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CTlo1xoTBopeHHe C.st MapwaKa. 0 KaKHX oco6eH"IOCTJlX rnaCHblX H cornaCHblX 3aYKoB OH nHweT? TonbKO 11101 0 cpo"IeTH"tecKoH Cy~HOCTH 3aYKoa 3AeCb HAeT pe"tb? 4TO 3Ha"tHT a 10HHMaHHH aaTopa «npoAblwaTb cTHxoTaopeHbe»? J..1MeeT 11101

:THxoTBOpeHJ.1e n03Ta STOPOH, rny6J.1HHblH cMblcn? nOcTapaHcSl :>acKpblTb ero. KaKlo1e cnoaa HMetoT HHOCKa3aTenbHoe 3Ha"teHHe? • BblnHWH cnoaa, Ha"tHHalO~HecSl co 3SOHKoro cornaCHoro 3syKa, 1oA6epH K HeMY napHblH rnyxoH . • KaKHe 3ayKH OKa3amfCb 6e3

1apbll

14. npO"tHTaH TeKCT. 1-13 CK011bKHX "taCTeH OH COCTOHT? noCTaSb K Ka>KAO~ "taCTH sonpoc. 3anlo1WH aonpOCbl B Ka"teCTBe nyHKToa nnaHa. CJIOBO COCTOHT H3 3ByKOB. 3TH 3ByKH 06pa3yIOT ero 3BYKOByro o6oJlO'IKY. 3By-KH H3blKa ,lI;eJIHTCH HS l'Jl8CHbIe H COl'Jl8CHble.

rJIaCHble 3BYKH 6L1BaIOT YllapHLlMH H 6e3YlIspHLlMH. IIOII YllspeHHeM B PYCCKOM H3L1Ke BCTpeqalOTCH rJIaCHLle: [a]. [0].

[Y]. [3]. [H]. [LI]. COl'JI8CHbIe 3BYKH XSpaKTepHaYlOTCH no TBeP,lI;OCTH-MSll'KOCTH H 3BOHKOCTH-l'JIYXOCTH. OHH MOl'YT 06p8aOBbIB8Tb naphI

no TBepllocTH-MRrKocTH: [6]-[6'], [B]- [B'], [r]-[r'], [11]- [11'], [a]-[a'], [K]-[K'], [JI]-[JI'], [M] - [M'], [H]- [H'], [n]-[n'], [p]-[p'], [c]-[c'], [T]-[T'], [1jJ]-[IjJ'], [xl-Ix']; no aBOHKOCTHrJIYXOCTH: [6]- [n], [6']- [n'], [B]-[IjJ], [B']- [IjJ'], [r]-[K], [r']-[K'], [II]-[T], [II']-[T'], [a]- [c], [a']- [c']. He o6paaylOT nap lID TBep,lI;OCTH-MSlI'KOCTH TBep,lI;hIe [m), [m]. [11] H MRrKHe ['I'], [lI\'], [H' ]. He 06paaYIOT nap no 3BOHKOCTH-I'JIYXOCTH I'JIyxHe [x)- [x'), [11], ['I'], [lI\'] H aBOHKHe [JI]-[JI'], [M]- [M'], [H]-[H'], [p]- [p'], [H']. • LITO HOBoro Tbl Y3Han 0 3SYKax Sl3blKa, np0I.I~1TaS 3TOT TeKCT? • nepeCKamM TeKCT no nnaHy.

15.

npOI.IMTaJ:1 TeKeT . KaKoe OTKpblTMe S HaYKe 0 PYCCKOM Sl3blKe CAenan B .K . TpeAMaKoscKMI1? HayqHoe HCCJIe,ll;OB8.HHe PYCCKOro npoH3HomeHHSI HaqaJI n03T H yqeHhIH BaCHJIHH KHPHJIJIO-

BH'I TpellHaKOBCKHH (1703-1769). B 1748 roilY OH H3,l1;aJI KHHry {( Pa3roBop poccHiicKoro qeJIOBeKa

qymecTpaHu;eM • •• ».

(ha

KHHra, ,lI;OCTynHO

HaTIHCaHHaH B q)QpMe pa3roBopa pyccKoro qeJIO-

16.

npO"'tHTai1 CTHxoTBOpeHl1e

A.A.

<l>era. BCnOMHH, LiTO ra-

t(oe T04Hble pHcpMbl. KaKJ.1e pHcpMbl B CTHXOTBOpeHIo1H SlBIlHtOT-

CSI TOI.IHbIMH? • AOKa>KJ.1, "'4TO pHcpMa SHCRT -

TO"tHOa1 • •

HaHAH

IIe'tlaJIbHaH

HapSIA HBnSlercS!

B reKcre cnosa B nepeHOCHOM 3Ha'-teHI-1H.

6epeaa

Y Moero OKHa,

II npHXOTb!O* Mopoaa Paay6paHa OHa. RaK rpOa,ll;bH BHHorpa.n;a, BeTBeH KOHD;b1 BReST, -

iii

p8,l1;OCTeH )1;JUI BarJUI.n;a

BeCb TpaypHhIiP aapH,lJ;. JII06JIIO Hrpy .n;eHHHIJ,bI*

.H.

38.MeQaTh Ha HeM,

II .maJIb MHe, eCJIH IITHD;bl3 CTPRXHYT Kpacy BeTBeH. • BblmtWH HMeHa

cyw,ecTBHTenbHble. 0603Ha4b B HHX opcpo-

rpaMMy-6e3YAapHYto rnaCHYto 8 KopHe cnoaa, nposepSieMYto YAapeHHeM • • HanHWH rpaHcKpHnu,HtO 6e3YAapHbiX rnaCHblX 3SyKOD B KopHe 3THX enOB HaA 6YKsaMJ.1, I-tX 0603Ha4atoUJ,HMJ.1 .

BeKR C HHOCTpaHIJ,eM, 6hIJIa paCCQHTaHa He aa

K JIlO'IeBhIe CJI OBa TeMhl:

CneU;HaJIHCTOB, a Ha {(npOCTbIX JIIO,lI;eii •• ¢OHeTHqeCKHe Ha6JIIO,lI;eHHSI Tpe,ll;H8KOBCKoro 6hIJIH 6JIecTHID;H no TOqHOCTH H npOHHIJ,8.TeJIbHOCTH . ¥qeHhIH BIIepBhIe

B3bIK

rJI8CHhIe

CMblCJI

3BYKH

COrJIaCH bJe

TpaHCKpHn u,lHI

,z:r;aeT HayqHylO KJIaCCH<pHKau;HIO 3BYKOB, ,lI;eJIHT HX aa rJIaCHhIe H COrJIaCHhIe, a corJIaCHhIe - Ha TpH rpyrrIIhI: MHrKHe, TBep,ll;hIe If Cpe,lJ;HHe.

HaCTOiiqHBO pa3rpa HHqHBaeT 6YKBY Ii 3BYK

({(3BOH») Ii yrrpeKaeT cTapylO rpaMMaTHKY B TOM, qTO OHa «Ha6JIIO,lI;aeT TOKMO 6YKBhI, a He 3BOHhI, Ha6JIIO,lI;aeT OHa TOKMO TeHb, a ,z:r;o Bem;H eii ,n;eJI8 aeT!". HacKoJIbKO TPY,AHO 3TO 6b1JIO B TO BpeMH, rOBopHT XOTH 6hI TO, 'tJTO B KOHIJ,e

XIX

BeKa MHO-

rHe mKOJIbHhIe yqe6HHKH rpaMMaTHKH Ii ,lI;ame HaytIHhIe Tpy,lJ;hI He IIO,lJ;HHJIHCb ,n;o Toro ypOBHH, Ha KOTOPOM CTOHJI

B.K. TpellHaKOBCKHH B cepellHHe XVIII BeKa. (IIo M .B . IIaltoBY)

§ 2. 3BYK H 6YKBa. ABoHHali ponb 6YKB e, 17.

e, to, •

npOI.IHTaJ:1 cnosa . BoahI, Boa, B03HTb. ,D;BOP, ,lI;BOphI. Hoc, ROChl.

JIe6ellb, JIe6ellKa, JIe6ellymKa. • KaKHe 3ayKH 0603Hal.latOT Ha nHCbMe 6YKSbi 3, 0, A? 3anHwH 3TH 3SyKH a TpaHCKpJ.1nu,J.1M • • BcerAa nM 6YKsa 0603Ha"taeT OAJ.1H J.1 TOT me 3aYK?

18.

npOliHTaH cnOBa.

ITJIhITL, CHHb,

BYKBhl CJIy.m8T ,lJ;JIJI 0603HaQeHHH 3BYKOB pelJH aa I1HCbMe.

COJIb, BCT8Bh, 6pOCb.

Pa3,lJ;eJI HayKH 0 H3b1Re, B KOTOPOM H3YQaeTCSl 0603HaQe_

~ 0603HaLfaer nJ-l 3BYK 6YKBa .. ? KaKoH cornacHblH 3BYK 0603Ha"taer 6YKBa, CTOSl~aSl nepeA HHM? 3anHwH era 8 TpaHCKp",nUJo1H. AnSI '"Iero cny>KHT II» B AaHHblX cnYLiaSlX?

rpacIJHKoii

BHe 3SYKOB U8 IlHCbMe , H83h1SaeTCH

.rpa<!>o. - DHDIY).

(OT

zpell.

BYRBhI B PYCCKOM Sl3bUte MoryT 0603HaQaTb JIH60 O,ll;HH

HarrpHMep, 6YKS8 6 MomeT 0603H8'laTh 3BYKH [6], [6'], [D], [D']: 6awHR [6], 6eper [6'] , cyrp06 [n], 3syK, JIH60 HeCKOJIbKO.

19.

np04HTa~ cnOBa.

rony6b [n']. BYRBbl e,

C'beJI, MypaBLH, no,rt"bex8.JI, IIbeC8, OT'be3,rt .

JIH60 ,lIBa 3BYKa: MeJI" [a]. eJIb [H'a]. BYKBhI ... H h He 0603H8-

• 0603Hal.falOT nH 6YKBbi b H ... 3ByKH Ha nHcbMe? AnSI I.fero cnY>KaT b H ... B AaHHblX cnY4aSlx?

lIaIOT 3BYROB aa nHCbMe. BYRBhI, pacnOJIOmeHHhIe B onpeAeJIeHHOH nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHOCTH, COCT8BJISIIOT

20.

e, 10, JI MoryT 0603aallaTb JIH60 OAHB,

aJItIlaBHT,

HJIH aa6YRY.

PYCCKOM 8.JIa-

BHTe 33 6YKBhI: 10 6YKB - ,lIJI" 0603Ha'leHHH rJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB,

np04HTaH CJlOBa .

B eJlbI'H , 6IOP O , BSlJIhl H , BbIOH, B'be 3,ll; , e prn , eJIb , eM , Me,rt , MSlTL , HeC, Mepa, JI1060Bb, a aex aTb, IIOIOT, 0 6 'bSlBJIeHHSI, HA ,

6YKBa - ,ll;JlSl 0603HalleHHSI COrJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB, L H 'L 3By-KOB

He 060aHallalOT.

IOMOp.

• B neBblH cTon6HK BblnHWH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX 6YKBbi e,

e, 10, ,.

0603Ha4alOT ABa 3syKa, 8 npaBblH - CJlOBa, B KOTOPblX 3TH 6YKBbi 0603Ha4alOT OAHH 3BYK . • CcpOPMYJlHPYH BbIBOA. BYKBbl e,

e, 10, .H B H8q8JIe eJIQsa,

nOCJIe rJI8CHOH Ii OOCJIe

pa3.ZJ;eJIHTeJIbHblX 'L II h 0603HaQruoT no ,lJ;B8 3BYJ(a [ ft ' a] , [ft 'o],

[H' Y], [H'8] . BYKBbl e,

Boro. 21.

OnpeAeJlIo1 Konlo14eCTBO 3BYKOS 101 6YKB B cnoaax: ceMbH , ceMH, C"beJI, ceJI, HMa, npHMo, nOJIblO, npOnOJIIO, T~H, lllbeT.

B 6.

•• H

a JIL

,M '8

ill

III;

IDa

IU"

1'3

A' II

Te6e npeACTOHT np04101TaTb TeKCT 0 6YKsax pyccKoro Sl3b1Ka . 0 4eM, nO-TBoeMY, B HeM 6YAeT rOBopHTbCSI? • nOCIle 4TeHHR conOCTaSb caOH npeAnOIlO>KeHHR C cOAep>t<aHHeM TeKCTa • • AononHIo1 TeKCT caOHMH nplo1MepaMH • • 03arnaBb H nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT.

E e

>K3

H Kp8TKoe

<l>

:><\>

...

TBepALlH

b MHrKHii:

3HaJ<

3H8K

e, 10, H nOCJIe COrJIaCHOH 0603HaQaroT OJJ;HH rJI8C-

HhIH 3BYK [ a], [0], [ Y], [ a] H M"rKOCT" Dpe,llhI~ero COrJI8C-

22.

K K8

'I qe

•

23. np04HTaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. HaHAIo1 101 np04101TaH npeArle>KeHlo1e,

8blpa>KalO~ee

rnaBHYIO Mblcnb TeKCTa.

OT AOCKH AO AOCKH 3T0 BhIpruKeBHe CBH38.H0 C KHHroA.

CT8pbIX KHHr t nepe-

IIJIeThI 6hIJIH MaCCHBHhIe. Hx AeJI8.JIH H3 n;eJIoro KYCK8 ,I1;epeBa H 06TSlrHB8JIH KomeH. KHHrH HMeJIH 60JIbmyIO I\eHBocTh, IIOCJIe lITeHH.f.[ HX 3RnHpaJIH H a a 8cTemKH. IIpollHTaTb BCro K B Ury OT H8lIaJI8 .0;0 K OHn;a -

3HallHT npo-

lIHT8Th OT ,I1;OCKH ,11;0 ,I1;OCKH; OT KOPKH AO KOpKH.

(B.B. BOAuI<a) • Ha~ 80 2-M a63au,e Io1MeHa cy~ecTBIo1TeJlbHble; nOCTaBb HX B q,OpMY f.1.n. eA. 4. 101 3anlo1W~ s. an;>aBIo1THOM nopSiAKe. ..

, :::::VL_;C:

24. npOl.iI,nai:1 npeAllO>KeHHSI, HaHAH H Bbrnl-tWJ1 cnoaa c 6YKBa~ 10101 It J.1 .... OnpeAenH, Atul '"Iera Hcnollb3YlOTCSI .. J.1 ... B cnoaax. , 0603Ha"ib opq:,orpaMMbl: pa3AellHTel1bHbie It H 'II, ynoTpe6netHe It AllJl 0603Ha""leHHJI MJlrKOCTI1 cornaCHblX.

JIYKOMOPhSl ~y6 aeJIeHhlH, 3JI8TaH n;enb l

1. y aa ~6e TOM. 2. OnacHO pa3'bea,mSTb no CBeTY ••• 3. II TpHIIl\aTlo BHTJl3en rrpeKpacHhlx "pelion H3 BOil BhlXOVIT HCHbIX, H C HHMH ,AH,zr;bK8 HX MOpCKOH.

26. npO"iHTai:1 H nepeCKa>KJ.1

!M)1IIl;eHbeM, K8..K JIcTpe6, 60raThIpb JIeTHT. 5. C BOCTORa JTheTCSI HQ't{H TeHh ' •• •

HaHAH npE!Al10>KeHHe,

KpacH8S1 KHHI'H

CTpOK8

PYCH Haq JIB neqaTaTb aeMHOI'HM 60JIee qeThI-

pex B_KOB ' Haa8.,ll;, a 11.0 3Toro HX rrepenHCblBaJIH 2 OT pyKH.

CaSQaJI8

TeKCT

II_caneH

CnJIOIDh ' , He

pa3,o;_JIHJICH Ha

CJI_Ba H rrpe,a;JIOmeHHSI . Hal.l8JIo n_BecTBoBaHHSI

6YKBOH, KOTopaSi BhInHChIB8JIaCh C He6_JI_IDHM oTcTynoM OT CTP_HHlJ,hI. TaKHe 6YKBhI HHor,o;a H Teneph BbI

BH,lLTe B RHHrax. KpacHaH 6YKBa H HHIO • UHcaTh C KpacHoH CTP _KH

A_JIa

.>KH3H_ Bblpame-

25 .

np041HaH npo ce6S1, a 3aTeM Benyx eTHxoTsopeHHe ~.A . npOKocpbesa. C nOMOwptO KaKHX 3BYKOS nOll e03AaeT snejaTneHHe nepeKaTblBatOw,HXCft BonH? • Bbl6epH H BblnHWH B ABa :Ton6HKa cnOBa : 1) C 6YKBaMH e, 10, ., 0603Ha'iatow,HMH OAHH lByK; 2) C 3THMH me 6YKsaMH, 0603Ha'iatow,HMH ABa 3ByKa. PaclonaraH cnOBa B ancpasHTHoM nopSiAKe.

BOJIHa, BOHHa -

Bce 3BYKH BJUUKHbl,

,D;a H CJIHJmCh B OAHH pa3Max.

npoH3Hec ceHlIac HX ABam,o;LI

JI_TOnHCe~

6_JI_IDOH KpacHoH, 3aMhICJIOBaTO pa3pHcoBaHHoH

JIeBOrO KpaSi

(A.e. IIywICuliJ

Bbt-

pa>KatOU4ee rnasHYto MblCIlb TeKeTa.

OTKPhIB8JI

CqaCTJIHBhIM nOJlb3YSlCb MrHOBeHbeM, K 06'bHTOH rOJIOBe

TeKel.

(BB. BOAulia J

• CnHwH, BCTaSnSlft nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl . • 0603Ha'ib opcporpaMMbl Ha MecTe nponYCKOB . • Bo 2-M npeAllo>t<eHHH BblAenH rpaMMaTH'ieCKYtO oCHoay, rpacpHl.jecKH 06bftCHH nOCTaHOSKY 3anSlTb1X. Kmoq eBble CJlOBa TeMLI: 3BYK

0603H8l.JeHHe

3SYKonHCb

6YKB8

§ 3.

3BYK H

rpa<l""'· 8JI(PRBHT

cnor

II OII\YTHJI HX Ha ry6axI .H

npoH3Hec HX CHOBa. BCKope

Ko MHe npHIDJlH H3,o;MeRa BOJIHeRhe peR, ,lJ;LIXaHhe MOPH

KOJIOKOJIhllHK pyqeHR8.

IIOBCIOA)' BOJIHLI, BOJIHbI, BOJIHLI, BeJIHROH DJIarH BellRLIH nyTh.

TaKOB "3hIKI

TpeneT nOJIHLIH

MOIO OXBaThIBReT rpYllb 'l

27. np0l.jHTaH TeKeT . KaK Tbl AYMaewb, 3a'ieM Hy>KHO YMeTb AenHTb cnosa Ha cnorH 8 YCTHOH H nHCbMeHHOH pe'tH? TLI nepenJILIJI pellKy, a TBOH TosapHm; OCTMeH Ha TOM

6epery. Thl KpH'IHmb eMY: .IIe-TJlI IIJIhI-BH eIO-lIa!. fuR ThI 3BOHHIDb no TeJIe<PoHY H, lIT06hI JIytlme paCCJIhlill8JlH TBOIO cpaMHJlHlO, Me,lJ;JleHHO H rpOMKO AHRTyemh: .nY-3hIpeB •• B 060HX CJIyqaHx ThI pa3,o;eJIHJl CJIOB8 Ha CJIOrH. B 06hNHOH Hameii pellH CJIOI'H TeCHO CuenJIeHhI APyr C ,1J;pyroM, HO BOT D03HHKaeT He06xo,o;HMOCTh npoH3HecTH CJIOBO HJIH HecKOJIhKO CJIOB rpOMKO H OTlIeTJIHBO, H Tor,o;a C~enJleHHe OCJIa6eBaeT, CJIOBO pacnfl,ll;aeTCH Ha CJIOrH, pa3AeJIeHHble naY38MH.

(H 3 «ih-lquKJl.oneoultecKo2o CJl.08apH IOHOZO r/JUJI,oJl,oza» • 3BOHHTb • 3BOHHT • 3BOHHT

• HaHp,101 S TeKCTe cnosa C Halo1MeHbWIo1M 101 Halo160nbWIo1M KOnW.teCTSOM cnoros. Bblnlo1WIo1 Io1X, pa3Aemifi Ha cnorlo1.

C-6emaTh,

MHOrOJI-HKHH,

28.

npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, ccpopMynlo1pYH YCTHO Hnlo1 nlo1CbMeHHO ero rnasHYtO Mblcnb.

B i\peBHocTH nHCMH Ha nanHpyce. IIanHpyc pacTeT no 6e. perllM peR H Ha OoJIOTax, HM BOIIOH nOi\HHM8RlTCH H3HII\HhIe* TOJI~HHOH B PYltY H BhICOTOH ,lI;0 TpeX

TpeXI'paHHhIe cTe6JIH

MeTpOB. H8 BepxymKe cTe6JUI rryqOK ,lI;JIHHHhIX H TOHKHX KOJIOCbeB, HsnOMHH81OlIl;HX napHK*, H BCe paCTeHHe KameTCH rpao;H03HbIM* H CTPOHHhIM C03,l1;8HHeM ,

3~YM'IHBO nOK8l1RBa-

lO~HM I'OJIOBOH.

6e3,n;-oMHhIH,

IIpaBHJIa nepeHoca CJIOB

ECJIR OCHOBa CJIOB8 COCTOHT He TOJIbKO 113 KopeH, Ta-

KHe CJIOBS Hy.mHO nepeHOCHTb, He pa36HB8H 'tI8CTH CJlOB8.

IIpd·~-rca,

6iei:U-JluBb/U.

3TO npaBHJIO He OTBOCHTCH K CJIOB8M, Y KOTOPblX KopeRh

Ha'!HHaeTCS! C 6YKBbl hi. PO-3bLZPbLLU (HeJIb3S! P03-bLZpbLLU ).

ECJIH CJIOBO COCTOHT 113 KOpHR H OKOlN8HHR, ero HymHO

nepeHOCHTb no CJIOraM.

Be-pe-3a.

IIpH CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHhIX

MO)KeT 6blTb HeCKOJIhKO B8PH8HTOB nepeBOC8.

(A.Il. Ka:JICaan) • Bblnlo1WIo1 sblAeneHHble Io1MeHa CYU4eCTslo1TenbHble S Ha"ianbHOH cpopMe, 1013MeHIo1 Io1X no naAe>KaM, nOCTaSb YAapeHlo1e . KaK 1013MeHlo1nOCb MeCTO YAapeHIo1f1? • CAenaH SbtSOA.

29. npOl.llo1TaH Yl.le6Ho-HaY"iHbIH TeKCT B paMKe • • 03arnasb ero . J.13 CKonbKIo1X "iaeTeH OH COCTOIo1T? nOcTasb Bonpoc K Ka>KAOH l.IaCTIo1. 3anlo1wIo1 sonpoebl. ,QononHIo1 TeKCT CSOIo1MIo1 nplo1MepaMIo1 • • nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, Io1cnonb3YfI sonpocbl. CJIOBa ,lI;eJISlTCSI Ha CJlOrH.

enor MO}KeT COCTOSlTb 113 Q,ZI;Horo 3BYKa, H3 ,lI;ByX H 60nee. B COCT8B CJIora B PYCCKOM H3hIKe 06R38TeJIbHO BXO,ll;HT I'JIac-

C-'LeX8Tb,

BAP-yr, CTP8HH-bIH, C6-pOCHTb.

Ce -cmpa,

eee-mpa, eeem-pa.

3. C

6YKB L, "L,

K01-Lb -KU.

om'O-e3a,

He MO)KeT HaQHH8TbCSI ROBaR CTpOK8 •

Mau - 1Ca.

HeJlb3S1 OCT8BJUITb Ha cTpoKe HJIH nepeBocHTb o,n;ay

6YKBY. A1<mU6-nO, ap-MUJl (HeJIb3H a-1<mU6nO, apMU-Jl). 5 . .l\Be OIlHHaKOBhIe 6YKBhI pa36HBalOTcSI nepeHOCOM.

Mac-ca, 8aH.-HaR.

9TO np8BHJIO He OTHOCHTCSI K H8l18.JIbHblM

ABOHHhIM COrJIaCRblM KOpHR.

Cco-pa,

nO-CCOpUJl.UCb (aeJIb3R

e-copa, nOC-COpUJlUCb). nOAYMaH, "ieM OTnlo11.1atOTCfI APyr OT APyra 3aKOHbi fl3btKa 101 npaslo1na nlo1CbMa. r)O"ieMY He06xOAIo1MO 3HaTb npaslo1na nepeHoca enos?

HhIH 3Byt(.

31.

CJIoru 6hIB8RlT YilapHh,e H 6e3YllapHhIe. Y,z:t;apeHHe -

3TO npOH3HomeHHe 0ABoro H3 CJIOI'OB C 60JIb-

meH CHJIOH. Y,n;apeHHe B PYCCKOM R3hIKe MO)KeT nMaTb Ba JI1060H cJIor, OHO MomeT nepeMew;aTbcH C o,n;Horo Ha ,n;pyrOH npH H3MeaeHHH CJIOBa.

Cnor

npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. LITO 3TO, nO-TsoeMY: onHeaHlo1e Io1nlo1 noseCTsosaHlo1e? • KaKlo1e eU4e nlo1Cl.llo1e MaTeplo1anbl Io1Cn0I1b30sanlo1Cb S ApesHOCTIo1? IIHCQHM M8TepH8JIOM, ynoTpe6JlHBmHMCSI B ,n;peBHOCTH, 6hIJI8 Koma.

MbI 30.

npeAllO>KeHHble nepeHocbl cnos Henpaslo1nbHbt. ,QoKa>K101 3TO, Io1cnonb3Y" npaslo1na nepeHoca cnos.

'/ .

I ~"= t

18 ...J ~

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" 60JIbmasr

He 3HaeM, Kor,ll;a HMeHHO H3 KO.mH CT8JIH H3rOTOBJISITb

nepraMea*. COXP8HHJIOCh npe,n;8HHe, 'IlTO ero HayqHJIHCb .u;eJI8Th B M8JI083HHCKOM ropo,n;e IIepr8..Me. Ha PYCR HanHC8HHble a8 nepr8MeHe rp8MOThl B83hIB8JIHCh Hepe,n;KO • KO)K8MH. lInH • TenHTHHaMH ••

§ 4. OpcjlorpBMMB. Ono3HBBBTem.HbIH npH3HBK

• Bblm1wI1 CHa"iana ABycnO>KHble cnosa C YAapeHHeM Ha nepSOM

:nore, a 3aTeM C YAapeHHeM Ha BTOPOM cnore . •

BblnHWH

cnosa

opcjlorpBMMbl. YcnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcjlorpBMMbl

: 60nbWJ.1M K01U1'"1eCTBOM enorOB, pa3Aemt HX Ha C110nt H AJlSl

1epeHoca.

33. npOYHTaii TeKCT . KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nOyeMY

IIop,liJoIC tjJonemu'tecICozo pa3(iopa

1. PS3..n;eJIHTb CJIOBO aa eJIOl'lI. 2. 3anHc8Th CJI0BO B TPaHCKPHUD;HH, nOCTaBHTb y,.n:apeHHe. 3. OxapaKTepH30BaTh 3BYKH no nopHIlKY . .D:JIH rJIaCHblX VK8aaTb, Y,z:{apHhle 3BYKH HJIH 6eay,n;apHhIe, K8.KHMH 6YXBB.MH )603HaQeHhI. ,ll;JISI COI'JIaCHhlX YK8a8Tb, 3BOHKHe BJIH r.nyxHe

:napHhle HJIH HenapHhIe), TBep,n;hIe HJIH MHI'Kue (rrapHhIe HJIH :lenapHhIe); KaKHMH 6YKBaMH 0603HaQeHhl.

4. YKa3aTb KOJIH'IeCTBO 3BYKOB H 6YKB. 06pa3el{ tjJonemu'tecICozo pa360pa Mapo3, MO-p03, 2 eJIOl'a. [Mapac] M - [M] - COI'JIaCHhIH, 3BOHKHH, HenapHbIHj TBep~blH, napHhIHj

o - [a] - rJIacHhIii, 6eaYi\apHblii;

p - [p] -

COI'JI8CBhIH, 3BOHKHH,

HenapHLdij

TBep,lJ;hIH,

napHhIii;

0 - [0] - I'JIaCBbIH, y.o;apHhIH;

3 - [el - COrJIaCHhIH, rJIYXOH, napBLIH; TBep)l;hIH, napHhIH. 5 6YKB, 5 3BYKOB

E~ npOYHTaH orpblBoK 1013 CTHXOTBOpeHHJI M .te. I1epMoHTosa. KaKHe 3BYKH nOMOratoT 3pHMO npeAcraBHTb KapTHHY, HapHcoBaHHYto TBOpyeCKHM Boo6pa>KeHHeM n03Ta?

PyCaJIK8 n JIblJIa no p_Ke r _ JIy6oii, 0 3apHeMa nOJIHOH JIYHOH; H CTapaJIaCb aHa ,n;onJI_ CHYTb ,n;o JIYUhI J Cep_6pHCTYIO' neay' B_JIHbI . • CnHWH, SCTaSnJlJl nponYU4eHHble 6YKBbl, nOAyepKHH H3yyeHIble opcporpaMMbl • • BblnHWH HMeHa npHnaraTenbHble, pa3AenH IX Ha cnorH . KJlIOQeBLle CJlOBS TeMbl:

aBYK CJ10r

YllapeHne

npaBl1n8 nepeHoca cnOB

I1l<1d~HOK no

np03BHU4Y .ntOABHr YeTblpH~Tblii He nOHJlI1 C80ero CTapwero 6paTa? YeMY npHAthcSI YYHTb I1tOASHra?

JIHcHTa BblUIMblrHYJIH H3 HOpbl. - BOT aTO rpHo, - 3aSlBHJI JIa6aR, nOKa3blBaa JIanKOR aa 60JIbUIYIO KpacHByro IIIJIHnKY. - I]lHnn? MeHH He 06MaHeIIIb, - paCCMeHJICH JIIOIIBHr 'IeThlpH8.A~aTblH. - Tbt XOqemh CKa3aTb, qTO ecJIH ee C'beCTb, 3TY lliJIHnKY 1 TO Momao 3a6oJIeTb?. - Tbl rJIynee, qeM H ,lIYMaJI, - npepBaJI era JIa68.H. - .H He HMeJI B BH,n;y HHKaKOH 60JIe3HH. :3TO rpHO. He rpHnn, a rpHo, nOHHMaemb? ~a, MHorOMY Te6H npH,n;eTcH yqHTL. (IIo Hny 31CXOJtbMY «Tymma KapJtccon, IIep6aJl u eouncmeennast. JlIooeuz l1emblpnaOl4-amblU u opyzue»)

1. ECTb 11101 B BblAel1eHHblX CI10Bax 6YKBbl, He COBnolAatOU4He co .fjJ 3sYKaMH? 2. HY>KHO 11101 3HaTb KaKHe-I1H60 opcporpacpHyeCKHe npaBHl1a, YT06bl He OWH6HTbCSI B HanHcaHHH 3THX 6YKS? 3. KaK Ha3blBaeTCSI HanHcaHHe, A11J1 060eHosaHHJI 8bl6opa KOToporo HY>KHO npHMeHHTb opcporpacpHyeeKOe npasHl1o? 4. Ha30BH opcporpaMMy-eornaeHYto 6YKSY S SblAeneHHblX el1OBax. BcnOMHH COOTBeTeTsytoU4ee opcporpacpHyeCKOe npaSHno. KaKaJl eU4e opcporpaMMa-corl1aeHaJi eeTb B OAHOM 1013 BblAel1eHHblX enos? KaK OHa Ha3blSaeTeJl? S. BblnHWH SblAeneHHble enosa, nOA6epH K HHM npOaepOYHble. 0603HaYb opcporpaMMbl . 6. 3aKOHYH npeAl10>KeHHe: OpcporpaMMa - 3TO HanHcaHHe, AflJI 06ocHoBaHHJI sbl60pa KOToporo He06xoAHMO •.. HanpHMep •.• Op<jlOrpaMMa - .TO HarrHcaHHe (6YKBa, np06eJI H liP·)· l..{To6bI Bbl6paTh np8BHJI.bHOe HanHC8.HHe, Heo6xo,n;HMO npHMeHRTb oPcPorpacpHQeCKOe npaBHJIO . nQn~, cag, YCIHblii, n0A.-ro-

po •.

OPlPOrPaMMhI B CJIOBaX II Mem;:J;Y CJIOBaMli MOJKHO HaHTH no OC06blM npHMeT8M -

on0 3Ha BaTeJIhHblM npH3H8X8 M .

Hanpa-

Ko'lj

B QlIR8X

CXB8THJl aepHO.,1

't.JHTaeT KHIDKKY"",

Mep, op<\lorpaMMY- rJIaCHYIO 6YKBY MomHo HaliTH no 6eaYl1ap-

CTapblli l1el1,

HOMY nOJIOmeHlUO I'JI8CHOrO 3ByKa B CJIOBe

BneTeJI B OKHC4,

MY-COI'JI8CHYIO 6YKBY

Momao HaHTH (yctHbIH).

(n~n~),

a optPorpaM-

Ha KOHU;e CJIOB8

(caA) HJlll

B CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHbIX

34.

,IJ;a RaK KpHKH e T,

YJIeTaH: -

B OT tITO 3 H a"lHT

Bopo6eli }

aalIRTaR!

Opcporp8.MM a .IIpoBepH eMble c o rJI 8 CHble B K o pHe CJIOBa.

Bcnyx AaHHbie cnOBa. Ha30BH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX Her op<po rpa MM . • Ha30BH cnoaa C opcporpaMMoi1-cornaCHOH 6YKB 0i1o 4 ro n OMorno re6e B 3TOM n OHCKe ? • KaK np0J.13HOCSlTCSI 3BOHKHe cornaCHble layK '" Ha KOHLI,e cnoaa J.1 nepeA rnyXJ.1MJ.1 cornacHblMH? A rnyxHe cornaCHble - nepeA 3BOHKHMH? 3anHWH 3TH 3SyKJo1 PSlAOM co cnOBaMH, B KOTOPblX eCTb opcporpaMMa. np0J.13HeCJ.1

tIT06b1 npaBHJIhH O 0603H8QHTh H8 IIRChMe IIapHble IIO rJIYXOCTH-3BOHKOCTH CorJIaCHbIe B RopHe CJIOBa, HYJKHO H3MeHRTh CJIOBO HJIII rro,np6paTh K HeMY TaKOe O,ll;HOKOpeBHoe, B KOTOPOM OOCJIe corJI8CHOrO CJIe,n;yeT rJI8CHblH 3By-K.

~~v

IIoa8ul. - nOa8U£!!.

VlaJ.KU -

ZAa ;!'yK.

0 1103HaB8TeJIb Hble npH3H8KH opcpor paMMbt -

R OBen; CJIOB8

H CTeqeHHe c orJI8CHblX .

Q6pa3eu 3an"C": cyrpoQ[n], HOl!lKa [w]. ,Z:tblM, CTOJI6, rpOM, JIeB, MeA, rryx, JIyr, MOP03 , Kopo6K8 , JI8BK8, 3ara,n;K8, HorTH, KOCb68, MOJIOTh6a .

Bce 11101 napbl 3S0HKHX 101 rny xHx cornaCHblX 3SYKOS npeAcTasl1eHbl HH>Ke? ECI1H HeT, npOAOI1>KH 3anHCb .

[6]

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[n]

['*'] [K]

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• KaKHe cornaCHble 3SyKH Tbl 3anHcal1? KaKHX napHblx no rnyxoCTH-3S0HKOCTH cornaCHblX HeT cpeAH HHX? nOA6epH H 3anHWH caOH npHMep c 3THMH 3sYKaMH .

36. K AaHHblM npHl1araTel1bHblM nOA6epH aHTOHHMbl C op-

~cnpasb

cporpaMMo~-nposepfieMoH cornacHoH 6YKSOi:t S KopHe cn osa

35. np04HTaH CTHxoTsopeHHe-wYTKY 6 .B. 3axoAepa.

nYHKTya4HOHHble oWH6KH, paccTasb 3anfiTbie KapaHAaWOM S Y4e6HHKe . • HaHAH H BblnHWH Cl10sa C opcporpaMMoH- nposepfieMoH corl1acHoH 6YKS0i:1 a KopHe Cl1osa . 0603Ha4b on03HasaTe11bHbie npH3HaKH, KOTopble nOMOratOT Te6e Hai:tTH 3Ty opcporpaMMY, ra110"lKOH (V ) caepxy . • nOA6epH npOSepO"lHble Cl10sa K AaHHbIM. KaKHe cnoco6bl nposepKH Tbl Hcnol1b30sal1? • 0603Ha"lb opcpo-

101 npOSepO"lHble K HHM.

rpaMMy . Q6pa3eu. 3an"C":

OpcporpaMMa « HenpOBepHeMbl e COrJIa CHble B Kop He CJIOB8.

IiPYt - APyq~· IIe cHK

CTpaHHblli BHI1:

Ifa pymhH CTpeJIHeT,..

Pe'lKa 3 8 ORHOM )

M 8JIb q HK

rOpHT~ qeii - TO AOM) XBOCTOM BHJISleT ,

• 0603Ha4b opcporpaMMY H ee ono3HasaTe11bHbl H npH3HaK. • CocTasb H 3anHWH npeAflO>KeHHe C ASyMfI np Hl1araTel1bHbIMIoo1-aHTOHHMaMIoo1 , COCTaab ero cxeMy .

IIp8Bo IIHc8HHe H e npOBepSleM bIX COr JI8CHbI X B R o pHe CJIOB8

rAe 110 CTaBHTb 3 8 U STYlO? OqeH b-Oq eHb

,lJ;8JIeKHH , llacTblH, m ecTRlfH, THJKeJIbIH , CMeJIblH.

q yrb He CJIOll8JI MbllliKY "

Ha,n;O 38TIOMHH8Tb.

~,~.

OnOaHaBaTeJIhHhle npH3HaKH Op<\lOrpaMMbI - KOHeI1 CJIOBa H CTe'leHHe COrJI8CHblX .

37. np04loo1TaH . 06bflCHIoo1 3Ha4eHHe C110a , 3anHcaHHbiX HH)f(e . • Ha~AIoo1 opcporpaMMy- corl1acHytO. Cnloo1wH , nOA61oo1pafl np osepo4Hble C110aa K AaHHblM. 0603H~a"lb 0f?CPorpaM MY ·

P06KHH (MaJIbIIII), pOnTaTL* (Ha CYIIL6y), Be3TH (6aralK), BeCTH (pe6eHKa 3a PYKY), YB"IIIIIHH (I1BeTOK), YB"3IIIHH (B cy rpo6e), H3MOPOCL (3a OKHOM), H3MOP03L (Ha BeTKax lIepeBLeB)_ opcporpaMMOHnpoaepfieMOH cornaCHOH B KopHe. 0603Ha'-lb opcporpaMMY . • 1113 enOB, AaHHblX B cKo6Kax, Bblnlo1WH cnoaa C

3anOMHH H pa3J1lf'1aH! seaTH

H3MOpO~h

pOIITaTb

Be!eTli

H3MOPO,tb

38. npO'-lHTaH.

Ha30BH

cep,I1;n;e, 3,11;paBcTByii, CKOJIb3KHH, meq,cKHH, qeCTHhIH, YCTHLIH, npeJIeCTHhIH, qyacTBoBaTb, yqacTBOBaTb.

KaKoMY nplo13HaKY Tbl MO>KeWb

HaH-

TH :ny opcporpaMMY? • BCnOMHJ.1 npaBJ.1flO npaaonHCaHIo1J1 HenpOH3H001MbiX comaCHblx B KopHe cnoaa.

KTO 6YKBY A lIo6aBHJI

HOHIo1Mbl e Henpolo13Hoelo1MblMIo1 eornaeHblMIo1 B KopHe. • 0603Halib on03HaBaTenbHblH nplo13HaK opcporpaMMbl 101 opq:.orpaMMy.

B eJIDBD

Xpa6phIH BOHB, neqaJIbHhIH B3rJIH,I1;, mecToKHH npoTHB-

TIPA3AHllK?

HRK, orpoMHhlH Meq, 3HaKOM8Ji p;opora, cKBepHaJI norO,l1;a.

HasepHoe, KaKoH-HH6~e TIPOKA~HllK!

(K. MUI"caAAepc, nep. r. KpY:H<lCOea) OpqmrpaMMa .HenpoH3HocHMhIe

COl'JI8CHbIe

B KopKe

CJIOBat

'llT06bI He omH6HTbCSI B aanHCaHHH CJIOB8 C aenpOH3-

aymao nO,ll;06paTb T81(Oe O,lJ;HO-

KOpeRHOe eJIDBD, B KOTOPOM 3TOT COl'JI8CHbIH rrpOH3HO-

CHTCSl

• KaKoe 1013 enoB Tbl He 3anlo1ean HIo1 s OAHY 1013 KonOHoK? nOlieMY? Ha30sIo1 101 3anlo1WIo1 HeeKonbKO enOB, B KOTOPblX HeT Henpolo13Hoelo1Moro eornaeHoro.

40. K nplo1naraTenbHblM S AaHHblX enOBoeOlieTaHIo1RX nOA6eplo1 CIo1-

TIpa311HHK

HOCHMbIM COI'JI8CHhIM,

HenpoH3HOCHMhIe cornaCBhIe B KODBe CJIOBa

KHH, HHTepecHblH, COJIHrr;e, YJIhl6Ka, CqaCTJIHBbIH, ,lJ;ep3KHH,

opcporpaMMy I KOTopafl BCrpe'"laerCfI

,poBepHeMhIe cornaCHbIe B KODDe CJIOBa

IIoBSl3Ka, 3Be3,lJ;HLIH, MecTHhIH, nOAPy~Ka, JIeCTHHo;a, pe3-

po.Q.KIIH

B BblAeneHHblX cnoaax.

e nposepOliHblMIo1 enosaMIo1 3anlo1WIo1 Io1X S eOOTseTeTSYtow.yto KonOHKy Ta6nIo1L.1,bI . • 0603Halib opcporpaMMbl . • K KaKIo1M enosaM Henb3R nOAo6paTb npOSepO"'lHble?

nepe,n; I'JI8CHblM.

~b(,it - ~umbl Qnuu - oQmb.

On03HaBRTeJIhHblH rrpH3HRK Op¢lOrp8.MMbI - CTeqeHHe COI'JIaCHhIX.

IIOlIcKR3Ka: rpycTHLIH, I'HI'aHTCKHH, 6e3)KaJIOCTHhIH, ,11;06JIeCTHhIH, HeHRcTHLIH, H3BecTHhIH.

41. npO"'lIo1Ta~ . • Bblnlo1wlo1 OAHoKopeHHble enosa, pa36eplo1101x no eoeTasy . • KaKlo1e opcporpaMMbl-eornaeHble 6YKBbi eCTb B 3TIo1X enoBad 0603Halib opq:.orpaMMbl, 3anlo1WH nposepoliHble enosa K AaHHbIM . CnoBo HCKYCHldH BOCXOP;HT K CTapOCJIaBHHcKoMY HCKYC (H HCKYC) - HCnhITaHHe, OIIhIT. HCKycHLIii - 3Ha'tlHT npome,o;IIIHii

HcnblTaHHe, XOPOIIIO 3HaIOlI\HH cHoe lIeJlO, YMeJlblH. HanpHMep, HCKycHaJI pa6oTa, HCKYCHhIH MacTep, repOllHH PYCCKOH

HapOIlHOH CKa3KH MapL"-HCKYCHHl1a.

39.

np0I.UnaH. no on03HasaTenbHOMY nplo13HaKY HaHAIo1 s AaHHblX enosax opq:.orpaMMbl-eornaeHble 6YKSbl, 3aTeM SMeeTe

CJIOBe HCKYCCTBO BhI,I1;eJIJIeTCSI TOT me KopeHb, a BTopaa

6YKBa C npHHR,l\JlelKHT CY<!><!>HKCY -CTB-.

