GB - 715 PETROVANY

ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH of ST. PETER and ST. PAUL

Source: Košice City Archive 1312, 15th June Battle of Rozhanovce (a village now in the Košice-Environs district). Charles Robert I defeats the rebellious feudal lords who have taken control of Košice together with Matthias Csák of Trenčín 1427 36 inhabited and taxable houses, called portae (Latin: porta = gateway through which a hay-laden cart could enter the yard.

16th/17th C Reformation and Counter-reformation → next section 1604 Beginning of 100 years of anti-Habsburg uprisings by the Hungarian nobility, which brought extreme suffering to our ancestors.

1711 Treaty of Szatmáry. End of the nobles’ uprisings. The Austrian Habsburg monarchy is reinforced.

1717 Death of Count František Klobušický. Between 1701– 1708 he was administrator to the sheriff of the shire of Šariš, residing in Prešov. His widow Countess Zsófia supports the Minorites during re-Catholicization.

1749 Church visitation led by Bishop Barkóczi of Eger.

1740–1780 Reign of Empress Maria Theresa (b.1717–d.1780).

1772 Introduction of the “urbár” in Petrovany, the property register setting the regular tithes and taxes payable by vassals to their landlords.

1774–1778 Population census records 656 inhabitants in the village, including 255 children under 17.

1780–90 Reign of MT’s son Joseph II (b.1741–d.1790). In 1781 he issued the Patent of Toleration, giving Lutherans

1914–1918 First World War. 1918, 28th Oct. First Czechoslovak Republic is established.

1923 Social services home set up by Dr Vladimír Pospíšil → Stately Home section 1929 Start of electrification of the village.

1939 Arrival of Dominican nuns. By 1943 they had 156 people in their care in the social services home.

1939, 14th March Establishment of the Slovak State.

Three Jewish families lived in the then separate village Močarmany. One of them was transported during the war, and they died in the concentration camps.

1945, 19th Jan. Liberation of Petrovany.

1945, 8th May End of the Second World War. 1948 Beginning of forcible collectivization of smallholders’ land.

1950 Opening of the Jednota cooperative shop.

1952 Introduction of bus service.

1965 Merger of Petrovany and Močarmany under the name Petrovany.

1971 Construction of Local People’s Committee building (since 1990 the Council Offices) and Culture Hall.

1976 Construction of the motorway.

1978 Building of four residential blocks.

1990–1992 Village connected to mains gas supply.

1993, 1st Jan. Establishment of the Slovak Republic.

1995 Building of the Dominican nuns’ convent.

2002 Building of the “House of Hope” funeral parlour.

2008 Start of construction of the Hura–Vysielač industrial park; mains water system commissioned; floods in the village (24.4). End of 70 years of social activity by the Dominican nuns. Their convent becomes St. Dominic’s Social Services House and Retirement Home.

2008, 11th Sept. Opening of Močarmany brickworks.

2010 Setting-up of Mamina centre; floods in the village, landslip and road damage.

2011 Reconstruction of the health centre.

2015 Opening of LIRI seniors’ day centre; reconstruction of the community centre.

2017 Reconstruction of Council Offices and Culture Hall building.

2019 Commissioning of waste-water treatment plant.

HISTORY OF THE VILLAGE

MOST IMPORTANT EVENTS IN THE 20th CENTURY

Peter was the head of the early Church. Originally called Simon, he and his brother Andrew were the first apostles to heed Jesus’ call while fishing on the Sea of Galilee: ´Follow me and I will make you fishers of men´ → Mk 1,16-20; Mt 4,18-22; Lk 5,1-11.

First Bishop of Rome, and first Pope: ´You are Peter and on this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it´→ Mt 16,18.

Paul the Apostle was born in the city of Tarsus (present-day Turkey) → Acts of the Apostles 21,39; 22,3. First called Saul, he was a Roman citizen → Acts 16,37ff; 22,25ff; 23,27 and a fanatical persecutor of Christians. God appeared to him on the road to Damascus: ´Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?´ → Acts 9,4 and he was baptized → Acts 9,18. He alone is known as the “Apostle of Nations”.

