Urban Computing Computation Design
Research Interests
Data Morphosis
Spatial analysis, Data visualization, Computational urban design, Urban computing, Integrate digital tools to investigate human and space interaction;
M.C.P. in City Design & Development, DUSP, MIT, USA M.ARCH. Urban Design (with Distinction), UCL, UK B.E. Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
www.qiuwaishan.com
Selected Works 2008-2018
Waishan Qiu
Spatial Data Analysis Heatmap of Dockless Bikeshare Users based on GPS Data from Ofo Bike’s Operation in 4 Cities in the Greater Boston Area Professional work at Ofo Bike US Title: Geospatial analytics, deployment planner
ofo Bike is the largest dockless bike sharing program in the world now. I have been their spatial analytics and campus ambassador since 2017.05 and the cooperation relationship would continue throughout my researches. I have analyzed their operational spatial data for the city of Worcester, Malden, Revere and Chelsea. Those cities see quite different rider behaviors, largely due to the urban form, the landuse, the economic and tourism attractions. Revere, as a tourism attraction, obviously see more weekend users, while Malden, a working-living city, see much more daily rides in the weekdays. Malden, MA, Oct-Nov 2017 Total trips: 5,663; Total users: 1459; Trips per day: 170; Daily trips Weekday/ Weekend Ratio: 0.87
Chelsea, MA, Oct-Nov 2017 Total trips: 4,316; Total users: 674; Trips per day: 79; Daily trips Weekday/ Weekend Ratio: 1.24 DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
Revere, MA, Oct-Nov 2017 Total trips: 9,213; Total users: 1815; Trips per day: 167; Daily trips Weekday/ Weekend Ratio: 0.94
Worcester, MA, Sep-Nov 2017 Total trips: 8,018; Total users: 1,141; Trips per day: 103; Weekday/ Weekend Daily rides ratio: 0.85 6
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Link: https://dusp.mit.edu/cdd/news/big-data-visualization-and-society-exhibition-opens
Big Data Visualization & Society Exhibition | Tweets Density of Prayer and Congestion Curator: Prof. Sarah Williams, Carlos Sandoval Olascoaga; Contribution: Coding, Data Analysis, Visualization, Graphic Design
Tweets data in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from Oct to Dec 2015 were scraped by the Twitter API and then were categorized to ‘Prayer‘ ‘Traffic‘ and other categories by identifying each tags, contents, and key words. Analysis of the data showed that conversation about traffic and prayer occur more than average and Twitter users do use social media to complain about the poor congestion issues.
1. WORKFLOW Tweets in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Filter: According to the Dictionary
Count: By Hours
Average: By Days Average Amount in 24 Hours
2. ALL TWEETS DENSITY
3. WORKING PROCESS
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
14
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Link: http://qiuwaishan.github.io/RiyadhGo/
Big Data Visualization & Urban Issues Riyadh Go | Measure the Commute Cost by Ridesharing in Riyadh Final Project for 11.947 Big Data Visualization & Society Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams, TA: Carlos Sandoval Olascoaga, Mike Forster; Collaborate: Xu ZHANG; Contribution: Python NetworkX caculation, HTML interaction, Prototype
Riyadh GO is a comprehensive visualization of your real-world travelling cost in terms of Money and Time from Riyadh hotspots. You can easily explore how far can you travel by Uber within 30 minutes and 50 SAD (local currency). Special thanks to technical supports from Civic Data Design Lab, especially Prof. Sarah Williams, TA Carlos and Mike. Without them, the website and service cannot be fully realized. 1. Data source Foursquare checkin data of riyadh are visualized as node size and heat gradient to define the hotspots. Riyadh transportation od analysis data and congession simulation data from mit humnet lab are deployed to visualize the real time cost. Uber cost estimate algorithm is deployed to assess the comprehensive real-world cost of money, which is a combination of time and distance. 2. Uber cost estimation
3. Incremental distance and time caculation by python
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
Market
Airport
Bar
Normal Display
Zoomed in Map
Dragged Map
4. Final interface in the exhibit
16
Phone Shop
Phone Shop
Phone Shop
Cost of Money Area
Cost of Time Area
Cost of Distance Area
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Urban Computing & Geospatial Analysis Measuring the Realistic Commute Cost for Saudi Females in Riyadh and Its Impact on Employment
Spatial Mismatch of Saudi Females and Their Jobs
M.C.P. Thesis @ MIT, Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams, Reader: Jawaher Al-Sudairy With supports from Evidence of Policy Design (EPoD) at Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) & MIT Civic Data Design Lab
Abstract: Ridesharing has the potential to provide greater access to employment for women in Riyadh. This research
will develop methods to understand the realistic commute cost (measure by SR) of using these systems compared with other transit options for different female job sectors. The results show that while ridesharing could benefit the most population for women’s employment in retail and education, it will also increase female access to manufacturing sector dramatically from as little as 1.70% to 39.76%. The research will also look at the feasibility of developing ridesharing programs based on current analysis of trips from the taxi trips data.
