Design Thesis : Design & Technology Incubator

Wednesday 31.05.2017

THESIS REPORT

Design & Technology Incubator Author: Vikram Bengani B.Arch, SEM-X School of Planning & Architecture New Delhi

Guides: Ar. Amit Hajela Ar. Rahoul B. Singh

Coordinators: Prof. Jaya Kumar Prof. Aruna Ramani Grover

Synopsis The current economy of emerging markets of India can be categorized into many classes. A certain corner within that sub-classification of a Post-Industrial society is what is known to be the Experience Economy, whereby value addition in goods and services are not just due to technological advancement at the top, but by combining already existing technology with multiple disciplines, Entrepreneur in such start-ups attempt to create a new market with their products and services. This is a tricky business, risk is high and so is the value of the business if it succeeds. In this environment, the risk takers are usually those who have not much to lose, or sometimes everything to lose. An incubator is a place where Businesses can be incubated until its maturity. Usually, the best place to locate such an Systemic Infrastructure is an area in the vicinity of a technical university. Professionals and Enthusiast from all fields can thus meet and create meaningful inventions that are extremely consumer centric. And so a new typology of spaces emerge whereby product development and business ends are met in the same space.

Starts-ups are one of the most promising solutions to the problem of job-creation. The Government of India, recognizing the merit of such entities have initiated The Atal Incubation Mission whereby startups are provided with tax breaks, and universities and private companies offered incentives to host/run such incubators.

To meet the demands of these Start-ups, an Incubator center is envisioned by this projected located in the Dwarka region of New Delhi, within the vicinity of two eminent technical universities and the direct connection of The Delhi MRTS For such spaces, it becomes important to streamline all the requirements of its users within the immediate vicinity, and so an area programme should be generated which included Services Apartments, Experience Center, Exhibition Halls and Auditorium, treated appropriately With fast pace change in technology, architecture of the 21st century has to be a flexible and reconfigurable one, spatially and technologically. The following scheme and processes are an attempt to develop collaborative spaces that are characterized as an infrastructural component, and thus are reconfigurable to changing needs.

This report is an attempt at recording the determinants, the processes and the evolution of the outcome of the Final Thesis Semester of the Undergraduate Programme in Architecture at School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi.

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Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

सारांश भारत के उभरते बाजारों की वर्तमान अर्थव्यवस्था को कई वर्गों में वर्गीकृत किया जा सकता है। पोस्ट-इंडस्ट्रियल सोसाइटी के उस उपवर्गीकरण के भीतर एक निश्चित कोने जो अनुभव अर्थव्यवस्था माना जाता है, जिसके द्वारा माल और सेवाओं में मूल्य वृद्धि सिर्फ तकनीकी उन्नति के कारण नहीं है, बल्कि पहले से ही मौजूदा तकनीक को कई के साथ मिलकर विषयों, ऐसे शुरूआती उद्यमी अपने उत्पादों और सेवाओं के साथ एक नया बाजार बनाने का प्रयास करते हैं। यह एक मुश्किल काम है, जोखिम अधिक है और व्यापार का मूल्य अगर यह सफल होता है। इस माहौल में, जो जोखिम लेने वाले होते हैं, वे आमतौर पर जो हारने के लिए ज्यादा नहीं होते हैं, या कभी-कभी हर चीज को खोना पड़ता है एक इनक्यूबेटर एक ऐसी जगह है जहां व्यवसाय इसकी परिपक्वता तक हो सकता है। आमतौर पर, इस तरह के एक सिस्टमिक इन्फ्रास्ट्रक्चर का पता लगाने के लिए सबसे अच्छी जगह एक तकनीकी विश्वविद्यालय के आसपास के क्षेत्र में है। सभी क्षेत्रों से पेशेवर और उत्साही इस प्रकार मिल सकते हैं और सार्थक आविष्कार पैदा कर सकते हैं जो अत्यंत उपभोक्ता केंद्रित हैं। और इसलिए रिक्त स्थान की एक नई टाइपोग्राफी उभर सकती है जिससे उत्पाद विकास और व्यवसाय समाप्त होता है एक ही स्थान में मिले। नौकरी-सृजन की समस्या का सबसे बढ़िया समाधान शुरू होने से शुरू होता है। भारत सरकार ने इस तरह की संस्थाओं की योग्यता को पहचानते हुए अटल इंक्यूबेशन मिशन शुरू किया है, जिसमें स्टार्ट-अप टैक्स विघटन के साथ प्रदान किए गए हैं, और यूनिवर्सिटी और निजी कंपनियों ने इनक्यूबेटर की मेजबानी / चलाने के लिए प्रोत्साहन की पेशकश की है। इन स्टार्ट-अप की मांगों को पूरा करने के लिए, इनक्यूबेटर सेंटर की कल्पना नई दिल्ली के द्वारका क्षेत्र में स्थित है, दो प्रसिद्ध तकनीकी विश्वविद्यालयों के आसपास और दिल्ली एमआरटीएस ऐसी जगहों के लिए, तत्काल आस-पास के भीतर अपने उपयोगकर्ताओं की सभी आवश्यकताओं को सुव्यवस्थित करना महत्वपूर्ण हो जाता है, और इस प्रकार एक क्षेत्रीय कार्यक्रम तैयार किया जाना चाहिए जिसमें सेवा अपार्टमेंट, अनुभव केंद्र, प्रदर्शनी हॉल और ऑडिटोरियम शामिल हैं। प्रौद्योगिकी में तेजी से बदलाव के साथ, 21 वीं सदी की वास्तुकला को एक लचीला और पुनर्परिवर्तनीय एक होना चाहिए, स्थानिक और तकनीकी रूप से। निम्नलिखित योजनाएं और प्रक्रियाएं सहयोगात्मक रिक्त स्थान को विकसित करने का एक प्रयास हैं, जो एक ढांचागत घटक के रूप में वर्णित हैं, और इस तरह से बदलती जरूरतों के लिए पुन: करने योग्य हैं यह रिपोर्ट निर्धारक, प्रक्रियाओं और योजना और वास्तुकला, नई दिल्ली के आर्किटेक्चर में अंडर ग्रेजुएट प्रोग्राम के अंतिम थीसिस सेमेस्टर के नतीजे के विकास को रिकॉर्ड करने का एक प्रयास है।

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

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Declaration 2nd June 2017 The Thesis titled Design & Technology Incubator, Dwarka, New Delhi , a requisite of the Bachelors Program in the Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi - 110002, India, under the supervision of Ar. Amit Hajela (Design & Technology Guide) and Ar. Rahoul B. Singh (Design & Research Guide).

The undersigned hereby declares that this is his original work and has not been plagiarized in part or full form any sources. Furthermore this work has not been submitted for any degree in this or any other University

Vikram Bengani Fifth Year, B. Arch A/2433/2012

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Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Certificate 2nd June 2017 We certify that the thesis titled Design & Technology Incubator, Dwarka, New Delhi, was carried out during candidate’s Tenth Semster (January – May 2017) in the Department of Architecture under our guidance. Thereafter, based on the declaration dated 2nd June 2017 by the candidate, the work was placed in front of the Juries held on 25th May 2017. On successful completion of the Jury process and completion of the Report in all respects including the last chapter by the Candidate we provisionally accept the Thesis Report and forward the same to the Studio Director.

Ar. Amit Hajela Design & Technology Guide

Ar. Rahoul B. Singh Design & Research Guide

On successful completion of the course by the candidate I hereby accept this completed report on behalf of the Head of the Department to be placed in the Library of School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi.

Prof. Dr. Jaya Kumar Studio Director

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

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Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

LIST OF FIGURES, PHOTOGRAPHS AND ILLUSTRATIONS Pg No 17. Fig 01 : Start-up India Movement Logo

Pg No 27. Fig 17 : Alternative arrangements of Laboratory units

Source : Ministry of Commerce & Industry, http://www.startupindia.gov.in

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 49

Pg No 21. Fig 03 : (Left) Plan of the Chemical Laboratories of the Pharmaceutical Society, 1903. Pg No 27. Fig 18 : Extension of Agriculture Research Council’s Animal Research Station, CamSource : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. Pg 10 bridge Pg No 21. Fig 04 : (Right)Lab View of the Chemical Laboratories of the Pharmaceutical Society, Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 54 1903.

Pg No 27. Fig 19 : Laboratories of the Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. Pg 10

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 55

Pg No 21. Fig 02 : Michael Faraday’s Laboratory at the Royal Institution in 1852

Pg No 27. Fig 20 : Radio-biology Research Laboratories for the Agricultural Research Council at Letcombe Regis

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 7

Pg No 22. Fig 05 : Site Plan.The Johns Manville Research Center, Manville, New Jersey Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 155

Pg No 22. Fig 07 : The Wyeth Laboratories, Pennsylvania, USA Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 156

Pg No 22. Fig 06 : Site Plan. The Danish Atomic Research Establishment, Denmark Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 156

Pg No 23. Fig 09 : A typical arrangement of rooms, using demountable partitions in the research laboratories at Imperial Chemical Laboratories. 1953, Welwyn

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 55 Source : After OLIVRET. 1995. pg 33

Pg No 28. Fig 21 : Various uses can be included within the campus and may have a positive effect on the functioning of the incubator. A table is displayed below that outlines the recommended uses that may be conflated with the incubator.

Source : After pg 65 on Vivarivm : Diputació de Barcelona. 2nd Ed. (2015). Criteria for the Planning, Programming, Design and construction of Business Incubators, Business Centre and Executive Suites.

Source : Vivarivm : Diputació de Barcelona. 2nd Ed. (2015). Criteria for the Planning, Programming, Design and construction of Business Incubators, Business Centre and Executive Suites.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 7

Pg No 30. Fig 22 : An Incubator is necessarily not required to be iconic, but it is important to design the experience of the building, spatial and visual, as impressionable. This also enforces the brand of the incubator and hence the companies being incubated inside.

Pg No 24. Fig 10 : Part plan of the laboratory wing and office wing at the Bell Telephone Company research laboratories, New Jersey, 1941

Pg No 33. Fig 25 : Sectional Elevation

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 7

Pg No 23. Fig 08 : Acetate and Synthetic Fibres Laboratory, Coventry, 1954

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 21

Pg No 24. Fig 11 : A laboratory unit at the Bell Telephone Company research laboratories, New Jersey, 1941 Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 21

Pg No 25. Fig 12 : Toplighting Systems Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 81

Pg No 25. Fig 13 : Side Light Systems Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 116

Pg No 26. Fig 15 : Section showing the ductsing Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 81

Source : Photograph by : Jorge Luis Lorenzo Tator Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Pg No 33. Fig 26 : Iconic View of the building, considered to be key buildings of the 20th century.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Pg No 33. Fig 24 : Building ends are in filled with teak giving warmth, scale, and humanity to the laboratory section.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Pg No 33. Fig 23 : Office, Laboratories and utilities are connected by a series of bridges and staircases Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Pg No 26. Fig 16 : Daylight factor due to indirect roof light only, showing the effects of alternative Pg No 34. Fig 31 : Site Plan Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn louvre systems.

Pg No 34. Fig 27 : (Left) The triangular edge of the articulated arcade of private offices Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 116 Pg No 26. Fig 14 : Diagrammatic Sections of the 24ft deep room showing internal and external louvre systems.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 111

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Pg No 34. Fig 29 : Floor-to-ceiling windows along the outdoor walkways provide light to the laboratories.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

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Pg No 34. Fig 30 : Ground Floor Plan Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Pg No 34. Fig 28 : (Right) Laboratories and utility spaces at the perimeter of the campus

Source : Maki & Associates

Pg No 36. Fig 44 : Media Lab Building (West Face )Juxtaposed with MIT Medical Center Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2017

Pg No 36. Fig 46 : West Entrance Ground Level View Pg No 35. Fig 33 : Another view of the transition point for the water moving from the plaza to the Source : Maki & Associates Source : (For all Drawings) www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2 lower level Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn Pg No 39. Fig 52 : Entrance Foyer to the Extension Building at street cross-section Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2 Pg No 35. Fig 32 : Well-calibrated patterns of travertine intersect the water feature.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn Pg No 39. Fig 53 : Lighting - extensive use of rail mounted movable lighting, reconfigurable according to requirements Pg No 35. Fig 34 : The plaza-level water feature is resolved in a lower level reflecting pool and Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2 dining terrace.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn Pg No 39. Fig 55 : Lounges +Meeting spaces Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2 Pg No 35. Fig 35 : Celebration of Wildlife, birds stop by for an early morning water-feast.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn Pg No 39. Fig 54 : Cafe on 5th Floor + Collaborative spaces Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2 Pg No 35. Fig 37 : Views from the inside where the structure also acts a a framing element.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn Pg No 39. Fig 51 : Children’s Learning Center Source : https://c1.staticflickr.com/7/6098/6245767508_4b1e13efba_b.jpg Pg No 35. Fig 36 : Upper Floor Plan Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn Pg No 39. Fig 58 : Outer Atrium with Exposed Elevator Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg Pg No 36. Fig 38 : MIT Media Lab Weisner + Ext. Building Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2017 Pg No 39. Fig 57 : Double Heighten Labs + Ceiling to Slab Glazing Pg No 36. Fig 40 : Full Glass Facade with Aluminum Screen of variating density appropriate to Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg respective functions inside.

Pg No 39. Fig 56 : Atrium with overlooking Labs Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Pg No 36. Fig 42 : Daytime View of the East Facade

Pg No 39. Fig 50 : Audio Visual Room + Submersible Workstations

Source : Maki & Associates

Source : Http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Pg No 36. Fig 39 : Entrance Foyer to the Extension Building at street cross-section

Pg No 42. Fig 59 : The building is punctuated with holes, producing a variety of visual and spatial overlaps and intersections, most notably among the expansive central pinup spaces and galleries.

Staggered levels, bridges and peripheral studios offset and multiply the interaction.

Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2017

Pg No 36. Fig 49 : Multi-Purpose Room + Views Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Source : Manual of Section. Lewis, Paul et all. (2015)

Pg No 36. Fig 41 : Strata Center, designed by Frank Gehry

Pg No 44. Fig 62 : Ground Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2016

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Pg No 36. Fig 47 : Elevation, East View

Pg No 44. Fig 65 : 3rd Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Source : Maki & Associates

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Pg No 36. Fig 45 : Facade Screen Detail

Pg No 44. Fig 66 : First Basement Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Source : Maki & Associates

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Pg No 36. Fig 43 : Hyatt Regency Hotel

Pg No 44. Fig 60 : 1st Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2016

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Pg No 36. Fig 48 : Floor + Curtain Wall Detail

Pg No 44. Fig 61 : 4th Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

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Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Pg No 44. Fig 67 : Second Basement Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Pg No 44. Fig 64 : 2nd Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Pg No 44. Fig 63 : 5th Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Source : Author

Pg No 71. Fig 87 : Organizational Charts for Industrial Business Incubators Source : VIVARIVM, EU Criteria for Incubators

Pg No 72. Fig 88 : Organizational Charts for Service Companies Incubators Source : VIVARIVM , EU Criteria for Incubators

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

Pg No 44. Fig 68 : Structural Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Pg No 55. Fig 71 : Map of India - Delhi within the Country Source : Delhi Development Authority

Pg No 55. Fig 70 : Delhi Master Plan 2021

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

Source : Delhi Development Authority

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

Pg No 55. Fig 69 : Surrounding Land-use besides the site.

Pg No 88. Fig 89 : Preliminary Volumetric Disposition

Source : ZDP K-II, New Delhi

Source : Author

Pg No 55. Fig 72 : Zonal Development Plan for Dwarka (Zone K-II)

Pg No 93. Fig 90 : Schematic Service Diagram System

Source : Delhi Development Authority

Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/Cooling system

Pg No 56. Fig 73 : Sector 17 Drawing from DDA

Pg No 94. Fig 91 : Site Layout before concrete pouring.

Source : Zonal Development Office K-II, New Delhi

Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/Cooling system

Pg No 62. Fig 74 : Sun Path Diagram + Hourly Dry Bulb Temperature

Pg No 94. Fig 93 : Typical Mixer and Control System

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/Cooling system

Pg No 62. Fig 75 : Dew Point + Dry Bulb Temperature + Relative Humidity Data Overlap

Pg No 94. Fig 92 : Manifold Mixer Installation Before Pouring.

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/Cooling system

Pg No 63. Fig 76 : Comparative Humidity/Dry Bulb Temperature and corresponding thermal comfort.

Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Pg No 95. Fig 94 : Typical VRF system and its components

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Pg No 64. Fig 82 : Annual Average Wind Direction Distribution Pg No 64. Fig 77 : Wind Direction Distribution for July

Pg No 95. Fig 95 : Typical Heat Recovery System

Source : https://www.windfinder.com/windstatistics/delhi_indira_gandhi_airport

Pg No 64. Fig 80 : Wind Direction Distribution for May Pg No 64. Fig 78 : Wind Direction Distribution for August Pg No 64. Fig 81 : Wind Direction Distribution for June Pg No 64. Fig 79 : Wind Direction Distribution for September Pg No 65. Fig 83 : Wind Direction + Speed Distribution for JUN-SEP (2009-2016) Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Pg No 95. Fig 96 : Geothermal Heat extraction in Winters and Summer seasons.

Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Source : BORDA SouthEast Asia Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011 Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011 Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011 Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011

Pg No 102. Fig 97 : GE Z-Box Decentralizated Treatment Unit Source : General Electric Website.

Pg No 65. Fig 85 : Pollution Levels for 2012-2014, the pollution levels have been increasing ever Pg No 102. Fig 98 : Multi-Stage Biological System since then.

Source : DPCC Air Data

Pg No 65. Fig 84 : Climatic Overlap of all Data Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Pg No 70. Fig 86 : Schematic Functional Relationship Diagram for the Project Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Source : Recent Developemnts in Wastewater Treatment, 2015, Ministry of Urban Development

Pg No 106. Fig 100 : Textile + Neoprene Pads Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 106. Fig 99 : Rubber Anti-Vib Pads

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Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 106. Fig 101 : Spring Mounted Vibration Absorber Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 106. Fig 104 : Vulcanized Rubber Pads Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 106. Fig 102 : Spring Mounted Vibration Absorber Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 118. Fig 117 : Site Plan Pg No 119. Fig 122 : Level 2 Plan Pg No 119. Fig 124 : Level 3 Plan Pg No 119. Fig 121 : Basement Level Plan Pg No 119. Fig 123 : Level 4 Plan Pg No 120. Fig 125 : External Wall Conditions

Pg No 106. Fig 103 : Spring Mounted Vibration Absorber over Neoprene Isolators Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 106. Fig 105 : Foam Filled Cavity Wall Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 106. Fig 106 : PU Foam Filled Wall Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Pg No 107. Fig 107 : Waterproofing and Schematic Construction Details Source : BioWall Green Roof Solutions

Pg No 107. Fig 108 : Illustrated Waterproofing for the Rooftop Garden Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

Pg No 107. Fig 111 : Sample Green Wall Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

Pg No 107. Fig 109 : Air Cleansing System utilizing BioWall Hydroponics System Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

Pg No 107. Fig 110 : Lighting techniques for Green Walls using Clerestory Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

Pg No 108. Fig 112 : Vertical sub-mains from a horizontal main below ground floor level Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 77

Pg No 108. Fig 113 : Vertical sub-mains fron the outside wall taken from a horizontal main at low level Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 77

Pg No 109. Fig 114 : Horizontal Sub-Mains in floor ducts at each floor level from a vertical main at one end of the building Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 78

Pg No 109. Fig 115 : Horizontal Sub-Mains in the corridor between the structural floor and a false ceiling. Vertical Mains at one end of the building.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 78

Pg No 109. Fig 116 : Horizontal Sub-Mains around the perimeter below the window level. Vertical main at one end of the building.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 78

Pg No 118. Fig 119 : North Elevation Pg No 118. Fig 120 : Areal View Pg No 118. Fig 118 : North & East Side Views

10

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Vision Statement The Design & Technology Incubator must represent the new paradigm of startups whereby a society moves from an industrialized setting to a post industrialized world. The Architecture of this typology shall be of collaborative, flexible and reconfigurable character. It must support and streamline the development of Product and Business development.

Therefore, this scheme envisions a shared and self sufficient ecosystem whereby students, professionals and executives could meet and precipitate meaningful solutions. The design attempts to meet its objectives while creating sustainable Architecture that stands within the continuum of the Urban Fabric of the locality.

This report and the forthcoming scheme attempts to contribute to the economic development by offering guide of strategic nature which should improve the creation of business, jobs and the economy.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

11

Table of Contents

"

12

Synopsis Declaration, Certificate List of Sources : Photographs, Drawings, Illustrations, Maps

CHAPTER 01

CHAPTER 02

CHAPTER 03

CHAPTER 04

Investigation

Research

Site

Program

14 - 17

18 - 52

53 - 65

66 - 76

Objectives Need for Research Investigation Core Issues Proposition

Framework of Research Areas of Research Analysis Rubric Case Studies Reports & Guidelines Inferences

Selection Criteria for the Site Locational Context Site Information Site Analysis Climatological Analysis

Scope of the Poject Programmatic Requriements Area Modules Area Programme Relationship Diagram

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

CHAPTER 05

CHAPTER 06

CHAPTER 07

CHAPTER 08

Technology

Determinants

Development

Final Design

77 - 109

110 - 113

114 - 120

121 -

Technology Deployment Matrix Structural Consideration Service Consideration Energy Simulations System Diagram Sustainability Strategies Appropriate Systems

Key Parameters Movement System Zoning & Volumetric Disposition Functional Diagram Collective Inferences

Concept Evolution Translation of Philosophy Functional Experience

Introduction Site Plans Floor Plans/Sections/Elevations Technological Perspective Material Strategy Wal Sections 3D Views Appendix Bibliography

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

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1 The Investigation Objectives Need for Research Investigation Core Issues Proposition

14

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

OBJECTIVES Designing a creative & simulating environment for an Incubator that promote and accelerates possibilities of new collaborative opportunities with spaces that can be reconfigured to meet mutable technological and spatial demands.

DISCOURSE

Research & Development (R&D) form an integral part of the economy and the technological culture of the country. As the world progresses towards the tertiary sector of the economy, increasingly complex and trans-disciplinary ideas emerge, one that Individuals with one or two field of profession may not resolve standing alone. Collaborating together to provide products and services with experts from multiple domains have resulted in reasonable success in the present times and is still the promising mode of growth. Typically, an Incubation center differ from this R&D in the sense that it attempts to utilize existing and tested technology in a meaningful and efficient combination.

Furthermore, the Internet age has fueled a do-it-yourself (DIY) movement where individuals, vexed and exhausted with terrible design and industrially standardized goods, take upon themselves to produce customized product and service equipment. A consumer may have access to products such as 3D printers and CNC machines, but he/she still lack exposure and resources.

This is only possible with interdisciplinary spaces as envisioned by the Start-Up India mission.

The Start-up India Movement, an investment of ` 1200 crore, can be seen to generate new growth in employment within the markets, both saturated and unsaturated, moving people from primary & secondary sector to the tertiary.

Areas of Research

The following subjects and topics were deemed important to achieve a high-performing and successful model for Incubators in India:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

What are appropriate systems of functioning for Research Laboratories.

What are the quality of spaces that stimulating the intellect towards scientific discovery.

How can spatial arrangement Facilitating gaps between makers and managers.

How can we achieve Distillation and Compartmentalization of Public and Production spaces.

What are the quality of said Expandable & reconfigurable spaces that are easily adaptable to new technological condition.

What is an Appropriate Solution to the problem of Reconfigurability - Infrastructural vs Industrial.

How are “Integration of Services” achieved within the structure.

How can collaborative spaces work without being intrusive ?

HYPOTHESIS

To make collaborative spaces, one must ensure visual and physical access to relatively collaborative components of the incubator. The spaces should harbor specialist of all kinds that can work independently and still be accessible to consultation easily. And to generate this kind of environment, the architect would be a facilitator of trans-disciplinary working and incubate such ideas into meaningful and manageable business enterprises.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

15

INCUBATORS

The Incubator’s Services

What is an Incubator ?

A incubator in business speak is a company that helps new and startup companies to develop. It basic mode of this empowerment, is by providing services such as management training and/or office space. Business incubators differ from research and technology parks in their dedication exclusively to startups and early-stage companies. Research and technology parks, on the other hand, tend to be large-scale projects that house everything from corporate, government or university labs to very small companies while Science Parks support innovation on a university campus.

Typical Institutional Model for Incubator 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Since startup companies lack many resources, experience and networks, incubators provide services which helps them get through initial hurdles in starting up a business. These hurdles include space, funding, legal, accounting, computer services and other prerequisites to running the business. On average, incubator clients spend 33 months2 in a program* while many incubation programs set graduation requirements by development benchmarks, such as company revenues or staffing levels, rather than time.

