The Vegan Autumn 1977

1

ISSN 0307-4811

THE

15]

VEGAN Vol. 24

No. 3

Autumn,

1977

CONTENTS

A n i m a l Rights (Editorial)

Jack

Humane Killing?

Sanderson Alan

Minerals in the Vegan Diet

Long

T. A. Sanders and F. R. Ellis

Home Grown "Cheese"

H.

Bombs and the G r a z i n g A n i m a l

K.

Also Recipes, Reports, Reviews, Letters and S h o p p i n g with Eva

Bland

Jannaway

VEGAN SOCIETY FOUNDED

1944—REGISTERED

CHARITY

VEGANISM is a way of living on the products of the plant kingdom to the exclusion of flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, animal m:lk and its derivatives and honey. It encourages the study and use of alternatives for all commodities normally derived wholly or partly from animals.

The objects of The Vegan Society are to further knowledge of, and interest in, sound nutrition and in the vegan method of agriculture and food production as a means of increasing the potential of the earth to the physical, moral and economic advantage of mankind.

President: Dr. Frey Ellis.

Deputy President: Mr. J. Sanderson.

Vice-Presidents: Mrs. E. Batt, Mrs. S. Coles, Mr. J. Dinshah, Dr. C. Nimmo, Miss W. Simmons, Miss M. Simmons, Mrs. E. Shrigley.

Council: Mrs. E. Batt, Mrs. S. Coles, Dr. F. Ellis, Mrs. K. Jannaway, Mr. A. Pay, Mr. J. Sanderson, Mrs. G. Smith. Mr. W. Wright.

Treasurer: Mrs. G. Smith, but all subscriptions, donations, etc., should be sent to the Secretary, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey.

Hon. Secretary: Mrs. K. Jannaway, address as above.

Subscriptions: £1.25 yearly. Additional members at same address not requiring an extra Journal, pensioners and juniors, 63p.

THE VEGAN Quarterly Journal £1.25 per annum.

25p, post free. From the Secretary, address as above.

Editors: Mr. J. Sanderson and Mrs. K. Jannaway.

Dr. F. Ellis.

Scientific Adviser:

All advertisements to Leatherhead Office.

The Editorial Board does not necessarily agree with opinions expressed by contributors to this magazine, or endorse advertisements.

Published: March 21st, June 21st. September 21st, December 21st.

Copy dates: 1st of preceding months.

RIGHTS OF ANIMALS "We can see quite plainly that our present civilisation is built on the exploitation of a n i m a l s just as past civilisations were built on the exploitation of slaves, and we believe that the spiritual destiny of man is such that in time he will view with abhorrence the idea that men once fed on the products of animal bodies".

So wrote that wise and compassionate man, Donald Watson, in the editorial of the first issue of "Vegan News" over thirty years ago. In the intervening years, the vegan idea has taken root and now about nine new m e m b e r s join the Vegan Society every week. Even so, the population of food animals bred for slaughter has greatly increased. Perhaps it is not without significance that the first word in the Central London Business Telephone Directory is A B A T T O I R and the last word is ZOO. To become a vegetarian who refrains f r o m eating flesh foods is a great step in the right d i r e c t i o n : it reduces the slaughter on his behalf by about one half.

To take the further step and become a vegan reduces the slaughter by the other half. In drinking m i l k , and eating butter, cheese and eggs, we a r e still involved in cruelty and the slaughterman is still working on our behalf. The chief of a gang who requires a murder and the man who carries it out, are equal in blame before the law, and the receiver of stolen goods is regarded as as much at wrong as the thief.

In the post-war years, for every lion, tiger and giraffe, etc. that have moved f r o m a cage to a safari park, thousands of food a n i m l s have moved from a field to a cage or box. The cruelty involved in this process is appalling. But even in so-called traditional farming there is massive cruelty and most people a r e not aware of it. Some readers understandably shudder and feel inwardly sick as they read of man's cruelty to the a n i m a l kingdom, especially food a n i m a l s , and others just refuse to read of such distasteful matters, but an editor, being aware of the ignorance of most people of these cruelties, feels it is his duty to refer to these f r o m time to time and reveal what is going on behind the scenes. Articles such as that by D r . Alan Long provide information that we can pass on to our meat-eating friends. Such information is supplied regularly in Bulletins issued by the Research Section of the Vegetarian Society (Parkdale, Dunham, Cheshire), to whom requests for copies and relevant information should be sent.

It is rapidly becoming more obvious to f a r m e r s themselves that only those who can tolerate cruelty can take part in modern livestock farming.

One f a r m e r explained to me recently that, in order to keep in business, he could only rear five of the thirty five calves he produced in the year, the others had to be sent for bobby veal. If a cow was not back in calf 9 weeks after calving she was called barren and had to be sent to market.

When he found that this meant she might be sent live to Europe he took her to the a b a t t o i r himself and waited to see her killed.

In this country alone there a r e over 150 recognised packs of foxhounds who hunt regularly; the agony that they and other completely inexcusable "sporting" 1.

activities cause pales into insignificance when compared with the daily, nay hourly, and continuous suffering caused by men's stomachs, particularly amongst the more "civilised" peoples of the world.

Almost daily we read or hear of new cruelties and new ways which men find of exploiting their younger brothers in evolution. But, for many of us, a sore finger gives us more concern than the millions of innocent creatures dying in terror or living in agony at the hand of man every day of their lives. However, there a r e now many hopeful signs, not least those in evidence at the R . S. P. C. A. Symposium ( s ee p. 3). New groups are active and the Vegan Society is growing as never before. "The meat-eating opponent of vivisection, the lacto-vegetarian, the vegan who wears leather shoes a r e all inconsistent - but they have seen and chosen a right course and taken some steps along it, and they urge others to join them, knowing that the more who set out on the journey, the further will each individual be able to progress towards full consistency. Meanwhile, cruelly is worse than inconsistency; it is better to be inconsistently compassionate than consistently cruel".

Hope lies in the kindness that we can find along with cruelty in most men.

At a North Shields Fish Market, where a boat sailed in with a live porpoise amongst its catch, men gathered around, made a collection to give its value to the fisherman concerned and then threw it back into the sea. As it headed out to sea, the cheer that arose was a tribute to its own endurance and to the charity of man.

Our task lies in helping people to realise that they can live consistently according to such charitable impulses, that they do not have to suppress them in order to feed.

Opportunities will occur again this autumn at the Animals F a i r , which will as usual, be run and attended by many "animal lovers" who acquiesce in the cruelties of farming by eating meat and dairy produce, (see p. 18) Veganism began as a Society in 1944 at the worst possible time when England was at war and lived under strict rationing. A criticism was, "The time is not ripe for r e f o r m " , to which Donald Watson replied, "Can any time ever be ripe for any reform unless it is ripened by human determination?"

Even though at times we feel powerless and like a cork in an angry sea, let us not forget that all the true forces of good are with us and let us obey and follow the spirit which prompts us and would lead us on.

Lord of all growing things, By such sweet, secret influences as those That draw the scilla through the melting snows, And bid the fledgling bird trust untried wings, When quick my spirit grows, Help me to trust my wings.

Jack Sanderson.

2. /

RIGHTS OF ANIMALS

Declaration against Speciesism.

In a s much as we believe that there is ample evidence that many other species are capable of feeling, we condemn totally the infliction of suffering upon our brother a n i m a l s and the curtailment of their enjoyment unless it be necessary for their own individual benefit.

W e do not accept that a difference in species alone (any m o r e than a difference in race) can justify wanton exploitation o r oppression in the n a m e of science or sport o r for food, c o m m e r c i a l profit o r human gain.

W e believe in the evolutionary and m o r a l kinship of all a n i m a l s and declare our belief that all sentient creatures have the right to life, liberty and the quest for happiness.

We call for protection for these rights. * * * * * * * The above declaration was offered for signature to the participants of the R . S. P. C. A. SYMPOSIUM ON THE RIGHTS O F A N I M A L S held at Trinity College, Cambridge, August 18th & 19th, 1977.

This symposium, held to m a r k the end of A n i m a l Welfare Y e a r , was certainly a m e m o r a b l e occasion.

If it proves to be typical of what we may expect in future, then it augurs well for p r o g r e s s in achieving Rights for A n i m a l s .

T H E R E was no sign of the hunting, shooting and fishing lobby. If there were any f a r m e r s present, they kept their presence unnoticeable and any meat eaters left at the end of the symposium must have been feeling decidedly uncomfortable.

T H E R E was a row of Hunt Saboteurs, several with their title blazoned a c r o s s their T-shirted chests. They were made welcome and several of the m a i n speakers handed them "bouquets". AND T H E R E W E R E AT LEAST 30 VEGANS - specially catered for!- thus making history in the historic dining hall of Trinity. The chef had never heard of such a variety of Homo Sapiens before. Vegetarianism was advocated by many of the speakers.

The audience was treated to no less than 16 m a j o r papers and 12 short ones, on historical, religious, philosophical, political and legal aspects of A n i m a l Rights and on a r e a s of special concern - f a r m i n g , wild life, research. Most of these p a p e r s were of exceptionally high quality. They are to be published a s soon as possible and we will hope to review them. They will give all who read them evidence of a new, m o r e vigorous, m o r e positive approach to a n i m a l welfare.

The papers on the use of A n i m a l s in Research-were disappointing in that their authors, contrary to the above declaration, accepted that some experiments on a n i m a l s were justified in the interests of human well-being ignoring the fact that in healthy living and non-violent healing lies the answer. Nevertheless, I feel most of those present would have agreed that to concentrate i m m e d i a t e action against the m i l l b n s of pointless experiments at present allowed, was good tactics. Please write to Bill Brown, 60 Wellington Rd. Crowthorne, Berks, for petition f o r m s .

I came away convinced that the many vegans who have resigned from the RSPCA o r decided that it was too luke-warm to be worth joining, should reconsider their decision. There i s every likelihood that they will be welcomed, catered for and their voice heard.

Kathleen Jannaway.

Humane Killing?

Alan Long

(Reprinted from the New Vegetarian,July 1977, by kind permission of the Editor).

'They use the humane killer, don't they?' 'They (the Min.of Ag-or the RSPCA) wouldn't allow it if it was cruel, would they?' Such complacency is wickedly false.

No vet nor inspector is present when most of the animals are slaughtered The 'humane killer' does not kill: meat is produced by bleeding animals to death after cutting their throats. The 'humane killer' is not a single contraption. Many fully conscious animals are stuck and bled to death without the use of any device more elaborate than a knife, a cage, a shackle, and a hoist. The animals die in agony.

