The Vegan Summer 1982

VEGAN SOCIETY

LIMITED

President: Jack Sanderson Deputy President: Serena Coles Vice-Presidents: Eva Batt, Jay Dinshah, Catherine Nimmo Winifred Simmons, Mabel Simmons Council: Eva Batt, Serena Coles, Christopher Hall, Kathleen Jannaway, Jack Sanderson, Grace Smith, Alpay Torgut Treasurer: Grace Smith Hon. Secretary: Kathleen Jannaway, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey Assistant Secretary: Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, nr. Machynlleth, Gwynedd, SY20 9LW, Wales.

SUBSCRIPTIONS:

£2.00 yearly. Additional members at same address and not requiring extra Journal, and unwaged, £1.00. Journal subscriptions only: £1.60 yearly.

Editors of "THE VEGAN" quarterly journal: Jack Sanderson and Kathleen Jannaway (who do not necessarily agree with all opinions expressed in it or endorse advertisements).

Publication dates: 21 March, June, September, December.

Copy dates: 1st of preceding month.

The Vegan Society was formed in 1944 by a group of vegetarians who had become aware of the suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to omit all animal products from their diet. Its advantages as regards human health and the wise use of the world's resources became apparent and in 1964 it was granted Charity status. In 1979 it became a Limited Company and its Charity status was confirmed. Its declared object is "to further knowledge of and interest in sound nutrition and in veganism and the vegan method of agriculture as a means of increasing the potential of the earth to the physical, moral and economic advantage of mankind".

Veganism is defined as a way of living, on the products of the plant kingdom to the exclusion of flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, animal milk and its derivatives (the taking of honey being left to individual conscience). It encourages the study a;nd use of alternatives for all commodities normally derived wholly or partly from animals. Free from commitment to any religious, political, philosophical, social, dietary or medical group, members of the Vegan Society endeavour to co-operate with all who are seeking a positive way forward for mankind.

HOLISTIC HEALING

Holistic healing suggests that succesful treatment depends on healing the whole person, physically, psychologically and spiritually, and this is likely to be effected by a variety of Interdependent approaches.

The above sentence is extracted from the brochure of the Wrekin Trust in advertising its 11th Annual Conference on 'Holistic Health and Healing ' to be held at Loughborough University on the weekend 16th-18th July.*It goes on, "Disciplines to be covered include diet and exercise,allergy,acupuncture, osteopathy, massage, dowsing, psychic and spiritual healing, applied meditation and new approaches to cancer, arthritis and heart disease. " It is interesting to note that most of these are products of the 20th century methods of healing that may complement and in many cases replace more orthodox forms of treatment. Much of modern medicine involves very expensive technology and the use of drugs which take not only millions of pounds to develop and involve much cruel experimentation on animals but also frequently produce harmful secondary effects. Despite some of the more brilliant and impressive results, modern medicine seems to many to be on the wrong track, to be disease conscious rather than health conscious, to treat us fragmentally rather than as whole human beings and to require an ever more expensive range of chemicals and apparatus. Perhaps there will be felt a need for some of these things by those who think along orthodox lines for the time being, but surely that need will steadily fall as the alternative methods are adopted by a growing number of people who are not prepared any longer to sweep the cruel methods of vivisection under the carpet, and who desire more humane and wholesome methods of healing.

A great advantage of most of the alternative methods (including many more not listed above) is their economy - they require little or no spending on appar atus -just training and dedication and here again, whilst of course in most fields of endeavour experience is valuable, many alternatives require a much shorter training period.

It is noteworthy that the list of disciplines to be covered at Loughborough begins with 'diet', for surely this is the foundation of good health. Unless the body receives the nutrients it requires in the right quantities it cannot be expected to function properly. It is dreadful to think that because the problem does not receive the attention it deserves and because of its effect on that sacred cow ' market forces' one thousand billion human beings are not properly fed - a problem concerned with distribution than production when judged by current world thinking, but one mainly resulting from an animal-based atjriculture when viewed veganwise. Many people appear to be eating enough yet their choice is an unwise one lacking in many vitamins and minerals. Too many in the modern world put food low in their priorities, eating too many dead, deficient 'convenience foods at irregular intervals. Too many people are living well below their possible optimum state of health - they lack vitality because they lack adequate exercise * Apply Dove House , Little Birch, Hereford.

1

breathe insufficient country air and particularly eat a diet that is lacking in live fresh foods. What a change they would feel after six months if they included these things, particularly salads , sprouted grains and seeds, and fruit and vegtable juices - they would prove to themselves that ' Live food makes live people.'

In this connection too it is worth remembering that live food comes from live soil i. e. soil fed with good vegan compost- fresh well grown food from one's own garden is an excellent form of life insurance. Better infant care, better sanitation and better care for one's own health should cause the expectation of life to go on rising and it is up to each one of us to see that the extra years are healthy, happy and creative.

Living under modern conditions, many of us will inevitably find our bodies building up unwanted surpluses or stores of toxic matter. Either our bodies will arrange their own minor or major crises of elimination from time to time, or we can help by having periodic cleansing or complete fasts- the former would include fruit or vegetable juices and the latter pure spring water or distilled water.

Some bodily distress conditions are produced by stress conditions- by daily work or the absence of work, by difficult situations inside the home or outside it which lead to emotional and mental problems and through them to tenseness in the muscular system and malfunction of the nervous, glandular and other systems. Psychosomatic medicine in general can help here. We may be helped in many situations by learning to understand ourselves better, - our strengths, our weaknesses, our goals, our aims, our role in various relationships, how we have allowed life to mould and shape us, our secret hopes and wishes. Our faulty skeletal and muscular structures can be helped by osteopathy, chiropractic > massage and manipulative techniques, whilst our faulty thinking and emotional problems can be helped by psychology, counselling, meditation, and new groups such as Inner Light Consciousness, Insight, I AM , the Wrekin Trust and many others which seek to expand man's understanding of self and the Universe.

Many believe that it is futile to talk of wholeness and holistic healing if we think of man simply a s a physical body. They refer to subtler bodies and energies and suggest that health and wholeness are concerned with their interplay and relationship. Be that as it may, there are two points that stand out in any consideration of healing.

The first is that the body is internally on the move. Myriads of cells are functioning, serving their turn, growing, subdividing and making new cells and the old cells are being scavenged and transformed. It is this process of regrowth that is the main hope in the healing process. Through it the body can be wholly or partially regenerated. The second is that the emotional and mental field energies associated with this process are dependent on the normal and current emotions and thoughts of the owner of the body - let us hope that these are loving positive and creative, for they will assist the regenerative, healing process of growing healthier cells.

J a c k

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

& n d e r s o n -

*

"Thy faith hath made thee whole; go in peace." Luke 8. 48.

2

*

*

*

Sec&TAW'S PfiQ£

Few people are deliberately cruel but few will consider other animals - or even fellow humans- if they feel that their own interests are threatened. We have proved that animal products are not necessary for human health but we need more actual demonstrations of the fact that healthy crops can be grown without animal manure or artificial fertilisers. We are therefore pleased to publish Lawrence Hill's article on Vegan Cereal Growing - see page 9. Please write to him if you have gardened veganically for at least 5 years. Address p. 11.

BIOFUELS The energy crisis will grow ever more acute as supplies of fossil fuels run out. The growing of trees is a solution that needs the strongest promotion. The phasing out of livestock farming would release the necessary land.

See pages 4 to 7. A display about vegan land use can be seen at the Machynlleth Centre now. it is accompanied by Vegan Society's leaflets. This should bring the vegan message to many thousand people this summer. A similar display can be seen at The Energy Exhibition on at Millom, a tourist centre on the Cumbrian coast.

BLOOD DONORS We have 18 vegan blood donors on our new list. Will those on the old list still willing to help please re-a unications, (and thanks) to Harry Bonnie, London W71 NW. VEGAN FILM We have made only slow progress with arrangements for a new film and no plans for filming have yet been made.

ANIMAL FILM This is being shown in Newcastle, at the Tyneside Theatre on July 26th. Details of other showings from Slick Pictures, 331 Goswell Road, London EC1. Special leaflet to distribute from Vegan Society, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrev.

HOMOEOPATHY AND VIVISECTION ^^ We have heard disturbing rumours that animals are being made ill and then used to test homoeopathic remedies. Write for re-assurance to The British Homoeopathic Association, 27a Devonshire Street, London WIN 1RJ. CHILDREN'S SIZE VEGAN SOCIETY T - SHIRTS, few only .now available.

24", 26", 28", & 30" Also a new supply of adult sizes. See page 36. From Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY 20 9LW- ALL SIZES £3. 50, including p&p.

HERBAL REMEDIES FOR ANIMALS We had several anwers to our request for information on this subject. Apply Laurence Main address above. One letter gave no address.

RE-USE ENVELOPE SAVERS ARE BACK IN STOCK !

Sorry about the price - £1.20 per hundred including p& p Same design as T-shirts, see page 36. From Laurence Main, Kathleen Jannaway ( S C e l e t t e T

2 7 )

National Centre for Alternative

M b

Llwyngwern Quarry, Machynlleth, Powys, Wales.

Tel. Machynlleth 2400

Towards the end of last year the Vegan society and the National Centre for Alternative Technology decided to look into the possibility of a combined Biofuels project. The projects aim is to show, that with careful management, a useful timber energy crop can be grown on uplands at present used for animal grazing. Such a project has particular relevance in Wales with the large acreage of uplands being used solely for sheep grazing.

NCAT looked into the different methods of equipment available for converting timber into useful fuel. Although as an end product a liquid fuel (methanol) seems more acceptable especially as a direct alternative to petrol the economics of conversion on a small scale are, at the present, out of the question Producer gas, a gas produced by the gasification, or partial combustion of timber and timber waste products is a well proven conversion route and equipment is manufactured by many companies throughout the world. The gas is easily burnt in existing cooking and heating equipment and producer units can easily be fitted to motor units. A recent test in Belgium showed a Mercedes Unimog travelled at 100 km in one hour, running at full power and used 20 kg of charcoal. The Unimogs' gas producer unit has a mass of 450 kg with a range of 2 hours at 60 km per hour. Tractors have been converted and returned similar outputs.

Conversion Values: 1 kg of air dried wood. (15% - 20% moisture content) produces approx 2-3 cubic metres of gas.

1 litre of petrol approx 2.5 - 3 kg of wood.