The following services are generally provided by the Incubator3 : Management Networking Technological Accessibility

Academic Institute Non-Profit Development Venture Capital Firms For-Profit Development Combination of these

Marketing Financial

Start-ups potential in Industries

The following Industries have been witnessing opportunities for start-ups 1 : Technology Computer software Services/professional Manufacturing Internet Biosciences/life sciences Electronics/Microelectronics Telecommunications Computer hardware Medical devices

Creative industries eBusiness / e Commerce Wireless technology Healthcare technology Advanced Materials Defense / Homeland security Energy/Power Environment/clean technologies Logistics/Delivery Nano-technology

1 “Startup India Report” (2016). Atal Incubation Mission

16

Construction Arts Aerospace Kitchen/Food Retail Fashion Wood/forestry Tourism Manpower Media

Presentation/Advertising Business Training Mentorship Ethical / Legal Aid Regulatory Compliance IP Management Partnering

Management team identification Help with business basics Networking activities Links to higher education resources High-speed Internet access Market Research Marketing assistance Help with accounting/financial management Access to bank loans, loan funds and guarantee programs Help with presentation skills Comprehensive business training programs Advisory boards and mentors Help with business etiquette Help with regulatory compliance Technology commercialization assistance Intellectual property management Access to angel investors or venture capital Links to strategic partners

2 Knopp, Linda. (2007). “State of the Business Incubation Industry”. Athens, Ohio : National Business Incubation Association.

3 “Startup India Report” (2016). Atal Incubation Mission Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

GOVERNMENTAL MISSIONS Technology Incubation and Development of Entrepreneurs

Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DEITY) is implementing a scheme titled Technology Incubation and Development of Entrepreneurs (TIDE)1. Initially launched in 2008 the scheme has been revised and extended till March 2017. As per the scheme provision, 27 centers are being supported at academic institutions across India.

TIDE has a multi-pronged approach in diverse areas of Electronics, ICT and Management. It aims to assist institutions of higher learning to strengthen their Technology Incubation Centers and enable young entrepreneurs to initiate technology startup companies for commercial exploitation of technologies developed by them.

TIDE Incubation Centers provide a gamut of services to new enterprises and facilitate linkages congenial for their survival and growth. The centers network with Angel Investors and Venture Capitalists who provide mentoring and financial support to the startups and enable tenant companies to mature over a period of 2-3 years and ultimately graduate to a commercial place to transact actual business.

DEITY is providing financial and policy support for strengthening technology incubation activities on the premise that this would in the long run result in indigenous development of products and packages in the ICTE sector.

Broad Objectives • Promote product oriented research and development • Encourage and accelerate development of indigenous products and packages • Bridge the gap between R&D and commercialization • Facilitate entrepreneurial training and IPR facilitation • Promote involvement of faculty in startup activities • Ensure interaction between education and industry • Alignment of education with exact market demands • Active involvement of the faculty in the technology start-up activities

Start-up India Movement

The Central Government is facilitating the construction and operation up of such spaces by awarding institutions and Private Players tax breaks and finance. The startups, once qualified and notified by the government are also benefiting from tax breaks to facilitate its self-independence.

In the larger picture, the [1]government shall be fulfilling the creation of millions of new jobs, and export + consumption of high-value product which is expected to strenghten the economy, as evident form the success of start-ups in developed and high-developing economies.

These Ordinances have been notified ans schemed under the ‘Atal Innovation Mission’ by the government of India and is expected to invest ` 1200 crore in this development scheme.

Since the typology of research laboratories is itself a new one, emerged only less than a century ago, the [2] country is in need of such dedicated spaces. Flexibility and Adaptability of such spaces are important since technology, and thus physical machinery are changing every few years.

Fig 01 : Start-up India Movement Logo Source : Ministry of Commerce & Industry, http://www.startupindia. gov.in

1 http://meity.gov.in/content/technology-incubation-and-development-entrepreneurs Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

17

2

Research Framework of Research User Study Vision of the Document Historical Precedents General Ideas Case Studies Comparative Matric

18

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH

Certain questions were to be pertinently answered before proceeding with the design phase. Such question that guided this research are as follows:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

What is an Incubator ?

How do they function ?

Who are the users ?

What is the purpose of researching incubators per se?

What is the Historical Evolution and Precedents that inform the formation of such spaces ?

Where should such facilities be established?

What function works best with this kind of facility ?

The Evolution of Business Incubators The creation of Companies and Business and Product Market usually arises as a result of social, economic and technological crisis. It is widely considered that the idea of creating new companies as a favourable way of promoting the conditions of the country arose in Britain in the 1970’s during the steel crisis by converting abandoned industrial buildings into the first European Incubators. The British example was taken as precedent and followed into France, Belgium, and Spain.1 By the 1990’s, business incubators started to appear linked to universities which were targeted at students leaving university.1 As for the definition and character of incubators, the European Commission2 proposed a definition by consensus to its function :

“A business incubator is an organization that accelerates and systematizes the process of creating successful enterprises by providing a comprehensive and integrated range of support, including incubator space, business support services, and networking and clustering opportunities.

By providing their clients with services on a “one-stop-shop” basis and enabling overheads to be reduced by sharing costs, business incubators significantly improve the survival and growth prospects of new startups.

A successful business incubator will generate a steady flow of new businesses, with above average job and wealth creation potential. Differences in stakeholder objectives, admission and exit criteria, the knowledge intensity of projects and the precise configurations of facilities and services exist and will distinguish one type of business incubator from another.”

The proliferation and development of technologies has led to the emergence of a new model of nomadic, flexible professional who relies on his ubiquitous laptop and Internet connection.

Most professionals, thus, work from their home and thus save on their infrastructural expenses.

Coworking is a new kind of workspace first created in San Francisco3 in 2005 for micro companies and entrepreneurs. Thus multiple professional share an area designed for individual work, but in the community. Working spaces are thus reserved on advance but flexible working hours or rented for up to 6 months at a stretch. These facilities are called coworking spaces.

3 Vivarivm : Diputació de Barcelona. 2nd Ed. (2015). Criteria for the Planning, Programming, Design and construction of Business Incubators, Business Centre and Executive Suites. (Pg 33)

USER STUDY GROUP

1

2

USER Professionals Entrepreneurs Workers

Work Modules Meeting Rooms Computer Room Library Workshops

Customers Collaborators

Meeting Rooms Waiting Rooms Experience Center Auditorium

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

WORKING TIME 9AM - 9PM (Sporadically Overnight working and weekends)

1PM - 5PM

Administration Meeting Rooms Library Workshops

4

Participants Trainee Networking

Classrooms Seminar Rooms

5

Technical Administrative Maintenance Staff

Administration Offices Training Rooms

Visitors

Experience Center Auditorium Banquet Seminar Rooms

11AM - 5PM

Workshops Library

9AM - 9PM

3

7

Members of the Makers’ Space

CHARACTERISTICS • • • •

Faculty Mentors Associates

6

1 Vivarivm : Diputació de Barcelona. 2nd Ed. (2015). Criteria for the Planning, Programming, Design and construction of Business Incubators, Business Centre and Executive Suites.

2 Centre for Strategy and Evaluation Services. Final Report. Benchmarking of Business Incubators [Online]. [S. l.]: 2002. < http:// cses.co.uk/studies/> [Retrieved: 6 February 2017.]

SPACES THEY OCCUPY

• •

9AM - 9PM

9AM - 3PM

•

Not very receptive to interaction and require calmer, quieter environment Main users of space and services may need occasional rearranging of wokring modules and partitions Clear movement through the facility due to their unfamiliarity with the centre Parking spaces wihtin the centre complex Storage spaces and infrastructural connection within the offices.

Preferably should d be habilitated in Day-lit spaces.

• • •

Waiting and relaxation room required Agglomerated movement Potential customers of the incubators

•

Require regular office spaces and parking as well.

• •

Require clear movement system Preferably, wish to experiece the spirit of the place

•

Work on odd hours and require access of service vehicles

9AM - 9PM

19

What is the vision of this document?

It is a simple belief that one of the ways to contribute to the economic development is by offering useful tools and guide of strategic nature which should improve the creation and functioning of companies and the country in whole. This guide should provide support to companies and institutes that desire to provide infrastructure to support the local fabric. This system of incubators and startups adopt a bottom up approach whereby utilizing existing tools, they disrupt markets with meaningful combination of existing technology to deliver relate-able and use-able products and services. Finally, for architects who wish to come up with proposals may have a recommendation and useful guideline on Incubators, which are comparatively newer typology comprising of office and development centers that rely on collaborative working.

By acting from the local market towards the countrywide launch, startups promote local development and have been supported by the central and state government via policy level provisions. Therefore, the thesis on which this project is based is that local initiative should generate maximum impact on the interwoven fabric of urban and economic and social space.

This thesis attempts to evolve a design for an incubator that could include creation of communities that stimulate interaction, collaboration and teamwork among and withing the companies hosted in the incubators. This should enable companies to extend their portfolio of customers-by appearance of innovative and interdisciplinary projects. Therefore, flexibility of spaces, the facilities of working in and with a network, as well as existence of communal, shared spaces that are comfortable and pleasant becomes a fundamental factor in design of new incubators.

20

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Historical Precedents In a study of laboratories carried out by Division of Architectural Studies of Nuffield Foundation, and published in the report title, “The Design of Research Laboratories”. It lays out the history of this new typology of The origins of the first Laboratories and the spaces henceforth dedicated and designed for them, sprung up in the Mediterranean Countries where the Demand for dyes, Imitation Pearls, and alloy that looked like gold and silver. In Egypt, Practical work was fostered by priests and the earliest laboratories were adjoining temples.

Although there were active schools of practical method in the fourteenth and the fifteenth century, practical experimental work was left to alchemists, engrossed in their search for elixir of life or the philosopher’s stone.

During this long period, before the advent of modern chemistry, there was little development in the design of buildings for practical experiments. One of the earliest examples of designed buildings for laboratories was University of Altdorf designed in the late baroque style. Ideas on laboratory design developed rapidly in first half of the nineteenth century,and in spite of extensive alteration, the royal institution, the only one failed to keep in pace of these ideas.1 1 The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation.

Fig 02 : Michael Faraday’s Laboratory at the Royal Institution in 1852 Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 7

Fig 03 : (Left) Plan of the Chemical Laboratories of the Pharmaceutical Society, 1903.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories.

1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation.

Pg 10

Fig 04 : (Right)Lab View of the Chemical Laboratories of the Pharmaceutical Society, 1903.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories.

1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation.

Pg 10

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

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Fig 05 : Site Plan.The Johns Manville Research Center, Manville, New Jersey Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961.

Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 155

Fig 07 : The Wyeth Laboratories, Pennsylvania, USA Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961.

Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 156

Fig 06 : Site Plan. The Danish Atomic Research Establishment, Denmark Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 156

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Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

The General Ideas for Planning of Building Services Oriented Spaces could be summarized as follows :

Planning & Structure 1. Most research universities and institutes have grown enormously in the past 20 years, and there is very little indication that this growth has ceased. Therefore, the principle object in planning shall be to let growth take place without disruption. Similarly, the canteen and the library shall be planned in a manner that it does not become too far from the inhabitants of the potential extension building. For example in the Salk institute, no provision for extension is possible given that both ends have been exhaust from functions.

Compact arrangement of serviced roads will result in an economical overall building cost.

Estimate, 10sqm/worker may be necessary for these spaces.

2. Serviced Laboratory space is expensive and must therefore be used intensively, and it follows if large areas of serviced spaces are given to office use, it cannot be economical in terms of building cost. Thus thee main methods are utilized to resolve this dilemma of provision for office space. Firstly, offices opening directly off the laboratory usual occupied by staff working in library immediately adjacent to the lab. Secondly, Offices planned with laboratory block separately from the office spaces, opposite on the corridor. Thirdly, offices planned in different wing of the building (Bell Lab) which proves to be the most economic option. The offices can have a lower ceiling level, with cheaper finishes and do not require complex servicing.

3. Office accommodation may be provided in a separate wing, the office wind being based on different dimensional module, thus avoiding the use of extensive serviced laboratories case 4. It is an accepted practice to plan on the basis of a dimensional module related to the space needed for individual worker or team of known size with modules varying 10ft to 13 ft, depending on the space allowed between benches 4-7ft. The clear bench run needed for work and the length of served wall space to accommodate standing equipment, fume cupboard etc determines room depths, as all services run to the benches are perpendicular to the outside wall. Sub-mains are placed at each grid point. In rooms of such dimensions, it may become uneconomical to service benches under the windows.

Also, benches on these placed interferes with the heating system. The structural grid is without exception determined by the bench spacing, and service distribution to the benches is along the grid lines.

5. Most of the laboratories faced north east in order to avoid sunlight penetration. Offices of less depth 9ft 5in are placed opposite research rooms, though some desk space is provided in the laboratories.

6. In recent laboratories, there are two main trends in design, both of which reflects the need for adaptable buildings. First, there is a trend towards open-services floor areas which can be divided up with demountable partitions, the aim being to give each scientist a serviced area which may be divided up to provide any combination of rooms as and Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Fig 09 : A typical arrangement of rooms, using demountable partitions in the research laboratories at Imperial Chemical Laboratories. 1953, Welwyn Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 7

Fig 08 : Acetate and Synthetic Fibres Laboratory, Coventry, 1954 Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 7

23

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

24

when required. Secondly, there is a trend in towards simplified and functional arrangement of benches in the long, unimpeded lengths, spaced and arranged in such a way as to rationalize bench servicing.

The laboratories for imperial chemical industries/plastics division went a great deal further in providing overall flexibility by means of demountable partitions. The building is planned at 4ft grid and partitions can be pit up anywhere on the 4ft grid whilst services are available at most grid points from floor ducts carried in deep floor constructed lattice beams. The depth of the building is such that many rooms are internal and rely on artificial lighting and ventilation.

Overall planning was based on a structural module derived from an assessment of the space needed by each individual workers i.e. bench length, bench width and clearances between the benches.

Laboratory benches were placed at right angles to the window wall for the ease of servicing and access from a longitudinal corridor.

Straight unimpeded runs of benches were provided for each workers. Attention was given to the problem of lighting from lighting rooms greater in depth from window wall to corridor wall.

The rapid development of scientific techniques in the last 50 years has emphasized a need for research buildings which can quickly and easily be adapted to meet special demands as they arise. Moreover, there is a changing pattern of research organization, even within small quantity establishments.

Another Building designed around rationalized bench system and service layout is the Courtauld’s Acetate and Synthetic Fiber Laboratories at Coventry. The Lab is designed on a Grid of 11ft9in by 28 ft and multiples of this basic unit are used to give rooms basic sizes. Main service run vertically in ducts placed at each grid points along the corridor wall. Office are provided in separate wing, but a minimum of office space is allowed in the main laboratory, opening directly off the laboratories The laboratories for Bell Telephone company is based on the assessment of the space needed for a two man team. This result in approximately 20ft deep by 12ft wide. Some larger laboratories provide island benches for routine work. The 20ft deep rooms are placed on one side of the main corridor, the 25ft deep on the other side, making a laboratory block 50 ft deep. Vertical shafts are placed at 6ft centers on the outside walls. Horizontal branches under the window link run each bench run to the vertical sub-mains. Island benches are serviced by means of short floor ducts under the floor. Serviced branch are at right angle to the outside walls and the clearance between the benches bing 5ft to 7ft. according to the furniture used. Moving tables, 5x2ft., placed against the service wall or spine are used instead of fixed benching.

Electrical Switches are provided at an interval of at least 2 ft. and are carried in PVC covered wire with fire retardant coating on it.

The life of a laboratory building outlasts their occupation by any individual scientist and far outlast individual piece of work on which man has engaged, Efficient design must

Fig 10 : Part plan of the laboratory wing and office wing at the Bell Telephone Company research laboratories, New Jersey, 1941 Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 21

Fig 11 : A laboratory unit at the Bell Telephone Company research laboratories, New Jersey, 1941 Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 21

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

16.

17.

18.

19.

therefore aim at providing the sort of building that will satisfy the range of scientific activity and workers over time.

The floor area needed in the laboratory for individual worker is defined by two dimensions - Length is the total length of benching, sink, fume cupboard,etc which needs for his work. Width is established by the width of the benching plus clear floor space needed.

10-12 ft usually the maximum average of length required for two workers.

Anthrompometrically, Two workers working back to back require 4ft 7 in, while, two workers back to back with passage space in between is 5ft 5 in - 6ft 3in. Height of benches 2-10 to 3-0.

The room height affects Lighting, Ventilation, working convenience and building cost.

Laboratories require Ancillary Storage - Instrument Room, Cold Room, Storage, Laboratories, Cleaner’s Store, Dark Room, Climate Control Room

Technology, Systems & Comfort 20. All services are carried above the false ceiling and piped overhead to the benches. Alternatively All services are carried at high level, completely exposed and dropped to bench position when needed. The partitions also have systems to fix shelves and cupboard in a manner that it can be taken down from easily to be relocated.

21. Special rooms are planned such as constant temperature rooms, instrument rooms, etc. are planned internally and have no natural lighting.

22. Good thermal insulation is necessary for controlled environment and is made easy by removing the room from the affect of fluctuation in outside temperature.

23. Floor Heating and cleaning - for most times, it is necessary to cover the whole floor area with heating elements in order to achieve the necessary room temperatures without raising the surface temperature to an unacceptable degree. For most laboratories, most floor area is covered with furniture and equipments and the proportion of area left open is less than half. To achieve an adequate room temperature, therefore, with a reduced surface area of heating, a high surface temperature was required. This would achieve uncomfortable standing and laking condition.

24. Ceiling heating is thus preferable. While the ceiling does not restrict planning changes, it my complicate the laboratory service to a high degree. In the laboratory at The Atomic Energy Research establishment in Denmark, the ceiling is made of perforated panels and the space between is used as a pressurized duct for warm air which is pushed through the perforations is the room below.

25. Illumination level per square feet as per IES code for laboratory recommends 20 lumen/ft2 for general rooms and unto 50 lumen /ft2 for special fine purposed & crafting spaces..

26. Noise reduction at source is the most inexpensive strategy for noise control and is often neglected. Noise in building is usually made up of many minor noises and can be eliminated with good choices of material and equipment. Usually these are, talking, doorVikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Fig 12 : Toplighting Systems Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 81

Fig 13 : Side Light Systems Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 116

25

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

steps, door bangs and these are easy to deal with resilient floor finishes and silent door closure. Noise can be transmuted via structure, from the facade, or from within the room due to talking or equipment or service running. Employ wheeled equipment such as trolley, wheeled cupboard etc should have resilient tyres. Wash up areas can be designed with noise reduction in mind. Chairs and stools cause much noise in these spaces as well. Typing may also be regarded as a noise sources if mechanical keyboards are employed.

Electrical fans with rotating blades are amount to noises that is directly proportional to speed (rpm) of running fans. Larger fans with slower speeds and bigger blades are much better than these, Doubling the rpm gives a speed increase of about 17db Compressors are usually used in laboratories and it is best to isolate them from their surroundings than to adopt any other active systems.

Reduction in Vibrations. Interference from vibrations should be dealt with at the planning stage for laboratories Planning against vibration - Road and vehicular traffic of heavy sizes should be isolated from the site by means of treatment of the foundation. Within the building, heavy plants such as gas or diesel generator or heavy duty compressor should be sited with their potential nuisance value in mind. To reduce the vibration at the source, anti-vibration mountings for machinery should be utilized for machinery that is to utilize in vicinity of laboratory.

Correct natural frequency should be adopted for the mounting to counterbalance the equipments frequency. For example, a machine running at 3000 rpm is likely to be at a frequency of 50 cycles per second, and to isolate this satisfactorily, a mounting frequency of 10 cycles per second may be sufficient. It may be assumed that the frequency produced by traffic may be at 15cps. Very low frequency vibrations are more difficult to suppress due to the greater static deflection is required in the mounting system. To achieve a mounting frequency of 2cps, a static deflection of 2.5 in is necessary while for 10cps, it is only 0.1in For very heavy machinery, a foundation block may be needed which rests on a anti vibration mat. Spring mounted floor slabs may be utilized to protect limited areas from vibrations Fire load is calculated in BTU/sqft or KJ/sqm. Low fire load - 200000BTU/sqft, Moderate @ 400000BTU/sqft, High @ 800000 BTU/sqft

Fig 15 : Section showing the ductsing Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 81

Fig 14 : Diagrammatic Sections of the 24ft deep room showing internal and external louvre systems.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 111

Fig 16 : Daylight factor due to indirect roof light only, showing the effects of alternative louvre systems.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 116

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Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Fig 17 : Alternative arrangements of Laboratory units Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 49

Fig 19 : Laboratories of the Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 55

Fig 18 : Extension of Agriculture Research Council’s Animal Research Station, Cambridge Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 54

Fig 20 : Radio-biology Research Laboratories for the Agricultural Research Council at Letcombe Regis Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 55

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

27

Programming the Project Feasability

SECONDARY & AUXILIARY FUNCTIONAL USES

Before the venturing into technical aspects of designing an incubator center, a feasibility analysis, user analysis, connectivity and strategic advantages should be taken into account keeping in mind the prospective sites. Appropriate secondary and auxiliary function shall be taken into account. A preliminary account is given in the graphic on page 28

Fig 21 : Various uses can be included within the campus and may have a positive effect on the functioning of the incubator. A table is displayed below that outlines the recommended uses that may be conflated with the incubator.

Offer the opportunity for business to move into bigger or smaller spaces based on their demand, especially, companies in different form of growth.

PRELIMINARY PROGRAMMING STUDY

REASONS TO NOT GO AHEAD

POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE CHANNELS

Generates great influx of trade and public, and allows companies within the incubators to be promoted, encouraging networking.

REASONS TO GO AHEAD

GENERAL PROGRAMMING STUDY

DETAILED PROGRAMMING STUDY

DRAFT PROJECT

BASIC PROJECT & EXECUTIVE PROJECT

WORK

High Percentage of companies hosted emerge from Universities, co-existence with these uses shall be strongly considered. The environment between teaching and product development is one of synergistic value that an incubator may cash upon.

Functions that are mutually exclusive from the workings inside an incubator and an allied function should not be mixed within the same campus as it may not be any value to the center, nor the center to them.

Entrepreneur Clubs Economic Development Centres Business Associations Convention Centres Trade Fair Venues Business Centres Executive Suites Institutions Universities

Specialist Library

Restaurants / Cafes Hotels / Civic Centers

Play Schools Vocational Training Centers Primary/Secondary Schools Primary Health Care Centers

Source : After OLIVRET. 1995. pg 33

28

RECOMMENDED USES

INITIAL DEMAND

NEUTRAL

Generates good sensation to users with an initial contact with the building

Technical Aspect

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

USES TO BE AVOIDED

Fesability and Prgramming Study

Source : After pg 65 on Vivarivm : Diputació de Barcelona. 2nd Ed. (2015). Criteria for the Planning, Programming, Design and construction of Business Incubators, Business Centre and Executive Suites.

Therefore, an exercise on evaluating the factors that appear in the following graph needs to be carried out:

>

Source : Vivarivm : Diputació de Barcelona. 2nd Ed. (2015). Criteria for the Planning, Programming, Design and construction of Business Incubators, Business Centre and Executive Suites.

E

T

R

ITO

R ER

S IAL

LOCATION

campus, it may be necessarily situated in placed of basic self sustaining As an attractor, the incubator: economy.

Easy of AccessHas via Private and Public Transit Systems is an the abilityVehicles to transform the place in which it is placed, important aspect of siting and incubator. The Right of Way should be wide Once introduced, it can as aItcatalyst public and with enough to handle service vehicles asact well. should for be other well connected private operations. interurban highways and have facilities such as stationary shops, copy shops, bookshops and services such as Courier Service, Messenger service, Moreover, the incubator is alsoCar fed Service by the services and shops that Banks, Notary Officers Lawyers, and Restaurants. exist around it —at the same time as being able to revive them Once(Figure set 1.3.2.b) up, the center itself attract these It be is, thus a , particularly thosewill which allow theirservices everydaynearby. activities good complemented, idea to locate the incubator in a place which can accommodate which should therefore be taken into consideration these futurewhen introduction of shops and services. programming the construction of the centre.

