V I R G I N I A L A N D S C A P E
W O N G
S T U D I O
P O R T F O L I O 2 0 1 7
A R C 3 6 3 Y 1
The power and possibilities of time are very crucial in landscape designing. It is always works in progress. Whether the height of the trees, amenities or different types of space that we designed, will not be exactly the same 30 years later. And yet this uncertainty is what make landscape very interesting. This collection of work seeks to explore the concepts of “change� through the histories and present condition of Bryant Park, New York. The most significant moment in the past carried the essential quality of the park to further developed into the current state which then slowly projects possible intervention that has value and resiliency. The edge condition of the park as well as how trees act as different function overtime were focused. Instructor: Sonja Vangeli Teaching Assistant: Carlos Portillo
CONTENT
PAST EDGE CONDITION
FUTURE PREDICTION FORESEEING FUTURE CONDITION UNDER CURRENT SYSTEM
01
03
CURRENT TREES AS DIFFERENT FUNCTION
FUTURE OUTDOOR READING ROOM AND WATER INTERVENTION
02
04
THE PAST
BRYANT PARK TIMELINE Through different historical events, the usesof Bryant park have been changed from a Potter’s field to Reservior, then as landmark and military site to the current condition. The axonometric view shows the edge condition of the park, spatial quality and how it meets the urban surrounding. The front elevation shows different levels change and how trees were planted overtime. How people in different period define “enclosed space”and “garden” are reflected and further develop.
[ FRONT ELEVATION FROM STREET ]
[ SIGNIFICANT ELEMENTS ]
Fences
1776
Battle of Long Island & Start of the Revolutionary War
Fences Large structure Vegetation appears
1807
North Expansion of streets grid system from downtown Manhattan to midtown
Large structure Uniform vegetation appears Garden appears
1823
1839-42
1853-58
Turned into a potter’s field (Cemetery for the poor) under the jurisdiction of New York City
Croton Distributing Reservoir was built
Reservior square was built
First Fresh Watersupply system was developed (greatest engineering triumphs of 19 century America )
Crystal Palace Latting Observatory (both burned down later)
Garden Open Layout Scattered trees Circulations appear
Garden Open Layout Benches Circulations
Garden Open Layout Better Circulations More Trees (Still scattered)
Garden Open Layout (with iron fences) Define Circulations Path Position of Trees Uses of Space
1861-65
1884
1900
1911
1922-27
1934
1970s
American Civil War
Reservior Square renamed as Bryant park
Demolition of the Reservior
Beaux-Arts Library building was completed
Construction of Interborough Rapid Transit (IRT) subway tunnel
Redesign Contest sponsored by Architects’ Emergency Committee
Bryant Park (no-go area) had been taken over by drug dealers, prostitutes and the homeless
Square as military drills and site for New York City draft riots in 1863
Honor the NY Evening Post editor and abolitionist William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878)
(Removed structure, construction of the New York public library began)
Park as storage space for equipment and debris
Winner: Queens-based architect Lusby Simpson Park opened to the public on September 14, 1934
Garden Open Layout (With Porus Boundary) Define Circulations Path Trees as Walls Different Uses of space Better Amenities (reading rooms, washroom...)
1979 - 1988 Bryant Park Restoration Corporation (BPRC) created a master plan Improved amenities for turning around the park Re-design was drafted by Hanna/Olin Ltd. and Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer Associates (approved by city agencies in 1988)
1992 New Bryant Park repoened in April, 1992
PAST PLAN IN 1850 “Landscaping� was first appeared in this moment of time which designers looked into the edge condition by adding a row of trees which will further develop later and how trees planting shapes circulation and views.
SECTIONS C AND D
RENDERING (1858)
TREES EDGE ANALYSIS
DIAGRAMS
1853 - 58 WALL
1911 FRAME
1922 TRANSITION
1934 DECORATION/SEPERATION
1992 - Current MASS/ WALL/ CIRCULATION
THE PRESENT
CURRENT PLAN
SECTIONS A AND B
DIAGRAMS
Densest Area Building with density Green Space
URBAN RELATIONSHIP
CIRCULATION SYSTEM PLANTING
N
TOPOGRAPHY PARTI
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR Spaces under the canopy (Leisure)
Spaces for gathering
Walkable Green Space
Non-walkable Green Space
SPATIAL SEQUENCE (USE OF SPACES)
THE PREDICTION
ANNOTATED PLAN In the next 30 years, Climate change, Accessibility and Adaptation are the 3 main factors affecting the park. The following plan and sections illustrate Bryant Park in future conditions under the current system.
ANNOTATED SECTIONS
THE FUTURE
PLAN - BYRANT PARK IN 2040 To accomodate those factors, an outdoor reading area is proposed to create smoother transition between the library and Bryant park as well as two new entrances in the middle and on the South West side to allow better accessibility. Stormwater management system is applied, which Silva Cels and more water sotrage will be added under new permeable pavement.
SECTIONS A AND B
DIAGRAMS LIBRARY
OUTDOOR READING AREA Inspired by the Beaux-art Rose main reading room (3/F) of New York public library, the outdoor reading area provides different types of reading spaces outside, including informal reading steps, sunken reading room and lawns view reading room. This encourages new target groups ,the elders and student groups, to read and enjoy the greenery.
OUTDOOR READING SPACE
LAWNS
PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS BryantPark’s Lawns Permeable Pavings
Roof Planting Soil and Vegetation
Open-graded Bedding Course
Filter layer
Open-graded Base Reservoir
Drainage/ Reservoir layer to water storage Protection Layer Root Barrier Water Proofing Insulation Vapour Control Layer
Open-graded Subbase Reservoir Silva Cel (Water uptake)
Underdrain towards Water Storage
Screed to Falls Concrete Deck
STORM WATER MANAGEMENT Redesigning the drainage systems by adding Silva cels under pavement that are close to the London Plane Trees providing better water inflitration under extreme weather condition and trees health. Apply permeable pavement to the whole park and adding new water storage system alongthe side of the lawns to catch storm water.
Uncompacted Subgrade Soil
Plaster or Plasterboard Library’s book stack structure underneath
PRECIPITATION
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION WATER UPTAKE
DISTRIBUTION PIPE
INFILTRATION
BRYANT PARK
TREES CANOPY
URBAN RELATION 2040 MID-TOWN MANHATTAN FLOOD ZONE PLANTING
CIRCULATION
TYPOGRAPHY
LAWNS
SILVA CEL
PARTI STORM WATER SYSTEM AND OUTDOOR READING ROOM INTERVENTION
RENDERING - BRYANT PARK IN 2040 This rendering visualize the important interventions of the park, including the water system under the lawns and permeablev pavements, new ammenities for readers to accomodate new users of the park (elders and students). In addition, outdoor reading rooms, and new entrances connecting the library and Bryant park.
VW
VIRGINIA WONG VIR.WONG@MAIL.UTORONTO.CA (647) 745-5935