By Street-hail Taxi
By E-hail Taxi (Careem)
By E-hail Taxi (Uberx)
By Car Pooling (Kasper)
to Manufacturing Sector Affordability Buffer
<10% income, < $ 8.25 per trip <20% income, < $ 16.50 per trip
Research Outline
<30% income, < $ 24.75 per trip
Hypothesis
1. Driving ban on saudi females 2. The low employment rate in Saudi female population (22%)
Commute cost is the barrier for saudi female to access jobs
Ridesharing companies claim that majority of their customers are Saudi females
Ridesharing reduces economic cost; The operation of these services for female is feasible
Methods
Findings
Accessibility and economic opportunities
Accessibility measures and data source -Google Maps API - Share-ability Algorithm
Economic cost of commute is relevant to the high unemployment rate for Saudi females in Riyadh
Share-ability measurement and data source -Network computing
Current trips are share-able; There are benefits for reducing traffic congestion
-Notion and interpretation -Measurement
Shareability and its benefits -Definition and emerging trend -Measurement
Accessibility and Its Measures Accessibility’s Definition The potential for reaching spatially distributed opportunities for employment, recreation, social interaction, etc.
Literature
Accessibility Components
Cost of Travel (time and money) Opportunities (quality and quantity)
Gravity-Based Measurement Estimates the accessibility of opportunities in zone i to all other zones (n). Smaller and/ or more distant opportunities provide diminishing influences. The measure assumes a negative exponential cost function:
zone 1 D1
zone 2 D2
zone 3 D3
Cij1 zone 4 D4
zone 6 D6
zone i Cij9
Ai: is a measure of accessibility in zone i to all opportunities D in zone j, Dj: degree of all opportunities in zone j cij: the costs of travel between i and j β: the cost sensitivity parameter.
zone 7 D7
<40% income, < $ 33.00 per trip
Saudi Female Job Sectors
zone 8 D8
zone 9 D9
to Education Sector Affordability Buffer
<10% income, < $ 11.25 per trip <20% income, < $ 22.50 per trip <30% income, < $ 33.75 per trip <40% income, < $ 45.00 per trip
Female’s Access to the Planned Transit System
27% of Saudi women in Riyadh are employed in Education 14% the retail sector, while Healthcare 4% 22% are employed Others 24% in the construction Manufacturing 9% sector. Education and Construction 22% manufacturing are the next largest employers of Retail 27% women, accounting for 14% and 9% of the workforce respectively.
to Healthcare Sector Affordability Buffer
<10% income, < $ 9.00 per trip <20% income, < $ 18.00 per trip <30% income, < $ 27.00 per trip <40% income, < $ 36.00 per trip
Vulnerable to Commute Cost Percentage of the population
Phenomenon
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
Affordability of Different Commute Options to Saudi Female Job Sectors
100 90
77%
80 70 60
50%
50
There is a heavy concentration in the SR 3,000 income bracket, which is the minimum wage for Saudis. Suppose a maximum 30% of the income goes to commute, the affordable cost per trip is around 22.5 SR.
to Retail Sector
Affordability Buffer <10% income, < $ 8.25 per trip
40 30
male female
20 10 0 1500
3000
4500
6000
8000
12000 17500 25000 SR
<20% income, < $ 16.50 per trip
52% of Women in Riyadh Will Live Beyond 5-minutes Walking Distance toTransit Stations
<30% income, < $ 24.75 per trip <40% income, < $ 33.00 per trip
Concentration of Salaries in Riyadh
18
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Total Females Jobs Can be Reached Within 30% of Monthly IncomeTotal AsFemale Commute Cost Jobs Can Be Reached Within the Cost Buffer
70 70
Summary of Accessibility Measured by Money Only
Accessibility Measured by Money Cost Only
Only take into account money cost, (1) Ridesharing + Transit, (2) Ridesharing, and (3) Online Hail Taxi are the most affordable commute options for females in Riyadh.
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
by Street Hail Taxi
by Only Hail Taxi
by Ridesharing
by Planned Transit System
by Planned Transit System + Ridesharing
0.36 million, 24%
1.19 million, 81%
1.45 million, 99%
1.25 million females, 85%
1.47 million, 100%
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Accessibility to Female Employments By Different Transportation Option (Cumulative Mode) (Only Money Cost is Considered for the Commute Cost Buffer, Accessibility to Female Employments Measured by Money Cost Employment sectors= education, healthcare, retail, and manufacture)
60 60
Street Hail Online Hail
50
50
Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit
40 40
Transit Only
30 30
20 20
10
10
0
0
0
5
5
10
10
15
15
Street Hail
20
20
25
25
30
30
Distance to City Center (KM)
Distance to City Center Online Hail Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit
35
35
40
40
45
50 KM
45
50
55
Transit Only
Summary of Accessibility Measured by Money + Time
Legend 1-10 jobs 10-30 jobs 30-40 jobs 40-50 jobs 50-66 jobs
Accessibility Measured by Money + Time
When both time and money cost are considered, situation changes. (1) Online Hail Taxi, (2) Street Hail Taxi, and (3) Ridesharing are the most affordable commute options for females in Riyadh.
