Life magazine 10 (UK version)

life Inside issue 10

Freeing children from exploitation LIFE FOR CHILDREN AND THOSE WHO CARE FOR THEM Light and life for Filipino children

page 4

Tips to keep your children safer online

page 8

Responding to child trafficking in Nepal

page 10

1

EDITORIAL It’s hard to tackle a monster in the dark.

You just don’t know how big it is or what you’re dealing with. So many monsters shrink when you shine a light on them.

Child exploitation, online sexual abuse and grooming are some of the monsters that Viva and our partner networks stand against.

These issues have a greater hold on children when adults are either in the dark or turn a blind eye to them. It is only when these issues are brought into the light, and shown for what they are, that these monsters begin to weaken and break down.

In the Philippines our partner network, PCMN, is taking a stand within what UNICEF describes as “the global epicentre of the livestream sexual abuse trade” manifested in the online sexual exploitation of children (OSEC).

By empowering and training youth advocates and adopting a cross-sectorial approach, PCMN is bringing this issue to light and encouraging children, parents, teachers, pastors and local government to all say, “we cannot close our eyes to this.”

We too should not ignore it. The greatest demand for the online sexual abuse of children comes from the West. An estimated 80,000 UK nationals pose a threat to children through the web. We too have a responsibility to shine a light on this issue.

‘Shining Lights’ is our Christmas Match Appeal this year, where your generosity will bring child exploitation into the light. Please fill in the form enclosed or give online (viva.org/christmasappeal) to take a stand. You can learn more about this work on pages 4-6.

Also, read on pages 10-13 how pastors are raising awareness of child trafficking in Nepal, how churches in Lebanon are providing education as an alternative to child labour and how our partner network in Argentina is tackling cyber-bullying.

Turn to pages 8-9 for practical ways you can keep children safe online, and be a changemaker through your daily living after reading the Opinion piece on pages 14-15.

Thank you for joining us in being bearers of light.

Best wishes

Liz Cross Supporter Relations Manager

We are an international Christian charity passionate about releasing children from poverty and abuse. We grow locally-led networks who are committed to working together so that children are safe, well and able to fulfil their God-given potential.

2

Last year, Viva reached 2.2 million children by partnering with 38 networks and working in 27 countries. Find out more at viva.org

FREEING CHILDREN FROM EXPLOITATION

Our training programme is strengthening families in Paraguay

LAST CHRISTMAS…

A year ago, Viva’s Christmas Match Appeal was ‘Family First’.

We asked for your support in providing loving homes for abandoned children and in strengthening struggling families.

Thank you for helping us to raise a fantastic £38,000 for Viva’s work with families around the world!

One of the countries we focused on at Christmas 2017 was Paraguay. During the last 12 months, Red Viva Paraguay has been one of a number of our partner networks who have used the ‘Why Families Matter’ toolkit – a resource pack designed specifically to help churches and Christian organisations working with children to understand God’s heart for children to belong in families.

Eleven churches in Paraguay have led training workshops on the theme of ‘Strengthening families and the right of the child to live in a family’. In September alone, the network reached

80 adults and 300 children and young people with this training.

To date, 15 Viva partner networks around the world have implemented the ‘Why Families Matter’ training with 441 churches and organisations with nearly 3,500 adults attending these sessions. Read more at

http://bit.ly/WhyFamiliesMatter

As part of ‘Family First’ last Christmas, we showed how we’re helping to resettle children from institutions into families in Uganda, with our partner network CRANE. We’re delighted to share that the network is now supporting 37 Child Care Institutions (CCIs) to become transitional centres for the rehabilitation and resettlement of children who are separated from their families. And, as a result of tracing families, training and mentoring the CCI’s social workers, and providing family support, 222 children were successfully reintegrated into families during the last year.

Turn over to read about the focus for ‘Shining Lights’, the Viva Christmas Match Appeal 2018.

3

LIGHT LIFE FOR FILIPINO AND

CHILDREN

Children learn more about their rights during a lively Saturday afternoon session

Thousands of children in the Philippines are affected by the murky world of online sexual exploitation. Andrew Dubock travels to the country to find the light and hope that our partner network is offering.

A teddy bear. A symbol of childhood, of innocence, of security.

However, for Angela, a 12-year-old from the Philippines, her favourite toy will always be a reminder of the moment when her aunt betrayed her.

