Unique Anatomical Design
Thor.Lo's Foot Healthacrylic yarns help to reduce the c h a n c e of blisters. These high-quality yarns a n d unique construction work together to wick moisture up a n d away from your feet, leaving them dry a n d healthy.
Fxtra Yam Fringe Recommended by the Fool Doctors ol America
T h o r l o - P a d d s h i k i n g socks. The Vegan a n d V e g e t a r i a n favourite. 05% Acrylic, 1 5 % N y l o n s t r e t c h . N a v y , r e d or o l i v e . A n k l e length £ 7 . 5 0 ; knee length £9.50 P I (vise; sl ai n s e c o n d c o l o u r c h o i c e a n d w h e t h e r ladies' or men's.
The extra yarn fringe y o u see w h e n y o u turn a Thor*Lo sock inside out is the result of knitting extra p a d d i n g into t h e ball a n d heel areas only. Extra p a d d i n g a t the a r c h is e l i m i n a t e d to allow your shoe t o snug closer a n d better support your arch. Because ordinary cushion-sole socks h a v e extra p a d d i n g t h r o u g h o u t t h e sole a r e a a n d d o n o t h a v e our p a t e n t e d a r c h f e a t u r e - they c a n c o m p r o m i s e the support your a r c h needs a n d r c c c i v c s from your shoes!
Less
lidding
at Arch
The Insiflc-Oul Ti-sl
B r i d g e d a l e D r y b o o t n o w r e n a m e d Viking D r y b o o t . 1 0 0 % w a t e r p r o o f s t u r d y boot k n o w n to m a n y of y o u . N y l o n inside, s t r o n g r u b b e r c o n s t r u c t i o n outside. P a d d e d a n k l e s a n d b e l l o w s t o n g u e give c o m f o r t a b l e s u p p o r t . E x c e l l e n t tread. C o l o u r o l i v e . F u l l s i z e s 36 - 46 £ 4 3 . 5 0 i n c P & P. M e r r e l l Ridge R u n n e r . A cross t e r r a i n shoe. Breathable mini-mesh/immitation s u e d e upper. B e l l o w s tongue. S t a b i liser s t r a p s . I n j e c t e d P.U. rand. A i r cushion m i d - s o l e . Sizes 7 - 1 3 in h a l v e s (men) and 5 - 8-j (women). C o l o u r g r e y / g r a p e £ 4 9 . 9 9 inc P & P.
Demon "Frejus" l i g h t w e i g h t h i l l w a l k i n g boot in blue n y l o n c o r d u r a with i m m i tation suede trim. C a m b r e l l e lining, rubber sole w i t h g o o d tread and steel shank. Not w a t e r p r o o f but ideal for a comfortable walk in dry weather. Sizes " " " 95 inc P & P
P h o n e 0341 - 4 2 2 1 9 5 w i t h your Access o r B a r c l a y c a r d d e t a i l s or s e n d c h e q u e to CADER IDRIS OUTDOOR GEAR, Eldon S q u a r e , D O L G E L L A U , G w y n e d d LL40 1PS
r Nokia Trimmi (formerly Boqtrotter) The most versatile short outdoor b o o t for all p u r s u i t s . Superlight, waterproof. Made of strong pliable r u b b e r . Moulded rubber sole with e x t r e m e l y firm grip on different g r o u n d s . Reflecting safety stripe. B u c k l e s t r a p for a d j u s t i n g l e g o p e n i n g . C o l o u r g r e e n . M a d e in F i n l a n d . Size 36-38 £29.50 : 394 6 £ 3 7 . 0 0 i n c P & P. (We a d v i s e y o u to o r d e r this m o d e l one size smaller than your usual size.)
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VEGAN WALKING FOOTWEAR A p p r o x i m a t e Continental / B r i t i s h size 36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
3*
4a
5
5*
65
7h
8
8i
44
comparisons 45
46
10± 11
Editor: Richard Farhall Design and production by Taylor McKenzie Printed by Friary Press, Dorchester on Greencoat Matt and Repeat Offset The Vegan is published quarterly by The Vegan Society Publication Date: March, June, September, December Copy Date: 25th January, 25th April, 25th July, 25th October ISSN 0307-4811 Š The Vegan Society The views expressed in The Vegan do not necessarily reflect those of the Editor or of the Vegan Society Council. Nothing printed should be construed to be Vegan Society policy unless so stated. The Society accepts no liability for any matter in the magazine. The acceptance of advertisements does not imply endorsement. Contributions intended for publication are welcomed, but unsolicited materials will not be returned unless accompanied by an SAE.
S O CJJ T Y The Vegan Society 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-onSea, East Sussex TN37 7AA Tel. and Fax. 0424 427393 Registered Charity No. 279228 Company Registration No. 1468880 VAT Registration No. 448 5973 95 President: Louise Wallis Deputy President: Rick Savage Vice-Presidents: Serena Coles, Freya Dinshah, Jay Dinshah, Arthur Ling, Tony Martin, Cor Nouws, Donald Watson, Robin Webb Council: Terry Bevis, Harry Bonnie, Barry Emptage, Arthur Ling, Tony Martin. Bill Poad (Vice Chair), Tim Powell, Rick Savage (Chair), Carl Turner, Louise Wallis, Robin Webb Joint Hon. Treasurer: Terry Bevis
3 The Vegan. Spring 1992
General Secretary: Richard Farhall Office Manager: Amanda Rofe Administrative Assistant: Kathy McCormack Hospital Liaison Officer:* Tim Powell Prison Liaison Officer:* Sandra Battram Local Contacts Co-ordinator:* Terry Bevis * Denotes voluntary posts Veganism may be defined as a way of living which seeks to exclude, as far as possible and practical, all forms of exploitation of, and cruelty to, animals for food, clothing or any other purpose. In dietary terms it refers to the practice of dispensing with all animal produce — including meat, fish, poultry, eggs, animal milks, honey, and their derivatives. Abhorrence of the cruel prac-tices inherent in dairy, livestock and poultry farming is probably the single most common reason for the adoption of veganism, but many people are drawn to it for health, ecological, spiritual and other reasons. If you would like more information on veganism a free Information Pack is available from the Society's office in exchange for an SAE. The Vegan Society was formed in England in November 1944 by a group of vegetarians who had recognized and come to reject the ethical compromises implicit in lacto-(i.e. dairy-dependent)vegetarianism and consequently decided to renounce the use of all animal products. If you are already a vegan or vegan sympathizer please support the Society and help increase its influence by joining. Increased membership means moreresourcesto educate and inform. Full membership is restricted to practising vegans, as defined above, but sympathizers are wel-come as associates of the Society. Both members and associates receive The Vegan free of charge.
The Vegan Society Trade Mark is the property of the Vegan Society Ltd. The Society is prepared to authorize the use of its trade mark on products which accord with its 'no animal ingredients, no animal testing' criteria. Applications for use should be addressed to the General Secretary. Unauthorized use is strictly forbidden.
Contents International Vegan Festivals 16 Setting the scene
Chairsay A new leaf News
Adventures in an Oriental Supermarket Easy exotic recipes
18
Contacts N e w s 20 Front line vegan PR Growsense Growing oriental
An Animals' Defender A watchdog for the underdog
21
6
After the Coup 8 What next for vegans and vegetarians?
Vegan Winemaking 2 2 Fermentation without ferment
Veganism & Fitness Part 1 10 Prison Eye Penal matters
11
Shoparound What's new on the commodity front
12
Postbag Readers write . . .
25
Reviews
26
A Vegan in the Family Egg head Megan
27
Publications & Promotional G o o d s 28
Young Vegans 13 It'll make you cross! Squeaky Clean 14 Coping with a grimewave
Noticeboard
30
Information
31
Classified
32
Illustrations by Suzanne Whitelock and Juliet Breese Cover by Paul Hanson
Chairsay... Peace needs compromise. It needs a willingness to tolerate a world that is less perfect than we want. If we insist on having our way all the time we shall make fighting inevitable. Sherwin Wine Many members must be wondering what on earth is going on in the Vegan Society — an adjourned Annual General Meeting, a postal ballot, an Extraordinary General Meeting and the reconvened AGM — these are merely the outward manifestations of a more deeply rooted debate. It involves the very foundations of the Society. More long standing members may remember the old sunflower motif that the Society used which bore the words compassion, ecology and health on its
News Sheep Plucking Self-shedding sheep (see The Vegan, Summer 1991) are close to becoming a reality. American company Pitman-Moore holds the marketing rights to a new hormone (epidermal growth factor — EGF) which allows fleece to be 'plucked' by hand within 6 weeks of injection. Though the company hopes to win regulatory approval for the hormone sometime this year, it needs to get the cost of EGF under the current cost of shearing sheep. Wayward Australian scientists report that they are on the verge of another 'momentous' breakthrough — moth-proof wool. Newsweek 13.1.92 Today 16.12.91
See You T h e r e ? Enthusiastic Vegan Society members are required to help staff and Council members with the Society's stand at the 1992 ASDA Food & Farming Festival, Hyde Park, London. 14—17 May. Please contact Richard Farhall on 0424 427393.
4
leaves. Compassion, non-violence and reverence for life have been the driving principles of the Society since its inception in 1944. However, over the past twenty years a philosophical debate, which had been held in abeyance since the last century, has resurfaced and raged, that is the rights of animals. Professor Peter Singer with his book Animal Liberation expounded the philosophy of animal rights and brought respectability to the argument. Basically, it refutes discrimination on the grounds of species; in other words animals have moral claims on us in their own right. It has captured the imaginations of growing numbers of people, who are or have become members of the existing national societies — anti-vivisection,
Fund Booster Members and associates will find five books of 1992 Grand Cruelty-Free Draw tickets enclosed with this Vegan. Please do your best to sell them to friends, relatives etc. They're even easier to sell this year; those buying a book for £1 get a free ticket! Please accept the promoter's apologies if your tickets are unwanted. Feel free to dispose of them as you see fit.
Tell Us Another Farming t,p
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anti-cruel sports, anti-factory farming and. of course, the Vegan Society with its stance against exploitation of all animals. Veganism is a moral necessity for animal rightists and the Society a natural home for them. Some vegans point to the 'violent' actions of a minority of animal rightists or liberationists as proof that their cause is not compatible with the existing principles of the Society and should have no voice within it. This is the debate. For myself, I cannot write off a role for animal rights because of the actions of the few, as I do not write off the rest of society, even though it be stained the deepest crimson through the majority using animals for food, clothing and sacrifices on the altar of science. The Vegan Society provides a receptacle for the vegan ideal which we are all striving to attain in our own way; an ideal counter common criticisms of their 'sterling' work. Farming Facts II extols the virtues of conventional (read 'chemical') farming — "food is of a high quality, affordable and plentiful." And of course it's: "what the housewife wants"! "Pesticides detected in foodstuffs pose no risks to the consumers" — oh yeah? On animal welfare: "MYTH: Slaughter causes unnecessary pain and suffering"; "MYTH: Cows are milked too intensively" — apparently "A good milk yield is a sign of a healthy cow", and "modern milking techniques ensure the process is stress free". Farming Facts II: pure bunkum.
T M Update The latest business to be permitted use of the Vegan Society Trade Mark is Ambrosia Foods — a company currently producing savoury ready meals.
FIRMING NEWS
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Those preferring a low stress existence would do well to avoid 'Farming Facts II' — a joint Farming Afeu'.s/Hoechst production. What a wind up! The booklet takes the form of a quick reference guide to enable beleaguered non-organic farmers to
Plant Project Considerable research has been carried out by Plants for a Future into the uses of plants in a sustainable non-exploitative system. To date it has assembled a register of more than 5,000 species including their uses and cultivation requirements. The project's initiators, Ariadne Morais and
the Council recently reaffirmed by declaring "abhorrent any human behaviour, either through illegal or legal means, that causes pain or fear to humans or animals, or that allows preventable pain or fear to exist." Each of us must ask ourselves what best serves that ideal. Vegans, whatever their reasons for being so, have far more in common than in difference. It is unproductive to direct our energies inwards by arguing about the purity of a particular route to veganism; an argument that is fast degenerating into a debate about the worthiness of individual vegans. We must all accept that none of us has a monopoly on truth or veganism. My own preference is for animal rights to become a strong fresh leaf on our old sunflower and for us all to unite and use our combined talents to promote veganism. Rick Savage Ken Hennessey, are hoping to develop their work into a small village-type community based close to their land — the object being to demonstrate the uses of plants for food, medicine, clothing, paper, etc. At present they have a 28 acre field which was purchased three years ago. They are looking for ethical investors to enable them to purchase an adjacent farmhouse and outbuildings. Contact: Plants for a Future, The Field, Higher Penpoll, St Veep, Nr Lostwithiel, Cornwall PL22 ONG. 0208 873554.
Altered Dates Contributors and advertisers are asked to note the new Vegan copy dates: 25th Jan (Spring), 25th April (Summer), 25th July (Autumn) & 25th October (Winter).
Vets Off the Fence The BVA (British Veterinary Association) has expressed concern that dairy cows are suffering traumatic labours and birth complications because artificially inserted embryos grow too big. Dairy cows are made to carry the embryos of beef animals which grow larger in their womb than natural offspring. Some 14,000 cows were impregnated in this way last year, resulting in an
The Vegan. Spring 1992
increase in bad calvings and Caesareans. Independent 17.1.92
A r t h r i t i s Benefit A year long Norwegian study at the National Hospital in Oslo has concluded that a vegetarian diet can help rheumatoid arthritis sufferers. For the first 3'/2 months of the 13 month project, the 27 patients studied adhered to a gluten-free vegan diet but were then allowed to gradually vegetarianize their diets. After just four weeks patients showed a significant improvement in the number of tender and swollen joints, pain levels, morning stiffness and grip strength. Guardian 11.10.91 The Lancet 12.10.91
D o d g y Dip Human health complaints relating to organophospherou's sheep dip have almost doubled since June, prompting the Health and Safety Executive to introduce new monitoring measures. Farmers in the South West have started a National Action Group to press for recognition of the problem which can cause such adverse reactions as tachycardia (rapid heart beat), respiratory problems, muscle pains, severe fatigue and depression. Daily Telegraph 7.12.91 Farmers Weekly 25.10.91
Appeal Victory In November, acting on instructions from the Vegetarian Society (UK), Michael Mansfield QC, defender of the Birmingham Six, successfully overturned a conviction against Jean Williamson who had been arrested under the Public Order Act and charged with displaying a "disorderly" (anti-meat) poster outside McDonalds. VSUK Press Release 15.1.92
Major C a n c e r S u r v e y The world's largest investigation into the link between diet and cancer begins this year. EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer) will involve seven European countries — including the UK — and over 250,000 people. The researchers hope to gain indicators about which elements of diet promote cancer and which protect against it. EPIC Press Release 26.11.91 5 The Vegan. Spring 1992
P r i c e of S u c c e s s The closure of the last arctic fox farm in the UK — Ovenden Wood in Halifax — brought joy to the people at the Animal Protection Foundation who had campaigned hard against it. However, the closure necessitated the costly cancellation of a national APF demonstration at the site. Consequently the APF folk are severely in debt. Contact: Animal Protection Foundation, PO Box 168, Cardiff CF55YH.
Bovine Somatotrophin (BST) before allowing national governments to license it. Three multinational drug companies have permission to conduct trials on BST for the purpose of attempting to raise milk production in cows by 20-30%. However, the Ministry of Agriculture is refusing to withdraw permission for the experiments in the West Country and milk from the tests is going straight into the normal supply, unlabelled. Independent on Sunday 15.12.91 New Scientist 18.1.92
For Cod's Sake
In Brief
Force Against Arthritis, an appeal sponsored by Seven Seas (the biggest British processor of cod liver oil) has been disbanded. The Guardian revealed that literature used to launch the appeal distorted the scientific evidence of the proven value of the oil to relieve the pain and stiffness of most people with arthritis. Guardian 4.12.91
• CAFOD, the British based Catholic charity, is sending pigs to Haiti to boost the local economy. Haiti's pig population was wiped out when a swine fever epidemic hit the country eight years ago. Telegraph 5.9.91 • Dewhurst butchers recently pleaded guilty to 23 offences under the 1990 Food Safety Act. Warwickshire magistrates ordered the company to pay more than £35,000 for offences relating to the filthy state of two of its branches in Warwick and Leamington Spa. The prosecu-
Versatile Crops In an effort to develop a constructive approach to over-production, the 12 EC Agriculture Ministers have produced draft plans for alternative uses of food crops. These include converting sugar beet into paint and petrol solvents, vegetable oils into diesel fuel, straw into fuelstock for electricity generation, oilseed rape into industrial lubricant, and flax and hemp into paper. Observer 9.2.92
tion pointed out that Dewhurst had five previous convictions. Meat Trades Journal 10.10.91 • The latest EC Census shows that the Community's pig herd has fallen by 3.5%. Farmers Weekly 20.12.91 • Consumption of wholemilk is now less than 2 pints per person per week. MAFF Food Safety Information, January 1992 • 1991 UK live exports were up a staggering 30% on 1990 to 1,186,702. There was a 15% increase in calf exports to Holland and France for veal production. Meat Trades Journal 23.1.92
APPEAL If you have qualifications or expertise in the fields of health or nutrition which you feel would be of use to the Society please contact Richard Farhall on 0424 427393.