1 KWH = approx 2. 5 kg of wood.

Good quality producer gas will have a calorific value of about 4200 KJ - m u

We have decided to install a stationary unit at NCAT. The unit will provide gas for cookers and gas heaters in the main visitor area. It will also fuel a stand-by generator providing electricity at times of low wind and water in the Summer months.

The main fuel in the producer will be, for the moment, wastes (off cuts and sawdust) from the local timber industry. Negotiations are being made with several manufacturers and hopefully we can take delivery of a substantial unit later in the Summer.

Guy Watson - Nigel Dudley for N. C. A. T. 4

#

SURVIVAL

"What would you do with all the lend that is only suitable for growing grass that animals can turn into meat and milk for us? In some form or other this question comes up regularly in any discussion on vegsnism. Ignoring the assumption that nothing that cannot be used for human advantage has value, we respond with reminders of land needed for wild life, for recreation and for trees. Now with the prospect of economically obtainable supplies of natural gas and coal running out. a new inordinate demand for land looms ahead - for biofuels. How will this demand be satisfied, creatively or destructively?

The. Source of Life From the earliest days of life on this planet green plants have used the sun's energy for their life activities. In the process of photosynthesis they take carbon dioxide from the air, bond the carbon with water from the soil to form carbohydrates, thus fixing the sun's energy- -and releasing oxygen. In the opposite process of respiration, oxygen is used to release the energy stored in the carbohydrates and carbondioxide and water vapour are given out. On . this basic process of plant life all animals are completely dependent. Directly or, if they are carnivorous, at second hand, they eat the plants' stores of fixed energy and use the oxygen given out in photosynthesis to fire their own life activities. Therefore the first priority for land use must be for plant growth.

The Sources of Power One of the activities that distinguished the evolving human species from the other animals was its use of fire. In a process similar to respiration, humans learned to burn plant materials and thus use energy outside their bodies in the form of light and heat for warmth, for cooking, for protection from threatening animals and later for smelting and other crafts Thus begun human power to do so mnny things that other animals cannot do, power to create and power to destroy, power that has reached such awesome heights (or depths) tn our own day.

Developing Technology .

From burning wood humans turned to burning coal - the wood that grew in carboniferous forests millions of years before - and then to oil and natural gas similarly the products of age old life forms. Now they have learned to release the energy locked pre-life at the beginning of the universe in the nuclear structure of matter. Can they be trusted to use such power responsibly or will they destroy themselves in nuclear war or in profligate and polluting exploitation of the environment in vain attempts to satisfy their greed? Many 5

plead for the development of '. non-violent' forms of energy production, from solar panels, wind and water mills, and, seldom listed until recently,from Biomass.

Biomass for Fuel In the developing world the simple burning of wood still provides the majority of people with power which in the form of heat is used mainly for cooking.

Supplies are running crtically low.

In the developed world ways have been devised of using biomass much more economically. By pyrolysis (chemical decomposition by heat) combustible gas can be produced; by distillation and fermentation liquid fuels can be made to supplement or replace petrol: vegetable oils can be extracted to use instead of dies.el oil; plant materials can be used as feedstock for electric power stations- algae can be cultivated to convert solar energy Many different crops can be grown but ALL REQUIRE LAND,- even algae require large expanses of shallow tanks to expose them to sunlight.

Land A vailability More and more land is required to grow food for the rapidly increasing world population over half of which is already underfed so how can any be spared to grow biofuels? Increasingly once fertile land is being turned into desert by deforestation and over grazing. How can it be saved? Vegans, inspired by disinterested compassion for cruelly exploited animals as well as concern for human survival must publish their answer: "Cease to breed, feed and slaughter livestock and turn the vast acres thus released to providing vegan food, which requires so much less land, and to growing trees for biofuel, for other invaluable materials and for environmental protection. " Even to an overcrowded island like Great Britain enough vegan food and enough biofuels could be grown to meet genuine need and still leave wild life and recreational areas ': to provide enough food alone on the present, extravagant high animal product consumption pattern would be impossible, even if we drained all the wet lands, razed all the forest and got rid of all the wild life.

Far Reaching Challenge' Many aspects remain to be studied before biomass, the only indefinitely renewable source of energy and raw materials, can be used to meet our needs efficiently and in a life-promoting way. Technical details like establishing the most favourable ratio of energy input and output and modifying or inventing improved machinery to achieve the greatest ease of functioning, may be comparatively simple to work out. Other' decisions such as what types of'plants to grow and what cultivation methods to use may be more controversial. Most challenging of all are those aspects that relate to our social lives. Dependence on biomass for energy could have the opposite effects on world development and survival to that of nuclear power and at the same time harmonise with the cybernetic revolution now gaining momentum.

For many reasons tree cultivation is to be preferred to arable crops. The 6

frequent soil disturbance together with the massive application of artificial fertilisers used for arable crops could be seriously destructive of soil structure.

Monoculture of trees must also be avoided. Mixed standings of conifers and broad leaved species must be grown, carefully selected according to all the features of the particular environment.

Cycles such as those which maintained the fertility of the primeval forest for many thousands of years will be broken by cropping for fuel and other materials so fertilisers will be needed. These need not be artificials which take so much energy to produce ( five tons of fossil fuel to make one ton of fertiliser); they can be human excreta.

New Social Orders The social effects of changing to production methods based on biofuels could be great and in accordance with trends recognised as desirable by a considerable number of forward looking people. Integrated forest industries using both energy and raw materials from trees could be the centre of self dependent area communities where true democracy could flourish. Locally grown food and locally produced goods could obviate the need foT the enormous amounts of energy now wasted in processing, packaging and transporting, and in the commuting of workers. Such travelling as remained desirable could be managed on bicycles or on low speed, low petrol consumption cars that would .obviate the present appalling carnage on the roads. Many diseases would disappear when workers were freed from long hours in mines and factories and offices. Working and living together, sharing both tedious jobs and creative opportunities people could develop as persons in relationship, meeting eachothers needs.

It is of utmost importance both that trees should be planted as soon as possible so as to mature by the time the oil runs out, and that man should learn to curb drastically his greed and use of energy. Biomass will certainly be one of the major energy sources of the future but used without proper discretion the present mad, predatory destruction of the environment could be accelerated.

Survival Survival depends on creative response to the challenges of the nuclear age, on growth in the awareness, sensitivity and discipline, prompted by disinterested compassion which are the essentials of the vegan way of life. Survival of our children, of the great achievements of human creativity, depends on a radical change in our whole way of life - change that must begin with ourselves and the way we eat.

See quote from Richard St. Barbe Baker on page 21.

- Jannaway.

K

BIUHIHBS

MARGARINE V. BUTTER Margarine seems to be winning, in theory at least.

"Here's Health",May 1982 concludes a series that has run for several months with a firm claim - "MARGE: the LESSER OF TWO EVILS". It adds a warm comment on veganism:"Vegans, their healthy children and grandchildren, are the living proof that you do not need butter, milk or even cheese for calcium."

The British Nutrition Bulletin May 1982 reports that heart disease cases drppped 27% in America between 1968 and 1976 and gives lessened intake of saturated fat as one reason. There has been little improvement: in Great Britain so far but now the D. H. S. S. has given a grant of ÂŁ3,000 to the Coronary Prevention Group (see page 13 this "Vegan") and have published a booklet "Avoiding Heart Attacks'.' The booklet recommends people to eat less fat especially less saturated fats.

"WHICH" of February 1982 enters the controversy with the warning that margarines if they are hydrogenated are no better than butter but gave a useful list of brands of butter and margarine complete with percentages of saturated and unsaturated fats and the source of the fat - and the price.

New labelling regulations proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food would make it illegal to claim 'high in polyunsaturated' unless the polyunsaturated fatty acids were unmodified by hardening.

SHEEP CONVERT WOODLAND TO PASTURE An article in "The Guardian" of Thursday April 22 warns that "the remnants of Britain ancient wildwood will vanish within a century unless there are urgent sjeps taken to protect them from shfeep."

"To reach its maximum height a single oak may take 100 years, although it can begin producing seeds within a few decades. Seedling trees, specially of shade intolerant species such as oak and birch, won't grow and develop unless mature trees fall creating a surge of available light to which they respond. Grazing by sheep blocks this essential replacement. Tree seedlings constantly subjected to removal of their leaves, buds and bark at best remain seedlings at worst wither and die. Unless livestock grazing is removed or numbers of animals are grossly reduced, the woodland canopy will eventually disintegrate when mature trees die and fall never to be replaced. Sheep can eventually convert oak woodland to pasture."

WEANING FOOD "Nutrition and Health", a new international journal edited

by K. Barlow and P. Bunyard has an article by R. Milnes Coates on "What is a Natural Diet ?" It states "Hunter gatherers do not usually drink milk . . . .

A pulp made from nuts and beans is used as a post-weaning food for infants so that the severe post-weaning deficiency found in many African peoples does not exist. Evidence of man's partial genetic inability to digest dairy produce Is demonstrated by the inherited lactose deficiency of the intestine in Chinese, African, Indian and others. " (N. B. of course beans must be very well cooked. Lactose is the enzyme that digests milk.)

WYSOY the soya based infant milk is not^ vegan. Its fat contains beef stearate.

8

CEEEAL

GROWING

WITHOUT ANIMAL MANURE OR ARTIFICIAL FERTILISERS Herr Manfred Wenz is a German organic farmer near Strasbourg, in an area once under French rule, where the Code Napoleon laws of inheritance has so split up the land that his 32 hectares is divided into forty pieces, the largest about two acres. He belongs to a co-operative of two stockless inorganic farmers and one poultry breeder, pooling machinery and sharing grain silos.

Fencing and the cost of dairy buildings and equipment on holdings so split would be prohibitive. Herr Wenz has used modifications of his present system for the past twelve years of organic, stockless farming. His land varies and includes soils from heavy clay to sandy loam, but the method seems to suit all types.

He harvests winter wheat or rye in early August, using a'device on the combine that chops the straw into roughly four inch lengths. This he ploughs under not more that four inches deep, ideally the day after harvest, not more than three days later. After two weeks he harrows to kill germinated weed seedlings, and again two weeks later, using a spring tine harrow combined with a seed drill, with which he sows three decitonnes a hectares (the farming unit in Germany is the "decitonne" which is 100 kg, a tenth of a "tonne" and decitonnes a hectare replace our tons or cwt an acre in this case 2.4 tons an acre) of field beans, in early September. It is important to see that the harrows do not clog on either weedseed killing, because they can pull aside the thin soil over the chopped straw, which must not be deeper or the air will not penetrate to supply oxygen for this to break down.

