The Vegan Autumn 1982

L

ISSN0307-4811

THE

VEGAN

30p

TRIBUTE TO " T H E MAN OF THE T R E E S " Success at the I.V.U. Congress - Vegan in Zimbabwe - The Milk Cup Hospital Food - For Beginners & The Uncertain - Recipes Shopping and Letters

VEGAN SOCIETY

LIMITED

President: Jack Sanderson Deputy President: Serena Coles Vice-Presidents: Eva Batt, Jay Dinshah, Catherine Nimmo Winifred Simmons, Mabel Simmons Council: Eva Batt, Serena Coles, Christopher Hall, Kathleen Jannaway, Jack Sanderson, Grace Smith, Alpay Torgut Treasurer: Grace Smith Hon. Secretary: Kathleen Jannaway, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey Assistant Secretary: Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, nr. Machynlleth, Gwynedd, SY20 9LW, Wales.

SUBSCRIPTIONS:

£2.00 yearly. Additional members at same address and not requiring extra Journal, and unwaged, £1.00. Journal subscriptions only: £1.60 yearly.

Editors of "THE VEGAN" quarterly journal: Jack Sanderson and Kathleen Jannaway (who do not necessarily agree with all opinions expressed in it or endorse advertisements).

Publication dates: 21 March, June, September, December.

Copy dates: 1st of preceding month.

The Vegan Society was formed in 1944 by a group of vegetarians who had become aware of the suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to omit all animal products from their diet. Its advantages as regards human health and the wise use of the world's resources became apparent and in 1964 it was granted Charity status. In 1979 it became a Limited Company and its Charity status was confirmed. Its declared object is "to further knowledge of and interest in sound nutrition and in veganism and the vegan method of agriculture as a means of increasing the potential of the eaftlf to the" pliysicil, moral-and economic advantage of mankind".

Veganism is defined as a way of living on the products of the plant kingdom to the exclusion of flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, animal milk and its derivatives (the taking of honey being left to individual conscience). It encourages the study and use of alternatives for all commodities normally derived wholly or.partly from animals> Free from commitment to any religious, political, philosophical, social, dietary or medical group, members of the Vegan Society endeavour to co-operate with all who are seeking a positive way forward for mankind.

j

The ( transition of THE MAN OF THE TREES' Earlier this summer, in his 93rd active year, Richard St. BarbeBaker passed away from the earth scene after inspiring millions all over the earth with his great enthusiasm for trees, but especially with the need to plant billions of them urgently. No one in all history has done more for trees than Richard; it was as though he was a tree spirit in human form. I was close to him in the Fifties when I had learned to appreciate his uniqueness. But already in the Twenties he was thinking and speaking globally, long before it became recognised as an essential concomitant of survival. The flavour of the man can be sampled from the following appreciation: This address was given by Edward Goldsmith, Editor and Founder of "The Ecologist" at St. John's Smith Square, London SW1 on Wed. 14th July, 1982 on the occasion of A Celebration of the Life and Work of Richard St. Barbe Baker. O.B. E. Hon. LI. D. (Sask.) F. A. I. L.. For. Dip. Cantab.

Richard St. Barbe Baker will always be known as "The Man of the Trees". In Kenya where he was assistant conservator of forests for many years, he was known as Baba Wya Miti, the affectionate father of the trees, also as Bwana Wya Miti, the Master of the trees. In Australia he was often referred to as the King of the Trees, sometimes as the Saint of the Trees, in California he has been called the Redwood Saint.

I like to think of St. Barbe as a prophet, in the Old Testament sense of the term, that is to say, as a wise man, a teacher and an inspirer. Alan Grainger writes of "St. Barbe's unique capacity to pass on his enthusiasm to others." "Many foresters all over the world" Grainger writes "found their vocations as a result of hearing the Man of the Trees speak. I certainly did, but his impact has been much wider than that. Through his global lecture tours, St. Barbe has made millions of people aware of the importance of trees and forests to our planet. He has also done so, of course, via the "Men of the Trees", the association he founded in 1922 and that now has branches throughout the world.

St. Barbe, besides being a wise man, a teacher and an inspirer, was a tireless fighter for the values and ideas that he held to be so important, and on whose acceptance by the world at large, he felt sure, must ultimately hinge, the fate of our planet and of all those who inhabit it. Those who have looked seriously at the problems that we and future generations must face, realise that St. Barbe's values and ideas are quite as important as he made them out to be.

The Global 2000 report to the last president of the United States, for instance., specifically concludes that, of all the problems we are faced with today, deforestation is probably the most serious, particularly in the developing countries. St. Barbe realised this decades ago. to 1954, in Land of Tane, he wrote: "when the trees go, the rain goes, the climate deteriorates, the water table sinks, the land erodes and desert conditions soon appear." What 1

is more, this cannot go on for ever. As. St. Barbe always told us "if a man loses one-third of his skin he dies ; if a tree loses one third of its hark, it too dies" If the Earth is a 'sentient being', would it not be reasonable to expect that, if it loses one third of its trees and vegetable covering, it will also die?

Government scientists in India, Bangladesh and Nepal have now admitted that the only way to stop the terrible floods that every year engulf tens of thousands of villages, drown large numbers of people and their cattle and destroy crops over an ever wider area, is to reafforest the denuded mountains of the Himalayas.

St. Barbe knew decades ago that global reafforestation was essential. He played a key role in persuading the American government during the great depression, to set up its Conservation Corps - with its tens of thousands of otherwise unemployed youths going out into the countryside to plant trees and perform other essential tasks. Today, it is a new world-wide conservation corps that is required. In his book "Green Glory, Forests of the World" he proposed "that all standing armies everywhere be used for the work of essential reafforestation".

He repeated this proposal in "My Life, My Trees": "If the armies of the world, now numbering 22 million, could be redeployed in planting in the desert, in eight years a 100 million people could be rehabilitated and supplied with protein rich food, grown from virgin sand."

But such action, he realised, could not be successful unless we first obtained the full co-operation of local people everywhere. More so, it is they, rather than governments and international institutions, who should take the lead. In the New Earth Charter he writes "We believe in the innate intelligence of the villagers, the country men and the workers, that they should be allowed to manage their own affairs. We believe they will put into their work not merely their hands and their feet, but their brains and their hearts. Each can experience the transcendental joy of creation, and can earn immortality and bestow immortality."

It is for this reason that he was so impressed by the Chipko movement in the Himalayas. At the age of 91 he went there and took part in the struggle of the villagers to protect their forests. In a booklet he helped to write for the movement he recounts how government foresters were sent to persuade the villagers to give up their struggle. The confrontation was recorded in one of the many folk songs of the Chipko movement.

In this particular song the forester asks:"What does the forest bear?" - and answers "Resin, Timber and Foreign Exchange" To this the village women reply in chorus: "What does the forest bear ?

Soil, water and pure air.

Soil, water and pure air Are the basis of our life. " We have here a confrontation between two conflicting world views:2

- The former sees nature as but a source of commodities to be sold on the world market - The latter seesNature as St. Barbe's 'vast sentient being', and as the Chipko villagers put it - "the basis of our life".

- The former reflects the ingenuity of science and technology - The latter - the wisdom that is only embodied, as Eugene Odum, the father of modern ecology admits., in the culture of traditional peoples; the wisdom that itself reflects - as St. Barbe would have put it "The Divine Law and the Laws of Nature" whose violation can only lead to destruction and annihilation.

"Almost everywhere in the world" St. Barbe wrote: "man has been disregarding the Divine Law and the Laws of Nature, to his own undoing. In Ms pride he has rampaged over the stage of the earth, forgetting that he is only one of the players put there to play his part in harmony and oneness with all living things."

St. Barbe realized that, to stop the destruction, we must abandon our present goals and move our society on to a very different course. "Man has lost his way in the jungle of chemistry and engineering" he wrote in "Land of Tane" "and will have to retrace his steps, however painful this may be. He will have to discover where he went wrong and make his peace with nature. In so doing, perhaps he may be able to recapture the rhythm of life and the love of the simple things of life, which will be an ever-unfolding joy to him. " He realised too that if we did not do this soon it would be too late. In the "New Earth Charter" he warned "that this generation may either be the last to exist in any semblance of a civilised world or that it will be the first to have the vision, the bearing and the greatness to say "I will have nothing to do with the destruction of life; I will play no part in this devastation of the land; I am determined to live and work for peaceful construction for I am morally responsible for the world of today and the generations of tomorrow. " What is required is nothing short of a spiritual renewal, a new religious world view and one very much closer to that of our forest dwelling ancestors. To begin with we must learn once again to regard Nature as 'holy', as a vast 'sentient being' - a phrase that occurs again and again in St. Barbe's writings.

St. Barbe undoubtedly saw nature in this way. "It is with a spirit of reverence that I approach God's creation - this beautiful Earth". He wrote "We may climb mountains or wander through field and forest, intoxicated by loveliness through the changing hours and seasons recorded by the length of shadows cast by the trees - and as we watch the pink, coalescent fingers of the dawn reaching up from beneath the dark horizon, so we wait for the sunrise of our awakening to the realisation of our kinship with the earth and all living things. "

3

To view nature as a vast 'sentient being' is to see it alive and imbued with a spirit or a soul just as did our tribal ancestors for hundreds of thousands of years. Today we tend to dismiss this view as archaic, crude or rudimentary, but why as Theodore Rozsack wonders, " should it be thought crude or rudimentary to find divinity brightly present in the world where others find only dead matter or an inferior order of being? " Once we cease to see nature in this way, once we desanctify it - it is in effect condemned. As Rozsack puts it: "the desacralized world is doomed to become an obstacle inviting conquest, a mere object. Like the animal or the slave who is understood to have no soul, it becomes a thing of subhuman status to be worked, used up, exploited."

What was previously our home, our temple, the abode of our gods, and a source of poetic inspiration - becomes but a source of "resin, timber and foreign exchange."

Sadly, we must concede that such an attitude is fully consistent with the ethos of the Great Monotheistic Religions of today.

The abstract deity that we worship is indifferent to the fate of the natural world and offers it no protection against our depredations.