They share the same feast day: 29th June.

The original St. Peter’s Church was built before the year 1304, prior to the first written mention of the village. The present-day single-aisled church with Gothic features was built later, partially on the older foundations. From 1555 onwards, during the Reformation, the well-known principle from the Treaty of Augsburg was applied: CUIUS REGIO, EIUS RELIGIO = Whose realm, his religion. The local prince could decide the confession of his vassals.

Count František Klobušický (→ previous section) was responsible for the return of the church to the Catholics on 5th Aug. 1716.

The following extract comes from the book: Barkóci’s Visitation of the Šariš Archdiaconate (1749), Peter Zubko, Peter Žeňuch, Slavistický ústav Jána Stanislava, Bratislava 2017, pp. 55-56.

“Petrovany (Szentpeter, SzentPéter). Seat of a Roman Catholic parish. The stone-built parish church of All Saints was ancient and in reasonable state. It was built by the Forgach family, as could be identified from a stone in the church vault. Two bells hung in the wooden bell-tower. All the inhabitants spoke Slovak. The parochial house was in a very poor state, with only two rooms.

In the filial village Kendice (Kende) stood a very old church, abandoned for many years, and previously used by Calvinists. The wooden bell-tower was rebuilt from its foundations in 1746. All the inhabitants were Slovaks.

In the filial village Močarmany (Moczarman, Mocsarman) there was a wooden church, the age of which was quite unknown, and the Catholics had acquired it from the Calvinists. One small bell hung in the wooden tower, which was without a roof. All the inhabitants spoke Slovak.

In the filial village Ruská Nová Ves (Ujfalva) stood a wooden church in desolate condition. Nothing was known about the age of this church.

In the 17th century the village Petrovany was the seat of a Calvinist parish. In 1722 the village Kendice had a Lutheran motherchurch. The Roman Catholic parish in Petrovany was re-established in 1716”.

The high altar dates from 1927 and was made in the Italian Tirol.

In 2002 a new altar table with an ambon (Latin: podium, pulpit) was installed in accordance with the prescriptions of the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965).

At present the church has four bells: the smallest, St. Martin, the “death-knell”, weighs 61 kg and dates from 1921, while the other three were cast in 1936. The largest, Peter and Paul, weighs 564 kg, the second, Mother of God, 326 kg and the third, Glory to God, 175 kg.

Before the First World War there were also four bells in the tower, but two of them were requisitioned (Lat. requiere = require back) for military purposes, most likely for making cannons. The third and fourth bells were sold off after the installation of the new bells.

The organ dates from 1899 and was made by the well-known Rieger company of Jägensdorf, now called Krnov in northern Moravia.

Church wardens: Andrej Varga (1943–1980), Jozef Smelý (1980– 1998), Ján Krivý (1998–2012), Jozef Marcinčin (2012 to date) together with his wife Helena, who still carries out this service.

The village of Záborské also belongs in the parish of Petrovany.

On 1st Sept. 2002 a room of divine service of the Lutheran Church was consecrated in the filial part Petrovany-Močarmany.

STATELY HOME

THE DOMINICAN ORDER

The presence of this stately home is proof of the village’s rich history.

The Slovak word kaštieľ , like the French château, is derived from the Latin castellum, which can also mean castle.

1691 Manor house belonging to Count Szentiváni. His daughter Zsófia married František Klobušický, and thus the village became their property.

1756 Maria Theresa raised the family to the nobility, and František became Count Klobušický → previous sections.

1756–1767 Zsigmond Klobušický, grandson of František, had a Baroque stately home built in place of the old manor house.

Late 19th C: Baron Alfonz Vécsey lived here with his wife and daughter.

Motto: Laudare, Benedicere, Prædicare (Latin: Praise, Bless, Preach). The monks and nuns of this order have the letters OP after their name (Ordo Prædicatorum = Order of Preachers).

