Institute for European Studies Annual Report 2019

ANNUAL REPORT 2019

INSTITUTE FOR EUROPEAN STUDIES

Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel

MISSION STATEMENT

As a Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, the IES aims to provide research, education and academic services that are focused on the European Union in an international setting and recognised for their quality, multidisciplinarity and policy relevance.

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

“The times, they are a-changin’”. Bob Dylan’s words from over half a century ago – incidentally the time when the VUB was created - couldn’t be more timely than now. With the geopolitical liberal order in flux and a European Union facing its first (Br)exit since the creation of the Steel and Coal communities in 1952, one can hardly say that we are living in a stable environment. I’m not even mentioning continuous disinformation, fake news, migration crises, trade wars and climate change – to name but a few … Yet we have the moral duty to remain optimistic. The bright side is indeed that for the scholars, researchers and students at the Institute for European Studies, these times are extremely interesting. Interesting enough to critically analyse and investigate, and to come up with policy advice that is matured thorough research. Because this is what makes the IES different from other research institutions and think tanks: we are able to combine scholarly research with policy-oriented output, marrying the best of both (university and think-tank) worlds. This makes us a well-sought after institution that remains an attraction pole for many scholars worldwide.

Karel De Gucht, IES President

Our optimism is thus backed by facts. And it is only getting better. Now that the UK has left the European Union, the real work has to commence (those that thought that Brexit meant the end of their proverbial suffering will soon be proven wrong: it’s the start!). How will our future relations be with the second largest economy of the European continent? What does Brexit mean for our negotiating position in environmental or climate-change related issues? Does it have an impact on our security? On our defence? On migration ? On trade negotiations worldwide ? … These and many more questions are being posed, not only by our friends in the home country of Adam Smith, but by scholars, politicians, economists and the public at large worldwide. Hence the increased interest in our Institute by governments and institutions from the US, South Korea and Japan. Not only because of Brexit of course, but because of our larger take on the EU in the world. Our research themes of climate change and energy, security and defence, migration and identity, and economic governance are timely and universal, and appeal to many students and scholars around the world.

So despite the numerous challenges threatening the EU and the turbulent waters it has found itself in, the Institute is doing well. And we are on the road to do even better, as the times were a-changin’ in 2019 for the IES as well.

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

First and foremost, the Institute entered in a so-called “personal union” with Vesalius College at the beginning of the new academic year. A joint and renewed management team is ambitious and determined to increase the Institute’s vigour and impact, both on students and policy makers as well.

And no Brexit here, as we reached out to our long-time university partner and European Network member Warwick University – the UK’s number one in political and IR studies – to enhance our collaboration and to co-create research and teaching activities in the future. Similar initiatives unfolded with the University of Southern California, Seoul National University and Hankuk University for Foreign Studies, the Vienna Diplomatic Academy and the United Nations University – entrusted partners with whom we increased our co-operation in 2019.

Finally, the Institute passed an excellent government audit. The audit committee scrutinized every aspect of the IES and concluded that the Institute performed (more than) adequately over the past five years. It recommends the Minister to extend the government agreement and its subsequent funding for a further five years. A fine achievement to celebrate along with the 50th anniversary of our alma mater. All this obviously does not come for granted. I recognise the tremendous efforts and sometimes sacrifices that have been made by the Institute’s staff in the past turbulent year – and even years. With an incredible publication record, four new PhDs (of which I am really proud), 50 diplomas and over 35 externally-funded projects, the Institute’s staff – both academic and non-academic – have proven that no matter how times are a-changin’, they can be counted on. I therefore have to conclude that the IES is like a fine wine that becomes better and richer by getting older. And of wine I know a lot. At least enough to raise the glass and hail to the good health of our Institute and all those that contributed to its well-being over the past year. Cheers!

Karel De Gucht IES President

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2019 is definitely the year of big changes at the Institute. We started the year by changing our Academic Director: Alexander Mattelaer took over from Luk Van Langenhove who became VUB Commissioner for international networks and institutions. Alexander led the institute through a successful government audit and handed over the proverbial helm of the institute to Luc Soete, who became the first Dean of the IES, following statutes changes that adapted the management structure of the Institute. This change was necessary. Not only were management structures no longer tailored to the growth of the institute, they also did not fit the collaboration setup that was brokered between the IES and Vesalius College. In February 2019, the University Board decided to reinforce its international outreach by teaming the two largest players in the field: the IES and Vesalius College. A personal union was formed with a similar management structure and identical Board (in composition). Both institutions continue to operate as proper legal seperate entities, yet their management is identical so that strategies and operations can be streamlined.

The change of our statutes was also necessary to abide by legal provisions. The previous version of the statutes still dated from 2011, whereas the legal framework changed in 2013 and 2015, both at governmental and at university level. New statutes were brokered with the assistance of the VUB and of the University’s Government Commissioner.

If we may believe Winston Churchill that "to improve is to change. To be perfect is to change often", then our Institute is reaching near-perfection. To cope with the enhanced collaboration, and to anticipate further growth, the Institute’s secretariat was restructured and the academic research clusters enhanced. The IES launched five new vacancies for part-time ZAP, strengthening the research capacity of the various clusters and enabling the embedding of Vesalius College senior staff into the research vocation of the Institute.

With these changes, the Institute’s total number of staff members rose further to 108 (i.e. 52,4 FTE), with an additional 18 people associated or visiting (and hence not on the payroll).

Anthony Antoine, Executive Director and Luc Soete, Dean

108 STAFF MEMBERS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Change was also needed in the education department. Having combined the position of LLM and Euromaster Director “ad interim” for numerous years, Prof. Dr. Harri Kalimo was relieved of this overstretch through the appointment of Prof. Dr. Jamal Shahin as Director of the MSc in European Integration (Euromaster). Harri continues to lead the LLM in International and European Law. Both programmes changed already in 2018 and with additional marketing efforts were able to attract 106 students in total, securing the government endorsed obligation to assure 50 advanced master diplomas per year. As the institute is not “perfect” yet, it was only able to issue 40 diplomas in 2019 – a result of low enrolment figures the year before (an issue that has been tackled successfully in 2019).

On the other hand, the IES exceeded expectations by awarding four PhD diploma’s in 2019: Sara Silvestre, Carla Mascia, Stephan Klose (PhDs in Political Science) and Max Jansson (PhD in Law) all successfully submitted and defended their doctoral thesis.

On the events side, 2019 was an “uneven” year in the sense that the Institute did not organise its biennial “EU in International Affairs” conference, yet it nevertheless organised 59 different events, amongst which several conferences and workshops, research colloquia and policy fora.

Research-wise, a number of projects changed: the H2020 IES-led research project on Science Diplomacy (EL CSID) ended, as did the remaining FP7 projects SOURCE (on societal security), BIOFUELS and the INNOVIRIS-funded PARENT project. New projects were however started through H2020, Jean Monnet, FWO and other funding schemes, so that the total number of externally funded projects at the IES remains unchanged at 35. With 14 additional self-funded projects, this brings the total research initiatives to 49. Needless to say that these give way to a multitude of outputs, ranging from our own policy briefs (of which we produced 20 in 2019) and reports (7) to 19 book chapters and 20 peer reviewed journal articles (104 publications in total).

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Our expertise has also been called upon by different national and international media. Up to 175 media appearances were counted in 2019 (i.e. almost one every other day), proving that the Institute has matured to a level that is internationally recognised. This recognition is boosted through other high-impact research requests on sustainable development and climate change, migration, security and economic governance – the four research clusters of the IES. In addition, international recognition gave raise to the continuation of the first Korea Chair in Europe while in this framework the first Summer School on European affairs for Seoul National University was launched. It complements the already existing Summer School on European Security, organised for the University of Southern California and the Jean Monnet endorsed Summer School that is organised in collaboration with the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna and the Universität Wien.

Change also happened on the financial front. Deplorable change, in this case, as the Institute faces an exceptional financial loss of € 131.330. Part of this is due to deferred projects (i.e. projects that were scheduled to take place in 2019 but that will only start in 2020), and part because of the unfortunate coincidential end of both FP7 projects (that lasted 4-5 years) and H2020 projects (that only last 3 years). The Institute has meanwhile taken the necessary steps so that this loss does not become structural. With the outbreak of the Corona Covid-19 virus at the time this report is written and its effect on international travel (and therefor on programmes such as the ones organised by the IES), new challenges in this respect lie ahead ...

As change is the only constant in life, we are however looking forward to avert this looming crisis and anticipate further positive changes in the coming year!

HIGHLIGHTS 2019

PROMOTING FOUR NEW PHD GRADUATES

2019 was a very fruitful year at the IES regarding new PhD degrees: Sara Silvestre, Max Jansson, Carla Mascia and Stephan Klose all successfully submitted and defended their doctoral thesis. The series of doctoral defenses was kicked off by Sara Silvestre, who was promoted in March 2019 on the subject of " Understanding the Negotiation Behaviour of Member States in the Council of the EU: The Case of the Asylum Procedures Directive". It was a double PhD between the IES (supervisor Prof. Florian Trauner) and ISCTE – The University Institute of Lisbon (supervisors Profs. Robert Ladrech and João Miguel de Carvalho). Five months later, in August 2019, Max Jansson obtained his doctorate with a thesis on the legal aspects of PPMs in interstate trade at the University of Turku. In the same month, Carla Mascia successfully defended her PhD on the implementation of (family) migration policies. It was a joint PhD between IES, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and GERME, Université Libre de Bruxelles, co-supervised by Prof. Ilke Adam (IESVUB) and Prof. Andrea Rea (GERME, ULB). And last but not least, Stephan Klose was promoted in November 2019. In his dissertation, Stephan addresses two shortcomings in the role theory literature – role theory’s conceptual ambiguity and the lack of engagement of role theorists in relevant disciplinary debates. Stephan's supervisor was Prof. Dr. Luis Simon (IES).

A NEW MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE AND A NEW DEAN

Effective 1 October 2019, the IES Board appointed Luc Soete as its first Dean (to replace the function of Academic Director). The appointment goes hand in hand with enhanced collaboration between the IES and Vesalius College, who hence form a "personal union" with a joint and renewed Board and a new joint management structure. This aims to ensure alignment of strategy within and amongst both institutions. The new management structure is also enshrined in the revised statutes, which are now embedded in the VUB’s statutes thus enabling an alignment of management roles. Two other new appointees include Alexander Mattelaer who will take up the new function of Vice-Dean for Research of both institutions, while Sven Van Kerckhoven will take up the new role of Vice-Dean for Education. The IES-VeCo joint management team further consists of Executive Director Anthony Antoine and Assistant Executive Director and Head of Secretariat Jacintha Liem.

In 2019 IES Board appointed new management

"SNU in the EU " Brussels Programme

Dr. Jamal Shahin appointed as Director of EuroMaster

VUB signs MoUs with prestigious Korean universities

HIGHLIGHTS

IES WELCOMES KOREAN STUDENTS FOR THE FIRST EDITION OF THE “SNU IN THE EU” BRUSSELS PROGRAMME

During the 25-28 March Royal Visit of His Majesty the King of the Belgians Filip and his Royal Highness Queen Mathilde to the Republic of South Korea, VUB Vice-Rector Romain Meeusen joined the Delegation and signed three MoUs with Korean universities. Two MoUs were signed with Seoul National University (SNU) on research and teaching cooperation, and on the organisation of a ‘SNU in the EU’ summer training programme.

The ‘SNU in the EU’ programme provides an opportunity for undergraduate students to learn about the inner working of - and current challenges facing – the European Union. In 2019, the SNU launched the programme in Brussels jointly with the Institute for European Studies.

From 1 to 11 July, twenty-two Korean students from a variety of academic disciplines travelled to Brussels for a two-week course programme at the IES which offered a mix of lectures and visits to various European Union institutions and other key actors. The programme was coordinated by KF-VUB Korea Chair Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Stephan Klose and Paula Cantero Dieguez.

The programme kicked off on 1 July with a welcome session where students were received with a breakfast and introduced to the course leaders. In the afternoon, the students joined lectures with international students of the Jean Monnet Inter-University Summer School on EU Policy-making and, to close the first day, headed together to a kick-off dinner at Sauce Park. In its first week, the programme focused on the history of European integration, decision-making procedures and current challenges for the EU. The students visited the European Parliament in Strasbourg, the Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Brussels and spent a

full day at the European Commission. They visited the European Commission’s Visitors’ Centre and sat in on presentations from a variety of speakers about the functioning of the European Commission, human rights, EU enlargement policy, and EU-South Korea trade and external relations policies.

The second week of the programme explored the EU's role in international affairs, European cooperation in security and defence, and the EU’s relations with East Asia. After the morning lectures, students visited and attended presentations at a variety of institutions such as the European Council, European External Action Service, House of European History and NATO headquarters. The programme was completed with a visit to the Court of Justice in Luxembourg and a final presentation.

DR. JAMAL SHAHIN APPOINTED AS DIRECTOR OF EUROMASTER PROGRAMME

In 2019, the IES was pleased to announce the appointment of Dr. Jamal Shahin as the new Director of its Advanced Master in European Integration (‘EuroMaster’) programme. Dr Shahin works part time at the IES, as well as in the Department of European Studies at the University of Amsterdam. Jamal is trained as a political scientist, with a PhD from the University of Hull (2005). His research interests focus on global internet governance, political participation in the European Union, EU governance, and the impact of the internet on policy making. In the EuroMaster programme, he teaches the Research Methods Lab course and will be convening the core module on Policymaking and Interest Representation in the EU, as a successor to Prof. Dr. Irina Tanasescu.

HIGHLIGHTS

EUTOPIA €5M ERASMUS+ GRANT EXPANDS IES INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION OPTIONS

The EUTOPIA alliance of six European universities, one of which is Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), has been chosen by the European Commission as one of the 17 pilot projects for developing a ‘European university’, thereby receiving a five million EUR grant from the Erasmus+ ‘European Universities’ programme.

EUTOPIA unites over 165,000 students and 30,000 members of staff in six countries, with 90,000 international alumni associated with its member universities. Together, the EUTOPIA universities have research centres in 760 areas of knowledge. It is comprised of Vrije Universiteit Brussel, the University of Gothenburg, l’Université Paris Seine, the Pompeu Fabra University – Barcelona, the University of Warwick, and is led by the University of Ljubljana.

The award will boost EUTOPIA’s mission of working as a network of European campuses, through collaborative research, increased mobility of students, academics and staff, and shared innovations that serve the wider public in regional communities. One of the concrete consequences for the Institute for European Studies is the creation of a joint Master’s degree between University of Warwick’s Department of Politics and International studies (PAIS) and the IES in ‘International Studies and European Integration’. It will also allow our Institute to further step up its international collaboration as part of this new formal European Universities network.

IES HOSTS SUCCESSFUL HIGH-PROFILE BELGIAN DEFENCE DEBATE

The IES, in collaboration with Belgian Military Interests, organised on 23 May the Belgian Defence Debate, featuring a panel of six politicians: Hendrik Bogart (CD&V), Philip Claeys (Vlaams Belang), Melissa Depraetere (Sp.a), Wouter De Vriendt (Groen), Theo Francken (NVA) and Tim Vandenput (Open VLD). The debate was moderated by (then) IES Academic Director Prof. Alexander Mattelaer and was witnessed by an audience of

HIGHLIGHTS

approx. 120 people in the room and several thousand viewers online by means of a livestream. Key topics discussed during the Belgian Defence Debate related to investments in military infrastructure, personnel and equipment, the promises and challenges of defence cooperation at a bilateral and European level, and the future of Operation Vigilant Guardian (the deployment of soldiers in the streets of Belgium since the attacks in Paris in January 2015). Both online and offline audiences had the opportunity to ask questions to the panellists. IES PhD researcher Linde Desmaele delivered the opening address and VRT journalist Jens Franssen the closing remarks.

VUB SIGNS MOUS WITH PRESTIGIOUS KOREAN UNIVERSITIES

In the framework of the Royal Visit to the Republic of South Korea, VUB’s Vice-Rector Romain Meeusen signed three MoUs with Korean universities – two of which were directly related to activities at the IES. General research and teaching cooperation agreements were signed between the VUB and Hankuk Universtity of Foreign Studies (HUFS) and between the VUB and Seoul National University (SNU). With HUFS, the IES has had a long standing relationship, starting with student exchange between 2009 and 2012 and with research cooperation ever since. With SNU, an additional MoU was signed to organize a summer training programme on EU Studies for their international relations students. See the separate SNU in the EU highlight story above for more details.

IES PUBLISHES UNIQUE INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY REPORT TOWARDS CLIMATE NEUTRALITY

A new IES report to which our researchers Tomas Wyns, Gauri Khandekar and Matilda Axelson contributed, builds upon the growing momentum for an EU industrial transition to net-zero emissions amongst policy makers and even industry, and sketches the blueprint of an industrial strategy towards climate neutrality. The report is unique in the sense that its industrial strategy proposal transcends the novelty of individual instruments towards a more integrated structure that scrutinizes a broad set of policy instruments and provides ideas for making the whole policy set as tangible as possible.

LAUNCH OF NEW 3-YEAR JEAN MONNET NETWORK ON EU CLIMATE AND ENERGY GOVERNANCE

With the support of the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union, the Jean Monnet Network on Governing the EU’s Climate and Energy Transition in Turbulent Times or GOVTRAN brings together a broad range of scholars interested in climate and energy governance in the European Union. GOVTRAN reaches out to the wider epistemic community and actively fosters engagement with policymakers and the broader public in this field. The project is coordinated by the IES research cluster on Environment and Sustainable Development (Prof. Sebastian Oberthür) and implemented in collaboration with three other universities: Ghent University, the University of East Anglia and the University of Eastern Finland. In the next three years, GOVTRAN will sponsor a number of events, such as roundtable debates and lectures, and initiate a variety of publications and other outputs, including policy briefs, podcasts, special issues of journals, and an online course.

ND EUROSIM MODEL EU

After successfully hosting the 31st edition of EuroSim – a Model European Union that brings together around 200 students from the US and the EU to simulate the legislative process of the European Union – the IES participated with its own delegation of students for the US edition that was hosted at the St. John Fisher College in Rochester, New York between 28 – 31 March 2019. Selected across our LLM, EuroMaster, and PGC programmes, the Institute’s delegation negotiated together with peers from 20 different universities and colleges the EU’s next Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF). From their respective alter egos they held on to the positions of Heads of Government, ministers or MEPs in a four-day negotiation marathon at the end of which a compromise could be successfully achieved. The EuroSim conference complements the research-led education the IES is delivering by adding a sought-after practical dimension of active and experiential learning where students have the opportunity to solve problems and be confronted with real-life scenarios. Through its transatlantic nature, the event adds an important cultural and social component as well, with long-term impact and benefits for students on both sides of the Atlantic. Aside from the EuroSim conference, the US study trip organised by Silviu Piros included also two study visits in New York where the students had the opportunity to further discuss the EU’s role abroad, EU – UN relations, and to visit the United Nations headquarters. The first study visit included a meeting at the EU Delegation to the UN, where the group was received by Ambassador Gustavo Martin Prada and discussed some of the challenges the EU is currently facing in its support for the multilateral system, given the current internal and external threats such as Brexit, the current political climate in the US and the rise of populism. The second visit took place at the UN headquarters, giving the group the chance to visit the premises of this unique and truly global organisation with a rich history and noble mission.

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RESEARCH PORTFOLIO

RESEARCH - STRATEGIC GOALS

The Strategic Plan 2016-2020 described a number of research objectives:

• Successful completion of at least 15 PhDs projects (i.e. an average of three per year) and launching of at least 25 PhD projects (of which ten funded by their own resources)

Alexander Mattelaer Vice-Dean Research

In 2019, the IES initiated several new PhD projects (of which two are funded on own resources), and was able to deliver four doctoral diplomas.

• Strengthening IES involvement in national and international research networks

One of the new initiatives in 2019 was the first edition of a ‘SNU in the EU’ summer training programme (July), following the signature of a MoU with Seoul National University (SNU) during a Royal Visit of the King and Queen of Belgium in March 2019 (See Highlights section for more details). Another significant development was the start of the EUtopia network, an alliance of six European universities, which in 2019 was chosen by the European Commission as one of the 17 pilot projects for developing a ‘European university’. A concrete result of this is a joint VUB - University of Warwick PhD project, as well as a Double Masters degree combining the MA programmes of Warwick’s Department of Politics and International Studies (PAIS) and the Advanced Master in European Integration at the IES. Moreover, the IES further elaborated its existing networks through the high-profile collaboration with UNU-CRIS, the organisation of joint events (e.g. Brussels-Vienna Summer School), and its involvement in numerous EU projects with various consortia (see Externally Funded Projects section for more details).

• Consolidation and strengthening of academic focus areas with thorough review of existing cluster structure

In 2012, the IES was restructured into four clusters and one Educational Development Unit. It continued to strengthen these clusters throughout 2019 (e.g. by appointing at least one postdoctoral researcher per cluster, while adding PhD researchers in other clusters on a rotational basis).

• Implementation and further development of Guidelines for IES Academic Staff (including guidelines for PhD projects, cluster arrangements at the IES, benchmarking approach for postdoctoral staff)

The guidelines were already finalised in 2012. Benchmark discussions with research staff are done on an annual basis.

• Consolidation / increase of external project funding (for research projects and scientific services)

The Institute was able to attract xx million external funding, which is xx% more than last year.

• Fostering cross-cluster collaboration and integration (e.g. by prioritization of cross-cluster projects)

The Institute fostered cross-cluster publishing and has several of its researchers involved in cross-cluster projects, e.g. the Aviation Biofuels, eCoherence and PARENT projects with EEG and ESD cluster involvement, and the Mindb4ACT project with our MDJ and IntSec clusters involved. Other major projects the Institute worked on were the EU climate policy project COP21:RIPPLES (completed in 2019) and the Brussels Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Migration and Minorities (BIRMM) project, a VUB platform for migration and diversity researchers to meet, exchange and cooperate across disciplines – coordinated by our Institute.

• Enhance PhD guidance through the creation of the position of a Director of PhD studies

The Institute created this new post and appointed Prof. Dr. Sebastian Oberthür as the first post holder in 2016. He acts as representative or member in several VUB bodies, such as the council of the VUB doctoral school. In 2019, Prof. Oberthür continued to develop and implement existing PhD related procedures and contribute to a better two-way communication between IES PhD researchers and their supervisors. The Director of PhD studies also organised the IES Research Colloquia during which PhD researchers present the status of their research project and discuss it with other junior and senior researchers.

• Publication of 40-50 articles in recognized international journals or their equivalent in major book publications per year, on average (with the share of peer-review level publications reaching at least 50%); Publication of 1-2 books per year (on average); Publication of up to 15 Policy Briefs per year (on average).

The IES published 19 articles, of which 16 peer-reviewed and 17 book chapters. The IES also internally published nine IES policy briefs, 11 IES Korea Chair policy briefs, four Korea Chair reports and three reports with the contribution of IES experts. For a full overview, see our list of publications in the annex.

RESEARCH - STRATEGIC GOALS LIST OF IES-FUNDED PROJECTS RESEARCH

Next to the individual research projects of our senior academic staff described in the cluster overviews (see infra), the IES funds several PhD projects on its own resources. Stemming from the obligations in the government agreement, the Institute launches a minimum of two calls for projects every year. In 2019, the Institute funded the following projects:

• Regulating Climate Change: Assessing and Explaining the Legitimacy of Transnational Governance Initiatives, Laura Iozzelli, October 2015-September 2019

• Governing Ethno-Racial Inequalities in Europe: Colour-blind vs. Colourconscious Policy Frames in Belgium and Germany Laura Westerveen, October 2015-September 2019

• Explaining the Response of the EU and of NATO to the Ukraine Crisis Elie Perot, October 2016-September 2020

• Cooperation beyond borders: explaining EU migration cooperation with third countries, Philipp Stutz, October 2017-September 2021

• Explaining military innovation in military applications of artificial intelligence, Maaike Verbruggen, November 2017-September 2021

• Testing the East Asian Paradox: A study of East Asian nations' economic and security relations with a focus on Northeast Asia, Maximilian Ernst, October 2018-September 2022

• Competition versus co-operation in multistakeholder internet governance – The EU’s role, values, and interests, Orsolya Gulyás, November 2018-October 2022

• Who Shapes Whom? Transatlantic Relations in the Asian Century, Linde Desmaele, April 2017-March 2021

• Business Model Transitions for Enabling Deep Emission Reductions in the EU Energy Intensive Industries Matilda Axelson, February 2017January 2021

• The Internet of Things in the Circular Economy: Reconciling Environment, Data, and Trade under the WTO in the Digital Age, Eleonor Mateo, December 2017 – December 2021

• EU climate and energy governance: how myopic is it?, Jana Gheuens, January 2019 – December 2022.