URBAN CLASSIFICATION

Public transport

P

ACCESSIBILITY

N

Y X

N

TIO ICA

TIF

N IDE

D AN D Y N T ILI BRA B I VIS THE OF

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Territorial Synergy the future incubator is the type of centre that is wanted and, therefore, the strategy to be followed.

As is logical, a sectorial will area not or in Firstly, the a demand for the incubation center mustincubator exist in the have the same requirements as a general or industrial incubator. the city for a general or industrial incubator. Therefore, a Design and techAn incubator linked to manufacturing production, for example, nology incubator should be located near spaces such as design university should be located near an area where there are industrial uses. On in urban sectors where there are plenty of artisans, workshops, exhibition the other hand, a design sectorial incubator, for example, should be galleries cluster being developed. builtornear certain given spaces such as design university schools or urban areas whereof there are plenty artists,output, workshops, exhibition As a central generator economic andofsocial incubators can act as galleries or clusters hubs beingand developed. powerful socio-cultural as a result, has an ability to transform the place in which it has been sited.

With this being a priority consideration, there are a series characteristics that are common to all incubators. As generators Proximity to commercial aces, restaurant, bars, can etc. act as powerful of economic and social activity, incubators attractors and establish synergies with other amenities or such These shops and services facilitate the activity of similar a service company facilities. as an incubator. Especially as an attractor of residential growth within the

Y RG

YN

44

1.3.2.a

The first factor that should be considered to decide on the location of

Figure 1.3.2.athe Infrastrucutre Locating

Various highways

Territorial synergy

S

TIC RIS E CT T RA PLO A CH THE OF

As an example of transformation of the surrounding area, Barcelona

Proximity to Research and Higher Education Centers : Activa’s Incubadora de Glòries was the first activity to reconvert the since Poble a largeNou number entrepreneur come from thehas educational settings districtofand today, an unbeatable setting been created of Universities, are often professionals who have clear understanding around the They incubator, with the Glòries Shopping Centre, just next to it, and the new 22@ district. of their product or services, but who have few managerial and business skills or notions. Thus the Incubator can setup synergy with the education In this are positively in order of centers.

Likesense, in the the caseaspects of MIT,that T-Hub, Standford,valued, the most successful relevance, incubators workare: together in university campus which results in quicker collaborations.

Proximity to commercial axes, restaurants, bars, etc.

There to areBusiness many shops services facilitate theand activity of the Proximity areasand of the City,that Office blocks Business companies, which is why most services companies prefer to set up Centers: in urban centres. However, an excessively central location can be The environment of the business area have a positive affect on the process of incubation and also reduce the cost land, given that they are not inside the business center.

Accessibility

29

accessibility of transportation, with regard to both private and public system as well as the availability of parking on the location is necessary for the center.

Visibility & Brand Identity A strong and defined brand image of the center can play in favor of hosted companies and their success would confer prestige on the incubator. Therefore, it is advisable to place the center where visibility are high, such as Highways or communication junction such that it may reinforce the visibility and presence of the building. Perhaps, a public space join the tenet, open to all, may provide the dynamics to the center, improving its image and recognizability.

Adaptability & Expandability Envisage extra land for extension building in the future. Similar when choosing interiors furniture, ensure a neutral type. Advantages of refurnished modules are that it reduced the initial investment from the company and makes the incubator a plug and play space, it standardizes a space and helps to shape corporate image, and it works within the modular space so that it may be expanded or contracted as and when required.

However, standard furniture does not always adapt to the requirements of the incubator. This also leaves little room for customization. Thus, there are intermediate solutions such as furnishing 50% of the modules to be rented out

30

BRAND VALUE Fig 22 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; An Incubator is necessarily not required to be iconic, but it is important to design the experience of the building, spatial and visual, as impressionable. This also enforces the brand of the incubator and hence the companies being incubated inside.

Source : Photograph by : Jorge Luis Lorenzo Tator

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

CASE STUDIES Selection of Case Studies & Case Examples

After due research over the Internet and the Library, a list of examples were drawn with a singular purpose of informing the project designer and sensitizing him to concerns and opportunities for the particular typology of Architecture. The roster are as follows with the final selections in bold:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

T-Hub Incubator, Hyderabad, IN Technology Business Incubator, IIT, Delhi, IN Amity Innovation Incubator, Noida, IN Maker’s Asylum, Mumbai, IN The Workshop, Bengaluru, IN Salk Institute, San Diego, US Yale Art + Architecture Building, New Haven, US MIT Media Labs, Cambridge, US Innovation Center UC, Santiago, CL D.School, Standford University, US Technology & Innovation Center, Univ. of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK Jockey Club Innovation Tower, THKPU, Hong Kong, CH Sauflon Centre for Innovation, Gyal, HU

T-Hub Incubator, Hyderabad is a pilot project of Architecture in the nation designed for the purpose of an Incubation Center. The building features extended mezzanines over a central atrium that results in acutely interesting massing and open workstation configuration. Sustainability strategies are well adopted and a large variety of texture and colors in material are included to create enthusiastic and refreshing environments.

Salk Institute, San Diego is considered one of the first in the typology of research centers- a relatively new typology made possible with technological and scientific advancements - and one of the most important buildings of the twentieth century. This project is a specimen in compartmentalization and distillation of function in Architecture whose purpose are to either be served or be servants. Architecture of this project is intended to provide a stimulating environment for the brains to facilitate advancements in science.

Yale Art + Architecture Building, New Haven is one of the first buildings designed for architectural institutes. The designer explored the possibility of collaborative and overlooking spaces, in all three geometrical axes.

MIT Media Labs Extension Building is one of the most recent additions to the MIT campus. The designer argued that flexibility and adaptability of newer functions can not easily be adopted in reconfigurability and suited spaces. He treated the building as “infrastructure” which became key to a transparent and stimulating environment for the researchers.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Analysis Rubric of Case Studies S. No.

Parameter

A. 1 2

FACTS + PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING Number of Users & Size of the Project + Development Controls Intent of the Project

3 4

Belief & Style adopted by the Designer Relevant Areas of Research for the Designer

B. 1

CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS Urban Context, Neighborhood, Precinct & Land-use

2 3 4

Building Orientation Parameters Geometry, Mass, Volume of the Project Landscaping + Open Space Components

C. 1 2 3

MOVEMENT SYSTEMS Accessibility & Connectivity Site Level Strategies/Circulation Building Circulation System

D.

PROGRAMMATIC RELATIONSHIP

1

Functional Relationship Diagram

2

Spatial Organization & its contribution to the whole

E. 1 2 3 4

TECHNOLOGICAL + SERVICES Construction Systems Services Strategies Materiality & Facade Strategies Visual Barriers + Lighting Strategies

5

Active & Passive Sustainability Strategies

31

CASE STUDIES

1 2 3 4

32

Salk Institute, San Diego Inferences

MIT Media Lab, Cambridge Inferences

Yale Art+ Architecture Building, New Haven Inferences

T-Hub, Hyderabad Inferences

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Salk Institute - San Diego (Louis I. Kahn)

Fig 25 : Sectional Elevation Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Fig 24 : Building ends are in filled with teak giving warmth, scale, and humanity to the laboratory section.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salkinstitute-louis-kahn

Fig 26 : Iconic View of the building, considered to be key buildings of the 20th century.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Fig 23 : Office, Laboratories and utilities are connected by a series of bridges and staircases Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salkinstitute-louis-kahn

33

Fig 31 : Site Plan Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Fig 27 : (Left) The triangular edge of the articulated arcade of private offices Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classicssalk-institute-louis-kahn

Fig 30 : Ground Floor Plan Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

34

Fig 29 : Floor-to-ceiling windows along the outdoor walkways provide light to the laboratories.

Fig 28 : (Right) Laboratories and utility spaces at the perimeter of the campus

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classicssalk-institute-louis-kahn

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Fig 33 : Another view of the transition point for the water moving from the plaza to the lower level Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salkinstitute-louis-kahn

Fig 35 : Celebration of Wildlife, birds stop by for an early morning water-feast.

Fig 32 : Well-calibrated patterns of travertine intersect the water feature.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salkinstitute-louis-kahn

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salkinstitute-louis-kahn

Fig 36 : Upper Floor Plan Source : reconstructed from http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salk-institute-louis-kahn

Fig 37 : Views from the inside where the structure also acts a a framing element.

Fig 34 : The plaza-level water feature is resolved in a lower level reflecting pool and dining terrace.

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salkinstitute-louis-kahn

Source : http://www.archdaily.com/61288/ad-classics-salkinstitute-louis-kahn

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

35

MIT MEDIA LAB - Cambridge (Maki & Assoc.)

Context

Fig 47 : Elevation, East View Source : Maki & Associates

Fig 38 : MIT Media Lab Weisner + Ext. Building Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2017

Fig 48 : Floor + Curtain Wall Detail Source : Maki & Associates

Fig 39 : Entrance Foyer to the Extension Building at street cross-section Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2017

Fig 44 : Media Lab Building (West Face )Juxtaposed with MIT Medical Center Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2017

Fig 40 : Full Glass Facade with Aluminum Screen of variating density appropriate to respective functions inside.

Fig 49 : Multi-Purpose Room + Views Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Fig 45 : Facade Screen Detail Source : Maki & Associates

Fig 41 : Strata Center, designed by Frank Gehry Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2016

Fig 42 : Daytime View of the East Facade

Fig 43 : Hyatt Regency Hotel

Fig 46 : West Entrance Ground Level View

Source : Maki & Associates

Source : Google Maps Street View, Accessed 05.02.2016

Source : Maki & Associates

36

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

PLANS

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Source : (For all Drawings) www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2

37

ORGANIZATION

38

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

INTERIORS

Fig 51 : Children’s Learning Center Fig 55 : Lounges +Meeting spaces

Source : https://c1.staticflickr. com/7/6098/6245767508_4b1e13efba_b.jpg

Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2

Fig 56 : Atrium with overlooking Labs Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Fig 52 : Entrance Foyer to the Extension Building at street cross-section Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2

Fig 58 : Outer Atrium with Exposed Elevator Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Fig 54 : Cafe on 5th Floor + Collaborative spaces Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2

Fig 50 : Audio Visual Room + Submersible Workstations Source : Http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Fig 57 : Double Heighten Labs + Ceiling to Slab Glazing Fig 53 : Lighting - extensive use of rail mounted movable lighting, reconfigurable according to requirements

Source : http://www.wbmedialab.com/images_hi-res/MediaLab_respondantB.jpg

Source : www.architectureweek.com/2010/0707/design_3-2

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

39

Yale Art + Architecture Building (Paul Rudolph) Design Approach

Design Approach

The 2008 renovation restored the original linear lighting system wjich beautifully juxtaposed into the vertical concrete texture

Meeting current disability friendly requirements by the codes was a difficult task. The original plan had 37 level on 9 floors rendring incorporation disability access automatic

Interiors as grey [dull/neutral] concrete vs. earthy orange [bright and exciting] Carpets and furniture

Natural light bounces on the carpet and illuminates the entire space as warm interiors imprinting warth on the lifeless concrete

Like every brutalist buildings, this one retains all the joints and holes caused by the casting of concrete in place. Rudolph utilised this as an opportunity to create texture.

40

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Reinforcing Integration and articulation of structure.

this structure monumental

Facade Façade System system

Façade system

The 2008 restoration specified vast glass sheets developed to reduce heat gain and energy consumption. After mock-ups were evaluated for aesthetics and performance. The project team selected a glazing product that provided suitable insulating properties, low-emissivity (low-e), and glare reduction, while reproducing, as closely as possible, the look of the original windows. Fabricated by Viracon, the 8-by-12-foot panels were some of the largest single sheets of insulating glass ever made in the United States.

Zinc + Limestone [Gwathemey]

The 2008 restoration specified vast glass sheets developed to reduce heat Exposed Concrete [Rudolph] gain and energy consumption. After mock-ups were evaluated for aesthetics and performance. The project team selected a glazing product that provided suitable insulating properties, low-emissivity (low-e), and This Monumentality had been lost in the early 1950s ‘due to the debased glare reduction, while reproducing, as closely as possible, the look the this functionalism’ as quoted by Rudolph himself.of However Honest Brutalism era EntryShear Between two massive hollow columns resembling building achieves balance by using large Fenestration covered with glass.

Façade is Aluminium + Glass [Gwathemey] original windows. Fabricated by Viracon, the 8-by-12-foot panels were the vertical to a fortress making Reinforcing Integration and divide furthermore by vertical columns suplimented withturrents hammered this structure monumental of structure.concrete some of the largest single sheets ofarticulation insulating glassandever in the textured Beamsmade in the horizontal direction. The same principle develops inside as interlocking vertical and horizontal planes, United States.

Visual Quality

Carefully placed History of art building against the A+A building results in no hindrance to the views from the architectural sections of the building which start from the fourth floor, also permitting usable north light.

Zinc + Limestone [Gwathemey]

Entry hollo turren this s

Aluminium + Glass [Gwathemey] Reinforcing Integration and articulation of structure.

Exposed Concrete [Rudolph]

This Monumentality had been lost in the early 1950s ‘due to the debased functionalism’ as quoted by Rudolph himself. However this Shear Honest Brutalism era building achieves balance by using large Fenestration covered with glass. Façade is divide furthermore by vertical columns suplimented with the vertical hammered textured concrete and Beams in the horizontal direction. The same principle develops inside as interlocking vertical and horizontal planes,

Zinc + Limestone [Gwathemey] Exposed Concrete [Rudolph]

"Rudolph has been criticized for the serious functional shortcomings of the building: that he put the areas he cared least about in the basement; that the painters are very disturbed by south light; that the sculptors are in the low-ceiling 'caves'; that the best spaces are reserved for architectural activity. Functionally, Rudolph's building is a studied, politically architectural statement. Architecturally, it tends to extened beyond its own urban context. It cleverly establishes a general urban scale and a particular internal scale, both compatibly and expressively related.“ - Paul Heyer, Architects on Architecture: New Directions in America. p300-301.

This Monumentality had been lost in the early 1950s ‘due to the debased Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Restrained use of lively colours— mainly orange—and cleverly built-in furnishings enhance the architecture, which is intended 'to excite and challenge the occupants,' says Rudolph

The orange works remarkably well in softening the Brutalist architecture and in reinforcing the importance of these spaces of presentation

41

Fig 59 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; The building is punctuated with holes, producing a variety of visual and spatial overlaps and intersections, most notably among the expansive central pinup spaces and galleries. Staggered levels, bridges and peripheral studios offset and multiply the interaction.

Source : Manual of Section. Lewis, Paul et all. (2015)

42

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Spatial + Functional Analysis

UNLOADING AND LOADING DOCK UNLOADING AND LOADING DOCK

MECHANICAL SERVICES MECHANICAL SERVICES CIRCULATION SPACE CIRCULATION SPACE ELEVATORS ELEVATORS STAIRCASE STAIRCASE

EXTERNAL EXTERNAL EXIT EXIT STARICASE STARICASE

MAIN ENTRANCE TO THE BUILDING TO THE FIRST FLOOR MAIN ENTRANCE TO THE BUILDING TO THE FIRST FLOOR ENTRANCE TO THE PUBLIC CAFE ENTRANCE TO THE PUBLIC CAFE PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES

GROUND FLOOR PLAN GROUND FLOOR PLAN Back Entry

Quiet & Public Areas

Library

Entry Through Staircases & Elevator

Relatively Queiter & Semi Private Areas

Use of Sky lights to light interior reading room space.

Department Offices Aministration

Drawing Studio

Public Café

Mechanicals Electricals Services Workshops Main Hall Woodshop Digital Media

Noisy & Private Areas

Double height Hasting’s Hall

Storage & Teraching Labs

Classrooms Lecture Room

Quiet zone near Library, Noisier Zone near the office half

Offices Storage for the above functions

Back Entry

Noisy & Public Areas

Public Zone Thwo Storeyed Exhibition Space & related prefunctions

High Crowd Density Mass student gathereing Departmental & Faculty rooms Seminar room Lecture room

Seminar Rooms Conference Rooms Lecture Halls

Interlocking planes emphasising solid/Void Relationship

Unhindered entry from the Road outside

Administrative offices on mezzanine Overlooking exhibition space

FIRST FLOOR PLAN FIRST FLOOR PLAN

Quiet & Semi-Private Areas

4 Studios Terrace to sketch& Hangout space

Quiet & Private Areas

Jury space remained delineated through a change in flooring material.

Threshold achieved by changing levels Green roof Natural lighting for all studios NSEW Common Double height Jury Space Print + Laser Cutiing Room

Access from 2nd and 4th floor via Elevator or staircase

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

43

ENTRANCE TO THE PUBLIC CAFE PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES

UNLOADING AND LOADING DOCK

MECHANICAL SERVICES ELEVATORS CIRCULATION SPACE

GROUND FLOOR PLAN EXTERNAL EXIT STARICASE

CIRCULATION SPACE

ELEVATORS

STAIRCASE

STAIRCASE

ELEVATORS

MECHANICAL SERVICES MAIN ENTRANCE TO THE BUILDING TO THE FIRST FLOOR PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT ENTRANCE TO THE PUBLIC CAFE

CIRCULATION SPACE STAIRCASE

ELEVATORS CIRCULATION SPACE

MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES

PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

STAIRCASE

MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES

MECHANICAL SERVICES

MECHANICAL SERVICES

PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES

FLOOR PLAN Fig 62 : Ground Floor Plan -GROUND Circulation Analysis

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

Fig 60 : 1st Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Fig 64 : 2nd Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

ELEVATORS

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

CIRCULATION SPACE

FOURTH FLOOR PLAN

STAIRCASE MECHANICAL SERVICES

ELEVATORS

PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

CIRCULATION SPACE

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

STAIRCASE

MECHANICAL SERVICES

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES

FOURTH FLOOR PLAN Fig 61 : 4th Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Fig 65 : 3rd Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Structural System FIFTH FLOOR PLAN Fig 63 : 5th Floor Plan - Circulation Analysis

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

ELEVATORS

•

CIRCULATION SPACE STAIRCASE MECHANICAL SERVICES

BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN

• •

Internally the building is organized around a central core space defined by four large concrete slab columns that, similar to the external towers, are hollow to accommodate mechanical services.

Cast-in-Place Concrete [RCC] Bush Hammered Finish to the face of the exposed concrete

Gwathmey Siegel’s Addition History of Art Building

PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT MOVEMENT FOR SERVICES

FIFTH FLOOR PLAN Axis

RCC Shear walls Section showing hollow columns used as service and storage area

Fig 66 : First Basement Floor Plan FLOOR - Circulation Analysis BASEMENT PLAN

HASTINGS HALL

Fig 67 : Second Basement Floor Plan - BASEMENT Circulation Analysis SECOND FLOOR PLAN Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Original Yale Art + Architecture Building Cross-Courtyard Axis Plan By Paul Rudolph

Fig 68 : Structural Analysis

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

Source : Base Plans from Gwathmey Siegel Associates

44

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Hollow RCC Columns

Building Services

Building Services

Stacked Staircase

Custom fixtures with metal halide lamps replicated the appearance of the original incandescent lights, consume only 39 watts, rather than 150. Aluminum reflective paint, vernal lenses, and prismatic lamps result in a scattered-light

Lighting control All inside fixtures are positioned to shine toward the building interior, rather than out through windows. Lighting power densities are kept at low levels to minimize light pollution, while maintaining the look of the historic Rudolph lamps with a new, more energy-efficient fixture.

Between the four central piers two skylights rise as giant clerestories, intensifying natural light in the center of the space that receives it on all four sides through peripheral glazing

Void In The Middle providing Light wells & sky lighting for basement floors

Second Basement where all mechanical room & services are located

•

The A&A’s notorious lack of climate control, or even airflow, has been tackled with modern mechanical systems, largely housed in the addition, and thermally efficient windows. Historically accurate but inefficient elements, such as oversized glazing or low-insulating concrete walls, were offset by innovations in low-e insulating glass units, high-efficiency HVAC systems and controls, daylighting and occupancy sensors, air handling, storm-water management, non-potable water reuse systems were deployed.

•

Air-handling units in the lecture hall and classrooms are equipped with enthalpy heat exchangers, which salvage energy from returned building air and transfer it to incoming fresh air. To respond dynamically to building usage, Aircuity, an air-quality system, monitors carbon dioxide levels and reduces ventilation rates when rooms are unoccupied.

•

Water-saving fixtures, Old staircase modified to be storage room

• •

To support the local economy, the project team utilized local labor and materials wherever possible.

The original building did not employ any sprinklers. Fire sprinklers with exposed pipes and sprinkler heads were added over the last 20 years, contributing to the overall run-down look of the building. As part of the 2008 work, a new sprinkler system, which employed wall sprinklers to create fire separations between spaces, was added. With care- fully selected, discreet locations for Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture the piping, the system brought the building into full compatibility with current fire codes.

45

Case Study Comparative Matrix

46

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Comparative Matrix Parameter

Salk Institute

Yale Art + Architecture Building

MIT Media Lab Extension

T-Hub Business Incubator

Designer

Louis I Kahn

Paul Rudolph, Gwathemey Architects

Fumihiko Maki

W Design Studio

Year of Commission

Appraisal

1965

1963

2009

2015

Number of Users & Space Standards Applicable

850 Researchers, 60 research groups

11000sqm for approximately 250 students

6 Floors totaling 16300sqm @ $90 million

7500 sqm for approximately 150 workers and 35 Mentors

Intent

Salk had sought to make a beautiful campus in order to draw the best researchers in the world. Today, the Institute employs 850 researchers in 60 research groups in the subjects of molecular biology + genetics, neurosciences and plant biology.

To create a collaboration fostering building with ability to creatively stimulate students and faculty alike.

Together with External Weisner Building by I.M. Pei, the complex as intended to serve as a showplace for new concepts in design, communication systems and collaborative research.

To create a fresh, contemporary structure that facilitates collaborative workings and results in creative production of innovative goods and services

To make an intentful and configurable space for start-ups that facilitates collaborative & multi-disciplinary working.

The goal was to ignite a new energy and connectivity within the two building complex.

The T-Hub is the one of the first buildings that has been constructed with the intent of the function in the country.

Fast pace technological developing requires flexibility inherent in the design. As such, the scheme should be easily readopted as and when required.

Brutalism as a style has inherent flaws, specifically for seeming too blunt and overpowering. But when architecture is treated as infrastructure, only then can spaces be flexible and adaptable to mutable technological and spatial needs.

In 2004, the Times Higher Education Supplement ranked Salk as the world’s top biomedicine research institute, and in 2009 it was ranked number one globally by ScienceWatch in the neuroscience and behavior areas

Belief/Style

Relevant Area of Research for the Designer

Urban Context, Neighbourhood, Precinct, Land-use

The architects envisioned the building as a teaching tool

Kahn progressed from the International Style with the believe that buildings should be monumental and spiritually inspiring.

One of the Earliest example of Brutalism in America, Rudolph wanted an imposing and inspiring piece of architecture where spaces were interactive.

Architecture is seen as a living organism with the goal to make everyone’s work visible to everyone else. For all of his restrained modernist sensibility, Maki uses a Palladian idea for the arrangement of the building’s elements.

Contemporary, Expressionistic

The complex blend of Brutalism and International Style. The vision included a functional institutional building with an inspiring environment for scientific research.

The architect used fragments of history such as Assyrian Reliefs, Parthenoen Friezes, modular measures of Corbusier and original Louis Sullivan gates as a sample for students of art.

“It is a tripartite composition,” explains Maki.

“The base is composed of the main entrance and its fairly low ceiling exhibition spaces, the upper and lower atria form the piano mobile, and the public spaces on the roof are the crown.”

Extensive use of color over industrial produced materials to bring enthusiastic undertones to the aura of space

Kahn studied monasteries in order to build his concept of an “intellectual retreat”.He resolves this with distillation and compartmentalization of functional

Educational Buildings, Romanesque Churches, Historical artefacts of architecture

Japanese Architectural Style, Palladian Architectural Principles

Workshops, Office Buildings, Accelerator Offices

Institutional Buildings, Laboratory Buildings, Workshops.

New Haven, Connecticut - Located at the periphery of the Yale university Campus, between institutional and residential buildings.

The building is located within the MIT Campus and faces institutional and residential components around it. The site is also a 100m walk from the Charles river, on whose edge the MIT campus is designated.

Located in Hyderabad, Telangana, It is within the business district of the city and is approximately km from the Airport connectivity. It is placed inside the IIT-H campus and is surrounded by land-use of residential, institutional, research parks and offices on all sides.

Located in Dwarka Region of the New Delhi. The development control norms are medium coverage - medium FAR.

