May 2012 by David Evener

2012 Pump Buyers Guide, page 30

JOURNAL

May 2012

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Dealing With Friction Loss Simple calculations will provide pressure customers expect, page 23 Also inside: Maintaining constant pressure, page 27

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JOURNAL

Vol. 66, No. 5 May 2012 www.waterwelljournal.org

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

FEATURED ARTICLES 23 Dealing with Friction Loss By Jennifer Strawn

Simple calculations make sure your customers get the pressure they expect. 27 Maintaining Constant Pressure By Mike Price

Knowing how to troubleshoot variable frequency drives could be a profitable skill set in today’s workplace. 30 2012 Pump Buyers Guide It’s everything you need to know about the industry’s pump manufacturers and their products. Page 23

DEPARTMENTS What You’re Saying In This Issue Industry Newsline The Log Web Notes Coming Events State Watch Newsmakers Featured Products Classified Marketplace Index of Advertisers Closing Time

IN EVERY ISSUE 6 Editor’s Note Going to the Woodshed 19 WellGuard How to Present Effective Toolbox Training

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About the cover Prior to beginning work, the drill crew and client conduct a pre-shift safety meeting to discuss the day’s activities and schedule. Photo courtesy WDC Exploration & Wells in Shawnee, Kansas.

Member of BPA Worldwide. The Water Well Journal (ISSN #0043-1443) is published monthly by the National Ground Water Association, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. Printed and mailed at Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, and additional mailing offices. Postal acceptance: Periodical (requester subscription circulation) postage paid at Westerville, Ohio, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. Canada Post/ Publications Mail Agreement #40739533. Return address: 4960-2 Walker Rd., Windsor, ON N9A 6J3.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal May 2012 3/

JOURNAL A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Advancing the expertise of groundwater professionals and furthering groundwater awareness.

Chief Executive Officer Kevin McCray, CAE kmccray@ngwa.org NGWA President John Pitz, CPI Director of Publications/Editor Thad Plumley tplumley@ngwa.org Associate Editor Mike Price

mprice@ngwa.org

Copyeditor Wayne Beatty

wbeatty@ngwa.org

Production and Design Janelle McClary jmcclary@ngwa.org Advertising Shelby Fleck Vickie Wiles

sfleck@ngwa.org vwiles@ngwa.org

Circulation Coordinator Katie McKee kmckee@ngwa.org Contributing Writers Ed Butts, PE, CPI; Donald W. Gregory; David T. Hanson; William J. Lynott; Michelle Nichols; Christine Reimer; Al Rickard, CAE; Jill Ross; Ron Slee; Stuart A. Smith, CGWP; Lana Straub; and Jennifer Strawn Editorial, Advertising, & Publishing Offices 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081 (800) 551-7379 Fax: (614) 898-7786 Selected content from Water Well Journal is indexed on Ground Water On-Line™ at www.NGWA.org/gwonline ©Copyright 2012 by the National Ground Water Association. All rights reserved.

Page 27

FEATURED COLUMNISTS 42 Engineering Your Business by Ed Butts, PE, CPI Groundwater Treatment Part 5(c). Secondary Contaminants

48 The Water Works by Ed Butts, PE, CPI Engineering of Water Systems Part 10(b)—Hydrodynamics, Part 2

56 Safety Matters by Jack Glass, CIH, CSP, QEP, CHMM When Lightning Strikes It happens more than you think, so be prepared when a storm arises.

58 People at Work by Alexandra Walsh Top 10 HR Tips for Small Businesses Effective people management is critical for small businesses. Follow these tips to success.

60 Savvy Selling by Michelle Nichols We’re All in Sales, All the Time Our circulation is audited, ask for a statement today.

An APEX award winner nine consecutive years with 21 total awards, most in the groundwater industry.

The skills, intuition, and insights that close deals also sweeten our daily lives. In a sense, we’re all making our pitch, whether at work or at home.

62 The After Market by Ron Slee Blogs and Communications I feel like I’m being inexorably pulled into the 21st century. The views expressed in the columns are the authors’ opinions based on their professional experience.

4/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

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EDITOR’S

NOTE

Going to the Woodshed he mountains are not typically where you go for a lesson on classic jazz, but the breathtaking vistas in Colorado Springs was where I learned how jazz greats became, well, great. A conference designed on generating ideas kicked off with a session on innovation. In it were examples from the world of jazz—examples we should all apply to our businesses today. The first lesson came from one of the masters of trumpet, Miles Davis. He said, “Don’t play the notes you know; play the ones you don’t know.” That was his colorful way of warning about overthinking things. How often have you been guilty of that? It’s okay, it happens to all of us. It’s easy to get into the flow of doing things how you’ve always done them without ever exploring new strategies. Many business owners don’t want to consider diversification in today’s economic climate and operate with the mind-set: “My current processes can’t be wrong; after all, they’ve always worked.” But success in jazz—and in our businesses—is in finding the sweet spot. And that is that spot between risk aversion and risk taking. Davis summed it up by adding, “There are no mistakes.” By that he meant you always need to be striving for something new and that is found when you combine your expertise with an open mind that is taking chances. Of course finding something new takes practice, and most importantly, it

takes hard work. A lesson on that comes from jazz saxophonist Charlie Parker. Legend says that a young Parker went to an open stage one night at a club where his performance did not go well, to put it mildly. He then “went to the woodshed” where he practiced constantly. What emerged from those sessions a few years later was a new sound called “bebop.” That sound changed the jazz world forever. How can you change your business world forever? Consider the question as we always need to be striving for something new because our competitors are certainly doing so. Look for opportunities for diversification. Look for a service that is not being offered in your area or is being underserved. And if Davis and Parker were around today, they would suggest looking for a new way to do something you already do. Perhaps there is a new tool on the market that can save you time or money. What does that extra time or revenue allow your company to do now? Going to the woodshed with your business plan won’t be easy. Parker told an interviewer later in life he practiced 15 hours a day for three to four years. What emerged, though, was beautiful music. Follow Parker’s lead and you might find the right notes for your company.

Thad Plumley is the editor of WWJ and director of publications at the National Ground Water Association. He can be reached at tplumley@ngwa.org and on Twitter @WaterWellJournl.

Advertise your products and services to the groundwater industry’s most influential readership. Call Shelby Fleck and Vickie Wiles in the NGWA sales department at (800) 551-7379. ● ● ● ●

Approximately 25,000 readers every month. More than 19,000 are groundwater contractors. Approximately 4000 reside in professions also allied to the field. Readers reside in every state, Canada, and other international locations. Circulation is audited by BPA Worldwide. Ask for a statement.

6/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

Shelby Fleck

Disclaimer Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association provide information for guidance and information purposes only. This publication is not intended to provide investment, tax, or legal advice. The information contained herein has been compiled from sources deemed reliable and it is accurate to the best of our knowledge and belief; however, Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association cannot guarantee as to its accuracy, completeness, and validity and cannot be held liable for any errors or omissions. All information contained herein should be independently verified and confirmed. Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association do not accept any liability for any loss or damage howsoever caused in reliance upon such information. Reader agrees to assume all risk resulting from the application of any of the information provided by Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association. Trademarks and copyrights mentioned within Water Well Journal are the ownership of their respective companies. The names of products and services presented are used only in an educational fashion and to the benefit of the trademark and copyright owner, with no intention of infringing on trademarks or copyrights. No endorsement of any third-party products or services is expressed or implied by any information, material, or content referred to in the Water Well Journal. Subscriptions/Back Issues For questions, changes or problems with your subscription call Katie McKee. Subscriptions: Water well contractors and other qualified groundwater industry personnel in U.S. and Canada — free; others in U.S. — $105 per year; $15 per copy. Canada – $120 per year; $24 per copy. International: $140 per year; $35 per copy. Subscriptions available through NGWA offices only. We reserve the right to refuse subscriptions to anyone not directly engaged in the groundwater industry. Claims for missing issues must be made in writing within three months of publication and will be subject to the availability of back issues. Advertising Disclaimer Advertisers and advertising agencies assume liability for all content (including text, representation, and illustrations) of advertisements printed and also assume responsibility for any claims arising therefrom made against the publisher. The publisher reserves the right to reject any advertising that it believes is not in keeping with the publication's standards or is deemed unsuitable or misleading.

Vickie Wiles

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WHAT YOU’RE

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How accepted idea at cell . first ever, there consistent multiple nationwid many barri From heari appear to ly reveal the e polls ers when population to conclude ng this, it would be majority of faced with be implement continues easy actually the that the use ing these to use cell while drivi devices shou guidelines of electronic phones ng . ld be restri outright ban. and would be again the vehicle Barriers to cted st is not in motio to when a Ban a safety regul So then, how do we an then hasn’ n. So why At this time, t every state justify ation that the predo this guide no state comp would go eagerly accep all cell phon minant line? against letely bans ted e use while Since safet public opinion? To begin nine states with, we need prohibit all driving, but enacted, they y regulations were recent mode only look using hand drivers from first ls have been to -held designed serve a pleth of cars and trucks written and to At the feder phones. to reduc ora e the poten accidents. and attachmen of electronic gadg obtial for Carrier Safet al level, the Federal Our initia ets ts built Motor dashb y l efforts at rules inclu oard and integ right into the use of hand Administration bans drivi ded -held the rated into driver’s licen the requirement of ng operation of commercia cell phones by the full of the drive speed limit ses and the posting onboard Blue vehicle. These inclu in interstate l motor vehicles trave rs of s—regulat tooth cell commerce ling ions that were equally deba cated cell phones, dedi-de operate a and drivers phon ted vehic who grated direc es (such as OnSt More recen back in their day. of hazardous le transporting a quan ar), intetional navig tly, the surge mate tity towa iPod ation rials rds in dock ing under al syste requiring attention intoxicate s, and lapto 49 placard- The d driving p attachmen ms, society’s economic has altere tity of a mate CFR Part 172 or any acceptance ts. s and quan rial logis of And now, banning the listed as this practice. d tics involved or toxin in use of all in are mere faced with a new 42 CFR Part a select agent those devic certainly hazard, we 73. ly taking Commerc something es is contr that needs tions that considered fined as a ial motor vehicles are to be are controllabol of the distrac. self-propel le. Argument When looki led or towe decle used on d vehithe highw has laws in s proclaim that every that the numb ng at raw data, we ays to trans persons or place again see state property in port reckless drivi ities has plum er and rate of traffi st careless merce, and interstate c fataland ng and these comthat adequate numbers fell meted. In 2010, those should be vehicle weig either: (1) has a to address gross ht/gross vehic not electronic 1949, despi to their lowest point ing of 10,00 devices while only the use of le weight te significan since 1 pounds ratother distra number of t increases drivi or greater; designed ng, but all ctions as well. miles Ame in the true or used to (2) is rican ing that year While this and many trans eight passe and the expo s drove duris drivers have ngers (inclu port more than recei in the use of nential grow ved careless already for compensat ding the drive th citati or reckless 2005 to 2009 cell phones. In fact, ons for use used to trans ion; (3) is designed r) driving durin of a cell phon or port more driving, this 25%. Thes driving fatalities dropp g gers, not for than 15 passe e while e decreases did not creat ed compensat awareness with an incre were matc e the publi ion; or (4) nand hed is this practice. social push to decre c miles drive ase of nearly 21 billio Jack Glass n by Ame ase n is the princi rican And when Faced with s. pal consultant J Tyler Scient these numb ific Co. and for that the purpo it comes down to suddenly 20 years of has more it, isn’t question whet ers, one may than experience se of virtu lation? To technology as an health consu ally every her using enco today behind the regultant. He has environmental exposures, an issue of wheel is really ’s society to be urage every perso risk manageme consulted on toxic n in true signi safer? quality. He ficance. I nt, and indoo this statem is the past realiz ent r air Safe Cell president New Jersey public opini will go against the e of the Phone Use Indus tide of on—or will and past chair trial Hygiene Assoc What can it? iation a busin Hygiene Assoc of the American Indus ess tive role in The Value do to take trial iation Const controlling an acof Safety ruction Comm tronic devic the use of ittee. Num eleces erous in their vehic 48/ March and forem 2012 Water les? First ments, gove public service anno ost is traini Well Journal unce rnment guide ng. must activ lines, and ely and consi The company stently educ SAFETY/contin ate ues on

page 50

waterwelljo

urnal.com

Cell Phones and the Road Dear WWJ, I want to say good job on the article about cell phone use behind the wheel in the March issue of Water Well Journal. I have had continuous connection by mobile phone since 1966 without ever being off the air.

The evolution of mobile phones has changed dramatically since my first one. The first unit was a phone receiver on the dashboard with a tube-type electronics package attached to the pickup truck, measuring about 2 square feet. This slowly evolved to smaller and smaller units due to solid-state electronics and technology. My first phones would trigger the horn on my truck to let me know I had a call, and I heard it over the noise of the drill rig. I’ve always used the phone for short information (as in yes, no, be there at . . ., I’ll call back when I’m in the office, etc.). Never in-depth phone calls. In all of those 46 years I have never had an accident or even strayed from my lane. I feel the biggest problem is that people today use the phone for long, involved conversations, which takes your mind off the driving whether you’re holding the phone or using Bluetooth. I certainly don’t want an additional law to inhibit my use of the mobile

phone, but at the same time I‘ve had to avoid people (mostly young) who stray into my path while talking and driving. I do agree with the fact that the reckless driving law covers the improper use of the mobile/cell phones and feel that enforcing that law should be sufficient. R. Bruce McDannald President, McDannald Systems Inc. Escondido, California

Have Something to Say? Do you want to comment on an article that you read in WWJ or something happening in the groundwater industry? Then drop us a line! You can do so by sending your feedback in a variety of ways. You can send an e-mail to WWJ Editor Thad Plumley at tplumley@ngwa.org, post a comment on www.waterwelljournal.com or send a tweet to @WaterWellJournl. Give us your feedback today!

Where do you want to drill today? Call us today to find your perfect drill.

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IN THIS

ISSUE

he May 2012 Water Well Journal is our annual pumps issue. It contains informative feature articles and interviews, the 2012 Pump Buyers Guide, and an assortment of informative columns and departments.

The 2012 Pump Buyers Guide, which begins on page 30, contains complete contact information for the industry’s pump manufacturers and an easy-to-read grid that details and checks off the types of pumps each manufacturer produces. Simply put, the buyers guide is a must read before you make your next purchase. Freelance writer Jennifer Strawn covers a subject every pump installer needs to consider. In the cover story titled “Dealing with Friction Loss” on page 23, Strawn points out friction loss is something all contractors should account for when sizing a water system or choosing a pump. While it may not affect systems where the run from the well to the house is 200 feet or less, it plays a much greater role with appli- Jennifer Strawn cations with long runs of pipe, a lot of fittings, or small-diameter pipe for the gallons per minute required. Strawn’s article explains why it matters, how to calculate friction loss, and finally, how to deal with it. Ed Butts, PE, CPI, continues his “Engineering of Water Systems” series in his Water Works column on page 48. He

follows up on his introduction to hydrodynamics in the April issue by providing two equations commonly used to calculate the specific friction loss of a closed or open conduit or flow path. Along with detailing what is represented in the equations and how to calculate them, Butts provides a group of preprepared head loss charts and correction factors for various types and pressure classes of pipe. Butts also continues a series in his Engineering Your Business column on page 42. In “Groundwater Treatment,” Butts continues a discussion on secondary contaminants that are known to impact the aesthetic and palatable qualities of drinking water. This installment details substances that can impact the removal of the contaminants as well as design considerations for treatment equipment. Discussed are sequestration, water softening, hydrogen sulfide, and other methods. Associate Editor Mike Price reviews troubleshooting for variable frequency drives (VFDs) in a feature article “Maintaining Constant Pressure” on page 27. Price speaks with industry manufacturers about the most common problems customers run into—such as a simple one where the transducer wires are hooked up wrong— and how to best resolve them. Like other techMike Price nological advances in society, VFDs have come a long way over the past 20 years. Being up to date and

Submit your NGWA award nominations today. NGWA awards honor the best of the best and cover all sectors of the groundwater industry. Submit your nomination today in one or more of the following categories.

Who inspires you? Submit your award nomination today.

NGWA Awards of Excellence

NGWA Divisional Awards

s Ross L . Oliver Award s M. King Hubbert Award s Robert Storm Interdivisional Cooperation Award s Technology Award s Honorary Member Award s Life Member Award s Safety Advocate Award s Equipment Design Award

s John Hem Award for Excellence in Science & Engineering s Keith E. Anderson Award s Manufacturers Division Special Recognition Award s Supplier of the Year Award

Outstanding Groundwater Project Awards

10/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

s Groundwater Supply Award s Groundwater Protection Award s Groundwater Remediation Award

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For details on eligibility, past recipients, and NGWA award nomination forms, visit www.NGWA.org or call customer service at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791 outside the United States). Forms must be received at NGWA headquarters on or before August 1, 2012 for this year’s awards.

waterwelljournal.com

IN THIS

ISSUE

educated on how to diagnose an issue and fix it is important because a VFD operating correctly can provide numerous benefits for pumping systems, including advanced pressure control, motor protection, and increased efficiency.

We don’t just supply geothermal products, we specialize in them.

The latest installment of Safety Matters is titled “When Lightning Strikes.” Author Jack Glass, CIH, CSP, QEP, CHMM, points out in the column that begins on page 56 more than 200 people die each year from lightning or from fires caused by lightning in the United States—a total that is more than those who perish from hurricanes or tornadoes. The column by Glass offer tips to reduce the risk of being struck by lightning when you are on a job site as well as those that can aid you if you are with someone who has been struck by lightning.

Our products are backed by more than 20 years of geothermal installation experience.

The People at Work column by Alexandra Walsh is titled “Top 10 HR Tips for Small Businesses” and begins on page 58. Walsh states small businesses like those that dot the groundwater industry are only as good as the people in the businesses. With that in mind, effective people management is a must, so she offers advice that will help small business owners maintain a happy and effective staff. The tips range from “it’s not just Alexandra Walsh about the money” to “get creative when competing with larger employers for good workers” and “training, training, training.”

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Non-Pressurized QT Flow Center

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Water Well Journal May 2012 11/

INDUSTRY

NEWSLINE

NGWA’s National Groundwater Awareness Week Tops 350 Web Sites For the first time, NGWA’s National Groundwater Awareness Week was promoted on more than 350 Web and social media sites. A deluge of Web site, Facebook, and Twitter postings; newspaper, television, and radio stories; and public events from the state to the local level blanketed the country before and during Awareness Week, March 11-17. While this doesn’t include a vast amount of information being promoted to the public off the Web, it indicates the annual event is steadily increasing in the number of people reached with educational information about groundwater and water well stewardship issues. Perhaps even more significantly, entire states are seizing on Groundwater Awareness Week to educate the public about subjects such as groundwater protection, water well system maintenance, and water testing.

Some additional positive indicators include: ● ●

●

A record 20-plus national promotional partners publicized Awareness Week For the first time, news releases were issued by all NGWA Affiliate States jointly with NGWA More than 50 pages of listings were shown on Google.

Just a small sampling of public sector, private sector, health, environmental, and news organizations promoting Awareness Week were: ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Iowa Departments of Health and Natural Resources U.S. Environmental Protection Agency McHenry County (Illinois) Health Department Pork Network American Farm Bureau Federation Helena (Montana) Independent Record LaCrosse County (Wisconsin) Health Department

● ● ● ●

KOSA-TV in West Texas Mercury News (San Jose, California) U.S. Geological Survey home page Tennessee Departments of Health and Environmental Conservation.

U.S. EPA Changes Expected Date for Proposed Rulemaking on Lead-Free Drinking Water Products The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency will be incorporating the changes brought by the Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act within its overall lead and copper rulemaking. The expected timeframe for a notice of proposed rulemaking is now October 2012, with final action in December 2013. The notice for the proposed rulemaking was previously slated for May 2012. The bipartisan bill was signed on January 4, 2011, providing a 36-month implementation period from approval, after which time compliance will be required with the new standard. It uni-

NEWS/continues on page 14

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save the school $2 million annually and has led to an estimated 2300 jobs. The new heating and cooling system will cut Ball State’s 85,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions in half. There will be no need to burn 36,000 tons of coal. The system will also eliminate 3400 tons of coal ash that would normally have gone to a landfill, according to the university. The ceremony included accolades via video from Lieutenant Governor Becky Skillman and Senator Dick Lugar. Funding, however, is still an issue. Ball State President Jo Ann Gora says the university needs $20 million to complete phase two and will look into state, federal, and grant funding. “It is possible to bond the rest of it and to use the savings that come from that bonding to finance the rest of the project,” Gora told the Ball State Daily News. “That is ultimately our fallback.”

NEWS/from page 12 formly reduces the lead standard for pipes, pipe fittings, and plumbing fittings used to convey drinking water to a weighted average of 0.25% of the wetted surface, which is consistent with the current state laws in California, Maryland, and Vermont. The current federal level of permissible lead content is 8%. The benchmark for solder and flux is 0.2%. Most of the issues revolve around corrosion, or leaching, of lead—a metal found in natural deposits—in water system materials. The measure amends Section 1417 of the Safe Drinking Water Act by redefining “lead free.” For more information on the overall lead and copper rule, visit water.epa.gov/ lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/lcr/index.cfm.

Ball State University Hosts Dedication Ceremony for Geothermal Project

EPA Says No Evidence Hydraulic Fracturing Polluted Water in Rural Pennsylvania

A dedication ceremony was held on March 20 at Ball State University to recognize completion of phase one of its geothermal project, which is expected to

A first round of tests showed no evidence that water at 11 homes in a small

town in Pennsylvania near natural gas drilling operations had been polluted to unhealthy levels, U.S. environmental regulators said March 15. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency said in January it would perform tests at about 60 homes in Dimock, where residents have complained since 2008 of cloudy, foul-smelling water after Cabot Oil & Gas Corp. began hydraulic fracturing for gas nearby. Sampling results from the first round of 11 homes “did not show levels of contamination that could present a health concern,” a regional EPA spokesman said in an e-mail. Samples from six of the 11 homes did show concentrations of sodium, methane, chromium, or bacteria, but those results were all within safe ranges, the spokesman added. Arsenic was found in the water at two of the 11 homes, but the agency determined those levels were also safe. The agency will retest the water at those two homes. The EPA has been delivering freshwater to several homes in Dimock, including three of the 11 homes. It will

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continue to provide water to those homes while it performs more sampling. A Cabot spokesman says the company was pleased with the first round of results and it would continue to work with the EPA.

Building Permits for New Homes Rose to Highest Level Since October 2008 New data reported by the U.S. Commerce Department on March 20 offered big hope. The number of building permits for new homes rose in February to their highest level since October 2008, according to Comcast. If it leads to the kind of sustained rebound in new home construction over the next 12 months that building permit activity normally portends, it could be especially good news for the overall economic recovery. While new homes account for generally only around 20% of total home sales, they have an outsized impact on the vigor of the U.S. economy, as the construction of each home typically creates the equivalent of three full-time jobs for a year (adding up all the workweeks of the framers, carpenters, masons, painters, glaziers, plumbers, electricians, and other tradespeople who build a home or condo or apartment). For most of the 20th century, government data show, housing-related activity has driven 15% of the total national economic growth after a recession. But since 2009, thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s been down around 4% as the real estate market has struggled to recover from the 2007-2008 meltdown.

Schramm T450GT air rotary drill rig with the GeoCase casing rotator option. The 6-inch-diameter steel casing is rotated and follows the down-the-hole hammer and bit through the caving zones. A field demonstration of this new model drill rig will take place at the Pennsylvania Ground Water Associationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Summer Field Conference on June 15 in State College, Pennsylvania. The formation at this demo site is notorious for its caving overburden conditions and its flowing sand zones. The commercial loop field at this site

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ATA Critical of CSA Programâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Crash Accountability Delay American Trucking Associationsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; leaders expressed serious concern over the recent decision by the Federal Motor

NEWS/continues on page 16

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Conference to Feature Demo of Drill Rig That Rotates Casing and Follows Bit Through Caving Overburden The most unwelcome water well and geothermal borehole drilling conditions are the caving in of the well or borehole before the casing is installed. Redrilling the same caving zone again and again takes time and fuel that eat up profits. Because geothermal borehole drilling is production drilling, overcoming caving conditions quickly is essential for a profitable geothermal loop field drilling job. Caving soil and overburden are overcome without mud rotary drilling by a

had to be constructed by using mud rotary drilling to overcome the caving conditions. For details on this PGWA Summer Field Conference program, registration form, and a detailed location map, visit www.pgwa.org.