The beans will be about eight inches high in the second half of September when the winter cereal is sown, using the same spring tine harrow and seed drill combination. If mild weather grows the beans too tall, or he is late sowing, he uses an ordinary harrow to bend them over in the direction in which he is going to drill. They soon recover, and the beans and cereal grow on together through the winter, until the beans are killed by the hard frost of early February.

If they are not killed by the frost, they can be destroyed by mowing when the cereal has tillered but the shoots are not yet making upward growth! .

Herr Wenz took great trouble to find a part hardy winter bean that will grow fast from rather earlier sowing than normal in the autumn and now grows a mixture on 4-5 hectares to supply Ms own seed. Before he became veganic, he bought quail manure from a factory farm supplying 600,000 birds a year to France. The analysis of this manure is approximately the same as that of the frozen beans, which are spread over the field at a time when slugs are few. He has tried under-sowing with trefoil and other clovers but finds that clovers without grazing, or green manures mowed and left on the surface, attract slugs. One year he lost eight hectares of wheat from slug damage.

4

9

Rolling appears the only remedy, but the beans are tall and do not harbour slugs.

When the beans are mown, or killed by the frost, this cuts off the supply of carbohydrates to the nodule bacteria, which releases nitrogen, just as it does when clover is grazed heavily. The released nitrogen, in organic combination, is frozen, but as the ground thaws and the cereal starts to grow the nitrogen is made available as the crop wakes up to need it, giving exactly the spring tonic for which French farmers insist they must use Chilean nitrate of soda. Because the nitrogen is released exactly at the pace at which the crop can use it, there is none wasted in run off to create nitrate problems.

The only manuring his fields get is this surface green manure, which of course not only provides the equivalent to a spring nitrogen dressing but an "activator" for the sheet composted straw. The shallow ploughing conserves the humus in the cereal roots, and Herr Wenz has just started using the Kemink shallow cultivator that leaves the ground in ridges, which needs less energy and does a better job. This is not essential to the system, but the ridges in which the tines of this machine leave the land, mean that only half of the land is disturbed each year, with a saving in root humus, and fuel, for a small Ferguson can pull it.

The cereals are never the lush dark green crops grown with high nitrogen fertiliser, and Herr Wenz has no problem from the three grain aphids that attack the crops of his two inorganic colleagues, and his beans, grown for seed from spring sowings, never have blackfly. He finds that the best wheat for this system is an old one called "Diplomat", for modern wheats are bred for high nitrogen manuring. After the first year, the quantity of beans can be increased up to 9 decitonnes a hectare (7.2 cwt an acre) which gives a heavier "dressing" of recycled plant foods and nitrogen, and crowds the bean roots so they go more deeply into the soil.

Yields build up slowly and reach a level that depends on the fertility of the soil. At first he tried many varieties, securing yields of between 29 and 41 decitonnes (23.1 to 32.6 cwt an acre), but with Diplomat they now average 40 decitonne/hectare (31.8 cwt an acre). These yields are far lower than British organic wheat yields, but vastly higher than Canadian or U.S.A. inorganic yields, so could solve the prairie problem where gaining a good kill of beans would be easy.

Harvesting is by combine, and weed control by harrowing, but perennial weeds must be killed out first by cultivations. The stems of the beans killed out by the frost, stand up to a foot high, acting as shelter for the tillering wheat in cold, windy springs, especially when the higher seeding rate is used, which I s best on the rye period of the rotation.

10

His rotation is alternatively wheat and rye, for in Germany both are bread grains. Wheat and oats or wheat and barley could suit the system too, but the same two white straw crops should not follow each other. At present he grows 11 hectares of rye, 15 hectares of wheat and 4-5 of beans for seed, which means wheat every two years and beans every six.

The major saving is in labour, compared with stock farming, Herr Wenz has inherited a small brewery (shared with several relations) and with no milking and a low demand for his time until harvest, he can run the deliveries^ In the co-operative they have to book the time they spend per hectare, and his works out at 23 hours per hectare per year, while his two inorganic stockless grain farmer colleagues average 21 hours. All three holdings are just as scattered, and Herr Wenz considers that his extra two hours come from weighing up half his grain crop into 15 kg bags for retail customers who call and fetch it. The other half goes to a mill for grinding for sale to health food shops. He has grown wheat and rye without stock now for 20 years, (the first eight with quail manure and the other, experiments with clover under sowing etc. and has had none of the disease problems that his neighbours insisted would build up and beat him. In Germany it is illegal to burn straw on farms, and the two inorganic grain farms sell theirs baled.

Herr Wenz has invented the first vegan grain farming system, but he consiiers it has great scope for improvement. Scattering rock phosphorus on the straw on the Dhar principle might well increase yields, and so could ground limestone.

Different bean or cereal varieties might suit different soils and climates. It could pay small scale organic farmers to take lower yields from working more acres veganically, than to tie themselves to their stock and the slow build-up of their herd.

The use of winter beans as manure and nitrogen providers has been pioneered.

It now needs to be developed to find its place on the organic farms of the temperate world.

Lawrence D. Hills, Henry Doubleday Research Association, Convent Lane, Bocking, Mjg,/ _ Braintree, Essex.

H y ^ M E K i P L A M I L P R O G R E S S The new Plamil soya plantmilk Tetrapak version, the Carob Fruit and Nut Bar and the Plamil Pease Pudding were launched at Helfex (Health Food Trade Exhibition) 4th- 6th April. Please make this news known to your Health Store.

Do you know that Plamil contains 800 parts per million calcium, which when diluted , one to one, brings it more into line with human milk which is 330 p. p. m. from Arthur Ling, Director, Plamil House, Bowles Well Gardens, Folkestone, Kenc. • 11

-PUBLICATIONS With W O R L D F O O D D A Y in mind ; "Plant Foods for Human Health with special reference to the diseases of affluence and the needs of the developing world." J. W. Dickerson, Professor Human Nutrition, University of Surrey. * 35 p "The Role of Plant Foods in Feeding Mankind" by A mold Bender, Professor Nutrition and Dietetics, Uni versity of London. * 45 p "Food: Need, Greed and Myopia" G. Yates. Review of World Food Situation.

Many useful facts and figures.

El. 75 "Food for a Future" comprehensive case for vegetarianism and veganism vividly expressed with facts figures and tables by Jon Wynne Tyson. £1.75 Those marked * obtainable for distribution from the Vegan Society on special terms.

ALSO WHAT'S COOKING ? by Eva Batt. Now famous cookery book & food guide. £3.50 THE VEGAN WAY Why? and How? by 10 very different vegans.

60p PIONEERS (reprint) Reminiscences of 12 early vegans.

60p INTRODUCTION to Practical Veganism by K. Jannaway with recipes and section on The Vegan Dairy by L. Main.

60p FIRST HAND : FIRST RATE 60 simple recipes for economical living largely on home produced foods plus gardening hints. No sugar or hard fats. 65p VEGAN NUTRITION by Frey Ellis M.D., FRC. & T. Sanders Ph.D. (Nutr) Scientific assessment of the diet based on research.

90p VEGAN MOTHERS & CHILDREN by 10 vegan mothers plus reports of recent research on vegan pregnancy, lactation and health of under fives.

65p SA LA DINGS from garden and hedgerow by Mabel Cluer 90p SPIRULINA by M. Hanssen on the alga rich in protein & B12 £1.05 VEGETARIAN'S SELF -DEFENSE MANUAL by R. Bargen M. D. Compendium of major scientific studies on vegetarianism & veganism presented in a lively and readable manner. £2.90 HEALTHY EATING FOR THE NEW AGE by J. d'Silva. Cookbook. £4.35 YOUTH HOSTELLING & BACKPACKING the vegan way.

25p FETTERED KINGDOMS by John Bryant, see Book Review p 16, ' From - L. Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, MACHYNLLETH, SY 20 9LW ALL PRICES INCLUDE POSTAGE. Cheques made out to Vegan Society, please. £ 1

12

5 5

EATING FOR HEALTH or FARMING FOR WEALTH

About fifty people gathered at the Friends' Meeting House, Westminster to hear Christopher Bobbins formerly of the Centre for Agricultural Strategy, Reading, now Director of the Coronary Prevention Group, Central Middlesex Hospital, give the Fourth Frey Ellis Memorial Lecture on April 30th. He held the rapt attention of his audience by the width of his knowledge shown in a very closely packed lecture and by his enthusiasm, for his. subject.

He paid .tribute to Frey Ellis's scientific work and to his thought which would have even more lasting influence on people.

The title he had chosen drew attention to two extremes of policy which needed : to be reconciled if farmers were to have-an assured, income and the nation good health.

In the last fifty years in Great Britain diseases due to undernutrition had been largely replaced by those due to over-consumption in general and to imbalanced intake of certain items. Changes in methods of producing and processing food were largely responsible.

There had been virtually no British Agricultural Policy until the 1914-18 war checked the flow of cheap food imports. Then the Government encouraged formers to produce more by a policy of guaranteed minimum prices and assured markets. The war over they reverted in what farmers still remember as "the great betrayal". The Second World War gave the formers the opportunity to "go rocketing forward in economic and political strength," increasing their income by as much as 300%. After the war the Agricultural Act of 1947 confirmed their power and the Ministry of Agriculture became virtually their own Ministry. On the other hand the Ministry of Food which had helped the nation to improve its health in war time conditions, was disbanded. Though the Ministry of Agriculture has a statutory duty " to maintain a safe and wholesome food supply" it interprets this very marginally - hardly beyond an obligation to keep food free from contamination and to list permitted additives.

The Ministry claims to be influenced by what people freely choose to buy, but that is largely determined by what formers and manufacturers find most profitable and convenient to produce, and by advertising. Health receives little atten tion though there is increasing evidence linking diet and disease and the changing diets of recent years with changing disease patterns.

Coronary heart disease and the related strokes now accounted for about 52% of all deaths. One of the widely recognised major risk factors is raised plasma cholesterol which is related to diet, especially to the consumption of saturated fets. Since 1955 consumption of fet had risen from 35% to 42% of total calorie intake. Reduction to the previous level was strongly recommended.