• COCraBb npeAIlO>KeHHSI co CnOaaMI-i HCKYCHbIH, HCKYCCTBO

Ioi

co Cll0aaMH, BKl1lO""IeHHbIMH B paMKy.

TeKCT-OIIHC8HlIe CTPOHTCSI TaR: 1. 06~ee BIIeq8TJIeHHe 0 npe,ll;MeTe, SlBJIeHHH, RapTURe.

3anoMBH!

PacKpblTHe rrpH3H8KOB 3TOro npe,nMeT8, .R:BJIeHHSI, Rap-

TRHhI B onpe,ll;eJIeHHOH IIOCJIe,ll;OB8TeJIbHOCTH. HenpOH3HOCHMoro COrJI8CHQro BeT B CJIOBax:

6JIeCHYTb

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42 . Cnlo1wH, BCTaBb, rAe Hy>t<HO, "pO"y~eHHble 6YKBbl. Hanlo1wlo1 "pOBepo .... Hble enOBa K AaHHbIM • • 0603Ha .... b opcpo- . rpaMMy • • HaHAH B Ka>t<,qoH rpynne enOB OAHO nlo1WHee enoBo, nOA'"IepKHH ero.

1. 2. 3. 4.

JIec_HHu.a, yq:aC_HHK, oKpec_HocTb . Y m8c_HhIH, npeJIeC_HblH, BKYC_HhIH . Iloa_HRB, :3Se3_HbIH, MOP03_HhIH.

OueeR8 npe,o;MeT8, HBJIeHHH, KapTHHbI: BhIpaateHHe CDO-

ero oTHoDIesHSI K HeMY (K Heft). (Pp) 44. nOAP06Hoe H3no>t<eHHe TeKeTa-onHeaHHR.

1. npO .... HTaH 3arnaBHe. liTO Tbl Mo>t<eWb npeAnonO>t<HTb 0 eOAep>t<aHHH, 0 THne TeKCTa no 3arnaBHKl? 2. npO .... HTaH TeKeT. l<aKHe nplo13HaKIo1 rOBopfiT 0 TOM, .... ro 3TO TeKCT-onlo1eaHlo1e? 3. OnpeAenlo1 TeMY TeKeTa 101 TeMY Ka>t<,qoH .... aeTH. CoeTaBb 101 3anlo1wlo1 nnaH. BblAenlo1 B Ka>t<AoH .... aeTIo1 KnKl .... eBble enOBa.

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• B KaKoi:1 rpynne 11Io1WHero enOBa He OKa3anoeb?

43. npO .... J.1Tai1 OTPblBOK 1013 eTJ.1XOTBOpeHIo1f1 1< ..0.. 6anbMOHTa

•

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COJlB~e peme CMOOTCH,

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If OT UTJl1ILerO KpHK8 B cep~e TOJIhKO rpycTHee. < ... > • B BblAeneHHblX

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opcporpaMMbl, KOTopble Tbl Hawen no on03HaBaTenbHbiM nplo13HaKaM.

OnucaRHe - TIm peql{, B KOTOPOM paCKphIBaRlTCH nP1{3Ha· KH npe,ll;MeTOS, HBJIeHHH, mHBOTHhIX, 'tJeJIOSeKa. OnHcaHHe MomeT JIH60 H8'tJHH8TbCSI C o6m;ero n pH3H8Ka, JIH60 3aKaffllHB8TbCSJ HM. 06hI'tJHO B OIIRC8HHH rosOPHTCH O,ll;HOBpeMeHHO 0 HeCKOJIbKHX npH3HaKax.

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ShIH Mopoaen;.

(Ilo MM. IlpUWBuny)

4. nepe""Ta>i Ka>K,l\Yto YaCTb. 06paT" BH"MaH"e, KaKHe KapT"Hbl nHcaTe11b pJ.1cyeT enOBaMJ.1, KaKJ.1e npH3HaKJ.1 oeeHIo1 onHeblBaeT, Ha KaKHX AeTa11f1X oeTaHaB11J.1BaeT eBoH B3r11f1A. 5. nepeeKa>t<H Ka>KAYKl .... acTb TeKeTa e onopoH Ha n11aH J.1 K11Kl....eBble e110Ba.

6. 06pant BHHMaHl-le, KaKlo1e npeA"O>KeHHSI (npocTble, npOCTble c OAHOPOAHblMH "UleHaMH, cnO>KHble) Hcno11b3yeT aSTop. npOaHanJ.oi3H-

pya:t nocTaHoBKY 3HaKOB npem1HaHHSI. 7. nOA'"IepKHH H 06bSlcH.... B cnoaax H3BecTHbie Te6e op¢>orpaMMbl. 45. PaccMoTplo1 Ta6n1014Y. C onopoH Ha cOAep>+<aHlo1e Ta6nlo14bl COCTaab YCTHblH paccKa3 «no KaKJ.1M npJ.13HaKaM MO>KHO HaHTIo1 opcporpaMMbl a cnoaax 101 Me>KAY cnoaaMIo1». npH3HaKH otxboroaMM

rJIftCHble

6eaYllapHoe

6YXBbI

IIOJIOmeHHe rJIac-

IIpHMepbI

6YXBbI

KOBen; CJIOBa; CTelleBHe corJIftc-

MQPSI -

r7'-.

::lV ' A!leXaTb,

MQPe,

qHT~ (.qHtiTb - I cnp.);

MSIJ'KHe cor JIftCHble

aByx [H') nOCJIe co · I'JIaCHhIX

HMB Bbl60pa opcporpaMMhI. HanpRMep, B npBBRJIe

~ .- GbI:

CRT OT ,o;ByX YCJIOBHH: OT nOJI~H IIe~JIaCHblMH H OT

fpyc"IHblA- ~~~T; v

•

oceHll, BOJIhHhIH;

", [A'] ..,,,,[A'] JI~m, £1l~3,o;;

(3-e CKJI.),

Mopm

v I\Il] "" xOHI\e rJIllroJIOB; Y'lHThCH (Heonp. cp.);

HHSI;

Bepa(co6cTB.),focCHSI

(s06CTB.); IXcepllueH C Xa>KllbiM AHeM rJISlmy B CJIOBapb.

(C.H. MaprnBx) npo6eJI

•

IIpe,o;JIOI'H;

nO,lLropoH;

qaCTHIJ,a He

He XOqV (m.

CO'lleTaHHSI

cepe,ll;HHe CJIOBa nOCJIe

(2-e

-"'K0POQ2YKa.

47. npOI.{J.1TaH cnoaa • • PacnpeAenJ.1 J.1X no KonOHKaM, BcraanJu" rAe He06xoAJo1MO, HY>KHYtO 6YKay. npOaHanJ.13lo1PyH AaHHbie a 06pa3~e rpacpJ.1yeCKlo1e ycnoaJ.1S1 8bl60pa opcporpaMM, c J.1X nOMOUJ,btO acnOMHIo1 opcporpacplo1l.{eCKlo1e npaalo1na Hanlo1caHHSI 6YKB .. 101 .... • rpacpJ.1yeCKJ.1 0603HaYb ycnoBIo1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM. b Ha ROHu;e H B

mHIISlIQH e Ha KOHn;e HO~h CJIOBa; CKJI.);

Ha,,8.JIO npeIlJIO>Ke·

° HanRca·

HftXOJKAeHHSI B KopHe CJIOBa. ' KopOQKa

IIepe,o;

HMSI co6cTBeHHoe;

Oco6eHHOCTH CJIOB, KOTopble IIOMorruoT OlIpe,o;eJIHTb, liTO

HHH npOBepSleMhIX cor JIaCHbIX B KopHe CJIOBa RX Bbl60p 3ftBH-

rJIftCHblMH;

60JIbWHe 6YXBbI

Tbl MO>KeWb paCCKa3aTb 0 HamtCaHHH C110B, onlo1paSiCb Ha

HX rpacpw-teCKoe 0603Hal.{eHlo1e?

mYKa, LHH.3Hb;

Ha KOHn;e H B cepe,o;HBe CJIOBa;

HaXOAHTCSI opcporpaMMa?

CJIe,o;YeT IIHCaTb B TOM HJIH HHOM CJIyqae, Ha3bIBaIOTCSI yenoBH-

HhIX;

6YXBbI " H

KOTOPOH

5. 4TO 3anHcaHO B cKo6Kax PSlAOM C HeKOTOpblMJ.oi cl1oBaMH?

7. lIro

I'JI8.CHhIMH;

COrJIaCHlde

3Hal.(eHHSlX?

Horo 3BYKa;

mHnHnl're nepell

46. PaccMoTpH H npoaHanH3Hpya:t rpacpwolecKoe o603Ha'-IeHJ1e B cnoaaX-npJ.1MepaX Ta6mtL..I,bl ynp. 45. 1. 4TO o603Ha4aeT 3HaK V? 2. 4TO 0603Ha'-leHO OAHOH 4epToa:t? A AByMSI "'IepTaMH? 3. nO'-leMY He BO Bcex npHMepax eCTb 3HaK YAapeHHR? 4. n04eMY He BO Bcex npHMepax 0603Ha'-teHa .... acTb cnoaa,

6. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKOH CMbtCn CKpblT B rpaqntyeCKHX 060-

On03HOaTeJIhH.hJe Op<j>orpllMMbI

6YJCB. 0603Hft'llaIOJJJ;Hx

Pa3,ll;eJIHTeJIbHLIe

'IK, qa, U, JI1I,

nr;a,

HIQ;.

'hUh

PW;

MHI'KHe COrJIaCHbIe

06pa3eu 3anIo1CJ.1: CTe~!l. KO~~U.O

En_,

nO"T08b'" (6e3 b) rOHWHK (6e3 b)

CeM!l.~ ~

CbeMKa =-=

nOll_ Ta, 30p_Ka, pym_e, HO'tl_HOH, MM_ qHK, TIOJIeH_,

C60P_IIJ;HK, rop_KHH, XJIOII_H,

IITeH_qHK,

B_lOm HbIH, Me,o;Be,lL,

alIeJI

CHat

KaMeH_m;HK,

nOA_e3,o;,

06_HBJIeHHe,

•

II!lBHJIbOH

3,rt;opoB_ e, 60raTblp_ , npoc_6a, MOIILHbIH, .z:r;OQ_K8, Bopo6_H,

HIo1S1 . BKntO'"l101 B paCCKa3 caOH nplo1Me pb l • • .lloKa>KH, "4TO AIlS! Toro,

flOA-eM, naBRR_ oH, 6YRh_ H.

I.tTo6bl HaY'"IHTbCSI npHMeHSlTb opcporpaq:n1'"1eCKHe npaBHna Ha npaKTIo1Ke, Heo6xOAHMO 3HaTb nOHSITHSI, npeAcrasneHHble B 3TOM napa-

Opq,orpaMM8

4: YnoTpe6JIeHHe

rpacpe.

L An SI 0603HaQeHHH

M.HI'KOCTH COrJI8CHhlX 3SYKOB Ha rrHCbMet

BYKBa b 0603HaQaeT MHI'KOCTb COI'n8CHbIX nHCbMe Ha KOHne H B Cepei\HHe CJIOBa. J

3BYKOB aa

(Pp) 49. TeKCT-Onl-tCaHlo1e. npOYIo1Tai1 TeKCT, 03arl1aBb ero. KaKoe HaCTpoeHlo1e Bblpa310111 aBTop? nOAyepKHIo1 CI10Ba, KOTopble nOMorl1H HapHcoBaTb KapTHHY oceH",.

TIOAe.!!-b, Kane:!!:bKa. BYRnR L He ITHmeTCSl B COQeT8HHRX corJI8CHhIX 'tIK, lIB,

'IT , fill , J.IJ;H, IIID; ,

Ra K x o pom , K8K KpaCHB

OCHHOBblH JIec , oco6eHHo B .fICH bIe oce H H H e ABU.

pm;.

H..Il.H.ltUmb, nO.MO~U IC.

On03H8SaTeJIbH bIe npH3H8KH opq>orpaMMbI -

MJUKHe

COI'JI8CHhle aa KOHII,e CJlOBa H B CTeqeHHH COrJI8C HbIX.

Op<porpaMM8 "Paa,lJ;eJUiTeJlbHble

nypnyp-

H O-KpaCBbIH li 30JIOTHCTbIH ll,BeT OKpame aa JIHCTB8. ~BeTBbIM

oJ,

II mu'tICa,

TIPHI'JI .fIAHCb xopomeHhKo -

KOBPOM paCCTHJIalOTCH rro,lJ; ,nepe Bb.flMli orr8Bmlie JIHCTb.fl, a KOe-I'Ae BHAHbI KpaCBOBaTbIe III8.IIKH rr03AHHX rpu60B-nO,lJ;OCHBOBUKOB. Em;e ll,BeTyT rrOCJIeABHe D;BeTbI, CJIbIWBhI nTH'IhH I'OJIoca. I

II b *

Ii TOJIhKO

XOJIO,ll.HbIe o ceHHHe HOQU npeABelll,8IOT CKO-

phIe 3a Mop03KH.

Paa,n;eJ1I1TeJIbHbIH 'b DHlIleTCSJ TOJIbKO nOCJIe npHCT8BOR, OKaB"tIHBarom;HXC.fI aa COl'JIaCHbIe , nepe~ 6YKBaMH

10, 11 .

Od:{,,,-3a,

noltjiM.

Pa3,lJ;eJIHTeJIbHblH b IIHmeTCH BHyTpH CJIOB IIOCJIe 6YKB, 0603HaQalOJIViX COl'JI8C H ble 3ByRH ( He n OCJIe

10, H , H , a T8.KJKe B aeKOTOpblX HB01l3bNHbIX CJIOBRX nepe,lJ; 6yt<BOH O.

npHCT8.BOK), nepe,lJ; 6YKB8.MH e,

v apY~b~. v COJl.O~bU, v nOlima!l~gn. 6Yf}~_ n . BblOn, On03HaB8TeJIbHbtii np"3HaK opq,orpaMMhl - 3BYK [ il'] nOCJIe COrJI8CHbIX H nepe,lJ; I'JI8CHbtMH . -

- ---

KJIIO'IeBbJe CJIOBa TeM.bJ:

opq,orpaMMa

ono3H8BaTeJIbHbl H

npJ.i3H8X

opcpOrpaMMbJ

YCJIOBIUI BhlfioP8 op<llOrpaMMhl

48. CocTaBb YCTHblH paccKa3 no TeMe «OpcporpaMMa», HenOflb3YSl

enOBa TeMbl H HX OnpeAeI1e-

(IIo H .C. COICoAo8y-MuICumo8Y) • BblnHwH OAHoKopeHHbie cnoBa, BblnOI1HH HX pa360p no coCTaBY· (Pp) 50. COYHHeHHe-onHcaHHe no nHYHblM BneyaTneHHflM. HanHwH C04HHeHHe-onHcaHHe Ha TeMY «OceHHHH nec».

1. nOHa611fOAaH 3a npHpoAoH, 3a KpacKaMIo1 H 3BYKaMH oceHH . 2. nOAYMai1 HC!A 3aMblCI10M C04HHeHHfI, ccpopMynHpyi1 H 3anHWH rnaBHYIO MblCl1b, pa604Hi1 nnaH . 3. nOAYMaH, KaKHM 06~HM npH3HaKOM oceHH 6YAeT HaYHHaTbCSt TBOe onHcaHHe, KaKHe npH3HaKH Tbl 6YAewb onHCblBaTb . 4. HanHwH nepBblH BapHaHT TeKCTa Ha 4epHoBHKe, 3aTeM npoBepb, cooTBeTcTByeT I1H TeKCT nl1aHY, nonYYHnOCb nH onHcaHHe (onHeaHbl 11101 npH3HaKH oceHH B npHpoAe, Ha3BaH nH 06~HH npH3HaK B Ha4ane HnH B KOH4e e04HHeHHSi, Bblpa>KeHO I1H CBOe OTHOweHHe K KapTHHe oceHH). CAenaH Heo6xOAHMbie HcnpaBneHHSi. 5. npoBepb HanHcaHHe el10B, nOCTaHOBKY 3HaKOB npemtHaHHfI. 6. nepenHwH TeKCT Ha 4HCTOBHK.

§ 5.

HOPMbl npoH3HoweHHII 3BYKOB pe'lH

Be,n;a - JIeCOK - ce,n;oH - 3eMJIa. BHceTb -

51. Bbl6epH 1013

B03MO>KHbIX SapJ.oiaHTOB npOH3HoweHI,HI enOB npaBJ.1nbHbl~ • • 06bSlCHH eBOH Bbl6op.

BOlla B [O]lIa ---- B [a]lIa

'Ia,l\HTb ./ 'I [H]IIMTh "'I [a]IIMTb

rpH6(r p H [6] rpH [n]

CH,n;eTb -

l11aBeJIb /"111 [H] BeJIb '111 [a] BeJIb

/ po [r] por" po [K] po [x]

3HMa .

55. npO'"lHTaa:i TeKeT S paMKe. 03arnasb ero . • Pa36eH TeKeT Ha CMblenOSble '"IaCTH . nOcTaBb K Ka>t<AoH 4aeTH 80npoc. COCTaBb nnaH . • nepeCKa>KH TeKCT no nnaHy. KaKHe Hoabie caeAeHHS'I Tbl nonY'"lHn?

JIHTepaTYPHhIH H3bIK HMeeT HOPMbI (IIpaBHJIa) npOH3HomeHHa . HopMaMH npOH3HomeHHa H y,n;apeHHa 3aHHMaeTca HaYKa op«l>oanHH (OT

_II [0] pa IIopa ----II [a] pa

JIHCTaTb -

HhIH H .anOC» -

zpett • • op<pOC»

npaMOH, npaBHJIb-

pe'tJ:b). OHa orrHChIBaeT He TOJIbKO HOPMbI

rrpOH3HomeHHH, ocoGeHHocTH 3BY'tJ:aHHa HeKOTopbIX CO'tJ:eTaHHH 3BYKOB, rrpaBHJIbHylO nOCTaHOBKY y,n;apeHHH B PYCCROM H3hIRe, HO H Bce pacxom,n;eHHa B HanHcaHHH H npOH3Home-

52 .

npOLlJ.1Taa1 MY>KCKlo1e J.1 >KeHCKHe OT'"IeCT Ba.

CosnaAaeT

m1 npolo13HoweHHe C Ham1caHHeM? liTO npOHC XOAHT C 3nlMH CI10BaMH npJ.1 n pOH3HoweHHH?

nOyeMY

Tbl J.1 X np0J.13HOCHWb

HMeHHO TaK?

AHTOHOBHl:J, CeMeHOBl-PI, CTenaHOBH't{, cI>e,l1;OpOBHQ,

Ba-

CHJIbeBHa, EBreHbeBHa, TPOc:pHMOBHa, AHToHOBHa.

53.

np04J.1Tai1 u.enOL.tKH CIlOB.

KaKoH

3syK o603Ha4eH B

6e3YAapHoM n0110>KeHIo1J.1 6YKsaMJ.1 a H 0 nacne TsepAblx cornacHblx? • V13MeHH cnoaa TaK, 4T06bl 6e3YAapHbll1 rnacHblH 6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3syKJ.1 B 310M cnyyae 0603Ha4aK>TCSI 6YKsaMJ.1 a J.1 o? ,l1;aBHo -

Bo,n;a -

Ka3HHTb Hora -

MaJIbIm - marrYH -

GOJIeTb -

XO,n;HTb -

caMa.

rOCTHTb.

54 . npO'"lHTaH u.enO'"lKH enoa. KaKoH 3SyK 0603Ha'"leH a 6e3YAapHoM nono>+<eHHH 6YKaaMH A, e, H noene MS'lrKHX eornaeHblX? • J..13MeHJ.1 enoaa TaK, '"ITo6bl 6e3YAapHblH maCHblH 6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3SyKH a 3TOM enY'"Iae 0603Ha'"latOTeS'l 6YKBaMH A, e, H? THHYTb -

B3aJIa -

KJIHJIaCb -

cHami.

HHH CJIOB.

BOT HeCKOJIbKO op<jlosIInqeCKHX HOpM (npaB"JI) PYCCKOro H3hIRa.

B IIepBoM npellYllapHoM CJIore [a] H [0] nOCJIe TBeplloro co· rJIaCHOrO IIPOH3HOCHTCH KaK [a]: S[O]lIhI - B [a]lIa, K[O]ChI R [ a] ca. STO Ha3hIBaeTCH

aKaHbeM» •

B nepBOM rrpe,n;Y)J;apHOM CJIore nOCJIe MHfROfO COfJI8CHOrO [a], [e], [0], [H] npon3HOCHTCH KaK [H]: [T'it]HeT - T[n]HYTb, [6'a]lIhI - 6[n]II", [II'M]meT - n[H]caTb, [T'O]K - T[n]KJIa. STO Ha3hIBaeTCB 4: HKaHbeM» • B KOHn;e CJIOB H B HX Cepe,lI;HHe nepe,n; r JIYXHMH cor JIaCHbIMH 3BOHRHe COrJIaCHhIe orJIymalOTCH: HCTpe[G]bI -

HCTpe[n],

Tpa[ B]it - Tpa[ <jl ]Ka. QTo6bI JIy'tJ:me 3HaTb HOpMhI rrpOH3HomeHHH, HymHo nOJIb30BaTbCH op<po::mHQeCKHM CJIOBapeM.

56. npOH3HeeH cnoaa a eOOTBeTCTBHH e HOpMaMJ1 npoH3HoweHHS'I. EenH eOMHeBaeWbCS'I, nOCMOTpH B opcpo3nH'"IeeKOM enoaa-

pe HnH • KOHL\e y"e6HHKa Ha c.

196.

llTo, 'tJ:To6hI, nOHHJI, 3eJIeHoro, 6aJIOBaTbCH, TBOpOf, ap6Y3, ,n;OKYMeHT, KpaCHBee, o6ecrre'tJ:eHHe, cJIyqaH, CTOJIHp.

• COCTaBb ABa npeAflo>+<eHHS'I e 3THMi-1 CnOaaMJ.1 . nOA'"IepKHH rpaMMaTH'"IeCKYtO oeHoay.

57. npOl.jJo1Ta~ TeKel, 03arnaSb . C>+<aTO 1013110>+01 era cOAep>+<aHHe . • CnHwIo1, BCTaBnsu~ nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. 0603HaLtb opcporpaMMbl Ha MeeTe nponYCKoB . KaKosa HopMa npoH3HOWeHI<i~ cnoaa Aocyr? BblmtWH era, nOCTaSb YAapeHHe . • KaKHM opcp03m1 .... ecKHM HopMaM nOALtJ.1HSleTCfI npoH3HoweHHe BblAeneHHblX

enos?

IIpei\CT_ BJUllO, KIIK BbI Y/LBHTeCb, eCJlH Y3S8_ Te, qTO mKOJIa no-rpeqeCKH 3Haq_ T • .zr;ocyr •• He npaBi\8 JlH CTpaHHO: mKOJIa - H Bi\PY_ i\ocyr? AeJIo B TOM, 'tfTOI rpeKH no,o; ,n;ocyroM nOApaaYMeB8.JIH He 6e3i\em.e, a CB_ 60i\Hble, Ha i\ocyre, D_Cei\L1 ' MYi\P_nOB-<PHJlOCO$OB*

CB_HMH yq_ HHKaMH 0 pa3HbIX HaYKax.

§ 6_

6YKBbi 0,

e nocne WHnAIqHX •

59. npOLtJ.1TaH cnoaa Bcnyx. KaKoH rnacHblH 3SyK CllbIWJ.1TCSI nOA YAapeHHeM nocne WHnJlw,ero B KopHe Bcex cnoB? A KaKHe 6YKBbl nHwYTcfl? • CcpopMynHpyii npaBHno caMOCTOfiTenbHO. AononHH rpaqnt.... ecKoe o603Ha .... eHHe ycnoBHii Bbl60pa opq,orpaMMbl.

~ fuopOx illoil

QhIH

~ ~hIH ~Ka

CaMbIe HaCTOJlIr(He aaHSlTHSI, r.zr;e ,o;eTJlM npenO,lLBBJIH

QTeHHe, nHC_MO, ClJeT, rHMH8CTHKY, MY3hIKY, n033Hro, opaTopCKoe* HCKYCCTBO.

(B.B. BOAuIla)

• ,l\Qcyr qlHJIOCOIj>

~HhIH ~blH

~------~v__- - - - - -_____ UCKA.

BHa'llaJIe npOBJ];HJIHCb TOJI_KO 6_ce.n;hI, HO n03,l{Hee nO_BHJlHC&

KopHe enOBII

OpqlOrpaMMa .BYKBbI 0,

e nocJle mHnlllI\Hx B KopHe

f - I _ _- - ,

CJIOBa. ECJIH B RopHe CJIOB8 oocJle m Hrr.R:m;erO nOA Y A a p eHHeM CJIhIm H TC.R: [0] , TO H8.,lI;O OHC8Th

.--------;-----

r---.,

l1cKJUOQeHHSl : KPbl:JICQ8H. U IC, ULQP OX, W Q8, "anIOUL~ H.,

58. CmtWH. nOA .... epKHH H3BeCTHbie Te6e opq:,orpaMMbl. • CocTaeb H 3anHWH ceOH npeA110>KeHHfI co cnoeaMH OtcYHH H OKY"", nOA.... epKHH B HHX rpaMMaTH .... ecKylO OCHOBY.

-~-

Ma~gp H.bL U.

:tQnopn bLU.

f!ii;;;c08bLU ;

~ (UCKJI.) .

Orr03 H8.BaTeJIhm.I..H IIpH3HaK o pqmr psMMbI - mHII~He nepe,n; rJIaCHhIMH.

MHe CJIOBO l:;r YAHo

CKopeH, ceCTpa, Ha phI6

H3MeHHTb HeTpYi\HO: IIoCTaBHM Yi\apeHHe Ha

B3rJIHHH ,

0 -

DOnaJIHCh aa KproQOK 2 OHH ,

B Bei\epKO PYKY OKYH",

HCqe3JIO qy,n;HO, J

He 60HC.a:: aTO OKYHH.

POAHJIOCh qY,lJ;HO •

(9. K03A08C ICUU) KJIIO'leBbie CJIOBa TeMLI: rrp0113HOWeBHe

Y,lIapeHHe HOpMhl

nonp06yii nOA06paTb K cnoeaM Hdinn.IH, wenoT, '4epHblH OAHOKopeHHbie cnoea-rnaronbl, a K cnoey aqenKa - OAHOKOpeHHoe cy~ecTeHTenbHoe . KaKYIO 3aKOHOMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn? • EcnH Tbl CAenaewb eepHblii BblBOA, TO OTKpoeWb e~e OAHH BapHaHT opcporpaq:,H .... ecKoro npaSHna.

I 60. np04HTaH AaHHbie cnOBa. YCTHO 06'bHCHH ycnosHH sbl60pa 6YKS 0, Hcnonb3YH mo60H sapHaHT npasH11a . • 06'bHCHH 3Ha1oleHHe BblAeneHHblX cnOB.

jKe;ry,n;b, mecTKHH, n'tleJIK8, wopox, npHlIecK8, WenOT, lIO-

qeJIOBeK, qpeaMepHO CTPOI'HH B nOBe.o;eHHH qeJIOBeK, JII06HW;HH HspSlmSTbCSI TORKaSl BepeBKs

6eq_BKa

60,ll;PhIH , BeCeJIhIH

0)1(

nopHLIii::, IIJ;eqKH, peme-rK8, mOB, qeJIKa, qepCTBblH, KpblmOBHHK, qepHblH, neqeBKa,

m_JIo6 Q_ITOPRblH IILrOJIh

nOJIYKpyrJIOe yrJIy6JIeHHe B 6peBHe o6ommeHHoe MeCTO Ha TKaHH opraHHaMS

MamJ)HhIH

MamopHbIii:.

• CocTasb npeA1l0>KeHHH c ASYMSI mo6blMH cnoaaMH 1013 neaOH KonOHKH.

• CnpasHncJd A Tenepb 3amtWH AaHHbie cnosa SABa cTon6HKa (C 6YKBOH 0 101 C 6YKSOH e) 101 rpacpH4eCKH 0603Ha4b ycnoBHH Bbl6o-

pa 6YKB 0, ii.

3SnOMHH H paaJIHqaii!

0"'2r (cYi4.) PyKH

61 . CnHwH cnOSOC01oleTaHHH, SCTasnHH nponyw,eHHble 6YKSbi 101 rpacpH10IecKH o603Ha4aH ycnosHH sbl60pa H3Y1olaeMoH opcporpaMMbl.

o",i,ir (Maz.) PYKY

Opq,orpaMMa .HenpOBepHeMhIe rJISCHhIe B KopHe CJIOBa*

A_YP8TH8S1 'tI_JIKa, POBBblH ill_ B, ill_JIKOBOe WIaT_e , y30pBaSI pem_ TKa, 3y6BaSl IIJ;_TKa, CneJIblH Kpblm_BHHK, nyra-

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• COCTaSb 101 3anHWH npeAflO>KeHHH C TpeMH mo6blMH CIlOSOCo4eTaHHHMH 1013 AaHHbIX.

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62 . nOA6epH K AaHHblM cnosaM OAHoKopeHHble, s KOTOPblX rnacHblH nocne wHnHw,ero HaXOAHTCH nOA YAapeHHeM. • 3anHwH, rpactm4ecKH o603Ha4b ycnosHH Bbl60pa AaHHoH opcporpaMMbl no 06pa34Y. • KaKoH Sap}o1aHT npasHna npeAcTasneH S 3TOM ynpa>KHeHHH? Q6pa3eu 3anHCH:

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• ,QononHH ynpa>KHeHHe

2-3

npHMepaMH.

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•

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6S . CnHWH, aCTaanHH nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbi 11 3HaKH npenHHaHHH . • rpacpH4eCKH 0603Ha4b ycnoBHH Sbl6op~ opcporpaMM.

1. B

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(Pp) 68. COl.fHHeHHe-onlo1caHlo1e neH3a)f(a no KapTIo1He 111.111. IlesHTaHa «30noTaSi oceHb».

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CJIOBO cHer, eCTb TaKJRe CJIOBO Kpyna (cHer, KOTOPbIii ua,ll;aeT

§ 7. neKcHKa. neKCH'IeCKOe 3Ha'leHHe cnoaa 69.

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• CpaBHIo1 neKCH"IeCKOe H rpaMMaTH"IeCKOe 3Ha"leHHe cnOB IKTHIHblH H naCCHIHbIH. KaKOM BblBOA Tbl MO>KeWb cAenaTbl • .QonJ.1wJ.1 HeAOCTatoU,V1e B onpeAeneHJ.1H cnOBa.

u. {f1{!J(U

B ynp. 69. HaHAIo1 101 np04101TaH B TonKOBOM cnOBape Y4e6HIo1Ka 06'bSlCHeHlo1e (TonKoBaHlo1e) neKCIo1"'1eCKOrO 3Ha"'1eHIo1S1 3Toro cnoBa • • A Tenepb onpeAenlo1 Y rnarona .oo6pa)l(aer BpeMSI, nlo1up 101 "'1J.1cno • • npJ.13HaKJ.1, KOTopble Tbl nepe"'1J.1cnHl;Ub, - 3TO rpaM-

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npO"'1Io1TaM TeKCT npo ce6S1. LITO HOBoro Tbl Y3Han? • OTpa-

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CJIOBapHLIH aanae - "TO CJIOBa, CJIOBapHLIH aanae - "TO CJIOBa,

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TOJIKOBb!ii CJlOBapb B.ll. )l;aJI" BJI8,I\HMHp llBaHOBH'l )l;aJIb (1801 - 1872) 6hlJl 'Ie· JIOBeROM p a 3HOCTOPOHHHM H, n o OT3bIB8.M 3H8BmHX ero JIIO,o;eH, qpea BbI'IaHHo o,o;apeHH bIM ••• Ho B BCTO·

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77 . nOHa6ntoAaH, KaKHMH eL4e cnoco6aMIo1 MO)t(HQ AaTb TonKosaH",e neKCH"IeCKoro 3HaLteHIo1S1 cnosa.

"....-

1) HacYnHTbclI (paar.). To me, qTO HaXMy pHTbClI. 2) JIernHH. IIpoTHBon. TSI.meJIhIH. JIeZlcuu p1OK3aK . JIerKHH. llpoTHBon. TPY~Hbdi. JIezKuit iJUI,manm. 3) BeccMeHBJ.Iii. TaKOR, KOTOPOro HeJIb3S! HJUr He XOtleTCSI CMeHHTb, aaMeHHTb .

BeCCMeHHblU PYK060iJumeJLb xopa.

• 06"bACHJ.1 nYTeM nOA6opa CJ.1HOHHMOB HllH aHTOHHMOB 3Ha""leHHe enos y ......T..e. (lAan.. ), OCTp.. 1ii (MOIH) . • 06".CHH 3Ha4eHHe ell0B '"Iepe3 3Ha'"leHHe '"IaCTeH OCHOB 3TIo1X enOB (npHcraBOK, KOp-

79. npO'"lHTaH reKCTbl.

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(JIB. To;,cmou)

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78.

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CTBOBaTb HacTpoeHHe • • 06paTH SHHMaHHe Ha BblAeneHHble cnOBa. nOAYMaH, nO'"leMY aBTop Bbl6pan HMeHHO 3TH cnOBa (cpaSHH C

m.C. Ca..wu ..o.)

sapHaHTaMH, AaHHblMH B cK06Kax) • • npH He06xOAHMOCTH YTO'"lHH n o cnOBaplO neKCH'"IeCKOe 3Ha'"leHHe sblAeneHHblX enOB. LITO H3MeHHTeSl, eenJ.1 BMeCTO HHX ynoTpe6HTb APyrHe 6nH3KHe no cMblcny enOBa?

CpasHH sapHaHTbl OAHoro 101 Toro )t(e npeA110)t(eHHSI 1013 XYAO-

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Ha JIec, aa JIarepb BaBaJIHB8.JIaCh (llIJIa, H8,lI;BHrBJIach) rpo-

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•

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• Tenepb npO~HTaH cnoBapHYtO craTbtO ~3 «CnOBap~ PYCCKDro Sl3b1Ka» C . VI. O>KerOBa. KaKYtO HHq:,OPMal..V1tO 0 cnOBe OHa COAep>KHT? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, ~TO 3amtcaHO nOA u,HcppaMH 1, 2, 3?

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• rpacP~~ecKH o603Ha~b ycnoBHe Bbl60pa H3y~eHHblx opcporpaMM B 1-M npeA110>KeHH .... CBoero TeKCTa . KnlOtleB ble C..'10B3 TeM bl :

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1).

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84.

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MeHH OXBaTHJIO BOJIHeHHe; BOJIBeHHe Ha Mope. MaMa BOJl-

COnpOBO>KAaeT TOIlKOBaHHe nepeHOCHoro 3HaLteHHSI cnosa.

HyeTcH; Mope BOJlHyeTcSI; *BOJIByeTcH meJlTelOm;aSl HHBa ••

Ra qeTBepTOH illKOJIhI-KOMMYHhl BhIlIIJIH BnOCJIe,o;CTBHH HaBecTHhle H YBamaeMhIe JIlO,o;H.

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c. 26-27, TeKCTa-OnHCaHJ.1S1 . HamlwH

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3KHna)t(? • KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nO"'leMY 0 cnOBe HOC HanHcaHa OAHa cnOBapHaR CTaTbS! , a 0 cnOBe 3KHna)K -

ABe?

90. npo"no1Ta~ WYTOI.IHOe CTHxoTBopeHHe M . MIo1TpeHtU1Ha. 06pant BHHMaHHe Ha BblAeneHHble cnoaa. OnpeAel1J.1, 3AeCb

92.

~.6. rOlly6 B OAHOH J.13 CBOJ.1X KHJ.1r AIlSl WKOllbHJ.1KOB. npoBepb ce6S1

ynoTpe6neHo OAHO cn080 Koca B TPEh pa3Hbix 3Hal..jeHH~X HnJ-t

(c .

TP'" coaepweHHo pa3Hbix cnoaa Moca? npoaepb eBOH npeAno-

MaMH.

KIlK /leB'IOHKa C KOCOK peQHOIO KOCOK

TpaBhI ROCHT KOCOK.

o61..1.4ero

CocTaBb J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1 npeAllO)f(eHJ.1S1 co CllOBaMJ.1-0MOHJ.1-

K8.KorO KpaHa He JIbeTCSI BOAa?

2 . KIlKOH JIyK He KJIa,u;yT

CMOTPHT 3aHRa KOCOR,

• nOHa6ntOAaH, '-fTO

205) . •

1. lia

110>KeHHJI no TOIlKOBOMY cnoaaptO.

QrraAaH 3araAKJ.1, KOTopble npeAllaraeT y ... eHbIH-llJ.1HrBJ.1CT

Y BblAeneHHblX enOB H l.IeM OHJ.1 01-

cyn?

3. KaKOH mypaBJIb HHKorAa He JIeTaeT? 4. B K8.KHX JIecax BeJIh3S1 3a6JIYAHTbC.a:? 5. KaROH ry6KoH BeJIb3JI MhITbCSI? 6. KaKOH JIonaTKoH He BCKonaemb rpSlAKY? 7. KaRaH ryceHu:a;a He rO,zi;HTCSI AJISI TaHKa?

llHyatoTCJI.

93. O MOHHMId - aTO CJIOB8 , KOTOPble O,ll;HH8KOBO DH m YTCSJ II rrpOH3H OCSiTCH, 80 Me*,lI;Y H X JIeK CIilJ.eCKHMH 3Ba'tJe HHSIM H B eT

n03HaKoMbcSI co clloBapHblMH CTaTbSlMIo1 1013 «CllOBapSi OMo-

HIo1MOB pYCCKoro Sl3blKa» (aBTop-COCTaBIo1Tenb O.C. AXMaHOBa). KaKYtO Io1HcpopMa~lo1K> MO>KHO H3Bne ... b 1013 3Toro CllOBapfil

HHK8KOH CB Sl3H.

JIaKKa JIaiht8

91 .

npOYHTaH

npeAn0>KeHHR. B KaKOM 3Ha4eHHH ynoTpe6ne-

HO B Ka>KAOM 1013 HHX enOBO KnlO'IH? ECTb 11101 CMblcnosaSl CBSl3b

co61lK ... JIaKKa

I. II.

Ha3BaHHe IIOPOAhI OXOTHUQbHX, IIPOMhlCJIOBhIX

COPT MHrKOH Komll .... JIaU/c06blU.

Me>t<p.y 3THMH CIlOaaMI1?

'YXO,l1;H H3 ,ItOM8, SI Bcer,n;a

6epy

co6oH

llJIllBHTh I - II KJIIOllH OT KBap-

Tllphl.

I - II

nn8BHTb

I ....

IIJIaBHJIbHHK, UJI8BHJIbHblH,

IIJIaBK8,

I. IIJw6umb MemllJt.l!, 'tyzyn, Meob, pyoy.

IIJI8.BKHH, cumlBHTb

KJIIOl{H OT CqaCTbSl meHCKoro, OT HameD: BOJIhHOH

BOJIlOmKH, aa6pomeHhl, nOTepHHbI •••

3. B

(H.A.

HeKpacoB)

nJl8BHTb

rJIYXOM OBpare 6hlOT qHCTbIe cTYAeHble KJIlOqH.

II ....

CrrJIMHTb

II,

CllJI8.BIIl;HK.

IIJla6umb /lee , 6pi!6na.

94.

CocTaBb 101 3anlo1WIo1 cnOBoco ... eTaHIo1S1 Io1nlo1 npeA110>KeHIo1S1

OMOHHMJd HymHo OT JIHQaTb OT MHor03H8'1HhlX CJIOB.

C OMOHIo1MaMH. npH Heo6xoAlo1MOCTH MO>KHO YTO ... HHTb neKCIo1-

ECJIH MeJKAY AByMH CJIOBaMH, OARHaKOBhIMH no 3ByqaHHIO

... eCKoe 3Ha ... eHlo1e no cnoBaptO OMOHHMOB Hnlo1

H HanHcaHRIO, eCTh CMhlCJIOBaH CBH3b, OHH He HBJIHIOTCSI OMOHHM8MH.

Kl£lOl£U

TonKoBoMY

cnoaaptO. t

om 1C6apmUPbt

Ii KJUOI£U

om CllaCmbJl. -

MHOr03H8'LJ-

HOe CJIOBO B npSIMOM H rrepeHOCHOM 3H8qeHHH. KI£JOI£U

KOBeK t , KOTHK, JIHTb, HorOTKH, OQKH , rrapK, rrepeBecTH, UJIHT8, nO,lI.XO,ll;HT 2, ThMa, YBH3aTb, yxo,re , 3KHnam.

K~'1lOqeBbJe CJIOBa TeMbI:

/C6apmUPbl Il /ClUO'tU (pOI\HHKH) - OMOHIlMhI.

JIeKClf4eCKoe 3H8 1 leHHe CJIOB8

CJIOBapb OMOHliMOB

MHor03H8l.JHble CJlOB8

TOJIKOBbIii CJIOB8Pb

, O,.,OHJ.tMbI

§ 8.

CHHOHHMbl

CHHOHHMLI - STO CJIOBa O,n;HOH H TOR )Ke qRCTH petJ]1, KOTOp hIe 0603HaQruoT O,n;HO Ii TO

95. np0l.uHai:1

OTpblBKH

1013

KHJ.1rH

to .K. OneWJ.1 «Tp/.1 ToncTJI-

Ka» • • 06paTH BHIo1MaHJ.1e Ha BblAeneHHble napbl enOB. BcnOMHIo1, KaK Ha3blBatOTCSJ TaKHe cnoaa, 410

HJ.1X o6~ero J.1 "'4eM OHJ.1

OTIlJ.1l.fatOTCSI, KaKYtO ponb HrpatOT B pel..lJ.1 • •

AemtTb, SlBnsllOTCSI nJ.1

CHHOHHMaMJ.1

BblAeneHHble cnoea , C KaKoi:1

~enbto aSTOp Hcnol1b3yeT "'X B TeKeTe. KOBOMY

pSi

cnoaapto,

nonpo6y~ onpe-

nposepb

ce6S1 no T011-

o6paTHcb K cnoaapHblM CTaTbSlM \.13 Cll0Ba-

CHHOHHMOB.

me,

HO MOI'yr OTJI1.ItIaThCH ,n;pyr OT

,n;pyra OTTeHKaMH JIeKCH'tIeCKOrO 3HaqeHHH H ynoTpe6JIeHHeM B peq H.

J(YMamb, MbLc.numb. P aaOcmb, Jl,Ulcoeanue.

CJIOBO *CHHOHHM. npoHcxo,n;HT OT

zpett .

synonymos - O,n;HO-

HMeHHbIH. CHHOHHMOB B O,n;HOM pH,n;y MomeT 6bITh ,n;Ba, T pH H 60JIhIIIe. 3aaHHe H HCnOJIh30BaHHe B peqH CJ]OB-CHHOHHMOB nOMoraeT TOqHee BhIpaaHTh MhICJIh, H36emaTh nOBTope HHH o,n;Horo H Toro

CJIOBa.

1. CTPaHHblH qeJIOBeK He 6e~aJl, a Hikes H3HID;HbIMH CK8Q-

K8MH, eJIe K8caSCb aeMJIH, IIo,lJ;o6HO 6aJIeTHoMY T aH~Opy.

KaK Tbl 6YAewb onpeAenSlTb, SlBllSltOTCSl llJ.1 cnOBa CJ.1HO-

2. TPH TOJICTHK8 XOTeJIH BOCIIHTaTb 3JIorO, meCTOKoro H8-

CJIe,n;HHK8 .

Era

JlRIDHJIR 06m;ecTB8 AeTeii Ii YCTPOHJIH e MY 3Be·

pHHeI\ .