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Water Well Journal May 2012 15/

NEWS/from page 15 Carrier Safety Administration to continue to hold the trucking industry responsible in its CSA program for every truck-involved crash, including those which the truck driver could not have prevented. ATA, and other industry groups, had requested—and FMCSA had agreed to develop—a process where police accident reports would be reviewed to determine crash accountability and remove non-preventable crashes from a carrier’s CSA profile. After pressure from some special interest groups who have questioned the reliability of police accident reports, FMCSA now has shelved these plans. Legitimate highway safety stakeholders know that much of this country’s traffic safety research is based on police accident reports. FMCSA’s research and data find when driver actions are cited as a main reason for a car-truck collision, the driver of the smaller, non-commercial vehicle is cited in a majority of cases. Under FMCSA’s “blame truck drivers first” policy, carriers have had their CSA scores elevated for these crashes, and many, many others like them: ●

●

January 2012 crash involving a Utah State student who was texting and Facebook messaging when she rearended a tank truck. February 2012 crash in Pennsylvania where an SUV traveling the wrong way on Interstate 70 collided with a

●

tractor-trailer traveling in the proper direction. February 2012 crash in Tennessee where an SUV crossed the median of Interstate 40 and struck a tractortrailer traveling in the opposite direction.

EPA Issues Final 2012 General Permit for Stormwater Discharges from Construction Activities The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a final 2012 general permit for stormwater discharges from construction activities. The 2012 Construction General Permit replaces the 2008 CGP (which expired in February), and will provide coverage for eligible new and existing construction projects for a period of five years. The 2012 CGP includes a number of modifications to the 2008 CGP, many of which are necessary to implement the new Effluent Limitations Guidelines and New Source Performance Standards for Construction and Development point sources, known as the “C&D rule.” The C&D rule requires construction site operators to meet restrictions on erosion and sediment control, pollution prevention, and stabilization. The C&D rule also included a numeric turbidity limit for certain larger construction sites, but effective January 4, 2011, the EPA had stayed the numeric limitation

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of 280 NTU that was published in the December 1, 2009 rule. Because the numeric limit for turbidity has been stayed, EPA and authorized states are no longer required to incorporate the numeric turbidity limitation and monitoring requirements into their permits. Coverage under the 2012 CGP will be available for eligible construction activities in the following areas: ●

● ●

●

Idaho, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Mexico, and District of Columbia Indian Country lands within 28 states Areas within Colorado, Delaware, Vermont, Washington subject to construction by federal operators Limited areas of Oklahoma and Texas.

For more information, refer to the Federal Register Notice at www.epa .gov/npdes/pubs/cgp2012_frnotice.pdf.

Construction Employment Declined in 111 Metro Areas Between January 2011, 2012 Construction employment declined in 111 out of 337 metropolitan areas between January 2011 and January 2012, increased in 169, and stayed level in 57, according to an analysis of federal employment data released by the Associated General Contractors of America. The new construction employment data comes out amid growing concerns within the business community about Washington’s failure to enact a number of long-term infrastructure measures. “The mixed construction employment results reflect the conflict between slowly rebounding private sector demand for construction and declining public sector investments,” says Ken Simonson, the association’s chief economist. “For every metro area that is adding construction jobs, there is another one where construction employment continues to fall or is stagnant.” View construction employment figures of metropolitan areas by rank at www.agc.org/galleries/news/Metro_ empl_1201-Rank.pdf. If you have a news brief that you would like considered for this department, send a release to Mike Price, Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. E-mail: mprice@ngwa.org. Deadline: 15th of two months preceding publication (May 15 for July issue).

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THE

LOG

NEWS FROM THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

NGWA Washington Fly-in Stresses Importance of Groundwater Protection Seventy-three groundwater professionals from 27 states gathered for the NGWA Washington Fly-in, February 27-28 in Washington, D.C. Their mission was to educate policymakers about groundwater’s role Rep. Betty McCollum (D-Minnesota) rein maintaining the public health, envi- ceived the NGWA ronmental, and eco- Groundwater Protecnomic well-being of tor Award for her work in championing the nation. Federal a National Ground policymakers were Water Monitoring asked to take posi- Network. tive steps beneficial to the resource and professionals’ businesses. In particular, attendees: 1. Championed amendments to pending energy bills in the Senate and House of Representatives to recognize ground source and groundwater heat pumps as renewable energy under federal loan programs and to meet congressionally mandated federal purchase requirements.

18/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

2. Asked congressional support for funding of a National Ground Water Monitoring Network in order to optimize groundwater resources. Currently, the nation has no comprehensive monitoring system that can be used to provide a nationwide scientifically based assessment and evaluation of groundwater conditions, availability, and water quality trends. 3. Showcased NGWA members’ commitment to protecting groundwater and providing quality drinking water to consumers, including through private well systems. Congressional members were invited to join industry members in educating consumers about the importance of groundwater and water well stewardship by issuing a news release or tweet during National Groundwater Awareness Week, March 11-17. 4. Reached beyond our own shores by asking members of Congress to cosponsor Water for the World bills, pending in both the House and Senate. The legislation would raise the importance of and integrate water into international diplomacy; better coordinate federal agency programs; and work toward sustainable water supplies.

Representative Betty McCollum (DMinnesota) set the stage for participants the first day of the two-day event, emphasizing the importance of groundwater to Minnesota and the nation. She was the recipient of the 2012 NGWA Groundwater Protector Award for her work in championing a National Ground Water Monitoring Network.

NGWA Hosting Conference on Regional Groundwater Issues NGWA is hosting a conference focusing on groundwater issues specific to a certain region of the United States. The NGWA Focus Conference on Midwestern Groundwater Issues, June 26-27 in Columbus, Ohio, will concentrate on a host of topics: Major seasonal flooding events impacting groundwater and wells ● Issues related to oil and shale gas production ● Increased water use for irrigation ● Biofuels development ● Other energy alternatives. To learn more about this conference and to register, visit NGWA’s Web site at www.NGWA.org. ●

NGWA Offers CSP–Drilling Operations Exam NGWA is offering a second component to the Certified Sales Professional (CSP) designation within its Voluntary Certification Program, the Certified Sales Professional–Drilling Exam. The CSP designation is specifically intended for suppliers and manufacturers. Earning the CSP designation is a remarkable way to demonstrate your commitment to enhancing industry professionalism and providing good customer service. Eligible individuals who wish to earn the designation will be required to take only one exam, but they can extend their designation to a CSP-II by passing both the drilling and pump installation exams. Exam appointments may be scheduled through NGWA’s third-party testing facility, PSI LaserGrade, by calling (800) 211-2754. If outside the United States, call (360) 896-9111.

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WellGuard

How Protecting to Present Effective ToolboxVision Training Your

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s we look ahead in the New Year, it’s here are many significant hazards that a good time to look at protecting your affect both the experienced and inexperivision. enced worker. Besides communicating, Deteriorating vision is one of the most regular toolbox training is one of the best ways to troubling and early signs of aging or poor prevent accidents in the water well industry. eyeOSHA health. From regular nearsightedness totraining, macular requires documented degeneration, much can go wrong with and toolbox training can be adapted to meet your fedvision if your eyes are not properly caredOne for. eral or state requirements in many instances. Thebest eyes canofstart to change rapidly after of the ways communicating the imporage 40. You may thatjob youis seem to tance of safety on a notice water well through need brighter more to read fine toolbox training.orNo, it’s light not necessary to beprint a or see details. If you never needed prescripprofessional speaker. However, there are ways tioncan lenses, are now you makeyou yourmay talksfind morethey effective. required for reading or close work. If you Plan Your Agenda already wear prescription lenses or contacts your topic and plan your agenda before forKnow driving and distant vision, your the meeting so that you are well prepared. The optometrist may advise bifocals are now most effective method is to present your training needed. without reading it and lead a discussion afterBy age 40, most drivers will notice they ward. The use of actual equipment to illustrate no longer can see as well at night and that your points will accent your presentation as headlight glare more many people learnbothers throughthem visualmuch techniques. than when they were younger. This is you Coordinate hand-out sheets or other material from the natural process but may be intend to use at the aging meeting. aggravated further by high bloodpresentation. pressure, Always limit the length of your medications, diabetes, or smoking. These Generally speaking, one-half hour is adequate. conditions can lead to progressive losslonger, of Specific technical training will take much vision and ultimately blindness if not treated such as OSHA 10-hour training or new equipproperly. ment training. Allow for questions afterwards. About 15 minutes is enough. Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye Use visual examples when possible. If you’re becomes cloudy, causing double or blurred talking ladders, have a ladder so you vision,about problems with glare, and handy difficulty can pointatout suchorthings as light. loose rungs or split seeing night in low Treatment side rails. If you plan to talk the including improper varies from eyeglasses to about surgery, use of handlens tools, show a depending few sampleson such a possible implants theasindihammer with a taped or using a screwvidual patient. Get handle treatment if detected driver or tightening a nut with a early.asDoa chisel not wait for significant vision wrench that’s the wrong size. impairment before seeking treatment.

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Glaucoma, a painless of pressure Complete a summary of buildup your presentation. in the eye,theis important a leadingpoints causebrought of blindness. Reinforce out durYouthe can lose your vision, ing meeting. Thank your particularly staff for their interperipheral or side vision, and not eventhem real-to est and enthusiasm—this will encourage be and vision contribute. remember izeinvolved it until the loss Always is significant. that it is important to over get theage information underAfrican Americans 40, everyone stood and practiced. Toothose manywith toolbox meetings else over age 60, and a family are givenofonly becauseare “it’satsomething I have to history glaucoma highest risk. do” rather than imparting Treatment is the simple knowledge, daily use ofenthusieye asm, practicesiffor employees. dropsand or safe oralwork medication caught early. Diabetic is caused when Provide an Retinopathy Interesting Format excessive sugar thenote. tiny After vesStart theblood meeting out damages on a positive that welcome, nourish the retina.teamwork All diabetics asels cordial promote by saying should havetraining a comprehensive examvalueach how toolbox not only caneye provide able butInstitutes gives everyone the opportuyear.information, The National of Health advisnity to toss back and forth. Beblindness sure to es that 90%ideas of diabetes-related compliment jobs well Moraleblood plays asugar, bigcan be prevented by done. controlling ger partpressure, than people in affecting productivblood andthink cholesterol. ity Macular and job satisfaction. Degeneration is when abnormal Keep the training allowing blood vessels grow informal, on the retina and for leakparticipant input and questions. Even though you blood, affecting central vision. The change may be using a technical resource, use your own can be so subtle and gradual that it can go words as much as you can in making the actual undetected for years, particularly if regular presentation. eye exams are not performed. Macular Make the talk a hands-on session. Have your degeneration is a major cause of blindness people name particular hazards and what to do for those over 60. It is treated with laser about them. Encourage them to offer suggestions therapy, medications, and miniature telescopto improve safety. ic implants.

TheRetinal Topic Tear or Detachment can occur

Choose timelybut topics. your talks to reafrom an injury, also Gear for no apparent safety problems dealing withthe at the moson. The retina you’re pulls away from connecment or thatbetween you anticipate in upcoming jobs. tive tissue the white of the eye and recent injuries. What happened? Why the Review retina—its source of oxygen and nutridid it happen? What should have been done? ents—causing a risk of permanent vision Review recent safety violations. What was loss. Symptoms include a sudden abundance the violation? What hazard did it create? What of floaters (specs or strings in the eye), sudinjury could have occurred? like downhole coverage, that are designed exclusively for the groundwater industry. Also, additional premium credits are available for NGWA-certified contractors. Endorsed by the National Ground Water Association, the program offers the financial

den Review flashes upcoming of light orwork blurriness in the eye, schedules. What and a possible or about? fog over part of the hazards are you shadow concerned What safety visual field.should It should be noted having equipment be used? What that procedures one or two floaters in the eye is normal, but should be followed? aThe sudden increase in the number of floaters Place and Time calls for an eye examination. Hold the meeting in your work area. We recDry Eye occurs tears notin the ommend holding thewhen meeting firstare thing enough to keep the eye moist. The result morning or immediately after lunch when the isworkday stinging, redness, eye willburning, least be interrupted andfatigue, the work pain, or badly quiet. blurred vision. Treatment can area relatively This will make sure everyinclude over-the-counter prescription body will be focused on theortopic rather thaneye drops. Minor surgical correction may be production issues. needed extreme to open Holdina more toolbox trainingcases meeting once a week blocked tearyour glands or to trap moisturethat in job the to reinforce company’s philosophy safety important. Keep it freshscratching and interesting eye. If isleft untreated, corneal and as well as pertinent the type of exposures you eye infections can to occur. areThe likely to come across. secret to maintaining good vision is If you’reannual going toeye spend time then a thorough exam bytoa train, qualified use your time effectively and efficiently and eye get physician so that early treatment for any the bestorresults. following some of the ideas health visionBy impairments found during talked aboutcan here, youplace. will increase the likelithe exams take hood ofsudden good training andin consistent Any changes vision orsafety change performance. in appearance of the eyes should result in a prompt trip todoes the not optometrist. Do the not imwait The Hartford warrant that for your next scheduled annual exam.conplementation of any recommendation Protect yourwill eyes so you can continue to tained herein result in the elimination see clearly into the future. of any unsafe conditions at your business locations or with respect to your business operations. The Hartford assumes no reThe NGWA Safety Program Manual has more informasponsibility theimportant control safety or correction of protion on this andfor other topics. Help hazards or legal compliance respect today to tect yourself, your employees, andwith your business by contacting thepractices. NGWA Bookstore at 614 898.7791 your business Readers seeking to to order your copy.safety, In addition, can access resolve specific legalmembers or business isdozens of other free safety tips by logging in to the sues or concerns related to the information member exclusives section of the NGWA Web site, provided should their safety www.ngwa.org, andconsult clicking on “safety factconsheets.” sultant, attorney, or business advisors. stability of The Hartford and the flexibility to use the local independent insurance agent of your choice. To learn more, please contact Jeff Blumberger at Willis Programs (the program administrator) at 860 756.7333, or visit their Web site at www.wellguard.com.

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NGWA’s Community Makes Sharing Ideas, Communicating Easier The NGWA Community is a new discussion group that will make it easier to share ideas and communicate with other NGWA members. The upgraded discussion group will: ● Have an area to post messages and still receive discussion posts in your e-mail inbox ● Allow you to control how and when you receive messages from the groups ● Use your NGWA.org Web site login to access your groups ● Have an enhanced member directory to allow member-to-member networking ● Update your profile, add your photo, import your LinkedIn profile, etc. for others to view ● Allow you to post documents, videos, and links. Please make sure your NGWA membership is up to date to ensure you have access to the discussion group. You can log on to the site by going to community.ngwa.org and signing in with your NGWA.org user name and password. To become a member, visit www.NGWA.org.

NGWA’s First Phone App for iPhone Provides Valuable Information A glossary of groundwater and water well terms is available from NGWA as an iPhone application downloadable online in the App Store at www.apple.com/ iphone/apps-for-iphone. The application for Apple’s iPhone is $4.99 and educational institutions can receive a discounted rate for multiple purchases. NGWA Executive Director Kevin McCray, CAE, says the Lexicon of Groundwater and Water Well System Terms contains more than 1900 terms useful to all professionals in the groundwater industry, and other professionals and students in the Earth sciences.

“Here, in one place, the user can find reliable definitions for terms critical to professional work, research, and study dependent upon accuracy and precision,” McCray says. “This glossary represents a comprehensive listing of groundwater and water well terms reviewed exhaustively.” NGWA’s Lexicon was selected by a task force of industry professionals and contains terms with the most relevancy to the various groundwater professions and to the use, protection, remediation, and management of groundwater. While there are often regional differences in the use of some terms, the document is certainly an ideal collection of the definitions that relate to groundwater and professionals who work with it. To learn more or to purchase this product, visit the NGWA Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org, or call (800) 551-7379. Call (614) 898-7791 outside the United States.

Journal Web Site Offers Advertising Opportunities Manufacturers and suppliers, supplement your print advertising in the leading industry resource, Water Well Journal, with a presence at its new online home at www.waterwell journal.com. WWJ’s Web site includes all content from the print edition, buyers guides, and news updated daily. It is offering “homepage” banner ad opportunities: ● ● ●

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Circle card no. 25

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Water Well Journal May 2012 21/

Circle card no. 48

(COVER STORY)

s the saying goes, nothing in the world is certain except death and taxes. Groundwater industry professionals, though, could add one more item to the list. Make that friction loss. “Friction loss is always present,” says Steve Ulrich, a technical service regional manager with Franklin Electric Co. Inc. headquartered in Bluffton, Indiana. “Sometimes the losses are significant, but most of the time—if the piping is done in accordance with good practices—the friction loss should be negligible.” It doesn’t matter what part of the country you live in, the type or size of pipe you use, or the pumps you install. Friction loss is something all contractors need to take into account when sizing a water system or choosing a pump. It’s like going down a toll road, Ulrich says. In order to use the road you have to pay a fee. In a water system, the “fee” is friction loss. Problem is, many contractors don’t give it much thought. “I would say 90 percent of us who put pumps in just hang that pump on 1-inch pipe like they’ve been doing for years and away they go,” says Scott Fowler, CWD/PI, president of Dahlman Pump & Well Drilling Inc. in Burlington, Washington. “In about 99 percent of the cases that works out fine.” That’s because the run from the well to the house is often 200 feet or less and the friction loss doesn’t affect the system’s design all that much. But when you have applications with long runs of pipe, a lot of fittings, or small-diameter pipe for the gallons per minute required, friction loss plays a much greater role.

Why friction loss matters

Dealing with Friction Loss

Photo courtesy Franklin Electric

Simple calculations make sure your customers get the pressure they expect. By Jennifer Strawn

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Friction loss is the loss of pressure or feet of head when water moves through a pipe. If there’s a lot of friction loss in a system, you won’t be able to deliver the pressure or volume your customers expect. Friction loss also impacts the total dynamic head required of the pump. So as the TDH is part of the design of the pump, knowing the friction loss can help you calculate the TDH properly and select the pump for the system. “Increased TDH due to friction loss also impacts the horsepower size of the pump and the operating conditions after that,” says Dave Kill, formerly an engineer with Goulds Water Technology. “That’s why it’s so important to understand the friction loss in the system.”

Calculating friction loss Although you could calculate friction loss using complicated equations, you don’t need to be a mathematical genius to determine the rate of friction loss in a given system. Most pipe and pump manufacturers publish friction loss tables in their catalogs—no complicated equations required.

FRICTION LOSS/continues on page 24 Jennifer Strawn was the associate editor of Water Well Journal from 2004 to 2007. She is currently in the internal communications department at Nationwide Insurance in Columbus, Ohio. She can be reached at strawnj2@gmail.com.

Water Well Journal May 2012 23/

FRICTION LOSS/from page 23 “We get these types of calls a lot,” Ulrich says. “A contractor calls up and says, ‘I’m coming out of a well, and I’ve got to go through a mile and a half of this size pipe to fill up a stock tank. Can you help me figure the pump?’ What they’re asking is how to figure out the friction loss in that really long length of pipe.” To calculate the friction loss using published tables, you’ll need to know the: 1. Gallons per minute required 2. Total length of pipe in the system (straight pipe plus fittings) 3. Pipe’s diameter 4. Pipe’s material. Tables will often give fittings a length equivalent to straight pipe. For example, a 90-degree elbow might be equivalent to 10 feet. Multiplying that number by the number of fittings in a system will provide the total equivalent length. Add that to the length of straight pipe and you get the total length of pipe in the system. Each type of pipe affects friction loss differently. PVC, for example, is smoother than steel, so friction loss would be less. If you’re using both PVC and steel pipe, you would calculate the friction loss for each kind of pipe separately and add them together. Plug the above values into the table to get the friction loss rate per 100 feet. In a system with 400 feet, you would need to take that friction loss rate and multiply it by 4 to get the friction loss for the system. To convert the friction loss to pounds per square inch (psi), you simply multiply the friction loss rate by 0.433. And to convert psi to feet of head, you multiply numbers from the table by the factor of 2.31 feet per psi. (These tables depict friction loss in terms of psi rather than feet of head that many may be accustomed to. The numbers can be converted to feet of head by multiplying them by the factor of 2.31 feet per psi.) “When sizing a system, we determine how much the customer wants from the well, how far away from the water source, and the highest elevation of the house,” Fowler says. “I start adding all that up to size my pump and then add in the run from the house.” 24/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

It doesn’t matter what part of the country you live in, or the pumps you install. Friction loss is something all contractors need to take into account. Fowler then increases the size of the pipe up to 2 inches, just to avoid any possible friction loss problems. “In my opinion, it’s better to oversize the plumbing than to undersize it just to save a little bit of money,” he adds. In general, you want to keep the flow of water through the pipe below 5 feet per second (fps) to avoid friction loss problems, Ulrich says. “If you maintain a 5 fps velocity rate, that also keeps your friction loss around 5 feet of head loss per 100 feet of pipe or 2 to 2½ psi per 100 feet. That’s generally taken to be an acceptable loss rate.”

How to deal with friction loss While adjusting the pipe size is one way to control friction loss, there are instances where you can’t control the size of the pipe. Fowler says in the state of Washington it’s not uncommon for the groundwater contractor to come out to the site, drill the well, set the pump, and take water samples before the homeowner gets the building permits. “We may never go back to the site

Get Resources to Help With Pump Installations Go to the National Ground Water Association’s Online Bookstore to get resources that will help with your pump installations. The NGWA Pump Cost Calculator (Catalog #X964) enables you to plug in costs to all of the categories that contribute to your overall cost of pump installations to help you see what is needed to achieve the profits you want for your company. The NGWA Pump Sizer (Catalog #X967) is a digital tool that helps you determine the size of the various components of a typical water pump system. Both products are designed as easyto-use Excel® workbooks and free to members of NGWA.

until the pump breaks down,” Fowler says. “The homeowner or the building contractor ran the water line and the electrical line out there, and the plumber put the pressure tank in and we never did any of that.” More often than not, a customer wants to increase the gallons per minute on an existing system and pulling up all the piping is not financially feasible. When you have no control over the size of the pipe, you can add a higher horsepower pump or a pump that would give more pressure to overcome the loss in the piping. If one pump isn’t enough, you can also add a booster pump to increase the pressure. “Ideally, you’d like to take care of it with one pump at the well, but if you can’t change out that pump for some reason, you use a booster,” Kill says. But obviously, when you add a larger pump or booster pump there’s cost associated with it. There’s the cost of the pump and the cost to run it day in and day out, Ulrich says. So, if you have a choice, the best way is to size the system correctly at the start—even if you’re tempted to use a smaller pipe diameter to keep costs down. “By saving a few possible pennies in the cost of piping, the system costs dollars over time because you’re spending more money in electricity to get the job done,” Ulrich says. Keeping the costs of piping low, though, is exactly the reason you should consider calculating friction loss, Ulrich says. “Most who have been in business a while have a good gut sense of what size pipe to use for what flow rates,” he says. “You might have the option of using several different pipe sizes. By doing a friction loss calculation you can tighten up on your pricing by using slightly smaller pipe while maintaining a certain pressure.” If there’s one thing to remember about friction loss—besides the fact it’s a certainty like death and taxes—it’s that you don’t actually need to remember much at all. “You don’t need to memorize the information in the friction loss tables,” Ulrich says. “But it’s always a good idea to keep one handy for when you need it.” WWJ waterwelljournal.com

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Back in 1959, a Woodford Model Y34 Freezeless Yard Hydrant left the factory with a shiny new coat of paint, and found a home on a farm in Iowa. Fifty years later, after countless hailstorms, sleet, rain, snow, and subzero temperatures, it’s not very shiny. But it’s still working fine. In fact, we’ve seen some that date back to the 1920s, still doing their job every day. Should a Woodford hydrant ever need repair, even if it

was made decades ago, all parts are replaceable on site without removing the hydrant itself. And we’ll have those parts available. We can’t guarantee that every Woodford hydrant will last for 50 years. But, we can guarantee that when you specify Woodford, you’ll be drastically reducing the chance of callbacks, problems, and unhappy customers. We build everything possible into a Woodford hydrant. Except obsolescence.

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The Woodford Model Y34, part of the American landscape for decades. Immediate flow even in cold temperatures. Rod guide eliminates side pull, reducing wear on packing nut and stem. Cam can be set to obtain the same flow each time. Circle card no. 50

Photo courtesy SJE Rhombus Inc.

Knowing how to troubleshoot variable frequency drives could be a profitable skill set in today’s workplace. echnological advances in society have made everything seem easier to accomplish with the push of a button. The latest example of this is smartphones, literally mini computers that fit in the palm of your hand. Variable frequency drives (VFDs) are no different. Advancements have been made over the years, but the principle behind them is still the same. VFDbased constant pressure systems work by changing the speed of the motor based on demand.

