Henlow Dec 2020

VILLAGER The

Issue 145 - December 2020

and Town

Life

LOCAL NEWS • LOCAL PEOPLE • LOCAL SERVICES • LOCAL CHARITIES • LOCAL PRODUCTS

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In this issue The History of Writing Christmas on a Budget

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Inside this issue...

Enjoy a Greener Christmas

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The History of Writing....................................................................... 4 How to Enjoy a Greener Christmas............................................... 8 Festive Fun in the Time of COVID.................................................10 Conspiracy Theories........................................................................... 12 Hertfordshire Age UK........................................................................14 How to avoid friendship fade during the pandemic.............. 17 Christmas on a Budget......................................................................18 Wines Worth Locating: Hirschmugl!...........................................20 Short Story - The Secret Ingredient............................................ 23 Digestive problems and how to overcome them.................. 25 Colour Therapy this Christmas......................................................26 Oxygen Therapy may help long COVID Symptoms...............29 Gifted Inspiration...............................................................................30 Discovering Bath..................................................................................33 Ways to support EAAA this Christmas....................................... 34 Six health conditions drivers must declare to the DVLA....36

Be Canny with Credit Cards...........................................................38 Hard-working Ivy................................................................................ 42 Fun Quiz.................................................................................................45 How many kinds of sweet flowers grow...................................46 Robin Redbreast.................................................................................50 RSPCA Annual Review - The Best Bits........................................54 Festive Baking......................................................................................56 Festive films you’ve probably never heard of..........................59 Christmas Posting Dates..................................................................59 Puzzle Page...........................................................................................60 Above and Beyond Cancer Foundation..................................... 62 The Science of Snowflakes.............................................................64 Wordsearch..........................................................................................64 Your Christmas Tech Checklist......................................................69 Win £100 in our Christmas Prize Crossword.....................74 The Gift of a Good Book................................................................. 76

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History

The History of Writing

By Catherine Rose

December brings with it one of the biggest annual tasks – sending out our Christmas cards! But while you are busy penning your festive wishes to friends and family, you are also taking part in one of humankind’s greatest achievements: communication through the art of writing.

Writing has only been in existence for around five thousand years. It was invented a long time after spoken language, which developed tens of thousands of years ago. What is astonishing is that all written languages, although very different in appearance, can be traced back to common origins and a lightbulb moment in writing’s development known as the Rebus Principle.

Universally amongst human cultures, history has always been passed down verbally over time through songs, poetry and stories. The human impulse to be creative has also led to expression through art, and the earliest forms of written communication were through pictographs and pictograms: drawings of objects and illustrations of a concept the artist wanted to communicate.

Illustrations like this can be seen in the oldest cave paintings. Early pictographs were also used as accounts, such as listing belongings that were to be traded or sacrificed; for example, a sheaf of wheat or a cow. Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics famously used a variety of pictograms.

However, people quickly found that pictograms alone were not always enough to convey complex ideas, so they were adapted to not only represent what they were, but to additionally stand for

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spoken sounds. Words could then be built up using images that did not necessarily relate to the objects themselves but could be sounded out to obtain another meaning. This was the Rebus Principle – rebus meaning ‘by things’ in Latin. It meant that people’s names could be written down, as well as their possessions and transactions. As an example, ‘sun’ and ‘son’ have different meanings but because they sound the same, they could be represented by the same symbol.

The earliest form of writing using symbols – or phonograms – to represent sounds is known as ‘cuneiform’. It was invented in ancient southern Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq) by the Sumerians in order to facilitate trade. Cuneiform used a system of triangular marks made with a reed that were impressed on wet clay tablets. Examples can be seen in the British Museum.

At the same time in China, etched and (later) calligraphically painted characters, which had originally depicted objects, evolved to represent more complex words and ideas. As there are many sounds in Chinese language that are the same but mean entirely different things, extra marks or qualifiers were added to the written characters to explain the correct context of the words.

The earliest examples of Chinese writing have been found on oracle bones. These were animal bones on which a prediction or question was etched. The bone was then heated and the way it cracked could be read by a diviner to confirm the prediction or answer a question.

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In Mesoamerica, glyphs were used to represent the written form of language. Consequently, it is believed that writing was invented in three separate areas of the world along similar principles.

Alphabets we use today have common origins in the Semitic language. The Semites worked as labourers in ancient Egypt and adapted hieroglyphs to represent twenty-four different sounds, producing their own written letters.

The Phoenicians adapted this alphabet and it was spread across the Mediterranean by travelling merchants. The Greeks and Romans also adopted it for their own written languages, Greek and Latin. The discovery of the Rosetta Stone was an important development in deciphering these links, because it was written in three different scripts and could therefore be used as a codebreaking tool.

Today, the origin of our alphabet can still be traced back to Semitic pictographs. The letter ‘a’ or ‘A’, for example, was originally an ox’s head or aleph and was therefore given the sound a. The Greeks subsequently called this first letter alpha. Because of differences between cultures in reading left

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to right or right to left, letters were turned and adapted. If you flip our capital letter A upside down, it still looks like an ox head.

In the same way, the letter ‘b’ or ‘B’ was originally a drawing of a reed house or bet, producing a b sound. The Greeks subsequently called this letter beta. If you look at the original Semitic drawing of the letter, it is a square shape with a slight tail. Once again, flip it and our modern letter b is recognisable.

As with spoken language, written language has evolved over time. Punctuation and the differentiation between capital and lower-case letters were a necessary evolution of reading long texts to indicate pauses, breaths and the separation of ideas for clarity of meaning. As with qualifying marks in Chinese, a comma can make a world of difference! But it was not until the invention of printing that punctuation was standardised.

Writing has not only given us a means to post our good wishes at Christmas. It has also given us the gift of great literature and in our modern world has enabled global communication.

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Green Issue

How to enjoy a greener Christmas ‘Less is more’ is a mantra that’s rarely heard around Christmas. This year, show Planet Earth a little love with these five eco-friendly Christmas tips. from local farm shops and choose an organic, freerange turkey. Food tastes a lot better when you Rent, reuse or recycle a tree know where it’s come from!

Every December, up to eight million Christmas Sadly, Christmas is also the most wasteful time of trees are bought in the UK alone, most of which the year, so make sure you only buy things that are dumped at the end of the season. That’s a lot you know will get eaten. If you get carried away, of waste! turn your leftovers into new meals, see how much Plastic trees last for years but take enormous you can fit in the freezer or donate to a local food amounts of energy to manufacture. Buying bank. pre-loved ones on eBay, Gumtree and Freecycle, Rethink your decorations however, is a great way to reuse what would From Christmas lights to candles, who would have otherwise be thrown away. thought that decorations could be bad for the If Christmas isn’t the same without that authentic environment? pine tree scent, why not rent a tree from a local Fortunately, something as simple as switching farm? After you’ve used it, it’ll be picked up and your incandescent lights to LEDs can cut energy replanted, ready for next year. usage by up to 80%! You don’t have to give up When buying new, look out for the ‘Grown in your candle collection either; look out for soy Britain’ label or FSC ‘seal of approval’, and find or beeswax candles, which don’t contain harmful drop-off points in your area where it can be paraffin wax. recycled once Christmas is over.

The chances are you have Christmas decorations Buy second-hand rattling round in your attic, so don’t waste money Gifts don’t have to be new to bring a smile to – or materials – buying new ones. If you do, head someone’s face. Suggest a second-hand present to charity or vintage shops to find some pre-loved rule with family and friends this year, where you styles. only buy each other pre-loved gifts.

Wrap sustainably These could be from a charity shop or websites We use over 8,000 tonnes of wrapping paper over such as eBay. If you’re feeling crafty, you could even Christmas, much of which isn’t recyclable! whip up some gifts from home. Candles, jams and It’s depressing, but don’t lose hope. Try wrapping chutneys or knitted hats and scarves: get creative presents with old wallpaper, posters or newspapers, and see where your talents take you! and save the wrapping paper on your own gifts for Source locally grown food next year.

We’re all guilty of buying – and eating – a little A great way to test if wrapping paper can be more food than we need at Christmas, so it’s recycled is to scrunch it up in your hands and important to make sure it’s coming from a then let it go. If the paper stays crumpled it can sustainable place. be recycled, but if it unfolds by itself it probably Instead of fighting over groceries in the contains non-recyclable elements. supermarket aisle, source your Christmas lunch

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Time of Year

By Kate McCarthy

Festive Fun in the Time of COVID! How on Earth can we celebrate in the midst of all this?