by Street Hail Taxi
by Only Hail Taxi
by Ridesharing
by Planned Transit System
by Planned Transit System + Ridesharing
0.73 million, 49%
1.30 million, 88%
0.38 million, 26%
0.70million, 47%
0.71 million, 48%
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:
Accessibility to Female Employments By Different Transportation Option (Cumulative Mode)
70
Total Females Jobs Can be Reached Within 30% of Monthly Income Aswithin Commute Total Female Jobs Can Be Reached the Cost BufferCost
70
(Cost= Money Cost + Time*Sensitivity, Accessibility to Female Employments Measured by Time and Transfer delay = 10 minutes per transfer, sensitivity = 1.8 SAR per minute, Money Cost (1Employment minutesectors= = 1.8education, SR) healthcare, retail, and
1. Cost= Money Cost + Time*Sensitivity 2. Sensitivity = 1.8 SR per minute 2. Transfer delay = 10 min per transfer switch 3. Ridesharing delay = 10 min
60
60
50
50
Street Hail Online Hail
40
40
Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit
30 30
Transit Only
20
20
10
10 0
R² = 0.7888 0
0
5
5
10
10
15
15
Street Hail
20
20
25
25
30
30
Distance to City Center (KM)
Distance to City Center Online Hail Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50 KM
55
Legend 1-10 jobs 10-30 jobs 30-40 jobs 40-50 jobs 50-66 jobs
Transit Only
20
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Big Data Visualization Where did Saudi females travel by E-hail Taxi? An empirical study based on actual taxi trip data in Riyadh
Female’s Taxi Commute Pattern
Commute Pattern in the Morning: from outskirts to city center
Femal Trips’ Density Grid size: 2km x 2km
5:00 am - 9:00 am, 2016 Aggregated Origins and Destinations
Supplemental work of M.C.P. Thesis @ MIT Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams; Reader: Jawaher Al-Sudairy With supports from Careem, Evidence of Policy Design at Harvard Kennedy School & MIT Civic Data Design Lab
The taxi trips pattern in the morning peak can be seen clearly from the visualization. Blue dots are concentrated mostly in the city center along King Fahd Road, origining from neighborhoods distributed all over the city built area, with noticeable large amount in the new developed neighborhoods in the northeast or southwest. Meanwhile, airport is always a busy hub for origin and destination trips by taxi.
Female passengers contribute to at least 65% of the total taxi trips, including those trips whose gender cannot be identified. Within the segment of identified records, female contributes to 82% of the total travels in 2016 in Riyadh. Although the taxi trips are only a very small portion of the commute demand in Riyadh, , the empirical statistic still supports the fact that, females in Riyadh relied more on taxi as a result of being banned from driving. The average cost 53 SR per trip is far beyond the affordability buffer estimated for different income level by all employment sectors (30% of monthly income by job sectors, roughly should be less than 36 SR per trip).
Cost (SR) Distance (km)
Duration (min)
Female Jobs 1 dot = 500 Saudi female commuters
9,746 14%
10 0
King Saud University
Popular Destinations
Femal Trips’ Average Cost Grid size: 2km x 2km
- Universities - Hospitals - Airport - Embassy District
30 20
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
14,584 21%
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
Popular Origins
Embassy Areas Al Safarat
King Saud University
- Shopping Malls - Hospitals - Airport - Universities
Air base
Al Safarat
As Sulay
Al-Faisal University
Air base
Rd Fahd
0
Total Taxi Trips <10 10-100 100-500 500-1,000 1,000-1,800
King Fahd Security College
King
10
Although most trips are origin from city center, there are several outskirt neighborhoods see large taxi demands.
Qurtubah
King Abdullah Financial District
Rd Fahd
16
King Abdullah Financial District
Summary
Al Falah
King Fahd Security College
King
17
20
Total Trips (thousand)
Value
31
30
Qurtubah
Al Munsiyah
d
34
40
Al Falah
The taxi trips pattern at night is apparently different from the morning peak’s. From the map, it is clear that OD locations are scattered, and city center sees a little more demand of origining trips. It is reasonable to suppose Al-Yamamah University that during the night hours females employ E-hail taxi to get back home from city center especially the amenities along King Fahd Road where they work, shop, or entertainment.
R Fahd
Affordable price: 36 SR per trip
40
female male unknown
Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University
LEGEND Taxi Pickup Locations Taxi Dropoff Locations
King Khalid International Airport
King
50
49
45,159 65%
50
Al Munsiyah
9:00 pm - 1:00 am, 2016 Aggregated Hourly Origins and Destinations
d
54
female male
Al-Yamamah University
R Fahd
Total Trips by Gender
Travel time and cost by gender 60
LEGEND Taxi Pickup Locations Taxi Dropoff Locations
King Khalid International Airport
King
65% Taxi trips were made by females in Riyadh
Commute Pattern at Night: from city center to neighborhoods in the periphery
As Sulay
Total Trips & Percentage
Trips Cost and Pick Up Hours in a Day As Suwaidi
300
Cost per Taxi Trip (SR)
400
As Suwaidi
Ad Dar Al Baida
Tuwaiq
Ash Shifa
200 100
36 0:00
4:00
8:00
12:00
16:00
Pick Up Hour During a Day
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
20:00
24:00
Females live in the outskirts have higher taxi cost per trip. Only those in red grid areas can afford E-hail taxi as a transportation means to commute.
Average Cost Per Taxi Trip <24 SR (<20% income) 24-36 SR (<30% income) 36- 60 SR <50% income) 60-120 SR (<100% income) >120 SR (>100% income)
Female Jobs 1 dot = 500 Saudi female commuters
N 0 1 2
5 KM
New Industrial Area
Al Hazm
to Al Moqbel Palaces
Summary
Dirab
Ash Shifa
PORTFOLIO OF WAISHAN QIU
Al Hazm
to Al Moqbel Palaces
N 0 1 2
22
Ad Dar Al Baida
Tuwaiq Al Iskan
5 KM
Al Iskan New Industrial Area
Dirab
23
Aggregated Female OD Flows
Aggregated Female OD Flows
5:00 am - 6:00 am
King Khalid International Airport
Morning commute hours in Riyadh start at 5:00 am. Only a small portion of residents live in the outskirt start at as early as 5:00 am. However, the International Airport is always busy even in the very early morning.