Many vets condemn the stunning processes, which are unreliable, for inflicting a second death. Jewish (shechita) and Mohammedan (bismillah) rituals, which furnish meat for ordinary markets as well, require the throats of fully conscious animals to be slashed. Jatka, the Sikh method, is not allowed in Britain, although it is probably the least cruel: the animal is beheaded with one stroke. A report, published in May by the Environmental Health Association, made yet another attemp 'to reduce the dangers of disease and cruelty' in British slaughterhouses. The Times correspondent noticed that this is a 'part of the food-industry that the meateating majority of the population prefer to ignore'; o r , in the words of the report, 'the public want the product but not the premises'.

I have never met a slaughterman who argues that his activities are not cruel, some crueller than others. One foreman confided to me that he could never again undertake ritual methods nor the slaughter of horses. Another, pausing from his work, volunteered: 'Not a pleasant sight, is i t ? ' It is legalised assault and battery; beside it, the occasional vandalism of soccer rowdies and punk-rockers seems tame Many slaughtermen complain at the slaughter of calves: 'They suck your fingers, looking for milk. They're just babies. It's sheer, bloody murder' one commented.

The manager, independently, voiced his disquiet: 'We don't like it. It ought to be stopped'. The consumer demands pale veal, so many fully conscious calves a r e stuck and bled, since the violence of the death-throes ensures a good bleed-out.

These awful rituals remain of the assault and battery enshrined in Mosaic law.

The O. T. books of Deuteronomy and Leviticus pullulate with oblations, sacrifices, stonings, maimings, persecutions, curses, and banishments for doubters, reformers, adulterers, fornicators, homosexuals, transvestites, masturbators, bastards, and those with infirmities such as genital and sexual inadequacies. The quality of mercy has ousted some of this horror, but its benison has hardly penetrated the shambles: the meat trade ignores kinder teachings in Proverbs and in the prophecies of Isaiah. The ritual cut, although grievous, is slow to take effect.

Stuck beasts may be able to rise and walk about before they collapse through loss of blood. Urbanity throws its grubby coat over these evils. Our moralists may trip tut-tutting into dens of lewdness, but they connive at the full frontal obscenities that stock their tables. Veal is the dirtiest four-letter word in the vocabulary of meat, but here's Mr. Bob Owsnett, a director of International Stores, speaking in April: 'Traditional meats are going through a depressed or, at least, static

4.

phase. We think veal has more potential'. He looks forward to increasing sales.

Such are the wonders of the EEC that the calves may have been born in Britain, weaned prematurely to be shipped for a brief, non-ruminant existence on skimmed milk (they are denied the fat, as man demands that for butter) in a Dutch veal-unit, from which the meat is exported to Britain, where it may be snatched up as a good bargain by French shoppers on a day-excursion to Dover.

The hangman has been paid off. The grisly rituals in producing food from the shambles and turning kitchens into charnel-houses are relics overdue for abandonment. F a r m e r and consumer must come together in the interests of wholesome food and decent husbandry. The cult of cheap food has become a pernicious profligacy: we must be prepared to spend a higher proportion of our incomes on food and on the care of our land, and less on geegaws and junk. Many motorists fuel their cars on 4-star petrol, when 3-star would suffice; with food, they want everything at 2-star prices. Too many homes are crammed with hi-fi gadgets but are fed on lo-fi food.

Many arguments uphold vegetarianism, but some textured vegetable protein for what else is butcher's meat? - could be produced feasibly from scavenging animals such as free-range poultry, swill-fed pigs, and from grass-reared beef.

'The only roof they see is at the s l a u g h t e r o u s ' is the boast of the farmer with the suckler-herd, although he contemplated their fate with disquiet. Those calves enjoy a right denied to many babies: they have nine months on their mother's milk.

Scientists and economists will not close all the slaughterhouses. The task requires the testimony of folk moved to condemn this treachery. Our emotions must patiently enucleate this cancer in modern society. Many slaughterhouses would close but for subsidies from our rates and the profits from the 'fifth quarter', which comprises hides (for leather and wool), fat (for cooking, soaps, and cosmetics), and hooves, horns, offals, and blood (for gelatin, fertiliser, and pet food). If the shoe pinches, just think: The Vegetarian Society hasn't *Ll\ million this year to expound its case, nor a tiny fraction of it. Covenanted annual subs on our work would be covenants towards the creation of a green and pleasant land. I long to view, maybe from afar, on 'the other side', the Society's disbandment, when we discharge our last duty: helping to rehabilitate out-of-work slaughtermen. What an a i m to work and covenant fori What a legacy to will - an age when man no longer lives to kill, nor kills to live!

Is it an unattainable d r e a m ? After I'd written my piece, I read in May's Food Manufacture a prediction for 'The Next 50 Years' by Dr. Magnus Pyke, Secretary of the British Association for the Advancement of Science - he asks: 'Will vegetarianism catch on in a big way as the spearhead of a new m o r a l i t y ? ' Shall we be equal to the challenge ? * The meat trade is currently spending ÂŁ 2 | million a year on an advertising campaign. It will devote special attention to schools.

IVAIU^i

Âť

b

y

T. A. B. Sanders, B. Sc. (Nutrition), P h . D .

F. R. E l l i s , M. D . , F. R. C. Path.

About 1% of the human diet consists of essential mineral elements which are p r i m a r i l y needed for water balance, skeletal development and blood formation.

A number of minerals a r e needed in small amounts and are widely distributed in many foods. Some mineral elements which are essential for health, for example iron and zinc, are poisonous in larger quantities, so excessively high intakes of minerals should be avoided. Special care must be taken to ensure that two minerals, calcium and iron, are present in the diet in adequate amounts.(see tables) Sodium, potassium and chloride are involved in water balance and are found in all living tissues. Plant foods, especially fruit and vegetables, contain less salt (sodium chloride) than foods of animal origin and so vegan diets tend to contain less salt than omnivore diets However, most human diets are supplemented with salt and this makes an important contribution to the daily intakes of sodium and chloride, Man's need for salt has been a subject of dispute for many years.

Most people suffering from congestive heart failure, hypertension and kidney disease benefit if their salt intake is restricted On the other hand, people working under hot conditions, such as miners who are losing salt by sweating, need salt in their diets if they are to avoid dehydration and muscular cramps.

There is no good evidence to suggest that healthy people benefit by restricting their salt intake.

Mature bone is about two-thirds mineral salts and one-third cartillage.

Mineral salts give bones their rigidity. The bones of babies are mainly cartillage and a r e soft and malleable. The bones of children continue to lengthen and harden until the age of about nineteen years when they account for approximately one-sixth of the total body weight. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium are needed to harden the bones and teeth. Dietary deficiency of magnesium and phosphorus does not appear to occur in man, probably because dietary sources of these minerals are ubiquitous. Calcium, on the other hand, does pose a problem as many cereals and staple foods contain very little. The skeleton of a new born baby contains about 30 grams of calcium and that of an adult about 1,200 g r a m s . In the passage from childhood to adulthood the child must accumulate 1170 grams from the diet. During early life, the infant will obtain sufficient calcium from his mother's milk. Calcium deficiency has its most marked effect post-weaning up to the age of five or six, when growth is very rapid, and manifests itself as rickets; in cases of rickets, the deficiency of calcium is nearly always accompanied by one of vitamin D. In older children, calcium deficiency stunts growth and in girls may affect pelvic growth and cause difficulties in pregnancy and childbirth in later life. Women who have had repeatedpregnancies and who breastfed their children risk developing calcium deficiency; the supply of calcium to the foetus and to the infant in breast milk is maintained at the expense of the mother. Calcium is mobilised from the mother's bones to meet these requirements, if her diet is inadequate in calcium, and consequently her bones become brittle (osteoporosis) and her teeth may also suffer.

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..

The m i n i m u m recommended daily intake of calcium is 500 mg but higher intakes are needed during pregnancy, lactation and childhood. Our studies have found that vegans have marginally adequate intakes of calcium and that fruitarians have inadequate intakes. Table l.shows some plant sources of calcium.

The dissolved chalk in drinking water from hard water areas can provide calcium providing it is not boiled as the calcium salts precipitate out causing kettle-fur.

White bread contains more calcium than wholemeal bread because it is supplemented with calcium carbonate (chalk). Furthermore, the proportion of calcium absorbed from wholemeal bread is low but can be increased by adding calcium to the bread. Therefore an easy way for vegans who bake their own bread, to increase their calcium intakes is to add one level teaspoon of calcium carbonate (chalk B. P . ) to each pound of flour.

Fluoride is also needed for the health of bones and teeth. The chief source of fluoride is drinking water which if it contains 1 part per million (ppm) will supply 1 - 2 mg/day. Soft water may contain no fluoride whilst very hard water may contain as much as 10 ppm. Toxic effects of fluoride occur in parts of the world where the fluoride content of the drinking water is high (greater than 3 ppm).

Several mineral elements are needed for normal blood formation but of these only iron deserves special mention. Iron is needed in small amounts for the formation of haemoglobin, the red oxygen-carrying pigment of blood. Iron deficiency results in anaemia, the symptoms of which are tiredness, weakness and giddiness and a low concentration of haemoglobin in the blood. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in western developed countries and is very common in women of childbearing age often due to heavy menstrual blood loss. It is important that pregnant women do not become anaemic as this endangers the life of the unborn child.

Iron requirements are higher in women than in men. Iron requirements for menstruating women and pregnant and lactating women a r e s i m i l a r , because there is no menstrual blood loss during pregnancy and a higher proportion of iron is absorbed during pregnancy and lactation. Our studies have found that vegans generally have higher intakes of iron than omnivores. This is important because iron from plant foods is poorly absorbed compared with that from foods of animal origin; and moreover, our studies suggest that iron deficiency anaemia is not common among vegans, occasionally a vegan will develop a mild iron deficieny anaemia. Breast-milk provides enough iron for the first four months of life after which the introduction of some foods rich in iron and vitamin C, which increases iron absorption, is desirable (for example a soya milk and orange juice or rose hip syrup). Pulses, nuts and dark green leafy vegetables are good sources of iron but fruit and starchy foods, such as potatoes are poor sources. The occasional use of cast iron cooking pots can also boost iron intakes. Iron tablets, if medically prescribed, should be kept out of the reach of young children as an iron overdose can be fatal.

Fruitarian diets are inadequate in iron, as well as in calcium and protein, and if followed for long enough result in nutritional deficiency. At Kingston

Hospital, we have seen two children who developed rickets and anaemia and one who developed severe protein energy malnutrition and anaemia because they had been fed a fruitarian diet. A vegan diet is adequate for a l l age groups when it comprises a mixture of pulses, nuts, cereal products, vegetables and fruit and is supplemented with vitamin B12. Such a diet will generally meet the minimum requirements for mineral elements.

R E C O M M E N D E D D A I L Y INTAKES AND FOOD SOURCES OF CALCIUM Children 1 - 9 years 500 mg.

Boys and girls 9 - 1 5 years 700 mg.

