Worksample of Waishan Qiu 2018

Urban Computing Computation Design

Research Interests

Data Morphosis

Spatial analysis, Data visualization, Computational urban design, Urban computing, Integrate digital tools to investigate human and space interaction;

M.C.P. in City Design & Development, DUSP, MIT, USA M.ARCH. Urban Design (with Distinction), UCL, UK B.E. Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

www.qiuwaishan.com

Selected Works 2008-2018

Waishan Qiu

Spatial Data Analysis Heatmap of Dockless Bikeshare Users based on GPS Data from Ofo Bike’s Operation in 4 Cities in the Greater Boston Area Professional work at Ofo Bike US Title: Geospatial analytics, deployment planner

ofo Bike is the largest dockless bike sharing program in the world now. I have been their spatial analytics and campus ambassador since 2017.05 and the cooperation relationship would continue throughout my researches. I have analyzed their operational spatial data for the city of Worcester, Malden, Revere and Chelsea.

Those cities see quite different rider behaviors, largely due to the urban form, the landuse, the economic and tourism attractions. Revere, as a tourism attraction, obviously see more weekend users, while Malden, a working-living city, see much more daily rides in the weekdays.

Malden, MA, Oct-Nov 2017 Total trips: 5,663; Total users: 1459; Trips per day: 170; Daily trips Weekday/ Weekend Ratio: 0.87

Chelsea, MA, Oct-Nov 2017 Total trips: 4,316; Total users: 674; Trips per day: 79; Daily trips Weekday/ Weekend Ratio: 1.24 DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

Revere, MA, Oct-Nov 2017 Total trips: 9,213; Total users: 1815; Trips per day: 167; Daily trips Weekday/ Weekend Ratio: 0.94

Worcester, MA, Sep-Nov 2017 Total trips: 8,018; Total users: 1,141; Trips per day: 103; Weekday/ Weekend Daily rides ratio: 0.85 6

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Link: https://dusp.mit.edu/cdd/news/big-data-visualization-and-society-exhibition-opens

Big Data Visualization & Society Exhibition | Tweets Density of Prayer and Congestion Curator: Prof. Sarah Williams, Carlos Sandoval Olascoaga; Contribution: Coding, Data Analysis, Visualization, Graphic Design

Tweets data in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from Oct to Dec 2015 were scraped by the Twitter API and then were categorized to ‘Prayer‘ ‘Traffic‘ and other categories by identifying each tags, contents, and key words. Analysis of the data showed that conversation about traffic and prayer occur more than average and Twitter users do use social media to complain about the poor congestion issues.

1. WORKFLOW Tweets in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Filter: According to the Dictionary

Count:

By Hours

Average:

By Days Average Amount in 24 Hours

2. ALL TWEETS DENSITY

3. WORKING PROCESS

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

14

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15

Link: http://qiuwaishan.github.io/RiyadhGo/

Big Data Visualization & Urban Issues Riyadh Go | Measure the Commute Cost by Ridesharing in Riyadh Final Project for 11.947 Big Data Visualization & Society Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams, TA: Carlos Sandoval Olascoaga, Mike Forster; Collaborate: Xu ZHANG; Contribution: Python NetworkX caculation, HTML interaction, Prototype

Riyadh GO is a comprehensive visualization of your real-world travelling cost in terms of Money and Time from Riyadh hotspots. You can easily explore how far can you travel by Uber within 30 minutes and 50 SAD (local currency). Special thanks to technical supports from Civic Data Design Lab, especially Prof. Sarah Williams, TA Carlos and Mike. Without them, the website and service cannot be fully realized.

1. Data source Foursquare checkin data of riyadh are visualized as node size and heat gradient to define the hotspots. Riyadh transportation od analysis data and congession simulation data from mit humnet lab are deployed to visualize the real time cost. Uber cost estimate algorithm is deployed to assess the comprehensive real-world cost of money, which is a combination of time and distance.

2. Uber cost estimation

3. Incremental distance and time caculation by python

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

Market

Airport

Bar

Normal Display

Zoomed in Map

Dragged Map

4. Final interface in the exhibit

16

Phone Shop

Phone Shop

Phone Shop

Cost of Money Area

Cost of Time Area

Cost of Distance Area

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Urban Computing & Geospatial Analysis Measuring the Realistic Commute Cost for Saudi Females in Riyadh and Its Impact on Employment

Spatial Mismatch of Saudi Females and Their Jobs

M.C.P. Thesis @ MIT, Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams, Reader: Jawaher Al-Sudairy With supports from Evidence of Policy Design (EPoD) at Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) & MIT Civic Data Design Lab

Abstract: Ridesharing has the potential to provide greater access to employment for women in Riyadh. This research

will develop methods to understand the realistic commute cost (measure by SR) of using these systems compared with other transit options for different female job sectors. The results show that while ridesharing could benefit the most population for women’s employment in retail and education, it will also increase female access to manufacturing sector dramatically from as little as 1.70% to 39.76%. The research will also look at the feasibility of developing ridesharing programs based on current analysis of trips from the taxi trips data.