St. Barbe was unquestionably an animist, though we all know of his attachment to the Bahai faith aiiJ to the Christianity of his youth. I actually posed the question to him on one of the three afternoons I spent with him in Auckland just before his departure on his final world tour. "Do you agree" I asked him " that we, in the ecological movement, must all be animists?". He answered "Yes, that is why I so much admire the work of the people at Findhorn. " He also recited to me those lines by Stanton Coblentz on the spirits of the redwoods which those who knew him well must have heard many times.

I think that could the weary world but know Communion with these spirits breathing peace Strangely a veil would lift, a light would glow And the dark tumult of our lives would cease.

If the world is eventually moved by St. Barbe's inspiration and is converted by his teachings, if it adopts his strategies and eventually becomes imbued too with that animistic world view that he has preached, to what sort of world would this lead? St. Barbe described his utopia very clearly. "I picture village communities of the future" he wrote "living in valleys protected by sheltering trees on the high ground. They will have fruit and nut orchards and live free from disease and enjoy leisure, liberty and justice for all, living with a sense of their oneness with the earth and with all living things.

This is a beautiful vision. Some may think it wildly unrealistic. I do not think so. I think, on the contrary, that it is a far more realistic goal than that towards which present policies are supposed to be taking us. The vision of 4

St. Barbe may or may not be realized - but it could be. The only obstacles to its realization are man-made ones. They are comparatively trivial.

The vision of Milton Friedmann and Herman Kahn - that which is implicit to the World view of Science, Technology and Industry on the other hand, can only conceivably be realised if, as Paul Ehrlich put it - we start off by repealing the very laws of Biology and Ecology - the laws of God as opposed to those of industrial man.

Ben Sira, author of the apocryphal book of Ecclesiasticus praised great teachers "Their fame", he wrote "shall eclipse the immediate triumph of kings and conquerers , their bodily death counts for nothing - indeed it should be celebrated since great ideas must live forever."

Of course it is difficult to agree that the death of a . Barbe counts for nothing.

He was a unique figure whom we shall never replace. Nevertheless I feel sure that in death, as in life, he will continue to teach and to inspire us. It is up to us, his disciples and his friends, to celebrate the life and work of Richard St. Barbe Baker. It is up to us too to carry on the fight - as tirelessly as he did in the past; to assure that his vision be realized and his ideas live for ever. (published by kind permission of Edward Goldsmith) There are so many valuable points in the above address which we can take up later, but what can be more topical than the idea of a Conservation Corps of thousands of otherwise unemployed men and women planting trees and tackling the world's deserts and wasted uplands. Surely the armed forces of the world could also work together on such projects instead of wasting our substance on explosives.

Richard has consistently stressed the vital importance of the tree population in enriching the soil and providing pure water and pure air. These are basic facts which we ignore at our peril.

Perhaps the secret of his life was that he saw the earth as a sentient being, Nature as holy, and himself as a server, a mouthpiece for the trees. Just to think of him is an inspiration and I know that I shall always share his vision.

Now he is a free soul, free to inspire us all whenever we think of 'his beloved earth and trees.'

J. Sanderson St. Barbe first contributed to "The Vegan" in 1950- an article on chestnut trees (see our remarkable cover illustration by Jack Jannaway) since when he has been a frequent contributor. He became a Life Associate of the Vegan

Society in 1973 and has lived as near to the vegan ideal as he could on his regular world travels.

The name of the movement he founded is"Men of the Trees", Crawley Down, Crawley, ' Sussex.

s e c r e t a r y ' S PAGE INDOMITABLE SERVERS Firstly I have to report the news of accidents to two of our most active and faithful workers. Eva Batt has been laid low with a bad back for over two months and Serena Coles was knocked down by a bicycle in Ulm where she was representing the Vegpn Society at the International Vegetarian Union Congress.

Serena is suffering from a broken shoulder and collar bone, and from injuries to her mouth. I need not say thatboth are bearing their injuries with their usual indomitable spirit. Cards assuring them of our loving concern can be sent but nothing that requires answering. Both must rest so that they can recover as soon as possible.

Eva's invaluable but time consuming and often tedious work with Commodities has been taken on by Linda Emptage, 40 Harold Road, Cliftonville, Kent. You can depend completely on her co-operation and reliability. Help her all you can by sending queries to manufacturing companies yourself - the more letters they get, the more worth while will it be seen for them to produce vegan products. When you write to Linda please be careful to write clearly and to enclose a stamped addressed envelope. She is most willing to correspond with people having difficulties.

SERENA'S CONTRIBUTION We can be thankful that Serena's accident happened at the very end of her stay in Ulm, where her devoted and energetic presence obviously made a great impression. There can be no doubt that her spirit, her commitment, her long service - ever since the war when she brought up her son as one of the first life vegan children- her witness in the various countries to which she has so willingly travelled, have paid a considerable part in bringing about the world wide change in attitude to veganism that we are happy to report in the following pages.

LORD HOUGHTON'S BELL This amendment to the Pet Animal's Act 1951 bans street sales of animals, where stolen animals can be sold, sometimes to vivisection laboratories,and where all are exposed to considerable discomfort and stress. Readers are asked to put the maximum pressure on M. P. s to be present at the reading and to vote in favour of the amendment.

THE ANIMALS FILM This is to be shown on the new T. V. Channel, Channel 4, on the evening of November 16th. Please do your best to get the maximum number of viewers.

6

I.V.U. Congress

Seven hundred people from twenty-five countries attended the International Vegetarian Union Congress held at Ulm on the Danube from July 22nd to August 1st. The gathering was well reported in the German press and on television and radio.

Vegans who travelled from England were Serena Coles, Dennis Jones and Margaret Ploger and, from Northern Ireland, came Brian and !Margaret Gunn-King with their two daughters, Sita and Venetia. The Vegan Society posters and literature stall attracted much attention. The leaflets, translated into German, French and Spanish, were in great demand, all the booklets were sold out, and Serena returned with a long list of orders.

The vegan film and the paper read by Serena attracted one of the largest audiences (over 600 people) and earned a long and enthusiastic ovation.

The queue for 'entirely vegan' food was considerably longer than that for 'vegan with a few dairy product extras'. Dennis Jones remarked that he met 'lots of committed vegans', and that 'the word veganism' was on everyone's lips. It was altogether a cheering occasion for those who had taken 'the further step.'

The theme of the Conference was "For Peace in a Humane World", and the paper read by Serena stressed the importance of the compassionate vegan way towards a better future for all life. Called "Towards a Healthier Future" it is to be published in German (translated by Margaret Ploger). Extracts are given below: TOWARDS A HEALTHIER FUTURE "Life expectancy has increased considerably during the last 150 years, mainly due to a decline in infant and toddler mortality and to the control of infectious diseases, but positive good health of body, mind and spirit is a condition enjoyed by comparatively few. Degenerative diseases have increased alarmingly, affecting ever younger people, drastically reducing their joy in living, even if they escape early death. Heart and vascular diseases, cancers and mental disorders are just a few of the major scourges that bring misery to millions and to their families who have to watch them suffer. In addition, iatrogenic diseases and the serious side effects of violent drugs based on the violence of vivisection are on the increase, and undermine people's faith in the medical services.

But the wind of change is blowing! A rapidly increasing number of people are realising that the diseases from which we suffer are caused by the human activities that are degrading the air we breathe, the water we drink, the soil in whica our food is grown and the whole environment, physical and spiritual in which we live. Above all, perhaps, our emotional reactions to the challenge of living in this increasingly dangerous twentieth century determines our health.

Official bodies reflect and confirm changing attitudes. The Department of Health and Social Security in Britain, the McGovern Committee in America knd 7

similar authorities in other countries are teaching that, by changing our life styles, we could drastically reduce the number of heart attacks.

In America, the huge campaign launched by the Nixon administration 'to conquer cancer in ten years' has had to admit the failure of its methods based on vivisection. Instead computers are to be used to analyse the life styles of cancer patients, in the hope of revealing a pattern of causes.

Similar examples of a growing interest in such approaches could be quoted from countries all round the world. Everywhere also faith in non-violent, holistic, self-help healing methods is growing.

The challenge goes out to us all not only to consider our own life styles but to support with constant endeavour the many groups that are working to prevent further environmental damage, to improve conditions throughout the world, and to inspire people everywhere to respond positively to the opportunities as well as the dangers of the nuclear age. Unselfish service to all life will create a healthier future for all.

Undoubtedly one of the most important, probably the most important environmental factor influencing health is diet. About this we can all do something for both ourselves and other people. Generally speaking the food available to people is determined far more by the vested interests of marketing companies, growers and processors than by considerations of health. Moreover, we can only choose wisely if we have reliable knowledge. This is not easy to come by. Often that which passes for knowledge is based on prejudice, determined by habit, by advertisements, by enthusiasms that have little evidence to support them. The scientific method, that is - the testing by truly relevant experiments and application of hypotheses arising from inspiration and experience, leads to truth.

However; the science of nutrition is very young and research in its sphere, as in medicine, has been distorted by limited mechanistic values, by vested interests and by wrong methods using vivisection. A s a contribution towards a healthier future for all, we wish to put before you the results of a long term, truly motivated experiment in human nutrition - that conducted by members of the Vegan Society during the last thirty eight years."

(There followed details of the vej^n movement that are too well known to readers of "The Vegan" and of the Vegan Society booklets to reproduce here. After dealing with the formation of the society springing from a realisation of the cruel exploitation of cows, calves and hens, details were given of the healthy diet that has evolved in the experience of the Society, of the research results confirming the general healthiness of veganism, and of its advantages as compared with lacto-ovo-vegetarianism as regards heart and circulatory diseases, allergies and the benefits accruing from higher fibre intakes.)

"There is a growing belief among doctors and other practitioners as well as sufferers that the vegan diet has a curative as well as a preventive role to play as regards a variety of disorders. Encouraging results are being obtained in the alleviation of people suffering from heart and circulatory diseases, cancers, 8

arthritis, diabetes, multiple sclerosis and other disorders. How far the successes achieved are due to direct physical effects and how far the psychological factors, it is impossible to say. We believe that the human race carries a great burden of guilt as a result of its cruel treatment of other creatures. As the cruelty increases through intensive rearing methods, as the success of the vegan way of life makes it apparent that animal exploitation cannot be excused on the grounds of necessity, it becomes more difficult to suppress guilt. Suppressed guilt undermines our resistance to physical disorders as surely as any other form of stress , and bodies succumb in areas where, by heredity, they are weakest.

