THE VEGAN SOCIETY Founded
November,
1944
Veganism is the practice of living on the products of the plant kingdom— to the exclusion of all animal foods—proceeding from a wide consideration of man's true place in nature. The objects of the Vegan Society are to provide in thought and practice for the advance of veganism, and to relate veganism to every aspect of creative co-operation between man and nature.
President: Mrs. E. B. SHRIGLEY, Vice-President: Mr. JACK SANDERSON, Essex. Honorary Secretary: Mrs. E. V . BATT, Honorary Treasurer: Miss WINIFRBD SIMMONS,
Purley, Surrey. Upminster, , Enfield, Middlesex. London,
N . W . I 1.
Committee:
Miss MARIA ARNALDI, Miss BARBARA, Mrs. E . V . BATT, SERENA COLES, Mrs. MURIEL DRAKE, Miss CHRISTINA HARVEY, MABEL SIMMONS, M r s . DOROTHY THOMSON.
Vegan Distribution Secretary: Mrs. S . COLES, Purley, Surrey. Commodities Investigator: Mrs. E. V. Batt, Middlesex.
Mrs. Miss ,
Enfield,
Minimum subscription, which includes "The Vegan," 10s. Od. per annum, payable in January. Life Membership, £8 8s. Od.
THE VEGAN JOURNAL OF THE VEGAN SOCIETY Editor: Mr. JACK SANDERSON, Upminster, Essex. Advertisements: H. H. GREAVES LTD., 106/110 Lordship Lane, London, S.E.22. Published quarterly: Annual subscription, 5/- post free: single copies, Is. 3d. post free. Obtainable from the Hon. Secretary.
LITERATURE " Declaration and Rules of the Vegan Society." 2 page leaflet. Free. " The Reasons for Veganism." 4 page leaflet. Free. "Vegan Protein Nutrition." 12 page leaflet. 1/-. " A Handbook of Practical Veganism." 24 pages with cover. Obtainable from the Hon. Secretary. Postage extra. 2/6d.
THE V E G A N Journal Vol. XII
of the Vegan Summer, 1961
Society No. 4
EDITORIAL During recent years children and young men and women between the ages of twelve and twenty have been referred to as " teenagers." The Vegan Society is a " teenager" and, like all those approaching the age of 17 years, is beginning to become aware of itself as an individual and aware of the possible spheres of influence in which it may serve. In its early days under the severe restrictions of war-time, and later in the aftermath of war, it was natural that the emphasis of Veganism should be on food, for the change from an ordinary diet to a Vegan one requires careful thought and planning, and in those days was not quite as easy to effect as it is today. The experimenting and the experience of the pioneers of the early years have made it very much easier for those who come to Veganism today, and we can never be too grateful to those who led the way. In more recent years, whilst retaining a constant interest in food in aLl its aspects, the emphasis has gradually moved to clothes and household and other goods, and Vegan investigators have certainly pioneered the way in this field. The logic, humaneness and compassion of Uhe Vegan way -have influenced many outside The Vegan Society, and it is interesting and deeply satisfying to see Vegan ideals being expressed by members of other societies— the hard work of some Vegan lone worker in the " 19-forties " on food has helped hundreds in the " 19-fifties," and the grafting work of some member in the "19-fifties" on commodities will help thousands in the " 19-sixties." The Vegan impulse is now at work in thousands of people scattered all over the earth, some in Vegantype societies, some outside them, and the practical outworkings of this impulse in the field of commodities is only at the beginning of its manifestation. Nylon, terylene and similar products, plastics and other manmade materials from the mineral kingdom are rapidly establishing themselves in every room of our homes, whilst more and more the plant kingdom is being adapted to our use—recent welcome addi1
tions being the excellent range of soaps and similar products which were sponsored by the " Beauty Without Cruelty " group founded by Lady Dowding—and a similar range from Kathleen Long. Whilst the menfolk are only interested in most of these latter products indirectly, fhey are very interested in all attempts to produce for them a good choice of suitable non-animal footwear and clothing. These last few months have seen the appearance in the shops of many attractive and useful articles in one or other of the excellent alternatives to leather. The latest of these is an extremely soft and pliable material whiah achieves bulk without stiffness with a backing of plastic foam. Absolutely odourless, a new handbag in this material can only be distinguished from leather by its price tag. Various articles of clothing, coats, slacks, etc., are also available in a good leather substitute. Man-made soling for footwear has now proved its worth to manufacturer and user alike, and leather-soled shoes are now in the minority, but shoe manufacturers do not yet seem to be taking full advantage of the new materials for uppers. They are not yet convinced, we understand, that there is a demand for such humane footwear. This is where we can all help in a most practical and simple way to get these changes from the animal product to the man-made alternative made more quickly. Send the names of all the people you know who would like to have a wide range of good nonJeather footwear obtainable everywhere (and who would support the manufacturer with their custom, of course) to :— Miss Mitkenhead, " Beauty Without Cruelty," Stamford Lodge, Lees, Oldham, stating your views. By taking such positive action you will be helping your Society, yourself and, above all, bringing nearer the day when domestic animals will no longer be exploited by man. Apart from the outward activities in the fields of food and commodities, our " teenage " Society is also experiencing an inner activity. More and more members are asking themselves, " What exactly is this Vegan impulse which seeks to work through us as instruments ? To what extent do we interpret it correctJy ? What are the implications of Veganism ? What should be the boundaries of its activities and influence ?" Those members who are meeting every few weeks in London are seeking the answers to these questions. Some of their thoughts are reported in this issue, and their further thoughts at future meetings will be reported whenever possible. Most of our members can attend such meetings but rarely, and we welcome your comment and contributions as to wihat you consider the scope of Veganism to be, and what you think should be its further development in practice. Write in to the Secretary or Editor, and always indicate, please, if your letter and name are not available for the Readers' Letterbox. JACK SANDERSON. 2
OUR NEW SECRETARY We are pleased to announce that at the Committee Meeting held on May 16th, Mrs. Eva V. Batt was appointed Secretary of the Vegan Society. The Committee are grateful to Mrs. S. Shrigley for helping with the correspondence during the past few months. VEGAN A.G.M. October. The Annual General Meeting of The Vegan Society will be held on Saturday, October 21st, 1961, at the headquarters of the London Vegetarian Society at 53 Marloes Road, Kensington, London, W.8. This is an advance notice so that members may book the date. Further details will be given in our next issue.