San Diego, The project is located on the land adjunct to university of California campus in the east and the pacific ocean in the east.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

47

Parameter

Salk Institute

Yale Art + Architecture Building

MIT Media Lab Extension

T-Hub Business Incubator

Appraisal

The surrounding land-use is majority institutional with colleges and research institutes and certain buildings alloted as parking structures.

Urban Context and tight development pressure resulted in formation of a cube like building, on the cross section of Amherst rd. and Ames st.

A strong urban campus, like Yale building, T-Hub and MIT Media Lab are all over 90% in ground coverage. Only Salk Institute corresponds to the given projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s situation.

Symmetrical plan, two structures mirroring each other, separated by an open plaza.

Fortress -like building that juxtaposes masses of bush-hammered concrete with layers of steel framed glazing

The Cube, initially designed to be an experimentation space, consists of a spacious open plan, surrounded by small cubicles along its double-height periphery, accessed by colorful staircases and balconies and finally covered by a walkable mesh roof.

Cuboid + Voided Atrium

Usually, a cuboid volume has been seen in all case examples, exceptions may arise when one looks at Jockey Club Innovation Tower, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University by Zaha Hadid Architects.

Buildings are segregated and arranged in a distilled fashion according to their function

A series of towers protrude over the roof in a series of turrets are also the structural piers.

7 Labs of size 500 - 850sqm, 8 conference rooms on lower 5 floor, large conference on 6th storey, social spaces as the upper atrium with fifth floor cafe and small coffee shops on the third and the fourth floor, with generous circulation

The floor planes recede as we move vertically upwards from the atrium, this creates overlooking spaces where even the furthermost spaces from the public atrium

A cuboid results in most efficient functioning and reduced AC loads, but daylighting is significantly reduced.

With the expanse of the site, the built is also distributed thoroughly.

Intersecting masses of vertical turrets and horizontal slabs

The Building seems like an exercise in transparency. The Media Lab has long been famous for hiding itself in a building by I.M. Pei that was a nearly windowless box. The new building, which joins the Pei at one edge, is exactly the opposite.

35m by 25m, with a atrium that varies from 15 m to 7m in its nominal width

Orientation

The built is oriented on its west-east axis, with courtyard like formations between them which witnesses the sunset on the banks of the sea.

The building is oriented according the urban fabric and the site conditions that is strongly dictated by the network of roads.

The building is oriented according to the site, with its major axis on 30 degrees east of north

The building sits in a strong urban context and thus is not oriented according to the cardinal direction but the site conditions.

In urban settings, the geometrical and landforms axis dominates and forms the geometry. In the case of Salk, the Context and views were the primary determinant of orientation.

Accessibility, Precinct, Neighborhood, City Level, Transit Connectivity

The site is accessible by Vehicles and Transit Bus. For the city, the place is a university/ research/campus area.

The site is accessible from pedestrian, vehicular and Transit Bus services

The site is accessible via all major transportation system in the city.

The site is accessible from pedestrian routes, vehicular and Transit Bus services

The site should be accessible by all means of transport including the informally organized and under-represented class.

Geometry, Mass, Volume, Figure Ground

Transit Bus system, Road Network and Bicycle friendly access paths and Pedestrian streets are the available options.

48

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Parameter

Site Plan / Circulation

Salk Institute

The Site is located in prime land of La Jolla, California, bordering the pacific ocean

Yale Art + Architecture Building

MIT Media Lab Extension

39 Level that were distributed throughout the 6 floors of the buildings were reduced and removed to incorporate universal access and fire safety in design.

The two major masses are connected by the central plaza while services through the periphery roads, where the utility and systems units are also located.

T-Hub Business Incubator

Appraisal

The architects designed the circulation to facilitate contact among researchers. The building actually includes two atria: a lower public atrium, and an upper atrium around which the labs are arrayed. Stairs bridging the atria are painted bright red, blue, and yellow — a Mondrianesque touch highlighting that connectivity, and creating a lively visual contrast to the building’s predominantly white and gray palette.

The site is connected with other institutional building in the vicinity by pedestrian pathways

Usually, the cases studies have not been responding appropriately to existing urban level infrastructure and surrounding site. They are inward looking with no apparent connection to the surrounding land-use. This may be a functional consideration.

Seven labs face one another across a central atrium in a staggered configuration; that is, the first level of one lab is at the second level of an adjacent lab. The labs are of various sizes ranging from 5,000 - 8,500 square feet.

The design is intended to be a plug in style with the existing

Social spaces: The upper atrium (see below), a fifth-floor café, small coffee areas on the third and fourth floors. The lower atrium is flanked by entry exhibition spaces.

“Atrium: The atrium is in two parts An outer, or street, atrium rising four floors from street level, flanked by exhibition spaces that appear to be part of the atrium.

An inner atrium that is a social/exhibition space for building inhabitants, rising two floors at the third and fourth floors, reached by a spectacular staircase rising from the outer atrium below”

Landscaping + Open Space Components

Materiality + Facade Strategy

The terrace of the building has been turned into a small cafe and planted with shrubs and grasses

Landscaping will be an important determinant in experiential understanding of Architecture since the ground coverage permissible is low.

No open space within the built in this urban campus

Only the accessible greens adjunct to the building within the campus limits are present.

Due to high Ground Coverage, Landscaping has been included inside the building.

Reinforced Concrete textured with Bush hammering, Steel framed Glazing

A wide range of material of natural, synthetic and emulated natural quality is used extensively throughout the buildings.

Concrete is certainly favourite among the case example of earlier style. Contemporary structures of same functional system.

Not a single element of greenery is added within the precinct of the buildings, the only natural element that one is directed towards is the Ocean.

a small garden surrounding the 5th floor skylight entry point

A central Plaza approximating 90 X 25m divides the two rows of buildings

Concrete, Teak, Glass, Steel

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

No landscaping specifically into on the site, the ground is primarily covered with built. However, a common courtyard/plaza between three adjacent blocks does exist, shared between the Muds building and the MIT Medical Center

The Yale Building was easily extended and integrated into the existing one.

So was the MIT Media Lab. This was but jointed on one side of the buildings.

It is safe to say that this project might need expanding as well.

However, the setback norm would prove hindering to the expansion of the built.

Reinforced concrete + MS Steel Structure

49

Parameter

Salk Institute

Yale Art + Architecture Building

MIT Media Lab Extension

T-Hub Business Incubator

Appraisal

The brutal depiction of concrete is counter-balanced with natural teak finishes on the window and the shades to create a harmony of natural and synthetic. The finish of the concrete also contributes in maintaining the natural finish to otherwise man made material.

In the Extension building, sober colors of zinc panels and limestone cladding is adopted to balance the bush hammered concrete of the original building.

Aluminum Screen area utilized as shading devices to adhere to building code of 50% glass facade

Reviews of the buildings have been generally good , and the colorfulness have not been seen as an eye sore. This has been achieved by using careful lighting temperature and adjacent colors.

Earthen and natural materials like wood and natural stone have been considered to be important towards facilitating a creative environment.

The Teak finish is left exposed to the sun with no synthetic or anti-aging protective coating, which has aged appropriately balancing the concrete that also has aged with time.

Carpets of orange colors are used to balance the greyness of concrete

The road facing facades are finished in ACP , Glass and Aluminum

Concrete was poured in-situ using the techniques used in Roman Architecture with volcanic ash. Once the concrete was set, no further finishing was allowed in order to attain a pinkish and warm glow in concrete left with exposed joints and form-work markings,

Occasionally, Timber is used to compliment the orange and Grey combination

The inside of the buildings are covered in soft materials, on the undertones of white. Usually carpet Interiors are employed as a sound reduction strategy.

Cast in-Situ Reinforced Concrete with coloring admixtures

Reinforced Concrete

“Reinforced Concrete Raft Foundation + Substructure MS Framing with rectangular sections as Compression and Tension members of the Superstructure.”

Inside the laboratories, the ducts and vents are reinforced by concrete Vierendeel trusses supported by post-tensioned columns

Massive hollow piers the support service inside them and the load on themselves

Deck sheeting as structural slab, this results in easier conduit. A screed is laid over for further floor finishes

Steel framed Glazing

Steel Trusses form the Large spanning element for the Auditorium at the lower floor.

Mechanical spaces were hidden in the building separating the “served” from the “servant” spaces, as Kahn refereed to them

the building is mechanically lighted and ventilated as the bulky volume cannot be naturally appropriated.

Heat gain is further reduced by the high performance, two layer, argon-filled insulated glazing with low-e coatings and a 50percent ceramic frit in a microdot pattern

The building is Air-Conditioned and utilizes the chiller based system with individual FCU for each office/ lab space

Radiant Cooling system would not work unless humidity is under control and the temperature is

A solar PV System has been retrofitted on the roof of all the buildings without any visual confrontation to the pristine setting and architecture

The plants are located on the second basement and acoustically sealed from the habitable places.

a solar PV system is attached on the terrace floor on an inclined plane

The atrium of the the building behaves as a light well, evenly distributing the structure

Locating the Plant Rooms in the lowermost basement is risky, given the water table & flooding potential.

The Open Plaza is made of travertine marble and a single strip of water runs down the center, linking all the buildings to the pacific ocean, formally establishing an axis towards the vast scale of ocean.

Construction System

Passive & Mechanical Design Strategies + Sustainability

50

Reinforced concrete with plastered and paneled finishes

Clearly, a raft foundation would be necessary for the basement services and parking areas. for the superstructure, service integration with structure would be a neccesary component and thus, perhaps, deck sheeting may be suitable.

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Parameter

Salk Institute

Yale Art + Architecture Building

MIT Media Lab Extension

The facade facing the plaza is pivoted on its vertical to create views towards the ocean and shade from the west sun.

Functional Relationship Diagrams

Spatial Organization and its contribution to the whole

T-Hub Business Incubator

Appraisal

All service pipelines are exposed and celebrated with Graphics and graphic design elements. This has been possible due to the central air-conditioning system.

A Solar PV System with Direct DC Lighting would prove efficient .

The buildings are six stories tall with the first three containing laboratories and the last three with utilities

A public cafe sits on-the ground floor of the extension building

The big, wide open space with offices surrounding it on the ground and mezzanine levels, the Cube has proved to be a perfect space for working collaboratively.

The meeting rooms and collaborative spaces usually open up to the atrium.

The spaces are connected with protruding tower that contains spaces for individual studies linked with bridges

In the section, the building changes 37 levels to accommodate functions and circulation in an inter exchanged overlooking manner.

Accordingly, Maki designed most of the labs in the new building to occupy two floors and surrounded them with offices.

The circulation overlooks the atrium in the middle and is generally more private to an office.

Originally the design also included living quarters and a conference building, but they were never actually built.

A penthouse apartments on the terrace for guest critics

It is organized around a central atrium that connects public spaces on the ground and upper floors forming a kind of vertical street

East end of the building are reserved for support systems such as heating, ventilation systems while the west end towers face the pacific ocean

The service cores are distributed at the periphery of the building and are accompanied by one of the turrets that also carry the service pipes

The faculty and grad-student offices occupy a mezzanine level, connected to an open research area by a spiral staircase. Each mezzanine is also accessible by elevator.

The laboratories were intent-fully separated from Individual study spaces, establishing them as different activities.

Mechanical and workshops are located in the basement along with the main auditorium

A series of interlocking two-story spaces facilitate what I call ‘diagonal thinking.’ - says Andy Lippmann. One could stand in the atrium and see through glass into each one of the labs and observe what everybody is doing at any given time. The open and non hierarchical nature of the space is both efficient and rooted in the Media Lab’s history

The idea of simple and strong; the served space of laboratories where research is performed, the serving space of offices where thought initiates

While the student and faculty rooms feature on the above floors

“...only 53% of the space is assignable the rest, nearly half of the building, is designated as shared space”

The strip of water enhances the symmetry intended in the plan and creates a sense of monumentality in the otherwise bare open plaza

Internally, the building is organized around a central core space defined by four large concrete slab columns

From the central atrium, you can look into the labs of half a dozen different research teams.

Labs are wide open: Senior offices wrap around the top of a double-height shared space. They work like the ateliers of art schools, each with a master and a team of acolytes.

A central Atrium is the binding elements around which all working and served spaces are dedicated to. While the circulation patterns between the center.

the building is drawn on a regular rectangular with the south side fitting itself to the profile of the site line

Maki conceived the new Media Lab Complex as a synthesis of many interlocking cubes, resulting in a complex sectional configuration that would allow maximum transparency through a very important advantage, that of natural light and energy.

The service ducts also acts as a sign-age holder where undersides of pipes direct users towards various functions

The buildings are designed to promote collaboration by no walls separating laboratories on any floor

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Mechanical services are based out in the basement

Around the central atrium, Circulation could alternate from outside to inside to create overlooking spaces.

51

Parameter

Salk Institute

Yale Art + Architecture Building

MIT Media Lab Extension

T-Hub Business Incubator

Massive piers are overemphasized and balanced with the linearity of texture and the slab lines.

It is organized around a central atrium that connects public spaces on the ground and upper floors forming a kind of vertical street

a cafeteria is present and maintained within the compound

Each level overlooks the central atrium while narrow concrete walkways connect the spaces on either side of the well

Lighting Strategies

Appraisal

Within the central atrium is a stepped sitting area that doubles as a communal space.

Due to Zoning code, the first two stories had to be underground, sinking the laboratories in the courtyard. In order to receive sunlight, these spaces were served with light-wells 12 X 7.5 m in size

Warm lighting throughout the building falling and bouncing on orange carpets and Grey concrete

Steel Framed sheathed in a system of aluminum rods, likening to a traditional bamboo screen. acts as a protection to Sun radiation and Heat gain

Besides the artificial lighting that have drawn well curated to meet individual needs, the central atrium acts as a daylighting strategy for the inner segments of the building

Daylighting is an important factor in creating breathable and comforting spaces.

The overground laboratories are lit with large glass panes on their exterior wall.

Windows of extraordinary sizes open on the facade to allow daylight ot enter the building

The Building Code in Cambridge dictate no more than 50% glass on the facade. Thus a a scrim was evolved that reduces heat gain and offers reinterpretations of the views.

Windows are covered with appropriately designed louvers and overhanging shades carefully, to reduce glare and heat gain

Unlike most urban buildings studied, a spread out approach may be more suitable.

The lighting fixtures are designed to easily slide along a rail on the roof, in tune with collaborative and open philosophy of the Salk institute.

Mechanical lighting, mounted as spot lights on rails over the ceiling make up for interior visual comfort

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The lightness of their construction allows light, views, and breeze to pass through while providing shade and privacyâ&#x20AC;?

Circulation are present on the periphery and are generally opening towards the lobby and the atrium

Around the central atrium, Circulation could alternate from outside to inside to create overlooking spaces.

The use of double facades and green walls are employed to counter excessive daylighting

Service & Circulation Cores

52

Circulation cores are placed disjunct from the built, serving the Study and the research spaces simultaneously.

The circulation cores are generally located with the piers and run along the service ducts.

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

3 THE SITE Selection Criteria for the Site Locational Context Site Information Site Analysis Climatological Analysis

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

53

SITE ANALYSIS

Site Selection CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF SITE

Delhi was chosen as the city for the project because the (A) abysmal condition of existing infrastructure and facilities for Incubators are abysmal, and (B) the demand for such facilities are immense given the promotion of the Startup India Movement by the GoI, and (C) the city, its institution and the citizens are ready to Innovate and incubate new ideas, contributing to the development of the tertiary sector of the economy. The NCR region is well populated with diversity of professionals and experts, and is the geographical center to many education and research institution.

Along-with these components that are necessary for incubator infrastructure, it is also a commercial center, i.e. a sector hungry for successful products and services.

Sites were shortlisted in Okhla Phase II , Rama Road and Dwarka region of Delhi/ NCR. After due deliberations. The site at Dwarka was chosen due to the following factors

01.

02.

03.

04.

Connectivity to the City with Metro and Bus Transit Services Availability of land resource at low cost, making rents more affordable Vicinity to existing Technical Institutions for higher education & research Basic Infrastructure in adequately functioning conditions.

NAJAFGARH ROAD

DWARKA SECT-17

OKHLA PHASE - II

54

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

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Fig 72 : Zonal Development Plan for Dwarka (Zone K-II)

13

R

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Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

SHIV VIHAR

Source : Delhi Development Authority

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)

BUS TRM RLY STN L. . .

SANIK NAGAR

18 1.08 HAC

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Fig 70 : Delhi Master Plan 2021

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The Dwarka region has been envisioned by the Delhi Development Authority (DDA) to be a self sustaining sub-city within the National Capital Region (NCR) of the Nation.

The region is located on the South-West side of NCR and is in close vicinity to city of Gurugram (18 mins drive) and the Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGI) (10 min drive/ transit). This strategic advantage to the region is exploitable to become a Business and Development Hub. Today, it is the largest residential suburb of Asia with a population of 1.1 million within the total area of 56.48 m2. This continuously densifying area currently averages 19,000 pph. To release the demand on roads for transportation of passengers and citizens from this region to the rest of the city, the region has 8 Metro stations, evenly paced through its east-west axis. A large passenger and freight interchange has been planned at sector 21 along with the existing metro station.

0M

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Fig 71 : Map of India - Delhi within the Country

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15

SHIVANI EN. III

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LOCATIONAL CONTEXT

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(C OM T. C E M .)

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55

D.

C.

Due to its distance from the city center of Delhi, and transit connectivity through Metro lines and the low cost of land, the region has been predominantly alloted for Institutional Campuses, Educational Campuses and Residential Areas in the first phase. Commercialization and social infrastructure is envisioned in the second phase.

The Master Plan vision attempts to make Dwarka into a ‘successful’, ‘self-sufficient’, and ‘sustainable’ city. The Master Plan has notified the Zone as an Urban Extension Project.

TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT

A pilot Dwarka Bicycle Sharing Project is planned for the sub-city which will attempt to being the percentage of Public Transit : Private Vehicle from 70:30 split to 80:20. These cycles are attempt for last mile connectivity within the region.

The region is allowed extended FAR in TOD notified zones and TOD laws are applicable within the region.

SITE INFORMATION Location

Sector 17, Dwarka, New Delhi

Site Area

15000 SQM / 3.73 Acres

Building Typology

PSP / R&D Center

Building Function

Design & Technology Incubator

Programme Components

Research Laboratory, Office Spaces, Rented Residential, Workshops, Exhibition Spaces

Height Restriction

37m (MPD Development Control Norms) 82m (AAI) [293.55 m (Allowed Elev. - 211 m (Site Elev.)]

Ground Coverage Permissible

35% (MPD) 50 % (TOD)

Built Up Area Permissible

1.5 * 18000 = 27000

Floor Area Ratio Permissible

150, 15% of BUA for Residences

Access Roadways Width

9m (minimum)

Fire Tender Roadways

6m (minimum) 50 % (TOD 5C.)

TOD Zone Applicable

800m (Standard Zone)

Setbacks

15m Front / 12m on each side (2015 TOD Amendment to MPD 2021)

Parking Norms

4 Wheelers (28 SQM) - 1.33 ECS 2 Wheelers (8 SQM) - 0.25 ECS Cycles (2.5 SQM) - 0.1 ECS

CLEARANCES APPLICABLE

SITE

MPD 2021

Density/GC/FAR/Setback/Height Restrictions

ZDP K-II

Land-use / Heights Restrictions

AAI-NOC

Height Restrictions

UTTIPEC

Changes in Road map

Forest Department

Approval for Tree Cutting

DDA/MOUD

Land-use change / Purchasable FAR

Delhi Bye Laws

Plans/Adherence to Bye Laws

DMRC-NOC

Within 20m zone of MRTS stations

Delhi Fire Laws

As per NBC 2007

TOD Rules

Ch19, MPD 2021

Fig 73 : Sector 17 Drawing from DDA Source : Zonal Development Office K-II, New Delhi

56

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

AUTO CAD Drawing of Site + Context Road Ways Metro Ways Building Outlines Context

NETAJI SUBHASH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SECT-14 METRO ST.

DELHI JUDICIAL NATIONAL ACADEMY UNIVERSITY INTELLECTUAL OF LAW PROPERTY OFFICE

SECT-13 METRO ST.

GURU-GOVIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY

SECT-12 METRO ST.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

57

AUTO CAD Drawing of Site Existing Conditions & Potential Connections and Views

MAJOR TRAFFIC INTERSECTION

CLIMATOLOGICAL AXIS

N

PLANNED HOSPITAL

HAWKIN

G ZONE

HAW

KIN

PARK VIEW

GZ

ONE

POSSIBILITY OF BIOMEDICINE RESEARCH CENTER T- J U

NC

TIO

35

M

ME TR

ICA

SIT E EX for F PA UT NS UR ION E

LA

XIS

N

RO

GE O

AD

SITE RESIDENTIAL UNITS PANNED RESIDENTIAL UNITS

S PARK VIEW

58

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Figure Ground Precinct Level

Grain of the Settlement The Urban Fabric of the region is rough grained and unevenly textured with gated communities and large undeveloped plots sparsely distributed throughout.

The Urban Permeability of the region is significantly low compared to the older settlements in the city. With the rising security concern among citizens, real-estate developers have been adopting gated communities as a security measure.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

59

Google Image of Site + Precinct Road Ways Metro Ways

SITE

60

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Climatological Analysis

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

61

Thermal Comfort

Sun Path Diagram

1. Dew Point 2. Humidity Level 3. Dry Bulb Temperature

1. reducing insolation 2. incresing natural daylighting 3. defining opening and facade strategy

HIGH TEMP, LOW HUMIDITY

Potential for Evaporative Cooling

Solar Azimuth DAYLIGHTING WITH DIFFUSED RADIATION

POTENTIALOUTDOOR COMFORT LEVELS

Potential daylighting using north lights since no direct radiation hits the north side during high temperature side.

Dew Point defines outdoor comfort levels when dew point approaches the dry bulb temperature. -the potential for evaporation is reduced

HIGH HUMIDITY LEVELS + HIGH TEMPERATURE

These conditions require Actove Air Conditioning

Solar Altitude Fig 74 : Sun Path Diagram + Hourly Dry Bulb Temperature Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

62

Fig 75 : Dew Point + Dry Bulb Temperature + Relative Humidity Data Overlap Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Rainfall Temperature Humidity Levels

HIGH CLOUD COVER DIFFUSES DIRECT RADIATION

Fig 76 : Comparative Humidity/Dry Bulb Temperature and corresponding thermal comfort.

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

New Delhi earns an average of 790 mm (31.1 in) of rainfall per year, or 65.8 mm (2.6 in) per month.

On average there are 57 days per year with more than 0.1 mm of rainfall (precipitation) or 4.8 days with a quantity of rain, sleet, snow etc. per month.

The driest weather is in November & December when an average of 9 mm (0.4 in) of rainfall (precipitation) occurs.

The wettest weather is in July when an average of 237 mm (9.3 in) of rainfall (precipitation) occurs.

POTENTIAL OUTDOOR RADIATION LEVELS

Potential PV Energy Generation

MONSOON RAINFALL & HUMIDITY LEVEL

Average Precipitation mm

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

19

20

15

21

25

70

237

235

113

17

9

9

Precipitation Litres/m² Average Precipitation mm Number of Wet Days (probability of rain on a day) Precipitation Litres/m² Percentage of Sunny (Cloudy) Daylight Hours

Jan 19

Feb 20

Mar 15

19 3 (10%) 73 19 (27)

20 3 (11%) 72 20 (28)

15 3 (10%) 66 15 (34)

Number of Wet Days (probability of rain on a day)

3 (10%)

3 (11%)

3 (10%)

70 21 (30) 1 (3%)

Feb 11:07 798:38 (21)

Mar 11:56 667:48 (34)

Apr 12:48 729:12 (28)

66Mar (34) 7:48

May 25

Jun 70

21 1 (3%)

25 3 (10%) 60 25 (40)

70 5 (17%) 45 70 (55)

3 (10%)

5 (17%)

41237 (59) 14 (45%)

May 13:32 608:05 (40)

Jun 13:54 466:24 (54)

Jul 13:44 415:36 (59)

70Apr (30) 9:12

May 60 (40) 8:05

45Jun (55) 6:24

Jul 237 14 237 (45%)

41Jul (59) 5:36

Aug 235

Sep 113

14 235 (45%) 48235 (52)

113 7 (23%) 60113 (40)

14 (45%)

Aug 13:07 486:11 (52)

48Aug (52) 6:11

Oct 17

Nov 9

Annual 790 57 790 (16%) 65790 (35)

17 2 (6%)

9 1 (3%)

9 1 (3%)

7 (23%)

83 17 (17) 2 (6%)

87 9 (13) 1 (3%)

78 9 (22) 1 (3%)

Sep 12:16 627:30 (38)

Oct 11:24 839:23 (17)

Nov 10:41 909:30 (10)

Dec 10:20 788:00 (22)

73Jan (27) 7:36

Average Daylight Hours & Minutes/ Day Day Sunny & Average (Cloudy)Sunlight DaylightHours/ Hours (%) Average Daylight Hours & Minutes/ Sun altitude at solar noon on the 21st day Day (°).