Many stay imprisoned in predatory living because they cannot bear to let themselves become too conscious of the suffering of millions of highly sentient creatures in. factory farms and slaughterhouses. If only they could realise that escape into a much fuller life is theirs once they face the horrors, free themselves from dependence on them and throw themselves unreservedly into the struggle to rid the world of them. People describe the joy and sense of well-being that comes when they adopt the vegan way: FAITH IN COMPASSION MAKES US WHOLE. Many people are turning to support a trend to veganism because of its relevance to the world food problem. It is commonly said today that enough food is grown to feed adequately all the world's people - that so many millions go underfed simply because they haven't the money to buy the food available. This is very true; unjust distribution - much through the bodies of animals - rather than real scarcity is a major cause of hunger. It is also true that enough primary plant food could be grown to feed far more than the present population of the world. However, it would be impossible to grow the 5 or 10 times as much that would be necessary to feed the animals that would be required to provide all people with a Western type diet based on meat and milk. At present Western eating habits have great prestige value. As development proceeds in the world who is going to tell the masses of the people that they must keep to a near vegan diet, while the privileged keep their animal products? Already, within the poor countries, the rich elite are eating according to Western patterns, thus depriving their own people of basic foodstuffs.

The trend must be reversed. We must spread the knowledge that a properly balanced vegan diet is not only healthy but can be produced much more economically and in sufficient abundance to feed all. We cannot do this unless we practise what we preach. The revolution of rising expectations among the world's poor is a major threat to world peace and stability. It can only be averted if we, the privileged, voluntarily stop using more than our fair share of the world's resources. We must, by our life style, lend prestige, not to greed and luxury and the cruel exploitation and social injustice on which they so often depend, but to disciplined and compassionate living.

Motivated by disinterested compassion the vegans have performed on themselves a long term experiment in human nutrition. Results have now been 9

objectively tested and evaluated. They show that vegan living can be not only healthy but healthier in respect to those diseases of affluence which the world can afford less and less as the human population grows. By adopting the truly economical vegan life styles we can improve our own health and, at the same time, give prestige to a way of life that is possible for all the world's people, and relieve the animal kingdom of immense suffering. " Serena ended with a ringing challenge: - "By the time we meet again the trend towards veganism will have accelerated. The pioneer work has been done.

Please continue it, and help to make this planet into a realm of peace and love."

Her listeners responded with prolonged clapping, and gathered round to ply her with questions for several hours!

Let us hope that they will return to their various countries with strengthened commitment to work for a humane world for, in Albert Schweitzer's wellknown words: UNTIL HE EXTENDS THE CIRCLE OF HIS COMPASSION TO ALL LIVING THINGS, MAN WILL NOT HIMSELF FIND PEACE. „ ti. J. T

M E E T I N G S OF O T H E R S O C I E T I E S October lst-3rd (Friday - Sunday ) Roughmoor Centre. Nr. Swindon, Wilts.

Weekend organised by BREAKTHROUGH TRUST - a charity that promotes integration between deaf and hearing people. Cost, including return transport from London - £22.00 for the weekend. 20 places only. Details: Breakthrough Trust, London Centre, 66/68 Greenwich South Street, London SE10 8UN. October 20th - Wednesday: Lecture: "SELF RESPONSIBILITY - STRESS AND HOW TO DEAL WITH IT" by Gilbert Anderson, L. N. C. P., at Friends House, Euston Road, NW1 at 6.30 p. m. Details and tickets from The Nature Cure Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, London, Wl. November 13th - Saturday: A. G. M. of The Nature Cure Clinic Ltd. followed by talks by Jean Pink of Animal Aid and Dr. Hugh Cox, a G. P. from High Wycombe.

Vegan Lunch. Tickets for food and talks £2.00 from the Clinic. Event taking place at 21 Portland Place, Wl. Further details from the Clinic, address above.

December 5th - Sunday: Earls Court, London. Demonstration at opening of the Smithfield Show. Details: Vegetarian Society, 53Marloes Road, London W8.

December 9th - Thursday 6.30 p.m. at the Nature Cure Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, London, Wl (5 mins. Baker Street Station) Demonstration of preparation of Gluten/Grain free Diet and sample meal. Details s.a. e. Miss L. Latham, c/o The Nature Cure Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, London W1M 3AL. 10

VEGAN IN ZIMBABWE

t

Isaac Menashe In any part of the world diet is influenced by the physical environment and by the people's knowledge, beliefs and customs. In Zimbabwe cattle tend to be the main source of protein for both the rural and urban population. In those areas where cattle cannot survive due to tsetse fly the people rely on sheep and goats and other animals for their protein.; they are more resistant to the disease transmitted by the bite of the tsetse fly.

Among the rural population of Zimbabwe cattle are the pivot of life. They are used to satisfy a great number of needs. First and foremost they are regarded as the most essential source of wealth. A person's wealth and social status are determined by the number of head of cattle in his possession. Cattle are used as a source of food primarily in the supply of milk. Meat is obtained mainly when a beast dies or is killed for ceremonial purposes. In years of drought cattle may be exchanged for grain, or they may be killed for meat.

Cattle are also the bulwark of agriculture in the rural areas - they plough the fields, pull the carts and provide manure. Cattle play a vital role in the rural society and to be without cattle would be almost inconceivable.

In the urban areas, those who can afford it include meat in each meal of the day.

Even the less well off consume someform of meat (e.g. tripe and offal) every day, as the price of meat is relatively low and well within the reach of the vast majority of urban dwellers.

Among rural dwellers a 1979 survey showed that the daily food consumption per family (of about 7) included on average 610g. of meat and fish, 380g. poultry, 3 | eggs and one litre of milk. This survey was conducted at the height of the war of Independence (during which a million head of cattle died), when such food wasn't as easily available as now. These figures show that even among the poorer sections of the population animal food products are consumed regularly and are highly desirous. Thus Zimbabwe is essentially a meateating nation. It is incredibly difficult to convince people to discontinue their meat consumption - particularly when it is part of one's culture and tradition, and quite ofen the only source of protein.

A lot of money is made in this country from the exploitation of animals. The cattle industry is as 'advanced' as any in the developed countries. A new scheme was recently announced for the local production of Ethyl Concentrate Feed (E. C. Feed), which will make Zimbabwe the world's second source of such feed! E. C. Feed is a rare animal stimulant which increases lambing and calving rates, as well as increasing animal weight during winter periods. It also contributes towards higher weaning and milk production, while increasing resistance to disease.

Apart from the cattle industry we have such things as crocodile farms, where crocodiles are reared for their hides to be transformed into handbags; the 11

young of wild animals are exported to foreign countries to be part of circuses or zoos; 'ranching' of game animals which includes their 'cropping' in the same way as cattle. 'Efficient' operations ensure very little is wasted - curios are made from horns and hooves, and hides are tanned. These game ranches also derive their income from sport hunting. Ideas are being aired at the moment for taming of buffaloes for food and work purposes.

Despite the above facts it has not been difficult for me to practise veganism in Zimbabwe. I turned to vegetarianism five years ago while living in England, but a year later I became a vegan as the logical development to my original reasons for accepting vegetarianism as a way of life. During this period I became fully aware of the distressing exploitation of animals, and the uneconomic and wasteful process of food production that is employed worldwide. On returning to Zimbabwe I felt well equipped mentally to continue with my beliefs and way of life as I had already become a committed vegan while in England.

The vegan diet in Zimbabwe can be a very healthy one. Vegetables and pulses are plentiful throughout the year and wide varieties of both are available. These can easily be supplemented with vegetables grown in one's garden. The soya bean is promoted as a good source of protein but at present it is only grown in relatively small quantities. Soya products, such as T. V. P . , are virtually unheard of and very rarely seen in Zimbabwe. The vegan in Zimbabwe needs to supplement hisAer diet with vitamin B12 tablets, as this vitamin is not added in any locally produced foods as it is in the U. K. (e. g. Barmene and Plamil).

Although Zimbabweans are largely a meat eating nation there is a growing awareness of man's selfish exploitation of animals. Organisations such as Beauty Without Cruelty, Wildlife Conservation and Anti-Vivisectionists do exist and they help to draw people's attention to the unjust and cruel use of animals.

(We very much hope that other members from overseas - we have members in 36 countries - will send us accounts of how they fere as vegans. J. S. & K. J.) THE FIRST ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE EXHIBITION This new venture was held on the weekend of 17th-18th of July at the new Kensington Exhibition Centre in We.st London.

With the deepening crisis in allopathic medicine and the growing public aware, ness of its side effects, interest in alternative or complementary medicine is increasing rapidly. More people are seeking simpler ways to positive health rather than just treating symptoms, and many feel that animal researched drug therapy is the wrong way to seek health. Others too feel that healing should treat the whole man and not just the body. All types of alternative healing methods were represented , and the Vegan Society had an attractive stall which was besieged for most of the two days by an interested public, many of whom, I suspect, were attracted by the enthusiastic staff on the stall. The exhibition was very well attended in spite of the train strike, and very well received by those who attended. Many visitors expressed their appreciation, saying how helpful they found it and how they hoped it would be repeated.

Jack Sanderson.

12

W I

M I ÂŤ

0?

by Lawrence Main The 1982/83 football season sees a new tournament with its climax next spring at Wembley Stadium - "The Milk Cup". The short-lived Football League Cup (not to be confused with the historic F. A. Cup) was conceived just over 20 years ago as a way of earning extra money for the clubs and players who were already 'milking' the footballing public for over-generous wages. Now that sponsorship has at last gained such a hold on our national game, some feel relief that football has, at least, avoided the evils of tobacco and alcohol. Milk is seen to be a "clean, healthy" alternative. In itself, football is an excellent source of pleasure and healthy exercise to many people all over the world. It is sickening, therefore, to see the game insulted by the blind greed of its guardians.

Even worse, our young generation is being led further down a path of unthinking, concealed violence.

Milk was not part of the human diet (and then only of some humans:) until 6,000 8,000 years ago, when men first "made friends" with the aurochs, the ancestor of the modern cow. This period of time hardly qualifies it as man's "natural food". Readers who wonder what will happen to all the animals when humans no longer cruelly exploit and slaughter them, should note that the auroch soon became extinct, to be replaced with cattle bred for man's convenience. These first dairy-herds seem to have been bred in the "fertile crescent" of the bible lands. Over-grazing has made this region far from fertile today! No doubt the spread of dairy-farming was linked with the Age of Taurus (approx. 4,000 2,000 B. C.), with the modern Spanish bull-fights - a grizzly relic of such times.