The order was established in France in 1215 by St. Dominic (b.1170? in Spain – d.1221 in Bologna, Italy), feast day 4th Aug. A year later the order was approved by Pope Honorius III. Further information: www.dominikani.sk ⁄ www.op.org (headquarters in Rome).

The house served as a hunting lodge for the nobility until 1918. www.kastielpetrovany.sk After the establishment of the first Czechoslovak Republic he sold it to some local Jewish traders, and in 1923 they in turn sold it to Dr. Vladimír Pospíšil (b.1887–d.1955), the then warden-in-chief of the Czechoslovak state children’s home in Košice, who set up his social services home here (Petrovany people call it “the institute”).

1938 Dr. Vladimír Pospíšil was appointed to the Ministry for Health Care in Prague, and he called the Dominican nuns to the home.

Dominican nuns in the village The first nuns of the order came to Petrovany from Olomouc in 1939. The nuns from the Czech congregation of St. Zdislava took over the running of Dr. Vladimír Pospíšil’s social services home.

In 1943 Petrovany was chosen as the seat of the first prioress general of the Slovak Congregation of Dominican Sisters, sr. M. Dalma Kertész, who was also in charge of the social services home.

The nuns took care of 150 inmates in this home.

Part of the home was a special needs school in which the nuns also taught.

During the Second World War one Jewish boy was saved when he was kept in the home disguised as an inmate.

In 1950 the home was taken over by the state, but the nuns continued performing their social activity up until 2008.

In 1995 the consecration of the newly-built convent took place.

Starting in 2000 some of the nuns took over religious instruction in the nearby schools.

In December 2008 St. Dominic’s Retirement Home was set up in the convent premises. This home presently provides social services to 30 retired people. Ten elderly and ailing people are looked after in their own homes, which is known as “working in the field”.

In May 2019 there were six nuns working in Petrovany, involved in educational and social activities. In addition they take part in organizing various parish events, such as day camps for children and teenagers, meetings with lay Dominicans or prayer sessions.

Source: Sister Edita and www.dominikanky.sk

Kraków

Praha

Bardejov Petrovany →

Prešov

Košice

Bratislava Wien Budapest

S TAT E LY H O M E

1301 Death of the Hungarian king Andreas III (b.1265– d.1301), who reigned from 1290–1301. With him the Arpád dynasty dies out on the spear (male) side, and a struggle for the throne ensues.

1304 Oldest written mention of the village with the name SCENPETUR (Latin: Sanctus Petrus, English: Saint Peter).

1308 Charles Robert I of the Anjou dynasty becomes king of Greater Hungary, albeit with restricted powers.

and Calvinists limited equal rights with Roman Catholics.

A year later he also improved the religious standing of Jews.

1785 Abolition of feudal bondage in Greater Hungary.

Serfdom was abolished in 1848.

1831 Anti-feudal uprising in eastern Slovakia, actively supported by village inhabitants.

1880 The population register shows 693 permanent residents in the village, later 714 in 1921, 942 in 1940, 1786 in 1965 (merger with nearby Močarmany), 1692 in 1990, and 1961 inhabitants as of 12 March 2019.

1880 Start of period of great emigration to America.

R O M A N C AT H O L I C C H U R C H o f S T. P E T E R a n d S T. PAU L

HISTORY OF THE VILLAGE IN CONTEXT

THE ARMS OF PETROVANY Keys have always been symbols of access to (and sometimes also fall from) knowledge and power. In this country the memory of jingling keys in November 1989 is still fresh. A key or pair of keys is the symbol of St. Peter → Mt 16,19.

The papal arms also have two crossed keys.

Gold colour symbolizes the link between heaven and earth. In heraldry gold is used to express the truth, wisdom and enlightenment.

A star is a symbol of hope in darkness, and it shows the way to distant lands → the Magi, Mt 2, 1-12.

Blue is the colour of the sky and of heaven, and symbolizes faith, immortality and infinity.

A tree is a symbol of perseverance, longevity, time and tradition.

Green is the colour of new life, new hope and youth (school-leavers’ ribbon).

The village arms are inscribed in the Heraldic Register of Slovakia, ref. no.