,n;eJIO CJIOmHJIOCb He TaR , R BK Toro XOTeJIH TOJICTHKH.

97.

npO'-lJ.1TaH TeKCTbl . HaHAJ.1 CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl J.1 onpeAellJ.1, C KaKoH

H a CJIe,n;HHK TYTTH npHJIe.iKHO ytlHJlCH, CJIymarr CTpaIIIHbIe

u,ellbtO nJ.1CaTenJ.1 J.1X J.1CnOnb3ytOT: YT06bl He nOBTopSlTb HeCKonbKO

JleTOnHCH 0 r e pOHX H u;apHX ••• HO He CTaHOBHJlCH .meCTOKMM.

pa3 OAHO J.1 TO >Ke cnOBO; AIlSl TOHKoro pa3rpaHJ.1'-1eHJ.1S1 OTTeHKOB

•

nOHa6ntOAaH, OTnJ.1'"1atOTCSI nJ.1 OTTeHKaMJ.1 3Ha'-leHJ.1S1 cno-

CMblcna, 60nee TOYHoro Ha3bIBaHJ.1S1 nOXO>KHX CSOHCTB ; '"IT06bl

Ba-CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl 6e)f(an J.1 HiiceSi. npOBepb no TonKOBOMY cnOBaptO •

HapHCOBaTb cnOBaMJ.1 SlPKYtO KapTJ.1HY, C03AaTb 06pa3 • • BblnJ.1WJ.1

• nOyeMY He SlBllSitOTCSI CJ.1HOHJ.1MaMJ.1 Cll0Ba 3nOH, )KeeTOKHH J.1 6e3-

CHHOHHMbl H3 Ka>+<AOrO TeKCTa.

AYWHbIH? npOBepb CBOJ.1 BblBOAbl no Cll0BaptO.

CHHJIO COJIHII;e, Ba,ll;hIXana CTerrh, 6JIecTeJIR T pasR B 6PHJI-

JIHRHTaX ,n;O.m,ll;H, H aOJIOTOM CBepKana peKa . ~

96.

(M. rOPb/CUU)

npOYJ.1TaH clloBapHble CTaTbJ.1 J.13 ({Cll0BapSi CJ.1HOHHMOB

pyccKoro Sl3bIKa». KaKYtO J.1HtPopMau,J.1tO MO>KHO nOllYYJ.1Tb J.13 3 Toro clloBapSl? 4TO 03HayatOT nOMeTbl B cK06Kax?

,l(OOPbIH, ,n;06pO,n;YIIIH bIH, 6JlRro,n;YIIIHbIH, ,n;o6pocep,n;e'tlHbIH, MHr Koc ep,n;e'tlHhI:H ; MHJIOCT HBbIH

(ycTap .).

IIe'l8.JThHo, HeBeCeJlO, H e pa,n;oCTHO, rpyCTHO , cKop6HO , 6 ea -

2. B

•

(paor.).

rHraHTCKHX pa3Me-

pOB; H3pe,n;Ka npOHOCHJIHCh IlTepo,naKTHJIH, npeCJIe,ll;OBaBIIIHe 3THX HRceKOMbIX. Ha ceBe pHOH OKpaHHe nOJIHHhI naCJ]OCh 60JIhIIIOe CTa,n;O Hm;epOB .

(ITo BA. 06py.eBY «IT.nymoltuJ<»)

pa,n;OCTHO, 6eaoT pa,n;ao, TOCKJIHBO. roph Ko, .marro6Ho; .mar[QeT-

BOa,ll;yxe aa,n BepIIIlIHRMlI ,n;epeBhe B peHJIH orpoMBhIe

CTpeK03hI H ,n;pyrHe BaceKOMhIe TaKHX

98.

nOA6epJ.1 J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1 CHHOHHMbl K AaHHblM cnOBaM. ,QOKa>K H ,

'-ITO Tbl 3anHcan HMeHHO CHHOHHMbl • • 4eM OTllH'-IatOTCSI APyr OT Apyra no 3HaLfeHHtO CJ.1HOHIo1Mbl B Ka>KAOH rpynne?

H,n;TH, .•. CMemHOH, KpaTKO, •..

I'pYCTb •••.

MHr, ... MeTeJIh, ...

H 3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K pa3HbiM 3Ha~eHHstM MHoro-

ce6st, nocMoTpH B pa3Aene «nOACKa3KH» (Co 205) . • 4TO Tbl 3aMentnl KaKOH BblBOA MO)f(-

3Ha"iHbIX enOB. npoaepb 3 KOHu,e YLte6HHKa

-10 CAenaTb?

(KOHb) .•. ("eJIOBeK) •• . Be>KHT (BpeMH) •.• [ (pY"eH) •••

XOJIOi\HblH

(B3rJIHi\) ••• (B03i\YX) ... (3HMa) •••

JHirKHH

nO>KeHI1J1 B HcnpaeneHHOM BHAe.

MaJIeHhKoro MaJIb'tlHKa no nYCTblHHol1 KBapTHpe. TaM BnoTbMax, HanOJIHHH BCro KOMHaTY CHJIbBhIM 38naXOM XBOH, CTOHJIO nOCpe,ll;HHe He'tlTO

rHBOM H8BeB8.JIa neqaJII:, ' .

n;euHx.

'tIeM OB mKH,lI;aJI. O,ll;HaKO MaJIb'tl1:lKY SToro nOKa3B.JIOCb MaJlO. OH nOTHXOHbKY nepeT8lD;HJI 1:13 ,lI;eTCKOB B rOCTHHYIO Bce CBOH CTaphle HrpymKH, B TOM lIHCJle H 060,ll;paHHYIO Ky,z:J;JIRTKY, H npHCOe,ll;HHHJI K ROB:bIM. Tenepb HrpymeK 6b1JlO MUoro, KaK B Mara3HHe • ••

6e,.o;a 1• 2. 1I3-

6e,ll;HbIM qeJIOBeKOM CJIytlHJIaCb

l:\8JIH P;OHOCHJIaCh netI8JIhH8.SI necHa H CBORM neqaJIbHhlM MOTeMU8H rJIy6HH8

TeMHoro

JIeca

nyraJIa nYTHHKOB. KOTophIe B TeMHOTe 60SlJIHCb C6HTbCH C

B rOCTHHYIO. 9TO 6b1Jlo 60JlLmOe nYTemecTBHe

nO,ll;apKaMH. IIo,ll;apKH 6hIJIH npeBOCXO,l1;Hble, rOpa3,1l;0 JIyqme,

•

ero BHyKOB.

rj-:-,,-..,-::--~

IIpHBbIKHYB K TeMHOTe, IIaBJIHK yBH,lI;eJl B yrJIy CTOJlHK C

OnpeAenH, KaKHe peL4eSble OWJ.16KH AonYU4eHbl B npep,nO>KeHHstx. LITO Hy>KHO CAenaTb, I.U06bl HX HcnpaSHTb? • 3anHWH npeA-

4. 3a6aBHble

OCTOPO>KHO. 06eHMH PYKaMH OTKpblBRH TH>Ke. JUde CKpHnY'tlHe ,lI;BepH, IIaBJI H K OTnpaBHJlCSI

THBmee TeMHble Jlanbl B npOBHcmHX 6YMamHblx

(3ai\a"a) •.. (xapaKTep) •••

100. nonpo6yii ce6. B ponH nHTepaTypHoro peAaKTopa.

OYTH.

napyc OAJ.1HOKJ.1H» • • 06paTJ.1 BHJ.1MaHJ.1e Ha BblAeneHHble cnoBa • • KaK Ha3blBalOTCJI TaKJ.1e napbl cnOB? B LteM J.1X oco6eHHOCTb? • KaKYIO ponb J.1rpalOT 3TH cnOBa B AaHHOM TeKCTe?

rpOM8)l;HOe, cMYTHoe, ,11;0 caMoro napKeTa onyc-

(nyx) ...

1. C 3THM

AHTOHHMbl

10t. npOLtJ.1TaH OTPblBOK J.13 nOBeCTJ.1 B.n. KaTaeBa «6eneeT

Y,n;HBJUIThCH,

99. nOA6epH

§ 9.

paCCK83b1 3a68.BHOrO CTapHKa 3a68.BJIHJlH

'YTKH 6b1CTPO nepeJleTaJIH C MeCTa aa MeCTO,

DblCTPO MaXaJI CBOHMH 6b1CTPblMH KPblJlbHMH. HHBblX mHBOTHblX caMble nyrJIHBble -

Cpe,ll;H nyr-

aTO nyrJIHBaH JIaHh H

nyrJIHBbll1 3aHn;.

(H 3 ,,/tuzu H.B. rOAy6 «MoR. CaAtaR. nepeaR. KHU:HCKa 0 CJW6ax>}) KJIIO\leBLle CJlOBa TeMbl: CUHOHUMhl

TOtfHOCTb petfH

CJlOSapb CHHOHHMOB

BblpaaUTeJlbHOCTh pelut

t 02. npOLlHTaH CTaTblO J.13 «3Hu,J.1KnOneAHLteCKOrO CnOBapJl IOHoro c:pHnonora». liTO Tbl Y>Ke 3Han 06 aHTOHHMax H LtTO Y3Han HOBoro H3 3TOH CTaTbJ.1? • 3AAaH Bonpoc K Ka>KA0MY a63au,y TeKCTa. 3anJ.1wJ.1 CnO>KHbIH nnaH, KOTOPblH Y Te6S1 nonyLtHnCR, CpaBHJ.1 ero C nnaHOM Ha c. 205. • nOAroToBbcJI AOMa paccKa3blBaTb no 3TOMY nnaHY. AHTOHHMhl - 3T0 CJIOBa C npoTHBOnOJIOmHhlMH aHalleBHHMH. CJIOBO caHTOHHMt npOHCXO,ll;HT OT

zpe'L. *SHTH-t - npoTHB H

eOpRl{,UU - XOJloihtblU. eope - paiJocmb. epae .MaJlO - .MH020, BceziJa - HU1CoziJa, ao - nOCJle .

*oHHMat - HMSI:

apye,

AaTOHHMhl -

aTO JIUmb Te CJIOBa, KOTo phle MoryT 0603Ha-

muxuit - ZPOM1CUU, Be,11;b MomHO CKaaaTb: 60Jlee ZPOM1CUU 3BY1C, 60Jlee muxuz'i); npOTHBOnOJIO)RHO HanpaBJIeBBble ,lI;eHCTBHSI (nOanUMambcR lI8Tb CTeneHb npH3H8Ka (BanpHMep:

onYC1CambCJl.), TOtIKH npOCTp8..HCTBa H BpeMeHH, pacnOJIOjReHHble KaK 6bl Ha pa3HblX nOJIlOcax npOCTpaHCTBeHHOH H BpeMeHHOH mKaJIhI

(6epx - nU3, n03ano - pano). eJIOBa, KOTO-

phle 0603HaQalOT KOHKpeTHhIe npe,lJ;MeThI, KaR npaBHJIO, He

HMelOT IiHTOHHMOB (uucarp, 6YMaea, 6apeltbe).

xy.n;OjReCTBeHHoH JIHTepsType, oc06eHHO B n033HH, aa

aHTOHHMax 6h1Baerr OCHOB8H8 Bhlpa3HTeJIbHSSI cnJIa npOH3Be,lJ;eHnH. BOT, HanpHMep , HaQ8JIO OAHoro H3 CTHXOTBopeHHH

M.M. IJ;BeTaeBoii: IIOJIlO6HJI 60raThlii - 6e/lHYIO, IIOJII06HJI yqeHhlH -

rJIynylO,

PaBHo.n;:ymHblR -

OT3h1BtIHBhIH, cKynoR -

ID;e.n;phIii, •••

• .nOnlo1WI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl BO 2-to 1<1 3-to rpynnbl.

iDS.

nOA6epl<1 1<1 3anHWH aHTOHHMbl K pa3HbiM 3Hal.feHI<1RM

MHO r 03Hal.fHOrO cnOBa. LITO Tbl 3aMeTHn? KaKOH BblBOA MO>KHO CAenaTb?

MSlrKHH (eBeT) - ••. MSlrKHH (xapaKTep) MSlrKHH (KapaH/lam) - .•• MSirKHe (BOJlOehl) MSirKaSi (6YJlKa) -

IIOJIlO6HJI PYMSlHhlH - 6JIe/lHyIO, IIOJIlO6HJI xopomHH - Bpe/lHYIO,

eepbe3HhlH ('leJIOBeK) - •.• eepbe3HhlH (CJIyqaH) - . •• (/lymeBHhlH) nOKOH - .•• (Ha Mope) nOKOH -

THXHH (HpaB) - ... THxaSi (e3/1a) - ••• THXHH (rOJIoe) - .•.

30JIOTOH - nOJIymKY* MeAHYIO.

AHTOHHMbI - aTO CJIOB8 OAROH H TOR jRe QaCTI1 pe'tlH C rrpo- 3JlO.

THBonOJIO>KRhIM JIeKCHQeCKHM 3HaqeHHeM. ~o(jpo

106.

npOI.fl<1TaH 1<1 nepeCKa>KI<1 TeKCT.

06paTI<1 BHIo1MaHI<1e

Ha THn TeKCTa (':tTO 3TO: Onl<1CaHI<1e I<1nH nOBecTBoBaHlo1e?). B KaKOM CTI<1ne Hanl<1CaH 3TOT cpparMeHT? nonblTaHcR 060CHO-

103.

np041<1TaH cnoBapHYto CTaTbto 1<13 «CnOBapR aHTOHHMOB

PYCCKoro R3b1Ka»

M.P.

JlbBoBa • • KaKYto HHcpopMau,I<1to MO>KHO

I<13Bne4b 1<13 3Toro cnOBapR, CYAR no cnOBapHOH CTaTbe?

JIacKa -

CTpOrOCTh

JIaCKa B roJIOCe - C1"p01'OCTJ. B roJIOCe. llpoHBJIHTh nacKY npoSIBJIHTh cT»Orocn. 0 KTO He MOjReT B3HTh JI8CKOH, TOT He B03bMeT H CTPOroCTLJO.

104.

(A.II. tIexOB. 3anHCHble

KHHmKH)

Cnl<1WH aHTOHHMbl, crpynm1poBaB HX no 4aCTAM pe41<1.

06'bRCHI<1, 4TO o603Ha4aeT Ka>KAaR napa aHTOHI<1MOB • • BCTaBb nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl, 0603Hal.fb opcporpaMMbl Ha MeCTe npo-

nOAYMaH, C KaKoH ~enbto aBTop I<1cnonb3yeT TaKoe KonH4eCTBO aHTOHI<1MOB (o6paTH BHI<1MaHHe Ha TI<1n TeKcTa).

MOJIOAOH HID;ep 6hIJI POCTOM BhIme qeJIOBeKB; ero He2 YKJIlOmee TeJIO nOKOHJIOCh aB TOJICThIX H ,Il;JIHHBhIX 3a,lJ;BHX Borax H TOJICTOM, B KOH~e cpa3y YTOHtIaBmeMCH XBOCTe; nepe,ll;- HHe Horn 6h1JIH KopOTKHe H TOHKHe H HMeJIH no nHTH

naJIb~eB C He60JIbmHMH OCTphlMH KorTSlMH, Tor.n;:a KaK aa 3a,ll;HHX 6bIJIO no TpH naJlb~8 C 60JIbmHMH, HO TynhIMH KorTHMH. ITo BceMY CKJIa,ll;y TeJIa 6hIJIO O'leBH,lJ;HO, QTO o 3 mHBOTHoe npe,ll;nOQHT8JIO BepTHKaJIbHOe nOJIOjR eHHe ropH30HT8JIbHOMY, TaK KaK npH nOCJIe.n;HeM ero 38AHSIH nOJIOBHHa

nYCKOB.

BaTb CBO to TOI.fKY 3peHI<1R • • HaHAI<1 1<1 nOAl.fepKHI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl.

no.n;HHM8JIaCb 3HRlIHTeJIbHO BhIme nepeAHei1. rOJIOBa 6b1JIa BJIar-'pO,lJ;HbIH - HH_KHH, 6nu_ KuH - A8JIbHHH, BBepx -

BHH_ , B3JI_TaTb - Ca/lHT _ CSI, B'l_ pa - 3aBTp a, /lPYlK6a Bp_m.n;a, 3aIIL~aTb Ha.n;em.n;a -

Han o.JI:aT h , JI106H M hIH -

OTlJ._S1HH e , o n T a M H3M~: -

H e H8.BHC_HblH,

neccHMH3M*, npH-

6JI lKaTbCSI - YILJISiTbeSi. ;HM H3M :CHMH 3M

I 2) PaCCBeT ,

60JIbmaH,

,Il;OBOJIhHO

npoTHBHoro BHAa,

o6BHcmHMH

MHCHCTblMH ry6aMH H M8JIeHhKHMH rJIa3KaMH' 2.. TeJIo 6b1JIO COBepmeHHO rOJIoe, KaK y JIsrrymKH, a Koma H8 om;yUb TaK8SI jRe CKOJIb3KaH H XOJIOAHaSl.

(BA. 06py<ee .rrJlymol<uJ<')

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2. 3.

AaH onpeAelleHlo1e 1013BeCTHbiX Te6e '"taCTeH CllOBa. B KaKoH '"taCTIo1 CllOBa 3aKllto'"teHO ero rpaMMaTIo1'"teCKoe 3Ha-

MaHKa -

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3BeHHT MaHOR 6Y3HHHbIH, -

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'"teHlo1e? KaKoBbl cpyHKU,Io1H 3TOH '"taCTH clloBa?

,D;YHeT DB B MaHOK

Cll0Ba?

II CBHCTHT MaHQK COCHOBbIH, Ha caCHe B OTBeT CHHHll.bI

PaCChIIIalOT 6y6eHI\hI.

KaKHe '"taCTIo1 CllOBa BXOART, a KaKlo1e -

He BXOART B OCHOBY

MO>t<eT nH cnOBO COCTORTb TonbKO 1013 KOpHR? TonbKO 1013

~f.

1'13 6Y3HHHoro IlpHKphIThH

OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 npIo1CTaBKIo1, CYCPcplo1Kca 101 OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 KOpHR H npIo1CTaBKIo1?

107.

CpaBHIo1 CBOH onpeAeneHHR '"taCTeH cnOBa C AaHHblMIo1 HIo1>t<e.

npO'"tIo1Tai1 CTHxoTBopeHHe

3.r.

LfTO Tbl 3aMeTIo111? 6arpHu,Koro, o6paTIo1 BHHMa-

HHe Ha BblAeneHHble CllOBa. KaK 6bl Tbl HX crpynnlo1poBan? • BblnHWH cnOBa rpynnaMH, BblAenH OCHOBY B Ka>t<AOM cnOBe H '"taCTH,

BXOAR~He B COCTaB OCHOBbl • • BblAelll-1 OKOH'"taHHR.

IITHI\eJIoB (B cOKpa..m;eHHH) TpY,!lBO ,!IeJIO nmuz;eJt06a: 3aY'IH nOBa.z\KH nTHQbH,

nepeJLemOB, Pa3BhIM nocBucmoM CBucmu.

110MBH speMH

KopeHh, npHCT8BKa, CY<P<PHKC, OKOHttaHHe - 3TO 3H8t{HMble tIaCTH CJIOBR, HJIH

Mopf)eMhl.

P83,lJ;eJI H3bIK03HaHHH, H3yqarom;HiI

MopcfleMHKoii •

MoP<l>eMhI, a83bIBReTCH

:lTO lIaCTb CJIOBa 6ea OKOH T-I3HHH H ¢lOpMoo6paay-

O c a OBa -

O R OlNaHlle -

p OB I c6er Y T CSI K Halli e MY ,o;OMy p e 6S1T HlIIKH. By,o;eT H y Hac aH8QeHHe.

aTO H3MeHHeMaSl qaCTb CJlOBa, B KOTOPOH 38-

KJIIOtIeHO ero rp8MMaTHlIeCKoe aHaQeHHe . OKOH'lI8.R.He o6paay-

eT <P0PMY CJIOBa I'! CJIYlKHT IIJIH CBH31'! CJIOB B CJIOBOCO'IeTaHl'!l'! H npe,llJIOJKeHHH . Ocennlezo l 8emp im , O KO~aHHe CJIOBa MomeT 6bITb aYJIeBbIM, TO eCTb He BbIpameH HbIM 3BYK8.MH. R op e UL -

HOllb D , o8oJ-£b D , xopow D .

aTO rJI8BHaSl 3HallHMaSl qaCTb CJlOB8.

Ko p ae

38.KJIIO~ 06~KClflIeCKoe 3HatIeHHe Bcex O,l1;HOKOpeHHhlX

CJIOB. B epi!3a, '6epi!3080Jl (p014o) . IIpHc TaB R a -

aTO 3H8tIHMaSl tIaCTb CJIOBR, KOTopaH Haxo-

,o;H TCSI nepe,o; KopH eM H CJly.>KHT ,o;JlH 06paaOB8llliSl HOBblX CJlOB .

Bbixooumb, ndxoo . C y qUi>HKC - STO 3HatIHMaH tr8CTb CJIOBa, KOTopaH Haxo,o;HTCSI DOCJIe K OpHH ~6b1qHO)(JIY.>KHT ,o;JISI 06paaOBaHHSI HOBbIX

CJIOB.

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cj.N

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• Pa36epH no cocTasy cnosa C npHCTaSKOI1 npo- 1013 nepBoro OTpblBKa . • KaKlo1e 1013 3TIo1X Tpex cnos SlBmltOTCSI CIo1HOHHMaMIo1? C KaKO~ u,enbKl Io1X HenoIlb3yeT aBTOp?

109.

np0l.jIo1Tal1 OTPblBOK 1013 noseCTH Il.H. ToncToro «AeTcTBo». C nOMOL4bto KaKIo1X cnOB HapHcosaH nopTpeT «l.jYAecHol1 Aesol.jKH»? B l.jeM oc06eHHocTb 3TIo1X cnoB? nOMOratoT nH OHIo1 nlo1caTemo nepeAaTb l.jyscTBa ero repoSl, HHKoneHbKH VlpTeHbeBa, no OTHoweHHtO K ManeHbKOI1 rocTbe? • OnHwH COCTOSlHHe Manbl.jIo1Ka, KaK Tbl ero nOHSln 101 npeAcTasHn ce6e. • • . Ma 3aKY TaHHOH oco6b1 BhIIllJla qy,o;eCHaSl ,o;BeH8,ZJ;u;aTHJleTBHH ,ll;eBOllKa B KopOTe HhKoM OTKPblTOM KHceiiHoM TIJIaThHu;e, 6eJIblx O aHTaJIOBtrllKa x H KpOlIIeqHbIX qepHblX 6allIMallRax. Ha 6 e JIeH b ROH llIeHKe 6hIJIa qepHaH 6apxa THa.a: JIeHTOllKa; rOJIOBKa BCH 6 b1JIa B TeMHo-pYCbIX KY,o;pSlX , KOTophIe cnepe,o;H TaK XOP OlliO lIIJIH R e e n p e KpaC H OMY JIHlIHKY, a caR,o;H -

I'OJIblM OJIellHKaM, liTO HHKOMY, ,o;a me caMOMY KapJIY llBaHbI-

nOl.jeMY s onpeAeneHHH cycfJcfJlo1Kca cKa3aHo, l.jTO OH 06t.I'tHO cnY>KIo1T AnSI o6pa30saHHSI enOB , a He Bce~a? AnSI l.jero eny>KHT CY,5PcfJHKC -n- B rnaronax ne~, Hrpana, BcxoAHJ1'o, pa3Mt.lwnJInH? nOl.jeMY OH He SXOAHT B OCHOBY cnosa?

108. np0l.jHTal1 OTpblBKIo1 1013 noseCTH A.n . ral1Aapa «rony6aSl l.jaWKa». Hal1AH 101 SblnHWH rnaronbl C OAHHaKOSblMH npHCTaSKaMH . lotTO 0603Hal.jatoT 3TH npHCTaSKH? KaK Tbl AYMaewb, C KaKoH u,enbtO Hcnonb3yeT aSTop cnOBa C OAJ.1HaKOBbIMH npHcTasKaMH?

I IocMeH JIHCb M bl H }1;YMaeM : BOT n O,l1;ye T BeTe p, aaKpy_

mHTCSI, aamymmHT Ham a 6 b1CTpaH Be pTyllIKa. OTO Bcex )1;BO-

IOII\HX CY<P<PHKCOB .

I'YCCI<,UU, ,nOCJW8Ulja, , noex<l,ll~ ,6poco';;;;. B OCBOBe CJIOBa 3aKJIIOlIeHO ero JIeKCKtIeCKoe

IIpoRaTHJI Ha BeJIOCHTIe,o;e aarop eJIb IM MRJIb qHllIKa. IIpo-

maraJI, H8BepHOe, B JIec aa r pH68MH TOJICTbIH ,o;,H,o;h Ka C Tpy6ROH . IIpOlliJIa ' 6 eJIOKyp aH ,o;e BH u;a C MOKPblMH nOCJIe KY0aHHH BOJIOCaMH .

aH8.KOMblX MhI HHKoro H e BCTpeTIIJIH.

qy, H H e OOBepHJl 6hI, 'liTO OH H Bh lOTCH TaR OTToro, qTO C yTpa 6 bIJIH 3aBepHYThI B K Y COqKH ((MOCKOBCKH X Be,o;OMOCTeM» H qTO HX rrpHmHraJIH ropSlqHMH meJIeaHbIMH ID;IITII..l;aMlI. Kaa81IOCb, OH a TaK II pO,l1;HJIaCh C aTOH Kypq aBOH r OJIOBKoH •

• Bblnlo1WH 1013 TeKCTa cnosa C YMeHbWHTenbHo-naCKaTenbHblMH cyq:H;tmKcaMH B ABa cTon6lo1Ka . no KaKOMY npH3HaKY Tbl 6YAeWb HX rpynnHpOBaTb? • BblAenH B Ka>KAOM cn OBe OCHOBY H CycpqJHKC.

110. np0l.jHTal1 TeKCT. CnoBa C KaKHMH KOPHSlMH S HeM nOSTOPSltOTCSI? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb nOl.jeMY? • BblnHWH OAHOKopeHHble cnOBa rpynnaMH , YKa>K1-t 4acTH pe41-t • • Pa36epl-t Bee 3TI-t cnOBa no COCTaBY · C

An:HKOM HeH H Tep eCHO 6 hIJIO

Bpe M H n~phIBaJI. maXMa ThI .

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- .Krud )1;8

CK8aan AnHK. -

TbI pemHJI 6POCHTb maXM8TbI?

Te6H BeAb 38.MeQRTeJIbHbIe l,IUlXM8T-Hhle cnoco6HOCTHI

KJrJOQeBble CJr003 TeMbJ:

TbI

CT8Hemb 3H8MeHHTblM maXM8THCTOM, eCJIR 6y,n;emb rrpO,lJ;OJI-

maTh HI'paTh. - HHK8KHX Y MeHH

cnoco6HOCTeH

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- H3

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§ iI. npOBepReMble H HenpOBeplleMble

HrpaTb He xyme MeHH. Ha C110rH H AJ1S1 nepeHoca enOBO npaSHna nepeHoca Hy>t<HO BcnOMHHTb?

111. BCnOMHJ.1,

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6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble B KopHe cnOBa

112. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT . KaK Tbl AYMaewb, n04eMY MapTblwKa He nOHstna YAaaa? KaK nposepHTb HanHcaHHe 6YKB, o603Ha4alOUJ,HX 6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble 8 KopHe? • KaKYIO 6YKay - 0 HnH a - HY)f(HO HanHcaTb B cnoae C nponYCKoM? 06bSlCHH. • Cyw.eCTsyeT nH s PYCCKOM Sl3blKe cnoao, KOTopoe ynoTpe6Hn YAaa?

KaKOBbl oco6eHHocTH TeKCTa-noaeCTBoaaHHSI.

nepe .... J.1Tai1 onpeAeneHHe B paMKe Ha c. 7. CocTasb H 3anHWH He6onbwoH TeKCT-noaeCTBoaaHHe. Era reMY nOACKa>KYT nepBoe H nocneAHee npeAllO>KeHHst TeKCTa, KOTopble AaHbl HH>Ke. I.1cnonb3yH AaHHbie rpynnbl cnos C npHcTasKaMH.

B'!epa Moli 6paT npocTYAHJlCH, H yrPOM MaMa He rrycTHJIa em B lllKOJly. BOT liTO aHalJHT ,n;pyabHI

1) rrpHlllJlH

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• Pa3AenH

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l..JTo6hI npaBHJIbHO o6oaHaqHTb Ha nHCbMe 6eay,n;apHbIH I'JIaCHhIH B RopHe CJIOBa, HymBo HaMeHHTb CJIOBO HJIB

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• 06bACHH, KaKYIO ponb a TSOeM TeKCTe HrpalOT rnaronbl C npHcTasKaMH. ECTb nH cpeAH HHX CHHOHHMbl?

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113. CnHWJ.1, BCTaBnRR nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. rpacpHyeCKH 0603HaYb ycnoBHR Bbl60pa 0PcP0rpaMMbl. nOA6epH nposepo"tHble cnOBa K AaHHblM, _ H3MeHRR YHCnO cyw,ecTBHTenbHblx H rnaronOB:

nOcne MeAHoro 3BOHa n03_HeH OC_HH HacTynaeT n_pa O>t<-AaHJ.1R x_n....A0B . AnoKa >t<yxHeT oA-Rno 1013 nHeT_ea. POeCbl"_1O rB_3Ae~ "_>t<aT B ny>t<ax K_ntoYKH OT enoK. TonbKO KyKyWKHH neH 3_n_HeeT S 6_pe3HRKe. npHn_TenH CH_rHpH. 3aRLI, OAenCR B 6enble WT HHWKH, a Ha 3T0l1 HeAene nee Hble nopTHble cw_nH eMY 6enyfO -;'YPTKY. Tenepb OH rOTo_ 3_MOBaTb. OAHaKO nOC"_WJ.1n 3aRLI, oAeT_ CR - 3_Ma 3_CTpRna B n_cax BonorOACKHX.

Qa - Q h I , B..JJ;a, II_ JUI, K _ ca, q_CbI, CT_KJlO; Qy -

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IIpaBOIIH CaHHe HerrpOBepseMbIX 6e3y.zx.8p H bIX rJlaCHbIX B KopHe CJIOBa H8,ll.O 3anOMBH8Tb.

• Ha30aH cnosa c "tepeAosaHHeM cornaCHblX B KopHe.

U4. nposepb 6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble B KopHe cnOBa . • rpacP Hye-

On03HaBaTeJIhHblH npH3HaK op<jlorpaMMbI - 6e3Y/lap-

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(Ra YJIHlJ;e), nOJI_CKaTh (6eJIhe), ,,_cToTa (PaAHOBOJIH), CJI_3aTh (c JIeCTHHI.t;bI), noc....,.AeTb (OT cTapocTH), IIOCB_ THTb (CTHXOTBO-

peRHe), nJlbl (B03/1yxa), nocB_ THTh (<jloHapeM), nJla (oceHRHH), • CocTasb 2-4 npeAflo>t<eHHR co cnOBaMH, CXOAHblMH no 3syyaHHIO, HO pa3nl<1"tHblMIo1 no cMblcny H HanHcaHHIO.

US. Q6'bRCHHTenbHbl~ AHKTaHT • • rpacpHyeCKH 0603HaYb ycno-

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, MwmpYT , PllKOP/l ,

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§ 12. npaBonHcaHHe enol e .. epeAYIO~HMHeR rnaeHblMH a-o B KopHe SYKBbl a- o B KopHe -nar- - -no>+<-

120. Y3HaH cnOBa no J1X TonKOSaHJ1tO: 1) nepeAa'-la cOAep>t<aHJ1S1

117. npO"'HTa~ cnoaa.

TeKCTa CBOMMH cnOBaMH; 2) l.faCTb pel.fH, o603Hal.fafOU.I,afl npH3HaK npeAMeTa; 3) Ao6asneHHe K >KypHany; 4) CI.fHTaTb, AYMaTb. • 3anHwH 3T.., enOBa, rpaq:u1I.1ecK.., 0603Hal.fb ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa H3yl.faeMOH opcporpaMMbl.

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KaKo~ rnacHbl~

3eyK npoH3HoCHTCSI B KopHe Bcex enOB B 6e3YAapHoM nOnO>KeHI·o·d A KaKaSi 6YKsa nHweTcSI? • KaK Tbl AYMaewb, MO>KHO I1H npoBepl.Hb YAapeHHeM 6e3YAapHbie 4epeAytoUJ,HecSl rnaCHble B KopHe? 06'MICHH . • npoaHanH3Hpyi:1 cnoaa B neBoH H npasoH KonOHKe. nonpo6yH Hai:1nt 3aKoHoMepHocTb: KorAa B KopHe -nar - -nO)K- 11101weTCS! a, a KorAa o • •

CAenaTb? • Bblnlo1WIo1 1013 opcporpaq:H1'-1eCKOrO cnosapSi Ha 6YKBbi IS, H, Y weCTb cnOB C KopHeM -nar- - -no)l(-; onpeAenlo1, cnOBa KaKJ1X '-IaCTeH pe'-lJ1 Tbl SblnJ1Can . • rpacpJ1l.fecKH 0603Hal.fb ycnOSJ1S1 Bb160pa H3Yl.faeMoH opcporpaMMbl.

CcpopMynHpyH npaSIo1I10 caMOCTOSITenbHO.

121. CnHwH, BCTaBnSlSl nponyU-\eHHble 6YKBbi H 3HaKH npenHHaHHSI . • rpacpHl.leCKI1 0603Hal.lb ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB.

1. .H

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npo f_pH30HT.

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nOJI_faem_, tJTO ' OTB_tJaem_ no cy:w;eCTBy TBoefO 6_JIeTa?

[ Opq,orpaMMa <ByKBhI a 0 B KopHe -Jlar-JlO"'-' [ I B RopHe c qepe.l\OBaHHeM -J]ar- - -Jlom- 6eay,u.apHbIH rJIaCHhIH 3ByK nepe.ZJ; r 0603HsQaeTCSI 6YKBOH a, a nepe,ll; JK - 6YKBOH o. /7'.·

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Hoe nOJlOmeHHe fJIaCHoro .

118. npO'-lIo1TaH. HaHAIo1 101 Bblnlo1WIo1 cnOBa C opcporpaMMoH «6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -nar- - -no)l(-». 8 KaKI<1X cnosax 3TOH opcporpaMMbl HeT? nO'-leMY? 06bSlCHI<1 . • YCTHO H rpacplo1'-1eCKIo1 06bSlCHH Sbl60p a- o 8 KopHe -nar- - -no)t(-. IIoJIaraTb, lIO,lJ.JIOmHTb, JIOmHbli1, npeAJ1or, cnmKHTb, CJIomHbIH, CJIOmeHHe, ]lOmh,

B.llara,

BbIJIO)KHTb, 6JISropo,nHhIii.

• CocTasb 2-3 cnOBOCO'-leTaHI<1S1 C Sblnl<1CaHHblMI<1 cnosaMIo1 .

119. nposepb, eCTb nH S opcporpacplo1'-1eCKOM cnosape Ha 6YKBy n cnOBa C KopHeM -nar- -

-no)l(-. KaKOH BbiBOA Tbl MO>t<eWb

Cnp_CHJI yqHTeJIb. Ha nOTOM.

BOJIbK8 pemHJI OTJI_mHTb o6_HcBeHHH

XOTTa6bItIy, KOTOPbIH YCHYJI B HeYAo6HoM

nOJI_meHHH, npHCHHJICH ymac_HbIH l COH.

HMo nOJI_raTb.

CK aaJIOCb Be6 JI moe nepeyTOMJIeBHe.

• 6H.JIeT fQpH30HT

• • fQ,pl:!30HTaJIbBLlH

(JI.H.JIazun) • COCTaSb cxeMbl 1-ro Jot 3-ro npeA110>KeHHH.

122. CoeTaBb enOSOeOl.leTaHHSI C AaHHblMH rnaronaMH, nOA611paSi nOAXOASlU-\He no CMblCI1Y cyw.eeTslo1TenbHbie H3 npaBoH K0I10HKH . • 3anHwH, rpacpHl.leeKH 0603Hal.lb yenoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl. npe.n;JI_rSTh

YCIlJIHH, cTapsHHH

pa3JI_.mliTb rrpli.TT_raTb

y KocTpa, y petIKH, y "apurpYT, YCJlyrH

p acnO:I iKHTbC'R

l,OC''l'CP ' . Bem.H

orrywKH

• !t1enonb3YSI cnOSOCOl.leTaH HSI, eOCTaBb YCTHblH paecKa3 Ha TeMY «8 nOXOAe» .

- 51

KJllO'I e s bJe CJlOB 8 TeMbI :

.f''!'r"" ~~j': ''''.l;~Il''J!.·>,~~ ~:.;

JIHWb TOJIbRO yBHmy BeCeJIYIO CTalO,

KopeSb

opc})OrpaMMa- rJI8CH8n 6YKB8

qepe~OBaHJ.fe

yeJloBIlH Bbloopa Op<jJorpaMMbl

rJI8CH&lX

-""""'~.P~

3Haro, 'tJTO CROPO paCT81O,

PaCT81O, no K8.MHHM 3BeHSI ...

(<1>.K. COAozy6)

)<;..~~~. ~?}i~ .:~~ ...../ ....

5YKBbi a- o B KopHe -paCT- (-palL.\-) - -poc-

123.

npOLtlo1TaH

."~~¥--. '" ;. -'. .. ~.....

'" ....:...;...... ,?-'<.

KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nO'"4eMY opq,orpaMMbl «6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -paCT- (palll-) - -pOC-» H .6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -nar- - -no)l(-. Mbl paCCMaTpHBaeM B OAHOM naparpaq,e?

cnoaa H onpeAenH, s:lSmUOTCR nH OHJ.1 CAHO-

KaK np0J.13HOCHTCR 6e3YAapHblH rnacHblH B KopHe -pacT- (-palJ.l,-) - -poe-? KaKaSl 6YKBa nl-iWercR? • npoaHanH3lo1pyi1 cnOBa B nepBblx rpEh KonOHKax, HaMAH 3aKOHOMepHocTb B Hanlo1caHHH 6YKB a-o B KopHe . • CcpopMynHpYH npaslomo.

KopeHHbIMH • •

pacTeHHe

cpam;eHHe

~ BblpacTH

BhIQHHbIH

aa~JlH B~

125.

npO'"4HTai1. HaHAH H BblnHWH CI10Ba C opq,orpaMMoM «6YK-

a-o B KopHe -paeT- (-palL\-) - -poe-» . • YCTHO 101 rpaq,H'"4eCKH 06bACHH Bbl60p 6YKB a-a B KopHe -paCT- (-pall4-) - -poc-.

Bbl

~, pacTeH~...J1QllDaCTH., pocnHcb, poca, R~~le. PSlTb, J!9AOPOCJlH, MP-0CWHH, npHpam;eHHe, POCTOR, poeKow-

~OK

~ pOCTOBm;HK

HhIH ,

~OB

~2CTPB, 06pam;eHHe.

• CocTaBb 101 3anHWH

2-3

CT10BOC0'"4eTaHHfI C I1to6blMH 1013 BblnH-

caHHblX CI10B.

OT9cJlb

126.

Op<j>orpaMMa .BYRBhI a-a B RopHe -pacT- (-pall\-) - -poc-,

BblnHwH B l1eBYto K0l10HKY CT10BOC0'"4eTaHHR, B KOTOPblX

eCTb CI10Ba C 6e3YAapHbiM a B KopHe, B npaBYto -

I B RopHe -pacT- (-pall\-) - -poe- 6eay/.\apHhlH rJlaCHhlH

C 6e3-

YAapHblM o . • rpacpH'"4eCKH 0603Ha'"4b YCI10BHfI Bbl60pa H3Y'"4aeMOM

3ByK nepe,n CT H ~ 0603H8'tJ8eTcSI 6YKBOH a, a nepe,l{

opq,orpaMMbl.

C - 6YRBO:ii o.

P _CTHTeJIhBbIH MHP, IIOCTerreBBO paap_ cTalOTcH, a8MeTBO

HCKJIlOqeHHSI:

pocmoK. pOCm08l4UK, Pocmo8, OlJlpaCJl.b.

~u, 83~eH,H.btit; nO~JLU; ~OK

rrO,l{p_ CJIH, aeJIeHbIe P_CTKH, 3ap_ CJIH TPOCTHHKa, Bhlp_m;eHHble OBOm;H, OTP_ CJIh 3KOHOMHKH, P _ CToBcKHe KOJIOKOJIhHhIe 3BOHhI, 606oBhIe p_cTeHHH.

(HCKJI.).

OrroaHaBaTeJlbHhlH rrpHaHaR -opq,orpaMMhI - 6eaYllapHoe nOJIOmeHHe rJI8CHoro.

127. CnHwH, 124. npOI.I~1TaH. BblnYlWJ.1 CXOAHble no

3BY4aHI<1tO

enoaa, pa36e-

1. OILHORO Bhlp_ CTaJIa eJlRa cTpoHHaH B JI_ eY'_J)(H.C. Hm<H-

pH \.o1X no cOCTasy. ECTb 11101 CfJeAH HHX cnosa C H3yyaeMOH opcporpaMMoi:1? AOKa)KH • • YCTHO 06b~CHH ycnoBIo1S1 Bbl60pa Hanlo1CaHHs:I

THH)

CHerypK8 CnpOCHJIa MeHD.

7 .~

EJIh p_cTeT nepe,o; ABOpn;OM, a no,n; HeH XPYCT8JILHblH

CTeKJIaMH, nLlwHo D;B _ TYT

- 3aqeM BoapaCTalO? -

110M. (A.C. IIymKHH) 3. B 6J1eeRe orHeH, aa a pRaJlbHhlMH

6YKB a-o B KopHe -paCT- (-pall4-) - -poc-.

BCTaBI1f1R nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl • • rpaq,H'"4eCKJ.1 060-

3Ha'"4b YCIlOBI<1R Bbl60pa opq,orpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB 6YKB.

.lL.P_ rHe

D;B_ TbI • ••

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B T_DJIHu,aX 3a6oTJIHBO, HX DPHB_3JIH H3 -3a CHaHX M'-p eft •

(II.A. n

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BaBKa. (II.C. CoJIOBheBa)

~ . Bblm1wH OAHoKopeHHbie cnOBa, pa36epH HX no cocTaBY. KaKoe 06~ee neKCH"ieCKOe 3Ha"ieHHe 3aKIlto"ieHO B KopHe 3THX cnoB?

128. nOA6epH H 3anHWH 12 cnOB pa3Hbix "iaCTeH pe"iH C KopHeM -pacT- (-pau.&-) - -poc-, Hcnonb3YJI pa3nH"iHble npHCTaBKH . • 0603Ha"ib opcporpaMMY·

(A.C . IIymKHH) 6. H eXaJI K P _CTOBY BhICOKHM XOJIMOM, JIecOK MaJIOPOCJIhIH THHYJICSI a8 HeM. (H.A. HeKpaCOB)

~ COCTaab cxeMbl 2-ro H 6-ro npeA110>t<eHHH. 131. npO"iHTaH H nepeCKa>t<H TeKCT, 03arnaBb • • K KaKHM cpasHeHHflM, conOCTaaneHHRM npH6eraeT K .r. naycToacKHH, "tT06bl HaH60nee TO"'lHO nepeAaTb sne"iameHHe, npmt3BeAeHHoe Ha Hero pacTyw.HMH Y 03epa 4BeTaMH? KaKHe cnoaa, HaHAeHHble nHcaTeneM, nOMOratoT OU4YTHTb 6oraTCTBo npH03epHoro pa3HOTpaBbR? IIoCJIe _ K38MeHOB B

MOCKOBCKOH mKOJIe K HaM npHeXaJIa

r'-pJI;CK8S1

129. BblnHwH H3 npeAIlo>t<eHHH cnosa C "iepeAyto~HMHCJI a-o B KopHe -pacT- (-paaq-) - -poc-, 3aTeM - cnosa C 6e3YAapHblMH rnaCHblMH s KopHe, npoBepSleMblMH YAapeHl-1eM • • rpacpH"ieCKH 0603Ha'"lb ycnoBHJI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM.

