T H E VEGAN SOCIETY Founded November,
1944
Veganism is the practice of living on the products of the plant kingdom— to the exclusion of ali animal foods—proceeding from a wide consideration of man's true place in nature. T h e objects of the Vegan Society are to provide in thought and practice f o r the advance of veganism, and to relate veganism to every aspect of creative co-operation between man and nature.
President: Mrs. E. B. SHRIGLEY, Vice-President: Mr. JACK SANDERSON, Essex. Honorary Secretary: Mrs. JEANNETTE ARNALDI, London, N.W.8. Honorary Treasurer: Miss WINIFRED SIMMONS, N.W.I 1.
, Purley, Surrey. , Upminster, , ,
Committee: M i s s MARIA ARNALDI, M i s s BARBARA, M r s . E . V . BATT, SERENA COLES, M r s . M U R I E L DRAKE, M i s s CHRISTINA HARVEV. M A B E L SIMMONS, M r s . DOROTHY THOMSON.
Correspondence Bureau Coordinator: Miss Edna Towell, Park, West Moors, Wimborne, Dorset. Commodities Investigator: Mrs. E. V. Batt, Middlesex.
Mrs. Miss
Enfield,
Minimum subscription, which includes " T h e Vegan," 10s. Od. per annum, payable in January. Life Membership, £8 8s. Od.
THE VEGAN
v,
JOURNAL O F T H E VEGAN SOCIETY Editor: Mr. JACK SANDERSON, Upminster, Essex. Advertisements: H. H. GREAVES LTD., 106/110 Lordship Lane, London, S.E.22. Published quarterly: Annual subscription, 5 / - post free: single copies, Is. 3d. post free. Obtainable from the Hon. Secretary.
LITERATURE " Declaration and Rules of the Vegan Society." 2 page leaflet. Free. " T h e Reasons for Veganism." 4 page leaflet. Free. " V e g a n Protein Nutrition." 12 page leaflet. 1/-. " A Handbook of Practical Veganism." 24 pages with cover. Obtainable from the Hon. Secretary. Postage extra. 2/6d.
THE V E G A N Journal Vol. XII
of the Vegan Society Winter, 1960
No. 2
EDITORIAL As we approach the Season of Birth and Re-birth, it is good to remember that during 1960 we lost, our claim to be the only Vegan Society in the Western Hemisphere, for the American Vegan Society was incorporated at Malaga, New Jersey, on February 8th, 1960. The certificate of incorporation is most interesting and sets forth the main purposes of the Society as follows : (a) To advocate in general the principles of veganism, set forth on the broad interpretation of the Sanskrit term, " ahinsa," described as : — Abstinence from all animal products ; Harmlessness, as a way of life ; Innocence, of thought, word and deed ; Nature, the practice of harmony therewith ; Service to mankind, and all of creation ; Advancement of knowledge and truth. (b) To investigate and teach the basic relationship between man and nature, including natural means of preventative maintenance of the human body, pertaining to our food, drink, fresh air, etc. (c) To advocate the natural production of pure foods for human consumption. (d) To train writers, lecturers, and teachers ; to encourage group discussions and meetings at various centres of learning ; and to establish such centres in order to advance the cause of veganism. The Founder and President, Mr. H. Jay Dinshah, intends to publish a monthly news sheet under the name " Ahinsa" for members of the Society. He has delivered two lectures in Philadelphia and hopes to be holding regular monthly meetings there ; he also hopes to open a centre in the New York City area before
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too long. Long-range plans, to begin perhaps within the next 12 months, include a coast-to-coast lecture tour, a " Vegan Crusade for Health and Natural Living." We wish the new society well, and hope to exchange news and ideas with them and vegan-minded people everywhere. Vegan lights may be lit in other countries, too. There must be many a vegan in some isolated spot, both in this country and elsewhere. Let us reach out to them at this time in spirit, and during the Christmas season let us all have a vision of Veganism taking root and springing up all over the world. The Spirit of Good Neighbourliness applied to all Creation cannot be denied—it is the greatest Power on earth or off it. It came down 2,000 years ago at this time, and it is the driving force of Veganism everywhere. JACK SANDERSON.
FROM THE PRESIDENT At this wonderful time of the year I send you best wishes for a deep peace and 'happiness at Christmas, and a New Year that furthers all your hopes and deep convictions. The Society has come through a difficult year. Mr. J. Sanderson was reluctant to become Editor on the resignation of Mr. J. Heron at the 1959 Annual General Meeting, because he knew that extensive alterations to his house and commitments in connection with his profession would leave little time for Editorship. That lis why the Summer issue of The Vegan did not appear. I can assure you that the Editor and Committee regretted it as much as, if not more than, you did. The Secretary, Mrs. J. Arnaldi, has also had a difficult year— but all difficulties have resolved themselves and I can assure you that The Vegan will appear regularly next year in March, June, September and December. We go forward into 1961 with faith, confidence and enthusiasm, and know that our Membership will increase, and with your enthusiastic help the truths of veganism will reach a much wider public. All expansion depends on finance, so I hope that your subscriptions and generous donations will be sent to the Hon. Treasurer very early. As your new President, I will do all in my power to serve you and to make the Vegan Society a vital force. ELSIE B. SHRIGLEY.
THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING This was held at the Alliance Hall, Westminster, on Saturday, November 12th, at 2.30 p.m. Mr. J. Heron was in the Chair, and there was a fair attendance of members. The officers were elected for the coming year (see inside front cover) and reports given by the Secretary and Treasurer (see Autumn issue). An excellent tea, arranged by our catering specialist, Miss Mabel Simmons, was taken half-way through a long and very important discussion on the Vegan journal and a possible link-up with the two Vegetarian societies. This will be referred to in greater detail in the Spring Vegan. It was felt that there had been insufficient time for members to make a considered decision, and it was decided to refer the matter for further attention during 1961. A very fine talk, and a first-class display of vegan commodities by Mrs. Eva Batt followed, and this important talk is given in this issue. A MOST interesting A.G.M. The 16th Executive Committee's Report, 1959-1960 The year has been one of enthusiasm, exploration of new ideas and the deliberation necessary for momentous decisions. A.G.M., 1959. The 15th A.G.M. was held at The Friends International Centre. The following Officers and Committee were elected : — President, Mr. J. Heron ; Vice President, Mrs. E. B. Shrigley ; Treasurer, Miss W. Simmons ; Editor, Mr. J. Sanderson. Committee: Mrs. J. Arnaldi, Miss M. Arnaldi, Mrs. E. V. Batt, Miss L. Barbara, Mrs. S. Coles, Mrs. M. Drake, Miss C. Harvey, Mr. J. Moore and Miss M. Simmons. The office of Secretary was held over (but at the first Committee Mrs. J. Arnaldi offered to take over the office of Secretary and was duly elected). After refreshments Mr. Newman Tanner gave a very interesting talk mainly concerned with health of humans and animals. Mrs. E. V. Batt was warmly thanked for the very comprehensive collection of Vegan clothes, shoes and bedding that she displayed during the afternoon and evening. New Year Social. A very enjoyable Social was held in the Hall of The London Vegetarian Society at 53, Marloes Road, W.8, on Saturday, January 16th, 1960. Competitions, games, dancing and refreshments contributed to an evening of companionship and jollity.