262, KENSINQTON HIQH STREET LONDON W. 8
RESTRURRtlT
T i m e Bomb Ten thousand tonnes of meat were destroyed in a blaze at the United Meat Packers plant in County Roscommon, Ireland at the beginning of January. Residents living close to a quarry at Cregga, 30 miles from the factory, where 2,000 tonnes of the charred meat have been buried, are demanding a 'safety' bond of IR£10 million. They have described the site as an "environmental time bomb" and fear 4.5 million litres of leachate, a residue from the rotting meat, may leak into the local water supply. Meat Trades Journal 23.1.92
EC W a r y of B S T In December last year Europe's agricultural ministers voted for more research on the drug
Britain's oldest Lebanese restaurant, established 1968. We also serve vegetarian and vegan meals. A special set vegetarian or vegan menu at £6.85 per person (minimum of two people) consisting of nine different selections of hot and cold Lebanese hors d'oeuvres (Mezzeh). ALL OUR DISHES BOAST HIGH FIBRE, LOW FAT NATURAL INGREDIENTS, AND POSITIVELY NO ADDITIVES
L
aw is the universal language of natural justice. Part of its purpose is to protect people from the arbitrary power of the State and the caprice of the police. We have many legal bodies which help us to keep our hard-won freedom. Yet in turn we are capriciously cruel to those in our custody and control. We deny justice to those hamstrung by the lack of a human tongue. If animals could use the language of law would they legislate to make humans vegans? Would animals abolish abattoirs and turkeys boycott Christmas? They might, they just might. Why such an idea remains just that is because animals have no real status. More significantly, given their inability to resist injustice, they have no one to speak for them against humans. For them to have a future in our society they need animal rights with a human face. Essentially they need what we have: a legal representative, an Ombudsman, or preferably an Ombudswoman!
Minister of Justice In the early 19th century the citizens of Sweden were concerned that the Chancellor of Justice — who should have looked after their interests — was too closely linked with the Government. Consequently a new Constitution was adopted in 1809 and with it a Justitieombudsman was created. His role as a "legal spokesman or Minister of Justice" was to ensure that "the general and individual rights of the people should be protected by a guardian appointed by Parliament." His powers gave the ordinary people vicarious strength and "guaranteed their civil rights". Before he was appointed the citizens suffered in the only way open to the helpless, in silence. Thus his primary purpose was to be the power of and for the powerless. Since then many other countries have followed suit. On 4 August 1966 the English
AN ANIMALS'
DEFENDER
A WATCHDOG FOR THE UNDERDOG
Barrister Noel Sweeney, a specialist in criminal law, puts the case lor appointing a legal protector of animals 6 The Vegan. Spring 1992
Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration, popularly known as the 'Ombudsman', was appointed. His extensive investigative powers are similar to a High Court Judge. If he finds a person has been treated unjustly and those responsible refuse to remedy the wrong, he can report direct to Parliament. Then Parliament could intervene or ultimately change the position by legislation. The vital characteristic of the Ombudsman is his independence. That makes him a powerful spokesman for the weak in their dealings with the strong. Effectively he is no less than a Citizen's Defender. Animals are in a worse position and so even more in need of a legal "Defender". In a democracy there are bulwarks which guarantee people's freedom. In a dictatorship people have the final means of resolution by revolution. In both people can communicate the misery of their own state and act to change it. So by vote and voice they can persuade or force a Government to change. Conversely, be it a democracy or a dictatorship, animals are always equally unequal and denied the means of dissent. All they can do is await their fate at the gate of the abattoir and occasionally kick against the pricks.
Precedents Whilst law normally moves slowly to reflect the changing moods and mores of society, it can also lead the way. In 1965 the Race Relations Act and allied Board was introduced. The Act, which has been amended over the years to give greater protection,
Animals are in a worse position 'No coloureds, no Irish, no dogs' aided minority groups who were subject to prejudice because of their colour or caste or creed. Whilst racism still exists, the change in law has changed views and attitudes. Prior to 1965 it was not uncommon for handwritten notices advertising accommodation to proudly display the landlord's naked hatred: "no coloureds, no Irish, no dogs". In 1975 the Equal Opportunities Commission was created to ensure equal opportunity between the sexes. Using the provisions of the Equal Pay Act 1970 and the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, the EOC has made great strides in curbing many forms of discrimination which are suffered mainly by women. Even sexual harassment, once so common though not really recognized, can be remedied by law. The House of Lords has recently taken a lead from such decisions and consolidated the position of women by abolishing the rule that a husband could not rape his wife. In R v P(1991) Lord Keith said, "marriage was in modern times regarded as a partnership of equals and no longer one in which the wife was to be the subservient chattel of the husband". That case and their Lordships rejection of the per7 The Vegan. Spring 1992
ception of women as chattels — (derived from the word 'cattle') — has changed the role of women in law forever. On 14 October 1991 the Children's Act was introduced to give children new legal rights. Lord Mackay, the Lord Chancellor, called it "the most comprehensive and farreaching reform of child law which has come before Parliament in living memory". The Act was necessary because children are vulnerable and need protection from other humans who could or would harm them.
Legal Protection Blacks and women and children are all potential victims whose position has
Animals . . . are the underdog's underdog changed for the better. The law has acknowledged and lessened their vulnerability by granting them extra rights. Animals by their very nature are more vulnerable and weaker than all of these: they are the underdog's underdog. Consequently as all animals need a special protection from all humans they especially need a legal voice. So a Minister of Justice for Animals should be appointed to: 1 Promote and protect the rights and interests of animals; 2 Initiate court proceedings on their behalf when necessary; 3 Represent them in court where any action affects their future; 4 Liaise with the Law Commission to introduce a new Act or Bill of Rights with the paramount principle of protect ing the life and well-being of any animal. Although at first glance these reforms look revolutionary, in truth they are not. The only unusual aspect is that they relate to animals. These reforms are essential if animals are to have a legal personality. For without that there can be no progress towards jus animalium : justice for animals. Philosophical discussions about rights will fade into ver-
bal smokerings unless and until animals have a defined legal status. For that alone guarantees the concept of natural justice that rights run with life itself.
Welfarism y Rights Animal welfare is concerned with altruism whilst rights are concerned with justice. It is never enough to simply feel empathy or sympathy for the victim. Rights only have real meaning if they are recognized and enshrined in law. Lord Scarman, one of the greatest Judges of this century, knows that all too well. He has long been a champion of Society's pariahs. On October 10 1991 he was advocating the cause and value of a Bill of Rights for Bangladeshis in England. Lord Scarman said the Bill would give them "the protection of an enforceable law, itself protected by the constitution . . . their minority status would not expose then to discrimination to their disadvantage in the countless ways in which they currently suf-
Animal welfare can be retrogressive and inimical to the longterm interests of animals fer". Animals need legal rights for precisely the same reason. The sword and shield of law would change their fate and fortune and future forever. An Ombudswoman would be able to advance the case for animal rights rather than animal welfare. For perversely animal welfare can be retrogressive and inimical to the long-term interests of animals. The ever-present danger is in concentrating on the size of cages and humane stunning and the reason for experiments you can forget the victim's fate. Animal welfare may lead to killing with kindness but the victim is still dead. Making a slave more comfortable does nothing to end slavery. Perforce an Animals' Defender would be concerned with animal liberation. For liberation is the only future for animals and to that end we are their only enemy. ŠJVC Sweeney 1991
AFTER THE COUP WHAT NEXT FOR VEGANS AND VEGETARIANS?
I
n July 1991 at the European Vegetarian Congress held in Chester, I met Tatayana Pavlova the President of the Vegetarian Society of the Soviet Union. It was decided that I would visit the Soviet Union (as it was then known) to exchange information and observe first hand the problems facing vegetarians and vegans. Three weeks later the c o u p took place and I wondered if my planned visit in November would still be possible. Telephone and mail communications were futile. Many letters were destroyed in Moscow after the coup. Two of seven faxes sent were never received. I continued to plan my visit and made arrangements to visit the Baltic Republics as well. Finally my official invitation from the Soviet Vegetarian Society arrived in 8
England. I was told it would be no problem to have my visa issued in Stockholm by the Soviet Embassy before departing to Estonia. A tentative itinerary was established for lectures, meetings and observations of health facilities in the Baltic Republics. A departure date was set for 7 November 1991, to sail from Stockholm to Tallin, Estonia. On 4 November I went to the Soviet Embassy in Stockholm to get my visa. I was informed that my invitation was peculiar and that the embassy did not recognize the Vegetarian Society as an official group. However, since I was American I could pay approximately 800 kronors (US $133.00) and have a visa issued to me overnight. I refused to pay the money and went to the newly established Latvian and Estonian Consulate where I was
immediately issued a visa within five minutes for $12.50.
Sea Crossing On November 7 I boarded the Estline Ferry and took the fifteen hour voyage to Tallin, Estonia. The ship was crowded with many people from Sweden who travel back and forth to Estonia for an inexpensive holiday. Upon arrival at the port, travellers can have an instant visa issued for Estonia. Pay your fee in hard currency and no questions are asked. My friend Ilga Purina, an English professor at Riga Technical College, met me in Tallin. I gave her some bananas that I had smuggled past customs. She was elated as bananas are the fruit most people gorge on The Vegan. Spring 1992
when they go to the West. Most people there have never tasted a banana or any other tropical fruit. Together we took a train to Riga, Latvia. The only way to get a taxi to the train station is to pay in hard currency. The 50 single dollar bills that I had hidden came in handy! The train was packed with hard open-seated benches holding six people to a unit. During the seven hour ride I observed two women acting very excitedly. Ilga told me that these women were discussing how lucky they were to get some sausage today, an increasingly rare commodity. Late that night we arrived in Riga. I then went home with Ilga to her fifth floor flat near the centre of the city. Ilga had been without constant running water for over two years. This is because a KGB officer's housing is located across the street and private water pumping units had been installed. This left no water pressure for the other area residents and is why Ilga had water only for ten minutes at 3.00am. Her mother woke each night to fill the bath tub with water for their use.
I had begun to wonder if the nutritional needs of vegans could be met and if it was possible for them to live in Latvia I toured Riga 9-10 November. I have a dim first impression of the state run vegetable stores. Beets, shredded cabbage, potatoes, onion, persimmons and apples were on sale that would have been discarded in the rubbish by US and UK standards. There was a cabbage and carrot mixture in jars, and apples mixed with sugar which was used for jam. In another shop one kind of bean was available and one box of oatmeal per person a month was allotted. At this point I had begun to wonder if the nutritional needs of vegans could be met and if it was possible for them to live in Latvia.
Crippling Early in the morning I visited a private market where local farmers sold their produce. Here red ripe tomatoes, lemons, leeks, peppers, dried fruit, raisins, apricots, sultanas, walnuts, spices and even lettuce could be found. Unfortunately, most people can't afford to buy this produce since salaries average at US $10-$ 14 per month. Food prices have tripled but salaries have not been adjusted to accommodate this rise. It is impossible for someone to buy one kilo of walnuts for 55 roubles if their monthly income is only 200R. Lemons that come from the Ukraine sell for 30-40R per kilo, dried fruit 35R per kilo and potatoes 4R per kilo. This may seem like very little money to foreigners but it is crippling to those trying to follow a vegetarian/vegan diet. Everyone seemed very concerned with what I was going to eat. Ilga's mother who speaks German, Russian and Latvian tried to get me to eat cheese. I kept trying to explain to her that I was vegan but couldn't convince her. I enjoyed eating some beets, cabbage 9 The Vegan. Spring 1992
and Russian bread but avoided any uncooked food or unboiled water since they are possible health hazards to foreigners. A local delight called Latvian Pineapple was made in my honour — yellow squash cut in small pieces, boiled in sugar water until it turns golden then put into glass jars.
Eduardas took me to the Parliament building where he and his mother stood on 13 January 1991, trying to protect it from Soviet troops Lilita Postaza, a famous Latvian textile artist, was introduced to me. She had founded a spiritual circle of vegetarians. I discovered that three were vegan but did not realize there was such a term or that others led this way of life. Most eat the same foods every day and have never heard of tofu or soya milk. Sunflower and pumpkin seeds are found occasionally but do not come shelled. They are also expensive so it is an enormous effort to use them in a recipe. I showed them how to make sunflower milk anyway and distributed copies of The Vegan (UK) and Vegetarian Times (USA) — along with books, leaflets and other literature. After a short discussion, the group decided to organize a new group — The Vegetarian Society of Latvia. I bade my new friends in the movement goodbye and promised to let the West know of their existence. Efforts at obtaining a Soviet visa in Latvia were useless. I was told it would take up to a month or longer. Besides no tickets were available on the trains to Moscow as the new capitalists (who I call opportunists) had bought most of the available tickets for ten times the price.
Onwards I boarded an overnight train to Vilnus, Lithuania and tried not to be noticed for the ride. The sleeping compartment held four small bunk beds. The ticket cost 15R (approximately 25 cents) for the eight hour ride. On 12 November my guide and vegetarian friend, Eduardas Mickevious, met me at the station. We took several trams to his flat in the first district of Vilnus, a suburb. There I showered and ate some vegan food beautifully prepared by Roma, Eduardas' mother, who is vegetarian too. Lithuania had just announced free prices which meant all shops could set or raise prices on all food except meat, milk and butter, all of which are in short supply. Bread had risen from 1-2R overnight. Eduardas took me to the Parliament building where he and his mother stood on 13 January 1991, trying to protect it from the Soviet troops who had taken over the TV station and rolled over civilians with their tanks. The building, still covered in barbwire and barricades had memorials and signs for freedom all around it.
Roma knows all about what it is to struggle. When she was a small girl her family was exiled to Siberia for having too much farmland. Her father died there and her mother was imprisoned. Today she works twelve hour shifts at a factory canteen where she serves 50% vegetarian food. Her dream is to open a vegetarian restaurant in Vilnus. I visited vegetable stores and observed the food supply situation to be better than in Latvia. One noticeable difference was that when people queued they could do so inside the stores instead of outside braving the elements for hours. That evening we boarded an overnight train to Palanga, a Baltic Sea resort town. There was no heat on the train so again I counted the hours until we arrived.
Morning Fitness Ten and a half hours later we arrived in Kretinga which was twenty five kilometres from our destination. We boarded a bus for Palanga which cost 20R. We arrived in Palanga where a Health School Retreat Centre is located. I was scheduled to meet with the staff, observe how the place operated and give a lecture on veganism. The centre has some fitness programmes modelled on the Cooper Physical Fitness Conditioning Centre in Dallas, Texas. People go there for a fifteen day retreat to rest, lose weight, fast, exercise and learn about nature cure therapies. Breakfast consisted of sprouted wheatberries with carrots. The place was full with 200 people every session. Everyone must run five kilometres through the forest to the Baltic Sea for their graduation. I was asked if I would like to swim naked in the Baltic Sea with the morning group. I declined gracefully. The cost for the two week stay is two months salary for most people. I talked to a woman on her thirtieth day of fasting. Her six year-old stayed with her at the health centre. She told me she would like to raise her children on a vegetarian diet but feared for their nutritional needs. An eighty seven year-old vegetarian man from Moscow was there who had just had his cells biologically tested. He was told his internal organs were in the same condition as a 25 year-old!
I bade my new friends in the movement goodbye and promised to let the West know of their existence Through an interpreter I talked to a group of 120 people who sat intently through my presentation. Some were shocked to find out the correlation of some diseases in relation to a non-vegetarian diet and how many people in other countries were practising veganism. Lots of questions followed especially about raising children on a vegan diet and the reversal of life threatening diseases with proper vegetarian nutrition. to be continued . . .
Veganism and Fitness In this, the first in a series of articles, former vegan professional footballing brothers Neil Robinson (FA Coach) and John Robinson (BA in Sports Studies) contend that diet alone cannot guarantee good health
i
A
part from the ethical reasons for becoming a vegan, possibly one of the major benefits of veganism is the adoption of a healthier diet — i.e. an increase in vegetables, fruits, grains, pulses etc. and hopefully, a decrease in fat consumption, particularly saturated fat. We know, from considerable medical research throughout the world, that saturated fat is a contributory factor in the development of coronary heart disease, and therefore the elimination of animal fats from the vegan diet must certainly mean that vegans are healthier and fitter than their carnivorous counterparts. But this doesn't necessarily ring true. Why? Because we believe that the adoption of a healthier diet is not a panacea of all ills — although it certainly does go a long way in achieving this. Instead we believe that vegans must adopt a healthier 10
lifestyle and this lifestyle must include some form of aerobic and muscle conditioning exercise. In this series of articles we intend to show firstly how and why these forms of exercise are important and to give some advice as to how levels of fitness can be increased in conjunction with a vegan diet. In a later article we will be including a survey of the vegan sportswear and equipment currently available.
Aerobic Exercise The word aerobic means "living in air" or "utilizing oxygen". You are in an aerobic state when you sit in a chair and breathe normally because the amounts of oxygen that you are taking in and that your body is using are in balance. As you begin to exercise, however, your body requires more oxygen. As a result, your rate of breathing increases, and
your heart pumps faster to supply the extra oxygen. But as was the case when you were sitting, you can stay in an aerobic state during exercise as long as you maintain a balance between your intake of oxygen and your output of bodily energy. On the other hand, if you exercise too hard, you may become 'anaerobic'. That is, your body will begin to use more oxygen that you take in, and you will quickly become exhausted (Cooper, 1985). During aerobic exercise, we extract oxygen from the air and it is combined with the nutrients we have ingested (especially carbohydrates and fats) and is then converted into energy for the working muscles. Anaerobic exercise supplies the muscles with energy but without the use of oxygen, and the working muscles, as stated, will tire quickly.
Aerobic exercise includes brisk walking, jogging/running, cycling, swimming, and circuit weight training using light weights. Anaerobic exercise includes sprinting activities and weight training using heavy weights.
