SUBMITTED BY VINAY KUMAR, ROLL NO. – 1130100362, SECTION – A,B.ARCH SEM - XIII.
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BRICK FACADES
A Report
Submitted by
VINAY KUMAR Reg: No: 1130100362
B. Arch IV Year
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE VIJAYAWADA MAY 2017
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.
INTRODUCTION
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2.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
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3.
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
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4.
DATA USED
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5.
ANALYSIS
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6.
RESULTS
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7.
CONCLUSIONS
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8.
REFERENCES
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iv INTRODUCTION “Architecture starts when you carefully put two bricks together. There it begins.” Mies van der Rohe’s words succinctly allude to the raw, fundamental qualities of masonry that have made it one of architecture’s most loved building materials. From Louis Khan to Frank Lloyd Wright, some of the greatest architects of the past century have captured the collective imagination of the world with their remarkable uses of brick, creating some truly iconic buildings with the most humble of mediums. Despite its ancient origins, the varied texture, color and shape of brick causes architects to continuously explore new and unexpected applications that harness this versatile material for the evolving needs of clients. Many of the façades featured can teach us how brick can be utilized to create a building envelope full of color, texture and formal delight. Here, we explore some approaches adopted by architects in recent times that channel the spirit of the classics while providing a modern twist.
PROBLEM STATEMENT Bricks are a versatile and durable building and construction material, with good loadbearing properties, high thermal mass and potential low energy impact and cost effective. And it is cheaply available in nature. In the case of simple earth bricks such as adobe and CEBs, they measure high on the sustainability index, being made from locally available (and abundant) materials of clay, sand, and water. There are many variable materials available in market for exterior finishing's but most people are surprised that typically the cost of bricks on a new detached property cost around 4.2 Lac. That is less than 3% of the overall build cost and much less than most people spend on the average kitchen. From the way the building looks, to the feel the build exudes, to how it fits in with its surroundings, the use of the right facade can have a major impact on the end aesthetic of a construction. Rather increasing the project cost for different, heavy exterior façade materials, the common construction material BRICK can be used properly to get higher benefits in construction. In this paper we discuss how bricks can used and innovatively applied in construction fields.
OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the article is to reduce the construction costs of the buildings in the name of exteriors facade treatments.
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Various Applications of bricks in construction field.
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Different outputs that we can achieved with bricks.
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Brick facade treatments
DATA USED 1. The Twisting Veil South Asian Human Rights Documentation Centre by Anagram Architects, Delhi, India Harnessing the flexibility of bricks as rotatable modules, Anagram Architects conceived an elevation that allows for ample natural ventilation while reducing noise and providing shade from the intense heat of the Indian sun. Designed for clients with limited resources, the use of brick was ideal for the creation of a highly complex façade at reasonably low cost. The construction of wall A six brick module is laid in staggered courses that create twirling vertical stacks and an undulating surface. From verification of plumbness to the structural bonding of the brick courses, methods of brick laying were devised through a deep on site collaboration between the masons and the architects.
vi 2. The Rippled Skin Mulberry House by SHoP Architects, New York City, United States Located on a street corner in Manhattan’s stylish NoLita neighborhood, SHoP Architect’s black bricks illustrate how a subtle articulation of this material can channel light and shade for a striking architectural aesthetic. The faceted panels are not load-bearing, instead wrapping the building as a contemporary skin that pays tribute to the historic brick façades of the area.
vii 3. The Singular Chasm Pabellón Agrícola Almazara Santurde by Barcena and Zufiaur Arquitectos, Santurde, Spain This olive oil factory in Northern Spain illustrates how brick can also be used to create distinctive architecture via simple massing and a strong silhouette: the two primary functions of the building are housed within two homogenous volumes split by a single void. These windowless brick façades look solid and smooth from afar but possess a subtle textured quality that provides an added element of richness when viewed up close.