LETTERS TO THE NEWSPAPERS One of tihe greatest services that members can render to the Society is to get suitable letters printed in the national and local newspapers and magazines. These letters may be in reply to previous letters or they may initiate a new series of letters. We propose to help our members to write such letters by providing them with suitable material and copies of letters (or parts of letters) that have been published already in other papers. Some of the most frequent enquiries received are those relating to farming, and its dairy aspect especially. Mrs. Batt has collected together some items that bear upon this theme, and they are presented here for the use of readers. " To produce milk a cow must 'be made to give birth to a calf. This is achieved, in the high-pressure dairy industry, by artificial insemination or enforced bulling. When the calf is born, it will, in most cases, be taken from its mother, whose milk will then be diverted to human beings. If it is a bull calf, it will be slaughtered for veal, or artificially fed and raised to be slaughtered eventually for beef, in both cases providing flesh food for human beings and necessary funds for the dairy farmer. The dairy cow serves her term of intensive calf-bearing and milk production, and when her period of usefulness to man is over she is slaughtered. Sometimes, of course, she is so diseased that she is condemned as unfit for human consumption." 窶認rom Health and Life, by John Heron. "As a result of experiments conducted at Cambridge by Dr. John Hammond, cows are being injected with a serum prepared from pregnant mares. This induces them to shed more than a single egg, so that, on insemination, two or more calves are conceived. 3
Thus the stage is all set for the doubling of the " cattle crop," the cow again paying the price." —From The Vegan, Autumn, 1946. The food value of milk is decreased by pasteurization, and some of the germs and bacteria killed by the heat yield toxic products. Since free milk has been given to schoolchildren between meals, the incidence of " tonsils " has risen until practically every child is either about to have its tonsils removed or has just had the operation. The incidence of udder, trouble and umbilical sepsis, mastitis, and catarrhal conditions of cows is relatively high. " Of the non-milk-drinkers examined for deficiency symptoms the Americans and a proportion of the Dutch and British were •found to be functioning satisfactorily, so dairy produce is not really necessary. One only needs to consider the cruel confinement in which cows, plastered with filth and urine, are kept in the average cowhouse. From such filthy sources the lacto-vegetarians obtain their diet." —'From The Vegan, Summer, 1955, by Wright Miller. " My practice in feeding patients is to advise them to give up milk. It is responsible for far more illness than meat-eating. " I find especially that patients suffering from gastric and duodenal ulcers recover more rapidly if they avoid milk drinking." —Dr. G. Errington Kerr, quoted in The Vegan, Autumn. 1946. " The latest facts on the radio-active contamination of milk will continue to be made known by Colonel Geoffrey Taylor despite the pleas of the Milk Marketing Board. Colonel Taylor, prospective Liberal candidate for Yeovil, has been asked by the Board to be careful about the information he gives at public meetings." —Peace News, 20th June, 1958. " . . . . the well-known infections of tuberculosis and undulant fever which are widespread, even in animals that may appear healthy. Whenever a reactor is found it means that the animal has probably been producing milk with living germs in it for weeks or months." —Life and Health, May, 1949. " . . . Cancer is highest in those parts of the earth where most animal milk is drunk. Milk-borne diseases are recognised even by those who take no .account of the inevitable cruelties involved in dairying. 4
. . . Certainly, it is not irrelevant to set against this (the minddulling effect of milk drinking) the clear evidence that one of the characteristics of Vegan children is outstanding mental alertness." —From " M a n and Nature," The Vegan, 1948. "Among Che beef breeds of domestic cattle, bred and reared under conditions which have not altered appreciably for centuries, the stock are long lived and disease is uncommon. In the milkproducing herds, however, the contrast is striking. Hie average milking life of cows in commercial herds is only three lactations, nearly half of all replacements being necessitated by disease. One of the most acute forms of loss is calf mortality. Over four-fifths of deaths occur within the first month—in spite of the milk which the test-tube will have passed as having an adequate protein, fat and vitamin content. It is the last misadventure in the whole sorry story of featureless milk forced from steamed-up, broken-down cows that it has to be pasteurised to camouflage its defects. Apart from the effects of heat on vitamins, all beneficial bacteria are destroyed." —Extracts from " Milk . . . Tlhe Wonder Food in Chains," by Roy Bridger in Here's Health, May, 1959. Pasteurised milk is heated to 180 degrees, which kills some varieties of pathogenic bacteria, and all the lactic acid bacilla which would normally sour the milk. It is thus left with no protection against harmful organisms which can proceed to multiply a thousandfold. The putrefying bacteria predominate in cheese. " Penicillin has been found in marketed milk for many years, as milk from cows treated with penicillin contains the residue. In December, 1959, George Larrick, Food and Drug Commissioner, said that unless farmers co-operate, the Government will have to seize and dump all affected milk. It is ironic to recall that penicillin residues in milk have been a recognised problem for at least ten years. It is one more instance of the health of the people being subordinated to the making of profits. Efforts are being made to discredit secretary Hemming, who is simply administering the law conscientiously. One wonders if he will ibe a second Dr. Wiley, who was vilified and removed from office nearly half a century ago for his efforts to keep adulterated foods off the market." —From Mother Earth, July, 1960. According to an article in The Daily Telegraph, January, 1959, in which they quoted the Milk Marketing Board, 1,300,000 cows a year are artificially inseminated in this country. The figure, of course, will be higher now. (The method of obtaining semen is not known ; the only reference I have had is that it is " just too horrible to mention." 5
This is a pity perhaps. The worst things go on just because of our squeamishness.) We are adjured to " steam up " the cows before calving with heavy feeding with protein-rich food. " Never mind if the udders start dripping milk before the calf is born," was the advice actually given to me. " If the cow gets mastitis, penicillin will cure it." —Laurence Easterbrook in The News Chronicle, 23rd April, 1960. E.B. & J.S.