LIST OF NEW IES-FUNDED PROJECTS

• On the outside looking in: Goal achievement of EU Arctic policies”, Aslak Veierud Busch, October 2019 – September 2023.

• The integration of climate and energy security objectives in the EU's external energy policy, Marco Giuli, September 2019-September 2023.

• Historical narratives in Russian governmental discourse on domestic and foreign policy decisions, 1991-2018 Laura Vansina, October 2019 - September 2023.

The following researchers who successfully defended their doctoral thesis in 2019 were supported by the IES Research Enhancement Fund, a fund that was created to help junior researchers in the transition period from PhD to postdoctoral researcher:

• Stephan Klose, 'Four esays on role theory's added value for IR and EU studies'

• Carlos Soria-Rodríguez, 'The International and European environmental regulation of marine renewable energies in the EU'

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from wood and other biomass (BSFJ)

January 2015-December 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission - FP7

In the Aviation Biofuels project, IES analyses as a part of an engineering project the globally most innovative policies to promote the uptake of sustainable aviation biofuels, in particular as regards fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuels. The IES also scrutinizes how such innovative policies interact with European and international (WTO) economic law.

Rethinking the European Economy, Ecology, and their Interactions (rECOncile)

September 2016-August 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Chair

rECOncile is the Jean Monnet Chair project of Prof. Harri Kalimo. It provides research-led excellence in teaching and learning at the intersection of two fundamental areas of EU policy - the internal market and the environment. The interactions, the “value reconciliation” between the economic and environmental values is explored by creating two new and reforming three existing postgraduate courses at the IES. The Chair also organises annual Inaugural Lectures and recurring Policy Forums, where the policy debates on EU’s economic and environmental developments are brought to the public domain, involving the policy makers, the civil society and the industry representatives alike.

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

Europe Explained – Inter-University Summer School on EU Policy-making (Summer School)

September 2016-August 2019

September 2019-August 2022 (funding renewed)

Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Module

The Inter-University Summer School on EU Policy Making is an intensive twoweek programme and is held one week in Brussels and one week in Vienna during the first two weeks of July The IES joins forces with the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna and the University of Vienna to bring this ‘crash course’ in European Policy Making. Packed with lectures, study visits and simulation games, this programme attracts students and young professionals who wish to broaden their knowledge of the European institutions, European law and the European decision-making process in general.

Jean Monnet Module: The Economics of European (Dis) -integration

September 2019 – August 2022

Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Module

The ECONDIS module focuses on the integration of European economies, as well as the current discontents with this integration process and the challenges posed by disintegration. It studies the economic rationale for integration and addresses the populist upheavals in several EU member states, as best exemplified with the British vote in favour of leaving the EU. These, in combination with several recent and current crises, such as the 2008 financial crisis and the current migration crisis, contest European integration.

Virtually Excellent: Opening Europe to the World through Innovative Education (VOWED)

September 2017-August 2020

Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence

The "Virtually Excellent: Opening Europe to the World through Innovative Education" (VOWED) Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence aims to 1) ensure that students benefit from high-quality research-based teaching on a wide variety of EU integration and foreign affairs issues; 2) provide a foundation by which academics and students are informed via a series of distance learning formats on a range of multidisciplinary themes; and 3) offer a series of outputs by which civil society can be viably informed of contemporary EU developments.

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

Explaining EU Action in Counter Terrorism (EXACT)

September 2017-August 2020

Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Chair

The "Explaining EU Action in Counter Terrorism" (EXACT)

Jean Monnet Chair provides research-led teaching and learning at the intersection of two fundamental areas of EU policy: the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice and EU counter-terrorism policy and law - through an international cross-section of doctoral, postgraduate and graduate students. The objective is pursued by advancing cutting-edge blended learning formats, distance learning, strong interdisciplinarity, and policy relevance.

Participatory platform for sustainable energy management (PARENT)

March 2016-June 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission – JPI Urban Europe (H2020) and Innoviris Brussels

The “Participatory platform for sustainable energy management” (PARENT) project aims to increase engagement of individuals in the responsible management of their own electricity usage. PARENT is executed in constant and close dialogue with stakeholders and develops an innovative and marketable platform for participatory energy management, fuelled by novel analytics, visualisation and gamification techniques. The project intends to understand how we can stimulate behavioural change in the area of energy consumption in households and to offer guidelines for reducing household energy consumption at multiple levels in Europe.

Mapping, IdentifyiNg and Developing skills and opportunities in operating environments to cocreate innovative, ethical and effective ACTions

to tackle radicalization leading to violent extremism (MINDb4ACT)

September 2017-August 2020

Funding scheme: European Commission – H2020 MINDb4ACT has the objective to improve the current EU counter-violent extremism policies and to generate new ones. It will focus on four kinds of interventions (research actions, exchanges among law enforcement agencies, strategic-policy exercises, training courses and pilot projects). All actions will be developed within such collaborative ecosystems (‘Living Labs’) to facilitate stable collaborations (‘Knowledge partnerships’) that will improve current law enforcement techniques. The interventions will be developed in five specific domains: prisons and judiciary systems; immigration hotspots and asylum centres, schools, cities (peri-urban contexts) and the Internet and Media (TV, radio online).

The European Commission in Drone Community: a New Cooperation Area in the Making (EU-DRONES)

April 2017-March 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission - Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions/Individual Fellowship

The objective of this research is to examine how the European Commission is shaping regulatory framework development, production and use of drones considering the diverging interests among actors concerned in Europe (and beyond) where multiple authorities overlap. A comprehensive analysis of drones operations as a whole, including actors’ perceptions, expectations, interests and practices is still lacking. This research will therefore study the European Commission’s strategy to join and shape the drone community (rule makers, interest groups, manufacturers, operators and users) as well as the impact of its action.

The role of national parliaments in the Arab transformation processes

February 2017-April 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission - Horizon 2020, Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions/Individual Fellowship

The research analyses the role of national parliaments in Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia particularly since 2011, and assesses their contributions to the political transformation processes. It diminishes an existing research gap since parliaments have received almost no consideration in ‘Arab Spring’ research yet.

European leadership in Cultural, Science, and Innovation Diplomacy (EL-CSID)

March 2016-February 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission – H2020

The “European Leadership in Cultural, Science and Innovation Diplomacy” (ELCSID) project has the ambition to articulate the relevance of cultural, science and innovation diplomacy for EU external relations as part of a systematic and strategic approach. The project aims to identify how the Union and its member states can collectively and individually develop a successful institutional and strategic policy environment for extra-regional science, cultural and innovation diplomacy.

Governing the EU’s Climate and Energy Transition in Turbulent Times (GOVTRAN)

September 2018-August 2021

Funding scheme: European Commission – Jean Monnet Network

The overarching aim of GOVTRAN is to provide a platform to bring together the European and global community of senior and early career scholars in the field of climate and energy, and to actively foster this community’s engagement with policymakers and the broader public.

COP21: Results and Implications for Pathways and Policies for Low Emissions

European Societies (COP21- RIPPLES)

December 2016-November 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission – H2020

This COP21-RIPPLES project provides interdisciplinary analysis of the conditions of EU climate policy in the new strategic context of the Paris Climate Change Agreement concluded in 2015. Within this project, the IES team assesses the adequacy of the Paris outcomes for effective international climate governance and the EU’s role. COP21- RIPPLES has four objectives:

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS RESEARCH

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

1) Assess the adequacy of national climate action plans submitted under the Paris Agreement, 2) Assess the implications of national climate action plans and their strengthening on other European socio-economic objectives, 3) Assess the adequacy of the outcomes of Paris, and the implications and opportunities emerging from ongoing UN climate negotiations, and 4) Provide recommendations for EU climate policy and climate diplomacy.

DESIGNSCAPES: Feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels

March 2019 – May 2019

Funding organisation: European Commission – H2020

The feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels aimed to understand whether the creation of a structural database of sustainable initiatives would benefit local stakeholders and community members. Following discussions with key players in the sector of sustainability policy, it was decided to focus the project on collecting initiative data on the topic of energy efficiency. This path was chosen in order to make the project both accessible and comprehensive. The result of the feasibility study is the Brussels Sustainable Energy Actor Map or Brussels SEAM. The Brussels SEAM is an interactive map listing 43 organizations active in a total of 76 sustainable energy initiatives in the Brussels-Capital Region. The map allows users to learn about the goals of various organizations and the initiatives they provide. It is our hope that the implementation of Brussels SEAM allows users to identify similarities in energy initiatives, as well as collaborate with stakeholders and inhabitants to identify gaps and generate solutions.

Judicial and Police cooperation preventing radicalisation towards terrorism (JP-COOPS)

January 2019 – June 2021

Funding scheme: European Commission – Justice Programme (JUST)

JP-COOPS, funded by DG JUST, focuses on the expansion of the network of trainers, national contact points, e-contents, and platforms established by previous projects. Its main contribution will be the establishment of one network of networks comprising 26 Multiagency National Contact Points, all using an up-scalable and modular Toolkit of all available Toolkits, which expands the knowledge on counter-radicalisation strategies and practices through the use of judiciary and police cooperation as part of new situational prevention strategies.

FAIRNESS: Implementation of Stockholm's roadmap in cases of terrorism and radicalisation

July 2019 – June 2021

Funding scheme: European Commission – Justice Programme (JUST)

The FAIRNESS project aims at promoting a balanced harmonization of the Member States’ legal practices in relation to the implementation of several EU Directives (2016/343, 2016/800, 2016/1919, 2013/48/EU) when suspected or accused persons are involved in terror-related crimes or radicalisation. Further, it aims at exploring the coherence between the ‘spirit’ and previsions of the ‘Stockholm’s Roadmap’ contrasted with investigative and preventive practices (including Directive 2014/41/EU, and Council Framework Decisions 2002/584/JHA) involving suspects or accused persons for crimes related to terrorism in the pre-trial stage.

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS RESEARCH

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

SOLVIT III, IV & V

March, October and December 2019

Funding scheme: European Commission – EASME tender

The IES offered a training programme for the national experts of SOLVIT, specifically: SOLVIT III – an online training platform on the free movement of goods; and SOLVIT IV & V – a two-day expert training on Professional Qualifications in the EU internal market. The last two sessions were done in collaboration with Prof. V. Hatzopoulos from Pantheion University, Athens. The SOLVIT training is organized by the European Commission’s Executive Agency on SMEs (EASME).

BNB – Beton Naar Hoogwaardig Beton

March 2018 – February 2021

Funding scheme: European Regional Development Fund (Interreg)

In this project, concrete is recycled through a crushing process, where the concrete rubble is separated into its original components – cement stone, sand and gravel. After a dehydration process, the cement stone can be used as a new binder in new high-quality concrete products, with very low environmental impact. In the project, the IES conducts an economic analysis and assesses the business model(s) arising from the new value chain. Project partners are the Vrije Universiteit Brussels (coordinator), VITO, MEAM, CBS Beton, KU Leuven, SCC, SGS INTRON, Concrete Valley Group B.V. and Innovatie Centrum Duurzaam Bouwen.

Maximising Previously Acquired Competences (MaxiPAC)

July 2018 – December 2019

Funding organisation: European Sociaal Fonds - Europees Fonds voor Asiel, Migratie en Integratie

MaxiPAC is a project of Thomas More, UGent, VUB, NARIC, Minderhedenforum and H&H Education, funded by the European Integration Fund. It is an AMIFproject which strives to promote the acknowledgement of previously acquired competences of third-country nationals in Flemish higher education institutions. The main goal of this project is to establish one standard procedure to validate non- European diplomas in universities and higher education aiming a professional Bachelor degree. Furthermore, a digital platform where third-country nationals will receive support and guidance for free will be developed.

LIST OF EXTERNALLY FUNDED PROJECTS

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS

Climate Diplomacy 2019-2020

December 2019 – December 2020

Funding organisations: German Federal Foreign Office

| adelphi

The project ‘Climate Diplomacy’ in support of the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs explores the foreign policy dimension of climate change and climate policy, including the impacts on peace, conflict and security in different regions around the world. To explore these issues, adelphi and the Institute for European Studies have assessed the implications of energy transition and decarbonisation for German and European foreign policy and produced a full-fledged report, a policy brief and several country studies. This project consists of two parts. First, it aims at launching a report and accompanying outputs and at discussing the findings with relevant stakeholders in Brussels. The second objective is to produce and publish, based on the report, a book on the geopolitics of decarbonisation. The IESVUB will organise a launch event in Brussels and take the lead in completing the book manuscript for publication.

Extended deterrence in Europe and Northeast Asia: A comparative approach

September 2019 – February 2020

funding organisation: Embassy of Japan in Belgium

On 18 and 19 November 2019, the Institute for European Studies convened a closed-door expert meeting and a public roundtable on current challenges to extended deterrence in Europe and East Asia. Discussions focused specifically on how US alliances and extended deterrence guarantees in Europe and East Asia are linked; what similarities and differences can be observed regarding how the alliances are managed; how threats and challenges are

addressed, and how the United States deals with its allies in two different theatres. Experts discussed the future of extended deterrence in Europe and East Asia with particular attention to NATO and the US-Japan alliance. It was attended by a number of policy-makers and experts from Europe and East Asia.

OTHER ORGANISATIONS

Understanding the international context for Norway’s low- emission economy transition (CONNECT)

September 2017-August 2021

Funding organisation: CICERO

CONNECT will provide policymakers with insights into how the framework Paris Agreement will develop into more detailed rules and procedures for global climate cooperation and national policy approaches in the years leading up to 2018. It further examines how international climate policy changes influence EU climate policies in the period from 2015 to 2018, and the consequences for EU-level decision- making processes. The project will also look at how changes in the international context impact Norway's climate policy development up to 2018, and what the implications may be for a long-term low-carbon transition in Norway

Who wins the legislative battle? Tracing legislative change and policy ideas in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice

October 2017 – September 2021

Funding organisation: Fonds Wetenschappelijk

Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO)

This FWO project aims to understand the balance of

OTHER ORGANISATIONS

powers between the main European institutional actors in context of legislative decision-making in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). First, it investigates what changes legislative acts undergo during the legislative process from the text proposed by the European Commission to the final version published in the Official Journal of the European Union and which policy ideas, defined as policy provisions contained in the law, end up in the adopted document. Second, it accounts for the mechanisms and causal factors behind the influence of certain institutional actors and ideas on the development of legislation adopted in the AFSJ field. To do so the project relies on an application prototype of data mining and data processing, which allows a large-N systematic approach to track, visualise and analyse all legislative activity in AFSJ between May 1999 and December 2016. By tracing who ‘wins’ in the ‘legislative battle’, the project does not only fill an important gap in the literature on the AFSJ decision-making dominated by small-N and qualitative studies, but it also fuels the ongoing theoretical debates on the influence of institutional actors and on the impact of ideas on the European legislative outcomes. Moreover, the application of data mining and data processing techniques to legal text can contribute to test the efficiency of different computational modelling methods.

Policy integration: decarbonisation and security of supply in the European Union's external energy policy

January 2019-December 2022

Funding organisation: Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO)

This FWO-funded project aims to examine levels of policy integration and to identify related main drivers and barriers as a contribution to a general theory of (climate) policy integration. It specifically explores varying levels of integration of the key policy objectives of decarbonization and security of supply into the European Union’s external energy policy toward third countries. Based on existing literature on policy coherence and (environmental/climate) policy integration, it develops a novel framework for assessing the level of policy integration of the two aforementioned policy objectives and applies this framework to the EU’s external energy policy towards three partner countries (Russia, Norway, Algeria or Azerbaijan).

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

OTHER ORGANISATIONS

Research Network on Regime (REFRACT)

January 2015 – December 2019

Funding organisation: Fonds Wetenschappelijk

Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO)

The REFRACT is a five-year project sponsored by the FWO. The aim of the research network is to foster international scientific exchanges and dialogues to sustain and expand interdisciplinary research into regime complexes and institutional fragmentation.

Grants European Climate Foundation

Since 2015

Funding organisation: European Climate Foundation

The IES is doing policy research supported by ECF in several projects aiming at the decarbonization energy intensive industries.

Development of the International Soil Protection Law - Institutional Analysis and Making of Concrete Proposals (ECOLOGIC 730)

January 2017-March 2019

Funding organisation: Ecologic

The main objective of this project is to investigate whether and how the international cooperation of states can be strengthened and improved in the medium to long term in order to ensure an effective protection and a sustainable use of soils. The relevant regulations and activities of various existing international treaty regimes and organisations are analysed as a basis for the elaboration of concrete suggestions for improvement. The project is led by the Ecologic Institute in Berlin and is funded by the German Federal Environment Agency.

Contribution to the Next Generation Internet: engaging stakeholders (SpeakNGI)

September 2018-March 2019

Funding organisation: SpeakNGI

IES works together with the EU-funded SpeakNGI project team to help develop an understanding of the Next Generation Internet. The Next Generation Internet initiative aims to help shape activities towards the applications, infrastructures and technologies that will be used as the Internet evolves. The SpeakNGI initiative brings together the different communities involved in the development and use of emerging technologies, as well as the regulators and policymakers that define the space in which these actors work. The IES contributes towards the growth of user participation in the policy and regulatory frameworks by using its experience in GIPO. It does this through participation in stakeholder engagement exercises, the writing up of a report on stakeholder engagement activities, and the elaboration of an advisory board for GIPO.

Obstacles et leviers à la participation sociétale et citoyenne des jeunes Bruxellois défavorisés (EMPOWER-YOUTH)

November 2017-October 2021

Funding scheme: Innoviris Brussels – Anticipate programme

“Empower Youth project” is a four-year research programme conducted By Géraldine André (IES-VUB) and Alejandra Alarcon (GERME-ULB) on societal and civic participation of young disadvantaged people from Brussels. Through a mixed-method design (qualitative and quantitative), Empower Youth investigates: 1) Why and when do youngsters not take up on, or turn away

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

OTHER ORGANISATIONS

from, structures that aim at developing their participation;

2) When and how does the institutional complexity of Brussels influence the relationships of young people from Brussels with those structures; 3) How does discrimination and assignment to disadvantaged socia categories such as gender or alleged race (as well as their interactions) shape the relationships of youngsters with different institutions in Brussels; 4) In which ways do the existing instruments and programmes aiming at the encouragement of civic participation of young people from Brussels meet their expectations (or not); 5) What are the links between different forms of societal and civic participation?

Roll-Out of Local Energy Communities (ROLECS)

January 2019 – December 2020

Funding organisation: Vlaio

Rolecs, i.e. the roll out of Local Energy Communities (LECs), is a unique cooperation between all Flemish research Institutes active in the energy sectors and 25 companies all working towards gaining a deeper understanding and maximizing the potential of Local Energy Communities (LECS). These communities, following up EU policy on energy, create a landscape that is more sustainable and with active participation of the end-consumer/producer (the so-called prosumer).

PLATform for Open and Nationally accessible climate policy knowledge (PLATON)

January 2019 – December 2022

Funding organisation: The Research Council of Norway, KLIMAFORSK Programme| Fridtjof Nansen Institute (FNI)

PLATON is Norway's largest social science climate research project and will help politicians and businesses in their efforts to make Norway a low-emission society. The project will build an openly available knowledge platform on climate policy and how it affects the economy, behavior and emissions. In addition to researching new knowledge, PLATON will gather and systematize knowledge that already exists. Data, statistics and model tools that form the basis of the knowledge will be part of the platform.

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

OTHER ORGANISATIONS

Metals for a Climate Neutral Europe

February 2019 – October 2019

Funding organisation: Eurometaux – European nonferrous metals association

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the EU’s industrial metals ecosystem, including the sector’s potential in the transition to climate-neutrality, and the challenges and constraints that will be faced along the way. It was commissioned by the non-ferrous metals industry and represents its consolidated contribution to the EU’s 2050 climate-neutral strategy.

Mapping Out EU-Korea relations: Key Member States' Perspectives

January 2019 – February 2020

Funding organisation: Korea Foundation

This policy report, published by the KF-VUB Korea Chair, analyses the relationship and perspectives that key EU member states have of the partnership between South Korea and their own member state. It presents a comparative analysis between seven key EU member states of Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and Sweden in the issue-areas of trade and investment, peace and security, and North Korea. These issue-areas are covered by the bilateral Framework Agreement, Free Trade Agreement and Crisis Management Participation

Agreement signed by South Korea and the EU in recent years. The report provides an in-depth analysis and include policy recommendations for MOFA and other interested South Korean policy-makers, government officials and stakeholders regarding the effects of these agreements and how they can improve implementation from an EU member state perspective.

KF-VUB Korea Chair

October 2017-October 2024

Funding organisation: Korea Foundation

The KF-VUB Korea Chair at the Institute for European Studies is the primary contact point in Europe on policy issues related to the Korean Peninsula. A joint initiative between the Korea Foundation and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, the Chair plays a strategic role in furthering Europe-Korea relations. It builds links between Europe and Korea through a number of activities and partnerships, and contributes actively to increasing the possibilities for their future cooperation on bilateral, regional and global levels. The KF-VUB Korea Chair advances academically rigorous and informed discussions on mainly three issueareas; security on the Korean Peninsula, EU-Republic of Korea relations and South Korean foreign policy. In 2019, the Chair’s main research activities included the publication of academic and policy-relevant output and organisation of public conferences and expert workshops. On the one-year anniversary of the US-DPRK summit in Singapore, the Chair surveyed views in U.S., China, Japan and Russia on interKorean relations and published a report which was picked up by the news outlets Reuters and The Wall Street Journal. The Chair regularly makes media appearances and contributions to the BBC, The Hill, KBS News, TBS Radio, NK News and 38 North. In addition to organising events in Brussels, the Chair organises two cross-European events in collaboration with think tanks in major capitals. In cooperation with French Institute of International Relations (IFRI), German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP) and Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), the Chair organised public conferences on security and economic affairs in Paris and Berlin. These activities were realised with additional financial suppor t of the

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

OTHER ORGANISATIONS

Embassy of the Republic of Korea. In June, the Chair published a joint report with Harvard Medical School on the current and anticipated injury burden and injury care capacity in North Korea, proposing a roadmap for multilateral assistance for strengthening the system. The Chair also published a report with its team on South Korean President Moon Jae-in’s policy towards multilateral institutions which was featured in the Think Tank Review of the Council of the European Union. In October, the Chair welcomed a new Visiting Fellow, Young-in Lee, who will be conducting research at the Institute on the cultural policy of the EU.

PROJECTS FUNDED BY VUB

Evaluating Democratic Governance in Europe (SRP EDGE II)

November 2017-October 2022

The work conducted during the second phase of the SRP is organised in three work packages. Each work package focuses on big challenges that democracies face today. The three work packages are not mutually exclusive, i.e. there are obvious overlaps across work packages, allowing us to consciously and actively develop cross-fertilisation and collaboration. The first work package deals with time and sustainability, the second with gender and diversity and the third with contestation.