P-118/99.

Number of inhabitants: 1961, 12th March 2019. The village has its own health centre and pharmacy.

The priest František Mašľár (b.1933), who was incumbent here in the years 1973–1990, has especial merit in the fact that this village has produced eight priests and five nuns.

The current reverend leader of the parish PhDr., PaedDr., ThLic., Vladimír Novák, PhD., (since 1.9.2018) is the 23rd in a series of priests going back to 1716.

Road distances in km: PREŠOV: 8; KOŠICE: 26; BARDEJOV: 50; LEVOČA: 65.

Historical names of the village: 1304 – Scenpetur; 1948 – Petrovany.

There is a complete list on the village web-site.

The river Torysa rises in the middle of the Levoča Hills, then flows through Lipany, Sabinov and Prešov. It finally runs into the river Hornád near the village of Nižná Hutka, south-east of Košice. Its total length is around 130 km.

Petrovany is a member of the Ekotorysa microregion.

Principal sources: Jozef Jacko, PETROVANY at its 700-year jubilee, 2004 Juraj Balaščák, The Convent of the Dominican Sisters; www.petrovany.sk With special thanks to Mrs. Marta Frištiková, registrar and chronicler of the village for her generous assistance and excellent cooperation.

Special honour and respect should be paid to sister Svorada Gajdošová OP (b.1920–d.1999). From 1947 to 1969 she was in charge of the home and also conventual prioress, and between 1969 and 1971 she was prioress general of the Dominican sisters in Slovakia. After she retired in 1983 she lived in Dunajská Lužná, where she also died.

© Jozef Soročin, www.issuu.com/VydSorocinJ, 2019 © Design & Layout: Milan Bobula, mbobula5@gmail.com © English translation: Andrew Billingham, ajbilingual@gmail.com © Photographs: Peter Olekšák (10), peter.oleksak@centrum.sk; Petrovany Municipal Office (OcÚ) (13) © OcÚ Petrovany 317, 082 53 Petrovany, www.petrovany.sk, published by Jozef Soročin, Martina Rázusa 1848/6, 071 01 Michalovce © Printing: Rotaprint, s. r. o., Barčianska 68, 040 17 Košice

SCHOOLS

The volunteer fire brigade was set up in the village in 1926.

Brief history 1768 First known school established in the village thanks to generous support from Countess Juliána Amália, wife of Anton Klobušický, son of František Klobušický → sections 1 and 2.

1862 Village school attended by 80 pupils, with 30 boys and 27 girls from Petrovany and 13 boys and 10 girls from Močarmany.

1878 New, “single-class” school built near the cemetery, in which teaching continued until 1938. Then a new building with four classrooms was built.

1932 Arrival in village of teaching couple Mária and Dezider Jinda, who worked here to great benefit until 1951. Dezider Jinda was also the local church organist, as well as a fruit-grower and animal-rearer. He passed on his knowledge and skills directly to his pupils, and for many years his wife Mária taught all the first-year classes. 1948, 1st Dec. Establishment of municipal school.

The fire brigade in 2019

Back row from left: Jozef Balaščák, Jozef Zajac, Ondrej Sabol, Vladimír Kobulský, Ján Parimucha, Ondrej Dobrovič, František Sabol, Jozef Pavlinský, Rudolf Sabol-Korečko, Anton Miškaň, Jozef Sabolčik, Jozef Kaščák Second row from left: Jozef Varga, Helena Dernerová, Eva Adamová, Oľga Petrželová, Jolana Pechová, Eva Štofanková, Anna Marcinová, Marta Sabolová, Božena Nováková, Anna Golenovská, Ondrej Tlučko Third row from left: Helena Nemcová, Anna Tlučková, Irena Matysová, Marta Palenčárová, class teacher Štefan Hatok, Helena Oršuľaková, Anna Macková, Elena Šarocká, Mária Lukáčová, Mária Bajová Front row from left: Ladislav Holub, František Kovaľ, Dezider Smelý, Jozef Hromjak Back row from left: Pavol Jurko, Matúš Krupka, Ján Štec, Milan Kustra, Radovan Pecuch, Adam Oršuľák Front row from left: Lucia Dorková, Dominika Jurková, Dominika Strakayová, Róbert Kohlmayer The patron saint of firefighters is St. Florian, who was a Roman military officer.