The cows seem to have led an open air life, however, with their calves. Virgil was noted for not drinking cow's milk if it meant depriving the calf. On the whole, Ancient Rome seems to have preferred wine to milk, just as Caesar's soldiers complained if their normal rations of pulses and grains had to be replaced with meat. Ghenghis Khan's hordes, however, lived off milk and even developed dried milk for iron rations.

Until recently nearly all cattle were bred for beef, or beef and milk, and purely dairy herds arrived about the same time as the British Dairy Farmers' Association, was formed in 1876, which was also the year of the first London Dairy Show. The National Milk Publicity Council was formed in 1920, a decade when Pope Pius XI observed "milk is one of the most marvellous and most precious products of nature which the Almighty has placed at the disposal of mankind. " This view of milk and mankind's disposal of it was further promoted by the formation of the Milk Marketing Board in 1933, whence began the era of the slogan writers, so feared by the honest George Orwell. The second world war encouraged the horrors of maximum exploitation, with artificial insemination techniques being perfected. The milk-maid had, of course, already been replaced by another rubber tube to add insult to the cow's injury.

The new welfare state proceeded to give tj pint of milk free to every school-child every school-day, until 1968, with the support of doctors who seemed unaware of 13

the work of Dr. Hugh Sinclair and others, linking animal fats with heart disease. The dairy industry had a captive market and the principle of state subsidies to dairy farmers was enshrined. Close supervision was needed for the scheme to succeed. In 1961, percentages varied from 87.8% of children drinking the milk provided at a closely supervised school of under 200 pupils to only 45% at a school of 900 where teachers seemed less keen on the idea.

Bribery was added to compulsion in many cases by giving milk just before, rather than during playtime. Did boys ever need such encouragement to raid an orchard for apples and other examples of man's natural food?

By 1968, milk consumption had risen to 53% above that of 1938 as a result of such slogans as "Drinka Pinta Milka Day", dreamed up in March 1958. Housewives were bombarded with reminders to order more milk "for the weekend," "during the school holidays", "for cooking" and as a "regular habit". The first step in a movement to link milk with sport was the "signing-up" of cricketer Godfrey Evans in 1956, while footballer John Charles testified that "milk scores every time" and, in 1963, Manchester United started a tradition of toasting their F. A. Cup Final victory in milk drunk from the cup itself. By 1965 the total expenditure by both the National Milk Publicity Council and the Milk Marketing Board on advertising was ÂŁ1,600,000 with ÂŁ1,000,000 of this spent on television commercials. The figure for 1982 is over seven million pounds. If anybody asks how the government should find the money to plant more deciduous trees in our over-grazed uplands, the answer's obvious!

The fact that cow's milk needs such expensive advertising should lead anybody to question whether the said product is really any good - or is it all just "a lot of bottle"? Perhaps it is no coincidence that the Vegan Society was formed in 1944, when the worst aspects of modern dairy farming were being pioneered.

Our resources are tiny when compared to those of the dairy industry, but our cause has something that the huge vested interests can never have - justice.

Not only is the cruel exploitation of the cow and the calf wrong, so is the insidious advertising upon which it must rely. As Abraham Lincoln remarked " You can fool some of the people all of the time, you can fool all of the people some of the time, but you can't fool all of the people all of the time: Reference: Alan Jenkins' "Drinka Pinta", published by Heinemann in 1970 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the National Milk Publicity Council.

CONSERVING CRUELTY Two of our members were shocked, on visiting a well known Conservation Centre advertised in our sister publication, that farm animals were being callously exploited. Another member writes about an 'appliance' advertised in a small holder's catalogue - a spiked muzzle to attach to a calf's nose so that when "the little milk thief " attempted to drink from its mother it pricked her and was kicked away. Such distorted insensitivity must be exposed and challenged.

14

Notes on HOSPITAL FOOD

For various reasons, even vegans have to enter hospital sometimes, and I think my own experiences may be useful to others.

I was advised not to write in advance regarding my diet, but to take with me a list of acceptable and non-acceptable foods. This I did, handing it in on admission and mentioning briefly but firmly that I was a vegan. The list was neatly typed and I kept a carbon copy. Here it is, as a guide to others, though naturally each patient will make modifications:Name of Patient and Ward Number: Strict vegetarian (vegan). No meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, butter, cheese, yoghourt, or any other animal food, or foods containing them.

ACCEPTABLE

UNACCEPTABLE

Any raw, ripe f.ruit. Dried fruit such as prunes or raisins.

Raw salad vegetables without dressing Plain cooked vegetables without fat (or with pure vegetable oil) (Especially fond of potatoes) Pulses (beans, peas and lentils) Marmite Wholemeal bread Shredded Wheat, Weetabix, All Bran Porridge oats, raw or as porridge (made without milk, of course)

Fruit stewed with sugar, Mixed-up salads with mayonnaise or vinegar Vegetables prepared with margarine or with fats other than vegetable oil

Bovril White bread Sugary cereals Margarine Tea, Coffee, Cocoa, squash (I have brought with me herbal tisanes, fruit and vegetable juice) * I have with me my own nut spread to put on bread which also adds some protein (most vegans would probably take a vegan margarine: Tomor or Vitaquel) and soya milk for use on cereals or to drink.

At the foot of this list I outlined in detail my usual menus for the three meals of the day to give them an idea of my normal diet.

I mentioned that this was 'for their information' as I did not expect to get just what I have at home. Staffs are too busy to go to a lot of extra trouble, and one should not expect them to do so.

After a while, the dietician came to see me and we discussed what I could accept and which items I would provide for myself. A good basic knowledge of nutrition is useful here so that the dietician recognises your ability to balance meals yourself.

15

#

Each day I ticked any items on the general menu which I might have, crossing out (for instance) "Ham Salad" and writing in "Green Salad". The salads were crisp and varied and there was fruit of some kind at each meal. Cooked vegetables were overcooked and some had to be rejected, being tossed in some unacceptable fat. Some days I had salad twice instead of cooked vegetables.

Nuttolene was supplied on a number of occasions and "Sosmix" fritters twice, but I would strongly recommend anyone going into hospital to take a basic supply of suitable vegan protein foods especially for the first two days. When a meal seemed to lack protein I produced a small tin of Granose Soya Beans in Tomato Sauce or sprinkled on a few ground nuts or used some of our home-made nut spread (this also supplies some fat.)

As regards 'energy' foods (carbohydrates), potatoes, boiled or baked, were frequently served. I happen, also, to like Shredded Wheat and this could be supplied on request either at breakfast, to use with my soya milk, or at any other meal when I wished it. I found it nicer than their "brown" sliced bread.

My private locker-pantry was stocked as follows:Basic nut spread (cashews, etc. and sunflower oil pounded together) Raisins, and a small jar in which to soak them Tinned soya beans Packet of biscuits Soya milk (one spare packet and an opened one in hospital 'fridge) Herbal tisanes, fruit and vegetable juices (orange juice was sometimes supplied by the hospital) and coffee substitute.

Fruit (I started with lib. apples and lib. bananas as a reserve.

Fruit supplied by the hospital was eaten if ripe, otherwise exchanged with basic supply until it was. A basic supply also saves bothering staff if they forget to bring any fruit.

Three times special soup was provided for me and everyone accepted my being a little different. One of the nurses was a vegetarian and another asked for literature. I made a good recovery and remembered to thank the staff for the trouble they had taken. Following the above plan the meals were enjoyable and adequate.

Last words of advice: Be firm in principle, grateful for whatever appears, and remember the nurses have a lot more to do than running after you P yMabel Cluer 8

e c l a l l

- an informal magazine for vegans and sympathisers in which readers share their views and ideas. Subscription ÂŁ2.00 for 4 issues - 5Op single issue from Gincroft Lane, Edenfield, Ramsbottom, Bury Lanes. BLO 0 JW. 16

A.G.M. 1982 As announced in the Simmer 1982 "Vegan", the third Annual General Meeting of the Vegan Society Ltd. will be held at Friends Meeting House, 52 St Martin's Lane, Westminster (near Traflagar & Leicester Square Stations) on Saturday October 23rd at 2.30 p. m.

Notice of intention to propose members to serve on the Council and as Officers of the Society, in writing and signed by a member, must be received by the Secretary at 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey, not less than three days and not more than twenty one days before the A. G. M. and must be accompanied by a note from the person nominated expressing his or her willingness to be

elected.

R E P O R T S FROM LOCAL GROUPS We hope that all local groups who want to report on their activities will be able to do so. It is a great help to hear of other people's successes and difficulties.

Please let Kathleen Jannaway know well beforehand if you want time allocated to you.

B U F F E T AND S O C I A L T I M E After the business meetin ce Smith ) knoww ould ready-to-serve condition, i. e. laid out attractively on plates and protected by large plastic bags. This especially applies to the salad and fruit items which we hope some members will bring. There will be no facilities at the Meeting House to wash salad, to spread rolls or to cut savouries or cakes into portions. We hope to have time to arrange all the food brought on a long table and to photograph it. The photographs can then be used for publicity work.

So do your best with your contribution, and let Grace know in good time what you are going to bring. Drinks will be provided.

About 6 o'clock members will gather again to hear a lecture by: Dr. Gill Langley, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S.M., M.I.Biol.

Some readers will remember her "Vegans First: Scientists Second" and her account of her and Chris Langley's vegan wedding in the Winter '79 "Vegan".

(The former is reproduced in "The Vegan Way"- see page 24. Dr. Langley is now General Secretary of the Dr. Hadwen Trust for Humane Research.

The subject of her lecture will be THE EATING REVOLUTION : TOWARDS THE VEGAN IDEAL For the last hour there will be an opportunity to relax with the help of from Ross Kane's group. Some members will remember her at Birmingham during the 1976 AGM. We must leave the Meeting House in good order by 9.p. m.i 17

LENTIL MOULDS 8 ozs. red lentils 2 ozs. vegetable fat Half-pint cold water 1 heaped teasp. yeast extract 1 teasp. sage, basil or marjoram seasoning Pick over lentils and wash them in cold water. Put half a pint of cold water into a heavy pan and add lentils. Put on lid and bring slowly to the boil.