The Contribution of ‘regional’ multistakeholders mechanisms in improving global governance (GREMLIN)

October 2017-September 2021

Funding organisation: UNU -CRIS | VUB OZR Grant

The GREMLIN project aims to investigate multistakeholderism in regional and global governance. It examines two different policy areas where multistakeholderism has become a defining norm: internet and trade governance. Questions of legitimacy and effectiveness are key to debates on multistakeholderism and thus are also central to the theoretical framework of the project. GREMLIN brings together researchers from the IES and the Centre for European Union Studies (CEUS) at the University of Ghent in a project that will produce two PhDs, several policy briefs and a workshop on ‘building better multistakeholderism’ at its end.

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

PROJECTS FUNDED BY VUB

Brussels Institute for European Studies (BIES)

March 2018-March 2022

In this initiative endorsed by the Research Council of both VUB and ULB, the two Institutes join forces and search to intensify the cooperation in a series of areas, such as the setup of a joint platform for EU funded bid submissions.

Brussels Interdisciplinary Research centre on Migration and Minorities, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BIRMMVUB)

January 2018 – October 2024

Funding organisation: Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB) Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) conducts a wide variety of research on migration and diversity, spread over many disciplines, departments and research institutes. This interdisciplinary group has been created in January 2018. It joins over 100 VUB researchers from 11 disciplines (including political science, law sociology criminology geography, medical sciences, communication sciences, linguistics, psychology and educational sciences, philosophy, and history) working on migration and diversity related topics. BIRMM is coordinated by Prof. Ilke Adam and Prof. Florian Trauner (both IES-VUB) and a board of delegates with one representative per research centre or department.

BIRMM-VUB was accepted as an institutional member of the network in early July 2018. Our expertise on migration and diversity will contribute to IMISCOE's success.

EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS

SNU in the EU 01/07/2019 – 11/07/2019

The SNU in the EU programme provides an opportunity for undergraduate students from Seoul National University to experience a summer programme in a variety of European countries. In 2019, the first edition in Brussels was organised jointly with the Institute for European Studies. The two-week programme welcomed 22 students and offered a mix of lectures and visits to various European Union institutions and other key actors. In the first week, lectures focused on the history of European integration, decision-making procedures and current challenges at the EU. The second week of the programme explored the EU's role in international affairs, European cooperation in security and defence, and relations with East Asia. Students visited the European Commission, the European Council, European External Action Service, House of European History, NATO headquarters, the European Parliament in Strasbourg and the Court of Justice in Luxembourg. The programme was coordinated by KF-VUB Korea Chair Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Stephan Klose and Paula Cantero Dieguez.

Brussels Programme on European Foreign Policy June 2019 – July 2019

The 2019 Brussels Programme on European Foreign Policy welcomed 17 undergraduate students from the University of Southern California. The programme explored contemporary security challenges in Europe, aiming to provide an understanding of the EU as an actor in the foreign, security and defence policy fields. The course examined the institutions of EU foreign and

LIST OF EXTERNALLY-FUNDED PROJECTS

security policy, the future of the transatlantic relationship, and regional challenges such as the Syria crisis and the resurgence of Russia. The course also tackled security challenges such as climate change and migration. Lecturers were invited from a pool of academics and practitioners, providing students with a multi-faceted understanding of the analytical and the empirical issues of European security institutions. The students also joined study visits to the European Parliament and NATO headquarters. The programme was led by Dr. Daniel Fiott and Prof. Dr. Luis Simon with assistance of Stephan Klose, and coordinated by Paula Cantero Dieguez and Marion Tomsett.

ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

and Energy Governance in the European Union” in the Euromaster. In addition, cluster researchers guest-lectured in other training and teaching programmes (including at the College of Europe).

VISIBILITY

The cluster analyses relevant developments in EU and international climate, environmental and energy law and policy, compares domestic law and policy, and explores governance arrangements and institutions.

PERSONNEL

In 2019, professors Sebastian Oberthür and Harri Kalimo, post-doctoral researchers Ingmar von Homeyer and Carlos Soria Rodríguez, project researcher Ólöf Söebech and ten pre-doctoral IES researchers contributed to the cluster. Max Salomon Jansson who is also a part of the European Economic Governance cluster, successfully defended his PhD on the reconciliation of economic and environmental values in law. Ernesto Roessing Neto continued to analyse legal aspects of reducing deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. Project and doctoral researchers Tomas Wyns and Gauri Khandekar investigate European and international climate and energy policy, focusing on industrial and innovation policy. Laura Iozzelli scrutinises the legitimacy and effectiveness of transnational regulatory initiatives in international climate and energy governance. Matilda Axelson continued her work on business models for industrial decarbonisation. Eleanor Mateo advanced her research on reconciling the environment, data and trade under the WTO in the digital age. Jana Gheuens started her PhD on ‘democratic myopia‘ and climate and energy governance in EU institutions at the beginning of 2019. Marco Giuli joined the cluster in September 2019 to work on a new FWO project on decarbonisation and security of supply in the European Union's external

energy policy. Aslak Veierud Busch began his PhD on the role of the European Union in Arctic governance in October 2019.

Associates included: Prof. Dr. Claire Dupont, Dr. Lisanne Groen, Prof. Dr. Kati Kulovesi and Dr. Koen Van Den Bossche.

EVENTS

The cluster organised two lunchtime Policy Fora on “Trump, Brexit and the BRICS: Toward Resilient International Organizations in a Post-Liberal World?” in March 2019 and on challenges and opportunities for the EU’s Arctic policy in November 2018. It also organised a workshop in the context of the Jean Monnet GOVTRAN on Governing the EU’s Climate and Energy Transition in Turbulent Times at the Istituto Affiari Internazionale in Rome in September/October 2019.

TEACHING

Sebastian Oberthür and Harri Kalimo continued to jointly give the course “European environmental law in an international context” and the "Case Study on Public International/EU Law", as a part of the IES’ LL.M programme. Harri furthermore taught the course “The Greening of the European Economy” in the Euromaster. Sebastian taught the course “Climate

Cluster members made various public appearances as keynote speakers, presenters, panellists and conference participants and appeared in Flemish, national and international media. The Jean Monnet Network GOVTRAN became a key flagship project of the cluster reinforcing its visibility in the European climate and energy governance community – see www.govtran.eu.

MAIN PROJECTS

• VUB Strategic Research Programme “Evaluating democratic governance in Europe” (EDGE) executed with the politics department of the ES faculty.

• Research project “COP21: Results, implications, pathways and policies for low-emissions European societies” (COP21–RIPPLES – 2016-2020) conducted by an international consortium with funding by the European Commission (Horizon 2020).

• Several research projects on industrial decarbonisation in the EU funded by the European Climate Foundation, Eurometaux and others.

• Research project “Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from wood and other biomass” (“Aviation Biofuels”) conducted by an international consortium with European Commission FP7 funding (2015-2019, with EEG) .

• Research project “Geopolitics of decarbonisation: A European foreign policy perspective” with Adelphi (Berlin), funded by the German Foreign Office (2017-2019).

• Jean Monnet Network “Governing the EU’s climate and energy transition in turbulent times” (GOVTRAN – 9/2018-08/2021) funded under the European Union’s Erasmus+ Programme .

• Research project “Policy integration: decarbonisation and security of supply in the European Union's external energy policy”, funded by the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO – 2019-2023).

• Research project “Roll out of local energy communities: a cooperative research project” (2019-2020 – ROLECS), funded under the flux50 programme.

• The cluster was involved in a number of further, smaller projects.

MIGRATION, DIVERSITY AND JUSTICE

MIGRATION, DIVERSITY AND JUSTICE

Members of the cluster also taught in the VUB Master in Political Science, the IES' Postgraduate Certificate, the IES' LLM programme, the IES' Summer Schools, the IES' Study Abroad programme, and the Inter-University Master Programme in Gender and Diversity. Outside of IES the cluster engaged in teaching and training activities a.o. with the College of Europe.

VISIBILITY AND EVENTS

The Migration, Diversity and Justice cluster focuses on migration, immigrant integration, justice and home affairs as well as diversity policies (from the local level to the EU and UN). We concentrate in particular on the following sub-themes: EU Justice and Home Affairs, The politics of refugee protection, migration and border control, Equality and diversity.

The MDJ cluster hosts and coordinates the ‘Brussels Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Migration and Minorities’ (BIRMM), which has become a recognised VUB Interdisciplinary Centre of Expertise since October 2019. Bringing together around 100 VUB researchers from 11 disciplines, BIRMM will be a key point of reference for VUB research on migration and minorities-related topics and will act as the university’s transmission belt to the outside world. In the context of BIRMM, VUB researchers currently write a book aiming to present their research in plain language to a wider audience.

PERSONNEL

Profs. Ilke Adam and Florian Trauner jointly lead the cluster. Richard Lewis, who was the originator of this cluster, and Prof. Alison Woodward (VUB emeritus professor) continue to act as advisers. Dr. Angela Tacea implements an FWO post-doctoral project in the field of EU Justice and Home Affairs. Other postdoctoral researchers include Dr. Serena D’Agostino who coordinates the VUB’s programme on ‘Evaluating Democratic Governance in Europe’ (EDGE) and Dr. Irina Van der Vet who works on three EU-funded projects on counterradicalization and EU policing (FAIRNESS, JP-Coops, Mindb4Act). Alice Vervaecke has supported her in meeting the projects’ objectives. Dr. Andrew Crosby

implements the Empower-Youth project, funded by Innoviris, and Dr. Mohammad Salman works on refugee integration policies. Sara Silvestre and Carla Mascia successfully defended their PhD projects in 2019, on, respectively, EU negotiations on asylum and the implementation of family migration policies. The cluster includes 11 doctoral candidates: Neepa Acharya, Laura Westerveen, Sibel Top, Hanna Schneider, Philipp Stutz, Omar N. Cham, Jimmy Hendry Nzally, Xiu Ling Ye, Lingyu Xu, Yijia Huang and Zoran Nechev. Throughout 2019, the cluster also welcomed seven visiting researchers and interns and closely cooperated with nine associated researchers.

PUBLICATIONS

In 2019, the researchers of the MDJ cluster wrote 6 peerreviewed journal articles, 10 book chapters, 10 policy briefs, 3 research reports, and several other (such as blogposts).

TEACHING

Profs. Ilke Adam and Florian Trauner jointly teach the course ‘European Immigration Policy’ for the IES' MSc in European Integration (Euromaster). Prof. Adam is also the convenor of this programme’s course on 'Diversity Policies in the EU'.

The cluster's research themes 'Migration and Diversity' have not lost public salience. Cluster members were invited to lecture, speak at policy events, advise policy makers and provide commentary for the media. The MDJ cluster organised 13 public events, notably IES policy fora. A public discussion on the EU-West African cooperation on migration issues was organised together with the United Nations University (UNU-CRIS) in Bruges. The cluster also organized BIRMM research days. The cluster hosted the academic launch of the UNDP Research Report ‘Scaling Fences. The Voices of Irregular African Migrants to Europe’. Findings and recommendations were presented by Ms. Ahuna Eziakonwa, Director UNDP Africa and Mr. Mohamed Yahya, Resident Representative, UNDP Nigeria. Findings were discussed by Prof. Dr Ine Lietaert UNU-CRIS and UGent, Prof. Dr. Ilse Ruyssen, UGent, IES PhD researcher Mr. Omar N. Cham and Dr. Ortun Merkle, UNU-MERIT. The launch was introduced by Prof. Dr. Ilke Adam.

MAIN PROJECTS

• VUB Interdisciplinary Centre of Expertise (IRP) ‘Brussels interdisciplinary research centre on migration and minorities’ (BIRMM).

• Jean Monnet Chair ‘Explaining EU action in counter-terrorism’ (EXACT) (587456-EPP-1-20171-BE-EPPJMO-CHAIR).

• Work Package Leader of the EU H2020-project ‘MINDb4ACT’ on tackling radicalization leading to violent extremism’.

• Completion of the project African migration: root causes and regulatory dynamics’ (AMIREG)’, grant by the United Nations University (UNU-CRIS).

• ‘EMPOWER-YOUTH’ project on levers and obstacles to societal and civic participation by disadvantaged youngsters in Brussels, granted by Innoviris (Anticipate program).

• EDGE project on Evaluating democratic governance in Europe, jointly managed by the IES and the VUB’s Political Science Departement.

• Funding obtained for a WP within the Maxipac project (Maximizing previously acquired competences of immigrants), funded by the European Integration Fund.

• Angela Tacea’s FWO postdoctoral fellowship on ‘Who wins the legislative battle?

Tracing legislative change and policy ideas in the area of freedom, security and justice’, (conducted in partnership with the VUB’s Artificial Intelligence Lab).

INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

The International Security cluster operates at the crossroads of geopolitical analysis, strategic studies and European Studies. In keeping with an increasingly turbulent international landscape, cluster researchers analyse the on-going re-ordering of the European geopolitical architecture and how it relates to the wider world. In 2019, the work of cluster members was featured in leading journals in International Relations and Security studies, including the European Journal of International Relations, the Journal of Strategic Studies, Survival, the Journal of Common Market Studies, European Security, etc.

PERSONNEL

The International Security cluster is headed by Prof. Dr. Luis Simón, and includes Prof. Dr. Alexander Mattelaer Prof. Dr. Luk van Langenhove Prof. Dr. Richard Higgott Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo (Korea Chair); Prof. Dr Tongfi Kim Prof. Dr. Daniel Fiott (Visiting Professor); Dr Jordan Becker (US Army Fellow in Transatlantic Relations); Dr Michael Reiterer (Distinguished Associate Professor); Dr Liviu Horovitz (Postdoctoral Fellow); Dr Stephan Klose (Postdoctoral Researcher); Dr. Raluca Csernatoni (Guest Professor); Dr. Antonio Calcara (Adjunct Professor); and Young-Hun Kim and Young-In Lee (Visiting Fellows with the Korea Chair).

In 2019 the cluster also included the following PhD researchers: Asma Akbar, Linde Desmaele Maximilian Ernst, Stephan Klose (now Postdoctoral Fellow), Antonios Nestoras, Elie Perot, Laura Vansina and Maaike Verbruggen. In 2019, the EL-CSID project came to an end, and we said

goodbye to Project Researcher Elke Boers as well as SkłodowskaCurie Fellows Dr. Jan Claudius Völkel and Dr. Chantal Lavallée.

EVENTS

The International Security cluster organized several events to stimulate discussion and bring academics and policymakers together. One of the main highlights of 2019 was Stephan Klose’s defense of his PhD on “Four Essays on Role Theory's Added Value for IR and EU”. Other relevant events include a workshop and a public conference on “Deterrence in an era of Great Power Competition: Views from Europe and East Asia”; a seminar on “Northeast Asia’s Security Environment: Focus on the Rule of Law and Regional Order?”; the “Belgian defence debate” in the lead-up to the Belgian elections, bringing together defence specialists from different political parties for a lively debate; a policy workshop on European security and transatlantic relations, organised jointly with the NATO Defense College

INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

and European Initiative on Security Studies; or a conference on “The Drone Age: Issues, actors and perspectives”.

The KF-VUB Korea Chair organized multiple panels, including a breakfast roundtable on “Where do we stand in inter-Korean relations and with North Korea” and a panel discussion on “The Korean peninsula in flux: Nuclear weapons, trade, peace”. Together with Brookings and the Asan Institute, the KF-VUB Korea Chair also organised a conference in Washington DC on “Trans-Atlantic and trans-Pacific dialogue: Alliances at crossroads.”

TEACHING

Luis Simón taught courses on ‘EU External Relations’ and ‘European Security’. Alexander Mattelaer again taught the courses on ‘Political Structures and Processes of the European Union' and, together with Elie Perot, 'International Security and Strategic Studies' at the VUB. Raluca Csernatoni was in charge of the course ‘European Security and Counter-Terrorism’. Luis Simón and Daniel Fiott organised the ‘Brussels Programme on European Foreign Policy’ and Stephan Klose the ‘SNU in the EU’ summer course, both supported by Paula Cantero. Antonio Calcara taught the courses ‘History of global conflicts and global security’ and ‘Global Perspectives on the history and ideas of peace’. Stephan Klose and Tongfi Kim taught the course ‘The theory and Practice of International Relations’ and Stephan Klose alone taught ‘Transnational Network Diplomacy and Global Public Policy”.

VISIBILITY

The members of the International Security Cluster were prominently visible through their participation in numerous international conferences and lectures, and the publication of multiple policy briefs and commentaries in prestigious outlets such as the German Marshall Fund of the United States, Carnegie Europe, the Egmont Institute, War on the Rocks, etc. Their research and expertise was also featured in international and local media, including outlets from Argentina, Belgium, Chile, the EU, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, UK, and USA. They were featured, amongst others, in 38 North, ABS Radio, Agenda Pública, BBC, Bloomberg, Daily Mail, De Standaard, El Mundo, El País, Herald, Joongang Ilbo, Knack, Korea Herald, L'Echo, L'Indro, Monocle, Naver, Newspim, Newsweek, NK News, Observador, OndaCero, Peace and Prosperity, Perfil, Publimetro, Radio Free Asia, Reuters, RTVE, Spears, TBS, The Diplomat, The Economist, The National Interest, The Straits Times, UPI, Verkkouutiset, VG, Vice, Voice of America, VoxEurop.eu, VRT, VUB Today, and Wall Street Journal. They also played an important role supporting the university and policymakers, including through attending the royal Belgian state visit to South Korea, advising several governments and international bodies (including the European Commission and NATO), presenting their research at the European Parliament, and taking part in the VUB Dual-Use Ethics Committee.

EUROPEAN ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE

The European Economic Governance cluster works on economic law and policy and democratic governance along four intertwined lines of research: The digital economy, The greening economy, Governance of the Internet; Governance on the Internet, Governance of European Economies and Markets.

PERSONNEL

In 2019, eleven researchers, nine associates and three visiting researcher contributed to the EEG cluster’s work. Prof. Dr. Harri Kalimo, and with part time positions Prof. Dr. Jamal Shahin, Prof. Dr. Marie Lamensch, Prof. Dr. Trisha Meyer and Dr. Ferran Davesa a re sen ior/post-doctoral scholars. Ólöf Söebech conducts research on projects, while PhD researchers include Orsolya Gulyás, Max Jansson, Klaudia Majcher, Lea Mateo, Diana Potjomkina and Fausta Todhe. (Senior) associates were Dr. Daniel Acquah, David Anderson Dr. Karim Hamza, Prof. Kati Kulovesi, Dr. Andrea Mairate, Dr. Paolo Pasimeni, Dr. Heiko Prange-Gstöhl, Jorge Torres and Prof. Ben Van Rompuy.

Nevin Alija, Salla Mikkonen and Marta Ottanelli contributed as visiting researchers, Paige Bernecker and Helen Williams as interns.

EVENTS

The EEG cluster (co-)organised e.g. the second edition of the Trade Defence Instruments (TDI) Expert Conference, PARENT project workshops and final conference, and an international colloquium on trade and civil society with the Institut des Amériques (Nouvelle Sorbonne University). The cluster also hosted six inter-university PhD and post-doc seminar sessions on legal and political theory (“Vir tuosi” series). A ground-breaking approach was used by EEG researchers with Tampere University in the Council Working party on youth policy: the IES students chaired the meeting.

TEACHING

The EEG Cluster continued its substantial contributions in the IES educational programmes in managing and teaching functions. Marie Lamensch teaches a course in PILC and at the VUB’s Law Faculty, KU Leuven, UC Louvain as well as the IBFD’s International Tax Academy. Trisha Meyer taught at Vesalius College and the VUB Communication Studies department, and continued to coordinate the IES Summer School on EU Policy-Making. Harri Kalimo continued as the Director of PILC and (until July) EuroMaster, and is a professor of two courses in both the PILC and EuroMaster, and one in Tampere. He was appointed a professor of law in the Circular Economy at the University of Eastern Finland (part time).

Jamal Shahin took over the management of the Euromaster programme, and taught two courses. As a Senior Lecturer in European Studies (tenured, part-time) at the University of Amsterdam, he continued to run BA and MA courses and sits on the Programme Committee. Diana Potjomkina worked as an assistant at Ghent University, and Ferran Davesa taught in the VUB/IRMO Summer School. EEG conducted interactive lectures in the IES’ Summer School and were in PhD juries in Belgium and abroad. The cluster supervised PhD theses in the cluster (6), IES (2) and beyond (2).

VISIBILITY

As pr ofessors in num erous univ ersities (Am sterdam, Eastern Finland, KU Leuven, Tampere, Turku and UCL), the cluster professors have permanent visibility in the academia beyond VUB.

Beyond academia, the cluster is in various steering and programme committees (e.g. EPC), the Commission’s VAT Expert Group and of the WCO’s Working Group on e-commerce. Cluster members were invited to speak by e.g. the Council of Europe, the University of Cambridge, and the EU’s Chief Scientific advisors, and acted as evaluators to H2020 proposals.

MAIN PROJECTS

• Rethinking the European Economy, ccology, and their interactions (rECOncile)

2016-2019

European Commission – Jean Monnet Chair

• Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from wood and other biomass (BSFJ)

2015-2019

European Commission - FP7

• Participatory platform for sustainable energy management (PARENT)

2016-2019

European Commission – JPI Urban Europe (H2020) and Innoviris Brussels

• DESIGNSCAPES: Feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels

2019 – 2019

European Commission – H2020

• Evaluating democratic governance in Europe (SRP EDGE II)

2017-2022

VUB

• The Contribution of ‘regional’ multistakeholders mechanisms in improving global governance (GREMLIN)

2017-2021

UNU -CRIS | VUB OZR Grant

• SOLVIT III, IV & V

2019

European Commission – EASME tender

• Freedom of Expression and Addressing Disinformation on the Internet

2019-2020, UNESCO/ITU

• Europe Explained. 2019-2022. European Commission: Jean Monnet Module

• Sacrificing Freedom of Expression to Tackle Fake News?

2018-2019, European Parliament: STOA

• EU Explained. 2016-2019, European Commission: Jean Monnet Module

EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT UNIT

The Educational Development Unit is the Institute’s hub for excellence in education through innovative teaching and active learning pedagogies, home to the Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy Making (PGC, blended-learning), the annual transatlantic EuroSim Model European Union (large-scale simulation game), and in charge of digital learning instructional design and professional development, as well as thematic research on teaching and learning.

PERSONNEL

The activities of the Educational Development Unit were carried out in 2019 by Silviu Piros (programme management, research and teaching), René Hermens (instructional design and education technology) and Marion Tomsett (student affairs and registration). Silviu Piros was in charge of the overall good functioning of the 7th PGC in EU Policy Making by providing appropriate oversight and managing the various academic aspects of the programme. His teaching duties to the programme included as always, the course on History and Theories of European Integrations in the first semester and European Union Foreign affairs in the second semester. As TACEUSS Faculty Advisor for the VUB, Silviu was in charge of delivering the EuroSim module and organising the study trip for the IES delegation of students in New York in March 2019. Silviu’s project portfolio consisted in 2019 of the Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence (VOWED) and Jean Monnet Chair (EXACT), both in their second year of implementation. He was also involved in the successful acquisition of two new Jean Monnet Modules: ECONDIS with Sven Van Kerckhoven and EU NEXT with Trisha Meyer. René Hermens provided in 2019 instructional support for the Institute’s teaching staff focusing on facilitating and diversifying pedagogical methods for both on campus and blended learning courses. He was in charge of the good functioning and development of the

IES Canvas digital learning infrastructure and manned the on-site media recording facility. Marion Tomsett was responsible in 2019 for the smooth administration of the PGC in EU Policy Making programme and the Inter-University Summer School from enrollment to graduation, and contributed to the positive student experience both online and on campus. EDU research associate Alexandra Mihai continued to provide teaching support for the Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy Making, specifically for the courses on EU Public Policy Analysis and European Union Institutions. Finally, EDU associate Mihalis Kritikos provided teaching support for the course on EU Decision-making and Law for the same programme.