Mike Price is the associate editor of Water Well Journal. In addition to his WWJ responsibilities, Price produces NGWA’s newsletters and contributes to the Association’s quarterly scientific publication. He can be reached at mprice@ngwa.org.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

The groundwater industry has seen VFDs become more and more common every year, making troubleshooting a potentially profitable skill to offer customers.

Starting with the Basics Most experienced installers are going to do their best to preset the settings that are required in the field. However, even before troubleshooting, there are some common measures to take. Paul Nistler, manager of engineered custom panels at SJE-Rhombus Inc., a manufacturer of water and wastewater pump controls in Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, runs down a fundamental checklist.

⻬ Make sure the full load amperage is set properly in the drive so one isn’t putting extra amperage in the motor and burning it out.

By Mike Price “There will be a parameter for that in all of the drives,” Nistler says. “Next your sleep frequency is a pretty important function that you can estimate at the factory based on your knowledge of the plumbing and pump system explained to you by the customer, but it’s almost always going to have to be adjusted when you do your installation.” It basically entails starting the drive in automatic mode the first time, letting it pump water, and then slowly closing the valves to a point where there is no more water moving. If the drive is doing its job, it’s going to slow down the motor and the pump until it gets to a point where the water is no longer pumping, but pressure is still being maintained. At this point the drive thinks it is doing its job (pressure is maintained,

PRESSURE/continues on page 28 Water Well Journal May 2012 27/

PRESSURE/from page 27 drive is still running in auto mode), but no water is moving. “This is a dangerous position to be in,” Nistler says, “and that’s where the sleep frequency becomes very important and you really can’t nail it right on the spot without doing this setup testing during installation by closing those valves and figuring out where that point is where your pump essentially deadheads at the pressure you want it to be. The sleep frequency needs to be set one or two Hz above this point.” Without that function set properly, the drive will continue to run until some other alarm shuts it off. A VFD system without a flow monitor or flow measurement device doesn’t know if water is moving through the pipe; all it can measure is the pressure in the line. Ensuring the sleep frequency is set so the drive actually shuts off when the water is not moving protects the pump from overheating and is one of the first objectives during the installation. “We have several customers who will call in and say I melted my pipes,” says Nistler, who presented a VFD workshop at the 2011 NGWA Groundwater Expo. “They have plastic pipes hooked up to their unit and eventually the water will boil out of there. “The pump depends on that water to keep itself cool, so if it’s not moving water it’s going to eventually overheat.”

⻬ Typically in a well pump application for irrigation purposes the contractor may need to adjust the precharge or pipe-fill function if using one. A common scenario is an installer filling all of the irrigation pipes before the pressure starts to build. If the drive is turned on in auto mode, and one wants to start irrigating but the pipes have drained out, there can be issues. When the water is turned back on, the pipes are going to fill up and the drive isn’t going to see any pressure buildup until all of the air is out of the line. “It’s going to keep going faster and faster until it gets to a point where all that water hits the end of the pipe and the drive is running wide open and you’ll blow the sprinklers off the end of your irrigation system,” Nistler says. “The function of the 28/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

WWJ Features Audio on Web Site Want more after reading this article? Listen to interview excerpts that didn’t make the print edition in the newest feature at www.waterwelljournal.com. precharge or pipe fill prevents this from happening.”

Troubleshooting Tips Nistler says the most common call his company receives is a simple one: the transducer wires are hooked up wrong. The transducer must be hooked up in the field, and there is typically a terminal block connection where the wires land. If those aren’t hooked up right, the signal won’t be sent to the drive and it won’t know what the pressure is in the line. “It’s really just a simple flip of the wires,” he says. “It really doesn’t hurt anything on the drive, but we do get a lot of calls from people who aren’t experienced in knowing how to check that. If you’re getting a low pressure fault on your drive, but the pressure gauge says the pressure is fine, it’s likely the transducer wires are not properly connected.” Another straightforward troubleshooting tip is making sure the motor is turning the right direction. Most VFD outputs run three-phase motors. “On a three-phase motor it’s as simple as flipping two of the leads on your wires,” Nistler says. “That can easily be done if your pump is running, but if you’re still having a problem getting it to build pressure, rotation is likely one of the causes. Usually on motors it’ll show a direction of rotation it’s supposed to be going and you can look at the shaft and see that it’s turning the right direction. “If you aren’t able to do that, you can simply disconnect power and change two of the wires, and get it to spin the other direction, making sure it builds pressure. Sometimes that can’t be done because the pump manufacturers don’t want their pumps to turn backwards, but if you are running it backwards already, switching the two leads would fix that issue.”

A more complicated issue is adjusting the proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) function. Often oscillation can occur when a pumping system is struggling to find the right pressure, wavering back and forth. The PID function can alleviate oscillation. “If you end up in a condition where you’re overshooting,” Nistler says, “you may have to adjust your proportional or integral value on the PID function in order to get that oscillation reduced and your pumping system performs as expected.”

Field Support When Necessary Like other pump manufacturers in the water well industry, Franklin Electric Co. Inc. offers a wide variety of technical support, including in the field. The type of questions depends on the contractor’s level of experience, says Brian Kibiger, director of drives and controls marketing for Franklin Electric, a Bluffton, Indiana-based manufacturer of products that comprise the complete water and fueling system. “If the contractor is experienced with the drive or drives, in general their questions tend not to be so much those initial questions as to installation and application, but how do I tune this drive so that it runs optimum for my system,” he says. Other questions range from how to change the display so it reads “psi” as opposed to “Hz” to whether the wire size is correct. “An experienced contractor will ask what value should I see when the drive is running,” Kibiger says. “The lesser experienced contractor is still focused on getting the drive running and becoming familiar with the software, so that kind of call is more intense and requires us to start from scratch and walk through the process step by step.” Regardless of the type of Franklin Electric drive, support is offered free of charge to the company’s customers. “In the drives industry, especially in the water well industry, that support is heavily desired because we’ve been in the drives business for more than 15 years,” Kibiger says, “and we’re gaining more knowledge on drives as applied to water well applications. “I would say the number of site visits we do may go down, but our calls for assistance have remained steady.” WWJ waterwelljournal.com

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OFFICIAL WORLDWIDE DISTRIBUTORS 2012 Water Well Journal.indd 1

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2012 Pump Buyers Guide Aermotor/Pentair 293 Wright St. Delavan, WI 53115 (800) 230-1816 (800) 426-9446 fax info@aermotor.com www.aermotor.com

American West Windmill & Solar

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Aermotor Windmill Co. P.O. Box 5110 San Angelo, TX 76902 (800) 854-1656 (325) 651-4951 aermotor@wcc.net www.aermotorwindmill.com Brand names manufactured under: Aermotor Windmills

American Granby 7652 Morgan Rd. Liverpool, NY 13090 (800) 776-2266 (800) 729-3299 fax sales@americangranby.com www.americangranby.com

American-Marsh Pumps 185 Progress Rd. Collierville, TN 38017 (901) 860-2300 (901) 860-2320 fax jim.pflugrad@american-marsh.com www.american-marsh.com Brand names manufactured under: American-Marsh, Delta, J Line, NOVO

P.O. Box 340 Abernathy, TX 79311 (888) 535-4788 (806) 298-5746 awwasc@gpeldt.com www.awwasc.com Brand names manufactured under: American West Windmills, Lorentz Solar Pumps, Midland Well Cylinders See our ad on outside back cover

A.Y. McDonald Manufacturing Co. P.O. Box 508 Dubuque, IA 52004 (563) 583-7311 (800) 292-2737 fax pumps@aymcdonald.com www.aymcdonald.com Brand names manufactured under: Duramac, McDonald See our ad on page 2

AMS Inc. 105 Harrison St. American Falls, ID 83211 (800) 635-7330 (208) 226-2017 (208) 226-7280 fax ams@ams-samplers.com www.ams-samplers.com Brand names manufactured under: AMS

Armstrong Machine Co. Inc. 201 Southwest 7th St. Pocahontas, IA 50574 (800) 831-4527 (712) 335-4131 (712) 335-4565 fax amci@armstrongmachine.com www.armstrongmachine.com

Baker Water Systems â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Monitor 133 Enterprise St. Evansville, WI 53536 (608) 882-5100 (608) 882-6776 fax monitorsales@baker-mfg.com www.bakermonitor.com Brand names manufactured under: Monitor See our ad on page 20

Berkeley/Pentair 293 Wright St. Delavan, WI 53115 (888) 237-5353 (800) 321-8793 fax www.berkeleypumps.com Brand names manufactured under: Berkeley

(Other*â&#x20AC;&#x201D;describes a pump type or feature not shown on the grid beginning on page 36.) 30/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

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ChemGrout Inc. 805 East 31st St. LaGrange Park, IL 60526 (708) 354-7112 (708) 354-3881 fax info@chemgrout.com www.chemgrout.com

Clean Earth Technology Inc. 445 Long Point Rd. North Ferrisburgh, VT 05473 (802) 425-3710 (802) 425-2896 fax info@cleanearth.biz www.cleanearth.biz (Other*—High viscosity pump)

C.R.I. Pumps (Pvt) Ltd. 7/46-1 Keeeranatham Rd. Saravanampatti, Coimbatore 641035 India +91-422-3911610 +91-422-391600 fax cri@criexports.com www.cripumps.com

Geo-Loop Inc.

Flint & Walling 95 North Oak St. Kendallville, IN 46755 (260) 347-1600 (260) 347-6664 fax inquiry@flintandwalling.com www.flintandwalling.com

Flowserve 1341 West 2nd St. Hastings, NE 68901 (800) 437-8671 (402) 462-8512 fax www.flowserve.com Brand names manufactured under: Byron Jackson, Flowserve, Pleuger, Western Land Roller, Worthington

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Geoprobe Systems 601 North Broadway Salina, KS 67401 (800) 436-7762 (785) 825-2097 fax info@geoprobe.com www.geoprobe.com Brand names manufactured under: Geoprobe See our ads on pages 13 and 55

Geotech Environmental Equipment Inc.

DAB Water Technology

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Brand names manufactured under: Geo-Loop

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3226 Benchmark Dr. Ladson, SC 29456 (843) 797-5002 (843) 797-3366 joel.rackley@dwtgroup.com www.dabpumps.com

316 East 9th St. Aurelia, IA 51005 (712) 434-2125 (712) 434-2115 fax jeff@geo-loop.com www.geo-loop.com

Franklin Electric 400 East Spring St. Bluffton, IN 46714 (260) 827-5672 (260) 827-5801 fax hotline@fele.com www.franklin-electric.com

2650 East 40th Ave. Denver, CO 80205 (800) 833-7958 (303) 322-7242 fax sales@geotechenv.com www.geotechenv.com Brand names manufactured under: Geotech

Brand names manufactured under: FPS, J-Class, Little Giant, Schaefer, Water Horse See our ad on page 14

Fred’s Water Service Inc. 2638 Townline Rd. Madison, OH 44057 (440) 259-5436 (440) 259-4795 fax fred@fwservice.com www.fwservice.com Brand names manufactured under: Du-All Pumps

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Goulds Water Technology 2881 East Bayard St. Seneca Falls, NY 13148 (847) 983-5671 www.completewatersystems.com/ brands/goulds Brand names manufactured under: Goulds Water Technology

Water Well Journal May 2012 31/

Grundfos Pumps Corp. 17100 West 118th Terrace Olathe, KS 66061 (913) 227-3400 www.grundfos.us Brand names manufactured under: Grundfos, PACO, Peerless See our ad on inside front cover

Indar Mรกquinas Hidrรกulicas Barrio Altamira, Pol. Txara S/N Beasain, Spain 20200 +34-943-028200 +34-943-028203 fax indarmh@indar.ingeteam.com www.indarpump.com See our ad on page 69

Hitachi America Ltd. 1000 Marina Blvd. Brisbane, CA 94005 (650) 244-7673 (650) 244-7600 fax www.hitachi-america.us

Hydroflo Pumps USA Inc. 7118 Loblolly Pine Blvd. Fairview, TN 37062 (615) 799-9662 (615) 799-5654 fax www.hydroflopumps.com Brand names manufactured under: Hydroflo Pumps USA See our ad on page 25

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Lancaster Pump & Water Treatment 1340 Manheim Pike Lancaster, PA 17601 (717) 397-3521 (717) 392-0266 fax joshwenzel@lancasterpump.com www.lancasterpump.com Brand names manufactured under: City Boss, Keystone, Premier Pressure, Survivor

Brand names manufactured under: Hydromatic

32/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

Kroegerskoppel 7 D-24558 Henstedt-Ulzburg, Germany +49 (0) 4193-7548-0 +49 (0) 4193-7548-29 fax marketing@lorentz.de www.lorentz.de Brand names manufactured under: Lorentz See our ad on outside back cover

Milton Roy Co. 201 Ivyland Rd. Ivyland, PA 18974 (215) 441-0800 (215) 441-8620 fax info@miltonroy.com www.miltonroy-americas.com Brand names manufactured under: Centrac, MacRoy, Milton Roy, mRoy, PrimeRoyal, WilRoy

Liberty Process Equipment Inc. 2525 Clearbrook Dr. Arlington Heights, IL 60005 (847) 640-7867 (847) 640-7855 fax sales@libertyprocess.com www.libertyprocess.com

Hydromatic/Pentair 293 Wright St. Delavan, WI 53115 (888) 957-8677 (800) 426-9446 fax info.hydromatic@pentair.com www.hydromatic.com

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Liberty Pumps 7000 Apple Tree Ave. Bergen, NY 14416 (800) 543-2550 (585) 494-1839 fax liberty@libertypuumps.com www.libertypumps.com

MudPuppy International P.O. Box 2675 Apple Valley CA 92307 (760) 961-1160 (760) 961-1126 fax sales@tibban.com www.mudpuppyinfo.com Brand names manufactured under: Sand Guzzler See our ad on page 22

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Pentair Flow Technologies

Mud Technology International Inc. P.O. Box 509 Athens, TX 75751 (903) 675-3240 (903) 675-7837 fax info@mud-tech.com www.mud-tech.com Brand names manufactured under: Mud Technology International See our ad on page 16

Myers/Pentair 293 Wright St. Delavan, WI 53115 (888) 987-8677 (800) 426-9446 fax www.femyers.com Brand names manufactured under: Myers

National Oilwell Varco 11300 Windfern Rd. Houston, TX 77064 (281) 517-3100 (281) 517-0340 fax mission@nov.com www.nov.com/mission Brand names manufactured under: Bear, Gaso, Halco, Magnum, Mission, National, Oilwell, Wheatley, 2500 Supreme

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National Pump Co. 7706 North 71st Ave. Glendale, AZ 85303 (623) 979-3560 (623) 979-2177 fax info@natlpump.com www.nationalpumpcompany.com Brand names manufactured under: National Pump Company

293 Wright St. Delavan, WI 53115 (262) 728-5551 (262) 728-7323 fax www.pentair.com Brand names manufactured under: Aermotor, Berkeley, Hydromatic, Myers, Pentek, Sta-Rite

Pentek/Pentair 293 Wright St. Delavan, WI 53115 (866) 973-6835 (800) 426-9446 www.pumps.com Brand names manufactured under: Pentek

Pompco Inc. 345 North Labbe Blvd. Victoriaville, QC Canada G6P 1B1 (800) 263-1581 (819) 758-1581 (819) 758-4837 fax service@pompco.com www.pompco.com Brand names manufactured under: Pompco

Robbco Pumps Inc. 12610 North FM 400 Idalou, TX 79329 (806) 749-7475 (806) 892-2922 fax brobb@robbcopumps.com www.robbcopumps.com See our ad on page 57

Rovatti Pompe S.p.A. Via Trento 22/24 42042-Fabbrico (Reggio Emilia) Italy +39-0522-665000 +39-0522-665020 fax info@rovatti.it www.rovatti.it

Saer Elettropompe S.p.A. Via Circonvallazione 22 Guastalla (RE) 42016 Italy +39-0522-830941 +39-0522-826948 fax info@saer.it www.saerelettropompe.com

Pulsafeeder Inc. 27101 Airport Rd. Punta Gorda, FL 33982 (941) 575-3800 (941) 575-4085 fax pulsa@idexcorp.com www.pulsatron.com Brand names manufactured under: Chem-Tech, Mec-O-Matic, Omni, Pulsatron

R.E. Rupe Co. 441 West Keota St. Ottumwa, IA 52501 (641) 682-7029 rerupeco@cisco.com www.rupepumps.com

Shakti Pumps (India) Plot 401, Sector 3 Pithampur, M.P. India +91-7292-410500 +91-7869-959658 +91-7292-407044 fax info@shaktipumps.com www.shaktipumps.com Brand names manufactured under: Shakti See our ad on page 46

Brand names manufactured under: Rupe Pumps

See our ad on page 49

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Water Well Journal May 2012 33/

Shanley Pump and Equipment Inc. 2525 South Clearbrook Dr. Arlington Heights, TX 60005 (847) 439-9200 (847) 439-9388 fax sales@shanleypump.com www.shanleypump.com

SRS Crisafulli Inc. 1610 Crisafulli Dr P.O. Box 1051 Glendive, MT 59330 (406) 365-3393 (406) 365-8088 fax srsc@crisafulli.com www.crisafullipumps.com

Brand names manufactured under: EDUR, Hilge, OSNA, SEIM, Speck

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Simple Pump Co. 1140 Amarillo Dr. Gardnerville, NV 89460 (877) 492-8711 (775) 265-4908 info@simplepump.com www.simplepump.com (Other*—Lever-arm backup beside existing submersible, lever-arm convertible to solar)

No. 3-8, Sanchial Tsun Lutsao Hsiang Chiayi Hsien 611, Taiwan 886-5-375 0488 886-5-375 2330 fax stairs@stairs.com.tw www.stairs.com.tw Brand names manufactured under: Stairs (Other*—Tank)

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SMP Pumps 8901 Highway 87, Unit #16 Lubbock, TX 79423 (806) 748-6040 (806) 748-6050 fax jeremy@smppumps.com www.smppumps.com Brand names manufactured under: SMP Pumps See our ad on page 53

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SunRotor Solar Products 301 West 12th St. Elk City, OK 73644 (866) 246-7652 (580) 225-1120 chris@sunrotor.com www.sunrotor.com Brand names manufactured under: SunRotor

Swiss Pump Co. AG Moosweg 36 3645 Thun-Gwatt, Switzerland +41-33-223-1100 +41-33-223-1122 fax mail@swisspump.com www.swisspump.com Brand names manufactured under: Swiss Pump Company

293 Wright St. Delavan, WI 53115 (888) 782-7483 (800) 426-9446 fax www.sta-rite.com Brand names manufactured under: Sta-Rite

Stenner Pump Co. 3174 Desalvo Rd. Jacksonville, FL 32246 (904) 641-1666 (904) 642-1012 fax sales@stenner.com www.stenner.com

Unitra Inc. 12601 Exchange Dr. Stafford, TX 77477 (281) 240-1500 (281) 240-4334 fax unitra@unitrainc.com www.unitrainc.com Brand names manufactured under: Unitra See our ad on page 5

Solinst Canada Ltd. 35 Todd Rd. Georgetown, ON Canada L7G 4R8 (905) 873-2255 (905) 873-1992 fax instruments@solinst.com www.solinst.com (Other*—Bladder pumps, double valve pumps, inertial pumps) See our ad on page 15 34/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

Sumoto S.r.l. Via Peripoli ReG 1/3 36075 Alte di Montecchio, Italy +39-0444-490515 +39-0444-490518 fax info@sumoto.com www.sumoto.com See our ad on page 11

Webtrol Pumps 8417 New Hampshire Ave. St. Louis, MO 63123 (314) 631-9200 (314) 631-1804 fax help@webtrol.com www.webtrol.com Brand names manufactured under: Webtrol waterwelljournal.com

Well Pumps S.A. Avenue de Lambusart 18 6220 Fleures, Belgium +32-7146-0783 +32-7146-0771 fax info@wellpumps.be www.wellpumps.be Brand names manufactured under: WPS, WPS-CP

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Circle card no. 26

Brand names manufactured under: 4HS, TWI, TWU3

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Circle card no. 38

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal May 2012 35/

2012 Pump Buyers Guide

Aermotor/Pentair Aermotor Windmill American Granby American-Marsh Pumps American West Windmill & Solar AMS Armstrong Machine A.Y. McDonald Mfg. Baker Water Systems– Monitor Berkeley/Pentair ChemGrout Clean Earth Technology C.R.I. Pumps DAB Water Technology Flint & Walling Flowserve Franklin Electric Fred’s Water Service Geo-Loop Geoprobe Systems Geotech Environmental Equipment Goulds Water Technology Grundfos Pumps Hitachi America Hydroflo Pumps USA

36/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

Package Lift Station

Mud

Mini Bladder Direct Push

Metering

Magnetic Drive Sealless

Leachate

Jet Adapters

Jet

Injection

Inline Chemical Mixers

Hydrostatic Test

Hand and Pitcher

Grinder

Diaphragm

Cylinders

Corrosive Environments 316 SS Pumps

Controllerless Pneumatic

Constant Pressure

Chemical Feed

Company Name

Booster

Pump Types Manufactured

Windmills

Well Seal Vents

Wastewater/Sewage

Submersible

Jet

5–90 gpm

8–25 gpm

n/a

⻬

n/a

⻬

100–12,000 gpm

n/a

1–650 gpm

n/a

5–1000 gpm

5–15.5 gpm

n/a

5–90 gpm

8–25 gpm

n/a

5–1000 gpm

n/a

5–2000 gpm

0–30 gpm

5–400 gpm

5–22 gpm

n/a

5–125 gpm

5–30 gpm

n/a

Other

⻬

Vertical Turbine

⻬

Transfer Recirculation

Submersible, Motors

⻬

Sump

Submersible, Industrial/Irrigation

⻬

Submersible, Domestic

Sprinkler

Solar

Slurry

Side Slope Riser– Horizontal/Vertical

Pump Sizes

Septic/Effluent Filters

Sampling/Monitoring

Remediation

Reciprocating/Centrifugal

Positive Displacement– Piston/Plunger

Peristaltic

Pump Types Manufactured

⻬⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

* ⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

* ⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

5–320 gpm

1.5–28 gpm

⻬

1–2500 gpm

1–49 gpm

n/a

5–5000 gpm

n/a

⻬⻬

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

⻬

* * — See under company’s information on page 31.

Water Well Journal May 2012 37/

2012 Pump Buyers Guide

Hydromatic/Pentair Indar Mรกquinas Hidrรกulicas Lancaster Pump & Water Treatment Liberty Process Equipment Liberty Pumps Lorentz Milton Roy MudPuppy International Mud Technology International Myers/Pentair National Oilwell Varco National Pump Pentair Flow Technologies Pentek/Pentair Pompco Pulsafeeder R.E. Rupe Robbco Pumps Rovatti Pompe Saer Elettropompe Shakti Pumps (India) Shanley Pump and Equipment Simple Pump SMP Pumps Solinst Canada

38/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

Package Lift Station

Mud

Mini Bladder Direct Push

Metering

Magnetic Drive Sealless

Leachate

Jet Adapters

Jet

Injection

Inline Chemical Mixers

Hydrostatic Test

Hand and Pitcher

Grinder

Diaphragm

Cylinders

Corrosive Environments 316 SS Pumps

Controllerless Pneumatic

Constant Pressure

Chemical Feed

Company Name

Booster

Pump Types Manufactured

⻬

Windmills

Well Seal Vents

n/a

200–35,000 gpm

n/a

5–90 gpm

1–31 gpm

⻬

n/a

⻬

n/a

1–650 gpm

n/a

0–500 gpm

n/a

⻬

5–90 gpm

8–25 gpm

⻬

n/a

5–20,000 gpm

5–64 gpm

5–90 gpm

8–25 gpm

n/a

5–230 gpm

3–24 gpm

n/a

40–10,000 gpm

n/a

8–4000 gpm

n/a

Other

Jet

⻬

⻬⻬

Submersible

⻬

Wastewater/Sewage

Vertical Turbine

Transfer Recirculation

Sump

Submersible, Motors

Submersible, Industrial/Irrigation

Submersible, Domestic

Sprinkler

Solar

Slurry

Side Slope Riser– Horizontal/Vertical

Pump Sizes

Septic/Effluent Filters

Sampling/Monitoring

Remediation

Reciprocating/Centrifugal

Positive Displacement– Piston/Plunger

Peristaltic

Pump Types Manufactured

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬⻬

⻬

2–1983 gpm

n/a

⻬

7–1100 gpm

n/a

5–2200 gpm

n/a

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

* * * — See under company’s information on page 34.