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Committees. There have been seven Committee meetings this year, with the President, Mr. J. Heron, in the chair. This has been a harmonious and busy Committee, dealing with the various problems and activities of the Society. Our warm thanks are due to Mrs. J. Arnaldi for the use of her flat for Committee meetings. Mrs. M. Drake had to resign because of the work in connection with her Health Food Stores. Mr. J. Moore has been unable to attend because of study. Mrs. J. Arnaldi has been helped in her work as Secretary by Mrs. S. Coles, who addresses the envelopes for the Vegan and deserves our special thanks, Miss C. Harvey, who does the minutes, and Mrs. E. B. Shrigley, who sends out agendas. The Vegan. There have been only three copies of The Vegan this year instead of the usual four. Mr. J. Sanderson, the new Editor, has had extensive alterations to his house and so many personal duties to attend to that he had to lay aside all voluntary work for some months during the summer. He was able to resume duties in September. There is a suggestion that the Vegan Society shall have four pages in the British Vegetarian, and this will be discussed during the Annual General Meeting. Publicity. A Publicity and Sub-committee dealt very extensively with Publicity and reported its findings to the Committee. Advertising was found to be too expensive but other avenues in connection with articles and letters to the Press, and book reviews received attention. Mr. J. Heron addressed a meeting at Newcastle—N.E. Dist. Veg. Soc., Oct. 11th. International Vegetarian Union Congress. Mrs. E. B. Shrigley represented the Vegan Society at the I.V.U. Congress in Hanover, where the business Sessions took place. Mrs. Shrigley gave a report on the aims and activities of the Vegan Society and there was a great interest in Veganism. Literature was distributed and found eager readers. Commodities. Our Commodities Investigator, Mrs. E. V. Batt, has continued to do excellent work during the year—four pages of Commodities have appeared in each Vegan and have proved of invaluable help to Vegans and those interested in Veganism. Our sincere thanks are due to Mrs. B a t t 4
The Library. Mr. John Heron has a good Libary of books on Veganism and allied subjects and is desirous that all Members shall make full use of it. It costs Is. 6d. a book for postage, and books can be kept for three weeks.
THE INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIAN CONGRESS IN HANOVER AUGUST 20th TO 24th, 1960 I was privileged to represent The Vegan Society at the business meetings of The International Vegetarian Congress in Hanover. Hanover is a beautiful, clean city, with fine buildings, parks and a large lake, and has many royal associations. The Congress was held in a house owned by Herr George Hiller, who Ted the German delegation, and it was called " Bei Hiller." This had a vegetarian restaurant on the ground floor, an office for enquiries and a large room for business meetings and talks. The delegates heard the Secretary's and Financial reports, elected Officers and Committee, and dealt with alteration of rules and other matters that arose. The new President, Mr. Woodland Kahler, is a fine personality and a good speaker, and is able to travel extensively. The Committee is European except for one Indian representative. Each delegate gave a report on the country or society he or she represented. I gave a report on the aims and work of The Vegan Society with special reference to the investigation into the health aspect of veganism. I referred to the literature published and to the conclusions we had formulated, and stressed that it was safe now for lacto-vegetarians to become vegans, especially for -the humanitarian and spiritual reasons which we regard as the most important aspects. Great interest was shown in veganism, and I talked to a number of delegates who showed special interest after the report. There were lectures by Dr. Frank Wokes, Mr. Dugald Semple, Isabel James and Dr. C. A. Skiver, and by Mrs. Rukmini Devi Arundale, M.P., and Dr. Gordon Latto, at a special meeting in a large hall. It was not all business and lectures. We had an interesting visit to the Volkswagen factory and walked miles! There was a Festival Banquet at a large restaurant overlooking the lake when 350 enjoyed an excellent dinner and danced to the music of a very energetic band. The delegates were received by Dr. Diederichs, the Social Minister, at the Haus des Minister prasidenten, and entertained to a buffet supper. 5
In the evening we had a splendid open air performance of ballet—Der Koniglichen Spiele—to the accompaniment of Handel's music in the Herrenhausen Garten, the home of Hanoverian kings. This was floodlit, with fountains, and was a joy to watch. It finished with fireworks and was a memorable occasion. The business finished on Tuesday, and on Wednesday we went out for the day to Bad Pyrmont where Dr. Otto Buchinger entertained the delegates and visitors to lunch and showed them his famous naturopathic establishment. On the way we visited Hamelin. I had to catch the night boat home because my parents were coming to stay, and so I could not go to Hamburg. It was lovely weather all the time in Hanover, and this added to the enjoyment of my visit. ELSIE B. SHRIGLEY.
A YEAR OF ENCOURAGEMENT Eva Batt Since our last Annual Genera] Meeting quite a lot has happened in the field of humane Commodities and all of it, from a Vegan point of view, Good. The rising price of leather all over the world has been the cause of much research, and the man-made leathers and other synthetic alternatives produced as a result, already cover a very wide range—from football boots containing absolutely no leather, to the flimsiest designs in high fashion wear. Similarly the continually rising price of Chinese hog bristles has started some activity in the paint brush industry. We hope that chemists will have as much success in this line, and that by this time next year I shall be able to recommend a whole range of non-bristle paint brushes. For it is only a year ago since we were saying that, of all things, footwear, and especially shoes for men, were a particular problem for members. But so great has been the advance during the past 12 months, that I have decided to concentrate on this aspect today. A few weeks ago I had the pleasure of attending, on your behalf, the Man-Made Soling Convention in London. Known as MANSA, this Association was formed only 18 months ago, and I wish I had the time to tell you of all the various types of footwear materials I saw there. Fibre insoles, new ways with heels. 18 different types of man-made soles, the silicone treatment of woven materials, etc. The materials for uppers included Spun Viscose Rayon, Polythene on Cotton, Metallised thread and Nylon (gorgeous), Japanese Imitation Leather (I thought this was the best, but I have not yet been able to get samples to show you), Soft Cellular 6
P:V.C.S Electrostatically-flocked Imitation Suede, Printed Nylon and many others. From our point of view the most interesting was the S.A.T.R.A. stand which, as well as materials, had a few examples of completely man-made shoes on display. Specially designed by Dak of London for the British Boot, Shoe and Allied Trades Research Association, they had all the beauty and softness of fine kid, but were made of specially expanded plastic—waterproof, too. Unfortunately, not for sale, but a most encouraging sign of what these scientists have in store for us ; an excellent example of what can be done when the incentive is there. We the customers, are the only ones who can create a demand for such articles, so we must keep on asking for them, and NOT TAKE LEATHER FOR AN ANSWER ! During the year I was able to beg, borrow, buy or otherwise collect, samples from several manufacturers. A few of these samples that we have here today are still being tested in America and in this country with a view to producing a material that has ALL the qualities of leather. Shoes in the new " Fassola " material have been on sale in the U.S.A. for some months and have proved very popular indeed. They should be on sale shortly in some of the London shops. You will find a reference to these in your Vegan. Among several speakers at the Convention was Doctor Doris Craigmile, who answered the often raised points on foot-health and the new materials. She told of one particular survey on some children living under the care of the Birmingham City Council. Out of 100 children, 50 were given shoes soled with good quality leather and 50 were given shoes with Neolite or Latex Soles. " During the summer we studied their feet," said Dr. Craigmile, " and looked at them every month. We have found that some children have dry skins, and a minority definitely moist skins. We didn't find a change in the proportions at all, whatever sole they wore." "Now that is interesting, because I know that many people say that rubber and composition soles make the feet moist. We didn't find this at all," she added. Other points made in this talk were : — " Cushioned insoles do not appear to cause any extra perspiration in a child's feet." and again : " There seems to be no difference amongst the various types of man-made soling so far as foot health is concerned." A representative from Avon Footwear Ltd., likened it to: " A silent revolution which is taking place underfoot." He reminded us that : " The major proportion of footwear manufactured today 7