13

One reason why it was difficult for consumers to discipline their diet was the lack of proper labelling of food. For example it is generally believed that vegetable oils are lower in saturated fats and therefore better for health. Yet the BLENDED VEGETABLE OILS widely sold were likely to be largely of coconut which was higher in saturated fat than butter (85% compared with 63%) Similarly the percentage and type of fat was not made clear. A large proportion of excessive fat was concealed in manufactured food stuffs, for example that popular food item the digestive biscuit was 20% fat.

The over-riding need was for a "Food, Health Policy " to encourage farm ers to produce for health as well as for wealth. Existing machinery could be used, subsidies for instance. Why should there not be free school apples in. instead of free school milk ?

Changing the system would not be easy; it would be a slow process requiring great patience and persistence, but encouraging signs were becoming apparent.

The raising of conciousness about diet, in which the vegans were playing a part was important.

- an informal magazine for vegans and sympathisers in which readers share their views and ideas. Subscription ÂŁ2.00 for 4 issues - 5Op single issue from Gincroft Lane, Edenfleld, Ramsbottom, Bury Lanes. BLO 0 JW. MEETINGS

OF O T H E R

SOCIETIES

ANIMAL AID July 13th, Tuesday launching day for "CAMHEALTH" - a campaign for healthy food. The message is - "Why torture animals when so much sickness can be avoided by adopting a healthy diet ?" Demonstration 10. 00 am - 4 00 pm outside British Medical Association Headquaters, Tavistock Square, London WCl (nearest tube station Russell Square) July 17th Saturday. Nationwide "CAMHEALTH" demonstration outside hospital NATURE CURE CLINIC July 15th, Thursday, 6. 00 pm Conversation between Lord Fenner Brockway and the Very Reverend, Edward Carpenter, Dean of Westminster at St Maryleborne Parish Church, Maryleborne Road, NW1. admission free. A collection will be taken.

Julu 17th, Saturday. Outing to "Art in Action". (A Demonstration of Arts and Crafts) at Waterperry House near Oxford. Coach leaving London at 10 00 am Details Secretary N. C. C. 01 935 6213.

VEGETARIAN SOCIETY Annual General Meeting. September 10th-l2th. Bradford Health Symposium.. October 9th at Commonwealth Institute, London W8.

Details Vegetarian Society, Parkdale, Dunham Road, Altrincham, Cheshire.

14

MEETINGS FIRST ALTERNATIVE HEALTH EXHIBITION Saturday July 17th and Sunday July 18th at the Kensington Exhibition Centre, (former Derry and Toms Building) Derry Street, just off Kensington Vegan Society has a stand and Serena Coles, would be glad of offers to help.

INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIAN UNION CO t 2nd.

Ulm, West Germany, details Maxwell Lee, , Cheshire.

Serena Coles will represent us and read a p cts of the vegan diet. We plan to have a poster display and a literature stand with our leaflets translated into several languages.

WORLD FOOD DAY. October 15th It is hoped that local groups and individual members will organise events in every area of the country, and also cooperate with other organisations. It is vital that everyone should be made aware of the need to check wasteful western methods f feeding from spreading further through the world and to demonstrate that the vegan way -can be palatable'and health giving as well as truly economical i. e. in terms of basic resources of land and energy. Informative Vegan Society publication available on sale or return basis. Leaflets free in return for postage. See page: 12 DA Y COURSE IN VEGAN DIET Saturday, October 30th. Richmond Adult College. Lectures and cookery demonstrat ions and opportunity to discuss with others of like mind in pleasant surroundings. Book early. Details in return for ÂŁ S. A. E. K.Jannaway,47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey.

0

A.G.M. 1982

The third Annual General Meeting of the Vegan Society Limited will be held at Friends Meeting House, 52 St Martins Lane, Westminster, London,on October 23rd at 2,30 pm.

Notice of Intention to propose members to serve on the Council and as officers of the Vegan Society, in writing and signed by a member, must be received by the secretary at 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey not less than three days and not more than twenty one days before the A. G. M. and must be accompanied by a notice in Writing by the person nominated of his willingness to be elected.

Resolutions must be received before August 1st 1982.

It Is hoped to arrange an evening lecture to be given by a well known v egan and to serve a buffet meal after the A. G. M., if enough offers of help with its provision and serving are received well beforehand. We are sorry that premises at the Westminster Meeting House are not convenient for disabled people but there will be plenty of willing help available.

15

Review

"FETTERED KINGDOMS" by John Bryant.

"There is no peace on earth for the truly compassionate for it is the compassionate who suffer the burden of the world's pain."

The quotation is from John Bryant's remarkable little book "Fettered Kingdoms" and all whose sensitivity has moved them to adopt the vegan way of life will feel its truth. The suffering of the compassionate is increased by their sense of isolation from an uncaring world. A s they read John Bryant's fluent, vivid and passionate prose they will gain respite from their isolation and encouragement to continue their lonely struggle.

"There are many of us struggling to find a path through the jungle of emotion, sentimentality, anthropomorphism and traditional thinking . . . " John Bryant writes. We may not choose to follow exactly the path he has cut but the honesty of his thinking and the vigour of his expression challenge us to struggle more effectively to clear our own paths. He admits "I am far from satisfied with many of my own thoughts on some of Man / Animal interactions and conflicts- but I am working on it." So must we.

While agreeing strongly with his condemnation of animal breeding and dealing,most vegans will feel that he has gone too far against "Pets. " Those who have opened their doors to destitute and unwanted animals will wish that John Bryant had made a clear distinction between those who batten on pets and those who share freely with other creatures the advantages and restrictions of civilised living. His 'back to Nature' solution is not one that is compatible with both compassion and clear thinking. Nature, though inspiringly beautiful,is 'heartless and witless'. Humans must use their amazing intellectual powers as tools of their compassion to create a world in which Isaiah's dream of the lion lying down with the lamb and eating straw like the ox can come true. It is not impossible. As for control of numbers it need not be by death - aping Nature's way of predation and starvation.

John Bryant cheers with his firm conviction that the days of the animal exploiter are coming to an end- partly because the wastefulness of the primary abuse - for food - is-being Widely recognised : as such. He is a declared vegan but 'woolly'about vegetarians and inaccurate in writing of " Man's vegetarian and vegan origins." Early Man may well have been a hunter but the practice of taking milk came much later. He is rightly cheered by the growing Animal Rights Movement but wrong in not recognising that descent into violence, while understandable as a response to the fiendish violence of the exploiters, is bound to be self-defeating. Violence is the easy way out for those who lose their nerve but it can only undermine the courageous work of those who rescue animals and risk their liberty in order to reveal hidden horrors. It is in work that those who bear the burden of the world's pain find relief,and reading John Bryant's book will strengthen their commitment. „ _ iv. J. (Published by the author & obtainable from the Vegan Society - £1.25 & 30p p&p 16

COOKING WITH A C H I N E S E

\HO\t

The Wok is a cooking pan widely used in the Far East. The shape of the Wok allows it to heat evenly along its walls, so that the food cooks quickly and evenly. Only a small amount of oil is necessary, and as the food cooks you slide it along the walls of the pan. Excess oil drains to the centre of the pan and therefore your fat intake is reduced. Vegetables retain their crispness, flavour and vitamin content rather more than with the majority of cooking methods.

Like most good cooking pans, woks tend to be expensive. However, you can obtain a relatively cheap wok from certain mail order companies. In view of the health benefits and time saved when using a wok, the moneyyou pay for it may be considered well spent.

A large variety of vegetables can be cooked together in a wok, bpt the ones you select should have roughly the same water content - you don't want some vegetables crunchy and the rest limp. Wash, slice or chop the vegetables and have them ready before you begin cooking. Heat a thin film of oil in the wok, drop in the vegetables and stir-fry them for no longer than three minutes.

Add a tablespoon of soy sauce (s squeeze of lemon juice or a dash of wine may also be added) and cook for another minute. The Chinese would also add mixed spices. Their five-spice powder is made from orange peel, ginger clove, cassia, aniseed and fennel.

Suitable vegetables to cook Chinese-fashion include carrots (thinly sliced diagonally), onions, spring onions, leeks, cabbage heart, celery,red or green peppers, endive, mushrooms, fennel, celeriac, mung bean sprouts green beans (parboiled) and fresh ginger.

To prepare a complete meal, add pre-cooked beans to the vegetables and serve with brown rice or buckwheat'spaghetti. (Speed tip: black-eyed beans can be cooked in as little as 30-40 minutes, even without pre-soaldng.)

Alternatively, tofu or moistured soya flakes may be used. Garnish with chopped watercress.

Eileen Lloyd VEGAN CAMP from 31st July to 8th August at Newpark Camping & Caravan Park, Port Eynon, Gower, Wales. (Gower 292 or 478) Bus 18 from Swansea. This is a.luxury site costing ÂŁ4.00 a day plus VAT. There is a much cheaper site at Rhosili near Bus 18 terminus but without toilet or washing facilities. Port Rynon has a Youth Hostel. Wear your vegan T-shirt for identification. Write now to camp organiser John Strettle,c/o The Lodge, Dudley Lane, Dudley, Cramlington, Northumbria. Excellent beaches, walking, history, vegan catering in nearby Swansea. Dates coincide with Eisteddford in Swansea.

17

REi SOYA MACARONI WITH TOMATOES 1 heaped tsp. Tastex 4 oz wholemeal macaroni 2 tbs oil 3 oz soya flour l | pints water 2 oz barley flour | tsp sea salt.

I tsp basil Boil macaroni in 1 pint water and sea salt until tender. Blend barley flour, soya flour, Tastex and basil with rest of the water. Add to macaroni and bring to boil. Put alternative layers of the mixture and tomatoes in a greased pie dish. Top with tomatoes drenched with oil. Bake 40 minutes at 375 F or Gas mark 4 with lid on for first 30 minutes.

Mabel Cluer.

TOMATO NUT SAVOURY 1 tsp marjoram 4. Shredded Wheat biscuits 1 tsp Tastex or Barmene 2 oz milled cashew nuts Pinch of salt (optional) 2 oz milled hazels Tomato juice - about J cupful 1 teacupful grated carrot Crush Shredded Wheat, combine with nuts and then grated carrot. Dissolve Tastex and marjoram in \ teacupful tomato juice. Combine all ingredients , adding more tomato juice as necessary to bind. Form into balls aDd roll in crushed Shredded Wheat or grated nuts. Serve cold with salad, or cook , fry or bake and serve with hot vegetables.