“When we picked her up, Angela didn’t know why she had been rescued,” social worker Jovie Sorongon tells me. “Her aunt told her the picture with her teddy bear would become her profile picture. Instead it was sent online to the abuser and the aunt would get money from it.”

A police raid prevented her aunt from repeating the act – but the damage was already done. “It was heartbreaking to see Angela”, adds Jovie.

“She was really crying because she was worried about what would happen to her family.”

4

UNICEF describes the Philippines as “the global epicentre of the livestream sexual abuse trade.” The country’s rapid urbanisation and technological advancements, coupled with rising social and economic inequality, are factors in the increase of online sexual exploitation of children, or OSEC. As a father of two daughters of a similar age to Angela, her story horrifies and sickens me and this is at the front of my mind as I travel to Dasmariñas, an hour’s drive from the capital, Manila. It’s a city that has the highest number of victims relative to its size – and that figure is likely to be even greater due to under-reporting.

With a commitment to protecting children from abuse for 20 years, Viva’s partner Philippine

Children’s Ministries Network (PCMN),

FREEING CHILDREN FROM EXPLOITATION

A street in Dasmariñas

Eliminating OSEC in Dasmariñas: two-year plan 75 youth advocates empowered 1,000 children educated 2,000 parents trained 100 government officials and community leaders influenced

40,000 school children protected has started a programme to eliminate OSEC, particularly focusing on Dasmariñas. It has three clear focus areas: prevention (raising awareness across society), justice (improving reporting through greater collaboration), and restoration (safe community reintegration of OSEC victims).

Getting the message into the heart of the community is crucial and, during my time in Dasmariñas, I visit several people from churches, schools and local government to hear how PCMN is influencing all parts of society.

Several ‘barangays’ (or neighbourhoods) are beginning to partner with PCMN already. Jeffrey Laureano, a Barangay councillor, says, “When it came to my attention that there were OSEC cases in my area I was really shocked and presented it at a council meeting. I pushed that we should get involved in this so we could address this very important issue.”

Three years ago, teacher Adrian Dean from Dr Jose Rizal Elementary School discovered that one of his students had fallen victim to OSEC.

He tells me, “During the time, I didn’t know how to handle it – I was not trained. After that we had topics such as anti-bullying and child protection policy. But then recently I saw a post from a former student about PCMN. It got my interest. I see the connection

of PCMN and our school in working together.”

Pastor Derek Johns, from World Christian Fellowship, has just begun a partnership with PCMN on the issue of OSEC. “We’re learning exactly how to deal with the problem: who to contact, how to train the children. Through our relationship with PCMN we’re getting connected with other organisations, other churches and other groups who are also dealing with OSEC.” He adds, “I believe that we’re not called to just stay here in the building – but to be the light of Jesus Christ in the community.

And light means taking action. We want to see children rescued – and churches need to be at the forefront of dealing with these issues.”

5

As I talk with various people I struggle to fully understand the motives behind the actions, and in particular why – in such a family-orientated society – it is adults in families who exploit the children in their care. As social worker Jovie, who is also PCMN’s child protection officer, tells me, “In many cases the perpetrators are the mothers or the grandparents. It has become a widespread family business in the Philippines.”

Councillor Jeffrey is quick not to point fingers, saying, “We cannot blame the parents because what drives them in doing it is poverty.”

PCMN’s youth-driven advocacy is impressive. It’s a privilege to spend time amongst the group of energetic young people who are passionate about protecting children and driving this programme forward.

This is during one of eight sessions produced

by PCMN, with other modules teaching children about different forms of OSEC, how to recognise and report it and what can be done to prevent it. Visual aids, including a story told by puppets, help to bring it alive.

As well as the current OSEC focus in Dasmariñas, PCMN is also equipping youth leaders from across the Philippines to tackle the issues. I attend a comprehensive two-day national training of trainers event in Manila for 50 people, including Khosh Susithoren, who travelled from Iligan City in northern Mindanao.

She says, “OSEC is a big problem where I live but it’s also a taboo subject, so these seminars are equipping me how to be culturally sensitive.

These children are very damaged. I think in another time, that could have been me or you. So we’re blessed that we have not gone through what they have. And with that

blessing comes the challenge and the responsibility that we really need to do something for these children.”

Youth advocate Arjay Dela Cruz

Arjay Dela Cruz tells me about his motivation.

“OSEC has made me afraid for the welfare of children, especially because I have nephews and nieces. I used to ask myself what I can do in the community but PCMN has taught me I can make a difference. I want children

to play, exercise and enjoy their rights – and to be free from abuse and exploitation.”