TEACHING AND DIGITAL LEARNING DEVELOPMENT

The cluster’s core programme – the Postgraduate Certificate in EU Policy Making – consists of five online courses and the inter-university summer school. In 2019 a number of both smaller and more consistent changes were operated both at course and programme levels. A number of courses saw content changes and adjustments to reflect the changing nature of the EU policy-making agenda itself. Namely, the teaching structure of the course on European Public Policy Analysis was reshaped from a 12-week policy-area focus (that once catered to the needs of the US Hendrix study

EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT UNIT

abroad programme) to a 6-module system (consistent with the rest of the courses), each mirroring one of von der Leyen’s six Commission priorities for 2019-24. A formal change was operated to the course on History and Theories of European Integration whereby the length of the course was extended from a one-semester course to a yearlong course. In practice the course will still take place during the first semester of the academic year, but students will be allowed to take the final exam also in the second semester. The rationale behind this is to give more flexibility to students that very often come from across Europe and beyond to reduce their mandatory trips to Brussels from two to one. The long-term strategy however is to replace all in situ exams with online exams. Finally, 2019 saw the first steps taken towards diversifying the building blocks of the programmes. The structure now includes a number of core courses and electives, allowing students to opt for the topics that interest them the most.

TEACHING EXCELLENCE GRANTS

The EDU runs the IES Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence VOWED – ‘Virtually Excellent: Opening Europe to the World through Innovative Education’ and the Jean Monnet Chair EXACT – Explaining EU Action on Counterterrorism with Florian Trauner. In 2019 the outputs of these projects continued to be delivered and are available on their respective project websites. Two additional projects, namely the Jean Monnet Modules (ECONDIS and NEXT EU) kicked-off in 2019 and the EDU will play its part in implementing and bringing an innovative angle to their outputs.

RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

Silviu Piros continued his work on teaching and learning effectiveness and innovation, as well as the role and relevance of the EU higher education policy, producing two publications in 2019, a peer-reviewed journal article and a chapter in an edited volume (full titles are available in the publications list). Furthermore, Silviu was coopted in 2019 as European Commission and European Training Foundation expert on Vocational Education and Training (VET) and invited to speak at a number of conferences and workshops, and notably the Eastern Partnership Regional Forum in October 2019. Silviu was also the Teaching and Learning Politics Section Chair for the ECPR General Conference in Wrocław, in September 2019, as well as presenter at the World Innovation Summit on Education (WISE) in Doha, in November 2019.

EDUCATION

Education is a core component of the IES' strategy. Formally, the Institute is required to issue an average of 50 diplomas per year for its two Master-after-Master Programmes, which the IES has achieved since its inception. Moreover the Institute delivers a blended learning Postgraduate Certificate programme, organises an annual Summer School on European Policy-Making and a SNU Summer Training Programme, takes part in a transatlantic Model European Union (EuroSim) and offers a variety of digital learning modules and executive trainings.

Sven Van Kerckhoven Vice-Dean for Education

EDUCATION - STRATEGIC GOALS

LL.M IN INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW ADVANCED MASTER IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER)

Delivering 50 diplomas per year on average (as required by Government Agreement) while paying attention to quality control;

In 2018-2019, 21 students graduated from our LLM programme and 19 from our EuroMaster programme (total: 40). With 34 enrolled students in our LLM programme and 72 in EuroMaster in the academic year 2019-20, the number of graduates continues to follow the increasing trend that set in a few years ago.

Ensuring attractiveness of programmes (through programme reviews, enhanced recruitment, quality control, etc.);

After the reform of its EuroMaster curriculum, whereby the programme was adapted so as to closely align with the IES research structure by offering students the opportunity to specialise in 2 EU policy areas, the IES also updated the curriculum of its LLM programme in 2018, to which a Data Law specialisation option was added. Being one of the first LLM programmes in the world to offer this option, the IES’ PILC programme lives up to its reputation of frontrunner in legal education. In 2019, there were no significant curriculum changes in EuroMaster or LLM. A significant development in 2019, however, was the appointment of IES Research Professor Jamal Shahin as Programme Director of the EuroMaster programme.

EDUCATION STRATEGIC GOALS

Ensuring financial viability (through increase in tuition fees, search for external funding, etc.);

In 2019 the IES had a very successful year in terms of search for external funding. Non-governmental funding amounts to 59% of the IES’ total funding (50% in 2016, 53% in 2017, and 61% in 2018).

Enhancing the link between research and teaching (through the development of courses within research clusters and themes that can be offered in the curriculum);

In 2018-19, the IES developed two online courses that are now offered as elective courses in its blended-learning Postgraduate Cer tificate programme: the EU Justice and Home Affairs course and the Terrorism and Counterterrorism in Europe course.

Investigate the development of Executive Master programmes and Research Master programmes at the IES; Ensuring excellence in education by continuously developing innovative teaching pedagogies and active learning formats. In 2018 the IES managed to bring new active learning formats to our traditional educational portfolio and further expand its digital and blended-learning offerings. It hosted a Model European Union and designed a new postgraduate cer tificate to complement the existing one, and jointly built the blocks for the Institute’s first online master programme, expected to be operational in 2021.

Digital learning training for the Institute’s teaching staff

In the past year, we built the foundations for continuous professional development by designing and developing an online course on educational design. Topics range from learning goals to assessment and feedback, and from designing authentic teaching activities to the use of multimedia and tools for interactivity.

IES SUMMER SCHOOL & POSTGRADUATE CERTIFICATE

Annual organisation of the IES Summer School and (at least one) Postgraduate Certificate; developing pedagogical expertise and exploiting research capacity to further develop educational offers; regular review of contents and consider transforming Postgraduate programmes into Executive Masters;

Both the Summer School & Postgraduate Cer tificate in EU Policy Making were organised in 2018-19. 29 students (13 Summer School and 16 Postgraduate Cer tificate par ticipants) attended the Summer School in 2019, which was organised for the 16th time. The theme of the Summer School was changed to ‘Human Security in the EU’. 16 students completed the Postgraduate Certificate in the 2018-19 academic year.

E-learning modules: updating of platform (2016); integration into existing programmes.

As reported in previous years, a new state-of-the-ar t e-learning platform (Canvas) was taken into service in 2016. This platform was subsequently integrated into our Study Abroad Programme, in the shape of an EU online course on European Public Policy Analysis jointly taken by Postgraduate Cer tificate and Study Abroad students. Further courses were prepared in 2017, and the platform was also introduced to the PILC and Euromaster students.

AIMS, OBJECTIVES AND DEVELOPMENTS

The LLM in International and European Law of the IES (“PILC”) has over its 47 year long history educated almost 1300 law graduates from 108 countries. The programme is tailored for demanding global careers in law, as the profiles of its outstanding alumni demonstrate. PILC continues to build on its impressive legacy and the very positive reviews it has received at international and Flemish levels. There is clearly demand for broad, cutting edge education on main areas of European and international law. At the international level, the shift in the American leadership, and the ensuing crumbling of the multilateral world order, can be witnessed in for example the climate negotiations and the crippling developments at the WTO and its Dispute Settlement System. The EU is building an ambitious strategic plan in response to the challenges, with themes such as a Green Deal, a stronger EU in the world and an Economy that Works for People in the making.

PILC maintains a close eye on these trends, while it also remains vigilant in the stiffening global competition for postgraduate law students. The Programme indeed frames the challenging environment as an asset: in Brussels, students can be offered an unparalleled combination of knowledge, skills and networks to deal with the uncertainties of the European and global future. In close collaboration with the communications team of the IES, PILC continued to successfully respond to these tendencies with a record number

LLM INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW (PILC)

of applications for 2019-2020. The Programme also consolidated the specialisation option on Data law in its curriculum, with very positive feedback from the students.

PROGRAMME

PILC maintains its vision of offering a truly international group of lawyers a demanding, carefully designed LLM programme that combines essential areas of European and international law. The curriculum consists of compulsory courses, three specialisation options (Business Law Data Law and Public Law) and a Master’s thesis on a subject of the student’s choice.

PILC maintains also the philosophy of a limited class size to ensure high

interaction amongst the students and professors – creating a bond that lasts. The alumni and professors offer the students a wide global network to enter future careers.

STAFF

Excellence in teaching is a core part of the Programme’s vision. The dedicated PILC staff offers studentcentric education of the highest quality in an environment characterized by intensive interactions, critical thinking and a convivial atmosphere. The IES staff teaching in the programme in 2018-2019 were professors de Gucht, Kalimo, Lamensch and Oberthür. Prof Kalimo continued as the Director of the programme (Prof. Joris Co-Director), assisted by Marleen Van Impe as the

33% 32% 35% Business option Data option Public option LLM STUDENTS ACCORDING TO SPECIALISATION OPTION 2019-2020 60% 40% Male Female LLM STUDENTS ACCORDING TO GENDER 2019-2020

LLM INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW (PILC)

COMPULSORY COURSES

COURSE LECTURER

EU Institutional Framework and Judicial Protection Prof. Dirk Arts, Prof. Youri Devuyst

International and Comparative Law Prof. Ricardo Gosalbo Bono, Prof. Stefaan Smis

Globalisation, International Law & Sustainable Development Prof. Servaas van Thiel

International and European Protection of Human Rights Prof. Serge Gutwirth

EU Economic Law Prof. Tony Joris

International Economic Law and Organisations Prof. Frank Hoffmeister

International and EU Competition Law Prof. Ben Smulders

EU External Relations Prof. Karel De Gucht

OPTIONAL COURSES

Public Law Option Business Law Option Data Law Option COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER

Case Study on Public International/ EU Law

EU Environmental Law in an International Context

International and European Criminal Law

MASTER

Prof. Harri Kalimo, Prof. Sebastian Oberthür

Prof. Harri Kalimo, Prof. Sebastian Oberthür

Prof. Paul de Hert

Case Study on European Competition Law Prof. Tony Joris

International and European Data Protection Law

Prof. Christopher Kuner

European and International Private Law Prof. Arnaud Nuyts

Data Policies in the European Union Prof. Gloria Gonzalez Fuster

International and European Taxation Prof. Marie Lamensch

Prof. Joris Van Hoboken

LLM INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW (PILC)

Programme Secretary. Dr. Carlos Soria, who holds a PhD from the IES, was nominated to a part time role in assisting the programme management.

STUDENTS

The PILC students’ year 2018-2019 started off by the traditional visit to a Press briefing at the heart of the Commission, the Berlaymont. The visit was hosted by PILC Professor Smulders (Head of Cabinet 1st Vice President Timmermans), with whom the students engaged in a lively discussion after the briefing.

The PILC field trip to the Court of Justice of the EU took place on 12 February 2019. The students were invited after the oral hearing of the Court to the traditional, exclusive talk and lunch by CJEU President Koen Lenaerts. The group was joined in the lunch also by a PILC alumnus serving at the bench of the Court, the Irish judge Eugene Regan. These types of moments offer inspiring insights in some of the most thrilling legal careers there are, and show how the Programme helps in preparing them. The students’ career development was complemented by lunches with PILC alumni of diverse profiles, and with meetings in the VUB career services.

An exciting novelty this academic year was the opportunity to take part in the “EuroSIM” simulation game on the EU’s Ordinary Legislative Procedure. The event was arranged by over 20 European and American Universities and took place in New York City. Four PILC students had the opportunity to take part in this exciting trip.

In the academic year 2018-2019, 21 students graduated from the programme. 5 students graduated with the grade greatest distinction, 8 with great distinction, 6 with distinction and 2 with satisfaction. 4 graduates obtained the grade Summa Cum Laude from their theses, which entitled them to the Outstanding Master Thesis Award. Speeches by student representative Alessandra Calvi and EuroMaster Alumnae Queenie Swerts from the National Bank of Belgium were part of the memorable graduation ceremony in July 2019.

As for the starting 2019-20 cohort, 34 students enrolled, representing 22 countries. 14 come from the EU, the rest from other European countries, South-America, Africa and Asia. The academic year was opened by an Inaugural lecture by IES President, former Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht.

LLM STUDENTS ACCORDING TO GEOGRAPHICAL SPREAD 2019-2020

MSC EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER)

NEW EUROMASTER DIRECTOR

Professor Kalimo was the acting Co-director (together with Prof. Marc Jegers), since the summer of 2013 and was coordinating the programme until July 2019. The new Programme Director, Professor Jamal Shahin was officially nominated to replace him at that time.

PROGRAMME

Our EuroMaster programme has been tailored to give international students and professionals the opportunity to combine studies on European Integration with their professional activities. Lectures are organised in the evenings and the programme can be completed over either one or two years.

The programme comprises 60 ECTS and starts with a common core of courses on the essential features of European Integration and research skill development. After this, students can choose two options out of four specialisation streams, in Economics, Environment, Migration and Security. The programme ends with a 15,000-word thesis worth 15 ECTS, allowing the students to engage in an exciting intellectual journey on the topic of their choice.

LLM graduation ceremony

MSC EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER)

COMPULSORY COURSES

COURSE LECTURER

Economics of the European Union Prof. Caroline Buts

Policymaking and Interest Representation in the EU Prof. Jamal Shahin

History and Law of the European Union Prof. Youri Devuyst

Research Methods Lab Prof. Jamal Shahin

SPECIALISATION OPTIONS

European Economy Migration and Europe

COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER

European Monetary and Fiscal Policy Prof. Leo Van Hove, Prof. Loïc Debels Diversity Policies in the EU Prof. Ilke Adam

EU Internal Market & Competition Policy Prof. Harri Kalimo European Immigration Policy Prof. Ilke Adam, Prof. Florian Trauner

European External Relations and Security Policy European Environmental Governance

COURSE LECTURER COURSE LECTURER

European Security and Counter terrorism Prof. Raluca Csernatoni The Greening of the European Economy Prof. Harri Kalimo

European External Relations Prof. Luis Simon Navarro European Climate and Energy Governance Prof. Sebastian Oberthür

MASTER THESIS

MSC EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (EUROMASTER)

STUDENTS

A total of 19 students graduated from the 2018-2019 Programme. The EuroMaster Programme has always boasted a versatile, international selection of students from all around the world, and taken into account a balanced representation of geographic regions, including, when possible, the legal advancement of developing countries. For the academic year 2019-2020, 72 students were enrolled in the Programme. 42 new students started, and 30 students re-enrolled from previous academic years to continue their part-time studies. Out of the 42 new students, 7 opted for the Economy & Migration combination, 5 for Economy & Security 6 for Economy & Environment, 5 for Migration & Environment, 14 for Security & Migration and finally 5 for the Environment & Security combination.

Of the 30 who re-enrolled 4 opted for European Politics & Social Integration, 5 for Economy & Environment, 2 for Economy & Migration, 4 for Economy & Security 2 for Environment & Security, 3 for Migration & Environment, 10 for Security & Migration.

EUROMASTER STUDENTS ACCORDING TO GENDER 2019-2020

EUROMASTER STUDENTS ACCORDING TO GEOGRAPHICAL SPREAD 2019-2020

Graduation of EuroMaster students, July 2019

EUROMASTER STUDENTS ACCORDING TO GENDER ACADEMIC YEAR 2019-

POSTGRADUATE CERTIFICATE IN EU POLICY-MAKING

CHARACTERISTICS AND OBJECTIVES

The Postgraduate Cer tificate (PGC) in EU Policy Making combines five online courses with the Inter-University Summer School on EU Policy Making, using blended learning pedagogies. This academic programme aims to provide students and young professionals with sound knowledge on the history and theories of European integration, the functioning of the main EU institutions and their role in the decision-making process, the principles and characteristics of EU law, and the main aspects of EU internal and external policies. The online courses run from September to May, covering the following topics:

• History and Theories of European Integration (4 ECTS)

• European Union Institutions (4 ECTS)

• EU Decision Making and Law (4ECTS)

• European Union Public Policy Analysis (4 ECTS)

• European Union Foreign Affairs (4ECTS)

The blended learning approach designed and perfected by the IES’ Educational Development Unit

combines the asynchronous aspects of online learning with interactive assignments and live webinars. Moreover, each student is assigned a tutor, ready to guide him or her through the learning process. The courses are complemented by a two-week interactive Inter-University Summer School on EU Policy Making, which takes place in July (see separate section for further details).

DEVELOPMENTS & STUDENT STATISTICS IN 2019

In 2019, fifteen students from five European countries, and one nonEuropean country graduated with a Postgraduate Cer tificate in EU Policy Making. Furthermore 20 students from nine EU countries, and one non-EU country are enrolled in the Programme in the academic year 2019-2020.

JEAN MONNET SUMMER SCHOOL

ON EU POLICY-MAKING

For the 16th time, the IES joined forces with the Diplomatische Akademie Wien – Vienna School of International Studies Vienna and the University of Vienna to organise the InterUniversity Summer School on EU PolicyMaking. The intensive two-week programme was held one week in Brussels and one week in Vienna from Monday 1st to Friday 12th July 2019.

Packed with interactive seminars and study visits, the summer school attracts students and young professionals who wish to broaden their knowledge of the European institutions, European law and the European decisionmaking process in general.

Thematically, human security in today’s EU was in the spotlight. We offered participants insights into several aspects of security, including security in its traditional sense (such as defence, justice, home affairs) but also from a societal perspective (such as climate change, migration, inclusion).

In terms of human resources, the Head of Programme Silviu Piros managed the academic aspects of the programme as well as curriculum development (together with EDU associate researchers and invited experts), while Student Registration Officer Marion Tomsett handled the administration of the programme.

The first week in Brussels emphasised the various decision-making actors and key policy areas of the European Union, while also looking at issues on governance, participation and legitimacy. Lectures, discussions and exercises facilitated by academics and practitioners were complemented with study visits to EU institutions and the House of European History.

STAFF

Postgraduate Certificate and Summer School study visit, July 2019

PGC and Summer School students, in Vienna, July 2019

PGC and Summer School students in Vienna, July 2019

Postgraduate Certificate and Summer School study visit, July 2019

JEAN MONNET SUMMER SCHOOL ON EU POLICY-MAKING

The second week in Vienna built on the first week and offered in-depth knowledge on EU policy-making in a number of fields. It also opened up to EU foreign relations. Lectures and interactive exchanges with experts were complemented with visits to the United Nations, the Austrian Mission to the UN in Vienna, the EU Fundamental Rights Agency and the EU Delegation to the UN in Vienna.

Throughout the two weeks, the summer school participants simulated (renewed) negotiations on humanitarian visas within and between the European Commission, Council and Parliament. The aim of the simulation exercise was to gain in-depth knowledge of EU decision-making procedures and logic on a human security related policy file.

We also held a public event, open to summer school alumni and other externals. We screened the documentary “Once the Sea was Covered with Water” and discussed the impact of EU decision-making on the island of Lampedusa and the migration emergency at Europe's borders.

The Inter-University Summer School on European Union Policy-Making is a Jean Monnet Module and is made possible with the support of the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union. In 2019, Marion Tomsett and Trisha Meyer jointly coordinated the programme.

BRUSSELS PROGRAMME ON EUROPEAN FOREIGN POLICY

CHARACTERISTICS AND OBJECTIVES

From 3 June to 5 July, the International Security cluster hosted the eleventh edition of the Brussels Programme on European Foreign Policy with students from the University of Southern California (USC). The programme ran for a duration of five weeks and was led by Prof. Dr. Luis Simon and Prof. Dr. Daniel Fiott, and coordinated by Ms. Paula Cantero Dieguez and Ms. Marion Tomsett.

DEVELOPMENTS IN 2019

In 2019, 17 USC students participated in the summer programme which included intensive lectures on European foreign and security policy taught by policy-makers and professors from leading universities, and parttime internships. The students took internship positions at Brussels-based think-tanks, international organisations, associations, law firms, consultancies, media companies and private organisations. A few examples are Egmont Institute, Airbus Group, Elcano Royal Institute, Atlantic Treaty Association, Network of Universities from the Capitals of Europe (UNICA), European Centre for International Political Economy (ECIPE), Sidley Austin, Young & Global Partners, International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) and Centre for European Reform. To enrich the academic experiences, the students went on study trips to the European Parliament and NATO. They spent a full morning at NATO, sitting in on presentations by the Programme Officer for the United States who spoke about NATO’s

current priorities, and the Head of Operational Preparedness who discussed challenges for NATO’s operational planning.

PROGRAMME

The programme’s opening was kicked-off with an orientation visit at the IES and on the VUB campus followed by a reception lunch. In the afternoon, the students were welcomed by their internship hosts where they spent the rest of the week getting to know the working environment. From the second week on, the students attended two-hour lectures in the mornings and went to their internships in the afternoons. The intensive lectures started with an introduction to the European Union’s history, integration and foreign policy. The following week provided a view on European security challenges, migration and EU-UN relations. Week four focused on EU’s response to Brexit, cyber security challenges and hybrid threats, as well as NATO’s response to conventional and emerging security challenges. The final week covered EU and international trade, the transatlantic relationship and EU’s external environmental policy. The programme was completed with submission of a course essay, an in-class exam, and the students received certificates of participation.

USC students visiting NATO, Brussels

PGC and Summer School students in the European Commission, July 2019

PGC and Summer School students in Brussels, July 2019

Jean Monnet Summer School students visiting Council, July 2019

SARA SILVESTRE

PhD in Political Science, March 2019

IES researcher Sara Silvestre successfully defended her PhD thesis entitled ‘Understanding the Negotiation Behaviour of Member States in the Council of the EU: The Case of the Asylum Procedures Directive’. It was a double PhD between the IES (supervisor Prof. Florian Trauner) and ISCTE –The University Institute of Lisbon (supervisors Profs. Robert Ladrech and João Miguel de Carvalho). While the private defence took place at the VUB, the official one was organised in Lisbon on 29 March 2019.

Headed by IES professor Ilke Adam in Brussels and Prof. Pedro Adão e Silva in Lisbon, the jury consisted of Natascha Zaun (LSE), Catherine Moury (Universidade Nova, Lisbon), and Helge Jorgens (ISCTE Lisbon).

Awarding a ‘distinction’, the jury unanimously praised the quality of Sara’s work, which offers up-to-date insights into the negotiation strategies of member states in the field of EU asylum policy.

MAX JANSSON

PhD in Law, August 2019

On 24 August, IES and University of Turku Joint-PhD candidate Max Jansson defended his doctoral thesis publicly on the legal aspects of PPMs in interstate trade at the University of Turku. In his work, Jansson examined specifically the environmental PPM-criteria on renewable energy implemented by the EU Member States and U.S. states from the perspective of rules on free trade. Jansson argued that under WTO law, EU free movement law and U.S. constitutional law, PPM-criteria can indeed be adopted both for in-state production and imported goods, as long as the criteria are carefully designed. Max’s findings and conclusions provide valuable insights to stakeholders that design and apply sustainability criteria and programs on essential products such as biofuels or electricity from renewable resources.The PhD defense started with an introductory speech by Jansson, followed by an opening statement by professor Gareth Davies (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam). Prof. Davies concluded that the book formed a comprehensive analysis on a topic of great significance for trade law.

COMPLETED PhD PROJECTS

CARLA MASCIA

PhD in Political Science, August 2019

On 28 August 2019, Ms. Carla Mascia successfully defended her PhD on the implementation of (family) migration policies. It was a joint PhD between IES, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and GERME, Université Libre de Bruxelles, co-supervised by Prof. Ilke Adam (IES-VUB) and Prof. Andrea Rea (GERME, ULB). Further members of the jury were: Prof. Dirk Jacobs (ULB), Prof. Florian Trauner (VUB), Prof. Dirk Jacobs (ULB), Prof. Saskia Bonjour (University of Amsterdam) and Prof. Sylvie Saroléa (Université Catholique de Louvain).

Carla Mascia observed the decisionmaking processes within the Belgian immigration office and demonstrates, amongst others, how working conditions, sometimes more than the law, determine the bureaucrats’ decisions.