CT_XH p_CTyT, KaR 3Be3,ll,hI H RaK P03bl, KaK Kp_coTa ...

(M.H. ~BeTaeBa) 2. Mem IIOJleM H ILPorolO rYCTa" JlHIIR BhIp_CJla. (H.A. HeKpacoB) 3. A" p_cJla B Y30PBOH T_IIIHBe, B npoxJIa,n;aoH: ~eTcRoH M_JI_~Oro BeKa. (A .A. AXMaToBa) 4. 'iepBhIe BOIIOP_CJlH XPYCT"T IIOII BJaMH. (M.M. IIpHillBHH)

MaJIeHbKHH CJIe,n; ,n;_ pory

p_m,n;aeT2, Mope H3 pJI;HHKa

,o;eBotJ_Ka Mama - JII06HTeJIbHHna p_cTeHHH. H SI P_lliHJI 1 Ha6paTb eft B no,o;8pOK 6YKeT H3 xopomHx D;B_TOB, p_mHJI B3HTb ITO O,n;HOMY D;B_ TKY OT Bcex p_cTeHHH, KOTophIe P83P_CJIHCb BOKPY_ 03-pa H C03,lLBaJIH p _ cHcThIe H n_XY'lIHe B_JIhI.

.H oCM_TpeJICSI." 110 6-p_raM p_CJI8 TaBOJIra. ~B_TbI naxJIH MHM030H. Y CaMOH BJI;hI BhIrJIH,lJ;hIBaJIH H3 3ap_CJIeH MHThI HeBHHHbIe roJIy60rJIa3bIe He3a6y_KH. BhICOKHH KpacHbIH KJIeBep nepeMemHBaJICH C MhIlliHHbIM r -'pomKoM, a Ha,o; 3THM co,n;pymecTBoM D;B_ TOB no,n;H_ MaJICH HCnOJIHHCKHH* qepTOnOJIOX. OH BhIp_C B Tp_Be H 6hIJI noxo_

(ITo K.r. ITaycmo8c/coMY)

BhIp_ CTaeT.' 01;. ,n:>KaM6YJI)

• COCTaBb cxeMY nocneAHero npeA110>t<eHHSI.

aK38.MeH

•

130. 06bRcHHTenbHblH AHKTaHT . • rpacpH"ieCKH 0603Ha"ib ycnosHJI Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «OYKBbl a-o a KopHe -pacT(-pau.&-) - -poc-» . • nOA"iepKHH sce H3BeCTHbie Te6e opcporpaMMbl.

1. H

Ha phID;apH B JI8Tax.

p_cTeT pe6eHOK TaM He no ,n;HHM, 8 no 'lI8CaM.

HCllQJIHH , " HcnQJIHHCKHH

• CnHwH, BCTaanflfl npony~eHHble 6YKBbl. • rpacpH'"IeCKH 0603Ha"'lb ycnoBHJI 8bl6opa opcporpaMM B cnOBax C nponycKaMH; rAe Heo6XOAHMO, nOA6epH H 3anHWH npOaepO"'lHble cnoaa.

132. ,[J.HKTaHT. 3am1wH a nepBylO KonOHKY cnoaa C 6e3YAapHbiM Ho

paCU;BeJI8. 3. BeceHoK, no,n; ce6S1 no,o;maB KODhITO, KpyTHJI p_CTOBUJ;HR8 Y a,o;CKoro orRSI. 4. B caMOM ,o;eJIe TyJIyn, H3

"'IepeAytoU4HMCJI a B KopHe, BO aTopyto - C 6e3YAapHbiM "'IepeAYIOUJ,HMCfI 0 B KopHe, B TpeTbto - C 6e3YAapHblMH rnaCHblMH B KopHe, npOBepSleMblMH YAapeHHeM . • A06aab B Ka>t<AYIO KonoHKY no ABa caOHX npHMepa . • rpacpH"'IeCKH 0603Ha"ib ycnoaHR

KOToporo ycneJI H BhIp_CTH, 6hIJI aeMHomKO AJISI Hero Y30K.

Bb,6op. opcporp.MM.

U;8peBH8 MOJIO~aH ••• Mem,n;y TeM P_CJI8, P _ CJI8, no,n;HHJIaCb H

5 . .H

mHJI ae,n;op_ CJIeM, rOHHH rOJIy6eH H HrpaSl B qexap,o;y.

6YKBbi a-o B KopHe -rap- - -rop-

HSp_ IQeHHe, a8p_CJIH, BJI_ mHTb, npe.n,JI_raTb, Tp_ Ba, npo~ Hap_ CT8IOIQHH, CT~_Ha, OTp_ CJIeBOH, R_pMHTb, npHJI_ r STeJIbHOe, P_ CHCTblH, P _ CTOB, YBJI_JKHSlTb, nOJI_meHHe, n _JI_C8TbIH.

• B KaKOH

J.13 Tpex KonOHOK AOn>KHbl 6blTb 3anJ.1CaHbl npOBepOY-

Hble cnOBa? nO"'leMY?

/'"

135. npOYIo1TaH cnOBa . SlBnSlIOTcSI nlo1 OHIo1 OAHoKopeHHbIMIo1? AOKa>KH. • KaKoH rnacHblH 3ByK npoH3HoCHTCSI B KopHe cnOB B 6e3YAapHoM nOnO>KeHJ.1J.1? KaKaSi 6YKBa nJ.1WeTcSI? • HaHAH 3aKOHOMepHOCTb B HamtCaHJ.1H 6YKB a-a B KopHe. CcpopMynHPYH npaBJ.1I1o. , 3arap yrapHhlH

133. 3aKOH"'IJ.1 npeAflO>KeHJ.1S1. 1. IIpH HanRCB.HHH CJIOB C qepe.o;oBaHHeM 6eay.n,apHblx rJIacHhIX a-o B RopHe nOJIb30BaTbCSI npoBepoqHbIM CJIOBOM ... , noTOMY t{TO .•. 2. IIpH HaITlIC8HHH 6eay.o;apHbIx rJIaCHblX B KopHe nOJIbaOBaTbCSI npoBepoqHblM CJIOBOM ••• , eCJIH 3TOT 6eay.u;apHblH rJIacHblH ••• A eCJIH 6eay.o;apHbIH r JIaCHblH B KopHe .. . , TO ... • CKOI1bKO opcporpa¢H1yeCKJ.1X npaBJ.1n Tbl AOn>KeH 3HaTb, YTo6bl 3aKOHYJ.1Tb AaHHbie npeAflO>KeHJ.1S1?

134.

CaMOAJ.1KTaHT. HaHAJ.1 J.1 BblnJ.1WH H3 xYA0>KeCTBeHHoro np0J.13BeAeHJ.1S1, KOTopoe Tbl YJ.1TaeWb, 10-12 cnOB C o pcporpaMMaMH-rnacHblMIo1 6YKBaMJ.1 a-o B KopHe -nar- -

-110)1(-; 6YKB.MH a-o B KopHe -pacT- (-paUl-) - -poco; 6e3YAapHbIMJ.1 rnaCHblMIo1 B KopHe, npoBepSieMblMJ.1 YAapeHJ.1eM. • rpacplo1yeCKIo1 0603HaYb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM. KJJIO~eBble CJJOBa TeM.bI:

opcporpsMMbl- rn8cHhle 6YRBbI tlepe.n;ylOUl,UeCfI rJ18CHble B RopHe npoBepfleMbte 6eay,n8pHbIe rJIaCHble B RopHe HenpoBepfleMbIe 6e3Y,ll,8pHhle rn8CHhleB RopHe

/~~

aaropaTh yropeJIhIH

I Opq,orp8.MMa .BYKBhl a-o B KopHe -rap- - -rop-. I

B RopHe -rap- -

-rop~

Y)I;SPHbIH rJIaCHLIH 3BYK 0603RaQaeTC1I 6YRBOH a, 6e3Y)I;SpHhrii - 6YKBOH o. (.\

1"1'-,

3azap, 3a'zQjJemb .

Orr03HaBaTeJIbHblH npH3HaK opq,orpaMMbl - 6e3Yl1apHoe nOJIOmeHHe rJISCHoro.

136. npOYHTaH. HaHAH H BblnHWH cnOBa C opcporpaMMoH «6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -rap- - -rop-» • • YCTHO J.1 rpacpHyeCKJ.1 06'bSlCHJ.1 Bbl60p rnacHoH B KopHe. 3arOpeJIblR, no,n; ropoR, Harap, npHI'OpOR, oTropeTh, BoaropaHHe, orapoR, o6ropeTh, rOplOqHH, ropeBsTb, ,lI;OrOpaTb, cropeBmHH, paarsp.

137. CnHwH, BCTaBnSlSl nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl • • rpacpHyeCKH 0603HaYb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB.

1. 3aXO,ll;Hm;ee CO_Hn;e ,lI;or"""paeT HS 06JI_KaX, nOXO>KHX Ha napycHble2 K......Ps6JIH. 2. K8K B Mope, C8,AHTCH CO_ Hn;e B TPaBhI, H MaSIKaMli r.JlllT CHrHaJIbHhle orHH' , 3, Ha orpoMHoH BhlCOTe aar~eJIOCh HeJKHblM P030BhIM CBeTOM otLHOKoe 06JI_QRO. 4. OrOHb TO BcnhIXHBaJI, TO OCJI_6eBSJI OT cr..paBmHX B JIaMnOBOM CT_KJIe MorneK. 5. CROPO Bce 3HaJIH, 'liTO KapJI IIeTpo-

140. B3aJ.1MOAJ.1KTaHT. CocTaBb 101 3anJ.1WH 4-5 npeA110>Ke-

BH'tI JIellHT 3HiiI1,H, 06r.!lpeBmerO Ha CTpaWHOM JI_ CHOM no-

HI-1H co CnOBaMJ.1, cOAep>KaUJ,HMH opcporpaMMY «6YKBbl 1-0 B KopHe -rap- - -rop-n . • rpacpH4eCKJ.1 0603HaLtb ycnOBI-1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl.

mape. (K.r. IlaycToBcKHH)

138. npeAynpeAHTenbHblH AJ.1KTaHT . • rpacpw.teCKJ.1 0603HaLtb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «6YKBbl a-o 8 KopHe -rap- -rop-» . • nOALtepKHJ.1 Bce H3BeCTHbie Te6e opcporpaMMbl.

1. (K.r.

Kmo"teable enoaa leMbl: /'

BhlCOKO B He6e i\OryaJlo 6arpOBbiM lIJ1aMeHeM 06J1aKo. TIaycToBcKHH)

B POCHCTOi{l TpaBe 3arJ)aJIHCb OT COJI-

HI\a KpacHble orOHbKH 3eMJlHHHKH. (B.Il. ACTa<!>beB) 3. JI8i\OHH Y fBBpHKa IIpHHTHO ryeJlH. (B.Il. KaTaeB) 4. nOCJIe CTen-

6YKBbi a-a B KopHe -3ap- - -3 0p-

HblX 2 rromapOB BCe 6blCTPO nOKpblBaeTCSI CBemeH 3eJIeHbIO. H C nepBoro B3rJIH,lJ;a He Y3HaeWb r J)eJIblX MeCT. (C. T. AKCaKOB) 5 .• rJIaBHOe - aymHo XOP0I.DO 38r,J)eTb. 3arap - nepBblH npH-

3HaK 3i\OPOBbH., - rOBOpHJI feHKa. (A. Pbl6aKoB) • CocTaBb cxeMY 5-ro npeAflO>KeHI-1SI.

139. CBo6oAHbll:1 AJ.1KTaHT. 03arnaBb TeKeT . • rpacpJ.1l-leeKH 0603HaLtb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM C 4epeAytOUJ,J.1MHCSI rnaCHblMJ.1 a-o B KopHe. B JIecy qaCTO B03HHK8IOT nomapbl. Em;e He ycneeT paCTaHTb CHer, a Ha CyxHX KOqKax yme BbICbIX8IOT JIHCTbSl, XBOH, MOX. Bce aTO OqeHb JIerKO ropHT. IIPH nomape cpa3Y 3aropaeTcH XBOPOCT, BaJIemHHK . Bcnbl-

141 . npOLtJ.1TaH cnOBa . .o.oKa>KJ.1, LITO OHI-i SlBnRtOTCSI OAHOKOpeHHbIMJ.1 . • KaKl-ie rnaCHble 3ByKJ.1 MoryT np0J.13HOe~TbCSI B KopHe nOA YAapeHHeM? A B 6e3YAapHoM n0I10>KeHJ.1J.1? KaKJ.1M~ 6YKBaMJ.1 OHJ.1 0603Ha4atOTcSI? • Hal:1AI-i 3aKoHoMepHocTb B HanHCaHJ.11-i 6YKB a-o B KopHe

-•• p- - -.op-. C!jl0pMyn"pYH npas"no. ,

3apeBo - 30pbKa - 3apH

IOPQlOrpaMMa «BYKBhl 8-0 B KopHe -38P'

B KopHe '3ap- - '30p- 6e3Yi\8pHhlll rJIaCHhlH 3ByK 0603HaQaeTCH 6y.KBOH a.

..tV'-. , "" /.'0. <1gpltuqa, sape60. '30pu.

XHB8IOT KYCTbI, MOJIOAble eJIOqKH H coceHKH, KOTopble TOJIbKO nOApaCT8IOT. OroHb nepexo,nHT H8 HH3KHe BeTBH B3POCJIbIX eJIeH H no,nHHMaeTCSI ,no caMbIX BepmHH. Ha MecTe nomapa OCTalOTCH o6ropeJIble ,nepeBhH H MOJIOA8JI

·30p-.

llcKJI1oqeHHe:

t;;pe6amb (He CIIaTb H8 38pe).

On03HBB8TeJIbHhlH IIpH3H8K OpQ>orpaMMhl - 6e3Yi\8pHoe nOJIOmeHHe rJIaCHoro.

nopoCJIh, cropeBmHe S1r'O,nHHKH. llomapHm;a 6e,nHhI H ,n;OJII'He rO,lJ;bI npe,nCTaBJIHIOT C060R nYCTbIHIO. IlOqTII Bce nomapbI B03HHK8IOT OT HeOCTopomHoro o6pam;eHHH lIeJIOBeKa c OrHeM. STO KOCTep, KOTOPhIH 3a6bIJIH rrOTY-

IDHTb, CIIHqKa, KOTOpylO cJlyqallHo 6POCHJlH. (ITo H. BaA6btUleey)

142. CnJ.1WH, 8CTaBnR~ nponYUJ,eHHble 6YKBbl. YCTHO 101 rpacpl-iLteCKJ.1 06b~CHJ.1 Bbl60p rnacHoH B KopHe. 3J)bKa, 3J)HHI1,a, 3J)HHlIHblH, 3J)eBo:i{, 3-peHhKa, 3'-pe BaTh, 03J>.HTh, 03J)HTbCH, 03J)eHHe, 03,J)eHHOCTb, 3J).H .

• COCTaBb 101 3anJ.1WJ.1 enOB.

2-3

npeAJlo)t(eHJ.1S1 C mo6blM~ 1013 AaHHblX

.' 143. Cm1wH,

nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl . • rpacpHLieCKJ.1 o603Ha~b ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe "ponycKoB.

1. 3 apeBo

npep;CTBBHTb ce6e, 'lITo6bI ero MomHO 6hIJIO npOKpHQaTb. ITo-

BCTasnSlSl

Rpqe 03_ PHJIO

TO~

cHemHbIH 2 nec . 2. B HenpOrJISIA-

,1l;epeBeHCKoro eMa a8HHMaeTCSI 'l{HCTaSl H CJIa6aSl eBBeB8.

HbI X T ytI8X OTKpblB3JHlCh HeBl-lp;SHHbIe 3. P HHlJ,hl. 03~HH ce-

X O.l~

3TOT

aapenOH

tIRe HH3KO Ha,zJ;

CBeTaeT 6blCTpO.

TenJlOM AOMe THIDHHa, CYMP8.K.

CTBOJI

(Ilo

6--"pe3hI. (M. r OpbKHii)

BaHJ.1eM Tex me rnaeHblX a APyrJ.1X KOpHSIX • • r pacpJ.1"1eCKJ.1 o603Ha4b ycnOBJ.1S1 sbl60pa opcporpaMM C 4epeAOaaHJ.1eM rnaCHblX a-o a KopHe.

I. 1.

r ,JlHT

BOCTOK a,JlelO HOBOH.

HhIM CBeTOM 03J)eaa.

(A.C.

IIywKHB)

BCH ROMaaTa' SlHTap-

TaJIhIH cHer i HaJIeTeJl

BOT

Bpe BHa aa r opalOTCSl, K a R HB 'l 'aph. BOCXOAHT COJlHII;e.

KPYTOH oceHaHM

144. AJ.1KTaHT • • 3anJ.1wJ.1 B nesylO KonoHKY enoaa e l,(epeAYIOl1.V1MHCSI a-o B KopHe -3ap- - -30P-. B npasytO - cnoaa C "IepeAo-

aa 6peBeHl-laTble CTeHhl JlomaTCSI K Ba,o;paThI opaam.eBOI'O CBeTa.

CO_Hl1eM 03yeB. (M.IO. JIepMoHToB) 5. H a VfHHYTY 03yeHHblil MOJIHHeH, nepe,ZJ; H8M H -

C8MOH aeMJIEHi: IThlJIaeT yr_

peHHHH 3Be3,l1;8. B03,ll;YX tinCT I K8K PO,n;HHKOBRSI Bo,n;a.

PYIO pSBHHHy. 3. KOrl\8 BI\_JI H BblP em, OCT pble KPOBJIH Kp_ IIOC_HblX fiameR H paar_ peBm aSiCH 3-.Jla l 38.1UPaJI8 a8 KYnOllax, IleTp OCT_ HOBHlI 1I01ll--"lb. (A.H. TO,lCTOil) 4. B mlcTaH,

np06_ rruoT 06JI_Ka no rOJIy6oMY He6y,

'tlTO OHO CpOP;HH THmHHe HOqU, KorA8 a8,lJ; aapOCJIHMH

K.r.

Ilaycm08CICoMY)

146. CaMOAJ.1KTaHT. HaHAJ.1 J.1 BblnJ.1WJ.1 J.13 xYAomeeTBeHHoro np0J.13BeAeHJ.1A, KOTopoe Tbl I,(J.1TaeWb, 4-5 npeA11o>t<eHJ.1H co enOBaMJ.1, eOAep>t<aUl,J.1MJ.1 opcporpaMMY «6YKBbl a J.1 0 a KopHe -3ap- - -30p-» . • r pacpJ.1l,(eeKJ.1 o603Ha4b yenOBJ.1S1 abl6o-

pa op<porpaMMbl. KnK>'1eSble

enoaa leMbl :

H CJleTaJI, paar,JlaHCb, PYMHHHJlHCb m;eKH. (H.(J>. AnBeBcRHH)

4. KpaCaBHl1a-3opbKa B He6e 3aryeJIacb. (A. KOJlbI\OB) 5. OT (H.C. HHKHTHH) II. 1. HPKO H lIblWHO 3apI\eJIaCb 3Y". 2. Maille B3,l1YMaJlOCb HrpaTh B r _peJlKH. 3 . .H Ha Bac Mory nOJl_m.UThCSI. (H.C. TypreHeB) 4. 3YHHl1a Ha'lKH8.JIa HPKO 6JIeCTeTb Ha BOC3-.l)H CBeT aJlblH paaJlHBaeTcSI. '

TOKe. (JI.H. TOJlCTOli)

III. 1.

CJIOBO

-e COJIOMa,

aar_ pHTCSI -

He nOTymHmh.

IlpaBl\a B orHe H1i. ryHT H B BOl\e He TOHeT. 3. 'Iy",ylO 6ellY PYKaMH pa3Be,llY, a K cBoeil YMa He lIPHJI_"'Y. 4. He 6epe'lb nOp_CJIH -

He BH,n;aTh H ,n;epeBa . (nOCJIOBHD;hl)

145. Cao6oAHblH AJ.1KTaHT. 03arnaBb TeKeT • • rpacpH"IeeKJ.1

§ 13.

3Ha'leHHSI npHCTaBOK

147. np0I.IJ.1TaH • • CpaaHJ.1 AaHHbie cnoaa no neKCJ.1"1eCKoMY 3Hal.leHJ.1tO J.1 no eocTaay. KaK Ha3blaalOTCSI enosa, CXOAHble no neKeJ.14eCKoMY 3Ha4eHJ.1IO? KaKaSi 4aeTb cnoaa npHAaeT rnaronaM 1-~ KOnOHKJ.1 AonOnHJ.1TenbHble OTTeHKIo1 neKCJ.1"1eeKOrO 3Ha4eHJ.1A? • CAena~ SbIBOA • • 3am1WJ.1 enoaa J.13 1-H J.1 2-H KonOHOK napaMJ.1. CKonbKO nap nonYI.IJ.1nOCb? CpaaHJ.1 3TJ.1 eIlOBa no neKCJ.1"1eeKOMY 3Ha"leHJ.1tO. KaK Ha3blBatOTeSi TaKJ.1e napbl enoa? • BblAenH npJ.1eTaaKJ.1. KaKoe 3Ha"leHJ.1e BHeCnJ.1 npJ.1CTaSKJ.1 B CIlOBa, 3anJ.1eaHHble napaMJ.1? CAenaH ablaoA.

0603Ha"b ycnOBH" Bb,60pa op<porpaMM c "epellYlOlLIHMHC" rnaCHblMJ.1

a-o

a KopHe.

PSlAOM C aapHH lJ,e ii CTOHT B OAROM n03TH'tIeCKOM pSl)J;y CJIOBO 4: aapJU -

OABO Ha npeKpacaeHwHx CJIOB PYCCKOI'O .HahIKa.

3TO CJI OBO

HHKor,n;a He rOB Op.f!T rpOMKO. HeJIh3.H Aam.e

BHeCTH

BhIHeCTH

3aaeCTH

OTHeCTH

npHHeCTH

YHeCTH

148. CmtWH WYTo"tHoe CntXOTsOpeHJ.1e Onera rpJ.1rOpbeSa, BblAemUI npHCTaBKJ.1 B cnOBa x . • HaHAJ.1 cnOBa-aHTOHJ.1Mbl, pa3nH"tatow,J.1ecSI TonbKO npJ.1CTaBKaMJ.1. OnpeAenJ.1, KaKJ.1e 3Ha"teHJ.1S1 BHOCSIT 3TH npJ.1CTaBKJ.1 B cnOBa . • 06bSlCHJ.1 nOCTaHOBKY 3anSlTOH B 1-M npeAflO>KeHHH, COCTaBb ero cxeMY.

r HMJ.1 cnoaaMH. • HaHAH J.1 nOALtepKHJ.1 sce J.13SeCTHble Te6e oPCPOrpaMMbl s cnosax, KOTo~;,e Tbl BblnHcan. Q6pa3eu 3anHCI1: no nHcb, nOA-rOpOH (noA "teM?).

,l\pllKa Ha pblHKe nOl\p8JIHCL co6aKH. Ha I\PIlKY c6.lllKB..IlID;!> 3eBIlKH.

1 SO. npO"tHTaH . BblAenH npHcTasKH . np0l13HeCH cnosa Bcnyx . • KaK np0l13HOCSlTCSl npHCTaBKH? KaK 0603HaLtatoTCSI Ha nJ.1CbMe? • CAenaH BbIBOA. no,o;pHCOB8Tb -

CTB..JlH KOmeJIK8MH 6HThCSI. TaK paao,n;p8.nHCb aeB8KH,

OPcPOrP8.MM8 .rJIRCHbIe H COrJIRCHhIe B npHcTRBKax,

'ITO p a36eJf(8JIHCb co6aKH.

KpoMe npHCTaBOK Ha -3 (-c).

149. npO"tJ.1TaH CTHxoTBo peHHe MapHHbl 60poAH4KOH. YnoTpe6neHJ.1e KaKJ.1X cnOB nOMorno aBToPY «O>KHBIo1Tb» MonoKo? B KaKOM 3Ha"teHHH ynoTpe6neHo cnOBO y6e)t(aTbl B "teM «neKcH"tecKHH ceKpeT» 3Toro CTHxoTBopeHHSI? Y6eJf(aJlO MOJIOKO. Y6eJf(8JIo l\8JIeKo!

Tpex cTapymeK no,o;MOqHJIO, 'YrOCTHJIO ,o;ByX KOTHT, PaaorpeJIOCh - H HR38,Z1;!

BHHa no JIeCTHHrr;e CK8THJIOCb,

BI\OJIb no YJIHlIe

Bl\oJIL no y mille

JIeTeJIO,

IIycTHJIOCb,

BBepx no JIeCTHHn;e IIblxTeJIo,

lloTeKJIo, IIocToBoro

OTI\YBaHCL THJf(eJIO.

06omJIo,

TYT x03HHKa I10,lJ;OCneJIR:

IIol\ CKlIMeHKOH

- 3IlKHIIeJIO? 3IlKHneJIO!

IIpoCKottHJIO,

rJI8CHhIe H COrJI8CHbIe B rrpHCTaBK8X, KpOMe npHCTaBOK Ha -3 (-c), 060aHaQaroTcSI Ha nHCbMe Bcer,o;R OAHBaKOBO, He3RBHCHMO OT npOli:3HOmeHHSI.

IIp~iJ"'azamb, tiJamb. On03HaBaTeJIbHblH IIpH3HaK op<l>orplIMMbI - 6eaYl\ap-

Hoe nOJIOmeHHe rJIaCHoro HJIH CTeqeHHe COrJIaCHbIX. - _._ .

151. np0'iHTaH . HaHAI1 cnosa, B KOTOPblX HeT npHcTasKH. • Bblnl1WH cnoaa c np HcTasKaMH, 0 6 03Ha'i b opcporpaMMY·

'Iepe3 IIJIOII\8,l\L

rro,o;nHC8Tb - I10,ll,nHCb

OT,o;aTb - OTTOJIKHYTb - OTnyCK c,n;eJIaTh - CTepeTb - CMaaaTb

t{ To6bI K c068.K8.M np06HTbcH,

B K8CTPIOJIIO 38ll0JI3JIO,

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

BJIHTb, BOMTH, BoeBRTb, BWApa. ,l1;o6emaTb, ,o;06PbIII, .a;oexaTb, .a;OBepHTb . IIoJIOCK3, nOJJ;'be3A, rrO,lJ;HHTb, nOe3)..1, . C ,n;eJIa'l'h, 3A8HHe. co6paTbcH, c'n cTb. IIpe,ll;cTaBH'l'b , npe.u.OCTaBHTb , npe.n;roPbe . npe,n:MeT.

• COCTaBb J.1 3anHWH no ABa npeAJlO>KeHHSI co cnOBaMM npeAcTaBHTb, npeAocTaBHTb, Y'iHTbIBaSl pa3'bSlCHeHHe, AaHHoe HI1>Ke.

• KaKHe ew,e oc06eHHOCTH ynoTpe6neHHSI rnaronos Tbl 3aMeTHn? BbmHWH cnOBa c npJ.1CTaBKaMH H cnosa c npeAnoraMIo1. • BcnOMHI1 opcporpacplo1LteCKHe npaBHna HanHcaHHSI npHCTaBOK H npeAflOrOB . • rpacpH"teCKH 0603Halib ycnosHSI Bbl60pa cnHTHoro HanHcaHHSI npHCTaBOK H pa3AenbHoro Hanlo1caHHSI npeA11oros C APY-

IIpe,o;cT81U!Tb: 1) I103HaKOMHTb KOrO-JIH60 C KeM-HH6y,o;b •

IIpe{}cmaeumb zocmJl, co(5pa8UlUMCJl,; 2) ,o;OCTaBHTb, npe,ll;'bHBHTL. IIpeiJcma8umb iJOl<YMel<mbl, Cnpa81<Y . IIpe,o;ocTaBHTb:1) OT,o;aTb B pacnopSlmeHHe, B nOJIb30BaBHe. IIpeiJocmaBumb K8apmupy ; 2) ,o;aTb B03 MOJKHOCTh, npaBo.

IIpeiJocma8umb C.II080, omnycI<.

7 /

7 ~~ \

\tj" /

7 I~ \

\ ~

____ § 14. 6YKBbi e, H B npHCTaBKaX npe-, npH-

152.

CnJ.1wJ.1, BCTaBnsuI nponYU4eHHble 6YKBbl • • 0603Ha4b opcporpaMMY «rnacHble H cornaCHble B npHcTaBKax, KpoMe npJ.1CTaBOK Ha -3 (-C)>>, APyrHe opcpOrpaMMbl Ha MeCTe nponYCKoB 6YKB.

H8 TB_HX ILPKB8X CT_pHHHhlX BhlP_CT8IOT )J;_p_Ba;

3TO MaTYWKa MocKBa.

(<lUI. rJIHHKa) 2. --'1ecb, B cTapblx II_p_YJIKaX 3a Ap6aToM, COBceM oco6b1li ropo_ ••• (FLA. BYH,m) 3. ,A rile Moli TOBaPMUL? - IIP_MOJIBHJI OJIe_. - ... --'10POB JIH? BCe TaK me JIb

I'JIa_ He _XBaTHT YJIHD; )J;JIHBHblX •• •

JIerOK ero 6e_?

4. B PYKH

.n:6JIO'll_KO B3_JI8, K 8JIhIM I'Y_KaM

IIj(H_CJIa, n_T_XOHbKY npHKYCHJI8 Ii KycOqeK np_ rJI_THJI8 •••

HaHOHeq nMCbMO /lH,IIM <l>e/lOpa B I'OPO/l IIPW'XaJIo., B ropo-

IIec aa Sl6JIOKO CTpeMrJI8B C JIaeM KHBYJICSI, _3JIHJICSI, np_I'JI_THJI ero, _B8JIHJICSI ...

154. npb4J.1rai1 TeKCT. nOcTaBb YAapeHHe B cnOBax C nponyw,eHHbIMJ.1 6YKBaMJ.1, Ha30BH B HJ.1X npJ.1eTaBKH • • BCTaBb nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl • • B KaKJ.1X npJ.1CTaBKax o603Ha4eHJ.1e Ha nJ.1CbMe 6e3YAapHoro rnaCHoro He Bbl3blBaeT 3aTpYAHeHJ.1i1? n04eMY? • Ha30BH npJ.1CTaBKJ.1, B KOTOPblX B03MO>t<HO HanJ.1CaHHe 6YKB e, H. nOl.(eMY? MO>t<eWb nH Tbl, He 3HaSi opcporpacpJ.14eCKoro npaBHna, CAenaTb npaBHnbHbli1 Bbl6op? TorAa onHpai1CSI Ha npaBHno!

(A.C. IIymKHH)

)J;e y»<e .n;pyroii nOqTaJIbOH ero nane C MaMOH np 1.-rn:ec.

YJIHn;e/ ,l1;Om,l1;HK 6hlJI ClfJlbHbJii.n!tbIJIhHLIii. 1l0QTMbOH Becb IIp[).iOK AO HUTQQKH. IIaDa ,n8>l(c el'o n)JK8JIeJI .

3anOMHHf B

(IIo aR. YenencKoMY «l{RiJJL <Peoop, nee U Kom»)

CJIOBax~. ~e. ~be

Oplj>orpaMMa ,SYKBbI e, H B npMCTaBKax npe-, npH-.I---,

3 HBJIHeTCSI Q8CTblO KOpHSI.

'r IIpHcT8BK8

CnHwH, BCTaBnsuI B cnaBa npJ.1eTaBKY C knH 6YKBY 3, KoTapaS! BXOAHT B coeTaB KOpHSI • • BblAenJ.1 npJ.1eTaBKY. j(BHHYTb, _ I'JI8,ll;HTb, _1'ym;eHHoe MOJIOKO, _mellb nHChMO,

npH6JIHmeHHe

npe- 0603HaQaeT Bhlcmyro CTeneHb npH3HaKa (np~806pbIU - O'le1<b 806pb1U) HJIM MMeeT TaHOe me

cyxapb, ~opOBbe. ~paBCTBYH , L6HTb i TeMIIepaTypy,~6epel'a TeJIbHbIH 6aHK.

3HaQeHHe, 't{TO H rrpHCTaBK8 nepe-

(np~2paaa - nepeizo-

p08U'mb) . Ono3HaBaTeJIbHblii npM3HaK oplj>orpaMMbI - 6e3Y/lap-

• nOA4epKHJ.1 Bce J.13BeCTHble re6e opcporpaMMbl.

IT~MII~paTyPa r

Hoe nOJIomeHHe I'JI8CHoro.

CnJ.1WH cnOBa, rpynnJ.1pySl J.1X no 3Ha~eHJ.1S!M npJ.1CTaBOK . • 0603Ha4b on03HaBaTenbHbll1 npJ.13HaK J.1 yenoBHSI Bbl60pa J.13Y4aeMoH opcporpaMMbl • • AOnHWJ.1 B Ka>KAYto rpynny cnOB no 2-3 CBOJ.1X npJ.1Mepa.

155.

KJIJOqeBble CJIOBa Tel\o1LI: opq>orpaMMW - rJI8CRble 6YKBbi Ii opqmrpaMMbl COl'JI8CHhIe

IIpHCTaBK8

j(8HHe Te8Tpa, ~maTb npymHHy, ~eWHHH M8CTep, !,.rpbl3Tb l

JIeKCHqeCKOe 3USQeHHe

YKa3bIBaeT

(npJiexamb), Ha 6JIM30CTb K QeMY-JIM60 (npl'l.umOJlb· HbLU), Ha npHcoep;HHeHBe (np~\wHmumb), H8 HenOJIHOTY /leiiCTBHH (np12cecmb).

153.

npHCT8SK8

npH-

6yt(.Bhl

B npHCT8SK8X

158. nonb3YSlcb TonKOBblM cnoBapeM, BblACHH 3Hal.4eHIo1S1

06pa3eu 3anI'lCI'I: . np!innbITb, np{1t1T11 (npIo16m1>KeHlo1e). IIpH6pemahIif, n pK,lJ;OpOmHhIH , npHJIeTeTb, npecKyqBbIH , npeCKBepBbIH, npHnRJlT b, npH6l1Th , opecTyuHHK, npeCJIeAOBaTb, npHyc8,l.l;efiHblH, rrpHBH3aTh. npH~enHTb . DpHne'tIl). npHceCTb , n perpa.n;a-" , n pHKphlTb, npHKOCHYTbCH, npKJIRr8TbCH, npeMHJIblH, npHCK8 K8Tb, npHDOJI3TH.

AaHHblX cnos . • CocTasb C HIo1MH cnOBOCOl.4eTaHHR, 3anHWH. • 0603Ha"'lb YCIl.0BHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «6YKBbl e, H 8 npHCTasKax npe- , npH-» . IIPH6hIB8Tb npHTBopHTh npHeMHHR -

156. 3anlo1wH enOBa, 0603Hal.4atOw,He : 1)

npeTBopHTb; npHKJIOHHTbCSI -

npecTynHTb 2; npeKJIOaHTbCH;

npeeMHHK, npeeMCTBeHHOCTh; npH3HpaTb -

rrpe3HpaTb.

npH6JIHmeHHe 8BTOM06HJISI , nTHJJ;hI, phl5hl, 3MeH;

2) npHcoeAHHeHHe C nOMOm;blO KJIeSl, BepeBKH, HI'OJIKK H BHTRH, BHHT8; 3) HaXOm,lJ;eHHe OROJIO ,n;oporH, CTRHII;HH , MOPH, BOK3RJIa; 4) O'tleHh CBeTJIhlH, OlJeHb AJIKHHblH, OlJeHb MHJIhlH,

159. 06'bHcH"TeJIbHblli IIHKTaHT . • rpa<jlH'IeCKH 060aHa'lb YCJIOBHH BhI6oP8 op<porpaMMhI . BYRBhI e, R B npHCT8BKax

npe-, npR- • .

1. A

OlJeHb xopomeHhKHH.

• 0603Hal.4b ono3HasaTenbHblH nplo13HaK H3Yl.4aeMoH opcporpaM- Mbl 101 ycnosHSI ee sbl6opa . • KaKHe 3Hal.4eHHA npHCTasoK npe-, "PHHe npeACTaBneHbl S 3TOM ynpa>KHeHHIo1? AononHH ynpa>KHeHHe cnoBaMH, KOTopble HMetOT nplo1cTaBKH C 3THMH 3Hal.4eHIo1S1MH.

, 157. CnHwH npeAIlO>KeHHSI, BCTasnAA nponyw.eHHble 6YKBbl . • 0 603Hal.4b ycnoBIo1A Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «6YKBbl e, H S npHCTaBKax npe-, npH-».

r....p....AHH'tlldi MemAY TeM B_K83RJI np_ CTpOI'O BceM, lJT06 KODeH He D_Kynrum ... 2. 'fyT H8,AeJI OB CBOH KaqyrBH, onOHCKOH nOAB_38JICH, np_YMhIJICH,

npe6hIBaTb; npHcTynHTh -

npH_lJeCRJICH, KHYT CBOH c60-

KY up_neUHJI .. . 3. Oli , KOHeQeK-rop6YHOqeKI IIp_6eraii CKO4. BOT CIO,n;a-TO ,n;o 3""pHHJJ;bl2 np_JIeT81OT lKaPbl-UTHnbl. (II.II. EpmoB) 5. H IIJlHna X_X_TaTb, " UJI_qa-

peR, ,n;PymoqeKI

MH n_mHMaTb, H n....AMHI'HBaTb I'JI838MH, H np_m;eJIRHB8Tb :

uepCTaMH ..• (A.C. IIYIIIKHH) • ECTb m1 cpeAH cnOB C nponYCKaMH 6YKS 3Hal.4eHJ.1A npHCTaSOK npe-, npH-, He npeACTasneHHble s npeAblAyw,eM ynpa>KHeHIo1H?

xoaHlOlllKm1: aHa B TepeMY Mem TeM O,ItH8, np_6epeT2

2. KY,lJ;eCHHK, Thl JImHBhIH, 5e3YMHhIH cTapHK! IIp_ apeTb 6LI TBoe upellcKaaaHbel 3 .• BaCHJIHCa EropoBHa \Ip_ xpa6paH lIaMa_, - aaMeTHJI BalKHO IIIBa6pHH. (A.C. IIym· ~HH) 4. Beapo.a;HOI'O np_apeJI II BBeJI B cBoe 1 ceMeHc TBo . (A.C. rpH60e~oB) 5. IIoeall np_6blJI no paCUHcaHHIO. IIpL6b1-

H np_roToBHT.

B8Tb B CTOJIHII;e. IIp_ cTYTIHM K 38HSlTHHM. IIpQ.cTyn HTb aaKOH.

IIp~BopHTb ABeph 3. llP_TBOPHTh MetJTY B mH3H h. IIP2..KJIoHSlThCSI nepe.a; TaJIaHTOM. KOJIocbSl np_KJIOHH:JIHCb K 3eMJIe. " Pa,n;HOnp_eMHHK B 8BTOM06HJIe. IIp~eMHH R AHpeK Top8.

160. npO"'lHTaH CTHXOTsopHble CTP0l.jKH. KaKHMH cnOBaMH «HrpatOT» n03Tbl? B KaKOM 3Ha"'leHIo1H ynoTpe6neHbi BblAeneHHble cnoBa?

C068~ BepeBKoH np_BH3h1BaIOT , CHAeTb cnoKoHHo

np_Ka3hIBaIOT. Ho eCJIH HX JII06HT, OKa3hIB8eTCH, caMH OHH I np_BH3blBaIOTCH. -(:3.:3. MOInKOBcKasr) 2. He ycneB 38KOIfllHTh ,n;PaKH, KaT np KJIeHJICH K co6aKe, a K TpaMBaIO B TOT

MHI'

Up_JIeUHJICH' rpyaoBHK. (B.B. 3.xo~ep) 3. H Ha IIPYlKeCKHli Up_BeT IDJIIO HeMei\JIeRHO OTBeT 'l (A. YcaqeB) 4. IIepeupblrHBaH qepea JIYlKY, 6eperHTeCb BCTpeqHOrO BeTpa, BHeaanHblli UOpblB KOToporo MomeT ,n;OCTaBHTh BaM Henp_SlTHOCTH -

BnJIOTb AO

KamJIH H HacMopKa. (THM C06aKHH) 5. IIp_MHTe, MHJIblli KaK· TyC, OT Hac cero,[{HSI B ,n;8P np_KpaCHhIH-p8cnp_ KpaCHblH 6oJIb-

IDoli BoallYIIIHblli •.. Bax!!! (fl. IIIeBqYK) 6. Y UOCJIellHeli

TD'lIRH, Ha nOCJIe,l1;HeH CTpOl.JKe co6pa.n:acb KOMIIaHHSI 3RRHOB

IIp_IIHHaHH''. (C.>!' Mapmru<) • BblnHWJ.1 1'13 npeAl10>KeHIo1~

6YKB. B KaKJ.1X cnOBax Te6e He YAanOCb onpeAemtTb 3Ha'"leHlo1e npJ.1CTaeOK? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb nOLteMY? cnOBa

c nponYCKaMH

npe-, rrpu- yme

,n;opore IIO-

eI..Qe paa npHD;eJIHJICH, HO

pa3,ZJ;yMaJI CTpeJISITh. OR rrpHrHYJICH Ii MaxHYJI qepea RaHaBY B BHHorpa,o;HHK .

(ITo Bfl. Kamaeey «BeJLeem napyc

B HeKOTopbIX CJIOBaX B COBpeMeHHOM PYCCKOM "3bIKe npHCTRBKH

B,lq)yr p a 3,lJ;aJICH npHI'JIymeHHbIH BhICTpeJI, Ii Ha

Ka38JICSI KOHHhIH kCTpamHHK.

oiJUlt01CUU»)

163. I. nOA6ep" aHTOH"Mbl C np"CTaBKaM" npe- , npH- K

He BbI,lI;eJIHIOTCSI, ORK (lCPOCJIHCbl> C

AaHHblM cnOBaM ' J.1 cnOBOCOYeTaHHSlM, 3am1WIo1 . ·

KopHeM. IIo3TOMY npaBOllHCaHHe TaKHX CJlOB H8,!J;O npoBepSlTb

0603Ha'''4b

opcporpaMMY·

no CJIOBapro HJUI aaIIOMHH8Tb .

YpO,ll;JIHBhIH , OT,lI;8JUIThCSI , O'tleHb 3JIOH, a'lleHb M8.J[O, y6aBJIHTb, pyraTb .

3anoMHHI. np!lHe6peraTb

II.

npgnSlTcTBlie

IIpHpOAa npHMep

aHEiKH npgrrHH8lIHSI

rrpHKJIlOtIeHne

rrpn60p

rrpHtI.HHa

npUBeT

rrpHSlTHbIH

nOA6epJ.1 CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl C npJ.1CTaBKaMJ.1 npe-, npH- K AaHHblM

cnOBaM J.1 cnOBOCO"'leTaHJ.1J1M, 3anJ.1WJ.1 • • 0603Ha"'lb opcporpaMMY.

~aropoAHTb, nOHpaBHTbCH, ,l1;OCTaBaTb , npnea,maTb, HaxoAHT\'CSI, OTHOCHTbCSI 6ea YBameHllH. • npoBepb ce6J1: 06paTJ.1Cb K py6pJ.1Ke «nOAcKa3KJ.1)) Ha c.

20S

Y"'le6HJ.1Ka • • lt1cnonb3YSl C110Ba C npJ.1CTaBKaMJ.1 npe-, npH-, COCTaBb J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1

161 .

,uJ.1KTaHT

l. ~tz!9f)&jf(-fH:d-it. nP£ MHJIbIH, nP1.KpacHbIH, npf YMHbIH . 2. IIptAXOAHTb, np.!dIQYPHTbCH, ,..Il~bl llPU KPHKHYTb.

3-4

npeAIlo>t<eHJ.1S1.