Stir once, replace lid and leave for 20 minutes, by which time the lentils should be soft and fluffy. Stir in remaining ingredients. Beat until smooth and put into a greased basin or small moulds. Turn out when cold. Slice and serve with salad and wholemeal rolls, or use in sandwiches.

For decoration, bits of red and/or green pepper, tomato, parsley, etc. may be placed at the bottom of the mould before putting in lentil mixture.

PISSAREI E FA SO (Veganisation of a local dish from Piacenza, Italy) 3 large onions 1 dsp. tomato puree 1 small green pepper 1 cup wholewheat pasta lTblsp dried basil h " dried beans (e. g. red kidney, 1 small cup chopped parsley ^ pinto) stock for thinning Chop onions and pepper roughly and cook in oil with basil until soft. Blend (in blender) and add some stock. Return to saucepan and cook until wellcooked. Add tomato puree, parsley, beans and their water, and pasta. Cook for a further half an hour, or until pasta soft. Add stock at any time if too thick.

(Quantities and timing very flexible.)

Maggi Curati for

c o o k i n g

gTUFFED MARROW (4 Servings) Medium size marrow, peeled and de-seeded small block Tofu or pulp from small red or green pepper, finely chopped soya bean milk or soya cheese medium onion, finely chopped teasp. basil 4 ozs. sliced tomato salt and pepper 2 Tabs, oil Place the split marrow in a well greased casserole dish and start to soften it in the oven whilst preparing the filling: Cook the diced vegetables, sunflower seeds, tomatoes and seasonings in the oil, until soft. If a little sloppy you can thicken it with cornmeal. Dice the tofu (* or 'cheese') and stir it in.

Place the mixture in the partially cooked marrow shel 1 s and return to the oven for about half an hour. .... _ ,. .

Hilary Craddock See Introduction to Practical Veganism" - Publication page 24 K. J. +

#

18

STUFFED AUBERGINES: 2 large aubergines 3 large tomatoes 1 large onion 1 clove garlic 1 tsp. parsley seasoning herbs to taste 1 dsp. oil Scoop out flesh, leaving some around edges. Salt and leave 20 mins. Fry flesh and other ingredients in oil until soft. Cool and stuff. Place oil and wee drop of water in baking tray and cook in medium oven for one hour.

(No name given) CA ROB-NUT BROWNIES:

(American cup measures are followed by their approximate equivalents.)

Sift together: ยฃ cup (3 oz) chopped dates and/or | cup (3i oz.) wholewheat flour raisins 2 Tblsp. soy flour 1 cup warm water (8 fl. oz. /225 ml) \ tsp. salt (pref. Biosalt) soaked in: (4 pt. = 10 fl. oz.)

1 heaped tsp. baking powder \ cup oil (4 fl. oz.) (10 Tblsp.) ยง cup carob powder (3 rounded Tblsp.)

1 tsp. vanilla essence f cup (3 oz) sunflower seeds 1 tsp. agar agar i cup (2a oz) peanuts (pref. lightly toasted) Stir liquids into solids: (If no blender is available, soak the fruit, well chopped up, in the specified amount of warm water in a screw-top jar for at least half an hour, shaking from time to time. ) Spread in oiled and floured baking tray, approx. 9" x 9". Bake at Gas M. 3 (325 F. A70 C.) for about 30 mins. or until fork comes out clean.

FRUIT PUDDING : Stir in: Sift together: i cup (1 oz) sunflower seeds 2 cups (9 ozs.) wholewheat flour $ cup (lj ozs) assorted chopped nuts 5 cup (2| ozs.) soy flour (hazelnuts very suitable) 1 tsp. baking powder 1 cup (6 ozs.) raisins (make sure 2 tsp. cinnamon they don't "clump" | tsp. nutmeg 2 cups finely grated carrot (2 large) Liquidize : (or stir together as above) -$ cup (2 ozs.) chopped dates, soaked in: 2 tsp. vanilla essence 2 tsp. agar agar i j cups (12 fl. ozs.) warm water i cup oil (4 fl. ozs.) (lO Tblsp.)

Stir liquids into solids (makes a very stiff consistency mixture). Press gently (so as not to lift the flour) into an oiled and floured baking tray, approx. 9" x 12".

Bake at gas M. 3 (325FA70C) for about 30 mins. or until fork comes out clean.

Andrea Granville 19

f o r B e g i n n e r s S the U n c e r t a i n . .

We have a lot of new members joining the Society: some are asking for more guidance than is given in our leaflets and recipe books. They want especially information about how much they should eat of the different foodstuffs and how to plan menus to get proper balance. Some are concerned about the cost of vegan food, about the time and trouble it takes to prepare, about managing for themselves alone without or within a family, and with limited facilities.

These difficulties can affect especially the elderly and a considerable number of our new members are elderly. Retirement can well be a time of re-assessing priorities and determining to use newly acquired freedom to reach after ideals that have, too often, been pushed aside in the 'nine to five grind'. The discipline of a new diet based on compassion can do much to strengthen such resolves, but old age has its special problems.

It is difficult to be definite about quantities because people vary considerably in their needs, in their ability to use the nutrients in various foodstuffs, and in their general circumstances.

The menus that follow are worked out to reach near to the Recommended Intakes published in 1969 by the Department of Health and Social Security for men and women over retirement age. Next quarter we hope to publish economical menus suitable for the growing family. Many people criticize the Recommended Intakes for being too high, but it should give confidence to people who have hitherto been dominated almost entirely by habit and their palate to know that they can reach standards approved by orthodox nutritionists in their very different new diet.

The menus are economical of money, time and labour. They require little cooking - nothing that cannot be done over a couple of plates or rings or, in a few cases, with the simplest of ovens. They offer variety and require few special facilities. Though planned especially with the elderly in mind they should offer useful guidance to anyone new to the vegan way.

It is especially important for the elderly to maintain intakes of essential vitamins and minerals while reducing calories, excess of which can lead to obesity and put strain on ageing organs. Yet sufficient calories must be provided to prevent expensive protein foods from being used up for energy and to prevent lassitude (the latter may, of course, be due to other causes). Weight should be watched. If it increases abnormally too much is being eaten.

Friends often notice 'corporations' before their owners! The best plan is to avoid 'empty calories' like extracted sugar and highly processed foods , and to limit extracted fats. Whole cereals and unprocessed pulses and nuts, and raw fresh fruits and vegetables, should make up most of the diet.

Concern is sometimes expressed about reaching the recommended levels of calcium. These are criticised as being unnecessarily high. They are probably based more on intakes customary in a milk drinking society than on 20

proved needs. However, since there is reason to believe that the high fibre, oxalic and phytic acid intakes of most vegans interfere with calcium absorption and since extra calcium, according to some authorities, helps to guide against the osteomalacia and osteoporosis (soft'and brittle bones) common to the elderly, it is wise to keep calcium intakes high. Dark greens (often the outer leaves that are too coarse for anything except soup making) seeds, nuts, beans, figs, molasses, dark treacle, are good sources. Molasses or dark treacle can be used to sweeten cakes and a little used on cereals and in drinks instead of sugar.

Calcium cannot be used without Vitamin D. This vitamin is not present in our unprocessed plant foods. Ideally, sufficient should be synthesised in the skin exposed to sunlight. It is added, by a comparable irradiation process to vegan (and other) margarines by law. 8 ozs. of margarine weekly would supply the recommended intake of Vitamin D but, in order to prevent the fat intake from becoming too high, this would require the limiting of oil for cooking to about 1 tablespoonful daily. Elderly people with a'tendency to heart trouble should take more exercise in the sunlight and less margarine. Housebound people should consider taking Vitamin D drops - Adexolin from Boots are vegan. Great care should be taken not to exceed the recommended dose.

Most nutritionists agree that excess fat consumption should be avoided, especially of saturated fat. This has been taken into consideration in planning the menus.

An adequate supply ( 3 - 5 micrograms) of Vitamin B12 must be assured. This can be provided by 1 teanspoonful of Barmene or Tartex yeast extracts a day (similar amounts will soon be available from Vecon - a yeast extract which has a different flavour). Plamil and some other plant milks also contain B12.

Yeast extracts and Plamil also contain riboflavin - another B vitamin that could be low in the vegan diet.

It is very important that a wide variety of nuts, pulses, seeds, cereals, fruits and vegetables should be eaten.

As to drinks, fruit juices are dear and it is better to spend the money on fresh fruit complete with their fibre. Herb tea or small amounts of Indian or China tea with lemon or Plamil are pleasant. Greens water with yeast extract is good at lunch time, and sometimes molasses in hot water.

B: is very important to eat at least one good sized mixed salad everyday and also fresh fruit.

Food needs to be enjoyed to get the maximum benefit but .people usually find most strange foods unpalatable. However, with a little* determination, the taste buds can be re-educated surprisingly quickly. For elderly people, unless they are directed to the diet for health reasons, it is probably wise to make the changeover to a vegan diet slowly, so as to give the body time to adapt.

A /grater for root vegetables and a grinder for nuts are necessary tools.

"Moulinex" make a good range of both hand and electric' appliances.

21

(Compiled with health and economy of money, time and labour, and the special needs of the over 60s in mind, from the experience of several vegans. Suggestions only - need to be adapted to individual needs and tastes).

ON RISING: Hot water and squeeze of lemon.

BREAKFAST: 3oz (90 gms.) porage oats; 2 oz. (60 gms.) dried fruit (raisins one day, figs another, prunes next - soaked overnight); 1 oz. grated seeds (sunflower, sesame or almonds) whisked in water to make a milk enough water to make whole mixture pleasantly moist. Slice of bread and marg. and Barmene. Apple.

MED MORNING: Drink and biscuit, preferably home made.

LUNCH: 4 oz. (120 gms.) wholemeal bread, preferably home made, see easy recipe "First Hand First Rate"; oz. soya cheese; 6 - 8 oz. salad. Piece home-made fruit cake. Apple.

MID-AFTERNOON; Drink and biscuit.

DINNER: Soup made with potatoes (cold from day before) whizzed up with onions, tomatoes, celery, etc. and greens water - and with Barmene added just before serving (This is an extra for people with big appetites ) Large salad ( 6 - 8 oz.) sprinkled with oz. almonds, with 6oz. potatoes.