is constructed with a man-made soling material of one type or another." Referring to the economic advantages he said : " The shoe manufacturer who has adopted the moulded method of construction, eliminates some 20-odd manufacturing processes. This is bound to make quite a saving in the production cost of the footwear." And again: — " I f one takes ordinary solid resin rubber and compares it with traditional materials at comparable prices, one immediately gets a coefficient of wear which increases by two or even three times. In fact this figure can be even higher. Some 80% to 90% of children's shoes are now made in this way," he said, and the numbers of ladies' shoes soled with one of the resin/rubber or micro-cellular soling materials has risen from 35% in 1958 to 75% in 1960 so far." Look out for Dunlop Oxford style lace-up shoes for children in the shops now. A particularly good example is their " Patrol " model, with special insole to ensure constant air passage around the foot. Other Dunlop models in the new Winter range are a moulded plastic (for the sake of a short word) Italian styled laceup for men and two very smart ankle boots for women. The lined black one is 6087 at 26s. 9d„ and the white buckled one is their " U p t o w n " at 27s. l i d . The men's shoe is 21s. The other black moulded shoe is from Woolworths, and costs 9s. 6d. a pair. It makes an excellent alternative to a leather or woollen slipper, and the beauty of these all-chemical shoes is that they can be washed, inside and out, as often as you like. Messrs. Bata, of Oxford Street, have a ladies' Flattie in a lined material at 12s. 1 Id., and the same store has the most interesting shoe for men that I have yet seen. This is made in the conventional way, not injection moulded, and as the material is again lined we do not have that smooth inner surface which some people find unpleasant in moulded shoes. Their part number is C243 353, and price 20s.
I should like to take this opportunity to tell you a little about the Vegan Exhibition at Denison House last month. As last year, this was sponsored by the Crusade Against all Cruelty to Animals, and was part of their " Animals and Man " Fair. As you probably know there have been several displays of non-animal products up and down the country since our first effort last year, and I feel that this is a very encouraging sign. These have been mostly concerned with alternatives to fur coats and other non-essentials, and some of the information passed on to me has not been strictly correct, but then I doubt if many have had as much experience as our Society in this respect. 8
For Miss Harvey began this work as long ago as 1953 and much of her work then is bearing fruit now. I feel strongly that ANYTHING, even incorrect information about so-called animal-free cosmetics, is better than the apathetic inertia which is all too shockingly prevalent in general today. A few of our members managed to get to Denison House again this year, and I must mention the valuable help given at the time by Miss Winifred and Miss Mabel Simmons, who spent quite some time helping with the two sections. On both days, too ! Thanks are also due to our Secretary, Mrs. Arnaldi, who kindly loaned display stands. I hope I have not given you the impression that it was all footwear, although this section was supported by Messrs. Dunlop, Goodyear, Rosen, Hilton's, Lennards, North British, Bata, Courlak, Volcrepe, Reliance, Raymond Cen and Brody and Sumray. The Man-Made Soling Association and The British Boot, Shoe and Allied Trades Research Association also helped considerably with information and advice. Other contributors included : Messrs. Courtaulds, Dupont, Hollins, Steegan, in the clothing section. Messrs. Celairic, Courtaulds, Kozequilt, Mossley, in the bedding and quilts, pillows, etc. Messrs. Thomas Wheeler and Lauder Millar sent gloves. Messrs. Brillo, Betterwear, Harris, Thomas Hedley, Secto, Stephens and Wilme Collier, in the household, brushes and office sundries. Messrs. Rylands, knitting yarns. Messrs. Rakusens, Lusty's, Indiacraft, Horton, London Soap, Modern Health, and McCormack, various soaps and cleaning materials. Briitdkh Weleda, The Society of Herbalists, Deimel, Heath and Heather, and Charles Perry, cosmetics. Although the Vegan section did not have the time or help to deal with the food aspect, there was, of course, some overlap, and we were able to pass several manufacturers who wrote to me, over to the Health Food section, such as Van den Berghs, Alfonal, etc. Messrs. Robinson, of " D a p p l e " and "Black Vel-Vit" supplied their own stand, demonstrator and free samples. A popular stall ! There were also carpets, rugs, furnishing materials, synthetic chamois leathers and sponges. I think I should add a word or two here on the subject of cosmetics. It is of little use to know that certain articles do not contain one specific product of cruel exploitation if this same article contains other equally noxious substances. Many cosmetics and beauty products which may be recommended as being " free from any animal content" do, in fact, contain animal based perfumes. Among the wide range of perfume ingredients and setting agents, Spermaceti is an extract made from a waxy substance taken from the head of the sperm whale. If listed under the name 9
Ung. Cetacei, however, it may pass unnoticed. While it is claimed that Civet—a glandular secretion " obtained" from a South African wild cat which is " protected " for the purpose—does not necessitate actually killing the animal, it is quite definitely a product of animal exploitation. As is also Musk, from the deer, Castorium, from the Beaver; Ambergris, Spermaceti and Cetyl Alcohol, from the Whale. It may be the case that a manufacturer often does not know what goes into the Stearine, perfume and " fixers" which his company uses. It is for this reason that the Cosmetic section of our list has had to be drastically curtailed, but this is the next angle of Humane Products to be thoroughly investigated. I feel that it is our duty to avoid anything we are not sure about, to get acquainted with the facts whenever possible, and be ready to repeat them at the drop of a hat. I am reminded of some advice to footballers given by an expert recently. The Spurs had been winning game after game, and a Sportswriter put in his column—" How not to be Beaten by the Spurs . . . DON'T PLAY THEM." WE CAN REMEMBER THIS ADVICE WHEN IN DOUBT A B O U T ANY P R O D U C T : DON'T BUY IT. In an article in the current copy of " Housewives Today," concerning modern mass production of food (battery hens, broiler calves, etc.) the writer concluded : " . . . the word ' cruelty ' will never mean the same to all of us until the ' terrible Power of the P u r s e ' is ended." While this is true enough, we must remember that the small purse, yours and mine, holds the power of influence for good or bad, and it is we, the consumers, who have it in our hands to use this weapon wisely and strategically. If we ' can't be bothered,' or delude ourselves with soporific half-truths, convenient myths and trite excuses, then we deserve the kind of world we are making with our criminal apthy. Unfortunately, it is the animals who are the real sufferers, they, and our descendants, whose lives will become more and more artificial, more and more disease-ridden ; unless we refuse EVERY T I M E (not just now and again as " convenient") to spend a penny on anything that we suspect is the product of cruelty. It is so very easy for us to be slack in this. Few of us, if any, have seen a tortured whale, its intestines torn by explosive harpoons, fight for hours before dying in agony. So we are liable to buy perfumed soap, etc., without a thought for this great animal which suffered to provide it. Many of the articles at the Exhibition have already been named in your copies of The Vegan, but I thought you might like to see a few samples of the latest types of man-made furs. By the way, Messrs. Manard, who loaned garments in all of these (Continued
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on page 15)
FOUR-PAGE PULL-OUT, WINTER, 1960.