4. The Patchwork Pattern Community Centre Westvleteren by Atelier Tom Vanhee, Poperinge, Belgium In many renovations and extensions, hours are spent attempting to match the varied texture and color of bricks to knit together old and new. However, Atelier Tom Vanhee elected to go in the opposite direction with this community center in Belgium, expressing additions and subtractions with the use of contrasting bricks that celebrate the evolution of a building over the course of many years
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5. The Perforated Grid ABC Building by WISE Architecture, Seoul, South Korea WISE Architecture’s office building in Seoul, South Korea, combines the homogenous, sculptural qualities of Pabellón Agrícola Almazara Santurde with the permeable nature of the South Asian Human Rights Documentation Centre. Bricks were laid with slight gaps for certain parts of the façade, allowing light and air to filter through to walkways hidden behind layers of black brick.
6. The Lattice Layer House 712 by HARQUITECTES, Barcelona, Spain The simple form of House 712, a private residence in Barcelona, Spain, belies the unusual nature of the building envelope. With the construction budget reduced by 65 percent,
ix perforated bricks were chosen for their combination of low cost and functionality. The bricks neatly overlap at each corner of the building, expressing the distinctive triangular layout of the dwelling.
ANALYSIS: There are thousands of types of bricks that are named for their use, size, forming method, origin, quality, texture, and/or materials. Categorized by manufacture method: •
Extruded – made by being forced through an opening in a steel die, with a very consistent size and shape.
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Wire-cut – cut to size after extrusion with a tensioned wire which may leave drag marks
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Moulded – shaped in mould rather than being extruded
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Machine-moulded – clay is forced into mould using pressure
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Handmade – clay is forced into mould by a person
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Dry-pressed – similar to soft mud method, but starts with a much thicker clay mix and is compressed with great force.
Categorized by use: •
Common or building – A brick not intended to be visible, used for internal structure
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Face – A brick used on exterior surfaces to present a clean appearance
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Hollow – not solid, the holes are less than 25% of the brick volume.
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Perforated – holes greater than 25% of the brick volume.
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Keyed – indentations in at least one face and end to be used with rendering and plastering
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Paving – brick intended to be in ground contact as a walkway or roadway.
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Thin – brick with normal height and length but thin width to be used as a veneer
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South Asian Human Rights Documentation Centre
Mulberry House By Shop Architects
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Some Other Innovative Construction Of Brick
xiv RESULT One key consideration is to ensure you’re fully aware of the style that you want your project to encompass. Do you want to create something with a contemporary feel or do you have a more traditional and ‘olde worlde’ feel in mind? We see the old rulebooks being thrown out with beautiful soft mud bricks being used in open plan contemporary settings where we used to have it in the “traditional” category. The differences between bricks that make the impact on the look •
BRICK TYPE
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SIZE
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COLOURS
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TEXTURES
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BLENDING
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MORTOR CLOUR
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BOND PATTERNS
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MORTOR JOINT PROFILES
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SPECIAL SHAPE BRICKS
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BRICK DETAILING WORK
CONCLUSION These brick facade constructions are innovative and cost effective in nature. selection of these materials will decrease the total project cost to larger savings. There are many ways to lay brick and construct it by flipping,rotating,etc.. to create many intresting designs as per lighting,ventilation,maintainence etc..
xv REFERENCES •
http://wienerberger.co.uk/about-us/considerations-when-choosing-brick-for-abuilding-project
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http://www.harquitectes.com/projectes/casa-gualba-harquitectes/
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http://www.redfundamentos.com/blog/es/obras/detalle-283/
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https://architizer.com/projects/pabellon-agricola-almazara-santurde/
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http://www.tectonicablog.com/docs/agric.pdf
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https://architizer.com/projects/south-asian-human-rights-documentation-centre/
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http://www.archdaily.com/58519/south-asian-human-rights-documentation-centreanagram-architects
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https://architizer.com/projects/mulberry-house/
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http://www.shoparc.com/projects/mulberry-house/
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http://www.endicott.com/pdf/endicottBrickDetails.pdf
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http://www.heathceramics.com/home/pages/tile-build/collections-brands
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https://in.pinterest.com/pin/444449056963098933/
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CONTEMPORARY INNOVATIVE EXTERIORS