IMPRESSIONS OF A N INDIAN JOURNEY A journey to India can be for many reasons. The urge to visit the Himalayas, to enjoy the distant view from Darjeeling, with its impressive grandeur. To get to know the people, their way of living, both spiritual and physical. India is a country of contrasts; the North is affected by the seasonal changes, the South is more temperate, the temperature varying little, becoming more humid during the rainy season of the monsoon. It can also rain outside of the monsoon. This in many districts controls the planting of paddy or rice growing, which is used by the Southerner as the main item in his diet. Unfortunately most of this is polished. Wheat is available, this being grown where the rainfall is less. This is used to make bread, the grain being ground in a stone mill; it is also used to make japaties (?), which are eaten with a vegetable curry prepared from the many vegetables available. Japaties are made by mixing the ground wheat with water to a thick dough, a small amount of which is taken by the hand and placed on a board and rolled thin and baked very quickly on a greased iron plate. This is the simplest method. In another method the wheaten mixture, with a rising agent added, is cooked on the inside of a stove, the rising agent causing the dough to become hollow when cooked. The stove seems to be specially made for this purpose. It is heated with charcoal or small wood chips. Most vegetables are boiled, and when cooked are mixed with spices and chopped chillies; these flavours are usually too hot for the European taste. This preparation is eaten with large quantities of rice. A dall or a gram preparation is made from boiled pulses, green gram (that is a split pea), or lentil, and is either thick or thin according to the custom of the district. It is also eaten along with the vegetables. Sometimes the banana flower is used as a vegetable, this being a dark purple in colour, and it can be quite pleasant to the taste. A pepper soup, sometimes flavoured with lime, is also an item of the diet. In some cases steamed whole wheat is used instead of rice, and being 6
" whole " contains the bran and germ. Banana and ground coconut is sometimes added to chopped cabbage cooked with a little sesame or ground nut oil. A sweet is made on special occasions, using a home-made spaghetti cut into small pieces, cooked with coconut milk and palm sugar, with the addition of dried fruit, of the raisin type. The food is eaten off banana leaves used as plates, and usually with the fingers—a spoon and fork can be used should this be preferred, and provided they are available. A curd made from buffalo milk, eaten with rice, usually finishes the meal. It is the custom to rest after the meal, during the midday heat. Breakfast would consist of a rice flour and dall mixture, in the form of a cake and eaten with a savoury of coconut and rice flour and made into a paste with added spices. Usually tea with milk and sugar is drunk, and sometimes coffee. Water is served with every meal. The evening meal is similar to the midday one and would be taken about 8 p.m. Generally speaking, the Indian is vegetarian and many do not take milk or curd. The water from tihe unripened coconut it drunk and can be purchased cheaply from the road side. Also sugar cane juice is very popular ; this is extracted by iron roller from the stalk of the cane, and filtered into a container. In the larger towns there are small refreshment places where only sugar cane juice is sold and it has a pleasing flavour. Also available are mango juice, lime and fresh orange (extracted with a hand juicer), also tomato juice freshly juiced. Most restaurants are vegetarian ; the ones not so marked are non-vegetarian. It is unfortunate that the Indian is breaking away from custom and taking to a non-vegetarian diet. The villager who lives near the coast and who mostly fishes for a living uses mostly fish and rice, and very little vegetable and suffers accordingly. An effort is being made to change this, but custom is hard to break. There are cases of impaired vision and blindness, usually from nutritional deficiences. India is a friendly country and one wonders where the 420 million people are. The different States are devoting much time and money to the increased production of food grains. The cow is still a road hazard, and is left to wander where it wills, in some cases entirely neglected, the ownership being unknown. Most of the world religions are practised in India, with a dominance of Hinduism, with its beautifully sculptured temples— only those who follow the faith being allowed into the inner shrine. This is relaxed in some of the temples. The influence of education and of the people being drawn closer together by modern modes of transport is having its effect. Modern cinemas and cafes and many homes and offices have their air conditioning. The villager still lives simply and enjoys life in his own way, following the customs of his parents, but the school is coming to the village and the caste system is not being as strictly observed. 7
So the old is giving place to the new and the benefit is still to be felt. So much is being done, and much more remains to be done, and one cannot but feel admiration for the way the immense task is being tackled. F R E D C. WHITTLE.
"VEGANISM A N D EVOLUTION" Dorothy Thomson {The following is a report of a talk given recently in Kensington, London) It is impossible to separate Veganism from the natural course of human evolution. It seems compatible with the idea that we are all following the divine pattern in the universal mind, towards the archetype of which Professor Jung says, there can be no explanation on purely empirical grounds. The perfected human being must, of necessity, be completely •harmless in order to express the divinity which is slowly unfolding in the hidden depths of his being. Veganism, by the purity of its expression and complete compassion, can redeem humanity from the dark abyss into which it has fallen. But in following this path we must not fall into the error of feeling that we are superior to others, for as the whole potentiality of the flowering oak tree is in some mysterious way latent in the tiny acorn awaiting its unfoldment, so is the potentiality of perfection in every human soul, however limited may be its present expression. It may not always be obvious to us with our limited vision, but as we can see a flower unfurling under a speeded camera, if we could transcend our limited experience of time, we would see this continuous unfoldment. Judged on a purely material level we could not say that Veganism is an easy way of life. " Let him take up his cross and follow me " is applicable to anyone who feels the Christ consciousness stirring in his soul. This is the beginning of compassion, the gathering up of life in all its manifestations into oneness, the life of the whole. Then we commit the cardinal sin of daring to be different, for at last we are individuals, breaking away from the crippling influence of mass thinking which causes so much sorrow and suffering in the world. Then begins our Gethsemane, for the story of Galilee is the story of human evolution. We experience our crucifixion and resurrection in our personal lives. Those we love may not always tread the same path. This is inevitable, for the eagle flies alone. The Vegan has reached the stage when he knows what he has to do, for now he listens to the inner voice of his intuition, the only 8
criterion which he now obeys. His own desires and wishes no longer count, for he sees a world in travail, where the weak are exploited and oppressed. Where the creatures should be free in their innocent expression of life he sees them confined and tortured, and sacrificed to the merciless Midas of Materialism, and pity has no place in the world turned commercially mad. But this is not the whole picture, for dreadful as the atrocities are to the sensitive soul, the very extent of them is waking people from their terrible lethargy. The Bhudda said that inaction in a deed of mercy is an action in a deadly sin. This seems to be the malady of the world. Many of us in our hopelessness and sorrow are apt to feel anger and intolerance at the thousands of tepid people who walk, like robots, with a selfish detachment from the suffering on every side, but rather than hamper our own cause by a militant attitude, it is better to win them over with gentle enlightenment to the truth. Resist not evil is a truism that never fails to bring the desired results. Great souls like Mahatma Ghandi proved this only too well. Having dealt with the things which lie in the path of the pioneering Vegan, let us dwell on the more happy element. There is, among a group of people working towards some universal good, a communion that makes relationship a truly joyous thing. I think that selflessness alone brings true happiness and spontaneity of being. The pure living food taken by the Vegan, with its undiminished energy drawn straight from the sun, the source of all life and beauty, renders him more sensitive to the ebb and flow of life, enabling him to live more fully and creatively, as he was meant to live. Some people think that Vegans are too sensitive, but look around at the cruelties and barbarity on every side and see what insensitivity does. Let us be continually aware and sensitive. Surely this is life's greatest gift, for it opens the eyes of the spirit. A poet said we should be as a stringed lute upon which all winds can play. Unless we are conscious of the darkness, how can we comprehend the light. When we see the anguish on every side, where the strong prey upon the weak, and the sanctity of life has no meaning in a world on the brink of annihilation, we know the time has come to end this era of spiritual famine, and to free ourselves from the herd instinct. Let us go bravely forward into the future, forging our way fearlessly through the debris of outworn ideas, a spearhead into the dawn of a new era when all life will be recognised as one, using the form that the consciousness has evolved. Then Man and the beautiful creatures of the earth, his younger brothers, will live in harmony, which is love. This is the meaning of Veganism, a great panacea for most of life's problems. Then the promise will be fulfilled : " Behold, I make all things new." 9
PRACTICAL PAGE (Readers are invited to send in contributions to this page.) I have been at pains to find uses for the " residue" from strained nut miJk, for this must be too nourishing to discard and yet only " sinks " in tea, etc. But stirred into some fresh, grated horseradish it makes a pleasant addition to any salad or savoury dish. ANON. Some years ago a letter from a correspondent in The Vegan stated tlhat adequate Vitamin D could be assured by a brisk friction rub first thing every day. I tried it and have kept it up, not so much because it helps create the sunshine vitamin (I am not sure about this anyway), but because I find it an excellent " wakerupper," and in winter a good " warmer-upper " also ! Recently the rather expensive raw-linen towel has been replaced by a couple of pads which can be bought from the chemist for about three or four shillings and seem to last indefinitely. These are made of foam plastic and are covered with a loosely knitted nylon material. Similar to the popular pot-scourer, but not quite so aggressive ! E. BATT. For some time now I have taken a small bottle of nut milk in my pocket when likely to be out for a meal. Now I have found an excellent use for the empty 3^-oz. Barmene container. It just holds enough Alfonal or nut butter for a week-end away from home! ANON. H p s for Veganic Compost Making In common with other unwanted green growth, vegetable thinnings and weeds, short cut grass mowings should be put on the compost heap straight away, whilst they are at their greenest and luslhest. The mowings should be kept in a proportion of 2 or 3 inches of a 9-inoh layer of green material, preferably mixed with i t ; freshly out comfrey leaves (roughSy chopped), also vetdh, are likewise included in this way. The heap should never be allowed to dry out during assembly. Keep it sufficiently moist by watering occasionally; it is seldom that the materials included are moist enough for long enough. Also during the making and after completion keep a cover on. Undue rain is undesirable, and in any case the heat that will generate should be kept in as much as possible as the heap matures. R.D.O.