Aggregated Female OD Flows in Morning Hours
6:00 am - 7:00 am
Aggregated Female Taxi Trips Route in Morning Hours
5:00 am - 9:00 am
5:00 am - 9:00 am
King Khalid International Airport
Traffic becomes more busy from 6:00 am. The city center and universities starts to see lots of commuters.
Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City King Khalid International Airport
University
King Khalid International Airport
University
Al-Yamamah University
Al-Yamamah University
Al Munsiyah
Al Munsiyah
An Nasim Ash Sharqi
Embassy Areas
Al-Faisal University
As Suwaidi
King
King Abdullah Financial District
King Abdullah Financial District
2KM
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
d
Granada Center
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
R Fahd
New Industrial Area
d
1
R Fahd
N 0
2KM
King Fahd Security College
Princess Nourah University
Ad Dar Al Baida
Ash Shifa
Qurtubah
Al Falah
King
1
Qurtubah
Al Falah
Tuwaiq
As Suwaidi
N 0
hd Rd
hd Rd
a King F
a King F
Embassy Areas
Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University
King Fahd Security College
h Rd
bdulla
King A
Aggregated Female OD Flows
Aggregated Female OD Flows 8:00 am - 9:00 am
University
University
Granada Center
An Nasim Ash Sharqi
Al Mishal
Tuwaiq
2KM
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
Ash Shifa New Industrial Area
d
1
Ad Dar Al Baida
Al Iskan
Al Hazm
Al Iskan New Industrial Area
Al Hazm
to Al Moqbel Palaces
Tuwaiq Badr
N 0
Tuwaiq
Ad Dar Al Baida Ash Shifa
to Al Moqbel Palaces Tuwaiq
Al Mishal As Suwaidi
ahd R King F
Embassy Areas
As Sulay Al-Faisal University
As Suwaidi An Nasim Ash Sharqi
d ahd R King F
Embassy Areas
As Sulay
Granada Center
Embassy Areas Al Safarat
The width of roads represent the traffic loads hourly. The method is enable by Network Analysis tools in Python.
Al-Faisal University Dhahrat Laban
d
University
Embassy Areas Al Safarat
An Nasim Ash Sharqi Air base
R Fahd
University
University Hospital Shopping Mall Embassy Airport
d
Destination Hotspots
King Saud University
King Fahd Rd King Abdullah Rd Abdulrahman Al Ghafeqi St Northern Ring Rd Makkah Al Mukarramah Branch Rd
Air base
R Fahd
King Khalid International Airport
Traffic becomes the most busy in the city center, the embassy area, and the airport.
Summary of Busy Roads
An Nasim Ash Sharqi
King Saud University
Registered female user: 70% 69,850 valid trips in total Average cost: 53 SAR Average duration: 32 minutes
King
King Khalid International Airport
Traffic becomes very busy in the city center, universities, the embassy areas and the airport.
Summary of Data
King
7:00- 8:00 am
Badr N 0
1
2KM
Dirab N 0 1 2
Dirab
5 KM
N 0 1 2
24
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5 KM
25
Network Analysis & Urban Computing Is Ridesharing Feasible for Saudi Females in Riyadh? Share-ability Computing Based on the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Female’s Taxi Trip Data in Riyadh in 2016
Shareable Trips within the Morning Commute Segments Aggregated taxi trips from 5:00- 9:00 AM in 2016
Shareable trips within time window of 5 minutes
Supplemental work of M.C.P. Thesis @ MIT, Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams, Reader: Jawaher Al-Sudairy With support from Careem, Evidence of Policy Design at Harvard Kennedy School & MIT Civic Data Design Lab
Shareability Measures
Share-ability Diagram
only if: for passenger i, Tij - Ti < 5 minutes for passenger j, T1 +T2- Tj < 5 minutes then: Trip_i & Trip_j are share-able
Shareability Analysis in Riyadh | 28.5% Trips can be shared within a 5-minutes delay
This exemplary subset of the share-ability network corresponds to 50, 100, 500 and 3000 consecutive trips for values of Δ = 5 minutes. Each node is a trip. A connnection between 2 nodes means that the two trips are shareable. Isolated nodes are represented as self-loops. Node positions are randomly generated, not preserved across the networks.
Sample: 50 trips
Shareable trips: 12 Paired trips: 6 Distance saved: 48 km
Sample: 100 trips
Shareable trips: 28 Paired trips: 14 Distance saved: 109 km
Sample: 500 trips
Shareable trips: 126 Paired trips: 63 Distance saved: 490 km
Sample: 3000 trips
Shareable trips: 852 Paired trips: 426 Distance saved: 3300 km
Shareable Trips
Previous chapters established that ridesharing in Riyadh has the potential to increase females access to job markets by directly reducing the commute cost or by connecting passengers to new transit systems. As a result, it is necessary to investigate is ridesharing service feasible based on current trip patterns, road morphology and congestion conditions. This chapter employed a network computing method developed by MIT SENSEable city lab to examine the shareability in Riyadh based on 69,850 actual taxi trips data. Given a time window ΔT. When ΔT = 5 minutes, if trip_i and trip_j can be combined into to a route trip_ij that the total delay for both passengers i and j are less than 5 minutes, then trip i and j are considered shareable.