By Street-hail Taxi

By E-hail Taxi (Careem)

By E-hail Taxi (Uberx)

By Car Pooling (Kasper)

to Manufacturing Sector Affordability Buffer

<10% income, < $ 8.25 per trip <20% income, < $ 16.50 per trip

Research Outline

<30% income, < $ 24.75 per trip

Hypothesis

1. Driving ban on saudi females 2. The low employment rate in Saudi female population (22%)

Commute cost is the barrier for saudi female to access jobs

Ridesharing companies claim that majority of their customers are Saudi females

Ridesharing reduces economic cost; The operation of these services for female is feasible

Methods

Findings

Accessibility and economic opportunities

Accessibility measures and data source -Google Maps API - Share-ability Algorithm

Economic cost of commute is relevant to the high unemployment rate for Saudi females in Riyadh

Share-ability measurement and data source -Network computing

Current trips are share-able; There are benefits for reducing traffic congestion

-Notion and interpretation -Measurement

Shareability and its benefits -Definition and emerging trend -Measurement

Accessibility and Its Measures Accessibility’s Definition The potential for reaching spatially distributed opportunities for employment, recreation, social interaction, etc.

Literature

Accessibility Components

Cost of Travel (time and money) Opportunities (quality and quantity)

Gravity-Based Measurement Estimates the accessibility of opportunities in zone i to all other zones (n). Smaller and/ or more distant opportunities provide diminishing influences.

The measure assumes a negative exponential cost function:

zone 1 D1

zone 2 D2

zone 3 D3

Cij1 zone 4 D4

zone 6 D6

zone i Cij9

Ai: is a measure of accessibility in zone i to all opportunities D in zone j, Dj: degree of all opportunities in zone j cij: the costs of travel between i and j β: the cost sensitivity parameter.

zone 7 D7

<40% income, < $ 33.00 per trip

Saudi Female Job Sectors

zone 8 D8

zone 9 D9

to Education Sector Affordability Buffer

<10% income, < $ 11.25 per trip <20% income, < $ 22.50 per trip <30% income, < $ 33.75 per trip <40% income, < $ 45.00 per trip

Female’s Access to the Planned Transit System

27% of Saudi women in Riyadh are employed in Education 14% the retail sector, while Healthcare 4% 22% are employed Others 24% in the construction Manufacturing 9% sector. Education and Construction 22% manufacturing are the next largest employers of Retail 27% women, accounting for 14% and 9% of the workforce respectively.

to Healthcare Sector Affordability Buffer

<10% income, < $ 9.00 per trip <20% income, < $ 18.00 per trip <30% income, < $ 27.00 per trip <40% income, < $ 36.00 per trip

Vulnerable to Commute Cost Percentage of the population

Phenomenon

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

Affordability of Different Commute Options to Saudi Female Job Sectors

100 90

77%

80 70 60

50%

50

There is a heavy concentration in the SR 3,000 income bracket, which is the minimum wage for Saudis. Suppose a maximum 30% of the income goes to commute, the affordable cost per trip is around 22.5 SR.

to Retail Sector

Affordability Buffer <10% income, < $ 8.25 per trip

40 30

male female

20 10 0 1500

3000

4500

6000

8000

12000 17500 25000 SR

<20% income, < $ 16.50 per trip

52% of Women in Riyadh Will Live Beyond 5-minutes Walking Distance toTransit Stations

<30% income, < $ 24.75 per trip <40% income, < $ 33.00 per trip

Concentration of Salaries in Riyadh

18

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Total Females Jobs Can be Reached Within 30% of Monthly IncomeTotal AsFemale Commute Cost Jobs Can Be Reached Within the Cost Buffer

70 70

Summary of Accessibility Measured by Money Only

Accessibility Measured by Money Cost Only

Only take into account money cost, (1) Ridesharing + Transit, (2) Ridesharing, and (3) Online Hail Taxi are the most affordable commute options for females in Riyadh.

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

by Street Hail Taxi

by Only Hail Taxi

by Ridesharing

by Planned Transit System

by Planned Transit System + Ridesharing

0.36 million, 24%

1.19 million, 81%

1.45 million, 99%

1.25 million females, 85%

1.47 million, 100%

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Accessibility to Female Employments By Different Transportation Option (Cumulative Mode) (Only Money Cost is Considered for the Commute Cost Buffer, Accessibility to Female Employments Measured

by Money Cost Employment sectors= education, healthcare, retail, and manufacture)

60 60

Street Hail Online Hail

50

50

Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit

40 40

Transit Only

30 30

20 20

10

10

0

0

0

5

5

10

10

15

15

Street Hail

20

20

25

25

30

30

Distance to City Center (KM)

Distance to City Center Online Hail Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit

35

35

40

40

45

50 KM

45

50

55

Transit Only

Summary of Accessibility Measured by Money + Time

Legend 1-10 jobs 10-30 jobs 30-40 jobs 40-50 jobs 50-66 jobs

Accessibility Measured by Money + Time

When both time and money cost are considered, situation changes. (1) Online Hail Taxi, (2) Street Hail Taxi, and (3) Ridesharing are the most affordable commute options for females in Riyadh.

by Street Hail Taxi

by Only Hail Taxi

by Ridesharing

by Planned Transit System

by Planned Transit System + Ridesharing

0.73 million, 49%

1.30 million, 88%

0.38 million, 26%

0.70million, 47%

0.71 million, 48%

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Female population has access to more than 30 female job markets:

Accessibility to Female Employments By Different Transportation Option (Cumulative Mode)

70

Total Females Jobs Can be Reached Within 30% of Monthly Income Aswithin Commute Total Female Jobs Can Be Reached the Cost BufferCost

70

(Cost= Money Cost + Time*Sensitivity, Accessibility to Female Employments Measured by Time and Transfer delay = 10 minutes per transfer, sensitivity = 1.8 SAR per minute, Money Cost (1Employment minutesectors= = 1.8education, SR) healthcare, retail, and