Mabel Cluer.

CARROT CAKE 4tbs oil Grated rind & juice of orange 3oz Barbados sugar 8oz 100% or 85% S. R. flour 1 level tsp. baking powder 8oz grated carrots 2 level tsp. mixed spices 8oz chopped walnuts 4 level tabs, marmalade Mix all very well together. Put in oiled cake tin about 6 | inc. middle shelf.

Gas Mark 4, or 350 F or 180 C, for between an hour to an hour and 20 minutes.

Leave cake in tin until it cools before turning out. Keeps over a fortnight.

Optional Topping for this cake Melt loz Tomor Add:loz chopped walnuts level teasp. mixed spices 2 level tabs, soft brown sugar 2 level tabs, plain flour S i r well together, and sprinkle on top of cake before putting in oven.

Zena Kendall.

18

PES CRUNCHY COCONUT BARS 3 ozs soft brown sugar 3 ozs dessicated coconut 2 ozs rolled oats

1 oz barley flakes I oz bran flakes I level tabs, syrup 4 oz Tomor Put sugar, coconut, oats and flakes in bowl. Melt Tomor and syrup in saucepan mix well with mixture. Spread in oiled swiss roll tin. Centre oven, 20 to 25 minutes. 170 C. Cut in 16. Lea.ce till cold.

Zena Kendall FLAPJACKS 9 oz; jumbo oats 1 desertspoon golden syrup 1 teaspoon ground ginger 6 oz, Tomor margarine 6 oz- molasses or brown sugar Mix sugar and oats. Melt margarine and syrup. Add the rest. Bake 40 mins at 170 C. Cut into squares while warm. Remove from tin before cold.

Stella Rex. COCONUT SLICES Casing :Filling :12 oz. wholemeal flour 12 oz stoned dates 2 oz. rice flour 3 Tbs sunflower oil 2 oz. fine oatmeal 2 oz coconut flour or shredded 7 oz. by weight- of sunflower oil coconut | tsp salt 1 tsp. vanilla essence 2/3 level tsp bi-carbonate of soda hot water 1-1/3 level tsp. Cream of Tartar First prepare filling: Wash and cut up dates. Barely cover with water,add oil and simmer to thick puree, stirring all the time. Remove from heat add vanilla and coconut and leave to cool.

Mix dry ingredients of casing. Add just a little cold water to the oil and stir quickly into flour etc. Add any additional water necessary to bind. (Rice flour absorbs a lot of water but must not be made too wet) Roll out between thick sheets of polythene to rectangle about 1/8 in. thick. Spread date mixture to about £ in. thick over half the casing. Fold over the other half. Cut into shapes about if by 3 in. and bake 15-20 min. at 400°F or Gas 5 or 6.

Mabel Cluer. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * DEMONSTRATING COOKERY - Mabel Cluer has just published a very useful booklet on this subject. All aspiring demonstrators should have one -55p from the Vegan Society.

19

0

BEVERAGES

The average Briton's addiction to milk is wedded to his or her consumption of tea or coffee. A personal impression of how the national slavery to these commodities is taken to ridiculous extremes is the advice given by one of our most highly-respected and experienced backpackers that tea or coffee are a "basic food" to be carried in the rucksack. As an example of how the nutritional priorities of probably the majority in this country have been distorted, the other "basic foods" listed were bread, butter, 4 eggs in container, 3 packet soups, cheese, salt, sugar, and fruit-cake.' The text of the backpacking guide which contained this described several strenuous back packing tours which betrayed a dependence on fresh milk supplies and replacement Gaz cartridges for the camping stove which was demanded for an expedition where a light, compact, burden was obviously required!

Tea and coffee provide classic examples of man's misuse of the world's resources. With the exception of oil, coffee is the largest commodity traded on earth and more than ÂŁ1000 million of it is shipped around the world every year. Our history has made tea from the other side of the globe our national drinjcl Drunk first as a novelty and a status-symbol, tea and coffee have become national addictions, akin to sugar and tobacco. "The social factor" and slick salesmanship seem to be responsible, for most people have an initial aversion to these tastes and dietitians confirm that they are not good for health. Tea and coffee addictions are consequences of that period in British history when we mis-used some of our great power to sow the seeds of many of today's grave problems, including racial discrimination, industrial pollution, the increasingly dangerous use of military force to achieve our ends and the exploitation of "hungry-lands" to satisfy our desire for non-essential "cash-crops" which can damage the consumer's health.

Tea and coffee are such "cash-crops". They provide little cash for the labour forces involved, however. Five-year old Brazilian children may have picked the beans used to fill the coffee jars in your local shops. Cheap tea for the British working-class in the local Co-op. is there because Sri Lankan tea estate woikers are paid so little that malnutrition is rife amongst them. Such crimes are compounded by the fact that tea and coffee are "non-foods" which are cultivated on valuable agricultural land which is desperately needed in the growing countries to grow "real food" for the local population. Attempts at a fairer distribution of wealth, such as 'campaign coffee' while steps in the right direction, are not grappling with the essential problem that valuable foodgrowing land is being wasted on a product which damages the consumer and involves large-scale international trade which wastes finite fuels and causes pollution.

20

Alternative drinks can easily be made with natural resources available in this country. On the principle that "medicine should be food and food should be medicine", most are made from herbs which have medicinal properties that make them highly acceptable for reasons of health as well as palatability.

Leaf or flower teas are very economic because they are often made from herb tea-bags and don't require the addition of a milk or sweetener. Convenient herb tea-bags are easily obtainable in most Wholefood shops, but if you prefer to make your own, the herb should be picked early on the morning on a warm day, in Order to be dried for making tea. They should be wellcleansed, though some say the flavour is spoiled by washing. A wire-mesh tray set in a warmjwell-aired plaae is ideal for drying them. The flowers or leaves can then be infused by placing them In a clean, wide-mouthed jug and pouring boiling water over them. After a gentle stir, they should be left to stand for a few minutes before straining. Experiment to find how to satisfy your individual taste, being guided by one of the growing-number of little books about herb-teas which are now on the market and often available in wholefood shops. One personal taste is for nine borage leaves added to a pint and a half of boiling water anl left to.infuse overnight.

Coffee substitutes are more complicated, as the main ingredient has to be roasted or ground in some manner. The Turks have had to do this with chickpeas since 1979 when their national drink of Brazilian coffee could no longer afford to be imported by this impoverished nation. Jars of coffee substitutes are also easily obtainable in wholefood shops, but a popular home-made version is made from dandelion roots, which are best gathered In September. Having cleaned and dried the young roots, roast them in a moderate oven, cool, store and grind them when required. Boiling water should be poured over the grounds, the mixture stirred well and left to steep for ten minutes before straining. As well as being cheap, dandelion coffee is free from the stimulative caffein.

Water is by far the best drink. It seems odd that the most intelligent (?) species on this earth has devised so many ways of tampering with what nature so abundantly provides. In some countries water is regarded as a precious asset, not to be wasted. Why attempt to improve upon it?

FOREST CIVILISATION "We visualize valley settlements as the cradle of sound culture. It will be a whole life, balanced in every respect, in which well being-is the outcome of work well done without thought of personal gain; each and all working together for the good of the whole. The accomplishment of this purpose will assure not only the perpetuation of the forests through intelligent use, and the preservation of real wealth in growing trees and forests, but the regeneration of the very spirit Of man. " Richard a Barbe Baker, "Green Glory", 1948 21

qws

zoon mws

m

AVON: Margaret WooIford^( is as. busy as usual on our behalf. A special effort World Week (17th - 24th October), promoted by the Churches Committee of the World Development Movejnept. Local Vegan Contacts in other areas should note that the W. D. M. 's address is Bedford Chambers, Covent Garden, London, W. C. 2.

Ask them if there is a One World Week event planned for your area at which you could spread the vegan message, emphasising the need to grow direct foods and drawing attention to the work of Vegfam.

BERKSHIRE! Regular meetings at Lis and Colin Howletts, , Reading; - Newsl,ett,er in return for S. A. E. List of Vegan h odation 25p+S. A. E. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE: Mary, Nigel and Tristan Kennett look fo local members supporting local group meetings at their home, Iver, SLO 9RN, at 3.00 pm on Sunday, 27th June and Sunday, 2 DERBYSHIRE: Vegans from Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire and Greater Manchester converged to help man the stand and bringedible goodies for sampling at the 2nd Festival of Natural Living at FJelden Park, Manchester on April 24th and 25th.

A great deal of interest was generated and some sixty people attended the talk on "cooking the Vegan way" on the Saturday. Such was the demand for leaflets and books that 4 o'clock Sunday morning saw me travelling down to Minllyn for more! It was as well I did, as there were even more people at the demonstration that afternoon, and more than ÂŁ50 of literature was sold over the weekend and two new members enrolled.

The next festival on our agenda is Glossop's "In The Park" celebration on July 3rd and 4th. We would be very glad to hear from any V l ssop group on this occasion. up is being formed in Do A. E. for details of its first meetings to Karen Bosomworth, Balby, Doncaster, S. Yorkshire, DN4 8PZ. ESSEX: A new mid-Essex local vegan group is being formed. Please contact Miss H.VESTER-HODGSON, c/o MID-ESSEX ANIMAL AID, P. O. Box No. 292, CHELMSFORD, CM2 9UT. HAMPSHIR een to start a Mid-Hants group: Mrs , Winchester, S023 8PS. LONDON: The Vegan Society monthly meetings at the Nature Cure Clinic of the Friends Meeting House have been ceased for the Summer period, but some members have expressed the wish that a similar programme of discussion meetings or 22

Summer events could be arranged for the coming months. Any vegans (or non-vegans) who may be interested in attending or assisting in such meetings are invited to communicate by telephone or stamped addressed envelope to one

SOME April and contains details of future meetings, including a talk on "Animal Rights" by John Bryant, author of "Fettered Kingdoms", on Thursday, 29th July, at 8. 00 pm, in the Friends Meeting House, Taunton. Holiday visitors are welcome to attend while if you live in the "Zider County" and still haven't contacted this most active vegan aSUSSEX: Get-to-gether for vegans and sympathisers Sun. 12th September at Penn's House, Horsham Road, Steyning, Sussex.. Ancient Quaker Meeting House and garden, home of Richard and Sheila Battson, from 10 am to 2 pm followed by a short guided ramble. Children welcome. Simple accommodation available Saturday night. For more details phone Steyning 812483.