Boys and g i r l s 15 - 18 years 600 mg.

Men and women 500 mg.

Women, 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy 1200 mg.

Women, lactation 1200 mg.

These recommended intakes are those of the DHSS 1969.

Portions of some plant foods providing 125 mg. calcium Wholemeal bread White bread Sesame seeds Soya flour Haricot beans Almonds B r a z i l nuts

16 oz.

5 oz. ยง oz.

2 oz.

2$ oz. i f oz.

2\ oz.

Parsley l j oz.

Spinach f oz.

Broccoli tops 3 oz.

Turnip tops 4g oz.

Molasses f oz.

Baking powder 1 teaspoon Hard water 2 pints

R E C O M M E N D E D DAILY INTAKES AND FOOD SOURCES O F Infants 5 - 1 2 months Children 1 - 1 2 years Boys 13 - 16 years Girls 13 - 16 years Women, Menstruating Lactating Pregnant Men and non-menstruating women

10 mg

10 mg 18 24 28 28 28 9

mg mg mg mg mg mg

IRON

These recommended intakes are those of W H O / F A O 1970 and are higher than those of DHSS 1969 because they allow for the lower absorption of iron from the diet when all the food is derived from plant sources

Portions of some plant foods providing 4 mg iron Millet 3 oz Oatmeal 3 oz Barley, whole dehusked 4 oz Wheatgerm i f oz Wholemeal bread 5 oz Soya beans, dry 2 oz Lentils, dry 2 oz Haricot beans, dry 2 oz Cashew nuts 3 oz

Sesame seed Pumpkin seeds Pistachio nuts Sunflower seeds (seedcoat removed) Almonds Dark green leafy vegetables Parsley Mustard & cress Curry powder Molasses

l j oz. l | oz.

1 oz 2 oz.

3s oz.

4 oz.

2 oz.

3 oz.

1/5 oz. l | oz.

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i

PUBLICATIONS

by the Vegan Society

What's Cooking?

£2.25

The unique cookery book by Eva Batt.

Over 270 recipes and valuable information and advice. Written with such vitality and clarity, humour and commonsense that it is a delight to read and own.

INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL VEGANISM

First Hand: First Rate

40p

.

with

basic

recipes

25p

A recipe booklet especially written

f o r those seeking to live as far as possible on the food they grow themselves.

Vegan Mothers and Children

Pioneers of the New Age 38p

Accounts by 10 vegan mothers on bringing up children the vegan way.

30p Accounts by 12 vegans of long standing on how they fared through the years.

In Lighter Vein 65p A collection of verses by Eva Batt.

Humorous but pervaded with compassion for living things.

Attractively illustrated by J i l l Bennett.

Written and illustrated by Mabel Cluer.

Saladings 70p Attractive booklet on choosing and using the fresh foods around us. * * * * * * * * * The V E G A N * * * * * * * * * *

Quarterly Journal.

£1.25 yearly subscription. 25p single copy.

L E A F L E T S - Vegan Products by Eva Batt 25p including postage.

Guidance for Slimmers, Guidance for Diabetics, Is Cow Milk Good for Humans?

Blueprint for a Humane World, Feeding Dogs & Cats l p each + S. A. E. Youth Hostelling and Camping the Vegan Way 5p + S. A. E. (reductions for Groups) SOLD (but not published) BY THE VEGAN SOCIETY - (prices include postage) " F O O D FOR A FUTURE" by Jon Wynne Tyson. An excellent exposition of the cause for complete vegetarianism (paperback) £1.10 "The CIVILISED A L T E R N A T I V E " by Jon Wynne Tyson (hardback) £3. 34 "STAND AND D E L I V E R " by Kenneth Brown. A humorous and most effective guide to public speaking. Learn to speak for veganlsm 85p "COMMON SENSE COMPOST MAKING" by May Bruce 85p " C H I L D R E N OF A L L A H " Collected poems 1977 by Nina Hosali, founder of the Nature Cure Clinic £1 (£2 for three) Vegan Badges 60p + S. A. E. MEMBERSHIP

£1.25 ($4)

Pendants 55p + S. A. E.

J

Special reduced rates for young and old.

A l l orders and letters to the Secretary, 47 Highlands R d . , Leatherhead, Surrey.

9.

A L L PRICES INCLUDE POSTAGE.

Home Grown 'Cheese' Beans usually form an important part of the vegan diet - soya, haricot, kidney, black eye, carob, mung, etc. Mainly for climatic reasons, none of these is grown in quantity in this country - and so people here are relying on imported beans.

However, there is a bean which does crop reliably in this country and is grown quite extensively for animal feed - the field bean called the tic.

We have been growing tic beans as a garden crop for some years and think that of all the beans it has the nicest texture and flavour. It stores well, and as we have never been able to grow enough to last the year, we have increased supplies by gleaning after the farmers have finished harvesting their beans in the autumn.

There always seem to be plants the machine misses.

Cooking. The tic bean has a f i r m e r texture and tougher hull than most so soak them overnight and then put them in a pressure cooker with herbs, onions e t c . , as preferred. Allow the cooker to hiss gently for 5 mins. turn off the heat and the beans a r e done by the time the cooker is cool: 15 - 20 mins. total. Alternatively, they can be soaked overnight and then boiled for about an hour, although this uses more energy and makes more steam.

The beans then make pleasant eating in vegetable stews, with a sauce or just as they are with a selection of vegetables.

Roasts and Savouries based on pulses. The cooked tic mashed up works well in a l l these recipes, adding flavour and texture.

Savoury Bean Spread. This is a modification of the Vegan 'Cheese' recipe from 'First Hand: First Rate', substituting the tic bean for soya flour and using oil instead of margarine.

One should not eat large quantities of raw beans and so we heat treat the beans before making the flour - similar to soya flour manufacturers. We have tried a number of methods for this and will describe the one which is easiest and also gives the best flavour.

When using the pressure cooker for cooking beans for stews etc. we put on top of them a dish of dry beans (no water). A small metal collander or steamer supported on a dish is even better for keeping the beans dry. Now keep the cooker hissing gently for at least 20 mins. and allow to cool. The dry beans in the upper dish will now be cooked and slightly damp and soft. In order to make flour, they must be dried by leaving them in a warm place for a day or so, or by leaving them in the oven while it cools off after bread making, etc.

To grind the beans, we use a hand driven grain m i l l , but a Spong hand coffee m i l l is also suitable. An electric coffee grinder or blender will do but is more fiddly as it only takes small quantities at a time. Either way, it is much easier if the beans a r e hard dry. After one grind, sieve and put the coarse bits back through the grinder. We use a fairly coarse nylon sieve. After about three grinds and sievings, the coarse bits a r e mainly hull flakes and may be discarded. We make several pounds of flour in less than half an hour.

10.

Recipe. Stir into the bean flour oil, Barmene and herbs to taste. Make the consistency suitable for spreading on bread. It seems to keep indefinitely in a screw top j a r but eventually the oil may go rancid so mix up enough for a week or so and keep the rest of the flour in a screw top j a r . We eat it on bread (no m a r g . ) or on top of Barmene or Vecon on bread. It goes well in s i m i l a r mixtures in sandwiches.

Nutritional Value Protein Fat Carbohydrate Fibre Beans (air dried) 25% 1.5% 57% 4.5(bywt).

The balance is water and ash.

This analysis is much the same as the other pulses. The protein is short of certain essential amino acids but fortunately these are complemented by combination with cereals, e . g . bread. Thus the biological value'of the protein in beans spread on bread is high.

We feel that this tic-bean spread on bread offers an important alternative to "bread and cheese" but of course it should not be allowed to take too large a place in the diet. Diversity, is the strong point of the vegan diet both nutritionally and as regards interest. Fortunately, this diversity can be considerable without reliance on imported foods. •Vecon no longer contains glycerine and is vegan say the manufacturers.

Harold & Jenny Bland, Welwyn.

WELCOME!

To Harry and Jenny Bland - a son, Michael (71b. 4oz. 24th July, 9.30 a m . At home. Mum up and about bread third day, shopping on fourth day etc. ^ can't control impressed as before. H. B . ) ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

John. second day. Making her! Midwife ^

The Sixth Wrekin Trust Health & Healing Conference at Loughborough was well attended by some 500 people. Sir George Trevelyan, in his opening and closing talks, was as inspiring and vigorous as ever. He expressed hope that, in the near future, the general public would be so well informed about health and healing that doctors would no longer be required. The two day's were packed with lectures on subjects including biofeedback, herbal treatment, Kirlian photography, radionics.

Jack Sanderson spoke convincingly on veganism in the time alloted for Societies.

There were many opportunities to state our views and also to meet other vegans.

We look forward to another session next vear.

E. S. VEGAN SOCIETY APPLICATION F O R M I a m a practising vegan and wish to join as a Full .Member I am a vegetarian and wish to become an Associate Member I wish to subscribe to the Quarterly Journal N. B. Minimum Subscription except in special circumstances is The Quarterly Journal is sent free to Members

ÂŁ1.25 .

According to the Charity Commissioner's Ruling honey has to be omitted from the diet of a Full Member.( See " Worth I t : foot of page 29 ) NAME (in capitals) ADDRESS (in capitals)

11.

I

NATURE HAS A TO HELP IMPROVE YOUR SKIN AND FIGURE OUTLINE N A T E X 2—a concert trate of raw vegetables to help purify the blood stream. Taken regularly is a prime aid toa healthy blemish-free skin.

Particularly useful if your diet lacks fresh fruit and vegetables

NATEX SOAP-if you

NATEX 5-helps your

slimming programme by adding good wholesome natural ingredients to your diet toaid elimination, improve oxidation and glandular function.

And effective when taken in conjunction with a calorie-controlled diet.

Enjoy life to the full with MODERN HEALTH P R O D U C T S

have a sensitive skin, what could be better than this lovely soap, manufactured from vegetable ingredients! Helps remove i mpurit les excreted via t he pores and is a wonderful aid to a soft and healthy skin.

DAVIS R O A D C H E S S I N G T O N S U R R E Y

LTD

Bombs and the Grazing Animal The solution of most of the problems challenging man today lies with a right ppreciation of trees.

Such an affirmation will come as no surprise to readers "The Vegan" and of Richard St. Barbe Baker who has often contributed to its pages (at 87 he still travels from continent to continent serving the forests). The right use of trees could solve the energy problem and thus make nuclear power reactors unnecessary and lessen the risk of nuclear war.

a

The first steps on the road to the technology of today was taken when early man first learnt to use trees to make fire! Half of the trees felled in the world today are still used in this way. Nine-tenths of the people in most poor countries depend on firewood for fuel. As populations grow and plantations are not replenished, acute shortages are being experienced An Indian official said recently "Even If we somehow grow enough food for our people in 2,000, how will they cook i t ? " The answer seems obvious - grow more trees and grow the kind which will produce the fruit and nuts that need no cooking!