Guidance To reap the benefits of aerobic exercise, remember the acronym FIT = Frequency, Intensity, Time (Cooper, 1988). Frequency = 3-5 times a week Intensity = 65%-80% of you maximum heart rate (MHR) Time = a minimum of 20 minutes Your MHR is worked out as follows: For physically inactive men and women, use 220 minus your age. For conditioned or physically active men, use 205 minus half your age. Then multiply your MHR by 65%-80% and this will be your Target Zone (TZ) exercise intensity. For example, a physically active man 42 years of age would have a MHR of: 205 - 42 divided by 2 = 184. His TZ would then be 65%-80% of 184 = 120 to 147 beats per minute (bpm). For a woman 32 years of age, her MHR would be: 220 - 32 = 188. Her TZ would then be 65%80% of 188 = 122 to 150 bpm. As well as requiring aerobic exercise for cardiovascular fitness, we also believe that everybody should keep the skeletal muscles of the human body conditioned through the use of resistance exercise. If not, and as old age ensues, our muscles will become enfeebled and will atrophy. The best form of resistance exercise is weight training, of which there are many diverse methods, all depending on the type of conditioning required for your muscles — whether it be a body building routine for an Arnold Schwarzenegger type of physique or a weight training routine to supplement athletic training a la Sebastian Coe. Our prescription for a healthier lifestyle, therefore, is a low fat vegan diet incorporating aerobic and muscle conditioning exercise, of which we will outline some programmes in our next article.
References Cooper, Dr Kenneth H, Running Without Fear, Bantam Books, 1985 Cooper, Dr Kenneth H, Controlling Cholesterol, Bantam Books, 1988 The Vegan. Spring 1992
F
ollowing the Woolf Report, the Government has now published a White Paper and there does seem to be some glimmer of hope for serious improvements in the prison system. For example, the Society recently received a letter from the Prison Service advising that a pilot scheme has started at a male prison where convicted prisoners can wear their own clothing (female prisoners already have this option). Trials are likely to be carried out at other prisons and then it will be decided if all prisoners should be allowed to wear all, or some of their own clothing. If adopted, this will alleviate the problem of vegans being forced to wear woollen clothing and leather shoes. Footwear, however, continues to be a problem; the wearing of non-standard types of footwear — e.g. man made — is still subject to medical approval! HMP Maghaberry in Northern Ireland provides a shining example for other establishments to follow. It allows inmates to wear their own clothing, and every week they are allowed to receive a parcel of desired toiletries —
Prison Eye
Prison Pets
Prison Liaison Officer Sandra Battram submits her regular report on the treatment of vegans in the penal system
together with a reasonable quantity of fresh fruit.
Making a Complaint Diet remains a problem. Prisoners experiencing difficulties should follow the usual com-
ANIMAL RIGHTS PRISONERS •
in Parliament. Depending on the response, the prisoner could get a solicitor to take up his/her case by contacting the Legal Aid Officer. If guidelines laid down by the Home Office are being ignored by individual catering officers, and governors and the Home Office are not prepared to adhere to these guidelines, then the case could ultimately be heard by the European Court of Human Rights.
plaints procedure and attempt to get a written response from the Governor. If the response is unacceptable, prisoners can apply for a Parliamentary Petition. This is not just an ordinary petition but one that goes to the prisoner's MP and is read out
In the Winter 1991 issue of Prison Report (published by the Prison Reform Trust), mention is made of the Prison Service examining the rehabilitation of offenders using animals. While the introduction of animals would in all probability be appreciated by many prisoners they have more important needs — stronger family links, better health and diet, education etc. The parallels between restrictions on pets and prisoners are clear. The suggestion that caged birds should be allowed in prisons must surely constitute the ultimate curb on liberty — a cage within a cage!
Fleece jacket in 100% polyester for warmth and comfort in coldest conditions.
Green/Purple, Navy/Purple. M- XXL
Phone 0341 - 4 2 2 1 9 5 w i t h your A c c e s s or Barclaycard details or s e n d c h e q u e to CADER IDRIS OUTDOOR G E A R , E l d o n Square, D O L G E L L A U , G w y n e d d LL40 1PS 11 The Vegan. Spring 1992
Shoparound
Annie Brosnan continues her survey of new vegan products
S
oup to begin . . . and Baxters have increased their green label Vegetarian soup range to include two that are veganfriendly — Chilli Bean and Sweet and Sour Vegetable. For an early starter, try one of Petty, Wood & Co 's new mueslis under the Epicure label — Luxury Muesli and Tropical Cluster. I've not yet tried either of them, but they do sound rather good!
Ploughshares This exciting company has brought out a Soya Cream Cheese that, again, although I've not yet tried it, does sound completely delicious! Ploughshares will supply by mail order (0458 831182), and there is probably more news to come from them shortly. By way of some interesting information, Ploughshares also offers a complete vegan catering service and they run a 1—3 week residential Diploma Course in vegan cuisine.
Cranky (But not really!) From Cranks Wholefoods comes a new range of frozen vegetarian dishes, and 12
Unfortunately I am told that it is quite hard to come by, so pester your local shops for it.
is available from many health food shops, leading department stores and chocolate shops.
Organic
Vegan Babies
Country Grown Foods of Michegan, USA, produce raw organic foods which are now being supplied in this country through Whole Earth. The range includes organic whole and flaked grains, pulses, beans, seeds, flours, popcorn, nuts and fruits — so it should keep some of us going for a while! Miso is causing quite a culinary coup in certain circles . . . and now it is available from Source Foods, with the Amylase Range in the form of light, organic, low-salt misos. They vary in flavour and texture from "light creaminess" to "strong savoury and lively earthy tastes". What do you do with it? Well, it can be used as seasoning (like salt, but much better for you), for soups and stocks, dips and dressings (great as a thickener), as a sandwich filling, like vinegar as a pickling medium and lots, lots more!
Boots has produced a range of organic baby foods called Mother's Recipe. The vegan items in the range are: (for babies from three months) Tender Carrot Puree, Spring Carrots and Potatoes, and Carrot Juice; and (for babies from four months) Spring Carrots.
In a Can three of them are vegan. These are the Mixed Bean Ratatouille, the Spicy Bean Hotpot and the Vegetable Curry. The good news: they will be widely available . . . ; the bad news: due to a distribution deal with Loseley Dairy Products . . . ! Oh well, you can't have it all your own way!
From Whole Earth you can now buy Wholewheat Spaghetti, made with organic pasta and tomatoes, in a can. The sauce is thickened with organic brown rice flour and there is extra flavour from the Norwegian sea kelp.
Vegfood
Zest has come up with another delicious sauce that goes well with anything — I even have it on toast and in sandwiches! Dill Herb Sauce is tangy and piquant and livens up whatever it looks at. From Vessen comes two new interesting mustards (Garlic Mustard with Chives and English Herb Mustard) and two new jellies (Redcurrant and Orange Jelly and Gage in Apple Jelly). I'm definitely a sandwich person, because I think the jellies are great between bread as well!
A new company based in Birmingham has recognized the need to cater for the increasing numbers of vegetarians (and, implicitly, vegans). By the time this issue of The Vegan has come out Vegfood Ltd will be up and running with their pre-prepared dehydrated meals such as Vegetable Biryani, Vegetable Pulao, Khichdi (a ricey lentil dish), Curried Dal and Sooji Halwa (a sweet dish based on semolina and nuts). Vegfood hopes to provide a mail order service in the near future.
'Silky' Cauldron Foods has added to its range of tofus one which is smoother and softer in texture (hence 'Silken') and therefore more useful in sauces and dips.
Hair Today Biorganic Hair Therapy has been described as the "vegetarian diet for hair". Well, it's also all vegan. The range is divided into Cleansing Therapy, Treatment Therapy and Styling Therapy. The company has very stringent criteria for their ingredients and the standards of their products, both commercially and environmentally. Previously only available through professional hair salons, the Biorganic range can now be bought through mail order (061 872 9813). Annie Brosnan
Late News Notes • L G Harris produces the No-Loss range of nylon bristle decorating brushes. It will be available from B&Q from July onwards. For mail order/nearest stockist details contact:
Flavour-ey
Go Nutty! Again, from Whole Earth — they've been busy — comes an organic Cereal Bar with no added sugar. Also, Green & Black's Organic Dark Chocolate, which has been receiving some very favourable publicity. Britain's first organic chocolate
• Those Levi jeans not possessing leather attachments sport red and black "tabs". • An alternative to conventional carpeting, which has the appearance and feel of wool (if that is any Recommendation) and is static free, is the jute carpet. (Jute is the refined inner bark of the Linden tree.) One supplier of such carpets is: Wye Bridge Carpets, 16 Bridge Street, Hereford. 0432 273467. • Keep an eye open for two new "biological" products from Ark: Laundry Liquid and Concentrated Washing Powder. • BEWARE the shiny Washington Red apples sold in Tesco — they are glazed with shellac (insect secretion). The Vegan. Spring 1992
London WC1N 3XX.
Ron Spills the Beans
Please send me your ideas, drawings, jokes, questions or useful tips for the Young Vegans page — anything you think readers would be interested in.
It's a Stick Up Five year-old vegan Nicola Lane has produced a slogan which the Campaign Against Leather & Fur is using as a sticker. The slogan is 'Don't Turn Pigs into Pork!' (black on white). If you want to buy some just send 50p for 100 stickers to: CALF, BM Box 8889,
The original clown who became famous worldwide promoting McDonalds burgers has become vegetarian. Geoffrey Guiliano, an actor who lives just outside New York, is now rescuing animals destined for the dinner table. He recently said: "Meat is murder" and "I brainwashed youngsters into doing wrong — eating burgers. I want to say sorry to children everywhere for selling out to the concerns who make millions by murdering animals."
Prize Crossword An Animal Free Shopper goes to each of the first 3 correct entries pulled out of the hat on 1 May 1992. When you have answered all the clues, the letters left in the shaded areas, when rearranged, spell out a vegan-related word. Just write this word, together with your name and address, on a postcard and send it to the Vegan Society office. This competition is open to anyone 16 years of age or under. Across 1 Birth cord (9) 5 Fertile area in the desert (5) 8 Colour of grass (5) 9 Not me (3) 10 Gave food (3) 12 Abbreviation of doctor (2) 13 Bed . . . . (4) 14 Produces acoms (3) 16 Adhesive (4) 17 Remained (6) 18 Another word for 'alright' (2) 19 Experimentation on animals (11) Down
used to advertise in The Vegan (5)
Part of a cow (5) Used to hunt hares (6) Last name of well-known fruitarian who 13 The Vegan. Spring 1992
Spiders home (3) Vegans drink this instead of cow$ milk (4&4) 7 Not open (4) 10 Jack (5)
11 Comedy programme by Carla Lane (5) 15 Female chicken (3) 16 A cloven animal that eats anything (4)
Dissection Ban
Pen Pals List
Liverpool Council has voted to ban dissection in schools in their area. Thanks to the hard work of local groups and a sympathetic councillor who supported the motion, a major breakthrough has been achieved to end the suffering of animals in the education system. Thousands of animals such as mice, rats and frogs are bred and killed every year to be dissected in school laboratories. Human biology is studied by using models, diagrams and videos and not by dissecting dead human beings so there really is no excuse for using animals in biology!
The pen pals list is still going but there are only a few names and addresses on it with ages ranging from 8-15 years. If you would like to be included please send in your name, address, age, hobbies and interests plus a stamped addressed envelope for a copy.
A Letter People have said to me that there isn't enough land around to grow vegetable foods if everyone was vegan. They also say that a lot of land is unsuitable to grow these foods which is why it is used as grazing for sheep, etc. I don't know how to reply properly to these questions. • Lucy Chapman, London. Well Lucy, firstly, there is plenty of land to grow vegetable foodstuffs. In fact, it would require far less land to feed our population on a vegan diet than a conventional one. What people don't realize is that we use up about 90% of our land in Britain to grow crops to feed animals instead of using this land to feed ourselves directly. We also import crops from many Third World countries to feed our farm animals. It has been estimated that it takes about 6 lbs of plant protein to produce 1 lb of animal protein. Although it is difficult to grow crops in some areas, ample space is available in areas where crops do grow well. The Movement for Compassionate Living provides some excellent information on land use and vegan-organic agriculture. For more information send an SAE to: MCL, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey KT22 8NQ.
Amanda Rofe
Robin Lane (an oldie) has kindly sent us his mum's chocolate cake recipe for you to make as a special treat for your family and friends. Here it is: 8 oz (225g) Allinsons Wholemeal Self-Raising flour 1 level teaspoon cream of tartar 1 level teaspoon bicarbonate of soda 6 level dessertspoons cocoa 7 oz (200g) caster sugar 2 tablespoons soya flour >/2 pt (250ml) water Coffee filling: 2 oz (55g) vegan margarine 2 oz (55g) icing sugar 1 teaspoon coffee essence or strong coffee few drops of vanilla essence Sift flour into a basin with the bicarbonate of soda and cream of tartar. Add soya flour and sugar, then mix together. Stir in the water. Turn evenly into 2 greased 7" sandwich tins. Bake in a moderate oven at 200 °C/400 °F (Gas Mark 6) for about 25 minutes. Leave in the tins until cool before turning out. Coffee filling: Cream soya margarine with half the sugar then add remainder and cream again. Stir in coffee essence or strong coffee gradually to required consistency. When smooth add a few drops of vanilla flavouring. When finished leave the cake in a tin overnight before cutting.
SQUEAKT
CLEAN There comes a point when even the laziest of us must concede that the grime has outstayed its welcome. Reluctant house cleaner Dianne Woollam examines a grubby subject
£ £ Use elbow grease!" commanded my mother. "Where do you buy that from?" I replied. I was about ten at the time, and assumed it came in a tin. My mother wasn't quite so amused though. Like many housewives, past and present, she was houseproud, and spent what seemed to me like hours dusting and polishing, keeping everything squeaky clean and whiter than white. At the time I thought she was barmy. Twenty years later, a grown woman who doesn't have her mother on site to run around after her, I have to admit that even I see the necessity for the odd bit of cleaning up. And these days, of course, things are easier for us than they were for our mothers. Supermarket shelves abound with miraculous cleansers, powders and polishers which the Admen assure us will give us germ-free homes and tee shirts so white we need sunglasses to look at them. Miraculous indeed . . .
Be warned, however, entire ranges from these companies are not necessarily suitable for vegans Until you remember the flip side. Most of these "wonderful" products have undergone extensive animal testing, and in some cases the ingredients list leaves a lot to be desired as well. And let's face it, just because some chemical-ridden product doesn't actually contain any animal extracts, that doesn't mean it's acceptable for use. Consider what happens when you pour that product down the drain — from where it makes its way into the soil, the waterways, and ultimately affects the animal and plant species for miles around. It doesn't make ecological sense. Chemicals, we must remember, can kill.
(Not) Tested on Animals Many people these days — vegans and nonvegans alike — are aware of the issues concerning animal-testing and cosmetics (a topic I covered in the Autumn 1991 Vegan) and a large number have responded to the publicity and their consciences and changed their shopping habits, buying products from 'cruelty-free' suppliers. Sadly, the connection that links hand-soap with soap powder, or perfume with room-scenting sprays, has largely still to be made. Home office figures show that in 1990 1,486 animals were used in tests for household products. (In 1989 it was 4,017.) While this represents an encouraging downward trend, it still represents an unacceptable toll in pain and suffering. Again the Draize Test and Lethal Dose 50 test are much used. A particularly nasty test also used for household products is the Teratogenicity Test. Pregnant animals are injected with, or fed, the substance on trial, 14
The Vegan. Spring 1992
and the young are delivered slightly prematurely by Caesarean section. These new lives are then checked for abnormalities, killed, and sectioned for microscopic investigation. This is totally barbaric. All this suffering is in the aid of the "new", "improved" or "advanced" products we see on our supermarket shelves. Once again — surely there are enough products on the market already? Do we really need any more? And what can concerned individuals do about it? The obvious answer is vote with your feet. As with cosmetics, individuals can support those manufacturers who do not test on animals, and who produce animal-free products. The Animal Free Shopper gives some ideas to get you started, and companies such as Ark, Clear Spring, Ecover, Honesty and Little Green Shop are reasonably well-established providers of animal-friendly housecare products. Some supermarkets are also developing ranges which are at least partly animal-free — Safeways 1990-launched Ecologic range is one example. Be warned, however, entire ranges from these companies are not necessarily suitable for vegans. Ecover Washing-Up-Liquid contains milk whey!
Ye Olde Tips In addition, some vegans may want to take a more 'radical' approach than simply selecting suitable products at the shops — you may want to make your own, or use age-old household items that were used by our ancestors. After all, the Victorian housewife did not have supermarkets to go to, nor shelves of ready-made cleaning products,
and even forty years ago women (and perhaps a few men!) were keeping their houses clean and safe with everyday products such as vinegar and borax. The very fact that homes were kept hygienic and clothes clean by such methods only reinforces the doubt as to whether many of the products of today's consumer age are really necessary.
Ideas for the DIY approach will be found in the most unlikely sources For the adventurous vegan, experimenting with vinegar, linseed oil and lemon juice can not only be satisfying but fun. Ideas for the DIY approach will be found in the most unlikely sources. For example, a nineteen fiftees small-holders book contains, amongst other unpleasant recipes for soap made from animal fats, ideas for restoring colour to stained dark blue fabrics by using water in which ivy has been simmered for three hours!