1. Cost= Money Cost + Time*Sensitivity 2. Sensitivity = 1.8 SR per minute 2. Transfer delay = 10 min per transfer switch 3. Ridesharing delay = 10 min

60

60

50

50

Street Hail Online Hail

40

40

Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit

30 30

Transit Only

20

20

10

10 0

R² = 0.7888 0

0

5

5

10

10

15

15

Street Hail

20

20

25

25

30

30

Distance to City Center (KM)

Distance to City Center Online Hail Ridesharing Ridesharing+Transit

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

35

35

40

40

45

45

50

50 KM

55

Legend 1-10 jobs 10-30 jobs 30-40 jobs 40-50 jobs 50-66 jobs

Transit Only

20

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Big Data Visualization Where did Saudi females travel by E-hail Taxi? An empirical study based on actual taxi trip data in Riyadh

Female’s Taxi Commute Pattern

Commute Pattern in the Morning: from outskirts to city center

Femal Trips’ Density Grid size: 2km x 2km

5:00 am - 9:00 am, 2016 Aggregated Origins and Destinations

Supplemental work of M.C.P. Thesis @ MIT Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams; Reader: Jawaher Al-Sudairy With supports from Careem, Evidence of Policy Design at Harvard Kennedy School & MIT Civic Data Design Lab

The taxi trips pattern in the morning peak can be seen clearly from the visualization. Blue dots are concentrated mostly in the city center along King Fahd Road, origining from neighborhoods distributed all over the city built area, with noticeable large amount in the new developed neighborhoods in the northeast or southwest. Meanwhile, airport is always a busy hub for origin and destination trips by taxi.

Female passengers contribute to at least 65% of the total taxi trips, including those trips whose gender cannot be identified. Within the segment of identified records, female contributes to 82% of the total travels in 2016 in Riyadh. Although the taxi trips are only a very small portion of the commute demand in Riyadh, , the empirical statistic still supports the fact that, females in Riyadh relied more on taxi as a result of being banned from driving. The average cost 53 SR per trip is far beyond the affordability buffer estimated for different income level by all employment sectors (30% of monthly income by job sectors, roughly should be less than 36 SR per trip).

Cost (SR) Distance (km)

Duration (min)

Female Jobs 1 dot = 500 Saudi female commuters

9,746 14%

10 0

King Saud University

Popular Destinations

Femal Trips’ Average Cost Grid size: 2km x 2km

- Universities - Hospitals - Airport - Embassy District

30 20

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

14,584 21%

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

Popular Origins

Embassy Areas Al Safarat

King Saud University

- Shopping Malls - Hospitals - Airport - Universities

Air base

Al Safarat

As Sulay

Al-Faisal University

Air base

Rd Fahd

0

Total Taxi Trips <10 10-100 100-500 500-1,000 1,000-1,800

King Fahd Security College

King

10

Although most trips are origin from city center, there are several outskirt neighborhoods see large taxi demands.

Qurtubah

King Abdullah Financial District

Rd Fahd

16

King Abdullah Financial District

Summary

Al Falah

King Fahd Security College

King

17

20

Total Trips (thousand)

Value

31

30

Qurtubah

Al Munsiyah

d

34

40

Al Falah

The taxi trips pattern at night is apparently different from the morning peak’s. From the map, it is clear that OD locations are scattered, and city center sees a little more demand of origining trips. It is reasonable to suppose Al-Yamamah University that during the night hours females employ E-hail taxi to get back home from city center especially the amenities along King Fahd Road where they work, shop, or entertainment.

R Fahd

Affordable price: 36 SR per trip

40

female male unknown

Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University

LEGEND Taxi Pickup Locations Taxi Dropoff Locations

King Khalid International Airport

King

50

49

45,159 65%

50

Al Munsiyah

9:00 pm - 1:00 am, 2016 Aggregated Hourly Origins and Destinations

d

54

female male

Al-Yamamah University

R Fahd

Total Trips by Gender

Travel time and cost by gender 60

LEGEND Taxi Pickup Locations Taxi Dropoff Locations

King Khalid International Airport

King

65% Taxi trips were made by females in Riyadh

Commute Pattern at Night: from city center to neighborhoods in the periphery

As Sulay

Total Trips & Percentage

Trips Cost and Pick Up Hours in a Day As Suwaidi

300

Cost per Taxi Trip (SR)

400

As Suwaidi

Ad Dar Al Baida

Tuwaiq

Ash Shifa

200 100

36 0:00

4:00

8:00

12:00

16:00

Pick Up Hour During a Day

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

20:00

24:00

Females live in the outskirts have higher taxi cost per trip. Only those in red grid areas can afford E-hail taxi as a transportation means to commute.

Average Cost Per Taxi Trip <24 SR (<20% income) 24-36 SR (<30% income) 36- 60 SR <50% income) 60-120 SR (<100% income) >120 SR (>100% income)

Female Jobs 1 dot = 500 Saudi female commuters

N 0 1 2

5 KM

New Industrial Area

Al Hazm

to Al Moqbel Palaces

Summary

Dirab

Ash Shifa

PORTFOLIO OF WAISHAN QIU

Al Hazm

to Al Moqbel Palaces

N 0 1 2

22

Ad Dar Al Baida

Tuwaiq Al Iskan

5 KM

Al Iskan New Industrial Area

Dirab

23

Aggregated Female OD Flows

Aggregated Female OD Flows

5:00 am - 6:00 am

King Khalid International Airport

Morning commute hours in Riyadh start at 5:00 am. Only a small portion of residents live in the outskirt start at as early as 5:00 am. However, the International Airport is always busy even in the very early morning.

