The Vegan Winter 1985

In this issue: Eating out in the USA Jon Wynne-Tyson interviewed

Vegans and vaccination Part II Garden pests Christmas menu

Raising vegan children News, reviews, product information and more...

Editor: Colin Howlett Advertising and Distribution Manager: Barry Kew Design by T h e Tandem Design Company Illustrations by Juliet Breese Typeset by Brains, Reading Printed by L.J. Print Services L t d . , 83-87 Union Street, L o n d o n SE1 1SG The Vegan is published quarterly by T h e Vegan Society Ltd Published: 21st March, J u n e , September, December Copy Date: 1st of preceding month ISSN 0307-4811 © T h e Vegan Society Ltd

The Vegan Society Ltd Registered Charity No. 279228 33-35 G e o r g e Street O x f o r d O X 1 2AY Tel: 0865 722 166 President: Serena Coles Deputy President: Chris Langley Vice-Presidents: Eva Batt Jay Dinshah Winifred Simmons Council: Paul A p p l e b y David Barrett Philip Brown Serena Coles Vincent Fitzgerald Clive G r a y Colin Howlett Lis Howlett (Chair) Chris Langley Anthony Mumford Lorraine M u n n Kim Stallwood Hon. Treasurer: Vincent Fitzgerald Secretary: Barry Kew Office Manager: Susan Kew Fund-Raising Officer: Mike G r e e n

2

Infomiation For the benefit of new readers some general information is provided below:

If you are already a vegan or vegan sympathizer please support the Society and help increase its influence by Veganism may be defined as a joining. Increased membership means more resources to way of living which seeks to educate and inform. The exclude, as far as is possible current membership fee is and practical, all forms of exploitation of, and cruelty to, £6.50 for an individual (£4 if unwaged) and £8.50 for a the animal kingdom for food, clothing or any other purpose. family (£6 if unwaged). Full membership is restricted to In dietary terms, it refers to the practice of dispensing with practising vegans, as defined all animal produce - including above, but sympathisers are very welcome as associate flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, (nonmembers. Both full and human) animal milks, and associate members receive their derivatives, with the The Vegan free of charge. taking of honey being left to Applications for membership individual conscience. should be sent to the Oxford The Vegan Ethic challenges all office, with the envelope marked 'Membership who preach compassion yet Secretary'. acquiesce in institutionalized animal abuse, especially the cruel practices inherent in Local Vegans The Vegan dairy, livestock and poultry Society has an expanding farming. Abhorrence of these network of people throughout practices is probably the single Britain who act as local vegan most common reason for the contacts (LVCs), providing adoption of veganism, but support for new members and many people are also drawn to co-ordinating promotional it for health, ecological, work at local level. For the spiritual and other reasons. name and address of your nearest LVC see the Contact section in the magazine.

For those in doubt, the words 'vegan' and 'veganism' are pronounced 'VEEgan' and Vegan Publications Apart 'VEEganism' with a hard 'g', from The Vegan magazine, the as in 'gorilla'.

Vegan Society publishes a wide range of free leaflets and The Vegan Society was formed low-priced books and booklets in England in November 1944 of interest to the newcomer. by a group of vegetarians who See the section in the magazine entitled Publications & had recognized and come to reject the ethical compromises Promotional Goods. implicit in lacto-vegetarianism and consequently decided to The Vegan Shop is a mail-order renounce the use of all animal enterprise selling all Vegan products. Since those early Society publications and days it has grown considerably merchandise, as well as other in both size and influence, publications and a wide range reflecting the increasingly of non-animal-tested products. wide recognition of veganism's For full details, including ethical, health, ecological and vegan products mail order list, other advantages. The Society write to 86 Tilehurst Road, now has the status of an Reading RG3 2LU. educational charity, whose aims include encouraging the The Vegan Self-Sufficiency development and use of Network, an organization alternatives to all commodities independent of the Vegan normally derived wholly or Society, was established to partly from animals. provide a focus for all those If you would like more information please send a large SAE to the Society at 33-35 George Street, Oxford OXI 2AY.

interested in, working towards, or practising self-sufficient lifestyles based on vegan principles. The Network produces a quarterly newsletter in which members

can share ideas and experiences and discuss subjects related to the many aspects of vegan selfsufficiency. There are sections devoted to vegan gardening, and to crafts and selfsufficiency skills. If you would like further information on VSSN please write to A subscription to the newsletter costs £2 a year (overseas, surface mail £2.50) - cheques payable to 'The Vegan Self-Sufficiency Network'.

Vegan Magazines In addition to The Vegan, please note the following publications which are produced independently of the Vegan Society: Vegan Views 47 Princess Road, Poole, Dorset BH12 1BG. An informal quarterly with articles, interviews, news, reviews, letters, cartoon strip.

60p in stamps for current issue.

Vegan Times 25 Tabley Road, London N7 ONA^ Veganism, spiritual growth, healing, ecology, etc. 50p in stamps for sample copy.

Y Figan Cymreig (The Welsh Vegan) 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth SY20 9LW, Wales. 35p in stamps for a sample copy.

Veganism Abroad There are active vegan societies in Australia, Sweden and the USA, as well as contacts in Belgium, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands and New Zealand.

The views expressed in The Vegan do not necessarily reflect those of the Editor or the Vegan Society Council.

Nothing printed should be construed as Vegan Society policy unless so stated. The Society accepts no liability for any matter in the magazine.

The acceptance of advertisements does not imply endorsement. Contributions intended for publication are welcomed, but unsolicited materials will not be returned unless accompanied by an SAE.

The Vegan, Winter 1985

1

Pulling Together As we approach 1986, guessing at what it holds in store for us, it is only natural to look back on the old year — by any standards an exceptional, indeed unique one in the Vegan Society's 40-year- history.

These last twelve months have witnessed growth and development at a rate that few in our movement or beyond could confidently have predicted. Many may have doubted that an organization so rich in spirit, but poor jn financial resources could have achieved so much in so short a time. Most notable, of course, there has been the move into the well-appointed Oxford office, which has become the 'nerve centre' of our movement, and the launch of the restyled and much-enlarged Vegan, which has been widely hailed as a successful attempt to both better serve the needs of the Society's existing membership and to more readily attract new idealists and humanitarians to our ranks. But efforts have.been no less intense on other fronts - more than 60,000 leaflets have been sent out from the 'nerve centre', where incoming mail has spiralled to upwards of 1,000 letters a month, and telephone calls and personal

enquirers have come thick and fast as our small but committed workforce has worked long, hard hours to cope with the avalanche of requests for information and advice on any or all of the many aspects of the vegan case. The success with which we have risen to this challenge can be gauged from our enormously increased impact in the national media.

In this period, the Society, its publications and veganism in general have featured in The Times, Just 17, Punch, Weightwatchers, Slimming, Farmer's Weekly, Epoch, New Internationalist, Here's Health, the BBC World Service and ITV. Clearly, much has been achieved, but there is more.

We have a whole series of exciting projects in the pipeline and on the drawing-board, not least the new range of leaflets and booklets, the launch of which is now imminent.

And yet, amidst all this heartening talk of achievements and exciting 'things to come', we must not lose sight of a fundamental and age-old obstacle in our path - money.

The operational infrastructure, promotion, publicity and advertising needed to put veganism firmly on the map, to

make it a household word and common practice, do not, alas, come cheap. This harsh and all too often forgotten fact of life dictated the far-sighted decision to appoint a professional fund-raiser earlier this year. The wisdom of his experience will guide us throughout the great FundRaising Campaign, the launch of which coincides'with the publication of this issue of the magazine.

As a member of the Society you will find enclosed a personal copy of the FundRaising Appeal leaflet, which you are urged to read.closely and to respond to generously.

In the closing weeks of 1985 your response will play a key role in deciding whether or not 1986 will be studded with successes in that ongoing and even more ambitious campaign - to bring an end to all animal abuse and secure the widespread adoption of a more compassionate and eco-logical way of life. The Society is poised to take a further giant step jn that greater campaign, but without your generosity can only mark time, which is to fall behind. Let us all pull together and make that giant step possible.

Contents

• News • Healthwise Diet, E x e r c i s e & Health • Rebel with a Cause An i n t e r v i e w with Jon W y n n e - T y s o n

a Footloose in 10 Florida Leah L e n e m a n e a t s out - US-style ® Vegans & 12 Vaccination - Part H Dr Gill L a n g l e y l o o k s at t h e a l t e r n a t i v e s ® In the Vegan Kitchen 13

® Christinas Menu 8 Shoparound ® Growhow Pest prevention and control ® Reviews ® Family Matters Childcare b o o k s examined • Postbag ® Noticeboard • Publications & Promotional Goods ® Contact • Classifieds

Cover illustration Jamie Coglan

3 The Vegan, Winter 1985

15 16 17 18 20 21 23 24 25 26

by

1

Wakm

News Award Winner Jon Wynne-Tyson's The Extended Circle: A Dictionary of Humane Thought is the 1985 recipient of the Animal Rights Writing Award of the International Society for Animal Rights, Inc. The award is made annually to the published work that best advances animal rights.

THE EXTENDED

One World Week Paul Appleby reports: A b o u t 40 people attended a 'Recipes for Justice' cafe and exhibition in Oxford's Wesley Memorial Church on Monday 21st October as part of O n e World Week activities in the city. Organized by Oxford Vegetarian & Vegan Society, the event featured simple but satisfying vegan food (split pea dahl, rice and salad, salad rolls, cakes and beverages), bookstalls, and a poster display showing the wastefulness of livestock farming in a hungry world. 2000 of the group's 'Recipes for Justice' leaflet were distributed in Oxford during O n e World Week and it is hoped that this will boost sales of First Hand First Rate the Vegan Society recipe book featured on the leaflet. In all, some 12,000 'Recipes for Justice' leaflets were printed and distributed via animal rights, world development and green groups throughout the country.

4

Milk Marketing Fraud Most of you by now will have seen and been angered by the current advertising campaign of the National Dairy Council/ Milk Marketing Board.

Its unashamed use of a blatant lie ("everyone's body needs bottle") and callous abuse of one of the industry's victims as a promotional emblem are an affront at least to common decency.

Every national newspaper has received our protest, as have Radio Times, TV Times and other magazines. A formal complaint has been lodged with the Independent Broadcasting Authority and the Advertising Standards Authority. A protracted correspondence with the IBA rests now with their astonishingly naive (wilfully ignorant?) comment: "While we could not accept any overt statement that could seriously be taken to mean literally, "cows' milk is essential to every individual" we d o not believe that the present message about 'bottle' and 'bottlestops' is being inferred in that way by viewers in general."

The ASA, which kept us waiting for 7 weeks while they thought about it, has decided that the complaint is not justified.

O u r next step would be to take the MMB or IBA to court perhaps, or to mount our own advertising campaign to put the record straight.

(And have the ASA on our backs for misleading the public?).

Maybe the fruits of our fund-raising effort will enable us to show why the calf in these grotesque advertisements drinks no milk whilst the people guzzle it in ignorance.

Barry Kew

Vegan Views After some uncertainty about its future, Vegan Views is back in circulation. Harry Mather has now taken over as editor and all further correspondence, articles, drawings, etc. should be sent to the new address: Vegan Views, 47 Princess Road, Poole, Dorset. BH12 1BG. The magazine's financial position is at present sound and the next issue should appear in February.

The policy for Vegan Views remains unchanged, namely to act as a forum for vegans to express their opinions. It is not in competition with The Vegan, which is a formal expression of the Vegan Society, but affords members a more informal contact with other vegans. It is more personal, relaxed, homespun and indulges in occasional levity, but also carries serious thought-provoking articles.

So if you have something relating to veganism that you want to share, send a letter, article or drawing to Vegan Views (address as above).

There may not be room for everything, but they will try to fit in as much as they can.

Harry Mather says he missed Vegan Views, which was not appearing regularly and offered to act as editor rather than see it fade away. He has now been well instructed by Malcolm H o m e , who has had long experience of editing VV. Harry finds there is more work to it than one might think, but he is enjoying it and looks forward to hearing from you by pen or by picture.

author of the best-selling Vegan Cooking. It can be obtained from the address above for 60p in stamps.

Merchandise The VSUK has a new merchandise catalogue - The Compleat Vegetarian - listing a wide range of goods, all of which are acceptable to vegans. For a free copy send an SAE to: Merchandise Dept, VSUK, Parkdale, Dunham Road, Altrincham, Cheshire WA144QG.

Tape Launch In September the 'Pacific Isle' tape label was launched with the release of Room for All, a 'children's song' performed by Sally Bayley. The release was made in conjunction with Youth for Animal Rights and will, it is hoped, serve as a theme song for their contribution to Animal Aid's nationwide Living with Cruelty campaign.

'Room for All' is available for just ÂŁ1.50 from Mobile Animals Shop, 2 Onslow Gardens, London El8 1NE.

Food Guide

U W K R 1985 Sunwheel have produced an informative leaflet on their natural Japanese Foods range, designed to teach the uninitiated about the joys of Japanese cuisine. The leaflet is available free of charge in exchange for an SAE. Write to: Sunwheel Foods Ltd, Granary House, Wetmore Road, Burton-on-Trent, Staffs DE141TE. The issue of Vegan Views, No 34, the last to be edited by Malcolm Home, includes an interview with Leah Leneman,

Demo Sell-Out Two of the recent vegan cookery courses held at the

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

Vegetarian Centre in London were a great success, both being over-subscribed.

(Unfortunately the first of the series had to be cancelled due to lack of bookings on account of the late appearance of the autumn issue of the magazine.)

Joyce D'Silva's theme of Baking without Dairy Produce and Eggs' proved to be a popular subject and the participants were even treated to vegan pancakes! Leah L e n e m a n ' s 'International Vegan C o o k e r y ' attracted people looking for m o r e variety in their cooking and Leah ably demonstrated dishes from around the world, making much use of tofu and soya yoghurt. T h e courses were attended by vegans and nonvegans alike, some participants being particularly keen to meet the a u t h o r of their favourite cookbooks. In addition to being able to sample all the various dishes that were p r e p a r e d , a cold vegan buffet was provided by 'Food for All Seasons' - a small but highly proficient company specializing in catering for vegetarians and vegans. So everyone left feeling suitably replete. It is hoped to organize a f u r t h e r series of such courses in the late spring, so look out for more details in the next issue of the magazine.

withdrawn. Dr Ray Heizman from the Institute for Research into Animal Diseases at C o m p t o n in Berkshire will have to disband his research team next month.

Heizman established a n u m b e r of tests for identifying residues in meat and he had plans to develop these still further.

T h e Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food has justified the axing of Heizman's team on grounds of cost. Heizman, nevertheless, is sceptical: "Perhaps we were just too successful," he said.

(New Scientist, 24.10.85)

Decisions, Decisions...

Highlights of Vegan Society Council discussions in the last quarter Publicity T h e Publicity Working Party has completed work on the text of two leaflets, which are now with the designer. O t h e r leaflet drafts are being reworked.

Fund-raising At a meeting prior to the A G M the professional fundraiser gave Council a detailed progress report. T h e Appeal Leaflet text was later finalized (see insert) and additional information sheets were d r a f t e d to accompany the leaflets in our approach to individual trusts and companies.

and the following: N e w logo A new logo, the result of long deliberation, will a p p e a r on all new Vegan Society publicity materials. T h e logo m a k e s its first appearance as this magazine's masthead and on the Appeal leaflet.

Subs I n c r e a s e

Following an analysis of the Society's income f r o m Commodities membership fees at a time of Sandra Hood has resigned as greatly increased activity it Commodities Research was shown to be necessary to secretary. T h e Council extends raise them, as of J a n u a r y 1986, its thanks and appreciation for to: £6.50 (waged), £4.00 all her hard work in this (unwaged), £8.50 ( w a g e d capacity. It is largely due to family), £6.00 ( u n w a g e d her efforts that The Vegan family), £100 (life Shopper's Guide has become membership). Please see (and something of a best seller. complete!) enclosed subrenewal form.

T h e new Council met immediately after the 1985 A G M , electing Lis Howlett to the Chair and appointing Vincent Fitzgerald as H o n .

Youth for Animal Rights has Treasurer. T h e following entered an exciting new stage Saturday saw the first Council in its development, b e c o m i n g meeting to be held at the an Educational Trust and O x f o r d office, when decisions moving its main office t o were taken both on immediate London. More details in t h e action on A G M Resolutions next issue.

Y.F.A.R. Move

Poster offer A 4' x 2 ' version of Greenpeace's discontinued anti-fur poster ('It t a k e s up to 40 dumb animals t o m a k e a f u r coat - but only one to w e a r it') is now available for £2.50 (inc p&p) f r o m : Lynx, PO Box 509, Dunmow, Essex CN6 1UH.

Research Axed A British scientist who is an acknowledged world authority in the field of drug residues in meat has had his grant

O u r Exclusively v e g a n f o o d s a r e m a d e b y v e g a n s for v e g a n s

<Jicalth*m>ds » SUQ3(

& derivative products i n c l u d i n g R i c e p u d d i n g w i t h sultanas. C a r o b & chocolate confections Informative literature on our complete range ol Vegan loods (s a e please) from Plamil Foods Ltd, Bowies W e l l Gdns., Folkestone Kent.

5 The Vegan, Winter 1985

RESTAURANTS 8 MARSHALL STREET LONDON W1 9 - > J TOTTENHAM STREET LONDON W1 11 THE MARKET COVENT GARDEN LONDON WCS SHINNERS BRIDGE DARTINGTON DEVON

SHOPS 8 MARSHALL STREET LONDON W1 37 MARSHALL STREET LONDON W1 (WHOLE GRAIN) 35 HIGH STREET TOTNES DEVON , , , , . ,

1

Vegan Society EGM/AGM 1985 T h e 1985 Annual General Meeting in Oxford was preceded by a brief Extraordinary General Meeting, chaired by Chris Langley, which passed the Resolution That due to past confusions arising from lack of clarity in the Articles of Association, the Editorship of The Vegan magazine, and the post of Treasurer shall henceforth he Council-appointed positions, and that this be inserted as a clause in the Articles of Association.

In the lunch-break between the E G M and A G M two 'fringe' meetings were held to discuss the Vegan Farm Project and the Plamil HalfM a r a t h o n respectively.

M e m b e r s at the wella t t e n d e d A G M were welcomed by the President, Serena Coles, who announced that this was the end of the Society's 41st year, and spoke of Vegan Societies in other countries following our lead.

Chris Langley took the Chair, reading announcements of forthcoming events and conveying apologies received f r o m Kim Stallwood, Kathleen and Jack Jannaway, John C u m m i n s and Vincent Fitzgerald (who was to arrive later).

A f t e r Standing Orders, Minutes of the 1984 A G M and the 1984/5 Annual Report had been a d o p t e d , Peter Assinder delivered a progress report on the Fund-raising Campaign, c o m p a r i n g it to a theatrical production which had to be scripted, casted, produced and an audience (donors) found.

A p r o g r a m m e had to be devised for presentation to the layman to encourage understanding of veganism and elicit a sympathetic and g e n e r o u s response. The A p p e a l Leaflet would be the sharpest arrow to be aimed at our target, the constituency of support. O v e r 300 companies and trusts with particular patterns of giving had been identified as the most likely to d o n a t e m o n e y . Peter emphasized that one of the main aims must be to enrol as many new m e m b e r s as pounds raised and that everyone had an individual contribution to

make in promoting the Society agreed to the following as a truly national wording, from R. Larkins, of organization. an amended proposal The Annual Accounts were That the Society makes then adopted. available the film which wa s In the Council elections 5 shown at the 1984 AGM for candidates stood for 5 places, adaptation, and saving much the AGM choosing to vote that was good in it to become a for/against each candidate Society asset, subject to the rather than voting en bloc. finished product being After addressing the meeting approved by Council before and answering 3 questions release to the public. each from the floor, Paul The motion was carried.