It’s been a weird old year. We’d all be forgiven for feeling more flat than festive. What we need are some simple ways to find fun in the time of COVID. The pandemic will mean Christmas won’t look like it usually does, but with a bit of thought and creativity it’s still possible to celebrate even if we have to spend Christmas away from friends and family: Prioritize - Which traditions matter most to you?

Which are easiest to maintain?

You can still set up the Christmas decorations, make special foods and watch your favourite films.

Pantomimes and trips to the ballet are not possible though so use the family time to set up a games evening with prizes and lots of shouting. You can play charades with friends and family either outside or via video link. My kids love Nintendo Just Dance, and find it hilarious when my husband and I join in.

Kids mostly want you...in silly festive mode. So put your phone away, just like you would at the theatre, and get stuck in.

Decorate a tree outside - This is the year to deck out your decking, and pretty your patio. Adorn an outdoor tree with LED lights and shatterproof ornaments. Use twist ties or florist’s wire to secure the ornaments so they stay put even in the wind.

Then invite a few friends round for a socially distanced switch on, complete with mulled wine.

Make memories - Create an advent calendar with

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festive activities for each day. The activities don’t have to be elaborate; it could just be drinking hot chocolates with marshmallows together, wearing Santa hats, or watching Elf, or taking silly festive photos Start a new tradition - How about a Secret Santa gift exchange outside round a firepit with toasted marshmallows? Or outdoor games on the decking with blankets and hot chocolate? There might be an outdoor cinema near you showing Christmas films.

Go with friends, take blankets and flasks, and have a socially distanced outdoor film night!

Spread some joy - If 2020 has taught us anything, it’s how much the people in our lives actually mean to us, so spread happiness where you can. Write down how much the people you love mean to you and send it out to them. Make Christmas cookies and leave some with your friends and neighbours. Drop off some treats at a local nursing home, hospital, or fire department to brighten the lives of the people there.

Different can be special - You probably don’t remember exactly what happens at Christmas from year to year, but when something out of the ordinary occurs, it sticks in your memory...Christmas disasters often make the best dinner party stories in the years that follow. 2020 has the capacity to give us all enough stories for decades!

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Cloudy2Clear, A Local Service With A Smile.

I think we can all agree that the sooner we see the back of 2020 and this dreadful corona virus the better. That said, there are also some heart warming positives that we can take out of this situation. It has often been said that we can only really get to know one another and realise what is truly important in times of crisis. I think few would argue that in this case what has proven to be important is local community spirit.

When talking to the Manager of Cloudy2Clear windows Stephen Moon it became clear that these values have been held dear for a number of years. Since starting the business some years ago Cloudy2Clear have remained true to their core values of

supporting the local community by providing a service that saves the public money.

The Cloudy2Clear service only requires the glass to be replaced and not the whole window once the unit has failed. Stephen commented “Cloudy2Clear were able to assist our community through the last financial crisis in 2008 due to the savings that can be made in using our service. Unfortunately we might be going through something similar again soon and the public can rest assured that we will be there to help again”.

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Conspiracy

Conspiracy Theories

By Tom Hancock

Three of the best from 2020

Conspiracy theories have abounded since people sat around a campfire talking about where the sun went every night. 2020 has been a particularly fine year for conspiracy theories and if you’re looking for something to talk about over Christmas dinner look no further than the craziest conspiracy theories of 2020.

The 5G theory It’s biologically impossible for viruses to spread using the electromagnetic spectrum. But that isn’t really the point — conspiracy theorists love to link two things which at a cursory glance may appear be correlated.

However, correlation is not causation. The rapid rollout of 5G networks was taking place at the same time as the pandemic hit. Cue conspiracists, mainly anti-vaccine activists spreading fears about electromagnetic radiation.

The World Health Organization (WHO) points out that viruses cannot travel on mobile networks, and that COVID-19 spread rapidly in many countries that do not have 5G networks. This didn’t stop certain celebrities from spreading misinformation among their followers, culminating in mobile phone towers being vandalised.

The Bill Gates theory Mr. Gates, who became a target of disinformation after he criticized the defunding of the World Health Organization. Conspiracy theorists dragged out a 2015 Ted talk given by Gates, where he discussed the Ebola outbreak and warned of the probability of a future pandemic, and claimed he must have had advance knowledge of the COVID pandemic or even that he caused it.

One variation of this theory, particularly beloved by anti-vaccination activists, is that Gates is plotting to initiate a programme to vaccinate the world’s population and use this to implant digital microchips that will somehow track and control people. As vaccinating much of the world’s population may well be the only way to end this pandemic there is clearly a kernel of truth, but once again correlation is not causation.

The Chinese laboratory theory This one at least has the benefit of being plausible. The original epicentre of the epidemic, the Chinese city of Wuhan, also hosts a virology institute where researchers have been studying bat coronaviruses for a long time.

One of the researchers, Shi Zhengli, a prominent virologist, was sufficiently concerned about the prospect that she spent days combing through lab records to see if anything had gone wrong. She was relieved when genetic sequencing showed that the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus did not match any of the viruses sampled and studied in the Wuhan Institute of Virology by her team.

But the coincidence of China’s lead institute studying bat coronaviruses being in the same city as the origin of the COVID outbreak proved irresistible to conspiracists and the theory has tipped into the mainstream, being reported in the Times, and many other outlets.

Conspiracy theories can take hold quickly. It’s important that we don’t just pass them on unthinkingly but investigate the facts for ourselves and speak out to combat misinformation, and not just about COVID.

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Local News

It’s a cold and lonely winter!

But you can make it warmer!

Winter is always difficult for many older people, not everyone has family or friends, and for many long dark nights are a struggle.

Many older people say they feel intensely lonely and Covid-19 has only increased feelings of fear and isolation.

Age UK Hertfordshire want to help older people who might be finding this winter tough.

‘We’re concerned about the mental and physical well-being of our clients,’ says Mark Hanna, Director of Operations, ‘Our InTouch Service which provides emotional support, is receiving a high number of calls from people reporting feelings of anxiety and hopelessness, we urgently want to help as many people as we can.’

The charity which supports over 10,000 people a year provides a number of services for older people, from a free and confidential Information & Advice Service to a number of Befriending Services aimed at reducing isolation and loneliness as well as helping older people with benefits and finances. ’We’ve been running all our services on-line or over the phone,’ Mark continues, ‘We’ve delivered food parcels, comfort packs and taken tech to people who had never used a tablet before. Over the summer our volunteers were able to start

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visiting (at social distance) – but now with the lockdown and the colder weather many of our clients may go weeks without having face to face contact. Our clients often put on a brave face and tell us they are coping, but this has been a challenging year and many have not seen their family or friends for months.’

Age UK Hertfordshire are asking people to support them by taking part in their 12 Days of Winter Campaign. Roz Wyllie, Head of Engagement, explains the idea behind the campaign.

‘There are over 12 million people aged over 65 in the UK, and one in every 12 older people say they feel lonely, and one third of over

75’s who live alone spend more than 12 hours a day by themselves – our 12 days of winter campaign aims to raise awareness of the issues facing older people as well as giving people in Hertfordshire the opportunity to help us and have some fun while they do!

We’re asking people to choose 12 challenges, big or small, over 12 days in winter. So, on Day 1 you might write a letter to a friend, on Day 2 you could walk two miles, on Day 3 you might take 3 selfies …and you can post it up on social media, share the challenges with friends, and set yourself a fundraising goal, knowing that the money raised will go to helping older people in Hertfordshire.

For more information… contact Age UK Hertfordshire on communications@ageukherts.org.uk or visit their website https://www.ageuk.org.uk/hertfordshire #12daysofwinter

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Friendship

By Louise Addison

How to Avoid Friendship Fade During the Pandemic

Maintaining friendships when you can’t meet up is tough A quarter of people in Great Britain have no-one they can call a ‘best friend’ and nearly one-in-eight admit to having no friends at all. As the pandemic continues and interactions with friends become more virtual, even those who have never had to worry about friendships are noticing friendship fade.

We like to think that our friendships are based on shared interests and personality traits, but mostly they are based on proximity, consistency, and communication.

We’re all feeling jaded and lacking in energy right now. It’s no surprise we’re struggling to summon the motivation to interact with others. Friendships falter during sustained periods of radio silence and at the moment we lack the new and shared experiences, the grievances and personal victories that previously we would have dissected at length over a bottle of wine.

In addition, we all have vastly different pandemic experiences. Some of us are working from quiet well-ordered homes; others are jobless, struggling financially, or trying to arrange near impossible childcare for who kids may be quarantining due to school outbreaks. Some may even have lost family members. These differences put a strain on the closest friendships, and it can feel as though we’re drifting apart. However, with a bit of effort we can reconnect.