STEPHAN KLOSE

PhD in Political Science, November 2019

In his dissertation, defended on 14 November 2019, Stephan addresses two shortcomings in the role theory literature – role theory’s conceptual ambiguity and the lack of engagement of role theorists in relevant disciplinary debates – which together have obscured role theory’s value for the study of international affairs. Headed by IES Vice-Dean for Research Prof. Alexander Mattelaer, Stephan’s jury consisted of his supervisor Prof. Luis Simon (IES), Prof. Stephanie Hofmann (Graduate Institute Geneva), Prof. Caterina Car ta (Vesalius College), Prof. Luk Van Langenhove (IES) and Dr Michael Reiterer (Ambassador of the European Union to the Republic of Korea).

THE IES IS PROUD TO CONGRATULATE NO LESS THAN 4 PhD GRADUATES IN 2019.

PUBLICATIONS

2019 PUBLICATIONS AT A GLANCE

• Books and special issues: 2

• Book chapters: 19

• Articles in scientific journals with international peer review: 20

• Articles in scientific journals without international peer review: 5

• Papers presented at conferences: 33

• All other publications aimed at the scientific community: 25

• Commissioned research and policy work: 21

• Newspaper op-eds and online commentary: 14

POLICY BRIEFS & PAPERS

IES POLICY BRIEFS

1. GOVTRAN Briefing Paper: Energy Cooperation between the EU and Switzerland – Partners by Destiny in Search of a New Model

Philipp Thaler

2. The Nexus between Migration and Development in EU External Action: No Quick Fix

Alexandra Berger

3. Sustainable reintegration: identikit of a popular policy objective

Rossella Marino & Ine Lietaert

4. The Case for Public Investment in the EU

Paolo Pasimeni

5. The EU’s Fight Against Transnational Crime in the Sahel

Eva Magdalena Stambøl

6. Science, technology and innovation diplomacy: a way forward for Europe

Jos Leijten

7. How does the LULUCF Regulation affect EU Member States’ forest management?

Seita Romppanen

8. (In)visible generations: from integration to equality

POLICY BRIEFS & PAPERS

KF-VUB KOREA CHAIR POLICY BRIEFS

1. Moon’s Quest for Permanent Peace

Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo

2. Doi moi and the February 2019 Trump-Kim Summit in Hanoi Maximilian Ernst

3. US Forces Korea in the balance: Time to go home? Linde Desmaele

4. Can Donald Trump save South Korea-Japan relations? Dr. Tongfi Kim

5. The global 5G race: South Korea speeds ahead Paula Cantero Dieguez

6. Getting Back to Singapore, US-North Korea Relations on the Anniversary of the First Trump-Kim Summit Dr. John Delury

7. South Korea’s Cybersecurity and International Cooperation Rasmus Eriksson

8. South Korea and NATO: A push for deepening of the cooperation Riccardo Villa

9. President Moon's North Korea policy: mid-term results

Young-hun Kim

IES Policy Briefs, launched in 2012, are timely, concise and policyrelevant publications. They are geared towards policy-makers and other interested public. They are available for download on our website. Hard copies are provided at IES events and on request. We also distribute Policy Briefs to our networks including the relevant Committees of the Flemish, Belgian and European Parliaments.

Laura Westerveen & Maryna Manchenko

9. The EU policy for civil drones: the challenge of governing emerging technologies

Chantal Lavallée

10. Time for the EU to Rethink ‘Critical Engagement’

Dr Ramon Pacheco Pardo

11. Unpacking ‘Peace through strength’

Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo

KOREA CHAIR REPORTS

KF-VUB KOREA CHAIR REPORTS

1. Survey analysis: One year after the Singapore summit

Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Tongfi Kim, Linde Desmaele, Maximilian Ernst

2. Injuries in the DPRK: The Looming Epidemic

Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Kee B. Park, Maximilian Ernst, Eliana Kim

3. One year after the Singapore summit: an analysis of the views of the publics of the US, China, Japan and Russia about the situation in the Korean Peninsula

Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Tongfi Kim, Linde Desmaele, Maximilian Ernst

4. Moon Jae-in’s Policy Towards Multilateral Institutions: Continuity and Change in South Korea’s Global Strategy

Dr. Ramon Pacheco Pardo, Dr. Tongfi Kim, Linde Desmaele, Maximilian Ernst, Paula Cantero Dieguez, Riccardo Villa

OTHER REPORTS

OTHER REPORTS WITH THE CONTRIBUTION OF IES' EXPERTS

1. Metals for Climate Neutral Europe

Tomas Wyns, Gauri Khandekar

2. A net-zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions-Belgium 2050

Pieter Boussemaere, Jan Cools, Michel De Paepe, Cathy Macharis, Erik Mathijs, Bart Muys, Karel Van Acker, Han Vandevyvere, Arne van Stiphout, Frank Venmans, Kris Verheyen, Pascal Vermeulen, Sara

Vicca, Tomas Wyns

3. Industrial Transformation 2050: Towards an Industrial strategy for a Climate Neutral Europe

Tomas Wyns, Gauri Khandekar, Matilda Axelson, Oliver Sartor, Karsten Neuhoff

4. Regulating disinformation with Artificial Intelligence (AI). The effects of disinformation initiatives on freedom of expression and media pluralism

Christopher T. Marsden, Trisha Meyer

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

IES IN THE MEDIA

1. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : China Moon mission lands spacecraft (starting at 26:30)

3 January 2019 in: BBC Newshour

2. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Senior North Korean diplomat in Italy missing, believed to have defected: NIS

3 January 2019 in: NK News

3. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Seoul dips its toe in the Indo-Pacific

5 January 2019 in: East Asia Forum

4. Tongfi Kim : U.S. Trans-Pacific and Trans-Atlantic alliances: A aomparison

6 January 2019 in: Georgetown Journal of International Affairs

5. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Former North Korean diplomat urges missing colleague in Italy to go to South Korea, not U.S.

7 January 2019 in: Reuters

6. Tomas Wyns : Antwerpse havenchemie vindt haar tweede adem

19 January 2019 in: De Standaard

7. Maaike Verbruggen : Autonomous weapons and the new laws of war

19 January 2019 in: The Economist

8. Tomas Wyns : Het heeft geen zin om van het klimaatbeleid een ideologische splijtzwam te maken

26 January 2019 in: VRT NWS

9. Tomas Wyns : Is er nog plaats voor onze chemie?

29 January 2019 in: De Standaard

10. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : European companies are preparing to invest in the opening of North Korea (Interview in Korean)

31 January 2019 in: Radio Free Asia

11. Tomas Wyns : Zal de Europese Unie de opwarming van de aarde tegenhouden?

5 February 2019 in: Knack

12. Tomas Wyns : Alleen de twintigers, dertigers en veertigers van vandaag kunnen de klimaatopwarming stoppen

5 February 2019 in: De Morgen

13. Tomas Wyns : Klimaatbetoog

7 February 2019 in: Canvas

14. Leo Van Hove : Groen geld gezocht

7 February 2019 in: Trends

15. Leo Van Hove : Betalen voor geldafhaling? "Mensen beseffen niet dat cash voor de samenleving in feite heel duur betaalmiddel is"

8 February 2019 in: De Wereld Vandaag on Radio 1

16. Tomas Wyns : “Natúurlijk kan je als kiezer het verschil maken”: Uw klimaatvragen beantwoord door expert Tomas Wyns

8 February 2019 in: De Morgen

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

17. Leo Van Hove : Bpost Bank maakt bocht na kritiek

9 February 2019 in: De Standaard

18. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Moon aims to lock-In diplomacy with North Korea

11 February 2019 in: National Interest

19. Tomas Wyns : Ja, het klimaat is nog te redden

11 February 2019 in: De Tijd

20. Luis Simon : What is Europe's place in Sino-American competition?

14 February 2019 in: War on the Rocks

21. Matilda Axelson : Towards a climate neutral industrial strategy in Europe

18 February 2019 in: Foresight Climate & Energy

22. Matilda Axelson : Good policies will allow heavy industry to drive a European clean energy economy

18 February 2019 in: Foresight Climate & Energy

23. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : US and North Korea: Will there be a breakthrough?

25 February 2019 in: TRT

24. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Ramon Pacheco Pardo on the second Trump-Kim Summit at Hanoi

27 February 2019 in: BBC

25. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Computers in North Korean Embassy where to Trump-Kim summit negotiator worked stolen in lead up to summit

27 February 2019 in: Newsweek

26. Ramon Pacheco Pardo VIDEO: Najprv zúrivosť. Teraz sa Trump Kimovi zalieča

27 February 2019 in: Správy Pravda

27. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Spain investigating alleged incident at North Korean embassy in Madrid

27 February 2019 in: NK News

28. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Trump y Kim llegan a Hanói para su segunda cumbre sobre la desnuclearización norcoreana

27 February 2019 in: Elpais

29. Ramon Pacheco Pardo US and North Korea: Will there be a breakthrough?

27 February 2019 in: TRT World

30. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Todo Noticias - Mañana"Habrá una cumbre más entre Trump y Kim Jong-un antes de las elecciones"

28 February 2019 in: RTVE

31. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Todo antes de la cumbre de Trump y Kim: roban cuatro computadores de la embajada de Corea del Norte en España

28 February 2019 in: Publimetro

32. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Ramón Pacheco: "Las exigencias de las dos partes han interrumpido las negociaciones"

IES IN THE MEDIA

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

28 February 2019 in: Ondacero

33. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Asemiehet tunkeutuivat Pohjois-Korean lähetystöön

28 February 2019 in: verkkouutiset. fi

34. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : No deal in Hanoi as Trump bails on summit with North Korea: "Sometimes you have to walk"

28 February 2019 in: News Vide

35. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Interview with EuroNews

28 February 2019 in: EuroNews

36. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Trump e Kim. Uma cimeira interrompida a meio - como aconteceu

1 March 2019 in: Observador

37. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Llegó la hora de Moon

1 March 2019 in: El País

38. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Computer in der nordkoreanischen Botschaft, wo der Top Trump-Kim Gipfelverhandler gearbeitet hat, gestohlen im Vorfeld des Gipfels.

1 March 2019 in: Tekk

39. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : El diálogo nuclear EE UU-Corea del Norte busca una vía para continuar

1 March 2019 in: El País

40. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Trump llama ‘muy sustanciales’ las negociaciones con Norcorea

1 March 2019 in: Perfil

41. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A discussion of Trump, North Korea and East Asia

4 March 2019 in: Monocle

42. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Juego de espías en la embajada norcoreana asaltada en Madrid

4 March 2019 in: El Mundo

43. Florian Trauner A Bruxelles si parla di immigrazione ma Salvini non c'è (di nuovo). È un problema?

7 March 2019 in: Euronews

44. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea has restarted work on ICBM production site, report says

7 March 2019 in: News Vice

45. Gauri Khandekar Carbon leakage: What challenges for energyintensive industries under the EU's decarbonisation roadmap?

8 March 2019 in: EURACTIV

46. Tomas Wyns : Klimaat en de eetstraat

11 March 2019 in: De Afspraak (Canvas)

47. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Waging peace with North Korea

11 March 2019 in: The National Interest

48. Matilda Axelson and Ólöf Söebech : Meeting the call of the youth: Governing the transition towards a climate-

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

neutral Europe

18 March 2019 in: Euractiv

49. Leo Van Hove : Week van de deeleconomie' (Week of the sharing economy)

18 March 2019 in: BRUZZ radio

50. Sebastian Oberthür : Delay on climate action exposes rift between EU States

25 March 2019 in: Courthouse News Service

51. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea’s denuclearization: Is there a role for Europe?

26 March 2019 in: 38 North

52. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 하노이 회담 이후 유럽 대북 입장 (라몬) |

26 March 2019 in: tbs

53. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 文대통령, 벨기에 국왕과 국빈 만찬…"함께 피 흘린 혈맹"(종합)

26 March 2019 in: News Naver

54. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea and the US: No deal towards a workable and sustainable deal?

27 March 2019 in: Royal Institute Elcano

55. Leo Van Hove : On the way to a society without cash?

27 March 2019 in: Keytrade Bank

56. Karel de Gucht : Voormalig eurocommissaris De Gucht: "Een lang uitstel van de brexit zou de meest charmante oplossing zijn"

27 March 2019 in: Radio 1

57. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 벨기에 국왕 27년만의 방한 이유 (라몬) |

27 March 2019 in: tbs

58. Luis Simon Judy Asks: Is China Devouring Europe?

28 March 2019 in: Carnegie Europe

59. Ramon Pacheco Pardo 유럽학연구소 석좌

“유럽 핵폐기 경험, 북 비핵화 기여할

28 March 2019 in: RFA

60. Leo Van Hove De vraag naar grote bankbiljetten heeft weinig te maken met dagdagelijkse betalingen

4 April 2019 in: Knack

61. Leo Van Hove Waar zijn alle briefjes van 500 euro?

4 April 2019 in: Lecture, Universiteit van Vlaanderen

62. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Sweden seeks to tap into North Korea’s renewable energy potential

4 April 2019 in: Korea Herald

63. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Postcard from Seoul: What Brexit Britain can learn from South Korea

8 April 2019 in: Spears

64. Ramon Pacheco Pardo North Korea sanctions loom over Trump-Moon summit

9 April 2019 in: UPI

65. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Kim's fresh warning raises stakes for Trump summit With Moon

10 April 2019 in: Bloomberg

66. Jamal Shahin Technology won’t save us, well not without a human touch

25 April 2019 in: Urban Europe

67. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Kim in Russia senza colpo ferire

29 April 2019 in: L'Indro

68. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Interview on Huawei and the UK government

5 May 2019 in: Corresponsales en linea

69. Marie Lamensch : Dokumentation: Der große Betrug

(Grand Theft Europe)

7 May 2019 in: ZDF

70. Karel De Gucht Karel De Gucht: ‘Je kan nu geen 5,5 miljard besparen zonder sociale kaalslag’

IES IN THE MEDIA

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

9 May 2019 in: De Morgen: Polspoel & Desmet

71. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea fires two suspected shortRange missiles

9 May 2019 in: The Wall Street Journal

72. Tomas Wyns : Hoe België in 2050 koolstofvrij kan worden

11 May 2019 in: De Standaard

73. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : South Korea is key to improving Asia’s financial safety net

16 May 2019 in: The Diplomat

74. Florian Trauner & Rossella Marino: Europe's far-right - united in diversity?

20 May 2019 in: EU Observer

75. Jamal Shahin : May rend les Armes

25 May 2019 in: La Liberté

76. Leo Van Hove : De Belg blijft fan van cash

29 May 2019 in: De Standaard

77. Leo Van Hove : Technologie moet niet zichtbaar zijn, ze moet vooral werken

29 May 2019 in: De Tijd

78. Leo Van Hove : La technologie ne doit pas être visible, elle doit avant tout fonctionner

3 June 2019 in: L'Echo

79. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Mogherini at Shangri-la: A changing EU policy towards North Korea?

3 June 2019 in: NK News-North Korea News

80. Paolo Pasimeni : Europe's Green surge matters more than the rise of the far right

5 June 2019 in: Financial Times

81. Leo Van Hove : De toekomst van betalen: is cash uitgespeeld?

6 June 2019 in: Trends

82. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A year after Singapore, little change seen in U.S.-North Korea ties: Poll

12 June 2019 in: Reuters

83. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A year after Singapore, little change seen in U.S.-North Korea ties - Poll

12 June 2019 in: Euro News

84. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Survei

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

Ipsos MORI: Hubungan AS-Korut Tak Berubah

12 June 2019 in: Berita Satu

85. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Many see little change in USNorth Korea relations since Singapore summit: Poll

13 June 2019 in: The Straits Times

86. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Many see little change in USNorth Korea relations since Singapore summit: Poll

13 June 2019 in: The Straits Time

87. Leo Van Hove : ‘Libra kan een gamechanger zijn'

18 June 2019 in: De Tijd

88. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Injuries killing more North Koreans as Kim Jong Un pushes for growth

18 June 2019 in: The Wall Street Journal

89. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Injuries in North Korea: addressing a looming crisis

19 June 2019 in: 38 North

90. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : 힐 “북 비핵화 로드맵 제시해야 3 차 미북회담 가능”

24 June 2019 in: RFA

91. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Hill: "Three-way denuclearisation talks can take place if there is roadmap for denuclearisation"

24 June 2019 in: RFA

92. Ilke Adam : Décennie pour les Africains : ceci n'est pas une inauguration

24 June 2019 in: Le Vif

93. Ramon Pacheco Pardo 힐 "3차 북미정상회담 연내 가능…전제조건은 비핵화 로드맵"

25 June 2019 in: Newspim

94. Ramon Pacheco Pardo 힐 "3차 북미회담 하려면 北이 비핵화 로드맵 제시해야"

25 June 2019 in: News Naver

95. Leo Van Hove Geld van de toekomst? 'Als de Facebookgebruiker met de libra gaat betalen, kan het snel gaan'

25 June 2019 in: HUMO

96. Omar N. Cham : Interview: Regime change and migration cooperation in the “New Gambia”

28 June 2019 in: ECRE

97. Karel De Gucht Podcast "De afspraak op vrijdag" met Karel De Gucht, Hendrik Vuye en Frank Vandenbroucke

28 June 2019 in: Canvas – De Afspraak

98. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Trump entra en la historia

30 June 2019 in: Agenda Pública: El País

99. Ramon Pacheco Pardo "Trump avatar" Johnson as British Prime Minister... starts a dangerous liaison with Iran

14 July 2019 in: JoongAng Ilbo

100. Alexander Mattelaer Kernwapens in België weg

IES IN THE MEDIA

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

willen, is makkelijk gezegd, maar snapt iedereen de impact voor onze veiligheid?

16 July 2019 in: VRT

101. Tomas Wyns : Europe targets climate transformation under historic German boss

17 July 2019 in: Bloomberg

102. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : What does Europe's public opinion think about Japan's export restrictions?

19 July 2019 in: TBS

103. Karel De Gucht : Karel De Gucht wil dat de regering al kandidaten voor EU-Commissie voorstelt: "Wie te lang wacht, komt er bekaaid vanaf"

20 July 2019 in: VRT NWS

104. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Interview with Ramon Pacheco Pardo for a KBS documentary (in Korean)

27 July 2019 in: KBS

105. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht: "De Wever loopt op dunne lijn in gesprekken met Vlaams Belang"

28 July 2019 in: VTM Nieuws

106. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Analyst: North Korea missile tests no match for Japan, South Korea dispute

31 July 2019 in: UPI

107. Alexander Mattelaer : Defensiespecialist waarschuwt: 'Bij nieuwe besparingen worden we een wingewest van de grootmachten'

5 August 2019 in: Knack

108. Alexander Mattelaer : Défense belge: "Si on économise encore, on va se faire coloniser par les grandes puissances"

5 August 2019 in: Knack

109. Linde Desmaele and Luis Simon: East Asia first, Europe second: Picking regions in U.S. grand strategy

7 August 2019 in: War On The Rocks

110. Ramon Pacheco Pardo and Tongfi Kim : Why, to American voters, Trump is already winning on North Korea

8 August 2019 in: NK News

111. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : European journalists to visit North Korea to gather news on economy under sanctions (in Korean)

8 August 2019 in: Radio Free Asia

112. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Collapse of intelligence pact between US, South Korea and Japan ‘will be symbolic victory for China’

10 August 2019 in: South China Morning Post

113. Karel De Gucht : Belgisch zitje Europese Investeringsbank blijft leeg

12 August 2019 in: De Standaard

114. Karel De Gucht : Belgisch zitje in Europese Investeringsbank al 20 maanden leeg

12 August 2019 in: Het

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

Nieuwsblad

115. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Kim Jong Un cannot afford to fail again

12 August 2019 in: The Hill

116. Karel De Gucht : La Belgique laisse un siège vide à la BEI

12 August 2019 in: L’Echo

117. Karel De Gucht : Al twintig maanden is er geen vicevoorzitter

13 August 2019 in: NRC

118. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Getting rid of GSOMIA will only benefit China (in Korean)

14 August 2019 in: Naver news

119. Leo Van Hove : De "pain of paying" op festivals: "Cashless betalen is snel, veilig en de toekomst, maar mensen geven zo meer geld uit"

15 August 2019 in: VRT NWS

120. Leo Van Hove : Deelstepaanbieders geven op: 'Survival of the biggest'

16 August 2019 in: Bruzz

121. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : EU says North Korea must refrain provocations and resume denuclearisation talks (in Korean)

16 August 2019 in: Radio Free Asia (RFA)

122. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea’s Missile Tests fail to provoke response from washington

17 August 2019 in: The Wall Street Journal

123. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : South Korea holds the key to the Indo-Pacific

18 August 2019 in: The Hill

124. Ramon Pacheco Pardo Interview on interKorean tensions

18 August 2019 in: BBC

125. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : South Korea’s support is key to success to open Indo-Pacific (in Korean)

19 August 2019 in: Asia Today

126. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : “Korea is the key to the IndoPacific” (in Korean)

20 August 2019 in: Chosun

127. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : “Diplomacy needed for solving inter-Korean relations, main priority in national interest” (in Korean)

21 August 2019 in: Chosun

128. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Is There Really a Way Forward to US-North Korea Nuclear Negotiations?

21 August 2019 in: True News Source

129. Karel De Gucht : Karel De Gucht waarschuwt: 'Blamage dreigt voor Michel als hij niet snel Eurocommissaris voordraagt'

21 August 2019 in: Knack

130. Ilke Adam Meer plichten, minder rechten: N-VA werkt aan veel strenger integratiebeleid

22 August 2019 in: De Morgen

131. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Walking a beneficial tightrope (in Korean)

22 August 2019 in: The Korea Economic Daily

132. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : The Korean Peninsula’s fate (in Korean)

23 August 2019 in: News Free Zone

133. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : A stream of books on North Korea…from diplomacy to travel journals (in Korean)

23 August 2019 in: Radio Free Asia

134. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht: ‘Wie in België is beter geschikt dan Reynders?’