On performing animals:— " I'd rather see a man on four legs than a dog on two." —Samuel Johnson. Quoted by U.F.A.W. in "The Neighbours." 10
FOUR-PAGE PULL-OUT, SUMMER, 1961.
COMMODITY A N D OTHER NEWS EVA BATT Messrs. Lusty's Remedies are all free of animal content with the exception of the covering used for Perles and Capsules. Vegetable gelatine has not been found satisfactory for this purpose, but Garlic Tablets are obtainable. We hear that some members are under the impression that Messrs. Nairn's Oatcakes are vegan, but this is not so. Abernethy Biscuits from the same Company contain no animal fats, but whether or not any milk or milk flavouring is included we cannot say at the moment. Messrs. Mitohelhills Wholewheat Sultana Biscuits contain egg, honey and a small quantity of milk products, but their Digestive and Melo Crisp, previously recommended, are readily obtainable from your Health Food Store. There are two reasons why we cannot recommend foodstuffs containing white sugar. 1. It is not a useful food (some say it is definitely harmful), and 2, bone charcoal is often used in the bleaching process. However, it may ibe necessary, for social reasons, to supply some orthodox confectionery from time to time. The following are definitely free of any animal product, always excepting the sugar, of course:— Crosse & Blackwell's Mixed Fruit Drops, Mint Crisps, Barley Sugar Drops, Peppermint Creams, Chocolate Almonds, Sherbert Bon-Bons, Clear Mints, Oranges and Lemons. These last, say Messrs. Crosse & Blackwell, are free from animal gelatine. Many of you write in for details concerning vegan foods and we are delighted to receive your letters. Where the answer is a simple one we endeavour to reply by post right away, but if the item is one with which we have not dealt recently, and is of general interest, the results of our enquiries, good or disappointing, will appear on this page. We know that many of you take the trouble to make your own enquiries of the manufacturers, and this is excellent. Those of you who do this could help other members and share the knowledge so gained by sending into this office the replies received, again good or bad, for publication. Please state if you do not wish your name to be published. 13
A word of warning for those about to begin making their own investigations. Many manufacturers are very helpful indeed in giving explicit answers to polite enquiries, but many more either do not understand the point or prefer to miss it. Such replies as : " We think our . . . contains no animal matter," or "As far as we are aware we do not use any animal products in our . . . " are liable to mislead. Indeed, many people have been so misled, including your C.O. in the very beginning. When foods, household and toilet articles are free of any animal content (including flavours, dyes, "fixes" and perfumes) the makers are invariably only too pleased to state this categorically. When writing to manufacturers remember to mention dyes, preservatives, flavourings, etc., as these last, in particular, are frequently made from milk powder which is often genuinely overlooked by the makers. Paper. Associated Paper Mills Ltd. " M a i l Call" Bond and " K e l v i n " Bond are made by the above Company and are often used for business letter headings and other commercial purposes. Not available, however, in small pack stationery. China. " English Translucent" China. An entirely new type of china, which contains no bone ash, has been described as the most significant development in the industry for some 200 years. " English translucent china " is being produced by the Royal Doulton Potteries and will be in the shops early next year. Although similar to fine bone china it will be only about half the price. The most significant thing, though, is that, once again, man has developed an entirely suitable alternative to the animal product. The bone ash, in this case, has been replaced by a proportion of felspar. As usual, it was not humane prompting which brought about this change, but the economic pressure caused by German and Japanese felspathic china. The sales of this in Canada and the United States have increased rapidly in recent years. Whatever the cause, we are pleased to be able to announce the result. Two reports, concerning cosmetics and beauty care, arrived at this office by the same post. One, exalting the virtues of fruits, vegetables, milk and honey in a new range of beauty aids, states that it is an example of how the world of beauty products has turned full circle. If this is so, it must be getting a bit giddy by now, for the other cutting claimed that a new, and very expensive, face cream is being launched containing mink oil! Of British manufacture, it is due in the shops this month, and we can say with a fair degree of certainty that this will be a highly 12
successful business venture. The product will sell at anything from one guinea an ounce. What, if anything, it will do for the skin of the purchaser has yet to be proved. In any case it will not make the slightest difference to the supplier of the raw material, the wretched little mink, who will have no say in the matter anyway. Cuddly, reasonably priced, nylon " fur " toys are now in many shops. Most of these can be washed, and tumbler or spin-dried. The most attractive we have seen is an all-white, very naturallooking, baby seal made by Messrs. Jean Scott Toys. Both this, and a .black and white Skunk from the same Company have been selected for display by the London Design Centre. These make excellent car mascots for those who like to adorn their rear parcel shelf and many are being sold for this purpose. At a recent Exhibition of Children's Wear in London we found practically all Manufacturers making use of the many man-made fibres now available. The modern trend is the blending of two or more fibres to give the best features of both. From filmy white " Orion " shawls to slacks and cardigans for the under-twenties, we found very little wool indeed compared to a few years ago. Only, in fact, where it was used in conjunction with a synthetic fibre. Davies and Sadler Ltd. are making beautiful, and sensible, toddler's clothes in " Courtelle " with added Nylon. This combination maJces for soft, light, warm and " non-tickle " garments. We know it will be good news to many to learn that very shortly it will be possible to get cardigans and pull-overs for the under-fives in something other than the pastel shades. These will be excellent for next winter. Other practical new garments are the " Courtelle " and Cotton range for small boys from Chilprufe. When buying remember that the same Company make a " Courtelle " and Wool range also. Always make a point of looking at the tickets stitched into every garment. Footwear We hear that some new styles of non-leather shoes are now in the Henry Playfair shops. No details yet, but if any members live near one of these shops, perhaps they could tell us about them. News has just reached us of an attractive shoe in white or lime green which is now in the shops. Made by Olarks, this one came from Whiteley's in London but should be obtainable in any large store stocking footwear from this manufacturer. Called " Sailmakers," they have medium low heels, an open pattern and bow trimming. We have not seen them yet, but hear excellent reports from those who have bought them. Cost, 2 9 / l i d . 13
Knitting Yarns A beautifully coloured, glossy booklet called " Knitting with Bri-Nylon" as now available to Do-lt-Yourselfers (alternative, knitters). Ask for it where you get your knitting yarns. It contains useful hints on buying, washing, and testing as well as knitting techniques for Bri-Nylon. Also photographs of made up garments and close-ups of the various stitches used—sufficiendy interesting to make me want to leave this typewriter and start making something right away. We have seen recently (but not in a shop) a most attractive tuck-in-or-over-blouse made in fine weave viscose rayon and printed with illustrations of fruit, seeds and vegetables! We are now trying to find one—can anyone advise ? Although it is possible to buy garments and knitting yarns of man-made fibres in a wide variety of shades, it is not yet possible to get your light-coloured articles re-dyed. This is because few, if any, Dyers and Cleaners yet have the high-pressure equipment necessary for this. Sometimes also, the type of finish used on a certain yarn will prevent it being re-dyed successfully, so our general advice must be to stay with the colour you first thought of ! Messrs. Courtaulds have been experimenting (not entirely on our account!) on the re-dyeing of Courtelle garments and state that it should not be long before dry cleaners have a dyeing service for these which will be subject to a labelling scheme. Martins (dry cleaners) have reached an advanced stage with this problem, and we understand will very shortly be able to offer a dyeing service for garments made from Courtelle. " Triconyl" is a type of knitted nylon fabric, by Tricosa Ltd. We should like to thank the British Man-Made Fibres Federation and British Nylon Spinners Ltd. for their courteous and helpful advice on various matters, without which some of your postal queries would still be in the " In " tray ! Under the heading " T h e Truth about By-Products" in the January number of Ahinsa, the Journal of the American Vegan Society, the editor writes : " Many giraffes are slaughtered by poachers merely to sell their tales for fly-whisks; many Columbus monkeys to make rugs out of their lovely black-and-white f u r ; many elephants to satisfy the demand of white men for ivory ornaments. . . . Note that word 'DEMAND'! " We Should lose no opportunity to create and encourage interest "{and demand) for the humane products, which, in this new age are so plentiful and varied. 14
SIMPLE VEGAN SAVOURIES By MABEL SIMMONS Mixed Salad Lettuce. Tomatoes. Dates. Cress.