In the year 304, during the persecution of Christians in the reign of Emperor Diocletian, he was tied to a mill-stone and drowned in the river Enns near the town of Linz in Austria. He is often portrayed wearing Roman or medieval armour, and his attributes are a jug of water and a burning house.

Legend has it that he saved a burning town by praying over it.

His feast day is 4th May.

1962 New building of the present-day school. The gym was added in 2002.

Elementary school pupils: 176; 93 boys, 83 girls Nursery school children: 51; 28 boys, 23 girls

CULTURE

ŠPORT

The village has always sought to preserve traditions which strengthen people’s feeling of belonging and pride in their roots: traditional folk songs and dances, beautiful folk costumes and folk lore, as well as amateur theatre.

The history of sport in the village, particularly of football, is described in the publication called “TJ Zlatý klas Petrovany 1950– 2000”, from where the following information is taken: The first name of the sports club was Sokol (Falcon), later Družstevník (Cooperative Farmer) and then TJ Zlatý klas (Golden Corn Sports Club), the same name as the local collective farm. The village sports ground was first in the field named “na Pažiti”, later “behind Nemcovu, Jackovu and Hatočinu gardens”.

Anna Vargová (b.1924–d.1998) wearing local folk costume in 1940 Jozef Príhoda The best-known and most popular singer of traditional folk songs was and still remains Jožko Príhoda (b.1930–d.1987). Born in the village, he started performing even as a 7-yearold, singing in an operetta prepared for Mothers’ Day. When he was 19 he was successful in casting for the National Theatre in Košice, where he performed as a solo singer and member of the chorus. In 1951 he completed his military service as a singer in the Military Artistic Ensemble in Bratislava, and then stayed on there until 1955.

The football team of 1959

When the Poddukliansky ukrajinský ľudový súbor (PUĽS – Eastern Slovak-Ukrainian Traditional Folk Ensemble) was formed in Prešov in 1956, Jožko joined it as a solo singer and went on performing until 1981. He and his long-term co-performer Mária Mačošková formed a duo, and with their artistry they made eastern Slovakia and its folk songs famous throughout this country and abroad as well.

Jožko performed on television and recorded several collections of traditional folk songs in Šariš dialect. The best known of these are “Večar je, večar je” (It’s evening) recorded with the ensemble in 1981 and his solo album named “Bul ja beťar” (I was a right lad) from 1984.

He personally collected folk songs, not only in the Šariš region but throughout eastern Slovakia. Even in retirement he continued workin full-time for the Šarišan trad-folk ensemble. On 29. 6.1987 Jožko Príhoda succumbed to illness at the age of 57. The sound of his voice could soothe the soul, especially when he let go with his “Bul ja beťar” or “Parobčene mojo” (My ladding about). He always proudly recalled his native village.

It is also worth remembering the Roma group led by “primáš Mača” (lead fiddle Ján Mikula Németh with his four sons), which was well known throughout this region. The traditional folk ensemble group was set up in 1972, led by Viera Smelá. Later it was led by Eva Bedlovičová, Helena Hatoková and Anna Mikolajová. it was renamed as the Jožko Príhoda Ensemble in 2003.

From left: Denisa Krivá, Karina Simkuličová, Laura Komová, Miriam Ivanová, Alexandra Havrilová, Andrea Frišová, Zuzana Žarnayová, Bernadeta Krivá, Monika Polorecká The church choir is made up of: Peter Vaščák, Bernadeta Krivá, Patrícia Pápežová, Zuzana Žarnayová, Andrea Frišová, Miriam Ivanová, Karina Simkuličová, Laura Komová, Alžbeta Frištiková, Michal Frištik a Monika Polorecká Published in 1969

Ján Jacko (b.1898–d.1977). Born in the nearby village of Kendice, he served in Petrovany as the Roman Catholic priest from 1938 to 1973. He was a great local patriot.