Watching an interactive session led by four youth advocates at a church, it’s great to see the 8-14 year-old children there engage and begin to understand their rights by writing post-it notes and adding them to a wall display.

Fe Foronda, PCMN’s National Director, echoes these words, telling me “We cannot just close our eyes to this. We should be engaged in it and change the situation. My hope is that this will be stopped in the near future and in collaboration with everyone, especially the churches, the government and the NGOs.” Our brothers and sisters in the Philippines are beginning a journey to eliminate the online sexual exploitation of children. It was inspiring to meet people committed to the fight, and I left hopeful that they can have an impact on children, families, neighbourhoods and indeed whole cities.

And that children in the Philippines will be able to continue to hug their teddy bears without lasting, painful memories.

Andrew Dubock is Viva’s Fundraising and Outreach Team Manager

This Christmas, will you help us to prevent children in the Philippines from being sexually exploited online?

Go to viva.org/christmasappeal for videos, more articles and ways to give.

6

© Brooke Cagle

FREEING CHILDREN FROM EXPLOITATION XXXXX XXXXXX

BUILDING

RESILIENCE Our work in Oxford is helping young people find a passion and a purpose

Andy Jefferson asks: how do we protect our young people from those who would exploit them?

The challenge of tackling exploitation can seem daunting. When we hear stories of young people being groomed or taken advantage of in some way, it can make our stomachs turn. And, as a youth worker, it can be heart-breaking to discover that someone who you work with has been caught up in something so evil.

Over the last four years, I have been involved in a partnership of youth workers working to build resilience and self-esteem amongst vulnerable young people in Oxford, collaborating with Viva and its Doorsteps network. Instead of focusing

on the big issue of exploitation, we have started by focusing on the root causes that can lead to young people being vulnerable.

targeted sessions on a variety of topics including online safety, mental health, alcohol awareness, nutrition and a session on spotting the signs of unhealthy relationships. Added to this, the young people gain a vocational qualification equivalent to half a GSCE. With the support of the

team of youth workers, Sarah has thrived in this environment.

She now enjoys leading other young people with confidence and is a different person from the shy girl who started with us two years ago.

She combines this newfound confidence with a caring and compassionate side when she recognises that it is needed. She has now taken on our first role as youth support worker, adding an important link between the youth workers and the young people.

Sarah was identified by her school as a young person who was potentially vulnerable, aged 14. She came across as a young person lacking in confidence, who often put herself down and rarely raised her voice in group settings. She has been involved in our Find Your Fire project for the past two years.

people find a passion and a purpose, it can build their resilience and help them navigate the sometimes perilous world of adolescence.

This project combines two main elements: group work aimed at developing skills and confidence culminating in a peer education project and

Andy Jefferson is a Find Your Fire youth worker and Youth Leader of St Matthew’s and St Luke’s Churches in Oxford

Sarah’s story is one of many that gives me hope. Hope that if we can help young

Find out more about this work at viva.org/doorsteps

7

© Internet Matters

TOP TIPS

It’s important to talk to children about their online friendships

TO KEEP YOUR CHILDREN SAFER ONLINE

Digitalisation means children now have the world at their fingertips. And with nearly three-quarters of pre-teens in the UK now owning a smartphone they have untold opportunities to learn, explore and communicate online. But with the freedom of the digital world there are also serious risks.

Carolyn Bunting, CEO of Internet Matters, shares advice for parents around the issues of online grooming and sexting.

We know that online grooming consistently remains a top concern for parents. Our latest research has found that nearly seven out of ten parents have worries over this issue.

Groomers often use social networks in order to attempt to gain a child’s trust – often posing as someone the same age as the child and, once they feel they have the child’s trust, they then encourage children to send sexual photographs or videos of themselves.

At Internet Matters, we encourage parents to have conversations as early as possible as part of a preventative measure to stop children falling victim to online dangers and risks.

Technology will change, the devices children use will advance and groomers will find new 8

platforms to target children. However, if you have created an open channel from a young age, your child will feel more comfortable talking to you as soon as they face something online that makes them feel uncomfortable.

Here are some easy steps for starting a conversation with your child about the risks of online grooming.

Be approachable: Let them know you are there to help them if they get into trouble online and if they are concerned about something they can come to you.

Talk to them about their online friendships: Find out what sites they go to, where they met their online friends, how they communicate and what information they share.

Make sure they know that having thousands of online ‘friends’ isn’t always safe.