However, the simple burning of firewood is an exceedingly wasteful way of producing heat even if the efficient modern stoves now being advertised in England are used. Such stoves may have their place in self-sufficiency projects but, if their use becomes wide spread without a stringent policy of tree planting, the effect on a country which is already the second least wooded in Europe could be disastrous. England was once covered with forests but the bill for imported timber now runs at over ÂŁ2,000,000,000 a year. Alice Coleman, Director of the Secondhand Utilisation Survey, writes "the cost of timber imports between the end of the war and the oil crisis was four times as great as the total balance of payments deficit over the same period".

Ergon Glesinger, Sec. Gen. of the Comite Inter, du Bois and of the forestry division of F. A. O., was described by Sir John Boyd O r r as "brilliant". He writes in his remarkable book "The Coming Age of Wood" that with the development of appropriate technology to use the 80% of felled wood often wasted and the establishment of integrated forest industries, wood could meet all the fuel needs of man and most of his other material needs as well. To quote but two of his claims - "The for ests could produce alcohol in amounts comparable to the world's crude oil production". "Europe's forests alone could permanently supply more motor fuel than the U. S. A. used in 1939". He was writing in 1949 and foresaw great opposition from the big oil companies. Since his book was written, research has gone in other directions, fostered by cheap and easily obtained oil and gas, so that now only 0.003% of methanol is produced by wood distillation. However, now that sources of non-renewable fuel are becoming more and more difficult to find and use, there is a trend back to his ideas. With the menace of the nuclear power stations that can proliferate into nuclear bombs, it is imperative that the trend be accelerated.

Prof. David Hall of the Department of Plant Science at King's College, London, who recently appeared as bio-fuel expert at the Windscale Inquiry.

reports significant progress and an important increase of interest during the last few years. He describes "the growing of plants for their fuel value" as "the only known operation that offers a renewable source of liquid fuel". He lists many: scientific papers and quotes practical projects and feasibility studies from various parts of the world. A major study in the U. S. A, concludes " m a j o r energy products which could be economically derived from wood biomass at some time in the future include electricity, ammonia, methanol, ethanol and possibly medium B. T. U. fuel gas".

Prof. Hall spoke at Windscale of covering the Cumbrian Hills with "alder, poplar, sycamore and eucalyptus'; he seems also to favour sugar beetrand other such crops for "energy farming". Has he balanced the deleterious effect of mono-culture of this type against the services of the forest in controlling the water-cycle, fertilising the soil, checking erosion, holding back the deserts and supplying so much for man's use? Such considerations are of m a j o r import in other parts of the world and should more than balance the more difficult processes that might be involved in utilising wood. Prof. Hall himself says "One of the problems In persuading people to take this research (i. e. into using biological systems to capture solar energy in the stored form) more seriously is that its relative simplicity compared with other forms of research belies its credibility". Granted trees take decades to grow but all the more reason to begin planting now so that they will be ready when the oil is used up".

An obvious objection to "energy farming", especially in overcrowded islands such as ours, is the competition for land use. At the Windscale Inquiry, Prof. Hall is reported as claiming that "25,000 acres would be needed to support a 1,200 megawatt power station", that "all required liquid fuels" could be obtained from 17% of the U. K. land area and "all the gas from 15%".

To the vegan, the solution is obvious - use some of the 48,490,000 acres of agricultural land, 90% of which is currently used for livestock. There would still be plenty left for a varied vegan diet for a l l , for wild life, recreation and for other purposes.

The great enemies of the forest are and always have been the grazing animal and its parasite, man. Neolithic man cleared the Cumbrian forests with his stone axes to make way for the grazing animals that have ever since prevented its generation. Today, the growth-mad Brazilian dictators are using the powers of modern technology to raze the rain forests for the same reason.

In between lies the long sad history of destruction of forest and enslavement of animal to meet man's debasing lust for flesh. The proliferation of nuclear projects can lead only to greater power to plunder the earth's resources, poison the environment and, when control gets in the hands of fanatics, to nuclear war.

A timely appreciation of the ability of trees to fix the sun's energy today, as they did in the Age of the Coal Forest, may yet help us to draw back from the nuclear brink.

Kathleen Jannaway.

References: Books by R. St. Barbe Baker. "The Coming Age of Wood"E. Glesinger.

Papers by Prof. D. G. Hall. " I s Planning Really Necessary?" A. Coleman. "The Other Energy Crisis"E Eckholm. "Vision of Glory" John Collis (now in paperback) "Guardian" and "New Scientist".

14.

A STALL IN THE MARKET It is now possible to stock up with whole foods for yourselves and friends and to look around for possibilities of interesting the public generally in buying whole foods, non-animal foods, easy on their pockets and the living environment.

Have you a Women's Institute market in your area where you can sell whole wheat bread, sough dough bread, cakes made without dairy produce, creams made from nuts, vegan 'cheese', home-made peanut butter, etc. ? Is there a market locally where you can put up a stall say once a week to sell whole grains ? Such enterprises could be a great success in opening a way to spread vegan ideas to the public. Ministry of Health Food regulations must be followed - weights and measures accurate, hygiene satisfactory, storage adequate. VAT is not required on general foodstuffs. You may need to provide your own stall and shelter. Our local market opens at 6 am (until 5 pm). There is a long waitinglfst, preference being given to local people.

Another way is to interest a local greengrocer or grocer to sell some whole foods supplied by you, or your own veganically grown produce. He will take a reasonable profit of course but, if demand is good, the idea could grow and new lines be introduced.

Bulk buying among yourselves will a l s o spread new ways of eating to friends.

Share and let others know when you are stocking up. If you have been vegan for some time and feel confident enough, ask friends in to cooking demonstrations of the vegan way. You may find you learn from your audience too - about other aspects of New Age living: herb cultivation and use, veganic gardening, healing arts, etc.

With exchange of ideas, a positive, forward looking centre can grow up, living with compassion and reverence for all life.

Infinity Foods, 24 North R d . , Brighton BN1 1YA, and Real Foods, 37 Broughton St., Edinburgh 1, or 107 Morrison St., Edinburgh 3, are both wholesalers of whole foods who run a delivery service; Infinity Foods deliver weekly in Brighton & Hove, charging £1 on a minimum £20 order, and monthly further afield in Surrey, Sussex and Kent by arrangement; Real Foods Mail Order deliver to many parts of the British Isles including the Islands, charging according to weight and zone with one ton orders free of charge - price liBts and zones on request.

Examples of prices from Infinity Foods wholesale stor e (prices as in July 1977*) WHOLEWHEAT FLOUR 100% stoneground 701b. £5.75 unit .082 SOYA FLOUR (toasted) 551b. £ 14. 65 unit . 266 CASHEWNUTS (large pieces) 251b. £13.25 unit . 53 RAISINS (large afghan) 27&b. £10.40 unit . 378 Real Foods wholesale victuallers (prices as in Feb. !77) BROWN RICE (short grain) 13jp(lb) 40p(31b) 89p(7lb) £1.73(141b) £3.36(281b) £6 53(561b) £12. 40 (1121b) £12. 21(sack 50kg) Bulk Price l l p ( l b Carriage charges - England (excl islands) lllb-1 cwt. £1 60; 1-5 cwt £1. 60 per cwt.

N. B. The writer of our Pet's Leaflet says that Real Foods is by far the cheapest wholesaler of pets' foods (TVP 100 lb. for about £20).

Eileen Scott.

15.

RECIPES

GASPACHIO (cold soup) 4 1 | 1

large ripe tomatoes (skinned) clove garlic (or powder) onion (diced) tbs. wine vinegar or cider vinegar

1 green pepper (diced) h cucumber (diced) Juice of i lemon.

1 tbs. oil

Method. Put all except oil into liquidiser and, when mixed, add oil gradually.

Serve ice cold.

BUCKWHEAT SPAGHETTI WITH TOMATO SAUCE. 8 ozs. buckwheat spaghetti l j pts. boiling water (salted).

4 tbs. oil 4 ozs. onion (chopped)

4 ozs. grated carrot 4 ozs. green pepper (chopped) 1 clove garlic crushed Salt. Black olives - to taste.

Method. Cook spaghetti in salted, boiling water until fairly soft (it should break easily with a fork). Strain. Add oil, chopped onion, grated carrot, chopped pepper, garlic and salt (Barmene can be added if desired). Mix well and leave in moderate oven for i hr. if required as a hot dish.

TOMATO SAUCE - 1 tbs. oil, i pt. tomato, \ pt. water, 1 rounded tsp. each of m a r j o r a m and thyme. Liquidise. Heat if required.

B A R L E Y FLAKES SAVOURY (for 4) 6 ozs. chopped onions 3-4 tbs. oil 4 ozs. barley flakes 1 oz. soya flour 1 pt. stock or water

4 ozs. grated carrots 2 tsp. Barmene Herbs to taste Parsley or chives to garnish.

Method.

Sauter onions in oil until tender. Add barley flakes and cook until slightly toasted. Remove from heat. Make thin paste with soya and 3 tbs. of water or stock. Add rest of stock and stir w e l l into the barley mixture. Cook until barley tender and liquid absorbed - add more water if necessary. Add Barmene, herbs and grated carrot and heat through. Serve garnished with chopped chives o r parsley, tomato sauce and a green vegetable.

LEMON CURD 3 oz. Tomor margarine

3QZ. Barbados sugar

5 tbs lemon juice 2 tsp. arrowroot (optional) 1 oz. soya flour Lemon peel (optional) Method. Melt margarine and sugar - in a bowl over boiling water, not in a pot.

Stir In other Ingredients and beat to a smooth paste.

Keep in the fridge.

MARTO PATE 1 oz. yeast (fresh or dried) 4 tbs. oil 2 tbs. water 2^-3 oz. Soyolk or s i m i l a r (amount 4 oz. tomatoes (or |oz tomato puree) required varies according to juiciness Barmene and/or salt to taste. of tomatoes).

Method. Make smooth paste with yeast and water. Fry tomatoes in the oil.

Stir in yeast and s i m m e r for 5 mins. Stir in soya flour. Add salt and/or Barmene to taste. Use as sandwich spread. Keeps for a week in the fridge or cool place.

P R I O R Y BISCUITS 3 i oz. S. R. flour (wholemeal) 6 oz. Tomor margarine 3 oz. rolled oats J tsp. Bicarbonate of soda 4 oz. Barbados or raw sugar 1 dsp. water Method. Melt margarine; pour over dry ingredients. Dissolve bicarb, in water.

Add, mix and leave 4-6 hours in fridge or cool place. Roll into lumps like golfballs - don't flatten. Put on greased trays spaced to leave room for them to flatten as they melt,bake for 20-30 mins at 350째 or 180 o C , u n t i l golden brown. If they run into each other, just cut into sections with a knife; they will be crisp when cold.