VEGAN COMMODITIES EVA B A I T We have the assurance of each Manufacturer that all commodities named in this list are entirely free of any animal content. The possible inclusion of other undesirable ingredients in food such as doubtful dyes, preservatives, etc.., is not always easy to ascertain, but guaranteed pure " whole " foods are indicated where known. Messrs. Carter Bros. Due to a printing error in the Autumn number of The Vegan, no space was left between the reference to Sunflower Seed Oil from Messrs. Carter Bros, and the following paragraph concerning a fish extract in some'oils. The reference to synergistol has no connection whatever with Messrs. Carter Bros. The retail price of the oil is not 28s. 9d. as stated, but 35s. per gallon, plus postage. Mazola Corn Oil Most of us would rather use corn or seed oil than lard or dripping because its production involves no cruel exploitation of animals, but there are other very good reasons. In a very interesting bulletin issued by Messrs. Brown and Poison, Oliver Lawson Dick reminds us that : " A recent test in Denmark, in which 133 hospital patients were given a diet in which butterfat, margarine and lard were replaced by Corn Oil and Soybean Oil, produced statistically significant results. Five times as many cases of Thrombosis occurred in the control group on a normal diet as in the group on vegetable oils." And " The recent rise in deaths from heart disease has been so great that the effect of the advances in medical science has been nullified. It is a remarkable fact that the expectation of life of a middle-aged man a century ago was almost the same as it is now in this country." Non-vegans should be interested in this health aspect of saturated v. unsaturated fats. J. J. Date Syrup ' Every so often we are reminded by one of the excellent health magazines of the danger of over-refined, bleached and otherwise de-natured foods. We learn too, of the loss of the B vitamins in the process of producing white sugar, but that our body needs this very vitamin to digest it. Thus it seems we actually have less vitamin B after eating this refined carbohydrate than before. The fact that bone-black is normally used in the bleaching process is also a sound reason for our ethical objections to its use. Yet many of us still enjoy an occasional sweet dish or sweetened drink. This problem has now been solved by the latest addition to the larder—J. J. Date Syrup, made by Coats, Franklin & Co. The production of an all-round sweetener from dates is not a new idea. Currant sugar has also been produced, but unfortunately the processing costs made it uneconomical. For some seven or eight years experiments have been going on in the hope of stabilising a suitable and marketable product. Now, Dr. Franklin, who gave us Barmene, has, after nearly four years' work,
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succeeded in overcoming the original difficulties in producing this natural sweetener. The crystallisation, separation and partial break-up of the syrup, during which some of the sugar was lost, were just a few of these. The new Date Syrup contains the complete natural sugar of the date, almost entirely laevulose, with the valuable mineral content left intact. It is nutritionally far superior to the chemically pure white sugar. N o chemicals or chemical processing are employed in its production. It is also very sweet—a little goes a long way. I have been using this new syrup for nearly four months, and have found it a suitable alternative to sugar for cooking, coffee, and indeed, any purpose for which refined sugar crystals are normally used. The supply is not yet sufficient to meet the demand but it should be easily obtainable in your Health F o o d Store very soon. Nothing whatever is extracted from the date (except the stone !) and the insoluble fibres. One final point—dates are a natural and harmless laxative. Carob Flour can be obtained from Rayner & Pennycock Ltd., 16, Oatlands Chase, Weybridge, Surrey. Add variety to vegan meals. Vegetarian recipes often call for unusual and sometimes unheard-of ingredients. Most of the unfamiliar grains and seeds are now available from : * The Health Food Store, 26, Anerley Station Road, London, S.E.20 Send to Mrs. Drake for her new, free and very comprehensive list. A postal service can be arranged, half the cost of which is borne by the store. Lloyd Rakusen & Sons Ltd. " Goldana " Brand Margarine. " Goldana " Brand Cooking Fat.
FOOTWEAR AND LEATHER GOODS When one reads, as I did recently, that " Leather is to be the High Fashion Material this Winter " one's heart sinks. For it is a very natural desire to be " in the fashion," admired by one's friends, and even envied, perhaps, by others. Young people especially, even if they realise the price that has to be paid, will be sorely tempted to follow suit. But it is not quite so bad as at first appeared, for in a short walk along a busy London street I saw a full range of smart clothes for women which appeared to be made of fine leather, but which were, in fact, produced in one of the new " imitation " leathers. These bear no relation at all to the " leathercloth " we have known in the past, but are made especially for this purpose, and are soft, pliable and have some " give." One example is a white tunic dress (about 5 gns.) in " Marshmallow " which, I am assured, can be kept clean merely by an occasional sponging off as necessary. Also a black coat in a similar material which can be supplied with a nylon fur collar (detachable) in a variety of colours. The advantages, both economic and humane, are obvious, and once again the chemist, albeit for economic reasons, has been instrumental in adding to the range of non-animal products. Volcrepe Ltd. Microlite soling material.
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The North British Rubber Co. Ltd. " Gaytees" Overshoes and Casuals. With the exception of a fur trim on one pair of Gaytees overshoes, all these are suitable for use by strict vegetarians, and the gay, bright colours of this rainwear will brighten up many a dull day this winter. Plastishus, the moulded plastic footwear made by Etoughs Ltd., are available everywhere. Best suited for summer wear, these shoes are colourfast, supple, strong, washable and are unharmed by sea-water or oil. Made in sizes and styles to suit all the family, the bright colours are particularly attractive to the younger members of the family, while the strong, flexible, non-skid soles and the very econic price will be appreciated by their parents. Prices from 3s. l i d . to 12s. l i d . Send for catalogue to : Reliance Warehouse Co. Ltd., 162, New Street, Burton-on-Trent. The Bata Shoe Store, Oxford Street, London, W.l, have the answer to the problem of winter shoes for men. This chemical shoe (20s. in black or brown) is made up in the conventional way and its cotton backing overcomes the smooth feel of plastic which is disliked by many. As far as we know at present it is only available from the above address, but can be ordered by post with confidence. Here again, the demand is exceeding the supply for a while, but supplies are increasing and we can confidently forecast that many non-vegetarians will be wearing this shoe this winter for the sake of its durability and economic price alone. Dunlop Footwear Ltd. The range of Dunlop Utrilon footwear is far too long to list here, but these also include winter footwear for all the family. Of particular interest is the " Patrol " gibson type shoe for boys. In black or tao, these stand up to really hard wear and can be washed, if needed, inside and out. The range also includes heavy industrial boots as well as some of the most attractive ankle boots (lined) for women. For the fashion conscious male there is the " Mario " style shoe, with special polythene insock for foot comfort and ventilation. In black, brown and grey. If any of our members went to the International Cycle and Motor Cycle Show, organised by the Daily Express, they must have admired the " D e f t " summer casuals worn by the models, who were dressed in gay summer clothes. All of these were also on show at the Vegan Exhibition at Denison House, mentioned elsewhere in this issue.