Appleby, Colin Howlett, Lis As a result of the Vegan Howlett and Anthony Farm Project meeting held Mumford awaited the ballot earlier in the day, Paul count whilst business Appleby amended his proposal continued. (Anthony (seconded by Graham Mumford spoke on behalf of Hooper) to read Vincent Fitzgerald, who Recognizing that the declared arrived later.) object of the Society includes The outgoing President promoting 'knowledge of, and (Serena Coles) Deputy interest in. .. the vegan method President (Chris Langley) and of agriculture', this AGM Vice-Presidents (Eva Batt, Jay requests Council to give urgent Dinshah and Winifred consideration to supporting the Simmons) were all re-elected establishment of an unopposed. experimental farm to be run on principles in accordance with Bryden Johnson and Co. those of the Society. The were reappointed as Auditors Council should also establish a but the Council was asked to permanent Working Party to recommend new Auditors to monitor and publicize the 1986 A G M . developments relevant to the Grace Smith then spoke in vegan method of agriculture by favour of her proposal placing an advertisement in the (seconded by Serena Coles) next issue of The Vegan That the Society makes magazine. available the film which was shown at the 1984 AGM by This received an pruning: and saving much that overwhelming majority vote in was good in it to become a favour.

Society asset.

The Council election results were then announced showing After much discussion that all 5 candiates had been involving the need for and elected. costs of visual materials, and a suggested amendment from Under 'Any other business' Lis Howlett, the proposer Chris Philips alerted members

ALL VEGETABLE SAVOURY MIXES FROM

to the possibilities of free advertising in the London based Loot magazine, and encouraged vegan participation in the Sunday Times Fun Run. A proposal from Sandra Ellis to end the Vegan Society use of photographs was withdrawn as it was judged to be out of order.

A vote of thanks, proposed

by Lis Howlett, was given to Grace Smith on stepping down after many years of selfless work on the Council (many of them as Treasurer), and Chris Langley extended thanks to all Council members now standing down, making special mention of John Cummins' most recent work as Treasurer.

A brief discussion on the possibilities of a non-animal photographic process was followed by a longer one on the ethics of using the magazine's present distributor, a company associated with factory farming interests. The difficulties of dealing only and always with entirely 'clean' companies were outlined by the Secretary and the AGM was asked for future suggestions regarding alternative companies.

The meeting closed at 5.15pm. at which point the buffet was served by Food for All Seasons.

Stallholders at the AGM were Vegfam, Plamil, the Dr Had wen Trust, Vegan Views and The Vegan Society.

â&#x20AC;˘ng

L VEGETABLE.

EASY TO PREPARE VERSATILE I B M GREAT RESULTS Stocked at all good natural food stores.

No animal products, additives, flavour enhancers, artificial colouring or dairy products.

Suitable for Vegetarians and Vegans. wig ai*

New Ideas in Wholefoods.

6

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

Healthwise

Drs Chris and Gill Langley take a vegan view of current medical writing on diet and health.

he running boom of the last decade has prompted lots of medical studies on the relationship between exercise and health, and recent growing interest in good nutrition has done likewise. How do vegetarian and vegan diets tie in with exercise and health?

Until research began to implicate the saturated fats in meat and dairy products in heart disease a 'good red steak' was widely considered to be the ideal food for athletes. And yet as early as 1907 a study comparing the endurance of vegetarians and meat-eaters suggested otherwise. Fifteen meat-eaters and 34 vegetarians were asked to stretch their arms out horizontally for as long as they could. Only two meaUeaters could do so for 15 minutes, and none for 30 minutes. Of the vegetarians 22 did it for 15 minutes, and 15 for 30 minutes. One was reported to have held the position for three hours!

and vegan staples are now beginning to make their way to the middle of athletes' plates.

The heart disease story still revolves very much around diet and exercise, although other factors play a part. People who regularly engage in vigorous physical activities, such as strenuous work, running, swimming, cycling, tennis or football, have a much healthier pattern of cholesterol-related substances in their blood 2 , and numerous studies have shown that such people tend to be slimmer, further reducing their risk of heart disease. Middleaged sedentary men who took up jogging showed changes in their blood indicating reduced risk of heart disease; they also lost body fat, despite eating more. Research on vegans-' has demonstrated that their blood also has low levels of cholesterol and more of the substances which reduce cholesterol. So a combination Of regular exercise and a vegan diet appears to constitute a near. watertight insurance policy against heart disease.

Weight has been added to the findings of this and other early studies by recent research' indicating that a diet rich in carbohydrate foods (grains, beans, fruits, vegetables) promotes athletic endurance, as carbohydrates replenish the muscle and liver stores of glycogen, the body's fuel. Since vegetarian and vegan diets contain much higher levels of unrefined carbohydrates than average, it is not surprising that vegetarian

Given its lower availability in a plant-based diet (see 'The Mineral Question', The Vegan, Autumn 1985) and the greater requirement for it that athletes are thought to have, iron is a subject of particular interest to vegan athletes. Sports anaemia in omnivores is a welldocumented but little understood phenomenon; evidence for iron-deficiency anaemia in vegetarian and vegan athletes is scantier, since little research has been undertaken in this

Diet, Exercise and Health

T

7 The Vegan, Winter 1985

area. A r e p o r t published in 1984, however, described a case of anaemia in a vegetarian long-distance runner who covered 90 miles a week. Although consuming high levels of iron in his food, his blood showed iron deficiency and he was given iron supplements.

The authors of the study concluded that when regular longdistance running is combined with a diet that supplies only marginal amounts of iron, "as is often the case in vegans and some vegetarians", anaemia may result. Further research wjlj throw welcome light on this question.

Female athletes are a particularly interesting case. On the one hand, exercise taken regularly seems to prevent thinning of the bones, which is quite common in older women.

On the other, one study 5 found that of a group of long-distance women runners (covering 40+ miles a week), those who ate less than 7 ounces of meat a week more often had irregular periods or none at all (amenorrhoea) than those who ate more meat. Runners with regular menstrual cycles ate five times more meat than those with amenorrhoea, even though the latter had no less animal protein because they made up for lack of meat in their diet by making heavier use of dairy products. Sensibly, the researchers did not conclude that vegetarianism causes menstrual irregularities in women runners, since several other factors remain to be explored.

Vegetarians have numbered among the world's most successful athletes.

Swimmer Murray Rose won two Olympic gold medals, world-record breaking runners John Landy and Herb Elliot, were living legends, and Johnny Weissmuller became vegetarian and went on to set no less than six world swimming records. But, with the exception of long-distance swimmer Jack McClelland (see 'Vegan Athlete' in The Vegan Way...

Why? & How?.., available from the Vegan Society, 60p), no truly world-class athletes have so far emerged from the ranks of the vegan movement.

Considering that vegans are such a tiny minority of the population, this is hardly surprising however. As veganjsm spreads, vegan athletes can be

expected to make an increasing impact at both national and intcrnationallevel.

In the meantime orthodox medical opinion remains highly ambivalent about the ability of a vegan, or even a vegetarian diet, to sustain regular endurance exercise. Those of you game enough to run 13 miles by next April will have the chance to help prove the vegan case, when Plamil Foods Ltd sponsors the first-ever halfmarathon for vegans and vegetarians only.

Researchers have been approached to conduct a scientific study of the runners taking part, so it promises to be a major event in the vegan athletic calendar. For more information about the race, contact: Plamil Foods Lid, Bowles Well Gardens, Dover Road, Folkestone, Kent CTI96PQ.

References 1 2 3 4

5

Federation Proceedings 1985 vol 44 p364 Federation Proceedings 1985 vol 44 p358 Metabolism, 1978 vol 27 p711 Journal of the American Medical. Association 1984 vol 252 p481 The Lancet 10 March 1984 p559

TOTALLY SYNTHETIC WALKING BOOTS Available by Mail Order!

CB' WALKING BOOT Strong upper w i t h soft ankie rolls, sewn-in t o n g u e , soft insole w i t h the ecologically approved 'klets' sole unit.

£26.95 plus £1.75p£rp Sizes 4 - 1 1 N o half sizes

FELLWALKA' WALKING BOOT Very similar to the 'CB' b u t m a d e of lighter w e i g h t synthetic materials. Ideal for casual walking and rambling.

£19.99 plus £1.75 p&p Sizes 4-11 N o half sizes Available f r o m : W e a t a p o r t s . 17 F l e e t S t . .

Swindon Tel. 107031 32588/ 14 day approval against payment.

1

REBEL WITH A CAUSE C H Y o u r m o s t r e c e n t b o o k . The Extended Circle: A Dictionary of Humane Thought, h a s m e t with critical a c c l a i m , with o n e reviewer going so far as to des c r i b e it as ' a n i n s t a n t classic'. W h a t p r o m p t e d y o u t o e m b a r k o n this m a g n u m o p u s , a n d at w h o m is it p r i m a r i l y aimed?

J W T T h e p r o m p t i n g w a s my f e e l i n g t h a t it w a s n e e d e d , a n d t h a t if I d i d n ' t get o n a n d d o it, n o - o n e e l s e w o u l d . It h a s t a k e n s e v e n y e a r s of i n t e r m i t t e n t w o r k , b e i n g m y m a j o r task this past year.

T h o s e I most want to know about the book are teachers, young people, and of c o u r s e t h e i r p a r e n t s . T h i s is w h y t h e p a p e r b a c k h a s a v e r y low p r i c e , t h o u g h it m e a n s m a n y c o p i e s h a v e t o b e sold b e f o r e costs are covered. I was pleased, t h o u g h , t h a t t w o of t h e b e s t r e v i e w s in t h e n a t i o n a l m e d i a so f a r h a v e b e e n in The Daily Telegraph a n d Punch. T h e i r r e a d e r s ' life s t y l e s a n d v a l u e s m a y be s a i d t o b e in g r e a t e s t n e e d of b e i n g changed!

C H Y o u h a v e w r i t t e n a n u m b e r of o t h e r w o r k s t o u c h i n g d i r e c t l y o r indir e c t l y o n t h e issue of a n i m a l rights. T h e m o s t w e l l - k n o w n of t h e s e is, p e r h a p s , Food for a Future. Tell us h o w it c a m e into being.

J W T A f t e r I had finished my earlier b o o k . The Civilised Alternative, I knew t h a t a b o o k t h a t e x p a n d e d its c h a p t e r s 3 a n d 4 w a s n e e d e d . T h e t h o u g h t of g e t t i n g d o w n t o it myself w a s so h o r r i f y i n g t h a t , in m y p u b l i s h e r ' s h a t , I l o o k e d a r o u n d f o r s o m e o n e e l s e t o w r i t e it!

T h e r e were sympathetic noises but no t a k e r s . T h e n , o u t of t h e b l u e , t h e p u b lisher R e g D a v i s - P o y n t e r asked m e to w r i t e j u s t s u c h a b o o k . W h a t is m o r e , being a g o o d old pro, he gave me a d e a d l i n e . S o I got o n w i t h it. It w a s well received, almost the best review being in The Times - s u r p r i s i n g , in 1975.

L a t e r , o n e of t h e m a j o r p a p e r b a c k p u b l i s h e r s t o o k it o v e r , a n d w h e n t h e y h a d finished w i t h it I r e v i s e d it a n d p u b l i s h e d t h e n e w p a p e r b a c k m y s e l f . It w a s p u b l i s h e d in t h e U S A , b u t by a p u b l i s h e r n o t k n o w n in t h a t field, a n d a f t e r a s o u r - g r a p e s r e v i e w in a l e a d i n g vege t a r i a n m a g a z i n e it fizzled o u t in a vacu u m of n e g l e c t . B u t t h e U K e d i t i o n

8

sells steadily a n d I must try to m a k e the time to revise it b e f o r e it next goes out of print.

C H Y o u r b o o k s are widely a d m i r e d , b o t h within the animal rights m o v e m e n t a n d b e y o n d , a n d you have bec o m e a s o u r c e of inspiration to m a n y .

F r o m w h e r e h a v e you d r a w n your own inspiration?

I was the only child of a brilliant, aware woman ... She helped me to see things straight; to detect the essentials; to identify the humbug and the irrelevancies; to have the courage to say what is in one's own heart and mind, not what others want you to say.

After a varied career Jon Wynne-Tyson started the publishing firm of Centaur Press in 1954 at the age of thirty, since when he has continued to run it singlehanded. Under the Centaur imprint a number of distinguished contributions to humane thought have been made available, including Henry Salt's Animals' Rights Considered in Relation to Social Progress, and Esme WynneTyson's The Philosophy of Compassion.

Also a writer, his own published works include The Civilised Alternative, a study of society's values and options; Food for the Future, an exposition of the case for vegetarianism and veganism, and most recently The Extended Circle: A Dictionary of Humane Thought, the 1985 recipient of the Animal Rights Writing Award of the Pennsylvaniabased International Society for Animal Rights, Inc. He is married with two daughters.

J W T I s u p p o s e inspiration, in an imaginative p e r s o n , c o m e s f r o m o n e ' s focus of a t t e n t i o n . If, i n - b r e d , t h e r e is also an i n d e p e n d e n c e of m i n d , a tend e n c y to q u e s t i o n r a t h e r t h a n u n t h i n k ingly accept e s t a b l i s h e d c u s t o m s a n d values, then o n e is well o n the way to b e c o m i n g a l o n e r , a t h o r n in the flesh of the E s t a b l i s h m e n t . I was t h e only child of a brilliant, a w a r e w o m a n , w h o m s o m e of h e r most o u t s t a n d i n g c o n t e m p o r a r i e s r e g a r d e d as o n e of the most e x c e p t i o n a l w o m e n of h e r e r a . She prof o u n d l y influenced n e a r l y all w h o k n e w h e r , not least h e r son! W e f o u g h t like tigers, of c o u r s e , but my d e b t to h e r is e n o r m o u s . She h e l p e d m e to see things straight; t o detect the essentials; to identify t h e h u m b u g a n d the irrelevancies; to have the c o u r a g e t o say what is in o n e ' s own h e a r t a n d m i n d , not what o t h e r s want you to say.

C H A s a writer yourself, which b o o k s o r writers have most influenced you?

J W T Most of my serious r e a d i n g has b e e n in later life, so I h a v e b e e n not so m u c h influenced by o t h e r writers as p l e a s e d to discover in their writings c o n f i r m a t i o n that we h a v e b e e n t r e a d ing similar p a t h s . In my early years, p e r h a p s b e c a u s e of the p r e s s u r e e n g e n d e r e d by close association with my continually creative a n d articulate m o t h e r , my r e a d i n g was largely o r t h o d o x and escapist. Tiger Tim's Weekly, the G r e y f r i a r s stories, E . N e s b i t , the William b o o k s , The Wind in the Willows a n d The Boy's Own Paper did m e well for several years! A n a d o l e s c e n t passion for P . G . W o d e h o u s e s o m e h o w led to such less f r i v o l o u s a u t h o r i t i e s as Shaw, Tolstoy, Gandhi and Aldous H u x l e y , a n d a pacifism s t r e n g t h e n e d by being fifteen years old at a m i n o r public school in 1939 was c e m e n t e d by Dick S h e p p a r d ' s We Say No a n d , later, by

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

D o n a l d S o p e r at T o w e r Hill a n d in H y d e P a r k . The Extended Circle is the best guide to my later reading!

CH You a r e , I k n o w , also a writer of fiction. D o you d o this for 'light relief or is t h e r e a d e e p e r p u r p o s e ?

J W T I w r o t e a n u m b e r of novels s o m e years ago u n d e r p e n - n a m e s . N o w , u n d e r my own n a m e , a f t e r 30 y e a r s mainly given o v e r to publishing, I h o p e to write several m o r e . S o m e writers express h o r r o r at fiction being used as a vehicle for ideas. I think this is nonsense. Most of t h e really great novels have b e e n novels of ideas, of s t r o n g beliefs, of p r o m p t i n g s for c h a n g e , of exp o s u r e of h u m a n folly a n d evil. B u t they m u s t n ' t be m e r e tracts. T o my mind the most satisfying novel challenges o u r m i n d s a n d h e a r t s t h r o u g h the portrayal of real p e o p l e in real situations. If it d o e s so with h u m o u r , well a n d g o o d . It c a n n o t be d o n e w i t h o u t e x p e r i e n c e of life and without convictions in the a u t h o r . Sadly, t h e r e are m a n y novelists w h o have n o t h i n g to say, lack passion or conviction except o v e r their bodily a p p e t i t e s , a n d want only to c o n f o r m with the a t t e n u a t e d , sterile p a t t e r n of the day. A t the b e s t , such writers say n o t h i n g beautifully. A s Roy C a m p b e l l w r o t e : Y o u h a v e the snaffle and the c u r b all right, but w h e r e ' s the b l o o d y h o r s e ? ' So Say Banana Bird (1984) did have a ' d e e p e r p u r p o s e ' and got a g o o d if small press. T h e S u n d a y s ( w h e r e w h o m you k n o w c o u n t s for m o r e t h a n what you write) ignored it. C . P . S n o w said s o m e t h i n g a b o u t the British not liking you to c h a n g e c a t e g o r i e s , a n d not all the o r t h o d o x m e d i a have forgiven m e for surviving as a publisher for 30 years and then turning a u t h o r . T h o u g h Banana Bird has a strong e n v i r o n m e n tal ' m e s s a g e ' (only o n e r e v i e w e r expressed e m p a t h y for it), my best n o v e l , Anything Within Reason, has yet to be published.

CH I k n o w of n o m o r e a r t i c u l a t e , ind e e d e l o q u e n t c h a m p i o n of veganism t h a n you. T h e c h a p t e r in Food for a Future entitled ' T h e F u r t h e r S t e p ' is, in my view, the most forceful p r e s e n t a tion of the logic of veganism e v e r c o m mitted to p a p e r , and yet you are not yourself a vegan. C a n you explain this paradox?

J W T All t o o easily! I am a w o r k a h o l i c a n d for over 30 years have got t h r o u g h what would normally be s h a r e d by f o u r or five p e o p l e . I c a n n o t also be in t h e kitchen! My wife is boss t h e r e , a n d alt h o u g h she goes along with vegetarianism b e c a u s e she k n o w s it is imp o r t a n t to m e , she is simply not prep a r e d to t a k e ' T h e F u r t h e r S t e p ' . I have to balance this c o m p r o m i s e against the fact that my o u t p u t of w o r k r e q u i r e s a stable b a c k g r o u n d . If that b a c k g r o u n d

9 The Vegan, Winter 1985

â&#x20AC;&#x17E;. we are not going to contribute much to the course of Western society if we spend our days in a hammock and muslin face mask is d i s t u r b e d by c o n s t a n t a r g u m e n t , o r e n d e d because dietetic consistency c o m e s b e f o r e m a r r i a g e , my o u t p u t as a writer a n d publisher will s u f f e r .

T h r o u g h my w o r k , a n d n o w less freq u e n t sailing, tennis, e t c , I m e e t m a n y p e o p l e outside the animal rights m o v e m e n t . In each case o n e has to j u d g e at what point o n e m a y d a m a g e a nascent e m p a t h y by (as t h e y would think) going o v e r the t o p . I could give m a n y actual a n d hypothetical e x a m p l e s . I'll cite o n e . A good review in a national p a p e r for o n e of my b o o k s would not have app e a r e d if I had r e f u s e d to lunch with a certain literary e d i t o r f o r f e a r that s o m e part of the meal might not be totally v e g a n . N o n e of us is wholly consistent.