B L A C K B E R R Y FRUIT SALAD (for 4) Well mash 8 ozs. ripe blackberries. Stir in 6 ozs. sliced pears and 4 ozs. sliced plums. Serve with cashew cream made by whipping finely ground cashew nuts with water to desired constituency.

B L A C K B E R R Y ICE C R E A M (for 4) Well mash 8 ozs. blackberries. Whip in 8 ozs. finely ground cashew nuts and 1 top. of oil. Leave in freezer 6-12 hrs. Serve topped with blackberries.

AG M

1977

AND

OTHER

M E E T I N G S

The 33rd Annual General Meeting of the Vegan Society will be held on Saturday, October 15th at 2.30 p m at Friends Meeting House, 52 St. Martin's Lane, Westminster ( n a r r o w entrance about 100 yds. along on the right f r o m Trafalgar Sq.) The chief business of the meeting will be to elect Officers and a Council, to appoint an Auditor, to consider reports and resolutions. Resolutions and nominations, which must be in writing and signed by two members, Secretary by September 26th.

At 4.30 p m - Tea and an opportunity for members to meet each other.

At 6.30 p m - D r . Gordon Latto on "The Way forward" followed by discussion and contributions from the floor.

Sunday, October 16th.

It is hoped that some member-' will be able to spend the day after the A. G. M. together. Margaret PlOger, . N19 (tel:272 0082) has asked up to 8 people to join her in a Fungi Foray in Epping Forest followed by a mushroom supper in her flat. Please let her know as soon as possible if you want to be included.

Other suggestions welcomed - clear details, please,before or at the A . G . M. A few offers of overnight accommodation have been received; please let the Sec. know soon if you would like to accept, giving details of age, sex and interests.

ANIMALS FAIR Thurs. Nov. 24th (evening), F r i . Nov. 25th. (all day) CHELSEA Town Hall. Help and goods for sale urgently needed. Phone Leatherhead 72389.

MEET THE VEGANS The last-Tuesday-of-the-month-Social-Gatherings at the Nature Cure Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, London W1 (behind Marylebone Church, 5 m ns.walk from Baker St. Underground Station) have been well attended an d apparently much enjoyed. They will be continued during the autumn and winter months.

Bournemouth Group.

New meeting place: Friends Meeting House, Warmcliffe Rd. Boscombe. Please contact Wilfred Crone, , BH1 4E for particulars.

Staffordshire.

"FACTS BEHIND F O O D " Vegan Society Open Door F i l m and panel of speakers.

Please contact R . Hudson, , Newport R d . , Gt. Bridgeford and offer support and help.

Blackburn - new thriving, active group would welcome you. , Avenue, Darwen, Lanes.

Write Arthur Martin,

India 24th W O R L D VEGETARIAN CONGRESS in New Delhi, Nov. 18thDec. 10th, 1977. P r o g r a m m e s and other details from Brian Gunn-King, Broughshane, Nr. Ballymena, Co. A n t r i m , N.Ireland.

VEGAN COOKERY DEMONSTRATION at the Nature Cure Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, London W1M 3AL: Christmas Cooking by Mabel Cluer.

Wednesday, 30th November at 6.00 p m . Tickets 30p from the Clinic.

18.

The Nature Cure Clinic is celebrating its 50th Anniversary with 6 monthly lectures to be held at Friend's House, Euston Rd. , London NW1.

Theme: L I V I N G H E A L T H I L Y - THE N A T U R A L WAY. 1.

"Herbs and A h i m s a " by Kathleen Keleny-Williams, author of 'Quick & Easy Menus for Using Herbs', resident owner of Coombe Lodge Yoga Centre.

Wed. 19th October, 1977, at 7.00 p m .

2.

"Organic Gardening Without Poisons" by Jack Temple, gardening correspondent of 'Here's Health', lecturer for the Soil Association.

Wed. 16th November, 1977, at 6. 30 p m .

3.

"Relaxation - How to Achieve It". Demonstration and advice from Christine Profit of the Margaret Morris Movement, Douglas Morgan, MSF (Clinic Practitioner) and Ann Woolley-Hart, MSc, MB, BS; (on biofeedback and relaxation techniques).

Wed. 14th December, 1977, at 6.30 p m .

4.

"Diet - the True Healing Agent" by Gordon Latto, MB, ChB. Pres. of the Vegetarian Society of UK Ltd. Thurs. 19th January, 1978, at 7.00 pm.

5.

6.

"Hydrotherapy" by D r . Barbara Latto.

Wed. 15th F e b . , 1973, at 7.00 p m .

"Homoeopathic First Aid" by Chandra Sharma, L C P , & S. (Bom.), LAH (Dub.) Medical Director of Ramana Health Centre. Wed. 15th Mar. 1978 at 7.00 p m .

Fee for 6 talks ÂŁ2. 50, single talk 50p. Early booking advisable as seating limited.

Apply - General Secretary, Nature Cure Clinic L t d . , 15 Oldbury Place, W1M 3AL. The Vegetarian Society are presenting a series of 5 lectures on nutrition entitled TODAY'S IDEAS FOR TOMORROW'S NUTRITION The lectures will be held at 53 Marloes R d . , Kensington, W8 at 7. 30 pm on 4th, 11th & 18th Oct. and 8th & 15th Nov Admission 30p. Full information from Vegetarian Society , 53 Marloes R d . , London W8 6LD. (S. A. E. please).

Also, the Vegetarian Society have arranged a one day symposium entitled FOCUS ON FOOD AND HEALTH which will be held at Kensington Library Theatre, P h i l l i m o r e Walk, London W8 on Sat. 29th Oct. 10.30 a m . Speakers will include Penny Nield-Smith, Dr. Gordon Latto, Mr. Conrad Latto FRCS, Dr. Alan Long, and William Price MP. A buffet lunch will be available. Tickets ÂŁ1 each.

Full information from Vegetarian Society, 53 Marloes Rd. W8. (S. A. E. please).

BOURNEMOUTH Adult Education are running evening classes on FOOD R E F O R M & VEGETARIAN COOKERY at Summerbees School, Monday evenings 7. 30 pm starting Sept. 19th (enrolment Sept. 7th & Tutors Harry & M i r i a m Mather. Dishes will be basically vegan and adapted to general needs of class (e.g. simple dishes for beginners, variety for the more adventurous - bread baking, etc.).

Mallard Rd. 8th). will be greater

SIX SHORT COURSES at RICHMOND ADULT COLLEGE to cover "health, scientific, ecological and political aspects of the food you eat"running from 28th September to mid July, 1978. For further information, please contact D r . Nancy Ann Worcester at Richmond Adult College.

19.

S

W

" C H I L D R E N OF A L L A H " Collected poems by Nina Hosali. ÂŁ1 each or ÂŁ2 for set of 3 from the Vegan Society, 47 Highlands R d . , Leatherhead, Surrey.

I worked long to identify the unifying message that I could feel running through the so varied poems that go to make up this collection. At last I found it expressed most clearly in the verse below: the significance of living lies not in ease and affluence but in the effort that goes forth to meet the challenge of life.

See how the slow unwilling blood responds, And the heart beats faster, Deeper and more exultantly.

And the veins take up the challenge And throb more fully, more insistently.

Echoing the age-long urge to effort and toil, And the soul awakens and thrusts out fear And the eyes flash back the call of the day With the reading of each poem, we are privileged to share the deep sensitivity of the writer - a sensitivity that leads, not to withdrawal but to commitment to life in all its fullness, to the ability to enter into the living of - the stray dog, "put down" "Did he recognise the treachery that stalks in the guise of m e r c y ? " - the tired mule "Lacking only the gift of speech, And hands wherewith to fashion tools and weapons of destruction And by that lack condemned to everlasting servitude".

- the nomad woman "With her rags and her dirt And her poise and her grace And the tireless ease of her stride" - the woman rescuing the bird "Herself like a hunted stricken thing Palpitating with the bird's helpless agony Seeking a place where she might untie and tend i t " .

- of the abandoned mule waiting for death and the blindfold one turning the wheel, always in darkness.

Only half the poems are of North Africa; they portray equally vividly "Two different worlds; A land of countless beauty and scarce a blade of food; Another world, not thirty -hours away A world of green and plenty".

20

- but with its challenges, too. Less than half are about animals, the rest express awareness of human sorrow and j o y , of striving and of humour, too, and of the deep significance of living.

If you buy one of these simply presented collections so full of feeling and so free of sentimentality, you will want to have others as gifts for friends I feel deeply enriched by having read them for review.

Nina Hosali is giving all the proceeds f r o m the sale of her poems to the two Charities she launched: "The Society for Protection of A n i m a l s in North A f r i c a " and the Nature Cure Clinic, and to others with which she is associated, including the Vegan Society. j K "THE M O R A L STATE OF A N I M A L S " by Stephen Clark.

Clarendon Press ÂŁ 5 . 9 5 .

Although Peter Singer's " A n i m a l Liberation" should have taught m e better,* I expected a heavy intellectual treatise when I picked up the book by Stephen Clark, lecturer in Moral Philosophy at the University of Glasgow. Instead, it i s the impassioned out-pourings of a young man " m o r e interested in achieving a practical issue than in the details of abstract philosophy". He uses his obviously great erudition to confound a l l the arguments which learned men through the ages have advanced in defence of their cruelty to a n i m a l s . Argument, he admits, "can never do more than clear our eyes of self-induced blindness" but in "pursuing the various self-deceptions endemic to man through the labyrinth of orthodox thought" his book does much to clear the way for action on behalf of those "other sentient creatures a l l about us, who may lack our verbalising gifts, but who have their lives to live and their own versions of reality to worship". He puts his faith in "the decent man who does what he knows he m u s t " . He castigates frequently those who a r e net "at least vegetarian" but fails to unveil the illogicality and inadequacy at every level of vegetarianism which as a full member of the Vegan Society he could well have done. Perhaps he fails to realise the rapid pace of change in our direction, the number of people who for various reasons good and not so good a r e changing their diet. Stephen Clark concludes -"What matters in the end is not what we say, but what we do and do not do',' but his eloquent saying will surely help to better action on the part of those who read his book.

K.J.

My bow I set in the clouds, sign of the covenant between Myself and earth. When I cloud the sky over the earth, the bow shall be seen in the cloud.

Then will I remember the covenant which I have made between myself and you and living creatures of every kind.

(Genesis 9:12f; see Romans 8:19f)

B

- A

N A T U R A L

P R O D U C T ?

I sometimes get letters deploring the use of B 1 2 supplemented food and tablets on the ground that they a r e not "natural".