BRUSHES In " The Story of a Paint Brush," an attractive and detailed booklet issued by L. G. Harris & Co.. is the following paragraph : " Nylon and Perlon. These are imitation Bristles made from synthetic materials. While they wear much longer than natural bristles they do not have the fine " fiscules" which grow up the sides of all natural bristles, and do not hold the paint quite so well as ordinary bristles. They are, however, rapidly coming into favour where exceptionally long wear and rough usage is required from a brush."
PAPER John Dickinson & Co. Ltd. The following contain no animal size, glue, etc.: Queens Velvet Stationery, Churston Deckle Stationery, Croxley Cambric Stationery, Lion Brand Stationery, Holdfast tape, Challenge Duplicate Books, Challenge
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Stitched Books, Main Line Books, Lion Brand Stitched Books, Mayfair Stitched Books, Croxley Script paper, All Tree Labels, Marking Tickets, Fashion and Provision Carrier Bags. Further—the gum on all John Dickinson envelope flaps is of vegetable origin. . Wallpaper is not normally " Tub Sized," the general practice being to use resin size. When buying any type of paper of unknown origin, remember that " animal tub sizing " is a fairly costly process and that only the more expensive kinds of paper are liable to be treated with animal size.
FABRICS Cellolite Cotton Blankets The result of a new British discovery, these blankets, with their soft, fleecy touch, trap and retain layers of warm air. Can be boiled or put through any kind of washing or drying machine with complete safety. Free from all the normal problems o£ blanket washing, the colours are fast, due to the special " Duracol " process. Also see Cellolite Blankets in Luxury Courtelle. All these hygienic and hard-wearing blankets are made in four sizes and five colours by Smith & Nephew—Southalls Ltd., Brierfield, Lanes. Send for brochure mentioning this magazine. Double Jerseylaine, made by Burgess, Ledward & Co., 42, Conduit Street. W. 1. We are very happy to introduce this material to our members. Woven from Courtaulds quality tested viscose fibre in a wide range of bright colours and available all over the country. Thirty-six inches wide' with a fine rib weave, 5s. l i d . a yard. If any difficulty write for name of nearest stockist and sample.
BEAUTY PRODUCTS Deimel Beauty Products Ltd., 100, High Street, Croydon, Surrey. Deimel All-Purpose Beauty Lotion. Blended from pure herb and flower essences. Also Deimel Beauty Cream is now available for those w h o prefer this form. This is blended with almond oil and, as in tih,e case of the Lotion, is suitable for use as a cleanser as well as a light' foundation. It also has an antiseptic effect and can be used on the most sensitive skin. • If difficult to obtain write for the name of your nearest stockist.
HOUSEHOLD AND OFFICE SUNDRIES Surf, Teepol, Tide, Vim, Wisk, Simons Scouring Powder, GIov Paste, D e x Paste, Gluak, Tapwata Paste Powder, Adwata Paste Powder, Brillo Soap Pads, Daz, Dreft, Fairy Liquid, Freedom, Lux Liquid, Mirro, Spel, Squeezy, Stergene, Bubbly Stergene, Ajax, Trojan Soap Pads, Omo.. White Tide, Flash, Quix, Handy Andy. Stephens
Inks and Adhesives are all vegan.
D o not rely on a dead animal for window cleaning material. The Secto Co. Ltd. make " Washking" synthetic leathers. These have • no animal content or dressing and have been awarded the Good Housekeeping Seal of Guarantee. (Chamois skins, often used for car and glass cleaning, are nowadays usually made from goat skins.) Lloyd Rakusen & Sons Ltd. " Frum " Soap Powder, Household Soap and Soap Filled Pads. (To be
14
continued)
(Continued
from page 10)
for the display, have generously agreed to give a 10% reduction to all members of the Crusade Against all Cruelty to Animals. Mr. Cyril Kirsch is a furrier who has become a vegetarian since the war and has gradually changed the nature of his business from animal furs to man-made pile fabrics. For this reason alone I would prefer to patronise and encourage this company, for it is not easy to do this and forfeit part of one's living. I have no hesitation in recommending this Society to vegans. Their positive approach to today's problems causes them to embrace many vegan principles and ideals, and their " Blueprint for Better Living " is similar to our trade list. As this is revised and published very frequently, it is about as up-to-date as we can get. You will find Kraft margarine has been in it in the past, but this is to be deleted in the future and only truly vegan items listed. A sample copy of the Blueprint is free on receipt of a stamped addressed envelope, and further copies can be bought very cheaply. I should like to end on a topical note. In the Evening Standard, on October 18th, there was a paragraph about the possibility of rearing British-born Persian lambs. A fur farmer named Stanley Smith, who has imported the first Karakul sheep, says that their flesh is sweet and that—and here it comes— " Their fur clippings could be the farmer's answer to manmade furs " ! Dare we hope this is the beginning of the end ?
A VEGAN SOCIAL EVENING f members and friends will take place at , Gloucester Road, London, S.W.7, on Saturday, 21st January, 1961, at 5 p.m. Please telephone our hostess (a co-opted member of the Committee, Mrs. D. Thomson), or write to her to say how many you expect to bring (ring KNI. 0341). There will be refreshments and an opportunity to meet and talk with old and new friends. Cornwall Gardens is the second left up Gloucester Road from Cromwell Road, and is neaT to Gloucester Road Tube Station on the following bus routes, 9, 52, 49, 73 and 74.
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31 (Eijmtmas Sinner By MABEL SIMMONS Turnip Cream Soup Stuffed Brazil Nut Roast Sage and Onion Stuffing Gravy Chestnut Balls Apple Sauce Brussels Sprouts Braised Carrots Roast Potatoes Christmas Pudding and Cashew Nut Cream Mince Pies Coffee TURNIP CREAM SOUP 1 1 1 2
lb. turnips. oz. margarine. lb. potatoes. bay leaves.
2 pts. stock. 1 onion. -j nutmeg.
Melt margarine, cut omon and turnips small, braise in margarine with lid on. Then add stock, bay leaves, potatoes—cut into small pieces. Cook gently. Remove bay leaves, press through sieve and add grated nutmeg. Garnish with chopped parsley. Serve with croutons of toast. STUFFED BRAZIL NUT ROAST 1 lb. Brazil nuts (milled). 2 oz. margarine. i lb. wholemeal breadcrumbs (fresh).
i lb onions. Seasoning. | oz. powdered sage. Gravy or wholemeal sauce.