Many friendships are based around a hobby. Craft sessions and book clubs moved easily online, but sport and music groups are more difficult to

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transfer…choirs don’t really work online, and you certainly can’t play badminton remotely. It’s good to try to get together socially though. Try an online quiz or watch a film together. You already have one interest in common so there will probably be other connections, and repeated interactions prime us to be friends with one another.

It can feel risky to reach out, but scientists have proven that people who initiate interactions are less likely to be lonely over time, and they’re more likely to be satisfied in their relationships. Many people assume that if their friend doesn’t initiate then they’re not interested, but everybody’s afraid of rejection. We tend to underestimate how much someone we have interacted with likes us, especially if we’re self-critical.

It’s called ‘The liking gap’. Also, we tend to think that we have to be cool, fascinating, or smart, but if you treat others well and make them feel valued, they are more likely to want to be friends.

If someone doesn’t respond, don’t be despondent; they might suffer with social anxiety, or be overwhelmed with work, or struggling with other problems in their lives. Think of reaching out like exercising a muscle; the more you do it the more likely you’ll make and maintain friendships.

Put video chats in your diary, in the same way you would schedule a dinner date. Face time is the closest thing we have to real life face-to-face connections right now. It’s not perfect but it will help keep friendships strong.

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Parenting

By Kate Duggan

Christmas on a budget

Free and low-cost ideas to make Christmas magical

Try a digital advent calendar (£3.70) The Jacquie Lawson advent calendar is a firm favourite in our house. A new game, story or creative activity is released each day throughout December.

The calendar is centred around a Christmassy scene, and many of the activities then become part of that scene. So your child might decorate the tree, dress up the snowman or create a wreath to hang on a shop door, for example. www.jacquielawson.com/advent.

Look for low-cost elves (£1) A branded Elf on a Shelf could set you back over £20, so look for alternatives. I picked up a couple of small bendable elves for £1 each from Tiger a couple of years ago, which did the job just as well as a bigger elf – until the dog got hold of them!

Send a message from Santa (Free) Santa has been wishing my kids a happy Christmas through a Portable North Pole (www.portablenorthpole.com) video for years. The shorter

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personalised video is free to create and is pretty much guaranteed to delight younger children. (It’s also worth looking in your phone’s app store for Christmas-themed apps like Santa Spy Cam and Elf Yourself.)

Organise a second-hand scavenger hunt (£10 or under) Most children enjoy a scavenger hunt around the house or garden.

The most successful one I’ve organised for my children involved a load of Shopkins and other mini figures that I picked up secondhand from Facebook Marketplace for under £10. The elves that I mentioned above also create a treasure hunt every year, with a series of clues leading to a craft activity, gift-wrapped sweets or a small toy.

Buy in bulk If you can club together with other families, you might be able to make savings on stocking fillers and activities by bulk buying. Baker and Ross (www.bakerross.co.uk) for example, sell a wide range of craft kits, activities and small toys. They

mainly sell to schools, so if you bulk buy it works out a lot cheaper.

My son adored the Gingerbread House Kit last year (two for £6.95 or 10 for £22.50).

The Rainbow Wooden Keyring Craft Kits (four for £6.95 or sixteen for £18.40), Racing Reindeers (four for £5.95 or sixteen for £14.88) and Woodland Friends Stationery Sets (four for £6.95 or sixteen for £18.40) would all make great stocking fillers. There’s also usually an offer on whereby you can save more money if you spend over a certain amount.

Look for cost-saving memberships (£1) Membership cards like Kids Pass offer substantial discounts on family experiences. You can get up to 40% off cinema tickets for example, as well as money off days out to safari parks, theme parks, zoos, trampoline parks and so on, plus discounts on restaurants. A Kids Pass membership from www. kidspass.co.uk costs £2.99 a month, but you can get a thirty-day trial for just £1.

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Food & Drink

Wines worth locating: Hirschmugl Austrian cuisine is now available and very much enjoyed, globally. The popularity of wines, produced in Austria, is now recognised and acknowledged around the world. Many have received awards, at prestigious competitions and events, in Austria and other countries, worldwide.

Weingut Hirschmugl is located in Styria, at Domaene am Seggauberg. The non-poisonous adder snake is incorporated in the company’s logo, as they are considered an indicator of a healthy environment. Grape varieties grown include Sauvignon Blanc, Welschriesling, Traminer, Muscaris, Cabernet Blanc and Cabertin.

Wines produced are classified as Styrian Drinking Pleasure, Nobilis – utilising grapes from the best locations in the vineyards, Aurum – produced in limited quantities and aged, plus Sparkling wine, which is only produced during exceptional years and Natural wine.

The combinations of soil minerals, plus climate (which includes warm days and cool nights), with much knowledge, expertise and devotion, of course, ultimately come together to produce outstanding (not a word I use lightly) wines. The winery is in an area of ancient woodlands. The Domaene Hirschmugl team works in harmony with nature – a philosophy equally as important today as it was at the outset. Included in the range of wines produced by the Hirschmugl winery are some from “PiWi” grape varieties. These “PiWi” varieties have a high, natural fungus resistance. Constantly striving to expand on skills and knowledge, Hirschmugl produces superb wines to a high standard, whilst maintaining traditions.

Decto Rosso is a wonderful brut wine. This salmoncoloured presentation has fine bubbles and a really pleasant, fruity bouquet. An elegant wine and a great appetiser, too. Cabernet Blanc I found aromatic and with a very good mouthfeel and palate sensation. Their Chardonnay and Chardonnay Nobilis (aged), with intense, full-bodied, long palates, are regular selections, for many.

Muscaris has numerous ‘devotees’, also. Dry, aromatic and with a full body, this graces many dining occasions, constantly. RWC is aged and very popular. The deep, red colour, is appreciated and extended, for bouquet, plus great pleasures on the mouth and palate. The wine bottles are eye-catching and impressively adorned with logo and labelling.

Other productions include splendid fruit vinegars, grape pit oil, plus grape pit flour and honey.

For all details, www.hirschmugl-domaene.at

As always, Enjoy!

ey Trevor Langl 20

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Short Story

The Secret Ingredient

By Jackie Brewster

Maureen and Colin watched helplessly as the Thermos flask slid from the table. It hit the kitchen floor with a dull crack.

“Christmas is ruined,” Colin said glumly.

“Christmas isn’t ruined.” Maureen reached for her glass to calm her nerves. “Not when there’s sherry.”

“Perhaps it’s saveable.” Colin gingerly picked up the Thermos flask and shook it. It sounded like wet gravel. “Natalie brought it,” he said.

Their guests, Colin’s dad, Maureen’s brother Derrick and his fiancée Natalie were patiently waiting in the dining room for their Christmas dinner. It was a family tradition for everyone to bring something for the meal. Colin’s dad had made the Christmas pudding, Derrick had brought crackers.

“What did she bring?” Maureen asked quietly.

“I’ve no idea,” Colin said, “she just handed me this when she came in.”

It was the first time Natalie had joined them for Christmas day, and the pressure to impress was on because she’d once been a guest on a cookery show on the local radio and never missed an opportunity to mention it.

“What did she say when she gave it to you?”

Maureen asked impatiently.

Colin thought for a moment. “She said it was shoes,” he said finally.

“It’s clearly not shoes though is it?” Exasperated, Maureen took another swig of her sherry. “What are we going to do now?” she said.

“What did you ask her to bring?” Colin said.

“I can’t remember, can I?” Maureen said. “Let’s look at what we’ve got and see what’s missing.”

They looked at the steaming dishes of food on

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the counter – turkey, stuffing, sprouts and roast potatoes.

“Can I help with anything?” Natalie poked her head around the kitchen door. “I thought I heard a crash.”

Colin and Maureen looked at each other in panic.

“So sorry Natalie, we’ve had a little accident,” Maureen confessed. “Colin’s dropped your Thermos flask.”

“It was only cheap,” Natalie laughed nervously.

“Just so long as the contents are alright.”

Colin shook the Thermos.

Natalie looked crestfallen.

“I could lend you a pair of slippers,” he offered.

Maureen nudged him in the ribs. “But my advice would be not to put your shoes in a Thermos in the first place.”

Natalie looked puzzled. “Not shoes, it’s jus,” she frowned, “to pour on the meal.”

“Do you mean gravy?” Maureen asked, astonished.

“I knew there was something missing!”

“I suppose some people call it that.” Natalie sounded offended. “We professional chefs call it jus.”

“Why didn’t you say?” Maureen laughed, refilling her glass. “Colin, get the jar of granules out of the pantry and I’ll whisk up some more.”

“But it was a special jus,” Natalie protested.

“What’s the key ingredients?” Colin asked as the kettle boiled.