Micro organisms that live in animals and in man, in the soil and in water, are the only source of B . The insufficient amounts found in or on plants such as comfrey and seaweeds, are from the same source. Some people seem able to use the B^g synthesised in their own intestines, some cannot. The latter have five choices open to them: 1. They can hope to get enough B ^ from dirt on unwashed fruit and vegetables.

2. They can find a source of untreated water which will probably be contaminated with other bacteria besides the B synthesising variety.

3. They can choose i l l health (perhaps death) for B is essential for the health of every cell in the body.

4. They can eat the bodies of their fellow m a m m a l s thus behaving like carnivores when they so obviously have the bodies of frugivores.

5. They can be grateful for the fact that modern man, using his brains in accordance with his nature as Homo Sapiens, has devised a way of growing the bacteria on vegetable medium and making it available in a convenient form. Which is most "natural"?

More rational challenge comes from those living in isolated areas who cannot get to Health Stores for Barmene, P l a m i l and other B supplemented foods.

They can get supplies of tablets from Lane's Health Products, Sossin Rd. Gloucester.

Still others a r e concerned about a possible future break down of modern society and consequent lack of supplies. Should man be forced to return to primitive conditions of living, he would not be able to avoid contaminated food and drink.

Lester Smith, F. R. S . , who did most of the early work on the vitamins, wrote in 1967: "Ironically, vegans could probably get by if they were not so fastidiously hygienic' 1 . Moreover, it is possible that the B ^ micro-organisms could be cultured quite simply.

Some light may now be thrown on what Gandhi, a most fastidiously hygienic man, described when talking to a group of vegetarians in London in 1931, as "one of the tragedies of my life" i. e. his inability to maintain health on a vegan diet. Confronted with the suffering imposed on the cow and the calf, he had vowed never to touch cow's m i l k again but had had to compromise and take small amounts of goat's milk. He could have been suffering from B deficiency.

This was before vitamin B was identified and produced in laboratories. Had it been available to Gandhi Trom such sources, he would surely have accepted it rather than depart from his principles. He was always willing to use the inventions of science and technology if they met the genuine needs of man, though, with a wisdom tragically lacking in rulers of today, he discerned that they more often led man astray by encouraging his greed.

The word "natural" is being used too often and too loosely. There are some fundamental laws of living that modern power-mad, technology-mad, man is breaking to the peril of us all. There is another fundamental law: "Evolve or die out", that confronts dominant species. We must meet the challenge of our day and go forward. Using our intellects as the tools of our compassion, we must go beyond "heartless, witless Nature". * Kathleen Jannaway. •"Hound of Heaven" by Francis Thompson.

22.

THE ENFIELD BOUTIQUE 123/5 Baker St , Enfield EN1 3HA

(01 363 2982)

YOUR OWN STORE FOR VEGAN COMMODITIES where you will find hundreds of R E A L vegetarian products including TOILET SOAPS, SHAMPOOS & COSMETICS of all (vegan) kinds made by ALO. BEAUTY WITHOUT C R U E L T Y , CHARLES P E R R Y , D E I M E L , J A B L E Y , LUSTY S, McCLINTON'S, MODERN HEALTH, NATURAL WOMAN, PURE PLANT PRODUCTS VEGECOS, W E L E D A , YIN YANG etc AND CLEANING MATERIALS such as WASHING-UP LIQUID, HOUSEHOLD SOAPS, SPONGES, DUSTERS, TEA TOWELS, CAR POLISHERS, and the popular E N F I E L D PLUS CHAMMY which does all that an animal washleather will do, wears better and costs far less. (NO price rise in five years! Probably a record?)

AND VEGAN COOKERY and other BOOKS.

AND

A selection of HEALTH FOODS (no pills or potions).

ARTIST'S BRUSHES.

AND

AND

EDUCATIONAL, self-adhesive signs for Home, Shop, Club or Car "NO SMOKING P L E A S E . P E O P L E ARE BREATHING" (3 for 25p and stamp).

AND

SHOES

•*) *

*

IN THE FOOTWEAR DEPARTMENT A good selection of completely non-leather, British Made, Shoes, economically priced and designed for COMFORT - no 'high fashion' styles.

PAY US A VISIT Try on Shoes and test Cosmetics, Creams, Soaps and Perfumes without obligation.

Browse among Books, Journals and free Leaflets.

We are over E N F I E L D TYRE CO. on the W8 'bus route, or 6 mins. walk from E N F I E L D TOWN stn. - going North. The BOUTIQUE is OPEN on Mondays, Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays. (CLOSED on Tuesdays and Wednesdays).

If you cannot call, shop at home in comfort and with confidence. Just send 15p (stamps will do) and a largish 9|p stamped addressed envelope for illustrated leaflets, price lists and order forms.

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

Why not help yourself and the cause by supporting this VEGAN ENTERPRISE, all the profits from which help the Society to spread the message of veganism.

23

S H O P P I N G - * EVA Messrs. Associated Biscuits regret their e r r o r in stating in a letter that their Barmouth bisciitsare vegan. In fact, they contain whey powder, which we a r e sure our readers will have noticed as it is stated on the packet.

Now the Good News - VECON is now vegan since the glycerine has been replaced with vegetable oil - and the M A R I G O L D type T. V. P . , Soya Splits and Dulse seaweed are now available again under the new LOTUS FOODS label.

Imported Fresh Citrus Fruit.

Some of our readers are concerned that, to prevent fungal rot, citrus fruit is sometimes wrapped in tissues which have been treated with diphenil or thiabendazale. Although some of this chemical would be absorbed by the skin of the fruit, it does not pass through the pith to the flesh.

If the skin is to be used, scrubbing and then leaving the fruit exposed to the a i r for a couple of weeks will allow most of this fairly volatile chemical to evaporate.

Seville oranges are supposed not to be treated but we hear f r o m a most reliable source that this directive is not always observed, so it would be as well to take the above precautions when making marmalade. However although enormous doses have toxic effects on unfortunate test animals, there is no evidence that, in the quantities which might be absorbed, any harm will come to the marmalade addict. In fact, the sugar would have a more harmful effect than the additive.

Discarded skins can be safely used In the compost heap.

The Cow & Gate soya food being produced especially for babies and now on trial, is vegan and should be generally available before long. It contains Calcium and vitamins B12 and D. The ever helpful D r . Alan Long tells us that the protein and fat pattern is s i m i l a r to human m i l k and the sodium content low, and he adds "So Cow & Gate are closing the Gate on the Cow;" VEGAN

F O O D S .

Courtaulds. (Savouries) KESP The beef-like flavour owes nothing to an animal but the chicken-like flavoured chunks contain some chicken fat.

VEGEX - marketed by Granose Foods English Grains (Soups) SIMPLICITY CANNED SOUPS: FARMHOUSE VEGETABLE ASPARAGUS, MUSHROOM, C E L E R Y , TOMATO. An added advantage - they a r e a l l thickened with carob.

Health & Diet Foods (Soups)

HUGLI STOCK CUBES; Sea Salt and Low Salt varieties.

Heinz (Pickle, Soup, Savouries) TOMATO P I C K L E , LOW C A L O R I E TOMATO SOUP (Heinz Baked Beans and Curried Beans are still vegan).

Hofels Pure Foods (Savouries) VEGETABLE CURRY; .Medium and M i l d A l l Hofels cereals can be recommended, no chemicals are used in the growth cycle and 'dressed' seeds are certainly never used.

Nutrition House (Sweets)

MINCEMEAT.

24.

Princes Buitont (Savouries)

RATATOUILLE in cans.

St Schwartz (Fats) GOLDEN ROSE vegan MARGARINE is now available in the soft, low fat diet quality (from kosher Delicatessen stores and some Supermarkets).

Smedley - H. P. Foods (Sauces) ************

HP SAUCE, HP TOMATO KETCHUP, DADDIES TOMATO KETCHUP.

************ Hugli Health Food Soups. Nutrition House Christmas Puddings and Wholefood Steamed Puddings. Mincemeat and Christmas Puddings with Cadbury's, Hartley's or Moorhouse label.

VEGAN

T O I L E T R I E S .

Stafford-Miller (Toiletries) DIVIDENT, TEGRIN LOTION, TEGRIN HERBAL LOTION, TOOTHBRUSHES. Delmel.

Deimel A L L PURPOSE H E R B A L SKIN LOTION only. (The Cream version contains beeswax).

Potter's Herbal Supplies (Soap) SPECIAL VEGETABLE OIL SOAP. Chefaro Proprietories (Sun Tan Products) BERGASOL, SYLVASUM. Lusty's (Shampoos) ROSEMARY SHAMPOO, HERBAL HAIR TONIC. Intermedics (Toothpaste) BIOCOSMA TORMENTHOL TOOTHPASTE. It has been brought to our attention that some readers are under the impression when we list one or two lines only from a certain manufacturer, that all their other products a r e vegan. On the contrary the other toiletries from this company are either not vegan or we are awaiting assurences about ingredients and testfng. *********** *!**********' Toiletries: Synpharma - Grandels Skin Diet.

Special, Cream Pack and Oil Special all contain lanolin.

Night Cream, Cream

Our readers will appreciate that the Society is not in a position to have every product analysed and we must therefore rely on the assurances given by manufactu r e r s . However, every care is taken to ensure that our requirements are understood and unclear or evasive replies are investigated further, If we are still in doubt, the product is not included. Members are invited to make their own enquiries and send the replies, good or bad, to the Society for the benefit of others.

A R T I S T ' S

BRUSHES

George Rowney.

Flat, squared, GOLDEN NYLON BRUSHES series 201 and 237.

Flat, curved-in NYLON BRUSH series 220. Suitable for oil, water or acrylic paints; sizes 2 - 12.

Alsons.

Round, long handled, NYLON BRUSHES. No. R61, series A , B & C. Also, F60 & F20.

Reeves.

Series 635 & 634. Also, GOLDEN TOUCH series 619.

Wlnsor & Newton.

Series 37, 67 and P. G. P a l e r Board.

A medium price range numbers 691 - 697.

Lion.

A L J O B BRUSH, suitable for adhesives, cleaning, hobbies, etc.

Designed as a throwaway brush, it is touch and can be cleaned with paint solvent or cellulose thinners.

E v a Batt.

25.

The main items above will be added to the Vegan Commodities L e a f l e t ^ r i c e 25p including postage. Readers are reminded of the great number of letters that have been written to ascertain the fact s, the hours of work involved and the postage.

The only solution to the difficulties lies in spreading veganism so that slaughter houses become horrors of the past and alternatives to their by-products will have to be found.

So join the Vegan Society, work for it and hasten the glad day ! Just joining and keeping up your membership helps.

IF YOU CAN'T BE A VEGAN-

by Donald Stewart.

Being a "near" Vegan involves me in compromise. A friend of mine used to say in times of tension: "Be easy, but if you can't be easy, be as easy as you can".