Water Well Journal May 2012 39/

2012 Pump Buyers Guide

Package Lift Station

Mud

Mini Bladder Direct Push

Metering

Magnetic Drive Sealless

Leachate

Jet Adapters

Jet

Injection

Inline Chemical Mixers

Hydrostatic Test

Hand and Pitcher

Grinder

Diaphragm

Cylinders

Corrosive Environments 316 SS Pumps

Controllerless Pneumatic

Constant Pressure

Chemical Feed

Company Name

Booster

Pump Types Manufactured

⻬

SRS Crisafulli Stairs Industrial

⻬

Sta-Rite/Pentair

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

Stenner Pump Sumoto SunRotor Solar Products Swiss Pump

⻬

Unitra Webtrol Pumps

⻬⻬

⻬

Well Pumps

⻬

Whale Water Systems

⻬

WILO USA

⻬

⻬⻬⻬

⻬

Windmill 702 Wolf Pumps

40/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

⻬⻬

⻬

Other

Windmills

Well Seal Vents

Wastewater/Sewage

Vertical Turbine

Transfer Recirculation

Sump

Submersible, Motors

Submersible, Industrial/Irrigation

Submersible, Domestic

Sprinkler

Solar

Slurry

Side Slope Riser– Horizontal/Vertical

Pump Sizes

Septic/Effluent Filters

Sampling/Monitoring

Remediation

Reciprocating/Centrifugal

Positive Displacement– Piston/Plunger

Peristaltic

Pump Types Manufactured

⻬

Submersible

Jet

200–18,000 gpm

n/a

5–1100 gpm

n/a

5–9 gpm

8–25 gpm

n/a

3–25 gpm

n/a

10–2000 gpm

10–1000 gpm

5–650 gpm

12–20 gpm

2–1500 gpm

2–17 gpm

2–700 gpm

n/a

0.1–4.16 gpm

n/a

5–20,000 gpm

3–25 gpm

n/a

50–1000 gpm

n/a

* — See under company’s information on page 34.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal May 2012 41/

Water Well Journal’s Special Section for the Southeast ater Well Journal knows that industry professionals face some issues that are unique to their immediate area. That’s why it has created this special section for those working in the groundwater industry in the southeastern region of the United States. Only professionals in your region are receiving this section of WWJ. The articles and advertising are just for you.

One feature article focuses on how keeping an orderly job site promotes safety. Another is an interview with Ronald B. Peterson of Baroid Industrial Drilling Products, headquartered in Houston, Texas. WWJ hopes this section proves to be beneficial for you and your business! WWJ

夝

Feature Articles

Special Section Advertisers Card No./ Page

3 Keeping Your House in Order

Austin Pump and Supply

(800) 252-9692 www.austinpump.com

By Mike Price

Practicing good housekeeping on the job site is essential for preventing safety accidents. 7 WATER WELL JOURNAL Q & A Ronald B. Peterson, Baroid Industrial Drilling Products

Barrett Supply Co.

Southland Pipe & Supply 76

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Toney Drilling Supplies Inc. 77

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Major Turbine Pump & Supply Bill Rardin Toll Free 800-656-1473 Phone: 478-275-7666 Fax: 478-275-7667 Email: sales@majorturbine.com

Water Well Journal Special Section 1/

Circle card no. 76

Photo courtesy WDC Exploration & Wells

Keeping Your House in Order Practicing good housekeeping on the job site is essential for preventing safety accidents. By Mike Price very detail matters in today’s work environment. Take a clean job site for example. It seems straightforward, but housekeeping affects much more than just slips, trips, and falls. Good housekeeping in vehicles helps during a Department of Transportation roadside inspection. A neat truck is more likely to get waved through or receive a clear inspection. Keeping a tidy vehicle cab is crucial because a bottle or can may roll out from under the seat and block the brake pedal or accelerator. In

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an accident, loose objects in the cab can become deadly projectiles. The same for a neat and clean job site in the event of a safety inspection, whether it’s by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the local fire department, or other type of safety inspection. Fire, environmental, and general chemical hazards/incidents can be reduced with good housekeeping. “That first impression of being neat and clean goes a long way to influencing the outcome of the inspection,” says Jim Wright, director of health and safety for WDC Exploration & Wells in Shawnee, Kansas. Wright chairs the National Ground Water Association’s Safety Subcommittee. Housekeeping also improves work efficiency and production. Knowing where your tools and supplies are and being able to get to them quickly saves time and money. What’s more, good

housekeeping can improve tool and equipment life. Taking care of equipment and keeping it clean makes it last longer and saves money. Case in point. While reaching for a box on a messy shelf, a worker might not see the hammer that gets knocked off onto their head, or that bottle of paint thinner that falls off the shelf and spills. Reports of contractors reaching into a cluttered toolbox for penetrating oil and accidentally engaging the spray can because the lid came off are not uncommon.

Key Safety Points to Consider Joe Neri, owner/operator of All Star Drilling and Probing in Laurence Harbor, New Jersey, who sits on NGWA’s Safety Subcommittee, points out three things to consider.

HOUSEKEEPING/continues on page 4 Water Well Journal Special Section 3/

HOUSEKEEPING/from page 3 1. From an environmental point of view, the importance of possible cross contamination needs to be addressed. If the job site is a mess, there is a good possibility someone could be spreading contamination from one area to another. 2. From a safety standpoint, keeping a clean job site will help prevent slips, trips, and falls. It will also help prevent workers from being put in the line of fire. 3. From an equipment and tooling perspective, they’ll always work best and last longest when clean and organized. “I have always taken a lot of pride in running a clean, organized drill and job site and stress this to my guys daily before they go out in the field,” Neri says. “You can tell a lot about someone just by the way they keep their job site organized. Be safe and organized. By keeping your site clean, this will help you to be more efficient.” Other points to consider are that housekeeping affects relationships—

Studies show a safer job site results in higher employee morale, which improves productivity. Photo courtesy WDC Exploration & Wells

those between the general contractor and the client and a working relationship between a subcontractor and the general contractor. Poor housekeeping by a subcontractor can also lead the general contractor to believe the subcontractor is not taking pride in the project itself, and can even

affect the insurance rates of the subcontractor as well.

Safety Products There are many safety products designed to keep job sites clean in the groundwater industry, including a fairly new technique for sediment control to

est. 1954

4/ Special Section Water Well Journal

Circle card no. 71

waterwelljournal.com

meet the requirements needed for well construction. Sediment filter bags have commonly been used on small bridge construction jobs where space is not available to construct a sedimentation basin. Muddy, sediment-laden water is discharged into a sediment filter bag where the suspended sediment is contained. The sediment-free water (almost all of it) discharges through the walls of the bag and flows into the stream. Frank Roberts & Sons Inc. of Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, has been manufacturing the sediment filter bags for 10 years. The most common size filter bag (6¼ feet wide by 15 feet long) is made of non-woven geotextile fabric and is rated for an initial water flow rate of 800 gallons per minute. “In drilling operations, just the nature of the drilling bit and the uniformed rock they’re going through in layers, they produce all the particles that are all very fine and very uniform and tend to build up and pack together and restrict flow,” Roberts says.

“That first impression of being neat and clean goes a long way to influencing the outcome of the inspection.” “That’s why you’ll see a lot of drillers beat the bags to dislodge those particles that are building up on the inside of the bag and allow them to realign and increase the life of the bag. It’s difficult to sell one product with one average opening size across the country to satisfy all applications.” The size of sediment filter bags ranges from 5 feet by 6 feet to 60 feet by 60 feet. Bags can even be as large as 12 feet by 300 feet. “Everybody wants a site that doesn’t allow any sediment runoff off site,” Roberts says. “The cleaner you can keep it the better it looks, the safer it is, and you don’t have sediment all over the place. It’s a more contained area, so it’s been widely accepted.” The use of a 6¼ feet by 15 feet bag was demonstrated recently at a field

conference hosted by the Pennsylvania Ground Water Association. Drilling in shale, the hammer drill rig created the typical size chips along with sand, silt, and clay size particles. Some of the silt and clay was of natural origin from within the fractures and bedding planes of the shale bedrock. “Even the surges of water and the blasts of air when the rods were changed didn’t affect the filter bag,” the PGWA reported in its newsletter. “The water seeping from the filter bag was muddy in appearance, but contained only clay size particles.” The day after the demonstration, a drilling crew used a forklift to pick up the filter bag and carry it away. The bag didn’t split or burst when lifted and the field grass beneath had little fine sediment on it.

Good Financial Sense Numerous injuries that happen on the job and require an employee to be on restricted duty, depending on the severity of the injury, can affect the contractor’s

HOUSEKEEPING/continues on page 6

SOUTHEAST BIT COMPANY, INC. Serving the Water Well, Horizontal, Geothermal, Construction, and Exploration Industries. • Bits

• TCI button or milltooth

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Circle card no. 75

Water Well Journal Special Section 5/

HOUSEKEEPING/from page 5 EMR (Experience Modification Rate) or the contractor’s DART (Days Away, Restricted or Transferred). This in itself could affect the subcontractor’s insurance for three to five years. Though

poor housekeeping habits might not necessarily result in a fatality, it might cause a recordable injury, meaning time away from the job.

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6/ Special Section Water Well Journal

“Ankle, foot, and knee injuries tend to be the result of poor housekeeping,” says Scott Honer, corporate safety and health director for Vee-Jay Cement Contracting Co. Inc. in St. Louis, Missouri. “Due to a financially strapped economy, housekeeping tends to take a backseat to productivity.” A typical response from employees can be, “We’ll clean it up when we have time.” Under OSHA’s General Duty Clause, the contractor must provide a safe, healthful working environment, free of recognized hazards. The employee also has a responsibility. The employee should notify the contractor when there are hazards and if possible reduce the hazard. Management commitment and job site hazard recognition on a regular basis is the key to success. Finally, employee training makes for a safer job site. “General contractors, subcontractors, employees, and even the client can benefit from a safer workplace,” Honer says. “Studies have shown a safer job site results in higher employee morale, which improves productivity. The time spent on housekeeping will benefit your workplace.” WWJ

Circle card no. 72

An assortment of NGWA products are available for you to use and stay safe at the job site in NGWA’s Bookstore at www.NGWA.org. Everything from DVDs to safety manuals to safety sheets can be found in the bookstore. Detailed discussions on safety are now easy to have with Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry. A set of 52 sheets printed on two-part carbonless paper, it is designed to enable companies to have weekly safety meetings on a different industry-specific subject each week of the year. Each sheet contains talking points, and areas to write down related topics and employee recommendations, and employee and manager signatures. Among the subjects are hearing conservation, proper blocking of drill and pump service equipment, properly storing fiber rope, and safety from falling objects. waterwelljournal.com

WATER WELL JOURNAL Q & A

Ronald B. Peterson Baroid Industrial Drilling Products ater well Journal regularly interviews groundwater professionals throughout the year. For this special supplement geared toward the Southeast, we thought it would be a good idea to catch up with someone from Baroid Industrial Drilling Products, headquartered in Houston, Texas. Ronald B. Peterson has worked for Baroid for 35 years. In that time, he has worked with water well and oil applications. He was a member of the original team that expanded the Baroid Quik-Gel distributor Ronald B. Peterson organization into the industrial drilling market as Baroid Industrial Drilling Products. He has also worked in the field and given presentations addressing drilling fluid topics in North and South America, Europe, and the Middle East. A member of the National Ground Water Association for 33 years, he currently works as a senior account representative based in South Jordan, Utah. Water Well Journal: Baroid was one of the suppliers that was a part of the Nebraska Grout Study that was formed in 2001 and is still ongoing. What do you think is the biggest piece of information to come from that research so far? Ronald B. Peterson: We have always recognized that cement seals shrink and crack; to that end we developed other grouting and sealing systems to mitigate the problem. Most of our developmental work, verifying processes and testing, was conducted in the lab. Our observations in our lab work indicated that bentonite grouts would shrink and crack when they dried out, but would then rehydrate and seal when water was made available to them. We had wondered what the long-term status of the grouting column would be.

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The Nebraska tests provided us a medium where we could actually see what was happening in the subsurface. We were not surprised to see the shrinking and cracking in the vadose zone; we had always suspected this was the case and recommended that only chipped bentonite be used in the vadose zone to compensate for that phenomenon. We were surprised to see the extent of cracking of the grout column in the water table and the fact that the bentonite did not reseal itself. The fact that the cement also cracked did not surprise us, but simply verified our previous understanding. We were pleased that none of the chipped bentonite seals failed and allowed leakage past them. One of the things we confirmed was that the better the quality of the sealing material and the higher the solids content, the more competent the seal; that is why the chipped bentonite was so effective at 60% to 70% +/â&#x20AC;&#x201C; solids. The results validated the importance of the chipped bentonite seal at the top of the aquifer. The overall results of the study verify the fact that we still have a lot of work to do in finding the ultimate grout or seal for boreholes in general in order to protect our water. WWJ: Is it safe to say that the study has led to advancements in the grouting industry over the last few years? Have these advancements led to new products? Peterson: The industry has long been working on more effective grouting systems to advance the grouting industry. Grouts by nature have many tradeoffs; they have to be effective over an indefinite period of time, they have to be capable of being put in place effectively with a reasonable amount of effort, and they have to be affordable. The materials that are used to develop grouts by nature have an indefinite life expectancy due to the source of the material and the minimal lack of al-

teration. Placement of the grout is more problematic, but the industry has again stepped up and developed equipment that is capable of more effectively placing the materials as they are developed. The most expensive seal is any seal that does not work; we need to educate the industry and the public as to the need for competent annular seal and well abandonment products. The industry has been working on improvements to the grouting systems from the initial development of bentonite grouts and has realized a fair amount of success. We are far ahead of where we were in the beginning and the study simply reinforced the fact that we need to continue working to improve what we have. There have been new products developed since the study was started; some of them were already in progress, and some of them have been modified to address the discoveries of the study. WWJ: The initial study tested three basic recipes. A total of 18 different recipes and nine new products were being tested after results of the first study were released in 2009. Do you have any news on those results? Peterson: The data collection and analysis of the new phase of the study is ongoing and it is premature to discuss the results at this time. It appears that we are moving in the correct direction with our efforts and will be pleased to announce the results once we are satisfied that we have resolved some of the issues that were discovered during the initial and subsequent tests. One of the areas where there has been much advancement is in the geothermal loop grouts. The geothermal grouts by nature are much higher in solids than previous grouts and one of the findings of the study was that the higher the solids content, the more competent the seal.

PETERSON/continues on page 8 Water Well Journal Special Section 7/

PETERSON/from page 7 WWJ: Can you tell us how you think the grouting industry has changed over the last few years with regard to more drillers entering the geothermal market? Peterson: The development of geothermal grouts has provided us with new technology about seals in general. They are higher in solids in order to be effective in heat transfer, and as a result are more difficult to place. The water well market is depressed at this time as a result of the economy and many water well drillers are diversifying and entering the geothermal market. This coupled with the new drillers entering the market has made it increasingly cost competitive. WWJ: Since it is a relatively new market, what type of advice can you give contractors considering entering the geothermal industry? Is there a single obstacle that stands out among the rest? Peterson: The best advice I can give is to make sure that you are aware of the costs of entering the market and are properly equipped financially and technologically to do so. Do not try to “poor boy” it by cutting costs on equipment or training to do the job profitably. This includes both you and your personnel. Nothing can be more devastating than getting well into a project only to find that you do not have the correct equipment or training to complete the job. This alone can cripple at best or cause the failure of a potentially rewarding career. Your goal in entering the market should be to do the job in a proper manner to ensure success of the project and provide you with financial rewards to enable you to successfully continue. This can only be achieved by making sure that you are adequately trained and properly equipped.

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8/ Special Section Water Well Journal

Circle card no. 73

WWJ: How important is professional development in terms of contractors using grout materials properly? Peterson: Professional development is crucial to understand how to use grout or any other tool successfully. The industry understands this and there are many ways to get the appropriate training. Most vendors are dedicated in making sure that their products function as designed, and are capable and willing to provide training to ensure your success and the success of their products. In addition, there are industry organizations such as NGWA that are equally committed to success of the industry and help provide or facilitate the appropriate training for the industry. WWJ: It’s hard to believe that just more than 20 years ago some contractors didn’t use grout. Where do you see grout technology going the next 20 years? Peterson: This is an interesting question. Our technology in general seems to exponentially develop as we move forward. The tools we have to analyze data and develop hypotheses are so efficient that we are probably only limited by our own minds. I see constant improvement in the existing technology and the potential of new technology that we aren’t even aware of today. Only 2 percent of the earth’s water is potable and the increasing population is placing an ever higher demand on that in terms of usage and of trying to maintain its quality. There are only two things that we absolutely cannot exist without— air and water. We have to get better at protecting the water for future generations. WWJ: The slow economy has affected everyone in the groundwater industry. What kind of advice would you give someone to survive these tough times? Peterson: More than anything else we need to be aware of our cost of doing business. I would suggest that we all need to be aware of the trends in the industry and the needs of our customers. We need to help our customers by providing appropriate solutions to resolve their needs in a cost-effective manner. We need to be involved in the industry organizations to help us stay on top of trends in the industry and maintain ourselves and our company on the cutting edge. If we hear of potential regulatory changes, we need to get involved so that we can have a voice. If we do not get involved, the regulations that emerge may be such that we either cannot comply with them or we will have to purchase equipment and/or significantly change our way of doing business in order to comply. WWJ: Lastly, what do you think are the critical issues facing the water well drilling industry today? Peterson:We must take care of our own business and maintain an acceptable level of profitability. Being aware of industry trends, including regulatory changes and being involved in their development. The primary reason the regulations evolve is to force us to do what we should have been doing already or as a result of a lack of understanding of the industry. We need to make sure that regulators understand our industry and our operational limitations. There is no excuse for not completing the job in the best manner possible using currently available technology and equipment. WWJ

waterwelljournal.com

By Ed Butts, PE, CPI

Groundwater Treatment Part 5(c). Secondary Contaminants Treatment

ver the past two months we’ve been exploring the many types of contaminants known to impact the quality of drinking water, those commonly referred to as “secondary contaminants.” This month, we’ll conclude this subseries with an overview on some of the many interfering substances that can impact the removal or deactivation of this group of common contaminants. We will also take a look at miscellaneous design considerations and the need for third-party certification of treatment equipment.

Sequestration Sequestration is adding one or more specific chemicals into a raw water supply from a groundwater or surface water source, and which intend to control many of the problems caused by iron and manganese or calcium hardness without actually removing them. These chemicals are typically added to groundwater at the wellhead, the pump suction inlet, or before a hydropneumatic pressure tank, principally before the water has had a chance to oxidize (come in contact with air or chlorine). This ensures the iron and manganese remain in a soluble ferrous or manganous form or, in the case of hardness, before the calcium or magnesium in the raw water has had an opportunity to precipitate. If the water contains less than 1 mg/L of iron and less than 0.3 mg/L of manganese, the injection of polyphosphates followed by chlorination can often be an effective and inexpensive method to ease several of the more common iron and manganese problems associated with staining and taste issues. Below these respective concentrations, the polyphosphates combine with the iron and manganese to prevent them from oxidizing. Any of the three common polyphosphates (pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, or metaphosphate) can be used. However, there are guidelines provided by manufacturers and suppliers to assist with product selection and applicaEd Butts, PE, CPI, is the chief engineer at 4B Engineering & Consulting, Salem, Oregon. He has more than 35 years experience in the water well business, specializing in engineering and business management. He can be reached at epbpe@juno.com.

42/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

tion. Trial (jar) testing is often required to determine the best chemical and dosage levels. Applying sodium silicate and chlorine simultaneously has also been used to sequester iron and manganese. But, while this technique is reliable in the case of iron treatment, it has not been found to be nearly as effective in the control of manganese. Although the use of sequestrants is sometimes seen and presented as a viable option for a low-cost solution to iron and manganese control, their use is very limited to specific applications, and their success is generally limited to smaller water systems. Traditionally, the ongoing and successful use of sequestration has been mostly limited to industrial applications such as boilers and water heaters, where the precipitation of hardness, iron, and manganese ions is more of an identifiable and economic problem and, therefore, easier to match with the use of a specific product. In addition, the use of sequestration methods has been known to occasionally result in the growth or regrowth of various types of bacteria in distribution systems and reservoirs, often resulting in problems with coliform group or heterotrophic bacteria samples and test results in potable water systems.

Water Softening Methods for Iron and Manganese Control Ion exchange should be considered only for the removal of small quantities of iron and manganese (less than 2 mg/L of combined levels). This is due to the very real risk from clogging of the resin bed, caused by any oxidation that may occur before or during the process, since the resulting precipitate can easily coat and foul the resin bed. In this situation, in order to regain the use of the softener, cleaning of the resin would then be required using an acid or sodium bisulfate flushed through the resin bed. Additionally, any application of water softeners that includes iron removal should use a resin and salt designed specifically for iron removal. When iron and manganese are to

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oxidation is sometimes a problem because of the common presence of organic matter in surface water.

ENGINEERING/from page 42 be removed with a water softener, you must calculate a higher relative demand on the softener. This is done by combining the levels of iron and manganese, multiplying by 2, and then adding to the total hardness in grains per gallon (1 gpg = 17.1 mg/L). This is referred to as â&#x20AC;&#x153;compensated hardnessâ&#x20AC;? and is calculated as shown in the following example. Water is tested with 125 mg/L of calcium carbonate hardness and 0.60 mg/L of iron and 0.10 mg/L of manganese.

Hydrogen Sulfide Over the years, the standard treatment for hydrogen sulfide has been aeration followed by degasification, oxidation using chlorine or specialized media in order to reduce the gas to elemental sulfur, or adsorption processes using activated carbon or similar media. Hydrogen sulfide reacts readily with oxidants such as chlorine or ozone to form polysulfides and hydrogen polysulfide. These compounds result in a milky blue suspension of colloidal sulfur, producing a â&#x20AC;&#x153;mustyâ&#x20AC;? or â&#x20AC;&#x153;earthyâ&#x20AC;? taste or an odor similar to that emanating from a rubber tire and a taste similar to that from drinking stale water from a rubber garden hose. This odor may not become apparent until the water is heated and the polysulfide odor is released to the atmosphere. Many of the oxidative/filtration systems previously cited for the removal of iron and manganese are also highly effective for the removal of hydrogen sulfide gas. However, it is important to verify the upper limit of hydrogen sulfide that the specific unit is capable of removing, and if the added demand would compromise treatment of the original problem with iron and manganese.

Calcium carbonate hardness = 125 mg/L Ăˇ 17.1 mg/L (1 gpg) = 7.31 gpg. Iron and manganese = .60 mg/L (Fe) + .10 mg/L (Mn) = .70 mg/L Ă&#x2014; 2 = 1.40 gpg. Compensated hardness (7.31 gpg + 1.40 gpg) = 8.71 gpg The value of 8.71 gpg (149 mg/L) of compensated hardness should be used to calculate the actual demand and design of the softener. Water systems that use a limeâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;soda ash type of water softening plant do not need to use a separate iron and manganese removal system. The high pH incurred during the softening process provides for a rapid oxidation and precipitation of any iron and manganese present as well as incorporation into the calcium and magnesium precipitate stream during backwash. Similarly, surface water treatment plants using conventional filtration methods (such as coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration) will also remove any iron and manganese as long as there is verification the iron and manganese are fully oxidized and precipitate, although complete

Factors Impacting Effective Treatment of Secondary Contaminants The removal of secondary contaminants from potable or process water supplies is often affected by one or more of the

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various chemical and physical characteristics of the raw water. These characteristics are usually interrelated. An accurate and complete water analysis as well as a proper consideration and design for all of the required pretreatment, chemical feed, and filtration systems are essential for a successful outcome. Some of these factors are as follows.

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Time Complete and effective chemical or oxidative reactions are rarely instantaneous. The required detention time following oxidation will determine the completeness and effectiveness of the chemical reaction. Depending on the raw water’s pH level and other oxidant demands present in the water, 5 to 20 minutes may be required to provide complete oxidation and precipitation of iron, and up to two hours may be required for effective oxidation of manganese and hydrogen sulfide.

pH Oxidation rates are considerably slower at lower pH values than at high pH values. The most effective pH range for use with most oxidative media filters is between 6.5–8.5, with the higher range of values required for effective manganese oxidation (verify the actual value with the specific media manufacturer). Depending on the contact time, effective oxidation with chemicals requires a pH greater than 6.8 for iron and 8.5 for manganese. Oxidation by aeration alone can require a pH greater than 7.2 for iron and up to or greater than 9.0 for manganese.