It is impossible. W h a t m a t t e r s is that each of us should b e going in the right direction and with the right intentions.

If you simply c a n n o t find winter-weight non-leather s h o e s for awkwardly s h a p e d feet, the choice m a y be b e t w e e n chilblains (or w o r s e ) a n d accepting a by-product of the meat industry (animals are killed for their flesh, not for their hides). Of course consistency is i m p o r t a n t and t o be strived f o r , but we are not going to c o n t r i b u t e much to the c o u r s e of W e s t e r n society if we s p e n d o u r days in a h a m m o c k a n d muslin face m a s k . E a c h of us must m a k e his/her choice.

CH With The Extended Circle n o w p u b l i s h e d , what lies a h e a d for y o u ?

Y o u r b o o k s s e e m to m e t o be designed to fill i m p o r t a n t gaps in existing literat u r e . D o you see any m o r e gaps to be filled?

JWT G a p s ? I'd say a yawning c h a s m !

For myself, I w a n t to reach new p u b lics, not only with fiction, but also with plays. I am delighted that the a n i m a l

THE EXTENDED CIRCLE

rights m o v e m e n t a p p r o v e s of my b o o k s , but it is the ( / ^ c o n v e r t e d I m o s t want t o reach. W i t h t h e m it is a q u e s tion of taking t h e m d o w n the n u r s e r y slopes, of introducing new i d e a s in c o n ventional structures. A L o n d o n t h e a t r e director h a s bought an o p t i o n o n my first p l a y , and a B r o a d w a y d i r e c t o r is also k e e n on it, but so f a r my a g e n t h a d f o u n d no m a n a g e m e n t t o t a k e it o n . It h a s only a spattering of a n i m a l rights ' m e s s a g e s ' , but the last o n e c o m e s in a p o w e r f u l context. S o I'm h o p i n g . M y agent w a n t s me t o write a really c o m mitted play, and I'm trying t o find the time to d o so. Plays can r e a c h e n t i r e l y new audiences. T h e ' g a p ' is infinite. All 1 n e e d is a n o t h e r sixty y e a r s of increasingly v e g a n life!

CH It w o u l d , p e r h a p s , be fitting if this interview ended with a f a v o u r i t e q u o t e f r o m The Extended Circle. Of t h e m a n y , is there o n e of which you a r e especially fond?

JWT I h a v e scores of f a v o u r i t e s . In my ' I n t r o d u c t i o n ' to t h e b o o k I say that t h e passage that most ' s p e a k s t o my c o n d i tion' is w h e r e J o h n B r y a n t d r e a m s of a world ' w h e r e m a n is at p e a c e , not only with himself, but also with all t h e o t h e r c r e a t u r e s of E a r t h , ' for 'it is c r u e l t y which d o m i n a t e s my e v e r y c o n s c i o u s m o m e n t . ' Some of t h e m o s t f o r t h r i g h t quotes were C.W.Leadbeater's; some of the wittiest, H e n r y Salt's; s o m e of the most poetic, J a m e s S t e p h e n s ' . B u t that still leaves m e in g r e a t a d m i r a t i o n of V i c t o r H u g o , J . H o w a r d M o o r e , M o n t a i g n e , Ashley M o n t a g u , E r n e s t Bell, Brigid B r o p h y , V o l t a i r e , J o h n C o w p e r Powys, Philip K a p l e a u , T o d d F e r r i e r a n d a host of o t h e r s . O n c e t h e b r e a k t h r o u g h h a s b e e n m a d e i n t o realisation of the o n e n e s s of life a n d of o u r kinship with all c r e a t u r e s , t h e r e is little d i f f e r e n c e except in l a n g u a g e a n d style b e t w e e n the wisdom of t h e f a m o u s a n d the little known. B u t , of the m a n y cand i d a t e s , perhaps the best r o u n d i n g - o f f q u o t a t i o n , in c o n t e n t a n d l a n g u a g e p r o m p t i n g thought r a t h e r t h a n m a k i n g a definitive s t a t e m e n t , c o m e s f r o m the A m e r i c a n writer H e n r y B e s t o n ' s The Outermost House (1928): 'We need another and a wiser and perhaps a more mystical concept of animals ... We patronize them for their incompleteness, for their tragic fate of having taken form so far below ourselves. And therein we err and err greatly.

For the animal shall not be measured by man. In a world older and more complete than ours, they move finished and complete, gifted with extensions of the senses we have lost or never attained, living by voices we shall never hear.

They are not brethren; they are not underlings; they are other nations, caught with ourselves in the net of life and time, fellow prisoners of the splendor and travail of the earth.'

1

FOOTLOOSE IN â&#x20AC;˘FLORIDAH I

e x p e c t e d t h a t a f t e r a h o l i d a y in t h e U S A I w o u l d b e w r i t i n g a b o u t all t h e latest soya foods available over t h e r e , b u t it d i d n ' t q u i t e w o r k o u t t h a t way. T h e a r e a where one would be able t o s h o p at large health food stores and e a t at d i f f e r e n t r e s t a u r a n t s is M i a m i , a n d on a touring holiday that was the last p l a c e w e w a n t e d t o s p e n d m o s t of o u r t i m e . M u c h of t h e rest of F l o r i d a is M i d d l e A m e r i c a , so the question which will o c c u p y m o s t of this article is - h o w d o e s a v e g a n c o p e in M i d d l e A m e r i c a ?

T h e q u i c k a n d e a s y a n s w e r t o t h a t is t o go ethnic.

M i n d y o u , a n u m b e r of o r d i n a r y A m e r i c a n restaurants now have salad b a r s , w h e r e y o u h e l p yourself t o a variety of ingredients to m a k e up a salad.

T h e r e is a l w a y s at least o n e k i n d of b e a n s a l a d , w h i c h m e a n s t h a t if y o u o r d e r a b a k e d p o t a t o as well y o u c a n g e t a s u b s t a n t i a l , if u n e x c i t i n g , m e a l .

T h e r e a r e m a n y Italian r e s t a u r a n t s in F l o r i d a . A n u m b e r of t h e m , w e d i s c o v e r e d , a r e r u n by G r e e k s , w h i c h says something about American conserv a t i s m . S p a g h e t t i a n d pizza a r e f a m i l iar, w h e r e a s the m o r e unusual G r e e k d i s h e s a r e n o t , s o if s o m e o n e G r e e k o p e n s a m o d e s t r e s t a u r a n t he n e e d s t o o f f e r well-known dishes. I never had a n y t r o u b l e g e t t i n g s p a g h e t t i w i t h a tom a t o sauce. E v e n when the menu only

How does a vegan cope in Middle America?

The quick and easy answer â&#x20AC;&#x17E;. is to go ethnic listed m e a t s a u c e I was assured t h a t the t o m a t o s a u c e u s e d o n pizzas was purely v e g e t a b l e a n d I c o u l d have that on s p a g h e t t i i n s t e a d . A pleasant variant w a s s p a g h e t t i with oil a n d garlic, which is o f t e n f o u n d a n d always vegan.

O n e G r e e k dish which is n o w comp l e t e l y a c c e p t e d by A m e r i c a n s is G r e e k s a l a d (it b e a r s little r e s e m b l a n c e t o t h e G r e e k s a l a d s f o u n d in G r e e c e , b u t t h a t is a n o t h e r s t o r y ) . O n e of the most endearing characteristics of A m e r i c a n r e s t a u r a n t s , and t h e o n e w h i c h m a k e s all the d i f f e r e n c e to a v e g a n , is t h e i r willingness t o oblige.

A s k i n g t h e w a i t e r t o tell me e v e r y t h i n g t h a t n o r m a l l y w e n t i n t o a G r e e k salad so I c o u l d tell h i m w h a t to leave out in mine was a marvellous example. We h a d a l r e a d y e s t a b l i s h e d that I d i d n ' t eat cheese.

"Lettuce?"

Fine.

"Anc h o v i e s ? " N o , n o anchovies. " H a r d b o i l e d e g g ? " N o , n o hard-boiled e g g . . .

T h e e x p r e s s i o n o n his face was a pict u r e , b u t he w a s unfailingly p o l i t e , gave m e e x t r a p o t a t o e s a n d a very nice salad.

A t a S p a n i s h r e s t a u r a n t we w e n t to in T a m p a ( a f t e r a long drive and with very

empty stomachs) there were no meatless d i s h e s o n the m e n u , and my h e a r t s a n k , but as soon as I explained my p r o b l e m I was told to tell the waiter exactly what I w a n t e d to eat a n d the chef w o u l d d o his best to oblige. T h e dish of 'yellow rice' with v e g e t a b l e s ( t i n n e d m u s h r o o m s a n d tinned p e a s p r e d o m i n a t i n g ) which I asked for a n d got w a s n ' t exactly h a u t e cuisine, but it was g r e a t l y a p p r e c i a t e d all the s a m e .

C h i n e s e r e s t a u r a n t s are usually a g o o d b e t , t h o u g h of c o u r s e t h e r e is n o k n o w i n g f r o m the o u t s i d e what the quality of the f o o d will be like. At o n e very u n p r e p o s s e s s i n g Szechuan res t a u r a n t in C o c o a B e a c h the chef a p p a rently o n c e c o o k e d f o r C h i a n g KaiShek a n d the meal was s u p e r b 'Buddhist's Delight' (mixed vegetables stir-fried to just the right d e g r e e of c r i s p - t e n d e r n e s s ) a n d spicy Szechuanstyle t o f u , a n d f o r dessert fresh loquats.

T h a t was p r o b a b l y the best meal of the holiday. Yet a n o t h e r C h i n e s e restaura n t , which l o o k e d promising e n o u g h , p r o d u c e d o n e of the most boring m e a l s of the f o r t n i g h t . Incidentally, I've b e e n told by m a n y A m e r i c a n s that the C h i n e s e t h e r e traditionally use lard for their c o o k i n g , even for so-called vege t a r i a n dishes, so I always m a k e a point of asking, but I've yet to be told that a n y t h i n g o t h e r t h a n v e g e t a b l e oil was the cooking medium.

T h e situation is q u i t e d i f f e r e n t with M e x i c a n f o o d . L o o k i n g at a m e n u a n d finding refried b e a n s o n it might m a k e o n e think a v e g e t a r i a n would find a m e a l t h e r e , but unless the m a n a g e m e n t is c l u e d - u p (in which case the m e n u will p r o b a b l y state ' v e g e t a r i a n dishes') they will certainly fry the b e a n s in lard. W e h a d to walk out of several places a f t e r asking.

My s e c o n d - b e s t meal of the holiday was at a J a p a n e s e r e s t a u r a n t in Fort L a u d e r d a l e . I d i d n ' t b o t h e r looking at the m e n u at all, simply asked if they could d o m e a v e g e t a r i a n m e a l . A f t e r establishing w h a t I ate a n d didn't eat the m a n a g e r e s s b e c a m e m o r e and m o r e e n t h u s i a s t i c as she kept thinking of f o o d s which w e r e vegan and which could be c o m b i n e d with o t h e r f o o d s which w e r e also v e g a n . While my partner was s t u d y i n g the m e n u she k e p t d a r t i n g back t o o u r table to m a k e additional s u g g e s t i o n s , so m a n y that it b e c a m e difficult to r e m e m b e r what they all w e r e . W h a t I got in the e n d was sushi

10 The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

to start with - rice a n d c u c u m b e r wrapped in nori s e a w e e d - followed by sauteed v e g e t a b l e s a n d c u b e s of t o f u in a deliciously p e p p e r y soya sauce with rice, a n d for d e s s e r t s t e a m e d c a k e s filled with sweet b e a n paste.

It should be m e n t i o n e d that it is comparatively rare to find a completely vegetarian r e s t a u r a n t in the U S A ; even those which so t e r m themselves o f t e n include at least o n e tuna dish. Much m o r e c o m m o n a r e n a t u r a l food restaurants which serve n o red meat but o f f e r seafood and p o u l t r y along with vegetarian dishes. W e h a d s o m e e n j o y a b l e lunches at t w o such r e s t a u r a n t s - t o f u salad in pitta b r e a d in Miami Beach and a vegetable a n d soya b e a n burger o v e r brown rice with o n i o n sauce n e a r Sarasota. In O r l a n d o I had an evening m e a l , with C u b a n black b e a n s o u p as a s t a r t e r , and broccoli with a delicious cashew nut gravy o v e r brown rice as main dish.

Best of all, t h o u g h , was Key W e s t .

As soon as I s t a r t e d looking at m e n u s I realised I was in a town which c a t e r e d for p e o p l e like m e . T h e r e was just o n e p r o b l e m , t h o u g h . W e were t h e r e in S e p t e m b e r , which was the quietest m o n t h of the w h o l e y e a r , and most of those m o u t h - w a t e r i n g m e n u s w e r e in front of r e s t a u r a n t s which were closed!

E m p t y s t o m a c h growling m o r e loudly every m i n u t e , I was beginning to despair. But rescue was at h a n d - a b r a n d new natural f o o d s r e s t a u r a n t h a d just

Best of a l though, was Key West. As soon as I started looking at menus I realised I was in a town which catered for people like me o p e n e d , and the o w n e r was busily h a n d i n g out flyers to passers-by. It is h a r d e n o u g h imagining a n o n - v e g e t a rian r e s t a u r a n t in this c o u n t r y having s o m e t h i n g like nine d i f f e r e n t vegetarian main dishes on its m e n u . A n d if such a thing did occur a n d the dishes w e r e labelled ' g o u r m e t ' o n e would k n o w what to expect - lashings of c r e a m , c h e e s e a n d eggs in everything.

N o t in Key W e s t . Every o n e of the dishes was vegan. I c a n ' t r e m e m b e r the last time I h a d such a choice.

W e stayed in Key West two nights a n d dined t h e r e twice, so at least I was able to s a m p l e t w o of the dishes on the m e n u . (Stuck to the s a m e s t a r t e r t h o u g h , as the spring rolls w e r e so tasty.) First night it was b a k e d , breaded, curry-flavoured tofu cubes with b r o w n rice, c h u t n e y a n d vegetables. S e c o n d night it was t e m p e h s t e a m e d in a miso s a u c e , and t o p p e d with hiziki s e a w e e d - even my non-vege t a r i a n p a r t n e r c o m m e n t e d on h o w fish-like it was. Both w e r e excellent.

A n d t h e r e was even a vegan dessert (peach pie) for m e to e n j o y .

Not that desserts p r e s e n t e d a real problem once I discovered that

TORQUAY

QUEEN OF THE ENGLISH RIVIERA Brookesby Hall Hotel (exclusively

vegetarian)

Heskech Road TQI 2LN Tel 0803 22194 350 yards from Mead foot Beach, enjoying glorious sea views across Torbay, the hotel is situated in the exclusive Lincombe Conservation area, generally considered to be the loveliest part of Torquay. We offer restful holidays in beautiful surroundings coupled with imaginative and delicious vegan and vegetarian meals. Some rooms have private showers. Fully centrally heated.

Full details from the vegan proprietress: Mrs Hilda Baker (stamp only please)

F l o r i d a ' s largest chain of s u p e r m a r k e t s carried T o f f u t i . T o f f u t i is a n o n - d a i r y i c e - c r e a m , and the m a n w h o i n v e n t e d it is a p p a r e n t l y a millionaire t h r e e t i m e s o v e r a l r e a d y . T h e p r o d u c t h a s got q u i t e a high s u g a r c o n t e n t ( o r , t o be m o r e precise, high-fructose c o r n s y r u p ) , but t h e flavourings are all n a t u r a l , a n d they include Maple W a l n u t (real m a p l e a n d c h u n k s of walnut), W i l d b e r r y (a c o m b i nation of strawberry, raspberry, b l a c k b e r r y and b l u e b e r r y , swirled t h r o u g h the i c e - c r e a m ) , a n d Vanilla B a r k (roasted a l m o n d s a n d c h o c o l a t e chips in a rich vanilla b a s e ) , which w e r e all absolutely divine. T h e y p r o v i d e all the creaminess of a dairy i c e - c r e a m but a r e lovely and light.

A c c o r d i n g to a r e p o r t I r e a d b e f o r e I went o v e r t h e r e , t o f u i c e - c r e a m s a r e such an 'in' thing n o w t h a t virtually e v e r y m a j o r dairy ice m a n u f a c t u r e r is seemingly j u m p i n g o n the b a n d w a g o n .

Well, n o n e of the ice-cream s h o p s I saw w e r e selling a n y t h i n g o t h e r t h a n t h e dairy variety, so clearly t h e p h e n o m e non is n o t quite as w i d e s p r e a d as all that. H o w e v e r , in t h e T o m o r r o w l a n d section of D i s n e y w o r l d ' s Magic Kingd o m , t h e r e is a n a t u r a l f o o d s b a r selling 'Soft Serve T o f u ' in c h o c o l a t e a n d strawberry flavours.

They were y u m m y , but it w o u l d really be ironic if that m o s t valuable a n d versatile of soya f o o d s b e c a m e s y n o n y m o u s in A m e r i can m i n d s with a f r o z e n d e s s e r t . . .

Leah Leneman

" V J o o d c c t e

yy

The Saltings, Lelant, St Ives, Cornwall Tel (0736) 753147

Why not visit Britain's oldest established vegan/vegetarian hotel and for once experience a truly relaxing holiday?

Woodcote is a small family-owned hotel standing it its own grounds overlooking the beautiful tidal estuary and bird sanctuary of Hayle. It is within easy reach of many fine beaches and coastal walks and is the ideal centre from which to explore and discover the beauty of Cornwall.

On a personal note, our cuisine is both varied and imaginative and for good measure is supported by an abundance of old-fashioned personal service - the ingredient so often overlooked in these material times.

For further information and brochure please contact: John or Pamela Barrett (stamp appreciated)

What will you make of our new vegetable stock?

Vecon makes great meals even better Because there's no meat extract or artificial additives in Vecon concentrated stock.

Just nature's own vegetables, and yeast, vitamins and iron, in particular vitamin B12.

Vecon adds a delicious flavour to vegetable casseroles, gravies and stews. Or try it as a warming drink or tasty spread.

Everybody in the family will love Vecon, and Vecon will do everybody good. Naturally.

Vecon Vegetable Stock M a k e s it g o o d , m a k e s it n a t u r a l .

Available at most health food outlets.

11 The Vegan, Winter 1985

M o d e r n H e a l t h P r o d u c t s Ltd.. D a v i s R o a d . C h e s s i n g t o n .

S u r r e y K T 9 I T H Telephone: 01 3 9 7 4361.

1

I

VEGANS AND VACCINATION Part 2

n t h e first p a r t of this article (The Vegan, Autumn 1985) I d e s c r i b e d s o m e of t h e e v i d e n c e f o r a n d ag a i n s t t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s a n d s a f e t y of v a c c i n a t i o n as well as t h e i n v o l v e m e n t of a n i m a l e x p e r i m e n t s in t h e p r o d u c t i o n of v a c c i n e s . H e r e I e x p l a i n b r i e f l y how some 'alternative' therapies cope w i t h i n f e c t i o u s d i s e a s e s , a n d h o w acceptable they may be to vegans.