Does it matter if your tee shirt is whiter than white as long as it's actually clean? Vinegar is an excellent glass cleaner — both for your windows and your wine glasses — and even for the lenses of spectacles. It can also be used for descaling kettles and hot as a paint remover as well. Olive oil can be used as furniture polish, as can linseed oil mixed with vinegar. Salt is good for clean-
ing brass and copper. Lemon juice can be used on stains. Baking soda will help whiten tea-stained mugs, and borax or baking powder will help you scrub your bath or sink! Flies? A sprig of lavender will do the trick. And household smells? There's no need for a room freshener. Use pot pourri, grow scented plants, or open the window. And if you want to revamp your carpet, try sprinkling it with cornflour before vacuuming — I find a few drops of lemon essential oil make it smell deliciously fresh as well.
In Perspective One last point — let me set the record straight. In no way am I suggesting that vegans should live in squalor amidst a mound of dust and grime. Hopefully I have shown that animal-free cleanliness is more that possible. However — one word of caution. It is only too easy in this media-orientated age to feel pressure to have a home that positively glistens, and to feel paranoid if a speck of dust sits on the skirting board or if you can't see your face in the kitchen floor. Admen exist to make us feel we need certain products, and images of women with mops abound on afternoon TV. This social pressure directly contributes to the misery of animals when people rush out and buy these products. Apart from buying 'cruelty-free' and experimenting with baking soda, we might do both ourselves and animals a favour if we were able to lighten up over the desire for a spotless house and pristine clothing. After all, does it matter if your tee shirt is whiter than white as long as it's actually clean? At least your conscience will be spotless.
SI>aH INTERNATIONAL VEGAN FESTIVAL The Sixth International Vegan Festival will be held in Britain from 1st to 8th August 1992. This event will be a combination of conference and holiday, and will include lectures, workshops, videos, games, yoga, folk singing and dancing, visits to places of interest and more! It will take place at a vegetarian yoga centre '/2 hour's train journey north of London. Subjects for lectures and workshops will be: Campaigning for Animals, The Environment, Agriculture and the Third World, Health and Nutrition, and Veganism in an Omnivorous World. Speakers include: Mark Gold, Joyce D'Silva, Dr Alan Long, Kathleen Jannaway, Dr David Ryde and Dr Gill Langley. The cost is expected to be between £140 and £220 for the full week, depending on type of accommodation. Places are limited, non-residents also welcome. ALL PARTICIPANTS, INCLUDING DAY-VISITORS, MUST BOOK IN ADVANCE. For further details, please send an SAE to the address below:
HELP WANTED! Anyone living within reasonable distance of Biggleswade, Bedfordshire, and able to accommodate one or more vegans during the week of 1-8 August 1992 is asked to contact Barbara Gamsa-Jackson on 0245 359534 as soon as possible. She especially needs to find free accommodation for some Eastern European delegates in order for them to be able to afford to attend. 15 The Vegan. Spring 1992
INTERNATIONAL VEGAN FESTIVALS Barbara Gamsa-Jackson sets the scene for the Sixth International Vegan Festival up in France, Germany and Italy. There is, of course, a long way to go. Although there are wellestablished vegan societies in The Netherlands, Sweden, North America and Australia, and smaller groups and/or journals in Belgium, Argentina, Japan and South Africa, in addition to the new organizations mentioned above, that still leaves most of the globe without any organized promotion of veganism.
Eastern Europe
I
nternational Vegan Festivals began in the early 1980s, and were initiated by Kirsten Jungsberg of Denmark. So far they have been held in Denmark, Sweden, Germany and The Netherlands. This year the Festival will be held in the UK for the first time (see page 15 for details). The Festivals are a combination of conference and holiday for vegans of all ages and nationalities. At the last Festival, in 1990 in The Netherlands, over 90 people attended from 10 different European countries, Canada and the USA.
New Growth
What is encouraging, however, is that there is often great interest once the concept of veganism is 'discovered'. This is perhaps particularly noticeable at the moment in Eastern Europe. The Estonian Vegetarian Society recently arranged for Ulla Troeng (President of the Swedish Vegan Society and also of the Nordic Vegan Union) to give lectures, and radio and television interviews about veganism in that country. Around the same time, Julia Hope Jacquel of the Gentle World vegan community in Hawaii was touring Russia, Latvia and Lithuania. They discovered that a vegan cafe was in the process of being started in Tallinn, capital of Estonia! No doubt some readers will be most surprised to hear that there are actually vegans (even raw food ones) in some parts of Eastern Europe, chiefly in what was the Soviet Union
and in Poland. However, food shortages make it impossible to be more than about \ vegan in places like Czechoslovakia and Romania at
Food shortages make it impossible to be more than about \ vegan in places like Czechoslovakia and Romania present. I hope that we will be able to welcome some Eastern Europeans to this year's Vegan Festival, and offer them information and encouragement to follow and spread the vegan way of life. At the time of writing (January) I am still awaiting responses from firms approached for sponsorship, as well as from anyone living near the border of Bedfordshire/Cambridgeshire/Hertfordshire willing to accommodate a visitor or two for the week. I also hope the Sixth International Vegan Festival will be successful in encouraging veganism internationally long after the event itself has ended. Barbara Gamsa-Jackson Vegans International contact for the UK and organizer of the Sixth International Vegan Festival
As well as providing an opportunity for people to become better informed about many aspects of veganism, and to make friends with vegans from overseas, the Festivals are prov-
There are well-established vegan societies in The Netherlands, Sweden, North America and Australia ing to be very supportive for those from countries where veganism is in its infancy. At the 1990 Festival, Vegans International was founded — a network of volunteers in over 11 countries. Since then, and due in no small part to the encouragement and support of Vegans International, vegan societies have been started 16
The Vegan. Spring 1992
The Vegan
CLUB DRAW RESULTS October 1991
1 st 2nd 3rd
242 176 198
A Davenport Mrs A Blake R Parkin
£53.62 £32.17 £21.46
The Vegan
CLUB DRAW Cash prizes every
If you enjoy a bit of a flutter why not help the Vegan Society at the same time? Each month, three cash prizes will be drawn comprising 50% of that month's pool. The monthly stake is just £1.50 and you can enter as many times as you wish! On the last working day of each month, the winning entries will be drawn. Just complete the application form below and enclose your remittance for 3, 6 or 12 months as required. Don't worry about forgetting to renew — you will be reminded in good time! All results will be published in The Vegan.
N o v e m b e r 1991
1st 2nd 3rd
236 114 214
Barbara Mayo-Turner Martyn le Butt Mrs M Woods
£55.50 £37.00 £18.50
D e c e m b e r 1991
1st 2nd 3rd
272 273 320
Martin Mays Susan Williams L D Findlay
£51.75 £31.05 £20.70
January 1992
1st 2nd 3rd
267 138 186
Rex Walsh Diane Smith Ray & Nikki Newington
£51.00 £30.60 £20.40
The Vegan
CLUB DRAW Name Address Postcode Please enter me for
months
3 MONTHS (£4.50 per stake) 6 MONTHS (£9.00 per stake) 12 MONTHS (£18.00 per stake) Return to: Club Draw Organizer, The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. This form may be photocopied
GRAND CRUELTY-FREE DRAW 1992 First Prize • £1000 Second Prize • £250 Third Prize • £100
Plus 10 consolation prizes of £10 The draw will take place on Friday 31 July 1992 at the Vegan Society office Requests for books of Grand Cruelty-Free Draw tickets should be directed to: The Vegan Society (GCFD), 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. (Tel. 0424 427393)
Ticket stubs and monies must be returned no later than Wednesday 29 July 1992
Cheques/POs should be made payable to 'The Vegan Society'
17 The Vegan. Spring 1992
Tel.No. stake/s for
I enclose cheque/PO payable to The Vegan Society' for £
The Vegan Society
GOOD LUCK!
month!
Most cities now boast an oriental supermarket. Famously there is London's Chinatown, but any place with a sizeable Chinese community will, most likely, have one. They offer rich pickings for the intrepid vegan, stocking varied delicious wonders from dried lily flower to freshly made tofu, from the vitamin and proteinpacked miso to bizarre sugar- laden confections, from heavenly smelling teas to the notoriously pongy durian fruit. Stumble across a good shop and you could spend hours just looking at all the different seaweeds and brands of soy sauce, only to be left wondering how to cook these delights . . . Below are some savoury ideas for these marvellous foods.
ADVENTURES IN AN
ORIENTAL
Miso Miso is fermented soy bean paste and a staple of the Japanese diet. It is commonly available in three different types: mugi, aka and h a t c h o . In mugi m i s o the soy beans have been allowed to ferment with b a r l e y . In aka m i s o rice is the added ingredient, while with hatcho miso only soy beans along with a special mould are used in its manufacture. The natural ferm e n t a t i o n process required m e a n s that m i s o is a good vegan source of vitamin B12 [Though there is some doubt about the proportion that can be absorbed by the body. Ed]. Traditionally a preserving agent and a descendant of soy sauce, it is best used to make a broth. In Shojin cuisine, the 600 year tradition of vegan cookery found in Zen monasteries, the stock is made from konbu seaweed. While this can be found in oriental supermarkets, I prefer to make a stock f r o m a variety of western vegetables or to use water in its place.
BASIC MISO BROTH Makes two bowls 1 tablespoon sunflower oil 1 tablespoon sesame oil (make sure it is the kind extracted from roasted sesame seeds; this is dark brown in colour and readily available at oriental supermarkets) 1 small onion 3 / 4 pint of good unsalted stock or water 1 generous tablespoon mugi, aka or hatcho miso Thinly slice the onion. Add the mixture of oils to a w o k or saucepan and saute the o n i o n o v e r a m e d i u m heat until lightly b r o w n . T h e n add the stock or water. Dissolve the miso in a little reserved stock or water and then add this to the broth. 18
Richard Youngs invites you to accompany him on a venture into the realms of exotic cuisine
Heat through and serve. On no account boil the miso for this will destroy not only the flavour but the goodness. You can experiment with adding extra ingredients. A popular addition in many Japanese households is pieces of boiled potato.
MONK'S STYLE VEGETABLES This is a stir-fry with the addition of tofu. It's also a great opportunity to use the wonderful dried black fungus and lily flower. This rather dubious looking dried fungus is wood or cloud ear mushroom which the Chinese have been cultivating for centuries. It has an intriguing texture somewhat like chewy seaweed and is rumoured to help prevent the blood from clotting. In their dried state lily flowers smell rather like tobacco but on cooking they resemble leeks, of which they are a relative. The stir-fry can be served with a rice — such as Thai black rice — or with noodles —for instance, Japanese somen wheat noodles or Chinese rice noodles. For two servings: 4 pieces dried black fungus
4 dried lily flowers boiling water for soaking 6 oz tofu (freshly made, if possible) sunflower oil for frying 1 tablespoon sunflower oil 1 tablespoon sesame oil 1 knob vegan margarine generous and varied selection of vegetables — e.g. cabbage, Chinese leaf, red pepper, broccoli, beansprouts, mange-tout, carrot and courgette 1 teaspoon fresh root ginger 2 cloves garlic soy sauce to taste Carefully wash the dried black fungus and lily flower, then pour over boiling water and leave to soak for half an hour. Then drain off the water and squeeze dry. Wash the vegetables and cut them into long thin strips. Finely chop the ginger and garlic. Press any excess water from the tofu and then cut into 1" cubes. Into a wok or pan pour enough sunflower oil to generously coat the surface. Raise to a very high heat and fry the tofu on all sides until crispy brown. Drain the tofu of any excess fat on kitchen paper. Clean out the wok. Again raise it to a The Vegan. Spring 1992
I
l
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l
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further minute, again stirring constantly. Serve immediately.
CARROT AND TIANJIN PRESERVED VEGETABLE Tianjin preserved vegetable consists of small pieces of cabbage preserved in garlic and salt. Orange in colour and Chinese in origin, it is sold in beautiful, small china pots. A worthwhile addition to a stir-fry it is particularly well matched, both in terms of taste and visual impact, with carrot. For two servings of this side dish you will need: 1 tablespoon sunflower oil 1 teaspoon sesame oil 5 oz carrots 1 tablespoon tianjin preserved vegetable 4 tablespoons good, strong unsalted stock Wash and cut the carrot into long thin strips. Rinse the preserved vegetable. Over high heat in a wok saute the carrot with the sunflower and sesame oil for half a minute. Next add the preserved vegetable followed by the stock. Evaporate the stock as quickly as possible and serve immediately.
"5
YUBA WRAPPED VEGETABLES
very high temperature and add the mixture of oils and margarine. Saute the selected vegetables along with the prepared black fungus, lily flower and chopped ginger, constantly stirring, for five minutes. Then add the garlic and the cooked tofu. Stir fry for a further minute. Serve immediately with soy sauce to taste.
BROCCOLI WITH SALTED BLACK BEANS t 1 t
Salted black beans, available in plastic sachets, predate the more refined soy sauce and are the main constituent of black bean sauce. Their aroma is strong and they are to be used in moderation. For two portions of this simple side dish you will need: 1 tablespoon sunflower oil 1 tablespoon sesame oil 6 broccoli florets 1 tablespoon salted black beans 1 clove garlic pinch of sugar A little water and/or vegan wine Wash and thinly slice the broccoli. Crush the black beans and garlic to form a paste. Over a high heat saute the broccoli in the mixture of oils for half a minute and then 19 The Vegan. Spring 1992
add the black bean and garlic paste along with a pinch of sugar. Stir constantly. If necessary add a little water to prevent sticking. Adding a little wine is even better since it provides extra flavour. As soon as the broccoli is tender, serve.
CABBAGE WITH YELLOW BEAN SAUCE Available both as a smooth and chunky paste, yellow bean sauce is a traditional Chinese flavouring made from fermented soy beans. Commercial preparations are of varying quality so be sure to buy a good quality sauce, not one containing caramel and additives. To make two portions of this quick and easy stir-fry accompaniment: 1 tablespoon sunflower oil 1 tablespoon sesame oil 4 oz green or white cabbage l / 2 teaspoon fresh green or red chilli pepper 1 tablespoon yellow bean sauce Finely shred the cabbage and finely chop the chilli pepper. In a wok over a high heat saute the cabbage and chilli in the mixture of oils for a minute, stirring constantly. Add the yellow bean sauce and cook for a
Yuba is the skin that forms on soya milk when it is heated. In Japan fresh yuba is considered a great delicacy. In the west it is little known and only available dried in huge sheets. The dried yuba can be cut into small squares and quickly fried to form a very light tortilla style snack or can be used, as here, to wrap vegetables for an ideal hors d'oeuvre. A selection for between two and four people, depending on the size of the vegetables, requires: 1 pre-cooked potato 1 small courgette 2 large button mushrooms dried yuba to wrap the vegetables sunflower oil for frying Cut the vegetables into 1 / 4 " slices no more than about 3" in length. The courgette and potato are best cut lengthways to form elegant rectangular strips. Lightly moisten the yuba with cold water and cut into pieces roughly 4 " square. Individually wrap each vegetable slice, tucking in any excess at the corners. In a wok or frying pan saute the sliced and wrapped vegetables with the sunflower oil until golden brown on both sides. Remove from wok and pat dry with kitchen paper. Serve immediately. Other vegetables work well too and there is much scope for experimentation — the Japanese wrap the exotic gingko nut using a similar technique.
Contacts News West M i d l a n d s Vegan Contacts have had four successful meetings so far. New ideas include a National Vegan Picnic. Anyone in the area wishing to chew this one over please contact Immy Ali or Tina Rickards (details below). Monica Harvey in Wilts is looking for members to participate and help in a peaceful march and demo from the Market and Town Hall in Salisbury to a local slaughterhouse. This is anticipated to take place in March. A possible vigil at Porton Down is also envisaged in the near future. Suffolk Contact Martyn Allen is building a large, dynamic group in the area which organized its first public meeting and cruelty-free fayre on 10 March. Videos and information stands were among the attractions. Other projects include a Suffolk Vegans Roadshow — calling on youth clubs, and a survey of local restaurants and shops to determine the availability of vegan products.
One of the Scottish Contacts, Sheila Hyslop held a meeting on 14 March and would appreciate further members in the area contacting her. Annabelle Walkden in Brighton has held a very successful first meeting with 17 people attending. This has prompted the group to organize a regular meeting on the last Monday of every month, to be held at the Peace Centre, Trafalgar Street, Brighton. Other activities, including walks, are being arranged. Please contact her for further details (see below). Contact for Oxford, Paul Appleby, has a whole programme of events arranged in association with Oxford Vegetarians including socials, lectures and discussions. Videos are on the agenda for the Croydon Contact. '"Food Without Fear', made by the award-wining Channel 4 filmmakers Vanson-Wardle, is an entertaining, thought-provoking programme on all the pressing issues concerning meat production." For details of showings of the video
please contact Pat Mear — who is also involved in supporting the 'Veggie Pledge Month' in March with a vegan cheesemaking demo at an animal charities fayre and a vegan taste-in at Croydon Animal Aid's March meet up. Irene Willis is busy putting south Essex on the map by getting contact details in public places, including libraries. Irene needs more help to circulate local restaurants and schools with a view to encour-
aging them to increase the proportion of vegan food on their menus. Get in touch with your local group (see below and 'Local Groups' on page 31). If there isn't one and you would like to help establish one then please contact the Local Contacts Co-ordinator at: The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. Terry Bevis
ORGANIC WINES over 60 vegan wines also beers, ciders, juices • try our vegan starter case (12 wines) £49 inc. del. or write for our full list • 5% discount for Vegan Soc. members National delivery Unit 10, Ashley Industrial Estate, Wakefield Road, Ossett, West Yorkshire WF5 9JD Access/Visa J]
0924-276393
LOCAL VEGAN SOCIETY CONTACTS
20
The Vegan. Spring 1992
Growsense
and as alternatives to traditional seasonal vegetables. New and improved seeds of the popular varieties are on the market this year and 1 am going to give them a try to see how they perform against my previous experiences. Dobies, the mail order seed company, has just launched a new range of ten different oriental vegetables, all of them easy to grow and intended for summer or autumn use when grown in the garden, and winter and spring use, when grown under protection. Dobies say all of them are suitable for stir-frying, eating raw, steaming and soups. Whilst the Chinese type of vegetable is not difficult to grow there have been problems historically with bolting if sown too early. Hopefully these improved varieties will not be as susceptible. All types grow quickly and particularly well in fertile ground with lots of moisture retentive humus worked in to it.