FREEING CHILDREN FROM EXPLOITATION For older children: Teenagers may be very protective of their online network and feel you are interfering with their private lives so start a conversation by stating that “you read something the other day” or “you heard about a case in the news” and allow them to think critically about it.

Explain how easy it is to pretend to be someone else online, and why an adult may wish to approach them.

With younger children: Talk about grooming as you would “stranger danger” – a stranger is anyone you don’t know, whether in real life or online. Tell them they shouldn’t talk privately or give personal information to anyone they don’t know. Discuss with them what ‘personal information’ is.

#

If you have concerns that your child is being groomed, here are the key signs to look out for: •Y our child wanting to spend more and more time on the internet.

•B eing secretive about who they are talking to online and what sites they visit.

• Switching screens when you come near the computer.

•P ossessing items – electronic devices or phones – you haven’t given them.

• Using sexual language you wouldn’t expect them to know.

• Becoming emotionally volatile.

While contact with strangers on the internet poses a serious danger to our children, peerto-peer relationships can also cause them harm. With increased access to social media networks, more children are sharing inappropriate images of themselves on the internet.

think before they send a picture of themselves: ‘Would I want my family, teachers or future employers to see it?’

Trust can be exploited, and inappropriate images can end up being shared on multiple group chats on social networks, affecting your child’s reputation and mental health.

Tackle peer pressure: Show you

SEXTING

It’s important to be able to talk to your child about the consequences of sexting and what to do if it does happen.

Explain what can happen to an image: Remind your child that once an image has been sent, there’s no way of getting it back or knowing where it will end up. Ask them to

Be prepared: Talk to your child about having some responses ready if they are asked to send explicit images. ChildLine has created a free app which has witty images to send in reply plus advice on how to stay safe. understand how they may feel pushed into sending something even though they know it isn’t the right thing to do. Help them to understand that the results of giving in to pressure could be much worse than standing up to it.

Reassure them if it does happen… then it is important to stay calm and work together to resolve the situation. If they can’t talk to you, direct them to organisations like ChildLine who can offer one-to-one support.

Internet Matters is a UK-based, not-forprofit organisation that has a simple purpose – to help keep children safe in the digital world. They offer advice and information on tackling e-safety issues, are backed by the UK’s most prominent internet industry players and are supported by leading child online safety experts. For more information, go to www.internetmatters.org 9

© CarNet Nepal

RESPONDING

Church leaders in Nuwakot plan the next steps to tackle trafficking

TO CHILD TRAFFICKING IN NEPAL Earlier this year, Viva’s partner network CarNet Nepal co-hosted a threeday conference aimed at envisioning pastors from 48 churches in the Nuwakot district to respond to the issues of human trafficking in their communities.

As many as 10,000 Nepali women and girls are trafficked across the border to India each year with an estimated 100,000-200,000 Nepali trafficked persons currently living in India.

Sindhupalchok and Nuwakot districts have the highest rates of trafficking in the country.

There is a high migration of children, young girls and families to the city for employment and other purposes, which increased following the April 2015 earthquake.

Risk of trafficking occurs when a family does not have even the basic needs for life. Parents are easily convinced to entrust their children, especially daughters, to brokers who promise high-paying jobs in the cities so they can send money back to their families. The girls, however, are often then imprisoned in brothels and forced to provide sex to the brothel’s clients.

10

In this context, the Church can play a role in preventing trafficking from happening and in the rehabilitation of survivors.

The conference helped church leaders to focus on the issues of trafficking and consider what the Bible says about social justice, helping the marginalised, supporting families and bringing people to restoration.

For almost all the participants, this was their very first experience of hearing about the role of the Church to respond to trafficking issues.

One attendee said, “The Church

can reach where NGOs and the government cannot. It should bring transformation and encourage its people to work against human trafficking.”

To reinforce the messages of the conference, a smaller training session was held for 20 pastors and leaders to prevent human trafficking and child sexual abuse in their communities. An action plan was

created to raise awareness through public events and through doorto-door visits, and, since then, several hundred people have been reached with messages every month. The network has also led training for students at a secondary school in Urleni, Nuwakot.

FINDING

ANOTHER WAY

Syrian refugee children in Lebanon are vulnerable to being exploited and forced to work. However, as Kezia M’Clelland writes, Viva and its local partner are prioritising the need for child protection and supporting them in getting an education.