Aggregated Female OD Flows in Morning Hours

6:00 am - 7:00 am

Aggregated Female Taxi Trips Route in Morning Hours

5:00 am - 9:00 am

5:00 am - 9:00 am

King Khalid International Airport

Traffic becomes more busy from 6:00 am.

The city center and universities starts to see lots of commuters.

Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City King Khalid International Airport

University

King Khalid International Airport

University

Al-Yamamah University

Al-Yamamah University

Al Munsiyah

Al Munsiyah

An Nasim Ash Sharqi

Embassy Areas

Al-Faisal University

As Suwaidi

King

King Abdullah Financial District

King Abdullah Financial District

2KM

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

d

Granada Center

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

R Fahd

New Industrial Area

d

1

R Fahd

N 0

2KM

King Fahd Security College

Princess Nourah University

Ad Dar Al Baida

Ash Shifa

Qurtubah

Al Falah

King

1

Qurtubah

Al Falah

Tuwaiq

As Suwaidi

N 0

hd Rd

hd Rd

a King F

a King F

Embassy Areas

Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University

King Fahd Security College

h Rd

bdulla

King A

Aggregated Female OD Flows

Aggregated Female OD Flows 8:00 am - 9:00 am

University

University

Granada Center

An Nasim Ash Sharqi

Al Mishal

Tuwaiq

2KM

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

Ash Shifa New Industrial Area

d

1

Ad Dar Al Baida

Al Iskan

Al Hazm

Al Iskan New Industrial Area

Al Hazm

to Al Moqbel Palaces

Tuwaiq Badr

N 0

Tuwaiq

Ad Dar Al Baida Ash Shifa

to Al Moqbel Palaces Tuwaiq

Al Mishal As Suwaidi

ahd R King F

Embassy Areas

As Sulay Al-Faisal University

As Suwaidi An Nasim Ash Sharqi

d ahd R King F

Embassy Areas

As Sulay

Granada Center

Embassy Areas Al Safarat

The width of roads represent the traffic loads hourly. The method is enable by Network Analysis tools in Python.

Al-Faisal University Dhahrat Laban

d

University

Embassy Areas Al Safarat

An Nasim Ash Sharqi Air base

R Fahd

University

University Hospital Shopping Mall Embassy Airport

d

Destination Hotspots

King Saud University

King Fahd Rd King Abdullah Rd Abdulrahman Al Ghafeqi St Northern Ring Rd Makkah Al Mukarramah Branch Rd

Air base

R Fahd

King Khalid International Airport

Traffic becomes the most busy in the city center, the embassy area, and the airport.

Summary of Busy Roads

An Nasim Ash Sharqi

King Saud University

Registered female user: 70% 69,850 valid trips in total Average cost: 53 SAR Average duration: 32 minutes

King

King Khalid International Airport

Traffic becomes very busy in the city center, universities, the embassy areas and the airport.

Summary of Data

King

7:00- 8:00 am

Badr N 0

1

2KM

Dirab N 0 1 2

Dirab

5 KM

N 0 1 2

24

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5 KM

25

Network Analysis & Urban Computing Is Ridesharing Feasible for Saudi Females in Riyadh? Share-ability Computing Based on the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Female’s Taxi Trip Data in Riyadh in 2016

Shareable Trips within the Morning Commute Segments Aggregated taxi trips from 5:00- 9:00 AM in 2016

Shareable trips within time window of 5 minutes

Supplemental work of M.C.P. Thesis @ MIT, Advisor: Prof. Sarah Williams, Reader: Jawaher Al-Sudairy With support from Careem, Evidence of Policy Design at Harvard Kennedy School & MIT Civic Data Design Lab

Shareability Measures

Share-ability Diagram

only if: for passenger i, Tij - Ti < 5 minutes for passenger j, T1 +T2- Tj < 5 minutes then: Trip_i & Trip_j are share-able

Shareability Analysis in Riyadh | 28.5% Trips can be shared within a 5-minutes delay

This exemplary subset of the share-ability network corresponds to 50, 100, 500 and 3000 consecutive trips for values of Δ = 5 minutes. Each node is a trip. A connnection between 2 nodes means that the two trips are shareable. Isolated nodes are represented as self-loops. Node positions are randomly generated, not preserved across the networks.

Sample: 50 trips

Shareable trips: 12 Paired trips: 6 Distance saved: 48 km

Sample: 100 trips

Shareable trips: 28 Paired trips: 14 Distance saved: 109 km

Sample: 500 trips

Shareable trips: 126 Paired trips: 63 Distance saved: 490 km

Sample: 3000 trips

Shareable trips: 852 Paired trips: 426 Distance saved: 3300 km

Shareable Trips

Previous chapters established that ridesharing in Riyadh has the potential to increase females access to job markets by directly reducing the commute cost or by connecting passengers to new transit systems. As a result, it is necessary to investigate is ridesharing service feasible based on current trip patterns, road morphology and congestion conditions. This chapter employed a network computing method developed by MIT SENSEable city lab to examine the shareability in Riyadh based on 69,850 actual taxi trips data. Given a time window ΔT. When ΔT = 5 minutes, if trip_i and trip_j can be combined into to a route trip_ij that the total delay for both passengers i and j are less than 5 minutes, then trip i and j are considered shareable.