Naturopathy N a t u r o p a t h y or nature cure has a long h i s t o r y a n d h a s b e e n e v o l v e d by its p r a c t i t i o n e r s in t h e clinical s i t u a t i o n l a r g e l y by o b s e r v a t i o n of h u m a n s in h e a l t h a n d d i s e a s e . Its m e t h o d s h a v e b e e n d e v e l o p e d by p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e and owe nothing to animal experiment a t i o n . T h e p r i n c i p l e of n a t u r e c u r e is t h e s t i m u l a t i o n of t h e b o d y ' s n a t u r a l h e a l i n g p o w e r s , b o t h by b u i l d i n g a g o o d f o u n d a t i o n f o r h e a l t h a n d by s u c h t r e a t m e n t s as d i e t , r e l a x a t i o n a n d meditation, and hydrotherapy.

S o u n d n u t r i t i o n plays a vital r o l e in n a t u r o p a t h y , whose practitioners adv o c a t e a w h o l e f o o d d i e t , with f o o d b e i n g e a t e n as n e a r t o its n a t u r a l s t a t e as p o s s i b l e . S o m e , a l t h o u g h n o t all, naturopaths recommend a vegetarian o r v e g a n d i e t f o r s o m e of t h e i r p a t i e n t s , b u t all a g r e e t h a t j u n k f o o d s c o n t a m i n a t e d w i t h c h e m i c a l s o r d r u g s will h i n d e r t h e b o d y ' s n a t u r a l r e s i s t a n c e t o dise a s e b y c a u s i n g a b u i l d - u p of t o x i n s in the tissues. N a t u r e cure practitioners b e l i e v e t h a t i n f e c t i o n is likely t o o c c u r w h e n t h e n a t u r a l b a l a n c e of t h e b o d y b r e a k s d o w n , a n d this usually o w e s m o r e to emotional, nutritional or mechanical stresses than to bacteria or v i r u s e s . T h e y p o i n t t o t h e fact t h a t many people are exposed to germs and yet d o n ' t s u c c u m b t o illness, t h e i r b o d i e s h a v i n g a high level of n a t u r a l resistance.

If a c h i l d b r o u g h t u p o n a h e a l t h p r o m o t i n g diet d o e s catch an infectious d i s e a s e , s / h e is m o r e likely t o r e c o v e r w i t h o u t c o m p l i c a t i o n s s u c h as e y e s i g h t p r o b l e m s , which can result f r o m m e a s l e s i n f e c t i o n . In t r e a t i n g childhood infections a naturopath would be likely t o ' p r e s c r i b e ' a s h o r t fast o r f r u i t juice-only diet for a few days, possibly c o m b i n e d with hydrotherapy and herbal or h o m o e o p a t h i c remedies. While t h i s a p p r o a c h m a y s o u n d highly u n o r -

12

t h o d o x to s o m e , it's w o r t h r e m e m b e r ing that for m a n y y e a r s tuberculosis pat i e n t s b e n e f i t e d f r o m fresh m o u n t a i n air a n d g o o d f o o d at a time w h e n t h e r e w a s n o d r u g t r e a t m e n t T h e c h a r t e d decline in m a n y i n f e c t i o u s diseases in the late n i n e t e e t h c e n t u r y was also d u e m a i n l y t o i m p r o v e d nutrition, p u r e r drinking water and better sanitation, w h i c h b o o s t e d p e o p l e ' s ability t o fight off illness - the basic p r e c e p t of naturopathy.

No-one has yet satisfactorily explained how homoeopathy worfcs, hut there is no doubt that in many cases it has proved to he extremely effective.

Homoeopathy H o m o e o p a t h y , while playing a part in t h e n a t u r o p a t h ' s a p p r o a c h . is a l s o a syst e m of holistic m e d i c i n e in its own right. D e v e l o p e d n e a r l y 200 y e a r s a g o , it w o r k s o n t h e basis of treating like w i t h like: r e m e d i e s are used in ext r e m e l y d i l u t e f o r m s which, if c o n c e n t r a t e d , w o u l d actually cause s y m p t o m s similar t o t h e illness being t r e a t e d .

H o m o e o p a t h i c r e m e d i e s are p r e p a r e d from natural substances - vegetable, m i n e r a l , h u m a n o r animal - a n d are p o t e n t i s e d by special t e c h n i q u e s of rep e a t e d d i l u t i o n . T h e m o r e dilute the rem e d y , the m o r e p o w e r f u l it is.

No-one has yet satisfactorily explained how homoeopathy works, b u t t h e r e is n o d o u b t that in m a n y cases it h a s p r o v e d t o be e x t r e m e l y e f f e c t i v e .

B e c a u s e d i f f e r e n t r e m e d i e s m a y be u s e d t o t r e a t t h e s a m e illness in differ e n t p a t i e n t s , h o m o e o p a t h y isn't a m e n a b l e t o o r t h o d o x scientific m e t h o d s of a s s e s s m e n t , such as large-scale clinical trials and animal experiments.

N e v e r t h e l e s s , s o m e scientists h a v e misg u i d e d l y c o n d u c t e d animal tests in an e f f o r t t o establish t h e efficacy of homoeopathic treatment.

Homoeopathy was originally developed t h r o u g h p r o v i n g s o n people a n d , des p i t e o c c a s i o n a l a n i m a l tests, such is still t h e case w h e n n e w r e m e d i e s are d i s c o v e r e d . V e g a n s must be o n the l o o k - o u t f o r r e m e d i e s derived f r o m

animal s u b s t a n c e s such as b e e v e n o m and cuttle-fish ink, a n d should also b e a r in mind that m a n y r e m e d i e s are m a d e in t a b l e t f o r m c o n t a i n i n g the milks u g a r , lactose.

H o m o e o p a t h i c r e m e d i e s can be used p r e v e n t a t i v e l y or curatively a n d t h e r e are r e m e d i e s for most c h i l d h o o d infections, such as G e r m a n measles and w h o o p i n g c o u g h . S o m e r e m e d i e s are p r e p a r e d f r o m the i n f e c t e d tissues of h u m a n p a t i e n t s , diluted m a n y times.

P e r t u s s i n u m is o n e of these: it can be given by m o u t h (by a h o m o e o p a t h ) to infants as a p r e v e n t a t i v e , the dose being r e p e a t e d at intervals of a few m o n t h s . It can also be used as a treatm e n t . V a r i o u s plant r e m e d i e s are effective in m a n y infections, such as Pulsatilla for t r e a t i n g measles.

W h e n c h o l e r a struck L o n d o n in 1854, the L o n d o n H o m o e o p a t h i c Hospital t r e a t e d m a n y p a t i e n t s . O n the release of official statistics o n the e p i d e m i c , it was f o u n d that 54,(XX) p e o p l e h a d died of c h o l e r a . Of t h e s e , 5 9 % h a d died while receiving o r t h o d o x t r e a t m e n t , while of the p a t i e n t s t r e a t e d h o m o e o p a t h i c a l l y only 16% died. T h i s p r o m p t e d the t h e n Medical Inspector to r e m a r k "If it should please t h e L o r d t o visit m e with c h o l e r a I would wish to fall into the h a n d s of a h o m o e o p a t h i c physician!"

For v e g a n s , w h e t h e r concerned chiefly a b o u t animal exploitation or natural h e a l t h , t h e r e is ultimately n o easy a n s w e r to the vaccination question. I h o p e , h o w e v e r , that this article has p r o v i d e d s o m e g u i d a n c e in the matter.

Further Information The British Homoeopathic Association, Basildon C o u r t , 2 7 A D e v o n s h i r e S t r e e t , L o n d o n W I N 1RJ The Homoeopathic Development Foundation, Harcourt House, 19A C a v e n d i s h S q u a r e , London W1M 9 A D The Institute for Complementary Medicine, 21 P o r t l a n d Place, London WIN 3AF The British Naturopathic A Osteopathic Association, 6 Netherhall Gardens, Hampstead, London NW3 5RR I)r. Gill Langley

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

A regular column on vegan cookery and food preparation

The Soya Scene - Part II In the last issue I described the soya p r o d u c t s with which most of us are most familiar: the whole b e a n s - a rich source of p r o t e i n ; soya f l o u r - a n excellent baking aid; a n d liquid soya milk, which in a d a i r y - d e p e n d e n t world m a k e s the c h a n g e o v e r to veganism that much easier. A n d that c h a n g e o v e r t o a healthier a n d m o r e h u m a n e way of life is now being accelerated as e v e r m o r e new vegan p r o d u c t s a p p e a r . Soya icec r e a m s a n d yoghurts are m a k i n g their way into h e a l t h - f o o d outlets a n d it is only a m a t t e r of time b e f o r e m a r k e t forces m a k e t h e m as competitively priced as their dairy c o u n t e r p a r t s . T h e y a r e , of c o u r s e , already winning h a n d s d o w n in the health a n d c r u e l t y - f r e e stakes. Since the survey in the A u t u m n issue of liquid soya milks, d e v e l o p m e n t s in t h e field have b e e n so rapid that several m o r e have s p r u n g into being (see Shoparound).

P o w d e r e d Soya M i l k s A s a result of changing p a t t e r n s of cons u m e r d e m a n d in recent y e a r s , liquid soya milk n o w almost entirely d o m i nates the m a r k e t . T h e t w o b r a n d s of g e n e r a l - p u r p o s e p o w d e r e d soya milk which are available a n d suitable for vegans are H e a l t h e r i e s ' Soyvita at £2.85 for 375g and G r a n o s e ' s Soyagen at £6.44 for 454g.

Soya M i l k s f o r I n f a n t F e e d i n g T h e only assuredly vegan soya infant f o r m u l a s easily available are M e a d J o h n s o n ' s Prosobee and Granose's Granolac (Wysoy c o n t a i n s animal oil a n d Formula S c o n t a i n s cholecalciferol, or vitamin D 3 - a non-vegan variety of vitamin D ) . Prosobee is available on prescription or costs £5.34 for a 400g tin. U n f o r t u n a t e l y , Granolac has just been d i s c o n t i n u e d o n account of its u n e c o n o m i c price. G r a n o s e i n f o r m m e , h o w e v e r , that they d o have s o m e stocks in their w a r e h o u s e a n d that for a limited period they can supply direct.

C o n t a c t : Granose Foods Lid, Stanborough Park, Garston, Watford, Herts WD2 6JR. A l s o , early in the new year G r a n o s e plan to launch an identical but m o r e competitively priced infant f o r m u l a .

T o cover all o t h e r soya p r o d u c t s would t a k e a whole b o o k with a substantial glossary going t h r o u g h , if not A - Z , then at least atsuage to yuba. But these are topics for the f u t u r e . I shall restrict myself h e r e to a brief r u n - d o w n of those which are currently available in this c o u n t r y .

The Vegan, Winter 1985

Soya Grits a n d Splits Simply because w h o l e soya b e a n s d o t a k e a long time to soak a n d t o c o o k , it is o f t e n m o r e c o n v e n i e n t to buy t h e m in the f o r m of grits a n d splits. Soy grits are p r e - c o o k e d d r i e d soya b e a n s b r o k e n into bits. T h e y c o o k in just a few minutes a n d m a k e a useful a n d n u t r i t i o u s addition to s o u p s a n d stews. Soy splits a r e simply soya b e a n s split in h a l f , a n d may be p r e - c o o k e d o r raw.

TVP T V P , o r t e x t u r e d v e g e t a b l e p r o t e i n , is a great favourite with s o m e p e o p l e a n d whole recipe b o o k s h a v e b e e n d e v o t e d to it, including The Magic Bean by A n n a R o b e r t s ( T h o r s o n s , £1.95). For s o m e p e o p l e this can be t h e key to a swift c h a n g e o v e r f r o m a m e a t - b a s e d diet. T V P c o m e s in e i t h e r n a t u r a l o r m e a t - f l a v o u r e d varieties and in all s h a p e s and sizes - f r o m mince t o steaks.

It r e c o n s t i t u t e s instantly w h e n hot w a t e r is p o u r e d o v e r it a n d can then be used in c o n v e n t i o n a l m e a t recipes.

bread a n d beer. It is usually b o u g h t in slabs of about '/>lb w e i g h t , d e e p - f r o z e n and sealed in a plastic b a g .

It c a n vary in f l a v o u r f r o m mild to very s t r o n g , d e p e n d i n g o n h o w long t h e b e a n s a r e allowed t o f e r m e n t . T e m p e h is m a d e and d i s t r i b u t e d in this c o u n t r y

by Tempeh Foods, (Greyfriars Road, Ipswich), and One World Foods (Old Street, London).

It m a y b e s o m e y e a r s , h o w e v e r , until w e h a v e s h o p s specialising in t e m p e h , as in N o r t h A m e r i c a .

T e m p e h can b e e a t e n straight f r o m the p a c k e t , c r u m b l e d , p u r e e d , d e e p fried o r used in b u r g e r o r s t u f f i n g mixes. It is almost as versatile as t o f u , except t h a t , having a distinctly s a v o u r y taste, it is less s u i t a b l e f o r s w e e t d i s h e s .

B o t h tofu a n d t e m p e h h a v e several qualities in c o m m o n : t h e y are rich in p r o t e i n , yet low in calories a n d c h o l e s terol-free. T e m p e h and the other ferm e n t e d soya p r o d u c t s h a v e t h e a d d e d a d v a n t a g e of b e i n g n a t u r a l s o u r c e s of vitamin B, 2 . I n d e e d o n e a v e r a g e (3Vioz/100g) serving of t e m p e h can c o n t a i n up to 3 t i m e s t h e R D A for an adult.

Tofu - t h e ' m e a t w i t h o u t a b o n e ' T o f u (soya b e a n c u r d ) is rapidly bec o m i n g m o r e widely available a n d recognised as a valuable a n d e x t r e m e l y versatile f o o d . ' S i l k e n ' t o f u , sold in small c a r t o n s , is a useful base f o r salad dressings, dips a n d soft desserts. Firm t o f u is m a d e a n d distributed by several c o m p a n i e s in the U K a n d it is w o r t h trying several to find o n e you p r e f e r . F r e s h t o f u has little taste of its own but with a little basic s e a s o n i n g , h e r b salt, o r soy s a u c e , for instance, it b e c o m e s a tasty a c c o m p a n i m e n t to a salad. M a s h e d , s e a s o n e d , a n d with the addition of s o m e c h o p p e d spring o n i o n a n d paprika, it tastes r a t h e r like c o t t a g e c h e e s e .

T h e r a n g e of dishes, b o t h sweet a n d s a v o u r y , that can be p r e p a r e d with t o f u Shoyu, Tamari and Miso is vast and t h e r e is a g r o w i n g n u m b e r of Soy s a u c e is a w e l l - k n o w n c o n d i m e n t , but b e w a r e of i m i t a t i o n s . M a n y c o m excellent c o o k b o o k s o n the s u b j e c t . mercial p r e p a r a t i o n s a r e n e i t h e r b r e wed n o r f e r m e n t e d but a r e c o n c o c t i o n s F e r m e n t e d Soya P r o d u c t s based o n hydrolized v e g e t a b l e p r o t e i n T e m p e h . miso a n d soy s a u c e , staples in and coloured with caramel.

In the E a s t for m a n y c e n t u r i e s , a r e all fer- w h o l e f o o d s h o p s you will find t h e m e n t e d foods. T h e p r o c e s s of f e r m e n - g e n u i n e article. T a m a r i , t h e s t r o n g e r tation helps the p r o t e i n s in the soya sauce of the t w o , is m a d e e n t i r e l y f r o m bean to be m o r e readily a b s o r b e d . soya b e a n s and is t h e r e f o r e g l u t e n - f r e e .

Tempeh S h o y u , on the o t h e r h a n d , is m a d e with T e m p e h (which can be m a d e with m a n y r o a s t e d cracked w h e a t , as well as soya o t h e r grains a n d l e g u m e s as well as soya b e a n s . b e a n s ) originates f r o m I n d o n e s i a and is A l t h o u g h soy s a u c e s a r e n a t u r a l l y m a d e by c o o k i n g soya b e a n s and then salty t h e i r actual s o d i u m c o n t e n t is very injecting t h e m with a specific c u l t u r e , much lower t h a n that of salt a n d so which t r a n s f o r m s the t e x t u r e a n d struc- f r o m a health point of view they a r e a t u r e of the b e a n s . If t h e t h o u g h t of useful seasoning f o r all s a v o u r y p u r m o u l d s and f e r m e n t a t i o n d o e s not ap- poses. Try adding t h e m t o s a u c e s , drespeal to y o u , just s t o p a n d c o n s i d e r their sings, dips and c a s s e r o l e s for a r i c h e r , role in the p r o d u c t i o n of y o g h u r t , fuller flavour.

13

The lfegan Diet: True Vegetarian Cookery

by D a v i d Scott and Claire Goiding R i d e r £ 5 . 9 5 Pbk

/ III

VEGAN n n

i

D A V I D S< ( ) I T a n d ( I . A 1 K I ( , ( ) I . D I \ < .

Until fairly recently, anyone wanting a n e w v e g a n r e c i p e w a s o b l i g e d t o sift through ordinary cookbooks adopting a n d a d a p t i n g . E v e n the few vegetarian c o o k b o o k s which were available were f r e q u e n t l y so reliant upon dairy prod u c e a n d eggs as to be almost useless f o r v e g a n s . E v a B a t t ' s What's Cooking? w a s f o r m a n y y e a r s t h e m a i n s t a y of the vegan cook's bookshelf.

N o w it s e e m s w e h a v e v e g a n c o o k b o o k s ( a l m o s t ) g a l o r e ! I n s t e a d of seizi n g u p o n t h e m all g r a t e f u l l y , w e c a n n o w a f f o r d t o l o o k at t h e m a n d ask " W h a t d o e s t h i s o n e o f f e r t h a t is n e w o r d i f f e r e n t ? " This latest o n e certainly has p l e n t y t o o f f e r : o v e r 250 r e c i p e s u n d e r 11 h e a d i n g s , i n c l u d i n g w e l c o m e a d d i tions such as children's favourites and breakfast suggestions. T h e sections on starters and dips, sauces and spreads, t o g e t h e r w i t h s a l a d d r e s s i n g s all h e l p t o give the b o o k a ' g o u r m e t ' a p p e a l - an a s p e c t o f t e n o v e r l o o k e d in t h e p a s t , b u t w h i c h is c o n t r i b u t i n g t o t h e c r e a t i o n of a distinct 'vegan cuisine'.

14

W h i l e e v e r y o n e k n o w s soy s a u c e , it o n l y as the c o n d i m e n t in C h i n e s e res t a u r a n t s , m i s o is much less wellk n o w n . T h i s t h i c k , salty paste is rich in p r o t e i n , e n z y m e s a n d bacteria which aid d i g e s t i o n , a n d deserves to b e m o r e widely u s e d . M i s o is usually m a d e f r o m soya b e a n s a n d e i t h e r barley o r rice.

O n c e o p e n e d , it is b e s t kept refrigera t e d a n d w h e n a d d i n g it to s o u p s and

stews d o so at a late stage a n d avoid boiling the liquid as this r e d u c e s its nutritional value.

In t h e n e x t , a n d concluding, part of The Soya Scene, L e a h L e n e m a n will be reviewing the c o o k e r y b o o k s available to help you m a k e b e t t e r use of all the soya p r o d u c t s that we have l o o k e d at in Parts I a n d II. Lis Howlett

D a v i d Scott a l r e a d y has several c o o k b o o k s t o his c r e d i t , including Middle Eastern Vegetarian Cookery, and his w i d e k n o w l e d g e of other cuisines is a p p a r e n t in t h e imaginative use of ing r e d i e n t s in r e c i p e s such as Spiced Lentil P a t t i e s with C o c o n u t S a u c e , and Fig a n d W a l n u t S a l a d . Claire G o i d i n g has run a vegan/vegetarian restaurant in H o v e . T h e a u t h o r s a r e t h e r e f o r e alr e a d y well-versed in b o t h c o o k e r y and c o o k e r y writing.