Mix nuts, crumbs and seasoning together. Cut onions finely and fry golden brown; sprinkle sage over. Place onion on top of mixture, pour over about 5 tablespoons of gravy or sauce and make into a stiff roll. Cut through centre, place stuffing on one half, cover with the other half, place on greased tin, cover with greased paper and bake in a hot oven for J hour. Garnish with sliced tomatoes and parsley. SAGE AND ONION STUFFING 1 lb. onions. 2 oz. margarine. 2 oz. wholemeal breadcrumbs.
1 teaspoonful chopped sage. Seasoning. Gravy or wholemeal sauce.
Cut onions finely, fry golden brown, add sage, seasoning, breadcrumbs ; bind with gravy or sauce. It is then ready for use. 16
BROWN GRAVY 1 oz. wholemeal flour. 1 oz. margarine. i pt. stock.
1 teaspoonful Yeastrel, Marmite or <Barmene. Seasoning.
Melt margarine, remove from fire, drop in Yeastrel, stir in flour, mix well, gradually stir in stock. Return to fire, stir until it boils, add seasoning. CHESTNUT BALLS 1 lb. chestnuts. 1 tablespoonful chopped parsley. Seasoning.
2 oz. wholemeal breadcrumbs. 2 oz. margarine. Wholemeal sauce.
Put chestnuts into cold water, bring to the boil, peel, boil until cooked, mash or press through sieve, add parsley, breadcrumbs, seasoning, grated margarine, bind with wholemeal sauce. Form into small balls, roll in fresh breadcrumbs, bake in hot oven until golden brown, 15 minutes. Place these balls around nut roast. CHRISTMAS PUDDING i i i i | | i
lb. lb. lb. lb. lb. lb. lb.
currants. sultanas. seedless raisins. stoned raisins. mixed chopped peel. grated suenut. brown sugar.
ÂŁ nutmeg, 2 oz. chopped nuts (almonds). { lb. fresh wholemeal breadcrumbs. 2 oz. glace cherries. 2 oz. wholemeal flour, 1 teacup of orange juice.
Clean fruit, mix all dry ingredients together. Grate in suenut and nutmeg. Lastly, stir in orange juice. Let mixture stand overnight. Put into greased basin, cover with greaseproof paper and cloth. Steam 8 hours and turn out of basin when cooked. CASHEW NUT CREAM i lb. cashew nut butter, or nut cream. Rind of 4 lemon.
1 teaspoonful soft sugar. 6 or 7 tablespoons very hot water.
Beat all ingredients well together. use.
When cold it is ready for
MINCE PIES Mince Meat 2 2 2 2 2 i
oz. oz. oz. oz. oz. lb.
currants. sultanas. seedless raisins. seeded raisins. chopped dates. apples.
1 lb brown sugar. 2 oz. chopped mixed peel. 2 oz. grated suenut. Rind and juice of i lemon. i nutmeg.
Clean fruit, chop finely, add grated apple, lemon rind, suenut, nutmeg. Mix all well together with fork, lastly adding lemon juice. 17
Pastry for Mince Pies i lb. wholemea] 1 lb. nutter.
flour.
Cup of water.
Rub nutter into flour, mix with water into a soft dough. Roll out thinly, line patty tins, place mincemeat in, cover with pastry, prick top. Bake in hot oven 15 to 20 minutes. PARTY SWEETS STUFFED DATES—MARZIPAN WALNUTS MARZIPAN POTATOES Stuffed Dates { lb. dates. 2 oz. desiccated coconut.
2 oz. shelled nuts (hazel).
Stone dates, fill with a nut, roll in cooonut, put in paper cases. Marzipan Walnnts Make marzipan, colour with vegetable green. Cover each walnut with marzipan mixture, roll in any ground nuts. Marzipan Potatoes Make marzipan, roll into the shape of new potatoes, roll in chocolate powder or cocoa.
AN UNFLRED CHRISTMAS DINNER Carrot and Nut Milk Soup Tomato, Walnut and Spinach Salad Christmas Pudding Carrot and Nut Milk Soup 3 carrots. i lb. pinekemels. Small head of celery.
Seasoning. i cupful warm water.
Method.—Mill pinekernels finely, having soaked over-night in warm water. Beat to a thick cream, add carrots and celery (grated finely), lastly seasoning. Tomato, Walnut and Spinach Salad i lb. large tomatoes. Celeriac. Parsley.
{ lb. spinach. 2 oz. walnuts. Seasoning.
Method.—Cut tomatoes through centre, scoop out pulp carefully. Grate celeriac finely and add to tomato-pulp, also add walnuts (chopped), \ tablespoonful parsley (chopped) and seasoning. Mix well. Fill tomatoes with mixture, garnish with parsley sprinkled over. Dish up with a border round of chopped spinach and grated celeriac. 18
Christmas Pudding i ÂŁ 1 I I
lb. currants. lb. sultanas. lb. raisins. lb. dates. lemon.
1 banana. 2 oz. medium oatmeal. 1 oz. coconut. I tablespoonful liquid honey or Barbados sugar.
Method.â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Prepare fruit, chop finely, mix all dry ingredients together, except half quantity of coconut. Grate rind of lemon, add to mixture. Pour over lemon juice, also honey. Mix well with fork. Put into a greased basin, press down, allow to stand several hours, turn out, sprinkle over with coconut, decorate with cherries (glaces). All enquiries about recipes should be se Simmons (Teacher of Vegetarian Cookery), London, N.W.I 1. Meadway 1710.
ORGANICS, ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE ? by R. Dalziel O'Brien It seems to me that the time has come to make a clear division between the manurial practices and materials of the animal farmer and those suited to the horticulturist; not to assume, as hitherto, that what is " good" for one, is necessarily " good " for the other. It has been proved that all manurial requirements of the horticulturist and the home gardener can be fulfilled from mineral and vegetable sources, eliminating animal dung, fowl and fish manures, slaughterhouse products, and sewage, usually referred to as organics in farming circles. In short, the horticulturists can now be completely independent of the animal farmer. Science is now turning its attention to producing many materials from mineral and vegetable substances in imitation of products of animal origin, and this turn of the tables is very welcome to vegans. Research is also exposing health risks in certain foods of domesticated animal source, notably the fats. Never before has the subject of food been so brought into focus in the national Press and in medical circles. One may well ask, why is it that by passing the apparently innocent herbage into the bodies of domesticated cattle, that it is transformed into a harmful productâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;harmful, that is, as a form of food for humans ! In the circumstances, it would seem practical to enquire into the form that the manuring of the land takes : to enquire whether animal dung and other organic derivatives of dead animals, fish and sewage may be as beneficial to the soil from which the herbage is produced as we have been wont to believe. Now, a new system of soil management has been devised for 19
horticulture and home gardening, i.e., a surface cultivation, nodigging method, which eliminates all those animal organic materials. Compost (in which raw vegetative material, herbally activated, forms the sole organic matter) is used in the new system. Moreover, the discovery has been made that under this method a transformation takes place in the soil. Intensive cultivation may be carried on with benefit to the soil, rather than depletion, as is usual in orthodox gardening practice. In recent years, due to the efforts of well-known pioneers, compost has become a household word. Almost invariably some form of organic materials of animal origin were recommended for inclusion in the making of the compost. However, these pioneers were apparently unaware of the natural phenomena of the soil's transformation when these recommended forms of organics (animal origin) are withheld and the sole organic material included in the compost is raw vegetative. In practising the newer method, which brings about this transformation of the soil to a higher level of production, one becomes aware that a natural law is in operation, a fact which anyone may discover for themselves. The knowledge of the circumstances under which this transformation of the soil may be induced, together with scientific findings in other directions, indicate that far from being a desirable component in the Wheel of Life, the domesticated animal is proving to be an impediment imposed on it by the will of manâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;an abuse of the natural law of return.