O_j Trip_i Ti
Trip_j Tj D_j
D_i
Ti: travel time of Trip_i Tj: travel time of Trip_j
O_i T1
After share
T2
Trip_ij T3 D_i DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
O_j
D_j
In Spatial Network
Before share
Best Match Trips
O_i
Tij: travel time of Trip_ij Tij= T1+T2+T3 26
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Urban Computing & Innovative Mobility Feasibility of Developing Autonomous Boats for Urban Use Cases in Amsterdam | Roboat Project
Research Assistant, professional work at MIT SENSEable City Lab PI: Professor Carlo Ratti, Professor Dennis Frenchman, Professor Fabio Duarte Role: I developed the urban analysis of feasibility for various urban use cases such as tourism, food, rubbish, etc. I also designed the interface connecting roboat to streets seamlessly.
ROBOAT ROBOAT
Amsterdam divided into a series of 500m x 500m cells with “communicating cells” in blue.
ROBOAT ROBOAT year 01 report year 01 report year 01 report year 01 report
The project explores the potential of deploying autonomous boats in Amsterdam, where more than 1,000 kilometers of canals are the formative structure of the city. Based on a 500 x 500 meter grid, we first assess the potential of linking the cells intersected by canals by using autonomous boats to transport residents, tourists, and workers. Travel times for multiple modes were calculated using GIS network analysis and the Google Distance Matrix web Top TopLeft: Left:Amsterdam Amsterdamdivided dividedinto intoa aseries seriesofof500m 500m Top TopRight: Right:The Theaverage averagedistance between betweenbridges bridges service. Second, we discuss the use of boats for freight transport, taking as example theblue. distribution ofdistance goods to x x500m 500mcells cellswith with“communicating “communicatingcells” cells”ininblue. inineach eachcell. cell. supermarkets and restaurants. In order to optimize delivery traffic, we determined the key points to implement Top Top Left: Left: Amsterdam Amsterdam divided divided into into a a series series of of 500m 500m Top Top Right: Right: The The average average distance distance between between bridges bridges Bottom BottomLeft: Left:Museum Museumdensity densitywith withthe thetypical typical Bottom BottomRight: Right:Supermarket Supermarketdensity, density,with withmarkers markers x tourist x500m 500m cells cells with with “communicating “communicating cells” cells”ininblue. blue. inat in each eachcell. cell. tourist canal canal boat boat route route highlighted. highlighted. at nodes nodes with withhigh highbetweeness betweenessvalues. values. intermediate hubs and charging points using network analysis. Third, we explore how autonomous boats could be Bottom BottomLeft: Left:Museum Museumdensity densitywith withthe thetypical typical Bottom BottomRight: Right:Supermarket Supermarketdensity, density,with withmarkers markers tourist touristcanal canal boat boatroute routehighlighted. highlighted. atatnodes nodeswith withhigh highbetweeness betweenessvalues. values. used in other municipal services, such as garbage collection, and mobile services.
The average distance between bridges in each cell.
Connecting Visitors
By public transportation, visitors in Amsterdam in average have to switch transportation mode for 1.1 times to get to main tourism attractions. There is demand that Roboat acts as E-hail water taxi to connect visitors from hotels to popular places.
2929
Museum density with the typical tourist canal boat route highlighted. DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
Supermarket density, with markers at nodes with high betweeness values.
2929
10
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Compare roboat’s potential mobility & accessibility with other alternative modes
Use cases
Mobility of roboat, walking, biking, transit and driving (estimate boat’s maximum speed at 10 km/hr)
Collecting Domestic Waste by Roboat and New Infrastructure
Domestic Waste Recycling
We used GIS network analysis and a script that leverages the Google Distance Matrix web service to evaluate in which situations and average speed autonomous boats could be used to transport people. We continue by assessing the use of boats to transport goods, using network analysis to determine the key points where to implement intermediate distribution hubs. Indeed, we argue that balancing transport efficiency with other co-benefits, such as reducing traffic and related pollutant emissions, autonomous boats has great potential to become part of Amsterdam’s transport portfolio, for both people and goods.
Construction Waste Recycling
E-hail Mooring
Travel times comparison between boats (orange) and transit (red). The color of the cell shows the best way to reach that location starting from the white cell. Speed of boats are supposed to be 10 km/ hour. The orange grids are more easier to get to with boat than by transit. Water Taxi and Mooring for Tourism Boats
Water Bus plus portable platform
E-hail Water Taxi
31 DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
12
PORTFOLIO OF WAISHAN QIU
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Mapping & Visualization Affordable Housing | 2018 MIT Center for Advanced Urbanism’s Biennale
Research Associate | Professional work at MIT LCAU, 2017.12 PI: Professor Adele Santos I was in charge of the animation and projection sector of the exhibition. Tasks include data mining, mapping, installation design, and animation making.
The themes for 2018 MIT Center for Advanced Urbanism (LCAU) is “AFFORDABLE HOUSING“ . The goal of the exhibition is to facilitate more attentions to the unequality developed housing situation worldwide. The equity is affected by several thematic maps on the topics of built environment influence, socioeconomics, demorgraphy, vulnerability, and housing and social equity are collected and visualized by ArcGIS.