Temperature The oxidation rate is more rapid at higher water temperatures than at lower water temperatures, as the rate of reaction doubles for every 50°F (10°C) increase in temperature.

Total Organic Carbon The oxidation of iron and manganese is slower in the presence of any organic matter (even low levels of total organic carbon) that can form complex masses. Chelation can occur which severely inhibits the oxidation of iron and manganese.

Dissolved Oxygen The presence of dissolved oxygen greatly accelerates the oxidation of iron and manganese.

Ammonia Ammonia exerts a significant oxidant demand and interferes with the oxidation of iron and manganese.

Carbon Dioxide The presence of carbon dioxide in a raw water supply lowers the pH of the water through the formation of carbonic acid and it significantly reduces the rate of oxidation of iron and manganese.

Langelier Index Corrosive water with a negative Langelier Index (less than or equal to –0.50) dissolves iron and manganese in proportion to their solubility product at the observed pH. It also constitutes the cause of many common types of “red water” complaints, even though the raw water iron and manganese values may be at or below the maximum contaminant levels. The treatment and correction of corrosive water should always be addressed as a pre-treatment requisite for iron and manganese. Twitter @WaterWellJournl

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Oxidation of any residual sulfides during the treatment process is extremely important for the ultimate removal of iron and manganese. Treatment of all other substances in the raw water that have an oxidation demand must be completed before the oxidant can effectively oxidize any iron and manganese. Organic complexes must be fully oxidized before the remaining oxidant can effectively oxidize the iron and manganese. An excess residual level of at least 0.50 mg/L of an oxidant (aka: chlorine) is required in the reservoir/distribution system to inhibit any growth of sulfur bacteria. Sulfide oxidation must be complete or taste and odor problems will likely persist in the distribution system even though the iron and manganese may have been removed.

Backwash Rates and Duration The backwash rates and durations for most iron/manganese filters and water softeners are critical operational factors. The backwash flow rate is determined in large part from the specific gravity and effective size of the filter media. The range for the required backwash unit flow rate is typically somewhere between three times and eight times the design unit flow rate of the system and is needed to adequately lift, agitate, and expand the media in order to dislodge and remove all of the trapped precipitate from within the filter bed. The duration of backwash is also an important factor as trapped or impinged material in units with deep beds may take more time to loosen and escape the filter bed and vessel. Inadequate backwash flow or duration is one of the most common causes of water treatment system failures.

Water Quality Testing A full scan of secondary contaminants usually costs somewhere between $300 to $500 and its need can be applied on a case-by-case determination based on your experience, knowledge, and suspicion of the local water quality problems. At a minimum, I generally recommend performing an analysis for the following constituents for most common groundwater situations: pH, iron, manganese, calcium hardness, alkalinity (in mg/L as calcium carbonate), arsenic, organic acids (tannins and lignins), nitrates, and specific conductance/dissolved solids for all new and untested water sources as well as a test for coliform group bacteria. In certain instances, it is also wise to perform tests for biological (iron and/or sulfate reducing) bacteria, water temperature, hydrogen sulfide, dissolved oxygen, and carbon dioxide, which for total accuracy must be done at the site, along with pH. These are tests that can easily be performed with a field test kit or by a private lab for a typical cost between $75 and $150. Physical contaminants (such as sand) are also done on a case-by-case basis. Iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria, as well as other types of biological bacteria, used to be difficult to identify. However, there are now a series of new test kits available, called

ENGINEERING/continues on page 46 Water Well Journal May 2012 45/

ENGINEERING/from page 45 BART kits (Biological Activity Reaction Test), and for under $100 or so can greatly assist in determining the presence of any biological types of bacterial growth. In summary, a typical minimum water analysis for a new groundwater source to determine the minimal level of safety and aesthetic water quality should cost around $300 to $500, which is not a lot of money compared to the total investment of the well and water system. A full set of tests for identifying only the presence of the secondary contaminants for possible treatment should run less than $100.

Ethical Sales Practices As is the case with many common consumer products, the expression “What you see is what you get” doesn’t always hold true for water treatment equipment. In fact, the stated claims for the equipment outlined in some of the slickest and best-looking brochures for water treatment equipment— often intended to help push the sale onto unknowledgeable customers—cannot begin to fulfill its stated performance objectives. This rule can also apply to the many commissioned individuals who prowl—door to door, over the telephone or Internet—on an unsuspecting public in the hopes of often using scare or strong-arm sales tactics to sell people a water treatment system that may not even work for a problem they may not even have.

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This is a primary reason why firms interested in selling water treatment equipment should be aware of these tactics and only use established sales techniques that always include a complete and authoritative water quality analysis. In order to ensure total authenticity, even though we may collect the sample, our firm uses an independent laboratory to conduct the actual analysis of the water. The results are sent directly to the prospective customer and a copy to us. This totally removes any concern on the part of the customer that we have any motive or intent to use any unscrupulous or “hocus-pocus” methods. Informing the customer of this practice along with the nominal cost in advance will provide them with the test results, which they are free to take to another firm for another proposal if that’s what they want to do. Some people would say we might lose the sale by allowing that practice. That’s always possible, but the honesty aspect and open communication of this practice cannot be beat.

Third-Party Certification Another aspect that should be considered is the need for selling and using only water treatment equipment, including filter media and chemicals, that have received a recognized “third party” test and certification procedure. There are numerous testing labs available that conduct an independent evaluation and certification for the manufacturer. These

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include the labs and the most common standards for water treatment applications listed here. CEN

Water Treatment Equipment Testing and Standards Lab and Agency (Europe) CSA Canadian Standards Association NSF NSF International PACE Pace Analytical Services UL Underwriters Laboratories WQA Water Quality Association ANSI/NSF 42: Drinking Water Treatment Units, Aesthetic Effects ANSI/NSF 44: Cation Exchange Water Softeners ANSI/NSF 53: Drinking Water Treatment Devices, Health Effects ANSI/NSF 55: Ultraviolet Microbiological Water Treatment Systems ANSI/NSF 58: Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Treatment Systems ANSI/NSF 60: Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals, Health Effects ANSI/NSF 61: Drinking Water System Components, Health Effects ANSI/NSF 62: Drinking Water Distillation Systems

Certification to a minimum standard is often one of the most critical design factors for a water treatment system as only equipment and chemicals that have been tested and certified by one of the approved labs can be deemed as effective and safe to human health when properly applied and used. In fact, in some states and jurisdictions, minimal compliance with a certification standard, such as NSF Standard 60 or 61, is mandatory when the treatment equipment is intended for use in a public water system. In all cases, the designer or user should verify whether or not this requirement applies in their specific jurisdiction. Next month, we will continue this series by exploring the many aspects of corrosion and encrustation problems common to groundwater quality and treatment. So until then, work safe and smart. WWJ

Learn how to engineer success for your business Engineering Your Business: A series of articles serving as a guide to the groundwater business is a compilation of works from long-time Water Well Journal columnist Ed Butts. Visit NGWA’s Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org for more information.

(Note: ANSI = American National Standards Institute)

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By Ed Butts, PE, CPI

Engineering of Water Systems Part 10(b)—Hydrodynamics, Part 2

n last month’s installment of The Water Works we began a discussion of fluids in motion, or hydrodynamics, as it relates to the engineering and design of groundwater systems by introducing the physical laws associated with this science. We continue this month by providing two equations commonly used to calculate the specific friction loss of a closed or open conduit or flow path, along with a group of pre-prepared head loss charts and correction factors for various types and pressure classes of pipe. All will assist a designer with determining the friction loss of their own individual system design.

Darcy-Weisbach Formula Although it dates back to the 19th century, the DarcyWeisbach formula is still commonly used for calculating head losses in open and closed conduit applications and remains one of the most frequently used equations for determining the head loss of a pipeline. It has distinct advantages over many other methods as it specifically includes factors for the roughness of the interior surface, the length, internal diameter, velocity, and most importantly, the fluid’s viscosity. Including a factor for the actual viscosity of the liquid under transfer allows the DarcyWeisbach equation to be applicable for other fluids besides water—a distinction over another popular formula, the HazenWilliams formula that was developed solely for use with cold water. The Darcy-Weisbach formula is shown for pipeline uses in the following form: hf = f × L × V2 D 2g where: h f = friction loss in feet of head f = friction factor, a dimensionless number, developed for turbulent flow and dependent on the interior roughness of the pipe and the Reynolds number (it usually ranges from .008 to .10) Ed Butts, PE, CPI, is the chief engineer at 4B Engineering & Consulting, Salem, Oregon. He has more than 30 years experience in the water well business, specializing in engineering and business management. He can be reached at epbpe@juno.com.

48/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

L = length of pipeline in feet D = average diameter of pipeline in feet V = average velocity of fluid in pipeline in feet per second g = gravitational constant (32.2 ft/sec 2). For applications where the flow in a pipeline is laminar (the Reynolds number [Re] is less than 2100), determining the friction factor is simple and is expressed as f = 64 . Re Determining the appropriate “f” value or friction factor for a specific application with turbulent or transitional flow (Re is greater than 2100) involves calculating and using the actual Reynolds number along with the internal roughness factor for the type of pipe to be used. In the field of water works design, the vast majority of design applications are well over 2 feet per second and therefore are based on turbulent flow with Reynolds numbers often exceeding 100,000. However, since this particular series of articles is generally directed towards the hydraulic system calculations associated with those applied to groundwater system designs, we have provided a series of pre-calculated and approximate friction factors (f) for the Darcy-Weisbach formula to cover the more common pipeline sizes, flow ranges, and types. Please note that the exact friction factor, and thus the head loss, under water transfer applications can vary significantly with changes in the internal roughness factor of the conduit as well as the Reynolds number, a design factor which is primarily determined from the fluid’s viscosity and type of flow within the conduit (turbulent or laminar) and can only be precisely arrived at through the aid of a Moody diagram. Therefore, the values in Table 1 should be used as approximate and for illustration and estimation purposes only.

The Hazen-Williams Formula The formula most often used to calculate the frictional loss in closed conduits for cold water flow is the Hazen-Williams formula. Prior to its introduction in 1905, there was no single formula in common use to determine the friction losses in closed pipes due to the flow of water. Although the Hazen-Williams equation remains popular and widely used in water and wastewater engineering, there

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Table 2. Typical roughness factors for use in the Hazen-Williams formula

WATER WORKS/from page 48 are specific and defined limitations to its use that should not be ignored. For example, the calculation is performed using an empirical equation and lacks a theoretical basis. Therefore, its range of applicability is severely limited to one type of liquid. It is only useful under turbulent flow conditions (Reynolds number greater than 100,000), with cold (temperature range of 40°F–80°F) liquids with the same viscosity of water (1.1 centistokes or 31.5 SSU at 60°F), and is only accurate with fullflowing circular conduits. (Although there have been attempts to modify the equation for other shapes and flow patterns, the best accuracy remains with its use with circular pipes under full-flowing conditions.) 50/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

These restrictions are so important that use of the HazenWilliams equation with water outside of the previously stated 40°F–80°F temperature range can result in up to a 20% calculated increase of friction loss at liquid temperatures down to 32°F or a 20% decrease when applying the formula to water at 212°F. Although these inherent restrictions obviously limit the usefulness and application of the equation, since the majority of fluid flow calculations involve the transmission and accompanying friction loss of colder water systems, the use of the Hazen-Williams formula remains quite popular and extensive. The formula, in the basic form, is used to relate the mean velocity of the flow of water within a closed pipe and is shown as follows: waterwelljournal.com

Table 3. Head for various types of pipes. (Head loss feet of head/100 TABLElosses 2--HEAD LOSSESsizes FOR and VARIOUS SIZES AND TYPES OFinPIPES (Head Loss infeet Feetofofpipe) Head/100 Feet of Pipe) (Multiply Values x .433 to obtain Pressure Drop, in psi)

Pipe Size: Q (GPM)

Velocity 1 (in FPS) 1.34 2.01 2.68 3.35 4.02 4.58 5.35 6.02 6.69 8.03 9.37 10.71 12.05 13.39

2-1/2” 2

Old Steel .65 1.39 2.38 3.58 5.00 6.70 8.6 10.7 13.0 18.2 24.2 30.7 38.1 46.8

3” 3

New Steel .35 .74 1.27 1.94 2.70 3.59 4.62 5.75 6.93 9.75 12.9 16.7 20.6 24.9

PVC-IPS 4 (cl.160) .23 .49 .81 1.22 1.73 2.31 2.96 3.67 4.46 6.26 8.32 10.65 13.25 16.10

Velocity 1 (in FPS) .87 1.3 1.74 2.17 2.6 3.04 3.47 3.91 4.34 5.21 6.08 6.94 7.81 8.68 9.55 10.4 11.3 12.2 13.0

Old Steel .23 .48 .82 1.24 1.76 2.33 2.98 3.69 4.50 6.31 8.41 10.9 13.4 16.3 19.9 22.6 27.2 31.2 34.5

4” 3

New Steel .12 .26 .44 .67 .94 1.25 1.62 2.00 2.43 3.38 4.50 5.78 7.16 8.73 10.4 12.20 14.20 16.30 18.40

5” 3

Velocity Old New PVC-IPS Velocity Old New PVC-IPS 1 4 1 4 (in FPS) Steel Steel/DI (cl.160) (in FPS) Steel Steel (cl.160) 20 GPM .50 .07 .03 .023 30 GPM .76 .14 .07 .046 .48 .043 .023 .024 40 GPM 1.01 .22 .12 .092 .64 .073 .04 .035 50 GPM 1.26 .33 .18 .139 .80 .11 .06 .055 60 GPM 1.51 .46 .25 .184 .96 .154 .083 .073 70 GPM 1.76 .62 .33 .255 1.12 .205 .11 .095 80 GPM 2.02 .79 .43 .32 1.28 .26 .14 .13 90 GPM 2.27 .98 .53 .42 1.44 .326 .17 .15 100 GPM 2.52 1.20 .64 .51 1.63 .396 .21 .18 120 GPM 3.02 1.69 .90 .69 1.92 .56 .30 .26 140 GPM 3.53 2.24 1.20 .93 2.24 .74 .40 .34 160 GPM 4.03 2.88 1.53 1.20 2.56 .946 .51 .45 180 GPM 4.54 3.53 1.91 1.48 2.88 1.2 .64 .57 200 GPM 5.05 4.34 2.32 1.80 3.20 1.4 .77 .66 220 GPM 5.55 5.19 2.76 2.15 3.52 1.7 .92 .80 240 GPM 6.05 6.01 3.25 2.52 3.85 2.00 1.08 .95 260 GPM 6.55 6.97 3.76 2.94 4.17 2.32 1.25 1.08 280 GPM 7.06 8.00 4.32 3.35 4.49 2.66 1.44 1.25 300 GPM 7.57 9.20 4.95 3.81 4.80 3.03 1.64 1.36 320 GPM 8.07 10.2 5.51 4.30 5.13 3.40 1.84 1.65 340 GPM 8.58 11.5 6.21 4.80 5.45 3.81 2.06 1.80 360 GPM 9.08 12.7 6.86 5.34 5.77 4.24 2.29 2.00 380 GPM 9.59 14.1 7.61 5.91 6.09 4.68 2.53 2.20 400 GPM 10.1 15.7 8.39 6.50 6.40 5.15 2.78 2.40 420 GPM 10.6 17.0 9.13 7.12 6.73 5.64 3.05 2.60 440 GPM 11.1 18.6 10.0 7.75 7.05 6.14 3.32 2.80 460 GPM 11.6 20.1 10.8 8.42 7.38 6.67 3.60 3.10 480 GPM 12.1 21.8 11.72 9.10 7.70 7.22 3.90 3.40 500 GPM 12.6 23.7 12.64 9.81 8.02 7.80 4.21 3.60 (NOTE: USE CAUTION WHEN USING THE BOLD TYPE VALUES—VELOCITIES EXCEED 5 FEET PER SECOND) FOOTNOTES: DEFINITIONS AND HAZEN-WILLIAMS FRICTION FACTORS FOR ABOVE PIPES 1Velocities Shown Are For Schedule 40 Steel/PVC Pipe Sizes 2Old (>20 Years Old) Standard Schedule 40 Steel Pipe: C = 100 3New (<2 Years Old) Standard Schedule 40 Steel and All Classes of 4” Ductile Iron (DI) Pipe: C = 140 4PVC (IPS-SDR 26-Pressure Class 160) Pipe: C = 150 HEAD LOSS CONVERSIONS TO OTHER PRESSURE CLASSES/TYPES OF PIPE-(FOR APPROXIMATE VALUES ONLY) 4PVC Pipe (for other pres. ratings)-Use “PVC-IPS” Column-Multiply: Class 100: x.86---Class 125: x.92--Class 200: x1.11--Sch. 40: x1.20--Sch. 80: x1.50 Aluminum Tubing with Couplers (Max. of 20’-40’ Lengths--C=80)—Use “Old Steel” Column--Multiply: x1.50 2Copper (Type “M” with soldered joints) and Welded Steel Tubing with Interior Coating (O.D. Sized)—(C=130): Use “Old Steel” Column-Multiply: x.60 (Approx.)

V = K × C × R 0.63 × S 0.54 where: V = fluid flow velocity in feet per second K = conversion factor for the unit system in use (K = 1.318 for U.S. units, 0.849 for SI units) C = “roughness” factor for the specific type of pipe interior in use R = hydraulic radius (area of cross-sectional flow/wetted perimeter = diameter/4 for a full-flowing pipe) S = slope of the energy gradient (head loss per unit length of pipe; h f/length). In order to apply the formula for normal everyday use, it was further modified to the following form: h f = 0.2083 × 100 1.852 × q 1.852 C

d 4.8655

where: h f = friction loss in feet of head loss per 100 feet of pipe (multiply × .433 for pressure drop, in psi) C = roughness factor of the interior surfaces of the pipe, often referred to as the “C” or “roughness” factor q = flow of water inside of pipe in gallons per minute Twitter @WaterWellJournl

PVC-IPS 4 (cl.160) .09 .19 .32 .46 .67 .88 1.13 1.41 1.71 2.40 3.19 4.07 5.06 6.17 7.35 8.64 10.00 11.48 13.05

d = inside diameter of pipe in inches. As seen within the second equation, a base “C” value of 100 is used, corresponding with many of the common types of interior roughness values used with water pipe, most notably older standard Schedule 40 steel pipe with 15 to 25 years of life. The single greatest unit of variance and usually the most controversial within the Hazen-Williams equation is the roughness factor, or what is often referred to as the “C” value. Based on equivalent diameters and pipe lengths, since a higher C value leads to lower friction loss and consequently a lower overall delivery or total head in a normal pipeline design—which then equates to lower pumping and transmission power costs—this value is often used as a point of contention and salesmanship between competing manufacturers of different types of pipes. For example, this can lead to manufacturers of PVC or HDPE pipe possibly claiming a higher C value for their product than ductile iron pipe, which in turn might have its manufacturer claim a higher C value for its pipe than what is offered from concrete pipe manufacturers, and on and on. This

WATER WORKS/continues on page 52 Water Well Journal May 2012 51/

Table 4. Head losses for various sizes and types of pipes. (Head loss in feet of head/100 feet of pipe) Table 3-HEAD LOSSES FOR VARIOUS SIZES AND TYPES OF PIPES (Head Loss in Feet of Head/100 Feet of Pipe-Multiply x .433 for Pressure Drop, psi) 6” (USE CAUTION WHEN USING THE BOLD TYPE VALUES-VELOCITIES > 5 FPS) 8”

Pipe Size: Q (GPM) 50 GPM 60 GPM 70 GPM 80 GPM 90 GPM 100 GPM 120 GPM 140 GPM 160 GPM 180 GPM 200 GPM 220 GPM 240 GPM 260 GPM 280 GPM 300 GPM 320 GPM 340 GPM 360 GPM 380 GPM 400 GPM 450 GPM 500 GPM 550 GPM 600 GPM 650 GPM 700 GPM 750 GPM 800 GPM 850 GPM 900 GPM 1000 GPM 1100 GPM 1200 GPM 1300 GPM 1400 GPM 1500 GPM 1600 GPM 1800 GPM 2000 GPM

Velocity (6”ID) .56 FPS .68 “ .78 “ .89 “ 1.0 “ 1.11 “ 1.33 “ 1.6 “ 1.78 “ 2.0 “ 2.2 “ 2.44 “ 2.67 “ 2.90 “ 3.11 “ 3.33 “ 3.56 “ 3.78 “ 4.00 “ 4.22 “ 4.44 “ 5.00 “ 5.56 “ 6.11 “ 6.66 “ 7.22 “ 7.78 “ 8.34 “ 8.90 “ 9.45 “ 10.0 “ 11.1 “ 12.2 “ 13.3 “

Old Steel 4 (C=100) 0.45 .066 .084 .11 .13 .16 .23 .30 .39 .48 .58 .70 .82 .95 1.09 1.24 1.39 1.56 1.73 1.92 2.11 2.62 3.19 3.80 4.46 5.17 5.93 6.74 7.60 8.55 9.44 11.55 13.90 16.30

New Steel (C=140) .0243 .036 .045 .058 .072 .088 .12 .16 .21 .26 .32 .38 .44 .51 .59 .67 .75 .84 .93 1.04 1.14 1.41 1.72 2.05 2.41 2.79 3.2 3.64 4.10 4.65 5.15 6.21 7.42 8.70

PVC—IPS (Cl. 160 psi) .020 .030 .040 .045 .060 .075 .095 .14 .17 .20 .25 .30 .36 .43 .50 .56 .63 .72 .80 .88 1.00 1.20 1.45 1.76 2.05 2.42 2.76 3.15 3.52 3.95 4.41 5.25 6.25 7.45

PVC-AWWA C-900-Cl 150 2 Ductile Iron—Class 350 PVC: .022------D.I.: .021 PVC: .030------D.I.: .029 PVC: .041------D.I.: .038 PVC: .052------D.I.: .050 PVC: .063------D.I.: .062 PVC: .076------D.I.: .076 PVC: .107------D.I.: .105 PVC: .142------D.I.: .140 PVC: .182------D.I.: .175 PVC: .226------D.I.: .220 PVC: .275------D.I.: .265 PVC: .330------D.I.: .320 PVC: .390------D.I.: .385 PVC: .450------D.I.: .440 PVC: .510------D.I.: .500 PVC: .580------D.I.: .570 PVC: .650------D.I.: .650 PVC: .730------D.I.: .730 PVC: .810------D.I.: .800 PVC: .900------D.I.: .880 PVC: 1.00------D.I.: .975 PVC: 1.23------D.I.: 1.20 PVC: 1.50------D.I.: 1.45 PVC: 1.79------D.I.: 1.75 PVC: 2.10------D.I.: 2.00 PVC: 2.45------D.I.: 2.40 PVC: 2.78------D.I.: 2.75 PVC: 3.20------D.I.: 3.10 PVC: 3.55------D.I.: 3.50 PVC: 4.00------D.I.: 3.90 PVC: 4.44------D.I.: 4.40 PVC: 5.40------D.I.: 5.25 PVC: 6.40------D.I.: 6.25 PVC: 7.60------D.I.: 7.40

HDPE-(“Poly”) (Cl. 160-DR11) .042 .058 .078 .100 .122 .150 .210 .275 .340 .440 .520 .630 .750 .860 1.00 1.10 1.25 1.40 1.60 (V>5 FPS) 1.75 1.95 2.35 2.80 3.40 4.00 4.60 5.30 6.00 6.80 7.50 8.50 10.10 12.00 14.00

Velocity (8" ID)

Old Steel 4 (C=100)

New Steel (C=140)

PVC—IPS (Cl. 160 psi)

PVC-AWWA-C-900-Cl 150 2 Ductile Iron—Class 350

HDPE-(“Poly”) (Cl. 160-DR11)

.64 FPS .77 “ .90 “ 1.03 “ 1.15 “ 1.28 “ 1.40 “ 1.54 “ 1.67 “ 1.80 “ 1.92 “ 2.05 “ 2.15 “ 2.30 “ 2.40 “ 2.57 “ 2.88 “ 3.20 “ 3.52 “ 3.85 “ 4.17 “ 4.49 “ 4.81 “ 5.13 “ 5.45 “ 5.77 “ 6.41 “ 7.05 “ 7.69 “ 8.33 “ 8.97 “ 9.61 “ 10.30 “ 11.50 “ 12.80 “

.045 .062 .079 .10 .12 .15 .18 .22 .25 .29 .33 .39 .43 .47 .53 .55 .69 .84 1.17 1.20 1.36 1.54 1.77 1.99 2.23 2.48 3.02 3.60 4.23 4.90 5.62 6.39 7.20 8.95 10.90