I s u s p e c t , t h o u g h , that n e i t h e r of t h e m is v e g a n . T h e r e a r e little giveaway signs. T h e i n t r o d u c t i o n , for e x a m p l e , is c o m p r e h e n s i v e a n d presents the vegan case f r o m m a n y sides yet remains curiously lacking in passion. A l s o , a n u m b e r of t h e r e c i p e s i n c o r p o r a t e h o n e y - a f o o d w h o s e use r e m a i n s a s u b j e c t of s o m e c o n t r o v e r s y a m o n g veg a n s . A l t h o u g h at p a i n s to stress that t h e y ' d o not i n t e n d this book to b e part of a c r u s a d e f o r v e g a n i s m ' , the a u t h o r s a d d : ' W e d o , h o w e v e r , want to show with this collection of recipes h o w the v e g a n diet can b e a c o m p l e t e o r partial a l t e r n a t i v e t o a m e a t - r i c h or to a lactov e g e t a r i a n diet". P e r h a p s this is n o bad t h i n g , since m a n y p e o p l e may b e att r a c t e d to t h e b o o k precisely b e c a u s e it does not have a crusading tone. And t h e r e is n o d o u b t that t h e recipes a r e an a t t r a c t i v e a d v e r t f o r t h e vegan d i e t .

Try this r e c i p e , selected f r o m Vegan Diet, r e v i e w e d a b o v e :

I did find the emphasis on w h o l e f o o d s r a t h e r excessive. A l m o s t by d e f i n i t i o n a v e g a n diet is a w h o l e f o o d o n e but t h e r e are occasions w h e n a lighter t o u c h is w e l c o m e , e.g. f o r puff o r f l a k y p a s t r y . A f t e r all, b o o s t i n g f i b r e i n t a k e is hardly a p r o b lem f o r us v e g a n s , is it? But t h e s e are m i n o r q u i b b l e s ! The Vegan Diet is a w e l c o m e a d d i t i o n t o t h e vegan b o o k shelf.

T h e price of £ 5 . 9 5 is rather high for a p a p e r b a c k with only line drawing illustr a t i o n s but I t h i n k I ' d b u y it for t h e subtitle a l o n e .

A final t h o u g h t . Since there is currently so m u c h i n t e r e s t in vegan c o o k e r y , isn't it a b o u t time s o m e o n e b r o u g h t o u t a v e g a n c o o k b o o k with p l e n t y of c o l o u r p i c t u r e s to s h o w just h o w g o r g e o u s it all l o o k s ?

Veronica Dawson

The

Mushroom and Hazelnut Croustade Serves 4 4 oz (lOOg) wholemeal breadcrumbs 4 oz (lOOg) hazelnuts, roasted and crushed 4 oz (lOOg) flaked almonds 1 clove garlic, crushed 1 tsp chopped fresh mixed herbs or '/2 tsp dried mixed herbs 2 oz (50g) margarine Sauce 1 large onion, chopped 1 lb (450g) mushrooms, chopped 3 tbs (45ml) vegetable oil 2 oz (50g) wholemeal flour 1 tbs tahini 3 tbs (45 ml) soya sauce 8 fl.oz (225 ml) soya milk, diluted with 8 fl.oz (225 ml) water 2 tbs chopped parsley to garnish P r e h e a t oven t o 425°F/220°C/gas mark 7. C o m b i n e t h e b r e a d c r u m b s , hazelnuts, a l m o n d s , garlic a n d herbs. Mix well a n d r u b in t h e m a r g a r i n e . Press the mixture d o w n well into a swiss-roll tin.

B a k e f o r 20 m i n u t e s in the hot oven.

Allow t o cool a n d t h e n turn the croustade out.

Sauce Saute t h e o n i o n a n d m u s h r o o m s in the oil for 5 m i n u t e s . Stir in the flour and then the tahini a n d soya sauce; finally, stir in t h e soya milk very slowly. Pour this sauce o v e r the c r o u s t a d e a n d garnish with parsley.

The Vegan Diet: True Vegetarian Cookery can b e o r d e r e d post-free direct f r o m T h e V e g a n S o c i e t y , 33-35 G e o r g e S t r e e t , O x f o r d O X 1 2 A Y , for £5.95.

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

A vegan C h r i s t m a s meal may have to appeal to n o n - v e g a n family a n d f r i e n d s of all ages, so it is wise to c o m p l e m e n t a good range of tasty a n d attractive vegan dishes with as m a n y 'veganized' traditional items as possible.

C o o k s are also likely to e n j o y the festivities m o r e if s o m e of the p r e p a r a tions can be m a d e in a d v a n c e . Several items in the following recipes - all of which are for f o u r g e n e r o u s helpings can be a t t e n d e d t o a day o r two bef o r e h a n d , leaving m o r e time for relaxing or socializing o n the big day.

I've o m i t t e d a starter course. If you've b e e n e a t i n g your vegan chocolates in the m o r n i n g you w o n ' t have r o o m for it w i t h o u t r u n n i n g the risk of your a p p e t i t e f a d i n g long b e f o r e dessert time. B e t t e r to just hand r o u n d snacks and o f f e r a glass of hot N o r f o l k P u n c h , a T r o p i c a l Juice mixture o r alcoholic b e v e r a g e .

So, it's straight into the main dish which, for want of a m o r e original title, I have called: Vegan Christmas Surprise 8 oz (230g) borlotti or haricot beans I large, firm aubergine 1 large green pepper 3 onions 4 sticks celery 12 oz (350g) breadcrumbs 2 oz (60g) vegan margarine 2 tbs vegetable oil, preferably olive oil 2 tsp soy sauce 2 tsp Gelozone 1 tbs chopped parsley l/2 tsp thyme â&#x20AC;˘/4 tsp sage 2 tsp lemon juice salt and black pepper to taste

Notes: If a u b e r g i n e is u n p o p u l a r o r uno b t a i n a b l e , slice 3-4 t o m a t o e s and line t h e sides of the dish with these i n s t e a d .

G e l o z o n e is a vegan gelling agent available f r o m most health f o o d shops; if uno b t a i n a b l e , use c o r n f l o u r instead. If liked, a t a b l e s p o o n of S m o k e y S n a p s can be a d d e d to the celery m i x t u r e .

Soak b e a n s overnight and boil in fresh w a t e r until t e n d e r . (This can be d o n e well in a d v a n c e . C o o k e d b e a n s will f r e e z e or k e e p in the fridge overnight.) T h e b r e a d c r u m b s can also be m a d e the day b e f o r e a n d stored in an airtight c o n t a i n e r .

Slice the a u b e r g i n e fairly thinly, sprinkle with salt a n d leave for 30 min u t e s . Rinse well a n d pat dry.

M e a n w h i l e liquidise (or m a s h ) the c o o k e d b e a n s with '/2pt (280ml) of w a t e r (or stock, o r the water in which t h e y w e r e c o o k e d ) , the soy sauce a n d G e l o z o n e . T h e b e a n s m a y be liquid s m o o t h o r left slightly crunchy. Season to taste.

C h o p o n e small onion finely a n d fry gently in the m a r g a r i n e for five minutes. A d d to the b r e a d c r u m b s , along with the lemon juice, t h y m e , sage a n d c h o p p e d parsley. Season to taste.

C h o p the r e m a i n i n g t w o o n i o n s , celery and p e p p e r a n d fry gently in a little of the oil for five m i n u t e s . Place this m i x t u r e in the b o t t o m of a d e e p , g r e a s e d o v e n - p r o o f dish. Using the rem a i n i n g oil a n d the s a m e s a u c e p a n , fry the a u b e r g i n e slices on b o t h sides until just t e n d e r . U s e t h e m to line the sides of the o v e n - p r o o f dish. H e a t the b e a n mixture gently in the s a m e s a u c e p a n a n d p o u r it gently into the c e n t r e of the dish. T o p all this with the b r e a d c r u m b m i x t u r e . D o t with m a r g a r i n e . C o o k in a fairly hot oven (375°F/190°C/Gas M a r k 5) for 20-25 m i n u t e s , loosely covering with foil for the first 15 m i n u t e s .

Serve this dish with a s h a r p t o m a t o sauce, roast p o t a t o e s and s p r o u t s o r salad. M a k e the sauce by stirring 2tbs t o m a t o p u r e e into 3 /4pt (420ml) of vege t a b l e stock. S i m m e r for two m i n u t e s with a pinch of o r e g a n o and t h y m e .

Season with salt, black p e p p e r and a dash of soy sauce. F o r a richer sauce use half stock and half red wine or g r a p e juice.

A l o n g s i d e , or to follow all this rich f o o d , serve a colourful salad like: F e s t i v e Salad P l a t t e r 4 oz (120g) green grapes 4 oz (120g) black grapes 3 tangerines 3 tomatoes V2 cucumber 1 green pepper 1 bunch watercress 2 tbs raisins 2 tbs chopped nuts French dressing

The Vegan, Winter 1985

Peel the tangerine a n d r e m o v e pips.

S e p a r a t e into s e g m e n t s . Q u a r t e r t h e t o m a t o e s , slice the c u c u m b e r a n d d i c e the pepper.

Wash watercress t h o r o u g h l y and a r r a n g e a r o u n d t h e sides of a long plate. A r r a n g e all t h e fruit a n d vegetables in r o w s o n t h e plate. Sprinkle t h e nuts a n d raisins o n t o p and trickle on the d r e s s i n g j u s t bef o r e serving or serve it s e p a r a t e l y .

For dessert serve a h o m e - m a d e C h r i s t m a s pudding, using v e g e t a b l e fat r a t h e r t h a n suet a n d o m i t t i n g eggs, o r , for c o n v e n i e n c e , o n e b o u g h t f r o m a health f o o d s h o p (of the b e s t - k n o w n b r a n d s only Allinson is reliably v e g a n ) .

T o p with Plamil D e l i c e , nut c r e a m , soya custard or similar.

Alternatively, o r a d d i t i o n a l l y , s e r v e : Fruity Fool 1 lb (450g) tofu Either: I lb (450g) soft dried apricots J Or: /4 lb (350g) frozen blackberries + 1 large cooking apple V2 pt (280ml) soya milk brown sugar to taste If using dried apricots, s o a k t h e m a n d t h e n s i m m e r in e n o u g h w a t e r t o c o v e r t h e m until t e n d e r . If using b l a c k b e r ries, simmer with the sliced a p p l e in a little water for 10 m i n u t e s . C o o l t h e s t e w e d fruit, a d d i n g s u g a r if liked, t h e n liquidise to a p u r e e . M a s h a n d sieve if you d o not have a liquidiser. C r u m b l e the tofu into the liquidiser, a d d t h e s o y a milk a n d blend to a s m o o t h consistency. Fold into the fruit p u r e e . C h e c k for sweetness a n d s h a r p n e s s - you can a d d o r a n g e or l e m o n juice if y o u like.

Serve in a glass dish. Y o u c a n m a k e this dish in advance a n d k e e p it c o v e r e d in the fridge.

Happy Christmas eating!

Joyce D'Silva

15

Shoparound A roundup of n e w products a v a i l a b l e to v e g a n shoppers.

Soya Milk Update T o a d d t o t h o s e s u r v e y e d in t h e A u t u m n issue of t h e m a g a z i n e , n o t e the f o l l o w i n g n e w c o m e r s : Granose s u g a r f r e e ( c a r t o n ) , Plamil s u g a r - f r e e ( c a r t o n o r c a n ) , a n d Nature Wise ( c a r t o n ) . T h e last n a m e d is p r o d u c e d by Lancashire Dairies Ltd. O u r h o u s e h o l d f o u n d this t o b e o v e r s w e e t a n d with a n u n p l e a s a n t a f t e r t a s t e . A p r o m p t r e f o r m u l a t i o n is strongly r e c o m m e n d e d !

T a l k i n g of t h i n g s s o y a . Sunrise s e e m t o b e h a v i n g p r o d u c t i o n p r o b l e m s with t h e i r n e w s o y a y o g h u r t s - m o r e n e w s of t h a t in f u t u r e issues - b u t t h e i r ' I c e D r e a m ' is n o w m o r e r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e a n d b o t h t h e vanilla a n d h a z e l n u t vari e t i e s a r e p r o v i n g very p o p u l a r . T h e i r 'Vegetarian Frozen Quarterpound B u r g e r s ' , which are suitable for vegans, a r e n o w o u t a n d selling at a r o u n d £ 1 . 5 5 f o r a p a c k of f o u r .

Multiple Trends T h e r e ' s n o d o u b t a b o u t it, t h e r e ' s m o r e o n o f f e r to vegan shoppers these days.

A t t h e r e c e n t H e a l t h i e r Living S h o w in L o n d o n , I w a s s t r u c k by t h e n u m b e r of m a n u f a c t u r e r s w h o are bearing vegans in m i n d w h e n f o r m u l a t i n g t h e i r p r o d u c t s . A g r o w i n g n u m b e r of m a n u f a c t u r e r s are also clearly labelling their p r o d u c t s as v e g a n a n d s t r e s s i n g this in their adverts. M a j o r companies are n o w p r o d u c i n g v e g a n lines, w h i c h is d o u b l y w e l c o m e in t h a t t h e y a r e m o r e w i d e l y a v a i l a b l e a n d , as a r u l e , c h e a p e r . A c a s e in p o i n t is McVities, w i t h a n e w r a n g e of N a t u r a l C h o i c e biscuits, t w o of w h i c h a r e vegan: W h o l e m e a l Biscuits (37p) and Muesli C o o k i e s (38p). A trend towards healt h i e r f o o d s is a l s o i n c r e a s i n g l y e v i d e n t in t h e b i g m u l t i p l e s t o r e s . Boots n o w h a v e o v e r 3 0 0 F o o d C e n t r e s in t h e i r larger b r a n c h e s throughout the count r y . T h e s e s t o c k g o o d s w h i c h until v e r y recently have been available only f r o m h e a l t h f o o d s h o p s , as well as a n i n c r e a s i n g r a n g e of o w n - b r a n d i t e m s . In t h e i r 'Second N a t u r e ' range there are two s o u p s w o r t h t r y i n g w i t h a l l - n a t u r a l ingredients - Thick Potato and Thick G r e e n B e a n . E a c h p a c k e t m a k e s 1 pint ( 5 6 0 m l ) a n d c o s t s 3 5 p . British H o m e Stores a r e a l s o m a k i n g e f f o r t s t o s t o c k healthier lines; their Muesli Biscuits (45p), S e s a m e Seed & Raisin Biscuits ( 4 9 p ) , a n d W h e a t e n Biscuits ( 4 9 p ) a r e all v e g a n a n d w o r t h t r y i n g .

T h e i n c r e a s i n g n u m b e r of r e a d y c o o k m e a l s is a l s o m a k i n g life e a s i e r f o r vegans. These can be a godsend for the anxious m o t h e r with a vegan student

16

h o m e f o r t h e w e e k e n d , or t h e hostess w i t h o u t t i m e t o c a t e r separately for a v e g a n g u e s t , o r , of course, f o r v e g a n s w h o d o n ' t w a n t t o cook e v e r y m e a l f r o m s c r a t c h . W h e n o n e is used to lowcost v e g a n h o m e - c o o k i n g the price of such i t e m s can c o m e as s o m e t h i n g of a s h o c k , b u t r e m e m b e r , time saved is sometimes precious.

British Home Stores offer a really tasty V e g e t a b l e C u r r y f o r Two at £ 1.39.

Waitrose h a v e a ( r a t h e r bland) Stir Fry R i c e f o r T w o at 7 9 p a n d an excellent C o u r g e t t e s P r o v e n § a l e for T w o at £ 1 . 2 5 . Marks & Spencer's M u s h r o o m P r o v e n g a l e w o u l d m a k e a tasty s t a r t e r t o a m e a l at £ 1 . 3 9 f o r lOoz (280g).

M a r k s & Spencer also d o a S w e e t & S o u r S a u c e in a foil p a c k e t for 79p. But f o r b e t t e r t a s t e , a n d v a l u e , try Sainsbury's v e r s i o n at just 46p a tin.

T h i s g o e s well with t o f u t e m p u r a . Boots s t o c k a r a n g e of Prewett's r e a d y - t o s e r v e m e a l s , f o u r of which are v e g a n : Vegetable Goulash, Lentil Stew, Wholemeal Cannelone, and W h o l e m e a l R a v i o l i . All serve two p e o p l e f o r £1.39. Boots' o w n - b r a n d r a n g e of r e a d y m e a l s h a s a Ratatouille, R i s o t t o , a n d V e g e t a b l e Curry which a r e v e g a n . T h e s e serve two for £1.15.

Vegetarian Feasts Ltd is a c o m p a n y p r o d u c i n g r e a d y m e a l s f o r the health f o o d m a r k e t , b u t t h e y are also available f r o m s o m e s u p e r m a r k e t s (Safeway, Tesco) a n d f r e e z e r centres. Of their o v e n - r e a d y f r o z e n m e a l s the following a r e v e g a n : B e a n s a la G r e c q u e , C a r i b b e a n M e d l e y , P a s t a P e p e r o n i , Chilli sin C a r n e , S h e p h e r d e s s Pie, B o s t o n B a k e d B e a n s , a n d S w e e t & Sour Alm o n d s . T h e s e retail at around £1.19 e a c h a n d a r e a u s e f u l s t a n d b y to h a v e in t h e f r e e z e r . Tesco o f f e r a n o t h e r s t a n d b y w h e n e i t h e r time or ingred i e n t s a r e l a c k i n g - a range of eight vegan soups: Minestrone, Tomato & Vegetable, Spring Vegetable. Tomato, French-style O n i o n , Pea, Asparagus, a n d M u s h r o o m . A t just 21p for a packet w h i c h m a k e s 1 >/2 p i n t s (850ml) t h e y are v e r y k e e n l y p r i c e d .

T h r e e f o r t h e Pot N o w for s o m e items less widely available: Direct Foods have l a u n c h e d a new r a n g e of m e a l s u n d e r the clever title ' B e a n Pot' t o e n c o u r a g e p e o p l e t o m a k e b e t t e r use of pulses. T h e r e a r e t h r e e varieties: F a r m h o u s e R e c i p e , 5B e a n C a s s e r o l e , a n d O r i e n t a l Style.

E a c h pack m a k e s 3-4 servings. Alt h o u g h the b e a n s still n e e d t o b e p r e soaked and cooked before adding the sauce mix a n d c o o k i n g f u r t h e r , t h e s e dishes are simple to p r e p a r e a n d the e n d results are tasty.

Be-Well are also trying to d o a p o p u l a r i z i n g j o b - this t i m e with grains.

T h e i r new ' A m a z i n g G r a i n s ' r a n g e offers f o u r choices: Mixed G r a i n K a s h a , G r a i n Pilaf, S a v o u r y C o u s c o u s , and C e r e a l S a v o u r . A p a c k e t costs 99p and c o n t a i n s t w o sachets, each m a k i n g two servings.

Golden Archer have p r o d u c e d a new r a n g e of f o u r r e a d y - c o o k meals: Cass e r o l e , Chilli, C u r r y , a n d B o l o g n e s e .

T h e s e i n c o r p o r a t e 'biologically text u r e d ' soya p r o t e i n a n d sell at 6 0 p a tin.