Oriental Top Ten
Grow Oriental Professional horticulturalist Julie Walsh continues her regular column
A
fair assumption it might be, to say that, if you garden veganically you are interested in health, and healthy food. I am constantly on the look out for food that is tasty, easy to grow and easy to prepare in the kitchen. I am also interested in out of season availability. There is little point in producing masses of salad material during the summer months and starving yourself of the good old DGV's (dark green vegetables) in the spring, summer
21 The Vegan. Spring 1992
and autumn. Chinese vegetables are an exciting new addition to many diets. Supermarkets increasingly stock these 'stir-fry' type vegetables. For me price is a serious limitation to their purchase, and why buy when I can grow! Oriental vegetables of one kind or another have been grown in gardens and on allotments for many years. Chinese cabbage, chop suey greens, and pak choi, for example, have proved enormously useful in salads, soups
Senposai No. 2 — One of the first products of biotechnology! An entirely new vegetable! A cross between a cabbage and Japanese Komatsuna (spinach mustard), it grows at a phenomenal speed. The broad leaves and stems can be used in stir-fry or eaten as spring greens. Soup Celery Kintsai — Smells of celery and has long slender dark green leaves. Both the leaves and stem are delicious. Hakutaka — This an F1 hybrid turnip with pure white skin that looks a bit like a ping pong ball with leaves, that's about the size to eat it too. Slice or grate it raw for salads, soups or stir-fry. The leaves can be used for greens. Cherokee — A splendid hardy radish, producing round red roots about the size of a cricket ball. It is hardy enough to stand in the ground throughout the winter for lifting as necessary. Chingensai — From the pak choi family, comes this handsome bulbous looking plant with light green leaves and wide green stems. It is moderately hardy but grows best in an unheated greenhouse in winter. Kaneko Cross — Is something of a mixture with the tender flavour of Chinese mustard, but the hardiness of the spinach mustard. This makes it an excellent winter vegetable. Tan Tsai Rosette — This is a form of pak choi which has upright leaves in summer, flattening to an attractive star shaped
rosette in winter. Little protection is necessary to grow this vegetable all year round. Mizuna Youzen — This glossy leaved plant with deeply serrated leaves has been very popular in the delicatessen salads, which sell like hot cakes in the big supermarkets. Mibuna — Dark green leaves and a rich full flavour are found in this dense clump forming decorative plant. Chinese Chives 'Green Belt' — Provides a decorative edging to the garden and you can even eat the clippings! As all the plants are relatively fast growing several sowings can be made over the year, giving yourself the opportunity to have variety in your diet and colour in the garden. However don't forget or skimp on the soil nutrition though, as plants growing at such a fast rate will quickly deplete the soil nutrients. Keep the compost working, and incorporate its products into the soil regularly over the season if you plan to crop all year round. If you find you have a few seeds left over from the previous season then treat your soil to a green manure. Sow them broadcast, let them grow to the true leaf stage and then dig them back into the soil. Most Chinese vegetables can also be enjoyed as seedlings, where the flavour can be hot and peppery. As many of these varieties are strong flavoured with either a mustard or pepper type of ingredient, they seem to be less prone to attack from the local pest herbivores. Also local bird populations seem to find Chinese vegetables less inviting than the regular lettuce and Brassica crops — perhaps they are just traditionalists! For those interested in the Dobies collection, details can be obtained from: The seeds are currently priced at 65p per packet, with a special discount price of £5.00 for the whole collection. Dobies tell me the discount price also includes cultivation details and a recipe sheet. I would be interested to hear of readers who have had experience — good and bad — of growing Chinese vegetables. Julie may be contacted via: The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA.
VEGAN WINEMAKI A happy Alison Brooks shares her knowledge off her favourite kind off fermentation
W
hat could be more wholesome, natural, and good: everything summed up by the term vegan, than a glass of wine, fermented by yeast from pure grapes, harvested and trodden, matured in stately leisure for years in oaken casks, before being lovingly bottled? Unfortunately, modern commerce and its need for a quick profit have made this a little beyond a romantic dream as far as a £2 bottle of Liebfraiimilch — or even a £20 bottle of champagne — is concerned. A variety of chemicals are used in wines to make fermentation more controllable and less likely to fail than it would otherwise be. The taste of some cheaper wines demonstrates that these chemicals can add their own flavour to wine, and some claim that they contribute to the effects of hangovers. Yet despite this, producers are not required to list the ingredients on their bottles. This
It's more fun to make wine from scratch with top-quality ingredients can make things particularly hard on vegans for, although they can rest assured that bulls' blood does not make an appearance in even robust red wines, various animal products are still used. In particular, manufacturers are likely to use gelatine (from cattle carcasses) and isinglass (a fish product) to assist the rapid clearing of wine. Vegan wines are available, but need careful searching out, and perhaps mail order buying, while the range available may not be as great as for conventional wines.
Wine DIY An alternative is to make your own. Home-made wine allows you to be absolutely sure of what has gone into it; you can make wine according to your preference for flavour, from organic products and without artificial additives; and it is much cheaper than the commercial product. After all, a huge part of the cost of a bottle of wine is excise duty, which home-made wines are not liable for — provided you drink them yourself, or give them to friends, but never sell them. Wine brewing are available, but some contain animal products to clear the wine, or other additives which you may not want. Besides, it's more fun to make wine
kits
from scratch with top-quality ingredients. Anyone can make wine at home, if they've got a little space and time to devote to the hobby. It needn't be much, although you may find that like any other hobby, it can expand to overflow the space available. My wine occupies half the kitchen and the cupboard under the stairs. Still, at least I can be sure that the end result will disappear eventually!
Equipment It's at about this point that books and articles launch into an impressive and bewildering list of equipment which they assure you is essential or desirable to obtain before you start winemaking. The cost of the initial setup can make the first few bottles a very expensive prospect indeed — nearly as costly as commercial wines! Demijohns, fermentation buckets, airlocks, corking machines, and hydrometers, the terms are confusing to a novice, leading to the lightheaded feeling that the novice had hoped to gain from the wine itself.
Beginners 22
The Vegan. Spring 1992
glass syphon tube with u-bend plastic syphon tube
APPLE CHAMPAGNE'
are then introduced to recipes which require them to wait around for weeks, months, or possibly even years before their first brew is fit to drink (if it ever is; the books also con-
Mains water is usually sterile tain discouraging lists of all the awful things that can go wrong). The whole mystique of winemaking resembles some sort of secret society with arcane tests of knowledge, practice, money and patience which are enough to put almost any beginner off the whole idea. Vegans do things differently, though, so I will explain the most important precaution to take in winemaking, and then hurry along to a recipe which will produce a drinkable result in as little as a week, and which requires no special equipment.
Cleanness Wines have to be protected from infection by wild yeasts and bacteria. The most important precaution against infection is to keep the wine covered from air and flies. The second precaution is to sterilize ingredients and utensils involved in the winemaking. Sterilization is achieved either by heating, or with the chemical sodium metabisulphite, commonly available as Campden tablets. Six tablets dissolved in a pint of water makes a sterilizing solution which can be kept in a jam jar (with a plastic top, as it is slightly corrosive) and re-used indefinitely. Avoid sniffing the fumes. All utensils and bottles should be given a good swish with the solution, wetting thoroughly, and then rinsed with mains cold water immediately before use. 23 The Vegan. Spring 1992
Incidentally, mains cold water is usually sterile, but if you have any doubts boil it, and allow it to cool, covered, before using. Prepackaged ingredients such as long life fruit juices and ordinary domestic sugar are also effectively sterile, provided they are opened at the time of use.
Real Wine If you want to try making a real wine, it is time to think about investing in specialist equipment. Don't be lured into buying items at random. All you will need to start with is: • Bucket with close-fitting lid • Funnel and fine sieve • Two demijohns • Bored bung and airlock, solid bung • Syphon tube and glass syphon tube • Wine bottles (you can re-use ordinary wine bottles) and corks The bucket must be suitable for food use. Wine or beer-making buckets are ideal. Wine is made in multiples of a gallon (4.5 litres), and you will need a bucket which allows a few inches above the wine for frothing and stirring. The first phase of wine fermentation is 'aerobic', in which yeast converts sugar and oxygen to water and carbon dioxide. The ingredients (called the 'must') in the bucket are stirred daily to allow oxygen to get to the yeast. This phase allows the yeast to build up a healthy population. Very often, it is
The yeast converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide combined with extracting the flavour from solid ingredients such as berries. After a few (usually 3-10) days the must
You will need: six Campden tablets to sterilize equipment, plastic or glass fizzy drinks bottles with screw tops — this recipe assumes 2 litre bottles measuring jug, funnel, pans, spoon and unchipped bowl For each 2-litre bottle: half a pint (250ml) of pure apple juice 8 oz(225g)sugar Champagne yeast (from chemists) Dissolve the sugar in some water and bring to the boil. Leave closely covered, to cool. Put this and the juice into the bottle and top it up with cold water. Leave a couple of inches space at the top for bubbles. Prepare the Champagne yeast. Boil some water, and leave (covered) to cool to no more than blood heat. Put 4 tablespoons (100ml) into the bowl, and stir the yeast in with 1 teaspoon sugar. Cover and leave for a few minutes until it starts to froth. Spoon the mixture into the bottles. One sachet of Champagne yeast will be sufficient for at least six 2-litre botdes. Cap the bottles lightly, to allow gas to escape, and leave in a warm place. Signs of fermentation will be visible within 24 hours, and it will be vigorous by 2 days. After about a week, it is ready to drink. Because it is not a true wine, it will only keep for a couple of months. It is medium-sweet, and fairly low in alcohol, at about 5%. Tighten the cap several hours before it is to be drunk, to retain the bubbles. If it is to kept longer, tighten the cap after 10-14 days. Check the pressure at intervals; it should not be allowed to build up too far in case it breaks the bottle. There will be a small amount of sediment at the bottom of the bottle, which can be used in cooking. You can experiment with this recipe by using other types of juice.
is removed f r o m the bucket, and placed in a demijohn to allow 'anaerobic' fermentation to take place. In the absence of oxygen, the yeast converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. T h e bung and airlock allows the c a r b o n d i o x i d e t o e s c a p e f r o m the d e m i j o h n , w h i l e p r e v e n t i n g the entry of insects, bacteria and oxygen. W h e n the must is poured into the demij o h n , it is sieved to r e m o v e solid ingredients w h i c h m i g h t otherwise begin to decay and spoil the wine. B u n g s are a v a i l a b l e in rubber or cork. C o r k b u n g s n e e d to be sterilized by c o m p l e t e l y i m m e r s i n g in C a m p d e n solution f o r half an h o u r b e f o r e use, held under by s o m e t h i n g h e a v y if n e c e s s a r y . R u b b e r b u n g s , not b e i n g porous, need only be sterilized in the s a m e way as other utensils. K e e p the d e m i j o h n in a warm place out of d i r e c t s u n l i g h t , w h i c h b l e a c h e s the colour, especially f r o m red wine. A sensible precaution is to wrap the demijohn with s e v e r a l l a y e r s o f n e w s p a p e r . A l l o w the wine to get on with it for a month or more, until carbon dioxide stops bubbling through the airlock. O n c e the wine has stopped fermenting ( d o n ' t be too hasty — leave it for a couple of w e e k s to b e s u r e , o t h e r w i s e you risk popping bungs and possible infection of the wine) s y p h o n it off the layer of yeast into a c l e a n d e m i j o h n . Y o u can p o u r the w i n e rather than use the syphon if you wish, but
it requires steady hands, and the air that will get into the wine can sometimes affect the flavour. Specialist glass syphon tubes, which fit onto a plastic syphon tube, have a u-bend in the end to prevent yeast sediment from being sucked up. Place the full demijohn on a higher surface, such as a kitchen table, and the empty one lower down, such as on the floor. Place the glass tube into the full demijohn, suck on the end of the plastic tube, and then lower it to the bottom of the empty demijohn. Don't allow the wine to splash. Remove the syphon tube before it starts to suck up sediment. Top up the demijohn with cooled boiled water to the base of the neck. Bung, and store in a cool place to mature for the time given in the recipe. If much sediment, more than a quarter of an inch, forms, re-syphon the wine as before. Once the wine has matured, syphon it into bottles. Leave only a small air gap at the top of the bottle, as with commercial wine. One gallon (4.5 litres) of wine fills six standard bottles. You will probably need to buy corks. The easiest sort are not the standard straight corks used for commercial wine, but push-in plastic or cork corks with a flange at the top (like port wine corks). These corks can be re-used indefinitely, but the bottles cannot be stored on their sides. The wine will need a further 2 - 3 months to mature before serving.
ELDERBERRY AND BLACKBERRY WINE 2 lb (900g) blackberries — frozen (if tinned are used reduce the amount of sugar used) 2 lb (900g) elderberries or 8 oz (225g) of dried elderberries 3 lb(350g)sugar wine yeast — all-purpose or burgundy type (Remember to sterilize all utensils before use!) Wash, then mash the berries in the bucket. Add the sugar and 6 pints (3.5 litres) boiling water. Leave to cool. Add a Campden tablet to the mixture and leave for 24 hours (if you do not wish to add chemicals to your wine, this step can be omitted). Start the yeast into activity using boiled water cooled to blood-heat, and a teaspoon of sugar, and add to the must. Ferment, stirring daily, for 3 days, then strain the must into a demijohn, and top up if necessary with cooled boiled water. Leave to ferment — be careful not to allow light to spoil the colour. When finished, syphon into a clean demijohn and store for at least 6 months before bottling. The pulp left after straining the must can be used in pies with the addition of plenty of apples.
DISOS THE PURE
WINE"^
N O W DELICIOUS DISOS FROM THE SOUTH OF FRANCE
• NO PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM ANY LIVING CREATURE IS USED IN THIS WINE; ITS FINING; CLARIFYING OR STORING • NO ADDED SUGAR • THE DRYNESS COMES FROM NATURALLY DRY GRAPES • E.E.C. ALLOWS 27 ADDITIVES IN WINE • THESE WINES DONT BURN YOU IN THE THROAT OR THE LADIES IN THE STOMACH
In time YOU should be able to buy a bottle of Disos locally whenever YOU want. A wine that conforms to your vegetarian principles and is certified as such. KEY: W - W I N E ; F=FOOD; S = SHOP; ?=THINKING OF STOCKING
STOCKISTS INCLUDE: GTRLONDON Merlon Nelson W C h e a m C h e e r s Health T e d d i n g t o n Dhillons F&W Ealing W. C e n t r e Ashford Cheers w L o u g h t o n K a p s W. Chiswick Swallows ? W e m b l e y V » P (902 5581) Bedtont W W o o d G r e e n Berties W h e t s t o n e O l d Cellar B a r n e s W h i t e Hart ? Islington W (354 4334) B l a c k h e a t h Bitter Experience Bexleyheath Bitter Experience Bromley W. Centre Fulham O.K.S. (731 6815) HANTS/DORSET/WILTS Locks Heath Wine Lodge Southsea Pompey Beer Fareham W.S. Brockenhurst (23245) Alton Arrow O . I - ? Swindon S h a u n s (538761) Fleet Cheers Emsworth Cheers ? Bournemouth Grahams Parkstone Happy Tippler S w a n a g e W Deli
Andover 20th Cent. S (860300) I.O. Wight Sandown Cheers Warminster Minster S. SURREY Egham Jug 8 Bottle Wltiey W. (0428 682179) SUSSEX Seaford Cheers Lancing Dominion Worthing Richfords St. Leonards Mary s F. (423875) Rottingdean W.S. Seisey Clarkson Brighton Southover (600402) BUCKS/BERKS/OXON Amersham W (724973) Milton Keynes Eldergate Aylesbury Mandeville W.S. Chesham Nicholas Evans Slough B u m h a m Cellars Gerrards Cross A. A. (882139) • a t c h e t Thames W Oxford Grog Shop Henley Takhar (574922) Reading Caversham W. Co Winnersh High Spirits ESSEX Chelmsford Springfield W. Westcliffe West End W Grays Yours (376722)
NOT ONLY APPROVED, IT'S ON THE BOTTLE
Rayleigh W. Centra Harlow 3 Aces (444046) Billericay Anna s (623716) Maldon Tolley S. Leigh on Sea Broadway W. ? Romford Mill Stores Great Dunmow Lucklns W. Frinton Natural Choice KENT Tunbridge Wells Silverdale Cliftonville Andrew O.L. Sheppey Bobs (664474) Folkestone Grapevine O . L New Ash Grapevine Maidstone Monchelsea ? HERTS/BEDS/NORTHANTS Watford W (211254) Hatfield Terry's Luton Haydens (21024) Wellingborough Barnes Northampton T. Jefferies CAMBSWORFOLK SUFFOLK Cambridge Jug I Firkin ..." . . . . . I U U U I U J . wisDecn wnolerooas Hardwick Home Supplies Bumham Mkt Satchells Let St on Simply Delicious Woodbridge Barrack Rd. S. Newmarket Bundy (663075) St. Ives Wadsworth
E.MIDLANOS/UNCS Derby Morgans (46614) Cromford Arkwnghts Nottingham Haziki Huthwaite Park S. Loughborough Jug & Bottle Syston W & Grocers Ilkeston Checkteys Boston Friskney W. Metheringham SeilSvce DEVON/CORNWALL Newton Abbot Vine t Video Sidmouth W. Cellar Tiverton Banner Creditor! Lees Tintagel Supmkt ? Truro Mount Bay LANCS/CUMBRIA Preston Health S (57617) Liverpool T.C. W (931 4905) Blackpool Cheers 821210 Southport Portland Burscough Corks Leigh Turners Cook St. Ramsbottom W (2508) Penrith Cumbrian Cellar Windermere W.S. (3290) ? CHESHIRE GTR M/CR Chester Ouellyn (310455) Altrincham Mags Grocers
Bramhall Bottle Stop Sale Comer House O.L. Lymm Rushgreens Wine Wilmslow Haworth O.L. Didsbury Merrills Bolton/Wigan Chemi W. Whitefield Hazel Rd. Mini Mkt Mace Ingredients Buxton Oldham Lillluwoods Groc (624 8613) GLOS/AVON/SOM Gloucester Silver Goblet Cheltenham Royal Well S. Cricklade Wine Rack ? Stow in the Wold Buffery Stroud Pagenhill S ? Bath Widicombe W Wellington Chesse (662899) Yeovil Tony's O . L Weston Chocolate Box ? Bristol Vine & Video (631971) N. EAST Cleveland Discount 606862 Durham Davisons (429 836464) Sunderland Discount (5641750) YORKS Sheffield Dram Shop Scarboro Sea view S. Hull M.R.W. (26487) York Beer Shop
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OUR POLICY IS TO SUPPLY RETAILERS. IF THERE IS NOT ONE CONVENIENT TO YOU, WE WILL DO MAIL ORDER BY CASE UNTIL THERE IS.