Thematic Geographic Maps
Fuller Projection System to make models
Built environment - urban footprints - settlements - major cities
Socioeconomics - GDP - urban poverty - rural poverty
Demorgraphic - population density changes from 1990-2010
Vulnerability
- earthquake - floods - drinking water
Housing
- population live in slums - housing right - affodability
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
8
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Link: http://www.littoralgradient.com
Link: https://www.google.com/patents/CN105678657A?cl=en&hl=zh-CN
Online Mapping & Resilence Analysis Support System Developing The Littoral Gradient | Atlas of Coastline Reclamation and Urban Developments in China
Data Visualization & Land Assessment Redevelopment For Industrial Lands | Application For Assessing Potential Pollutions
Visualize Ocean Basin Topography and Currents
PI: Fadi Masoud, Prof. Brent Ryan; Contribution: sytlize the online mapping by Mapbox, the framework and UI/UX design of the whole website, drawings for case study in Incheon, Korea
PI: Prof. Yifan YU; Collaborate: Xuhui LIU, Shanlai SHAO; Contribution: the concept, prototype in Grasshopper, data visualization, co-author of the PATENT CN 105678657 A
The website is an online mapping platform and a case study archive for large scale reclamation projects along the coast line of China. The basemap was built by MAPBOX, and the case studies are marked by circles showing there location. While hover by mouse, the point would show projects names. While click, there is a floating page showed with contents for the case.
The invention discloses a re-development and assessment system for the industrial land. The system comprises the following operation flows of 1) starting a server; 2) searching the land; 3) adding the information of the industrial land; 4) auditing the information of the industrial land; 5) establishing a pollutant knowledge base; 6) logging in and logging out. According to the technical scheme of the invention, users can search the industrial land based on a global view, and can also search the cases of specific land plots.
Can be Rotate and Hover/ Click for Interaction
By Click Users Can Investigate Detailed Projects
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4. Manifesto: tangible and integrated interface for community meeting
Final Project for 11.333 Urban Design Seminar 2015 Advisor: Dr. Jota Samper; Collaborate: Hongru CAI; Contribution: the concept, diagrams and collages This project envision an data augmented approach for a community meeting for Sea Level Rise Adaptation Plan happens in Boston in the year of 2030. Data augmented approaches incorporate data aimed communication, design and feedback loop in the community meeting, to bridge the gap between policy makers, designers, and residences from the community. The fundamental question is to assert that, thanks the real time sensor data, urban environment today is actually as the carrier of data. Thus design process becomes the process of curating data. What Technology?
The goal of this approach is similar as what Prof. Eran Ben-Joseph described in 2001: The role of these tools in fostering communication and collaboration, along with pluralistic planning and design processes, is one of the most important benefits offered by this new technology. Information/Communication
1. The evolution of representation technologies in a community meeting Paper Documents
Maps and Drawings
Models and Projections
Next Comprehensive Interface
? Prototyping the Process paper documents
satellite maps
2. Social relationships in a meeting Designer solution Bottom Up Twitter
Social Media Facebook
Budget Sea Level Club Rise Human Yelp Oriented Process Community Training
da Use il y r ne ed s
Walk Dogs Catastrophe Pick up my child Education Big Data Flooding Migrant FAR Instagram Style
r oals to la ic g gu Re onom ec oci so
ect
Data Augmented Civic Participation A Fiction For Sea Level Rise Adaptation Plan 2030, Boston
projectors
next?
3. Prototype for the new approach Data
Real-world Problems
Collecting (smart sensing, crowdsourcing)
Awareness
Presenting (machine learning, augmented reality)
Understanding
Manipulation (virtual reality, multi-agent planning, TUI)
Intervention
The role of these tools in fostering communication and collaboration, along with pluralistic planning and design processes, is one of the most important benefits offered by this new MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018 andDATA share?
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5. Scenario: from crowd sourcing to tangible interface Scene1: 7:00 AM in Fenway Park, Data Crowdsourcing by Residence Exercising
Scene2: 7:00 PM in BRA, Planning Meeting, Presentation through AR
Scene3: 7:30 PM BRA, Re-zoning Proposal Conveyed through VR
Scene4: 7:45 PM in BRA, Re-zoning Proposal Delivered through AR
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
Scene5: 8:00 PM in BRA, Different Stakeholders Negotiate the Design, the FAR, and the Development Types via the Integrated Interface and Get Real-time Feedbacks
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Align alleys to the most frequent wind directions and take advantage of self-shading angles.
Self-Shading and Nature Ventilation Strategy A New Neighborhood for Cartagena, Colombia
Roof orientation & self-shading study
N
Natural Ventilation Strategy CFD Analysis | Flow Vector Value Range: 0.00-1.00 m/s Powered by Ecotect & Grasshopper
Building
Adviser: Prof. Adele Santos, Debora;
0
This workshop was a research collaboration with Mario Santo Domingo Foundation that has been examining urban resilience for low-income housing. The project were awarded an Acknowledgment prize in the Latin America section in 2017 LafargeHolcim Awards competition. Weaving together working and living spaces into a neighborhood, the project encourages community building, the livelihood of its inhabitants, and social interaction within an urban plan designed to maximize shading.