Natalie blushed. “I used gravy granules,” she said quietly, “with a slug of sherry in it.”

“Didn’t I tell you Colin?” Maureen picked up the bottle. “Sherry to the rescue again!”

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Health

Digestive problems and how to overcome them

By Jackie Mitchell

Bloating, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhoea.

These are all common digestive problems that we all experience and usually they can be treated with ‘over the counter’ medicines.

Some conditions might be as a result of overindulging or eating the wrong food, but with Christmas round the corner, what can we do to avoid them?

With more of us working from home, it’s all too easy to eat a rushed sandwich in front of the computer, skip lunch altogether or grab a snack while preparing the kids’ tea. How you eat is a major consideration, as eating too quickly and not swallowing food properly can lead to digestive problems. As Roberta Baldo, nutritional therapist from Baldo & Mason says “Eat slowly. This allows time for the signals from the senses to get to the brain and stimulate the production of digestive enzymes, muscular contractions and other processes necessary for digestion, before the food arrives.”

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Digestive problems often settle down by themselves, but sometimes symptoms persist that could indicate other conditions, such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). According to The IBS Network, this affects over twelve million people in the UK. Classic symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, change in bowel habits, diarrhoea and constipation. Alison Reid, CEO, The IBS Network, says “It is a very individual condition and symptoms will vary for each person. Other symptoms can

include lethargy, nausea and backache. There is no specific cause for IBS but the most common risk factors are a gastroenteritis attack, a traumatic or upsetting event and courses of powerful antibiotics.”

Self-management is the key to living well with IBS, says Alison. “Once you have a better understanding of what is happening in your body you will be able to explore what treatments work best for you.

These include dietary and lifestyle changes, psychological therapies and medications – see your GP or pharmacist for advice.

These may be used together or on their own depending on the possible cause and severity of the condition.”

Managing general lifestyle and diet is vitally important when dealing with IBS, says Dr Simon Smale, consultant gastroenterologist and clinical director, Manchester University NHS Trust. “Small meals eaten often rather than one big meal at the end of the day,” he says. “Ensure you don’t drink too much caffeine and alcohol as they can have dire effects. If the condition is primarily diarrhoea, avoid the following foods – cauliflower, sprouts (yes even at Christmas), onions, garlic, chewing gum and diet drinks. For constipation sufferers, ensure you have enough fluid and eat enough fruit and vegetables.”

The festive season approaches so how can IBS sufferers ensure

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they can enjoy Christmas dinner and reduce the risk of an IBS flare up? The IBS Network suggests identifying your triggers (foods that lead to a flare up), choosing food and alcohol carefully, managing stress levels over Christmas and exercising.

With some careful forward planning you will really be able to enjoy Christmas mealtimes.

Happy Christmas!

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION www.baldoandmason.com www.theibsnetwork.org

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House of Colour

Colour Therapy this Christmas “Colour is life; …. Colours are the children of light, and light of their mother” (Johannes Itten ‘The Colour Journal’) I’m not a colour therapist but I certainly see the powerful effect colours can have on us. Whether it’s that magical moment seeing the right colours light up the face or the joy of hearing how much more confident clients feel in themselves when they look good. Colour can undoubtedly give us a boost.

Luckily for us Christmas is synonymous with the most versatile colour in the palette, red. We all look good in red, true red, primary red. It has an equal balance of blue and yellow and works with all our other shades in the palette (I do have some tiny caveats to that which anyone who has had a colour consultation will know, but release any need to worry about this). Embracing red is a great way to offer us a level of mood boost.

• A scarf, some red lipstick, start small and build up to it if you feel nervous about embracing it. It’s a great choice in a belt.

• Review how many colours you have in your wardrobe. Are you repeat buying the same hues,

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what’s missing? Most of us have 11 colours with 7 neutral shades. Can you beat that?

• Bring out your brighter shades – particularly when you don’t feel very bright. Experiment and see if this can change how you’re feeling. You might be surprised.

• Which neutrals could you put with your primary red? Black, grey and navy are often put with red but what about tan, brown and some lighter blues?

• Bring colour into your loungewear. If you’re spending more time in comfort clothing make it good, you deserve it. Embrace the joy that colour can bring to brighten up time spent at home.

• Give the gift of a colour consultation – find out those shades that really light you up inside an out!

Article by Jennie Billings House of Colour House of Colour has a network of stylists to help you update your look.

Find your nearest at houseofcolour.co.uk/find-a-stylist

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Local News

Oxygen Therapy May Help Long Covid Symptoms Long Covid has emerged as an ongoing condition whereby people who have contracted Covid-19 suffer the long term symptoms which sometimes persist for months.

Some estimates suggest that 10% of Covid patients may still be experiencing symptoms more than three weeks after infection, and perhaps 60,000 people could be suffering from Long Covid symptoms after more than three months. (Source: NHS) The symptoms reported included chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of sense of smell, and concentration difficulties.

These patients are not only those recovering from the severe form of the acute disease (requiring hospitalisation in an intensive care unit), but also those who had mild and moderate disease.

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Oxygen Therapy helps many people to fight extreme fatigue and concentration difficulties – often referred to as ‘brain fog’. In addition, it helps to fight infection and can enable quicker healing.

Our friendly, qualified team supervises your session and answers any queries you may have. We also explain how we provide Oxygen Therapy sessions as safely as possible.

To book your session please call us on 01462 684214 or email enquiries123@hmstc.net. (Or search ‘oxygen therapy herts’ to find out more about our Oxygen Therapy online.)

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Call us on

07743 172 393 or email: oxygen@hmstc.net 29

Beauty

By Kate Duggan

Gifted Inspiration

There’s something a little bit special about a beauty gift set. (And not just because you usually save money compared to buying the products separately.) Here’s our pick of some of the best sets this Christmas.

Bobbi Brown’s gift sets are always a treat and this year’s are no exception. Top of my list is the Must Have Essentials set. You get a make-up bag, full-size Pot Rouge Blusher and five minis, including a Luxe Lip Color in Neutral Rose and a Smokey Eye Mascara. Together, they’re worth £82, so the set is an absolute steal at £36.50; see www.bobbibrown.co.uk Buying for a teenager?

Organic Young’s My Skin Goals set is likely to be well-received. It features the Clear Skin Foaming Face Wash, Purifying Serum and Cleansing Moisturiser. Each product has been specifically designed with teen skin concerns in mind. Together, they help to tackle acne, soothe inflammation and keep skin healthy. Plus, each purchase supports the Born Free Foundation.

The set is £30 from www.greenpeople.co.uk Know someone who could do with a better night’s sleep? Treat them to Neal’s Yard Remedies’ Beauty Sleep Collection. It features the Beauty Sleep Foaming Bath Gel, Shower Oil, Body Lotion and Concentrate Serum, all of which smell heavenly and are designed to aid relaxation. It’s £40 from www.nealsyardremedies.com It can be tricky to find the perfect gift set, so a few brands now allow you to create your own. British brand Noble Isle is one of them. Select three or four products from its extensive range, and they’ll be popped into a

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gift box and posted out. And what a range to choose from… Personally, I love the spicy Fireside Bath & Shower Gel and the subtly floral Willow Song Body Lotion. The bespoke Trio set is £20 from www.nobleisle.com.

Liz Earle (www.lizearle.co.uk ) has outdone itself with its gift range this year. The packaging is lush and many of the sets come with festive tins or reusable bags. It’s hard to pick a favourite to be honest. If you’re looking for a stocking filler, The Joy Cleanse and Polish set (£12) is ideal. Buying for a man? You can’t go wrong with the Shower and Shave Collection (£30). And I’m personally lusting after the Together We Shine Haircare Set (£33).

I think we all deserve a bit of relaxation this Christmas. Open the Puressentiel Time to Unwind travel bag and you’ll find a Rest & Relax Air Spray, a Rest & Relax Massage Oil and a Stress Roll-on. Together, they use the power of essential oils to promote a feeling of calm, ease stress and tension, and aid relaxation. Bliss, at £20 from www.uk.puressentiel.com If you’re looking for a gift with the wow factor, try Rituals’ The Ritual of Ayurveda Rebalancing Collection. All four products (Foaming Shower Gel, Body Scrub, Body Cream and Mini Fragrance Sticks) smell amazing. They’re perfect for creating an at-home spa experience on Boxing Day and beyond. And as they come with a gift box and tag, you don’t even need to wrap them. It’s £39.90 from www.boots.co.uk

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Travel

Discovering Bath If you’re still not sold on travelling abroad this winter, choose to holiday closer to home with a city break in Bath, one of the UK’s national treasures.