O_j Trip_i Ti

Trip_j Tj D_j

D_i

Ti: travel time of Trip_i Tj: travel time of Trip_j

O_i T1

After share

T2

Trip_ij T3 D_i DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

O_j

D_j

In Spatial Network

Before share

Best Match Trips

O_i

Tij: travel time of Trip_ij Tij= T1+T2+T3 26

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Urban Computing & Innovative Mobility Feasibility of Developing Autonomous Boats for Urban Use Cases in Amsterdam | Roboat Project

Research Assistant, professional work at MIT SENSEable City Lab PI: Professor Carlo Ratti, Professor Dennis Frenchman, Professor Fabio Duarte Role: I developed the urban analysis of feasibility for various urban use cases such as tourism, food, rubbish, etc. I also designed the interface connecting roboat to streets seamlessly.

ROBOAT ROBOAT

Amsterdam divided into a series of 500m x 500m cells with “communicating cells” in blue.

ROBOAT ROBOAT year 01 report year 01 report year 01 report year 01 report

The project explores the potential of deploying autonomous boats in Amsterdam, where more than 1,000 kilometers of canals are the formative structure of the city. Based on a 500 x 500 meter grid, we first assess the potential of linking the cells intersected by canals by using autonomous boats to transport residents, tourists, and workers.

Travel times for multiple modes were calculated using GIS network analysis and the Google Distance Matrix web Top TopLeft: Left:Amsterdam Amsterdamdivided dividedinto intoa aseries seriesofof500m 500m Top TopRight: Right:The Theaverage averagedistance between betweenbridges bridges service. Second, we discuss the use of boats for freight transport, taking as example theblue. distribution ofdistance goods to x x500m 500mcells cellswith with“communicating “communicatingcells” cells”ininblue. inineach eachcell. cell. supermarkets and restaurants. In order to optimize delivery traffic, we determined the key points to implement Top Top Left: Left: Amsterdam Amsterdam divided divided into into a a series series of of 500m 500m Top Top Right: Right: The The average average distance distance between between bridges bridges Bottom BottomLeft: Left:Museum Museumdensity densitywith withthe thetypical typical Bottom BottomRight: Right:Supermarket Supermarketdensity, density,with withmarkers markers x tourist x500m 500m cells cells with with “communicating “communicating cells” cells”ininblue. blue. inat in each eachcell. cell. tourist canal canal boat boat route route highlighted. highlighted. at nodes nodes with withhigh highbetweeness betweenessvalues. values. intermediate hubs and charging points using network analysis. Third, we explore how autonomous boats could be Bottom BottomLeft: Left:Museum Museumdensity densitywith withthe thetypical typical Bottom BottomRight: Right:Supermarket Supermarketdensity, density,with withmarkers markers tourist touristcanal canal boat boatroute routehighlighted. highlighted. atatnodes nodeswith withhigh highbetweeness betweenessvalues. values. used in other municipal services, such as garbage collection, and mobile services.

The average distance between bridges in each cell.

Connecting Visitors

By public transportation, visitors in Amsterdam in average have to switch transportation mode for 1.1 times to get to main tourism attractions. There is demand that Roboat acts as E-hail water taxi to connect visitors from hotels to popular places.

2929

Museum density with the typical tourist canal boat route highlighted.

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

Supermarket density, with markers at nodes with high betweeness values.

2929

10

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Compare roboat’s potential mobility & accessibility with other alternative modes

Use cases

Mobility of roboat, walking, biking, transit and driving (estimate boat’s maximum speed at 10 km/hr)

Collecting Domestic Waste by Roboat and New Infrastructure

Domestic Waste Recycling

We used GIS network analysis and a script that leverages the Google Distance Matrix web service to evaluate in which situations and average speed autonomous boats could be used to transport people. We continue by assessing the use of boats to transport goods, using network analysis to determine the key points where to implement intermediate distribution hubs. Indeed, we argue that balancing transport efficiency with other co-benefits, such as reducing traffic and related pollutant emissions, autonomous boats has great potential to become part of Amsterdam’s transport portfolio, for both people and goods.

Construction Waste Recycling

E-hail Mooring

Travel times comparison between boats (orange) and transit (red). The color of the cell shows the best way to reach that location starting from the white cell. Speed of boats are supposed to be 10 km/ hour. The orange grids are more easier to get to with boat than by transit.

Water Taxi and Mooring for Tourism Boats

Water Bus plus portable platform

E-hail Water Taxi

31 DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

12

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Mapping & Visualization Affordable Housing | 2018 MIT Center for Advanced Urbanism’s Biennale

Research Associate | Professional work at MIT LCAU, 2017.12 PI: Professor Adele Santos I was in charge of the animation and projection sector of the exhibition. Tasks include data mining, mapping, installation design, and animation making.

The themes for 2018 MIT Center for Advanced Urbanism (LCAU) is “AFFORDABLE HOUSING“ . The goal of the exhibition is to facilitate more attentions to the unequality developed housing situation worldwide. The equity is affected by several thematic maps on the topics of built environment influence, socioeconomics, demorgraphy, vulnerability, and housing and social equity are collected and visualized by ArcGIS.