When these words are spoken quietly, they act like a sedative. I parody this advice saying to myself: "If you can't be a Vegan, be as vegan as you can".

The adjective "vegan" (with a small V ) is not in the dictionary. I produced it as one produces the adjective "christian" from the parent noun "Christian" with it's capital " C " . After a l l , most of us find that it is too big a challenge to be like St. Francis. So, when I can't be a Vegan I try to be as vegan as I can.

When I go to the Supermarket, I have to take my specs, with me to read the small print on the tins and packages. Vegetable Soup labels, for instance, are fascinating. What on earth is "monosodium glutamate" or "hydrolysed protein"?

Is it something made from crude oil or horses hooves ? Plastic tubs of Soft Margarine, too, - how "nearly" vegan some of them are until one encounters the word "whey" among the "ingredients"! What a great pity when the main constituent is "vegetable o i l " . But how convenient it is. Anyway, there may be only a teeny bit in the whole % lb (pardon, - 227 g r . ) .

Now for the Milk Substitutes - where's me specs? Yes, this stuff looks Vegan "Gives Coffee a Creamy Taste". No cream in it evidently. What do the "Ingredients" say? "Dried Glucose Syrup", "Vegetable Fat". Hurrah! No milk derivative, but read on -. Ah, dismay! What's this sinister item in the l i s t ? "Sodium Caseinate". Caseinate! Casein comes from cheese, doesn't i t ? Bother!

Still, it may be only a tiny bit. Besides, casein is found (according to the dictionary) in certain leguminous plants as well as in cheese. I ' m as vegan as I can be, a m I not? Anyway, I didn't get the dried milk, did I. Let's go further. What savouries can we find that are non-animal.

"Soya Meat with Gravy". Looks alright. No! No good. J u s t look at that list of contents - "Beef F a t " to give it "flavour". Ugh! What a pity! I think I'll write to the Manufacturers. "Meatless Savoury", indeed: what are they thinking of.

"Beef Fat to give it Flavour". Stupid. Stupid.

Never mind, they will learn in time. I shall advise the Manufacturers that they are "missing out" (as the Americans say) on the Vegetarian business.

As time goes on, it may be easier to be a Vegan with a capital " V " and to do all my shopping in the Supermarkets. They may even develop a "Vegan C o r n e r " for shoppers. Suppose I write the Directors and put this idea into their heads.

Well, I could try. Where's me specs.

26.

SCHOOL DINNERS. M r s . Hardwick's letter on the subject of school dinners raises a problem of increasing concern to food reformers. The food reform movement should have tackled this issue long ago instead of leaving those affected by it to battle as best they can against the full weight of orthodox authority. Other minorities with less valid cases, established their rights by concerted action whilst the food reform movement never made any serious attempt, presumably because the matter only affected some of its members and these only for limited periods. Surely now that we a r e probably the fastest growing movement in the country, with mass circulation food reform magazines and health food shops everywhere, we can demand that it is intolerable that the ever growing number of vegetarian parents should pay in full for school meals the most expensive part of which their children do not eat and the rest of which is unbalanced and nutritionally inadequate.

Since the war, trends in education have aimed at teaching children to think for themselves. It is ironical if the system cannot now accommodate the changes from orthodoxy that have inevitably followed from this more enlightened approach, especially as in our case when the reform is the very antithesis of the greed, violence, self indulgence, ill-discipline, drug addiction and obscenity that is tearing society apart and making good government impossible.

Mrs. Hardwick's case is particularly interesting since she did not ask for special catering for her daughter - a request now granted in the Armed Forces and even in H. M. Prisons. She asked only that her daughter might take her own sandwiches. In brief, she asked for the use of a chair and perhaps a drink of water. Not the sort of request one would expect to strain the British tradition for tolerance beyond breaking point, but that, it seems, is what it did. The Headteacher refused the request; the Local Authority backed him; the local M. P. and the Citizens' Advice Bureau could do nothing to help Mrs. Hardwick, which was not surprising since the Minister for Education and Science, with all the power that goes with the top job and with a love of freedom and fair play that we might expect in a daughter of Vera Brittain, even she could not revoke this order which we must accept was issued under the Divine Right of Headteachers.

Have some people forgotten already that on the Western Front alone there are nearly 2,000 cemeteries filled with the remains of men who died believing that because of their sacrifice future generations would not be inconvenienced by autocrats? Mrs. Hardwick, and doubtless many more who are suffering in silence, represent those'future generations', and they a r e being inconvenienced for the very best of reasons - that of conscience. Mrs. Hardwick is compelled to make a six mile journey each lunch time to feed her daughter, which is an imposition enough to cripple many pressurised families today. Other parents in the past who did not possess a car found it necessary to arrange a daily taxi to solve their problem, whilst for others make-shift arrangements from week to week with almost split second timing causes anxiety that must affect not only digestion but also family harmony. The State has arranged that some children must travel long distances to school, so the State must be reasonable about how its mid-day feeding arrangements affect us. It is clear that our sensitive administrators have no conception of the problems they are causing

27.

for vegetarian families whose children cannot get home for lunch.

With meat at its present price it is hard to understand why schools cannot produce an alternative vegetarians meal every day. Failing this, permission for children to take their own food and be given proper facilities for eating it should now be demanded. Ofcourse the Authorities will argue that to grant this concession to vegetarians would mean that others would claim it too but for very different reasons, and that delinquent parents would spend their children's allowance not on school meals but on more beer, tobacco and gambling for themselves, leaving their children with bread and scrape. This argument is weak for two reasons, firstly because under the new arrangements that come into force in the Autumn when the price of the school meal goes up to 25p, about a quarter of all children will get it free, and many of these delinquent parents will benefit, but more important it can never be right to rob the innocent of their freedom because of threats from the irresponsible. These must be dealt with separately or we will soon have no freedom at a l l . In the event of abuse, proof of membership of a vegetarian or other food reform society should be sufficient to claim the concession.

Because we have failed as a movement to protect the interests of vegetarian parents and their children in this vital matter, Mrs. Hardwick's options now a r e not attractive. She must choose whether to renounce her principles, or continue her expensive and time oonsuming mid-day shuttle service perhaps for a period of years, or ask her daughter to fast, or l i m i t her schooling to mornings only, or try to find another school, or ask her to eat her sandwiches sitting like a pariah on the pavement outside the school gates where the Headteacher's authority ends.

The presence of a vegetarian child in a school is calling upon the authorities to recognise that the slaughterhouse is incompatible with the Christian ethic and that half the world's people will continue to be condemned to near starvation so long as the slaughterhouse system of nutrition continues. Mrs. Hardwick's daughter is playing a bigger part in the battle between good and evil than perhaps she has realised. She is not the first child in history with something useful to offer who has found there was 'no room in the inn'.

Donald Watson.

VEGAN VITALITY. We have 3 vegan dogs now. Can you advise on diet as this vegan diet appears to have 'adverse' effects on our new a r r i v a l , now 10 months old?:She can clear five foot walls, run for hours on end, play all day in the garden, jump into my a r m s from standing position, eat anything from pineapple to carrots and seaweed and pound notes. All this and she's only as big as a large whippet.

Hopefully, vegan diet has stopped her turning into Alsatian. We may have to make her carnivorous in the hope she will become as dull and listless as other dogs.

We understood vegan diet shortened dogs' lives. We've gone wrong somewhere as Scottie is now 13, Mongrel 10. Vet. advised us Scotties have good life span of 8-10 years. The two old timers are now vegan for 7-8 years. " Barry & Linda Emptage.

28.

f STAYING WITH VEGANS IN HOLLAND. " I can still remember my first meal there. Who would have believed that two young men could be such quick and capable cooks. Salad and vegetables were fresh plucked from the garden so that one moment they were growing in the blue evening and the next their undiminished strength was in our cooking pot! The food was always more delicious and satisfying than I have ever eaten before and as Infinitely varied as the changing attire of the earth herself. Recipe books were never used. An imaginative employment of nuts and currants, different sorts of grain, beans and some potatoes and whatever the garden had to offer in the way of salad and fruit and vegetables, was all that was required. The same imagination made fruit wine and flavoured it with herbs and brewed perfectly serviceable ink from vinegar and the petals of poppy flowers. I even had a wooden spoon made especially for me from a chunk of wood, so I discovered how much more warm and alive and responsive wood can be than our usual chill metal.

"We drank exouisite herb teas, with herbs newly gathered from a great variety growing wild in the garden, and we ate a slice of substantial crunchy home-made bread, made each week from fough dough and full-corn meal, ground as required from a big m i l l e r ' s sack in the cellar. I would not myself buy honey from a shop as I fear that animals are inevitably exploited where profit is concerned but I confess that 1 ate with relish in Holland the scented white honey as a gift from the bees who hummed contentedly around the sunbright garden blossoms and carried the sweetness of the flowers home to their hive by the house. In one room upstairs, there was a "honey-slinger" for "slinging" the honey from the honey-combs, whilst another room, pleasantly fragrant, was strewn with herbs laid out to dry for cups of tea in the winter. And, as the evening darkness came and the candles were lit, to shed a light so much gentler than harsh electricity, somebody mightpick up his guitar and make his own music as his heart spoke to h i m " .

Ann Hoose.

SWIFT DECISION. " I saw 'Nationwide' on TV last night: they had an article on eating dormice. Also, Dr. Magnus Pike said that if we were going to be sympathetic about the dormouse, we should also care about our cows and pigs, etc. Due to this, I have decided to become a vegetarian. " , , An Inquirer.

J O Y O U S R E L I E F . "As with other religious experiences, words cannot convey the personal meaning; I can only say that since I have committed myself to the vegan way of life I have experienced a most profound sense of relief and joy".

WORTH IT

Member.

"I don't see anything wrong in eating honey - if you know where it comes from and how it was produced.

It's good to have something sweet when you are giving up sugar because of wasting the Third World's land and because it's not good for you.

But , since the Vegan Society has got stuck with the "no honey" Rule, I gladly give it up so as to be a Full Member of the only organisation I know that is consistently non-violent and against all animal-exploitation."

29.

C L A S S I F I E D

A D V E R T I S E M E N T S .

(Please send to the Secretary, 47 Highlands Rd. Leatherhead, Surrey by Nov. 1st for next issue. Rate 4p a word: box nos. 7p extra).

NOTHING PRINTED IN "THE VEGAN" SHOULD BE CONSTRUED AS THE O F F I C I A L P O L I C Y OF THE VEGAN COUNCIL UNLESS SO STATED AND NO RESPONSIBILITY CAN BE TAKEN F O R CLAIMS OF ADVERTISERS AND ADVERTISED PRODUCTS. V E G F A M feeds the hungry via plant-based foodstuffs, leaf protein, seeds, irrigation, etc.

Trustees, The Sanctuary, Lydford, Okehampton, Devon.

Visitors welcome.

Tel. Lydford 203.