Refugees comprise a quarter of Lebanon’s population. This brings pressure on resources and opportunities, and Syrian families increasingly struggle to meet their basic needs. With work hard to find 76 per cent of Syrian refugees in Lebanon live below the poverty line.* As a

result, child labour is on the rise among refugee families struggling to make ends meet.

In Lebanon’s Bekaa Valley there is a high demand for cheap labour in agricultural work and, amongst our partners working in this area, it is common to hear stories from families who feel they have no option but to send some of their children to work. One father here told me: “They are too tired, they are working too hard. A child doesn’t have the capacity for this, but he has to do it.”

© Helen Manson/Tearfund NZ

FREEING CHILDREN FROM EXPLOITATION

Education is a key factor in preventing child exploitation

of the importance of education. These children are now back in school. Viva supports

these centres through child protection training and mentoring, and supporting training for educators.

Providing opportunities for education is not a complete solution. We’re currently also prioritising looking at ways to engage and support parents. Livelihoods projects are being piloted by MERATH to seek to address the economic pressure which contributes to exploitation. Viva will ensure that child protection is integrated into these projects.

Please pray for: • Access to education for all Syrian children, and particularly older children and youth who most often lack this opportunity and are vulnerable to exploitation.

Lack of access to education is a key factor in enabling child labour, and at least 41 per cent of children aged 6-14 in Lebanon’s Bekaa Valley are still out of school.* Viva works alongside

• New initiatives to emerge that will enable Syrian children and young people to fulfil their potential and be free from exploitation and abuse.

our local partner MERATH to support churches in their desire to help children get back into school, and our non-formal education projects now reach 1,500 children with basic education and psychosocial support.

In one centre I was encouraged to hear stories of how two older boys, who had been taken out of school in order to work, were helped by staff at the education centre who convinced their parents

Kezia M’Clelland is Viva’s Children in Emergencies Specialist *

S ource: The 2017 Vulnerability Assessment of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon

11

Red Viva Argentina is holding preventative training sessions in schools

AND ONLINE GROOMING IN ARGENTINA Regrettably, in Argentina, there is a growing number of cases of online grooming and cyberbullying with very tragic outcomes. According to statistics, more than 5,000 complaints about these issues were made in 2017 in Argentina, which is approximately 14 complaints per day – and these figures are increasing all the time. There are also many incidents that go unreported.

Over the last year, at Red Viva Argentina, we have been addressing the topics of cyberbullying and online grooming through holding workshops and seminars with community leaders, schools, parents and children to raise awareness of and prevent online threats. We have also been sharing how to navigate the internet safely.

In the workshops, parents find it hard to understand the dangers their children face with unsupervised access to the internet and that adults often do not know how to talk about or deal with these issues. And in turn, there are children who are making bad choices but do not know how to speak about it.

12

In one of the rural schools we visited, one of the teachers shared that a student was harassed by another teenager who sent messages and photos through social media. This first started out as a game and then developed into harassment with continued and constant messages. The subject was raised and it was discovered that the perpetrator was in love with her victim. The parents transferred the teenager to another school and filed a harassment lawsuit. The teachers were surprised by what happened and did not know how to move forward.

Preventive and awareness workshops are necessary to start conversations about cyberbullying and online grooming. It is only

Š Nahuel Berger / World Bank

TACKLING CYBERBULLYING

© Leonardo Samrani

FREEING CHILDREN FROM EXPLOITATION

Talking with children about social media is essential

through starting to talk about these issues, that they can start to be tackled.

This year, our network has also held four preventive training sessions in secular schools and three in churches, talking with children or adolescents who do not have close or reliable adults to talk to about these issues. Before the training, many did not take account of or know much about the risks because they didn’t realise how much it could affect their lives.

Despite damaging uses of the internet, it is important to recognise and remember that it can also be used as a positive tool. I remember a family from the provinces of Argentina; their daughter went to live in Spain and every day they had a video-linked lunch with them. How beautiful it was for the mother to meet her grandchildren!

Her daughter and son-in-law were talking about what happened during their day and praying.

The internet brought this family closer every day despite the distance.

So, let’s talk to our children about the best way to use social media and also the danger, showing

them how to not let the media influence us.

It may mean we have to learn to turn off our screens more to spend more time with our children and to re-establish eye contact without a screen between. But it will surely be worth it.

Cyberbullying is defined as “bullying that takes place over digital devices like mobile phones, computers and tablets.

It can occur through SMS, text, and apps, or online in social media, forums, or gaming where people can view, participate in, or share content. It can include sharing personal or private information about someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation.”