Contact 24
The Vegan. Spring 1992
Postbag
most ecological fuel, other than methane, solar, wind or tide generated electricity. It is important to understand that wood burnt with a restricted air supply will generate more pollution than when the air supply is not restricted. Either way, help is now at hand to capture the heat which would otherwise go up the flue or chimney, in the form of Ampliflaire, the heat recovery system (see classified ad under 'Miscellaneous'). Ampliflaire open fires have been installed at The Sanctuary (Vegfam Ltd) and at our Hitchin home where they give us more heat and hot water and save us money. • Frieden & Frances Howard, Herts
Major Boost
Contributions to Postbag are welcomed, but accepted on the understanding that they may be edited in the interests of brevity or clarity. Send your letters to: The Editor, THE VEGAN, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA A Winner I am delighted to report that Paul Askham's Butchers which claimed to be "England's Biggest Butchers Shop" has closed only 6 months after opening in Dewsbury — dubbed 'Heart Attack Capital of the World'. Meanwhile Yorkshire's only all vegan wholefood shop, EVERGREEN is still surviving in the same town. • Mark Popplewell, West Yorkshire
Inspiring Following a recent article in The Lancet (Volume 338 No 8772 12.10.91) the Arthritis and Rheumatism Council came out with the statement: "Some sufferers of rheumatoid arthritis may gain a measure of relief from avoiding red meats, and saturated fats", something we have known for years. On hearing this, I wrote to the local newspapers and radio stations offering a free recipe sheet on receipt of an SAE and have had over 220 replies so far. I have now arranged a cooking demonstration, and tasting session using standard vegan recipes replacing, where necessary, any item that may contain 25 The Vegan. Spring 1992
saturated fat. If a group in every county were to do this we would achieve four things: 1 Helping to alleviate the suffering of many thousands of arthritis sufferers; 2 Saving the lives of countless thousands of animals; 3 Depriving drug companies of money; 4 Improving relations with the public and press by showing that we also care about people. If you wish for more information about the article, diet sheets, or ways to contact your local press then please send a large SAE to:
• Tony Martin, Derbyshire
Burning Answer The use of the Rayburn ('Baby of the Year', 'News', Autumn 1991 Vegan) and your reader's response questioning the use of wood for fuel (Winter 1991 Vegan), touch on an important issue. While no environmentally minded person would advocate felling living trees for fuel (unless grown specifically for that purpose) wood, by virtue of being able to grow represents the
Regarding the letter from Lis Howlett in the Winter 1991 'Postbag', I have been invited by Arthur Ling of Plamil Foods Limited to submit a reply for your consideration. This is on the basis that I was a contributor to the 'Healthy Vegan Infants/Children' booklet, in which my son Elliott was featured. Firstly, based on my understanding that the Plamil booklet has been very successful, has been reprinted and has been widely distributed, I would have thought that the sheer encouragement to others to bring up their children as vegans was a major boost to our common cause, I applaud Ms Howlett for having raised three vegan children, but wonder why she did not wish to have them profiled in the Plamil booklet. Secondly, I feel that in general her expressed strong objection is unnecessarily negative. My suggestion to her would be to join with Arthur in making every attempt to see that our common cause is advanced by booklets and literature which prove that vegan living for adults and children is not only possible, but easy. It does no good to appear to be elitist and I am bound to say that Lis' letter points a puritanical finger at people who are 'not proper vegans'. A more constructive approach would be to teach and advise, rather than condemn. Thirdly, I and my family do everything possible to remain totally vegan. This ideal does not stop at the door of food consumption but extends to all areas of respecting other life forms and opinions. I am too busy child rearing to take up too many cudgels, but I am becoming increasingly fed up with the in-fighting
which occurs within the Vegan Society and the pages of our Society's periodical. The Plamil booklet idea was a good one and the company gave it its best shot. Now let's make sure that the next edition is better and remember that there's no hurry — the world is not going vegan overnight! May I just close by giving a trillion cheers to Steve Tasane for his piece on page 27 of the Winter 1991 Vegan and offer a verse which may have escaped his wonderful veggy-hypocrisy poem: He'll stand for Veggy Rights and yell At protest or campaign. He'll march his shoes, though blisters swell, His coat dispelling rain. His armour is his principles, Braving any weather. He's brilliantly invincible. Smug inside his leather. Best wishes for 1992. • Karen M Langley, Suffolk
Healthy Scepticism I would like to reply to M Andrea of the Health and Diet Centre, Kent ('Postbag', Winter 1991). The point made in 'Tailpiece' in 'Shoparound' (Summer 1991 Vegan) was in response to my experience at that year's Helfex show in Brighton where, at what was supposed to be a health food exhibition, there was a greatly disproportionate emphasis on the supplements and pills industry. Such a show should, in my opinion, concentrate rather on the food aspect of healthy diet. In no way did I intend to "kick the chair out from under" the health food retailers — I do understand the commercial importance of the supplements industry to them. However, I am convinced that it is wise to maintain a scepticism towards the supplements industry which, like the pharmaceutical industry, makes large profits out of 'metoo' type formulations (formulations with largely the same chemical make-up being marketed under different names). Of course I know that there are times when even a well-balanced diet lets you down, and I am not decrying the use of supplements all together. However, I do believe that there is much more people can do to improve their diet and overall health before turning to the bottle. • Annie Brosnan, Suffolk
Deadline for the Summer 1992 Vegan: 25 April 1992
Reviews JACK IF AI MHDA z
s l / i r ?
fCV/ COMBINING |
FOR
E AT FOR HEALTH ON THC
HAY DIFT
Food Combining for Vegetarians — Eat for Health on the Hay Diet Jackie Le Tissier Thorsons £6.99, Pbk, 272pp The essence of the 'Hay Diet' is the idea that foods are not digested properly if they are eaten in unsuitable combinations and that this causes many minor ailments and eventually more serious diseases. It is argued in particular that carbohydrates (starch and sugar) should not be eaten with proteins because carbohydrates are digested in the stomach under alkaline conditions whereas proteins are digested under acid conditions. I believe that this argument is wrong. Contrary to what is implied in this book, the stomach contents are acid regardless of whether we eat high carbohydrate or high protein foods and little enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates occurs in the stomach. The digestive glands of the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid plus some enzymes, which start to digest any protein in the meal. The food then passes on into the small intestine, where the secretions are alkaline and contain enzymes to digest carbohydrate, fat and protein; digestion of protein is therefore continued and completed under alkaline conditions. There does not appear to be any physiological 26
reason for eating carbohydrates and proteins separately. Further, the staple plant foods (e.g. cereals and pulses) all contain substantial amounts of both carbohydrates and protein together. Absence of a sound rationale does not prove that a therapeutic regime does not work. However, the only evidence presented in the book to suggest that the Hay Diet does work is the improvement in health of the author and of Dr Hay himself which followed a change in diet. Anecdotal evidence of this type is virtually uninterpretable; the benefit of any treatment can only be established by a properly designed study, and no claims for effectiveness should be made until this has been done. It is indeed possible that 'food combining' in this manner could have harmful effects on vegans, due to unnecessary restriction of food choice and needless anxiety. In conclusion, although this book is well written and contains recipes — many vegan — which may be delicious, I cannot recommend it. • Dr Tim Key
FOREST
GARDENING R O B E R T A JtJ H A R T
*
Forest Gardening Robert A de J Hart Green Books £7.95 Pbk, 212pp Robert Hart's call for community revival with forest gardening has very well established
and published roots which stretch back to 1968. In 1976, he co-wrote with J Sholto Douglas the classic, Forest Farming, for which E F Schumacher wrote the Foreward which ended: "This is the way, or at least one of the ways, to spiritual, moral and cultural regeneration." In 1984, Robert Hart produced the book which George Orwell would have applauded: Ecosociety, a Historical Study of Ecological Man, and Woman. Then came the concentrated booklet, 'The Forest Garden'. (Small is beautiful in 28 pages, published by the Institute for Social Inventions at £2.95, incl. p&p.) Forest Gardening is a most worthy successor which has brought the essence of all his previous writings together. It introduces us to Robert Hart, the man whose compassion stopped him farming with animals, and "the plant component completely replaced the animal one" in his gardening and his diet (p. 17). With such a terrifically wide scope, what a great read it is. It starts off: "I have a miniforest in my back garden". It is no exaggeration to say that he encourages us to follow suit, and there is no doubt that it is within our capability, given the will power, whether we live in a suburb or in open country. The forest garden inspired permaculture which is perhaps better known. We are recommended to plant fruit and nut trees for our present and future benefit (survival even, with the underestimated effects of the damage to the ozone shield). Beneath the food producing trees, "A wide diversity of economic plants . . . all compatible with each other . . . arranged in seven 'storeys' in imitation of the natural forest." His own back garden of an eigth of an acre has "over a hundred different species and variety of plants". He describes the system and how it is selfperpetuating with either perennial or self-seeding plants, as well as being immune to the usual garden pests. He suggests that it can ensure self-sufficiency for seven months of the year, and for the rest, a winter
garden, which he also describes in detail. He makes the post-industrial society into a welcome prospect, and if I weren't already moving towards it, I would be now.'Robert Hart has written an individual philosophical manual for the practice of Self-Sufficiency and the Good Life ahead. • Rodney Aitchtey
The Forgotten Beginnings Of Creation And Christianity Curl Anders Skriivr
The Forgotten Beginnings of Creation and Christianity Carl Anders Skriver Vegetarian Press $11.95 (+$1.50 p&p)* Pbk, 175pp This is a translation of a 1977 book by a scholar of eastern languages and religions, with a doctorate, a German Lutheran Minister for 25 years and a very active vegan. The book focuses on the judaeo-christian religious tradition, and argues that it was originally, and should still be, vegan. Other traditions are quoted — e.g. comparison with mythical stories of the Flood of Babylon, India and Greece shows the biblical story emphasizing the community of the human and the non-human in creation. In the revelation of the book of Genesis, the author argues, God created a vegan world order which was undermined by forces of evil and human connivance. Essential to the evil world order is religious sacrifice, and the linked eating, The Vegan. Spring 1992
of animals. The author has an unusual polytheistic interpretation of the Genesis narrative and depicts the evil forces as lower gods, rather than a satan. Using this knowledge of biblical languages and tradition, the author reinterprets the stories of Cain and Abel, and of Noah to show that contrary to the accepted interpretation, God was not pleased with the animal sacrifices of Abel and Noah. God did not "look favourably" on Abel's animal sacrifice. The hebrew verb here, sha-ah, means to look for help restlessly, which the author translates as "was speechless"; for God's vegan order has no place for killing animals. Cain's subsequent killing of Abel is not from jealousy, but from outrage at Abel's killing of sheep. Noah disobeys God's command to take into the ark seven of each herbivore (pure) animals, and two of each carnivore (unpure). Instead Noah listens to the evil spirits' voice and takes in two of each type. After the flood, Noah offers animal sacrifices to propitiate
God who does not want sacrifice. So, God realizes that His attempt to clean and recreate the world has not succeeded. Immediately there is the rainbow covenant with its pragmatic compromise allowing meat-eating. Afterwards, Noah becomes a drunkard, shames himself and curses his innocent grandchild; an allegory of the decline of humankind. The author links his interpretation of these basic myths with the repeated message of biblical prophets, including Jesus, that God wants not animal sacrifices but right living. He then lists many Christian vegetarians. For example, the Essene Jesus, his brother James, Matthew and John the evangelists, Thomas the Apostle, Paul, Tertullian, Basil the Great, Origen and later, Leonardo da Vince, William and Catherine Booth and many more. The evidence for the earlier ones is not strong, but why should the assumption be always on the side of meat-eating. It is an impressive argument which this summary does not fully cover. The occasional
polemical style will be understood by those who know the indifference and antagonism that the vegetarian argument meets. This is a very welcome translation of a most valuable reference book for those engaged in the huge task of 'de-anthropocentricizing' Christian ty. • Dr R A Hamilton * Available from Vegetarian Press, PO Box 61273, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA.
Reviewers Rodney Aitchtey is a freelance writer Dr Robert Hamilton studied theology in Rome, and later the social sciences. He now teaches at Lancaster University Management School Dr Tim Key is a nutritional epidemiologist in Oxford
VEGETARIAN INFORMATION O
O is now doing the mail order for Whole in the Wall.
V E G E T A R I A N INFORMATION
Green Dragon Soya Scheese now in stock! Enquiries to: Pat Bowker, VEGETARIAN INFORMATION, Green Yard, 27A Love Lane, Denbigh, Clwyd LL16 3LV
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1 S U P P O S E ECrtrS A R E M E A K T To REPRESENT SPR1N&T1WE REBIRTH... BUT THATS O N L Y RELEVANT W H E N T H E V k & I N T H E NEST.' T A K E T H E M OCT, A N D THEY MEAN DEATH WITH NO C H A N C E O F RESURRECTION!!
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Publications & Promotional Goods Prices exclude postage and packing (see Order Form for rates). Items marked [VS] are published by, or in association with, the Vegan Society. All titles are paperback, unless otherwise indicated. Orders are processed within just five days of receipt (subject to stock availability).
PUBLICATIONS
Reference Guides [VS] The Animal-Free Shopper Richard Farhall, Richard Lucas & Amanda Rofe A shopping guide for those wishing to buy goods which are entirely free of animal ingredients and involve no animal testing. Includes product listing sections — Food, Drink, Toiletries & Cosmetics, Remedies & Supplements, Baby & Infant Care, Footwear & Clothing, Home & Office, Animal Care and Garden & Leisure; as well as information on animal substances and additives. £4.50 T h e Vegetarian Travel Guide 1991 Jane Bowler Well-presented home and abroad eating out and holiday/travelrelated information of value to vegans. £5.50 28
The Cruel Deception: The Use of Animals in Medical Research Robert Sharpe A detailed study demonstrating ANIMAL FACTS AND FIGURES
W h y Vegan? Kath Clements A mass of facts and figures ably presented in a simple and straightforward exposition of the case for veganism. £3.95
Food: Need, Greed and Myopia Geoffrey Yates Review of the world food situation and land use, including the vegan alternative, with useful facts and figures. £3.95
Animal Rights
THE POCKETBOOK OF
Background Reading
Food for a Future Jon Wynne-Tyson A classic work, powerfully arguing the moral, economic, ecological, physiological and nutritional case for vegetarianism and veganism. Packed with information, statistics, literary quotations, nutritional and dietary data. £4.99
The Pocketbook of Animal Facts & Figures Barry Kew A comprehensive, up-to-date, quickly accessible collection of facts and figures about the many animals the human race uses and abuses. All the information you need — at your fingertips. £6.99
A FUTURE The Complete Case toe Vegetarianism
THE VEGETARIAN TRAVEL GUIDE ! 99 I
Exploitation and Starvation in a World of Plenty
THESTRVOiLEFOR ANIMAL RIGHTS TOM REGAN
THE DREADED COMPARISON
Fettered Kingdoms John Bryant Second edition of one individual's animal rights philosophy with infamous critique of pet-keeping and controversial rewritten Epilogue. £4.90 Animals and Cruelty and Law Noel Sweeney A practising barrister argues that in sanctioning animal cruelty English law fails to to recognize the quintessence of naturalrights:justice and morality. £6.95
The Struggle for Animal Rights Prof. Tom Regan A leading philosopher lucidly puts the case for animal rights. Chapters on farm and laboratory animals, hunting, dissection, plus autobiographical sketch. £3.50
FOOD: NEED, CREED & MYOPIA
1
Animal Liberation: A Graphic Guide Lori Gruen, Peter Singer and David Hine. A powerfully illustrated introduction to the subject. £4.95
The Sexual Politics of Meat Carol Adams An innovative approach to violence against animals and women. £8.95
> J 0 .