4 ozs. raw fruit or fruit pudding with soya custardOR Cooked vegetables served with nut or lentil savoury (see recipes for easy ones) or soya sauce.

Raw fruit OR Lentil and vegetable stew with dumplings flavoured with Barmene, added just before serving, and sprinkled with parsley. Raw fruit.

N. B. Packaged convenience foods have been omitted for reasons of economy (i.e. of money and world's resources.)

GARDENS: Even a small garden will grow an all the year round supply of green salad if growing is carefully planned. Some suggestions:Salad bowl lettuce in summer from which you can pluck leaves daily.

Land Cress which will stand the winter and be available every month save April and May Batavian Endive sown early autumn and protected by simple cloche after Christmas will survive to spring. Again leaves can be plucked and plant left to grow.

22

FOR

EASY QUICK THOSE MANAGING

RECIPES ON T H E I R

(Quantities for 1 person 1 meal)

OWN

NUT MINCE: Cook about 1 oz. sliced onion (or 2 ozs. tomato) gently in frying pan with 2 Tbs. oil until tender. Mix \ tsp. Barmene (or other yeast extract with added B^) with i pt. hot water or vegetable stock (i. e. water vegetables have been cooked in.) Sir ozs. igrated almonds or other nuts and 1 oz. porage oats (or barley flakes) into onions in the pan and heat through gently, stirring to prevent sticking, for about 1 minute. Add the water mixed with the yeast extract and stir until mixture thickens: 2 - 3 minutes.

(If double quantity is made it can be served cold with salad the next day.)

SOYA SAUCE: Mix flat Tbs. fine oatmeal with flat Tbs. soya flour to smooth cream with 2 Tbs. water. Add i pt. boiling water or vegetable stock.

Simmer until mixture thickens, flavour with Barmene and serve over vegetables. A teaspoonful of oil can be added to improve palatability.

QUANTITIES TO MAKE FOR THE WEEK'S SUPPLY FOR ONE : SOYA CHEESE Melt 6 ozs. margarine, stir in 5 ozs. soya flour (make sure It has been heat treated when you buy it. Packaged brands are, and most that is sold loose now) and 1 dsp. or to taste Barmene, Tastex or the new Vecon: i.e. when it has added B .

Lu FRUIT CAKE: Stir 1 tsp. baking powder (can be omitted) and 4 - 6 ozs. mixed dried fruit into 8 ozs. 100% flour. Mix 1 dsp. molasses with 3 ozs. oil and 6 ozs. water. Add to flour and fruit. Mix well and spread in flat baking tray. Bake 15 mins. at 200 C or until knife comes out clean.

BISCUITS: Mix together 4 ozs. fine oatmeal, 4 ozs. 100% flour, 1-| ozs. sugar and ÂŁ small flat tsp. salt (if allowed). Stir together 3 ozs. oil and 7 ozs. water and add to flours. Mix well, spread in. baking tray and bake in slow oven (150 C) until crisp. Can be put in oven while heating up for cake and bread. Removed before 200 is reached and put back when oven is cooling off. Molasses to taste can be used instead of sugar.

SALADS These should contain a mixture of green leaves, grated roots and fruits and seeds. Some red ingredients, carrot, tomato, pepper should be included each time for vitamin A and some dark greens - watercress or cress or spinach.

Cabbage and onion are best finely sliced, not grated.

SPROUTED SEEDS: Sprouted seeds are an easy and cheap source of fresh salad for everyone. Mung beans are easiest to grow, alfalfa can be left to turn green without getting tough. Buy by pound and keep in a dry place, not in expensive packets.

Kathleen Jannaway :

23

BOOKS FOR SALE :

With W O R L D F O O D D A Y in mind RF WELL INFORMED "Plant Foods for Human Health with special reference to the diseases of affluence and the needs of the developing world." J. W. Dickerson, Professor Human Nutrition, University of Surrey. * 35 p "The Role of Plant Foods in Feeding Mankind"by Arnold Bender, Professor Nutrition and Dietetics, University of London. * 45 p "Food: Need, Greed and Myopia" G. Yates. Review of World Food Situation.

Many useful facts and figures. £1.75 "Food for a Future" comprehensive case for vegetarianism and veganism vividly expressed with facts figures and tables by Jon Wynne Tyson. £1.75 Those marked * on special discount terms from the Vegan Society.

ALSO from Qxfam, 274 Banbury Road, Oxford, ncrt from us "Land for the People" "Food for Thought" and "Against the Grain. " WHAT'S COOKING ? by Eva Batt. Now famous cookery book & food guide. £3.50 THE VEGAN WAY Why? and How? by 10 very different vegans.

60p PIONEERS (reprint) Reminiscences of 12 early vegans.

60p INTRODUCTION to Practical Veganism by K. Jannaway with recipes and section on The Vegan Dairy by L. Main.

60p FIRST HAND : FIRST RATE 60 simple recipes for economical living largely on home produced foods plus gardening hints. No sugar or hard fats. 65p :

VEGAN NUTRITION by Frey Ellis M. D. , FRC.

& T. Sanders Ph. D. (Nutr)

Scientific assessment of the diet based on research.

90p VEGAN MOTHERS & CHILDREN by 10 vegan mothers plus reports of recent research on vegan pregnancy, lactation and health of under fives.

65p SA LA DINGS from garden and hedgerow by Mabel Cluer 90p SPIRULINA by M. Hanssen on the alga rich in protein & B12 £1.05

STAND & DELIVER by Kenneth Brown. Invaluable guide to public speaking. Clear and amusing.

95p HEALTHY EATING FOR THE NEW AGE by J. d'Silva. Cookbook. £4.35 YOUTH HOSTELLING & BACKPACKING the vegan way.

25p FETTERED KINGDOMS by John Bryant * From - L. Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, MACHYNLLETH, SY 20 9LW ALL PRICES INCLUDE POSTAGE. Cheques made out to Vegan Society, please. £

24

1

5 5

^ LETTERS DO WE LACK A SENSE OF HUMOUR? In 1954 Louis Kronenberger wrote: "Humour simultaneously wounds and heals, indicts and pardons, diminishes and enlarges; it constitutes inner growth at the expense of outer gain, and those who possess and honestly practise it make themselves more through a willingness to make themselves less. " I think the vegan movement, in common with many other 'great causes' lacks a sense of humour. I don't mean in the sense that we, as individuals, rarely laugh or smile or frolic. Of course we do. But how often do we poke fun specifically at ourselves, our beliefs and prejudices, our extremes and our

paradoxes?

There are enough subjects to explore: B12, what we feed our children and pets, the examination of all the minute details on food packets, non-vegan relatives, and so on. But we are inclined to take it all too seriously. We need to, of course, but simultaneously, with that seriousness, a little more irreverence would give us a breath of fresh air - and help us also to understand ourselves.

Caricatures of politicians and public figures, and parodies and jokes, are regular features of the national press. And that is healthy, and c onstructive.

But the vegan movement (and again, I emphasise, many other similar movements too) exists instead in a kind of vacuum rather more reminiscent of communist regimes - where humour about the reigning ideology, or criticism of it, only rarely surfaces.

I believe we would benefit from a small dose of Private Eye, or Not The Nine-O-Clock News, type irreverence applied to veganism. Or something akin to the much acclaimed weekly cartoon strip by Posy Simmonds in the Guardian, which pokes gentle fun at typical 'woolly liberal' middle-class intellectuals. I am not sympathetic to the reply that veganism is much too important a topic to be treated in such a way. It isn't. And humour , and a sense of self-criticism, both in their place, strengthens not weakens us. Any group of people (or individual, or magazine) which is not able to laugh a little at iself is not quite complete and is inclined to be self-righteous.

Whilst humour can, and should, often exist simply at the relaxing level of fun, it can also penetrate and teach, and frequently make the equivalent point far more effectively and memorably than a dry and analytical statement.

A few years ago, for example, Undercurrents magazine produced a special 'food politics' issue, and the one thing from it that always sticks out in my mind is Jo Nesbitfs cartoon strip 'Alice's Alternative Adventures'. In it Alice * is criticised by other members of her commune for her carnivorous See Eva Batt's "In Lighter Vein" humorous verses,charmingly illustrated., from L. Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Machynlleth, SY209LW 65p incl. %

25

habits, her battery eggs, her white bread cooked with paraffin, and her orange juice from South Africa. "What's left that's healthy, humane and politically right?", Alice asks herself. And so, when it comes to her turn to cook, the only meal she feels able to produce is 'Zen Surprise' - she presents a large dish with nothing on it!

Malcolm Home I must say that my experience of vegans and the vegan movement is quite different from Malcolm's. Collectively we are objective rather than over serious, and personally probably express joy and humour much more than the average.

Most vegans know, or soon learn, that to be too serious with others is counter productive, and most experience and happily endure the teasing, taunts and dire warnings of their over serious friends. It may be too that those who spend their working lives lampooning others might be more positively engaged. Pity poor Alice as Jo Nesbitt sees her- her head seems as empty as her dish.

(J.S. Editor)

DEALING WITH FAMILIES - AND OTHERS Linda Torre (Letters Vol. 29 No. 2) has my sympathy. I too have discovered that the hardest thing in converting to veganism is not the giving up of food one used to like, or even the changing of one's life-style, but how to deal with difficult people.

Fortunately, my husband is vegan and, although my family doesn't understand me they don't oppose me or upset me. I have met with opposition, however, at work and from friends and strangers who've "found out". Now I know that my arguement is sound. I rnay be in a minority but the minority view (expressed through The Vegan and anti-vivisection magazines) is the voice of compassion and sense.

We can't be wrong. And I believe the majority knows

this.

Many, many meat-eaters feel guilty and, when they are faced by a non-meateater, the guilt inevitably surfaces, even though nothing is said. Since people don't enjoy feeling uncomfortable they tend to attack the person who "threatens" them. E.g. I have been called "cruel" for making my dog a vegan-: people could understand me being a vegetarian but not a vegan: why don't I support medical "progress"? etc. etc. And I don't attack anybody! I just answer people's questions in a non-campaigning manner! I think these people's attitudes are not based on balanced judgment or even deeply felt conviction, but stem merely from guilt and fear of change.

It sounds pessimistic but I would't advise trying to enlighten unsympathetic relations. For them to change one attitude they would have to change a cluster of related attitudes, and it's probably too difficult for them. Add to this that feelings can run high in families.