Sunny & (Cloudy) Daylight Hours (%)

Jan 10:31 737:36 (27) 10:31 41.5 73 (27)

11:07 50.7 79 (21)

11:56 61.6 66 (34)

12:48 73.3 72 (28)

13:32 81.6 60 (40)

13:54 84.8 46 (54)

13:44 81.8 41 (59)

13:07 73.5 48 (52)

12:16 62.1 62 (38)

11:24 50.6 83 (17)

10:41 41.4 90 (10)

10:20 38 78 (22)

Sun altitude at solar noon on the 21st day (°).

41.5

50.7

61.6

73.3

81.6

84.8

81.8

73.5

62.1

50.6

41.4

38

HIGH TEMP, HIGH HUMIDITY

indoors require Air Conditioning

60Sep (40) 7:30

83Oct (17) 9:23

87Nov (13) 9:30

790

Dec 9

Percentage of Sunny (Cloudy) Daylight Hours Average Sunlight Hours/ Day

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

72Feb (28) 8:38

Apr 21

Annual

78Dec (22) 8:00

57 (16%)

Annual 65 (35) 7:49

Annual 12:00 657:49 (35) 12:00 61.8 65 (35) 61.8

63

Wind Analysis Annual Distribution %

Summer Season Distribution % Natural Wind can be successfully employed as a passive cooling system if the catchments are designed appropriately.

In the Summers, the major winds originate west of noth-west WNW, along with some counter-winds from ESE

Fig 82 : Annual Average Wind Direction Distribution

Fig 80 : Wind Direction Distribution for May

Fig 81 : Wind Direction Distribution for June

Monsoon Season Distribution % During the monsoon, the humidity levels are higher and thermal comfort is achieved by ventilating the extra humidity generated by occupants. The WNW winds can be harnessed to passively ventilate the building’s non conditioned spaces.

Fig 77 : Wind Direction Distribution for July

Fig 78 : Wind Direction Distribution for August

Fig 79 : Wind Direction Distribution for September

Source : https://www.windfinder.com/windstatistics/delhi_indira_gandhi_airport

64

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Pollution Levels And deployment of Air Treatment Facility Units

Fig 85 : Pollution Levels for 2012-2014, the pollution levels have been increasing ever since then.

Source : DPCC Air Data

Wind Rose

Speed distribution for months that require ventillation vigrously.

DAILY AVERAGE MONTHLY AVERAGE

Fig 83 : Wind Direction + Speed Distribution for JUN-SEP (2009-2016) Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Weather Conditions Overlap of corellated variable over the year.

Fig 84 : Climatic Overlap of all Data Source : After ISHRAE Weather File, EnergyPlus

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

65

4 The Project Scope of the Poject Programmatic Requriements Area Modules Area Programme Relationship Diagram

66

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Scope of the Project The Site is jurisdiction in the Dwarka sub-city area of the NCR region, besides the existing 2 technical university and more planned to come. It is a site well connected via major transit systems of the city and is envisioned to be an important contributors to new business in the economy of Delhi and India. The following Components are planned into an integrated complex to promote and facilitate the incubation programme.

Working Modules + Library + Computer Center Working Modules and allied services will provide the new business and development that may need to be incubated, modules of infrastructure to work and study on their project. It also envisions spaces for faculty/mentors that may provide necessary supports o these group of new business.

Workshops The Workshops will serve two types of users. One is the existing business incubates in the building that require assistance in project development. The other function of the workshops are to acts as a maker’s space that can be rented hourly to DIY enthusiasts via a scheme of membership or subscriptions so that they may be empowered to evolve their specific projects rather than relying on economies of scale and large scale manufacturers to produce them. Due to the wide variety of workshops and equipments available, this space may also become a hub for students in technical courses who need the be instructed towards the right direction. Ultimately, it is envisioned that this system will become a model to further fuel the DIY Movement.

Canteen Canteen will be provided so that the facility may become a self sufficient one and provide food at odd working hours that one usually witnesses in these centers.

Auditorium/Experience/Banquet Shall be used for lecture, gathering, Product launches, Funding Meetings and display of newly in-house evolved technology. It hopes to be a successful incubator model meeting all requirements that current and potential startups may need.

Residences Residences are provided in adjacent to the facility to ensure hassle free living system, so that the incubates may fully utilize the limited years of the programme that they may be awarded. This is to ensure that time, which is extremely valuable while setting up business ma not be wasted in traveling. The residences shall be provided at a nominal rate for the incubates and their family and development a live-work culture in the programme.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Programming Uses Functional and spatial characteristics of various units of the incubator are determined for optimum results. However, the description of the programme of a service development modules is different from a product development and industrial modules. However these two typology also share a great number of features and requirements, so it is appropriate to conflate them in the same facility.

For the Modules, an ‘addable system’ is adopted taking basic unit of individual work module and operate with the rule of aggregation and growth.

1. An individual module workspace is established.

2. he surface area of workspaces are evolved and arrayed 3. A modularity is established between the functions as a recombinational system.

4. A degree of flexibility is introduced to these modules for adding and separating.

67

Standardized Modules & Size Requirements DESIGN & INDUSTRIAL MODULES : Figure 2.1.3.a

REFERENCE STRUCTURAL MODULE Individual work area: 7-9 m²

SUPPORT SPACES

COMMUNAL SPACES

Manager's office 16-18 m²

Break room + library 36-54 m²

Kitchen 60-100 m²

Outdoor break area 80-100 m²

Washroom facilities 1 lavatory for every 15 individual work areas

7,50 - 8,50 m

7,50 - 8,50 m

7,50 - 8,50 m

SHARED SPACES Meeting room/classroom 30-36 m²

Office for specialist attention 9-10 m² 12,00 - 16,00 m

Large classroom 80-100 m²

INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY MODULES

Administration Variable depending on the size of the centre

Small industrial module 50-70 m²

Community changing rooms, approx. 60 m² Games room 36 m²

Conference room 160-200 m²

Medium industrial module 100-130 m²

Meeting room 30-36 m²

Archive Variable depending on the needs of the centre

Car park 2-3 places for each industrial module

Lobby Variable depending on the centre Large industrial module 200-250 m²

Reception 9-18 m²

Concierge’s office 9-18 m²

Exhibition area Approx. 60 m². (variable depending on the centre) Exceptional industrial module 350-400 m²

Waiting room 16-18 m2

COMPLEMENTARY SPACES Cafeteria 80-120 m2 variable depending on the critical mass of the EAE

Loading and unloading bay 90 - 130 m²

25 metres

68

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

TECHNOLOGY & SERVICE AREA MODULES : Figure 2.1.1.a

WORK MODULES Individual work area: 7-9 m²

Small independent office module 16-20 m²

Medium independent office module 28-36 m²

SHARED SPACES

COMMUNAL SPACES

SUPPORT SPACES

Informal meeting area 7-9 m²

Circulation spaces

Manager's office 16-18 m²

Kitchen 60-100 m² (0,40 m² per individual work area)

Office for specialist services 9-10 m²

Meeting room / Classroom 30-36 m²

Administration Depending on the size of the centre

Large independent office module 42-60 m²

Large classroom 80-100 m²

Break room + library 36-54 m² Waiting room 16-18 m2

Outdoor break room 80-100 m²

Coworking module 36-72 m² Conference hall 160-200 m²

Meeting room 30-36 m² Reprographics area 6-9 m²

Reception 9-18 m² Games room 36 m²

Storeroom module 6-9 m²

Washroom facilities 1 lavatory for every 15 individual work areas Concierge’s office 9-18 m²

Lobby area Variable depending on the centre

Car park Variable depending on the centre

Archive Depending on the needs of the centre

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture 110

111

69

Functional Relationship Diagram ENTRY

BACK ENTRY

WORKSHOPS

DATA CENTER

RESIDENCES

COMPUTER LAB KITCHEN LIBRARY

OPEN CIRCULATION CORE

LABORATORIES/OFFICES

OPEN

BACK ENTRY

CANTEEN

KITCHEN

MEETING ROOMS ADMINISTRATION

BANQUET PFA AUDITORIUM

Fig 86 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; Schematic Functional Relationship Diagram for the Project Source : Author

70

BACK OFFICE FOYER + LOUNGE

EXPERIENCE CENTER

ENTRY Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Functional Relationship Diagram Figure 2.1.3.e ORGANISATION CHART OF SPACES INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS INCUBATORS

MAIN ENTRANCE

ADMINISTRATIVE AREA AREAS OPEN TO USERS FROM OUTSIDE THE INCUBATOR

WORK AREAS FOR THE CENTRE STAFF SPACES THAT DO NOT NEED NATURAL DAYLIGHT

Office for specialist attention

Lobby and reception

Administration

Washroom facilities

Exhibition area Manager's office

Management meeting room

Administrative archive

Concierge’s office

Waiting room

DIRECT VISUAL RELATIONSHIP

Games room

Kitchen

Community changing rooms

Break room + library

Meeting room(s) / Classroom Large classroom + waiting area

Cafeteria

Conference room + waiting area

INDUSTRIAL USE - NEED FOR ZONING

Exceptional industrial activity module

ENTRANCE TO CAFETERIA

EXTERIOR AREAS

SPACES FOR HOSTING COMPANIES Large industrial activity module

Medium industrial activity module

Small industrial activity module

Groups of spaces that share a notable characteristic

Loading and unloading bay

ACCESS TO VEHICLES Outdoor break area

Basic spaces of an industrial incubator with a “raw” finish that tenants will adapt according to their needs Optional spaces of an industrial incubator with a “raw” finish that tenants will adapt according to their needs

Car park

Spaces that can be common to other facilities Basic open spaces in an industrial business incubator Optional open services in an industrial business incubator Basic closed spaces in an industrial business incubator Optional closed spaces in an industrial business incubator Direct relations: to guarantee proximity as far as possible

ACCESS TO HEAVY VEHICLES

Users of the spaces: companies, clients, staff, participants at training activities and entrepreneurs, respectively

Fig 87 : Organizational Charts for Industrial Business Incubators Source : VIVARIVM, EU Criteria for Incubators

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

71

Functional Relationship Diagram

Figure 2.1.1.m ORGANISATION CHART OF SPACES SERVICES COMPANIES INCUBATORS

MAIN ENTRANCE

ENTRANCE FOR VEHICLES

LEGEND Spaces that can be common to other facilities

Lobby and reception

Basic open spaces in a services companies incubator SPACES FOR HOSTING COMPANIES - SPACES FOR INDIVIDUAL WORK

WORK AREAS FOR THE CENTRE STAFF

Coworking module

Optional open services in a services companies incubator Management meeting room Basic closed spaces in a services companies incubator

Office for specialist services

Independent office module

Car park Washroom facilities

Optional closed spaces in a services companies incubator Groups of spaces that share a notable characteristic

Manager's office

Concierge’s office

Direct relations: to guaranteed proximity as far as possible

Administration Waiting room

Informal meeting areas

Users of the Spaces: companies, clients, staff, participants at training actions and entrepreneurs, respectively

SPACES THAT DO NOT NEED NATURAL DAYLIGHT

Reprographics area

AREAS THAT GENERATE NOISE

Kitchen

Break room + library

Games Room

Meeting room/ classroom

Administrative archive Storeroom modules

Outdoor break area

Large classroom + waiting area

Conference room + waiting area

Fig 88 : Organizational Charts for Service Companies Incubators Source : VIVARIVM , EU Criteria for Incubators

72

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Area Programme SITE INFORMATION

Incubation Center Area Programme

Location

Sector 17, Dwarka, New Delhi

Site Area

15000 SQM / 3.73 Acres

Building Typology

PSP / R&D Center

Building Function

Deisgn & Technology Incubator

Programme Components

Research Laboratory, Office Spaces, Rented Residential, Workshops, Exhibition Spaces

Height Restriction

37m (MPD) (AAI ?)

Ground Coverage Permissible

35% (MPD) 50 % (TOD)

Built Up Area Permissible

1.5 * 15000

Floor Area Ratio Permissible

150

Fire Tender Roadways

A.

Standa Occupa rd ncy sqm/P ax

Area

Nos

Area/U nit

Total Area

Remarks

Entrance

1

Entry Foyer

-

-

1

50

50

2

Reception Desk

-

-

1

20

20

3

AirLock

-

-

1

10

10

4

Security Room + Fire Control Room

-

1

25

25

5

Building Management System Room

6

Lounge/Waiting

7

-

-

1

10

10

66

1.2

1

90

90

Back Office

-

-

1

15

15

8

Toilets (male) - 2WC / 3WB / 2UR

-

-

1

15

15

9

Toilets (female) - 3WC / 3WB

-

-

1

12

12

9m (minimum)

10

Toilet (Handicap) 1WB/1WC

-

-

1

2.5

2.5

6m (minimum)

11

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC+WB

-

-

1

4

4

12

Communal Changing Room + Shower (M)

-

-

1

20

20

13

Communal Changing Room + Shower (F)

-

-

1

20

20

Administration 15

10

1

150

150

1

20

20

15% of BUA for Residences Access Roadways Width

S.No.

50 % (TOD 5C.) TOD Zone Apllicable

800m (Standard Zone)

Setbacks

15m Front / 12m on each side

B.

(2015 TOD Amendment to MPD 2021)

1

Administration

4 Wheelers (28 SQM) - 1.33 ECS

2

Archive Room

2 Wheelers (8 SQM) - 0.25 ECS

3

Manager's Office

1

20

1

20

30

4

Manager's Meeting Space

5

2.5

1

15

15

5

Accounts Division

6

10

1

60

60

6

Head's Room

1

18

3

18

54

7

Mentor's Room

1

15

15

15

225

8

Faculty Room

1

10

10

12

120

9

Associates Room

1

8

10

10

100

Parking Norms

Cycles (2.5 SQM) - 0.1 ECS

DEVELOPMENT BODY AND VARIOUS CLEARANCES APPLICABLE MPD 2021

Density/GC/FAR/Setback/Height Restrictions

ZDP K-II

Land-use / Heights Restrictions

10

General Technician's Room

1

12

1

10

10

AAI-NOC

Height Restrictions

11

Concierge Office

-

-

1

25

25

UTTIPEC

Changes in Road map

12

Storage Room

-

-

2

15

30

Forest Department

Approval for Tree Cutting

13

Toilets (male) - 2WC / 4WB / 3UR

-

-

1

20

20

DDA/MOUD

Land-use change / Purchasable FAR

14

Toilets (female) - 3WC / 3WB

-

-

1

12

12

Delhi Bye Laws

Plans/Adherence to Bye Laws

15

Toilets (Handicap) 1WB/1WC

-

1

2.5

2.5

DMRC-NOC

Within 20m zone of MRTS stations

C.

Laboratories

Delhi Fire Laws

As per NBC 2007

1

Research Module (150 SQM X 6 Units)

TOD Rules

Ch19, MPD 2021

Indpendent Module

2

20

2

20

40

Coworking Module

10

10

1

100

100

Meeting Area + Library

6.5

3

1

20

20

-

1

15

15

Storage

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

-

-

73

Incubation Center Area Programme S.No.

Standa Occupa rd ncy sqm/P ax

Area

Washroom (M/F) 2

Incubation Center Area Programme

-

-

Nos 2

Area/U nit

5

Total Area

Remarks

10

1

Seating Space

2

Stage Area

3 4

Indpendent Module

2

20

3

20

60

Coworking Module

10

22

1

225

225

20

20 15

6.5

3

1

Storage

-

-

1

15

Washroom (M/F)

-

-

2

5

Indpendent Module

2

20

3

20

60

Coworking Module

10

35

1

350

350

Meeting Area + Library

6.5

3

1

20

20

Storage

-

-

1

15

15

Washroom (M/F)

-

-

2

5

10

-

-

2

10

1

600

600

1

180

180

Pre-Function

-

-

1

200

200

Green Room (M)

5

5

1

25

25

-

1

12

12

Make-up Station

6

4

1

24

24

7

Storage Room

-

-

2

25

50

8

Main Panel Room + Projection + Light + Sound Room

1

30

30

1

6

6

UPS Room

Experience Center Experience Center

1

500

500

2

25

50 500

4

8

75

2

Divided on different floors

3

Banquet Area Pre-Function Area

Meeting Room

8

1.5

6

15

90

3

Seminar Room

20

2

2

40

80

5

Lounge

60

6

Kitchen

1

Computer Lab

2.5

1

Storage 2

-

-

Central Data + Server Room

1 1

Storage 3

2.5

1

500

Storage Room

1/3x of Exhibit

2

25

50

1

600

600

200 300 200

-

Storage

-

7.5

20

60

1

200

200

1

50

50

1

75

75

1

25

25

20

Dry Store

1/4x of Cooking

1

15

15

35

Cold Store

-

-

1

10

10

-

1

10

10

20

20

20 35

20

1

300

300

2

20

20

Deep Freeze Store

-

Dishwashing Area

1/4x of Cooking

1

Catering Area

1/5x of Cooking

1

15

25

Loading/Unloading Dock

1/4x of Cooking

1

20

20

2

10

20

1

20

20

-

-

-

-

Auditorium 7

74

10

3

1/3x of Cooking

100

Locker Room + Changing Room + Washroom (M/F) F.

0.83

Preparation Area

100

20

2

1/3x of Exhibit

Cooking Area

40

Data Center + UPS Room

1/3x of Exhibit

Storage Room

2

Computer Center

Storage Room

Exhibition Space

4

E.

6

6

1

2

60

12

6

G.

-

1

12

1

20

-

2

1

-

1365

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC+WB

30

-

-

6

6

Conference Room

-

Washroom (M)

6

12

4

Changing Room + Lockers (M)

1

6

75

50

Toilets (female) - 3WC / 3WB

2

1

6

50

10

-

5

6

1

10

-

15

1

10

5

Waiting Lounge + Newspaper/Journal

5

1

Toilets (female) - 3WC / 3WB

1

5

Green Room (F)

Toilets (male) - 3WC / 4WB / 3UR

Toilets (male) - 3WC / 5WB / 3UR

Meeting Spaces

-

9

4

D.

Remarks

-

Washroom (M)

Double Heighted ?

Total Area

1.5

10

Exceptional Industrial Module (450SQM X 3 Units)

Area/U nit

-

1/3rd of Seating Area

Changing Room + Lockers (M)

5

Nos

400

1980 3

Standa Occupa rd ncy sqm/P ax

Area

1110 Research Module (300 SQM X 6 Units)

Meeting Area + Library

S.No.

Open Cafe Counter

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017 2

3

Incubation Center Area Programme

Incubation Center Area Programme S.No.

Standa Occupa rd ncy sqm/P ax

Area

Nos

Area/U nit

Total Area

Remarks

S.No.

Standa Occupa rd ncy sqm/P ax

Area

25

25

25

25

-

-

1

12

12

-

-

2

5

10

150

2

1

300

300

-

-

-

4

20

80

8

Storage

9

Toilets (male) - 2WC / 4WB / 3UR

-

-

1

10

10

9

Toilets (male) - 2WC / 4WB / 3UR

-

10

Toilets (female) - 3WC / 3WB

-

-

1

6

6

10

Toilets (female) - 3WC / 3WB

11

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC+WB

-

-

1

4

4

11

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC+WB

H.

Workshops

I.

Canteen

1

Mechanical Workshops

Preparation + Working Area 1

80

80

1

Cafetaria + Restaurant

2

Kitchen

1

15

15

Workstation Area

-

-

3

5

15

Storage UPS Unit 2

Wood Working Workshops

5

6

10

20

Preparation Area

15

3

1

80

Deep Freeze Store

-

-

1

6

6

-

-

1

10

10

1/5x of Cooking

1

12

12

1/5x of Cooking

1

15

15

1/4x of Cooking

1

20

20

2

10

20

Cold Store

Workstation Area

-

-

3

5

15

Catering Area

-

-

2

10

20

Dry Store

1

3

3

Loading/Unloading Dock

Preparation + Working Area 1

60

60

Locker Room + Changing Room + Washroom (M/F)

-

-

Department Head's Cabin

1

15

1

15

15

Workstation Area

-

-

3

5

15

Storage

-

-

2

10

20

UPS Unit

-

-

1

3

3

Preparation + Working Area 1

60

60

Department Head's Cabin

1

15

1

15

15

Workstation Area

-

-

3

5

15

Storage

-

-

2

10

20

UPS Unit

-

-

1

3

3

Preparation + Working Area 1

60

60

Department Head's Cabin

1

15

1

15

15

Workstation Area

-

-

1

3

3

Storage

-

-

2

10

20

UPS Unit

-

-

1

3

3

Preparation + Working Area 1

12

12

1

5

5

Preparation + Working Area 1

60

60

15

15

Testing Lab

1/4x of Cooking

3

Dishwashing Area

Paint Shop

18

80

-

15

Electrical + Electronics Workshop

55

18

7.5

1

-

15

Printing & Cutting + 3D Equipment Shop

55

1

7

Preparation + Working Area 1

1

Metal Working Shop

1

1/3x of Cooking

15

15

UPS Unit 7

2

Cooking Area

1

UPS Unit

4

-

1

Department Head's Cabin Storage 3

-

Remarks

1

-

15

Total Area

-

Storage

1

Area/U nit

Preparation + Working Area 1

8

Department Head's Cabin

Nos

1

5

Department Head's Cabin

1

15

1

Workstation Area

-

-

1

3

3

Storage

-

-

2

10

20

UPS Unit

-

-

1

3

3

-

-

3

Games Room + Creche

1

60

1

60

60

4

Toilets (male) - 2WC / 4WB / 3UR

-

-

1

10

10

5

Toilets (female) - 3WC / 3WB

-

-

1

6

6

6

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC+WB

-

-

1

4

4

J.

Library 4

5

1

20

20

-

1

15

15

1

Circulation Desk

2

Cloak Room

3

Security Dek

-

-

1

10

10

4

Librarian Office

1

25

1

25

25

5

Catalouge Room 250 Books

4

5

1

20

20

6

Accession Room 300 Books

5

5

1

25

25

7

Binding Room

4

5

1

20

20

8

Sudy Rooms

4

2.5

4

10

40

9

Digital Library

-

-

1

50

50

UPS Units

-

-

1

10

10

10

Working Computer Teminals

6

5

6

5

30

11

Archive Room

-

-

1

15

15

12

Library Information Systems

-

-

5

3

15

13

Reading Area

2

60

1/5x

-

1

30

30

-

250 Books

300 Books

New Arrivals

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture 4

5

75

Incubation Center Area Programme S.No.

14

Standa Occupa rd ncy sqm/P ax

Area

Shelves

Incubation Center Area Programme Nos

Area/U nit

Total Area

Remarks

Reference Division

1/5x

-

1

30

30

General Division

2/5x

-

1

55

55

Periodicals

1/5x

-

1

30

30

1.4m2 / 200 Vol

57000 Books

S.No.

Standa Occupa rd ncy sqm/P ax

Area

11

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC+WB

M.

Services (on Each Floor)

Remarks

-

2

5

10

32

640

1

Staircases

-

5

4

New Arrivals

1/5x

-

1

15

15

2

Elevators

-

5

6

6

180

1/5x

-

1

120

120

3

Air Handling Units

-

5

2

24

240

General Division

2/5x

-

1

300

300

4

Electrical Room

-

5

2

10

100

-

1

20

20

5

Fire Hydrants

-

5

5

3

75

3

12

180

IncludedIncluded

Included

1/5x

15

Carrels

1

5

4

5

20

6

-

5

16

Store Room

-

-

1

25

25

7

Toilets

-

5

17

Toilets (male) - 2WC / 3WB / 2UR

-

-

1

18

18

8

Janitor's Room

-

5

18

Toilets (female) - 2WC / 2WB

-

-

1

15

15

19

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC + WB

-

-

1

5

5

K.