Geoffrey Yite
both the barbarism and scientific invalidity of vivisection. £7.99
The Dreaded Comparison: Human and Animal Slavery Marjorie Spiegel A penetrating study in picture and prose, loaded with shocking comparisons of human and animal slavery, of racism and speciesism. £3.95 Chicken & Egg — Who Pays the Price? Clare Druce A constructive attack on the egg and poultry industry — examining birds' poor health, living conditions, drug industry activity and human health hazards. £3.99 Beyond the Bars (Eds.) Virginia McKenna, Will Travers & Jonathon Wray. Distinguished contributors discuss the immorality of keeping wild animals in captivity. £6.99 Voiceless Victims Rebecca Hall A wide-ranging examination of human abuse of animals. Chapters include: bloodsports, slaughter and farming, animals in entertainment, vivisection, and anthro pocentric conservation. £6.95 TheVegan.Spring 1992
Pregnancy, Children and the Vegan Diet Michael Klaper MD A practical guide to ensuring health and balance throughout pregnancy and to raising healthy children on a 100% animal-free diet. Includes nutrient tables, meal plans and recipes. Large format. £5.95
Cookbooks [VS] The Caring Cook: Cruelty-Free Cooking for Beginners Janet Hunt A bargain-priced and easy-to-follow first vegan cookbook, written expressly for those new to crueltyfree living. Offers a comprehensive selection of everday and specialoccasion recipes, plus a mass of hints and tips. Durable, wipe-clean cover. £1.99
The Home Herbal Book Barbara Griggs A handbook of simple remedies. £4.99
The Single Vegan Leah Leneman Tailored to the needs of vegans living either alone or in non-vegan households, this is a book to persuade you that it really is 'worth the bother' for one. £4.99 The Vegan Cookbook Alan Wakeman and Gordon Baskerville 200 richly varied and carefully graded recipes, ranging from the quick and simple right through to the unashamedly gourmet. Complete with nutrition notes and checker. £4.99
Home and Garden VEGAN
VEGAN
pk. cortwnkitt and meals for«me
Home Ecology Karen Christensen Packed with practical advice on how ecological principles can be applied in the home, enabling the individual to improve his/her environment and quality of life. £5.95
-1 if I
COOKERY
Veganic Gardening Kenneth Dalziel O'Brien A comprehensive, yet easy-to-follow guide to the subject by the system's greatest living exponent. £6.99
Cooking with Sea Vegetables Peter and Montse Bradford A vegan macrobiotic guide to the culinary use of the 'harvest of the oceans'. £5.99 [VS] Vegan Cookery Eva Batt An updated [1985] and restyled edition of the first major cookbook ever published. More than 300 appetizing, nourishing and economical recipes, plus a wealth of practical advice and nutritional information. £3.99
Nutrition and Health [VS] Vegan Nutrition: A Survey of Research Gill Langley'MA PhD The most comprehensive survey ever undertaken of scientific research on vegan diets. Ideal for nutritionists, researchers, dieticians, GPs, community health workers, vegans and would be vegans. Includes highlighted major points, easy-to-follow tables, chapter summaries and detailed index. £5.95 Vegan Nutrition: Pure and Simple Michael Klaper MD An American physician demonstrates how sound vegan diets can satisfy all the body's needs and play a major role in the prevention and treatment of many degenerative diseases. Includes nutrient tables, meal plans and recipes. Large format. £5.95 29 TheVegan.Spring 1992
The Vegan (Quarterly.) Four issues. £6.00
ORDER FORM After calculating the total sum owing, including postage and packing, send your cheque or postal order to: The Vegan Society (Merchandise), 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA. Cheques/postal orders should be made payable to The Vegan Society Ltd. TOTAL COST OF ITEM(S) ORDERED £ POSTAGE & PACKING (See below) £ Inland: Total Cost of item(s) ordered £2.99 or less — add 35p; £3.00 to £3.99 — add 60p; £4.00 to £5.99 — add 75p; £6.00 to £9.99 — add £1; £10 to £20 — add £1.50; over £20 — free Eire and Overseas : Please increase total payment by a further 40% to cover additional surface rate postal charges. (NB Goods sent airmail by special arrangement only.) DONATION
Multi-Purpose Cards Four multi-purpose blank cards and envelopes with original cartoons by regular contributor to Private Eye, Pete Donohue. Recycled card and envelopes. Black and red on white. £1.50 CI
Writing Pad Pad with 50 sheets A5 size woodland bond recycled paper, each printed with the Vegan Society's logo and summary of its work. Black and green on white. £2.25 W1
£
TOTAL PAYMENT* £ •Orders to be sent to Eire or overseas must be paid for by International Money Order or by Sterling cheque drawn on an English bank. I enclose a cheque/postal order for £ made payable to : The Vegan Society Ltd. Name (PLEASE PRINT) Address (PLEASE PRINT) Postcode Tel. No. (in case of query)
PROMOTIONAL GOODS
Date,
Poster ' B l o o d - C u r d l i n g ' anti-milk poster b y Paul Evans. R e c y c l e d p a p e r . Red, pink and green on b l a c k .
75p
T2
Q Cards Set of 10 postcards with telling quotes for animal rights. All different, assorted colours, recycled card. £1.50 C2
Noticeboard
Talking Shop
Teacher's Request
Vegan shop, Time for Change, celebrated its seventh birthday in September 1991 — a wonderful promotion for veganism. The shop is located at: 167 Fawcett Road, Southsea, Hants P04 ODH. Tel. 0705 818786. Merseyside's Animal Rights Shop is still going strong: Quiggins Centre, 12-16 School Lane, Liverpool LI 3BT.
Teacher David Adshead would like to hear from other vegan infant teachers on their approach to 'Milk Time', science projects on 'The Egg', etc. He can be contacted at:
Arkangel
Diary Dates M a r c h Veggie Pledge Month. Bus tour, billboard posters, sponsored walk. Details: Animal Aid, 7 Castle Street, Tonbridge TN9 1BH. Tel. 0732 364546. 28 M a r Animal Charities Fair, Kingswood YMCA, Park Road, Kingswood, Bristol. llam-3pm. Details: 1 A p r Public Meeting on World Day for Laboratory Animals at the Golden Cross Hotel, High Street, Bromsgrove, Worcs at 7.30pm. Details: South Midlands Animal Aid 0527 73793. 4 A p r March & Rally against Flamingo Land Dolphinarium. Assemble at 1.30pm at York City Centre Railway Station. Films, speakers & vegan food. Details: Flamingo Land Dolphin Campaign, do MDC, PO Box 63, Lancaster LAI 4GD. 7 A p r World Day for Laboratory Animals Public Meeting at Broadmead Baptist Church, Union Street, Bristol. NAVS speaker, stalls, videos & refreshments. 7.30pm. Details: Bristol Animal Aid, PO Box 589, Bristol BS99 1RW. Tel. 0272 776261. 23-28 A p r Italian Congress for the Co-ordination of Vegetarian, Vegan & Animal Rights Societies. Details: ACV, via Aristotele 67, 20128 Milano, Italy. Tel. 02/27001323. Fax. 02/27002320. 25 A p r World Day for Laboratory Animals March, Rally & Exhibition. Assemble at Hyde Park (nr Rotten Row on the south side), l - 2 p m . March to Earls Court Exhibition Centre 30
for a rally commencing at 5pm. Other events in April. Details: NAVS, 261 Goldhawk Road, London W12 9PE. Tel. 081 846 9777. 2 May Demo against Fisons. Assemble Southfields Playing Fields, Loughborough (next to Charnwood Borough Council offices), 1pm. Start 2pm. Food, stalls & speakers. Details:
4 May Public Meeting with Zoo Check speaker, Foxlydiate Hotel, Birchfield Road, Webheath, Redditch, Worcs, 7.30pm. Details: South Midlands Animal Aid 0527 73793. 20 J u l y - 3 Aug 12th Vegan Camp, Coldingham, Berwickshire. Details:
The animal rights magazine Arkangel is scheduled for a return in March with the publication of issue 7. If you are a subscriber please contact it as soon as possible because the original mailing list was seized by the police. The subscription remains £6pa. The new editor would appreciate any news, photos, etc. Contact: Arkangel, BCM 9240, London WC1N 3XX.
Justice for Mike Hill 18 year-old vegan Mike Hill was killed earlier last year whilst sabbing the Cheshire Beagles Hunt. The inquest's verdict was "accidental death". The driver of the vehicle which killed Mike failed to appear. A new campaign is being set up to take legal action against the Cheshire Beagles and raise awareness about the truth of Mike's death. Details: Justice for Mike Hill, PO Box 155, Manchester M60 1 FT.
Get FRESH 1-8 Aug Sixth International Vegan Festival. Details:
Organizer Required A volunteer is needed to organize the veggie/vegan teams for the 1992 Annual National Fun Run. Contact:
Carcass Campaign The Anti-Animal Carcass Campaign seeks legislation to prohibit the public display of animal carcasses. For details and petitions contact: ACC, PO Box 307, Ship Street, Brighton, East Sussex.
Susie Miller has taken over from Wilfred Crone to continue publicizing the fruitarian way of life by initiating the Fruitarian & Raw Energy Support & Help Network. A quarterly newsletter will be produced from May 1992. Details:
EGM/AGM Video A 4-hour amateur videotape recording of the EGM/1991 Reconvened AGM is available from the Vegan Society office for £6.95 (including p&p). The video maker, Barry Austin seeks commissions. Contact him on
Cookery Course Amanda Webster recommends the cookery course at Country Life, a restaurant run by Seventh Day Adventists. With the exception of honey, which may be substituted, the course is vegan. Details: Country Life, lb Heddon Street, London Wl. Tel. 071 434 2922.
New Press Officer The vastly increased media coverage gained for the Animal Liberation Front is probably due to the appointment of a Press Officer, Robin Webb. However, because the Press Office is independent of the ALF(SG) it has no regular funding. Those wishing to help the Press Office in its task of informing the public of the reasons why ALF activists do what they do should make cheques/POs payable to 'ALF Press Office' and send them to: ALF Press Office, BM4400, London WC1N 3XX.
ARK A new group has been formed to expose the scientific fraud of vivisection. Details: ARK, 251 Charlton Road, Kingswood, Bristol BS15 1LT.
Vicious Attack Vegan hunt saboteur, Simon Poulter, needs financial assistance to help with repairs to a borrowed car which was wrecked by hunt supporters wielding sledgehammers on Boxing Day. Three of the antihunt occupants were admitted to hospital. Contact Simon on 0296 713661.
SG Appeal The Animal Liberation Front Supporters Group is appealing for its members to contact it because its membership list is in police custody and must be reconstructed. Administrative delays are likely. Contact: ALF(SG), BCM 1160, London WC1N3XX. The Vegan. Spring 1992
Help! Maria Tsatsou runs a small animal shelter in Athens. She urgently requires one/two people to help look after the shelter's 60 cats and 10 dogs in return for vegetarian/vegan food and lodging. Work would be for eight hours per day (afternoons free) plus two weekends per month (negotiable). Details: .
Local Groups Animal Rights Education
Information Vegan Magazines. In addition to The Vegan — the official organ of the Vegan Society — the following independent publications may be of interest: Vegan Views 6 Hayes Avenue, Bournemouth BH7 7AD. An informal quarterly with articles, interviews, news, reviews, letters, cartoon strip. Subscription rate for four issues: £2.40 (Europe and surface mail overseas: £2.80). New Leaves 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead. Surrey KT22 8NQ. Quarterly journal of the Movement for Compassionate Living — The Vegan Way (see below). Annual subscription: £3.00. Cheques/POs payable to: 'Movement for Compassionate Living'. Y Figan Cymreig (The Wales Vegan) Bronyr Ysgol, 31 The Vegan. Spring 1992
Montpelier, Llandrindod, Powys, Wales. Bilingual quarterly. Annual subscription: £1.50. The Vegan Bikers Association aims to promote veganism amongst motorcyclists and set up a fund for the purchase and distribution of alter leather. Enquiries:
The Vegan Business Connection Full membership is open to vegan businesses with at least one vegan proprietor. Associate membership is open to strict vegetarian businesses with at least one vegan proprietor. For a copy of the constitut
The Vegan Community Project exists to form a contact network between people who are interested in living in a vegan community and to establish one or more such communities. While some of its members seek merely to live close to other vegans, others wish to establish a vegan land project or centre for the promotion of a vegan lifestyle. Newsletter subscription (4 issues): £2.00.
The Vegan Families Contact List provides a link between parents throughout the UK seeking to raise their children in accordance with vegan principles. To receive a copy of the list and have your name added to a future edition, please write to the Vegan Society — marking your envelope 'Vegan Families Contact List', enclosing an SAE, and giving your name, address and names and dates of birth of children.
The Movement for Compassionate Living — the Vegan Way seeks to spread compassionate understanding and to simplify lifestyles by promoting awareness of the connections between the way we live and the way others suffer, and between development, consumption and the destruction of the planet. Co-ordinators:
Vegans International coordinates the promotion of veganism, encourages the formation of new organizations, and organizes an annual vegan festival. Contact:
Vegan Contacts Abroad. For a listing, send an SAE to the Vegan Society marked 'Vegan Contacts Abroad'.
Classified
* B r e a t h t a k i n g m o u n t a i n scenery * Highly a c c l a i m e d v e g a n fare * F r e e use of bicycles & t a n d e m * 5 % d i s c o u n t for Vegan Society members
ACCOMMODATION
ACTIVITY HOLIDAYS
\/egi\/entures Activity b Sightseeing Holidays - Great Vegetarian / Vegan Food • • • • • •
Paris Weekends Peru. "Journeys of a Lifetime Norway. Cross-Country Skiing Portugal Lake District. Fell Walking Scottish Highland Adventure
copy of our Vegeumn HoMay Krtnrw plea s* wnle or phone quoting Rrf: Wi
For details and a Free
N i g e l W a l k e r , V e g i V e n t u r e s , 17 L i l i a n Rd., B u m h a m - o n - C r o u c h .Essex C M O 8 D S T e l : 0621 7M2S5
ANIMAL CARE M E A T - F R E E C A T S ! Vegan supplem e n t s f o r h o m e - m a d e vegan recipes. SAE: K a t z G o V e g a n , 7 Battle Road. St L e o n a r d s , Sussex T N 3 7 7 A A .
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES W A N T E D ! C o - o p e r a t i v e partners for new veggie-green venture. L o n g term interest and c o m m i t m e n t to vegetarian ethic essential. Previous e x p e r i e n c e and personal financial input not necessary. S o m e f i n a n c e presently available, 'though additional o f f e r s m o s t w e l c o m e . Box no. 216.
CATERING F R O M P R I V A T E D I N N E R parties to w e d d i n g s , A & D catering will provide excellent service with vegan food. Will q u o t e f o r all areas. Celebration cakes to y o u r requirements. A & D Catering, 48 H a m p s t e a d R o a d , B i r m i n g h a m B 1 9 1DB. Tel 021 5 5 4 2 3 4 9 .
EATING OUT
wm mmu
THE BAY TREE the vegetarian cafe Open every day (except Monday) 10am-9pm
All f o o d is d a i r y a n d e g g f r e e . 4 0 3 Great Western Road. Kelvinbridge.
seminars, lectures and treatments on health and diets. Dowsercourses. Please call o r write:
C O R N W A L L . Spacious self-contained holiday flat over-looking picturesque estuary, sleeps 4, vegan o w n e r s . S A E Blackaller, M e a d o w l a n d s . T h e Saltings. Lelant. T R 2 6 3 D L . (0736) 7 5 2 4 1 8 . D A R T M O O R . Self-catering holiday a c c o m m o d a t i o n f o r n o n - s m o k i n g vegans at V E G F A M ' s headquarters. S A E : ' T h e S a n c t u a r y ' , near L y d f o r d , D e v o n E X 2 0 4 A L . 0 8 2 2 8 2 2 0 3 (or 0462 4 5 6 2 9 4 ) . I S L E O F M U L L . Vegetarian/vegan traditional w h o l e f o o d dinner, bed. breakfast in c o m f o r t a b l e modernized crofthouse. '/ 2 mile f r o m 5 m i n ferry to the holy Isle of Iona. Visit the lovely Ross of Mull, splendid s e a s c a p e s , lonely beaches, fascinating wildlife. H & C in r o o m s , bike hire. Tel. 0 6 8 17 2 7 6 . L A K E D I S T R I C T luxury a c c o m m o d a tion in 18C vicarage. W e are 100% vegetarian and p r o v i d e excellent vegan breakfast and d i n n e r dishes. Beautiful w a l k s f r o m the door. Modest tariff. B e e c h T r e e , Coniston. (05394) 4 1 7 1 7 .
A U S T R I A . " A r c h e " is a s m a l l , friendly v e g / v e g a n / w h o l e f o o d g u e s t h o u s e in historical C e l t i c m o u n t a i n village. H o m e g r o w n d e l i c i o u s varied m e a l s . Is an ideal b a s e f o r t o u r i n g , m o u n t a i n w a l k s .
32
f
1 Enjoy a relaxing holiday amidst beautiful coastal and moorland scenery - ideal for walking. Spacious Edwardian house overlooking Portock Bay. Excellent traditional, vegetarian and vegan food. Log fires on chilly evenings. All bedrooms ensuite with tea/coffee making facilities. Special weekend breaks.
Tel 0643 862289
WMdcete" The Saltings, Lelant St Ives, Cornwall Quiet Country Hotel overlooking beautiful tidalestuary and bird sanctuary Britain's oldest vegetarian and vegan hotel is family owned and stands in its own grounds dose to beaches and unspoilt coastal walks Superb cuisine and friendly personal service. Some rooms with shower/wc en suite For further information and brochure please contact
G R E E N F I E L D H A L L , Colne, L a n c a s h i r e , 16C m a n o r house. V e g e t a r i a n / v e g a n B B E M f r o m £12.00. G o u r m e t v e g a n meals. Convenient Lakes, Dales. Manchester, L e e d s . (0282) 862795 for brochure.