({lIeTBepTbli:1 11J.1WHIo1i:1».

IIp.td.HaJIetIb, rrpy.TSlHYTb,

npl psmca;BQB8JIlb,

KJIlO'IeS:&Ie CJlOBa TeM :&I:

n Pt!AYMaTb.

npI1CTaBKa JIeKCHtIeCKoe aH8'1eHHe

• Hai:1AJ.1 B Ka>KA0M PSiAY 11J.1WHee C110BO, nOA"'IepKHJ.1 ero. BblAe-

opcporpaMMa-rJIaCHa" 6YKBa

11J.1 npJ.1CTaBKJ.1 B cnOBax, YCTHO 06bSlCHJ.1 J.1X 3Ha"'leHJ.1e.

YCJJOBHSJ 8bI6opa opcporpaMMbI- rJI8CHOH 6YKBhl

162. .@M!~

~ ;':;'\:ill k

06bSlCHJ.1TenbHbli:1 AJ.1KTaHT •

COJIH.n;e mrJIO, KaK B cepe,l1;HHe HIOJISr. JIoma,l1;H C TPY,lJ;OM Ta~nJIH ,lJ;HJIHmaHc* no rreCKY .

TOHKa" MYKa nbiJIH OKpYlKHJIa nYTeIIIecTBeHHHKOB. BPOBH Ii peCHH:U;hI CTaJIn ce.n;hIMH . IIbIJIb H enpHSITHo xpycTeJIa Ha ay6ax. Kyqep rrpeBpaTHJICH B MeJIhHHK8.

,lJ.HJI!!maHC

§ t 5.

IiYHalo. 3 H C Ha HOH~e npHCTaaOH

166. 3am1WJ.1 cnoaa B ABa cTon6HKa: c 6YK80H 3 Ha KOH4e "PHCTaSKH H C

164. YeM OTIlH1.IatOTCSI npHcTasKIo1 B napax enoa? • CpasHIo1 npoH3HOWeHJ.1e KOHe4Horo cornaCHoro 3sYKa B npJ.1CTaSKax J.1

6YKBOH

C t=fa KOHu.e npHCraSKJ.oi • •

rpacp", ...eCKH

0603Halotb

ycnoBHSI 8bl6opa 6YKBbi 3 J.111H C npM HanHcaHHH "pHCTaSKH.

B_oaX8Tb 2,

6e~eJIbe, BO_CT8HHe, pa_Be,l(blSaTb,

pa_llOJIa-

KaKoH 6YKBOH o603Ha4aeTcSI KOHel.fHbll1 comacHblH 3syK B npHcTasKe? KaKYtO 3aKoHoMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn? • CAenai:t BbIBOA. Ha30BH OCHOBHoe YClloBHe Bbl-

I'JISI,lJ;h1S8Tb, 6e_ n;eJIbHbIH, BH_XO,D;HTb, B_KHoeTb, B--AYM8Th,

60pa 6YKB 3 H C Ha KOHu,e npHCTaBOK, 0603HaYb ero rpacpHyeCKH.

6e c'tJeTHblH.

era 0603Hal.leHJ.1e Ha nJ.-tCbMe.

6ea- (6ec-) Boa- (BOC-) Ba- (BC·) Ha- (HC-) HHa· (HHC-) paa· (pac-) qpea- (qpec·. qepec·)

r8Tbca, B---.A,bI6HTbCH, 6e_llOpSl,ll;OK, "_JIHTh, "_uyraTbcH, pa_BO_JImKHTb, H_MOpo3L, ps_'tJeT:'\ pa_C't{HT8Tb, qepe_nOJIOCH~a,

• 06bSlCHH 3HayeHHe SblAeneHHoro cnosa, pa36epH ero no cocTasy.

6e36pemHbIH - 6eCCHJIhHbIH B03pOm,ll;eHHe -

BOCKJIH~8HHe

B3,ll;OXHYTh -

BcrropXHYTh

H36emaTb -

HCTOJIKOBaTb

HH3BepraTb qpe3MepHhIH -

OpQ)Ql'p8MMa . BYKBhI 3 If C H8

KOH~e

167. 3aMeHH npHcTaBKY e~ npHcTaBKaMH, OKaHYHSalOUJ,HMHCSI Ha 3 (e), 3anl-iWH • • rpacpW.leCKH 0603HaYb Bbl60p 6YKB 3 H e Ha KOHLI,' npHCTaBOK.

qepeCnOJIOCH~a

pa~eT

~q~HhIH

HHCXO,ll;HTb

pa3,ll;aTh - pacrrYCTHTh

paili;qHT8.Th

06pa3eu 3anHCI1: 26e>KaTb - ~e)f(aTb (nepeA 3B.) HenpHSlTHOCTH.

npHCT8BOK. l

CrOHHTh, C,lI;8B8Tb, CI'H68Tb, CKHHYTb, C68.BHTh I , cBepHYTb,

B npHCTaBKax Ha -3 (-c) nepeA 6YKBaMH. 060aHaqa-

C,lI;YT b 2, cmeBaTh.

IOW;HMH 3BOHKHe corJI8CHbIe 3BYKH, IIHmeTCH 3, 8 nepe,ll; 6YKB8MH, 0603H8Q8IOW;HMH I'JIYXHe COI'JIaCHhIe 3BYKH, -

Pa3~060p

(nepeJl aB.).

pa!:.~ucaltue

168. HaHAI-i npl1CTaBKI-i Ha -3 (-e) B AaHHblX cnOBax • • BblAenH npHCTaBKH, KOTopble He H3MeHSlIOTCfI Ha nl-iCbMe • • 0603HaYb ycnoBI1S1 sbl60pa 6YKB 3 I-i C Ha KOHLI,e npl-iCTaBOK.

(nepeA rJlYX.).

OII03H8.BaTeJIhHbIH rrpH3H8.K OP<POI'P8MMhI - CTeqeHlie

Be3paccy,n;CTBO, H3paCKO,ll;OB8Tb, nepeH3,l1;aB8Th, npe.o;p8C-

COrJI8CHblX.

CY,lI;OK, p8CrrOJIOmeHHe, rrpOHCXO,ll;HTh, rrop83MhICJIHTb, npOH3-

" 165. BblnHwl1 TonbKO cnOBa C npHcTaBKaMI1 Ha -3 (-e) • • 0603HaYb ycnoBHfI Bbl60pa 6 YKBbi 3 I1nH e 8 npHCTasKax.

169. 3aMeHH cYUJ,ecTBHTenbHble C npeAflOrOM npHnaraTenbHblMH C npHcTaBKaMH Ha -3 (-e) . KaKaSl opcporpacpHyeCKaSl np06neMa B03HHKaeT? • rpacpHyeCKH 0603HaYb ycnoBl-ifi Bbl60pa 6YKB 3 H C Ha KOHLI,e npl-iCTaaOK.

B 3,ltbIXaTb, paCCMOTpeT b, pa36uTb , paCTHTb, pa3>KBJI06HTb,

6eapa.n;OCTHblH, BOCKOBOH, H36paTb,

p a3HhIH,

BO,ll;HTh.

Qpe3MepHblH,

HcrreQb, H 3YMPY,ll;HhIH, 6eCKOHTpOJIbHbIH, 6eCe,ll;OB8Tb, B03,l1;bI-

Q6pa3ey 3anHCH: 6e3 C03HaHHSI - 6e~C03HaTenbHb1H (nepeA

X8TeJIb, H cnallK8Tb, HCTOpHQeCKHH , H3JI8r8Tb, HCKp8.

myx .).

'7 7 7

\-1- ;

Bea a8~HTbI, 6ea CnOp8, 6ea a86oTbI, 6ea CeMbH, 6ea CHJIbI,

KJlJOQeObIe CJI0B8 TeMbJ: npMCT8BKH

6ea cep,lJ;n;a, 6ea aJI06bI, 6ea COBeCTH, 6ea BKYC8.

• KaKoe np~1JlaraTenbHOe Tbl 06pa30Ban OT nocneAHerO cyw,eCTSHTenbHOrO C npeAllOrOM? CpasHH ero npOH3HoweHHe H HamtCaHHe. 06bSlCHH, nOl.leMY 3TO cnoso SblAeneHO S paMKy.

opcporp8MMhI- COI'JI8CHble 6YKBhJ

aBOHKHH COrJIaCHbIH

6e.f!BKYCHblM

6e3BKYCHI\a

§ t 6. 6YKBioI bl, H nocne npHCTaBoK 172.

170.

rJIYXOH COI'JIaCBhJH

npOI.jHTa~. BblAenH npHcTasKH S cnosax. CpasHH npo-

H3HoweHHe H HanHcaHHe rnaCHblX nocne npHcTasoK. KaKYtO 3aKoHoMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn? • CAena~ BbIBOA.

CS060AHbl~ AHKTaHT. nocnywa~ H 03arnaSb TeKCT .

HaHAH S HeM Te 06pa3bl, C nOMOLl4bto KOTOPblX nHcaTenb nOA.. .. l.jepKHSaeT KpacoTy P03bl, sblAenSieT ee cpeAH APyrHx paCTeHH~ . • KaKosa OCHOSHaSl Mblcnb TeKCTa?

HCRaTb - IIOHCKaTb -

IIO,lJ;hlCRaTb

HrpaTb - ,lJ;OHrpaTh - ChIl'paTb HHTepecHhIH - IIpeHHTepecHblM - cBepxHHTepecHhlH

, \

Ha poaOBOM KycTe paCn;Be.1I8 poaa. KYCT pOC B n;BeTHHKe nepe,lJ; rrpHaeMMCTbIM ,lJ;OMOM. IJ;BeTHHK 6hIJI ot{eHb aany~eH.

• Ha30BH OCHOBHoe ycnos",e Bbl60pa 6YKBbi bl nocne npHcTaSOK, rpacpHl.jeCKH 0603Hal.lb 3TO ycnoBHe.

CopHhIe TPaBhI ryCTO paapOC.1IHCb . ,l1;opomKH yme ,lJ;8BHO He paCt{Hm;aJIHCb H He IIOCblrr8JIHCb

Op<porpaMMa «BYKBhI hI, H IIOCJIe rrpHCTaBOK))

rreCKOM. Ol'pa,lJ;a COBceM o6JIea.1Ia, paCCOXJI8Cb H p8aBMHJI8Cb. Kp8rrHBa aaHHMaJI8 n;eJIhIH yrOJI n;BeTHHK8 H CJIymH.1Ia

IIocJIe npHCT8BOK, KOTopbIe OKaHQHBaIOTCSI aa COI'.1Iac-

<pOHOM ,lJ;JIH Hemaoro H POCKOIDHoro n;BeTKa poabl.

HbIH aBYR, BMeCTO H rrpOHaHOCIITCSI H IIHIDeTCSI LI .

Poaa pacrrYCTHJIaCb B MaMCKoe yTpO Ha paCCBeTe. OHa paa-

IIoc.1Ie IIpHcTaB~H CBepx- B a8rrHC8HHH coxpaaHeTCSI

BepayJIa CBOH JIerreCTKH, H yTpeHHSISI poca OCTaBHJI8 Ha HHX

6YKBa H. (..

IIpoapat{Hble CJIe3HHKH. Poa8 TO't[HO UJIaKMa. Ho BOKpyr Hee

CbL2pamb .(uzpamb), c6epx'uHmepecHblu (nocne 7c6~e~p~i'~·).

6bIJIO TaK XOpOIIIO B 3TO npeKpacaoe YTpO.

•

(ITo B.M. rapwuny) • rpacpHl.jeCKH 0603Hal.jb opcporpaMMbl-rnacHble H opcporpaMMbl-cornaCHble 6YKSbi S npHCTaSKax H S KOPHflX cnos.

171 . 3aMeHH AaHHbie cnosa CHHOHHMaMH C nplilcTasKaMH Ha -3 (-c) . • rpacpHl.jeCKH 0603Hal.jb ycnosHSI 8bl60pa 6YKB 3 H C Ha KOHu,e np~CTaBOK. 06pa3eu 3anHC"': sne3aTb - B'3§HpaTbCSI (nepeA 3B.) . JKecToKHH, HanpaCHo, THXHH, BO.1IHOBaTbCSI, rrpHKaaaTb,

paBHO,lJ;YIIIHbIH.

173. CnHwH, conOCTasnSlSl 3sYl.jaHHe H Han",caHHe rnaCHblX nocne np",cTaBoK. ! rpacpHl.leCKH 0603Hal.jb ycnosHSI Bbl60pa H3yl.jaeMO~ opcporpaMMbl. PaabIcK8Tb, rrpe,lJ;bICTOpHSI, 6eabIHTepecHhIH, rrO,lJ;bITomHTb, cBepxH3BecTHbIH.

• CocTaBb npeAllO>KeHHSJ C mo6blMH TpeMSI cnOBaMIii H3 AaHHbIX.

---114. 06pa3YH S03MO>KHble OAHoKopeHHbie cnosa OT AaHHblX C YKa3aHHblMH npHcTasKaMH. 3anHwH H npoliHTaH HX • • rpacpHliecKH 0603Halib ycnosHSI Bbl60pa H3Y4aeMoH opcporpaMMbl. 6e3B306OTpa3-

, KJUO'IeBble CJlOBa TeMbl:

§ 17.

Hrp8Th, HCK8Th, HHTepecHhIH, HHHD;H8THBHhIH,

3Ha'leHHA CycjlcjlHKcOB

HCKyccTBeHHbIH, HCXO,l1;HbIH

177. npOliHTaH TeKCT • • KaKHe CYCPcpHKCbl Tbl snHweWb Ha MeCTa nponycKos? KaKoBo HX 3HalieHHe? npOAOn>KH PSlAbl cnOB C 3THMH CYCPcpHKcaMH.

cCBepx-

• Pa36epH no cocTasy OAHH rnaron H OAHO npHnaraTenbHoe C I npHCTaBKaMH.

115. CmtWH npep,nO>KeHHSI, BCTasmlSi nponyw,eHHble 6YKSbi H HeAOCTaK>w,He 3HaKI-1 npenHHaHHSI • • rpacpH4ecKH 0603Ha4b ycnoBHSI 8bl6opa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKos.

1. rp03HO C 6ypeH p a.lr ! BOp rrOHl\eT; 3aKpYlKHT oRa, pa3 ""rpaeT/ clI. (A.B. KOJIbrrOB) 2. KOrl\a-H1I6Yl\b MOHax* TpyI\QJIIO6HBblH H8H,l1;eT MOR TPY,l1; 1 ycep,ll;HhIH, 6ea~MSlHHblH ••• 3. Ho 2 B ceJIe ,lI;OtI~ B8CHJIhSl-KyaHe-

CK8mHTe, tITO TaRoe K8oapl'B. *?

KaoapawHoK?

1.I\e.6eQym;eH, ,lI;Ylll....dCTOR T_JIIIbI BhI,lI;eJISlJIHCb Ha~cKaHHo O,ll;eThle rOCIIO,ll;a, tIJIeHhI He6ea :A aBeCTHoro KpymK8. (A.H. TOJICTOii) 5. Paai cKlIB8Tb aBepH 3 IIO CJI!ftaM He BCHKHH ,lI;eHb Y,l1;06HO .

(B.B. BHaHKII) • CocTaBb cxeMY

l-ra npeAf10>KeHHA. [ -

=],

LG - , @]

176. Ha30BH OCHOSHoe ycnosHe sbl60pa H3YliaeMoH opcporpaMMbl. nOA6epH TaKHe npHcTaBKH K AaHHblM cnosaM, liT06bl HanHcaHHe B HHX 6YKS bl, H nocne npHcTasKH OKa3anOCb sepHblM . • 0603Halib ycnosHSI Bbl60pa AaHHoH opcporpaMMbl. _ bI3BecTHhIH, _H3BecTHblH, _hI,l1;eHHhIH, _H,lI;eHHhIii, _hICK8Th, _HCKYCHhIH, _hICKYCHhIH, _blTomllTb, _ hICTOpHtIeCKHH.

Ka-

6ap"<Hxa? He 3RaeTe? HeT JIll cYCPQ:mKcoB, KOTophIe IIOMOryT HaM rrOHSlTh 3Ha~Ie HHe He3HaKOMoro CJIOBa? KaoapmOHOK -

3,l1;eCb BhI,lI;eJISleTCH

\., CYCPCPHKC _ _ • H8BepHoe, aTO ,lI;eTeHhlw. BcrrOMHHM CJIOB8 C T8KHM

CY<PcPHKCOM: 3aiitIOHOK, Me,ll;BemOHOK.

Terreph

BcnOMHHM: JIOCHXa, aaHtIHxa. BhIXO,l1;HT, B CJIOBe KaOapatHXa

MOlKRO BblI\eJIHTb Cy<j"PIIKC _ _ • 3HaQHT, KalKl\blH CyljJljJHKC HMeeT CBoe 3H8tIeHHe. CYcPCPHKChI IIO,ll;CR8a8.JIH HaM, tITO petIllo H,lI;eT 0 caMKe KaKorO-TO mHBOTBoro 1:1 ee ,ll;eTeHhIme •

.A.7IeKceH Mor H,lI;TH oT£j'CKHBaTh

n;a, HaCTOlIIIIYIO AKYJIIIHY .•• (A.C. IIYWKHH) 4. Cpel\lI rrecTpoH,

(IIo A.T. ApcupU/o) • KaKHe ew,e CYCPCPHKCbl Tbl 3Haewb? Ha30sH I-1X 3HalieHHSI.

178. KaKHe H3 AaHHblX cnos 0603HaliaK>T npeAMeT, a KaKHe npH3HaK npeAMeTa no ero npHHaAfle>KHOCTH >KHBOTHOMY? CJIOH napA -

CJIOHOBhIH, JIOCh -

JIOClIHhIH, JIeB -

JIeOnap,lI;OBblH, JIOIII8,l1;b -

emoBhIH, Mopm -

JIbBHHblH, JIeo-

JIOm8,lJ;HHaSl (CHJI8),

MopmoBhIH, eHOT -

em -

eHoToBhIH.

• CnHwH, BblAenH CyCPCPHKCbl • • nonpo6yi1 06pa30BaTb OT cnosa Ka6apra npHnaraTenbHble C AaHHblMH CyCPcpHKcaMH. KaKoe 4epeAOBaHHe cornaCHblX S KopHe Tbl OTMeTHn? ~

"179. npO"4IHai1. KaKoe 3Ha"4eHl-1e npl-1AaeT cnosy cycpqmKc ~'IHK·?

• Cnl-1wl-1, pacnpeAensul AaHHbie cnOBa no rpynnaM: 1) c YMeHbwl-1TenbHo-nacKaTenbHblM 3Ha"4eHl-1eM; 2) co 3Ha"4eHl-1eM Aei1cTBYIOL4erO nlo1u.a; 3) co 3Ha"4eHlo1eM KOHKpeTHoro npeAMeTa (6e3 3Ha"4eHIo1S1 YMeHbwI-1TenbHocTI-1) . • ,QononHIo1 Ka>KAYIO rpynny cnos CSOIo1MIo1 npJ.1MepaMJ.1 . • BblAenl-1 CYCPcpIo1KC . • Hai1AJ.1 J.1 0603Ha"'lb 113seCTHbie Te6e on03HasaTenbHbie npH3HaKH opcporpaMM B 3anJ.1CaHHb1X cnosax 3HaKOM v .

182. 06pa3y.:t cnosa no cneAYIOL4HM MOAenSlM . • LITO 0603Ha"4a1OT AaHHbie CyCPCPJ.1KCbl? • Hai1AJ.1 opcporpaMMy-eornaCHYIO s cnosax. KaKaSl opcporpaMMa 06beAHHSleT 3TH enosa? nO"4eMY? PHAOM CO cnOSOM, KOTopoe Tbl 06pa30san, 3anHWH npOBepO"4Hoe . • rpacpH"4eeKH 0603Ha"4b yenoBHSI sbl60pa opcporpaMMbl . • ,QonollHH ynpa>KHeHHe eSOHMH CnOSaMJ.1.

,.-.....~ : ,.-.....~~

XO,lL,

:roJIy6_ ,

KOC_,

pea_

rOJIOB_,

HroA-

KapMaHl.IHK, CTYJIb'tJHK, peal.IHK (no ,ll;epe BY), KOCTIOMtIHK, KJlIOQenLle CJlona TeM.LI:

nepenHCl.IHK, CqeTtIHK (aJIeKTpHtIeCRHii), p a aHOCtIHK, paaBe,ll;'tJHK.

180. 06pa3yi1 OT AClHHblX cnos HMeHa cYL4eCTBI-1TenbHble, Ha3bl-

§ 18. npHCTaBO'lHbIH H cyctlljlHKcanbHblH

SalOL4He nlOAei1 no POAY HX 3aHSlTI-1i1 . • BblAelll-1 eYCPcpHKcbl. nHcaTb -

IIHCaTeJIh,

rrpe rrO,ll;8BaTb BOCIIHTaTb -

•• • ,

•• •

IIepeBo.n;HTb -

rpy3HTb rHTapa -

rrepellJIeT'tIHI'C, •• •

,nepeno3HTb -

•••

."ll< -HCT -BHK

rIfTapl1CT,

JleCH HK,

I\BOP - •.•

_-TeJlb

....

lIHaHHBO JIec -

y'tJHTb -

•

neperrJleTaTb -

cnoco6bl o6pa30BaHHII cnOB

CTPOH'fb -

6aHH -

q)J[eHTa OXOTa -

• ••

IIp,JnJIbITb,

•••

••• ,

•

183. npO"4ll1Ta.:t cnosa. BblAenH S HHX Te "4aCTH cnosa (MopcpeMbl). c nOMOl1.l,blO KOTOPblX 3TH cnosa 06pa30saHbl. .• 3anHWH cnosa rpynnaMH. CKonbKO rpynn nonY"4Hnocb? • CAenai1 BblBOA 0 TOM, KaKHe cnoc06bl 06pa30SaHJ.1S1 cnOB npeACTasneHb l s AaHHbix npHMepax .

pe~, Iij)iil.eCT'il BoclWI\HTb, -;;;'CYIlIHTb,

MeH~ , np~OMHbIH" cbl~A,

Ka·

'tJeMo.n;aIrtHJt., paecY.AHTb,

6l!;!H,

KOMIIbIOTep1Il;1I

nHaHHHO'

• n OA"4 epKHI-1 s cnosax H3seCTHbie Te6e opcporpaMMbl S npHCTaSKax. CKonbKo 3Aecb pa3Hbix opcporpaMM S npHcTasKax?

rHTapa ,

181. npO"4Io1Ta.:t. KaKoe 3Ha"4eHHe npHAaeT cnosy CYCPCPHKC -K-? • CnHwH, pacnpeAenSlSl AaHHbie cnosa no rpynnaM : 1) e YMeHbWJ.1-

, rpY3QHK, arreJlhCHlflIHIt, rrpeC TpaH HbIH.

PYCCROM H3blRe CJlOB8 Moryr 06paaOBblBaTbCH OT ,lI;pyrHX

, CJIOB paaHblMH clIoco6aMH, qaI.U;e Bcero npHCT8.BOQHIdM

TenbHo-naCKaTenbHblM 3Ha"4eHl-1eM; 2) co 3Ha"4eHHeM nHu.a >KeHCKoro nona ; 3) co 3Ha"4eHHeM KOHKpeTHoro npeAMeTa (6e3 3Ha"4eHI-1S1 YMeHbwHTenbHocTH).

I (npUnJlbLmb <- ,nJlbL,mb. paccyoumb <-Lf.!&umb), Cy4l4l H KCam.·

PytIRa (pe6eHKa), HomRa ( M aJIbIma) , cTY,ll,eHTRa, 'tJamRa,

P a3p,eJI Jl3hlKoaHaHHH , KOTOP bIH H 3yqaeT , OT q ero 1'1 C nOMO-

apTHCTKa, rrel.IKa, BHYl.IKa, coceHK a , phl6Ka, RopaHHRa,

IIl.blO 'tIero 06pa3YIOTCSI CJlOB8, aa3bIB aeTCH CJloBoo6pa30Ba-

aeMeJIbKa, aaKOJlKa , rHMHaCTKa .

LHbIM

( lcaMell~u~ <- ,,,aMellb,, Cb,IlO"

HHe J\ol.

<- ,CbIIl,).

184.

npO""lIo1TaH TeKCT. HaHAJ.1 J.1 BblnJ.1WJ.1 OAHoKopeHHble rnaro-

Bce 3TH npHCTaBRH npH,lI;aIOT PYCCKOH petIa CTOJIbKO 60ra-

I1bl, o6pa30BaHHbie npJ.1CTaBO""lHbIM cnoco6oM • • 0603Ha""lb

TeHWHX OTTeUKOB. QY,ll;eCHaSl ee Bblpa3HTenbHocTh B 3BaqH-

op~orpaMMbl B npJ.1CTaBKax. CKOl1bKO op~orpaMM Tbl o603Ha-

TeJlbHOH Mepe 3aBHCHT OT HRX. (K.H. 'lJYKOBCKHH)

""IJ.111?

HOqh npoxo)J,HT, )J,eHh npHxo)J,HT;

CeHHHK8.

If,

* )J,030PHhIH CXO,nHT

on03HaBaTe11bHOMY npJ.13HaKY Tbl 6YAeWb ee HCKaTb? • nOA""IepK-

06JIHB ce6H BO)J,oH,

HJ.1 8 TeKCTe Te MblCnJ.1 aBTopa, KOTopble TeCHO CBSl3aHbi C TeMOH

CTaJI cT~aThcSl no)J, H36oH:

• 9H

naparpaq,a .

BhI, COHHble TeTepHf

OToHpaHTe 6paTY IIBepH • .

186.

IlOA AO>KAeM 11 BeCh npOMOK

npO""lHTaH CTpO~y H3 pOMaHa A.C. nYWKHHa «EBreHHH

OHerHH» . nOA""IepKHH HMeHa cyw.eCTBHTel1bHble H HMeHa npHl1ara-

C ronOBhI AO C8.MblX Horf.

Tel1bHble, 06pa30saHHbie cy~~HKCaI1bHbIM cnoco60M.

HOqb HaCTaJIa; MeCSIIJ; BCXOAHT;

BCTaeT 3apH BO MrJIe XOJIO)J.HO~r~ ;

Ilone Bce HBaH 06XOAHT,

Ha HUBax mYM pa60T YMOJIK;

03HparotIHCb KpyroM,

C cBoeM BOJItIHXOIO rOJlOAHoft

H C8.Jl;HTCSf nop, KYCTOM;

BbIXO,ll;HT Ha ,ll;Opory BOJIK;

3Be3AbI HS ue6e ClJHTSeT

p;a KpalOllIKY YOJIeTaeT. (II.II. EPW08 «Kone,,·rop6YHO".)

18S.

• CpeAH CI10B, npHAYMaHHblX AeTbMJ.1, HaHw-t H BblnHWH rl1arOI1 C op~orpaMMOH «6YKBbl 3 (c) Ha KOHu,e npHCTaBOK)}. no KaKOMY

npO""lHTaH OTPblBOK J.13 KHHrJ.1 KJ1 . 4YKoBcKoro «OT AByX AO

Ero noqySI, KOHb AOPO)KHblH · XPSIIHT -

Ii IIYTHHK OCTOPO)KHbIH

HeceTCSI. B ropy BO BeCh ,ll;YX ; Ha YTpeHHeH aape nacTyx He rOBHT ym KOPOB3 113 XJIeBa,

B qac n OJIY,ll;emn.Iii B KpymoK

nsnJ.1» • • KaKoH 3aKOH R3blKa HHTyH THBHO n03Ha11H «Mal1eHbKHe

Hx He 30BeT ero pomOK I ;

I1HHrBHcTbl»?

••• Pe6eHoK nOCTYDaeT B nOJIHOM COOTBeTCTBHH C HCK0HpblCMOTPH, RaK HaJIYatHJI Aom)J.h!

ali, KaKoli nY3b1pb SI BwnY3hlpHJla!

,I:(aft MHe pacnaKeTHTb naKeTbl.

• BblnJ.1WIo1 HMeHa CYW.eCTBHTel1bHble H HMeHa npJ.111araTel1bHble, 06pa30BaHHble CY~~HKcanbHbIM cnoco60M . • B nepBblX ""IeTblpex CTpO""lKaX HaHAJ.1 H BblnHWH rnarOl1bl, 06pa30BaHHbie npJ.1CTaBO""lHbIM

- Iloro,ll;H, SI em;e He OTCOHHJlacb.

cnoco60M .

- MaMa ceplIHTcH. HO 6blCTPO YIl06pHeTClI. B 3THX rJlarOJlax MeHSI oc06eHHO BocxH~aIOT rrpHcT8BKH,

rrpH,ll;alO~He

Q6pa3eu 3anHCH:

qy-

,neCHO oru;ym;a.eT pe6eHOK Ha3HSQeHHe 3THX MaJIeHhKHX aa, BLI, Ha, pac, 06 H, T.,ll;.

~ -

yTpeHHHH

Kam,lJ;OMY CJlOBY HMeHHO TOT OTTeHOK 3Kcrrpec-

CHH*, KaKOH npH,IJ;aeT liM HapO,lJ;. OHH IIOKa3hIBaIOT, KaK

npSl.,ll;ih, 11 , 3.HMHHX ,ll;pyr HOtIeH,

Tpe~HT Jl~I1HKa nepe)J. Heft.

MH HOPM8.MH pO,ll;Horo H3hIRa. -

H36ymKe paCIIeBaJI, AeBa

npHXOAJ.1Tb t- ,XOAJ.1;Tb

187. pblX B .

npO""lHTaH TeKCT. Bbl6epH CI10Ba, C nOMOUJ.bl-O KOTO-

.o. ,QparYHcKHH nOA""IepKHBaeT KpacoTy yTpa, PaAOCT-

Hoe HaCTpoeHHe CBoero repOR AeHHCKH, CBOto I1to60Bb K

>t<H3HH, K "leIlOSeKY . • HaHAI<1 1<1 nOA"lepKHI<1 I<1MeHa cYW.eCTSI<1TeIlbHble 1<1 I<1MeHa npl<1IlaraTeIlbHble, 06pa30SaHHbie cycpqmKcaIlbHblM

CJIOS8 B pyCCKOM H3bJKe MorYT 05P830BbIB8TbCH CJIOmeHH-

JIe8gpy6

cnoco6oM • • nOHa6IltOAaH, KaKl<1e OneHKI<1 3Ha"leHI<1S1 SHOCJlT cyq:,-

eM OCROB C IIOMOm:blO COe,ll.HHHTeJIbHblX rJI8CHbIx.

CPI<1KCbt B CIlOaa.

Jl.iJiJ " py6umb, nymgBoiJltaJi (3Bea/la) (- nymb " BoiJumb.

Ox, xopomo JIe.maTb I HCHblM yTpe'tlKOM Ha BOAROH CTB.Hu;lIl1 2 Ha CblpOBaThIX H TEhIJIbIX ee AepeBHHHblx ,o;Opo.mKaX, B,o;~XaTb BCeMH HOa)1pJIMH CBellmH H TpeBOmHbIH aarrax peKH H CJIbIt

lllaTb, K8.K aa BblCOKI:IX MatIT8X II TOHKHX peHKax Tpem;aT nO,ll; 2 SeTpOM pa3HOD;BeTHble meJIKOBble qlJIamK1I Ii BOAa XJIlOrraeT II IIOJIOm;eTCH rAe-To ITOA T060H B AOID;aTblX m;eJIHX; xopomo T8.K

188.

06pa3YH 1<1 3anl<1WH CIlO>KHble CIloaa, 06'bSlCHI<1 HX IleKCH"le-

CKoe 3Ha"leHHe. 0603Ha"lb opcporpaMMy-coeAI<1HHTeIlbHYto macHYtO • • LtTO 06'beAHHSleT CIloaa Ka>KAOH rpynnbl? • LtTO o6beAHHSIeT ace 3anHcaHHbie To60H cIloaa?

1) (JWB:[Q]

o6pa30BIllme

- -

c~8a

COtIeTaHl:Ie

MHoro

1I3-IIO,o; JIOKTSI, KaE. ae,o;a.rreKO OT CTaHu;HH, tIyrb-qYTb IIOBblllle

l:I3MeHeHHe

rrycTQH

no TeqeHHIO, pa60qHe-KaMeHID;HKH QHHSlT Ha6epe.mHYIO H

<l>opM'a

3JIOH

,ll.OJIeTaeT ,0;0

Te6S1 HeMHomKO n03me YAapa, TaKOH TOHKHH II ae.mHblH, KaK

3) ,P;;;;p

6y,o;TO KTO-TO HrpaeT CTeKJISlHHbIMH MOJIOTOtIKaMH aa cepe6pSIHOM KCHJIo<j>OHe*.

(B.IO. ppazyncKuu «(Pa6o'tue fJpo6Rm lcaMenb») • nepe"lI<1TaH TeKCT ew.e pa3. Tbl 3aMenm, "lTO OH COCTOI<1T TOIlb- KO 1<13 OAHoro npeAIlO>t<eHI<1J1? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, "leM 3TO MO>KHO 06'bJlCHI<1Tb? • Bblnl<1wl<1 cnosa, 06pa30saHHbie CYCPcpl<1KCaIlbHblM cnoco60M. 3anl<1wI<1 TaK >Ke, KaK S 06pa34e ynp.

186.-

KJllO'IeBLIe CJlOBa TeMLI : cDoco6 06P830B8.HHSJ CJIOB

Be,o;eHHe TBOp'lleCTBO

189.

TeKCT

Cy<l><jlHKCaJIbHbIM

BbIpa3HTeJIb HOCTb

@ ,o

4) rrpoTHB KP8CHbIE:

npO"lHTaH. Hai1AH H nOA"lepKHI1 CIlO>KHble CIlosa.

SlSIleHHeM Mbl 3.AeCb HMeeM AeIlO -

B cTpaHY XOXOTaa"JQ

KaKHM

co cIloaoo6pa30BaHHeM }.1IlH

cIloaoH306peTeHHeM? nO"leMY? 06'bJiCHH.

--..;.",.

IIp,,6bIJI ~paKoH.

Ha/l CMeXOrpa/lOM Y)1apHJI rpoM:

Ha Tpex c 8MOJleTRx

.ll.PaKOH orrYCTHJICH

IIo.maJIoB8JI OB.

H 8 CMeXO,ll.poM .

cJIoBoo6p830s8HHe

npHCTaSO'l.lHbIH

,~,[Q]

JIem8Tb, II MOJIll8Tb, II 3aropaTb, paCKHHYB PYKH, H CMOTpeTb

6blOT IIO P030BOMY KaMHIO MOJIOTKaMH, H 3BYK

(r .B. Canzup

«(CMeRHijblJ»)

• npOAOn>KH H 3anl<1W}.1 pSlAbl cIloa-,-o603Ha4b opcporpaMMy-coeAHHHTeIlbHYtO rnacHYto.

CMexorpa,n;, BOJIrOrpM, •••

§ 19. CnoIKHble H cnoIKHocoKpa~eHHble cnOBa,

cMexoAPoM, ••• CaMOJIeT, C8MOXO,o;BbIH, •••

o6pa30BaHHe H npaBonHcaHHe

BcnoMH .... , KaKl<1e cnOBa Ha3blBaKHCJl CIlO>t<HbtM ..... nO~eMY

OH .... nOIly"lI<1IlH TaKoe Ha3saHHe?

2. 3.

KaK o6pa3ytOTCJI CIlO>KHble CIloaa?

LtTO Hy>KHO nOMHI<1Tb 0 npaaOnl<1CaHHI<1 COeAHHI<1TeIlbHblX rnac-

HblX 0 H e a CIlO>KHbIX CIloaax?

190.

npolmTaH. nOHa6ntOAaH, KaK o6pa30saHbi CnOH(Hble

CIloaa, KaK OHI<1 nHwYTcSI H np0}.13HOCSlTCSI.

1) PtP (POcc"MCKaJI tPe/lepal\"JI) rap ;'<1>] , Mry (MOCKOBCKHM I:ocY/lapCTBeHHbIH YH"BepcHTeT)

[a"Uti] ,

r 2) TI03 (TeaTp IOHOro illlHTeJI") [T'yC],

MXAT

(MOCKOBCKHH XY,Il,OmeCTBeHHblH !!K8AeMH'lJeCKHH

IeaTp) [MXBT].

TeJIeBHl\eHHe [T3";'], IJ;eHT~8JIbHbIii I\OM JIHTepaTOpoB [1\31\3"JI], IJ;eHTpaJIbHbIM 6BHK [1\.6.], rOCYl\apCTBeHHa" BKal\eMU" ynpaBJIeHH" [ray], TeBTp IOHoro 3pHTeJI" [T'YC]. • KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, B KaKJ.1X cnY'"laSix B YCTHOi:1 J.1 nJ.1CbMeHHoi:1

CJlOmHbIe CJIosa, KOTophle COCTOSlT 113 COKpaI.D;eHHbIX OCHOB

pe'"lJ.1 YAo6Hee n0J1b30BaTbCSI CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHbIMH cnoBaMH, a B KaKIo1X -

eJlOS, Ha3hISaIDTCJI CJlOmHOCOKpam;ellllhlMH.

IIpH 06paaOB8..HHH CJIOmHOCOKp~eHHblX eJIOB y COKpa..ru;a-

eMblX eJIOS 6epYTCSI, a8rrplIMep, Ha'laJILHhle 0YKBbI: P( OCCUU-

c"uil ) z( ocyaapCm6elt".t") Z(YMaltUmaplt.t") y( "U6epcu' mem) ~ prry, npOH3HOCHTC" [sprar3Y] HJIH H3'laJIbHble 3ByRU: T(eamp) IO("OZO) 3(pume'''t) ~ TI03, npOU3HOCHTC"

192.

COCTaBHblMH co6cTBeHHb1MJ.1 HaJ.1MeHOBaHIo1S1MJ.1?

CnJ.1wJ.1 npeA110>KeHJ.1S1, AonHWH OKOH'"IaHJ.1S1 rnaronOB. He

3a6YAb, '"ITO POA CnO)KHOCoKpaw,eHHbIX cnOB onpeAenSleTcSI

no rnasHoMY CMSy. HanpHMep: MXAT OTKp.,n (M.p.) ce30H (TeaTp -

M.p . ). CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa, 06pa30BaHHbie J.13

Ha'"lanbHblX 3BYKOB, MY>KCKOrO pOAa.

[T'YC]. TaKHe CJIOmnOCOKpam;eHHbIe CJlOSB a8ITHCblS8IOTCH npOllHC-

nocne

OOR paCCMaTpHBaJI(?) Bonpoc 0 npHeMe HOBbIX 'meHOB .

PaA CJIOJKHOCOKpan..:t;eHHhIX CJlOB orrpe,o;eJISleTCSI no rJIaBHOMY CJIOBY: Mry 06?;JUJuJl (M.p.) npueM cmyaettm06 (YHHBepCHTeT -

TI03 npHH"JI(?) B CBOIO Tpynny MOJIOl\bIX aRTepOB. IJ;B 06'b"B.m(?) KypC I\OJIJIapa. rAY npOBeJI(?) CTYl\eHqeCKyro HBy'lHYIO ROHq,epeH1\HIO. IJ;,ll;JI opraHH30BaJI (?) BCTpeqy

M .p .). CJIO.>KHOCORpa.IIJ;eHHbIe cnOBa, 06paaOB8.BHhl e H3 B8'tIaJIb-

C H3BeCTHhIM nHCaTeJIeM .

HbIMH 6YXB8MH. TO't.JKH

K8.>K,Il,OH 6YKBbI He CTaBHTCSI.

HhIX 3BYROB, 06bNHO OTHOCHTCJl K MY>KCKOMY POllY:

TI03 (M.p.). 193.

npOCMOTPH HeCKonbKO ra3eT, KOTopble '"IJ.1TatoT B

TBoeM ceMbe. Hai:1AJ.1 CTaTbJ.1 0 C06bITJ.1S1X B HaweM CTpaHe. no-

1. 06"bSiCHH, n04eMY CI10>KHOCoKpaw,eHHbJe cnosa nonY4!::'mt

CMOTPJ.1, KaKJ.1e CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa ynoTpe6nSltoT

raKoe Ha3BaHlo1e .

aBTopbl CTaTeM (J.1X nerKO YBJ.1AeTb, TaK KaK cnOBa 3anJ.1CaHbl

nponHCHblMIo1 6YKsaMJ.1). BblnJ.1WJ.1 3TH cnOBa, 06bSlCHH, '-ITO OHH

nOAYMai1, KaKOBa npH'-lHHa nOSISneHJ.1S1 B PYCCKOM Sl3blKe Ta-

0603Ha'-latoT (06paTJ.1Cb 3a nOMow,bto K B3pocnblM, ecnJ.1 He cnpa-

KHX cnOB.

KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa-Ha3BaHHSI -

3TO

'"IaCTb TBoero aKTJ.1BHOrO J.1nJ.1 naCCJ.1BHOrO cnOBapHoro 3anaca? no-

BHWbCSI caM} .

CnpOCJ.1 y CTapWHX, KaKJ.1e ew,e CnO>KHOCoKpaw.eH-

Hble cnOBa OHJ.1 3HatoT, 3anJ.1W J.1 J.1X • • COCTaBb J.1 3amtWJ.1

'"IeMY? 06bSlCHJ.1.

CTOSin B q:,opMe npoweAwero BpeMeHH (KaK B ynp .

191.

npeA-

192).

06pa3yi:1 CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa nYTeM COeAJ.1HeHJ.1S1

KmO'leBLIe CJIOBa TeMLI:

Ha'"lanbHblX 6YKB J.1nJ.1 3BYKOB. npaBHnbHo npO'"lJ.1Taj;1 HX • • 3anJ.1wJ.1 rpynnaMJ.1: 3a4J.1i:1;

3-4

nO>KeHJ.1 S1 C HeKOTOpbIMJ.1 1013 cnOB TaK , '"IT06bl rnar0J1-CKa3yeMoe

Ha3BaHJ.1S1 Y'"le6Hblx 3aBeAeHJ.1i:1;

Ha3BaHHSI OpraHJ.1-

Ha3BaHJ.1A TeaTpoB.

CJIO)f{.HhIe CJIOBa

nponHCHhIe 6yKBhl

COe,lU1Hl:ITeJlbHa.H rnaCHaJI

npaBOIIHCaHHe

CJlOmnOCOKp8..IIl;eHHbIe CJIOBa rOCY,lJ;apCTBeHHbIH aKa,n;eM:rrtleCKHH BOJIbllOH TeaTp [ ranT], BcepOCCHHCKHH BhICTaBO'tlHblH neHTp [B3B3o;a], MOCKOBCKHH ne,IJ;arOrHqeCKHH'rOCYAapCTBeHHblH YHHBepCHTeT [aMuaray],

;a.

3. rPAMMATM'lECKOE 3HA'lEHl-iE cnOBA

(1755 r.). B Heli M.B. JIOMOHOCOB npH3b1BaJI H3yqaTb rpRMMRTHKY, OB nHC8.JI: .POCCHHCK8.SI I'paMM8THKa eCTb 3H8.HHe, K8.K rOBopHTb, nnC8Tb ttHCTO POCCHHCKHM Sl3hlROM no JIytlmeMY, paCCY,lI;HTeJIbHOMY ero ynoTpe6JIeHHlOt. YtIeHhIH npOJIO.)KHJI nyTb pa3rOBopHOMY Sl3hIKY B JIHTep8TYPY H HayKY II Orp8.HHtIHJI yrroTpe6JIeHHe YCT8peBlliHX CJIOB H 060pOTOB.

(ITo JI.T. rpueop,,/t «H3.'" Moil - apyz Moil»)

195.