Chopped dandelion leaves. Chicory. Dressing.
Arrange lettuce around dish. Cut all vegetables (except cress) into small pieces, place in centre of dish, sprinkle over dandelion leaves and cress. Pour over any dressing (mint sauce, or lemon and olive oil). Macedoine of Vegetables in Jelly Carrots. New potatoes. Green peas. Beans.
Kohl-rabi. Seasoning. 1 bay leaf.
Slice or out into cubes all vegetables, cook gently in sufficient water to cover with bay leaf and knob of vegetable margarine. When cooked, strain off stock. Place vegetables in mould. Make stock up to i pant, place in saucepan, add \ teaspoon Barmene or Yeastrel, sprinkle over 1 level teaspoon of agar-agar. Bring to the boil, simmer for 2 minutes ; when cool, pour over vegetables. Put in a cold place ; when set it can be turned out. Decorate with parsley and tomatoes. Serve with nut savoury rolls. Savoury Nut Rolls 3 oz. milled Brazil or hazel nuts. 3 oz. wholemeal. Breadcrumbs.
1 small onion. 1 tablespoon cooked oatmeal. Seasoning.
Mix nuts and crumbs together, add seasoning; chop onion finely, fry in nutter golden brown. Place onions on top of breadcrumbs, bind with cooked oatmeal, form into a long roll. Pastry.—J lb. wholemeal i lb. nutter.
flour.
1 cup of water,
Rub fat in flour, add water to make soft dough. Roll out oblong, wet left-hand rolled out pastry, place nut roll along, fold over wet edge, press down, cut along, then cut into sections (small savoury rolls)—makes about 14 savoury rolls. Stuffed Vegetable Marrow 1 medium vegetable marrow. 1 lb. butterbeans or lentils. 2 oz. breadcrumbs.
1 tablespoon chopped parsley. Allso chopped chives. Seasoning.
Soak 'butterbeans overnight, remove jackets, cook in sufficient water to just cover. When cooked add breadcrumbs, parsley, chives, seasoning. Mix all well together. 15
Peel marrow and cook gently (steam if possible, or cook in oven for about 20 minutes). Remove seed either by cutting lengthwise or cut one end and remove seeds with tablespoon. Put mixture into marrow, place in fireproof dish, sprinkle with breadcrumbs and pour melted vegetable margarine over. Bake in moderate oven 30 minutes, serve with grilled tomatoes. Prune Soup 1 lb. prunes. 2 pts. water. i lemon.
1 oz. Barbados sugar. 1 tablespoon seed tapioca.
Soak prunes, cook gently, rub through sieve, add lemon juice and sugar. Sprinkle over tapioca, stir and cook gently. Serve hot or cold. SIMPLE SALADS Lettuce and Tomato Salad 1 lettuce. Spring onions. | lb. tomatoes.
1 oz. raisins. Salad dressing.
Chop outer leaves of lettuce, also onions ; mix in bowl with raisins. Decorate with Slices of tomato. Pour over dressing. Serve with chopped walnuts or Cornish pasties. Endive and Carrot Salad 1 endive. 1 cup of grated raw carrot. 6 spring onions.
i bunch of watercress. Dressing—lemon and olive oil.
Arrange carrot and ohopped spring onions on the endive leaves. Decorate with watercress. Serve with milled hazel nuts or galantine. Lettuce, Beetroot and Tomato 1 lettuce. 1 beetroot. i lb. tomatoes.
± lb. dates. f lb. new potatoes.
Arrange lettuce leaves around bowl, place alternate layers of beetroot, tomato and lettuce leaves (beetroot and tomatoes cut into slices). Place new potatoes in centre. Sprinkle over chopped parsley. Arrange dates around the potatoes. Serve with mint sauce and nut roast. All enquiries about recipes should be se Simmons (Teacher of Vegetarian Cookery), London, N.W.I 1. Meadway 1710.