"AHIMSA" (Bi-monthly magazine). Veganism, natural living, non-violence organ of the A m e r i c a l Vegan Society. Annual subscription 3$ or £ 1 . 2 5 .

Write for free sample, booklist, information: American Vegan Society, P . O . B o x H , Malaga, New Jersey, 08328 U . S . A .

The NATURAL HEALTH CLINIC - under the Personal Supervision of the Principal Norman Eddie. The Clinic specialises in the Naturopathic approach to health problems including: Gynaecology, Arthritis, Skin Complaints, Allergies, Gastro-Intestinal and all forms of disease affecting the Nervous System. Why not write or telephone our receptionist for an appointment. The Natural Health Clinic, 133 Gatley R d . , Gatley, Cheadle, Cheshire. Tel. 061 428 4980.

Send SAE for F R E E 'VEGAN COMMUNES NEWSLETTER' to Bob Howes, The Hut, Richmond St., Ashton-u-lyne, Tameside, Manchester.

'HARMONIOUS SIGNS' - for compatible contacts. Astrological chart used to find you that elusive soulmate. Details: 32 Surrey R d . , Reading, Berks.

You must read "RAW EATING" by Aterhov Hovannessian of Iran. It's super: £2.50 p . p . W . C r o n e , Bournemouth BH1 4 ES. SMALLHOLDINGS, F a r m s , Market Gardens, For Sale and Wanted - in England & Wales. Finance arranged. Selection available. Edward Savage & Associates, Auctioneers, Valuers, Surveyors: New Buildings, Trinity Street, Coventry 22048.

FRENCH-SPEAKING F A M I L Y , sympathetic to veganism, required to offer vegan hospitality to 12 yr. old vegan boy to learn French. We offer expenses or return hospitality - Mr. & Mrs. Howard, Hitchin, Herts. England.

YOUNG PERSON R E Q U I R E D to assist in general factory duties and food processing operations under the supervision of vegan staff - write Plantmilk Ltd. P l a m i l H o . , Bowles Well G d n s . , Dover R d . , Folkestone, Kent. (Tel:0303 58588) HUNT SA B O T E U R S .

The young - and not so young - men and women who are risking serious injury and loss of freedom in their efforts to end the degrading "sport" of hunting, are now getting a lot of publicity. Much of it is favourable but some of it is libellous.

Readers are advised to send a S. A. E . (plus extra for printing costs) for leaflets about their a i m s , rules and practices to Hunt Saboteurs, P. O. Box 19, Tollbridge, Kent. They will then be in a better position to learn and to spread the truth about these courageous activists.

Support the SAFE E N E R G Y PETITION. F o r m s asking the Government to divert funds to safer, renewable energy resources, conservation and efficient use of fossil fuels, to phase out nuclear power plants and abandon plans for a fast breeder reactor, can be obtained from: The Safe Energy Petitioners, c / o 19 Cheyne Walk, London SW3 (stamps to help with costs, please).

30.

VEGAN NEWSLETTER. ********************** Vegan Newsletter 13 includes articles on 'living bread', J a i n i s m , life for a vegan in Malta, and Jesus'attitude to the creatures and, as usual, there is correspondence, news, events, and poetry. The 'Contacts List' of readers all over the country that we printed in the previous Newsletter has been well received and there is an updating of this in the latest issue. If you would like a free sample copy of this latest issue, please send a 7p stamp to us at 12 Wray Crescent, London N4 3LP. (Copies of the original 'Contacts List' from Newsletter 12 are also available on request).

As the Newsletter continues to grow in popularity and circulation, we hope that, in the near future, we may be able to print it rather than, as at present, duplicate it. This will give us more scope for introducing art-work which we feel Is an Important part of the Newsletter.

THE VEGAN CAFE (87 Highgate R d . , London NW5; 01 267 Monday to Friday, 5 pm - 8.30 p m , serving a wide variety dishes at low prices. Come and visit the Cafe if you can station is Kentish Town. . .

Malcolm

6223) is open from of vegan wholefood the nearest tube Home.

C L A S S I F I E D A D V E R T I S E M E N T S <cont.)

(Please send to the Secretary, 47 Highlands Rd. , Leatherhead, Surrey by Nov. 1st for next issue. Rate 4p a word: box nos. 7p extra).

NOTHING PRINTED IN "THE VEGAN" SHOULD BE CONSTRUED AS THE O F F I C I A L P O L I C Y OF THE VEGAN COUNCIL UNLESS SO STATED AND NO RESPONSIBILITY CAN BE TAKEN FOR CLAIMS OF ADVERTISERS AND ADVERTISED PRODUCTS. I WANT TO LIVE IN THE COUNTRY with others, serious about what Krishnamurti says. David Curtis, . , Oxford.

RESEARCH P R O J E C T . Will vegans who have been on the diet for 10 years or more please answer a questionnaire? Miss G. S. Da vies, M. Sc. Nutrition, Polytechnic of the Southbank, 58 'Northside Clapham Common, London SW4.

HEALING - NATURE'S NATURAL T H E R A P Y - a limited number of appointments now available - (Central London Clinic). Tel. D . R . Lee 01 570 5704/01 882 6441.

A group of vegans/associate vegans would like to contact others who are interested in DEVELOPING A H O L I D A Y / R E L A X A T I O N RETREAT - country estate style - with specialised library, steam bath and exercise complex etc, for all age groups. If you will support such a worthwhile venture with money, time or any special expertise, please write now in strictest confidence for further details and possible invitation to a discussion about present arrangements and future plans to Box No. 9.

ANIMAL ACTIVISTS FIGHTS A L L ANIMAL ABUSE. Full membership reserved for vegans and vegetarians. Further details P. O. Box 6, Crowborough, Sussex.

D E F E N C E FUND - to help five friends arrested after liberating a number of battery chickens, cheques/P. O. 's should be made payable to the Burgess Hill Five Defence Fund and sent to 386 Portland Rd. ,Hove, Sx. Their only c r i m e was that they cared.

Have you tried LOTUS T. V. P . y e t ? It's good and different: Ask at local Health Food Store or inquire 29-31 St. Luke'sMews, London W l .

A C C O M M O D A FOLKESTONE.

Comfortable Holiday Flatlet: sleeps two.

Mrs. Allen, NEWQUAY.

T ION Self-catering.

, Folkestone 0303 56327.

A c c o m m o d a t i o n and self-catering f a c i l i t i e s a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r up to

three vegans/vegetarians in a cliff-top cottage overlooking the H a r b o u r . evening m e a l optional.

No vacancies August.

M i s s Doney,

Prepared

. , Newquay,

C o r n w a l l TR7 1 E Z .

PERTHSHIRE.

Brook L i n n , C a l l a n d e r .

p r e p a r e d and attractively served. and West Highlands.

M r s . M . Choffin.

BRANKSOME, P O O L E , Dorset.

Vegetarian and Vegan M e a l s carefully

C o m f o r t a b l e Guest House - n e a r T r o s s a c h s Tel. C a l l a n d e r 30103 (SDT 0877).

A c c o m m o d a t i o n offered to v e g a n s / v e g e t a r i a n s ,

n o n - s m o k e r s , holiday o r p e r m a n e n t , self-catering o r half board.

H.Mather,

. , B r a n k s o m e , Poole, BH12 1BG. *

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Tel: H A Y L E 3147 *

Vegetarian/Vegan Holiday Centre overlooking Hayle E s t u a r y .

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C . H. and H. & C. in a l l r o o m s

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S P I R I T U A L H E A L I N G by a r r a n g e m e n t (John B l a c k a l l e r N. F . S. H . )

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B r o c h u r e etc. f r o m vegan P r o p r i e t o r s - John & M i s s H a z e l B l a c k a l l e r . * *

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HEAVY HORSE PRESERVATION SOCIETY. Since the onset of f a r m mechanisation, 999 in 1,000 of o u r f a r m horses have been slaughtered and, t h e i r employment being considered uneconomic, the slaughter s t i l l continues.

The Heavy H o r s e P r e s e r v a t i o n Society begs for donations f o r a rescue fund to buy and c a r e f o r a few of the s u r v i v o r s . Gifts of j e w e l l e r y , old coins, used stamps o r anything else for sale in the Society's shop a r e a l s o w e l c o m e .

So f a r , the Society has bought nineteen horses. This i s the final hour of need for a n i m a l s that have served us a l l so faithfully and so well. Help i s now urgently needed and deeply appreciated.

R . G. Hooper, T r e a s u r e r , Heavy Horse P r e s e r v a t i o n Society, Old R e c t o r y , W h i t c h u r c h , Salop. SY13 1 L F .

32.

f

BEAUTY WITHOUT

CRUELTY

Natural Fragrant Flower Creations PERFUME : ROSE PETAL SKIN F R E S H E N E R A V O C A D O SATIN LOTION : PINE F O A M BATH LOTUS FLOWER S H A M P O O : NAIL LAQUER TOILET SOAPS : DEODORANT FACE POWDER & TALCUM CUCUMBER CLEANSING MILK & AFTER SHAVE NEW:

GENERAL PURPOSE SOAP & WASHING-UP LIQUID

Obtainable from Health Stores or Beauty without Cruelty Boutiques in: LEEDS . LONDON . E D I N B U R G H . DUNDEE & STANFORD (Lincolnshire) BWC, 1 CALVERLY PARK, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT

H

MILK THAT'S NEVER EVER SEEN A COW!

It's 100% vegetable ... made from the soya bean and packed with protein and goodness. Its production involves no exploitation of animals. The flavour is quite deliciousâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;all the family, particularly the children will love it. You can drink it on its own as a super health drink or use it on breakfast cereals, in coffee or tea or in dishes such as milk puddings and custards. What's more it will keep in the can just as long as you want to keep it. A wonderfully versatile and nutritious food ... Golden Archer Beanmilk by Itona. It's at your health food store.

'Golden Archer*

BEANMILK

The

Milk That's 1C0%

Non-Animal

C R A N K S • HCALTH FOODS William Blake Hou« ^ l a r W I Street Lanbn Wl 35 Castle Street ^mUfoni Sumy 13 Fioss Street Dartnumtk Tevpn 35 Hiqh Street - Tittie* - Demi

Also CRANKS RESTAURANT IN HEAL'S. 196 TOTTENHAM COURT RD..

W.l.

CRANKS RESTAURANT, SHINNERS BRIDGE. DARTINGTON. DEVON.

PLAMIL

range is exclusively vegan

PLANTMILK:

DELICE

SA-VREE: CULINARY HERBS and now: — PLANTMILK RICE (unpolished) PUDDING with sultanas.

Please place a regular order with your HEALTH STORE to ensure products always available.

For literature write (s.a.e. please) :

PLANTMILK LTD. Plamil House, Bowles Well Gdns. Kent, Folkestone