I think it's important to keep contact with people who do understand the "cranks" and the "brainwashers". I've found it lessens the hurt and the anger.

Sue Berry 26

RISKING DEATH Should vegans risk death, rather than accept blood or other forms of treatment which have involved cruelty?

I would suggest that if a vegan was to die after refusing treatment it would cause a great deal of harm to veganism. Would there be any point in dying for a principle that didn't, help the cause?

The death of a vegan means one less to fight the atrocities being committed daily.

Harry Bonnie HOME MADE CLEANERS Julie Togni wants more ideas before writing them up. Please note her new address -173 High Street, Cranfield, Beds.

-

AT LAST TOTALLY SYNTHETIC "CB" WALKING BOOT Light weight yet robust, non-rot, main-

tenance free materials. New Klets tread Cushion insole for extra comfort.

Send £24. 95 plus £1. 50 p&p and we will rush you a pair. If not entirely satisfied, return unused within 14 days and we will, refund money. Access or Barclay card accepted.

FULL SIZES 4-12 ONLY. WESTSPORTS 17 Fleet St. Swindon Wilts. Tel. 0793 32588

GOOD NEWS FOR VEGAN CLIMBERS AND RAMBLERS FROM WEffTSPORTS of 17 Fleet Street, Swindon, Wiltshire. Comfortable and well tested vegan socks are now available from them. These are the Rohner 80% cotton and 20% Polyamid walkers' socks. They come in sizes 3-12 in Navy Blue only. One or two pairs cost £3. 25 each by post, but 3 or more pairs are only £2.99 each. They will go well with your "C B" walking boots.

ORIENTEERING SHOES Ellis Brigham shops ( at Manchester, Birmingham, Liverpool, Bristol, Chester, Capel Qirig, Penzance, Rossendale.& Sheffield ) are marketing the American brand Nike "Orienteer", a totally synthetic shoe for moving last over rough terrain. It is very lightweight and has a unique hard rubber studded and rippled sole, curved towards the upper for secure contouring. It is available in half sizes from 6 to 12 at £18.99.

27

BERKSHIRE:

N.

28

account at the Leamington Festival In June and a local vegan group outing to Packwood House and Gardens in July.

AVON: The Animals Film will be sh

r,

SOMERSET: The newsletter of the Taunton Vegetarian and Vegan Group increases in size and quality. Full details of the local group's activities are included for Somerset members, while other groups would find it a source of inspiration for their own ideas. s ÂŁ1.70 to:

WORKING FOR THE FUTURE We are all volunteers, so there is no lack of spirit. We are all inexperienced and imperfect, so there is plenty of willingness to learn from each other. Many of us are isolated, even within our own homes, so there is no lack of tolerance for others whilst quietly but effectively setting a consistent example. We can work together to fulfil the following by this time next year: 1. "The Vegan", Vegan Society recipe books and free leaflets in practically EVERY wholefood shop or other likely outlet for our literature, which should also display announcements of local vegan group activities.

2. A local vegan group in every town and part of the country, meeting for both mutual support and for the education of the general public, planning such things as cookery demonstrations, stalls at local festivals, film-shows and meetings - addressed by prominent members of the Vegan Society. Each local vegan group can discover the talent which lies hidden, at present, within our membership. If you are a vegan athlete, for instance, we would like to hear of you. Most of all, we shall rely on the everyday cheerfulness of every member.

29

3. The vegan message printed in every local newspaper in the country.

Concerted letter-writing campaigns could be followed by an invitation to a journalist and photographer to attend a vegan meal. How about this making the headlines in every shopping centre before Christmas, 1983? Members could also work within kindred bodies to ensure that where diet is concerned it is taken for granted that the vegans have the right answer.

The Vegan Society already has a number of Local Vegan Contacts doing such work all over the country. Some Local Vegan Contacts need assistance in fulfilling all of our targets, however, whilst many areas are still without a Local Vegan Contact. There are enough of us, in all parts of the country, to improve this situation NOW. Full members of the Vegan Society who can vouch for their reliability are urgently requested to write to Laurence Main, Asst. Secretary, the Vegan Society Ltd., 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW volunteering as Local Vegan Contacts (or assistants to their present Local Vegan Contact, if any.) You will receive advice on how to achieve our aims and will be kept in touch with your own q u a r t e r l y newsletter, "The Vegan Worker. " Laurence Main

LONDON MEETINGS Monday, October 4th, November 8th and December 6th, 6. 30 - 9. 30 p. m. in Room 7, Friends Meeting House, 173 Euston Road, NW1 - the big building opposite Euston station. We hope many members, friends and inquirers will take advantage of these opportunities to meet each other for informal talk and discussion. The meetings will begin with refreshments provided plus 'bring and share'. If the meetings are well supported as they used to be in the Nature Cure Clinic from 1977 - '81 we plan to continue them through the year. No entrance fee but collections will be taken to meet expense of hiring the hall.

Further details from A. Torgut, 01 609 4862, C. Hall, 852 7518, J. Hudspith 4459373 Also see "London News" produced by A. Torgut. *

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

, DAY COURSE IN VEGAN DIET Saturday, October 30th. Richmond Adult Âť College. Lectures and cookery demonstrations and opportunity to discuss ^

* with others of like mind in pleasant surroundings. Book early. Details in

** , *return * *for* a *s.a.e. * * - *K. *Jannaway, * * * 47* Highlands * * * Road, * * *Leatherhead, * * * Sirrey * * ** A N I M A L A I D ANNUAL PUBLIC MEETING Westminster Central Hall. Details from 111 High Street, Tonbridge, Kent.

Are you supporting their Camhealth Campaign. It's very relevant to ve^nism ?

COMPASSION IN WORLD FARMING CRUELTY FREE XMAS November 27th - March against Bernard Matthews turkey "farm" in NORWICH. Details C.W.F20 Lavant Street, Petersfield, Hants.

30

Shopping with Linda' Readers will be very sorry to hear that Eva Batt has hurt her back and cannot do any work for the Society at the moment. Please send all correspondence relating to commodities and shopping to Linda Emptgate 40 Harold Road, Cliftonville, Margate, Kent.

VEGAN FOOD NEWS (All items listed in CAPITALS below are free from animal products.)

Cow & Gate have sent an interesting booklet about their new product "FORMULA S" SOYA FOOD. In it FORMULA S is listed as suitable for vegetarians, . egans and some religious and ethnic groups. This seems like a huge step forward if this company is involved in a egan milk. A list of FORMULA S nutrients is given and shows it contains B12. It comes in a tin in powder form and can be used for infants, children and adults, or anyone with a milk allergy. The pack is available in 450g. (15.9oz) tins and can be prescribed under N. H. S. for milk intolerance and galactosaemia.

I am writing to find out if it can be obtained on milk tokens as with cows milk for pregnant women. If a booklet is required write to: The Medical Dept., Cow & Gate Ltd., Trowbridge, Wiltshire, BA14 8YX. New Margarine: RAKUSEN Foods are producing a new VEGETABLE MARGARINE. It is available in Kosher shops and is selling at a very competitive price.

VECON: We have been assured thit VECON no longer contains glycerine.

It was taken out because the source could not be guaranteed. However, a pure vegetable glycerine has been obtained and will be incorporated in the near future. It is proposed to include B12 also at a later date, PLANTERS: DRY ROAST PEANUTS. SEASAME CRUNCH. DRY ROASTED CASHEWS are all Vegan.

GRANT AND SCOTT: This company confirm that their PERFUME ESSENCES are Vegan and have not been tested on animals.

GRANOSE: They are making a CAROB COATED FRUIT BAR. Sugar is listed as Raw. _ NON VEGAN Big D: Tropical Fruit and Nut Mix Honey is used to coat the banana chips.

Polaroid: Sorry to say that, as before, there is no vegan film. Animal gelatine is still used in all makes of films. It was reported - cautiously - in Summer issue that SX70 film was without gelatine. On re-checking with Polaroid this was found to be incorrect.

Wyso.y : The fat in Wysoy is a blend of OLIEC and soy oils, OLEO oil and coconut oil. The OLEO oil is derived from destearinated beef fat.

LINDA E MPT AGE 31

ADVERTISEMENTS Please send to the Assistant Secretary, 9 Mawddwy Terrace, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Nr. Machynlleth, SY20 9LW Wales, by November 1st 1982, for the next issue. Advertisers are asked to note that we are unable to deal with box numbers. Rate: 5p. a word.

PLEASE NOTE, the following advertisements have been accepted in good faith and the Vegan Society cannot take responsibility in the event of any complaint.

READING WHOLEFOODS has a vacancy for a general assistant. Some experience advantageous but not essential. Possibility of a self- contained flat if required. Tel. 0734 55175 THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY isn't just an award-winning tourist attraction. We sell books through the post too.

Please ask for our mail order booklist (25p. + s.a.e.), details of our courses, and a leaflet for tourists to visit us. We have our own wholefood shop and restaurant in Machynlleth. Write now to: N. C. A. T., Llwyngwern Quarry, Machynlleth, Powys, Wales. We also offer bed and breakfast (tel. 0654 2400) VEGFAM feeds the hungry via plant-based foodstuffs, leaf protein, seeds, irrigation, etc. The Sanctuary, Lydford, Okehampton, Devon, (tel. Lydford 203) AHEMSA - quarterly magazine of the American Vegan Society. Veganism Natural Living - Reverence for Life. Calendar year subscription 08 or £4.

Address: 501 Old Harding Highway, Malaga, N.J. 08328.

THE DRAGON PROJECT is breathing fire' Read all about it in THE LEY HUNTER, the leading international magazine of ley-lines and other Earth Mysteries. Send £3.75 subscription to "The Ley Hunter", P. O. Box 13, Welshpool, Powys, Wales.

RAW FOOD. Send s.a.e. to Vigilex, 18a Bar Street, Scarborough, Y011 2HT for free leaflet describing its great value.

TAO, free leaflet. S.a.e. to Bookshop, 18a Bar Street, Scarborough, YOU 2HT. A NGLING - Please help us to end this most cruel of all blood sports.

Write Dept. A, CPCA, P.O. Box 14, Romsey, S05 9NN. FLAT OFFERED on long-term lease: self-contained, furnished, double bedroom, telephone, fruit garden, car space. 8 miles west of Manchester.