l
"You ask me: ' What is truth ? ' First you must tell me which year and what month you have in mind." —J. Seate in "Any Change is Progress." 16
CRUSADE AGAINST ALL CRUELTY TO ANIMALS You may be reading these words as you relax in your garden, wherein are still to be found some of life's simplest pleasures— the sweet-scented summer air, the glorious colours set off by rich green and, by no means least, the caressing sun-warmed breezes. An idyllic picture which may appear to bear no relation to the fight against cruelty to animals. For several years, however, controversy has gone on—and has sometimes raged—as to whether man has tihe right to deprive living creatures of the open air and sunlight and to restrict their movement in his efforts to produce cheap food. We believe that man has not the right and that he is laying up trouble for himself by resorting to such unnatural methods of food production. I am referring of course to the rapidly growing " broiler " methods of producing food animals. The cry has gone up from the protagonists of the industry that all breeding and rearing of food animals is unnatural and that all of it involves some measure of interference with nature. We entirely agree, but this regrettable state of affairs does not necessitate still further interference. This is definitely a case of two wrongs not making a right. Believing t'hat speedy positive action was vital if the public were to be made aware of the activities of a growing band of agro-ibusinessmen, on 7th December, 1960, the Crusade Against All Cruelty to Animals and the Captive Animals' Protection Society launched a joint campaign against the " broiler" and battery methods of food production at a meeting in the House of Commons and announced their intention to the Press. The Daily Mirror reported the meeting the following day under the heading, " THEY WANT TO BAN BROILERS." Since that time the Humane Farming Campaign, as we have called it, has informed and stimulated public opinion, with the result that a great many people have written to Members of Parliament, to the Press and to the Ministry of Agriculture appealing for humane action against this growing evil. To date one hundred thousand copies of our pamphlet " Cheap Food ? Yes f But is it Good Food ? " have been distributed in many parts of the country. Significant comments in various sections of the Press indicate that the campaign is bearing fruit. We have now begun on the distribution of the second hundred thousand. People in all walks of life are supporting the campaign ; restaurants and shops are distributing pamphlets, as are also editors of journals with their own publications. In our experience, once they know, decent people prefer not to have cheap food at such a price. Sections of the vegetarian movement have co-operated in large and small measure, but not as much as we would wish. It is possible that some vegetarians share the views of several who 17
have written to us, namely, that the only way to stop cruelty to food animals is to cease supporting the meat industry .by not eating animals. Another correspondent stated that she did not wish to advocate even by implication that one kind of meat was better than another because she did not eat any of it. We thoroughly endorse both these points of view but—and it is a big but—if those of us who are aware of what constitutes the humane life and who realise the possible dangers of eating food produced by totally unnatural means take no action, who is going to ? In our opinion this is a time to take one's head out of the sand and face reality. The reality is that humanitarians must band together against intensified methods of food production with as much tenacity of purpose and unity as the " broiler" growers display in their determination to build up the industry. We shall succeed in making inroads upon the industry only by gaining the support of the ordinary public, and this we shall certainly not do by telling them first of all that they must give up meat-eating. That step must come from within themselves. What we can reasonably hope for through wise and forceful action is that we shall gain their active support in the campaign possibly through self-interest first and secondly through a feeling of compassion for the animals and birds. We shall be failing in our duty as convinced (humanitarians if we do not do our utmost in this way. It is our fervent hope, therefore, that all who have not already done so will send to us at the address below for a supply of our Humane Farming Campaign leaflets. We make no charge for them, but donations to printing and postage expenses will be greatly welcomed. Cheques and postal orders should be made payable to Humane Farming Campaign. If all your friends and acquaintances happen to be humanitarians, then may we suggest that you send for leaflets and put them into letterboxes ? There are many other ways which will no doubt occur to you. The important thing is to do something. This is a time when it is as well to recall Burke's famous words :— "All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing." Margaret A. Cooper, Secretary, Crusade Against All Cruelty to Animals, 3, Woodfield Way, Bounds Green Road, London, N.l 1. ( E D I T O R ' S N O T E : At the A.G.M. of the Crusade held a few weeks ago, I was so impressed by the last few paragraphs of the Secretary's Report that 1 asked for permission to print them in the hope that our readers would find them equally interesting, and Miss Cooper acceded to this request.)
Extract from the Secretary's Report on Progress in 1960 In conclusion let us consider the unique contribution which this young, immensely active, and forthright movement of ours has to 18
offer the troubled world of today. It offers neither a recreational pastime nor a sentimental hobby. What it does offer is a challenge to a new and more abundant way of life which if accepted in full measure will be instrumental in sweeping away much of the cruelty we now deplore. The world's economy is based to a frightening extent on the ruthless exploitation of the animal kingdom but the public in the main are unaware of this because the industries concerned carefully veil the unsavoury secrets of their trade by clever propaganda and skilful .advertising. We of the Crusade are intent upon tearing down this veil and we are doing so day by day through our fearless educational campaign. We are revealing to an ever-widening public that whaling is no saga of courage and endurance when considered in the light of the frightful sufferings of the creatures hunted for their oil; that a fur coat loses its expensive appeal when the compassionate heart hears in imagination the cries of the trapped animals ; that the circus is a delusion and a snare for the wretched creatures made to perform ; that the excitement of the chase after a hunted animal is a legacy of blood-lust we should do well to outgrow; that domestic animals—calves, hens, pigs and rabbits— now being intensively industrialised are still living creatures with natural instincts for the open air and freedom of movement; that the countless creatures which suffer and die in the experimental laboratories of the world are a mute indictment of man's supreme selfishness which proclaims that anything shall suffer rather than man should change his ways of living and so remove his own ills. The Crusade offers a challenge to the public to reject being a party to this wholesale exploitation of living creatures by turning to a new and better way of life—the compassionate way of nonhurting. For not one of us who calls himself an animal lover has the right to point a finger of condemnation at those responsible for or engaged in these forms of exploitation if we have not first examined our own lives to discover whether we are directly or indirectly supporting the industries involved. It takes time to do this; it takes trouble. Nevertheless we know that through the lead the Crusade has given many many people are accepting the challenge to live the humane way of life day by day. By so doing we are, as individuals and as an organisation, in a vastly stronger position to fight the systems which involve animal exploitation because we can truthfully say that we are not dependent upon them and are not supporting them. And equally important, we shall be living examples of our belief in consistency of approach to the whole problem of man's exploitation of animals —a consistency which the Crusade was born to foster. We shall in effect be putting into operation in our daily lives the third of the Crusade's objects, namely, to work towards the general application of the principle of reverence for all life. Our task is a long and difficult one because the goal we set 19
ourselves is high but we must not only measure our progress by the big things achieved which are plain for all to see but also by the changes wrought in the daily lives of individuals and the gradually changing policies of 'long-established societies. The standard is high tout it is the only one which will ultimately bring about the liberation of those entrusted to our care—the animals. Let us take as our inspiration the immortal words of Blake : I will not cease from mental fight, Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand Till we have built Jerusalem In England's green and pleasant land. MARGARET A . COOPER, Secretary. READERS'
LETTERBOX
Dear Sir,—1 read somewhere in the last number of The Vegan that "compassion alone helps no-one at all." It seems to me that in using words so very carelessly as we do in these days, we do not perceive the depth and beauty of their meaning. Coming as this does from superficial thought, our actions will also be superficial and we shall not make real contacts in our relationships or in our activities. Pity implies duality ; it has an object and may lead to action or inaction, tout compassion—com = with, + passion (that much maligned word), has no duality. The very word implies understanding, a togetherness within, which moves outwardly with the intensity and the warmth of passion. This inward and outward movement of the whole consciousness brings swift perception and true action, for it holds the other in itself, be it man, animal, nature or the heavens, and it brings to our suffering world a healing grace and benediction. If we can let go of our harsh criticism and condemnation of others in exposing the cruelty and evils of our so-called civilisation —a way of attack which arouses anger, obstinacy and an intensification of those very evils—perhaps our actions will bear better fruit. To draw constant attention to the facts is enough, for they cry aloud to the very heavens with a mighty voice which cannot be stilled. EVELYN CLEMENTS. S.W. 19. Dear Sir,—Quoting from Peggy Goodman's letter in the Spring Vegan, in which she says : " I don't think there is much of a link between Vegan conceptions and rural life—it does not show in The Vegan very much, anyway." At any rate, the Vegan way is slowly, but surely, leading to a future " back to the land " movement. The Vegan way, when established, will, I believe, wipe out very much of the industry 20
which builds up cities. More and more land will again come under cultivation. There will be no waste for all organic matter will be returned to the land. There will be no polluted rivers nor devitalised foods and sweets. The lives of the people will become more simple, and rural industry will be practised, in which man's requirements wiJI be made, not by vast machinery plants, but as crafts, by hand loom and windmill and water wheel. Forest and hedgerow will adorn the land, as both are vital. Chemical works and oil refineries will no longer exist. Are we any better or happier for the artificial lives we live today ? Communal life and pleasure in the midst of a regenerated Earth, will bring back happiness and life as it was meant to be lived. Examine carefully the Vegan way and endeavour to follow it u p ; grow your own composted crops, if possible, and find some of your foods in the hedgerows. Become a member, get others to follow you and build upon a sure foundation. As we see things today, it seems impossible that the structures and developments can ever fade away, as man himself does. But I believe that the land on which all this is built will, one day, be Ocean, and new land will have sprung up elsewhere. The Vegan way is the way of future mankind and we can, even now, play our part in its foundation. For those of us who come in now, as members to help this grand work, there can be no greater reward than the knowledge that we are its pioneers. Cornwall. EDGAR B. H E W L E T T (Life Member). Dear Siir,—Can anyone tell me of a humane hair brush that comes somewhere near the old-fashioned bristle variety in texture? These nylon and plastic ones are all very well for scalp stimulation no doubt, but how do vegans remove dust and brush a shine into their hair ? E . DOMINEY.