Tomorrow Foods have a T a n d o o r i C u t let Mix a n d a N u t b u r g e r Mix at £1.20 a p a c k e t , which m a k e s six cutlets or burgers, as the case m a y b e . T h e s e are simplicity itself t o p r e p a r e , just n e e d i n g a d d e d w a t e r , a n d are very tasty.

T w o m o r e items to look out for: T o f e a t a Soya B e a n C u r d by Hera - sold in a c a r d b o a r d pack with recipe suggestions. A particularly good t o f u in my o p i n i o n . Priced at 59p for lOoz (280g).

A n d , secondly, Springhill S a v o u r y M a l t e d Yeast F l a k e s at £1.99 f o r a big j a r . If you want a real t r e a t , try the 'Tasty Y e a s t T o p p i n g ' recipe o n the label; o n toast it m a k e s a delicious vegan Welsh r a r e b i t .

Stop p r e s s ! ' N u t r i b u r g e r s ' , p r o d u c e d by CareFoods of M a n c h e s t e r , are now available f r o m health a n d w h o l e f o o d o u t l e t s with f r e e z e r facilities. T h e y c o m e in p a c k s of f o u r tasty q u a r t e r p o u n d e r s , priced at £1.85. F r o m F e b r u a r y they will be available f r o m f r e e z e r centres.

Lis Howlett

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

Growhow Alan and Elaine Garrett, co-founders of the Vegan Self-Sufficiency Network, continue their regular column aimed at existing and would-be vegan gardeners,

Pest Prevention and Control

C

oping with pests can be a major dilemma for vegan gardeners who are most likely to want to avoid the use of toxic chemicals and are also probably reluctant to resort to intentional killing.

Prevention being always better than cure, let's first look at how we can avoid attracting the attention of potential pests from the outset. Perhaps the most important point for any gardener to keep in mind is that healthy plants, like healthy people, seem to have a natural resistance to attack by harmful elements.

The prime factor in the development of vigorous plants is a healthy soil - one which is deep, well-drained and aerated, rich in humus and mineral, usually with a pH of 6.5 to 7 and free of pollutants.

Apart from growing in a healthy soil, we can improve the potential of our plants by selecting varieties that are resistant to specific infestations or diseases, and by providing the optimum conditions and

treatment for every plant.

Generally this means that the climate, aspect, sowing and planting times, spacing, watering and feeding should all match requirements. To avoid developing disease or infestation, any seriously damaged or unhealthy plants should be treated or removed as necessary. Diseased plants should not be composted but burnt immediately.

Preventive Measures The following ideas can be incorporated in your pest prevention plans: Crop rotation is the system of dividing the garden into three or more plots, around which the planting of annual crops is rotated each year according to predetermined groupings. This avoids the potential build up of specific soilborne pests and diseases that might otherwise develop if certain crops are grown in the same place year after year.

Companion plants are those that have been observed to be beneficial to other varieties grown in their close vicinity.

THINKING AHEAD? There must be many of our readers who would like to support the Vegan Society in its work but have limited means at present. There is, however, an easy way of giving valued financial support regardless of present circumstances - by including a legacy to the Society in your will. Great or small, such legacies can make a real and lasting contribution to the promotion of vegan ideals. What better way can there be to help the Society without loss of income? For those who would like to remember the Society in their will the following form of bequest is suggested: "I bequeath to the Vegan Society Ltd, Registered Charity no. 279228, presently at 33-35 George Street, Oxford OX1 2AY, the sum of ÂŁ , and 1 declare that the receipt of the Treasurer or other authorised officer of the said Society shall be good and sufficient discharge of such legacy."

Property left to the Society is another valuable contribution to our cause. If you wish to will land or property to the Society please write for details to the Treasurer, at the registered office.

The Vegan, Winter 1985

Plants that are claimed to be good companions are usually those which repel harmful insects or stimulate growth and vigour.

Scarecrows. There are various means by which we can take advantage of the natural timidity of most birds and animals to keep them off crops.

The traditional scarecrow is an obvious example. Other versions of this can include dummy birds of prey and snakes. These are reportely effective when set in or around the garden. Simpler 'scarers' can be made from plastic tape stretched taut so that it will 'hum' in the breeze, or aluminium foil scraps fastened to lengths of string.

Physical barriers can be used to exclude pests from the garden or from specific crops. A fence, wall or well-made hedge can keep out rabbits and deer, and nets and cages can be used to keep birds off fruit or seed beds. (Don't forget though that many birds are helpful in the garden, eating caterpillars, slugs, aphids and other pests.)

Threatened crops can be protected from slugs and snails by ringing either the bed or individual plants with 'barriers' made of any of various substances that these creatures will avoid crossing - lime, soot, sharp sand or wood ash for example.

Sprays. Spraying plants or soil with home-made herbal deterrents will often drive away certain insect pests.

Control Measures Apart from the above preventive measures, pests can be controlled by the following means: Gathering. The eviction of some pests can be achieved by laying 'traps' - hiding places for such creatures as snails, slugs and earwigs. These can simply be pieces of board, hollowed-out orange halves, or tubes of newspaper. Caterpillars and colonies of aphids can

also be picked off affected plants. Pests thus gathered can be released on suitable waste ground. Mice and other rodents can be captured alive in humane traps and transferred to the wild.

Natural predators. There are many pest-eating creatures that we can encourage by various means in our gardens.

Blackbirds, thrushes, wrens, tits and robins, amongst others, will consume all sorts of bugs, and hedgehogs, frogs, toads and lizards are also gardeners' friends. Remember that not all insects and soil creatures are 'baddies' - ground beetles, ladybirds, lacewings, hoverflies and centipedes are among the many that prey on garden pests.

To kill or not to kill? That is the question! Only your individual conscience and circumstances can guide you in this. If you are growing food by vegan methods, you are causing little or no harm to the environment in comparison to conventional agriculture. If you lose your own crops to pests, you will then most likely become dependent on food grown by others. Even organic growers will destroy any pests that threaten their crops, so in effect you could be delegating someone else to do the 'dirty work'.

Any vegan who does choose to kill garden pests should recognize the moral obligation to take stronger preventive measures in future and also to actively seek new non-killing alternatives.

Further reading Books offering further guidance on this subject include: Nature On Your Side, G. Buchner & F. Hoogvelt (Pan, 1977) Pest Control Without Poisons, L.D. Hills (Henry Doubleday Research Association, 1964) Companion Planting: Successful Gardening the Organic Way, G. Franck (Thorsons, 1983)

17

Reviews The Real Food Shop and Restaurant Guide

by Clive Johnstone Ebury Press £6.95 Pbk

l ^ a l ' j o o c f S H O P \!M) KlvSTAl K \ v r

—(;uue—

This is a beautifully produced, very professional effort, along the lines of The Good Food Guide. T h e latter mentions which restaurants cater for vegetarians, but The Real Food Guide has progressed a step further and specifies where vegan food is to be found. T h e proportion of restaurants listed here which do cater for vegans is quite astonishing. This is a book which will be welcomed by those who are delighted to find veganism being taken seriously even by those not of the same persuasion.

T h e Guide both c o m p l e m e n t s and improves upon the Vegetarian Handbook in that it has not had to rely on questionnaires completed by the proprietors; the establishments here have all been inspected, and detailed reports are given on each. R e m a r k s like the following: "Vegans fair (sic) slightly less well but, with the t r e m e n d o u s upsurge of interest, menu adjustments are already on the way" (about Harvest Vegetarian Restaurant in Ambleside) or.

"Several of the starters are suitable for vegetarians and

vegans, though for the latter more difficulty is encountered when the main course is reached", (about Chalk & Cheese Restaurant in London), convince the reader that this Guide knows what it is talking about when it states that a restaurant does cater for vegans.

The section on wholefood shops is very detailed. It is a pity guest-houses are not also included, as there are still many parts of the country where good vegan food is only available in guest-houses.

There is also a section on organic growers, and a 'supermarket survey' showing which chains sell various natural foods.

In a first edition of this kind of Guide, complaints about establishments not included are almost inevitable. The Guide is certainly bang up-todate, and there are report forms for readers' feedback at the end - but, curiously, the book is not called the 1985 or 1985/86 Real Food Guide.

Since guides of this kind date so quickly, not dating them is absurd.

Two final criticisms: it is quite extraordinary that a Guide to restaurants where one can get wholesome natural food does not specify if there is an area of the restaurant where one can enjoy this wholesome natural food without at the same time breathing in second-hand smoke from surrounding tables. It lags far behind both the Good Food Guide and the Vegetarian Handbook in this regard. And. second, the criterion for inclusion in the Guide is not that an establishment should be wholefood but that 'there is more than usual concern for quality", yet apart from a handful of Indian ones, no ethnic restaurants at all are listed - no Italian (except the Pizza Express chain!), Greek.

Middle-Eastern, Chinese.

Japanese... do British restaurants really have a monopoly of such concern?

I.eah Leneman

Companion Planting: Successful Gardening the Organic Way

by Gertrud Franck Thorsons £4.95 Pbk

ipiSMISil

Don't be put off by the title this is not just another miniencyclopaedia of largely unconfirmed traditional plant associations. It is an account of a beautifully simple, laboursaving, tightly integrated system of ecological cultivation, the result of 35 years of experience of a conscientious German hausfrau, determined to

provide fresh greenfoods for a large family of humans and animals for most of the year.

Gertrud Franck's ideas are of special interest to vegans as they require no animal manures or chemical fertilisers. One of the beauties of her system is that it is virtually self-fertilising: there is little or no need to import fertility from outside.

Practically every plant fulfils multiple roles: • As food for humans (and, in Frau Franck's case, animals) • As providing shelter and disease-and-pest-resistance for its neighbours • As providing fertility for the whole garden, where its residues are left on the surface as a mulch, incorporated in the compost heap, hoed in as a green manure or converted into liquid manure or sprays by being allowed to ferment in a bucket of water Every plant and every part of every plant, including 'weeds', thus fulfils a vital function as contributing to the food of the whole, including the household that depends on it.

As regards the symbiotic function of plants in helping their neighbours, Frau Franck

VEGE BURGER Two natural products free of artificial additives and animal ingredients.

ANDNOW-

VEOE BANGER THE NATURAL CHOICE • Wholesome and delicious • More protein — Less Fat • High quality — Low cost W H E R E H E A L T H I E R FOODS A R E SOLD For more information contact

The Realeat Company (Dept v S ) 2 Trevelyon Gardens. London NWIO 3JY

18

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

does not rely on hearsay alone but on her own scientific observations over many years.

In particular, she mentions several aromatic herbs and plants with rough surfaces that have proved effective in warding off slugs and snails.

Her system has all the advantages of the No-digging System. As she only advocates working a few inches of topsoil, soil-structure is maintained and steadily improved over the years. Her main 'coworkers' in the soil are earthworms and other living organisms fed on plantresidues, as well as the roots of green manure crops, such as mustard, spinach and fieldbeans, which she leaves to rot in the ground. (If trees, bushes and other perennials are included in the system, their roots fulfil still more valuable functions in drawing up minerals and moisture from the subsoil.)

The Franck system is amazingly economical in labour. Its maintenance would not overtax either a busy or elderly person. It eschews all forms of machinery and demands only three tools: a Swiss hoe, a rake and a fork, used mainly for pricking over encrusted surfaces to aerate the soil.

As it also includes herbs, for both human and plant health, as well as flowers, the Franck system creates a beautiful environment that is attractive to wildlife. Therefore it not only makes for a high degree of self-sufficiency but also makes a valuable contribution to conservation.

Robert Hart

Editor's Note: Copies of The Real Food Shop & Restaurant Guide and Companion Planting can be ordered direct from the Oxford office for cover price + 60p postage & packing (see p25 for ordering details).

Ethiopia: The Challenge of Hunger Graham Hancock Gollancz £3.95 Pbk Graham Hancock, formerly East Africa correspondent of The Economist, traces the history of famine in Ethiopia, charting the successes and failures of Colonel Mengistu's revolutionary government in coping with the present crisis.

Plagued by wars in Eritrea and Tigre and largely ignored by the outside world until the arrival of the television cameras (warning of impending famine was first given by Ethiopia's Relief and Rehabilitation Commission in May 1981), the current administration emerges remarkably well from the analysis. The much-criticised voluntary resettlement programme is presented as a wholly reasonable response to the crisis, whilst the land reform programme has scored some notable successes.

Nevertheless, Ethiopia remains in a desperate situation, with seven million of its 42 million inhabitants threatened by starvation.

Emergency food aid, an essential lifeline in the present crisis, must give way to longterm development aid if Ethiopia is to break free from the shackles of poverty. The book's concluding chapter outlines the attitude and policy changes which need to be made if lasting improvements are to be brought about.

Tigray: Ethiopia's Untold Story Max Peberdy Relief Society of Tigray UK Committee £1.95 Pbk

A rather different perspective on the famine is given in this short and very readable booklet; Christian Aid's Max Peberdy movingly describes the efforts of the Tigrayan 1985 has seen a spate of people to overcome the double publications on the African tragedy of famine and war. food crisis, usually focussing Situated in the north of the on the famine in Ethiopia. country, Tigray province has Here Paul Appleby reviews a selection of this year's additions been particularly badly affected by the famine, with to the literature of famine:

The Vegan, Winter 1985

roughly half its 5 million inhabitants at risk of starvation. To make matters worse, the Tigrayans have been engaged in armed conflict with Ethiopian government forces since 1975, seeking an effective voice in a democratic society.

The author's admiration for the Tigrayan people in their struggle for a more equitable society stands out, and the message of the book is one of hope. Largely ignored by international aid agencies, the Tigrayans 'are doing everthing in their power to help themselves'... Interspersed with photographs by Mike Goldwater and Kirsty Wright, the book shows how a resourceful and determined people can overcome even the most formidable obstacles to development, lending new hope to the world's poor.

to prevent future famine there and elsewhere. These include: increasing aid to the rural sector of developing countries through credit schemes, improving infrastructures, providing agricultural extension services, and other measures designed to benefit small farmers. Recognising the damaging effects of 'a depressed and inequitable international economy', the report acknowledges the urgent need to lift Africa's burden of debt, whilst increasing the level of development aid.

Fighting the Famine

£1.50 (inc. p&p) from Third World First, 232 Cowley Road, Oxford.

A more radical analysis of the African food crisis is presented in:

Dying for Profit — The Real Causes of Famine in Africa

This latest issue of Third World First's magazine Links explores the role of the media Mike Goldwater's memorable in reporting the crisis, the legacy of colonialism, and the photographs can also be seen effects of agri-business and the in Fighting the Famine, a cash-crop economy. Other compact, if somewhat pricey, introduction to the problem; it articles consider Ethiopian government policy, revolution shows how development aid too often ignores the needs of in Tigray, the worsening situation in Sudan, and the poor farmers, concentrating Chinese model of agricultural instead on capital-intensive cash-crop schemes. Yet, as the development. book shows, small-scale food Finally, a useful introduction production projects can and to the world food problem is do make a significant provided in: contribution to the alleviation of rural poverty - a message which needs broadcasting loud and clear in the corridors of aid-giving power.

September issue of New Another book which puts Internationalist magazine the solution of Africa's food £1.00 (inc. p&p) from New crisis in the hands of local Internationalist, 42 Hythe farmers is: Bridge Street Oxford OX1 2EP Nigel Twose Pluto Press £4.95 Pbk

How to Feed the World

Famine: A Manmade Disaster?

Pan £1.95 Pbk

Prepared for the Independent Commission on International Humanitarian Issues, the report traces the causes and effects of famine in Africa and suggests a wholly reasonable set of economic and political reforms which would do much

In the introductory article, editor Chris Brazier describes his vegetarianism as 'an act of protest, a conscientious objection to a system with waste at one end and starvation at the other'. Whether other readers of famine literature make the link between meateating in the rich countries and malnutrition in the Third World remains to be seen.

19

Family Matters Lis Howlett, a vegan of 13 year's standing and mother of two daughters, aged six and two, continues this regular column exploring various aspects of vegan child-care and parenting.

Book List Success

F

ollowing Naomi Lewis's article 'Animal T r a p ' , in the A u t u m n issue, there has been heavy demand for copies of our new list of recommended children's books.

A m o n g the enquirers have been Teachers for Animal Rights and the Vegetarian Society's Publications Committee.

As f u r t h e r recommendations are received, we shall periodically u p d a t e the list. If you would like to see children developing healthier attitudes to animals and the environment in general why not send a photocopy of Animal Trap and the book list, marked 'Attention Children's Librarian', to your local library? If you have contact with schools you could do the same for the school library.

This time I'd like to draw your attention to a rather different book. H e r e is a review by Alan and Elaine Garrett, authors of the magazine's Growhow column: Angela Wilke's Growing Things ( U s b o r n e , £2.50) is an activity book for 7-11 year-olds on how to grow a variety of plants - flowers, vegetables, herbs and trees. The book's colourful presentation is sure to appeal to many children.

T h e theories behind gardening are explained with the help of many pictures and simple instructions throughout the b o o k . T h e projects included, such as growing sunflowers and herbs, planting bulbs and

GROWING

THINGS

'making baby plants', introduce gardening techniques gradually.

The format of the book is good too - the spiral binding helps it to lie flat when in use, and the pages are printed on wipe-clean card.

This book can be recommended as an ideal introduction to gardening for children.

No Pets Please At this time of the year the RSPCA and PDSA always reiterate their wise advice on the unsuitability of pets as Christmas presents for children. I recently discovered some toy glove-puppets which might be of assistance in this, for some at least, problem area. They are called 'Fluppets' and are available from good toy-shops throughout the country. The range comprises a fox, hedgehog, rabbit, squirrel, racoon, skunk and ring-tailed lemur, and they retail at £11-13 each. Fluppets come in special pet-carriers, and their owners are given advice on how to care for their pet and are encouraged to join a Fluppets club and receive regular newsletters about Fluppets and their reallife counterparts. A super present for children of any age!

Further details can be obtained from Furrytails Ltd, Unit 5, Lower Place Centre, Steele Road, London NW10 7AS.

Starting Right A report entitled 'Children at Risk' published in the November issue of New Health contained some very disturbing facts about the quantity of additives consumed by the average British child. A very recent study on eczema in children found food colourings to be even more important allergens than those long-established culprits - cow's milk and eggs.

A recent television programme on the unhealthy nature of the standard British diet pinpointed most alarmingly the effect of a single additive on the

behaviour of a young boy, and showed how dramatically it improved when the additive was identified and eliminated from his diet. It is reassuring to know that, even when not 100% wholefood and additive-free, a sensible vegan diet will spare children and adults alike many of these hazards.

When pregnant or lactating, vegans should take extra special care to feed themselves well with good-quality, nutritious food, and try to steer any weird cravings into healthy channels. Later on vegan parents should aim to establish good eating habits in their children which will not only help them to grow and enjoy sound health but will be a pattern for life. In her book The Vegetarian Baby (Thorsons, £3.50), Sharon Yntema sympathetically explains the problems facing vegetarians wanting to raise vegetarian children. Since, in our own culture at least, there is very little support in the form of handed-down tradition, parental guidance and family wisdom, she likens the task facing first-generation vegetarians to that of an adult learning a second language. There is a struggle to become nutritionally 'fluent'. The nice thing, though, is that their children then become 'native' vegetarians, or vegans, as the case may be. Hers is a very informative book, written after researching the subject very thoroughly in order to raise her own son as a vegetarian. There is much background informa-

tion and guidance drawn from other cultures and other parents' experiences. The book gives detailed nutritional information, sample time charts for the introduction of different foods, and sample daily menus for vegan (as well as vegetarian) babies. There is also a recipe section in which, although nutritious, nothing is too timeconsuming, as the author explains that she returned to work when her baby was still quite young. My main criticism of this book is the note of extreme caution that creeps into every section relating to veganism. although this is a common fault in writers with limited firsthand experience of veganism.