26 August 2019 in: De Morgen

135. Leo Van Hove De toekomst is cashloos en

IES IN THE MEDIA

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

contactloos

26 August 2019 in: De Tijd

136. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht over G7: "Misschien begint Trump zich te realiseren dat stuk van entourage gevaarlijker is dan hijzelf"

26 August 2019 in: Radio 1 – De Ochtend

137. Karel De Gucht : “Wie in België is beter geschikt dan Reynders?”, vraagt De Gucht

26 August 2019 in: Metro

138. Karel De Gucht : De Gucht over kritiek op aanstelling Reynders:

“Dan had N-VA maar in de regering moeten blijven”

26 August 2019 in: Het Laatste Nieuws

139. Sebastian Oberthür : 28.000 jobs weg, bedorven voedsel, maar onze Rode Duivels mogen blijven

30 August 2019 in: HLN

140. Marco Giuli Leftist coalition in Italy signals boost in climate ambitions

30 August 2019 in: Interfax Global Energy

141. Alison E. Woodward Professor Woodward over de portefeuilleverdeling in de Europese Commissie

10 September 2019 in: Radio 1 –De ochtend

142. Florian Trauner De commissie-Von der Leyen: wat zit er in voor Orban?

11 September 2019 in: Knack

143. Ilke Adam : Het Deense integratiemodel: uitzonderlijk, maar niet uniek

12 September 2019 in: VRT

144. Marco Giuli Чи залишиться Україна транзитером російського газу до Європи після 2019 року?

19 September 2019 in: Podrobnosti

145. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Former UN Under-Secretary-General says “US and North Korea must actively propose a negotiation agenda” (in Korean)

MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019 MEDIA APPEARANCES IN 2019

146. 1 October 2019 in: Radio Free Asia

147. Marco Giuli Euro: energia, maggiore statuto = maggiore peso geo-economico

3 October 2019 in: Affair Internazionali

148. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea, U.S. envoys to resume high-stakes nuclear talks over weekend

4 October 2019 in: Reuters

149. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : North Korea walks away from nuclear talks, but maybe not for good

7 October 2019 in: Voa News

150. Tomas Wyns : 'Kan de industrie in Vlaanderen en België klimaatneutraal worden?'

7 October 2019 in: Knack

151. Alexander Mattelaer & Florian Trauner : EU's biggest enlargement anniversary is theme of VUB's First Europe Day

18 October 2019 in: VUB Today

152. Leo Van Hove : We need a roadmap for the cashless society

24 October 2019 in: European Payments Council

153. Ilke Adam : Le gouvernement Jambon, étape vers un Etat flamand ?

24 October 2019 in: Le Vif/L’Express

154. Ilke Adam : Als niet je toekomst maar je afkomst telt

28 October 2019 in: De Standaard

155. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Expert says “must prepare for possibility of a complete breakdown of North Korean denuclearisation efforts” (in Korean)

30 October 2019 in: Radio Free Asia

156. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Unity of US-South Korea-Japan alliances weakened, not helpful to USNorth Korea dialogue (in Korean)

30 October 2019 in: Voa News

157. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Comrade Razzi: An eccentric Italian politician’s unusual love for North Korea

30 October 2019 in: NK News

158. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Must prepare for the possibility of a complete breakdown in North Korean denuclearisation efforts (in Korean)

31 October 2019 in: Newstown

159. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Starbucks's Sino-struggle: US coffee chain's reputation tanks nearly 10 times faster than Apple's in China during the trade war, figures show

1 November 2019 in: Daily Mail Online

160. Marco Giuli : Germany Is undermining the climate change fight

6 November 2019 in: Bloomberg

161. Tomas Wyns & Gauri Khandekar Metals are Europe’s climate compass. Here’s why

7 November 2019 in: EURACTIV

162. Marco Giuli : La morte cerebrale della Nato, l’accordo sul clima, Cipro: il mondo questa settimana

8 November 2019 in: Limes

163. Tomas Wyns Vlaanderen stoot 4 procent te veel uit, maar wat met de oplossingen van de regering? 3 experts lichten de plannen door

9 November 2019 in: VRT News

164. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Election after election in Europe…Brexit not in sight, left and right drifting apart (in Korean)

18 November 2019 in: Joongang Ilbo

165. Marco Giuli : La neutralità climatica e la sicurezza energetica dell’Europa

19 November 2019 in: Limes

166. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : Sweden’s mediation of US-

North Korea dialogue, “talk only with involved countries” (in Korean)

19 November 2019 in: Radio Free Asia

167. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : [Peace & Prosperity] Ep.35 - 2019 ASEAN-

ROK Commemorative Summit: Future of multilateral diplomacy (from 22:56)

22 November 2019 in: ARIRANG TV

168. Alexander Mattelaer : La tâche de Michel sera beaucoup plus difficile que celle de Van Rompuy

28 November 2019 in: L'Echo

169. Sebastian Oberthür : Momentum of minimum in Madrid?

2 December 2019 in: De Standaard

170. Sebastian Oberthür : Interview with Sebastian Oberthür on Madrid climate conference

2 December 2019 in: NPO Radio1

171. Marco Giuli Cop 25, il fallimento non e' un dramma

16 December 2019 in: Limes

172. Alexander Mattelaer : Brexit zet extra druk op formatiegesprekken

17 December 2019 in: De Tijd

173. Marco Giuli Il clima al centro: ragioni e conseguenze del green deal europeo

18 December 2019 in: Limes

174. Ramon Pacheco Pardo : [Peace & Prosperity] N. Korea-U.S. nuclear stalemate: reasons and outlook (from 46:15)

27 December 2019 in: Arrange Issue

ACADEMIC SERVICES

IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019

16 Jan 2019

Blockchain and antitrust: The next tech target in competition law enforcement?

18 Jan 2019

Development and democratization in the new Gambia: African and European perspectives

23 Jan 2019

Sensitive economic personae and functional human beings. A critical metaphor analysis of EU policy documents between 1985 and 2014

29 Jan 2019

Immigrants' negotiated identity and political participation: A case study of Moroccan youth immigrants in Belgium

12 Feb 2019

Drivers of and obstacles to the introduction of autonomy in European weapons systems

19 Feb 2019

Campization. Slow violence and the production of spaces of exclusion.

22 Feb 2019

Northeast Asia’s security environment: Focus on the rule of law and regional order

22 Feb 2019

The Drone Age: Issues, actors and perspectives

26 Feb 2019

Explaining Greece's Integration within the West through the lens of Geopolitics and Discourse Analysis

27 Feb 2019

EL-CSID Final Conference

28 Feb 2019

Geopolitics in Europe's neighbourhoodMasterclasses Middle East

6 Mar 2019

The Hanoi Summit - What future for the Korean Peninsula?

12 Mar 2019

Governing ethno-racial inequalities in Europe: Colour-blind vs. colour-conscious Policy Frames in Belgium and Germany

IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN

2019

19 Mar 2019

The EU’s representation at the UN Climate Negotiations PostLisbon: How secrecy seeps In.

20 Mar 2019

US-EU study visit in Belgium: Intercontinental dialogue on countering violent radicalisation and extremism (by invitation only)

21 Mar 2019

Trump, Brexit and the BRICS: Toward resilient international organizations in a post-liberal world?

26 Mar 2019

EU migration policy cooperation beyond borders

1 Apr 2019

Queer migrations

3 Apr 2019

EU-African Cooperation on Migration: What are the African Interests?

3 Apr 2019

IES - UPV lecture series

9 Apr 2019

Who shapes whom? Transatlantic relations in the Asian century

30 Apr 2019

Transnational climate initiatives: Conceptualizing and assessing their legitimacy

2 May 2019

Multistakeholder governance of the internet: a European nonapproach?

3 May 2019

Guest lecture - Dr. Mark H. Lopez

14 May 2019

The response of the EU and of NATO to hybrid warfare

15 May 2019

Youth Cafe: EU elections, so what? Connecting European democracy to your future

21 May 2019

EDGE seminar: To feel politically represented: what does it mean, what does it take? The democratic challenge of social inequalities facing political participation.

ACADEMIC SERVICES

IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019

22 May 2019

What is process tracing and what makes it good?

23 May 2019

Het grote defensiedebat (the Belgian defence debate)

28 May 2019

Book presentation - Giles Merritt-More migrants please; How populists threaten our future

4 Jun 2019

Building on experience: connecting people for a sustainable urban future

11 Jun 2019

Testing the East Asian paradox: A study of East Asian nations' economic and security relations with a focus on Northeast Asia

18 Jun 2019

Do open-list systems support the representation of ethnic minority women?

25 Jun 2019

Competition versus co-operation in multistakeholder internet governance –The EU’s role, values, and interests

27 Jun 2019

Rethinking the legitimacy of EU referenda

3 Jul 2019

Once the sea was covered with watermovie screening

10 Jul 2019

Transnational experiences of women of immigrant origin in political office in the United States

24 Sep 2019

Not whether but why: Explaining the US decision to enlarge NATO

1 Oct 2019

The Korean Peninsula in flux: Nuclear weapons, trade, peace

IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019

8 Oct 2019

The Internet of Things in the circular economy: Reconciling environment, data and trade under the WTO in the digital age

8 Oct 2019

Research methodology: Doing research in Africa

10 Oct 2019

Migration aspirations: Strategies of young Africans in a state of ‘involuntary immobility’

11 Oct 2019

Trade defence instruments (TDI)

16 Oct 2019

15 Years of Enlargement – Growing Together, Moving Apart?

18 Oct 2019

Edge research day: Long-term Challenges to Democracy

22 Oct 2019

Explaining democratic change: a case study of Gambia’s power shift from Yahya Jammeh to Adama Barrow

7 Nov 2019

Book Talk: The Russian understanding of war: Blurring the lines between war and peace by Oscar Jonsson

12 Nov 2019

Democratic myopia and environmental/climate governance in EU Institutions

14 Nov 2019

PhD Defence of Stephan Klose: Four Essays on Role Theory’s Added Value for IR and EU Studies

14 Nov 2019

Scaling fences - Voices of irregular African migrants to Europe

19 Nov 2019

Deterrence in an era of great power competition: views from Europe and East Asia

22 Nov 2019

How social prejudices format social theory? The case of the concept of amoral familism.

ACADEMIC SERVICES

IES PUBLIC EVENTS IN 2019

26 Nov 2019

Cold shoulders or warm welcomes? Challenges and opportunities for the EU’s Arctic policy

26 Nov 2019

Decarbonising the EU steel industry through business-model innovation

2 Dec 2019

The politicization of immigration in Portugal between 1995-2014: A European exception?

3 Dec 2019

Multistakeholderism in a (foreign) context – what does it take to succeed? The case of the Georgian Domestic Advisory Group in the framework of the EU-Georgia Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement

10 Dec 2019

Chinese migration policy and the dynamics of the admission and integration of international migrants into China’s society

13 Dec 2019

What if mayors ruled migration?

13 Dec 2019

Brexit and a disunited kingdom

The IES is a ‘special university institute’ with functional autonomy within the VUB. Since its inception, the institute has been governed by its own Board, whose members are proposed by the Rector and appointed by the University Council. Following changes of the IES statutes and following the enhanced cooperation between the IES and Vesalius College, the university approved a new management structure for the IES. After more than 15 years of growth, a total overhaul of the management functions was long overdue. Effective as of September 2019, the Institute's management now consists of a Dean, two Vice-Deans, a Executive Director and an Assistant Executive Director / Head of Secretariat. This Executive Committee manages both the IES and Vesalius College. Similarly, the members of the IES Board are also constitute the Vesalius College Board. While the two Boards (with different members) had par tial joint meetings in the first half of 2019, the VUB appointed the same members in both Boards that started their mandate at the beginning of the academic year.

The new management structure foresees a Board and an Executive Committee. The Academic Board that operated until September 2019, no longer exists.

The management structure of the Institute is now the following:

THE IES BOARD

STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT

The IES Board is the highest authority of the Institute and is responsible, inter alea, for approving the general strategy, policy plan, budget, and annual report. The Board also decides on research strategy and gives its final approval to the appointment of senior staff.

The Board consists of 14 members: 6 external (to the VUB), 4 VUB faculty, the Rector (or his/her representative), a representative of the ZAP members of the IES and two students. In addition, one member of the junior academic personnel, one member of the administrative personnel, a representative of the faculty Economics and Social Sciences and one of the faculty of Law and Criminology and the Vice-Rector for Education and Student Affairs attend the Board meetings with a consultative vote. Members of the Executive Committee are also invited.

STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT

DAILY MANAGEMENT

Daily management is the responsibility of the Executive Committee (ExCom), consisting of five members: the Dean (Luc Soete), the two Vice-Deans (Alexander Mattelaer and Sven Van Kerckhoven), and the Executive and Assistant Executive Director (Anthony Antoine and Jacintha Liem).. They were appointed by the Board in September 2019.

Prior to their appointment, the Institute was led by an Academic Director (Alexander Mattelaer who took over in January 2019 from Luk Van Langenhove, who became VUB's Academic Commissioner for Networks and institutional cooperation), an Executive Director (Anthony Antoine) and an Assistant Executive Director (Jacintha Liem)..

OPERATIONAL CLUSTERS

Research management at the IES is primarily done through thematic clusters with a certain degree of managerial authority. Members of each cluster meet at least monthly, and their findings / suggestions / activity reports are communicated in overall staff meetings, which take place once per month. These research clusters are led by senior academic staff, all of whom have ZAP status. In the course of 2018, the IES increased efforts to allow cluster coordinators to attain tenured positions. To this end, a tenuring-procedure was launched, including external vacancies, resulting in the tenure of four senior academics from January 2019.

All members of the academic staff belong to one or more clusters where they report and organise their activities. Since 2012, the Institute has had four research clusters: (1) International Security (formerly European Foreign Security Policy), (2) Environment and Sustainable Development, (3) Migration, Diversity and Justice, and (4) European Economic Governance, as well as an Educational Development Unit. The cluster structure is to be further reformed in 2020.

OTHER GOVERNING BODIES

Under the auspices of the Vice-Dean for Research, a Research Council discusses all research-related issues at the IES. As a consultative body, it advises the ExCom and/ or the Board on all research-related matters. It consists of all ZAP members of the IES.

Under the auspices of the Vice-Dean for Education, an Education Council discusses all education-related issues. It consists of the programme directors of the IES and of Vesalius College. Similar to the Research Council, it advises the ExCom and/or the Board on education-related matters.

Board members Jan-Sep Board members since September

Karel De Gucht (president) former European Commissioner

Sir Jonathan Faull former DG Capital Markets Union

Caroline Gennez member of the Flemish Parliament

Tony Joris VUB Professor

Frank Hoffmeister

Head of Unit, DG Trade, EC

Annemie Neyts former MEP

Gerard Van Acker member of Boards of Governors

Leo Van Audenhove VUB Professor

Freddy Van den Spiegel

Former Bank Manager

Karel De Gucht (president) former European Commissioner

Eddy Bonne

President VIW Foundation

"Vlamingen in de Wereld"

Caroline Buts VUB Professor

Karen Donders VUB Professor

Sarah Engels

Commercial Director L'Oreal

Frank Hoffmeister Head of Unit, DG Trade, EC

Tony Joris VUB Professor

Trisha Meyer IES Professor (representative ZAP)

Leo Van Audenhove VUB Professor

Nic Van Craen

Algemeen Beheerder VUB

Representative of the Rector

Freddy Van den Spiegel

Former Bank manager NN. (student representative)

NN (student representative)

GENDER & DIVERSITY

GENDER AND DIVERSITY

Gender and diversity are important elements of VUB’s overall policy. The university’s Gender Action Plan, launched in 2014, is a case in point. In 2018, the university’s statutes were amended to strive for a more balanced gender representation in policy bodies and academic committees. The IES, which already in 2016 had changed its regulations to this end, ensures that at least one third of the members of its Board and recruitment committees are of both genders. In the new Board, five out of 12 (current) members are women (two students still need to be elected).

Several members of the IES play a pivotal role in the university's interdisciplinary groups on gender (RHEA) and on migration and minorities (BIRMM Brussels Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Migration and Minorities). Moreover, in our Migration, Diversity and Justice cluster, scholars contribute to the university's Interdisciplinary Master on Gender and Diversity.

Overall, the Institute employs 105 people (62 women and 43 men), but there is a difference between the categories of personnel.

In 2019, the Institute for European Studies changed its management structure, and now it consists of four men (Dean, Vice-Dean for Research, Vice-Dean for Education, and Executive Director) and one woman (Assistant Executive Director and Head of Secretariat).There are 4 female senior scholars among the 17 senior researchers that hold a ZAP mandate.

In the LLM programme, one out of three professors for the Data Law specialisation is female, bringing the overall ‘balance’ in the programme to two out of 16. A change in this balance is difficult to obtain, as most teaching staff have long-term or tenured contracts. In the EuroMaster programme, the gender balance is more level: six male versus four female.

Since 2018, the IES is a member of the Brussels Binder (www.brusselsbinder.org), the go-to database of female policy experts. The Brussels Binder was officially launched in the presence of Frans Timmermans, First Vice President of the European Commission, and to date includes over 700 entries of women-experts who can be contacted for policy advice or as members of debate panels.

OUTREACH

The IES communicates with the outside world by targeting the general public, Brussels-based policymakers, academics and researchers interested in the EU, as well as potential applicants (both students and professionals) for its various educational programmes. Below are some of the highlights of the Institute’s outreach activities in 2019.

The IES has a significant online presence. In 2019, its main website ies.be had a total of 84,859 new users, up 16.6% compared with the previous year. Also its websites dedicated to its LLM (10,722 new users), EuroMaster (17,913), Summer School (7001), and Postgraduate Certificate (8147) programmes attracted a large volume of traffic, sparked by the extensive online and offline marketing campaigns relating to the IES’ educational programmes.

The IES sends out monthly newsletters to a broad target audience. Its mailing list comprises approximately 6,500 recipients. 10 editions were sent out in 2019. Regarding social media, an increasing number of people are following the IES channels. On the general IES Facebook page, followers have increased steadily for years and in 2019 and reached the 11,000 followers mark. If one measures all 5 Facebook pages of the Institute, at the end of 2019, the number of fans was 20.000.

On its Twitter account, the IES had a very active year, focusing on its research and educational activities. Over the year, each programme was consistently promoted on a weekly basis. In addition, the IES used LinkedIn as a channel to promote its new vacancies and its educational programmes.

Twitter: Followers 9,361 • Facebook: Followers/fans 11,176 • LinkedIn: Followers 2,514 Youtube: 710 subscribers

In 2018 the IES initiated a podcast series in the context of its KF-VUB Korea Chair project, which resulted in 4 podcasts in 2019.

COLLABORATION

ACADEMIC COLLABORATION

The IES collaborates on a daily basis with universities and institutions around the world, in the context of its academic programmes and research activities. In this section we identify three dominant types of interactions: Memoranda of Understanding, Longstanding relationships in both education and research, and Project-based collaboration.

COLLABORATION BASED ON MOU

The IES has developed a range of formal Memoranda of Understanding with various research and educational institutions. These MoUs are signed as a result of enhanced cooperation between the IES and partner institutions. They allow us to forge global partnerships, encouraging exchange of knowledge between the institutions. The following list of agreements highlights our global reach: Fudan University (Shanghai, China) • Hankuk Universtity of Foreign Studies (South Korea) • Hendrix College (Arkansas, USA) • Renmin University (Beijing, China) • SNU - Seoul National University (South Korea) • University of Vienna and Diplomatic Academy of Vienna (Austria) • University of Warwick (Coventry, UK) • UNU-CRIS – United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (Belgium / Japan) • USC – University of Southern California (USA) • Vesalius College (VECO, Brussels)

In this context, 2019 witnessed three important new developments as regards academic collaboration:

• In July 2019, the first edition of the ‘SNU in the EU’ programme was organised, a programme jointly organised by SNU and IES. It provides an opportunity for undergraduate students to learn about the inner working of - and current challenges facing – the European Union. From 1 July to 11 July, twenty-two Korean students from a variety of academic disciplines travelled to Brussels for a two-week course programme at the IES which offered a mix of lectures and visits to various European Union institutions and other key actors. The

programme was formally approved during the State Visit of the King of the Belgians to the Republic of Korea in March 2019. VUB's Vice-Rector Romain Meeusen, who was part of the academic delegation, signed the MoU to this end with his counterpart Min Gyu KOO.

At the same ceremony, and witnessed by King Filip, Prof. Meeusen also signed an MoU with Hankuk University of Foreign Studies - a university with which the IES has had collaborative ties over the past ten years. Its president Dr. In Chul KIM signed on HUFS behalf.

Prof. Meeusen, VUB/KF Korea Chair Ramon Pacheco Pardo, IES Executive Director Anthony Antoine and IES Board member Leo Van Audenhove had visited both SNU and HUFS prior to the signatory event and discussed further collaborative possibilities.

• The EUtopia network was created, an alliance of 6 European universities, which in 2019 was chosen by the European Commission as one of the seventeen pilot projects for developing a ‘European university’. A concrete result of this is a joint VUB - University of Warwick PhD project, as well as a Double Masters degree combining the MA programmes of Warwick’s Department of Politics and International Studies (PAIS) and the Advanced Master in European Integration at the IES.

• For decades, the Institute for European Studies (IES) and Vesalius College (VeCo) have built up strong reputations as frontrunners in education, research, and academic services on the international scene. Both being associated with Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), the IES and VeCo have started to work together more closely as of the summer of 2019 to create multiple synergies that their stakeholders will benefit from. One of the concrete developments was the creation of a joint management team in October 2019, including the appointment of Luc Soete as new Dean.

Warwick University - PAIS

Although the IES has been working with Warwick University on and off for the past 17 years, it collaboration intensified over the past two years, culminating in setting up a double MA-offering in the course of 2019. Warwick formalised its ties with the VUB through both a Memorandum of Understanding and a Memorandum of Agreement via which the IES works in close collaboration with Warwick’s Politics and International Studies depar tment (PAIS) to explore joint research and teaching offerings. To this end, both partners met each other several times during 2019, and finalised an agreement to offer a joint double degree programme with IES’ Euromaster (the MSc European Integration) as a basis.

The discussions with Warwick University and its PAIS department also led to the blueprint of a joint executive programme – a programme that will also involve IES’ partner Vesalius College. It is scheduled to start in the fall of 2020.

As part of the EUTopia European university network, seeking to jointly transform to an “open inclusive academy”, the IES is now also hosting a joint VUB-UWarwick PhD.

In 2019, the Institute for European Studies continued to work closely with the centre for Comparative Regional Integration Studies of the United Nations University (UNU-CRIS). Based in Bruges, UNU-CRIS conducts research and provides services in the field of regional integration broadly speaking, and on regional public goods and the role of regional organisations in globalization more specifically This research

COLLABORATION

is done through scholars that are affeliated to either UGent or VUB. In the latter case, this means the IES. The Institute’s researchers therefore contributed to two research projects in 2019: one on African return migration (called AMIREG), under the auspices of Prof. Dr. Ilke Adam and Prof. Dr. Florian Trauner, and one on alternative governance structures (called GREMLIN), under the auspices of Prof. Dr. Jamal Shahin. The latter project (entitled in full: “The contribution of global and regional multistakeholder mechanisms in improving global governance”) is entirely financed by the VUB as part of the university’s contribution to UNU-CRIS. PhD researcher Diana Potjomkina continued the second year working on her dissertation on multistakeholderism and trade, while PhD researcher Austin Ruckstuhl resigned from the project in February. Leonie Jegen, who worked on the African Migration project, ended her contract at the beginning of 2019, after organising a succesful conference at UNU-CRIS to mark the end of the project.

As said, following the Memorandum of Understanding between the Flemish Government, UNU, the VUB and UGent, UNU-CRIS personnel holds either a VUB or a UGent contract. This is also the case for administrative and supporting personnel. At VUB-side, these contracts are managed by the IES. As a result, four UNU-CRIS staff members were on the IES payrol in 2019.

IES Executive Director Anthony Antoine continued to be the liaison between the IES and UNU-CRIS. For the latter, he helped organising the first UNU-CRIS Summer School which took place in Bruges and at the IES in Brussels, and together with other UNU-CRIS staff members held introductory lectures at the Athenum in Bruges and the University College West-Flanders (HOWEST).

Prior to his appointment as new Dean of the Institute for European Studies, Prof. Dr. Luc Soete held the position of (ad-interim) Director of UNU-CRIS. Following the leave of Prof. Dr. Madeleine Hosli, Prof. Soete in his capacity of President of the Advisory Committee of UNU-CRIS, functioned as interim-Director for a period of four months. During this period, he developed a new strategic vision that will enhance the academic collaboration between the three institutions (UNU-CRIS, UGent and VUB) and negotiated with the Flemish Government on the future deliverables. With his most recent appointment as Dean at the IES he is the best placed to oversee the enhanced ties. The new director, Philippe de Lombaerde, will have an academic affiliation with the VUB/IES and is involved, amongst other things, in the organisation of the EUIA conference 2020.

United Nations University - UNU-CRIS

COLLABORATION BASED ON LONG-STANDING

RELATIONSHIPS EDUCATION

Long-standing relationships form the basis for many of the Institute’s collaborative activities. Our senior and junior staff have developed and carefully nurtured a range of different relationships with various academic partners across Belgium, Europe, and beyond. In terms of education, these relationships have taken the form of visiting lectures, courses, and roles as members of examination committees. In Belgium, this interaction has involved the VUB, Vesalius College, KU Leuven, Kent University, the ULB, UCL, and the Universities of Antwerp and Ghent. In Europe, long-standing educational collaboration is seen in seven countries from Austria to the Netherlands. On a global scale, these relationships exist with institutions in the United States of America and in South Korea. Similar collaboration is taking place between the IES and EU-wide or global institutions, such as the European Security and Defence College and NATO Defense College.