(Letters will be sent on.—ED.) (Sorry, cannot answer that one, only wish I could ! Have our readers any suggestions ? One would think it not beyond the ingenuity of our industrial chemists—perhaps they are unaware of the demand ? How often do we ask for a good non-bristle hair brush ? Let us all get busy on this right away, just keep asking. The retailers will pass on our requests to the manufacturers—if wc make them often enough ! — E V A BATT.) Dear Sir,—I enjoyed the Spring immeasurably. Have more and more wonderful'! I am ever thankfiul to attention to the EXULTATION OF
1960 issue of The Vegan articles by Skadsheim—he's The Vegan for calling my FLOWERS from Braeface, 21
Auldern, Nairn, Scotland. No little success has attended its introduction into t'he U.S. Hope some day that the modus operandi of EXULTATION will be explained scientifically.—Yours, etc., C . EDGAR ADELHELM.
Denver 9, Colo. [It is regretted that the letter in last issue was printed in error.]
NEWS AND COMMENT Australian Visitor. Early in June some members of the Committee met Mr. Fred C. Whittle at the Vega and for a social hour afterwards. He has been a spearhead for veganism and allied causes in Australia and is at present on a tour of the world, having visited India and some European countries. He has made a contribution to this issue and we hope to have more impressions from his pen in the near future. Vegan Foods by Post Many readers live within reach of a health food store, but others do not find it easy to obtain their requirements. Mrs. Drake caters especially for vegans and charges only half the postage on orders of 30s. and over. Her new address from July 8th will be , Blackheath, London, S.E.3. She will live on the premises and her telephone number will be L E E Green 5811. Soyalac and Soyagen are to be imported from America again and she will stock these and many other specialities. A comprehensive price list will be sent on request. Mrs. Drake has worked hard for the Vegan cause ever since it was founded, and she has found another and very practical way of helping it and vegans generally—by making as many vegan (and vegetarian) foods as possible available in one centre. Her efforts merit all the assistance we can give them, especially in the earlier stages of building up. She and also members of the Committee will welcome news of any of the new foods which are constantly appearing on the market. Rules. Owing to imminent changes in the law with regard to charities and societies, a sub-committee has been set up to see what changes are required in our rules. B.B.C. We understand that the programme on Vegetarianism, to be put on by the B.B.C. under the heading " In Britain Today," is likely to take place between July and September. International Natural Health Exhibition in London. This is to be (held at the Central Hall, Westminster, from July 25th to 29th. The chief organiser, Mr. Leonard Sloman, is a firm believer in the natural living and healing systems, and he has made considerable 22
international research into the subject. When he outlined his project at the Convention on Nutrition and Vital Substances, held at Baden-Baden, Germany, last October, to the executive members of the International Society on the " Science of Communication," he received much support. No flesh foods or similar products will be included in the exhibition and vegetarian representatives serve on the advisory panel. Exhibition. An excellent exhibition entitled " Vegetarianism Today " was arranged by the Wimbledon Vegetarian Society on March 25th, 1961. There were many very fine and informative stalls and the Vegan Society staffed a most useful exhibit of vegan goods which had been assembled by Mrs. Batt. Lady Dowding, who opened the exhibition, also arranged a stall to present the new non-animal soaps which she is helping to sponsor. The exhibition must have been one of the most up-to-date and comprehensive of its kind, and the organisers are to be congratulated on arranging an occasion which could well serve as a model and prototype for similar exhibitions elsewhere. Vitamin B12. Dr. F. Wokes is to attend a Symposium on this vitamin which is to be held at Hambourg this summer. Research. The Vegetarian Nutritional Researoh Centre has now moved to 1 Ellwood Gardens, Garston, near Watford, Herts, (situated at the high end of Stanborough Park) and a fine library on Vegetarianism is gradually being built up there under the guidance of Dr.Wokes. Book Reviews. These are regretfully deferred to our next issue owing to lack of space. Bull Fighting. Most of us will immediately think of Spain when we see this title. But certain interests have already made, and are continuing to make, efforts to establish this " sport" in Britain, and subtle propaganda through the media of Press, films and television have already begun to condition the public mind in an attempt to create a " d e m a n d " for this sadistic public spectacle which certain commercial interests will then be only too pleased to satisfy. It is ironic that as football is gradually replacing bull fighting in Spain, the process is delayed by visitors from abroad, especially England, whose attendance at bull fights puts back the day when these arenas of slaughter have their gates closed for ever. There is surely only a difference in degree of the emotions of the Romans who watched the lions and the Christians in the arena and the emotions of those who watch the matador and the bull. Contrast this sadistic death struggle with the words of the Great Teacher who came that we should live life more abundantly. 23
Poison Sprays. The Minister of Agriculture now agrees that many poison sprays are dangerously toxic and have proved fatal not only to the insects and pests at which they are aimed, but also to bees which play a vital part in fruit production and to birds. Measures of control were recently announced. And Now Broiler Rabbits! According to a recent report in Reynolds News, the output of home-produced broiler rabbits is expected to soar from about 15 million in 1960 to about 100 million in five years. The rabbits are fed with concentrated pellets. In the words of Mr. Lambert (an East Anglian farmer), " Many small poultry farmers are switching to broiler rabbits because they are more profitable. Housewives have gone off broiler chickens. They are not very white and do not have enough taste. But the rabbits are white and tasty." M O R E MILLIONS OF MAN-MADE PRISONERS to be sacrificed to human stomachs ! —Quoted in " The Sunfood Way of Health," by Dougald Semple. " Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes has well said that if all the medicines were at the bottom of the sea it would be better for humanity but bad for the fishes. No disease is incurable if treated in time, but some patients are more incurable than their ailments. The fact is that when we supply the body with nothing but pure raw fruit and vegetables we send the best heading agent—pure blood—to every cell in the body. No disease can resist this remedy." MISCELLANEOUS ADVERTISEMENTS ( 2 / - per line: minimum 1 lines; 20% discount on four consecutive issues.) "AHINSA."—Non-slaughter, Non-VioJence ; the monthly magazine for Vegans, ethical vegetarians, pacifists, Hygienists. Special overseas rate : 7s.. in coin or British stamps, for full year.—THE AMERICAN V E G A N SOCIETY, Malaga, New Jersey, U.S.A. DIFFICULTIES IN WRITING 6? SPEAKING.—Help given through correspondence and lts. y Matthews, B.A., ENGLISH and Continental Scooters and Mopeds, most makes. Motor cycles, new and used. Three-wheelers, Powerdrive, Bond, Reliant. Exchanges. Terms. Models bought. Please write, 'phone or call. Your own dealer, RON McKENZIE (Proprietor: R. McKenzie Butterworth, Vegan Food Reformer), 961 Chester Road Stretford, Manchester. Longford 2100. HEALTH FOOD STORE. A wide variety of vegan and vegetarian foods is available, including the new plantmilk. Every effort will be made to acquire those vegan foods which are not easily obtainable, so if you have any difficulty in purchasing certain products, please write to Mrs. Muriel Drake with your requirements and suggestions. Goods willingly sent by post. Postal terms and comprehensive price list sent on request. 5 Tranquil Passage, Blackheath, London, S.E.3. (LEE Green 5811.)