Thematic Geographic Maps

Fuller Projection System to make models

Built environment - urban footprints - settlements - major cities

Socioeconomics - GDP - urban poverty - rural poverty

Demorgraphic - population density changes from 1990-2010

Vulnerability

- earthquake - floods - drinking water

Housing

- population live in slums - housing right - affodability

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

8

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Link: http://www.littoralgradient.com

Link: https://www.google.com/patents/CN105678657A?cl=en&hl=zh-CN

Online Mapping & Resilence Analysis Support System Developing The Littoral Gradient | Atlas of Coastline Reclamation and Urban Developments in China

Data Visualization & Land Assessment Redevelopment For Industrial Lands | Application For Assessing Potential Pollutions

Visualize Ocean Basin Topography and Currents

PI: Fadi Masoud, Prof. Brent Ryan; Contribution: sytlize the online mapping by Mapbox, the framework and UI/UX design of the whole website, drawings for case study in Incheon, Korea

PI: Prof. Yifan YU; Collaborate: Xuhui LIU, Shanlai SHAO; Contribution: the concept, prototype in Grasshopper, data visualization, co-author of the PATENT CN 105678657 A

The website is an online mapping platform and a case study archive for large scale reclamation projects along the coast line of China. The basemap was built by MAPBOX, and the case studies are marked by circles showing there location. While hover by mouse, the point would show projects names. While click, there is a floating page showed with contents for the case.

The invention discloses a re-development and assessment system for the industrial land. The system comprises the following operation flows of 1) starting a server; 2) searching the land; 3) adding the information of the industrial land; 4) auditing the information of the industrial land; 5) establishing a pollutant knowledge base; 6) logging in and logging out.

According to the technical scheme of the invention, users can search the industrial land based on a global view, and can also search the cases of specific land plots.

Can be Rotate and Hover/ Click for Interaction

By Click Users Can Investigate Detailed Projects

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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4. Manifesto: tangible and integrated interface for community meeting

Final Project for 11.333 Urban Design Seminar 2015 Advisor: Dr. Jota Samper; Collaborate: Hongru CAI; Contribution: the concept, diagrams and collages This project envision an data augmented approach for a community meeting for Sea Level Rise Adaptation Plan happens in Boston in the year of 2030. Data augmented approaches incorporate data aimed communication, design and feedback loop in the community meeting, to bridge the gap between policy makers, designers, and residences from the community. The fundamental question is to assert that, thanks the real time sensor data, urban environment today is actually as the carrier of data. Thus design process becomes the process of curating data.

What Technology?

The goal of this approach is similar as what Prof. Eran Ben-Joseph described in 2001: The role of these tools in fostering communication and collaboration, along with pluralistic planning and design processes, is one of the most important benefits offered by this new technology.

Information/Communication

1. The evolution of representation technologies in a community meeting Paper Documents

Maps and Drawings

Models and Projections

Next Comprehensive Interface

?

Prototyping the Process paper documents

satellite maps

2. Social relationships in a meeting Designer solution Bottom Up Twitter

Social Media Facebook

Budget Sea Level Club Rise Human Yelp Oriented Process Community Training

da Use il y r ne ed s

Walk Dogs Catastrophe Pick up my child Education Big Data Flooding Migrant FAR Instagram Style

r oals to la ic g gu Re onom ec oci so

ect

Data Augmented Civic Participation A Fiction For Sea Level Rise Adaptation Plan 2030, Boston

projectors

next?

3. Prototype for the new approach Data

Real-world Problems

Collecting (smart sensing, crowdsourcing)

Awareness

Presenting (machine learning, augmented reality)

Understanding

Manipulation (virtual reality, multi-agent planning, TUI)

Intervention

The role of these tools in fostering communication and collaboration, along with pluralistic planning and design processes, is one of the most important benefits offered by this new MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018 andDATA share?

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5. Scenario: from crowd sourcing to tangible interface Scene1: 7:00 AM in Fenway Park, Data Crowdsourcing by Residence Exercising

Scene2: 7:00 PM in BRA, Planning Meeting, Presentation through AR

Scene3: 7:30 PM BRA, Re-zoning Proposal Conveyed through VR

Scene4: 7:45 PM in BRA, Re-zoning Proposal Delivered through AR

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

Scene5: 8:00 PM in BRA, Different Stakeholders Negotiate the Design, the FAR, and the Development Types via the Integrated Interface and Get Real-time Feedbacks

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Align alleys to the most frequent wind directions and take advantage of self-shading angles.

Self-Shading and Nature Ventilation Strategy A New Neighborhood for Cartagena, Colombia

Roof orientation & self-shading study

N

Natural Ventilation Strategy CFD Analysis | Flow Vector Value Range: 0.00-1.00 m/s Powered by Ecotect & Grasshopper

Building

Adviser: Prof. Adele Santos, Debora;

0

This workshop was a research collaboration with Mario Santo Domingo Foundation that has been examining urban resilience for low-income housing. The project were awarded an Acknowledgment prize in the Latin America section in 2017 LafargeHolcim Awards competition. Weaving together working and living spaces into a neighborhood, the project encourages community building, the livelihood of its inhabitants, and social interaction within an urban plan designed to maximize shading.