WEST MIDLANDS: Sandra and John Ellis, of Pavis Cottage, Packwood Road, Lapworth, Warwicks, B94 6AS, are our new Local Vegan Contacts (having moved from Pembroke). Please send a s. a. e. for details of their first West Midlands Local Vegan Group meeting.

WORCESTERSHIRE: We have a keen ne st ll vegans and sympathisers.

Regular informal discussions are planned, as well as guest speakers. One of the local group's prime objectives would be to hold social functions, perhaps competition evenings, skittles, trips to places like the Centre for Alternative Technology, have a garden party or a folk/jazz night out at a local venue. Alan hopes to produce a regular local group newsletter, as well as to have displays in local schools and factories, hold discussions and suggest vegan recipes for school cookery classes.

RELIABLE LOCAL PEOPLE are still needed in a number of areas to be local contacts or form local groups. Free leaflets, literature at-ÂŁene'rous discount and a special quarterly newsletter, The Vegan Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW

23

VIVISECTION We publish two more letters against vivsection, and, since none showed understanding of the dilemma of the mother, we publish a paragraph from "Fettered Lives" by John Bryant, see page 16.

THE WEAKER THE VICTIM, THE GREATER THE CRIME In the Spring number of the "Vegan" you publish a letter which suggests that a clear distinction should be made between vivisection for commercial purposes on the one hand and medical research on the other. It seems to me that if we accept such a suggestion it comes to this - that if your object is merely to test commercial products, cosmetics etc.then you should respect the laws of humanity and refrain from causing suffering to animals: but If you are seeking to alleviate human suffering you may torture and mutilate these helpless creatures without mercy or remorse - that is to say, the greater the benefit you hope to derive from your cruelty the more excusable (even commendable) it becomes. Surely such a proposition is quite unacceptable to those who have any respect for moral values.

There is a saying - "The weaker the victim the greater the crime"- and to seek cureB for our own ills through the pain and misery of our fellow creatures. (our "earth-born companions") is a crime of the first magnitude - utterly despicable - degrading and disgraceful to the human race. Those who can so shamefully abuse living creatures must be lacking the higher qualities of the mind and could be fairly classed as morally and spiritually defective. The medical profession needs people of higher character and greater enlightenment - men and women who regard all life with reverence and sympathy.

Higher thinking might then, in due course, lead to healthier living.

Charles Pounds.

ATROCITIES An atrocity is still an atrocity regardless of the end result. If the human race cannot survive without vivisection then it doesn't deserve to.

Harry Bonnie.

DILEMMA I once asked a thinking friend for his opinion on the use of animals for research.

He replied: "I would agree to the use of any animal if I thought it might save the life of my daughter." I then asked him if he would agree to the suffering and death of say, 50,000 monkeys if there was a chance it might save his daughter's life. He replied, "Yes." I told him that I could not accept that this was right and he quickly retorted: "I am not saying that it would be right - I am saying that I would agree to it." This supremely unhypocritical answer Illustrates the dilemma in which Man finds himself.

From 'Fettered Kingdoms', see page 16.

24

COMMUNITY IN CENTRAL AMERICA We. have an 80 acre Tropical Fruit Farm on the Macal River in the mountains of western Belize, Central America. The setting is beautiful, lots of trees, pure air and water. Plenty of sunshine and no insect problems. Everything grows here year round in this rich sandy loam soil. The rainfall is about 60" per year; elevation about 1000 ft allows cool nights for sleeping and pleasant days without the high humidity and temperature that one expects in the tropics. The government here is very stable, newly independent from England and a member of the Commonwealth. The official language being English although Spanish is widely spoken. The longer we live here the more we like it, living the simple life, close to nature, finally being able to live what we believe without having to compromise principles. It's the outdoor life - the good life! Representing the epitome of true vegan living • We have . electricity but plan to develope alternative sources of energy such as solar panels and wind power. Our location is about 7 miles south of San Ignacio pop. 5,000.

We would like to hear from other vegans and vegetarians who are interested in this type of life. The community here is just getting started (Three members so far) and we welcome new ones.

With a group of;us working together co-operating, we can accomplish great things. There is a. central house and individual family dwellings. This Is not a "commune", but an organized farming co-operative community, based on natural living andteverence.for life. We are not trying to sacrifice our selvesi by "Roughing It" in the jungle. Our aim is to be comfortable, but practical'without the distractions of modern civilization. We do hold the principles of "small is beautiful" and appreciate appropriate technology that is planned correctly and approved by the community members.

We know that many vegans/vegetarians are seeking this type of alternative so please write and send all mail by air and enclose a pound to help with our Dostal exnense.

Dennis & Family, Dennis James, San Ignacio, .Cayo District, Belize, Central America.

BECOMING A VEGAN It wasn't until a year ago that I gave up meat for good, when over a meal with my boyfriend we made the joint decision to become vegetarians. It gave us the support we both needed, and after six months we became vegans.

I'd been well aware of the immoral aspects of meat-eating for many years, as my father was vegetarian and we received regular copies of "Vegetarian" and "Vegan" magazines. I was also aesthetically revolted to see meat carcasses on display at the market. For a time, however, I ate meat because it was presented at family meal times.

25

When I left home to go to university I experimented with vegetarian cookery and "health foods". I then became vegetarian for a whole summer, but my social life was more important to me at the time and I found myself returning to eating what everybody else did. The only difference was that my conscience wouldn't allow me to ignore the fact that I was eating a piece of a dead animal.

That's why I was so glad to have John's support to eat only what I knew to be humanely produced. It was a great load off my mind.

John, who's now my fiance, does a lot of sport and had already been a vegetarian for health reasons for several years. We met in Germany where he'd been indulging in the local "culture" to the point of joining in a "Schlachtschusselfest" a feast upon freshly slaughtered pigs. But once he had my support he regretted this wholeheartedly.' He taught me the health advantages of a well-planned vegetarian diet, as it is low in saturated fats and protein (a vegetarian who is pretty sedentary is probably healthier than a meat-eating athlete). This encouraged me to take up jogging, and I lost all my excess weight and became slim for the first time ever, without having to "diet".

Not surprisingly, people began to remark on what a good influence John and I had had on one another's general outlook and appearance, and friends would turn up at meal times to sample our creative (well, unusual at least!) cooking.

One friend. Mike, has also become a strict vegetarian.

Becoming vegan was the final step and has helped me to change my attitudes not only to food, but to society. I no longer feel that what I eat is different and somehow antisocial, but then I'm living up to a perfectly natural logical and humane ideal. What is abnormal appears to me to be the organised torture of millions of animals to provide food and other products like soaps and perfumes, which are available from plant sources. And no, I do not accuse the average meat eater of knowingly perpetuating such cruelty: I

merely hope that as vegans we can set an example to people who do not want to change, who like to buy what they have seen on a catchy advertisement, what is convenient and looks or tastes good, without realising where it comes from, what it will do to their bodies and indeed to the ecology of the earth.

Now that I have the new attitude to society which I have put foward I am regaining my confidence in myself and in human nature, Everybody has the right to live accordingly to their own beliefs or conscience (though not according to prejudice) and I hope that more people will find out about the vegan way of life through your magazine and our individual efforts, so that one day our way of life will really be "normal".

Elizabeth Naylor VEGAN VS FAMILY When I go visiting my family its an ordeal. None of my family are vegans.

Recently while visiting my parents, brothers and sisters in law I had an awful time. My brother who has a degree in chemistry told me that he has done the 26

LID 50 test.' He says he likes animals! My sister in law told me "that I was being brainwashed by the animal welfare- group I belong to and that I Bhould get another hobby!" She wears a rabbit fur coat! She says she likes animals!

How do other vegans cope with unsympathetic relations? After 6 years of being a vegan I still find it hard not to feel angry and hurt by other people's attitudes.

Linda Torre.

ANGINA; from member prescribed drugs and given no'hfipe of cure.

Fortunately for me I met someone who introduced me to a diet entirely free of animal fats and in addition involved a complete switch from cow produce of any kind. In my case this dietary change, which meant the complete omission of; meat, achieved remarkable results. After a few weeks I no longer experienced any chest or arm pain, I resumed my usual daily exercises and I stopped taking any tablets. My consultant said it was miraculous but disappointingly shewed no interest when I suggested that perhaps others with similar problems might equally benefit from a change in diet - after all what had they to lose from trying?

Dav

,

THE ANIMAL'S" FILM The Animals Film is a documentary film that I strongly urge fellow vegans to see and those in turn should encourage and badger their 'meat' and dairyproduce eating friends to see it.

The success of the film is not based upon bombarding the viewer with oversentimentality and emotional shock. it presents the facts; the facts of animal abuse which hopefully should convert meat-eaters to vegetarianism and vegetarians to veganism.

The film exposes a wide range of animal exploitation, revealing atrocities occuring in a supposedly humane society. It attacks both the complacency and ignorance of xnan.

It Includes an interview with Peter Singer , author of Animal Liberation.

It is narrated by Julia Christie - a long-time vegsetarian and has music by Robert Wyatt.

It is the first film of its kind to be going on general release and national television. It should therefore be given every possible coverage and support by vegans and other animal welfare societies. Detail obtainable from: Slick Pictures, 331 Goswell Road, London Anna Kroeber

27

SHOPPING WITH EVA VEGAN FOOD NEWS (Items in capitals below are vegan) Allied Bakeries are now using only VEGETABLE FATS in all breads and for greasing tins.

David Campbell & Sons ROUGH MEAL OATCAKES Country Basket HAZELNUT BISCUITS Heinz SLIM WAY VEGETABLE SOUP Boots SHAPERS LOW CALORIE VEGETABLE SOUP Jordans Although vegan in other respects this Company's Original Crunchy Cereal contains honey - see my contribution on page Marigold Foods NECTINA ALMOND MILK. This Company will shortly be producing a sugar-free ALMOND MILK which we know will be welcomed by many members as well as diabetics.

Marks & Spencers Breads: VITBE. ALLINSON. COUNTRY BRAN. HOVIS. GRANARY. CRACKED WHEAT. SANDWICH LOAF. MALTED GRANARY. Buns: SPICED FRUIT. TEA CAKES. RAISIN & BRAN. TEA LOAF. HOT CROSS BUNS. MIXED FRUIT AND NUT LOAF. Tins are not greased with animal fat.