After the year we’ve had, understandably many of us aren’t keen on travelling outside of the UK this winter – but that doesn’t mean you can’t book a holiday closer to home. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Bath is a great option for a UKbased city break, where luxurious spas, historical tales and awe-inspiring architecture are all part of the experience. Here’s what not to miss while you’re there.

The largest city in Somerset, Bath is easily accessible by rail or road for anyone living in England and Wales. But, if you did want to fly, Bristol Airport is only 20 miles away. Tempted? Here’s what not to miss while you’re there: Warm up in a thermal spa Bath is best known for housing one of the world’s best-preserved Roman bathhouses, a piece of history so important that it gave the city its name.

Naturally heated to around 46°C, the water comes from the city’s hot springs which are packed with over forty different healing minerals. After being discovered by Prince Bladud around 863 BC, these natural spring waters became a constant theme throughout the city’s history.

The original Roman baths are no longer safe for swimming, but you can still book a tour around the temple and bathing complex. If you do fancy a dip, the Thermae Bath Spa is right next door and uses the same mineral-rich water, treated to make it safe for public use. There’s no better place to warm up this winter; indulge in a treatment or two before bathing in the rooftop pool, drinking in the views of the surrounding cityscape.

By Solange Hando

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Walk in Jane Austen’s shoes For any Jane Austen fan, Bath will conjure up images of the style and sophistication of the 1800s. Not only did the author live here for five years, but she also used the city as a setting for two of her novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion.

You can learn more about her time in Bath at the Jane Austen Centre, where guides in period costumes and a Regency tearoom really help bring her stories to life.

Take an architectural tour Walking through Bath will take you on a journey through centuries of architectural art.

After taking a liking to Bath during the eighteenth century, the Georgians built much of the city you’ll see today. They used the famous Bath limestone to construct elaborate buildings, including Circus, the Assembly Rooms and the Pump Rooms. The Royal Crescent is an absolute must-see: this beautiful, curved row of thirty Georgian terraces is probably Bath’s most impressive piece of architecture.

Visit some museums Bath is a treasure chest of museums and galleries; you’d need a week to visit them all! Two of the most famous are The Fashion Museum, home to over 100,000 items of clothing and footwear, and The Museum of Bath Architecture, the best place to learn about the city’s distinctive Georgian structures.

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Local News

Ways to support East Anglian Air Ambulance this Christmas 2020 has been an incredibly eventful year and one which none of us will forget in a hurry. It has also been the year that EAAA has enjoyed being Charity of the Year at The Villager. From everyone at EAAA, we’d like to take this opportunity to say thank you and hope that you have found these monthly articles insightful and inspiring.

Not many people realise that EAAA doesn’t receive regular government funding and is almost completely community funded. Some other fun facts about this life-saving charity are: on average, it costs £3,500 per mission, EAAA’s doctor and critical care paramedic teams help almost 2,000 patients a year and the charity is 24/7 by rapid response vehicle from both of its bases.

EAAA has remained operational throughout the pandemic and been active in the Covid-19 response.

Once again, its teams are prepared to support hospitals in the region if they reach capacity in intensive care, by transferring critically ill patients, by land ambulance, to other hospitals with more room.

In order to keep flying and achieve its ambition of becoming the first helicopter emergency medical service in the East of England to fly 24/7 next year, helping hundreds more people, the charity need to raise £13 million, annually.

Thanks to the incredible support of the local community, despite what has been a very challenging year for everyone, EAAA is very grateful to have met this target in ‘19/20. However, it is forecasting a loss over the next year of over one and a half million pounds, and to have to use its reserves to keep its yellow helicopters flying and saving lives. If you can, please do something to help support this incredible local lifeline.

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How can you help? Together we save lives.

There are a number of ways you can safely help EAAA over the festive period. Just visit www.eaaa.org.uk for more information on the following: 1. Attend EAAA’s virtual Christmas Carol concert on Thursday 10 December from the comfort of your own home. Tickets are available for a suggested £5 donation.

2. Support the EAAA crews this Christmas by buying them a virtual gift, such as the gift of reaching people or a blizzard blanket to help keep a patient warm.

3. Having a Christmas Light display this year? Choose to support EAAA and they will support you with a unique contactless donation poster to help keep you safe.

4. Order your Christmas cards and gifts from EAAA’s online shop. Please note, you will need to order by 10 December for delivery in time for Christmas.

5. Buy your Christmas tree from The Christmas Tree Firm in Cambridgeshire and they will donate £1 per tree to EAAA. www.thechristmastreefirm.co.uk Give a gift with a difference? Why not buy a year’s subscription to EAAA’s life-saving lottery as a gift for a loved one for £52. To order, please call: 03450 669 999 and quote The Villager.

Thank you for taking the time to read this article.

Everyone at The Villager and EAAA are wishing you a very safe and merry Christmas this year, however you’re able to mark the occasion.

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Motoring

Six health conditions drivers

must declare to the DVLA The DVLA requires drivers to inform it of certain illnesses – and they aren’t always obvious.

If you suffer from illnesses that could affect your ability to drive, you’re required by the DVLA to inform them.

However, while some might be quite obvious, the DVLA has a list of health conditions that you might be surprised to learn put you at risk of a £1,000 fine if you don’t declare them.

Car hire comparison site StressFreeCarRental has scoured the full list of conditions to find the less obvious ones you should know about…

Diabetes If you have diabetes that is treated by insulin, and the insulin treatments last more than three months, you must inform the DVLA. This also applies to gestational diabetes, or if you are at risk of low blood sugar, known as hypoglycaemia.

Vertigo While most people associate vertigo with being at height, this is specifically known as ‘height vertigo’.

Regular vertigo sufferers can get attacks anywhere, making it feel like the world around them is spinning.

If you suffer from sudden, disabling, or recurrent vertigo you must tell the DVLA. Déjà vu This is something mostly written off as an odd feeling that you’ve been somewhere before, but it can be much more serious. The DVLA must be

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informed if you suffer from seizures or epilepsy that causes déjà vu.

Sleep apnoea Obstructive sleep apnoea is a condition that causes the throat to relax and narrow during sleep, which can cause difficulty breathing. It’s one of a number of sleeping disorders that the DVLA must be told about, including narcolepsy and cataplexy.

Labyrinthitis Labyrinthitis has nothing to do with mazes – it’s actually an inner ear condition that causes dizziness, nausea and loss of hearing. Since all of these things could affect your ability to drive, you must inform the DVLA if you have it.

Heart palpitations This condition results in the sufferer becoming more aware of their heartbeat, which may feel like it’s pounding or fluttering, or perhaps beating irregularly.

While the NHS says they are usually not a sign of something serious, the DVLA requires you to declare if you regularly suffer from them.

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Finance

Be canny with credit cards Taking out a credit card to pay off a credit card might seem insane at first glance. But that’s exactly what a 0% balance transfer card is all about – as long as you use it the right way. It’s a strategy that’s absolutely not for everyone, but could be worth a look if you have good organisational skills, self-control and a decent credit record.

You may come across two types of card, known as a balance transfer card and a money transfer card. Both work in a similar way: when you take out the card the new lender will pay money into an account you already have. You won’t have to pay any interest on this amount to the new lender as long as you pay it back by a set date, often twelve to eighteen months later.

The difference is where the money goes. A balance transfer card means the money goes straight towards reducing or clearing your outstanding balance on another credit card. A money transfer card means the money goes into your bank account, reducing or clearing your overdraft. (There’s no point using a money transfer card if your bank account is in the black.)

Using a transfer card doesn’t reduce your debt.

However, it does give you breathing space during which you can put more of your spare money into clearing the debt rather than having it eaten up by interest.

Of course, the deal comes with a couple of catches, which answer the question of what’s in it for the company issuing the new card. The first is that you’ll usually have to pay a fee up front when you take out the card. This will usually be something up to three percent of the amount you are transferring. Though this may seem a small sum, bear in mind this payment is a fee and doesn’t reduce your debt.

The second catch is that the lenders issue such cards in the hope that you don’t simply pay off the outstanding debt before the end of the interest-free period. Instead they hope you’ll take advantage of the fact you can make purchases or withdraw cash

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on the balance transfer card just like any other credit card. This spending is not at 0% but rather will usually carry a high interest rate. Meanwhile, any of the transfer money that you haven’t repaid at the end of the interest free period will begin racking up interest at the card’s ‘standard’ rate, which is usually pretty uncompetitive.

So, how to make the most of such cards? Firstly, avoid them unless you are confident you will at best clear the balance and at worst make a significant dent in it before the interest-free period ends.

Next, make sure you never use the card other than to arrange the transfer. To avoid temptation, don’t activate or register it. You could even cut it up. It’s usually best to cancel the card once you’ve cleared the debt.