NOBITE H E A L I N G OIL soothes bee, wasp, nettle and jellyfish stings, grass rash and sunburn, and also protects from midges and mosquitoes, entirely herbal. 3s. Od. bottle (post 6d. extra) lasts a whole season. Rayner and Pennycook Ltd., 16v Oatlands Chase, Weybridge, Surrey. RAYVIT SEAWEED TABLETS are ALL seaweed, with nothing added. They will make good any mineral deficiences in your diet and keep you up to scratch. 100 Tablets 3s. 6d., 500 Tablets 14s. 7d. Rayner and Pennycook Ltd., 16v Oatlands Chase, Weybridge, Surrey. SCHOOL of the Rose Cross, 262 E. Wetmore Road, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A., teaches vegan and true Rosicrucianism. N o dues or fees. Free books and monthly letter-lesson. We welcome all questions. USE RAYVIT SUNFLOWER OIL for salads and all your cooking. 7s. 6d. pint. 27s. 6d. i-gallon. 50s. Od. gallon. Rayner and Pennycook, Ltd., 16v Oatlands Chase, Weybridge, Surrey. WORLD FORUM. The leading international Vegetarian quarterly. Edited by Mrs. Esme Wynne-Tyson. Advocates the vegetarian way of life for physical health and a true relationship between the human and creature kingdoms—without exploitation and cruelty. l / 6 d . plus 4d. post per copy. 7/6d. per year, post f r e e — H . H. G R E A V E S LTD., 106/110 Lordship Lane, London, S.E.22.
ESTABLISHMENTS CATERING FOR VEGANS (1/Jd. per line; 20% discount on four consecutive
issues.)
BROOK LINN.—Callander, Perthshire. Vegetarian and Vegan meals carefully prepared and attractively served. Comfortable guest house. Near Trossachs and Western Highlands. Mrs. Muriel Choffin. Callander 103. C O M M U N I T Y O F V E N E R A T I O N , Nadderwater, Exeter, Devon. Vegan meals a speciality.. Peaceful country, convenient sea, city and moors. COTSWOLDS & C H E L T E N H A M SPA.—Hazel Garth, Noverton Avenue, Prestbury, Cheltenham, Glos. Convenient hills, parks, shops. Excellent transport. Ideal touring centre. Highest quality fare. Home baking and produce. H. & C. bedrooms. Every comfort. Mr. & Mrs. Willis. Tel. 7431. DORSET.—Mr. and Mrs. Cox, " Hai-An," Osmington, Weymouth. Tel.: Preston 3285. Small cottage. H . & c. Modern sanitation. Near sea and buses. Parking space. Vegans welcome. EASTBOURNE.—General nursing, convalescence, rest and nature-cure. Out-patients treated. Edgehill Vegetarian and Vegan Nursing Home, 6 Mill Road. Tel.: 627. EDSTONE, WOOTTON WAWEN, WARWICKSHIRE (near Stratford-onAvon).—Modern Nature Cure Resort and Guest House with every comfort, and compost-grown produce. (Phone : Claverdon 327.) LAKE DISTRICT. Rothay Bank, Grasmere. Attractice guest house for invigorating, refreshing holidays.—Write Isabel James. Tel.: 134. MAJORCA.—Charming flat for two offered. Vegetarian, non-smokers. All comforts. Tranquillity and beauty. Some meals provided by arrangement. International stamp please. Mrs. R i t c h i e : Salud, 153; Palma de Mallorca. N O R T H WALES.—Vegan and vegetarian guest house, nr. mountains and sea. Lovely woodland garden. Brochure from Jeannie and George Lake, Plas-y-Coed, Penmaen Park, Llanfairfechan. Tel.: 161. " W O O D C O T E , " Lelant, St. Ives, Cornwall, is a high-class Vegetarian Food Reform Guest House in a warm and sheltered situation overlooking the Hayle Estuary. Composted vegetables; home-made wholewheat bread ; vegans catered for knowledgeably. Mr. and Mrs. Woolfrey. Tel.: Hayle 3147. Early bookings for Summer very advisable.
ir
The most
useful jar in the pantry I
o i l m e n COMPOUND YEAST EXTRACT Barmene is unique! It is the first product of its kind to incorporate fresh vegetable and herb juices, cold pressed to conserve their dietetic qualities. Barmene is delicious! It has a bland, appetising flavour, greatly enhancing the appeal and f o o d value of soups, savouries, etc., to which it is added. Try it, too, spread thinly on bread and butter or unsweetened biscuits, and on jacket potatoes.
Marketing
Barmene is healthful! lk> sail content is biochemically balanced with other important ingredients—and it contains 1.5 microgm. Vitamin B12 per ounce. Less than a teaspoonful in a cup of boiling water makes a sustaining drink. Barmene is economical! It comes in three sizes: 3J-oz. and 8-oz. polystyrene jars at 2 / 2 & 3 / 9 respectively, and a 16-oz. glass jar at only 6/9. Use sparingly to m a k e the most of its delicate flavour.
Manufactured by Graham Dene Ltd., and obtainable at Health Food Stores Managers: L E W I S A. MAY (PRODUCE DISTRIBUTORS)
STUART HOUSE, FLETCHER STREET, LONDON. E.L (ROYAL
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1/10 per 8-oz. Bottle Recipe Book on request
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