One should not by any means throw caution to the winds, but a healthy breast-fed baby which is allowed to wean itself when it is ready and gradually progresses from taking finger foods from its parents' plates to partaking of the same varied and nutritious foods as the rest of the family will thrive more readily than a child with overanxious parents obsessively logging its nutrient intake at each and every meal.

Rose Elliot's Vegetarian Mother and Baby Book (Fontana, £2.50) is full of sound, common-sense information, both nutritional and practical, on coping with pregnancy and birth and the first two years of the baby's life. The second half of the book consists of recipes, many of which are vegan or suggest vegan alternatives.

They are recipes for parents

•~Usbome Simple Activities

20

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

and the section on baby foods is very brief, as Rose wisely concludes that it is 'far better to get the baby used to family food from the beginning".

In addition to the above I would recommend two booklets. The first. Weaning Your Baby with Wholefoods, is produced by the Wholefood Cookery School in Leicester and is available from The Vegan Society (see p25) for 50p (incl p&p). The recipes, which are all vegan, do not use sugar or salt and advise against using wheat in the first year. These really are recipes for those who feel the need to prepare separate foods for their baby, perhaps because the rest of the family's food is overspiced or unsuitable in some other way.

The second, which is available from The Merchandise Dept.

VSUK, Parkdale, Dunham Road, Altrincham, Cheshire WAN 4QG for 5<)p (incl p&p), is titled Wholefoods for Children and has brief sections on infants, toddlers and schoolage children, with a few favourite recipes. Notwithstanding the references to eggs, cheese etc it is full of handy hints.

Finally, it's worth adding that. if you are lucky enough to have the La Leche League represented in your area, the last session in their cycle of four is always 'Nutrition and Weaning' and that, although few of the leaders are themselves vegan, they are always sympathetic and willing to offer advice. The use of natural goods, in the sense of unprocessed and free from additives, is actively encouraged. The League's manual The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding is a mine of information and a complete baby book in its own right. It can be ordered (ÂŁ4.90 incl p&p) direct from La Leche League, BM3424, London WCIV6XX.

The Vegan, Winter 1985

Postbag Contributions to Postbag are welcomed, but accepted on the understanding that they may be edited in the interests of brevity or clarity.

Send your letters to: _ The Editor, THE VEGAN, 33-35 George Street, Oxford OX1 2AY.

Facing Facts Thank you for Naomi Lewis's article - both subtle and forceful, it is an excellent opening to a long-overdue discussion.

However, we have two criticisms. Naomi Lewis asserts that assumptions and attitudes lie behind oppression. What about social and economic systems - apartheid; the vast profits made from butchering animals? Human wrongs on the mend in Britain?

Homelessness; Asian families fire-bombed; women abused and beaten in their homes?

The other criticism is a major practical one. She urges us to hide the offending books.

Surely censorship, in one form or another, must be judged just as guilty of suppressing/ distorting compassionate views as the killing culture's propaganda is of hiding/ overriding them?

Of course it's difficult to introduce our children to the horrors considered normal in the world. But it's more honest and healthier to confront them through such books than to hide them; we can mitigate the effects through love and respect; we can teach by challenging the attitudes Naomi Lewis rightly criticises.

Following on from these points, it's important to correct the implication that abuse of children has been or is being eradicated. Every possible

statistic and our (or your) everyday observations prove this wrong.

The affinity between children and animals is not just based on innocence. Our culture treats children in many of the ways it treats animals sentimentalising their qualities, imprisoning them 'for their own good', sometimes denying them natural family ties, abusing them with violence and fear.

Hiding books which show these things prevents children from seeing the truth; however unpleasant it may be, knowing what's happening is the first step for children towards fighting their own oppression and that of all living things.

Karen George and Andrew Peel, London.

Inside Out I would like to add to the 'Jailhouse Blues' article which appeared in the Autumn Vegan. I was a vegan prisoner for two months during the summer of this year and found that my membership of the Society was a great help in getting me a vegan diet. I spent eight days of my sentence in Winson Green Prison (Birmingham), where the food I was given was quite good.

The food I was given was mainly vegetables, but I had an apple almost every day. together with yeast extract. I was also given a carton of

Plamil soya milk every other day.

When 1 was moved to a semi-open prison at Featherstone near Wolverhampton I was given a job in the Prison Officers" Mess. This was done deliberately so that I could make my own food out of the available ingredients.

Although I had no problem obtaining decent food I had no alternative but to wear prisonissue shoes, which were made of cow skin. I was also unable to obtain cruelty-free toiletries, so I had to go without shampoo, soap and toothpaste for the duration of my sentence.

And what did I learn? I learnt that vegans could be getting a far better deal in prison. Although progress has been made, an awful lot more has still to be done.

Yours for Animal Liberation, M.P. Houghton, Birmingham.

Barry Kew's feature on vegans in prison was good as far as it went. A card-carrying vegan can survive on a prison diet but a long-term sentence would undoubtedly result in diet-deficiency health problems. The prison system works on the theory that full stomachs mean quiet prisoners, consequently the diet regime is 'stodge-based'; masses of white rice, bread, pastry and spuds. Fresh and tinned fruit was the only item I did not lack. I almost forgot what real nuts, pulses, beans and grains were!

However the Vegan Society could and should do more for vegan prisoners. We should not be asking but demanding a reasonable diet as a basic human right. Vegans will get nothing by being polite to the Home Office. It is a fallacy to think that matters would be made worse for vegan prisoners if there was agitation for vegan prisoners. You are nobody in prison, a nothing, a creature without any rights anyway. It is up to groups and individuals on the outside to raise the standard of prison life. Prisoners could bang their heads on the wall all day and get nowhere, therefore they need a strong and determined voice to speak for them.

Lastly, do not forget that in theory a vegan prisoner has

21

nothing to wear on their feet, cannot wash, clean hair or teeth, and has virtually nothing (apart from tobacco, peanut butter and fruit juice) to buy in the canteen. There is a lot of work left to be done in prisons and we owe it to prisoners of the future to get to grips with it now.

In solidarity, Dave ( allender, Liverpool.

Egg Poser Readers may be as interested as I was by the contents of the advertisement end-pages of one of my older books - a translation of Plutarch's lives, dated 1887.

Apart from Yorkshire Relish (in 6d, lsh, 2sh bottles - readers will be able to convert into modern coin, I hope!), Goodall, Backhouse & Co of Leeds promoted their 'Egg' Powder: 'The Only Known Substitute for Eggs yet Discovered - O n e Sixpenny Tin will go as far as Twenty Eggs (sold in Id packets, 6d and lsh tins)'.

What, one wonders, was the essential ingredient?

I.L. Baker (Mr), llford.

Back to Front I cannot agree with M. Frackman (Autumn Postbag) that the picture of a cow on the cover of the summer Vegan is quite revolting. Does this person not like cows? They are beautiful animals and I am glad you showed one.

I suppose you cannot please everyone.

S. Temple (Mrs), Potion, Beds.

Think Again An item in the autumn Vegan ( With Presents in Mind') recommended Holland & Barrett gift-vouchers as Christmas presents. Readers may be unaware, however, that Holland & Barrett are owned by Booker & McConnell, who have interests in intensive pig-farming and possibly battery-hen farming.

1 believe that logically veganism should not just be about avoiding animal products but also manufacturers and multinationals that exploit humans and animals through any subsidiary or under any guise.

Pitching it Right Given the current health-food boom, this is a time of golden opportunities for increasing the availability of vegan foods and catering. I'd like to offer readers a few tips in this regard.

Write to the big food-store chains (e.g. Tesco, Sainsbury, Waitrose, Marks & Sparks), British Rail's Traveller's Fare, air and shipping lines, motorway service-area restaurants and others to encourage them to offer more vegan foods. When doing so appeal both to their professional pride 'Congratulations on your efforts so far, but I'm sure that with a little bit of help you can do even better' - and to their keen commercial instincts, stressing the rapid growth in demand and profit potential.

Make it easy for them by suggesting convenience food mixes (e.g. Prewett's. Hera, Direct Foods, Sosmix) and frozen foods/meals (e.g.

Vegetarian Feasts, Mr Chef Frozen Foods, Nutriburgers, Sunrise 'Quarterpounders' and 'Ice Dream'). Urge them to write to the Vegan Society for comprehensive lists of vegan foods and sources of supply. Caterers could be encouraged to offer at least one vegan meal as a permanent item on their menus. Again, they could be urged to write to the Society for recipes and other advice.

The more such letters they receive, the more likely they are to stock vegan lines and offer vegan meals.

Good luck!

Simon Peter, Leamington Spa.

In a Sweat As a keen knitter, knitting being my one and only dedicated hobby, I would be grateful for any advice readers can offer on the ethics of using mohair (the hair of the Angora goat) as a knitting yarn. After reading the Vegan Society leaflet 'Wool Machines' 1 gave up using ordinary wool and wool mixtures but find the range of available alternatives rather limited.

J. Butler (Mrs), Sidcup.

Why not?

HOLIDAYS WITH SQUIRREL - 1 9 8 6

... add your name to the growing ranks of those working positively towards an end to all animal abuse and the widespread adoption of a more compassionate and ecological way of life. Simply fill in the form below and send it to: The Membership Secretary The Vegan Society, 33-35 George Street, Oxford OX1 2AY

N o e x p e r i e n c e is n e e d e d for a h o l i d a y afloat o n y a c h t Squirrel, a n d m o s t of m y guests have never been on a y a c h t of a n y k i n d b e f o r e . I w e l c o m e s i n g l e s , c o u p l e s a n d f a m i l i e s a n d all c a t e r i n g is v e g a n ( w i t h o p t i o n a l d a i r y products).

Prices for m y 9th s e a s o n : £ 1 0 0 - £ 1 6 0 per w e e k full b o a r d .

Winter/Spring: S p a i n a n d F r a n c e for s e a - s a i l i n g or c a n a l - c r u i s i n g May: B o r d e a u x - S c o t l a n d for sea-sailing Summer: H i g h l a n d s a n d I s l a n d s of S c o t l a n d for wildlife, b e a u t i f u l s c e n e r y , isolation a n d relaxation.

Send stamp for details to: Brian Burnett (V), 14 A l l i n g t o n Place, Chester C H 4 7DX or Tel: ( 0 2 4 4 ) 6 7 5 5 9 8

HENDERSON'S 94 H a n o v e r S t r e e t Edinburgh THE ORIGINAL SALAD TABLE A N D WINE BAR S E R V I N G DELICIOUS H O T DISHES OF THE D A Y , FRESH S A L A D S , W H O L E F O O D S and DESSERTS O p e n till M i d n i g h t Live Music: piano - guitar Real Ale FULLY LICENSED T I L L 12 M I D N I G H T Telephone: 031-225 2131

22

Those ignorant of the above facts should know the truth.

Alan Cooper, Chorlton.

Please tick either: • I wish to become a FULL M E M B E R o t the V e g a n S o c i e t y Ltd and undertake to abide by its rules a s set o u t in t h e S o c i ety's M e m o r a n d u m a n d Articles of A s s o c i a t i o n . I d e c l a r e that I a m a p r a c t i s i n g v e g a n a s currently d e f i n e d b y t h e C o u n cil of t h e V e g a n S o c i e t y Ltd (see Information. p 2 )

or: • I w i s h t o b e c o m e a n Ass o c i a t e M e m b e r of t h e V e g a n S o c i e t y . A l t h o u g h not a practising vegan, I agree with the Society's a i m s a n d w o u l d like t o s u p p o r t its w o r k

I e n c l o s e p a y m e n t as f o l l o w s (please tick): • £6.50 for one p e r s o n • £4.00 for one person u n w a g e d • £8.50 for family • £ 6 . 0 0 f o r family u n w a g e d • £ 1 0 0 . 0 0 for life m e m b e r s h i p • I w o u l d like to s u p p o r t y o u r w o r k a n d for this p u r p o s e e n c l o s e a d o n a t i o n of: • £5 0 0 • £ 1 0 . 0 0 • £ 2 5 0 0 | ] £ 5 0 0 0 • £ Please make cheques payable to The Vegan Society Ltd. or charge to Access Card number: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Name on card I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I [ T l Name Address

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

Noticeboaxd THE ANIMALS DIARY

claimed. Contact The Office Manager, The Vegan Society Ltd, 33-35 George Street, Oxford OX1 2 AY (Tel: 0865722166), supplying details of practical skills possessed.

Working Party

The 1986 Animals Diary shows animal exploitation and liberation in photos, drawings and cartoons - many produced especially tor the book.

Following last year's format, the Diary contains 128 pages with a week to each doublepage spread. Special dates are marked, and appropriate pictures accompany World Day for Laboratory Animals, hunting seasons etc.

The resource section at the back includes an expanded list of cruelty-free cosmetics, alternative medicine, first aid for wild birds, information on animal farming/human famine and, of course, comprehensive lists of animal societies in the UK and abroad.

Size: 8'/< x 5Vfe" (leaflet size) with laminated cover Price: £2.50 + 50p p&p from The Vegan Society Ltd, 33/35 George Street, Oxford 0 X 1 2AY. The Animals Diary is produced

by Animus - Against All Forms of Animal Abuse

Funding Growth In order to offset rising overheads and to help fund the ambitious expansion programme now underway.

Vegan Society membership fees have been increased to more realistic, yet still reasonable levels: £6.50 for individuals (£4.00 unwaged) and £8.50 for families (£6.00 unwaged).

Lend a Hand Volunteers within easy travelling distance of the Oxford office are urgently needed to help cope with the burgeoning workload.

Travelling expenses may be

The Vegan, Winter 1985

Following the adoption of a proposal at the 1985 AGM, a permanent working party is to be established for the purpose of monitoring and publicizing developments relevant to vegan methods of agriculture.

Persons wishing to be considered for membership of the working party should write to the Oxford office (marking their envelope 'Vegan Agriculture Working Party') stating their reasons for applying. Working party members need not be members of the Vegan Society, but should be able to demonstrate a theoretical or practical knowledge of agriculture/ horticulture.

Child-care Guide Eve Gilmore, compiler of the contact list of vegan families throughout the country, has been receiving a growing number of requests for information on specific aspects of vegan child-rearing. It has therefore been decided to revise and update the Vegan Society publication Vegan Mothers and Children with a view to making it as visually attractive and informative as possible to existing and wouldbe vegan families, health visitors etc. Vegan parents are warmly invited to contribute ideas and materials on the subject. Write to the Oxford office, marking the envelope 'Child-care Guide'.

Cookery Courses The autumn series of day courses in vegan cookery proved so successful (see Demo Sell-out in News section) that plans are afoot for a new series in April/May. Keep your eyes peeled for a notice in the next issue.

Fun Run The Sunday Times Fun Run, to be held in London's Hyde Park in September 1986, is only 2x/2 miles and it would be good to have two or three teams of 6-10 vegans taking part. This will give a lot of free publicity to the vegan cause, even if we don't sweep the board. With lots of different age groups in both male and female categories, vegans of all ages can take part. If interested contact:

Insurance Discounts Trans-Mercantile is an insurance and travel company founded by life-vegetarian Amarjeet-singh Bhamra, former member of the VSUK Youth Section Committee.

The company will arrange any form of insurance (life, car, household contents, etc) at reduced premiums for vegans and vegetarians. Contact: Trans-Mercantile, Agents, Halifax Building Society, 8 Grenfell Road, Maidenhead SL6 1ER, Berkshire. Tel: 0628-782194.

Greenpeace ILondonl This organization urgently requires cheap premises to function as a postal address and in which to hold meetings and store campaign materials.

Ideas/assistance to: Greenpeace (London), 6 Endsleigh Street, London WC1. Tel: 01-387 5370.

established group write to us and we'll send you our contact mailout. Further information from: S.C.A.R, PO Box B9, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire.

London Vegans Please note the change of address of London Vegans - a newly-formed group of vegans and vegan sympathizers active in the capital: 7 Deansbrook Road, Edgware, Middlesex HA8 9BE. Tel: 01-952 3037.

Directory Update Please note the following additions to the 1985 Directory of Places Catering for Vegans: Cafes & Restaurants The Cafe Theatre, Exeter & Devon Arts Centre, Gandy Street, Exeter, Devon Tel 038222941 La Vida, 164 Cherry Orchard Rd, East Croydon, Surrey CRO 6BB Tel 681 3402 Bevers Wholefood Restaurant, 36 St. Michael's Street, Oxford Tel 0865 724241 Bevers Wholefood Restaurant, 1 Park Street Avenue, Bristol Tel 0272 299737 Cornucopia Vegetarian, Vegan and Wholefood Restaurant, 33 Cannon St, Preston, Lanes Mortiboys Chip Shop, 2 Parade Square, Lostwithiel, Cornwall PL220AS Tel 872673 Back of Beyond, 55 Load Street, Bewdley, Worcs DY12 2AP Tel 0299 403114

Talking Health

Your attention is drawn to the remaining talks in the Nature Cure Clinic's winter series: Wednesday, IS January: 'Alternatives to Animal Research' by Dr Gill Langley.

The Student Campaign for Thursday, 27 February: Animal Rights (S.C.A.R) 'Dowsing for Health' by exists to facilitate Dr P.D. Mulkern. Thursday, communication between 20 March: First Aid student groups and to help Homoeopathic and students to set up animals Naturopathic' by Dr Brian rights societies. If you are a Kaplan. student and wish to start up a group, or have a problem (e.g.

All meetings begin at having to do a dissection for 6.30pm at the Clinic. Tickets ' A ' level biology) drop us a £1.50 from: The Nature Cure line and we will try to help Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, out. If you belong to an London W1M3AL.

S.C.A.R

23

Publications & Promotional Goods All prices include postage and packing. Unless otherwise indicated, all publications are paperback.

FIRST

HAND FIRST RATE

Publications:

Feeding the Family Leaflet with recipes 25p Festive Recipes Leaflet with Christmas and special occasions in mind 25 p

Vegan Mothers and Children Ten mothers of this and the last generation describe the rearing of vegan children.

Includes reports of recent research by T. Sanders, PhD (Nutr) 70p

In addition to the publications listed above, the following are among many useful and informative works produced independently of the Society available from our Merchandise Dept.

Backpacking & Hostelling the Vegan Way Leaflet with recipes 25p Plant Foods for Human Health Prof. J. Dickerson 35p MR

What better gift to an interested friend or relative than a year's subscription (4 issues) to the new-look Vegan?

Just send £2.75 and the name and address of intended recipient and we'll take care of the rest.

PRACTICAL VEGANISM

ntui

R»»MM

*miuu i

Vegan Nutrition

by F. Ellis M D F R C (Path) a n d T . Sanders PhD (Nutr) A scientific assessment of the vegan diet, incorporating easy-to-follow tables enabling recommended intake of essential nutrients to be met from plant products only £1.00

What Else is Cooking?

by Eva Batt 300 vegan recipes, together with practical hints. Wipeclean cover, spiral-bound £3.95

The Role of Plants in Feeding Mankind

by Prof. A. Bender Price 45p Veganism - Scientfic Aspects

by T. Sanders PhD (Nutr) 40p The Vegan Way: Whv? And How? Ten very different vegans tell their tale 60p Pioneers of The New Age Twelve early vegans reminisce 60p Compassion: The Ultimate Ethic

by Victoria Moran Examines the philosophy and history of veganism £5.45

i f THE I

J

—

V

e

g

a

n

THE EXTENDED

—

SHOPPERS GUIDE

CIRCLE I

An Introduction to Practical Veganism A beginner's guide.