During the war christened five Jewish women, and thanks to him one Jewish boy survived the war in disguise in the social services home.

Prof. PhDr. Jozef Jacko, CSc., (b.1928–d.2004).

Born in Petrovany, he remained faithful to his native village throughout his life.

A linguistician and historian, he worked in several universities, ultimately as a professor at Prešov University. He educated hundreds of teachers of Slovak language, and he focused his research on the morphological variability of geographical names and surnames in the population.

Back row from left: Martin Šarocký, Monika Jankovičová, Jozef Voľanský, Dáša Vargová, Jozef Rjapoš, Anastázia Odelgová, Júlia Šarocká, Marta Čuchranová, Valéria Sedláková, Stanislava Pigová, Miroslav Sopko, Miriam Srokovská, Veronika Jankovičová, Mária Šarocká, Peter Štofanik Front row from left: Peter Ivanko, Šimon Piga, Tomáš Piga, Ján Sokol, Štefan Pulik-Kováč, Anton Piga In 2003 the ensemble was renamed as the Jožko Príhoda Ensemble. The accordion player was Miroslav Sopko →Village Personalities section.

In 2009 the ensemble split and a new trad-folk ensemble was formed called PETROVIANČAN, which is now celebrating its tenth anniversary.

VILLAGE PERSONALITIES

Back row from left: †Martin Olejník, †Jozef Spišák, †Imrich Mrúz, †Andrej Piga, †Fines Tóth, †František Zajac Front row from left: Jozef Kovaľ, Milan Zusko, †Jozef Nemec, †Cyril Oršuľák, †Ladislav Zusko Virtual Best Players Eleven 1950–2000 Goalkeeper: Ondrej Zelinko Defence: Ladislav Jacko, Dušan Palenčár, Vladimír Pápež Midfield: Jozef Tlučko, Miroslav Sopko, Martin Olejník, Ján Šoltís Forwards: Jozef Nemec, Milan Zusko, Juraj Balaščák Best sportsman – footballer Miroslav Sopko, played for Petrovany, ČH Prešov, Tatran Prešov, and appeared in Trenčín and Bratislava too. Played 196 top league matches, and represented the CSSR 11 times in the national U-23 team → Village Personalities section Best trainer Ján Stredňák, played for Petrovany, Tatran Prešov, Vranov, later trainer of the U-16, U-19 and adult teams in Petrovany.

Best all-round member of the team and sports club Ján Nemec, successful football player and team official.

Best team official Milan Zusko, player and member of Petrovany club committee, chairman of district FA 1990–1998, member of regional and district FA 1992–2000, member of Bratislava regional committee of the Slovak FA, also official of Slovak Handball Assoc. in Bratislava.

In the year 2000 the parish and village offices cooperated in creating some tennis courts in the parochial house garden.

In 2002 the gym annexe was completed at the elementary school.

In 2005 a mini-football pitch with artificial turf was built, where tournaments involving all the local parts of the village are regularly organized.

František Pribula (b.1933). Born in Šváby, a village which is now a ward of the city of Prešov. He worked as a history teacher at various school levels, including Petrovany elementary school from 1952 to 1971. From 1957 to 1981 he also wrote the Chronicle of the Village and the School. In 2019 he was granted honorary citizenship of Petrovany.

Ján Sabol (b.1931–d.2002). Born in Petrovany-Močarmany. He worked for the village for an incredible 41 years, first as chairman of the Local People’s Committee and later as local mayor (1958–1998). He can be credited to an enormous degree with many aspects of the overall development of his native village.

Mgr. Miroslav Sopko (b.1950). This multitalented local-born man started with football at home. He gained a degree in Slovak and German languages at the Faculty of Arts of P. J. Šafárik University in Prešov. He was mayor of Petrovany from 1998 to 2006. Four years later, on the 60th anniversary of the start of organized football in the village, he was presented with a commemorative medal as the best-ever football player.

715 PETROVANY

FIREFIGHTERS