§ 20. 1. KaKYto

OKOH'IaHHe. Q)0pMa (nOBa

ponb OKOH""IaHJ.1e HrpaeT B

cnoae? A

B cnOBOCO""leTaHHH

H npeAIlo>+<eHHI.1? nOKa)t01 3TO Ha npl-1Mepax. (AIlSl yTo .... HeHJ.1~ onpeAeneHHto OKOH'-IaHI-1S1 8 § 10, c. 64.) 2. n04eMY OKOHl.faHJ.1e - 3Ha ...HMaJi l.IaCTb cnosa? KaKoe 3Ha'"teHHe

OiseTa o6pan1cb K

npO"i~TaH cpparMeHT paccKa3a to.5I. 5IKoBne-

sa. KaK Ha3blsaeTCfI on~caH~e SHeWHOCTIo1 "iell0SeKa S xYAO>KeCTSeHHoM np01013seAeHIo1Io1? . KaK~e cnosa HeCKOllbKO pa3 ynoTpe611RtoTCfI B 1-M a63au.e B pa3HbiX cpopMax? nOA"iepKHIo1 Io1X. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nO"ieMY B AaHHOM cnY"iae TaKoe nOBTopeHlo1e RBnReTCR onpaBAaHHbIM? OH CTOSlJI H8 IIopore ,lI;HpeKTOpCKoro K86HHeTa, II PYKY e~~y OTTSlrHBaJI 60JIbmOH tIepHbIH IIopTq,eJIb B 6eJIbIX Tpem;HHKax.

J.1MeeTCSI B SHAY?

KOmaH8.SI pyqK8 OTOpBaHa, ,lI;epmHTCH Ha O,ll;HOM ymKe, H IIO}>T-

3. 4TO TaKoe c:popMa enoaa? nOKa>K1-i 3TO Ha npJ.1Mepe HMeHH r;y-

q>eJIh ,zr.OCTaeT IIOtITH ,lI;0 nOJIY. ECJIH He CtIHTaTb CTaporo,

w,eCTBHTenbHoro.

06JIe3JIoro IIopTq>eJISI, TO B HapymHocTH T860PKH Be 6blJIO HHtIero rrpHMetIaTeJIhHoro. KpyrJIoe JIHD;O. KpyrJIbIe rJIaaa.

H 3 amUMOJl.OZUtteClCOZO c.n,oeapJl, , B ,lI;peBHepYCCKOM H3hIKe c XI seRa nOHBJIHeTCH eJIQBQ rPAMATHH, npHme,lJ;mee H3 CTapOCJIaBJlHCKOrO SlahIKa. B rpHMMaTHKe MeJI~TH" CMOTpHI1KOrO (1648 r.) CKR3aHO: • 'ITO eCTb rpaMMaTHKa. ECTb H3BeCTHQe xYJJ;O:>KeCTBO, 6JIaro H [,JIarOJIHTH H nHCRTH yqa.m;ee •• B CJIOBapJlX :lTO eJIOBD C TeM me y,l1;apeaHeM nOHBJIHeTCH C 1704 roAa. 194. npO'"lJ.1Tai:1 reKer. KaKOH BKIlaA BHEk M.B. IloMOHOCOB B pa3B~T~e HaYK~ 0 fl3blKe? llepBaa HayqHaSl rpaMMaTHK8 PYCCKoro H3hIKa

M.B.

JIOMOHOCOB BIIepBhIe ,lI;M Ha~Hoe onBca-

HBe PYCCKOH rpaMMaTHKH H opQ>orpaQ>HH. Ero

KHuta H83bIB8JI8Cb .POCCHHCK8Sl rp8MM8THKat

,..

104

He6oJIbmOH KpyrJIbIH pOT. He 38 t.JTO 3a:u.eIIHTbCH BarJISl,ll;Y. ••• MaJIhtIHK nepeCTaJI rpbI3Th HOrTH, Hero KpyrJIbIe rJI83a

I10CMOTpeJIH Ha ,lIHpeKTopa. ~HpeKTOp ,lIJIHHHblli H xY,lIoli. OH a8.HHMaeT nOJIKpeCJIa.

BTOP8S1 nOJIOBHHa cBo6o,ll;Ha . PYKH,

Tome ,lI;JIHHHbIe II XY,ll;bIe, JIe:maT Ha CTOJIe.

• Bblm1wIo1 1013 TeKCTa Bce cpOpMbl AaHHblX HIo1)f(e Cll0B. YKa>t<Io1, s KaKOH cpopMe OHH ynoTpe6neHbl • • BblAeml OKOH"iaH~fI.

PYKR, PYK OC] (e,ll. 'I., B.I1.), PYK lli! (MH. IIopT<!>eJIb, ... KpyrJIhlli, ... )];HpeKTOp, ... )];JIHHHblli, .. .

q.,

H.n.). XY,lIoli, .. ,

06bflCHIo1, nOl.leMY, YKa3blBaR CPOPMY Io1MeH nplo1nararenbHbIX, Tbl YKa3an POA, "ilo1cno 101 naAe>K, a rOBopSi 0 cpopMe Io1MeH cyw,eCTBIo1TenbHblx, - TOllbKO "iHCnO H naAe>K?

196.

K Ka>KAOMY 1013 WeeTIo1 enoa ynp. 195 nOA6eplo1 101 3anlo1WIo1 op,HoKopeHHble enoaa • • AOKa>Klo1, 4TO Tbl 3anlo1ean Io1MeHHO OAHOKopeHHble en08a, a He CPOpMbl OAHoro 101 Toro >Ke enoaa. KaKlo1e MopcpeMbl HaAO BblAenlo1Tb?

197.

np04101TaH cpparMeHT paeeKa3a AHHbl Maee «"AeTIo1 Kanlo1TaHa rpaHTa" Ioi 51». KaKlo1e rnaronbl ynoTpe6neHbi a HeM 8 pa3HbiX cPopMax? BblnHWH 3TH rnaronbl, YKa>KH, B KaKOH cPopMe OHIo1 ynoTpe6neHbi (nlo1LJ,O , 4Io1eno) • • BblAenlo1 OKOH4aHIo1S1. )J;eTH H C8.MH XOTHT fibITb XOpOIDHMH.

HanpHMep, OlleHb

HPaBHTCH, a rrpOCTO nOTOMY, 'tJ:TO He MOry Ha ypOKax COcpe,lJ;O-

,n;YMalO 0 nOCTopOHHeM.

A B3pOCJIbIe BCe BpeMH - 0 "eM Th! IIYMaellih?

cnpamHBalOT:

M8.JIO JIH 0 'tJ:eM H ,lJ;YMalO?

.me He M0ry HM 06 aTOM CRa-

3aTb. Pa3Be OHH nOHMYT?

• n04eMY, YKa3blsaSl, B KaKOH cpopMe eTOSIT rnaronbi a TeKeTe, Mbl He Ha3blaaeM Io1X enpSl>KeHlo1e? • OAHIo1 101 Te >Ke nplo13HaKIo1 Tbl YKa3an y rnaronOB y'tyC" 101 yt.lHTbcSllo1nlo1 pa3Hble? n04eMY? 06bSle- ' HH • • nOA6eploi 101 3anlo1WIo1 OAHOKopeHHble enoaa K rnarony y'tHT"CII. AOKa>Klo1, 4TO Tbl nOA06pan Io1MeHHO OAHOKopeHHble enOBa. ,

MaM CJIOB. oceHh

JIHCTbSI

JIHCTOK

KpaCKH

oceHHnM

JIHCTLeB

JIHCTOqeK

KpaCHBbIM

o JIHCTLHX

JIHCTOn8.,ll;

KpaCOTa

JIHCTBa U;BeTa He TYCRJIble, a SIpKHe, npa3AHHlIHble;

• nOA4epKHIo1 cPOPMbl OAHoro H Toro >Ke enoaa. Y 0AHOKopeHHblX enoa 0603Ha4b KopeHb • • KaKlo1e npeAllO>KeHHSI npe06n3AalOT a TaOeM TeKeTe: npoeTble, npoeTble e OAHOPOAHblMIo1 4neHaMIo1101nlo1 enO>KHble?

199. np04HTaH. HaHAIo1 101 &" >Ke enoaa, ablAenH OKOH4aH rpe6neHbi enoaa . • nOA6ep enoaa, BblAenlo1 KopeHb. . KOTOPblX eTOIo1T LJ,Hcppa 2, n 2-3 CPOpMbl enOBa.

H3MeHSleM CJIOBO. HanpHMep, HMSI cy:m;eCTBHTeJIbHOe -

"HCJIaM H n~e"'aM (iJpye, iJpyea,

H CTapaJI!"cb OHa\ lIq JIeCHYTh 110 JIYHh! Cepe6pm)TY!O ' neHV BOJIHbI.

° iJpyee, iJpy3bR H T.II.). HMIl

no pO,lJ;aM, lIHCJIRM H na,lJ;emaM

H lliYMIl H KPy.",c ... KOJIe6aJIa peKa

(po8nou,

)J;JISI ofipa30B8.HHSI q,OPM CJIOBa CJIymHT OKOH1laHHe, Hepe,lJ;-

KO BMeCTe C npellJIOrDM (iJpye O , Q apyelru ). . cJ>oPMhl OIlHoro H Toro me CJlOBa HeJlL31l CMeIIlHBaTL COli'

II l

H 3

K ee" tJIOB

.n:OJIe~py'l'''' 6eperOB ' . (M.IO. JIepMoHmoB)

• Bblnlo1wlo1 cnosa c opcporpaMMaMJ.1-npOBepSie/lt\bIMIo1 101 4epeAYlOuV1MHCSI rnaCHblMIo1 B KopHe.

HOKopeHHLlMH MOBaMH, KOTopble OTJIHlIaIOTCSI APyr OT ,lJ;pyra

JIeKCH"eCKHM 3HaQeHHeM. J{pye - iJpyey; iJpye - iJpy:J/C6a. Bcmpettamb - 6cmpellaeLUb; 6cmpellamb - BcmpettlibLu.

HeH~JIaKa~; \

OTpameHHble B netu!_~YC8JIKa -

poiJHoeo, POiJHOMY, poiJHaR, poiJHoe, POiJHbte H T.II.), rJIarOJI ITO JIHu;aM H 'tJ:HCJIaM (6cmpettalO, 6cmpettaeJlt, 6cmpettalOm H T.II.).

' Io1WIo1 CPOPMbl OAHoro H Toro Ka>Klo1, B KaKIo1X cpopMax ynoanHWIo1 K HIo1M 0BJ:i~peHHble 36ep '\' ~:e"tTa'By enOBa, B03ne WH K HJ:M OAHoKopeHHbie cnoaa 101

PYC8.JIK8 nJIblJIK no ~Ke rOJIy6oM, 03apSIeM8 nOJfH~ii JI HOM; \

~OPMLI O,lJ;HOrO H Toro .me CJIOBa nOJIY'tJ:aIOTCSI, RorAa MbI

npHJIaraTeJIbHOe -

Ha TeMy

He O,lJ;HOTOHHble, a pa3HOIl.BeTHbIe .

XOllY XOPOllO y't[HTbCH II yqYCb nJIOXO He OTToro, liTO MHe aTO TOllHTbCH.

198. HanHllH He60JIbllOe CO'lIHHeHHe-onHCaHlie

.U;BeTHoH XOPOBOAl) no AaHHbIM onopHblM CJIOBaM H <pop-

KJJJOQeB ble CJIOB a TeMbl:

CJIOBO

CBfl3b CJlOB

CPOPMbI CJIOB8 OKOHl-l RHHe

O,lJ;HOKOpeHHbre cnOB8

§ 1 t.

MopcponorH~eeKHe

npH3HaKH enOB

200. npol.Uo'lTait TeKCT 101 nonpo6yi1 era npoAOmtU1Tb • • npeAcraBb ce6SJ Ha Mecre YY"'TenSl 101 nOAYMai1, KaKOa1 Bon poe Tbl 3aAan 6b l Knaccy MIni KaKoe 3aAaHHe npeAIlo>t<lo1n 6bl nacne "ITeHHSI 3Toro reKcra.

1925 rOilY 3HaMeHHThlH PYCCKHH JlHHrBHCT JIeB BJlai\H MHpOBH'tI r.u;ep6a BO BpeMH O,ll;HOH H3 CBOHX JIeKD;HH rrpe;::J;JIOB

mHJI cTy,n;eHTaM aanHcaTb rrpe,ll;JIOmeHlIe Ii 06'bSlCHHTb, "'tJTO OHO

03HaQaeT. IIpe,ltJIomeHHe 6hIJIO TaRDe:

-.TJIOKaSl Kya,lJ;pa IIITeKO

6Y,ll;JIaHYJIa 60Kpa H KYPASrtIHT 60KpeHKa ••

101'0 1

L..-....J

IbIMHI

L..-....J

11ITei

L---' IsrT I

202. OnpeAenH no OKOH"aH""M " ,*,opMo06pa3ylO~HM cy,*,cpHKcaM, cnosa KaKHX '-IacTei1 pe'-lH 3AeCb «3awHcpPoBaHbl». • nOA6epH H 3anHWH cnoaa, cooTBeTcTBYIOUJ,He cxeMaM, YKa>KH, B KaKoH cpopMe OHH CTOSIT • • 0603Ha"'4b B 3THX cnOBax ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa H3seCTHbiX Te6e opcporpaMM. /'.

'-----' 1lITl.Gi

I......-J

MorJUI. TOr,ll;R npoq,eccop crrpOCHJI, KaKHM 'tIJIeHOM rrpe,lJ;JIome-

L..-....J

HHS! HBJIHeTCH CJIOBO . 4 KY3,lJ;pa. Ii RaKaH aTO qaCTb pe~nlJ:.

L---' IIOTI

L.....-..J

JI [.i!J

L-..J

/'-

@I &!:!.

[jj1

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,----,ltO /'. L-----' JIAO &b,

Cyrn;ecTBHTeJIbHoe ... meHCRoro pOAa •••

KaK aTO HlI CTpaHHo, HCKyccTBeHHO C03,D;&HHOe

60H

L..-....J

L---' lell I L---' 11010 I

CTy,n;eHThI CHatJa.n:a paCTepHJIHCb Ii HMt.IerO 06'hSlCHHTh He

- IIo,ll;JIema.w;ee ...

L---' ~ L---' leMI L---' !ill

L---' lasrl

L---' I!!l L---' I!!l L---' loftl L---' leMI L---' [!;i]

JI.B.

r.u;ep -

npe,n;JIOmeHHe ORa3aJIOCb Mo,n;eJIblO PYCClWI'O rrpe,n;JIome-

203.

2-3

npHMepa cnOB Ka>KAOH

"'4aCTH pe'-lH.

HlIJI, ROTopoe B u;eJIOM rrOHJITHO, XOTJI KopneR -RY3)1;P-, -60RP-

"tJaCTH pel.J.H B PYCCKOM H3bIKe

H T.rr. B PYCCKOM JI3bUte BeT. 3TO 06'bJICHHeTCH T~M, liTO , npe,n;JIOmeHHe nOCTpoeHO no aaROHaM I'paMMaTHKH PYCCKOI'O

3aKOH'-IH cxeMY H 3anHWH no

J C8.MOCTOJITeJIbHhIe

CJIyme6HbIe

~ Mem,Zl;OMeTHJI

H3MRa.

• OnpeAenH, KaKOH '-IaCTblO pe'-lH H KaKHM '-IneHOM npeAllO>KeHHSI SlanSleTCSI Ka>KAOe cnoao s HCKYCCTseHHOM npeAnO>KeHHH, npHAYMaHHOM 11.B. LLtep60H. YKa>KH rpaMMaTH'-IeCKHe npJ.13HaKH Ka>KAOrO cnosa KaK '-IaCTH pe'-lH.

204.

npO'-lHTaH TeKCT. KaKoBa ero rnaSHaSl MblCllb? • CcpOPMYn HpYH caMOCTOSlTenbHO H 3anHWH, KaKoH O'-leHb Ba>KHbIH npaKTH'-IeCKHH COBeT AaeT nHHrBJ.1CT IleB BaCHnbeBJ.1'-1 YcneHcKHH Ka>KA0MY H3Y"'4alOw,eMY HHocTpaHHblH Sl3bIK. Kor,n;a BaM npH,n;eTCH yqHTbCJI HHOCTpaHHbIM H3bIKaM, He

rpaMMaTHQeCKOe 3HaqeHHe 113MeHHeMbIX CJIOB aaRJIIOl.J.eHO B OKOH"tJaRHH, a TaKme B cPopMoo6pa3YlOIQHX CYcPcPHKcax.

,n;YMaiiTe, "tJTO I'JIaBHOe -

3ayqHTb n060JIbme 'tIymHx CJIOB. He

3TO BamBO. Bamaee BO MHoro pa3 nOHHTb, KaR, RaKHMH cnoC06aMH, npH nOMo~H KaKHX HMeHHO Cy$PHKCOB, npnCTaBOK,

201 .

OnpeAenH no OKOH'-IaHHSlM, K KaKHM '-IaCTSlM pe'-lH 01HOCSlTCSI cnosa. KaKHe rpaMMaTH'-IeCKHe npH3HaKH '-IaCTeH pe"llit Tbl MO>KeWb onpeAenlltTb no OKOH"IaHIltRM? (~MeH B BHAY, '-ITO OAHO 101 TO >Ke OKOH'-IaHHe MO>KeT 6blTb Y HeCKonbKHX CPOpM cnosa, a HHorAa Y pa3HbiX "'4aCTeH pe'-lH.)

OKOH'tlaHl:di 3TOT HabIK 06paayeT cym;ecTBHTeJIbHOe OT I'JIarOJIa, rJIarOJI OT cym;ecTBHTeJIbHoro; RaK OR CnpHI'aeT CBOH I'JIarOJIbI, KaR CRJIOHHeT HMeHa, RaK CBJI3bIBaeT Bce aTH 'tIaCTH pel.nl B npe,n;JIOmeHHH. KaK TOJIbRO BbI aTO YJIOBHTe, BbI OBJIa,Zl;eeTe H3bIROM. TO'tlHO TaR .iKe TOT H3 Bac, KTO a8XO'tleT 6bITb H3bIROBe,o;OM, AOJImeR 60JIbme Bcero BRHMaHHH y,n;eJIHTb 11M, 3THM Hea8.MeT-

HHM MbI Cy,n;HM

He 6bIJIO HH ,o;ym1:l. KamTaHRa nOTHHYJIaCb, aeBHYJI8 H, cep.tJ;~ 3 TaH a, yrplOM8H, npOIIIJIaCb no ROMaaTe. 0Ha 06moxaJIa yrJr'bI

o po,n;CTBe Mem,n;y H3bIRaMH. IIoToMY qTO OHM-TO H eCTb rpaM-

H Me6eJIb, 38rJI.HHYJI8 B nepe,o;HIOID 11 .He H8mJIa HHqero HHTe-

MaTMKa, a rpaMMaTHKa -

peCHoro. KpOMe ABepH, KOTopaH BeJIa B nepe,o;HIOIO, 6blJIa ern;e

HbIM TpymeHHKaM H3bIRa -

Cy4»41HKcaM, OKOHllaHHHM, npe-

4»HKcaM*. ::lTO OHH ,n;eJIaIOT H3bIK H3bIROM.

ITo

3TO H eCTL H3LIK.

(JIB. YcneHcfCuil. U3 fCHueu «CJLoeo

CJLoeax»)

• 06bSKHJ.1, nOyeMY aBTOp TeKCTa Ha3blBaeT npJ.1CTaBKJ.1, cyep-

O,lJ;Ha ,ll,Bepb. IIo,IJ,YM8B , KamT8HK8 nou;ap8narra eii;1 06el:lMH )]:8n8M1:I, OTBOpHJIa 1:1 BOmJIa B CJIeAyro~ylO KOMHaTY •

(A.II. fJexoB «KawmaH1Cal»

cPJ.tKCbl J.t OKOHyaHJ.tR «He3aMeTHbIMJ.t Tpy>t<eHJ.tKaMJ.t R3bIKa».

• BblAenJ.1 OKOHLfaHIo1R B J.1MeHaX CYW.eCTBJ.1TenbHbIX, HMeH8X npH-

lOS.

Cm-tWJ.1 TeKCT • •

JlgA'lepK"''' "' npeAfl~eHIlfe;-a-K"6'fe

-p9M=a8Tep-C-f1OMO~-f1~eMa-epa8I'teRJlfsrco3,c;aero6pa$ K.ap:r:SttH.Y.: .

naraTenbHbtX H rn8ronax. nOAyepKHIo1 B HHX H3BeCTHbie Te6e opeporp8MMbl, 06bRCHIo1 HanHcaHIo1R.

BblAenStt OKOHyaHI<1R B J.1MeHaX cyw,ecTBIo1TenbHblx,

J.tMeHax npJ.1naraTenbHblx J.1 rnaronax • • BblnJ.1WJ.1 OAHOKopeH-

107.

38nOnHJ.1 T86nHu,y • • 06bRCHIo1, nOLfeMY npJ.1 MopeponOrJ.1-

Hble cnOBa, BblAenJ.t KopeHb.~~rpaM·Mbt-pa3AenM

LfeCKOM pa360pe cnOBa CHaY8na Hy>+<HO Ha3BaTb nOCTORHHble,

TenbHbt~ II H b-AllSl-060 3!04a'leHHSM7(SlrKOCTH cornaCHblX Ha nHCbMe.,.

8 3aTeM HenOCTORHHble npJ.13HaKJ.17

Pe6HTa YBH.n;eJIH BhICOKYIO Qepen1lQHYlO RpMmy.# 't.{epeIIHn;a* IIoxoma Ha KpaCHbIe rrepbIlliKH, a BCH KpbIma Ha 60JIbmOe

TenbHble

8.JIoe KPbIJIO. Ha C8.MOM Kparo 1 KOHbKa B03BbImaJICH mTbIP~

Q8CTH

Ha HeM 6bIJI <pJIrorep*. ,ll;ame C 3eMJIH BHAHO, QTO 3TOT ¢)JIlOrep

pellH

He QeT8 CBOHM

c06paTbH~ B

ero q,0PM8X 6bIJIO qTO-TO cTpe-

MFlTeJIbHOe 1:1 HenOHHTHoe. 't.{TO XOTeJI 1:I306pa3HTb ,lJ;peBHHH

<pJIIOrepHhIx l\eJI MacTep? (IO. JI . .H1COaJLea «BcaaHUfC. c1CallY14UU naa 20pOaO.M.»)

206.

npOI.jJ.1Ta~ TeKCT. nOAyepKHJ.1 cnOBa, 0 KOTO-

pblX Tbl Mo>t<eWb TOI-IHO CKa3aTb, KaKaR 3TO yaCTb

Halla.n:bH8R B onpOCbl

Hoe

Tbl onpeAenlo1n Ka>+<AYto yaCTb peylo1 • • nOCMOTplo1,

HMeRH.R

>KenUR

1I.n., e,ll; .ll.

M .p. Heonpe ,lI;eJIeHH8 n

•

38TeM cny>t<e6Hble • • 06bRCHIo1, no KaKIo1M nplo13H8K8M

HenOCTORH -

1I.n., e,ll; .ll. ,

rJI8rOJI

JIU'llHble MeCTO-

qmpM8

"lIneR Dpe,ll;JIO ~

H bH'

TenbHoe lIM.R npH ~ JI8r8TeJIb-

nDH 3H8 KH TIocTORHHble

lIMR cYm;ecTBH-

peyJ.1 • • BblnJ.1WJ.1 cnOBa rpynnaMJ.1 no yaCTRM peylo1: CHaLfana caMOCTORTenbHble (B HaLfanbHo~ cpopMe),

MOPQJonOrKtleCKHe

CaMOCTOR

¢lOpMS

(' t

1I. n.

CKonbKO cnOB OCTanJ.1Cb HenoAl-lepKHYTbIMJ.1. Ha ypOKax pyccKor.o R3blK8 Te6e ew,e npeAcToHT Y3H8Tb, K8KIo1MIo1 LfaCTRMIo1 peLfH OHH RB-

CpaBHH 1-to H 2-to 38nJ.1CJ.1 B KOnOHKe «H8Lf8nbHa R epopMa».

JUltoTCR.

CcjlopMyn"pyii npo6neMHb'" Bonpoc.

Kor,n;a KamTaHKa npOCHYJIaCb, 6bIJJO y me CBeTJIO U C YJIHn;bI AOHOCHJICSI myM, KaROH 6hIB8eT TOJlbKO ,n;HeM. B KoM'HaTe 3

* IIpecpHKc - TO me, tJTO npHCTaBK8.

MOPcPOJlOrHH - aTO CHCTeM8 qaCTeH peql:l Ii a8KOHbI CJIOBOli3MeHeaHH, a T8Kme pa3AeJI H3bIK03HaHHH, KOTOPbIH H3yq:8eT qaCTIi peqH.

108.

nOIlb3YSlCb Ta6mllJ,eH, BblnOIlHIo1 MopcponOrlo1"'1eCKIo1H pa360p

en08 e lI"CPpoi1 3 "3 ynp. 206 . C06n1OAai1 nOp"AOK pa360pa. • HaHAIo1 B TeKCTe ynp .

206

101 Bblnlo1WIo1 pa3Hbie CPOPMbl OAHoro 101

Taro >Ke CIlOBa, YKa>Klo1 , B KaKIo1X cpopMax ynoTpe6neHO 3TO enOBO .

Hlo1to npeAllorlo1 101 nplo1cTasKIo1?

3. 109.

CocTaBb paccKa3 Ha TeMY «He3aMeTHble Tpy>t<eHIo1KIo1

KaKlo1e neKCIo14eCKHe 3Ha4eHIo1S1 HMeeT MHor03Ha4Hoe cnOBO

Sl3bIKa». PaCCKa>KH , KaKYtO POIlb HrpatOT 8 PYCCKOM Sl3blKe

COI03*? 4. nepe"'lHCnlo1 COt03bl, KOTopble Tbl 3HaeWb.

OKOH"'IaHIo1S1, npHCTaBKH Io1nlo1 CyCPcpIo1KCbl. nOKa>K101 3TO Ha nplo1-

Mepax. 06bSlCHIo1, KaK Tbl nOHHMaeWb CMblCIl 3arnaBIo1S1 pac-

......,

KaKosa ponb npeAllOrOB S cnosoc04eTaHIo1H lo1 "npeWlO>Ke-

HIo1Io1? nOKa>K101 Ha nplo1Mepax • 1. KaK pa3nlo14aTb OAIo1HaKOSble no HanHcaHIo1to 101 np0lo13Howe-

CKa3a . npH He06xoAHMOCTIo1 MO>KeWb Io1cnonb30BaTb cpparMeH-

Tbl "3 TeKCTa

n.B. YeneHeKoro

(ynp . 204).

"'IneHaMH? B CnO>KHbIX npeAllO>KeHIo1S1x? KaKOBa ponb 4aCTIo1L.J,b1 He S pe4H?

6. 7.

C KaKIo1MH 4aCTSlMIo1 pe4H MO>KeT ynoTpe6nSlTbcSI 4aCTHLJ,a He?

nOKa>K101 Ha npHMepax. 8. LjTO 06w,ero y scex cnY>Ke6HblX 4acTeH pe"'lH H '-4eM OHH OT11H-

KJIJO':IeBbl e CJI0B8 TeMbI : lfaCTH peqn

MOpC})OJIOI'UlleCKne IIpH3HaKH

rpaMM8TH'l(eCKOe

3aKOHhI H3hlKB

aa8lfeHHe CJIosa

KaKYto ponb Io1rpalOT COto3bl S npeAllO>KeHHSlX C OAHOPOAHblMH

4alOTCSI APyr OT APyra? n04eMY OHIo1 nonY4HnH TaKoe Ha3BaHlo1e?

211 .

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~~. 11. Ha KaKHe Aae rpynnbl AemJTCA "4neHbl npeAflO>KeHHSI? 2. KaKHe "IneHbl npeA110>KeHHA COCTaamllOT rpaM¥aTH"4ecKYIO

OCHOSY? 3. KaKHe npeA110>KeHIo1A Ha3blaalOTCA HepacnpocTpaHeHHblMH? PacnpocTpaHeHHblMH? KaKosa POl1b sTopoeTeneHHblx "4l1eHOB a npeA110>KeHHH?

§ 24. CnoBo KaK "neK npeAnolKeKKII. rnaBHble "neHbl npeAnolKeHKII

227. npOI.JHTaH TeKel. BblnHWH 1013 Hero nOAfle>KaUV1e 101 cKa3ye-

115.

npOI.!Io1TaH TeKeT . no KaKHM npH3HaKaM Tbl Hai1Aewb B npeAfl0>KeHIo1AX rnaBHble "4neHbl? HaHAH HX 101 BblnHWH . • MO->KHO nH TonbKO no rnaSHblM "4neHaM npeAJ10>KeHHA CYAHTb 0 CMblcne npeAflO>KeHHA? AOKa>KH .

aYJIOCb a a c e p e AHay IIopTa. jK,ll.aJIH Be Tpa. COJIHII;e 3amJIO,

B paaHeM lIeTCTBe BopHC mHTKOB IIPymHJI C KopHeeM '1Y-

a mapa Be c n8A 8 JI8 . M8TPOChI CTOHJIH Y 60PT8 II KYPHJUL

KOBCKHM . BYAYIIl;He nHCaTe Jl H ytIH JI HCb B OAROM H TOM

KJIaCce OlleccKoii 2-ii rIlMHa3I1H . Ore~ BopHca mHTKosa ni>e-

nOA 8.BM M aTeMaTHKY , 6paTbSl oTII;a nJIaB8JlH aa Boe aHblX KOpa6JIHX . BoT OT H HX-TO Ii n epemJIa K n JIeMSlHHHK Y CTpaCTHaSl JII060Bb K MOPIO, K ,ll.Mb HHM nYTemeCTBHSlM . B OPHC OTJIHQHO H3YtI H JI MopCKoe AeJIO , a CTpOHoMIIIO H 6oTaH H KY , CBo60,n;HO 3HM

<ppaBII;Y3CKHH H3bIK, HrpM Ha CKpHIIKe, JI106HJI n033HIO. ( II 0 B .JI. Pa3YM"eBU~)

• HaHAH B nepsoM npeA110>KeHHH BTopocTeneHHble "4neHbl. KaK Tbl HX Hawen? • CTpenKaMH 0603Ha"4b CBA3b BTopocTeneHHblx

Mble. Ha KaKHe Bonpocbl OHH OTSel.JaIOT? KaKHMH l.JaCTAMH pe"lH Sblpa>KeHbl?

HaKOHe~ Ha'laJIaCb pa3r pY3Ka' . CYIIHO ' ~Ba IIPyr at OTTlI-

DOPTY 3 aJKrJIHCb oroHbKH, H K paCHhIM rJIaaOM BCllhIXHYJI aa

p e R,ll.e M a SK 1. Kpac aOH 3Me tH i H3BHBaJIOCb ero OTpameHHe B BOAe .

(Ilo B .C. )KumICo8Y (fMopCICue ucmopuu») • HaHAH HepacnpoeTpaHeHHble H paenpocTpaHeHHble npeAl1o>KeHHA • • CocTasb cxeMY OAHoro 1013 pacnpOCTpaHeHHblX npeA11o>KeHHH . • HaHAH CnO>KHble npeAl10>KeHIo1A H eOCTaSb HX exeMbl . • HaHAH npeA110>KeHHe, rpaMMaTHl.JeeKaA OCHosa KOToporo BKI1IO"4aeT TonbKO cKa3yeMoe. npO"lHTaH HHcpopMaLV11O S paMKe. KaK Ha3blsalOTCA TaKHe npep,nO>KeHHst?

r qJIeB.bl npe,n;JIO)KeHHSI ,l1;eJIJlTCJI 88 ABe

BTopOCTeneHHLle. llo,a;JIemam;ee H

cKaayeMoe -

I'pynObl:

I'JI8SHbIe t.IJIeHbI

I'JlaBHble Ii

ope,ll;JIome-

HUS!. OHH COCT8BJUJlOT era rpaMM8THQeCKYlO DeBoay. 'lIJIeSbI rrpe,lJ;JIOmeHHSI, He BXO,l1;Hlll;He B rpaMM8THt.IeCKYIO oeHOBY, SlBJISlIOTCH BTopOCTeneHHIdMH. IIpeAJIOmesHe. COCTOHm;ee TOJIbKO 1'13 rpaMM8TIiI'tJeCKOH

I .

..MOJIo)J.OM-y rOCYAaplO yrpomae-r onaCHOCTb. O.o;HH H3 nOJIbCRUX OTPSl,ll;OB MomeT a8XS8THTb H y6HTb e ro. CTOHT aRM8. ilOJIHKH nOHHMaJQT, tITO 6e3 npOBomSToro ORR HHKoro He

H8HAYT. eRJIOR

pacnpOCTpa-

uelUlldM.

(flo BM. COJlOa.e8Y

. Hawa POCCUJl.)

• HaHAIo1 S TeKCTe 101 Bbln~w~ npeAllO>KeH Io1S1 C OAHOPOAHbIMJ.1 '"IneHaM~. rpa cpH4eCKI1 0603Ha'"tb OAHOpOAHble 4neHbi npep,nO>KeHI1S1. • Bblm-tW J.1 rnaronbi C 1-t3SeCTHbl MH T e6e opcporpaMM aMH.

IIpeAJIomeHliIH, I'PElMM8TWIecK8H OCHOBa KOTOPblX BKJIIO'la-

HBa-

'1aIl1Y ' ·

OCHOBhI, H83blBaeTCSI HepacnpOCTpaHeHHblM, a HMelOm;ee B

eBOeM COCT8Be em;e H BTopOCTerreHHble qJIeHhl -

Ii yrp038.MH OBH a8CT8.BJUIIOT

Ha CYC8H HH8 npOBO,lJ;HTb HX K n;aplO. 08 COI'JIamaeTCSI, BO 2 npHBOAHT IIOJISIKOB He K n;apID, a B Henpoxo,n;HMYIO JIeCHYlO

060-

3 Ha4b opcporpaMMbl.

eT no,zVlema.m;ee H cKaayeMoe, HaablBaIOTCH ~ycOC'IaBIIhlMH. IIpe,lJ,JIomeHHH, rpaMMaTH'tleCK8H OCHOBa KOTOPblX BKJIlOtlaeT JIH60 TOJIbKO nO,lJ;JIemaIIJ;ee, JIH60 TOJIbKO cKaayeMoe, Ha3b1-

KJIlOlJeBhle CJIOB8 TeMhl: 'tIJleH npe,lJ;Jlo.meHlIH nO,lJ;JIe>K8~ee

BalOTCSI O,ll;HOCOCTSBHIdMH .

Ii cK83yeMoe

rp8MMaTItt{e~K8jJ

228.

npO ....HTaH npeA/10>KeHHSI . KaK OHH Ha3blsafOTcSI? •

p8cnpocTpaHeHH ble u

qCHOB8

Hep8cnpOCTpaHeHBhle ,lJ;BYCOCT8BHhle H

np-eo6-

OAHOCOCT8BHbIe

pa3YH 3TH npeAnO>KeHHSI S pacnpOCTpaHeHHble, 3anHWI-t HX . •

npe,lJ;.lIO)f(eHHH

nOA'"IepKHH rnaSHble '-IneHbl npeAI10>KeHHSI. nOCTaBb BonpOCbl 101

rpacp\o1'"1eCKH nOKa>KH CBSl3H BTopOCTeneHHblX '"IneHOB npeAJ1S>KeHHSI

§ 25. BTopocTeneHHble '1neHbl npeAnOlKeHHII

C rnaBHbIMH.

OnpeAeneHHe

HacTynaeT Be'lep. ,ll;yeT BeTep. IIIYMHT JIec. TYM8H.

230. • 1113 nonY4HBWHXCSI npOCTblX npeAllO>KeHHH COCTaBb CnO>KHble, 3anHWH HX • •

COCTaBb cxeMbl CnO>KHblX npeAllO>KeHHH.

npO'"lHTaH TeKCT. ECTb nH B HeM onHcaHHe KaKHx-nH60

npeAMeTOB? KaKOH 3TO THn TeKCTa? • KaKHe cnOBa nOMoralOT onHcaTb pa3Hbie SlrOAbl? • BblnHWH HX co cnOBaMM, K KOTOPblM OHI-t OTHOCSlTCSI.

229.

ETO HHKorA8 He BH,lJ;eJI, KaK paCTeT KJIIOKB8, TOT MomeT npO'"tHTat:1 H nepeCKa>KH TeKCT • •

CTblX npeAJ10>KeHIo1S1 ,

nOA4epKH~

BblnHWH TpH npo-

B HIo1X rpaMMaTH4eCKHe OCHo-

Bbl. CTpenKaMH nOKa>KH CSSl3b BTopOCTeneHHbl X '"IneHOS C rnaBHblMH.

)

rJI8BHbIH repOH onephl M.H. rJIHHKR .mR3Hb 3a ~apH . -

AOJlI'O HATH no 60JIOTy H He 3a.MeQ8Tb, 'lTO OB no KJIIOKBe 1:I,lJ;EIT. BOT B3HTb SlrOAY qepHHKy -

JIeqeK TOHeHbKHH THHeTCH BBepx, no cTe6eJlbKY B p8aHbIe .. CTOPOHbI aeJIeHble M8JIeHbKHe JIHCTHKH, 1:1 Y JIHCTHKOB C1:l,zVIT MeJIKHM ropowKOM qepHHtlHHKH, qepHbl e SlrO,lJ;bI C CHaHM

me 6pYCHHKa :

KOCTPOMCKOH KpeCTbSlHHH HB8.H CYC8HHH. U;eHOH CBoeH mR3-

nYWKOM. TaR

HH OH cnacaeT aT BepaOH CMepTH u;apa MHx8HJIa.

aeJIeHbIMH JIHCTJlK8MH.

122

T8 paCTeT, 1:1 ee BR,lJ;Hmb . CTe6e-

KpOBaBO-KpaCHaH srO,lJ;a C TeMHO-

.,.... TISPKH CT_HJIH B 30JI_Te. BeT_p Hec oxa_KH JIHCT eB H Onpe,JJ;eJIeUHe -

3TO BTOpOCTeneHHbIH 't{JIeU npe,JJ;JIO>KeHHSI,

YCTHJIaJI HMH aJIJIeH. Ha npy.ztY BeT-P qy_CTBOBaJICSI CHJI- Bee.

KOTOPbr:H o603HsQaeT npH3HaK npe,AMeT8 H OTBeqaeT aa BonpaChI

Or ero DOPblBOB DO BJle 6_JKaJIa pH6h.

K8.KOH!8~:n? ~ ,Ap.

l!P~'\"~!!!: lee oaun ~epneem. (A.C.

• OnpeAenH, HBnfleTCSI nl-! HanHcaHHblM orpblBOK TeKCTOM.

IIymKBB)

Orrpe,AeJIeUHe npHcoe,n;HHSIeTCS:I K 't{JIeU8M npe,ltJIOmeHHSI,

233. np04HTaH 3araAKH. Pa3raAaM HX • • KaKHe cnOBa nOMor-

BbipalKeHHblM IIMeHeM CYll1eCTBIITeJIbHblM.

nH Te6e pa3raAaTb 3araAKY?

Onpe,AeJJeSBH 06bI'tJSO 6WB8lOT BbJpSmeUbl RMeuaMH npH-

JJar8TeJJhHblMB. OHH TaKme MOryT 6bITb BblpsmeUbl HMeHaMH

BHCHT H8 TOHKOM npYTHKe KOPOHhl KOpOJIeH.

cym;ecTBHTeJIbHbIMH.

IIpll paa60pe IIpeI\JIOlKeHHH onpel\eJIeallH nOl\'IepKlffiaJOTCH BOJIHHCTOH JIHHHeii.!.______________________________________

Ha HHTo't{Ke .ll;pOmaT.

231 . np04HTaH TeKCT. KaKoH 3TO nm TeKcTa? B KaKoM cnme OH HamtCaH? • HakAJ1 onpeAeneHHfI . no KaKJ1M npH3HaKaM Tbl HX 6y-

Ha aeJIeHOH TOHKOH HomKe BHCHT 6eJIbIe cepemKH.

4. BeJIbie 6y6eHQHKH

AeWb HCKaTb? BblnHWH onpeAeneHl-tfl co cnOBaMH, K KOTOPblM OHH npHcoeAHHsnOTCSI . KaKHMH 4aCTSlMH pe4H Bblpa>KeHbl onpeAenet:tHH? • rpaq:,H4eCKH 0603Ha"lb CBHK~'KQirp;AeneHHH.

nOI\ l\epeBOM pacTYT.

,u;ymHcTbIe ropOIDHHKH He cTe6eJIbKe BHCSlT.

06pa3eu 3amtCH : 1013 mt"nOBoH pbU4H. 'VVVVv

,l1;opomKs BblBeJI8 Hac H3 JIHIIOBOH pOm;H, -

MaiicKHe .meMqymHHKH

• HanHWH He60nbwoe onHcaHHe 4BeTKa, 0 KOTOPOM rOBopHnOCb 8 3araAKax . • l-1cnonb3YH onpeAeneHHfI 1013 3araAoK • • B CBOeM TeKCTe nOA4epKHH onpeAeneHHSI H rpacpH4eCKH nOKa>KH HX CBSl3b C APyrHMH 4neHaMH npeAllO>KeHHH.

MhI BOUIJJH B

oropo,JJ;. Mem,n;y CTSPbIMH .a:6JIOHHMH H 60JlhmHMH KYCTaMH KpbImOBUHKS neCTpeJIH KpyrJIhle 6JIe,n;HO-3eJIeahle ROllSHhI KanYCThI , XMeJIh BHHTaMH 06BHB8JI BbICOKHe ThI1fHHKH, TecHO TOpttaJIH a8 rpSl)l;K8X 6YP-hIe npYTbH, 60JIbmHe llJIOCKHe ThIK -

234. CnHwH npep,no>+<eHH", BCTaBn"" nponYll4eHHb,e 6YKBb'. • nOA4epKHH rpaMMaTH4eCKHe OCHOBbl (BcnoMHH, Ha KaKHe BonpOCbl OTBe4alOT cKa3yeMble) • • Hai:1AH 101 nOA4epKHH onpeAeneHl-!S1, rpaq:,H4ecKH nOKa>KH HX cHHTaKcH"IecKYIO CBSl3b.

BhI CJIOBHO BaJIHJIHCb ua 3eMJIe, orypn;hI meJITeJIH H3-no,n; nhIJIhUhIX yrJIOBSTblX JIHCTheB, B,n;OJIb nJIeTHH Ka'tJ8JIaCb BhICOKaS! KpanHBS.

(lIo H.C. TypzeH.eey ({3anuclCu oxamH.ulCa»)

1. m_JI-6b1JI CJIaBHblH l1aph ,ll;8I\oa .' 2. B CIlHeM He6e aBeaI\hI 6JIeIl1YT. 3. BeTep aa M.J)e ryJIHeT II K.J)a6JIIIK nOl\r_aHeT. OH 6_JKIIT ce6e B BOJIHax Ha p aal\YTblX n.J)Ycax. 4. BeJIRa . neceaKIl n _eT II opewKH Bce rpblaeT. 5. BOT OI\HalKl\b1 ' l1aph ,ll;8I\0H cTpawabiM rnYMOM Dp_ 6YJKl\eH.

• npO"lHTaH TeKCT 6e3 onpeAeneHHH. YeM 3TOT TeKCT OTnJ.14aeTCSI OT aBTopCKoro? KaKYIO ponb B C03AaHHH TeKCTa HrpalOT onpeAeneHHSI?