Make certain you always make the minimum payment each month, preferably through a direct debit. Usually if you ever miss the minimum payment, the interestfree deal is immediately void and the card starts racking up interest right away.

Whenever possible, make a manual payment that’s slightly higher than the minimum payment each month. Any time you only make a minimum payment will show up on your credit history and could be viewed negatively by lenders.

It may be worth avoiding taking out such cards if you’re planning on getting a mortgage (or remortgaging) in the medium term. Lenders may see multiple cards on your credit report and assume you aren’t managing your money well.

Look for online eligibility calculators. These will give you an idea of which cards you are most likely to be approved for, reducing the risk of being turned down or having to make multiple applications, again something that could hurt your credit record.

Finally, take note that you can’t usually do a balance or money transfer between cards or accounts operated by the same lender or by lenders in the same banking group. You may need to check these groupings as they aren’t always obvious.

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Garden View

By Rachael Leverton

Hard-working Ivy The Holly and the Ivy, When they are both full grown, Of all the trees that are in the wood, The Holly bears the crown.

Holly is much coveted festive greenery but what about ivy, or Hedera to give it the botanical name? It makes up the trio of festive plants, the other being mistletoe, and frankly it’s usually seen as a bit of a poor relation, misunderstood and mostly unloved.

Yet ivy is a great workhorse in the garden. It’s evergreen, it attracts wildlife and is excellent on those north-facing walls and fences where nothing else seems to grow. It’s not just a dark green cloak either; there are many cultivars with different leaf shapes and variegated foliage. The variegated varieties are great in those areas that catch just a little sunlight during part of the day as they suddenly seem to illuminate a usually dull spot.

Ivy is great for disguising an ugly wall, a bare fence, or an old tree stump. It’s a reliable and self-clinging climber if you choose the right variety and remember to prune it correctly. The young climbing stems are slender and flexible with small aerial roots that fix the shoot to a surface. Adult stems are thicker, self-supporting and do not have roots. Unlike mistletoe ivy isn’t parasitic so won’t harm trees but be careful about letting it grow on the walls of your house as it will damage weak mortar and pebbledash.

If growing on a property it needs to be clipped back in spring and summer, so it doesn’t do any damage

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to structure underneath. Don’t let it get into gutters because it will clog them then infiltrate under tiles or slates.

Ivy is excellent ground cover. It will scramble over areas of poor soil and brighten the ground between shrubs during the dark winter months. Persian ivy, Hedera colchica ‘Dentata Variegata’, is lovely because of its large, yellow-edged leaves. Hedera canariensis ‘Gloire de Marengo’ is also good. Its red stems and large leaves with splashes of yellow looks rather splendid. If you need an area covered quickly try Hedera Hibernica, which is a vigorous native ivy.

Hedera helix is the other native ivy and this one has numerous cultivars including Goldheart, which has yellow-centred leaves, Green Ripple, with frilly edged leaves and ‘Buttercup’ which is bright yellow.

If you love to support the wildlife in your garden, then ivy is a terrific plant. During autumn and early winter adult ivies produce small greenish-yellow flowers. These are especially rich in nectar so attract bees, butterflies, hoverflies, and other insects, providing them with a place to overwinter. Birds like thrushes, blackbirds and robins enjoy the purple black berries which ripen from late winter to mid-spring, providing a much-needed winter food source.

I hope I’ve made a good case for growing ivy in your garden. Holly might bear the crown, but I reckon ivy deserves a tiara at the very least!

Happy Gardening & Merry Christmas

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Snow and Ice

1. What type of animal is Snowball in the George Orwell novel Animal Farm?

2. What three flavours make up Neapolitan ice cream?

3. What dance gave a band called The Snowmen a UK top 20 hit single in 1981?

4. Which former Wimbledon tennis champion was nicknamed the “Ice Maiden”?

5. According to the Met Office, precipitation falls as snow when the air temperature is below how many degrees Celsius?... a) two; b) zero; or c) minus two?

6. The Titanic left Southampton on its maiden voyage in 1912 on April 10th. On what date did it hit the iceberg?

7. What was the title of the 2012 sequel to the 1982 animated TV special The Snowman?... a) The Snowman And The Snowboy b) The Snowman And The Snowdog c) The Snowman And The Snowmouse 8. What symbol appears on the UK road sign that warns of a risk of ice?

9. Based on a story called The Snow Queen, what was the world’s highestgrossing film of 2013?

10. Which two planets in the Solar System are often referred to as the “ice giants”?

1. A pig 2. Vanilla, strawberry and chocolate 3. The Hokey Cokey 4. Chris Evert 5. a) two 6. April 14th 7. b) The Snowman And The Snowdog 8. A snowflake 9. Frozen 10. Neptune and Uranus

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45

Gardening

By Pippa Greenwood

How many kinds of sweet flowers grow…

The quintessentially English country garden has classic, timeless appeal, and although easier to achieve in the countryside can still be recreated at least in part in town.

Shrubs make a great backdrop so choose a range of different shapes, textures and shades of leaf colour for that cottage garden feel. For best effect choose mainly or all deciduous shrubs with just a few evergreens.

A wooden or metal gate painted white gives the right feel, and when smart, traditional-look fixings and fixtures are painted contrasting black, the look is complete.

In a country-style garden the combination of a wide range of types of flower in an even wider range of colours is perfect. Contrasting colours look great as long as there is plenty of greenery in-between.

Plant loosely and almost randomly in drifts, with no straight lines anywhere, to give beds and borders a country style, whatever their size. Allow plants to grow closer together so there is no bare earth, and when planting a bed from scratch use hardy annuals to fill in any gaps while the main plants grow, to create a wall-to-wall carpet of colour.

Plants in pots add seasonal splashes of colour, so include temporary plants such as brightly coloured pelargoniums and geraniums or longer-term plants such as bulbs and small shrubs. Choose a pot with an informal, rounded shape, rather than anything too geometric or modern; a terracotta pot works a treat.

Have a range of heights in the flower borders, basically with smaller plants in front and the largest

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at the back, but add in tall, slim plants throughout to add colour, interest and height variation without blocking your view of their smaller neighbours. The classic choice for this is the purple-flowered Verbena bonariensis.

A wall made from brick or stone make a perfect boundary. A drystone wall with variations in the grey and brownish colours of the stone looks great in all weathers, and you can grow plants such as house leeks in some of the crevices.

If your garden needs steps, choose stone. It is long-lasting, withstands hard frosts and needs no preservative treatments. Combined with a wall of the same material, steps like this almost look natural, particularly when laid slightly unevenly.

Ivy is perfect for covering up unattractive features such as an ugly wall. It grows rapidly and is a useful wildlife habitat, but don’t allow it to grow out of control.

Maximise planting opportunities with containers made from natural materials such as terracotta.

Positioned on top of a wall they’ll mark the boundary well and bring seasonal colour. Swap the plants around at summer’s end and use winter-flowering pansies for colour throughout the year.

Plant small, compact plants along the edges of paths and steps to add colour and interest. Small saxifrages look great but won’t swamp the steps either!

Visit Pippa’s website (www.pippagreenwood.com) to book Pippa for a gardening talk at your gardening club or as an after-dinner speaker.

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Wildlife

Robin Redbreast

How the robin came to symbolise Christmas Think of winter in the garden and you’ll most likely think of a robin. Think of Christmas cards and you’ll probably think of the same.

Why do robins have such a strong association with winter?

There is actually an increase in robin numbers during the winter months. They migrate from Scandinavia, Russia and Europe swelling the ranks of our resident robins when the days become too cold and food becomes scarce in their own countries.

There are several legends relating robins to winter and Christmas in particular.

The first legend hails from Victorian times, when the tradition of sending Christmas cards started.

Royal Mail postmen of the time wore bright red uniforms, which earned them the nickname of ‘robin’ or ‘redbreast’. Victorian artists usually illustrated Christmas cards with pictures relating to the delivery of letters, such as post-boxes and postmen. Eventually artists began to play on this word association and postman ‘robin’ was

By Tracey Anderson exchanged for the familiar little brown and red bird, who began to appear in illustrations, sometimes delivering the letters. Middle class Victorians loved all things sentimental and charming, so the trend caught on and continues to this day, with the robin adorning everything from wrapping paper to Christmas jumpers.

Even before the Victorian era, robins had a strong association with the traditional Christmas story and Christianity. In one tale, it is said that when Mary was giving birth to baby Jesus in the stable, she noticed the fire Joseph had lit was in danger of going out. Suddenly, a small brown bird appeared and started flapping its wings in front of the fire, fanning the embers, and causing it to roar back to life. As the bird flew around tending to the fire, a stray ember made its way towards the tiny creature, scorching its breast bright red. Mary declared that the red breast was a sign of the bird’s kind heart, which would be passed on to its descendants to wear proudly ever after.