Residences

1

Lobby + Reception + Check Point

2

Guest Houses

TOTAL

-

1

30

30

-

-

20

30

600

Basement Parking

40

800

Surface Parking

-

-

20

4

2BHK (60sqm)

-

-

15

60

900

5

3BHK (120sqm)

-

-

10

120

1200

6

Laundry/Wash Area

1

52

52

7

Gymnasium

1

150

150

0.8m2 / Room 15 1/100x

10 -

1

100

100

9

Toilets (male) - 1WC / 1WB / 2UR

-

-

2

6

12

10

Toilets (female) - 1WC / 1WB

-

-

2

4

8

11

Toilets (staff) - 2 WC+WB

-

-

2

4

8

Service & Plant Room Backup Genset

-

-

1

250

250

2

Service Management Room

-

-

2

20

40

3

Plant Room

-

-

1

120

120

4

Boiler Rom

-

-

1

30

30

5

Pump Room

-

-

1

20

20

6

HVAC Units

-

-

1

150

150

7

Main Panel Room

-

-

1

60

60

8

LT Panel Room

-

-

1

60

60

9

HT Panel Room

-

-

1

60

60

10

STP + ETP

-

-

1

100

100

400 19886 5966

25852

Parking @ 1.33 ECS 85%

32

15%

28

20000 1.5

20000

FAR Land Requirement

13333

13333

35% 4667

6667

Minimum Floors

4.3

3.0

Height (m)

18 39650

39650

BUA (Approx)

GC % GC

Site Area

1

10

Add Circulation 30%

1/100x

Service Appartments (40sqm)

Departmental Store

8

Gross TOTAL

3

76

Total Area

-

Pantry

L.

Area/U nit

Reference Division Periodicals

8

Nos

344 292 44

1.5

50%

12

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017 6

7

9352 1227

5 Construction & Technology Technology Deployment Matrix Structural Consideration Service Consideration Energy Simulations System Diagram Sustainability Strategies Appropriate Systems

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

77

Technology Deployment Matrix

ORIENTATION

LIGHTING

VEGETATION

NORT/EAST SIDE NATURAL LIGHTING

SHADED OPENINGS NORTH CURTAIN LIGHTING COLONNADES

SMALL SHRUBS WATER FEATURE

EAST SIDE

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING WITH SCREENED PRE-FUNCTION AREA

GRASSED PREFUNCTION AREA

NORTH FACING

NATURAL NORTH LIGHTING

SMALL SHRUBS AGAINST THE ROAD END GRASS UNDER THE ATRIUM

SOUTH / EAST WITH MINIMUM OPENINGS

SMALL OPENINGS WITH GLARE CONTROL MEASURES

-

SERVER ROOM

SOUTH EAST

ARTIFICIAL WITH CENTRAL AND LOCALLY OPERABLE LIGHTING

-

ADMINISTRATION

SOUTH EAST

INTERIOR LIGHT SHELVES

-

NORTH - WEST

INTERIOR LIGHT SHELVES WITH ALUMINIUM SCREENED EXTERIOR

-

WORKING MODULES

NORTH

LIGHT WELL SCREENED CURTAIN WALL WITH OPERABLE SCREEN

SOUTH END HYDROPONIC GREEN WALL

LIBRARY

NORTH

LIGHT WELL SCREENED CURTAIN WALL WITH OPERABLE SCREEN

SOUTH END HYDROPONIC GREEN WALL

NORHT - WEST

SKYLIGHT & CURTAIN WALL

ACCESSIBLE TERRACED GARDEN WITH

-

DIRECT & DIFFUSED LIGHTING

ACCESSIBLE TERRACE

ENTRANCE BANQUET / AUDITORIUM EXPERIENCE CENTER COMPUTER CENTER

WORKSHOPS

CANTEEN RESIDENCE

78

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

ACOUSTIC

FENESTRATION

SKIN

HVAC

HEIGHT

ABSORPTIVE CEILING INSULATED CEILING

CURTAIN WALL ON NORTH BIOWALL ON THE WEST SIDE OPENING

CURTAIN WALL, SHADED WITH FORECOURT

CHILLER SYSTEM RADIANT COOLING ON THE FLOOR/CEILING

3X

CARPET FLOORING WITH ABSORPTIVE CEILING

NO OPENINGS

CAVITY WALL

CHILLED WATER SYSTEM

2X

ABSORPTIVE CEILING

SCREENED/TINTED WITH ANTIGLARE COATING

CEILING TO FLOOR CURTAIN WALL

RADIANT COOLING SYSTEM WITH TFA CHILLED WATER SYSTEM

2X

CARPETED FLOOR

TINTED TGU WITH SCREENED PROTECTION AFTER LOUVERS & OVERHANGS

CAVITY WALL 300THK + STONE CLADDING

RADIANT COOLING CEILING + WALLS WITH TFA CHILLED WATER SYSTEM

X

ANTI-STATIC EPDM / EPOXY BASED FLOORING WITH INSULATION LAYER

EXTREMELY SMALL OPENINGS

CAVITY WALL 300THK WITH INSULATION + STONE CLADDING

CHILLER SYSTEM + RADIANT COOLING SYSTEM

X

CAVITY WALL WITH INSULATION + INSULATED FLOORING

TINTED DGU WITH OVERHANG PROTECTION

CAVITY WALL 300THK WITH INSULATION + STONE CLADDING

RADIANT WALLS + CEILING WITH CHILLER BASED SYSTEM

X

ANTI VIBRATION MOUNTING EPDM INSULATED FLOORING

SHADED OPENINGS WITH DROP-ABLE SCREENS

INSULATED CAVITY WALLS WITH LARGE OPENINGS

RADIANT CHILLER SYSTEM + CHILLED WATER SYSTEM

X

WORKING MODULES

ABSORPTIVE CEILING

SHADED OPENEINGS WITH RETRACTABLE SCREENS

NORTH SIDE CURTAIN WALL, WEST, EAST CAVITY WALLS WITH INSULATION

RADIANT CHILLER SYSTEM + CHILLED WATER SYSTEM

X

LIBRARY

ABSORPTIVE CEILING

SHADED OPENEINGS WITH RETRACTABLE SCREENS

NORTH SIDE CURTAIN WALL, WEST, EAST CAVITY WALLS WITH INSULATION

RADIANT CHILLER SYSTEM + CHILLED WATER SYSTEM

X

ABSORPTIVE CEILING WITH INSULATED STONE FLOORING

SHADED OPENINGS WITH SCREENS, LOUVERS AND OVERHANGS

NORTH CURTAIN WALL WITH LOUVERS AND OVERHANGS. WEST, EAST CAVITY WALLS WITH INSULATION

DOUBLE ROOF + RADIANT CHILLER

2X

INSULATED CAVITY WALL

SHADED OPENING WITH LOUVRES AND OVERHANGS

STONE CLAD STRUCTURE SHADED WITH OVERHANGS AND LOUVERS

CHILLED WATER SYSTEM WITH FCU FOR INDIVIDUAL APARTMENTS ONLY

X

ENTRANCE BANQUET / AUDITORIUM EXPERIENCE CENTER COMPUTER CENTER SERVER ROOM ADMINISTRATION WORKSHOPS

CANTEEN RESIDENCE

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

79

Structure Calculations utilizing thumb rules

RCC Cast-in-Situ

RCC Slab Sizing: Span/30 (Two Way Continuous Slab).

Span/25 (One Way Continuous Slab).

for Sunk Slabs, assume 250-300mm drop to incorporating Western WC. for Kitchen Areas, Assume 250-300mm drop in structural floor finishes.

RCC Beam Sizing:

Assume depth = 3 x breath depth (d) = Span/8 - Span/10 (simply supported Beams) depth (d) = Span/10 - span/10 (Continuous Beams)

Pratt Trusses / Vierendeel Girder

Pratt Trusses is a flat trusses and resolves all forces in tensions and compressions components, all joints are hinged in a Pratt Trusses. Unlike that, In Vierendeel Girder, all Joints are Fixed, thus forces are resolved in Tension, Compression and Bending Moments.

Spanning : 20 m Thickness of slab: According to Design loads of respective systems Spacing of Diaphragms: 6-10m c/c Columns Spacing : 6-10m (as per girder/truss spacing)

RCC Columns Sizing: 1500 mm² for 1m² of floor area supported by columns

Assuming 10m x 10m grid, for 8 floors, crosssectional area of

column = 100 x 8 x 1500 = 1200000 mm²

Therefore, side of column = 1095 mm x 1095 mm These calucations are with the assumption of LL = 2KN/m² & DL = 2KN/m² upto 10 floors, M25 mix is most economical.

Foundation with Base Isolation Flat Slabs

Uneconomical, but saves clear height by reducing depth of structural framing.

Spanning : 6-10m Thickness of slab: Span/40 Providing column heads makes it more economical but increase depth of structural cross-section as well.

80

Deck Slab Framing and Flooring

MS Galvanized Deck Sheet Width : 750, Pitch : 300, Gross Overlap : 50 - 75 mm, Lenght : 1250 mm, Depth : 150mm Spacing of Secondary Beams = 750 mm (ISMB 150 Primary Beams = SPAN/25 , for 10m spans, Assumme ISMB 400

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Services Calculations Calculations utilizing existing standards

Water Tank Calculations

Residential Areas = 135L/Capita/Day Office/Institutional Areas = 45L/Capita/Day For Boiler Rooms, if water is supplied at 60°C, then 60% of 55 L /c/d that is utilized for bathing is required to be fed by the boiler plant.

For Drinking & Cooking Purpose, 7L/Pax/Day OHWT (Working Area) = 25000 L (550 Pax @ 45L/c/d) UGWT (Working Area) = OHWT (Residential) = 20250 L (150 Pax @ 135L/c/d) UGWT (Residential) =

Fire Tank Requirements

According to NBC 2005 Fire & Lift Safety Chapter:

For Institutional and Educational Building of Height + 30 m Static Underground Fire Tank = 1,50,00 0 L, Overhead Fire Tank = 20,000 L

For Residential Apartment Buildings of Height 35-45m Static Underground Fire Tank = 75,000 L, Overheat Fire Tank = 5,000 L

Parking Calculations

The site falls within the TOD Standard Zone, and as per TOD Laws, recommended car parking size is 1.33 ECS/100m² of built-up area. Thus, assuming with current Scheme of 25000 m² BUA, Total Car to be parked within the site shall be: 25000 x 1.33/100 = 333 Car Spaces 10% of this capacity will be on the surface For Motorcycles the standard is 0.25 ECS/100m². Therfore, : 25000*0.25/100=63 Motorcycle Spaces.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Solar PV System Calculations

Typically, a 12V DC system utilizing panels of Wp =110W panel. 1 kW generation requires 8 m2 of exposed area., while 4kW requires 28 m2.

According to Indo-Swiss Building Energy Efficiency Project. A typical office building consumes 150kWh/m2/year. This translates to 50W/ m2. Therefore, assuming 50W /m² consumption, a 20,000 m2 office area would require 1000kw peak connected loads. Total sun exposed area required for PV system would be 1000/4*28m² = 7000m2.

Elevator Calculations

Variables deciding number, speed and size of elevators are as follows: 1. Peak Population to be Served 2. Passenger Waiting Time Assuming an office/Institutional Building, a waiting time of 20 sec is considered excellent, 40 sec as fair and over 45 seconds as unsatisfactory. For Apartments, this number could go up to 90 secs As a rule of thumb, provide at least one elevator for every 4500 m2 of usable area. In the case of the Scheme in progress. Adoption of Elevator with speed of 1.5 m/s is concluded in accordance with the Part 8, Section 5 of the NBC (2005)

Washroom Calculations

Considering the typology of the project and the end users in mind, a 50/50 ratio for Men/Women is taken into Account. Furthermore, wherever a washroom blocks are established, provisions for at least 1 differently-able toilets should be provided.

As per NBC 2005, for Educational & Institutional Buildings, the following standards shall be adopted: Men

Women

1 WC / 40 Pax 1 WB / 60 Pax 1 UR / 20 Pax 1 Drinking Tap / 50 Pax

1WC / 25 Pax 1WB / 40 Pax 1 Drinking Tap / 50 Pax

81

Energy Simulations Roof Level Insolation Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

Ground Level Isolation Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

82

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

North Facade Isolation Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

South & South-East Facade Isolation Analysis Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

83

Spring Equinox - Shadow Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

MAR 21st 1000 hrs

MAR 21st 1400hrs

84

MAR 21st 1100 hrs

MAR 21st 1500 hrs

MAR 21st 1200 hrs

MAR 21st 1300 hrs

MAR 21st 1600 hrs

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Summer Solstice - Shadow Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

JUN 21st 1000 hrs

JUN 21st 1400hrs

JUN 21st 1100 hrs

JUN 21st 1500 hrs

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

JUN 21st 1200 hrs

JUN 21st 1600 hrs

JUN 21st 1300 hrs

JUN 21st 1700 hrs

85

Autumn Equinox - Shadow Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

SEP 21st 1000 hrs

SEP 21st 1400hrs

86

SEP 21st 1100 hrs

SEP 21st 1500 hrs

SEP 21st 1200 hrs

SEP 21st 1300 hrs

SEP 21st 1600 hrs Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Winter Solstice - Shadow Analysis

Source : After ISHRAE Weather File using Modelling using Grasshopper & Ladybug

DEC 21st 1000 hrs

DEC 21st 1400hrs

DEC 21st 1100 hrs

DEC 21st 1500 hrs

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

DEC 21st 1200 hrs

DEC 21st 1300 hrs

DEC 21st 1600 hrs

87

Technology & Services Energy Systems Solar PV Grid-Connected System Geothermal Heat Pumping DG System Green Roof Earth Sheltering

Recycling Systems MSBS Packaged Treatment System Effluent Treatment Plant Water Recharge Pits + Overflow Drain Rain Water Harvesting Pits Biogas Generation System for Canteen Waste Rainwater Harvesting System Storm Water De-Siltering Tank

HVAC Systems Radiant Ceiling Cooling VRV Cooling System Ventilation Heat Recovery System Hot Water Recovery System Bio Walls + Hydroponics Double Facade

RESIDENTIAL

Strucutral Systems

Anti Vibration Flooring Insulation at Source for Voice + Vibration Active Noise Control System

Lighting Systems

Water Recharge Pits + Overflow Drain

PFA

KITCHEN

EXPERIENCE CENTER

VRV Cooling System Bio Wall Double Facade Screen

Building Level Strategy Landscaping Orientation Day-Lighting RainWater Harvesting

Natural Ventillation Green Roof RCC Sub + Super structure CAFE Biomass Generation

ADMINISTRATION

Road Network

Site Level Strategy Landscaping Orientation Day-Lighting

R

BO

LA

DC Lighting System Sky Lightings Screen Envelope Brie Soliel + Louvre Light Shelves + Elevated Ceiling Level Doubly Glazed Units Cavity Wall

ing ool m ste tn C lls a e ves al Sy ction i d Ra ight W Shel ctur stru L ight Stru Con L CC all R ry W D S E RI O AT

VRV Cooling System + Radiant Cooling Bio Wall Light Shelves Greeen Roof

WORKSHOP

RCC Raft Substructure RCC Superstructure Precast Post-tensioned Girders G.I. Facade Screen Dry Wall Construction Cavity Wall + Insulation

Noise + Vibration Systems

MSBS Packaged Treatment System Sewage Biogas Generation Unit Treatment VRV Cooling System System

BANQUET

Water Recharge Pits + Overflow Drain

VRV Cooling System Bio Wall RCC Superstructure + Precast Post-tensioned Girder.v

Water Recharge Pits + Overflow Drain

Fig 89 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; Preliminary Volumetric Disposition Source : Author

88

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

System Diagrams RAIN WATER

SAFETY SECURITY

collect the water where it falls !

SOLAR PV SYSTEM

DEISEL GENERATOR

prinary loading

balance loading

FIRE SYSTEM

INTRUSION ALARM

BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

GRID CONNECTED

CCTV INTEGRATION

ENERGY SUPPLY

ROOFTOP RUN-OFF

SURFACE RUN-OFF

run off coefficient = 0.50

run off coefficient = 0.85

DESILTERING TANK

DESILTERING TANK

backup loading

FILTERATION UGWT

INTEGRATING COMMAND CENTER

HARVESTING

WASTE GENERATION NOISE & VIBRATION KITCHEN / RESIDENCE INSOLATION DAYLIGHT INTERIOR

WINDS

EXTERIOR

prinary loading

balance loading

WATER

SOLID ORGANIC WASTE

GREY WATER

BLACK WATER

potential / day =

potential / day =

potential / day =

BIOGASS GENERATION PLANT

MSBS TREATMENT

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

ELECTRICITY

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

ON

BIOSWALE POLISHING POND

METHANE

OL AT I

AL LS W

DISCHARGE

FLUSHING

HORTICULTURE

BUILDING HORTICULTURE

BA

SE

IS

TY VI CA

AN M TI V OU IB NT RA NI TIO NG N

HO R VE TIC GE UL TA TU TI RE ON & HI GH A CE BS IL OR IN P G TIV E

IN

HI

GH

A CE BS IL OR IN P G TIV

E SU L &W ATE AL D F LS LO OR

SITE

89

Infrared Detect Analouge

Photo - Electric Duct Probe Sensor

Relay Unit

Pull Station

Evacuation

Sound

Conformity of Building Safety Code Storage + Handling of combustible material Smoke/Fire Barrier or Curtains

CCTV Intergration BMS Integration Security System Integration CCTV Intergration

Input Sensors

Visual

Concrete Cover

IS.SP7.NBC(2005) IS : 1641 (1988) IS : 1642 (1988) IS : 1643 (1988) IS : 1644 (1988) IS : 1646 (1988)

Zone-Wise

Call Point

Hooters

Flame Retardent Coating

RELEVANT CODES

detectors are recommended to be placed max 4.5m apart

Fire Exit Plan

Prevention

Digital Control Panel

Alarm System Addressable System

OHWT CO2 Flooding

Access Control System Communication Protocol FIRE DEPT.

Addressal System

Evac Plan

Emergency lighting

UGWT

Extinguisher Supply

Thermal Detect

Zoned Repeater Panel Zoned Repeater Panel

Digital

Smoke Detect

FIRE SAFETY SYSTEM

Detection

Enunciation Panel

Fire Lifts/Staircase Refuge/Refuse Area

Network Interface

Fire Rated Elements Fighting sprinklers are recommended to be placed max 3.5m c/c apart.

Pendant Type

Sidethrow Type

Sprinkler System Mist System Fire Extinguished

CO2 Flooding Foam Expansion

Protection Output

Aerosolized Dispersion Mobile Extinguisher

Manual Hose

90

Wet Riser

Electric Trip Wire

Emergency Lighting

Ventilation Control Unit

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

DG & HVAC System Air Conditioners function at 15% efficiency. Remaining 85% of energy is dissipated as heat and work. Usually 35-45 m2 of Floor area requires a Cooling capacity of 1 tonne of refrigerant in the climate of Delhi.

1 tonne of refrigeration = 12000 BTU/Hr. Approximately, this consumption equals 1KW/ Tonne.

Maximum Theoretical Load is assumed on 21st May, 4PM Air Conditioning brings RH = 45 %- 65% from a normal of 75% - 85% which is the latent cooling capacity required. Corresponding to the Relative Humidity, the psychometric chart represents the adaptive comfort temperature. Generally, Thermal Comfort is achieved at 26° in Summers and 18°-21° in Winters.

Recommended to provide Fresh Air @ 7.5-10 cft/minute/pax or Mix fresh air at 1:5 ratio of stale air. Velocity of Air at Contact = Max 0.25m/s or 15 m/min Chiller Based Systems are more efficient than VRF systems by 15% but require more maintenance and are expensive in capital cost. Thus until a capacity of 100 tonne, VRF systems are preferred. Chiller System are most economical at 100 - 400 Tonne Capacity. Over 400 Tonne, a central plant is usually the most economical in the long run. The compressor also produced noise levels of 45dB Chilled Water is provided at 7° C and returns at 12°C

HVAC System COMPRESSOR UNITS

COOLING TOWER

Chiller Room = 6m High, requires an opening hatch of 4m x 6m. Provide 3 Cycles of Air Changes/hour in the chiller room.

The cooling tower shall be placed with the following criterias in regard: 1.

Away for Human Breath 2.

Away from Swimming Pool 3.

Provide Bird Screens 4.

Add KMnO₄ for Legionnaire Bacteria

AHU

For AHU Units, chose Sectionalized units.

The shaft for AHU Ducting shall be at least 750 x 750 mm. Optimum requirements are 1200 x 1200 mm. Opening shall be of Asymmetric Leaf of 450mm + 750 mm.

Floor Area Required = min 4 x 4 m For Safety, Provide Smoke Dampers and Provide Floor Drains.

Ceiling Mounted AHU/FCU are usually 600 -750 mm Thk.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

For Institutional and Educational Building of Heights Design Load = 550 Ton (35 m²/Ton) 3000KWh/Tonne/Day Unit Size = 8500 x 2250 Rear Clearance = 1200 mm Side Clearance = 1800 mm Front Clearance = 4575 mm System : Daikin Pathfinder Chillers (Screw Type) with Variable Volume Ratio (VVR) and Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) resulting in no over-compression operating efficiently in off-design condition.

with Base Isolated from the Foundation with anti vibration mounts.

Building Electrical Loads

For Institutional and Educational Building of Heights +30m

Standards: Fully AC Building = 150W/m²

Partially AC Building = 80W/m² Therfore, with Green Building Stategy, Assume Design Load Density = 50W/m² Total Peak Demand Load = 50 x 25000 = 1.25 MVA Utilization Load = 1.25 MVA x 0.7 (Utilization Factor) = 0.875 MVA Therfore, Captive Load for the DG Set with PLS (power load sharing system) is 25% over the Utilization Load.

Captive Load = 0.875 x 1.25 = 1.1 MVA

91

This piping layout of the CCTC is a Þrst proposal, it has to be clariÞed: - occupied areas - distances to structural walls and beams - distances to ducts and air outlets System is Subdivided - ßow Piping rate System - position of the manifolds, in this proposal: manifold in the and isolated areas 1. Pipe Diameter - 20mm PEX-A Made Hydronic heating and cooling systems distribute energy uniformly suspended ceiling Spacing and efficiently by circulating warm or chilled water through a network below2. thePipe chilled slab 15cm of specially engineered pipes installed in floors, walls or ceilings. A - pipe3. position in the concreted Pipe Position - towards slab the lower reinforcement of the

Radiant Cooling System

hydronic system can be the primary source of heating or cooling and can serve in combination with a traditional HVAC application to improve the overall energy efficiency while achieving an ideal level of comfort.

into manageable

floor and works on the ceiling side of the floor below.

•

SECTION OF THE SLAB:

For conditions such as Delhi, Sensible Thermal Comfort is achieved at Air Temperature 28 degree centigrade while the surface temperature of fixed walls and ceiling is cooled to 21 degre centigrade.

Exposed walls reach approximately 23 degree centigrade with proper insulation.

Advantages to the Chiller System

Air Handling unit supplies air at 18º-20ºC against 12º-15ºC in conventional AC system. A lot of energy is saved in this system Chilled Water Air Conditioning System blows air from the ceiling.

Effective Fresh-Air distribution system

pipes near the manifold with a spacing of less than 15cm

Sample designing the systempipe layout and pipes circuit outside the chilled slab for led in corrugated The position and size of the space for air conditioning or air outlets has to be checked

Additionally

Better thermal comfort is achieved as sensible heat is effectively reduced as perception is expressed by radiant temperatures of surfaces.

Higher level of humidity levels can be achieved with the radiant system. The quality of Fresh Air available is significantly improved.

Air Cooling can be discarged through flooring and the radiant cooling system through ceilling for efficient energy saving.

92

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

1.0

PRIncIPlES oF UndERFlooR HEAtIng/coolIng

1.2

PRIncIPlE oF UFc

- Allow interio

Principles of Underfloor Heating/Cooling

- Gives

- Totall surfac suitab

Â&#x17D;

Advantages of a Underfloor Cooling System - High level of comfort

- Preserves resources

Classic air conditioning systems Traditional air conditioning systems overcome the cooling loads that occur by changing the air, with the following negative effects: - Draughts

- Unrestricted interior design.

- High room air speeds

- Draughts do not occur - Low investment costs - Low annual costs

Thermal comfort The thermal comfort for one person in a room is determined by: - The personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s activity - The personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s clothes - Air temperature - Air speed - Air humidity - Surface temperatures.

The heat output of the human body occurs via main three mechanisms: - Radiation - Evaporation - Convection.