Source: www.stopbullying.gov

By Adriana de Jure, Network Co-ordinator of Red Viva Argentina 13

OPINION: PETE KERNOGHAN

OUR

RESPONSIBILITY TOO

Pete Kernoghan describes how serious the issues of modern slavery and human trafficking are in the UK, and how we need to take action together to act as changemakers in our everyday lives. It all starts with having hope.

When we think about modern slavery and human trafficking, our minds often go to scenes from over-dramatised films, or horrors in distant countries far away from our immediate daily life.

Our thoughts are not often about the coffee we have drunk, the car wash we regularly go to, or our favourite high street store.

14

However, the reality is that modern day slavery and human trafficking has possibly touched all of those things and more in our everyday lives.

As I have tried to understand the dynamics and the complexities that allow the exploitation of people for profit to grow in our culture, I have become more and more aware of how it is deeply rooted in the fabric of our society.

Is human trafficking rife in the UK? Absolutely. Although it is impossible at this stage to know exactly the number of people within the UK that are currently in captivity, the government estimates that there are around 13,000 victims – and a third of those are children. The National Crime Agency states that the actual number of victims is more likely to be in the tens of thousands.

Not only is this happening to the children travelling into and seeking refuge in our country, the truth is that many children that have been lost within the gaps of our own care system are now being trafficked. Sometimes that is for labour or for sex, but others are being forced by threatening their safety, physically and emotionally abusing them into engaging in criminal acts; to beg, steal, carry and sell drugs.

FREEING CHILDREN FROM EXPLOITATION

I believe there is hope. There has been many times in human history where tremendous

injustice and human cruelty, which seemed to only ever be growing, has been overthrown when the few became the many – when people like you and I joined the fight. This is not a far-fetched dream. I think it is achievable and necessary. All we need to do is make a start in our everyday lives.

Three ways in which we can make a difference Care. The facts of modern slavery raise various emotions in me – anger, despair, concern are but a few, but most of all it rises a heart-longing in me for what society could be.

What would it look like if we began to care about our role in the exploitation of people and start the change? It will take us to engage in our communities, to buy in on the long term, and to dream of what our society could be.

© Clem Onojeghuo

Maybe this leaves you feeling overwhelmed and insignificant. I have felt like this many times. How could an industry of human cruelty that is this widespread ever be eradicated?

Consumerism. What if we asked more questions?

Let’s demand full transparency in the supply chains of the goods we buy before we hand over our money to fund that business further. There are many shops that sell only ‘ethical’ goods. It is not a hipster buzzword. Let’s buy from and support those businesses and remove ourselves from those that indulge in modern slavery.

Time. Could we be willing to give up our time to help join those like Viva who are working to fill the gaps that lie in the support and provision for vulnerable people? Maybe we could volunteer in a mentoring charity, drop-in centre, befriending service, youth group, or perhaps something your church is doing in this area? Maybe we could begin fundraising for organisations that are consistently having their funding cut? Maybe we could spend more time with the children in our own immediate lives, extended families and friends, who don’t have a vast network of people around them that care for them? By doing that we could be ensuring they are being listened to, noticed and protected.

This is not an article asking you to sign up your bank details. I will not be telling you that ‘only £2 a month’ is going to achieve freedom for all children, or to help pay the people fighting against it. We can’t just let others fight it because, in actual fact, it is our fight. The responsibility to our community’s children lies with each and every one of us.

Pete Kernoghan is Development Director and Founder of No More Traffik. Find out more at www.nomoretraffik.com

15

This Christmas, will you be a bearer of light and prevent children from being exploited?

Give online or by cheque and your gift will be doubled.

viva.org/christmasappeal

Viva, Unit 8,The Gallery, 54 Marston Street, Oxford, OX4 1LF t: 01865 811660

FACEBOOK.COM/VIVATOGETHERFORCHILDREN Mixed Sources Product group from well-managed forests, controlled sources and recycled wood or fibre. www.fsc.org Cert No. SA-COC-09174 Front cover (inset): Š Helen Manson/Tearfund NZ

INFO@VIVA.ORG

Viva is an operating name of Viva Network.Viva Network is a company limited by guarantee no. 3162776, registered charity no.1053389, and registered in England at Unit 8, The Gallery, 54 Marston Street, Oxford, OX4 1LF. Any children referred to have had their names and photos changed in accordance with our Child Protection Policy.

VIVA.ORG