.024 .033 .043 .055 .069 .083 .099 .12 .14 .16 .18 .21 .23 .25 .29 .30 .37 .45 .63 .65 .73 .84 .96 1.08 1.20 1.34 1.63 1.94 2.28 2.65 3.03 3.45 3.89 4.83 5.89

.030 .035 .045 .055 .065 .080 .090 .11 .13 .13 .17 .19 .23 .25 .29 .30 .40 .45 .55 .62 .70 .84 .90 1.00 1.10 1.24 1.55 1.80 2.15 2.45 2.85 3.20 3.55 4.55 5.55

PVC: .021-----D.I.: .018 PVC: .030-----D.I.: .022 PVC: .037-----D.I.: .034 PVC: .048-----D.I.: .044 PVC: .059-----D.I.: .055 PVC: .072-----D.I.: .065 PVC: .086-----D.I.: .080 PVC: .100-----D.I.: .093 PVC: .120-----D.I.: .11 PVC: .136-----D.I.: .13 PVC: .160-----D.I.: .14 PVC: .180-----D.I.: .16 PVC: .200-----D.I.: .18 PVC: .220-----D.I.: .20 PVC: .250-----D.I.: .22 PVC: .260-----D.I.: .24 PVC: .320-----D.I.: .29 PVC: .400-----D.I.: .35 PVC: .500-----D.I.: .43 PVC: .600-----D.I.: .49 PVC: .660-----D.I.: .58 PVC: .770-----D.I.: .64 PVC: .830-----D.I.: .75 PVC: .940-----D.I.: .85 PVC: 1.05-----D.I.: .95 PVC: 1.18-----D.I.: 1.10 PVC: 1.50-----D.I.: 1.25 PVC: 1.75-----D.I.: 1.50 PVC: 2.10-----D.I.: 1.75 PVC: 2.40-----D.I.: 2.00 PVC: 2.80-----D.I.: 2.40 PVC: 3.15-----D.I.: 2.75 PVC: 3.50 -----D.I.: 3.00 PVC: 4.50-----D.I.: 3.90 PVC: 5.50-----D.I.: 4.50

.042 .059 .080 .098 .12 .15 .18 .21 .24 .28 .32 .35 .42 .45 .48 .55 .67 .80 .95 1.15 1.30 (V> 5 FPS) 1.45 1.70 1.90 2.15 2.40 2.85 3.35 4.00 4.60 5.40 6.00 6.90 8.40 10.00

PVC (IPS-SDR 26/Class 160) (C=150): Head Loss Correction Factors for: SDR 41/Class 100 psi: x0.86-SDR 32.5/Class 125 psi: x0.92-SDR 21/Class 200 psi: x1.11 (APPROXIMATE VALUES) 2 PVC (AWWA Type C-900) (C=150): Head Loss Correction factors for DR25/Class 100: x0.84-DR14/Class 200: x1.20-- Ductile Iron (Only Pressure Class 350 Shown) (C =140) “ “ HDPE (ASTM-3608/3408-IPS)(C=150): Head Loss Correction factors for: DR7/Class 267 psi: x2.00-DR9/Class 200 psi: x1.25-DR17/Class 100 psi: x.66-DR26/Class 65 psi: x.50 “ “ 4 Copper (Type “M”) and Steel Tubing (Int.Coating)(C=130): Use “Old Steel” Column for All 3—Multiply: x.60----Aluminum Tubing (Max: 20’-40’ Lengths w/couplers-C=80)- : x1.50 “ “ 2 3

WATER WORKS/from page 51 means that validating an actual roughness factor can be quite important. Another important factor to consider in pipeline design is the actual, rather than nominal, interior diameter of the pipe under consideration. For example, even though PVC pipe has a slightly higher C value than ductile iron pipe, the actual internal diameter of most ductile iron pipes, size for size, is greater than many comparable sizes of PVC pipe. This same consideration is even more of a factor when comparing the transmission capability of the same pressure class of HDPE pipe with PVC pipe, with PVC pipe providing up to 20% greater flow path area than the same nominal size of HDPE. The roughness or C values cited in Table 2 for various types of pipe reflect average and somewhat conservative values for each commercial and common type of pipe material and are not intended to be construed as recommending any one over another. As with any variable included in an engineering formula, the judgment and experience of the designer is required to fully evaluate the specific design conditions and then use the proper roughness factor—this is as much a critical design decision as any other single element.

52/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

In many situations, especially those with existing water systems that may include older pipe or with water prone to corrosion, scaling, or sedimentation occurring within the pipes, the proper “C” value for the Hazen-Williams formula or the “f” factor for the Darcy-Weisbach formula may need to reflect adjusted and corrected values for the actual condition of the pipe’s interior flow path. In many cases, performing enough field testing to verify the actual friction or C factor is the best course of action to take before commencing with a design. Table 2 represents most of the typical pipe types and C values for most of the design uses. The reader may note the design values for the steel pipe group include more than one single value. This is primarily due to the variability known to exist with different water supplies and the impact these differences can have, primarily on steel pipe. Therefore, when planning to use steel pipe, the designer should evaluate the water quality from the intended source and particularly any electrochemical or corrosive action the water may place on the pipe. This can not only affect the C factor through corrosive or tuberculation responses but the service life of the pipe itself, which may necessitate consideration of additional protection for the pipe, including specialwaterwelljournal.com

Table 5. Head forLOSSES variousFOR sizes and types pipes. (Head loss in feetLoss of head/100 feet of pipe) Tablelosses 4-HEAD VARIOUS SIZESofAND TYPES OF PIPES (Head in Feet of Head/100 Feet of Pipe) (Multiply Values x .433 to Obtain Pressure Drop, in psi)

10”

Pipe Size: Q (GPM) 200 GPM 220 GPM 240 GPM 260 GPM 280 GPM 300 GPM 320 GPM 340 GPM 360 GPM 380 GPM 400 GPM 420 GPM 440 GPM 460 GPM 480 GPM 500 GPM 550 GPM 600 GPM 650 GPM 700 GPM 750 GPM 800 GPM 850 GPM 900 GPM 950 GPM 1000 GPM 1100 GPM 1200 GPM 1400 GPM 1600 GPM 1800 GPM 2000 GPM 2200 GPM 2400 GPM 2600 GPM 2800 GPM 3000 GPM 3400 GPM 3800 GPM 4000 GPM

Velocity (10” ID) .81 FPS .89 “ .98 “ 1.06 “ 1.14 “ 1.22 “ 1.29 “ 1.38 “ 1.45 “ 1.55 “ 1.62 “ 1.70 “ 1.78 “ 1.86 “ 1.94 “ 2.04 “ 2.24 “ 2.44 “ 2.65 “ 2.85 “ 3.05 “ 3.25 “ 3.45 “ 3.66 “ 3.95 “ 4.07 “ 4.48 “ 4.90 “ 5.70 “ 6.51 “ 7.32 “ 8.14 “ 8.95 “ 9.75 “ 10.6 “ 11.4 “ 12.2 “ 13.8 “ 15.5 “ 16.3 “

Old Steel 4 (C=100) .051 .061 .071 .083 .095 .108 .123 .133 .152 .173 .183 .200 .220 .240 .260 .277 .330 .388 .450 .516 .590 .660 .740 .821 .900 .998 1.19 1.40 1.86 2.38 2.96 3.60 4.29 5.04 5.84 6.70 7.61 9.60 11.80 13.00

New Steel (C=140) .0275 .033 .038 .045 .051 .058 .066 .072 .082 .093 .099 .108 .119 .130 .140 .150 .178 .210 .243 .278 .318 .356 .400 .443 .486 .539 .642 .756 1.00 1.28 1.60 1.94 2.32 2.72 3.15 3.62 4.11 5.18 6.37 7.02

(USE CAUTION WHEN USING THE BOLD TYPE VALUES--VELOCITIES > 5 FPS) 1

PVC—IPS (Cl. 160 psi) .023 .030 .036 .040 .043 .046 .062 .070 .076 .088 .092 .100 .112 .122 .130 .139 .162 .208 .231 .254 .300 .346 .370 .416 .460 .508 .600 .716 .947 1.22 1.48 1.80 2.15 2.52 2.93 3.37 4.07 4.83 5.91 6.51

PVC-AWWA C-900-Cl 150 2 Ductile Iron—Class 350 PVC: .023------D.I.: .023 PVC: .033------D.I.: .028 PVC: .039------D.I.: .033 PVC: .045------D.I.: .038 PVC: .053------D.I.: .044 PVC: .058------D.I.: .050 PVC: .066------D.I.: .055 PVC: .075------D.I.: .063 PVC: .083------D.I.: .070 PVC: .090------D.I.: .077 PVC: .093------D.I.: .085 PVC: .110------D.I.: .093 PVC: .120------D.I.: .100 PVC: .130------D.I.: .108 PVC: .140------D.I.: .122 PVC: .150------D.I.: .128 PVC: .180------D.I.: .150 PVC: .208------D.I.: .175 PVC: .222------D.I.: .210 PVC: .277------D.I.: .235 PVC: .320------D.I.: .275 PVC: .346------D.I.: .300 PVC: .400------D.I.: .345 PVC: .439------D.I.: .375 PVC: .500------D.I.: .415 PVC: .531------D.I.: .460 PVC: .647------D.I.: .550 PVC: .762------D.I.: .640 PVC: .999------D.I.: .850 PVC: 1.27------D.I.: 1.05 PVC: 1.59------D.I.: 1.30 PVC: 1.92------D.I.: 1.65 PVC: 2.31------D.I.: 1.90 PVC: 2.70------D.I.: 2.20 PVC: 3.14------D.I.: 2.75 PVC: 3.60------D.I.: 3.10 PVC: 4.09------D.I.: 3.50 PVC: 5.15------D.I.: 4.40 PVC: 6.33------D.I.: 5.25 PVC: 6.95------D.I.: 5.75

HDPE-(“Poly”) (Cl. 160-DR11) .046 .069 .072 .086 .092 .095 .115 .139 .150 .162 .184 .199 .215 .235 .260 .277 .323 .370 .439 .485 .555 .625 .716 .785 .878 (V>5 FPS) .970 1.16 1.34 1.80 2.29 2.84 3.75 4.60 5.40 6.30 7.20 8.10 10.05 12.80 13.50

12”

Velocity (12" ID)

Old Steel 4 (C=100)

New Steel (C=140)

PVC—IPS (Cl. 160 psi)

PVC-AWWA-C-900-Cl 150 2 Ductile Iron—Class 350

HDPE-(“Poly”) (Cl. 160-DR11)

.85 FPS .91 “ .97 “ 1.02 “ 1.05 “ 1.12 “ 1.15 “ 1.25 “ 1.30 “ 1.35 “ 1.42 “ 1.55 “ 1.70 “ 1.85 “ 2.00 “ 2.12 “ 2.25 “ 2.40 “ 2.52 “ 2.70 “ 2.80 “ 3.10 “ 3.35 “ 3.95 “ 4.45 “ 5.05 “ 5.60 “ 6.50 “ 6.80 “ 7.25 “ 7.85 “ 8.50 “ 9.60 “ 10.60 “ 11.30 “

.046 .058 .060 .068 .073 .080 .086 .096 .105 .115 .122 .145 .173 .195 .225 .255 .285 .325 .365 .400 .439 .508 .600 .809 1.04 1.27 1.55 1.85 2.17 2.52 2.91 3.30 4.16 5.11 5.61

.025 .031 .032 .036 .040 .043 .046 .052 .057 .062 .066 .078 .093 .105 .121 .138 .153 .176 .197 .216 .237 .274 .324 .437 .562 .686 .837 1.00 1.17 1.36 1.57 1.78 2.25 2.76 3.03

.024 .026 .030 .033 .036 .040 .045 .048 .053 .056 .062 .073 .085 .095 .115 .130 .142 .165 .175 .200 .220 .277 .323 .416 .531 .670 .809 .970 1.13 1.32 1.50 1.71 2.10 2.59 2.84

PVC: .023-----D.I.: .021 PVC: .030-----D.I.: .023 PVC: .035-----D.I.: .026 PVC: .040-----D.I.: .029 PVC: .046-----D.I.: .033 PVC: .049-----D.I.: .035 PVC: .052-----D.I.: .039 PVC: .056-----D.I.: .043 PVC: .060-----D.I.: .046 PVC: .064-----D.I.: .050 PVC: .076-----D.I.: .052 PVC: .085-----D.I.: .062 PVC: .092-----D.I.: .072 PVC: .103-----D.I.: .085 PVC: .116-----D.I.: .092 PVC: .139-----D.I.: .110 PVC: .162-----D.I.: .122 PVC: .173-----D.I.: .135 PVC: .185-----D.I.: .150 PVC: .208-----D.I.: .172 PVC: .231-----D.I.: .180 PVC: .277-----D.I.: .220 PVC: .323-----D.I.: .230 PVC: .439-----D.I.: .340 PVC: .554-----D.I.: .440 PVC: .670-----D.I.: .550 PVC: .832-----D.I.: .650 PVC: 1.00-----D.I.: .800 PVC: 1.16-----D.I.: .920 PVC: 1.34-----D.I.: 1.08 PVC: 1.55-----D.I.: 1.22 PVC: 1.76-----D.I.: 1.35 PVC: 2.22 ----D.I.: 1.75 PVC: 2.73-----D.I.: 2.15 PVC: 2.98-----D.I.: 2.40

.046 .055 .062 .069 .073 .079 .086 .092 .099 .105 .115 .139 .161 .185 .208 .254 .277 .300 .346 .370 .416 .508 .578 .785 (V>5 FPS) 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.80 2.10 2.45 2.85 3.25 4.00 5.00 5.50

PVC (IPS-SDR 26/Class 160) (C=150): Head Loss Correction Factors for: SDR 41/Class 100 psi: x0.86-SDR 32.5/Class 125 psi: x0.92-SDR 21/Class 200 psi: x1.11 (APPROXIMATE VALUES) 2 PVC (AWWA Type C-900) (C=150): Head Loss Correction factors for DR25/Class 100: x0.84-DR14/Class 200: x1.20-- Ductile Iron (Pressure Class 350 Shown) (C =140) “ “ 3 HDPE (C=150): Head Loss Correction factors for: DR7/Class 265 psi: x2.00-----DR9 /Class 200 psi: x1.25-----DR17/Class 100 psi: x.66-------DR26/Class 65 psi: x.50 “ “ 4 Copper (Type “M”) and Steel Tubing (Interior Coating)(C=130): Use “Old Steel” Column for All 3—Multiply: x.60-----Aluminum Tubing (20’-40’ Lengths w/couplers-C=80) : x1.50 “ “ 2

Chart 1. Hazen-Williams “C” value:

150

140

130

120

110

100

Multiply value by:

.47

.54

.62

.71

.84

1.00

1.22

1.50

1.93

2.57

ized coatings or cathodic protection. This is particularly important if any severe corrosive action on the pipe is suspect. Since the Hazen-Williams equation is predicated on the basic use of a C value of 100, corrections for pipe material with different values of interior roughness can easily be made by applying any of the correction factors for different C values shown in Chart 1. In addition, by examining the relative differences between the normal span of roughness factors used in the Hazen-Williams formula, the designer is able to comprehend how much of the total dynamic head factor, as applied to friction loss, may be involved for a system with a C value of 150 over an alternate with a C value of 120.

Head Loss Charts Although there are numerous nomographs, slide rules, and charts available for determining the friction losses associated with various types of pipe materials, there is surprising little information available—at least from a single source—to assist Twitter @WaterWellJournl

a designer with evaluating different pressure classes, which come down to different internal diameters within the same material group. For this reason, we have prepared and offer Tables 3, 4, and 5 for commercial pipe sizes 21⁄2 inches through 12 inches (the most common range for water works applications). In addition, note that approximations of head loss can also be made for different types of pipes, including aluminum, copper, and different pressure classes of C-900 PVC and HDPE by applying multiplication factors to tabular values. But remember when using the multiplier values to convert to different types and pressure classes of pipes, the figures are approximations and should be applied and used with prudent caution. In the next installment of The Water Works we will conclude this series on hydrodynamics with an overview on the methods used for calculating the pressure drop associated with

WATER WORKS/continues on page 54 Water Well Journal May 2012 53/

WATER WORKS/from page 53 the use of fittings and valves and include examples on how the proper use of all the information included in the past six Water Works columns can help you with your specific designs. Until then, keep them pumping. WWJ

Correction The Water Works column in the April issue was incorrectly titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Engineering the Basics, Part 12(a)â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Hydrodynamics.â&#x20AC;? It should have been titled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Engineering of Water Systems, Part 10(a) â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Hydrodynamics.â&#x20AC;? WWJ regrets any confusion caused by this error.

Work with Pumping Systems? Then consider becoming a certified pump installer in NGWAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s voluntary certification program. The CPI designation demonstrates personal knowledge, pride in the job, and professionalism. Get more information about becoming a CPI at www.NGWA.org. Circle card no. 41

The best just got better. Visit the new online home of Water Well Journal today! www.WaterWellJournal.com The recently launched online home of Water Well Journal ÂŽ allows you to: s 2ECEIVE BREAKING NEWS s !CCESS THE CURRENT PUBLICATION s 6IEW ARCHIVED ARTICLES s 3EARCH CURRENT BUYERS GUIDES s +EEP UPDATED ON .'7! NEWS ,OG ON TODAY

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54/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

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Discharge Control.

By Jack Glass, CIH, CSP, QEP, CHMM

When Lightning Strikes It happens more than you think, so be prepared when a storm arises.

ou’ve heard it said a million times. You have a better chance of being struck by lightning than being (fill in

the blank). People think of lightning strikes as rare happenings. If we hear of someone struck by lightning, we’re amazed at such an improbable event. However, if you’re reading this column in the presence of more than a few people, at least one of them may know of someone who has been struck by lightning. At any one moment, there are 2,000 thunderstorms occurring around the world. In the United States, more than 200 people die each year from lightning or from fires caused by lightning. That’s more than from hurricanes or tornadoes! This column, though, isn’t going to encourage you to lock yourself away every time a storm approaches. In fact, if you follow the sage advice of your mother who told you to come in from the rain, you would significantly reduce the likelihood of becoming a lightning victim. Unfortunately, thunderstorms do not always follow a convenient schedule and may occur while you’re out in the middle of an important job. Most of your company policies already advise you to lower the rig in threatening weather. However, I’m sure many of you have found yourself in an open field Jack Glass is the principal consultant for J Tyler Scientific Co. and has more than 20 years of experience as an environmental health consultant. He has consulted on toxic exposures, risk management, and indoor air quality.

56/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

In the United States, more than 200 people die each year from lightning or from fires caused by lightning. with a raised boom when a sudden and unexpected storm came raging through. It’s times like these when we need to look for some additional advice to reduce our likelihood of becoming injured due to a lightning strike.

Reducing the Risk In the scenario given, the best and easiest protection is to move as far away from the rig as possible until the storm passes. Popular advice includes staying inside a car. True, being in a car will provide a level of protection. The primary reason is that the car is isolated from the ground by the tires. You don’t have this luxury on your rig because your boom and bit provide an excellent lightning rod and grounding. If struck, most of the energy will follow a straight line directly through that path from the boom to the earth. However, stray current will also flow through the truck, through all its metal pieces to each of the outriggers. If you happen to be in the path of the current, you can experience anything from a mild jolt to significant burns. Given the opportunity to react before the storm’s arrival, lowering the boom, disengaging the bit, and retracting all outriggers will make your rig a safe harbor in the storm. And, regardless of your location, there are some great common-

sense steps to follow anytime a storm approaches (see sidebar). Lightning strikes are not uniform throughout the day. According to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration storm data, they peak at 4 p.m. with two-thirds of lightning strikes occurring between 2 p.m. and 6 p.m. In the United States, the worst months are June, July, and August. This leaves the other one-third of all lightning strikes appearing at any time, day, or season. There is a “30-30 rule” which gives you an easy-to-follow lightning safety guide. When you see lightning, start counting the seconds until you hear thunder. If the time between is 30 seconds or less, the thunderstorm is close enough to be dangerous. You should seek shelter as soon as you can. Even if you’re unable to see the lightning, you may be able to hear the thunder, so wait for half an hour after the last lightning flash or thunder before you leave the shelter. Only a house or similarly closed shelter with wiring and plumbing will offer you the best protection against lightning.

Helping Someone Struck by Lightning When someone is struck by lightning, get emergency medical help as soon as possible. If more than one person is struck by lightning, treat those who are unconscious first—they are at greatest risk of dying. A person struck by lightning may appear dead with no pulse or breath. Often the person can be revived with waterwelljournal.com

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and it should be attempted immediately. There is no danger to anyone helping a person who has been struck by lightning because no electric charge remains. Treat those who are injured but conscious next. Common injuries from being struck by lightning are burns, wounds, and fractures.

Reading the Weather Apart from the risks due to lightning strikes, high winds, hail, and heavy rain also pose a significant danger. Therefore, it is especially important for you to be prepared for, and react to, changes in weather as quickly as possible. Make sure every crew has working radios or lightning strike meters that can be activated anytime they observe a change in weather conditions. Every supervisor must be able to recognize the signs of an oncoming thunder and lightning storm. Towering clouds with a “cauliflower” shape, dark skies, and distant rumbles of thunder or flashes of lightning. Don’t wait for lightning to strike nearby before taking cover. WWJ

Thunderstorm Checklist When a thunderstorm threatens, get inside a home or large building, or inside an all-metal vehicle (but not a convertible). Inside a building, avoid using the landline, except for emergencies. Wireless and cordless are just fine. If outside, with no time to reach a safe building or a vehicle: — Don’t stand underneath a natural lightning rod such as a tall, isolated tree. — Avoid projecting above the surrounding landscape, like you would do if you were standing on a hilltop, in an open field, on the beach, or fishing from a boat. — Get out of and away from open water. — Stay away from wire fences, clotheslines, metal pipes, rails, and other metallic paths that could carry lightning to you from some distance away. — Avoid standing in small isolated sheds or other small structures in open areas. — In a wooded area, seek shelter in a low area under a thick growth of small trees. — In an open area, go to a low place such as a ravine or a valley. Be alert for flash floods. If you’re isolated in a level field or prairie and you feel your hair stand on end (lightning is about to strike!), drop to your knees, bend forward, and put your hands on your knees. Don’t lie flat on the ground.

ROBBCO PUMPS INC

MANUFACTURE OF SUBMERSIBLE AND LINESHAFT PUMPS

806-749-7475

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IDALOU, TEXAS ,USA Twitter @WaterWellJournl

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Water Well Journal May 2012 57/

By Alexandra Walsh

Top 10 HR Tips for Small Businesses Effective people management is critical for small businesses. Follow these tips to success.

s a small business, you’re only as good as your people. This means effectively managing your people is more important than ever. In fact, it’s a must. Here are 10 human resources tips for small businesses.

1. Know what your legal employment obligations are. Changes to employment take place frequently. If you are laying people off, then make sure you follow best practices and state and federal regulations in order to avoid costly unfair dismissal or discrimination claims.

2. It’s not just about the money. Financial rewards are only one way of rewarding and motivating staff, and research proves it is a relatively ineffective tool to do so. Studies have found the most important factors cited were interesting work, work-life balance, and the working environment. There may be interesting and diverse incentives you can use to reward your staff. Offer flexible working patterns or put in place recognition programs. These can result in improved employee engagement and performance. Small businesses should not ignore nonfinancial rewards as they are a vital tool for retaining and motivating employees.

Alexandra Walsh is the vice president of Association Vision, a Washington, D.C.–area communications company. She has extensive experience in management positions with a range of organizations.

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A flexible organization will better meet the challenges facing it in these economically uncertain times. 3. Make your employees feel valued. Don’t underestimate the importance of new employee orientation. Even if you have only one employee, it is important to give all new workers an employee handbook that contains all the relevant information about the company and procedures in place. Involvement in team meetings from day one will ensure a culture of teamwork is fostered and strengthened.

4. Communicate, communicate, communicate. Talking to staff in a small company is just as important as in a big organization. Communication will foster a more open working environment where mutual respect between managers and employees can thrive. In addition, by consulting with employees you will give them a sense of feeling valued, of having their issues and concerns listened to, as well as tapping into a well of knowledge that could benefit your business. Making sure employees know what’s happening in their own organization and the wider industry is important, whatever the size of the company. Lack of

information can spark rumors and dent morale. But information overload is just as destructive because employees won’t have time to read it and might miss important news.