East access to shops, buses, (tel. 061 790 1397).

NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING: If you need to manage your fertility, you need not use methods which have involved vivisection, which can harm women's health or kill the human embryo; nor need you use unreliable barrier methods. You can plan your family using scientific and accurate 32

methods of female fertility observation and distinctively human powers of self control. Periodic creative continence is the middle way between letting nature take its course and total abstinence. This highly effective method takes account of all individual cycle patterns and irregularities. Any couple able to study and observe can use it. We offer information leaflets and a wallchart of female cycles in exchange for first-class letter stamp, to: NFP(V), 38 Hampden Road, Hitchin, Herts.

McCREADIES, 26 Broad Street, Bristol, (tel. 25580) WELCOMES VEGANS! Wholefood cafe, shop. Take Away, Restaurant. Party bookings welcome.

Come and listen to the best Baroque music from Amsterdam.

LOOKING FOR AN ILLUSTRATOR? Ian Ellis of , Isle of Man, would like to hear from anybody think published through the Vegetarian Society.

VEGANS EN MANY COUNTRIES will never be able to learn English - but they would value your friendship and advice through Esperanto. For details of this easily learnt yet beautiful language, and of the Esperantist Vegetarian Movement, write to: Bill Simcock, Clayton House, Butterton, Leek, Staffs.

ST13 7SR. VEGETARIAN MATCHMAKERS: Discreet inexpensive postal introduction service, solely for vegetarians/vegans throughout the U. K., from 18 to 80 and all walks of life. Dreams could become reality by requesting details from V. M. M. (Dept. VQ), Freepost, Weybridge, Surrey, KT13 8BR (no stamp needed.)

LIVE ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION, slaughtering of baby seals, wild animals torn to pieces by hounds, innocent animals suffering in factory-farm systems: "Flesh and Blood" magazine will show you you can help stop these atrocities.

To subscribe send ÂŁ3.00 U. K. , ÂŁ4.00 overseas, to: Caroline Publications, Dept. V, P.O.Box 32, Stevenage, Herts. SGI 3SD.

33

HOLIDAYS INVERNESS: Vegan/vegetarian accommodation in charming cottage on high road between Inverness and Nairn. Good tourist centre, walking, golfGuests welcome all year. Margaret Lawson, , IV1 2PG (tel. 066 78 352).

NORTHUMBRIA: Vegan D. B & B. Quiet riverside village, beautiful walking country, convenient Durham, Roman o THE PREHISTORIC UPLANDS OF WILTSHIRE were the cradle of British civilization. Discover Wiltshire by walking around it. The 162 mile Wiltshire Way passes Salisbury Cathedral, Wilton House, Old Wardour Castle, Westbury White Horse, Castle Combe, Malmesbury Abbey, Swindon's G. W. R. Museum, Marlborough Downs, Savernake Forest, the Kennet and Avon Canal and Stonehenge. The Mainroutes guide-book, illustrated by Mark Richards, costs only ÂŁ1.08 (post-free) from the Vegan Society Ltd., 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW, Wales.

BEX HILL-ON-SEA: Small private house offering vegetarian or vegan bed and breakfast for ÂŁ5. .

CORNWALL: Self-catering luxury first floor flat for vegans/vegetarians, overlooking Hayle Estuary. Sleeps 4/6. Vegan meals available.

S.a.e. please to Blackaller, "Meadowlands", The Saltings, Lelant, St. Ives, TR26 SDL (tel. Hayle 0736 752418) PENZANCE: B & B. with optional evening meal available for vegans/ vegetarians in cottage with large garden, seaiind country views.

Penzance two miles, (tel. Penzance 2242) VEGAN VALLEY offers you a warm welcome I Vegans holidaying at Dinas Mawddwy are invited o contact Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawdd^y, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW (tel. Dinas Mawddwy 255), for local information and advice and FREE GUIDED WALKS. Dinas Mawddwy is connected by 'bus with Machynlleth, is in the Snowdonia National Park, and has a youth hostel, a campsite (tel. Mr. Rees, Dinas Mawddwy 344) and the Buckley Arms Hotel (tel. Dinas Mawddwy 261) just yards from Laurence's house. Stock up on Vegan Society literature whilst passing".

34

BOOST YOUR HEALTH! EASTBOURNE HEALTH HOTEL Sauna, solarium, etc. Vegan full or slimming menus 17 Burlington Place, Eastbourne, BN21 4AR Tel. (0323) 23604

Once or twice a year we all need true relaxation to ease away stress' e, Holmes R,d.

London N. W. 5. Enrolment, Wednesday Sept. 15th at 6.30 p. m. Course begins Monday, Sept. 20th. For details of other courses, phone H.Gowland, 01 3401898 CLEANS WITHOUT CRUELTY All purpose domestic cleaner. 97% bio-degradeable. Non animal ingredients, non- animal tested. Very strong & effective.

5 litres for £4.00 plus £1.50 carriage.B L P 12 Chetwode Rd.Tadworth, Surrey PAREVEMATE tea & coffee whitener can be had via Eliko Food Distributors, Ashley Works, Ashley Road, London, N 17 - and a shop -371 Edgeware Rd.

The Vitamin B12 assay we have undertaken to determine the levels of the vitamin In the Tetrapak cartons of our sOya plantmilk shows that there is six times more that is claimed on the carton. As there are several thousand _cartons already printed to be used up before any adjustment can be made on the cartons, please bear this very useful Vitamin B12 news in mind in assessing your daily intake.

It demonstrates that the UHT (ultra heat treatment) to sterilise the product affects the soya milk in the cartons less. The cans are still being produced because the Health Stores report a demand for both sizes. It should be borne in mind that the Vitamin B12 figure relates to the product as in the Tetrapak i. e. in Its concentrated form. It is produced in a concentrated form because large numbers of vegans purchase several Tetrapaks/ cans per week and it is there fore less weight to carry; water can easily be added at home Arthur Ling. * « « * * * * + * * * * * * * * * N. B. Vitamin B12 is especially important for pregnant women and indeed for all women of child bearing age who may become pregnant. Now that the Vitamin can be' so easily obtained it is wrong to take chances. K. J. 35

VEGAN T-SHIRTS Superior white cotton, emblem as below, Green on white. Sizes 24,26 28 30,34,36, 38,42 &46 inch. £ 3.50 including p&p ALSO SAME DESIGN ENVELOPE SAVERS Re-use labels . £1.20 per hundred, including packing and postage from L. Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, MACHYNLLETH, SY20 9LW

V E G A N H O L I D A YS with Brian & Wendy Burnett on their 36 ft., 7-berth yacht "XIM" Canal, coastal and offshore cruising, 1983- Devon, Wales, Ireland, I.o'Man Highlands & Islands, Caledonian Canal Moray Firth.

See dolphins, seals, seabirds, eiderducks, wild orchids & perhaps whales and otters. No experience necessary.

No age limits. 6 th season -half our bookings are from previously satisfied guests. £ 80 - £ 120 per week.

Send foolscap envelope for details to (V), c/o n, Chester,

CORNWALL

TORQUAY

WOODCOTE

( Queen of the English Riviera )

Vegetarian / Vegan Hotel

BROOKESBY HALL HOTEL Hesketh Road. TQ1 2LN Tel. 0803 22194 350 yards from Meadfoot Beach, enjoying glorious sea views across Torbay, the hotel is situated in the exclusive Lincombe Conservation area, generally considered to be the loveliest part of Torquay. We offer restful holidays in beautiful surroundings coupled with imaginative and delicious Vegan and Vegetarian meals. Some rooms have private showers. Fully centrally heated. Full details from the Vegan Proprietress Mrs. Hilda Baker (stamp only please.)

WHY NOT BE OUR GUESTS ? and for once experience a truly relaxing holiday In the West Country ?

WOODCOTE stands In Its own grounds overlooking the tidal estuary and bird sanctuary of Hayle, and Is within easy reach of many fine beaches and coastal walks - the Ideal centre from which to explore and discover the beauty of Cornwall !

On a personal note, those with tired and jaded palates need not despair for, as attentive hosts we ensure that you are offered an Imaginative cuisine supported by a goodly measure of old fashioned personal service.

Also available, SELF _; CATERING CHALET sleeps four.

Stamp appreciated for brochure - John & Pamela Barrett, The Saltings, Lelant, St. Ives, ComwaU. TR 26 3DL Tel. 0736 753147

QA

WELCOMES VEGANS Lakeland's strictly Vegetarian Guest House offers a warm and hospitable welcome to Vegans. Come to us to relax, to walk and climb, to absorb the tranquility of Orchard House and the Lake District. We have a peaceful garden, a warm and comfortable home, delicious and different food and we are situated in superb Lake District country. We ask yegans to give us a week's notice if possible.

Brochure from (Stamp appreciated)

MILK THAT'S NEVER EVER SEEN A COW!

V-. /

Monty Alge and Keong Wee, Orchard House, Borrowdale Road, Keswick on Derwentwater, Cumbria Tel.(0596) 72830

It's 100% vegetable ... made from the soya bean and packed with protein and goodness. Its production involves no exploitation of animals. The flavour is quite delicious—all the family, particularly the children will love it. You can drink it on its own as a super health drink or use it on breakfast cereals, in coffee or tea or in dishes such as milk puddings and custards. What's more it will keep in tue can just as long as you want to . keep jt,.A..wonderfully versatile, and nutritious food ... Golden Archer Beanmilk by Itona. It's at your health food store.

'Golden Archer*

BEANMILK The

Milk That's

100%

Non-Animal

C R A N K S H £ A L T H FOODS William Blake House, Marshall Street, London

CRANKS CRANKS CRANKS CRANKS CRANKS

at at at at at

PLAMIL

W1

Heal's, 196 Tottenham Court Road, W.1 Shinners Bridge, Dartington, Devon Peter Robinson, Oxford Circus, W.1 The Market, Covent Garden, W.C.2 35 High Street, Totnes, Devon

SOYA

PLANTMILK

•

not instead of breast-milk, but on weaning and through the rest of life provides important nutrients including B12, CALCIUM & PROTEIN. High in polyunsaturates.

All Plamil products are guaranteed exclusively vegan.

List and recipes (SAE please) from Plamil Foods Ltd. Plamil House, Bowles Well Gardens, Folkestone.