There are also Celtic-based tales which link the robin with wintertime. One tells of the feud between the wren, known as the Holly King of Winter, and the robin who was known as the Oak King of Summer. The Holly King was driven away by the Oak King on the Winter Solstice, and the robin took his rightful place. However, on the Summer Solstice, the Holly King gets to take his revenge, and the wren replaces the robin. This story repeats every year and represents the changing of the seasons. It was probably told by way of explaining why we see more robins during the winter months.

Whatever the truth, the robin is a beautiful cheery symbol of this time of year, and if you can spare a little food, particularly meal worms, and some water, he will reward you by visiting your garden daily.

Happy Christmas 50

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Pets

Our Annual Review – The Best Bits (Part 1) As a member of the RSPCA I receive a beautiful publication called ‘The Annual Review’. Contained within the pages are heart-warming stories detailing the incredible work the staff and volunteers carried out in 2019. I learned about some of the animals that have been rescued and rehomed. Expert teams who have rehabilitated animals so that they can be released or rehomed. I read of the education programmes taking place in our schools. In addition, there are several reports about the research, campaigns and new initiatives that are being undertaken by the RSPCA around the UK. Over the next two months, I want to share some of my favourite stories, events, facts and figures from 2019 with you. To give you a unique insight into the amazing work of the RSPCA. “Animal Heroes Save Frosty” - A heart-warming tale of compassion, team work and determination. An RSPCA rescue team was called out to save a young pony who had slipped down a muddy riverbank. With the help of London Fire Brigade and an equine vet they were able to get straps under him and winch him to safety.

Amazingly, he was able to get to his feet and was taken for veterinary treatment. Frosty was taken to RSPCA Leybourne Animal Centre as nobody came forward to claim him. He made a full recovery, and after his rehabilitation he was rehomed.

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“Cliff Top Rescue” – A dog walker discovered a young seal pup that had become stranded at the top of a 50m high sea cliff in Pembrokeshire. The pup, who was thought to be one month old, was underweight and had some wounds on her body. The wonderful team at RSPCA Stapeley Grange Wildlife Centre in Nantwich, used their skills and expertise to rehabilitate the young pup back to full health and released her back to her coastal habitat.

“Oil-Stricken Falcon Saved” – An incredible story of a peregrine falcon discovered on Caldey Island near Tenby covered in thick oil. RSPCA Cymru concluded that due to his appearance he must have been suffering for some time. The falcon received urgent treatment at a centre in Sommerset and needed a lengthy period of rehabilitation with their wildlife experts. After some time he was released back into the wild.

“A Second Chance For Jack” – A beautiful chestnut gelding called Jack had been abandoned at a stables in South Wales. After many months of rehabilitation and care, Jack was ready to be adopted. His new owner, Tina was so grateful that his carers had transformed him into a wonderful horse. Tina explained how adopting Jack was the best decision she’d ever made. She was so eager to find a companion for her own horse, who had become very lonely and unhappy.

New initiatives and campaigns made up a significant part of the annual review. The inspiring RSPCA Chesterfield & North Derbyshire Branch teamed up with Pets At Home to open a ‘cat adoption lounge’.

This new initiative enabled customers who were perhaps considering adoption, to actually meet the cats available for rehoming while they were out shopping. Within the first two months 12 cats had found new loving homes! Such a fantastic idea.

If you need to contact our Branch (North Bedfordshire) for any reason we can be reached by the details below, or for an animal welfare issue or emergency, contact; 0300 1234 999.

Lines are open 7 days a week 24/7.

Email: info@rspcabedsnorth.org.uk Tel: 01234 266965 / 01234 930304

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Baking

1

Cinnamon Stars Perfect for a festive sweet treat or a lovely edible Christmas gift these spiced star cookies can be kept in an airtight container for up to two weeks.

Makes 20 - Ready in 1 hour, plus chilling and cooling Ingredients 2 medium egg whites 175g icing sugar 250g finely ground roasted hazelnuts 50g mixed peel, finely chopped 1 tbsp ground cinnamon 1 Using an electric handheld mixer, whisk the egg whites in a clean, grease-free bowl until holding stiff peaks. Stir in the icing sugar until thoroughly combined then continue to whisk until thick and glossy.

2 Remove 40g of this mixture and set aside.

Fold the hazelnuts, mixed peel and cinnamon into the remaining mixture to make a very stiff dough. Chill in the fridge for 1 hour.

3 Preheat the oven to 140C, 120C fan, gas mark 1. Line 2 baking sheets with baking paper. Roll the dough out on a surface heavily dusted with icing sugar to a 1cm thickness.

4 Using a 5cm star-shaped cookie cutter stamp out about 20 stars, re-rolling the dough as needed until it is all used up. Place the stars on the baking sheet, well-spaced apart.

Spread a little of the reserved egg white and icing sugar mixture on top of each star.

5 Bake for 25 minutes or until the cookies are still white and crisp on top but slightly soft underneath. Turn off the oven, open the oven door and leave the cookies to dry out for 15 minutes then transfer to a wire rack and leave to cool completely.

TIP - Dust the cookie cutter with icing sugar frequently to prevent the mixture sticking.

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IF YOU’RE LOOKING FOR A HIGH-QUALITY KITCHEN MAKEOVER FOR UP TO 50% LESS THAN A NEW FULLY FITTED KITCHEN, WHY NOT PAY A VISIT TO DREAM DOORS EAST HERTS SHOWROOM IN WARE Highly-experienced owners Carly and Tom promise you a warm welcome.

More importantly they will help you design and create your ideal kitchen using our impressive range of highquality products and can typically reface your kitchen in as little as two to three days.

Dream Doors is the UK’s #1 kitchen makeover specialist and we take the hassle out of your kitchen revamp from the very beginning.

Once we’ve arranged a free, no obligation visit to your home - at a time that’s convenient for you we will measure up your kitchen.

Our experienced kitchen designers can then talk you through our extensive range of products and help you narrow down your selection.

No matter if your style is traditional, contemporary, exclusive, modern or classic we have a range of doors and worktops that will suit you and your style.

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By Kate McCarthy

Entertainment

Festive Films you’ve (probably) never heard of Every year we rely on a handful of our favourite Christmas movie staples. There’s nothing like getting cosy with a perfect mug of hot chocolate and immersing ourselves in It’s a Wonderful Life, or Elf to set the tone of the season.

Usually Christmas films provide a break from all the frantic festivities, a little welcome downtime. Well in 2020 we’ve had almost nothing BUT downtime and let’s face it we probably watched most of our festive film playlist back when Halloween was cancelled. But I have three wonderful festive film suggestions you may never have seen in your life, or perhaps you’ve simply forgotten them. Enjoy.

29th Street - This terrific comedy drama from 1991 is actually set in 1976. It involves a lucky Italian American son, his unlucky hard-working father, the Mob, and a lottery ticket. It’s an underrated gem. Thank me later.

Meet John Doe - This predates It’s a Wonderful Life by a few years but is funnier and equal in its feel-good factor.

Introduce your teens to Garry Cooper and watch them swoon.

Brazil - If you like your comedy black and dystopian this is the movie for you. Terry Gilliam’s Brazil is not just a Christmas movie, it’s a Christmas movie for the little people; those of us trying to get by in a world gone temporarily more insane than usual without actually succumbing to insanity. Perfect for 2020 then!

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Codeword 1

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ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Easy Sudoku

Hard Sudoku

Fill in the grid so that each row, column and 3x3 box, contains the digits 1 through to 9 with no repetition. Use your logic to solve the puzzles.

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WINDOW REPAIRS

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Local News

Above & Beyond Cancer Foundation Above & Beyond Cancer Foundation (A&BCF) is a charity that has been operating in the Bedfordshire and surrounding areas since October 2013. It was established by two local women, who were strangers, until a cancer diagnosis in May 2009, brought them together. Through their treatment they found that there were many gaps in support, especially for those that could not attend support groups. Some people found it difficult to find time to travel to support groups and others feel uncomfortable in group settings. Above & Beyond Cancer Foundation’s mantra is Personal Support, through Personal Experience.

A&BCF is committed to providing a safe and confidential space where patients can talk to someone, who has experienced the cancer journey, on a 1:1 basis.

The hope is to offer a comforting and listening ear to help people through difficult times.

For cancer patients, the pandemic has left many without support and A&BCF are committed to providing as much support as possible.

Have you or a loved one been diagnosed with cancer during these challenging times? Do you or do they feel helpless or isolated?