10 degree
45
90
135 145 degree
180
Self-shading typology study from local urban fabrics & existing social housing practice INFORMAL NEIGHBORHOOD SELF-SHADING RATE: 87.3% BUILT AREA RATE: 0.44 FLOOR AREA RATE: 0.92
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HISTORIC NEIGHBORHOOD SELF-SHADING RATE: 87.6% BUILT AREA RATE: 0.64 FLOOR AREA RATE: 1.92
CURRENT SOCIAL HOUSING SELF-SHADING RATE: 77.8% BUILT AREA RATE: 0.55 FLOOR AREA RATE: 1.15
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link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/sportspark
Data Driven Urban Design Resilient Linkages | Xujiahui Sports Park Regeneration
Award: 2016 Shanghai Urban Design Challenge, Professional Group, 3rd Prize Collaborate: Xun Liu (GSD), Muhan CUI(Sasaki), Echo(PennDesign), Liu LIU (MIT MCP 2014) Contribution: teamleader, regional and district scale space syntax analysis, 3d modeling, render Derived from Open Source Big Data analysis, the project arrives at a international perspective envisioning the best usage of the sports park.To interweave the functions for holding big events and daily usages of citizens, a multi-dimensional platform with reasonable plants, running lanes, bike lanes, multi-usage sports courts is proposed. 1. PROGRAMS ANALYSIS 1.0 METHODOLOGY
1.1 STADIUMS AS LANDMARKS
1.3 DAILY LIFE & STADIUMS
1.4 URBAN FORM & DAILY EXERCISE INTENSITY
1.5 CITY WIDE SPORTS PROGRAMS STUDY
1.6 PARSE SHANGHAI SPORTS DATA
1.2 PROGRAMS FOR STADIUMS
1.7 PARSE SHANGHAI GYMS DATA
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2. URBAN FORM AND NETWORK ANALYSIS 2.1 DEFINE RESEARCH SCOPE OF L, M, S
2.2 ROAD DENSITY & POPULATION FROM METRO
The scope of research has three scales, with the stadium as the anchor point, and with radius of 3KM, 2KM and 1KM. In the large scale, it proposes a network of pedestrian. In the median scale, it focuses on connecting metro stations with the site. In the smale scale, it deploys the flows to define zones for various functions.
The proposal also looks at the inner pathways in the super blocks surround the site. It simulates the shortest paths for pedestrian and runners within the super blocks, which is a reflection of the newly published policy of “Open the gated communities“.
2.3 LARGE SCALE NETWORK The width and color visualizes the frequency of paths occupied by citizens moving from neighborhoods, statios, parks to the site.
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
3. BIRDVIEW
2.3 SIMULATION OF PATHS IN DIFFERENT SCENERIOS The first column is the simulation of population flows from Metro station to the site. The second column simulates flows running from neighborhoods to the site. The third column simulates flows from surrounding parks to the site. The forth column simulates flows from waterfront and historic district to the site.
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AXON DIAGRAM
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
MASTERPLAN
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
RECREATION ENTRANCE
ELEVATED PLATFORM
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COMMERCIAL ENTRANCE
SPACE UNDER THE PLATFORM
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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/porousneighbourhood
Morphology & Phasing
A view from interior seeing productive community garden and housing morphology
Topography Data & Urban Morphology Porous Neighbourhood
2015/10-12, Solo studio work @MIT, Contribution: All Advisor: Prof. Adele Santos, Prof. Alan Berger, Fadi. What if the low land and existing waterbody are connected into a corridor to sustain the floods? What if the hydraulic infrastructures and sidewalks are embedded with the corridor? What if new urban development and neighborhoods are embedded with the corridor? Facing the urgent challenge of sea water level rising, Loxahatchee Groves is encountering a transition at which it needs more ecological, more hydro-graphical and more impact development. The site is relative low and surrounded by high impervious rate neighborhoods. It becomes a humid breeding ground for agriculture, aquaculture and neighborhoods. The nature of this land suggests a new mode of development to intervene urban fabric with hydrographic, wetland reserve, aquaculture and agriculture. Axon | Sea Level Rise Scenario
1. PROXIMITY OF HUMIDITY @ 100 FT
2. PROXIMITY OF HUMIDITY @ 300 FT
Elevated Path Along The Porous Corridor
3. EMERGING RUNOFF WATER STREAMS
MASteRPLAN
POROUS LANDSCAPE
N
0
LeGeNd
1
2Mile
4. WETLANDS ADJACENT TO THE STREAMS
5. FARMLANDS ADJACENT TO WETLANDS DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
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Porous Typology and Programs
Mixed Use
PILOT DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT
EMBED WATER SYSTEM
1.Collective Facilities 2. Water as Theme of Open Space 3. Aqua-culture 4. Mixed Use 5. Relatively Compact Development
Birdview
Water Storage
Local Community
Water Sports
Primary Road (Evacuation)
Wetland Park
High School & Play Ground Sports SOHO
EMBED FARMLAND
Water Single House
WATERTREATMENT CELL
Water Treatment
Cut-fill Effect Each Unit for A Single Family Lower FEMA Rate, Lower Value
Lake Park Plaza
HIGH LAND SETTLEMENT
Treatment Cell
Pilot Water District
EMBED WATER TREATMENT
Recreation Trail
High Value of Landscape As Compensation of Losing Parcels Certain Amounts Works as Hotels
Porous Corridor
Water Farming
WATERFRONT HOUSING
Wetland Living Block
EMBED WETLAND MARSHES
Multiple Platform Wetland as treatment Cut-fill Effect
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/minshengdock
VISUAL MANIFESTO
Minsheng Food Wharf
Yangpu Bridge
Productive and Resilient Waterfront: Regeneration of the Historict Food Dock
2016/05-06, Beijing Studio @MIT, Advisor: Prof.Dennis Frenchman, Dr.Jota, Prof.Jie ZHANG Contribution: Model, Masterplan, Renders Teammate: Pamela Bellavita, Grisha Enikolopov, Sera Tolgay, Nan Xie, Xiangya Xie The proposal envisions Minsheng Wharf as an anchor institution that will integrate the research, production, experience and culture of food. New ways of producing food, such as indoor hydroponic farming, allow for compact production in climate-controlled environments, with low water requirements and without pesticides. Operating at the water-energy-food nexus, our closed loop system will lower the footprint of food production and create jobs that draw from different disciplines and skills. By integrating agricultural and biotechnology research, indoor hydroponic farming and quality standards, culinary education and food incubators, Minsheng Food Wharf will help spur innovation throughout the production chain and invite visitors from surrounding neighborhoods, throughout Shanghai and beyond to have a complete food experience. Our proposed food production capacity will also serve the wider Shanghai area as a source of reliable and healthy produce that will be delivered via water transport.