232. np04HTaH npeAll0>KeHHfI. PacnpocTpaHH ' HX C nOMOUJ,blO onpeAeneHHH • • HanHwH npeAJl0>KeHHH. nOA"IepKHH onpeAeneHHH BonHHcToM nHHHeM • • rpaq:,H"IeCKH 0603Ha"lb CBH3b onpeAeneHHM C APyrHMH "IneHaMH npeAJl0>KeHHH.

~~~ ]

(AG. IIyu",uI<)

.,..236. npOI.IHTaH H nepeCKa>K1-f TeKCT. HaHAH B Ka)t(AOM npeAIlo-

KmoqeBhle CJlOBa TeMhI:

>KeHHH rpaMMaTHl.lecKYto OCHOBY . • HaHAH H nOAl.lepKHH AononHeHHR. KaKYto ponb OHH HrpatoT B C03AaHHH npeAIlO>KeHHH? A TeKCTa? • CnHWH, BCTaBnstst nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. nOAl.lepKHH AononHeHHst nYHKTHpHOH nHHHeH . • r paq,Hl.leCKH nOKa>K}1 CHHTaKCHl.leCKYto CBst3b AononHeHHH.

BTOpOCTeneHHbI:K l.J.JleU rrpe.lVIOmeBHfl onpe,neJIeHHe HMSI npHJIaraTeJIbHOe OTIl-JC8Hlle

AononH@HH@

TPM ThlC)rQM JleT H_ 3a,l1 B <lJlJla,lle* IlpeBHMe rpeKM npOB JIM nepBywORHMnMa/lY. OJIJIHHbl

235. np04HTaH TeKCT. HaHAJ.1 maBHble l.IneHbl npeAllO>KeHHst H onpeAeneHHst • • KaKHe l.IneHbl npeAllO>KeHJ.1st OTBel.latoT Ha Bonpocbl KOCBeHHblX naAe>KeH? • BblnHwH HX co cnoaaMH, K KOTOPblM OHH npHcoeAHHsttoTCst . • KaKJ.1MH l.IaCTstMH pel.lH OHH Bblpa>KeHbl? 06pa3eu 3am-tCJ.1:

'II:!!"?

HBJIH KP_COTY II 3,l1;_pOB_e. OHM YCTpaHB8JIH

Cj)eBHOBaaHH aTJIeTOB Bceit: CTp_HLI.

CH_'1aJIa

38JIHCb TOJI_ KO B 6ere Ha O,ll;HH CTa,n;KH, TO eCTb Ha

192

MeTpa

27 C8HTHMeTpoB . OT H_3B3HHSI aTOM nepBoH ,lJ;HCT8HD;HH np_H30mJIO CJIOBO CT8,lJ;HOH.

i X

(II 0 B.B. BOJlUnoit)

!Y~li.a~.!::! 3aTstHyno.

• npOAOn>K"" TeKCT OnHMnHaAax.

Mbl 6 PO,ll;HJIlf H Ha6JIIO,lI;aJI B JKH3Hb ,lI;YUJIHHblX nTHu.: ,lI;HTJIOB, COB. B,lI;pyr MbI YCJIblm8.Jlli 3BYK UHJIhl.

aTJIeThI COCTH-

To 6bJJI8

3arOTOB-

2-3

npeAnO>KeHH~MH

0 cOBpeMeHHblx

CQCTga8HHe

,lU!CTauD;HH

1!TJIeT

CTM!!OH

•

Ka ,lI;POB H3 CYXOCToHHoro JIeca ,lI;JIH CTeKJIHHHOrO 38BO,ll;8. Mbl n060HJlHC b 38 Hallie ,lJ.epeBO, nOCn emHJI H, HO on03,l1;aJIH. Hama OCHHa JIemaJI8, H PH,lJ.OM JIemMO MHom.eCTBO nYCTblX

237. CnHwH TeKCT, BCTaBnstst nponyw,eHHble AonOnHeHJ.1st. nOA-

eJIOBbIX llIHllIeK. illnllKH llIeJIymnJl 3HMO:f i ,lI;HTeJI, C06HP8JI ,

l.IepKHH HX nYHKTHpHOH nHHHei:1 • • rpaq,Hl.leCKH nOKa>KH CHHTaKCJ.1l.IeCKYto CBR3b AononHeHHH .

BOCHJI Ha OCHHKY, 3aKJIa,nblBaJI H ,lI;OJI6HJI AepeBO.

(IIo M.M. ITpuw8uny «30Jlomou. AYZ))

CTaphIH Me,ll;BemaTHHK CM.u;eJI Ha 38B8JIHHKe II IIRJIlfKaJI Ha

• KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nOl.leMY 3TOT BTopOCTeneHHblH l.IneH npeAnO>KeHHst nony4Hn Ha3aaHHe AononHeHHe? • nOA6epH OAHOKopeHHble cnOBa K cnoay AononHeHHe .

.. . . OR OqeHb JlI06HJl ... II CTap aJIC.R caM HayqHTbcH HrpaTb. I IJlo xo Y Hero BbIXO,ll;HJlO, HO CTapHK II TaR 6b!JT ,n;OBOJleH •

M HMO npOXO,ll;HJI 3HaKOMbl H II rOBopHT ••• : - B:QOCb-Ka Tbl CBOIO . .. , 6epHCb 38 ••••

,lI;olIOJIHelllIe - aTO BTopOCTeneHHbIH ttJIeH npe,ll;JIOmeHHSI,

CeHQaC ... BH,lI;eJI

B JIecy.

KOTOPhiH OTBeqaeT sa BonpOChi KOCBeHHblX na,n;emeH.

CTapKK OTJIOmliJI . .. , paCCnpOCH.1I ... , I',lI;e D,H BH,lI;eJI ••••

'lTO?

H tturhalO ICH.uly" .

BaRJI ... If nomeJl B JIec. B JIecy CTapHK ,lI;OJII'O HCK8JI ... , HO He

AOnOJIHeHHe 06bITIHO npMcoe,nBHHeTCH K ttJIeH8M npe,ll;JIO-

HallIeJI. ¥CT8JI CTapHK H npHCeJI aa neBeR OT,lI;OXHYTb .

meHllH, BblpameSHblM rJIarOJIOM. AOTIOJIHeHMe Bblp8m8eTCH HMeHeM cym;ecTBHTeJIbHbIM liJlH MeCTOHMeHHeM. IIpH pa360pe npe,ll;JIOmeHHH ,lI;OnOJIHeHHe nO,ll;l.J.ePRHBaeTCSl nYSRTJ.!-p_HOR lIHHHeR.

• JlerKo mt Te6e 6blno nOHstTb TeKCT 6e3 AononHeHHH? • npOI.IJ.1TaH paccKa3 B.B. DHaHKH «MY3bIKaHT». KaK Tbi AYMaewb, nOl.leMY y Te6st H Y nHcaTenst nonYI.IHnHcb pa3Hbie paccKa3bl?

238.

HanHwH He60nbwoH TeKCT-noseCTsosaHHe

CTOJlTeJlhCTBO -

BTopOCTeneHahIH ~lJIeH npe,n;JIOmeHHSl ,

no AaHHoMY Ha"lany . 03arnasb TeKCT . Ha"lHH TaK :

KOTOPhIH Ofi03Ba"laeT MecTO, BpeMH, 06pa3 ,n;eHCTBHSI H T .,n;. H

OAHa)f(Abl AHeM 51 YIiHAen naCTO'lKY ••• • nOA"IepKHH

OTBeqaeT Ha

AononHeHHSI .

3alleM? Ii KaK? !!~~P?-_ Mbl

KJJ IO'lIeBbIe CJJOBa TeMbI:

BonpochI :~J'rAl~? KO~JJ,a1ne~YJJ,a? OTKYAa ? noqeMy?

ZYA.R..hu !!.._11:@.!E.e..:.

TIo 3Ha-qeHHIO, KOTopoe BhIHCHHeTCSI C nOMOm;blO BonpocOB,

BTopOCTeneHHbJe

J];onOJIHeHlIe

OfiCTOSlTeJIbCTB8 ,lJ,eJIHTCH sa aeCKOJIbKO oceOBBhIX BH,n;OB.

lfJleHhl npe,lVJO>KeHIUI

KOCBeHHble n8,nemn

B nRTOM

KJI8CCe Mbl n03HaKOMHMCR C TpeMSi BH)(aMH: MeCTa (r)(e? Ky)(a? oTKy)(a?), BpeMeHH (KOr/la? C Ka KU X nop? KaK )(OJIro?), 06p aaa /leHCTBHlI (KaK?). 'I8.II\e Bcero OOcTOlITeJIbCTBa npHcoel\HHSIlOTCH K cKaayeMOMy.

06CTOIITenbCTBO

239.

06cTOSlTeJIbCTB8 06~o BbIpWKBlOTCH aapellHeM H HMeHeM CYJ:qecTBHTen:bBhlM C npe,IJ,JIOI'OM.

npol.(HTai1 TeKCT. KaKHe cnosa nOMoralOT 60nee non-

HO H TOI.(HO paccKa3aTb 0 C06bITHSlX: 0 BpeMeHH H MeCTe Aei1CTSHSI , 0 TOM, KaK COBepwanOCb Aei1cTsHe ?

IIpH p8a60pe npe,n;JIO)KeHHSI OfiCTOHTeJIhCTB8 no~epKHB8IOTCSI nyaKTHpoM C TO"tlKOH.

KaKHMH I.(neHa-

MH npeA110>+<eHHSI OHH CSSl3aHbl? O,n;H aJK,l1;bl B Jl y r ax K O MBe npHCT 8Jla JlaCTOli Ka .

IITHqKa

'1To6bl onpeAenHTb BHA 06CTOSITenbCTBa, nonb3yi:1cSI AByMSI

KpymHJI8Cb OK OJIO M eHH, a 8,n;eB 8JI a 3 8 llJI eqO, KPH'lI 8 JI 8

BonpocaMH:

JK8JIOfiHO H a8cToi1:"IHBO, fiYATO SI Y a ee OT HHJI n T e aD,a H OHa npOCHJI8 OT,l1;8Tb e ro Ofip8THO.

rAe?

B KaKOM MecTe?

KorAa?

B KaKoe speMSI?

KaK?

KaKHM 06pa30M?

JI8 CTOQK8 JIe TeJI8 38 MeOH ,l1;OJIro, H B KOHne K oiIIl;OB MBe CT8JIO He no cefie • ••

241.

,I(e,n; MH1'pHH OTKPhIJI MHe npOCTyro HCTHHY : K Or,l1;a lIe JIOBeK H.z:teT n o HeKomeHOMY iryry, oa c nyrHB8eT COTHH ,Ry3H e~H Ko B

KHH 06cToSiTenbCTaa . OnpeAenH, ecnH cMo>+<ewb, 4eM Bblpa-

H mYKOB, H JIa CTOqKe H e Ha,l1;O BhlHCKHB8Th HX B rYCTOH Tpa-

>+<eHbl 06CTOstTenbcTsa . YKa)f(H HX 8HA, n011b3YRCb OCHOBHblMH H AononHHTenbHblMH BonpocaMH .

Be. OHa JIeT8eT OKOJIO QeJIOBe K8, JIOBHT HX a s JIeTY H KOPM HTCSI fie 3 38 fioThI.

( lIo K .r . l1aycmo6CICO.My «JIacm01LICa ») KO I'~a?

•

1. Be_ nepephlBHO rpOM rpeMeJl, H BeTphl B )(e6plIX 6y· rneBaJlH. 2. C pa_CBeTOM rJIae P8..J\8JICH MOH. (K .<l>. PblJIeeB) 3. II r~oM BILJlH rpeMHT p acKaToM. (FLA. ByaHH)

)(

....

BblnHWH 3T).1 cnosa no 06pa34Y : O,l1;HhJK,l1;bl npHtT8.Jla • • Ha

-. -. -

KaK).1e BonpOCbl OTBel.(aeT 3TOT BTopOCTeneHHblH 4J1eH npeAJlo>+<eHHSI? • YTOI.(HH no TonKOBOMY CnOBapK> , '-ITO 03Ha'iaeT cn080

242.

06cTosnenbCTIiO. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nOl.(eMY 3TOT I.(neH npeAJlo>t<e-

I npOl{HTai1 TeKCT B paMKe . B KaKOM CTHne OH HanHcaH?

• 03arnasb ero. Pa3AenH Ha CMblcnOSble 'iaCTH . CpcTasb nnaH .

npO"lHTaH npeAll0>KeHHSI • • CHa'-lana SblnHWH cnOBOCOLte-

TaHHSI C onpeAeneHHSlMH, 3aTeM - C 06cToSiTenbcTBaMIo1. nOAl.(epK-

HHSI nonY'-IHn TaKoe Ha3saHHe?

240.

npol.(HTai1 npeAll0>KeHHSI . Hai:1AH 06CTOSITenbCTBa . no

KaKHM npH3HaKaM Tbl 6YAewb HX HCKaTb? • CnHwH, nOA'-Iep-

HH 3aSHCHMbie cnOBa . rpacpH4ecKH nOKa>KH CBSl3H cnoa.

CKB03b BOJlHH CThIe T Y M 8 HhI np06u p 8 e TcSI JIya8, aa ne-

Q8.JlbHhIe nOJIH HhI JIbe T neq8JIbHhIH CBeT OH8 .

H,Il,EIT B,n;oxB oBeHHhlH

• KaKYIO HHtPoPMa4HK> He06xoAHMO Ao6asHTb, \.fT06bl TeKCT 6bln

JIe C8 HaBCTpeqy eMY

60ne e nonH blM? • n e p ecKa

38 pemeTKOH B T e MHH:Qe ChIpOH.

eKy[rn] HbIH

H3 TeMHoro

Ky.z:tecHHK*.

CH)KY

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BOH TPOHK8 60P38H* 6emHT, KOJlOKOJlL'tJ:HK 0,lJ;H03BytlHLIH yTO-

245.

CnHwH,

BCTaBn~~

nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl H 3HaKH npe.

MHTeJIbHO I'peMHT.

nHHaHH~ • • Ha~ H nOAl.IepKHH 06cTo~TenbcTBa, AonOnHeHJ.1~,

(A.C. IIyut/cun) • B COapeMeHHOM m1TepaTypHOM ~3blKe cnOBO CKY4HbU1 npOH3HOCHTC~ TaK: CKY[W]HbIH. np04HTaH 4eTBePTOe npeAflO>KeHHe. KaK

onpeAeneHH~. rpacpH4ecKH nOKa>KH HX CHHTaKCHl.IeCKHe

Tbl AYMaeWb, KaK HY>KHO npOH3HOCHTb 3TO cnOBO,

4HTa~

CTHXOTBO-

peHHe A.C. nYWKHHa? nO"eMY?

243.

H MSI MHXaHJI8 B8CHJIbeBH'tJ:a JIOMOHOCOB8 xopo m o 3H8JIH 1 n pn ero mH3H _ , 8 ero TPY,lI;LI n_JlytlHJIH Bce o6m;e e np_3H8HHe 3. 3aM_lJ8 TeJIbBOrO YTI_Horo (ae)UHTep _ COB aJI 8 co6CTBeHH8S1

np04HTaH H nepeCKa>KH TeKCT . • HaHAH B TeKCTe BTOpO-

CTeneHHble l.IneHbl,

CB~3H .

npHcoeAHH~IOJ.JJ.Hec~

K cKa3yeMoMY.

MHX8HJI I1.JIJI8pnOHOBHQ KYTY30B n _ CB_THJI

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1755

CB_1O m_3HL

roAY. 3TOT YHllBepcHTeT H_XOAHJlCH B Moc KBe. · B HeM H

c ei1:Qa c I'_TOBSlT 6y,ll;y~HX Y'l_HLIX H npenO,lLB8T eJIe i1: . B HRlIIH

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,lI;HlI 3 TD yqe6H oe 3aB-.AesIie SOCUT 11MB CBOel'D OCH_B8TeJIH -

.o;8X cpameHKHX ,. IDTypM8X.

M.B . JIOMoHOCOBa.

OB Q8CTO P _ CKOB8JI CB_en: 1

m_3H_IO. Bp8JKeCR8H nyJlH BLI6_JI8 eMy npaBLIH I'JI8 3 • Ho.H

(ITo B.M.

CO./108b€BY «(HaUla POCCUAI»

• CnHWH TeKCT, BCTaBb nponYJ.JJ.eHHble 6YKBbl H 3HaKH npenHHa-

HH~. nOAl.IepKHJ.-I 06CTO~TenbCTBa H AononHeHH~. CTpenKOH YKa>KH CB~3b

YHHBm>cHTeT

KJllOlIeBhle CJlQBa TeMbl:

nOCJIe p_HeHHSI OH BoeBM C npemHeH xp86poCT_IO.

BTopOCTeneSHLIe qJIeBLI npe,.o;JIOmeHHH 06cTOHTeJlbCTBO MeCTO, speMH, o6pa3 ,lI;ei1:cTBHH

3THX BTopOCTeneHHblX 4neHOB C rnaBHblMH.

§ 26.

nOCBHTH Tb m R3Hb 'tJ:eMY-JlH60, KOMY-JIH60

244.

PacnpocTpaHH TeKCT C nOMoJ.JJ.btd 06CTO~

TenbCTB • • 3anHwH ero. rpacpH4ecKH o603Ha4b 06CTO-

~TenbCTBa. YKa>KH HX CB~3b C APyrHMH l.IneHaMH npeAnO>KeHH~ •

A.H. Pbl6aKoBa (CM. 2) . • KaK 6bl Tbl

KH.

•

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ero C aBTopCKHM

TeKCTOM

Yl.le6HHK no nHTepaType «War 3a ropH30HT», onpeAenHn ponb 06cTo~TenbcTB B TeKcTe?

MHm8 ••• BCT8JI ••• , op;eJICft H BLIC K

JIL 3 H yJI • • •• Y JI HU,8 ,

ID_pOKaft H n y c'raft, AP_ M8JI8, C_ l'pe T 8S1 paHHHM yTpeu H HM cO_Hu,eM. JIHlllb nepeKJI_K8JIHCb ll_ TyX H KameJIb, COHHoe 60PM_ T8HlIe -

.0;8 • • •

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nepBLIe 3BYKH np_ 6 y m,lJ;eB HH

B np_XJl8,lJ;HOH THmHHe nOROH. MHIDa >KMYPHJI I'JI_ a8 , e>KHJICSl .

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TSlHYJIO • •• , H O M LICJIL

o poraTKe, KOTOPOH X BaCTaJI •. • PbI>KHH reHRa, 3_CTaBlIJI8 ero ••• BCTP_ XHYTbCB.

Ponlo 3HaKOB npenHHaHHII • nHcloMeHHoH pe'lH. OAHOpoAHIo.e '1neHIo' npeAliolKeHHII. 3HaKH npenHHaHHII • npeAliOlKeHHIIX C OAHOpOAHIo.MH '1neHaMH

246. Te6e

npeACTOHT npOl.lJ.fTaTb TeKCT 0 ponH 3HaKOB npe-

nHHaHH~ B nHCbMeHHOH peLtH. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, 0 LteM B HeM 6YAeT paCCKa3bIBaTbC~? • nocne 4TeHH~ conOCTaBb CBOH npeA· nOnO>KeHH~

C cOAep>t<aHHeM TeKCTa.

K.r.

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K.r.

HLIH. B TB.KOM BlI.u;e ero HeJIb3Sl 6LIJIO neQ8TaTh.

B3SIJICH nOMOqb K OppeKTOp* l'a3eThI BJIarOB. BclO HOqb OH TPy.u;HJICSI, a yrPOM nOKa38.JI CBOIO pa60TY . naYCTOBCKHH 6bIJI H3YMJIeB. B paCCKa3 e Bce CTB.JIO SlCHbIM, OT CKOMK8..HHOCTH H

4. KaK MoryT eoeAHHRTbCR OAHOpOAHble t.tneHbl "peAllO>KeHIo1R? S. B KaKOM cnyt.tae OAHOpoAHble l.fI1eHbl npeAllO>KeHIo1R pa3AenRtoTeR 3anRTOH? CoeTaBb exeMbl. npHBeAH nplo1Mepbl.

CJIOBecBOI'O pa36po.u;a He OCTB.JIOCb H TeHH, HO, KaK OKa38.JIOCb, BJIal'OB He BbI6pOCHJI Hli O.u;HOI'O CJIOBa. qy.u;o 06'bSlCHHJIOCb o't£eHb npOCTO: KoppeKTOp paCCTaBHJI 3HaKH npeIlHH8HHSI .

• KaKOBa oeHOBHaR Mblenb TeKeTa? • AnA t.tero Hy>KHbl 3HaKIo1 npenlo1HaHIo1A B nlo1ebMeHHOH pet.tlo1?

248. Te6e npeAeTolo1T npot.tIo1TaTb TeKCT B paMKe . TeMa TeKeTa _ OAHOpoAHbie t.tneHbl npeAflO>KeHIo1R. 0 t.teM, nO- TBoeMY, B HeM Aon>t<Ho rOBopHTbCSI? • nepeA t.tTeHlo1eM eOCTaBb H 3anHWH BonpoCbl, Ha KOTopble Tbl HClAeewbcR nonyt.tHTb OTeeTbl • • nocne t.tTeHHR onpeAenH : a) Ha KaKHe BonpOCbl Tbl nonyt.tHn OTaeT; 6) KaKaR HoaaR AIlR Te6R HHcpopMaL,4HR COAep>KIo1TeR B TeKeTe.

147.

npOt.tIo1TaH TeKeT . KaKoBa ero oeHOBHaR Mblenb? noeTaBb Bonpoebl K Ka>KAOMY a63aL,4Y . nepeCKa>K101 TeKeT. nYUKTYru::J;HH, KaK H Bc e ,lJ,pyrHe 3HaKH nHCbMeHHOI'O H3h1Ka, CJIymHT neJISlM o6w;eHHH Mem.u;y JIIO.u;bMH. npH nOMOn.J;H 3HaKOB npenHHaHHH nHmYW;HH Bblp&maeT onpe.u;eJIeHHbIe 3Ha't£eHHH H OTTeHKH, BKJI8,ll;bIBaeMbIe HM B cBoe nHCbMeHHoe BbICKa3bIB8HHe. A't£HTaIOIIJ;HH, BH,Il;H IIYUKTYru::J;HOHHhle 3HaKH B TeKCTe, Ha OCHOBaHHH HX BocnpHHHMaeT BblpWKaeMhIe HMH

Boe 3B8QeH H e. B Y CTHOH peqH OHH BhI.u;eJUIIOTCSI C nOMoID;blO HRTOHaO;HH , a B IIHcbMeHHoH O<pOPMJISIlOTCSI C nOMOW;b lO aHaKOB npenHH8.HHSI . CMhICJIOBble OTpe3KH -

O)l.HOpO)l.Hble QJIeH bl npe,.pro:meHHSI

H MelOT pSl.u; npH3 H81<OB : a) OHH npHcoep;HHSlIOTCH K O.D;HOMY H TOMY me ttJIeHY IIpe.u;-

3Ha't£eHHH H OTTeaKH.

O.n;RopO.ll:Rhle '1JIeHLI npe.ll:JlOJICeBHH SlBJISlIOTCH CMLICJlOBIJIMH OTpe3KaMH, T.e. HM npH.u;aeT c H .u;onOJIHHTeJIhHoe CMhICJIO-

T8.K KaK Bce nHm~He BbICTYIIaIOT H B POJIH qHTaIOm;HX ,

H , Ha06opoT, Bce qHTaIOIIJ;He - H B POJIH IIHmyIIJ;HX, TO 3H&qeHHSI 3HaKOB npenHHaHHSI AOJUKHbI 6bITb e,lJ,HHbIMH AJISI Bcex rpaMOTHbIX JIIO,n;eH, nOJIb3YIOIIJ;HXCH .u;8..BHblM Sl3bIKOM. BCHKoe npaBHJIO 0 3HaKax npenHH8HHH eCTh KaK 6bI nYHKT .u;OI'OBOpa MeJKAY IIHmym;HM H 'IHTaIOIIJ;HM.

(llo A.B. illanupo) 3HaRK npeIDfRaHlfSl n OMOl'aIOT n mnyw;eMY B bIpa3HTb CBOIO MbICJlh, a qHTaIOm;eMY nOHSlTb n e p e)l.aBaeMylO M hICJIh.

1. KaKlo1e 4neHbi npeAllO>KeHHR Ha3blBatOTeA OAHOPOAHbIMIo1! 2. C KaKoH HHToHa~He~ OHH npoH3HoCSlTCSI? 3. PaecMoTplo1 cxeMbl. KaKlo1e t.tneHbi npeAllO>KeHIo1R , MoryT 6b!Tb

JIo:meHHSI; 6) OTBe't£aIOT Ha O.u;HH H TOT me Bonpoc; B) npOH3HOCSlTCH C nepeqHCJIHTeJIhHOH HHTOHB.IJ;HeH.

nHChMe 3TH OTpeaKH MOI'YT paa.u;eJISlThCH 3anSiToH.

CxeMbI c oep;HHeHHH H paa.u;eJIeHHH OAHOPO,lJ;HbIX tJJIeHOB:

0 " n

B em ep no "'Op/O eYMlem u IWpa6J1UIC nooeo1UU!m. (A.C. JIymKHH) BeeeHHuil py~eil aan030aJl . He yeneJl e08ee", e6e:JfCamb ... (M.M. JIPHIlIBHB) G . Rol a He ooe:JfCoy . a yM Haoo YICpamamb. (JIOCJIOBHI\a) Ii r- , Ii , H .......' , H H .lLJ06JL1O U xJLe6, U mopm, u nup0:JK:· Hbl~ . U np",HUICU. (B.IO. ,!(parYHcK>lil) lCa lC np eICp aeHbl cOJl H4e U He60. Mope U 8emep... _

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[- = 8 . 8 .8 ]·

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249. npOt.tHraH npeAllO>KeHHA. HaHAH CMblcnOBble orpe3KH OAHOpoAHble t.tneHbl npeAllO>KeHHR. OnpeAenH, no KaKoH cxeMe

.....OHH COeAJ.1HSnOTCSI, KaKJ.1e 3HaKJ.1 npenJ.1HaHJ.1S1 J.1X pa3AenSltOT • • CnHWJ.1 npeAIl0>KeHJ.1S1. OnpeAenH, KaKJ.1e LtneHbl npeAIlO>KeHHSI SlBnSlIOTCSI OAHOPOAHbIMJ.1, nOKa>KJ.1 J.1X rpacpHLteCKJ.1.

CTYK KonhlT ROHSI, 3BYK RDJIeC8 OT3h1BaJIHCb rpOMOM H

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251 . CnHwH, paCCTaBb 3HaKH npenHHaHJ.1S1 B cxeMax • • CocTaBb npeAJ10>KeHJ.1S1 no 3THM cxeMaM.

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Hble BepIDHHbI KpacBoB8TOH 6POH3010 OTCSetIHSaIOT CTBOJIbI ' •

TBopLlecKoe cnHCblBaHHe • • CnHwH TeKCT 101 AonHWJ.1

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If. 60p

250.

OAHOpOAHble LtIleHbl npeAIl0>KeHHSI. rpaq,HLlecKH nOKa>KH, KaKJ.1e LtneHbl npeAIlO>KeHHSI SlBnSltoTCSI 0AHOPOAHbIMJ.1.\ . npOLlHTai:1, nepeCKa>KH

J.1 03arnaBb TeKCT .

H nOJIS! II aanax.H H 3 BYKH aaneQ8TJIeBaIOTC.R B naMSI1

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B rycToM JIecy 6b1JIO TeMHO, KaK nOA . .....,

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BOT no cHery (KaK?) ••• H (K8K?) nOI\KHyJlH (K8KHe?) •.. H (KaKHe?) •.• ay6bI. 3TO KYHHI\8 - rpoa8 Bcex (KaKHX?) .•. H (K8KHX?) •.. lKHTe-

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TO HOBoe. Ram,n;oe CJIOBO .RBJI.ReTCH 06~HM H83B8.HHeM ,n;JISI rr;eJIOro pSlP;8 npe.n;MeTOB. HanpHMep, CJIOBO

48embL

HBJIHeTCH 06-

ID;HM Ha3B8HHeM Bcex IJ,BeTOB, 6y,n;}' TO O,ll;YB8.H1.JHK lIJllI p03a.

CJIOBO Oepe6bJL - o611.\ee IIJI" Bcex lIepeBbeB. 6Yllb TO p,,6HHR

AJIH CJIOB

emOJL, emyJL, uuca4J, "po8amb, "peeMe6eAb. OHO 0606m;aeT Bce ope,n;-

06m;HM HBJlHeTCH CJIOBO

MeThI ,lI;OM8mHeii 06CT8HOBKH. Ror,n;8 npH T8..KOM CJIOBe eCT}' O,1J;Hopo,ll;HLIe lIJIeHbI, KOTophIe npe,ll;CT8BJISlIOT c060H nepelleHb npe,n;MeTOB, 0606m;eHHblx aTHM CJIOBOM, OBO H83b1B8eTCH

0606·

14 alO 14 U .M .

(r.r.

o ueemw:

~----------------------~

He X01.Jy, tJT06LI

OHH 6e306p83HH'lIMH: ,lI;pa.n:HC}', CCOPHJlHC}' H BLIrOBHJIH roc-

HJIH IIaJIbM8.

CTRBHTC" ,1IBOeTO'lHe.

8 :8 · 8 · 8 ·

Ho B,1J;pyr B KOMH8TY BOWeJI n8n8. DB CR83M:

- T8.Koe BOCnHTaHHe ry6HT MOHX ,n;eTeH •

/LO -

•

TIOCJIe o606m;arom;ero CJIOBa nepe,n O,lJ.HOPO,lJ.HbIMH 'tlJIeH8.MB KaKHM 'lIy,n;OM K83MHC}' MHe Tor,n;a aTH ,n;epeBeHCKHe H

CeJIhCKHe JUtBO'llKH!

IIpH o,n;aopo,ltHblX tJJIeBax npe,lVlOmeHHH MOryT 6hJTb CJIOBa

KOTophIe HBJIHIOTCH 06m;HMH no 3HalleHHIO ,ZJ;JlH CTOSIm;RX np"

TpanuK, CM. BonoapenKo «3naKU npenunanWll»

• 8 KaKOM CTHne HanHcaH 3TOT TeKcT? KaKoH 3TO THn TeKcTa? • HaHAH H BblnHWH KI1tO... eBoe cnoao TeKCT a. 3anHwH OAHOKOpeHHble cnoaa K HeMy.

llpe,n;JIome-

HHH CT8.HOB.RTCSI pacnpocTpaaeHHbIMH 3a clIeT npHcoep;HHeHHSI K rpaMMaTB'tIeCROH OCROBe BTopOCTerreHBbIX tJJIeHOB )p;onOJIReHHH onpe,n;eJIeHHH H 0 6CTOSlTeJlbCTB.

,il;JISI 60JIee TO'tlHOH

nepep;aqH MblCJIH aa nHChMe Mhl HcnOJIh3yeM 3H8RH npenMBaHHSI TOtJKY 3anHTYlO cKo6KH ,1J;BOeTOtJHe 'rHpe BOCKJIHnaTeJIbHhIH H Bon pOCHTeJIbHbIH 3H8..KH.

• 8 TeKCTax KaKoro cnotn~ MoryT Hcnonb30aaTbCR 3TH npeA"O>KeHHR? • npOAOn>KH OAHO 1013 npeAflO>KeHHH 2-3 caOHM'" npHMepaMH. 8 KaKOM npeATlO>KeHHH :noro CAenaTb Hel1b3~? nO ... eMY? 256. npl1AYMaH H HanHWH npeAflO>KeHHR C OAHOPOAHblMH ...neHaMH. 8 Ka ... eCTae o606l4C1tOW)1x Hcnonb3YH cnoaa: OAe)l(Aa, peKH, ropoAa, Aepe...., nnaHen.l. rpa¢>H"IeCKH o603Halfb OAHOpoAHble 4neHbi

npeATlO>KeHH~.

257. CnHwH TeKCT. BCTaBn •• nponyw.eHHble 6YKBbl. npoAomKH ero 2-3 npeAf10>KeHH~MH • • rpa¢>H ... ecKH o603Ha4b OA- \!:,:; u' HOpOAHble ... neHbl npeA1l0>KeHH~ • • r pacpH ... ecKH o603Ha ... b ycnoaH~ abl60pa op¢>orpaMM Ha MeCTe nponYCKoa.

Haqarro OC_HH )l;JIJI JI_CHbIX

06_ TaTeJIeH - XJ>0IDaJl nJ'a.

JIec 6_raT paaHhlMH JIaROMCTBaM H Hr..Jl;aMH rp_6aMH opexaMH.

H8 orrymK8x H Ha n_JlSIHaX CT_HT I )l;HKHe Jl6JIOHH .

CKOJIbKO Ha HRX SI6JIOKl OHH Man:eHbKHe H KHCJlbIe. Ho H aa 3 3TH <PPYKTbI H6H,lWTCSI OXOTHHKH M.JI;Be~H K_6aHbI emH.

(llo

G Y3JIOM

B PYKax H BbImeJI H3 60JIbHHD;bI H, npoA,n;Jl

KBapTan, npHCeJI Ha TYM6y KaK xopoIDol

MeHSI 38KpymHJIaCb rOJIOBa, HO $I 3HM, 't[TO He

yrr8l\Y, 51 3110POB H 6yllY "'HT", 51 rrOrrpaBHJlCII, IIpoll\ali, 6oJI"HHl.\al 3l1paBcTByli, wKoJlal

C1<P.6U41<OMY)

KJrlOlJeBble CJlOBa TeMLI:

O,a;HOpo,a;Hble 'lIJIeHbl npe,a;JIo.meHuH

T8KaH em;e 6bIJI8 CJIa60cTb. Ho

(BA Xa ••pun «J1'.a 1<anumana.)

• nonp06YH AaTb onpeAeneH"e: "TO Ha.bIBaeTCR 06palLleH"eM, • B KaKHX pe'"leBblX cHTya4HAx Hcnonb3yeTcA 06paL14eHHe?

060611\81OI1\ee CJlOBO 3Hal<U npenHH8HUH

§ 27, 06patqeHHe, npeAnolKeHHII C o6patqeHHeM, 3HaKH npenHHaHHII • npeAnolKeHHllx C o6patqeHHeM 258. n OHa6ntoAaii 3a eBoeii pe'"lbto. KaKlo1e enosa Tbl Hen o nb3yewb, eCflH Hy>t(HO 06paTHTbcSI K APyry , K Y'"lHTento, K POAHblM 101 T.A.? KaKHe cnosa Tbl 06A3aTenbHo ynoTpe6Hwb ls 3THX npeAllo>t(eHHAx? KaK K Y'"leHHKaM o6paL14atoTCA Y'"lHTenA? ,[J.HpeKTop wKonbl? 259.

npo'"lHTai1 TeKCTbl . HaiiAIo1 cnosa, Ha3blBatoL14lo1e nH40 Io1nlo1 npeAMeT, K KOTOPOMY 06paw.atoTcA.

1. - 3110POBO, rrapHHll\el - CTyrraK ce6e MHMOI - Ym 60JIbHO TbI rpoaeH, RBR H rrorJIHmyl OTKy,n;a ~pOBHIDKH? - 83 JIecy, BecTHMO*; OTe~, CJlblIDHIDb, py6HT, a SI oTBomy.

(B Jlecy P8311aBMCII Torrop IIPoBoceKa,)

- A -

'ITO, Y OTu;a-TO 60JIbIDaSi ceMbSl?

CeMbSl-TO 60JIbIDaSI, ,n;a ,n;Ba qeJIOBeKa

Bcero MymHKoB-TO: OTe~ MOR ,n;a

26 1. npO'"lHTaii TeKCT B paMKe. npHAYMaii H 3anHWH CBOIo1 npHMepbl. HaA 06paL14eHHeM nOCTaBb 6YKBY O. 06pam;eHHe - 3TO CJIOBQ (HJIH CJIOBocot.{eT8.HHe), H83bIBaIOll.I;ee JIHo.O HJIH npe,ll;MeT, K KOTOPOMY o6pa.m;aeTcH rOBopHIll;HH.

06p~eHHe - 3TO CMhICJIOBOA oTpe30K, KOTOPbIH B YCTHOH pet.{H BhI,n;eJISleTCSI 3B8TeJIbHOH HHTOBaU;HeH, 8 B OHCbMeaaOR 3H8KaMH npeOl1HBHHSI.

06p8ll\eHHe Mo",eT 6h1T" pacrrpOCTpaHeHHhlM " Bep8cnpoCTpaHeHHblM. 06pSIIJ.eHHe He HBJIHeTCH 'lJJIeHOM npe,n;JIOmeHHH. CJIOBS mbl H 8bl He ,n;OJImHhl HCnOJIb30B8TbC.fI B Ka'leCTBe

06-

p8ll\eHHli,

$I •••

(H A. H eKpac08 «KpeCmbJtltCKUe aemu» )

• BeCTHMO (ycTap .) - H3BeCTHO.

260. BblnHwH H3 TeKCTOB npeAIlo>t(eHHA C 06paw,eHHSlMH. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nO'"leMY 06paL14eHHe MO>t(HO Ha3BaTb CMbICnOBblM oTpe3KoM? • B KaKOM n(lAe>t(e CTOHT 06paL14eHHe? KaKHe "lfleHbl npeAJ1o>t(eHHSI TaK>t(e CTOAT B 3TOM n(lAe>t(e? B "ieM pa3nH"iHe Me>KAY 06paw.eHHeM H nOA11e>KaL14HM? • AOKa>t(H Ha CBOHX nplo1Mepax, '"ITO 06paL14eHlo1e He ABnAeTCA "lfleHOM npeAllO>t(eHHA.

262.

npO'"lHTaii npeAIlo)t(eHHA. Hal1AH 06paL14eHHe. OnpeAenlo1, B KaKoii '"IaCTH npeA11o>t(eHHA OHO HaXOAHTCSI. C KaKoii Io1HTOHa4Heii npoIo13HoCHTC~? • CnHwH. rpacpH'"IeCKH 0603Ha'"lb 06paL14eH He •

J];06PhIH nYTb B8M, rocno,n8, no MOPIO , no OKH.fIHY K

CJIaBaOMY n;aplO C8JITaay .

06paTH BHHMaHMe: OAHOpOAHble 4neHbi npeAJ10>KeHMJI pa3"enRtOTCR 3anJiTOH, a 06pal1..\eHMe SblAenSieTCR 3ansITblMM C ASYI CTOpOH. BblAenMTenbHble 3HaKM npenMHaHMSI BcerAa AIoHHble .

Thl BpaaYMHJI MeH.fI, repoR.

3APaBCTByH, KBH3b Thl MOR npeKpacHbIiil qTO Thl THX, K8K

,lIeHb HeHacTHblli? (A.C.ITywKHH) 4. 0 Bonra, KOnhI6eJIb MOH, JII06HJI JIH KTO Te6S1, KaK SI?

CJIyw8RTecb, aaiiqHKH, .ne,na

Ma3aHI (H.A. HeKpacoB) • CAenaH BbIBOA: KaKHMH 3HaKaMH o6paw.eHHSI BblAenSitOTCSI Ha nHCbMe.

264. np04MTaH TeKCT B paMKe Ha c. 140. npHAYMaH M 3anHWM npMMepbl. rpaq:,M4ecKM 0603Ha"ib 06pal1..\eHMJI. CocTaBb CXeMbl npep,nO>KeHMH . • nonpo6YH COCTaBMTb anropMTM AeHcTBMM, Heo6XOAHMblX p,nJl npaBHnbHoro oq:,opMneHMSI 06paLl.4eHHJI B nMCbMeHHOH pe4H.

263. BcnoMHH H 3anHWH H3BeCTHbie Te6e CTPOKM A.C . nYWKMHa. 06bJlCHM nocTaHoBKY 3HaKOB npemtHaHMJI .

CROJlb3H no yrpeUHeMY

CBeT Haw COJIHblmKO

cHery •• • npe,lllli\HMCH 6ery HeTep-

265 . npO"iHTaH npeAJ10>KeHMJI. HaMAM 06paL.LJ.eHHSI . • CnMwM,

neJIHBoro KOBSI.

2 . ...

,lIpyr MHnblli

Thl Moryq, TbI 1'0HSle mb

CTaH TytI • ••

3 . . ..

Thl xo,nHmb KpyrJIbIB ro,n;

Be Tep, BeTep

no He6y . •• • nOA"iepKHH opq:,orpaMMbl B OKOH"iaHMJlX enOB . • npMAYMaH H 3anHWH TpH npeAnO>KeHHJI C o6paw.eHHJlMM. rpaq:,H'·teeKH olso3Ha4b 06pal1..\eHHSI.

06pa JJ.J;eHue -

•

CMbICJIOBOH OTpeaOK, KOTOPbIH a8 D HCbMe

Bbl,.o;eJISleTCSI 3 H aK8MH n p e n HHaSHR . 06p8..lqeHH e B HaqaJIe , B cepe,z:U.fBe H B KOHqe npeAJIOJoKeH H.fI Bbl,.o;eJISJ.eTCH 3aURThIMH . ECJIH 06p am;eHHe, CTOR ~ee B a8qarre npe,n;JIOmeHHSI , npon :a-

paCCTaBnJlJl 3HaKM npenMHaHHSI. rpaq:,M4ecKM 0603Ha4b o6pal1..\eHMJI . • CocTaBb cxeMbl npeAflO>KeHHM . • npMAYMaH M 3anHWM CBOM npeAflO>KeHMJI no 3TMM cxeMaM.

1. rOCY,llaphIHH p0,llHaH BhI6pan H ",eHY ce6e, ,lIO'fb nocJIymHyro Te6e. 2. Bor Bac ,lIeTH Harplli\HT. 3. llonHo KHH3b ,lIyma MOH He ne'fanbCH, pa,lla cny",6y OKa3aTb Te6e " B ,lIpy",6y. 4. '{eM BbI rOCTH Topr Be,lliiTe? If Ky,lla Tenepb nnhIBeTe? (A.C. ITYWKUH) 266. npeACTaSb, 'iTO Tbl HaXOAMWbCSI: 1) Ha ypoKe, rAe Te6e npeAcToMT BblcTynMTb C C006l1..\eHHeM; 2) H3 AHe pO>KAeHJ1J1 APyra (noAPyrM), M Te6e Hy>KHO npoM3HecTM n03ApaBMTenbHYto pe4b . KaKMe 06pal1..\eHMSI Tbl Mcnonb3yewb B nepBoM M BO BTOPOM cnY4ae? n04eMY? 06bJlCHM. 3anMwM HeCKonbKO aapMaHToB npeAf10>KeHHH C 06pall.4eHMeM.

HOCHTC.R C OC06b1M qy-BCTBOM, TO DOCJIe sero CTaBHTCSI BOCKJIH-

I~aTeJIbHhIli

267. npHAYMaH H HanMWM n03APaeneHMe (Koro M C 4eM Tbl

3HaK . CxeMbI BhIi\eneHHH 06paIl\eHHH:

[ 0, -

~ ].

[01 -

~ ].

0, .. . ].

6YAewb n03ApaBflSlTb, onpeAenM caMOCTOJlTenbHo). nOcTapaHCSI Hcnonb30BaTb B TeKCTe pa3Hbie 06pal1..\eHMR, KOTopble 6YAYT CTOJlTb B Ha4ane, B cepeAMHe, B KOHu.e npeAnO>KeHMJI. nOMHM, "iTO 06paw.eHMe MO>KeT 6blTb HepacnpOCTpaHeHHblM M pacnpOCTpaHeHHblM.

268.

Cnt.1WH npeAllO>KeHHSI, paCCTaBI1S1S1 3HaKH npenHHaHHSI

•

CMbIC110Bble OTpe3KH, BblAe11eHHble B TeKCTe, Ha3bIBaIOTC5!

101 BCTaBI1S1S1 nponyw.eHHble 6YKBbl • • rpacpHl.(eCKH 0603Hal.(b

IIOAHblMH enOBaMH • • KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, no~eMy OHH n011YI.(H11H

o6pa w.eHH 5!.

TaKoe Ha3BaHHe?

1. MocKBa MocKBa JIIo6J110 T 6S! KaK ChIR. (M.IO. JIepMOH. 1

TOO)

270.

IIo,lij>yra2 ,ZI;HeH MOHX CypOBbIX I'OJIY_K8 ,ZI;PSlXJI8H MOJI 1

npOl.fHTaH npeAllO)f(eHHSI . HaHAIoi BHYTPH npocToro npeA-

O,Zl;H8 B rJIYIU H JI_COB C_CHOBbIX .lLBHO, ,lI;_B~O T bl )Kp;eWb

110)f(eHHSI CMbIC110B0i1 oTpe30K -

MeBS!. (A.C. IIynllmB) 3. C,m i\HTS! MOe YCBH. CJIa_KHM COBa K ce6e MaaH. (A.H. MaiiKoB) 4. IIp_BeT Te6e MOM Kpaii P...AHoii .c

3HaKaM Tbl 6YAeWb ero HCKaTb? • OnpeAenH, KaKOH AonOnHHTe11b-

BBOAHoe C110BO. no KaKHM npH-

HblH CMbtC11 OHH BHOCSIT B npeAI10)f(eHHe • •

TBOHMH TeMHbIMH JI_C8MH C TBoeH BeJIHKOIO P_KOH Ii HeOrJISI,ZI;-

3HaKH npenHHaHIo1Sf • •

HhIMH n_JIs!MH. (C.H . .o;POlKlKHB)