10 degree

45

90

135 145 degree

180

Self-shading typology study from local urban fabrics & existing social housing practice INFORMAL NEIGHBORHOOD SELF-SHADING RATE: 87.3% BUILT AREA RATE: 0.44 FLOOR AREA RATE: 0.92

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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HISTORIC NEIGHBORHOOD SELF-SHADING RATE: 87.6% BUILT AREA RATE: 0.64 FLOOR AREA RATE: 1.92

CURRENT SOCIAL HOUSING SELF-SHADING RATE: 77.8% BUILT AREA RATE: 0.55 FLOOR AREA RATE: 1.15

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link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/sportspark

Data Driven Urban Design Resilient Linkages | Xujiahui Sports Park Regeneration

Award: 2016 Shanghai Urban Design Challenge, Professional Group, 3rd Prize Collaborate: Xun Liu (GSD), Muhan CUI(Sasaki), Echo(PennDesign), Liu LIU (MIT MCP 2014) Contribution: teamleader, regional and district scale space syntax analysis, 3d modeling, render Derived from Open Source Big Data analysis, the project arrives at a international perspective envisioning the best usage of the sports park.To interweave the functions for holding big events and daily usages of citizens, a multi-dimensional platform with reasonable plants, running lanes, bike lanes, multi-usage sports courts is proposed.

1. PROGRAMS ANALYSIS 1.0 METHODOLOGY

1.1 STADIUMS AS LANDMARKS

1.3 DAILY LIFE & STADIUMS

1.4 URBAN FORM & DAILY EXERCISE INTENSITY

1.5 CITY WIDE SPORTS PROGRAMS STUDY

1.6 PARSE SHANGHAI SPORTS DATA

1.2 PROGRAMS FOR STADIUMS

1.7 PARSE SHANGHAI GYMS DATA

REGIONAL GREENWAY AXON DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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2. URBAN FORM AND NETWORK ANALYSIS 2.1 DEFINE RESEARCH SCOPE OF L, M, S

2.2 ROAD DENSITY & POPULATION FROM METRO

The scope of research has three scales, with the stadium as the anchor point, and with radius of 3KM, 2KM and 1KM. In the large scale, it proposes a network of pedestrian. In the median scale, it focuses on connecting metro stations with the site. In the smale scale, it deploys the flows to define zones for various functions.

The proposal also looks at the inner pathways in the super blocks surround the site. It simulates the shortest paths for pedestrian and runners within the super blocks, which is a reflection of the newly published policy of “Open the gated communities“.

2.3 LARGE SCALE NETWORK The width and color visualizes the frequency of paths occupied by citizens moving from neighborhoods, statios, parks to the site.

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

3. BIRDVIEW

2.3 SIMULATION OF PATHS IN DIFFERENT SCENERIOS The first column is the simulation of population flows from Metro station to the site.

The second column simulates flows running from neighborhoods to the site.

The third column simulates flows from surrounding parks to the site.

The forth column simulates flows from waterfront and historic district to the site.

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AXON DIAGRAM

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

MASTERPLAN

SECTION PERSPECTIVE

RECREATION ENTRANCE

ELEVATED PLATFORM

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COMMERCIAL ENTRANCE

SPACE UNDER THE PLATFORM

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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/porousneighbourhood

Morphology & Phasing

A view from interior seeing productive community garden and housing morphology

Topography Data & Urban Morphology Porous Neighbourhood

2015/10-12, Solo studio work @MIT, Contribution: All Advisor: Prof. Adele Santos, Prof. Alan Berger, Fadi.

What if the low land and existing waterbody are connected into a corridor to sustain the floods? What if the hydraulic infrastructures and sidewalks are embedded with the corridor? What if new urban development and neighborhoods are embedded with the corridor? Facing the urgent challenge of sea water level rising, Loxahatchee Groves is encountering a transition at which it needs more ecological, more hydro-graphical and more impact development. The site is relative low and surrounded by high impervious rate neighborhoods. It becomes a humid breeding ground for agriculture, aquaculture and neighborhoods. The nature of this land suggests a new mode of development to intervene urban fabric with hydrographic, wetland reserve, aquaculture and agriculture.

Axon | Sea Level Rise Scenario

1. PROXIMITY OF HUMIDITY @ 100 FT

2. PROXIMITY OF HUMIDITY @ 300 FT

Elevated Path Along The Porous Corridor

3. EMERGING RUNOFF WATER STREAMS

MASteRPLAN

POROUS LANDSCAPE

N

0

LeGeNd

1

2Mile

4. WETLANDS ADJACENT TO THE STREAMS

5. FARMLANDS ADJACENT TO WETLANDS DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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6. RESIDENTIAL & MIXED USE PUD DEVELOPMENT EMBEDED WITH WETLANDS AND FARMS 41

Porous Typology and Programs

Mixed Use

PILOT DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT

EMBED WATER SYSTEM

1.Collective Facilities 2. Water as Theme of Open Space 3. Aqua-culture 4. Mixed Use 5. Relatively Compact Development

Birdview

Water Storage

Local Community

Water Sports

Primary Road (Evacuation)

Wetland Park

High School & Play Ground Sports SOHO

EMBED FARMLAND

Water Single House

WATERTREATMENT CELL

Water Treatment

Cut-fill Effect Each Unit for A Single Family Lower FEMA Rate, Lower Value

Lake Park Plaza

HIGH LAND SETTLEMENT

Treatment Cell

Pilot Water District

EMBED WATER TREATMENT

Recreation Trail

High Value of Landscape As Compensation of Losing Parcels Certain Amounts Works as Hotels