PROJECT-BASED COLLABORATION

The Institute has integrated projects deeply into its 'DNA'. As shown in the Externally Funded Projects section of this report, 39 projects operated in 2019. The international networks established by our individual staff members continue to be used to great effect to contribute to the internationalisation of the Flemish research landscape. In this section, we highlight the academic collaboration that has stimulated and flowed from these projects. The IES participates in a range of different types of projects, from policy support (service contracts) to fundamental research projects. The IES is also active in educational projects, and some of these have entailed the creation of formal networks. All of these projects have involved international collaboration. Some (COP21-RIPPLES, PACT, KF-VUB Korea Chair) go far beyond the EU’s boundaries. However, the majority of IES projectbased collaborations remain within (or close to) the EU’s boundaries. Even so, the projects may have global reach.

IES researchers are engaged with other institutes and organisations on an individual basis as well as on a more formalised level. These informal partnerships have been established for many years and concretely they take the shape of participation in seminars and panel discussions, acting as (keynote) speaker, co-organising workshops, co-authorship of publications, etc. Across our clusters, we have such partnerships with universities and institutes in a wide range of European and non-European countries. In terms of formal thematic networks in research, the IES is participant in a variety of institutionalised networks. These include: APSA Migration and Citizenship Network; CES (Council for European Studies) Migration network; EANRS (European Academic Network for Romani Studies); Expert Network on Value Reconciliation; IMISCOE (International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion Network), covering 18 countries; INOGOV (Innovations in climate governance), a network of excellence including researchers from 27 European countries; INSEAD network on circular economy; Lund University network on industrial ecology; REFRACT (Research Network on Regime Complexes and Fragmentation); Research Network Political Sociology of ESA (European Sociological Association); etc.

PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

Since the overhaul of the IES statutes, the Board is responsible for the appointment of all staff at the IES. However, substantial ZAP appointments and tenure must be confirmed by the Academic Board of university. Appointments of administrative staff are undertaken by daily management (the ExCom).

The total number of people directly paid by the IES in 2019 amounted to 52.4 full-time equivalents (as opposed to 55.4 FTE the year before). The total number of IES staff, including those not paid directly by the IES (e.g. the President, the Advisor, one Senior Academic, and all VUB-paid teaching and support staff) amounted to 108. An additional 18 people were associated with the Institute (as either senior associate fellow or visiting fellow). 12 different job students helped with basic research tasks and administration and we welcomed 11 interns. In 2019, 19 people left the Institute, while 17 new people joined the IES staff.

MANAGEMENT

The new IES statutes changed the management structure of the institute. The Institute is now headed by a Dean, who is assisted by two vice-Deans, an Executive and an Assistant Executive Director / Head of Secretariat.

The management of the Academic Staff falls under the auspices of the Vice Dean for Research. Since the inception of the new management structure, a lot of time has been devoted to developing a time allocation scheme that would serve as guidelines for the distribution of tasks to senior academic staff. This system will come to fruition at the beginning of 2020. Meanwhile, bilateral meetings between senior staff and management are being held so that benchmarks are set for the coming year.

Junior academic staff members are managed by their supervisors (in the case of PhD researchers) and/or by the project coordinators (in the case of project researchers).Progress and functioning of PhD researchers on the IES budget is presented annually and scrutinized by the Board. Other PhD researchers follow the procedures of the VUB and are assessed by their respective faculties.

The management of the Secretariat falls under the authority of the Executive Director and the Assistant Executive Director (who is also head of the Secretariat). Through meetings every six months, benchmarks are set for all secretariat personnel. As the institute is growing, and as the IES is seeking to work together more closely with Vesalius College (which also has a secretariat), a mid-management layer was created in the form of secretariat cluster coordinators, who serve as intermediaries between IES management and staff.

OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES

DEPARTURES NEWCOMERS

• Joachim Koops left the IES in January to take up a new position at the Institute of Security and Global Affairs at Leiden University.

• Riccardo Trobbiani left the IES in February to become UN Coordination Officer at the United Nations Office in Brussels.

• Steffi Peuckert ended her contract and left the IES secretariat in March.

• Elke Boers ended her project under the H2020 EL-CSID programme in March.

• Chantal Lavallée ended her Marie Curie fellowship in March.

• Jan Völkel ended his Marie Curie fellowship in April.

• Austin Ruckstuhl left the IES in April to work as an independant project manager.

• Marie Maes ended her administrative contract in April.

• Bruno Derbaix ended his contract in May.

• Lisanne Groen left the IES in June to start as postdoctoral researcher at the Open Universiteit Nederland.

• Romy Flower left the IES secretariat in August to work in the finance department of European Schools in Brussels

• Géraldine André left IES in August to work as a professor at UCL.

• Fausta Todhe ended her PhD contract at the IES in September.

• Laura Iozzelli and Laura Westerveen ended their PhD contract in September but stayed at IES as students..

• Irina Tanasescu ended her guest professorship in September.

• Hilde Vanderheyden left the IES secretariat in November on her retirement.

• Anamaria Bacsin left the secretariat in November to take up a new role in communication at Optimy in Brussels.

• Rory Johnson ended his contract at UNU-CRIS in December.

• Jana Gheuens started in January as a PhD researcher in the ESD cluster.

• Derek-Jan Te Rijdt joined the IES secretariat in January as administrative support staff.

• Lisanne Groen started in February as a postdoctoral researcher in the ESD cluster and EEG cluster.

• Alice Vervaeke joined in March as project researcher in the MDJ cluster.

• Bruno Derbaix started in April as project researcher in the MDJ cluster.

• Louise Baduel rejoined the IES again in July to strengthen the GOVTRAN project and to support the Marketing and Communication team.

• Marco Giuli joined the ESD cluster in September as a PhD researcher.

• Andrew Crosby rejoined the IES as a postdoctoral researcher in the MDJ cluster.

• Aslak Busch started in October as a PhD researcher in the ESD cluster.

• October also saw the arrival of Laura Vansina as PhD researcher in the International Security cluster. Her PhD project is embedded in the EUtopia programme both at the IES and the University of Warwick.

• Sara Silvestre, as a previous self-funded PhD student, rejoined the IES secretariat in November to start as a Project Officer.

• In November IES welcomed Sven Van Kerckhoven, Jonas Lefevere and Olesya Tkacheva as part-time professors. The contracts of Tongfi Kim and Trisha Meyer in this category were extended.

• Laura Iozzelli started as a project researcher in December to help out the ESD cluster with the Govtran and Rolecs projects.

• Stephan Klose started as postdoctoral researcher in our International Security cluster.

• In December, Jelle De Smet, a former IES student, joined the IES secretariat as an Events Logistics Assistant.

PERSONNEL

Five clusters were created in the Secretariat: one to assist in research acquisition and project follow-up, one to assist the teaching programmes, and their staff and students, one to take care of the logistics (IT, acquisitions, events) and one that is responsible for marketing and recruitment. These fall under the authority of the Head of Secretariat. A final cluster is more overarching (HR, Finances, ExCom assistance, Audit) and falls under the direct responsability of the Executive Director.

At the end of 2019, the IES witnessed its first retirement: after service of more than 15 years at the VUB, of which 10 were at the IES, the Institute bid farewell to its receptionist and general secretary Hilde Van der Heyden.

OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES

ADMIN STAFF

• Finance: Anne Sterckx 75% (since September –formerly 90%)

• Finance: Romy Flower 20% (until August)

• HR: Pascale Sas 100%

• Communication & Marketing: Jurgen

Smet 100%

• Communications Assistant: Maja Kovacevic 100%

• Marketing Assistant: Louise Baduel 50% (since November)

• Education: René Hermens 100%

• Events Officer: Anamaria Bacsin 100% (until November)

• Events Officer: Derek-Jan Te Rijdt 90% (since December)

• Events logistics assistant: Jelle De Smet 80% (since December)

• Student Registration Officer & Administrative Assistant: Marion Tomsett 100%

• LLM Secretariat: Marleen Van Impe 80%

• IT: Peter Menke 50%

• General Secretariat: Hilde Vanderheyden 50% (until November

• General Secretariat: Derek-Jan Te Rijdt 90% (since June, formerly 70%)

• Projects & Management Assistant: Steffi Peuckert 100% (until March)

• Projects Officer: Sara Silvestre 100% (since November)

• Projects & Events Assistant: Paula Cantero Dieguez 100%

• UNU-CRIS: Noël Neven 100%

• UNU-CRIS: Andrew Dunn 100%

• UNU-CRIS: Ajsela Masovic 80%

• EL-CSID Project: Elke Boers 100% (until March)

• GOVTRAN Project: Louise Baduel 100% (July)

Following initiation of collaboration with Vesalius College, the IES was also able to draw up on the services of Jérome Playoult as part-time Finance Officer in September and Juan Carlos Ruiz Coll as part-time Student Recruitment Officer in November.

OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES OVERVIEW OF PERSONNEL AT THE IES MANAGEMENT

• President: Karel De Gucht

• Dean: Luc Soete (since October)

• Vice Dean for research: Alexander Mattelaer 80%

• Vice Dean for Education: Sven Van Kerckhoven 20%

• Executive Director: Anthony Antoine 100%

• Assistant Executive Director: Jacintha Liem 100%

• Teaching programme management (LLM): Harri Kalimo

• Teaching programme management (MSc programme): Jamal Shahin

PROFESSORS AND POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHERS

• Ilke Adam 100%

• Géraldine André 90% (until August)

• Dirk Arts 5%

• Caroline Buts 10%

• Andrew Crosby 50% (since November, formerly 100% since September)

• Raluca Csernatoni 10%

• Serena D’Agostino 70% (since October, formerly 90%)

• Ferran Davesa 90% (since October – formerly 50%)

• Karel De Gucht 10%

• Paul De Hert 10%

• Youri Devuyst 10%

• Daniel Fiott 10%

• Ricardo Gosalbo Bono 5%

• Lisanne Groen 80% (since April; formerly 70% since February)

• Serge Gutwirth 10%

• Frank Hoffmeister 10%

• Tony Joris 25%

• Harri Kalimo 100%

• Tongfi Kim 40% (since November, formerly 20%)

• Stephan Klose 100% (since December)

• Joachim Koops 10% (until January)

• Marie Lamensch 10%

• Chantal Lavallée 100% (until March)

• Jonas Lefevere 20% (since November)

• Richard Lewis*

• Alexander Mattelaer 80%

• Trisha Meyer 60% (since November – formerly 40%)

• Arnaud Nuyts 10%

• Sebastian Oberthür 100%

• Jamal Shahin 60%

• Luis Simon 100%

• Stefaan Smis 10%

• Ben Smulders 10%

• Carlos Soria Rodriguez 50% (since October – formerly 100%)

• Angela Tacea*

• Irina Tanasescu 10% (until September)

• Georgeos Terzis 20% (until February)

• Olesya Tkacheva 20% (since November)

• Florian Trauner 70%

• Irina Van Der Vet 100%

• Leo van Hove 10%

• Sven Van Kerckhoven 20% (since November)

• Luk Van Langenhove 40%

• Servatius van Thiel 10%

• Johan Verbeke 10%

• Jan Völkel 100% (until April)

• Ingmar Von Homeyer 50%

PROJECT RESEARCHERS AND PHD STUDENTS

• Matilda Axelson 100%

• Aslak Busch 100% (since October)

• Bruno Derbaix 100% (April/May)

• Linde Desmaele 100%

• Maximilian Ernst 100%

• Jana Gheuens 100%

• Marco Giuli 100% * (since September)

• Orsolya Gulyas 100%

• Laura Iozzelli 70% (since December formerly 100% until September)

• Rory Johnson 40% (since February, formerly 20%)

• Gauri Khandekar 100%

• Lea Mateo 100%

• Antonios Nestoras 100%

• Elie Perot 100%

• Silviu Piros 100%

• Diana Potjomkina 100%

• Austin Ruckstuhl 100% (until April)

• Olof Soebech 100%

• Philipp Stutz 100%

• Fausta Todhe 100% (until September)

• Riccardo Trobbiani 100% (until February)

• Laura Vansina 100% * (since October)

• Maaike Verbruggen 100%

• Alice Vervaeke 100% (since September-–formerly 80% since March)

• Laura Westerveen 100% (until September)

* Supported by other funds

PHD RESEARCHERS SUPPORTED BY OTHER FUNDS

• Neepa Acharya

• Zana Abdallah

• Sanches Pedro Ariel

• Akbar Asma

• Berdak Bayimbetov

• Antonio Calcara

• Omar N. Cham

• Lorenzani Dimitri

• Ian Izci

• Max Jansson

• Jakimowicz Katarzyna

• Carla Mascia

• Jimi Hendry Nzally

• Polizzi Giuseppe Luca

• Hanna Elisabeth Schneider

• Sara Silvestre

• Fatma Sevgi Temizisler

• Fabian Tudor Petru

• Angela Van Dijck

• Richard Stockton Wheeler

• Lingyu Xu

• Meijiao Yang

• Rui Yan

• Huang Yijia

• XiuLing Ye

• Nechev Zoran

QUALITY ASSURANCE

QUALITY ASSURANCE

Management applies quality control measures ex ante as well as ex post. In attracting academic personnel, the IES applies the highest standards. Likewise in its financial management, the IES implements both internal and external control; equally in its services, the IES delivers the best possible services and tries to improve them through feedback from its clients.

QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT

In January 2019, the IES appointed Prof. Dr. Alexander Mattelaer as new Academic Director to replace Prof. Dr. Luk Van Langenhove, who took up a position at the VUB as Academic Commissioner for International Networks. Prof. Dr. Mattelaer has a longstanding affiliation with the Institute in different managerial capacities, having served as Assistant Director and Acting Academic Director for several years in the past and as senior member of the IES’ International Security cluster. Beyond the IES, Prof. Dr. Mattelaer held posts as Director of European Affairs at Egmont Institute, and Fulbright Schuman Fellow at Harvard University and National Defense University. With a research background in diplomacy and defence issues, he currently teaches several courses at VUB related to EU and international security.

In April 2019, the Academic Council of the VUB approved the new IES statutes, which are now embedded in the VUB’s statutes thus enabling an alignment of management roles. These regulations stipulate a new management structure, including a Dean, ViceDeans, and Executive Director. As a result, the IES appointed Prof. Dr. Luc Soete as its Dean in October 2019. Luc Soete is a Belgian economist with a long-standing track record as Professor of International Economic Relations at Maastricht University, a university where he served as Rector Magnificus from 2012 to 2016. He is co-founder and former Director of UNU-MERIT and vice-president of the supervisory board of the Technical University of Delft. Earlier in July 2019, he also took up the role of Director Ad Interim of Bruges-based UNU-CRIS, one of the institutions with which the IES enjoys a close collaboration. Two other new appointees included Prof. Dr. Alexander Mattelaer who took up the new function of Vice-Dean for Research, while Dr. Sven Van Kerckhoven was appointed Vice-Dean for Education. The management team further consists of Executive Director Anthony Antoine and Assistant Executive Director Jacintha Liem.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

QUALITY OF PERSONNEL

All personnel are hired through a quality control procedure, which, as a general rule, begins with the publication of an external vacancy. These vacancies are published internationally through relevant Internet sources, specialised e-mail distribution lists, newspapers and/or journals. The qualifications of candidates are scrutinised by (external) evaluators, with top-ranked individuals invited for an interview with management, senior IES researchers and experts in the field, as appropriate. In the case of recruitment for teaching staff, the candidates present a guest/test lecture that is assessed by both colleagues and students. Teaching staff are further assessed by the Academic Council of the university before a final appointment is made. Candidates for professorships (ZAP) also follow VUB university appointment procedures. PhD students are recruited through international calls for projects. In 2019, the IES launched three of these calls: two in the field of Environment and Sustainable Development, one of which was a project on the EU’s external energy policy funded by the Research Foundation—Flanders FWO, and another call in the field of Migration, Diversity, and Justice. All attracted a large number of candidates, which were scrutinised by a diverse team of scholars. After interviews with the most promising candidates by the cluster coordinators and a team of scholars and staff, three PhD researchers were appointed by the IES Academic Board and awarded a scholarship for a maximum duration of four years.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

The quality of personnel is further monitored through periodical evaluations. PhD researchers meet their promoter and supervisory committee at least twice a year. In the Secretariat, IES personnel are evaluated through an internal assessment procedure, using standard evaluation forms. In 2019, the evaluation took place in May. Administrative personnel are also supported in the development of personal or work-related skills. In the framework of lifelong learning, a modest budget foresees the support for individual or collective training sessions and/or extra courses. Several such sessions took place in 2019 for the staff responsible for Communications and HR. In October 2019, the VUB introduced its umbrella ‘VUB LRN’ programme, offering individual training programmes and team development opportunities. In order to facilitate the development and integration of its academic and administrative staff with foreign backgrounds, the Institute also organises regular Dutch language courses.

QUALITY OF FINANCES

The Financial Officer is supervised by the Executive Director, who in turn reports to the Board of the IES. An external auditor annually controls the overall finances (currently BDO Auditors). Following EC rules, European-funded projects of a cer tain magnitude (FP7 and H2020) are individually scrutinised by an auditor prior to submitting the periodic financial figures to the Commission.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

QUALITY ASSURANCE

QUALITY OF RESEARCH

PhD and senior researchers are appointed after a thorough selection procedure involving an international call for applications and external scrutiny and interviews (see above). Research progress of PhD students is monitored continuously by their promoters, their doctoral committee (twice per year), the responsible senior IES researcher, and the Vice-Dean for Research in accordance with the IES PhD Guidelines (incorporated in the Guidelines for Academic Staff). In the process of this quality control, junior researchers present a state of affairs of their findings at least once per year at research colloquia (held biweekly). The Director of PhD Studies forms the pivotal connection between the researchers, IES Management and the university structures. There is also collaboration with the Doctoral School in Social Sciences organised by the university. Postdoctoral IES researchers and senior academic staff are monitored by the Vice-Dean for Research and IES Management with a view to establishing and reviewing benchmarks.

QUALITY OF EDUCATION

Teaching staff are recruited through international vacancy procedures, subject to external scrutiny, interviews and trial lectures. Students annually assess the quality of the teachers / courses through feedback forms. The Dean, the Vice-Dean for Education, as well as the Programme Director of the respective Master Programmes oversee the follow-up of Programme questions relating to teaching and the overall learning objectives of both modules and programmes.

QUALITY OF STUDENTS

Students in the Advanced Master programmes, the Post- graduate programmes and in the IES Summer School are carefully selected, based on their study background and results, their command of English, their suitability and motivation, as well as the contact details of referees who are available for feedback on the candidate. Applicants for the Advanced Master programmes need to have a Master's degree before starting their studies at the IES. Exceptionally, highly motivated BA students are admitted, but only if they have a study background of at least 240 ECTS (which equals a Belgian Master programme) and work experience that is compatible with the programme.

FINANCIAL REPORT FINANCIAL REPORT

As described earlier, the IES has a very large number of achievements in 2019. For example, it delivered 4 doctorates, worked on 35 externally funded projects and published more than 104 ar ticles (19 of which were book chapters and 20 peer-reviewed ar ticles). It also saw its student numbers increase from 84 to 104 in the MaNaMa programmes and it hosted over 59 events. Although the IES achieved many successes in 2019 and has an impressive record of output, the Institute suffered an exceptional loss of € 131,330. Exceptional, because it concerns a combination of circumstances that could not immediately be foreseen in budgetary terms.

For example, project income was € 70,000 lower than expected, mainly due to the postponement of the implementation of some projects to 2020. The end of some FP7 projects (which ran for 4-5 years) simultaneously with the end of some H2020 projects (which were only funded for 3 years) has also contributed to this, as a result of which a compensatory overlap of project durations is exceptionally less this year than before.

The budget also incorrectly counted an income of ± 48,000 under “miscellaneous income”, which largely explains the difference between the budget and real income collected.

On the expenditure side, the large budget overrun in project costs is striking (€ 406,308 instead of € 220,000). However, this is par tly offset by less expenditure on employee costs (- 129,163; due to the nature of some projects we were propted to make adjustments here and focus on operating costs rather than personnel costs) and par tly by taking back a reserve for holiday money of € 102.000.

In 2019, the Institute also took the decision to book some outstanding balances as lost costs. At the same time, the aforementioned FP7 and H2020 projects were completed and any historical shortages or overestimated income in 2019 were partly provisionally recognized as a loss (total of ± € 90,000).

The extra efforts to bring student numbers back up to standard through extra promotion and the allocation of a more extensive scholarship system have paid off, but also have a financial downside. However, the IES has a specially established training fund from which ± € 73,000 will be raised in 2019 to keep the Institute's two MaNaMa programmes break-even.

On a total turnover of more than 5 million euros, the loss is relatively limited: only € 58,425 is taken from the reserve fund. Nevertheless, the necessary measures are being taken to avoid such situations in the future and in par ticular the financial follow-up of the projects will be monitored more closely. To this end, the IES hired a new employee in the autumn of 2019, while the Institute's future plan for the future is planning a more decentralized financial structure. Closer cooperation with the VUB is also being pursued in order to achieve a simplification - read: more manageable - situation.

Despite this exceptional loss, the IES remains a financially healthy institution which looks forward to continuing the positive operating results, coupled with a healthy financial break even in 2020. Let us hope that the new challengessuch as the outbreak of the Corona Covid-19 virus on the eve of the filing of this report - do not throw too much spanner in the works here.

PUBLICATIONS

BOOK

Kaiser, R., & Prange-Gstöhl, H. (2019). The European Union’s Budget in Times of Crises. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft. Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). North Korea-US Relations from Kim Jong Il to Kim Jong Un. (2 ed.) London: Routledge.

BOOK CHAPTERS

Adam, I., Akachar, S., Celis, K., D'Agostino, S. & Severs, E. (2019). Understanding the Controversy of ‘Black Pete’ through the Lens of Symbolic Representation, in The Edges of Political Representation: Mapping, Critiquing and Pushing the Boundaries, by Dupont, C. & Tanasescu, M. (eds.). ECPR Press, 121-142.

Adam, I. and Trauner, F. (2019): Ghana and EU migration policy: studying an African response to the EU’s externalisation agenda. In: S. Carrera, J. Santos Vara, T. Striks (eds.): Constitutionalising the External Dimensions of EU Migration Policies in Times of Crisis: Legality, Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights Reconsidered, (pp. 257-271), Edward Elgar Publishing.

Antoine, A., Van Langenhove, L., (2019): Global challenges and trends of university governance structures. In: Zhu, C. and Zayim-Kurtay, M. (eds.): University Governance and Academic Leadership in the EU and China, (pp. 233-245), IGI Global.

Biedenkopf, K., & Mattelaer, A. (2019). Policy diffusion and transfer meet foreign policy. In K. Brummer, S. Harnisch, K. Oppermann, & D. Panke (eds.) Foreign Policy as Public Policy: Promises and Pitfalls (pp. 171-193). Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Boulanin, V., Davis, I., & Verbruggen, M. (2019). The Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and lethal autonomous weapon systems. In SIPRI Yearbook 2019: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security (50th ed., pp. 449–461). Oxford University Press.

Davesa, F., & Shahin, J. (2019). An Architecture for Hybrid Democracy in the EU: when Participation (en)counters Representation. In M. Tanasescu & C. Dupont (Eds.), The Edges of Political Representation: Mapping, Critiquing, and Pushing the Boundaries. (pp. 143–166). London: Rowman & Littefield International.

Kim, T. (2019). The North Korean nuclear weapons programme and strategic stability in East Asia. In Reassessing CBRN Threats in a Changing Global Environment (pp. 36–40). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).

Lamensch, M. (2019). The DST: a critical analysis and comparison with the VAT system. In D. Weber (Ed.), Taxing the Digital Economy (pp. 225–243). IBFD.

Lamensch, M., & Millar, R. (2019). The role of platforms in B2C e-commerce. In M. Lang (Ed.), CJEU – Recent Developments in Value Added Tax 2017 (pp. 51–78). Linde Verlag.