5. Be flexible. A flexible organization will better meet the challenges facing it in these economically uncertain times. The benefits of a flexible approach are considerable—increased productivity, less absenteeism, increased loyalty to the organization, and improved staff well-being. Flexibility can reflect the structure of a company’s resources, such as having a core team supported by part-time or outsourced staff when the business needs it. You can implement flexible working practices such as parttime working or job-sharing. Introducing new technologies also enables small businesses to embrace the concept of flexibility.

6. Get creative when competing with larger employers for good workers. Even if you can’t compete monetarily with larger employers in the groundwater industry, you can get creative. Small companies have an advantage over larger companies because they can quickly and inexpensively introduce low-cost or no-cost creative perks. Consider allowing workers to extend their shifts in the summer so they “earn” one or two Fridays off a month. Try feeding them regularly—breakfast treats once a week or a monthly lunch that’s on the company. waterwelljournal.com

7. Be clear. Clarity is so essential to running a company, regardless of size. Be clear about the companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s business goals and expectations. Make sure workers clearly understand the organizationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rules, language, and culture.

8. Training, training, training. Taking employees out of work for a training course can be difficult in a small business where people usually fulfill more than one role. But in most industries, and this includes the groundwater industry, training is essential if you want to keep up with your competitors. The best training for a small company is short sessions focussed on a specific need. Consider joining up with other businessesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;it cuts the cost of training and time spent away from the office. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Training clustersâ&#x20AC;? of companies in the same geographic area produce economies of scale and allow workers to learn from different approaches. Trade associations like the National Ground Water Association, business clubs, chambers of commerce, and state

and federal agencies like the Occupational Safety and Health Administration can all play a part in bringing small companies together. Training sessions can take place in industrial parks or even spare rooms in shopping centers.

9. Designate an HR â&#x20AC;&#x153;go-toâ&#x20AC;? person. Very few small businesses can afford to employ a full-time human resources manager. But personnel issues are too important to leave up to chance. Every company should have a strategy to deal with areas such as training, keeping staff informed, health and safety, maternity cover, and pay awards. Putting a senior manager in charge of seeing to it all these areas are covered highlights the importance of human resources to the rest of the organization. The manager should review HR policies regularly and make sure staff knows HR is there for them too.

10. Consider outsourcing. According to the Small Business Administration, small business owners spend anywhere between 7% and 25%

of their time handling employee-related paperwork. Not the most productive use of their time. But by outsourcing some or all of their employee-related functionsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;such as payroll, benefits, health care or recruitment and retentionâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;small business owners can focus on what they do best. And in the process, they can improve productivity and even save some money. Give some thought to using a human resource outsourcerâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;also known as a professional employer organization (PEO) or an administrative service organization (ASO). The main benefit of using such an outsourcer as opposed to hiring or designating someone in-house is the depth and breadth of expertise these companies bring. Put another way, instead of hiring one generalist, you get dozens of industry-specific experts. WWJ

Get Business Tools Check out the latest texts to aid your business in the NGWA Bookstore at www.NGWA.org. The store has the latest titles in the industry and a section dedicated to â&#x20AC;&#x153;business management.â&#x20AC;?

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Water Well Journal May 2012 59/

By Michelle Nichols

We’re All in Sales, All the Time The skills, intuition, and insights that close deals also sweeten our daily lives. In a sense, we’re all making our pitch, whether at work or at home.

hen I tell people I’m in sales, they sometimes recoil and say, “Gee, I’m so glad I’m not in sales.” I always wonder about that reaction because I love being in sales. Perhaps they didn’t hear me correctly and think I said, “I’m in jail.” However, when I take a closer look at their faces it is all too clear that they are serious. Professional salespeople make more money than some lawyers or doctors. They also have more freedom with their time. It can also be very creative or analytical. What’s not to like about that?

Not My Job No matter what your job title is, a general understanding of sales is a good idea for every employee in a business. The basic skills of listening for customer needs, then translating those needs into solutions your company can provide, is the basis of all sales. In practical terms, this means no one in the company can say, “Sales is not my job.” Just imagine if everyone in your company—from the receptionist to the scheduler to the purchaser to the accounts receivable clerk—had the mindset that sales really is part of their job. Not that they have to know how to overcome objections and close the sale. But if they can be trained to listen for Michelle Nichols is a professional sales speaker, trainer, and consultant based in Reno, Nevada. Her Savvy Selling Success Pack is available through NGWA. She can be reached at (775) 303-8201 or at michelle.nichols@savvyselling.com.

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No matter what your job title is, a general understanding of sales is a good idea for every employee in a business. potential selling opportunities and then turn the opportunity over to the sales team, everyone in the company would benefit. After all, it’s more fun and rewarding to work for a successful company than one just barely hanging in there.

Inside Sales Besides, what employee wouldn’t want to know the basics of sales? They’ll be able to do their own job better, as they “sell” other employees on ways to work together more smoothly. For instance, perhaps one employee needs to sell another employee on why they should structure a report a certain way, or approve the purchase of some equipment. In addition, employees sell those outside the company, for example, to negotiate better rates with your vendors. When all employees have and use basic sales skills, you’ll have happier customers and employees. That’s a double-win! Bear in mind that selling doesn’t have to involve a physical product or a formal service. Some of the most frequently “sold” items are ideas, opinions, and points of view. If you have a suggestion to reduce waste and cut your outfit’s overhead, a political opinion to change a current law that impacts your

business, or a civic crusade about zoning, taxes, or another business aspect you aim to launch with a letter to the editor of the local paper, each of those is selling. Seen from this perspective, it can make you wonder what those people who say they’re not in sales actually do all day. There’s an old saying, “If you aren’t selling, you’re buying.” Believe me, it’s true. If you aren’t presenting your thoughts in a way that sells the other person on adopting your point of view, then you’re probably buying their opinion. If sales prospects convince you that your price is too high or your product is not the right fit, they’ve successfully sold you their negative opinion.

Engineering Consent Basic sales skills are even recommended for techies—engineers, lab rats, and other technical folks. Some time back I received a letter that read: Dear Michelle, I am not a sales or a marketing person. In fact, I am a hard-core engineer and have been so for over 10 years. However, I believe that selling is not just limited to presenting a product, but to everything in our lives. Succeeding in winning the heart of the perfect match, getting accepted to a good school, finding the right job, winning the approval of your board, getting elected to office, or motivating your kids—it doesn’t matter which, you need to sell.

Numbers-oriented professionals who also understand sales are a real asset to any business. I once spoke to an associwaterwelljournal.com

ation of hydrologists and these experts wanted to know more about how to sell their ideas, products, and services more easily and quickly. I’ve also spoken to pharmacists, silicon chip manufacturers, and geologists—all technical professionals.

The Universal Salesman There are many professions that sell but don’t call themselves salespeople. Sometimes they prefer to call it persuading, influencing, or negotiating. This includes those in law enforcement, lobbyists, and lawyers. College recruiters, whether they’re on the prowl for students or student athletes, are also in sales. Dr. Barbara Pletcher, who founded the National Association for Professional Saleswomen, used to say that selling is just making it easier for others to say “Yes” than “No.” Regardless of your occupation or job title, to be successful in today’s competitive world, everyone in your company must learn to also think of themselves as being on the sales team. Those who learn the basic ideas of sales and use them in every aspect of their lives will find they have more success, impact, and happiness. And so . . . happy selling! WWJ

Get more sales information online! Go to www.waterwelljournal.com and see other complete Water Well Journal articles that will help you with your sales skills. WWJ’s online home features current and past articles, daily news posts, buyers guides, and links to other valuable information. Bookmark the page today!

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

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Circle card no. 37

Water Well Journal May 2012 61/

By Ron Slee

Blogs and Communications I feel like I’m being inexorably pulled into the 21st century.

have a 35-year-old daughter, and like most fathers, she is the apple in my eye. I’m proud of her, but there are challenges to our relationship. She is young and I’m old. She is a texting queen and I’m just getting comfortable with e-mail. I think you get the idea. Well, guess what? I have been forevermore yanked into the 21st century. I am now on Twitter with @RonSlee, and have a blog at www.learningwithoutscars.com. I invite you to follow me on both. Oh and yes, my daughter got me on both. You might wonder why this is important to us in the parts and service world. It’s easy. Our customers span a range of generations many of whom are comfortable in the Twitter, Facebook, texting, and blogging worlds. No one can afford to leave out a complete segment of customers. You need to be involved in the media methods of their choice.

A Communication Method You’ve heard me talk about market segmentation and services-dominant marketing. Everything in our world today is about providing specific customer service to each customer. The days of one size fits all have been over for some time. But we still are constrained by the Ron Slee is the founder of R.J. Slee & Associates in Rancho Mirage, California, a consulting firm that specializes in dealership operations. He also operates Quest Learning Centers, which provides training services specializing in product support, and Insight (M&R) Institute, which operates “Dealer Twenty” Groups. He can be reached at ron@rjslee.com.

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No one can afford to leave out a complete segment of customers. You need to be involved in the media methods of their choice.

costs of market coverage. We can’t afford to provide every customer with their preferred individual levels of customer service. We have to segment the market, and there is a specific segment of our customers who are on Twitter and blogs every day. Social media is just another method for us to communicate. It is a means through which we can share thoughts and ideas. We can reach out to specific customer types and share a message. It’s another form of direct mail, isn’t it? I’m a neophyte with Twitter and blogs, having been around the two for just a month. I do, however, intend to become well enough versed in them so that I can make good use of them to communicate with my clients and my world of influencers and followers. Water Well Journal is on Twitter @WaterWellJournl and the magazine’s content is available on the Internet at www.waterwelljournal.com. I think this is a good thing and another means through which the journal can communicate with its market.

Media of Choice Communications is important. Getting messages out to the market is

important. With market segmentation we have dealt with machine and system population counts, and the relationships suppliers and customers experience through the level of purchases. What we haven’t dealt with is the media of choice through which we should consider our communications. I recently worked with a dealer who had a nice cross section of ages and experiences. There were some in the room who preferred personal visits and telephone contacts, others who wanted e-mail, and even some who used text messaging to communicate with the marketplace. My point with social media is that it is just another means to the same end. I don’t think we can afford to leave out any of the communication outlets. When we talk about market coverage, we have to balance the cost of faceto-face communication with the benefit of it. The same is true with the use of telephone market coverage. And now we have Twitter and blogs—just more communications methods.

Reexamine the Methods So here we are. We need to reexamine market coverage methods. I suggest we redefine the criteria through which we have segmented our customers. It used to be simply socioeconomic criteria. Then we moved towards market potential coupled with market realization or market capture rates. This has lovingly been called “share of wallet.” We have used these methods for 30 or 40 years now. The communications revolution started with America Online (AOL). waterwelljournal.com

The device which it used was an 800 number that AT&T misunderstood and it cost them dearly. When AOL started, it replaced Tymnet and Telenet as the two main communication vehicles on the Internet. They charged by the hour, and with the 800 number AOL purchased volumes of time and then turned around and allowed customers to park online without any cost. The latest recurrence of this is with the smartphones and tablets. Communication vehicles have changed yet again. Texting has almost replaced telephone calls with the younger generation. For those of you who have a young smartphone user with a monthly texting contract, your bill will give you a hint as it is probably dozens of pages long. Take the hint. We need to pay attention to the world around us or we risk being left behind. So far there is no pain for me in using Twitter. It is just another vehicle through which I can communicate with people. The same goes for my blog. Of course you can tell me directly by following me on Twitter or reading and commenting on my blog. I look forward to hearing from you. The time is now. WWJ

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Explore hydraulic fracturing issues and solutions at this daylong NGWA forum! Hydraulic Fracturing: Scientific and Technical Approaches to Protect Groundwater (#5035) Columbus, Ohio s June 27, 2012 This forum brings together scientific and technical experts to examine and discuss some of the various issues regarding hydraulic fracturing, including groundwater protection and the potential for impacts to drinking water supplies. Topics that will be addressed include, among others: s Water testing s Well construction integrity s Technologies for wastewater management. Register by May 28 to save on fees!

800 551.7379 s www.NGWA.org s 614 898.7791 NGWA has a long history of offering quality educational programming on all things groundwater. From conferences, short courses, and Webinars to our annual NGWA Expo and brown bag online sessions, NGWA is a recognized leader in groundwater education.

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Water Well Journal May 2012 63/

COMING

EVENTS

May 2–3/ 2012 Water Technology Conference/ Clovis, California. Web: www.cvent.com/events/2012-watertechnology-conference/event-summary-aae 491454c02429db0a9a214f8315e01.aspx May 3–5/ 2012 Florida Ground Water Association Convention & Trade Show/ Orlando, Florida. Web: www.fgwa.org/ events.cfm May 6–10/ 2012 NGWA Ground Water Summit: Innovate and Integrate— Succeeding as a Groundwater Professional in a Water-Short World/ Garden Grove, California. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA .org May 9/ Public Water Issues: A Conference for Communities, Contractors, and Consulting Professionals/ Garden Grove, California. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org May 10–11/ Groundwater Economics/ Garden Grove, California. PH: (800) 5517379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org May 13–19/ Drinking Water Week/ Web: www.bcwwa.org/public-info/drinkingwater-week.html May 22–23/ 2012 Water Technology Innovation Cluster Conference: Making Water Connections/ Dayton, Ohio. Web: www.makingwaterconnections.com May 23–26/ Canwell 2012: Canadian Groundwater Symposium/ Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Web: www.canwell2012.ca June 4–6/ Hydrogeology Field Methods Course: What You Didn’t Learn in School Short Course/ Andover, Minnesota. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org June 5–6/ Underground Infrastructure Research (UIR) International Conference and Trenchless Technology Road Show 2012/ Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. Web: www.civil.uwaterloo.ca/catt/ TrenchlessRoadshow2012/roadshow.htm June 10–14/ ACE 12: American Water Works Association Annual Conference & Exposition/ Dallas, Texas. Web: www .awwa.org/ACE12/index.cfm

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June 24–27/ 46th U.S. Rock Mechanics Geomechanics Symposium/ Chicago, Illinois. Web: www.armasymposium.org/ index.html

September 27–29/ Washington State Ground Water Association Convention/ Pasco, Washington. Web: www .wsgwa.org/events-calendar.htm

June 25–29/ The Sixth International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology/ Houston, Texas. Web: www.aasci.org/conference/env/2012/index .html

September 28–29/ New Mexico Ground Water Association CEU Blitz/ Ruidoso, New Mexico. Web: www.nmgwa.org

June 26–27/ NGWA Focus Conference on Midwestern Groundwater Issues/ Columbus, Ohio. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org June 27/ Hydraulic Fracturing: Scientific and Technical Approaches to Protect Groundwater/ Columbus, Ohio. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

October 5–6/ Empire State Water Well Drillers’ Association Fall Meeting/ Windham, New York. www.nywelldriller .org/news.asp October 14–16/ Alabama/Mississippi Section of the American Water Works Association Annual 2012 Conference/ Web: www.almsawwa.org/default.asp? ID=192&pg=conference+2012 October 14–20/ Earth Science Week/ Web: www.earthsciweek.org

June 28/ Water Sampling and Laboratory Procedures/ Dover, New Jersey. Web: www.cpe.rutgers.edu/courses/current/ eo0102ca.html

October 16–17/ NGWA Focus Conference on Gulf Coast Groundwater Issues/ Baton Rouge, Louisiana. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA .org

July 21–23/ 2012 South Atlantic Well Drillers Jubilee/ Virginia Beach, Virginia. PH: (540) 740-3329, E-mail: info@well-drillers.com, Web: www.jubilee watershow.com

October 18–20/ California Groundwater Association Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Sparks, Nevada. Web: www.groundh2o.org/events/ index.html

July 27–28/ Empire State Water Well Drillers’ Association Summer Meeting/ Verona, New York. Web: www.nywell driller.org/news.asp

November 8/ 2012 Ohio Water Well Association Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Columbus, Ohio. PH: (888) 2940084

August 13–15/ 2012 Florida Rural Water Association Annual Training and Technical Conference/ Daytona Beach, Florida. Web: www.frwa.net/training/AC/12AC/ 12ACPreConference.htm

November 11–14/ North Carolina AWWA-WEA 92nd Annual Conference/ Raleigh, North Carolina. Web: www .ncsafewater.org/events_education/ conferences/ac2011

September 11/ Protect Your Groundwater Day/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 8987786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

December 4–7/ 2012 NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting/ Las Vegas, Nevada. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

September 16–21/ 39th IAH Congress: Confronting Global Change/ Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. Web: www.iah2012.org September 18/ World Water Monitoring Day/ Web: www.worldwatermonitoring day.org September 24–26/ State and National Rural Water Association’s WaterPro Conference/ Nashville, Tennessee. Web: www.waterproconference.org

*Dates shown in red are National Ground Water Association events. *Dates shown with are events where the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation’s McEllhiney Lecture will be presented. Lecture schedules are subject to change. Check www.NGWA.org for the latest information.

waterwelljournal.com

STATE

WATCH

NEWS FROM NGWA’S STATE GROUNDWATER ASSOCIATIONS

Colorado

Michigan

Mountain States

Nearly 250 attended and 35 exhibited at the 2012 Colorado Water Well Contractors Association Annual Conference, January 5-7 in Denver. NGWA Board Director Todd Hunter, CWD/PI, presented a one-hour class on business tools available for contractors and suppliers. It included an overview of NGWA’s Web site where one can NGWA Board Director Todd Hunter, access these tools and CPI resources. “The current economic environment has made it difficult for many contractors,” says Hunter, owner of Ground Water Pump Systems in Boulder. “Some are no longer in business and many are considering closing up shop. Much to their disadvantage, the pricing structure driven by some contractors is such that running a profitable and professional business is becoming more difficult. “The state does have well inspectors who try to provide oversight on construction violations and unlicensed contractors. The budget for their program is tight and they are tasked with a large area and too few people.” Marvin Glotfelty, RG, 2012 NGWREF McEllhiney Lecturer, also presented at the conference. The National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation is operated by the National Ground Water Association as a 501(c)(3) public foundation. Glotfelty’s McEllhiney Lecture is titled “Life-Cycle Economic Analysis of Water Wells—Considerations for Design and Construction.”

More than 30 exhibitors and 100 attendees took part in the Michigan Ground Water Association 84th Annual Convention, March 12-13 in Battle Creek. NGWA President John Pitz, CPI, attended the convention. Pitz, president of N.L. Pitz Inc. in Batavia, Illinois, gave a presentation on the groundwater profession.

The Mountain States Ground Water Association Expo drew 175 attendees and more than 50 exhibitors, February 9-11 in Laughlin, Nevada.

Montana The Montana Water Well Drillers Association 2012 convention drew 75 attendees and 20 exhibitors, February 1-3 in Billings. The state is revising exempt water well laws. Montana’s association is attempting to establish reasonable and enforceable regulations. John Pitz, CPI, the NGWA President, was in attendance and gave a presentation on the groundwater profession.

South Carolina Nearly 75 attended and more than 25 exhibited at the South CarNGWA President olina Winter Meeting John Pitz, CPI and Trade Show, February 3 in Columbia. As with many states, budget cutbacks are hurting the regulatory issues. South Carolina’s association is connected to its state agency. Griffin Crosby Jr., NGWA vice president of the contractors division, gave a presentation and answered questions afterwards.

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Idaho The Idaho Ground Water Association Annual Convention drew 100 attendees and 16 exhibitors, held January 30 to February 1 in Boise. Have state association news? Send to Mike Price at Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081, or e-mail mprice@ngwa.org.

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Water Well Journal May 2012 65/

NEWSMAKERS of municipal and industrial water treatment solutions.

NEW ADDITIONS Water-Right Inc., a manufacturer of water treatment equipment, announced the addition of Ethan Granger as inside sales representative. In this new position, Granger’s focus will be on customer sales support, including product awareness of WaterRight’s specialty products and support for Ethan Granger the outside sales team. Summit Drilling, one of the Northeast’s largest environmental services companies, announced the hiring of Dermot Dillon, a 27-year drilling industry veteran. Dillon comes to Summit Drilling after 17 years with SGS North America where he served as a branch manager and later as a division manager in SGS’ operations. Prior to his success in management, Dillon spent 10 years in the field and is a certified master driller in New Jersey and a licensed driller in Delaware and South Carolina. In addition to the hiring of Dillon, the company has recently moved its

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Atlas Copco is now the exclusive distributor in the United States for Germany’s Hütte Bohrtechnik highperformance crawler drills and tooling for geothermal and directional drilling, micropiling, and exploration. PROMOTION From left to right, Tory Donnelly, vice president of operations for southern New Jersey; Greg Adams, COO; Dermot Dillon, Summit Drilling’s new client services manager; and Robert R. Krelick Jr., Summit Drilling’s CEO.

southern New Jersey operations from Beverly to a larger 10,000-square-foot facility in Mount Laurel. The regional office has also added five new field services team members, two master drillers, three driller assistants, and one operations manager. BUSINESS GROWTH Filtronics Inc. announced the addition of GE Water & Process Technologies’ reverse osmosis systems to its line

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WaterGroup, a provider of water treatment solutions throughout North America, announced that Brian Mills will become the Canadian sales director. In his new role, Mills will be responsible for driving revenue growth throughout Canada and will apply his valuable understanding of the industry and the regulations required for water treatment in his sales approach. RETIREMENT Bob Zader, vice president of Alps Wire Rope Corp., an importer of wire rope from Asia and Europe, is retiring after nine years. Zader’s career started at Bell Labs and moved forward to AT&T for more than 30 years.

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High Quality Valves Built To Last…

68/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

Merrill Manufacturing introduces two new stainless steel hydrant elbows. The SSHE125 is 1¼-inch insert by 1¼inch MIP and the SSHE1000 is 1-inch insert by 1-inch MIP. Each connect plastic pipe to male iron pipe. Each hydrant elbow is made of investment cast 304 stainless steel for strength and economy.

Circle card no. 7

Golden Software’s Voxler 3 Creates Customized 3D Models and Images from Scientific Data

Golden Software Inc., a provider of scientific graphics software, announced the release of Voxler 3, a complete scientific 3D data visualization and graphics application. Voxler 3 enables users to quickly import data in a multitude of file types to create stunning graphics to explore the relationships between 3D data sets. This robust program gives the user the power to display data in a variety of colors, views, and 3D formats—3D rendered volumes, isosurfaces, straight and deviated wellbores, 3D block models, contours, 3D slices, orthographic and waterwelljournal.com

FEATURED oblique images, scatter plots, stream lines, and vector plots. Circle card no. 62

Blackhawk’s Edge Pneumatic Piston Pump Performs Across Several Landfill Applications Blackhawk Technology Co., a manufacturer of above-well-drive piston pumps, introduces the Edge Pneumatic Piston Pump in two models. Edge Model 101 pumps deeper than airlifts, to 281 feet. Models 101 and 102 maintain constant flow rates regardless of TDH—airlift models suffer from rapidly diminishing flows as head decreases at lower levels in the well or sump. Edge Model 102 pumps at a constant 5 gpm to beyond 160 feet. Model 102 delivers increasingly positive flow comparisons vs. airlifts beyond 60 feet of head. The Edge is an everyday workhorse pump designed to perform across several landfill applications, including leachate pumping, gas-well dewatering, and condensate recovery sump. The Edge significantly reduces lifetime operational expenses. Rugged materials and a clean, simple design contribute to long pump life. Because drivers and controls are above the wellhead, servicing is easy and safe.

losses and hydraulic shocks occurring in the pumping system. It features a standard epoxy coating (NSF-approved powder) ductile iron body to support deep set pumps. An exclusive stainless steel guided poppet system ensures the valve automatically adjusts noiselessly from high to very low flow rates. The radiuses of the valve seat allow a self-cleaning “one point swiping action” by the radius-edged custom molded rubber seal disc. All

internal parts are made from corrosionresistant materials and have a high strength durable design. Circle card no. 64

Solinst Flexible Multilevel System Allows More Detailed Site Characterizations Obtain superior quality subsurface data using a Solinst Multilevel System. CMT Systems monitor multiple depthdiscrete zones within a single borehole.

The new benchmark for robustness, reliability and versatility www.indarpump.com

Circle card no. 63

Flomatic Offers Patent-Pending Submersible Pump Check Valve

For more than 70 years Indar has been presenting great solutions to its customers. Not only in terms of design, manufacturing and services for submersible equipment, but also by offering different construction choices. A wide range of product options, makes Indar submersible units some of the most versatile, robust and reliable products in the worldwide market.