Porous Corridor

Water Farming

WATERFRONT HOUSING

Wetland Living Block

EMBED WETLAND MARSHES

Multiple Platform Wetland as treatment Cut-fill Effect

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/minshengdock

VISUAL MANIFESTO

Minsheng Food Wharf

Yangpu Bridge

Productive and Resilient Waterfront: Regeneration of the Historict Food Dock

2016/05-06, Beijing Studio @MIT, Advisor: Prof.Dennis Frenchman, Dr.Jota, Prof.Jie ZHANG Contribution: Model, Masterplan, Renders Teammate: Pamela Bellavita, Grisha Enikolopov, Sera Tolgay, Nan Xie, Xiangya Xie The proposal envisions Minsheng Wharf as an anchor institution that will integrate the research, production, experience and culture of food. New ways of producing food, such as indoor hydroponic farming, allow for compact production in climate-controlled environments, with low water requirements and without pesticides. Operating at the water-energy-food nexus, our closed loop system will lower the footprint of food production and create jobs that draw from different disciplines and skills. By integrating agricultural and biotechnology research, indoor hydroponic farming and quality standards, culinary education and food incubators, Minsheng Food Wharf will help spur innovation throughout the production chain and invite visitors from surrounding neighborhoods, throughout Shanghai and beyond to have a complete food experience. Our proposed food production capacity will also serve the wider Shanghai area as a source of reliable and healthy produce that will be delivered via water transport.

Neighbourhood

Canal to Chongming

Ferry Entrance

No.14 Metro Line

Entrance

PROGRAMS RESEARCH

PRODUCTION

CONSUMPTION

Ferry

Ferry

Wetland Park Ferry

Ferry Headquaters

REGIONAL AXON DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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to Lujiazui CBD

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FROM PRODUCTION TO CONSUMPTION

SECTIONAL AXON

DEMAND-DRIVEN PRODUCTION

COMMUTE WATERFRONT

COMMERCIAL WATERFRONT

RECREATION WATERFRONT

ECOLOGICAL WATERFRONT

SPRING

SUMMER

WINTER

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/rural-urbanism

Regional Network Analysis Productive Urban Rural Networks

2016/01, Studio work @MIT, with David, Zain, Sam and Luisa Contribution: Mapping, Shortestwalk analysis in Grasshopper, Network Diagram, Topography Analysis in Grasshopper Advisor: Prof. Adele Santos, Prof. Rafi

This project focuses on the rural-urban fringe development of a small town closed to Nanjing. The aim of the effort is to find alternative models of rural urbanization that support common prosperity and stability alongside sustainability and livability. To sustain population and increase opportunity, the key is whether there is a better way to enhance the mobility and environmental quality. The villagers should be able to get benefit from the balanced development of working and living.

CONCEPT

Branch Concept The branch strategy is unique as it emphasizes developing along The branch strategy unique as it emphasizes corridors.

Its ratial and is linear structure enhance thedeveloping efficiency ofalong direct corridors. Its ratial and linear structure enhance efficientransportation, new clusters of settlements and newthe public services cy of direct transportation, clusters of settlements and meet would be dispersed along the new corridors.

Nodes where corridors newwhere public service servicesexists wouldbecome be dispersed alongofthesignificant corridors.public and sequences Nodes where corridors meet and where service exists become spaces. sequences of significant public spaces.

Regional structure

Regional proposal of spatial structure and linkages are motivated by the existing distribution of the service facilities and the City-TownAdministrative Village structure. This kind of 3-tier hiarchi spatial structure ensure concentrated allocation of population, facilities and public services.

TOURISTIC BRANCH

RESIDENTIAL BRANCH

INDUSTRIAL BRANCH

TOURISM ZONE

ORCHARD ZONE

BLUE BERRY ZONE

ZHUJAIBIAN CENTER

PASTORAL ZONE

NEW SETTLEMENTS

BUDDHA MUSEUM

AGRICULTURE BRANCH

RESIDENTIAL BRANCH

ZHUJAIBIAN MUSEUM VILLAGE PRIMARY ZONE VILLAGE LINK CLUSTER

INSTITUTIONAL BRANCH TO BAIMA TOWN

MUSEUM CLUSTER AGRICULTURAL CLUSTER

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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Agriculture buffers

Inbetween the six branches, the proposal plans to fill the landscape with either large corporative or small and private farmlands. These farmlands become the ecological buffer, contribute to the rural scenary and homestay tourism.

Population growth nodes

The population is expected to increase 1000 within the next 10 years. Nodes where service facilities are upgrated, newly implemented and the village center where branches interacts would be where new parcels for settlements are permitted.

Productive linkages

Six main roads passes through the Zhujiabian Village center. In the branch proposal, these six branches are supposed to bocome corridors for differentiated developments with residential/ touristic/ industrial/ agricultural and institutional functions.

MATERIALITY

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

THEMES

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RESIDENTIAL BRANCH

INSTITUTIONAL BRANCH

TOURISTIC BRANCH

INDUSTRIAL-AGRICULTURE BRANCH

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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Link: http://www.qiuwaishan.com/akqa

Akqa Shanghai Office Renovation

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES

MEETING ROOM

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES

BRAINSTORM SPACE

ENTRANCE

RENOVATED PASSAGE

2015/06, Professional work @ ADOS Architects, Project Architect, Solo Work, Contribution: All Project Manager: Xavier (founder of ADOS)

A long passage with little functions seperates the office. This impenetrable passage kill the office which does not have plenty rooms. The space is currently dominated by working. Althouth there are three slots for rest and communications, it just does not work at all as different functions are isolated from each other. Seldom AKQA & NIKE visual identify materials are deployed. Lack of fresh color and visual elements. The plan is too massing, because it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t make good use of the space. More free but delicated zoning is needed.

SOUTHEAST AXON

AXON OF THE RECONSTRUCTION

SOUTHWEST AXON

WORKING SPACE

SECTIONAL AXON

DATA MORPHOSIS | 2008-2018

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