Neighbourhood
Canal to Chongming
Ferry Entrance
No.14 Metro Line
Entrance
PROGRAMS RESEARCH
PRODUCTION
CONSUMPTION
Ferry
Ferry
Wetland Park Ferry
Ferry Headquaters
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to Lujiazui CBD
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FROM PRODUCTION TO CONSUMPTION
SECTIONAL AXON
DEMAND-DRIVEN PRODUCTION
COMMUTE WATERFRONT
COMMERCIAL WATERFRONT
RECREATION WATERFRONT
ECOLOGICAL WATERFRONT
SPRING
SUMMER
WINTER
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/rural-urbanism
Regional Network Analysis Productive Urban Rural Networks
2016/01, Studio work @MIT, with David, Zain, Sam and Luisa Contribution: Mapping, Shortestwalk analysis in Grasshopper, Network Diagram, Topography Analysis in Grasshopper Advisor: Prof. Adele Santos, Prof. Rafi
This project focuses on the rural-urban fringe development of a small town closed to Nanjing. The aim of the effort is to find alternative models of rural urbanization that support common prosperity and stability alongside sustainability and livability. To sustain population and increase opportunity, the key is whether there is a better way to enhance the mobility and environmental quality. The villagers should be able to get benefit from the balanced development of working and living.
CONCEPT
Branch Concept The branch strategy is unique as it emphasizes developing along The branch strategy unique as it emphasizes corridors. Its ratial and is linear structure enhance thedeveloping efficiency ofalong direct corridors. Its ratial and linear structure enhance efficientransportation, new clusters of settlements and newthe public services cy of direct transportation, clusters of settlements and meet would be dispersed along the new corridors. Nodes where corridors newwhere public service servicesexists wouldbecome be dispersed alongofthesignificant corridors.public and sequences Nodes where corridors meet and where service exists become spaces. sequences of significant public spaces.
Regional structure
Regional proposal of spatial structure and linkages are motivated by the existing distribution of the service facilities and the City-TownAdministrative Village structure. This kind of 3-tier hiarchi spatial structure ensure concentrated allocation of population, facilities and public services.
TOURISTIC BRANCH
RESIDENTIAL BRANCH
INDUSTRIAL BRANCH
TOURISM ZONE
ORCHARD ZONE
BLUE BERRY ZONE
ZHUJAIBIAN CENTER
PASTORAL ZONE
NEW SETTLEMENTS
BUDDHA MUSEUM
AGRICULTURE BRANCH
RESIDENTIAL BRANCH
ZHUJAIBIAN MUSEUM VILLAGE PRIMARY ZONE VILLAGE LINK CLUSTER
INSTITUTIONAL BRANCH TO BAIMA TOWN
MUSEUM CLUSTER AGRICULTURAL CLUSTER
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Agriculture buffers
Inbetween the six branches, the proposal plans to fill the landscape with either large corporative or small and private farmlands. These farmlands become the ecological buffer, contribute to the rural scenary and homestay tourism.
Population growth nodes
The population is expected to increase 1000 within the next 10 years. Nodes where service facilities are upgrated, newly implemented and the village center where branches interacts would be where new parcels for settlements are permitted.
Productive linkages
Six main roads passes through the Zhujiabian Village center. In the branch proposal, these six branches are supposed to bocome corridors for differentiated developments with residential/ touristic/ industrial/ agricultural and institutional functions.
MATERIALITY
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
THEMES
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RESIDENTIAL BRANCH
INSTITUTIONAL BRANCH
TOURISTIC BRANCH
INDUSTRIAL-AGRICULTURE BRANCH
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/akqa
Akqa Shanghai Office Renovation
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES
MEETING ROOM
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES
BRAINSTORM SPACE
ENTRANCE
RENOVATED PASSAGE
2015/06, Professional work @ ADOS Architects, Project Architect, Solo Work, Contribution: All Project Manager: Xavier (founder of ADOS)
A long passage with little functions seperates the office. This impenetrable passage kill the office which does not have plenty rooms. The space is currently dominated by working. Althouth there are three slots for rest and communications, it just does not work at all as different functions are isolated from each other. Seldom AKQA & NIKE visual identify materials are deployed. Lack of fresh color and visual elements. The plan is too massing, because it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t make good use of the space. More free but delicated zoning is needed.
SOUTHEAST AXON
AXON OF THE RECONSTRUCTION
SOUTHWEST AXON
WORKING SPACE
SECTIONAL AXON
DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018
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