The human body experiences the greatest level of well being if it can regulate at least 50% of its heat output through radiation.

With the REHAU underfloor cooling system the energy exchange between people and cooling surface occurs across large areas and predominantly through radiation and thus provides the optimum conditions for a comfortable room atmosphere.

42, Â&#x17D;

Radiation Min 50%

- Lowe

Â&#x17D; Evaporation <30%

Â&#x17D;

32ÂşC

Convection <10%

20ÂşC

- Cold supply air temperatures

20ÂşC

Heat distribution <2-5%

3. The human beingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s heat balance

- High sound level.

Operat

Â&#x17D; Â&#x17D;

In living

Â&#x17D;

In bath * CIBSE

Â&#x17D;

This can often result in uncomfortable air conditions for the user, also referred to as sick building syndrome.

Economic disadvantages of traditional air conditioning units: - High investment costs - High annual running costs.

Cooling capacity The standard cooling capacity of the REHAU underfloor cooling system is 50W/m2 in accordance with DIN 4715-1.

The performance estimation was carried out with: - RAUFIX system

0.5m/s

Â&#x17D; Â&#x17D;

Â&#x17D;

Â&#x17D; Â&#x17D;

Â&#x17D;

Â&#x17D;

Red - warm uncomfortable Yellow - still comfortable

Â&#x17D; Â&#x17D;

Â&#x17D; Â&#x17D;

Orange - comfortable Blue - cold uncomfortable

4&

Room BS EN - In livi

Â&#x17D;

1. Thermal comfort, dependent on the room air temperature TRL and the temperature of the surfaces enclosing the room TF

Influencing factors on the cooling capacity The sub-surface cooling systemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s maximum achievable output is dependent upon: - floor covering - pipe spacing - pipe dimensions

- RAUTHERM S 16 x 1.5mm

- floor construction

- Coolant temperature 10K

- heat gains

- Temperature spread 2K.

- system However, each of the factors affects the cooling capacity to a different degree.

Fig 90 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; Schematic Service Exemplary temperature Diagram System

profiles in heated rooms

Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/ Cooling system

PIPE LAYOUT

WALL LAYOUT

Â&#x17D;#

2. Radiator heating COOLING UNIT

Â&#x17D;#

MANIFOLD MIXER

4. Sub-surface heating

Â&#x17D;#

3. Ideal heat distribution PIPE LAYOUT

- room temperature of 26ÂşC values of 35-40 W/m2 can be obtained.

The floor covering and pipe spacing have a substantial impact on the output of the cooling system.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture It is recommended that only stone, tile or slate type floor or

- In bat

Surfac Maxim are to b in direc physiol - Occu

4. Air temperatures and air speeds with pipe underfloor cooling

- Distance between pipes 10cm

Under practical conditions, with - surface temperature of 19-20ÂşC

4%-0

HEATING UNIT

93

- Perip the fl

Fig 93 : Typical Mixer and Control System Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/Cooling system

Fig 92 : Manifold Mixer Installation Before Pouring.

Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/Cooling system

Fig 91 : Site Layout before concrete pouring.

Source : Rehau Underfloor Heating/Cooling system

94

For the purpose of air conditioning, it is recommended to have a system of Evaporative Cooling (EC) coupled with Variable Rate Flow (VRF) AC system. Since a Centralized system may prove expensive for a Housing project, this system will utilize least energy, while efficiently delivering the habitable level of air temperature. The VRF essentially eliminates duct losses, which are often estimated to be 10% to 20% of total airflow in a ducted system. As we all know, the evaporative cooler has been proven to be most efficient system of cooling air in dry climate like in New Delhi. Providing this evaporative cooler will also result in reduced peak load (May, June) of the VRF system and thus low energy consumption, lower amount of refrigerant used, consequently a more sustainable system. This composite system will also solve the problem of extreme dehumidification by the VRF system and extra humidification by the EC system. Some of the humid air extracted from the apartments and returned to the VRF coil unit will be dehumidified by sudden cooling and observe condensation. This cool water could then be sent to the EC unit where it is reutilised for the purpose of cooling. It could easily provide for fresh air intake from both the systems. The EC systems works only on the cooling through fresh air while the VRF system works on recirculation of indoor air & addition of fresh air. In the time of monsoon, the EC system could be shut down while the VRF system still operating. Mind you, the peak load in the month of July & August (monsoons) is not as much as May & June (summers).

The Merits of VRF technology easily prove to be the winner in choosing of AC system. It is 30% - 40% more efficient than a multi-split AC system due to the DC-inverter-driven motor technology rather than switching the motor (running always at 100%) on & off all the time. The Initial cost of equipment and fittings will be 15% higher but at this efficiency, it could easily recover the cost in time of few years. Importantly the VRF system will be designed to provide 7.5cfm/person fresh air to the indoors which other systems fails to deliver.

It will be a packaged unit consisting of a water cooled system, utilizing treated grey water as heat dump. The VRF system is highly flexible in providing the conditioning of air only in the zones required/occupied by the users. Indoor units function at a mere 23dB while the outdoor unit at 50dB. In japan, large commercial buildings (6500m2 or more) have been using this VRF system instead of the centralized system. It has proven to be efficient and time tested. A 3bhk of size 13mX8m times 100 apartment would be approximately 10,000m2, within the range of the VRF systems. Alternately 2 independent systems could be provided at 10th and 20th storey instead, also making the building more resilient.

The cooling towers prove extremely beneficial for dumping heat as it results in evaporation of water instead of heating air directly, thereby, reducing urban heat island effect. The tower would be covered by a bird screen and a pot strainer could be added to the supply line to cleanse out any insects, leaves, etc. The problem of growth of water based organism can be easily solved via addition of Potassium Permanganate particles to the water. The chiller efficiency is higher than that of the VRF only at >90% load, but 80% of the chiller operating hours occurred at 45% to 80% load. Providing the cooling towers at the terrace will also keep it away from human contact. Clearly, VRF system is the winner.

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

VRV Cooling System

Geothermal Heat Pump

with DC inverter Technology counter-flow heat recovery unit

VRFs are typically installed with an Air conditioner inverter which adds a DC inverter to the compressor in order to support variable motor speed and thus variable refrigerant flow rather than simply perform on/off operation. By operating at varying speeds, VRF units work only at the needed rate allowing for substantial energy savings at partial-load conditions. Heat recovery VRF technology allows individual indoor units to heat or cool as required, while the compressor load benefits from the internal heat recovery. Energy savings of up to 55% are predicted over comparable unitary equipment. This also results in greater control of the building’s interior temperature by the building’s occupants.

It uses the earth as a heat source (in the winter) or a heat sink (in the summer). This design takes advantage of the moderate temperatures in the ground to boost efficiency and reduce the operational costs of heating and cooling systems, and may be combined with solar heating to form a geosolar system with even greater efficiency. Depending on latitude, the temperature beneath the upper 6 metres (20 ft) of Earth’s surface maintains a nearly constant temperature between 10 and 16 °C (50 and 60 °F),[3] if the temperature is undisturbed by the presence of a heat pump. Like a refrigerator or air conditioner, these systems use a heat pump to force the transfer of heat from the ground. These system can save upto 40% on Heating and Cooling Systems

Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Fig 94 : Typical VRF system and its components Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Fig 95 : Typical Heat Recovery System Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Fig 96 : Geothermal Heat extraction in Winters and Summer seasons.

Source : Variable Refrigerant Flow System. GPG. 2013.

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

95

Solar Photovoltaic System 1. Standalone System 2. Grid-Connected System 3. Hybrid PV System

Seasonal Tilt of Solar Array

The Utility Interactive system or gridconnected system are designed to operate in parallel with and interconnected with electric utility grid.

The primary component in Grid Connected is the Inverter, or the PCU (power Condition Unit)

Components of a PV System 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

PV Module Charge Controller Battery Inverter Circuit Breaker Isolation Transformer

No. of module in parallel =

96

Site Assessment

Determining whether the array can operate without being shaded during critical times, Determining the location of the array, Determining the mounting method for the array, Determining where the Balance-of-system (BOS) components will be located, and Determining how the PV system will interface with the existing electrical system.

Sizing the System Component 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Deciding system voltage Estimating electric loads.

Sizing and specifying batteries.

Sizing and specifying an array.

Specifying a controller.

Sizing and specifying an inverter.

Sizing system wiring.

Load Calcualtion

The standard values for the system voltage is given according to total load total load is less than 10W the system voltage is chosen as 6V, for less than 150 W the system voltage should be 12, for less than 350W the system voltage 24V and more than 1KW system voltage should be 48V.

Determining whether the array Calculate Total Watt Hours per dat for connected appliances Multiply the required usable load by 1.3 to account for efficiency of : Inverter - 93% Battery - 85% Controller Ciruit - 90% Usable Load * 1.3 = Design PV Module Generation Potential.

Assume sunshine hours = 6hrs Devide Generation Potential by the Voltage of the system to calcualte number of unit in series.

Daily load Imp x sun shine hours x system voltage Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

MINIMAL STORAGE ONLY FOR BACKUP

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

97

Battery Sizing

1. Depth of Discharge 2. Charge Capacity or Ah 3. No of Days of Autonomy

Battery Capacity (Ah) =

Batteries in parallel =

Batteries in series =

NiCd

Advantages

Total Watt - hours per day used battery efficiency x DoD x System voltage

battery charge capacity (Ah) x Days of Autonomy(X) Depth of Discharge (0.70) x Battery standard Ah Capacity (100 Ah)

DC System voltage battery voltage

NiMH

Lead Acid

Li-ion

Li-ion polymer Reusable Alkaline

Gravimetric Energy Density(Wh/kg) 45-80

60-120

30-50

110-160

100-130

80 (initial)

Internal Resistance (includes peripheral circuits) in mΩ

200 to 3001 6V pack

<1001 12V pack

150 to 2501 7.2V pack

200 to 3001 7.2V pack

200 to 20001 6V pack

Cycle Life (to 80% of initial capacity) 15002

300 to 5002,3

200 to 3002

500 to 10003

300 to 500

503 (to 50%)

Fast Charge Time

1h typical

2-4h

8-16h

2-4h

2-4h

2-3h

Overcharge Tolerance

moderate

low

high

very low

low

moderate

Self-discharge / Month (room temperature)

20%4

30%4

5%

10%5

~10%5

0.3%

Cell Voltage(nominal)

1.25V6

1.25V6

2V

3.6V

3.6V

1.5V

Load Current - peak - best result

20C 1C

5C 0.5C or lower

5C7 0.2C

>2C 1C or lower

>2C 1C or lower

0.5C 0.2C or lower

Operating Temperature(discharge only)

-40 to 60°C

-20 to 60°C

-20 to 60°C

-20 to 60°C

0 to 60°C

0 to 65°C

Maintenance Requirement

30 to 60 days

60 to 90 days

3 to 6 months 9

not req.

not req.

not req.

Typical Battery Cost (US$, reference only)

$50 (7.2V)

$60 (7.2V)

$25 (6V)

$100 (7.2V)

$100 (7.2V)

$5 (9V)

Cost per Cycle(US$)11

$0.04

$0.12

$0.10

$0.14

$0.29

$0.10-0.50

Commercial use since

1950

1990

1970

1991

1999

1992

98

100 to 2001 6V pack

1. Systems such as Net Metering and Feed-in-Tariff can offset electricity usage costs. In some locations though, grid technologies cannot cope with distributed generation feeding into the grid, so the export of surplus electricity is not possible and that surplus is earthed.

2. Grid-connected PV systems are comparatively easier to install as they do not require a battery system 3. Grid interconnection of photo-voltaic (PV) power generation systems has the advantage of effective utilization of generated power because there are no storage losses involved.

4. A photo-voltaic power system is net-carbon negative over its lifespan, as any energy produced over and above that to build the panel initially offsets the need for burning fossil fuels.

Disadvantages 1. Grid-connected PV can cause issues with voltage regulation. The traditional grid operates under the assumption of one-way, or radial flow.

But electricity injected into the grid increases voltage1, and can drive levels outside the acceptable bandwidth of ±5%.

2. Grid-connected PV can compromise power quality2. PV’s intermittent nature means rapid changes in voltage. This not only wears out voltage regulators due to frequent adjusting, but also can result in voltage flicker.

1 Solar Photovoltaic Systems Technical Training Manual.2003. Wade, Herbert. UNESCO Publishing 2 Technical Manual for Banks & FIs on Grid -Connected Rooftop Solar Power New Delhi. 2015, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Waste Water Treatment System DEWAT - Decentralised Waste Water Treatment System Advantages • • • • • • • • • •

Treatment for 1-1000 m3/day Acheivement of discharge standards Low maintenance Passive Treatment system Affordable cost Modular Design of all components for future expansion Tolerant towards inflow fluctuation Reliable and Durable Construction Design Using gravity instead of pumps, avoiding valves Priority given to anaerobic technology in warm climates and aerobic technology in cold climates

The wastewater is fed from top flow slowly down through the porous substrate under the surface of the bed

US$ 56,000 (i.e. US $ 60 per m2 of wetland). Average O & M cost is about US $ 550 annually.

Source : BORDA SouthEast Asia

•

• •

• •

Vertical Flow System

It comprises of a seven chambered settling tank (16.5 m3) and a hybrid constructed wetland – Horizontal Flow (HF) followed by Vertical Flow (VF).

• The wetlands are earthen basin sealed with plastic liner.

• The total area of the constructed wetland is 261 m2 (HF – 140m2 and VF – 121 m2).

Components of the System:

•

Wastewater is fed in at the inlet and flow slowly through the porous substrate under the surface of the bed in a more or less horizontal path until it reaches the outlet zone.

Prelimnary Calculation

Disadvantages Large Wetland is required -Economical Only where land is available Maintenance of flow uniformity both inwords and outwards Management of Vegetation Odor Control Maintenance of Walls

Horizontal Flow System

• •

Bioswale Plugs

Septic Tanks + Pre Treatment Settler Waste Stabilization Ponds - Facultative Lagoon & Maturation Lagoon Land Treatment Constructive Wetland Treatment

System Design • • • •

Primary Treatment - sedimentation and flotation.

Secondary Treatment - Anaerobic treatment in fixed bed reactors with baffled upstream reactors or anaerobic filters Tertiary Treatment - Aerobic treatment in subsurface flow filters proceeded with polishing ponds Integrating an ATS (Algal Turf Scrubbers) the use of algae for cleaning toxic waste water is processed and Biomass is grown and harvested for Energyfrom gas methane/ ethanol/butanol and Bio-diesel or bio-aviation fuel Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

99

1

Pre-Treatment Settler •

• •

A device which seperates the liquid from the solids. Greasy and Solid waste that may clog the system are removed from the system and periodically removed via vacuum removal.

Retention Time is only 2 hours.

Polluion reduction is around 30%

2

Baffled Tank Reactor • • •

A device with several identical chambers through which the effluent moves from top to bottom.

Retention time is 24 hours.

Pollution reduction is around 80%

Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011

100

3

Anaerobic Filter • • •

A device filled with a filter material (cinder) through Which the effluent moves from top to bottom. At this stage CPCB standards are met but the effluent still has an odour Retention time is around 8 hours.

Total pollution reduction is around 90%

Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

4

Planted Gravel Filter • • •

A structure filled with gravel material and planted with water resistant plants, who provide oxygen to the passing effluent.

Retention time is 36 hours.

Pollution reduction is around 90%

Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

5

Polishing Pond • • •

Post treatment takes place in polishing ponds fitted with aquatic plants and fishes.

It is through this device that the water transforms from a lifeless state into living water again.

Ponds with aquatic plants are an efficient way to combine wastewater treatment, landscaping, aesthetics and water reuse, the pond can also act as a storage device.

Source : Auroville Centre for Scientific Research. 2011

10 1

MSBS System Multi Stage Biological System is based on a multi-stage serial design where each individual cell containing a fixed bed, an air dosing and distributing system. There is no organic sludge treatment in the system, since there is no accumulation of sludge in this process. Effectively eliminates pollutants from waste water, lower footprint, Cap-ex and Op-ex.

ADVANTAGES 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

No Surplus Organic Sludge No Odour due to absence of sludge Easily Scalable No Primary and secondary setting is required High organic and hydraulic shock resistance The system enables excellent tertiary effluent quality combined only with physical filtration and residual disinfection.

7. High effluent quality 8. High modularity

Fig 97 : GE Z-Box Decentralizated Treatment Unit Source : General Electric Website.

Fig 98 : Multi-Stage Biological System

MSBS PROCESS STAGES

Source : Recent Developemnts in Wastewater Treatment, 2015, Ministry of Urban Development

DECLINING GROWTH • • • •

Absorption of dissolved organics by organisms on the fixed growth media.

Logarithmic biomass growth in a short period of time.

Carbon absorption relative to mass of microorganisms and oxygen.

Significant BOD reduction in this face.

LOGARITHMIC GROWTH 102

•

•

Complex oxidation Process based on three kinds of reactions 1. Biomass Synthesis 2. Endogenous respiration 3. Nitrification/de-nitrification

• • •

Oxygen demand decreases in later stages of the process.

Microorganisms are assimilated by higher order organisms in the food chain Massive destruction of sludge mass occurs Process minimizes the “ sludge” remaining in the effluent, with the only “ sludge” leaving the system is the TSS meeting permitted limits.

ENDOGENOUS GROWTH Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Lighting Systems Direct DC LED Lighting

Double Facade

Since many alternative energy sources as well as electronics and controls technologies are based on DC current, DC grids have been investigated more intensely in the last decade. DC grids with a centralized AC/DC conversion have proven to be advantageous in server farms. While LED lighting is also a DC current related technology, an obvious choice would be to use DC grids for them. Thus directly employing the PV energy in the Battery to power the lighting system would reduce inverter losses and controller losses

Creates thermal barrier and air cooling, The double-skin facade is a system of building consisting of two skins, or facades, placed in such a way that air flows in the intermediate cavity. The ventilation of the cavity can be natural, fan supported or mechanical.

The skin controls the harsh southern sun by regulating the amount of sunlight that enters. In the summer, the air between the layer is ventilated, while in the winters, the hot air can be used to heat interior.

Advantages • • • • •

Trustworthy Powerline communication over networks • Improved monitoring of the cables • Not short-circuit power • Less material (cables, casing) Existing grid: more power over existing cables

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

New grid: thinner cables needed Fewer conversions, reduced conversion losses No reactive power: better able to meet the requirements of grid, easily dimmable

10 3

Lighting Systems

Skylighting Strategy

There are 3 components to all natural lighting systems. Theses are 1. Sky Component (SC) 2. External Reflected Components (ERC) 3. Internal Reflected Components (IRC)

Skylights are light transmitting fenestration (elements filling building envelope openings) forming all, or a portion of, the roof of a building’s space for daylighting purposes.

104

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Tubular daylight device Fixed unit skylight Operable skylight Retractable skylight Sloped glazing

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Double Glazed Units

Louvre + Pergola

Light Shelves

with Aluminium Profiles. These are units with argon filled gas in the cavity between two layers of glazing.

These exhibit high thermal barrier and convectional heating through the glass.

Louvres reduce low angle sun while allowing diffused daylight to enter inside interior spaces. These generally work on NorthWest & North-East Elevation and in combination. Pergolas, however reduce the intensity of Direct sunlight falling on the ground or the facade.

A light shelf is a horizontal surface that reflects daylight deep into a building. Light shelves are placed above eye-level and have high-reflectance upper surfaces, which reflect daylight onto the ceiling and deeper into the space. An advance item such as a Heliostat is a combination of Skyight and Light Shelves that moves with the sun to redirect them downwards.

Skylight

Heliostat - moves with the sun

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

10 5

Noise + Vibration Systems Anti Vibration Solutions

Materials :

A number of vibration generating devices are to be equipped in the building.

CNC Machine, Centrifuge, Lathe Machines, Shearing Machines, Power Presses, Diesel Generator Set, Precision Machining Tools, Roll Grinder, Textile Machines, Stamping Machines, Generators, Compressors, Tumblers, Tool Room Machines, Forging Hammers, Pressure Die Casting Machines, AHU Chiller, Plastic Injection Molding Machine, Printing and Packaging Machines, Conveyors etc. To reduce disturbances, thus, Vibration shall be isolated at the source using mounts and mats.

• •

Fig 100 : Textile + Neoprene Pads

Fig 101 : Spring Mounted Vibration Absorber

Fig 102 : Spring Mounted Vibration Absorber

Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Fig 99 : Rubber Anti-Vib Pads

Fig 104 : Vulcanized Rubber Pads

Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Fig 103 : Spring Mounted Vibration Absorber over Neoprene Isolators

• • •

Natural Wool + Synthetic Felt Textile + Neoprene Laminated Pad Standard Washers Neoprene Pads Composite Matrix Pad

Cavity Walls with glass wool insulation or PU Expanding Foam. Cavity walls consist of two ‘skins’ separated by a hollow space (cavity). Masonry is an absorbent material, and therefore will slowly draw rainwater or even humidity into the wall, as well as from the inside of the house as from outside.

Fig 106 : PU Foam Filled Wall Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Fig 105 : Foam Filled Cavity Wall Source : www.Soundproofing.com

Source : www.Soundproofing.com

106

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Green Roof

BioWall A green roof or living roof is a roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane.

• Air Quality. Extensive planting within cities is now widely recognized as a means of improving air quality • Promotion of Biodiversity and Wildlife • Energy Conservation • Improved thermal performance • Green space for Human Comfort & Health • Reduction in Urban Heat Island Effect [albedo effect] • Noise and Sound Insulation • Recycled Materials

There are two types of BioWall air filtration system. Soil-based system and Hydroponics. The soil based system is held in sheets with pockets in a vertical array. Hdroponics such as biowall utilize a soil-less media to anchoe, irrigate, and fertilize the plants. Plants can be chose for internal or external lighting conditions.

The thickness of Hydroponic BioWall is approximately 75-100 mm while the foliage reaches upto 300mm

Fig 107 : Waterproofing and Schematic Construction Details Source : BioWall Green Roof Solutions

Fig 108 : Illustrated Waterproofing for the Rooftop Garden

Fig 111 : Sample Green Wall

Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Fig 109 : Air Cleansing System utilizing BioWall Hydroponics System Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

Fig 110 : Lighting techniques for Green Walls using Clerestory Source : BioWall Hydroponic System

10 7

Ducting & Plumbing Vertical Various strategies are available to be utilized when servicing of buildings are concerned with ducts and pipes are concerned. Some of them are illustrated as follows.

1

Vertical Sub Mains Planning

Fig 112 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; Vertical sub-mains from a horizontal main below ground floor level Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 77

2

Vertical Sub Mains Planning

Fig 113 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; Vertical sub-mains fron the outside wall taken from a horizontal main at low level Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 77

108

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Horizontal

1

Horizontal Sub Mains Planning

Fig 114 : Horizontal Sub-Mains in floor ducts at each floor level from a vertical main at one end of the building Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 78

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

2

Horizontal Sub Mains Planning

Fig 115 : Horizontal Sub-Mains in the corridor between the structural floor and a false ceiling. Vertical Mains at one end of the building.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 78

3

Horizontal Sub Mains Planning

Fig 116 : Horizontal Sub-Mains around the perimeter below the window level. Vertical main at one end of the building.

Source : The Design of Research Laboratories. 1961. Division of Architectural Studies of the Nuffield Foundation. pg 78

10 9

6 Determinants & Directions Key Parameters Movement System Zoning & Volumetric Disposition Functional Diagram Collective Inferences

110

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Collective Determinants Determinants for Movement System

• The car movement and the pedestrian movement shall not interfere and should be separated, unhindered to maximize Pedestrian Friendly Movement • The Vehicular access is restricted to periphery of the site, which is also the minimum Fire Fighting requirement • Besides the primary entry, a secondary service entry shall also be provided that caters to the kitchen & workshops • A separate entrance for the workshops and the maker’s space is also required.

• The vehicular entrance circuit should be circular in a nature that ensures that the drop off and the lobby is at the left hand-side of the driving car or bus • Secondary entry to serve Kitchen, Workshop and Exceptional Industrial Module.

• Open spaces should be accessible by all and may well be utilized for transitions,

Hierarchy of spaces Inter-relationship with other functions Nature of connections

ENTRY

BACK ENTRY

WORKSHOPS

DATA CENTER

RESIDENCES

COMPUTER LAB KITCHEN LIBRARY

OPEN CIRCULATION CORE

LABORATORIES/OFFICES

OPEN

BACK ENTRY

CANTEEN

KITCHEN

MEETING ROOMS ADMINSITRATION

BANQUET PFA AUDITORIUM

BACK OFFICE FOYER + LOUNGE

ENTRY

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

• The Residence shall correspond to the existing residential block on the south-east side of the site. It should be placed near this end and provided with independent access from the Entry road to ensure that circulation for the residence is not mixed with that for the Incubator • The Library, Exhibition Halls and Working Modules shall have unrestricted north light, and so shall be aligned according to the climatological axis.