CRUSADE AGAINST ALL CRUELTY TO ANIMALS As is now well-known, the Crusade makes extensive use of unique documentary films which depict many aspects of man's exploitation of animals. Their stark realism leaves the viewer in no doubt that there is something radically wrong with mankind's relationship with the animal kingdom, and has impelled many to think seriously for the first time on the true implications of man's dominion over the rest of Creation and to begin the quest for a more humane way of life. We have heard it said that many animal lovers will not attend our filmshows because they do not want to be upset, and we are the first to appreciate that some people genuinely cannot view the sight of animal suffering without becoming physically ill. It has been our experience, however, in our extensive campaigning, that many professing animal lovers tend to turn too often to the well-worn phrases, " Don't tell me about it. Don't show it to meâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;I couldn't bear it." Looking round the whole of the movement and seeing the many societies in which the bulk of the real work is left to a comparative handful of enthusiasts, 20
one is forced to the conclusion that many people do not want to be faced too squarely and unavoidably with the need for action on their part. Admittedly, our public filmshows and meetings are aimed largely at the unconverted—the ordinary person who still thinks that animal welfare is confined to household pets—and fortunately they are well-attended. Nevertheless, it is an inescapable fact not only in the Crusade, but in many other societies that professing animal lovers and members of societies do not support public demonstrations and meetings as they should. Yet by publicly demonstrating their allegiance to the humanitarian cause, they could be the means of impressing far more people of the soundness of humane principles and actions. The sight of cruelty is a disturbing and undesirable experience, but nevertheless, it has been responsible throughout the ages for the transformation of a complacent person into one dedicated to the fight for freedom, justice and the exercise of compassion to all that lives. We shall not rid the world of cruelty by pretending it does not exist, nor by considering it too terrible or vulgar for us to contemplate. We have to identify ourselves with the suffering and cruelty, realise the depths to which man in his ignorance, apathy or sheer callousness, can sink, and then with the image before us of the heights of selflessness, courage and grandeur to which the truly compassionate man can rise—as epitomised by such great ones as Gandhi and Albert Schweitzer—resolve to tread more firmly the path towards the truly compassionate life. It is an understandable human failing to become a little complacent after becoming a vegetarian or a member of this, that or the other anti-cruelty society. Moral support for a good cause is fine; regular subscriptions are most necessary and welcome. But that freely offered practical help in the actual campaigning, the willingness to take on some responsibility, the desire to work for a principle instead of merely supporting it—these are the most important of all. And sometimes a jolt to the mind, and a tearing of the heart-strings through actually seeing the sort of cruelty one is opposed to, acts as a salutary reminder that the responsibility of KNOWLEDGE is SERVICE. Our stimulating journal, " With Sword and Shield " is now in its new printed form. A free specimen copy will gladly be sent upon request. MARGARET A. COOPER Bounds Green Road, (Secretary). London, N . l l . (Kindly note new address, effective from January 1st, 1961, owing to expiry of lease at former address.) 21
PLANTMILK NEWS Reprinted by kind permission from " Plant milk News " It is a matter for encouragement that the Society is approaching the time when it can view with some confidence the logical and practical outcome of its principles. The formation of a company upon modest lines to begin with is now clearly a possibility, and this is largely due to the generous and warm-hearted response to the General Secretary's letter of April 16th. It is clear that the driving force behind our work is still the same spirit which first brought the Society into being. As long as this remains true, we shall make steady progress towards our goal. At a meeting of the Committee held in March, Dr. H. B. Franklin, Ph.D., A.R.I.C., was officially appointed as the Society's Director of Research. Dr. Franklin has been in charge of the Society's scientific research into the possibilities of using leafprotein as a basis for a general-purpose plantmilk since this research was inaugurated late in 1957. In a recent report, he states that there have been some encouraging results from tests made with a colloid mill, the object being to produce adequate dispersion and stability under all normal conditions of use, including boiling. Further work has also been done on precipitation techniques, and it now appears possible to increase greatly the amount of protein directly available for plantmilk production. As a by-product of the protein process, some very good leaf syrups have been prepared, and it is hoped that these will be useful in supplying part at least of the sugar and mineral requirements of the complete plantmilk. Considerable discussion on the scientific aspects of the research programme took place at a recent meeting of the Research Sub-Committee, and it was recommended that Dr. Franklin and those associated with him should be encouraged to continue the present line of research, for which they were earning the gratitude of all interested in the plantmilk project. Members will be pleased to learn that one of our members, Mr. R. S. W. Pollard, L.A.M.T.P.I., has kindly consented to act as honorary solicitor to the Plantmilk Society. Mr. Pollard has already been of considerable assistance in a number of matters, and in the forthcoming proposals for company promotion his guidance and assistance will be of the utmost value. As previously reported in Plantmilk News, it is likely that facilities at the Nutritional Research Centre at Watford will be valuable in the development of plantmilk, particularly in such matters as nutritional balance and certain standard controls. The Committee has authorised the payment of an affiliation fee by the Plantmilk Society to the Research Centre. Dr. Frank Wokes, who is in charge of the Centre, explained that the Society would thereby become entitled to make use of facilities at the Centre up to the 22
value of the fee. Discussions recently took place between Dr. Wokes and Dr. Franklin, and certain tests are now being carried out at the Centre on behalf of the Society. An extract from the Secretary's report delivered at the A.G.M., October 8th, 1960. This meeting officially marks the conclusion of four years of the Plantmilk Society. The first year was spent mainly in setting up our organisation and collecting information, and in abortive attempts to arrange for the manufacture in this country of an American plantmilk. As a result of the failure of these attempts, the Society decided three years ago to initiate and carry out its own active programme of scientific research. This programme was based upon the revolutionary concept of trying to make plantmilk from green leaves, and it has gone steadily forward ; until now, at a conservative estimate, we are rather more than three-quarters of the way towards a successful product at laboratory level. Of course, the expense of the programme is increasing, and the total cost to date now runs into four figures. The Society's research has been and continues to be carried out under the capable direction of Dr. Franklin at his premises in London. In March this year, as a small recognition of the services which Dr. Franklin is rendering to