Mattelaer, A. (2019a). Defence Burden Sharing: A Perennial Debate in International Alliance Management. In R. Matthews (Ed.), The Political Economy of Defence (pp. 217–232). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,.

Mattelaer, A. (2019). The EU and NATO: The essential partners. In G. Lindstrom & T. Tardy (Eds.), Cooperation on capability development (pp. 37–47). Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies.

Oberthur, S. (2019). Representation and Accountability of the European Union in Global Governance Institutions. In M. Tanasescu & C. Dupont (Eds.), The Edges of Political Representation: Mapping, Critiquing and Pushing the Boundaries. (pp. 47–64). London: Rowman & Littlefield.

Trauner, F., & Ripoll Servent, A. (2019). Justice and Home Affairs in the European Union. In E. J. Mullen (Ed.), Oxford Bibliographies in Social Work (pp. 1–17). Oxford: Oxford University Press

Trauner, F. (2019). The UK’s future relationship with Europol – Understanding the Trade-Offs. In H. Carrapico, A. Niehuss, & C. Berthelemy (Eds.), Brexit and Internal Security. Political and Legal Concerns of the future UK-EU Relationship (pp. 80–82). Palgrave Macmillan.

PUBLICATIONS

PUBLICATIONS

Trauner, F, (2019). Chapters on ‘Asylpolitik’, ‘Migrationspolitik’, ‘Raum der Freiheit, der Sicherheit und des Rechts’; In: W. Weidenfeld, W. Wessels & F.Tekin. Europa von A bis Z. New York, Springer Publications.

Trauner, F. (2019): A multifacteted crisis as an opportunity and a risk: The EU’s long struggle to reform the Dublin system for asylum seekers. In: E. Springler, S. Wöhl, M. Pachel, B. Zeilinger (eds.): The State of the European Union: Post-Crisis Policy Responses, Springer Publishing, 257-274.

Vansina, L. (2019). A people that does not remember its past has no future. In L. Verpoest (Ed.), Rusland, onveranderlijk anders?: Russische identiteit in politiek, cultuur en geschiedenis. (pp. 124–146). Leuven: Universitaire Pers Leuven.

Van Langenhove, L. (2019). The Discursive Ontology of the Social World. In The Second Cognitive Revolution: A tribute to Rom Harré. Springer.

Wouters, J. and Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019). The role of the EU in the G7 in the Era of Brexit and Trump, in Oldani, C. and Wouters, J. (eds.) The G7, Anti-Globalism and the Governance of Globalization, Routledge, pp. 68-89.

FULL ARTICLES IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS WITH INTERNATIONAL PEER REVIEW

D'Agostino, S. (2019). (In)visible Mobilizations. Romani Women’s Intersectional Activisms in Romania and Bulgaria. Politics, Groups, and Identities (on-line first).

Gheuens, J., Nagabhatla, N., Perera, E.D.P. (2019). Disaster-Risk, Water Security Challenges and Strategies in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Water, 637.

James, M., Wise, D., & Van Langenhove, L. (2019). Virtual strategic positioning to create social presence: reporting on the use of a telepresence robot. Papers on Social Representations, 28(1), 2.1-2.30.

Klingler-Vidra, R., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). Beyond the Chaebol? The social purpose of entrepreneurship promotion in South Korea. Asian Studies Review, 43(4), 637-656.

Klingler-Vidra, R., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). Legitimate Social Purpose and South Korea’s support for entrepreneurial finance since the Asian Financial Crisis. New Political Economy.

Kalimo, H., & Söebech, Ò. & Mateo, E. & Sedefov, F. (2019). Giving Biojet Wings. Policy Instruments for a Carbon Neutral Aviation Sector. Colorado Natural Resources, Energy and Environmental Law Review, 30(2), 3–41.

Klose, S. (2019). The emergence and evolution of an external actor’s regional role: An interactionist role theory perspective. Cooperation and Conflict: Nordic Journal of International Studies, 54(3), 426–441.

Lamensch, M. (2019). Plateformes numériques: développements récents en matière de fiscalité. Revue Internationale de Droit Economique, 3, 329–346.

Lefevere, J., De Swert, K., & Tsoulou-Malakoudi, A. (2019). Sub-constituency Campaigning in PR Systems. Evidence from the 2014 General Elections in Belgium. Politics of the Low Countries., 1(3), 237–256.

Lefevere, Jonas, Julie Sevenans, Stefaan Walgrave, en Christophe Lesschaeve. 2019. “Issue Reframing by Parties: The Effect of Issue Salience and Ownership”. Party Politics 25(4): 507–19.

PUBLICATIONS

Oberthür, S. (2019). Hard or Soft Governance? The EU’s Climate and Energy Policy Framework for 2030. Politics and Governance, 7(1), 17-27.

Pacheco Pardo, R., & Klingler-Vidra, R. (2019). The Entrepreneurial Developmental State: What is the Perceived Impact of South Korea’s Creative Economy Action Plan on Entrepreneurial Activity? Asian Studies Review, 43(2), 313-331.

Perot, E. (2019). The art of commitments: NATO, the EU, and the interplay between law and politics within Europe’s collective defence architecture. European Security, 28(1), 40–65.

Potjomkina, D. (2019). EU's value-based approach in trade policy: (free) trade for all? Global Affairs, 5(1), 63-72.

Prange-Gstöhl, H. (2019). The EU’s Approach to Transatlantic Science and Research Relations: Between ‘Laissez Faire’ and ‘Science Diplomacy.’ European Foreign Affairs Review 24(2), 81–98.

Roos, C., & Westerveen, L. (2019). The conditionality of EU freedom of movement: normative change in the discourse of EU institutions. Journal of European Social Policy, 1-16.

Vander Vennet, N., and Salman, M. (2019), "Strategic Hedging and Changes in Geopolitical Capabilities for Second-Tier States", Chinese Political Science Review, Vol. 4, No, (1): pp. 86-134.

Silvestre, S. (2019). Understanding the European Integration in the Asylum Policy: State-of-the-Art and Avenues for Future Research. Journal of Contemporary European Research, 15(4), 401–409.

Van Langenhove, L. (2019). Who cares? Science Diplomacy and the global commons. Australian Quarterly 90(4), 18–27.

Verbruggen, M. (2019). The Role of Civilian Innovation in the Development of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems. Global Policy, 10(3), 338–342.

FULL ARTICLES IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS WITHOUT PEER REVIEW

Adam, I., & Torrekens, C. (2019). Pratiques religieuses des Belges de confession musulmane. La Revue Nouvelle, 6, 61–75.

Kim, T. (2019). U.S. Trans-Pacific and Trans-Atlantic Alliances: A Comparison. Georgetown Journal of International Affairs Lamensch, M. (2019). Trust: A sustainable option for future of the EU VAT system? Column. International VAT Monitor, 29(2), 53–54.

Perot, E. (2019). The Blurring of War and Peace. Survival: Global Politics and Strategy, 61(2), 101–110.

Van Langenhove, L., & Wise, D. (2019). The relation between social representation theory and Positioning Theory. The Relation between Social Representation Theory and Positioning Theory, 28(1).

ALL OTHER PUBLICATIONS AIMED AT THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY

Adam, I., & Thym, D. (2019). Integration. In P. D. B. Brouwer, M. De Somer, & J.-L. De (Eds.), From Tampere 20 to Tampere 2.0 : Towards a New European Consensus on Immigration (pp. 73–86). Brussels: European Policy Centre, Odysseus Network and Egmont Institute.

Adam, I., Trauner, F., Jegen, L., & Roos, C. (2019). West African Interests in (EU) Migration Policy. Policy Brief 04/2019, United Nations University (UNU-CRIS), Bruges.

Desmaele, L. (2019). US Forces Korea in the balance: Time to go home? KF-VUB Korea Chair Policy Brief, Mar 2019.

Desmaele, L., & Simón, L. (2019). East Asia First, Europe Second: Picking Regions in US Grand Strategy. War on The Rocks.

PUBLICATIONS

ANNEX

PUBLICATIONS

Ernst, M. (2019). Doi moi and the February 2019 Trump-Kim Summit in Hanoi. IES Korea Chair Policy Brief, 2019(02).

Ernst, M., Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., & Desmaele, L. (2019). Hanoi Summit Explained: the Key Players’ Views. In Korea Chair Explains.

Ernst, M., Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., & Desmaele, L. (2019). Survey analysis: One year after the Singapore summit. KF-VUB Korea Chair Report, 12 Jun 2019.

Ernst, M., Pacheco Pardo, R., Park, K. B., & Kim, E. (2019). Injuries in the DPRK: The Looming Epidemic. In KFVUB Korea Chair and Harvard Medical School Report.

Giuli, M., Bjerkem, J., Pilati, M., Dheret, C., & Sipka, S. (2019). An industry action plan for a more competitive, sustainable and strategic European Union (p. 64). European Policy Centre.

Kalimo, H., & Mateo, E. (2019). EU External Trade and Investment Policy Influences on Aviation Biofuels (p. 23). Production of fully synthetic paraffinic jet fuel from wood and other biomass (BFSJ 612).

Kim, T., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019). The Second US-DPRK Summit in Hanoi.

Lavallée, C. (2019). The EU policy for civil drones: the challenge of governing emerging technologies. IES Policy Brief.

Lefevere, J., Aelst, V., & P. & Peeters, J. (2019). Politieke advertenties op Facebook, een andere vorm van campagnevoeren? Een vergelijking van Facebookadvertenties en krantenadvertenties in de aanloop naar de verkiezingen van 2019. (p. 10).

Marsden, C., & Meyer, T. (2019). How can the law regulate removal of fake news? Computers and Law, 2019 (Feb.).

Marsden, C., & Meyer, T. (2019). Regulating disinformation with artificial intelligence: Effects of disinformation initiatives on freedom of expression and media pluralism STOA/ESMH Options Brief 4. (March).

Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., Desmaele, L., & Ernst, M. (2019). One year after the Singapore summit: An analysis of the views of the publics of the US, China, Japan and Russia about the situation in the Korean Peninsula. KF-VUB Korea Chair Report 21 Jun 2019.

Pacheco Pardo, R., Kim, T., Desmaele, L., Ernst, M., Cantero Dieguez, P., & Villa, R. (2019). Moon Jae-In’s Policy Towards Multilateral Institutions: Continuity and Change in South Korea’s Global Strategy. KF-VUB Korea Chair Report, Dec 2019.

Potjomkina, D. (2019). Governmentality in EU external trade and environment policy: between rights and market. International Affairs, Vol. 95, Issue 4, pp. 945-946.

Salman, M., and Bircan, T. (2019). Refugee Students’ Experience with the European Higher Education System. A Belgian Case Study. Institute for European Studies Policy Papers Issue 2019/01.

Trauner, F. (2019). EU Internal Security: Countering Threats and/or Respecting Fundamental Rights. Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series, 2019(05), 14.

Trauner, F., Jegen, L., Adam, I., & Roos, C. (2019). The International Organization for Migration in West Africa: Why its Role is Getting More Contested. UNU-CRIS Working Paper, Policy Brief, 2019(03), 1–5.

van Erkel, P., Lefevere, J., Walgrave, S., Jennart, I., Kern, A., Marien, S., & Baudewyns, P. (2019). Verschuivingen inPartijvoorkeur.VeranderingeninPartijvoorkeur2014-2019,entijdensdeverkiezingscampagnevan2019.

Van Langenhove, L. (2019). Creating a dialogue of civilisations: Questions of Method. In R. Higgott (Ed.), Civilisations, states, and world order: Where are we? Where are we going? (pp. 108–114). Berlin:DOC Research Centre.

Walgrave, S., Lefevere, J., Van Erkel, P. F. a., Jennart, I., Rihoux, B., Van Ingelgom, V., Baudewyns, P., e.a. (2019). Vlamingen en Walen stemden voor verschillende partijen maar verschillen minder van mening over het beleid dat ze willen. (p. 12).

Westerveen, L., & Manchenko, M. (2019). (In)visible generations: from integration to equality. Institute for European Studies Policy Brief Issue 2019/02

PAPERS PRESENTED AT CONFERENCES

D'Agostino, S. (2019). Transnational Political Opportunity Spaces for Intersectional Activisms: Does ‘Quality’ Matter? Exploring Romani Women’s Mobilisation at the European Level, paper presented at 26th International Conference of Europeanists (20-22 June 2019); and European Conference on Politics & Gender (ECPG) 3-6 July 2019.

Drieghe, L., Orbie, J., & Shahin, J. (2019). Understanding the impact of Multistakeholderism on global and regional governance, A revised proposal for an analytical framework. Paris: Making Trade Policy More Inclusive Conference.

Gallina, M., Baudewyns, P., & Lefevere, J. (2019). Theroleofpoliticalsophisticationinshapingreasonstovoteforpopulistparties:thecaseofVlaams

Belang in the 2019 Federal Election. 16. Brussels: Belgium the State of the Federation conference 2019.

Goldberg, A., Lefevere, J., & Vreese, C. H. de. (n.d.). Bringing issue ownership voting to the next level: Competence Perceptions and Electoral Choice in EP elections, and the Moderating Influence of Attribution of Responsibility. Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019.

Gheuens, J. (2019). EU climate and energy policy: how myopic is it? Paper presentation at workshop Roskilde University "Energy and environmental policies – their interdependence in European integration and in creating sustainability".

Goldberg, A., Lefevere, J., & Vreese, C. H. de. (n.d.). Bringing issue ownership voting to the next level: Competence Perceptions and Electoral Choice in EP elections, and the Moderating Influence of Attribution of Responsibility. Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019.

Lavallée, C., (17 January 2019). The European Commission’s Policy Entrepreneurship in European Security. Newcastle: Third BISA European Security Working Group Workshop on The Future of European Security.

Lefevere, J., van Erkel, P., Walgrave, S., Jennart, I., Baudewyns, P. & Rihoux, B., (19 December 2019) Represented yet Resentful? Issue Incongruence and Resentment of the Political System.

Lefevere, J., & Van Aelst, P. (2019). Towards a First-Order Arena? Domestic vs European Attention in Belgian Party Campaigns, 2014-2019. 21.

Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019.

Lefevere, J., & Van Aelst, P. (2019). Towards a First-Order Arena? Domestic vs European Attention in Belgian Party Campaigns, 2014-2019. 26.

Poznan: ECREA Political Communication Section Interim Conference

Magazzini, T. & D'Agostino, S. (2019). Superdiversity meets Intersectionality: Exploring New Diversity-related Challenges in Europe, paper presented at the 16th IMISCOE Annual Conference, 26-28 June 2019.

Meyer, T., Marsden, C., & Brown, I. (2019). When you let technology decide. The effects of AI disinformation initiatives on freedom of expression and media pluralism.

Pilet, J.-B., Haute, V., E., Walgrave, S., Celis, K., Lefevere, J., Deschouwer, K., Marien, S., Rihoux, B., & Van Ingelgom, V. (2019). Decomposing political resentment from a citizens’ perspective. An exploration into the 2019 Belgian Election Study.

Potjomkina, D. (2019). No Chance of Contributing to “Better Regulation”?: The Case of EU’s Consultations on Trade Issues. Ottawa: Research Sem-

ANNEX

PUBLICATIONS

inar: The EU and the Crisis of the International Liberal Order: Past Mistakes, Present Challenges and Future Policies

Potjomkina, D. (2019). Please Mind the Gap: Expectations and Reality of the EU’s Consultations on Trade Issues. Toronto: ISA Annual Convention 2019

Potjomkina, D. (2019). The (Not So) Subtle Unilateral Power? EU’s Engagement with Civil Society in the Framework of EU-Georgia DCFTA. Lisbon: UACES 49th Annual Conference.

Potjomkina, D. (2019). Wisdom from Experience: How Civil Society Perceives Its Inclusion in EU Trade Policy-making. Toronto: ISA Annual Convention 2019.

Walgrave, S., van Erkel, P., Jennart, I., Lefevere, J., & Baudewyns, P. (n.d.). How issue salience pushes voters to the left or to the right.

Shahin, J., (2019). Multistakeholder governance of the internet: A European non-approach? Dublin: Future Visions of a Democratic Internet Conference.

Stutz, P. (2019). Cooperating or window-dressing: A fuzzy set analysis of EU migration cooperation extensity with third countries. Mainz: Workshop on Europe's role in Global Migration Governance, 04.-05.07.2019. Stutz, P. & Trauner, F. (2019). Establishing a bird’s eye view on EU return policy: how much do third countries cooperate? Wrocław: ECPR General Conference, 04.-07.09.2019.

Tacea, A, “From the respect of national legal diversity to political motivation: the use of reasoned opinions by national parliaments in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice”, 26th International Conference of Europeanists, Madrid, June 20-22, 2019.

Tacea, A, “Using data mining and data processing to understand the EU law-making process in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice”, 15th Congress of the French Political Science Association, Bordeaux, July 2-4, 2019

Tacea, A., Trauner F., “Inter-parliamentary cooperation in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice : an ineffective tool of policy influence ?, Workshop “Inter-parliamentary Relations in the post-Lisbon European Union”, Maison des Sciences Humaines, University of Luxemburg, 3-4 October 2019

Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019) Worth Fighting For? Selection of FTBs for WTO litigation, Belfast, EPSA conference, 21 June 2019.

Van Kerckhoven, S. and Wellman, C.R. (2019). Entering Goliath’s arena: The rise of new beer in Belgium: how new players contend in a tied (house) market, Beeronomics Conference, Plzen, 13 June 2019.

Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019) Shifting Locations and Oversight: Clearing Houses after Brexit, Workshop, Gent, 17 January 2019.

Vetulani-Cęgiel, A. & Meyer, T., (16 May 2019). Power to the people? Evaluating citizen participation in EU online copyright policy. Salerno: GIG-ARTS 2019.

Vetulani-Cęgiel, A. & Meyer, T., (6 September 2019). Power to the people? Evaluating the European Commission’s engagement efforts in EU online copyright policy. Wrocław: ECPR General Conference 2019.

Verbruggen, M., (28 March 2019). Why is spin-in not yet a win-win? Obstacles to technology transfer of AI from the civilian to the military sector. Toronto: International Studies Association annual conference.

Verbruggen, M., (29 March 2019). A historical overview of the evolving dynamic between the laws of war and military innovation. Toronto: International Studies Association Annual Conference.

Verbruggen, M., (27 June 2019). The role of China in US military pursuit of AI. Paris: European Initiative for Security Studies.

Verbruggen, M., (27 October 2019). The question of swARMS CONTROL–Challenges to Ensuring Human Control over Military Swarms. Darmstadt: SCIENCE x PEACE x SECURITY.

COMMISSIONED RESEARCH AND POLICY WORK

Bernecker, P., Meyer, T., Shahin, J. & Söebech, O. 2019. H2020 CSA Designscapes. Feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels. (p. 9).

Bernecker, P., Meyer, T., Shahin, J. & Söebech, O. 2019. H2020 CSA Designscapes. Feasibility study on (m)apping sustainability in Brussels: final report (p. 4).

Kalimo, H., Mateo, L. (2019) EU External Trade and Investment Policy Influences on Aviation Biofuels. Report D8.1.5. in Project BFSJ 612763 (p. 23) European Commission.

Kalimo, H., Mateo, L. & Söebech, Ò. (2019). International Trade Law implications of Innovative Aviation Biofuels Policies Report D8.1.6. in Project BFSJ 612763 (p. 79) European Commission.

Mattelaer, A. (2019). Articulating the logic of nuclear-sharing. In Security Policy Briefs no. 116. Egmont Royal Institute for International Relations.

Mattelaer, A. (2019). Fostering Belgo-German connectivity in the heart of Europe. In European Policy Briefs no. 55. Egmont - Royal Institute for International Relations.

Mattelaer, A. (2019). The 2019 UK General Election: Towards a Brexit Catharsis? In European Policy Briefs no. 58. Egmont - Royal Institute for International Relations.

Mattelaer, A. (2019). The resurgence of bilateral diplomacy in Europe. In Egmont Papers no. 104 (p. 20). Egmont - Royal Institute for International Relations.

Marsden, C. & Meyer, T. (2019). Regulating disinformation with Artificial Intelligence (AI). The effects of disinformation initiatives on freedom of expression and media pluralism. European Parliament. (p. 83).

Meyer, T., Söebech, O., Shahin, J. & Bernecker, P. (2019). PARENT Brussels pilot report: D6.2. (p. 52).

Meyer, T., Shahin, J., Söebech, Ó. & Bernecker, P. (2019). PARENT Joint pilots and living labs evaluation report: D7.5 (p. 22).

Nagabhatla N., Perera, D., Gheuens, J. Wale, C. and Devlin, M. (2019). Managing disaster risk and water security: Strategies for Small Island Developing States. UNU-INWEH Policy Brief, Issue 6. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Perot, E. (2019). The Aachen Mutual Defence Clause: A Closer Look at the Franco-German Treaty. Egmont Security Policy Brief No. 105.

Shahin, J., Meyer, T., Groen, L., & Söebech, Ó. (2019). PARENT Final Recommendations: D9.2.

Söebech, Ó., Foss Ballo, I., Alskaif, T. & Niessing, H. (2019). PARENT Communication report: D10.2 (p. 45).

Söebech, O., Shahin, J. & Meyer, T. 2019. PARENT Scientific communication report: D10.3 (p.9).

Söebech, Ó., & Williams, H. (2019). PARENT User analysis report: Strategies for stakeholder engagement: D4.3 (p. 26).

Van Der Vet, I. (2019). Mindb4Act Deliverable 1.4. Macro-Survey (p.64).

Van Der Vet, I. (2019). Mindb4Act D4.1. Database on various court decisions on human rights, radicalisation and security (p. 222).

Van Kerckhoven, S. (2019). Europe’s Trade Strategy, European Business Summit Policy Paper

Verbruggen, M. (2019). The question of swARMS CONTROL: Challenges to ensuring human control over military swarms. EU Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Consortium.

NEWSPAPER OP-EDS AND ONLINE COMMENTARY

Giuli, M. (2019, October 3). Euro: energia, maggiore statuto = maggiore peso geo-economico. Affari Internazionali.

Giuli, M. (2019, November 19). La neutralità climatica e la sicurezza energetica dell’Europa. Limes: Rivista Italiana Di Geopolitica.

Giuli, M. (2019, December 18). Il clima al centro: ragioni e conseguenze del Green Deal europeo. Limes: Rivista Italiana Di Geopolitica.

Kim, T., & Pacheco Pardo, R. (2019, August 8). Why, to American voters, Trump is already winning on North Korea. NK News.

Mattelaer, A. (2019, July 16). Kernwapens in België weg willen is makkelijk gezegd, maar snapt iedereen de impact voor onze veiligheid? VRT.

Mattelaer, A. (2019, December 17). Brexit zet extra druk op formatiegesprekken. De Tijd

Meyer, T. & Marsden, C. (2019, March 20). A scientist’s opinion: interview with Dr Trisha Meyer & Prof Chris Marsden about technology & disinformation. European Science Media Hub.

Meyer, T. & Marsden, C. (2019, March 20). The promise and limitations of technological solutions to disinformation. European Science Media Hub.

Meyer, T. (2019, May 9). Swaying and safeguarding. Developments in technology and neuroscience offer researchers new opportunities to study and influence elections. Research Europe.

Van Langenhove, L. (2019, July). Examining EU leadership in science and cultural diplomacy. Horizon Magazine.

Van Langenhove, L. (2019d, August 19). The Coolness of Brexit. UNU-CRIS Website.

Van Langenhove, L. (2019, September 9). Studeren in Rome, Madrid en Antwerpen tegelijk. De Standaard.

Van Langenhove, L. (2019, November 8). The psychology of walls and the need for windows of dialogue. Walls DOC Website.

Van Langenhove, L., & Higgott, R. (2019, March 26). Lessons learned from the EL-CSID project. EL-CSID Website.