CHAPTER 3
GIS DATABASE DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS) A DBMS is a software application designed to organized the efficient and effective storage and access of data. A DBMS successful because :•
Able to provide data model – a mechanism used to represent the real world object digitally in a computer system
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A data load capabilities – provide tools to load data into database
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Indices – data structured used to speed up searching
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Query language – support standard data query
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Controlled updates – updating activities are controlled – to ensure effective data storage
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Backup and recovery – valuable data are protected from system failure and incorrect update
Database Management System (DBMS) • The data in a computer database are managed and accessed through a DBMS. • Ex:
Database DBMS Hotel booking
Ski School booking
Travel arrangement
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DBMS as a computer program to control the storage, retrieval and modification of data (in a database) – Dale and Mclaughlin (1988)
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DBMS will allow users to join, manipulate or otherwise access the data in any number of databases files. – Stern and Stern (1993)
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A DBMS must allow the definition of data and their attributes and relationships, as well as providing security and an interface between the end users and their applications and the data itself.
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DBMS can be summarized: - file handling and file management (for creating, modifying or deleting the database structure) - adding, updating and deleting record - the extraction of information from data (sorting, summarizing and querying data) - maintenance of data security and integrity (housekeeping, logs, backup)
• The overall objective of a DBMS is to allow users to deal with data without needing to know how the data are physically stored and structured in the computer. • To achieved this, DBMS usually comprise software tools for structuring, relating, and querying data; tools for the design of data entry and report forms; and application generators for the creation of customized applications. • A DBMS manages data that are organized using a database data model. • This is analogous to the way in which spatial data are organized in a GIS according to a spatial data model (i.g Raster or Vector).
Role of DBMS System Geographic Information System Database Management System
Data
Task • • • • •
Data loading Editing Visualization Mapping Analysis
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Storage Indexing Security Query
“Programmable API”