CRUMPETS. MUFFINS. RAISIN & BRAN MUFFINS. POTATO CAKES. SQUARE LOAF. POTATO FARLS. SCOTTISH ROLLS.

Biscuits: GINGER SNAPS. MATZOS. BUTTER PUFFS. WHEAT CRACKERS. BRAN SUNNY WHEAT CRACKERS.

This is the present position but the Company can give no assurance that ingredients will not be changed. Always read the ingredients list.

Plamll Foods CAROB FRUIT & NUT BARS are now in the shops. They are very sustaining containing as they do raw sugar, apple, molasses, carob flour, peanuts, peel, currants, vegetable fat and soya.

Rowntree Mackintosh We have now received long lists of confectionary most helpfully marked. Having deleted those items containing milk, egg, honey, cochineal or beeswax we are left with : AFTER EIGHT MINTS, Fox's GLACIER MINTS & FRUITS, FRUIT GUMS (in tubes, those in cartons still contain cochineal - strange !) POLO FRUITS (not mints). In the Black Magic assortment HAZEL CLUSTERS & CHOCOLATE BRAZILS only. In the Week-end assortment : FRUIT JELLIES only.

Wander DRINKING CHOCOLATE. 28

The February issue of "WHICH", while it gives helpful information on the main contents of several popular margarines, omits any mention of emulsi fiers - which invariably contain at least one ingredient of animal origin. However, it could be of interest to lacto-vegetarian friends to know that , as well as vegetable oils, the following margarines contain 'hardened fish oil': Co-op Red Seal, Echo, Kraft & Kraft Superfine, Stork & Stork S B , Tesco Margarine while Krona Margarine is ' mainly beef fat' According to The Guardian, pressure from Jewish and Muslim communities is likely to be responsible for a reduction in the use of animal fats in foods in the future. The Aberdeen University Muslim Students Assn., they tell us, already produces a booklet listing foods under the headings 'Haraam' (containing an animal ingredient or alcohol) and 'Halaal' (free of such ingredients) for the guidance of their communities in this country. The lists could be useful for those who wish to avoid animal fats for health or other reasons. We have to remind readers that kosher products can contain milk and even milkless Jewish foods (pareve) may contain egg. There is no equivalent to vegan foods in any of these lists.

TOILETRIES Les Parfums Chandore CHANDORE PERFUME AND TOILET WATER. Chese brough - Ponds The latest ' No Animal Materials Whatever list includes VASELINE HAIR TONIC. HAIR CREAM. PETROLEUM JELLY. VASELINE GENTLE HAIR SHAMPOOS - BEAUTY, LEMON, and MEDICATED. Pond's DREAMELOWER TALC and COLD CREAM. Cutex CUTICLE REMOVER and CREME Nail Polish.

Faith Products ORANGE SOAP and BODY OIL. 1

FOOTWEAR

Scholl I have been told by sales assistants that " Yes, the LEATHERLOOK SANDALS are real leather" , but the manufacturer assures us this range is entirely man-made.

P H O.T O G RA P H Y Like me, many of you are concerned that animal gelatine is involved in photographic film, so I am now - cautiously - happy to hear that the Polaroid Instant type cameras, which take ZX70 film, do not require gelatine I do not yet have confirmation from the industry on this, perhaps some of our keen readers will be looking into the matter. Please let me have any replies you may receive from manufacturers.

Eva Batt 29

THE HONEY

QUESTION

Like so many of you I have heard and read about the cruel exploitation of honey bees mostly, it seemed, in other countries, but getting proof has not been easy. However, my decisions have always been based on ' if in doubt, leave it out ' so I would not accept honey as a food for humans - for me anyway.

Now I have proof, through a film on the TV screen recently. This showed a queen bee being pushed, head first into the neck of a bottle which held her fast so tfaat she could be artificially inseminated. The method of squeezing another bee to get the fertilising matter for this operation was also shown. E made me feel sick though I don't think I am over squeamish.

The 'operator'was a Buckfast Abbey Monk and the interviewer was congratulating him on his clever dexterity. In short, a disgusting exhibition of the methods used - here and now I - to exploit honey bees to the extreme, and for what ? To be able to claim Buckfast Abbey honey to be the best in the world.

I should explain that I have no objection to anyone keeping bees, they are magnificent, industrious creatures, and we can all enjoy the fruits of their labour in the resulting crops and give thanks to those that care for them. What owners do with any really surplus honey is of no concern to me or, presumably, the bees. But to any of my readers who buy commercial honey I must say, please make sure it has not been produced by the bees unfortunate enough to be ' cared for ' by the monks of Buckfast Abbey - or any others who may be adopting such barbaric methods of making money.

Eva Batt. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

A leaflet on The Honey Question is obtainable from the Vegan Society, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey. SAE please.

AT LAST

TOTALLY SYNTHETIC "CB" WALKING BOOT Light weight yet robust, non-rot, maintenance free materials. New Klets tread .

Cushion insole for extra comfort.

Send ÂŁ24. 95 plus ÂŁ1. 50 p&p and we will rush you a pair. If not entirely satisfied, return unused within 14 days and we will refund money. Access or Barclay card accepted.

FULL SIZES 4-12 ONLY. WESTSPORTS 17 Fleet St. Swindon Wilts. Tel. 0793 32588 30

Please send to the Assistant Secretary, 9 Mawddwy Terrace, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Nr. Machynlleth, SY20 9LW Wales, by August 1st, 1982, for the next issue. Advertisers are asked to note that we are unable to deal with box numbers. Rate: 5p a word.

PLEASE NOTE, the following advertisements have been accepted in good faith and the Vegan Society cannot take responsibility in the event of any complaint.

THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY isn't just an award-winning tourist attraction. We sell books through the post too.

Please ask for our mail order booklist (25p+s. a. e.), details of our courses, and a leaflet for tourists to visit us. We have our own wholefood shop and restaurant in Machynlleth. Write now to: N. C. A. T., Llwyngwern Quarry, Machynlleth, Powys, Wales.

VEGFAM feeds the hungry via plant-based foodstuffs, leaf protein, seeds, irrigation etc. The Sanctuary, Lydford, Okehampton, Devon. Tel. Lydford 203.

AHIMSA - quarterly magazine for the American Vegan Society. Veganism Natural Living - Reverence for Life. Calendar year subscription §f8 or £4.

Address: 501 Old Harding Highway, Malaga, N. J. 08328.

THE DRAGON PROJECT is breathing fire! Read all about it in THE LEY HUNTER, the leading international magazine of ley-lines and other Earth Mysteries. Send £3.75 subscription to the Ley Hunter, P. O. Box 13, Welshpool, Powys, Wales.

RAW FOOD. Send S. A. E. to Vigilex, 18a Bar Street, Scarborough, Yoll 2HT, for free leaflet describing its great value.

SEND TODAY - and tomorrow thou sh ree S. A. E. to MEDITATION Western Buddhist Magazine presents a new and practical form of Buddhism for westerners. Write Western Buddhists (Dept. C) 3o Hollingbourne Gardens , Ealing, London WX3 9EN 31

PREMIER ANIMAL WELFARE DIRECTORY. Details and descriptions of 84 societies and groups, from local to intern es. £1.00, includes p&p. From Mrs E. Clifton, N. Yorks, BD23 1NX. WANTED - mystically inclined vegan vocalist. T. Rex/Banshees/Patti Smith type musi Romane, Hornchurch 43840: Write , Essex.

NASH IRA BA SHIR, ASTROLOGER, can help you understand the Karmic influences in your life through a study of . S. a. e. please for more details to: 2 St Mary's Road, , NR27 9DJ. ANGLING - please.help us to end this most cruel of all blood sports. Write Dept A, CPCA, P.O. Box 14, Romsey, S05 9NN. BOOKS BY VEGAN, ANTONY BATES: "The Second Coming" - how the author met the reincarnated "Jesus Christ", £2.50. "Who,Whither, Why?" an introduction to the Master's restored teaching, £1.50. "Children of Fire" - concerning a humane Britain, spiritually defended, leading the world out of the nuclear impasse, editions post free from 365 Sandycombe Road, , TW9 3PR. VEGETARIAN MATCHMAKERS. Discreet inexpensive postal introduction service, solely for vegetarians/vegans throughout the U.K. from 18 to 80 and all walks pf life. Dreams could become reality by requesting details from V. M. M. (Dept VQ), FREEPOST, Weybridge, Surrey, KT13 8BR (no stamp needed).

LIQUID CONCENTRATE exclusive to JANCO SALES is a biodegradable liquid soap derived from coconut oil, which is free from animal products and animal testing. LIQUID CONCENTRATE can be diluted to serve many purposes, pleasant in use as a bubble bath or hand wash, perfect for washing woollens and fine fabrics, ideal as a washing-up liquid or to cope with heavier cleaning tasks such as washing walls or floors. Full details by return on receipt of S. A. E. direct from JANCO SALES, 11 SEYMOUR ROAD, HAMPTON HILL, MIDDLESEX, TW12 1DD. BRISTOL VEGANS come closer to Nature by walking in the countryside along ancient footpaths. A BRISTOL COUNTRYWAY leads you from Slimbridge Wildfowl Trust to Weston-Super-Mare via Berkeley Castle, Doddington House, Bath, Stanton Drew Stone-Circles and Cheddar Gorge.

The main routes guide-book is available for £1.08 inc. postage from the Vegan Society Ltd, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW. TAO, free leaflet. S.a. e. to Bookshop, 18a Bar Street, Scarborough, YOU 2HT. 32

KILN FOR SALE. £70 o.n.o. Lower Shaw Farm, Shaw, Swindon, Wilts (tel. 0793 771080) OUTWARD LOOKING COMMUNITY in the New Forest requires volunteer cook (small remuneration). Vegan if possible but must be w meat and vegetarian meals. Please write to Eileen Davis, Minstead, LYNDHURST, Hants S04 7FT. FLAT SHARE, London N12. Own room in flat with one guy. Vegan or vegetarian. Car space. 01-455-9373.

LEARN TO RELIEVE STRESS NATURALLY! Why not come to our Introductory Weekend Seminar on Massage and Reflexology; November 19th/21st at Hardwick Hali, Buxton, Derbyshire. , Oply. £35 per person (includes all

meals and accommodation); Details (S, A. E.~ please) from The Aquarian Foundation, 145 Waterside, Peartree Bridge, Milton £eynes.