npeAIlO)f(eHHH • •

KmOtleBLle cnOB8 Tel\oJLJ:

rpacpH~eCKH OTMeTb BBoAHble C110Ba 6YKBOH

P83YMeeTCSI H

CnHwH, paCCTaB11S1S1

CAe11aH BblBOA 0 MeCTe BBOAHblX C110B B

CJIaBSlH 6hIBaJIH AOJIrHe pacrrpH* H TH)Ke-

CMbICJIOBOii oTpe30K

3H8KII npenna8HuSl

JIhIe CCOPhI.

KOaeqHO rJI8BHbIe BO)K,n;O nJIeMeH BHK8K He

o6pa~eHlIe

BbI,neJIHTeJILHLIe 3H8KH

XOTeJIH nona,n;aTb B qy.m:yIO 3aBHCHMOCTb.

B03MO)KHO 113-38

HeYCTyrrtll1BOCTH MeCTHblX KHSl3eH H npHmJIOCb rrpHrJIam8Tb B npaBHTeJIH BapSlI'OB.

PIOPHK K cqaCTbIO He a8CT8BHJI ce6H

AOJIro ynp8mHB8Tb H npH6bIJI KHH)KHTb B CTapHHHbIH ropo,n

§ 28.

BaoAHbie enOBa. npeAnOlKeHHA e BBOAHblMH enoBaMH. 3HaNH npenHHaHHA B npeAn0lKeHHAx e BBOAHblMH enOBaMH (o.HaNoMneHHe)

269.

HOBI'OPO,Zl;.

K8.m:eTcSI HMeHHO BO BpeMeB8 PlOPHK8 CJIaBSlH-

CKHe aeMJIH llO,n; ero YIIpaBJIeHHeM CTaJIH a83hlB8TbCSI PYCblO.

(no B.H. COJW6bi!6Y) • BblnHWH BBOAHble C110Ba. nOA6epH K HHM CHHOHHMbl .

npOI.(HTaH TeKCT. 06paTH BHHMaHHe Ha BblAe11eHHble

C110Ba • • K a KoH AOn011HHTe11bHblH CMbIC11 oHH BHOC5!T B npeAllo-

eJIOB8, BbIP8jK81O~He OTHomeHHe rOBOpSlIQero K TOMY, 'ITO

)f(eHHe? • npoBepb SlB11S1IOTC5! 11101 OHH ~11eHaMH npeAllO)f(eHH5! •

OH rOBopHT, H83hIB8IOTCH BBO,lJ;IIIdMH.

• KaK OHH BbIAe11S1IOTCSI B YCTHOH H nHcbMeHHoH pel.fH?

3,l1;eCL CTOSlJIH D;eJIbIe TOJITIhI H8PO,ll;8.

If JIIO,ll;H

(Konell.nO, pa3YMeemCR), HeYBepeHHOCTb (na8epnoe, Ka:»cemCR), qYBCTS8, KOTophIe BhI3bIBalOTCH C006IQeHHeM (K Cll.aCmblO. K cO:JICa.neBBOAHbIe CJIOB8 MorYT BbIpam8Tb YBepeHHOCTb

OTCIO.n;8 BHKY-

,ll;8 Be OTXO.o;HJIH H He mYMeJIH COBceM, a CTOSlJIH IIJIOTHhIMH pSl,ZJ;8MH .

Ii SI,

KOHequo, CTaJI rrOTHXOHbKY BBHHqHB8TLCSl B 3TH

/tUlO). BBOAHhIe CJIOBa -

TOJIIIhI Ii nOCTeneHHO IIPOBHHTHJICSl n06JIH)Ke K CaMOMY rJI8B HOMY. aTO 6hIJIH llTHqKH 8Ma,n;HHbI ... OTKY,ZJ;8 OBH B3S1JIHCb? ORH, uaBepHoe, Hana,n;aJIH C Be68. OHH, HaBepHoe, 6L1JIH oca,n;-

pe'llH ( B aaqaJIe, B cepeAHHe H B KOHD;e npe,ll;JIOmeHHSI) -

KH, 8 nOTOM OjKHJIH • ••

aarrSlThIMH.

Tyr OABa TEh-K8 C 30JIQTbIM 3y60M CK83aJIa Hli C 1'01'0 HH C ce~: - Hy, KaKHe MaJIeHbKHe .•• XYi\ble ••• KYi\a HX •.. R

Bce a8 Bee orJUIHYJIHCb CYPOBO, 8 O,ZJ;HB ,lI;e.o;ymK8 CKpH-

BUJI POT H -

~OBHTO

nporOBOpHJI:

KORe'lHO, KypHD;8 -

OHa rrOJI~e ...

(ITo B.IQ. 4paZl/fiC1CoMY ({BeJlble aMaaWtbl »)

KOBe[mJHO

3TO CMbICJIOBbIe OTpe3KH, KOTopbIe

B YCTHO:e: pe'llH BhI,lJ;eJlJlJOTCJI HHToa8D;ue:e:, a B TIHCbMeHBOH

BBOi\HhIe CJIOBa He S!BJIS!IOTCs! qJIeHaMH npei\JIOlKeHHS!.

•

cxeMe npe,ZJ;JIOmeHHJI BBO,lJ;HhIe CJIOB8 0603Haq8.lOTCSI 6YK-

BOH B: [ B, -

= J. [ - =, B, •• •J. [ - =, BJ •

Y6epennocmu

co 3na..enUeM KeY8epel£H,OCmU "Y8cm8a

KOHe'tJaO

HaBepHOe

K C'tlaCTblO

6eaYCJIOBHO

O'tleBH,lI;HO

K HeCqaCTblO

paaYMeeTCSI

KRmeTCSI

K COm8JIeHHIO

B60{)n".e CJW6a

llO-MoeMY, HCTOPHIO Kam,ltOrO ClIOBa HelIb3R Y3H8Tb, He nOBRB, KaR OHO 06P830B8.JIOCb, Ha KaJ<OH BeTKe tBbIPOClIOt.

(H3 fCnutu «3aHuMameJ1.bHO 0 PYCCfCOM Jl.3bl.fC'e») BBo,n;HhIe CJIOBa H ClIOBOCO'tIeTaHHH Moryr YKa3hIBaTb aa HCTO'lRHK HR4»0pMaU;HH:

BepOSITHO

63ZJ!JI{). no CJl06aM /cOZO'/iu(iyOb H

• aaBepHO.e.

B03MOJKHO MOmeT 6bITb

liP .

275. npOLfIo1TaH OTPblBOK 1013 CKa3t(H C.A. nlo1caxoBa • • KaK Tbl AYMaewb, eCTb 11101 KaKoe-HIo16YAb npoTIo1BOpeLfl<1e S SbICKa3blsaHIo1101 rnaSHoro repoSt? • Hanlo1wH CBOH OTseT. ~cnonb3YH SBOAHble cnoaa: nO-MoeMY, no MoeMY MHeHHIO, 803MO)KH(), HaaepHoe • • rpacplo14ecKH 0603Ha4b B&OAHble cnoaa.

271. EL14e pa3 npO"iHTaH reKCT 8 paMKe Ha c. 143 . • CpasHH ero C TeKCTOM 06 o6paU\eHHH (c. 140) . • 'iro o6U\ero Y BBOAHblX enOB lot 06paw.eHHH? nOSVOTOBb YCTHO Cast3HOe BbICKa3bISa-

HHe Ha

nO-MoeMY. no MoeMY MnenUKJ. na MOil.

lTy reM y.

KaK non pa60THHI.\Y HIiHHM8.JI 212. np04HTaH reKer. nOAYMaH HaA era CMblCllQM H Hacrpoe-.

Te6e, ,n;eBKa, )KHTbe y MeaH 6YAeT JIerROe, He CTOJIbKO pa-

HHeM • • CnHwH reKCT, paCCraal1f1f1 HeAOCTatow.He 3HaKH npemtHaHHfI . • 0603Ha4b BBOAHble cnoaa H o6paw.eHl-ifl.

BhI KOHeqao JIIo6uTe JIeTo? HaBepaoe

BaM apaBHTCH

JIhIe ,lJ;HH -3eJIeaaH TpaBa JIaCKOBaSi pe'llKR H

meJIThIH

60T8Th, CROlIhKO OTAhlxaTh 6Y,IJ;emhl

Teu-

oTAhIxaH! 3aBTpaK-YTpeHHHK COCTpHnaemb, C8MOBap corpeemb, Hac C MaTymKoH 38BTPaJ<OM a8RopMHmb H - CIIH, OT,IJ;hI-

neCOK?

TarAa 6eaYCJIOBHO 3BMa ,l1;JUI Bac THHeTCH 6eCKoHettHO ,n;OJII'O, H BhI AYMaeTe, qTO OHa He KOHlIHTCSI HUKorAa.

Moil

xaH! B nOJIe nop860Taemb, B oropo,n;e nOnOJIemb, ROJIH aHMOH - aa APOB8MH, a8 ceHOM C'bea,IJ;Hmb - cnH, OT,lJ;bIXaii!

,n;oporoH

,n;pyr cnemy ycnoKoHTb Bac: lIeTO K CtIaCTbID HacTynaeT Kam,n;blH ro,n;l

Em;e

273.

• nOA"IepKHIo1 8 CaOeM TeKCTe opcporpaMMbl a OKOHLfaHIo1StX rna-

HeMHoro TepneHHH •••

CocTasb npeAJlO>KeHIo1St no cxeMaM.

[01 -

[B, -

... J?

~ ~

... J.

[ 0, - - .-.[-, B,

'YTPOM BCT8.Hemb KaJ< nOA06aeT -,IJ;O CBeTY. Ha6y BblMoemb, ,IJ;BOP y6epemb, KOPOB nO,IJ;OIDnb, B XJIeBY y6epihIIbCH H - CnH,

... J .

274.

ronoa.

100 _MOeMY no MoeMY MueHHIO

276.

npOLfHTaH TeKCT • • OnpeAel1lo1 era Tlo1n • • 06'bACHH csotO T04KY 3peHHSt, Io1cnol1b3YSt SBOAHble cnoaa.

npOLfIo1TaH TeKCT. 06paTIo1 SHIo1MaHlo1e Ha ablAeneHHble aaOAHble cnoaa • • OnpeAenlo1 3Ha4eHlo1e, KOTopoe OHIo1 aHOCStT

no HMeHH .n:HOHHCHH H no np03BHII\Y MaJIblH. B TY nopy B

a npeAJlo>t<eHlo1e .

PHMe CtIHT8.JIH ro,n;hI OT OCH_B8HHH PHMa. ,ll;HOHHCHH M8JIhIH

IIoJITophI TblCH'tIH JIeT aa38_ »tUJI B PHMe Y"I_HhIH MOU8X

p_mHJI, tITO XPHCTH8He He ,lJ;_JI»tHhI onpJI;eJIHTh BpeMH no

Ha MOR BarJUI,lJ;, CnpaBe,lJ;lIHBhI ClIOBa o,n;Horo H3 repoeB

M8.KCHMa rOpbKoro:

PHMCKOH ape. OH npe,n;JI_jKHJI H_tI8Tb HOBYIO apy OT rOAa p _ )KAeHHH HHCYC8 XpHCT8. C 3TOro BpeMeHH Bce C06hITHH B

.ClIoBa, ,n;pymHm;e, - aTO K8K lIHCTbJI aa ,n;epeBe, H, 'tITOt)hI nOBRTb, nOqeMY lIHCT TaROB, a ae HHOH, aymHo 3aaTb, KaK

aana,lJ;HOeBpOneilcKHx ,lJ;OKYMeHT8x CT8JIH,lJ; . - THpOBaTb cOT

pacTeT ,lJ;epeBO, aymHo ytlHTbCRI,.

POlKlleCTBa XpHCTOBa •• • HaqaTb

• KaK H3MeHI-1TCSI CMblCIl TeKCTa, eCIlH A06aBHTb B Hero BBOAHble cnoBa KaHCeTCSI, no-MoeMY, HaBepHOe? • BblnHWH CIlOBa C nponycKaMH, rpaq:,W"leCKH 0603Ha4b YCIlOBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM . .

277.

CmtWH TeKCT, BCTaBIlSlSl, rAe 3TO B03MO>KHO, BBoAHble

CIlOBa • • 0603Ha4b HX rpacpH4eCKH .

eJIOBO «AYIll3.l) HMeeT HeCKOJIbKO 3H_ qeHHH. ,II;yma BHYTpeHHHH MHp qeJlOBeKa. ,II;yma -

9TO

aTO B,lI;_XHOBHTeJIb qerO-HH6Y,lI;b B BbIItlmeHHH

«Ayma 06w;eCTBa» . Bblp_ meHHe 4,l1;yma HapacnamKY» 06 OtIeHb oTKptpeHHoM

(

C"'HTaKcH~ecK"'H pa360p npocToro npejlnOlKeHHII

KaKlo1e 3HaKH npem1HaHHA ABIlSItOTCSI

ABO~HbIMH - pa3AenH-

BH,lI; npe,l1;JlOmeHI1SI no U;eJIH BblCKaablBaHH.fI (noBecTBoBa-

TeJIbHOe, BorrpOCHTeJIbHOe, no6Y,l1;HTeJIbHoe).

2. BH,lI; rrpeAJIOmeH HSI no 3MOII;HOHaJIbHOH oKpacKe (BOCKJlHIJ,a TeJIbHOe, HeBOCKJIHn;aTeJIbHoe). I

§ 29.

KaKHe CMblCIlOBble oTpe3KH B npOCTOM npeAIlO>KeHHIo1 paaae-

o6paw.eHHeM?

II opsliJo" paa60pa npocmozo npeo.J<OJlCelWR

l1..MeHHo 3,l1;eCb nOM_w;aJlaCb ,lI;yrua 'tIeJIOSeKa. (H 3 «:3mU.Mo.JWZUtteCKOZO CJ/,06apSI,» )

rpynITDI no 3HaQeH1UO

LITO Ha3blBaeTCSI

y Hero 3a naayxoH. 3H_qelille CJlOBa 4 Aymat B aTOM c.rryqae - ' 1 SIMO'tlKa2 Ha IDee, HaA rpYAHOH KOCT_10 , rro,ll; Ka,ll;bIK6M*.

KJIIO'IeSble CJJOBa TeMbI: BbI)l.eJIHTeJlbHble 3HaKH CMhlCJIOBOH OTpe30K npenHHaHHSI BBO,ll;HbIe CJIOBa

KaKHe CIlOBa Ha3blBalOTCSI BBOAHbIMIo1?

TeIlbHble HIlH BbIAeIlHTeIlbHble?

paCCTerHYTbIM BOP_TOM py6axH, He 60SI~erocSI nOK_3aTb, qTO

ere nponyeKOB.

10.

q eJlOBeKe nepBOHaq8JI_ HO 6yKBaJI_HO 0603H_tIaJIO qeJIOBeKa C

/1.nR cnpaBOK: KOHe"'lHO, OyeBHAHO . • rpacpH"'IeCKH 0603Ha4b YCIlOBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha Me-

KaKHe 4IleHbi npeA110>KeHHSI Ha3blBalOTCSI OAHOPOAHbIMH?

KaKHe npeAJ10>KeHHSI Ha3blBalOTCSI pacnpocTpaHeHHblMH?

nAIOTCSI 3anSlToH, a KaKlo1e BblAenJiIOTCJI 3anSlTb1MIo1?

9TO tIeJIOBeK C onp~e

JleHHblMH CBOHCTBaMH, KaK B CJIOBOCOtIeTaHHH «A06paSI AYrna» . p;yma -

S. 6. 7.

I ~'

3. IIpocToe. 4 . PacnpocTpaHeHHo e HJIH HepacnpocTpaHeHHoe. 5. ¥KaaaTb, eCT.b JIH B npe,l1;JIOmeHHH O,l1;HOpO,l1;HbIe

'tIJIeHbI,

BBO,ll;Hble CJIOBa, 06pa w;eHHSI.

¥RaaaTb rpaMMaTHl.IeCKYIO OCHOBY. Onpe,l1;eJIHTb, l.IeM

BbIpameHbI rrO,ll;JIemam;ee H cKa3yeMoe.

OxapaKTepHaoBaTb rpynny nO,l1;JIema.m;ero (BTopocTeneH-

H ble 'tIJIeHbI, OTHOCSIID;HecSI K nO,ll;JIemaID;eMY).

OXap8.KTepH30BaTb rpynrry CRaayeMoro (BTopocTerreHHbIe

QJIeHbI, OTHOCSIID;HecSI K cKa3yeMoMY).

06paae4 pa360pa npocmozo npeOROJICeltUSl npHlI. CYIQ· @ rll. CYIQ. (3) rJl. CYIQ .. BeCeltltRR Booa np0ltuKRa noo cltez u paa6vouRa RREJ:.... "'\/\/'.../',/\./......rv" _ ._._._._,_ monICa.

OrBeTb Ha BonpOCbl, npHBOASI CBOH npHMepbl.

1. 2. 3.

KaKoe npeAflo»<eHHe SlBIlSleTCSI npoeTblM? LITO SlBIlSleTCSI rpaMMaTH4eCKOH OCHOBOH npeAJ10>KeHHSI? Ha KaKHe rpynnbl AeIlSlTCSI npeAJ10>KeHHSI no Ll,eIlH Bb1CKa3bl-

BaHHSI? 4. Ha KaKHe rpynnbl AeIlSlTCSI npeAJ10>KeHHSI no 3MOLl,HOHaIlbHoH oKpacKe?

- - -

(M. M.

IIpHWBIIH)

(TIpe,lI.JIOmeHHe nOBeCTBOBaTeJIbHOe, HeBOCKJlHn;aTeJIbHOe, rrpOCToe, pacnpocTpaHeHHoe, C O,lI.HOPOAHbIMH cKaayeMbIMH.)

[ ~-v

- @ -.-.-

@ - - - ].

278.

,IJ;eTcTBo

npO"'t"naH TeKCT. OnpeAenJo1 era TJo1n • • BblnOI1HJo1 CHHTaKCJo1-

"'teCKJo1H pa360p YKa3aHHbi x npeAIlO>KeHJo1H. HaBepHOe, BpeMH ,lI;06PhIX BOJIme6H HKoB n p o mJIo : " meT 6hITh, HX HHKOr,ll;a H He 6hIJIO

MO-

caMOM ,lI;eJIe. Bee 3TO

BhI,lI;YMaJIH ,lI;JIH MaJIeHbKHX ,lI;eTeH. HeKoTophIe q,OKYCHHKH YMeJIH 06MaHbIBaTb BCSiKHX aeBaK, H 3THX q,OKYCHHKOB

rrpH-

HHM8JIH aa KOJI,lI;y-HOB H BOJIme6HHKOB.

RhlJI TaKOH ,lIOKTOP r acrrap ApRepH. HaRBHhle JIIO,lIH, HpMap O'tJHhIe ryJIHKH , CTY,lI;e H'l'hI C'tJHTaJIH ero BOJIme6HHK OM . '" ,IJ;OK-

BO cae MHe CHHTCH

'IY,lIRhle KpaH. M MBaR IJ;apeBH'l 3TO 6Y,lITO H.

TOl.lHO map, I'OPHT.

BOT rrepe/10 MROIO

IIpblraeT B TOR KJIeTKe,

l..JY,lI;HhlH cM U;BeTeT ,

BeceJIo nOeT,

B TOM c aAY 60JIbillOe ,n;epeBo pacTeT.

HPKHM, t{Y,lI;HbIM cBeToM

TOp ,lI;eJI8JI Y,lI;HBHTeJIbHble Bem;H . " Ro, KOH eTIHO , OH He HMeJI HHTIel'O 06m;ero C BOJIme6HHKaMH 11

mapJIa TruraMH .

,n;OKTOP racrrap ApRepH 6hIJI yqeRhIH. KalKeTCH, OR HayqHJI OKOJIO CTa Hay-K.

o era yqeHocTH aHaJIH MHorMe JIIO,lI;H: H MeJIbHHK, H COJI,lI;aT,

CTaSOM.

Kmo'lesLJe CJlOBa TeMLI:

B aTOH KJIeTKe nTH~a,

Ca/1 BeCb 06/1ah. ( H.H. CYPu/COB)

HHX I-Iacnt CnO>KHoro npeAIlo>t<eHJo1S1? • KaKJo1MJo1 ew.e cpeAcTsaMH MoryT COeAJo1HSlTbCS1 l-IaCTJo1 CnO>KHOro npeAIlo>t<eHJo1R? KaK pa3AenSlIOTCR l-IaCTH Ha nHcbMe? npJo1AYMaH 101 3anHWH CBOJo1 npJo1Mepbl. • CocTasb nnaH OTBeTa Ha Bonpoc «LITO SI 3HalO 0_ CI10>t<HOM npeA-

(IIo lO.K. O.Jtewe «Tpu TO.JtcmJ<'w») nOA6~pJo1 ew,e 2-3 npJo1Mepa C nOA06HbIMJo1 opcporpaMMaMJo1. • HaHAH a TeKCTe Cl10sa, nOCTpoeHHble no cxeMe: ,~A, O , ,---' ~ A,/\ O . nOA6epJo1 Cl10aa C TaKJo1M >Ke co-

Ha cyqKe BHCHT,

• C ocTaab cxeM bl CnO>KHbIX npeAIlO>KeHJo1H • • KaK coeAHHeHbl B

H ,lI;aMbI, H MHHHCTphI . '

• BblnJo1WJo1 1013 TeKCTa C110Ba C opcporpaMMaMJo1 B KopHe CI10B.

30JIOTaH KJIeTKa

nO>KeHHJo1». PaCCKa>t<H 0 CnO>KHOM npeAIlO>KeHHJo1 no 3TOMY nnaHy. (Pp) 280. nOApo6Hoe Jo13flo>+<eHJo1e TeKCTa-noseCTBOSaHJo1J1 • • npOI-lJo1TaH TeKCT. KaKJo1e npH3HaKH rOBopSiT a TOM, I-ITO 3TO TeKCT-nOSeCTBOSaHJo1e? nOArOTOSbCR K nOAP06HOMY nJo1CbMeHHOMY nepeCKa3Y (1013nO>KeHJo1IO) 3Toro TeKCTa. ~cnonb3YH naMRTKy Ha c. 203.

CHHTaKCIIC

Ap6aT

npOCToe npe,uJIOmeHHe Ap6aT -

paa60p

0.n;H8 H3 caMblX 3HaMeHHThIX YJIHIJ; MOCKBbl. )];0

CHX ,n op yqeHhIe cnopHT 0 3H, 8qeHHH ee HaaBaHHH . Cym;ecTBYeT MHeHHe, t{TO, CJIOBO tap6aT .. a pa6cKoro npOHcxom.n;eHHH II

§ 30. CnOHCHoe npeAnOHCeHHe

03HaQ8eT tnpHrOpO,ll;bl • • B CTapHHY aT8 MeCTHOCTb B caMOM .n;eJIe HBJIHJIaCb npHropo.n;8.MH MOCKBhI . BepoHTHo, 3TO CJIOBO aaHeCJIH K HaM BOCT OQHble Kyn~bI.

279.

npO"'tJo1TaH CTJo1XOTSOpeHJo1e. KaKYIO KapTJo1HY AeTcTsal

B meCTHa.o;u;aTOM H ceMHa.o;u;aTOM BeK8X Ha YJIHn;e mHJIH

HapJo1COBan aBTop? KaKJo1M HacTpoeHlo1eM OHa npOHHKHYTa?

CTpeJIbI\hl. 06HTaJIH 3/1eCb H peMeCJIeHHHKH, Cpe/1H RliX OhIJIH

HaHAJo1 H npO"'tJo1TaH CHal-lal1a npOCTble npeAIlO>KeHHSI, 3aTeM CI10>KHble. KaK Tbl Jo1X pa311Jo1l-1aeWb? • AOKa>t<H, I-ITO l-IaCTb

.o;BopU;OBhIe llJIOTHHKH, cepe6pSlHblx .o;eJI MaCTepa. 06 aTOM Ha-

CI10>KHOrO npeAIlo>t<eHJo1S1 SlsnSleTCSI CMbicnOSblM oTpe3KOM .

6bIJIa necQaaOH, Hey.n;06HoH ,lJ,JI.fI 3eMJIe.n;eJIHH . 06 aTOM paCCKa-

rrOMHHaIOT Cepe6pHHhIH H IIJIOTHHKOB nepeyJIKK. IIot{Ba 3.o;ecb 3blBaeT HaM CnaconeCKOBCKHH nepeYJIOK.

148

T Ap6aT 6hIJI aRCTpOeH ,lI;epeBHHHhIMH ,o;OMaMH, 80 BpeMH

nOTOM Ha qepHoM MOpe. 3. HaCTaHHHKOM HaxHMoBa 6bIJ1 nepBOOTKpbIBaTeJIb AHTapKTH,/\hI KRnHTRH MHx8HJI IIeTpoBH'l JIaaapeB. 4. M.II. JIaaapeB H II.C. HaxHMoB Ha TpeXMa'lTOBOM

1812 rOlla Bce OHH CrOpeJIH. IIocJIe 3Toro Ha YJII:Il\e nOSlBHJIli:Ch HOBbIe npeKpaCHhIe a,n;aHHH. B O,ll;HOM 1:13 ~aKHX OC06HSIKOB B 1831 rOilY HeKOTopoe BpeMSI lftHJI A.C. IIy'mKHH

nolftapa

napycHoM

co cHoeH MOJIO,ll;OH meHoH. B KOHl\e lIeBSITHRI\l\aTOro BeKa Ap6a'\' npeBpaTHJICSI B OIlHY apfiaTCKBe

nepeYJIKH OllHCaBbI MHOI'HMH PYCCKH-

281.

cneAYIOL1V1x

CbtmUHY

«HcmopUJl

MOCKOBCICUX

(IIo B.H.

COlt08bii8y)

• CocTasb cxeMbl OAHoro npocToro 101 oAttoro cno>t<Horo np~_ nO>KeHIo1J1. CKonbKo CMblcnOBblX oTpe3Ko8 B CnO>KHOM "peATlO>t<eHJ.1J.1? KaK Tbl 3TO onpeAenJ.1n? • Ha~ 101 Bblnlo1WH cnOBa, nOCTpoeH_ Hble no cxeMaM:I ~ /\0 , I~ I\[J. nOA6epH 101 3anHWIo1 no 2-3 cnosa C TaKIo1MIo1 >t<e cxeMaMIo1.

MH llHCRTeJISlMH H n03TaMH.

(llo II.B.

CY,ll;He cOBepWHJIH KpyrocBeTHoe nYTemecTBHe.

1:13 caMhIX OmHBJIeHHhIX TOproBblX yJIH~ MOCKBbI. Ap6aT 1:1

y.n.uq») I,

CMbicnOBblX oTpe3KoB COCTaab CnO>KH~··

CJlOatBOe npenJIoaceHHe COCTOHT H3 UeCKOJIbKHX qacTeA _

npeAflO>KeHHSI.

CMhlCJIOBhlX oTpeaKoB, Ofi'he,ll;HHeHHhlx no CMldCJIY Ii e,o;HHOH HHToHan;HeR aaBepmeHHH. KaJK,lJ;hlH CMhICJIOBOH oTpeaoK B HeM HBJISieTCSI npOCThlM npe,lJ;JIO>KeHHeM.

1. B 1609 roilY Ha POCCHlO HanaJIH nOJISlKH 1:1 mSe,lJ;bl

2. IIpaBHTeJIH·6oSIpe BCry-

STO fiblJIa HaCTOSIII~aH H3Me-

't{aCTH CJIOJKHOro npe,l.l;JIO>KeHHH MOryT Coe,ltHHSiTbCH C nOMO-

'tJaCTH CJIO>KHoro npe,n;JIOmeHHSI p8a,lJ;eJISiIOTCJI ua DHCbMe aB8.KaM.H npenHHB.HHJI.

JIIO,lI;H TpefioB8.J1H HaKaaRTb '

nHJlH C BparOM B crosop 3. B HapOlle Ha'lanOCb He-

6oHp-H3MeHHHKoB

6hIBaJIOe BOJIHeHHe

POCCHIO , nO,ll;eJIHTb II npHCOe,l(HHHTb K CBORM BJIR,ZJ;e-

ORR MetITaJIH

UJ;blO HHToaan;HH HJIB: C nOMO~blO HUTOHa.D;HH H COlOaOB.

aaBoeBaTb

IIemyl.uo/C Y?OMO/tU8CS. jjJ,jI& Jamux . u Jll!llQ sa6blJlCS.

(A.C.IIymKlm) [ - ~ p, [

HHHM

1',

[

1'.

283. CnJ.1WIo1, BCTaSnJlA nponyw.eHHble 6YKSbl, 3HaKI1 npenl1HaHHA •

• 3am1wH npeAflO>KeHIotSI. rpaq,lo1l-1eCKH 0603Ha'"lb rpaMMaTH4eCKHe OCHOBbl H cpeAcTsa CBSl3J.1 '"IaCTea:i cno>t<Horo npeAI1o>t<eHJ.1A. • COCTasb cxeMbl npeAno>t<eHJ.1a:i • • nOA'"IepKHJ.1 opcporpaMMbl B KOPHAX cnOB.

B MocKBY C nOCJIe,lJ;Hero H_'lIJIera JI_x8Si TPORK8 M'lIHT MeBSI. MOP030M CKOBaHa 3_MJIJI

282 . npO'"lJ.1Taa:i npeAIlo>t<eHJ.1A • • BblnJ.1WJ.1 CHa4ana npocTble

no BeH, 3Byqa, K8THT TeJIera3.

npeAflo>t<eHJ.1A, 3aTeM - cno>t<Hble • • rpacpJ.14eCKJ.1 o603Ha'"lb rpaMI MaTJ.14eCKJ.1e OCHOBbl.

'lIero-To JR.D;eT .D;yma MOH •••

CKBoab CJIea rJI_lftY Ha IIpeBHHH rpRI\ ' . BOT OH, cBJl;eTeJIb B_JIH'lIaBhlH

1. POCCHHCKHH <!>JIOTOBOllel\ IIaBeJI CTenaHOBH'l HaxHMoB

H PYCCKHX 6ell H PYCCKOH CJIaHhI H I'OpeC_HhIx MOHX YTpaT ...

e~e pefieHKoM nOJIlOfiHJI BO,!];Y OB MHoro H nO,!];OJIry KynaJICSi CTPOHJI H3 KaMBeR I'JIHBbl Ii neCK8 aanpy,!];hI nyCKB..1I 6yM8>KI Hble KopafiJIHKH. 2. CHa'llana HaxHMOB CJIY jK H Jt Ha BaJITHKe

•

(H.H. Klt/oULHU/c08)

.,.

285.

• COCTaBb CXeMbl CnO>KHbIX npeAllO>KeHHH . • rpacpw"4ecKH 060· 3HaLtb ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB. /

CnumH TeRCT, BCTaBJISlSI npony:m;eHHhIe 6YXBhI,

paCRpbIBaSl cRo6KH Ii paCCTaBJISISI 3HaKH npeIIHuaUHSI. H _CJIe,l1;HHK 2 TYTTH HHKOr,l1;a (ue)CJIbImaJI B_CeJIOro

IIOpHiJOK pa360pa 1.

3BOHKOro CMexa. TOJI KO HHor,n;8 AO Hero ,I1;OH CUJICSI XOX T

CJW:JICnOZO npeoJW:JICenUR

K8.Roro-HH6Y,Zl;b n_SlHoro KOJI6acUHKa HJIH CaMHX T_JICTSIKOB.

BH,n; npeAJIOmeHHSI no II;eJIH BbICKa3bIBaHHSI (noBecTBoB8-

Ho pa3Be 3TO Momuo 6LIJIO H83B8Tb 1 cMexoMI STO 6hIJI

TeJlbHOe, II06y,n;HTeJIbHOe, BonpocHTeJIbHoe).

YlKac HLIH peB H TyTTH OqeHL nyrllJICJI.

BH,II npewrolKeHHH no SMOI\HOHIIJILHOH oKpacKe (BOCKJIH-

YJIhl611JIaCL TOJILKO KYKJIa HO yJILI_Ka KYKJILI' (He)Ka3l1JIaCL

n;aTeJIbHOe HJIH HeBOCKJIHll,aTeJIbHoe) .

T _JICTSlKaM onac_HoH .

CJIOlKHoe.

KOJIHtIecTBO tI8CTeii B COCTaBe CJIOmHOrO npe,lVIOmeHHSI,

K p oMe Toro, KYKJI8 M_JIqSJI8. OHa

OR HHqerO (ue)3H8JI 0 HapO.D;e 0 H_:m;eTe 0 r_JIO,ll;HhIX ,I1;eTHX 0 KpecT_SlHax.

CJIomuoro IIpe,n;JIOmeHHSI).

TPH T_JICTHKS X_TeJIH B_CIIHT8Tb 3JIoro mecTOKoro H_CJIe,l1;HHRa. ,

Cpe,llCTBa CBH3H qaCTeH (HHToHaI\HH, COI03L1). 3HRKH npenHHaHHH. CxeMa npe,llJIOlKeHHH.

(ITo IO.K. OAewe «Tpu TOACmJllca»)

06pa3e[j pa360pa CJlO:JICH.OZO 1}peoJlo:JICenUR

• BblnonHH pa360p CnO>KHbIX npeAllO>KeHHH.

286. npOLtHTai1 TpH rpynnbl npeAllO>KeHHH. C KaKoH u,enbfO

Bbtlta 3uMa l • 11.0 Bce noclteanue anu cm08,1la ommeneJu,2"

(ll.A.

(He)MOrJIa 6L1 pa_ cKa3aTL H_ CJIe,llHHKy TyTTH 0 MHOrHX B_lI1ax .

HX rpaHHII;hI (BbI,n;eJIHTb rpaMM8THtIeCKHe OCUOBbI B tIaCTSlX

5. 6. 7.

BYHHH)

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(ITo H.C. TypZeH.e8Y)

152

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153

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287. PaccMoTp101 Ta6muJ.Y • • OxapaKTep1013YH 3HaKH npen101HaHHM.

mJIOCb MHe npoc~eTb nOllTH n;e JIbIH ,lI;eHb H3- aa He.lLcTaTK8

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an ynp. 246, 247 H Ta6nHLlY ynp . 287 .

§ 31. CpeAcTla CBUH 'faCTeH cnOIKHoro npeAnolKeHHA

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•

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3_ B

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pax YCTBOH H nHCb-

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. npo ce6S1 H

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THe .n;eikTBHJl, OCTPbIH MOMeHT (KYJIbMHHaU;HIO), cna.n; .n;eli-

(H3 Ylle6nUfca ((l{emCKaR pumOpUfCaJ) noB peOaKlI,UeU T A . JI aObt:HCenCKOu.)

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C KeM-JIH60,

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cTByeT CTHJIh?

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mpH<pToM, T8.K KaK OHH JlBJI&IOTCH KJIlOlJeBhIMH ; -

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(TepMHHOB), ynoTpe6JIeHHe CJIOB B lIX

Y3HaTb TeKCT Hayq-

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XOAY '"ITeHHSJ . L1.enb rBoero '"IreHHSI -

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o Sl3blKe H pe'"lH.

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IIP- (Ecm. IIU opyzue npU3 ..aICU?) • KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nO'"leMY TaKoe '"ITeHHe Ha3blBaeTCSI H3y'ta-

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TeKCT H BonpOChI no XOAY ttTeHHH

a63a~y Kam.n;bIH pa3, nOJIb 3YHCb H3bIKOM,

(ICaICue 3/Ce amo mpu lfeIlU?)

170

IOlqHM? • 0 6 parH BHHMaHHe Ha cnOBa, BblP,eneHHble' CBeTnblM KYPCHaOM . liTO OHIo1 AalOT AJ1S1 nOHHMaHHst TeKCTa? • nocne H3Y'"IatOw.ero t.treHHSJ TeKCTa onpeAenH, AOCTHr mt fbi u,el1H . liT06bl onpeAe-

AJI" KaKHX ~e

nHTb, nOHSJn nH Tbl TeKeT, OTBeTb Ha nOMew.eHHbIH B npaBoa:1 KonOH-

n e li HCn OJIb3yeTc H

Ke Bonpoc K Ka >KAOMY a63a 4Y . liTO HOBoro Tbl Y3Han 0 Sl3blKe H

"3LIK?

pe'"lH? LjTO ew.e XOTen 6bl Y3HaTb B CBSJ3H C 3THM?

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n pSIMblX 3H8tIeHHSlX (a n01£eMY 8

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BOtIRHKH .

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316.

CTOM B paMKe Ha c.

170

HnH naMSlTKoii Ha c.

§ 34.

KorAa 'tleJIOaeK HayttaeT H3bIK, Kam,o;oe HOBoe CJIOBO OB Y3HaeT JIH60 OT ,o;pyroro QeJIOBeK8, JIH60 H3 CJIOB8pH. Tottao T8K8H ate CHTy~HH B M8TeMaTHKe. Kam,n;oe aOBoe CJIOBO MaTeMaTH'tleCKOrO H3hIKa cne:qH8JIbHO paa'bHCHHeTCSI. llpe,o;JIOmeHHH, B KOTOPbIX pa3'bHCHSleTCH aH8'tleHHe HOBhIX

1. -

CJIOB, B M8TeMaTHKe H83hIBatoT onpe~eJJeHHHMH. MaTeM8THtIeCKHX onpe,o;eJIeHHH MhI yme 3HaeM ,o;OBOJIbHO

Ka H C cOKpymeHHeM rJIH,o;H Ha HHX.

i1eHHSI).

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a (onpe,o;eJIeHHe npOH3Be-

paa'bJICHHeTCH C IIOMOru;blO aHaKOMbIX , 4: CTaphlX t MOB.

- HetI8HHHO ypOHHJI; OB H pa36HJICB, 'tlTO >K 3a 6e,o;a?

a II b HaaLIBaeTCH TaKoe 'tlHCJIO C, KOTopoe npll CJIOmeBHH C b ,n;aeT a (onpe,o;eJIeHHe pa3HocTH). IIpOH3Be.1l:eBHeM a . b ttHCeJI a H b BaaLlBaeTCH CYMMa b CJIa'tlRCeJI

raeMblX, Kam,o;oe H3 KOTOPbIX paDHO

KTO Te6B npOCHJI TporaTb MCJH Be:r:qH? - CRa3M Bome,o;-

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a-b

H AHanorH~eCKaA pe~~

npO~HTaH H cpaBHH ABa TeKCTa. B KaKOM CTHne OHH HanHcaHbl? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKO~ H3 HHX HanHcaH B q:,opMe AHanora, a KaKO~ - B q,opMe MOHonora? (npH OTBeTe Ha 3TOT Bonpoc Hcnonb3Y~ onpeAeneHHe B paMKe Ha c. 174.) KaKoH XYAo>KeCTBeHHoH u,enH cnY>KaT AHanor H MOHonor B AaHHblX xYA0>KeCTBeHHblX npoH3BeAeHHSlx? • KaKHe npH3HaKH nHcbMeHHoH AHanor~~ecKoH H MOHonorH~ecKoH pe~H MO>KHO Ha6nlOAaTb Ha npHMepe 3TH X TeKCTOS?

204 y~e6HHKa.

Onpei1eJIeHHSI

Pa3BOCTbIO

MOHonorH~ecKaA

H YJIhI6HYJICB, XOTSI MHe COBceM He XOTeJIOCh YJIbl6aTbCH. Aa. Te6e HRtIero. a MHe qero, - npo,o;OJIm8JI BOJIo,o;B,

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(IIo JIB. TOAcmoMY «Ompo<€cm8o.)

2. -

• KaK Tbl AYMaewb, KaKoe APyroe cOAep>KaHlo1e Morno 6bl 6blTb Y TeKCTa C Ha3BaHHeM «OnpeAeneHlo1e»? • nepeCKa>KH TeKCT no nnaHY,

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>KaHpe

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npaMO paC:QBeJIa OT y,o;OBOJIbCTBHH. -

npJ.1 nepeCKa3e Tbl 6YAewb

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173

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C Tex nop, KOr,lJ;a H qHT8lO 3TH CTHXH, Bce paBH6

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AHaJlor -

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319. npOYJ.1Ta~

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Tome

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B.te . .o.parYHCKOMY

ne-

peAaTb 3TO C nOMOl14btQ npOCToro, 6YAHJ.1~HOrO, HeMHorocnOBHO_

'tIHKR •• •

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(B.lO.l{pazyncfCuu «Tuxa YICpaUItCfCaR HO'Lb»)

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Ha CJL06apR unocmpanublx CJLoe: ,l(HaJlOr (OT zpe"'L. dialogos:«,l{Ha. CJlOBO, pelJb), ,lJ;ManOr -

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- 'tJepea, CRBoab, .JIomc. -

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MOHoJlor

(OT zpell. monologos : i<MOHOC. - O,lJ;HH, i<JIoroc. -

pe'tJb), MOHOJIor -

3tB.

- 3,ltpaBcTBYH, MOH MaJIbqHK! KaK Thl TyT IIo.mHBaJI 6ea MeHSI?

paaBepHYToe BbICKaabIBaHHe O,lJ;HOrO JIHD;a.

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310. CTHxoTBopeHJ,.{e Onera rpHropbesa

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176

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§ 35.

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326.

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325.

npO"iHTai1 Clloaa a CTo116101Kax. OHH

S3~Tbl 1013 «Cll0sa-

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npOY ... Tai1 Cllosa. KaKHe H3 HHX SlSllS1tOTCR CHHOH ... MaMH?

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Hhe, CYMeTh, Bem;li, cepe.n;liHa, nomHTKH, y'tIHTh, KJlHH'tIHTh, ynJleT8Th, ay6pHTh, eCTh, npOCHTh, yHMa.

CTHJlL - aTO Te npH3H8KH TeKCTa, no KOTOPhIM MhI OTJIl'I'tIaeM,

• nOAYMai:t, 'ieM OTm1'iaIOTC~ napbl cnOa-CJ.1HOHJ.1MOB: TonbKO ynoTpe6neHJ.1eM a pe'iJ.1 J.1nJ.1 ynoTpe6neHJ.1eM J.1 OTTeHKaMJ.1 neK01'ieCKOrO 3Ha'ieHJ.1~ • • 0603Ha'ib B cnOBax J.13BeCTHbie Te6e opq,orpaMMbl.

HanpHMep, paaroBopHyro pellb OT aayqHOH HJIH xy.n;OjKecTBeH _

327.

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1. -

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KaKJ.1e cnoaa YMeCTHbl a HaYYHOM CTl1ne 11 HeYMecTHbl B pa3roBopHoM lot Ha06opoT? 2. KaKl1e C110aa ynoTpe6nsllOTc~ ao Bcex CHI11f1X? 3. n03HaKoMbc~ C COAep>KaHl1eM TeKCTOB B paMKax Ha c. 181. PaCCKa>Klot, B KaKJ.1X cHTyaI.V1~X o6w.eHJ.1~ Tbl Hcno11b3yewb pa3roBOPHbli:t CTJ.111b.

- MeHlI? - KOJIli 06Hl\eJICli. - 'II Hee 'ITO? KorTH? A Y Me· HH

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328.

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