the Society, he was appointed officially as our Director of Research. At the Committee meeting which will follow this Annual General Meeting, Dr. Franklin will be reporting in detail upon the work done during the year. However, no doubt you would all like to hear something of how we are progressing, and I therefore propose to report briefly to you upon the scientific work carried out this year. A year ago, the Committee authorised the setting up of a small pilot plant at Dr. Franklin's premises, so that limited but continuous production could be achieved. This pilot plant has been designed and set up during the year and is now operating. It has resulted in a considerable addition to the store of knowledge, and in one or two cases fairly satisfactory samples have been produced. To list all the details of the work done during the year would, as Dr. Franklin will report, amount to a miniature thesis, but it can be summarised by stating that the main problem has been how to achieve satisfactory samples in every case, and not just now and then. The main factor involved is how to render the protein curd, the fat, the sugar, and the other ingredients into a virtually colloidal integration which will be stable to boiling and will remain homogeneous in tea and other beverages and in general culinary uses. In this connection two firms, one British and one Swiss, have been helpful in carrying out certain tests. The Swiss firm has been more successful in achieving stabilization of a liquid plantmilk; and as a result of this, the Committee at a meeting in July author23
ised the purchase from this firm of a colloid mill. The functions of this apparatus, which has only recently arrived, will be to render the particle size of protein down to about 1/5,000th of an inch, and to render the oil globules to a similar size (corresponding to the size of the fat globules in dairy milk). The mill will also be capable of assisting at an earlier stage of the production line, by enabling a more efficient protein extraction to be obtained from the original leaf. A further and interesting development has taken place during the last few weeks as the result of trials in the use of comfrey leaf. Mr. Lawrence D. Hills, of the Henry Doubleday Research Association, sent along some generous supplies of this leaf. Dr. Franklin reports that while the protein extraction was not high, the mucilaginous part of the leaf showed promise of assisting in the stabilisation of a complete plantmilk. Suitably processed, therefore, the comfrey plant might provide a valuable ingredient, additionally so in view of recent indications that vitamin B12 is present in the leaf. Although regular supplies of uniform and serviceable plantmilk have not yet been achieved, nevertheless the prospects of a complete and stable product are coming closer. Turning to another aspect of the year's work, we have gone ahead on proposals to set up a plantmilk company. Those of you who recall the birth of the Plantmilk Society may remember that it was then anticipated that our work would proceed in three main stages : firstly, the collection of information; secondly, a programme of scientific research ; and thirdly, the setting up of a commercial structure to manufacture and sell the product. While we have not quite completed the second stage, we have nevertheless embarked upon the first steps of the third stage. We are doing this in order to be ready at the appropriate moment, so that there may be no delay once the commercial stage has been reached. The Plantmilk Society is a voluntary organisation to promote research into the production for human consumption of a satisfactory non-animal alternative to dairy milk. Minimum annual subscription, pay le S 1st, five shillings. Secretary: Mr. L. J. Cross, Uxbridge, Middlesex.
MISCELLANEOUS ADVERTISEMENTS (2/Âť per line:
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COPPER INSOLES, of the Clin. Inst. Arlesheim, Switzerland, improve the blood circulation. They free the body of cramps and pain in the calves. They give relief to cold se veins. Write for leaflet: A. Tupaj, Mary, Surrey. DIFFICULTIES I N W R I T I N G & SPEAKING.â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Help given through correspondence and lts. y Matthews, B.A.,
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ENGLISH and Continental Scooters and Mopeds, most makes. Motor cycles, new and used. Three-wheelers, Powerdrive, Bond, Reliant. Exchanges. Terms. Models bought. Please write, 'phone or call. Your own dealer, R O N M c K E N Z I E (Proprietor: R. McKenzie Butterworth, Vegan Food Reformer), 961 Chester Road Stretford, Manchester. Longford 2100. H E A L T H F O O D STORE. A wide variety of vegan and vegetarian foods is available, including the new plantmilk. Every effort will be m a d e to acquire those vegan foods which are not easily obtainable, so if you have any difficulty in purchasing certain products, please write to Mrs. Muriel Drake wit ns Goods willingly sent by post on , London, S.E.20. N O BITE H E A L I N G O I L soothes bee, wasp, nettle and jellyfish stings, grass rash and sunburn, and also protects f r o m midges and mosquitoes, entirely herbal. 3s. Od. bottle (post 6d. extra) lasts a whole season. Rayner and Pennycook Ltd., 16v Oatlands Chase, Weybridge, Surrey. R A Y V I T S E A W E E D T A B L E T S are ALL seaweed, with nothing added. They will make good any mineral deficiences in your diet and keep you up to scratch. 100 Tablets 3s. 6d., 500 Tablets 14s. 7d. Rayner and Pennycook Ltd., 16v Oatlands Chase, Weybridge, Surrey. SCHOOL of the Rose Cross, 262 E. Wetmore Road, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A., teaches vegan and true Rosicrucianism. N o dues or fees. F r e e books and monthly letter-lesson. We welcome all questions. USE R A Y V I T S U N F L O W E R OIL for salads and all your cooking. 7s. 6d. pint. 27s. 6d. i-gallon. 50s. Od. gallon. Rayner and Pennycook, Ltd., 16v Oatlands Chase, Weybridge, Surrey.
ESTABLISHMENTS CATERING FOR VEGANS ( 1 / J d . per line ; 20% discount on /our consecutive issues.) BROOK LINN.—Callander, Perthshire. Vegetarian and Vegan meals carefully prepared and attractively served. Comfortable guest house. Near Trossachs and Western Highlands. Mrs. Muriel Choffin. Callander 103. C O T S W O L D S & C H E L T E N H A M SPA.—Hazel Garth, Noverton Avenue, Prestbury, Cheltenham. Ideal touring centre. Easy access hills or town. Highest quality Vegetarian and Vegan fare. Home-baked bread, compostgrown produce. Every comfort. Mr. and Mrs. Willis. T e l . : 7431. EASTBOURNE.—General nursing, convalescence, rest and nature-cure. Out-patients treated. Edgehill Vegetarian and Vegan Nursing H o m e , 6 Mill Road. T e l . : 627. E D S T O N E , W O O T T O N W A W E N , W A R W I C K S H I R E (near Stratfordupon-Avon). Modern house with every comfort, and compost-grown produce. Telephone: Claverdon 327. LAKE DISTRICT. Rothay Bank, Grasmere. Attractice guest house for invigorating, refreshing holidays.—Write Isabel James. Tel.: 134. N O R T H WALES.—Vegan and vegetarian guest house, nr. mountains and sea. Lovely woodland garden. Brochure from Jeannie and George Lake, Plas-y-Coed, Penmaen Park, Llanfairfechan. T e l . : 161. M A J O R C A . Spend worst months in sunny climate. Economical accommodation offered. All comforts, magnificent views. Some meals provided by arrangement or facilities f o r preparing. International stamp, please : Mrs. Ritchie, Salud, 153, Palma de Majorca. " W O O D C O T E , " Lelant, S t Ives, Cornwall, is a high-class Vegetarian Food Reform Guest House in a warm and sheltered situation overlooking the Hayle Estuary. Composted vegetables; home-made wholewheat bread; vegans catered for knowledgeably. Mr. and Mrs. Woolfrey. Tel.: Hayle 3147. Early bookings for Summer very advisable.
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