First Hand, First Rate

by Kathleen Jannaway 60 simple and economical sugar-free recipes based on home-grown foods. Includes gardening hints. 65p

24

S U M M E R 1985

£1-00

Vegan Shopper's Guide

by Sandra Hood Check-list of vegan products £1.25 Vegan Menus/Nutrition Card Laminated for kitchen use 50p

IK' I uvsi VL-gin( <>iK,» vlhllic Vegan nr.

Eva Batt's Vegan Cookery

by Eva Batt A revised and updated reprint of What's Cooking? the classic vegan cookbook. Packed with recipes and practical advice £3.45 1985 Directory of Places Catering for Vegans Lists hotels, guest-houses, bed & breakfast accommodation, cafes, restaurants 90p

A

A DICTIONARY OF HUMANE THOUGHT EDITED BY J O N W Y N N E T Y S O N

The Extended Circle: A Dictionary of HumaneThought edited by Jon Wynne-Tyson A unique anthology, destined to become a standard reference work £5.95

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

Food for a Future

by Jon Wynne-Tyson A classic work, powerfully arguing all aspects of the vegan case - moral, economic, ecological, physiological and nutritional. Packed with information, statistics, quotations, nutritional and dietary data £1.80

In addition to national initiatives, local campaigning and activities a r e essential to a vigorous and effective Vegan Society. With back-up from the Oxford office, each of the local vegan contacts ILVCs) listed below is responsible for co-ordinating promotional work at local level. You can play your part by getting in touch with your nearest t.VC and finding out w h a t ' s on in your a r e a . If you w ould like to act as an LVC yourself, please write for full details to t h e Oxford office, m a r k i n g your envelope ' L V C Co-ordinator'.

ENGLAND

Promotional Goods: Look good and spread the word!

Tofu Cookery

by Louise Hagler 200 easy-to-follow recipes, from appetizers to main-course' dishes and desserts. Superbly illustrated £10.95 Healthy Eating for (he New Age

by Joyce d'Silva A vegan cookbook full of excellent and varied recipes which follow health-food, as well as vegan principles £4.35 Vegan Cooking

by Leah Leneman A vegan best-seller. Includes 'The Vegan Dairy', 'Tofu the Wonder Food' and recipes using proprietary health foods £2.25p

New-style Vegan Society T-shirt (as illustrated) with colourful, eye-catching design Sizes: Adult- S/L only £3.50 Child - ages 2-4,6-8,8-10 £3.00

N. IRELAND

SCOTLAND

Order Form Order now (block capitals throughout please) from: Merchandise Dept., The Vegan Society Ltd, 33-35 George Street, Oxford OX 1 2AY Please send the following item(s): Item

Quantity

Cost WALES

I enclose a cheque/postal order made payable to: The Vegan Society Ltd., for £ Name Address Postcode ...

Eire & Overseas: Payment must be by sterling cheque drawn on an English bank or an international money order.

Overseas: Add extra to cover additional postal expenses.

The Vegan, Winter 1985

25

KALAMAKI RETREAT, Dover Imaginative. nutritious vegan/vegetarian/wholefood Bed. breakfast, evening meal Tranquil, spiritual atmosphere, bungalow home. Evening meditation in the cedar room Tel (0304) 373739

Classifieds W h e n replying t o advertisements please m e n t i o n The Vegan.

ACCOMMODATION

LONDON. O U I E T . W A R M , friendly hotel G o o d home cooking, proprietors vegetarian.

B A B from £10 50 Q u e e n d a l e l o d g e . St Augustine's Avenue. Croydon. G r e a t e r L o n d o n Tel 01 -688 2839

A C C O M M O D A T I O N in return foi help with u p k e e p ; h o u s e / g r o u n d s (nature reserve).

V e g f a m . T h e S a n c t u a r y . Nr L y d f o r d .

O k e h a m p i o n . D e v o n E X 2 0 4 A L Tel 082 282 203

HOLIDAYS IN PEACEFUL SURROUNDINGS midway Inverness/Nairn Vegetarian/Vegan. Touring, walking. Guests welcome all year. Lawson. Eynhallow. Croy.

Inverness Tel 06678-352

ACCOMMODATION WANTED

S C A R B O R O U G H . The Berjac . 69 Westborough. Family-run hotel Near town centre, own car park, midweek bookings accepted B B A E M £8 70. no V A T Reductions children sharing Vegetarian a able. Brochure -

WANTED TO RENT, long term, by creative vegans: an isolated large country house, p r e f e r a b l y i n S . W England. Building and restoration Please telephone

CATERING I M A G I N A T I V E VEGAN AND VEGETARIAN CATERING A N D Q U A L I T Y W I N E S (or all occasions Ring F o o d for All Seasons' on 01-558 6813 for sample m e n u s

CHARITIES V E G F A M f e e d s the hungry via plant-based f o o d s t u f f s , leaf p r o t e i n , seeds, irrigation etc.

D o n a t i o n s to: "Hie Sanctuary. L y d f o r d .

O k e h a m p t o n . D e v o n E X 2 0 4 A L Tel L y d f o r d 203

EATING OUT For comprehensive list see Vegan Society publication 1985 DIRECTORY OF PLACES CATERING FOR VEGANS ESSEX. A C O R N N A T U R A L F O O D C A F E O a k w o o d A r t s C e n t r e . Maldon. Vegan and vegetarian catering. O p e n Mon-Sat. 10am5pm Early closing W e d 2pm. Tel 52317.

T O T N E S , DEVON Willow' wholefood vegetarian restaurant. Menu changed daily to include vegan dishes. Friendly a n d relaxed a t m o s p h e r e . Children very welcome. TeJ 0803-862605

FOR SALE MODERNISED STONE-BUILT COTTAGE, 2 b e d r o o m s , n o r t h coast Scotland. Believed to b e o n Ley Line nr Bettyhill. Used as spiritural r e t r e a t . All conveniences, well-appointed, sea view, n u Bird

HEALING I R I D O L O G Y o f f e r s a h u m a n e a p p r o a c h to healing. Register or training information send 2»17p s t a m p s to S C H O O L O F I R I D O L O G Y ( V ) . Bright H a v e n . Robin s I . a n c . L o l w o r t h . C a m b r i d g e C B 3 KHH

HOLIDAY ACCOMMODATION For comprehensive list see Vegan Society publication 1985 DIRECTORY OF PLACES CA TERING FOR VEGANS B E X H I L L - O N - S E A . Vegan/vegetarian bed a n d b r e a k f a s t . B e d t i m e and morning drinks facilities £7 a night £35 weekly. T e l 042 43 5153 ISLE O F W I G H T . Small private hotel in p e a c e f u l West Wight. N e a r National Trust d o w n l a n d a n d T e n n y s o n Heritage Coast.

C o m f o r t a b l e a c c o m m o d a t i o n with central heating. Excellent h o m e cooking by vegetarian p r o p r i e t o r . W h o l e f o o d s , vegetarian o r vegan.

O p e n Easter ring

P E N Z A N C E . Self-catering a c c o m m o d a t i o n for 3-4. T w o miles f r o m Penzance with large g a r d e n , sea and c o u n t r y views. Occasional vegan m e a l s available Tel 0736 62242 L I N C O L N S H I R E . Vegan D . B A B Lincoln W o l d s . Viking Way Children welcome N o s m o k i n g , dogs. C r o m p t o n , Lapwings, Apley L N 3 5 J O Tel W r a g b y 858101

26

SEND SAE to Unit A l . Chapman s Yard.

Waterhouse Lane. Scarborough Y O l 1 1 DP for free leaflets on Raw Food Diet' and/or Tao". the great philosophy of ancient China, still thriving.

VEGETARIAN MATCHMAKERS: Discreet postal introduction service exclusively for unattached adult vegetarians/vegans, nationwide (Clients from diverse walks of life - ages from 18 to sunset years). Dreams could become reality for you too, by requesting details today from V M M. Dept V Q . 131 Sirdar Road. London N22 GRAPHOLOGIST. Hidden potentials revealed in your handwriting. Mental Emotional. Psychological, w r i t e a letter of at lea t

V E G A N S W E L C O M E to The Chalet . ni the Mersey Valley, Manchester City and Pennines.

Brochure Jane A David. 58 High L,ane, Manchester M21 1DZ Tel 061 881 1788 M A G I C A L , TIMELESS Luccombc Chine.

Isle of Wight Quiet, sandy bay. towering downs, approached by private lane Fairy-tale lodge sleeping 2-6. log fire, superbly equipped, overlooking the sea A beautiful view, u n m a r r e d by civilization from every window Pretty Victorian gardens, own forest, cliff, f o r e s h o r e SSSI in 10 acres. Wild primroses, rare orchids, colourful bird table, red squirrels, armchair badger watching A place for dreams. All seasons. London three hours Tel 0703 220181 SNOWDONIA. W h e r e the mountains sweep d o w n to the sea. Exclusively vegetarian/vegan wholefood dinner/BAB. Our converted farmhouse (inglenook/woodburner. open b e a m s ) nestles high on the slopes of Yr Eifel m o u n t a i n , with spectacular views of the sea and mountains. Designated "an area of national beauty'. Superb beach. Abundant wildlife. Hiker's, sailor's, historian's paradise S t a m p appreciated. Brochure available from: Llwyn-y-Brig, Trefor, near C a e r n a r f o n , N. Wales (0286 86 693)

MAIL ORDER

PUBLICATIONS AHIMSA. Quarterly magazine of the American Vegan Society. Veganism. Natural Living. Reverence for Life. Calendar year subscription $8 Address: 501 Old Harding.

Highway. Malaga. NJ 08328. USA BUDDHIST MEDITATION: Two practical booklets Send £1 to: Buddhist Publishing G r o u p (V). P O Box 136. Leicester LE2 4 T Z •THE CANCER BUSINESS' Third edition 5 0 p o r 3 for £1 post paid P Rattigan. Health C e n t r e . 9Monson Street. Lincoln WESTERN BUDDHIST magazine presents a new and practical form of buddhism for westerners. All enquiries to: Western Buddhist (Dept C ) . 30 Hollingbourne G d n s .

Ealing. London W13 8EN

MISCELLANEOUS VEGAN ACCOUNTANT. Preparation of accounts for submission to Inland Revenue.

V A T returns, wages etc. Full bookeeping/ accountancy se

MILL YOl'R OWN A vegan diet begins with the seven g r a i n s w h e a t , rye. barley, oats. rice, maize, millet (plus buckwheat). Make the most of them with a home mill.

Mill Fine for crepes, c r i m e s A cakes; coarse for wholemeal breads and hearty broths - always fresh, always wholemeal Only fresh milling guarantees you all the goodness of the grain S A E for full list to: Home Milling Enterprises. Old Laundrv H o u s e . Pencaitland, EH34 SAT. Scotland •THE VEGAN S H O P ' sells all Vegan Society publications and merchandise, plus o t h e r nooks of interest to vegans. Also vegan, nonanimal-tested toiletries, cosmetics and household goods. 5% discount to Vegan Society members (except on books). Please support an all-vegan enterprise, and help us expand into shop premises. For mail order lists, write to: 86 Tilehurst R o a d , Reading R G 3 2 L U enclosing sae.

L I Q U I D C O N C E N T R A T E is the biodegradable liquid soap derived from coconut oil. which is free from animal products and animal testing. S A E for details: D e p t E V , Janco Sales, 11 Seymour R o a d , H a m p t o n Hill. Middlesex TW12 I D D C A T A L O G U E available from Society Against Violation of the Environment ( S A V E ) Vegan toiletries/household products, boxed sterling silver jewellery. Bird of Peace".

Puffin', etc. Cuddly toys, seals, whales, dolphins, cats, dogs, pyjama cases. Campaign T-shirts and more.

C u r r e n t SAVE campaigns are to s t o p the Faroese whale slaughter, to s t o p the slaughter of gannets on the island of Sula Sgeir; the monitoring into disposal of toxic wastes.

Send sae to S A V E (Trading D e p a r t m e n t ) .

2 T h o r n t o n End. H o l y b o u r n e . A L T O N , Hants

PERSONAL

The Promised Land of Fr

AE

RATES AND CONDITIONS Personal £3.(K) for 20 words (minimum).

Additional words I S p e a c h .

Commercial £4.00 for 20 words (minimum).

Additional words 20p each.

Box Mo £1.50 extra Semi-display charged at a standard rate of £4 per column centimetre Series discount 4 consecutive insertions 7'/2%.

PAYMENT By cheque or postal order, made payable to The Vegan Society and sent to: Advertising Manager, The Vegan. 33-35 George Street, Oxford OXI 2A Y. Eire and Overseas: payment must be by sterling cheque drawn on an English bank or by international money order.

CHRISTIAN SINGLES. Social events New friends. Fellowship groups. Weekend house parties. Nationwide. Holidays, home and abroad - Christian friendship fellowship.

Dept/P24. F.denthorpe. Doncastcr

PUBLICATION DATES 21 March (Spring) 21 June (Summer) 21 September ( A u t u m n ) 21 December (Winter)

VEGETARIAN/VEGAN SINGLES. Party in central London soon. All ages welcome. S A E to Vera Doig, 14A Woodlands R o a d .

Isleworth. Middx.

COPY DATES The first day of the month preceding the month of publication

GAY VEGETARIANS: a mixed group with T shirts, G .

CONDITIONS O F ACCEPTANCE The submission of an advertisement is deemed to warrant that the advertisement does not contravene any Act of Parliament nor is it in any other way illegal or defamatory or an infringement of any other party's rights or an infringement of the British Code of Advertising Practice.

The Vegan Society reserves the right to refuse or withdraw any advertisement without explanation.

Although every care is taken, the Vegan Society cannot accept liability for any loss or inconvenience incurred as a result of errors in the wording, or the late or non-appearance of an advertisement.

COMMUNES AND COMMUNITIES information pack "An Introduction to Communal Living". £3 from Rcdfield.

Winslow. Bucks M K I 8 3LZ Annie Dale DD.ND. A Futurescope" by world-renowned British clairvoyant Includes life-cycles, health, future etc Send photo, questions £3 Know-yourself'Self Awareness' course is available. Confidential and prompt reply. 5 Links Av, Mablethorpe, Lines LN12 I<5L LOOKING FOR PENPALS? Monthly lists of people in many countries £ I each 1 Burnwood Drive. Wollaton. Nottingham N G 8 2DJ CONTACT CENTRE is a friendship agency, quite different from all other*. It enables you to choose your friend(s) from detailed advertisements or to write an advertisement yourself without disclosing your name and address C O N T A C T C E N T R E gives you full scope; you don't even have to complete a form CONTACT C E N T R E now operates a Vegan Service in addition to the Vegetarian/ vegan Service and the International Pen-friend Service without hidden charges and with many offers for a nominal fee. or even free As we cannot tell all in this advertisement. please find out how you too can benefit by the range o( flexible services by requesting free details from Contact Centre. BCM Cuddle.

London W C I V 6 X X Full translational services from and into G e r m a n . French and Dutch

Cancellations may not be accepted after the copy date.

Refunds are only payable when an advertisement is cancelled before the copy date. In such cases a charge of £1 is made.

The Vegan, Winter 1985 1

HAPPIDOG , IPERMEAL HI

20kg 10kg 2kg x 10 (packs to a

- £10.38 - £ 5.68 -£15.54 box)

Prices include VAT & delivery within the UK mainland Trade enquiries welcome

r

completely balanced 100% vegetable diet suitable for all breeds

Formulated from the highest quality cooked materials as a total vegetable-protein diet Happidog Supermeal contains: flaked whole maize, wheat and barley. Flaking is achieved by micronisation - a process of soaking, rolling and cooking by infra-red burners for high digestability. Also included are micronised ground soya, kibbled potato crisps a n d textured vegetable-protein chunks.

Happidog also contains every vitamin, mineral a n d trace element at the correct levels for t h e nutritional requirements of all dogs.

Absolutely no additives necessary

ICONVENIENT - straight f r o m t h e b a g i n t o t h e b o w l . J u s t a d d hot w a t e r a n d allow t o c o o l .

PALATABLE - i m m e d i a t e a c c e p t a n c e b y 9 6 % of d o g s r a n d o m l y c h o s e n f r o m different b r e e d s of p e t a n d w o r k i n g d o g s . A h e a l t h y diet t h a t d o g s r e a l l y enjoy.

ECONOMICAL - t h e total c o s t of f e e d i n g a 5 0 l b b o d y - w e i g h t d o g w i t h no additional r e q u i r e m e n t s is a p p r o x £1 p e r w e e k .

Over 200 Veterinary Surgeons are currently using and recommending Happidog for the increasing number of dogs suffering from meat related dietary problems.

Don't let your dog be next...

•a

PLEASE SUPPLY

•

x 20kg • x 10kg • x2kgx10

NAME ADDRESS POSTCODE CHEQUE

INTRODUCTORY OFFER FOR THE ENTERPRISING 10 x 2kg packs for £12.00 - delivered to your door free of charge. 2kg is approximately one week's supply for an average-sized dog. Introduce 9 friends to HAPPIDOG and create a worthwhile profitable part-time business!

The Vegan, Winter 1985

ENCLOSED

HAPPIDOG PETFOODS,

B R I D G E N D , B R O W N H I L L LANE, LONGTON, PRESTON, LANCASHIRE PR44SJ 27

Sportspeople <&ifirM takes the biscake

This is the new and convenient way to take a high proportion ol your daily requirement of first-class protein Each biscake (and there are twelve in every pack) provides 1.875g of protein. Sports people need extra protein and 'Granny Ann' Hi-Pro Biscakes can give that necessary complementary boost. Take a couple with you on your training sessions - eat them anytime, anywhere.

They are really wholesome and nutritious too . . all the ingredients are natural and free from animal products and gluten. Because of this they are also a most useful source of additional nutrition for people who are ill or convalescing. Or for people who simply like good wholesome food!

'Granny Ann' Hi-Pro Biscakes are avail able from health food stores.

•

g

HI-PRO Biscakes

For further i n f o r m a t i o n s e n d SAE for free leaflet to:

Itona Products Limited, Leyland Mill Lane, Wigan

SATISFIED? DISSATISFIED? Y o u really like y o u r w o r k b u t y o u ' r e n o t settled in t h e job. M a y b e y o u could earn m o r e or m a y b e your future doesn't seem secure or your prospects not bright enough.

W e m a y not be able to offer y o u a job straightaway b u t if y o u l i k e u s a n d w e l i k e y o u w e c a n s o o n p r o v i d e a real c a r e e r o p p o r t u n i t y that you're unlikely to find elsewhere

We are a more than equal opportunities company.

Write or Ring Norma Williams 01-654-3133.

Y o u h a v e t o live in L o n d o n a n d b e e n g a g e d professionally as either a: — JOBBING. ELECTRICIAN (Advanced/Technician) JOBBING, P L U M B E R (Advanced/Technician) HEATING/HOT WATER FITTER/TECHNICIAN/ ENGINEER (with welding experience) AIR C O N D I T I O N I N G T E C H N I C I A N (Maintenance) SALES E N G I N E E R (Building Services Maintenance) JUNIOR SECRETARY TECHNICAL TRAINING OFFICER

Simpson, Delvarr & Co. Ltd., 10 M a r k e t Parade, Portland Road, S.E.25

(Partime/Evenings)

KShnpso^V/