• The Zoning shall be distilled in a neat fashion, as such it should ensure that Public, Semi Public and Restricted Zones shall interface discreetly

• Buildings should be inter-connected through a secondary network as higher floor as well to ensure streamlined work flow.

Functional Relationship Diagram

Determinants for Zoning

EXPERIENCE CENTER

• The Library, Working Modules and the Research Modules require low acoustical disturbance, thus shall be located in isolation from the noisy workshop block, but this shall not hinder access.

• The Courtyards are placed in the middle of the built, distributed evenly to ensure equitable distribution of open space • The Library, Working Module, Research Module deserve a discreet location and a quiet environment with maximum possible diffused natural lighting.

• Public Functions (Banquet/Auditorium/Experience Center shall be located in the public zone of the area to ensure visual and physical access.

• Two major axis exists on the site. One is the North-South Climatological Axis and the other is the geometrical axis that is 42.5 degrees from the climatological axis. The geometrical axis responds to the urban fabric of the region and the precinct

111

DETERMINANTS FOR VOLUMETRIC DISPOSITION

1

2 3

112

Workshops The Workshops are place on the ground floor arranged around a courtyard, which also become the meeting, collaborative and testing plalces for all inventions. an added benifit with this is that the workshops are easilt serviceable from the outside, with a back access for supplies trucks. Also, this isolates and keeps the noise and vibration generating amchinery at the bottom parts of the strucutre so that it maynot distub to research and working modules. In the case that an extension building i reqired, the canteen and the workshops should be placed in a way that it may be accessible and in the same vicinity of the new facilities as it is for the existing modules. Al water body is planned in the middle for micro climate control and cool down the HVAC compressor cooler.

Laboratories Are placed on the upper floors to ensure that they are not disturbed by the publicness of the lower floor. At the same time, an unobstructed visual axis should be planned to connect them to meeting and public spaces. This overlooking idea is of importance in ensuring incident discoveries of trans-disciplinary nature. View are important for this facility, so is daylight and ventilation

Library The library is planned according to distance from Laboratories and individual axis so that it may remain open late in the case incubates need late night access. In the case that an extension building is reqired, the library should be placed in a way that it may be accessible and in the same vicinity of the new facilities as it is for the existing modules. Special attention should be employed to reduce external noise by isolation. This facility should also be planned with ease of access in mind from the existing computer centers as well.

Daylighting is also an important criteria for library

4 5

Computer Center The computer center shall be accessed from the library and the laboratories and require not much daylighting. or views. The center shall be located near the data center for servicing connectivity and will be climate controled. Thus, it may be planned in the inner regions of the building masses

Canteen The canteen has been planned in such a way that it shares the courtyard/enclave of the workshops, so that users may witness daily testing and interaction generate into the courtyard. This ultimately allows for incidental interaction with the courtyard testing as magnetic feature.

6

Experience Center

7

Meeting Spaces

8

Residences

Is planned near the entrance, from the foyer. This facility shall also be provided with an individual entrance facility from the outside of the foyer with ease of vehicular access to the PFA

Meeting spaces should be planned to be easily accessible from the laboratories and the entrances. It may possibly overlook the workshop area or the central foyer area. This will ensure that meetings take place in energized locations, and while one party waits, they may overlook at these active public spaces. They may have views from the outside and the views to the inside.

Should be planned in way that it creates a harmonious balance with the surroundings, so that residences may look at other residences across the site. With Independent Access from the Incubator facility, this residences is planned to achieve a higher level so that views and sunlight might easily penetrate to the interior of the building. Ventilation would be resolved in a passive way with this strategy, providing with ample winter sun and monsoon winds. The residences may be pivoted to adjust to the north-site axis, rather than the geometric axis described on the site.

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

Strenght

Low cost of Land Strategic Location w.r.t to City Technical Universities Parkland surrounding High Soil-Bearing Capacity of Region

Weakness

Sparse Regional Development Non-Permeable urban setting Low footfalls.

Will work only as a footfalls

Opportunity

Synergy with existing universities Green Field - Blank Slate Development Located at a Traffic T-Junction Located near the Regional District Center

Threats

Low Urban Density of the Region Low Urban Permeability

Collective Inferences Proposition Analysis

To ensure design strategies are in sync with energy reduction strategy, sustainable strategy and Landscaping.

To investigate the possibility of architecture as infrastructure rather than product, ensuring flexibility and reconfigurability.

Research Analysis

The cost of producing research labs and integrated office spaces are high on the service and technology side, Thus an integrated system on smaller footprint and compact setting would be most appropriate

Area Programme Analysis

All Functions work to serve the progressions of the stakeholders, which is exhibited through the Experience Center, the Auditorium and the Working Modules. A socially charging point is also the maker’s space and workshops All functions shall serve these and themselves.

Conclusions 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The entire system with the area programme should be well connected, integrated and work as a wholesome ecosystem.

The Design scheme should ensure care free pedestrian movement within the site to increase connectivity Zoning of Programmes should repond to the surrounding conditions while enuring internal planning to remain efficient.

The built and its skin should exhibit a brand value associated with its function and create a place for itself in the face of the streets.

Depth of a building block is limited by the penetration of natural ventilation. It ma however be extended by use of Skylight or LightWell

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

113

7 Evolution & Development Concept Evolution Translation of Philosophy Functional Experience

114

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

PRELIMINARY ZONING STRENGTHS

Clear response to urban morphology and the geometrical axis.

Massing of the built is of an impressionable nature Good sense of entry Mega courtyard concept is distributed Structurally sound Response to the corresponding site edges

WEAKNESS

Footprint exceeds allowance Vertical stacking of largespan may be an issue due to the orientation Daylighting and shading issues due to orientation Noise reduction from workshops would be an issue.

Anti-Climatic Orientation Function and Area Program remains unresolved

GF PLAN

ELEVATION

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

115

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 01

STRENGHTS

Clear and actuated response to urban morphology and the geometrical axis.

MSBS Packaged Treatment System Sewage Biogas Generation Unit Treatment VRV Cooling System System

RESIDENTIAL

FROM PARKING

.2 21

TO W AR PA

EX

.6 10

DS IN

PE

RK

RIE

G

NC

Response to the corresponding site edges and climatological axis

E CE N TE R KIT CH E N

RESIDENCE

FE

RESIDENCE

SERVICES

WORKSHOP

CA

RESIDENCE

Better utilization of FAR/GC

TE RIA

Water Recharge Pits + Overflow Drain

STORAGE AREA

MAIN PANEL ROOM

PRE FUNCTION AREA

ENTERANCE FOYER

WAITING LOUNGE

RECEPTION DESK

STORAGE

MECHANICAL WORKSHOP

Misplaced Cafeteria Block

A IRLO CK

WA SHROOM (F)

STAGE AREA

FIRE CONTROL

BMS ROOM

SECURITY

B A CK OFFICE

PRINTING & CUTTING SHOP

WOOD WORKSHOP

DEPARTMENTAL STORE

SEATING AREA

AUDITORIUM

WA SHR OOM (M)

ADMINISTRATION

Road Network

PFA

Natural Ventillation Green Roof RCC Sub + Super structure CAFE Biomass Generation KITCHEN

1 .2 21

1 : 250

LeveL 3

WEAKNESS

RA

BO

LA

DROP OFF

GF PLAN

ing ool em C yst n nt ls dia t Wel elves ural S uctio a R igh Sh ct str L ight Stru Con L CC all R ry W D ES I R TO

VRV Cooling System + Radiant Cooling Bio Wall Light Shelves Greeen Roof

.6 10

W MOD OR KI UL NG ES W MOD OR KI UL NG ES

RESIDENCE

NF RO EREN OM CE

CO

RESIDENCE

SERVICES

MEE

RESIDENCE

TING

VRV Cooling System Bio Wall Double Facade Screen

VRV Cooling System Bio Wall RCC Superstructure + Precast Post-tensioned Girder.v

MEE TING

WAITING ROOM

INFORMAL SITTING

MEETING

SEMINAR ROOM

Unaesthetic and unbalanced Massing

MEETING

MENTOR'S ROOM SEMINAR ROOM

Non-celebratory entrance.

BANQUET

.6 10

W MOD OR KI UL NG ES

W MOD OR KI UL NG ES

Structural cores resolve circulation in an untidy and inefficient manner Open spaces have no hierarchy within them

EXPERIENCE CENTER

W MOD OR KI UL NG ES

Conflict in vehicular access to be dropping off on the left hand side.

Water Recharge Pits + Overflow Drain

Water Recharge Pits + Overflow Drain

MENTOR'S ROOM

INFORMAL SITTING

Incorrect zoning of entrance lobby

WA SHROOM (F)

WA SHR OOM (M)

COMPUTER CENTER

DATA CENTER + UPS ROOM

RESIDENCE

RESIDENCE

TYPICAL UPPER LEVEL PLANS

116

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 02

1

1 : 250

B

B

2

2

C

0 .0 10

m

10 .0 0

C

m

30 m²

DEISEL TANK

3

1

6.5 0

4

4

m

E

161 m²

m

E

METAL WORKSHOP

0 .0 10

H RC W EA ULEMODU²ORKIN RES OD 4 m LES G M 4

D

3

D

DS RK

m

PA

1

ING

5

W MO OR DU KING LE S

6.7 5 m

DSC

m

LAN

NG

1

API

130 m²

6

1

N

1

W MO OR DU KING LE S

W

F

F

TS OM GEN HRO ² AS m W 16 DIES OM LA HRO ² AS 6 m

I OPE

m

LAN

DSC

1

5

50 m²

ET ING

47 m²

RESIDENCE

ME ET ING

1

H RC EA ULE ² RES OD 9 m M 2

I

47 m²

47 m²

RESIDENCE

L

M

N

RESIDENCE

K

N

194 m²

J

M

STORAGE AREA 30 m²

32 m²

14 m²

50 m²

STORAGE

BMS + FIRE CONTROL

ARRIVAL FORECOURT

13 m²

SECURITY

Room

M

5.00 m

DEPARTMENTAL STORE

144 m²

5.00 m

33 m²

CONCERIEGE

22 m²

L

N

CHANGING RM CHANGING RM (F) (M)

BACK OFFICE

10.00 m

BANQUET OUTDOOR COURT

L

15 m²

STAGE AREA

410 m²

SEATING AREA

AUDITORIUM

638 m²

PRE FUNCTION AREA

ENTERANCE FOYER

K

29 m²

K

AIRLOCK

J

SERVICES 81 m²

RESIDENCE

24 m²

STORAGE AREA MAIN PANEL

FT

GE

SHA

E

UN

21 m²

LO

FIR

EXPERIENCE CENTRE

MEETING LOUNGE

J

SERVICES

5.00 m

5.00 m

Not Enclosed

MAKE UP STATION

ING

I

AIT

H

W

G

GRO

5.00 m

ON NG OR API FLO DSC UND

I

10.00 m

H

LAN

TEM SYS PV VE AR ABO

ELEVATOR LOBBY

SOL

G

GYMNASIUM

5.00 m

H

G

RESIDENCE

47 m²

R ATO EV BY EL LOB m² 0

H RC EAW LE ² MO OR U RES DUODKIN3G m M LE4S

NG

81 m²

RESIDENCE

API

ME

Daylighting strategies are emerging in the scheme CAFETERIA

LANDSCAPED AREA

SEM

W MO OR DU KING LE S

H RC EA ULE ² RES OD 2 m M 2

6

0 .0 10

150 m²

16 m²

F

WASHROOM (M) WASHROOM 16 m² (F)

CAFE KITCHEN

E RAG A STO ARE

HT PANEL 108 m²

MECHANICAL WORKSHOP

0 .0 10

W MO OR H DU KING RC LE LE S EA

U ² RES OD 2 m M 3

Response to the corresponding site edges and climatological axis 5

H RC EA ULE ² RES OD 2 m M 2

AR

m

0 5.0

W

6.7 5

TO

37.15 m

STP

64 m²

12.00 m

26

25

24

23

22

21 20 19 18 17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

26

25

24

23

22

21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

1

A

1

1 : 250

1

B

B

LeveL 4

A

1 : 250

2

2

C

C

3

D

3

4

4

RY E RA NIN LIB ZA m² EZ 3 ,M 29

E

E

5

5

6

6

PLANT ROOM 128 m²

Extremely long vehicular circulation that conflicts with pedestrian circulation as well D

I OPE

N

W

1

TS OM GEN HRO ² AS m W 16 DIES OM LA HRO ² AS 6 m

SEM

F

5

R ATO EV BY EL LOB m² 0

47 m²

81 m²

53 m²

G

47 m²

G TIN EA W N LO EE BE NT CA AREA

H

18 m²

GUARD'S ROOM

MOTORCYCLE PARKING

H

PARKING AREA

ELEVATOR LOBBY

G

RESIDENCE

RESIDENCE

16 m²

WASHROOM (CHAFFEURS') 16 m² COMMON ROOM

RESIDENCE

Daylighting techniques such as lightwells cannot work at the proportion it is planned for.

F

Room

47 m²

Room

31 m²

Room

Room

23 m²

K

21 m²

Room

Room

10 m²

10 m²

47 m²

RESIDENCE

81 m²

J

40 m²

KITCHEN STORAGE

40 m²

BANQUET STORAGE

BANQUET HALL

589 m²

BANQUET

112 m²

BOILER ROOM

STORAGE

PARKING AREA

100 m²

BOILER ROOM

J

K

Not Enclosed

SERVICES

RESIDENCE

Room

13 m²

13 m²

Room

Room

13 m²

Room

13 m²

13 m²

I

I

11 m² 11 m²

Room

16 m²

M

11 m²

N

0.90 m

N

Room Room

11 m²

Room

16 m²

RESIDENCE

194 m²

143 m²

144 m²

SERVICES

LT PANEL

PRE FUNCTION AREA

M

194 m²

EXCEPTIONAL INDUSTRIAL MODULE 242 m²

Room Room Room Room

L

PARKING AREA

L

11 m² 11 m²

163 m²

KITCHEN

JANITOR

WEAKNESS LeveL B2

EQ

26

25

24

23

22

21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14

13

12

11

9

10

8 7

26

25

24

23

22

21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14

13

12

11

9

10

8

7

117 Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

Integration of the 2 major block is hindered at the upper level EQ

EQ EQ EQ

Wide circulation, inefficient and only a few service areas.

JANITOR

LeveL 7

1

34 m²

DG ROOM

1

Level 5 Plan

Basement Plan

DROP OFF AREA

14.98 m 13.99 m 8.00 m 7.00 m 10.00 m 13.25 m 6.75 m 5.00 m 5.00 m 5.00 m

TYPICAL UPPER LEVEL PLANS Ground Floor Site Plan

A

A

6.00 m

1 : 250

RECEPTION

STRENGHTS LeveL 1

JANITOR

5.00 m 5.00 m 5.00 m 5.00 m 8.00 m 7.00 m 10.00 m 5.00 m 5.00 m 5.00 m 5.00 m 8.99 m 12.00 m

1

1

INFORMAL SEATING

Clear and actuated response to urban morphology and the geometrical axis.

FROM PARKING

PRE FINAL DESIGN

STRENGHTS

Integration of all building using streamlined circulation and interface between outdoor and indoor are treated better for better transitions Vehicular traffic is resolved and contained. Building mass is compact and efficient Daylighting systems are in place and effectively working Usable open spaces are emerging in the scheme Pedestrian friendly car free circulation Structural System and Views are well resolved.

Fig 119 : North Elevation

WEAKNESS

Lawn in front of the entrance is broken by the car parking ramps.

Inefficient system of vertical vehicular circulations Conflicting geometries at the junctions Very large masses as a result of the compaction in plan.

Inward looking planning, hierarchy of open spaces are neither distributed nor clear.

Low porosity at the ground floor level No separate entrance for workshops No open space for workshops to expand The Identity of the whole is not comprehensively worked on with the elevation in mind. landscaping is nonexistent

Fig 120 : Areal View

Fig 118 : North & East Side Views

118

Fig 117 : Site Plan

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

A

A 1

B m 10 .0 0

C

m

10 .0 0

m 8.0 0

D

3 m

m 10 .0 0

m

4

G KIN E OR UL ² W OD m M 55

m

3 4

1

E 10 .0 0

A9

5

5

m

1

²

U 14

m

AH

A9

D

3 5.0 0

8.0 0

2

C

2

3

A9

E

1

B 10 .0 0

OR

6

6 PL

AN

T

m

6

G IN ET M ME ROO m² 9

12 9

RO

²

OM 24

Ro

om

m ²

W

AS

HR

m ²

OO

UP

M

RM

ITO

M

OM RO N

S QU L EEP AR IN T G m ER ²

FA

16

RO m²

239 m²

17

U OM

Room

OO

DO

AL IC m ²

TR EL

G

AH

Room

81 m²

HR

m ²

COMMUNAL CHANGING ROOM

12

EC

Room

47 m²

G

AS

16

RY

17

W

F

F

47 m²

m ²

NIT

m ²

JA

m

48

10 .0 0

16

H

H

I

MOT

OR

CY

CL

E

GU RO AR D OM 'S

18 PA

RK

IN

m ²

G

I

DN

DN

Room

TESTING LABORATORY

JANITOR

47 m²

J

Room

81 m²

94 m²

Room

J

PRINTING & CUTTING WORKSHOP

ELECTRICAL WORKSHOP

76 m²

39 m²

ELECTRICAL

14 m²

L

ELEVATOR LOBBY

2

MECHANICAL WORKSHOP

53 m²

A9

2

268 m²

A9

ADMINISTRATION

270 m²

191 m²

K

K

EXCEPTIONAL INDUSTRIAL MODULE

DINING AREA

INFORMAL MEETING AREA

147 m²

47 m²

L

87 m²

AHU ROOM 32 m²

M

MEETING + LIBRARY

M

Room

194 m²

191 m²

UP

N

N

Fig 122 : Level 2 Plan

Fig 121 : Basement Level Plan A

3

m 10 .0 0

m

SHEET NO

LIB

m

10 .0 0

C

1 : 250

m

NORTH

A9

D

m

5

10 m

E

SCHOOL OF PLANNING & ARCHITECTURE

BASMENT LEVEL PLAN m

SHEET NO

3 m

LIB

4

0

m

8.0 0

NORTH

5

10 m

5

RY

0 63

²

²

m

m

RA

m

RY

3 51

OR

DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY INCUBATOR VIKRAM BENGANI

10 .0 0

5

26

25

2 10 .0 0

3

24

23

22

5.0 0

RA

NIT

20 1 21

18 19

4

10 .0 0 JA

17

m

m 8.0 0

m

10 .0 0

m

LeveL B1

16

15

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

0

8.0 0

1

SCHOOL OF PLANNING & ARCHITECTURE 10 .0 0

B

10 .0 0

DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY INCUBATOR VIKRAM BENGANI

5.0 0

E

26

25

2

3

A9

D

24

8.0 0

m

C

1 : 250

m

23

22

21 10 .0 0

14

m

20

18 19

17

16

13

12

11

9

10 .0 0

15

14

10 .0 0

1

B

13

12

11

9

8

7

m

8

7

LeveL 2

A 1

DN

6

JA

NIT

10 .0 0

OR

m

6

7

G IN ET M ME ROO m² 0

G IN ET M ME ROO m² 0

7

F

F AL

Room

m ²

8

EL

Room

U

27

18

OM RO m²

OM RO m²

AH

47 m²

G

U

Room

EC

Room

AH

Room

81 m²

TR

IC

47 m²

G

81 m²

47 m²

Room

H

47 m²

H OPEN TERRACE GARDEN

I

Room

17 m²

Room

Room

47 m²

SHADED GARDEN AREA

LOUNGE / RECEPTION

Room

47 m²

ELECTRICAL

SERVER ROOM

Room

COMPUTER CENTER

ELEVATOR LOBBY

JANITOR

RESEARCH MODULE

95 m²

89 m²

MEETING ROOM 38 m²

K STORAGE 36 m²

A9

STORAGE 38 m²

37 m²

UPS ROOM + SERVER STATION

L

GREEN ROOM + CHANGING ROOM

PREFUNCTION AREA

20 m²

M

WORKING MODULE

125 m²

2

112 m²

32 m²

WORKING MODULE

Room

47 m²

37 m²

20 m²

AHU ROOM

194 m²

Room

81 m²

174 m²

MAKE-UP STATION

STORAGE

304 m²

14 m²

L

JANITOR

28 m²

29 m²

SECURITY + CONCEIREGE

K

PRE FUNCTION

58 m²

J

Room

15 m²

2

COWORKING MODULES

14 m²

Room

17 m²

ELECTRICAL

Room

17 m²

m ²

Room

17 m²

JANITOR

J

Room

17 m²

Ro

Room

17 m²

14

Room

47 m²

om

14

Ro

m ²

om

276 m²

I

WORKING MODULES

COWORKING MODULES

153 m²

105 m²

117 m²

ELEVATOR LOBBY

MAIN PANEL ROOM

37 m²

36 m²

32 m²

176 m²

M

N

A9

38 m²

GREEN ROOM + CHANGING ROOM

AHU ROOM

36 m²

Room

194 m²

N

Fig 124 : Level 3 Plan

7

1

LeveL 3 1 : 250

8

9

11

Fig 123 : Level 4 Plan

12

13

14

15

16

17

18 19

Vikram Bengani , School of Planning & Architecture

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY INCUBATOR VIKRAM BENGANI

1

LeveL 4

SCHOOL OF PLANNING & ARCHITECTURE

THIRD LEVEL PLAN SHEET NO

NORTH

1 : 250

7

8

9

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18 19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY INCUBATOR VIKRAM BENGANI

119

SCHOOL OF PLANNING & ARCHITECTURE

FOURTH LEVEL PLAN SHEET NO

NORTH

SOIL FINE SAND GRAVEL LAYER DRAINAGE DECK SHEET PCC SCREED with W/P ADMIX W/P MEMBRANE BARRIER PCC with WATERPROOF ADMIXTURE

SOLAR PANELS 23o SPACE TRUSS SUPPORT

DIAPHRAGM PT BEAM

CAVITY WALL INSULATION PCC SCREED 100THK

WAFFLE SLAB

ISMB 400

ROLLING SUNSCREEN

RADIANT COOLING PEX TUBE

BIRDSCREEN + INSULATION

MS BOX 150 X150

CURTAIN WALL

MS DECK SHEET AHU RETURN

STONE FLOORING EXPANDED STYROPHOAM INSULATION WAFFLE SLABS EXT. CURTAINS CURTAIN WALL

TERRACE GARDEN GRASS + SHRUBS

DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY INCUBATOR

GEOTEXTILE MEMBRANE

VIKRAM BENGANI

DECK SHEETING

SCHOOL OF PLANNING & ARCHITECTURE

FILTERATION GRAVELS DIAPHRAGM BEAM

1

EXT Wall Section (South) 1 : 25

EXT Wall Section 2 (South-West) 1 : 25

EXT. WALL SECTION SHEET NO

0

NORTH

5

Fig 125 :â&#x20AC;&#x201A; External Wall Conditions

120

Design & Technology Incubator - Thesis 2017

10 m

8 Final Design Concept Evolution Translation of Philosophy Functional Experience

A Bibliography 1. Vivarivm - Criteria for the Planning, Programming, Designing and Construction of Business Incubators, Business Centers and Executive Suites, (2nd Ed, May 2015), Produced & Published by: European Regional Development Fund, University Politechnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 2. Startup India Guidelines for Incubators. Atal Incubation Mission, Government of India. 2016.

3. Maryam Shafiee, Architecture for Science: Space as an Incubator to Nurture Research. University of Massachusetts - Amherst. 2014 4. Jonathan Molloy. Can Architecture Make Us More Creative? Part III: Academic Environments. 2013.

5. Barry Svigals. Collaboration: Pathways to Success, 2013.

6. Brand, Stewart. How Buildings Learn: What Happens after They’re Built. New York, NY: Viking, 1994.

7. De, Botton Alain. The Architecture of Happiness. London: Penguin, 2007 8. Galison, Peter, and Emily Ann. Thompson. The Architecture of Science. Cambridge, MA: MIT, 1999.