N O R T H P E N N I N E S . W h o l e f o o d vegetarian/vegan B & B / E M s . O v e r l o o k i n g quiet village. Licensed. N o S m o k i n g . O p e n all year. 1 c r o w n .
P O R T S M O U T H . Vegan/vegetarian w h o l e f o o d B & B , optional e v e n i n g meal. N e a r ferries, historic ships, beach and c o u n t r y s i d e . P h o n e for brochure.
S T I V E S , C o r n w a l l vegetarian/vegan g u e s t h o u s e overlooking St Ives bay, close to C a r b i s B a y ' s beautiful golden sands, station and St Ives picturesque harbour. D e l i c i o u s vegan/vegetarian m e n u s , ensuite r o o m s , tea m a k i n g facilities, central heating. Children w e l c o m e . Brochure:
S C O T T I S H H I G H L A N D S , near Ullapool: secluded, idyllic, romantic, roadless, stressless, smokeless, seals, porpoises, boats, bikes, gourmet Scottish vegan cuisine.
S O M E R S E T . Exclusively vegetarian guest house. All meals vegan. Bordering Devon and Dorset. It is an ideal base for touring, walking or relaxing in our 16th century house. C r e w k e m e 0460 73112. S O M E R S E T . Vegetarian/vegan/wholefood B&B. A place to relax — Chestnut Farmhouse, Meare, Glastonbury B A 6 9 T H . Contact: S T A Y V E G A N IN W E S T C O R K . Self catering and B & B with ensuite facilities. 3km from the coast, in peaceful wooded surroundings. Ideal for touring, cycling and walking. T w o people from £75.00 p.w. B & B £11.00 per person sharing. Green Lodge, Trawnamadree. Ballylickey, Bantry. Tel. 353 2 7 66146. S W A N S E A V A L L E Y . Luxury double bedded room, en suite living room plus optional single bedded room. Well located. Including breakfast. £12pp. 0792 830586. V E G A N B&B. 4 miles south of Kendal. Strictly no smoking. Children welcome. Packed lunches & evening meals available. Tel:
MAIL ORDER
BEECHMOUNT Near Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, LA22 OLB
Vegetarian/vegan B&B, delightful country house accommodation. Situated in Beatrix Potter's picturesque village of Near Sawrey with its olde worlde inn, 2 miles from Hawkshead, Lake Windermere (car ferry) 2.miles. Delicious breakfast lovely bedrooms with tea/coffee, TV, etc, and panoramic views over Esthwaite Water. Ideal centre for lakes, tarns, fells and Grizedale Forest Ambleside, Coniston and Bowness only a short distance aw»v
Tel.
OranNaNL ara
Breathtaking views from this warm and welcoming non-smoking guest house set amongst the finest scenery in Britain. Ideals situated on the coast of Wester Ross, we offer spacious accommodation, delicious vegan and vegetarian food and lovely views across Lock Euie from every room. Perfect for touring, walking, bird watching or just relaxing with our shelves of books. Self catering flat also available. For details please write to:
H I G H Q U A L I T Y original vegan perfumes. body, hair, and skin preparations. Send SAE for free brochure or £9.50 for set of seven trial size perfumes to: Dolma, 19 Royce Avenue, Hucknall, Nottingham NG15 6FU. Trade enquiries welcome. L I Q U I D C O N C E N T R A T E is the biodegradable liquid soap derived from coconut oil, which is fiee of animal products and animal testing. SAE for details: Dept EV, Janco Sales, 11 Seymour Road, Hampton Hill, Middlesex TW12 1DD. V E G E T A R I A N S H O E S ! Vegetarian Shoes! Non-leather, breathable, water resistant, hand-made. Smart & casual styles. Free information from 36 Gardner St. Brighton BN1 1UN.
"New Improved"
VEGAN HIKING BOOTS Tough, c o m f o r t a b l e a n d lightweight N e w synthetic suede/nylon cordura uppers. Ideal for hiking, leisure, sabbing etc. N e w c o l o u r olive green. £ 4 5 . 0 0 incl. post & packing
(0*45)
S H R O P S H I R E . Bentley House. 18C h o u s e in unspoilt countryside, close L u d l o w , Strettons, Ironbridge.
Exclusively vegetarian/vegan wholefood. Vegan proprietors. Central heating. N o smoking. B & B , E M , packed lunches. Tel. 05887 255.
LAKE DISTRICT
M I D W A L E S . Staylittle (Centre Alternative T e c h n o l o g y , Machynlleth. 15 miles). V e g a n / V e g e t a r i a n B & B . N o n s m o k i n g B & B £ 1 0 p p . Optional evening meal £6.50. T e l (05516) 425.
co-operative
HOLIDAY ACCOMMODATION
Tel (03397) 55759for details or write to II Bridge Square. Ballmer AB35 5QJ
Tel (0736) 7 5 3 1 4 7
LIGHTHOUSE ACCOMODATION in G w e n t with w a t e r bed r o o m & flotation tank. P e r f e c t for romantic weekend breaks. Coastal walks, very relaxing. Resident Esoteric Astrologer. Tel. 0 6 3 3 810126.
Glasgow. Tel: 041 334 5898
a workers'
B + B £ 1 4 , E.M. £9. N o s m o k i n g
(
731394.
Designer Wares, 8 AshweU Road, Bradford BD9 4AV Tel: 0274 483390
The Vegan. Spring 1992
MISCELLANEOUS
ALL LINEAGE AND SEMI-DISPLAY ADS MUST BE PRE-PAID
NURSING HOMES B E T H A N Y V E G E T A R I A N Nursing H o m e caters exclusively for vegetarians and vegans with wholistic therapy. 7/9 Oak Park Villas, Dawlish, Devon E X 7 ODE. Telephone 0626 862794.
PERSONAL THE ORDER OF THE CROSS SPIRITUAL AIMS AND IDEALS The Order is an informal Brotherhood and Fellowship, having for its service in life the cultivation of the Spirit of Love towards all Souls: Helping the weak and defending the defenceless and oppressed; Abstaining from hurting the creatures, eschewing bloodshed and flesh eating, and living upon the pure foods so abundantly provided by nature; Walking in the Mystic Way of Life, whose Path leads to the realization of the Christhood; And sending forth the Mystic Teachings unto all who may be able to receive them — those sacred interpretations of the Soul, the Christhood, and the Divine Love and Wisdom, for which the Order of the Cross stands. Regular Services, Meetings and Retreats are held in London and elsewhere. For further information please contact the Headquarters, 10 De Vere Gardens, London W8 5AE, telephone 071 937 7012.
WILLS AND TESTAMENTS • Wills by mail • Friendly & prompt advice • Reasonable rates • Expert service by a vegetarian Barrister Please write to:
PUBLICATIONS AH IMS A. Q u a r t e r l y m a g a z i n e of t h e American Vegan Society. Veganism, Natural Living, Reverence for Life. Calendar Year subscription $15. Address: 501 Old Harding Highway, Malaga, NJ 08328, U S A .
If you are seeking new vegan friends or a lasting partnership. Concordia - Vegis is especially for you: Run by a member of the Vegan Society. Nationwide membership of vegans, fruitarians and vegetarians. Self-selection from our book of members sent to all who join. Ask about our half price membership offer to members of the Vegan Society. Send for our non-glossy, no-hype, recycled details, enclosing stamp. Concordia-Vegis, PO Box 165, Chesterfield Derbys S41 0DT
SITUATIONS VACANT
FASTING-WALKS For some 5 years, organised small groups have been walking in the loveliest parts of Europe while fasting. We cover 10-15 miles every day for a week. For most, it is a rewarding experience, both in losing weight and refreshing our mind and bodies.
G E N T L E L I V I N G v e g a n centre N o r t h Madeira, would welcome experienced c a r p e n t e r t o c o m p l e t e w o r k with h o u s e . Also someone for housekeeping preferred. Period summer. A c c o m m o d a t i o n and v e g a n f o o d o f f e r e d in e x c h a n g e . W r i t e in c o n f i d e n c e e n c l o s i n g recent p h o t o g r a p h . B o x no. 2 1 9 .
For further details, please contact: Tel. 081 907 9841
A M P L I F L A I R E returns the heat otherwise lost. Fits all stoves. Most efficient wood burners & C H boiler.
RATES AND CONDITIONS All prices inclusive of VAT Series discount: (4 consecutive
T H E CUSTODIANS believe in God and veganism and speak for the animals.
H O U S I N G C O - O P . Large mansion undergoing total renovation. Aims and influences include permaculture, self sufficiency, alternative energy and sanitation, workers co-ops for crafts and produce. Vegan wholefoods, vegan/organic methods veg. gardens, orchards, greenhouse. Events field with campers kitchen, plus indoor rooms for camps, courses, meetings with or without catering, low cost, taking bookings now. Visitors and ' W w o o f e r s ' welcome. New members needed. Part of national "Radical Routes' Network of housing and workers co-operatives and ethical investment scheme. Investment/loans welcome. Details, SAE, to: Earthworm Co-op, Wheatstone, Leintwardine, Craven Arms, Salop SY7 0LH. S T E L L A T E R R A E (Inspirational poem). Offers an important message about how the Earth may yet be saved. £3.50, Howard, c/o V e g f a m ' s HQ. V E G F A M feeds the hungry — vegetable foodstuffs, leaf protein, horticulture, irrigation, afforestation etc. The Sanctuary, Nr Lydford, Okehampton, Devon E X 2 0 4AL. Tel. 0822 82203.
33 The Vegan. Spring 1992
insertions prepaid): 10% Box No: ( p e r i n s e r t i o n ) £ 2 . 0 0 e x t r a
Lineage Commercial: £6.00 for 20 words (minimum) Additional words: 35p each
Non-commercial: £4.50 for 20 words (minimum) Additional words: 25p each
CONTACTCEO^E CONTACT CENTRE is a caring, so lowfees friendship agency, quite different from all others catering exclusively for vegans and vegetarians both in Britain and abroad for any purposes. CONTACT CENTRE enables you to choose friend(s) from detailed adverts and/or to write an advert yourself without disclosing your name and address. CONTACT CENTRE gives full scope to your individual requirements; you don't even have to complete a form. Instead a friendly ear is leant to every member. As we cannot tell all in this advertisment, please write for membership details from:
CONTACT
CL^mZ
(MV) BCM Cuddle. London WC1V 6XX
Final copy date for SUMMER 1992: 25 April 1992
Semi-display (boxed) Commercial: £ 6 . 0 0 per single column centimetre Non-commercial: £4.50 per single
When replying to an advertisement please ^ & mention that you jf^ saw it in . . .
THE
icfan o
column centimetre Typesetting service (if required): £2.00 PAYMENT Pre-payment please by cheque or postal order made payable to 'The Vegan Society'. Eire and overseas: Payment must be by sterling cheque drawn on an English bank or by international money order.
may be accepted from catering establishments that are not run on exclusively vegan lines, provided that vegan meals are available and that the wording of such ads reflects this. The submission of an advertisement is deemed to warrant that the advertisement does not contravene any Act of Parliament, nor is it in any other way illegal or defamatory or an infringement of any other party's rights or an infringement of the British Code of Advertising Practice.
PUBLICATION DATES
Deed of Covenant A Deed of Covenant substantially increases your gift or subscription to the Vegan Society at no extra cost to yourself,
because the
Society is able to claim the income tax that you have paid. Provided you are a taxpayer, the Society can claim an additional 33p (at current tax rates) for every pound you covenant. T h e Deed need only apply for four years, assuring the Society of
March, June, September, December
The Vegan Society reserves the right to refuse or withdraw any advertisement.
COPY DATES
a regular income so that it can plan for the future. It is easy to c o m p l e t e and o n c e m a d e you o n l y have to sign a claim f o r m which w e send y o u in the first year.
25th Jan, 25th April, 25th July, 25th October CONDITIONS OF ACCEPTANCE
Although every care is taken, the Vegan Society cannot accept liability for any loss or inconvenience incurred as a result of errors in the wording, or the late or non-appearance of an advertisement.
H O W YOUR C O N T R I B U T I O N G R O W S H e r e are s o m e e x a m p l e s : Annual Amounts £
Advertisements are accepted subject to their satisfying the condition that the products advertised are entirely free from ingredients derived from animals; that neither products nor ingredients have been tested on animals; and that the content of such ads does not promote, or appear to promote, the use of non-vegan commodities. Books, records, tapes etc. mentioned in advertisements should not contain any material contrary to vegan principles. Advertisements
IMPORTANT Display and semi-display advertising is now dealt with by Steve Hack & Steve Baker at: Eco Marketing, Queen Anne House, Charlotte Street, Bath Avon BA1 2NE. Tel. 0225 481463.
Tax Rebate
Benefits over 4 years
£
10.00 50.00 75.00
£
3.33 16.66 25.00
53.22 266.64 400.00
If you wish to m a k e a single donation, the Society can gain the same tax benefit if you use a Deposit Covenant. For futher information, please contact:
A L L LINEAGE A N D SEMI-DISPLAY ADS MUST B E P R E - P A I D
7 Battle
The Office Manager,
Vegan Society,
St Leonards-on-Sea,
East Sussex TN37
Road,
7AA.
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT (LINEAGE) ORDER FORM P l e a s e i n s e r t t h e f o l l o w i n g a d v e r t i s e m e n t in t h e n e x t
i s s u e / s o f The Vegan
under the heading
(Please use capital letters) 1
2
3
4
5 10
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Continue on a separate sheet if necessary This form may be photocopied. •
Box No. (£2.00 extra). Tick if required
I enclose cheque/PO for £ Name Tel. No.
Lineage charges. See Rates and Conditions'. • Copy. (£1.50). I require a copy of The Vegan in which my ad. will appear
payable to The Vegan Society Ltd.' Address Date
Signature
Post code
Return to: The Advertising Manager, The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea. East Sussex TN37 7AA. (Tel. 0424 427393)
34
The Vegan. Spring 1992
NOTICE TO ALL PET OWNERS 1 Are you concious of your health? 2 Do you look for a nutritious, balanced diet ? 3 Is it high in fibre with no additives or preservatives? Then why do we feed our pets on junk food and expect them to be full of health and vitality? • FOR ONLY 30p A DAY YOUR DOG 'COULD BE FED ON THE BEST ORGANIC WHOLEFOOD. GREEN ARK cereal mix for dogs and cats is made with the highest quality whole grains, organically grown without the use of harmful chemical pesticides. High in protein, it contains a special blend of herbs and seeds packed with vitamins and minerals and absolutely no additives or preservatives. lem^T^ - The complete food for health and vitality.
e*no-_ e/?-..on„„
For your trial 3i/2 kg bag ( i n c l u d i n g 1/2 kilo FREE), fill in the c o u p o n a n d post to: G R E E N A R K , Low Flatt, A l s t o n , C u m b r i a C A 9 3DE, e n c l o s i n g a C h e q u e / P O to t h e v a l u e of £6-25 Name
xo
VC\\°
Address
Post code Telephone or contact your local supplier
Tmt OF ^ A L T H & VITAUV*
CRCCNARK GREEN ARK, LOW FLATT, ALSTON, CUMBRIA CA9 3DE. TEL (0434) 381766
ne
It a,
'and sh J e ' h 3cli 0
i o c i i t t
Promoting a diet free from all animal produce and a more compassionate way of living that seeks to avoid exploiting animals for any purpose
MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION Block letters please Name
Address
Post code
Tel.
Profession/Skills Signature Tick as appropriate: • I am interested in veganism and enclose a large SAE for an Information Pack • I adhere to a vegan diet and wish to become a Vegan Society member. I undertake to abide by the Society's Memorandum and Articles of Association (£2 or may be viewed without charge at the Society's office) • Although not a vegan I support the Society's aims and wish to become an associate member • Individual £15 • Family/Joint £20 Q Unwaged individual £10 Q Unwaged family/joint £14 • Junior (under 18) £8 • Life £250 • Donation I enclose cheque/PO payable to The Vegan Society' for £ (£ membership + £ donation). Return to: The Vegan Society, 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-onSea, East Sussex TN37 7AA
l i n k i n g Ahead? There must be many readers who would like to offer financial support to the Vegan Society in its unique work but have limited means at their disposal. There is, however, an easy way of helping regardless of present circumstances—by including a legacy to the Society in your Will. Great or small, such legacies can make a real and enduring contribution to the promotion of vegan ideals. For those who would like to make a bequest to the Society the following form of words is suggested: "I bequeath to the Vegan Society Ltd, Registered Charity no. 279228, presently at 7 Battle Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN37 7AA, the sum of £ , and declare that the receipt of the Treasurer or other authorized officer of the said Society shall be good and sufficient discharge of such legacy." Property left to the Society is another valuable contribution to our cause. If you wish to will land or property to the Society, please write for details of how to arrange this.
The Vegan Society's
The
Shopper Cl K
handy pocketbook format multiple outlet quick reference guide glossary of animal substances useful addresses
^
f
ANIMAI^FREE
SHOPPER 1ST EDITION
£ 4 . 5 0 + 45p p&p A shopping guide for those wishing to buy g o o d s which are entirely free of animal ingredients and involve no animal suffering. • thousands of entries • background information • mail order addresses • animal-free criteria • guidance on additives • suggested reading
Send a cheque/PO payable to 'The Vegan Society Ltd' for £4.95 to: T h e V e g a n S o c i e t y , 7 B a t t l e Road, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex T N 3 7 7AA