THE AQUARIAN FOUNDATION is looking for suitable premises, preferably with living accommodation, where we can offer treatments in Natural Health Therapies, and run educational courses. Please write to: THE AQUARIAN FOUNDATION, 145 Waterside, Peartree Bridge, Milton Keynes.

WANTED! People interested in forming a Natural Health Centre in the Milton Keynes (or within a 20 mile radius) area. Please write to: THE AQUARIAN FOUNDATION. 145 Waterside, Peartree Bridge, Milton Keynes.

NEED HELP with vegan gardening or small holding work? Contact "Vegan Volunteers" at the address below: The Vegan Self-Sufficiency Network embraces both independent and community ventures, rural living, gardening, crafts and skills, and the "Vegan Volunteer Send s. a. e. today to Alan and Elaine Garrett, Portsmouth, P03 6EJ.

"LONDON VEGAN NEWS" no 3, IS N 3 issues probably more - subscription) from Brecknock Road Estate, London N19 5AS N. B. Torgut and NOT London Vegan News.

"THE PRICE OF ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION" - Summary of evidence against vivisectio alth. 70p including p&p R. Hudson, , STAFFORD ST18 9PR 33

HOLIDAYS VEGAN CAMP From 31st July to 8th August at Newpark Camping and Carvan Park, Port Eynon, Gower, West Glamorgan, Tel. Gower 292or478 Further details on page 17. All ages welcome, alone or in families.

CALLANDER- Centre for Trossachs amid beautiful scenery. Wholefood vegetarian and vegan guest house. Elegant Victorian house in peaceful grounds with magnificent view. Organically home-grown produce. Home baking. H & C in d E. M. Stamp for brochure. Marilyn and Ian Roberts, , Perthshire.

S. W. SCOTLAND. Small self-catering accommodation in our quiet cottage for vegans and vegetarians only. Evening meals available by arrangement. walks Kildonnan , near 9EB. INVERNESS. Vegan/vegetarian accommodation In charming cottage on high road between Inverness and Nairn. Good tourist centre, .

NORTHUMBRIA. Vegan D. B. &B., quiet riverside village, beautiful walking country, convenie hildren welcome. No dogs, no smoking. S. a. e.

Blackhall Mill, Newcastle upon Tyne, .

SOMERSET. Vegan/vegetarian guest house. Open all year except October.

Interesting area. Sea, sand PENZANCE. B & B with optional evening meal available for vegans/vegetarians in cottage with large garden, sea and country views. Penzance two miles, tel. Penzance 2242.

CORNWALL. Self-catering luxury first floor flat for vegans/vegetarians overlooking Hayle Estuary. Sleeps 4/6. Vegan meal available. S. a. e. please to Blackaller, "Meadowlands", The Saltings, Lelant, St Ives, TR26 3DL. tel. Hayle 0736 752418.

FRENCH RIVIERA. Mobile homes, Lavandou area. Lovely location, superb beaches. Resident vegan owner. Car ferries/insurance a own clients and independent travellers.

BATTLE - holiday chalet - living room/kitchen and 1 bedroom, sleeps 4.

S. a. e. to Squirrel Farm, North Trade Road, Battle, Sussex.

34

BATTLE - is on the route of a SOUTH COAST WAY , the 81 mile walking route from Dover to Eastbourne. The Mainroutes guide-book costs ÂŁ1.08, inc. postage, from The Vegan Society, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW. BEXHILL-ON -SEA. Small private house offering vegetarian or vegan bed and breakfast., for ÂŁ5. .

DINAS MAWDDWY, GWYNEDD, has two campsites, a youth hostel and a range of hotels. Set in the Dovey Valley, 12 miles from Machynlleth, Dinas Mawddwy is an ideal mountain walking centre. The Cambrian Coast and steam trains are nearby. Vegans holidaying here or just passing through are invited to contact Laurence Main (telephone Dinas Mawddwy 255) for local advice.

CYCLING WEEKEND 25th - 27th June: New Skills Workshop (healing and therapy) 14th - 18th July: Art and Crafts Week 24th - 30th July: Looking at' Alternatives 9th - 15th August: "Stretching Out" (yoga, dance etc) 24th 30th August. S. A. E. to Lower Shaw Farm, Shaw, Swindon, Wilts (tel. 0793 771080).

VEGETARIAN/VEGAN accommodation. Charming guest house, delightfully situated at foot of Dublin mountains. Within 6 miles sea and mountains, lovely scenic walks, golf, etc. ; and 4 miles Dublin city (museums, theatres, art galleries, etc.). Bus few minu e cookROSY GLOW Vegetarian Restaurant, St Austell, caters for vegans tool Open 9 -6 Mondays to Saturdays plus evenings and Sundays by appointment. Musical evenings, classical and popular, and theatre events on Friday and Saturday evenings. Rosy Glow Vegetarian Restaurant, 6 - 1 0 East Hill, St Austell, Cornwall, PL25 4TP. HEREFORDSHIRE Equidistant Ross, Hereford, Monmouth 6 Black Mountains.

Small cottage, whole food vegan & vegetarian, homecooking. Home or locally grown vegetables. Twin bedded & double room. Personal transport essential.

Mrs Harcombe, Wenmai, Orcop, Hereford. Tel. Golden Valley, (0981)540 471

[BOOST Y Q U U HIEAIlTIHlB EASTBOURNE HEALTH HOTEL Sauna, solarium, etc. Vegan full or slimming menus 17 Burlington Place, Eastbourne, BN21 4AR Tel. (0323) 23604

'Once or twice a year we all need true relaxation to ease away stress'

VEGAN T -SHIRTS Superior white cotton, emblem as below.

Green on white. Small. Medium. Large. £3.50 each incl. p&p. L. Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy MACHYNLLETH SY20 9LW

VEGAN HOLIDAYS with Brian & Wendy Burnett on their 36 ft., 7-berth yacht "XIM"

\vT

No experience necessary. No age limits. Canal, coastal and offshore cruises. All catering vegan or vegetarian.

SPRING - French canals, Channel Islands and Brittany.

SUMMER- French and Belgian coasts, Dutch inland waterways (canals , rivers, meers ) Friesian Islands English South Coast, Devon and Cornwall.

AUTUMN - Plymouth to France, French Inland waterways ( Rivers Seine, Saone and Rhone plus canals ) via Paris Lyon and Avignon to the Mediterranean.

WINTER - France and Spain where the winter is better than the English summer.

PRICES £70 - £120 ( with extra discounts for small groups, children and longer bookings ) Full board & all necessary boat charges included.

Please send stamp for details to :- Brian & Wendy Burnett, c/o 51 Main Road, Kinnerton, Chester, CH4 9AJ or telephone )244 660 267

GREENWAY3 GUESTHOUSE 24 Marian Ave. Mablethorpe, Lines (Tel. 7508) Chris & Chris Phillips members of Vegan Society welcome vegans. Home baking, wholefoods, safe sandy beach.

Send S A E for brochure.

CORNWALL

TORQUAY

( Queen of the English Riviera )

WOODCOTE Vegetarian / Vegan Hotel

BROOKESBY HALL HOTEL

Hesketh Road. TQ1 2LN Tel. 0803 22194 350 yards from Meadfoot Beach, enjoying glorious sea views across Torbay, the hotel is situated in the exclusive Llncombe Conservation area, generally considered to be the loveliest part of Torquay. We offer restful holidays in beautiful surroundings coupled with imaginative and delicious Vegan and Vegetarian meals. Some rooms have private showers. Fully centrally heated. Full details from the Vegan Proprietress Mrs. Hilda Baker (stamp only please.)

WHY NOT BE OUR GUESTS ? and for once experience a truly relaxing holiday in the West Country ?

WOODCOTE stands in its own grounds overlooking the tidal estuary and bird sanctuary of Hayle, and is within easy reach of many fine beaches and coastal walks - the ideal centre from which to explore and discover the beauty of Cornwall I On a personal note, those with tired and jaded palates need not despair for, as attentive hosts we ensure that you are offered an Imaginative cuisine supported by a goodly measure of old fashioned personal service.

Also available, SELF - CATERING CHALET sleeps four.

Stamp appreciated for brochure - John & Pamela Barrett, The Saltings, Lelant, a . Ives, Cornwall.

TR 26 3DL Tel. 0736 753147

36

WELCOMES V E G A N S Lakeland's strictly Vegetarian Guest House offers a warm and hospitable welcome to Vegans. Come to us to relax, to walk and climb, to absorb the tranquility of Orchard House and the Lake District. We have a peaceful garden, a warm and comfortable home, delicious and different food and we are situated in superb Lake District country. We ask Vegans to give us a week's notice if possible.

Brochure from

Monty Alge and Keong Wee, Orchard House, Borrowdale Road, Keswick on Derwentwater, Cumbria Tel.(0596) 72830

(Stamp appreciated)

MILK THAT'S NEVER " EVER SEEN A COW!

It's 100% vegetable ... made from the soya bean and packed with protein and goodness. Its production involves no exploitation of animals. The flavour is quite delicious—all the family, particularly the children will love it. You can drink it on its own as a super health drink or use it on breakfast cereals, in coffee or tea or in dishes such as milk puddings and custards. What's more it will keep in tne can j.ust as long as you want to keep it. A wonderfully versatile and nutritious food . . . Golden Archer Beanmilk by Itona. It's at your health food store.

•1

'Golden Archer*

BEANMILK The

Milk That's

100%

Non-Animal

CRANKS

H6ALTVI

FOODS

William Blake House. Marshall Street. London

CRANKS CRANKS CRANKS CRANKS CRANKS

W1

at Heal's, 196 Tottenham Court Road, W.1 at Shinners Bridge, Dartington, Devon at Peter Robinson, Oxford Circus, W.1 at The Market, Covent Garden, W.C.2 at 35 High Street, Totnes, Devon

PLAMIL SOYA PLANTMILK

-

not instead of breast-milk, but on weaning and through the rest of life provides important nutrients including B12, CALCIUM & PROTEIN. High in polyunsaturates.

All Plamil products are guaranteed exclusively vegan.

List and recipes (SAE please) from Plamil Foods Ltd. Plamil House, Bowles Well Gardens, Folkestone.