Please do not hesitate to get in touch on 07812008103.

Should you wish to fundraise or donate to a local charity helping local people please visit their Virgin Money Giving Page or should you know a local business that would like to support a local charity, please get in touch on the above number.

A&BCF is a registered charity in England & Wales (1173983) Facebook: Above & Beyond Cancer Foundation Twitter: @abbedfordshire www.above-beyond.org

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Time of Year

The Science of Snowflakes Are you dreaming of a white Christmas? Have you ever given any thought to the science behind the snow?

The ice crystals that make up snowflakes are patterned symmetrically because frozen water molecules arrange themselves in predetermined spaces known as crystallization, to form a six-sided snowflake.

The basic shape of the ice crystal is partly due the temperature at which it forms, and to a lesser extent, partly due to the humidity of the air. Thus, we see long needle-like crystals at -5C and flat plate-like crystals at -15C. The intricate shape of a single arm of the snowflake is determined by the atmospheric conditions experienced by entire ice crystal as it falls. A crystal might begin to grow arms in one manner, and then seconds later, a slight change in the surrounding temperature or

By Louise Addison humidity causes the crystal to grow in a different way.

Although a snowflake is always six-sided and the arms may branch off in new directions, because each arm experiences the same atmospheric conditions, the arms look identical.

Individual snowflakes are all unique because they all follow slightly different paths from the sky to the ground and thus encounter slightly different atmospheric conditions along the way. So, they all tend to look different, resembling everything from prisms and needles to tiny lace doilies.

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ROGERSONS

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Electrician

www.hertsandbedselectrical.co.uk

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• interior/exterior - all aspects Do you find it difficult to get someone to come and do a small job?

Fault finding/repairs Extra lights and sockets New fuse boards Electrical testing and certificates Qualified electrician  Fully insured Reliable service  Tidy work Free quote  Satisfaction guaranteed

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• wallpaper hanging • coving • general household maintenance • plastering services available • free estimates • fully insured

References available t: 01462 817 122 m: 07899 888 545 e: go_on_james@hotmail.com www.cullippaintinganddecorating.co.uk 10 Mill Lane, Campton, Shefford, Beds

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Window Doctor Repairs to Windows, Doors & Conservatories • • • • • • •

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Technology

Your Christmas tech checklist Many of the gifts we give or get at Christmas are gadgets, and that means Santa has a few things to think about in the days before the big day. For example, if the kids have asked him for a games console it’s highly likely that the console will need to download a big software update before it can play online; the worst possible time to do that download is on Christmas morning when everybody else in your street is trying to do the same. If you can, connect any new console to the internet in advance so there’s no delay before the kids can play.

Another good idea is to prepare a bit of paper with your Wi-Fi details and password on it: from Amazon Echo speakers to Apple iPads and even many kids’ toys, a Wi-Fi connection is needed for them to work. Digging out the details in advance will speed things up considerably on the day.

It’s worth looking out any USB-ready charger plugs (such as from iPhones or Kindle Fire tablets), because to help reduce electronic waste many USBpowered devices will come with a cable but not the plug it connects to.

And of course, it’s a very good idea to check what batteries any gadgets, toys or remote controllers are going to need. If you don’t already have one, a battery charger with a couple of sets of AA and AAA rechargeable batteries will come in very handy in the next few days.

Last but not least, we’d recommend having a multi-tool or a screwdriver set and some really good scissors handy.

We’ve found that many kids’ toys come screwed to the packaging or require very small crosshead screwdrivers to open their battery compartments, and others come in extremely strong clear plastic that’s very hard to open.

PlayStation 5 The next-generation PlayStation is big, beautiful and it isn’t quite as expensive as we feared: the standard version is £449 and the disk-free digital version is £359. £449, Very.co.uk

Dyson Supersonic If your time is money, then Dyson’s high-tech hairdryer will pay for itself very quickly: not only does it make your hair look amazing, but it does it in an amazingly short time too. £299, Boots.com

Apple Watch The Apple Watch is the best smartwatch ever made. There are now three watches to choose from, starting at £199 for the Series 3 and rising to £399 for the Series 6. £199, Apple.com

Fitbit Sense If you or your loved one is a fitness fan, the new Fitbit Versa adds clever new features to its tried-and-tested fitness tracking, including EKG, temperature sensing and even stress sensing. £299, Fitbit.com Oculus Quest 2 This is very geeky, we know, but the Facebookowned Oculus Quest delivers an incredible virtual reality experience without wires or the need for a computer. £299, Oculus.com

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Alan George Painter & Decorator Interior and Exterior Work Wallpapering and Coving Reliable and Local Specialist City & Guilds trained with 30 years experience Sole trader No VAT Free estimates Call Alan on 01582 454604 Mob:07760198256 or E-Mail: george-a6@sky.com

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Crossword Puzzle Solution from our November Edition Last Month’s Crossword Winner - Jill Cotterell from Stevenage

November’s Codeword and Sudoku Solutions

Easy

Hard

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Win ÂŁ100 in our The winner will be drawn at random from the correct completed entries.

Christmas Crossword

ACROSS 1 Used for measuring (4) 3 Goes before (8) 9 Against (7) 10 Removes sensation (5) 11 Immediate environment (12) 14 Uncooked (3) 16 Edition (5) 17 To colour (3) 18 Very keen (12) 21 Not dead (5) 22 European country (7) 23 Simultaneously (8) 24 Happy (4)

DOWN 1 Item of clothing (8) 2 Writing material (5) 4 Stick, cane (3) 5 Significant (12) 6 Broken (7) 7 Type of window (4)

8 Amazement (12) 12 Birds dwellings (5) 13 Received gladly (8) 15 Not losing (7) 19 Spin around (5) 20 Sour (4) 22 Farewell (3)

Complete the crossword, fill in your details below, and send your entry to: Prize Crossword, Villager Publications Ltd 24 Market Square, Potton, Beds SG19 2NP Closing date: 16th December 2020 Name: Address: 74

Tel:

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Books

The Gift of a Great Book Books to give, add to your wish list or just treat yourself to…

By Kate Duggan

The Thursday Murder Club

By Richard Osman

The Boy Who Grew Dragons

by Andy Shepherd

Oliver’s Britain

By Oliver Hellowell

Flavour

By Yotam Ottolenghi and Ixta Belfrage

Retirees Elizabeth, Joyce, Ibrahim and Ron have a unique set of skills that they put to good use solving old murder cases. So when a real murder takes place rather close to home, the four are well placed to find the killer.

Funny, warm and with a twist every minute, The Thursday Murder Club will keep readers guessing right until the end. Best of all, a sequel is already in the pipeline. .

From roadside poppies and native wildlife to lochs, lakes and waterfalls, the photos that grace the pages of this coffee table book are a sight to behold.

Oliver has Down’s Syndrome and a natural gift for spotting the perfect shot. Alongside the photos are quotes from Oliver and some of his many fans. A great present for people who enjoy a good ramble through the British countryside. .

Word Perfect: Etymological Entertainment for Every Day of the Year

By Susie Dent

If you’re buying for someone who loves nothing more than spending a couple of hours in the kitchen cooking up a storm, this is the gift for them. It is not, however, a cookery book for beginners or those wanting to whip up a quick and easy dish. The ingredients aren’t always easy to come by and most of the recipes are experimental to say the least. The dishes are not always vegetarian, but fruit, vegetables or fungi are the star ingredients, and often used in rather surprising ways. Lime and Coconut Potato Gratin anyone?

My Garden World

By Monty Don

Ever wondered who the original Jack the lad was? Or where a phrase like ‘turn a blind eye’ came from? Susie Dent has been a regular expert on Countdown for twenty-five years. In Word Perfect, she reveals the story behind some well-known words and phrases and introduces the reader to a whole load of new ones. (Personally, I might start calling a hankie by its Victorian slang name – a snottinger.)

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Looking for a book for a seven to nine year old? The Boy Who Grew Dragons is likely to be appeal to even reluctant readers.

Tomas discovers an unusual plant when he’s helping out in his grandparents’ garden. It turns out to be a dragon fruit tree and the fruit is about to hatch. Before long, Tomas is learning all about his new pet, from the fact it loves broccoli to the unfortunate fact that dragon poo is highly explosive.

Wildlife fans will adore My Garden World, which is basically Monty Don’s personal homage to the birds, insects and other creatures that share his garden. The book is packed with interesting nuggets of information about British wildlife and is a real pleasure to read (particularly when sat in the garden with a cuppa). If you want to really earn some brownie points, team it with a few packets of wildflower seeds and a pair of binoculars.

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Washing Machines • Tumble Dryers Electric Ovens/Cookers • Dishwashers No Call Out Charge!

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