Flomatic Corp. introduces a new, special patent-pending submersible pump check valve for use with variable frequency drive control submersible pumps. Standard check valves will “chatter” and be noisy when a VFD goes to low flow, causing premature wear and eventual failure. The unique Model 80DI VFD valve is designed to minimize flow Twitter @WaterWellJournl

PRODUCTS

Christian Wehrli, Exclusive Agent for USA, Phone: (786) 268 79 33 Christian.wehrli@indarmh-usa.com www.indarpump.com

Main features:

series

Power: From 40 HP up to 2680 HP Speed: From 735 rpm to 3500 rpm Voltage: From 220 V to 11000 V Motor protection type: IP 68

Indar Máquinas Hidráulicas SL Circle card no. 18

Water Well Journal May 2012 69/

FEATURED

PRODUCTS

BY ). 7%,, 4%#(./,/')%3 ).#

Depth-discrete soil gas and groundwater data provides assessors with a better understanding of the three-dimensional flow and distribution of contaminants in the subsurface. The result is defensible data, which allows more detailed site

characterizations and more accurate site conceptual models, enabling increased confidence in decision making. CMT Systems are easy to install. In-field design flexibility allows the number of monitoring ports, port locations, and monitoring strategy to be finalized right on site. Monitor up to seven discrete zones in the 1.7-inch system and three in the narrow 1.1-inch system. The single tube offers effective sealing. Monitoring zones packed off using bentonite eliminate vertical contamination between sand-packed

s )NSTALLED IN v v v OR LARGER WELL CASING s %ASY INSTALLATION s 3TAINLESS 3TEEL OR 06# TANK s #ONSISTENT WATER PRESSURE s %LIMINATES FREEZING PROBLEMS s %LIMINATES TANK AND PUMP NOISE s 3AVES VALUABLE HOUSE SPACE s %LIMINATES TANK CONDENSATION s #AN BE INSTALLED WITH EITHER A VARIABLE OR CONSTANT SPEED PUMP s YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY

3OUTH 0ORCUPINE ,AKE 2D s ,ENA 7) 4/,, &2%% s &AX WWW INWELLTECH COM s %-!), INFO INWELLTECH COM

70/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

Circle card no. 19

sampling ports. Convenient sand and bentonite cartridges are available for isolating monitoring zones in 3-channel systems. Circle card no. 65

Get â&#x20AC;&#x153;In-Siteâ&#x20AC;? to On-Site Systems with Control Panel from SJE-Rhombus SJE-Rhombus, a provider of quality control solutions for water and wastewater applications, introduces a new, easy-to-use data logging control panel. The EZ Series In-Site CL control panel is designed to quickly connect to a laptop computer for system programming, monitoring, and reporting. The control panel is designed to control one or two 120/208/240V single phase pumps in water and sewage installations. It features a Modbus Port located on the inside door to quickly connect to a Windowsbased PC to download system events which have occurred, including pump run times, pump cycles, alarm conditions, HOA settings, power outages, and service calls. The In-Site software (included) automatically formulates system data, up to 4000 events, creating easy-to-read reports so system conditions can be monitored and corrected. Circle card no. 66

Ergodyne Launches Tent Weight Bags Ergodyne announced the expansion of the Shax Portable Work Shelter Series to include Shax 6094 Tent Weight Bags. These new tent weight bags feature an innovative, patent-pending funnel design, allowing workers to easily fill the wide opening with up to 40 pounds of sand or dirt using any job site shovel. Other tent weight bags feature hook and loop closures which can collect waterwelljournal.com

FEATURED sand and dirt that can become unusable over time. Ergodyne’s new Shax 6094 Tent Weight Bags use a differentiating drawstring for a secure closure and an effective no-fuss solution. Additionally, the tent weight bags feature a handle at the top for easy worker transport once filled. Circle card no. 67

McElroy Releases DataLogger 4

ble the screen resolution of its previous dataloggers, and a pressure sensor with a 0 to 3000 psi pressure range. The DataLogger 4 should have worldwide appeal, with multilingual support and recognition of many international fusion standards. The new FusionGuide feature gives a faster “go/no-go” interpretation of graphs generated by the datalogger. Trained inspectors can look at the FusionGuide data to determine if a fusion joint was fused with correct pressures and times according to supported standards. Technicians will also be able to provide temperature readings using their own preference of pyrometer. Circle card no. 68

The DataLogger 4 from McElroy offers the ability to record and document the pipe fusion process. The latest generation of datalogger is smaller in size, has a rechargeable internal battery, dou-

Emerson Releases Combustion Flue Gas Analyzer

PRODUCTS

lyzer provides accurate measurement of the oxygen remaining in the flue gases coming from combustion processes such as boilers, incinerators, kilns, process heaters, and industrial heating furnaces. By maintaining the ideal level of oxygen in the flue gases, optimal efficiency is achieved and the lowest levels of NO X, CO, and CO 2 are produced. The in situ design of the 6888 analyzer places a zirconium oxide sensing element at the end of a probe that can be inserted directly into a flue gas stream.

Emerson announced the release of the latest solution for combustion flue gas analysis, the Rosemount Analytical 6888 in situ O 2 analyzer. The 6888 ana-

Circle card no. 69

Make a difference by investing in the future of the groundwater industry—the kids . . . Donations to the Len Assante Scholarship Fund make it possible for NGWREF to award undergraduate scholarships to assist those studying groundwater-related fields whether in a two-year drilling associate degree program or a four-year college program. Since the fund’s inception, and thanks to the generosity of past donors, NGWREF has awarded more than 125 scholarships to date. Help keep the future of the industry moving forward. Donate today to the Len Assante Scholarship Fund: s Visit www.NGWA.org s Call 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791). Operated by NGWA, NGWREF is a 501(c)(3) public foundation focused on conducting educational, research, and other charitable activities related to a broader public understanding of groundwater.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Circle card no. 33

Water Well Journal May 2012 71/

Classified Advertising/Marketplace 15 Bits Bits, subs, stabilizers, hole openers, etc. Over 10,000 bits in stock.

R L C Bit Service Inc. 8643 Bennett Rd. P.O. Box 714 Benton, IL 62812 www.rlcbit.com Ph: (618) 435-5000 Cell: (618) 927-2676 Cell: (618) 927-5586 Fax: (618) 438-0026

Jason Corn E-mail: rlcbit373@frontier.com Rick Corn E-mail: rlcbit77@frontier.com

3 Appraisals

18 Breakout Tools

Equipment Appraisals

BREAKOUT TOOLS

Nationally recognized and accredited equipment appraisals for water well drill rigs and well drilling equipment for banks, lenders, mergers, accountants, estate planning, IRS, and auctions. Experienced, knowledgeable, and recognized worldwide in the water well drilling industry. Accurate and conﬁdential appraisal reports.

SALVADORE AUCTIONS & APPRAISALS 401.792.4300 www.siaai.com

19 Bucket Drill Rigs E Q U I P M E N T WA N T E D Gus Pech bucket/boring rigs, any condition. Support equipment, buckets, etc. Other brand considered. (816) 517-4532 / Jared Sisk

72/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

SEMCO Inc. All Hydraulic Hydrorench S110H In Stock 1-10 Four Rollers Breaks Pipe Make Pipe to Torque Specs 800-541-1562

Didn’t find what you were looking for? Try NGWA’s Career Center at www.careers.ngwa.org for more opportunities. Whether you are looking for the right job or the right employee, the NGWA Career Center can provide you with an industry-specific listing to hone your search. Questions? Call Rachel at 800 551.7379, ext 504, or e-mail at rjones@ngwa.org.

Palmer Bit Company has been recognized worldwide for providing the highest quality bits to the drilling industry for over 50 years. We manufacture bits for drilling everything from clays to limestone. With our experience we can help lower your bit cost, with the proper bit selection for your drilling conditions. We are available 24/7 to assist you with any questions you may have. Call 800-421-2487 Satisfaction Guaranteed www.palmerbit.com MC/VISA accepted

FOR SALE: 30 to 40 roller bits (mostly new), 55⁄8 to 57⁄8 , air to bearing. Call (603) 942-5581.

22 Business Opportunities BUSINESS FOR SALE: Water well drilling and pump service in southern New Mexico. Two commercial acres, 2700 sq. ft. building, all drilling and pumping equipment. Annual sales average one million dollars. Price negotiable. Call (575) 649-2019. BUSINESS FOR SALE: Northern Colorado water well business for sale. Owner is ready to retire. Business has thrived for 35 years! A devoted clientele awaits an energetic and knowledgeable person. All rigs and equipment are top of the line and very clean. Priced well under market value for quick sale at $400,000. Call (970) 686-7676.

Add a color to your display classified ad for only $49. Please call Shelby to make arrangements 1-800-551-7379 ext. 523

waterwelljournal.com

57 Direct Push Supplies

Manufacturer of Pre-Pack Screens ♦ 4" ID Pre-Pack NOW AVAILABLE ♦ Standard Pre-Pack When You Would Set A Traditional Well ♦ Economy Pre-Pack When Cost Is A Factor

♦ 20% Open Area High Yield Pre-Pack For Use In Low Yield Wells

♦ All Stainless Steel Pre-Pack For Aggressive Groundwater Environments

60 Down Hole Inspection

75 Electric Motors

Waterwell Camera Inspection Systems

EQUIPMENT WANTED: Electric motors wanted. Vertical hollow shaft pump motors. 20 to 500 hp good or bad, will pick up. PH: (800) 541-1562.

♦ Non-Metal Pre-Pack

CCV Engineering & Manufacturing

When Metal Components Are Not Compatible

♦ Annular Seals

An Aries Industries Company

Foam Bridges, Bentonite & Quick-Sleeves

♦ CUSTOM Pre-Packs and

Bentonite Packs *** A Johnson Screens Distributor*** **We Stock Geoprobe® Compatible Supplies & Tooling** *Proactive® Pumps Master Distributor*

800-671-0383 • 559-291-0383 Fax: 559-291-0463 E-mail: jim.lozano@ariesccv.com On the web at www.ariesccv.com

80 Employment HELP WANTED: Experienced driller and crew. Florida. Mud and reverse-air. Large diameter municipal wells. CDL required, Class A preferred. E-mails to SED@ southeastdrilling.net or call (855) 374-5540.

101 Grouters

Toll Free 1-888-240-4328 Phone: 1-609-631-8939

♦

Fax: 1-609-631-0993

ectmfg.com ♦ proactivepumps.com ♦ torquerplug.com

90 Equipment New Low Prices

Low yield well? Get more water without overpumping. www.wellmanager.com ✔ Use on wells yielding as little as 0.10 gpm. ✔ Turn-key collection and delivery system. ✔ Fits through 24” doors. ✔ Good money from bad wells. For more information, log-on or call 800-211-8070. © Reid Plumbing Products, LLC

Did you know? Well Manager Water Well Journal classified advertisements appear online (at no additional cost) Classified Display Ad each month at www.waterwelljournal.com/category/ineveryissue/classifieds “Overpumping” Water WellitJournal Check out! B&W 2 col 4.25” x 2” 1-2-12 1570 WM

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

2009 Armstrong Grouter. Built by Rose-Wall Manufacturing Inc. Double hopper, 63 gallon stainless tanks, 26HP, Kubota diesel. Asking $16,950. For more information call Frank (574) 699-6773 or (765) 438-8500.

112 Miscellaneous FOR SALE: Geothermal loop field purge cart. Ball bearing cart, waterproof switch/ GFCI. BANJO camlock fittings/three way valves. Brass, copper, stainless, HDPE, and construction. ITT Goulds pump Model 1MC1F4B0 11⁄2 HP TEFC. 120 VAC 60 GPM @ 50 ft. of head. $1595. Call (201) 960-0196, E-mail joelbeane@msn.com.

Water Well Journal May 2012 73/

71 Drilling Equipment

FOR SALE: 1975 Cyclone 36R combination drilling machine. Sputter and rotary combination, rotary derrick, retractable table, hydraulic mast, 275 drill rod, 500 CFM Gardner Denver air compressor, miscellaneous bits. Torn apart, needs reassembled. All parts are included, some new, some used. $8,000 or best offer. Call Bill Bowen (740) 622-2770.

98 Generators

Drills…Parts…Financing We Can Serve All Of Your Drilling Needs! Call For Complete List Of New & Used Drills & Parts

www.higrig.com FREE Call - (800) 292-7447 (270) 325-3300 Fax: (270) 325-3405 Office: 2594 Stiles Ford Rd. Hodgenville, KY Shop: 1797 Bardstown Rd. Hodgenville, KY

76 Elevators J & K To o l C o m p a n y I n c .

Kwik Klamps 1 & 2 (adjustable 1 –2 or 21⁄2 – 4 ) NEW – Kwik Klamp 3 (for 6 PVC) Elevators for PVC well casing (sizes 1 –16 ) Heavy Duty PVC Elevators (sizes 4 –8 ) Flush Joint PVC Pipe Clamps (sizes 4 –24 ) www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

1 – 16 Elevators All steel with safety latch.

Standard Manufacturing

Largest water well pipe elevator manufacturing company in the United States.

Phone:

SEMCO of Lamar 800-541-1562 Fax 719-336-2402

Credit Cards Accepted

(936) 336-6200 (800) 337-0163 Fax: (936) 336-6212 E-Mail: StandardManufacturing @yahoo.com Web site: www.standardmfg.com

Dealers Wanted

SkyRex Water Well Elevators 2 thru 36 Also lightweight PVC elevators Now Available!

“Complete Reverse Circulation Drill Strings”

Rex McFadden 7931 19th Lubbock, TX 70407

Ph (806) 791-3731 Fax (806) 791-3755 www.rexmcfadden.com

74/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

105 Injection Pumps

106 Installation Accessories

115 Mud Pumps

Heat Shrink from B&B Wholesale

Hydraulic drive mud pumps â&#x20AC;&#x201D;small and lightweightâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;

"We are the heat shrink people"

3 #; + ;

/ 8 7 , / 0 1 . 0 1 ,, 2 #"" 1 " 3 4

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, 1 ,. . 7 * , 9, * 8 , : * , , * , !!"#$ %&'!!"( #) #! * +&'!!"( #) !$)# *, -* ,.

- Heat shrink kits for #14 to 4/0 wire - Volume pricing - Custom kits made to order - Private labeling available - Quick shipping - Four types of heat shrink tubing in stock - Large selection of installation accessories including pressure gauges, tapes, valves and tank ďŹ ttings packages Supplying "Made in USA" heat shrink tubing to pump and well installers since 1994. 800-593-9403

71/2 10 duplex pump â&#x20AC;˘ Fits in the place of a 5 6 â&#x20AC;˘ Pumps 300 GPM at up to 800 PSI â&#x20AC;˘ Weighs 1000 lbs. less than a 5 6 â&#x20AC;˘ Single and three cylinder models also available

Centerline Manufacturing U.S Pat. #6,769,884 and others pending

903-725-6978

JOURNAL

www.centerlinemanufacturing.com

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Classified Advertising Rates

Line Classified Ads

(2 â &#x201E;4 columnâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;approx. 39 letters and spaces per line): $8 per line, $32 minimum (4 lines) 1

There is no discount for multiple runs.

No new equipment advertising accepted in line advertisements.

Display Classified Ads

Single column 21â &#x201E;4 inches wide OR Double column 411â &#x201E;16 inches wide (per column inch â&#x20AC;&#x201C; min. depth 2 column inches): 1 month: $60 per inch 3 months: $58 per inch 6 months: $55 per inch 12 months: $49 per inch

To place a classified advertisement in Water Well Journal, please send ad text to Shelby Fleck by e-mail at sfleck@ngwa.org or fax to 614 898.7786. Upon receipt, you will be contacted and provided a quote. Thank you!

116 Mud Systems DESANDER

Mini-Desander

MUD MIXER CM Consulting & Equipment Jerry Mason Specialist in your drilling and grouting problems. 1640 Oppenheimer Rd., Bedford, PA 15522

(814) 623-1675

(814) 623-7285 FAX

Add a color to your display classified ad for only $49. Please call Shelby to make arrangements 1-800-551-7379 ext. 523

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal May 2012 75/

125 Pump Hoists 2012 Models

S4,000 Pump Hoist, 8,000# cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,245

S6,000 Pump Hoist, 16,000# 3L cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $16,445

S8,000 Pump Hoist, 22,000# 3L cap., 36 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 7T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $20,845

S10,000 Pump Hoist, 30,000# 3L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 9T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $28,545 S12,000 Pump Hoist, 48,000# 4L cap., 44 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 11T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,945

controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$53,845

S25,000 Pump Hoist, 100,000# 4L cap, 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro control and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$61,545 S30,000 Pump Hoist, 120,000# 4L cap, 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro control and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$76,945

New Equipment in Stock

S6,000 SEMCO, 35 , PTO, RC, PR, 2 spd., aux., 11 bed, toolboxes, 2011 Dodge 5500, 6.7L diesel, 6 spd., automatic, 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $77,598

S6,000 SEMCO, 44 , PTO, 2 spd., 16,000# cap., RC, PR, aux., light kit, service body, mini bed, 2012 Dodge 5500, 6.7L D, stand. transmission, 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . $81,580

Used Equipment in Stock

M33 Jessen/Monitor, 1-PR, SB, 1995 Ford F-350, gas, 5 spd., 4 2 . . . . . . . . . $17,900

M34 Jessen/Monitor, RC, PR, SB w/1992 GMC Top Kick, 3116 Cat, 5 spd. . . $19,500 5T Smeal, PR, bed, toolboxes, 2004 Ford F650, Cummins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$34,950

Walker-Neer 20T rated, double cathead, sandreel, 3rd leg, 1976 Chevy . . . . $19,500

S15,000 SEMCO, 48 , AS PTO, sandreel, BO cylinder, aux., 2 spd., oil cooler, light kit, PT hookup, 2006 International 4300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$87,312

Upcoming Trades

S30,000, 48 , AS PTO, BC outriggers, cathead, 2 spd. winch, sandreel, 2-aux., oil cooler, light kit, 22 bed, toolboxes, 2002 Freightliner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $94,000

SEMCO Inc.

S8,000 SEMCO, 40 , PTO, aux., 2 spd., RC, light kit, PR, PT hookup, 12 bed, toolboxes, bumper w/rec. hitch, 2012 Dodge 5500, 6.7L diesel, 6 spd., 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . $83,267

S20,000 Pump Hoist, 80,000# 4L cap, 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro

S30,000, 84 , 56 , BC outriggers, HD cathead, 2 spd. winch, sandreel, AB for sandreel, aux., oil cooler, light kit, power arm, 22 bed, toolboxes, 2012 Freightliner 108SD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$259,711

P.O. Box 1216 7595 U.S. Highway 50 Lamar, CO 81052 (719) 336-9006 / (800) 541-1562 Fax (719) 336-2402 semcopumphoist@yahoo.com www.SEMCOoflamar.com See our ad on page 43.

128 Pump Pullers

129 Pumps

137 Services

S15,000 Pump Hoist, 60,000# 4L cap, 48 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $40,645

REPAIRS: Eastman deviation survey clocks (mechanical drift indicators) repaired. We also have three, six, and twelve degree angle units, charts, and other accessories in stock. Call Downhole Clock Repair, (325) 660-2184.

860-651-3141

fax 860-658-4288

76/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

132 Rig Equipment

135 Rigs Enid Drill Systems Inc www.eniddrill.com 580-234-5971 Fax 580-234-5980

4510 E Market, Enid, OK 73701 USA

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New rigs—custom designs

Quality rig repair service

New and used equipment needs

“Transfer of Technology” - the must have book for all drillers!

FOR SALE: 2000 T25 DRILTECH, serial no. 732476, CAT C15, 526 HP, 1000 CFM air, 10,000 hours. 420 4½ drill rod, 3½ regular. Mounted on Sterling 9501, powered by CAT C12 400 HP, Miller Bobcat 225 AMP welder, Meyers Fracturing Pump. $195,000. Call (603) 942-5581.

Drill Faster, Cheaper, Smarter. www.sonic-drill.com

$, ( 14/ &

SONIC DRILL CORPORATION Suite 190, 119 N. Commercial St, Bellingham, WA 98225 1.604.792.2000 (ext 104) or 1.604.306.3135

9 / $5/ /9 8 : 7 / (' / ,

Put your company’s message here!

139 Slotting Machines J & K To o l C o m p a n y

PVC Screen Slotting Machines

PVC Threading Machines

Perforating Machines Affordable, easy to operate automated machines with touch screen programming.

www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

1988 Speedstar model 30-KD. Caterpillar 3408 diesel engine. Sullair model 900 screw compressor, 900 CFM @350 PSI. Complete tophead rotary assembly, 1988 Navistar F-2674 Cummins L-10 diesel engine.

Classified advertising is a great way to reach the water well industry. Call Shelby to make arrangements at 1-800-551-7379 ext 523.

2001 International 9200/TC built by Rose-Wall Mfg. Inc. 2000 gallon water tank, LiftMoore model 2530X-30 crane, rod slide and bit box, Ramsey 20,000 lb. winch, hydraulic system for crane, Bowie 2300 water pump, 100 gallon auxiliary fuel tank.

Call (505) 250-9477 for more information.

160 Trucks 30-Freightliner Trucks 6 6, 60 Series Detroit, HT740, Allison Trans., Rockwell Axle, 68KGVW, 315/80 R22.5 Michelin, Low Miles SEMCO, Inc. Phone (800) 541-1562 Water Well Journal May 2012 77/

176 Water Level Measurement

Ground Water Monitoring Instrumentation Geokon, Inc. manufactures high quality hydrological instrumentation suitable for a variety of ground water monitoring applications.

Phone: 760-384-1085

Fax: 760-384-0044

Geokon instruments utilize vibrating wire technology providing measurable advantages and proven long-term stability. The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology Geokon, Incorporated 48 Spencer Street Lebanon, New Hampshire 03766 | USA

Only $995

Place probe in well Turn unit ON

Read level

1 • 603 • 448 • 1562 1 • 603 • 448 • 3216 info@geokon.com www.geokon.com

Waterline Envirotech Water level indicators made in the USA for over 30 years.

360-676-9635 www.waterlineusa.com

www.wellprobe.com Sonic Water Level Meters Since 1978

• • • •

Measures to 2000 ft Built-in data logger Nothing to lower in the well NO Contamination!

For more information, ask your local distributor or contact us at: Phone: (910) 778-2660 Toll Free (888) 803-3796

www.enoscientific.com

78/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

Time Tested & Customer Approved 303-443-9609

Order Online in May For a 10% Discount Visit www.splicekit.com for the most complete assortment of heat shrink splice kits available. Choose from standard CLEAR kits for wire sizes 14 thru 4. A full range of step down and transition kits as well as splices for wire sizes up to 4/0 are in stock for immediate shipment. Or call: 866-766-2730

waterwelljournal.com

178 Water Treatment

185 Well Rehab get rid of

Iron bacteria! One time treatment! Works every time! When others fail, we don"t! Real technical services.

Who else?

get rid of

Coliform too! The new chlorine

• 200 times more effective than regular chlorine for coliform. • no pre-blending to control pH • competitive price to regular chlorine • NSF approved • free technical service, if 3 failures • distributor map is on the web site

180 Water Trucks Specializing in quality custom built epoxy coated Flattanks any gallon or tank length sizes with or without material handling IMT cranes. All tanks are sandblasted and painted with polyurethane paint. Many options available.

Now for De-chlorinating Sterilene

Chlor

“Oust” ppm Who else? Engineered for convenience and durability, allows the user to operate at any type of drilling operation. Our drill site rig tenders are built with simplicity and functionality. Call us for our used truck – new tank inventory list.

NORTHWEST FLATTANKS Steve Wipf (406) 466-2146 E-mail: steve@northwestflattanks.com

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Check out our new Web site

Cell (406) 544-5914 www.northwestflattanks.com

Toll free 888-437-6426 Email info@designwater.com web site: designwater.com

Water Well Journal May 2012 79/

184 Well Packers

186 Well Screens

Serving Your Complete Packer Needs i INFLATABLE PACKERS - Pressure Grout, Wireline, Water Well,

ENVIRONMENTAL SERIES

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Advantages of Surge Block Method Most effective way to develop any well Produces more water, less color and turbidity Only the surge block method â&#x20AC;&#x153;back washesâ&#x20AC;? the well screen, removing clay bridge, sands and silts Flexible wiper creates suction and pulls water into the screen (not available with other methods) Constructed of inert long-lasting materials Capable of lifting water over 50 feet Removable ball valve prevents water from flowing back into well and will not clog with sediments Fast, effective and saves time and money

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Applications Include: +\GURORJLFDO 7HVWLQJ Â&#x2021; ,QMHFWLRQ :LWKGUDZDO Â&#x2021; 6WDQGDUG &XVWRP 6L]HV 0DWHULDOV :DWHU 0LQLQJ (QYLURQPHQWDO Â&#x2021; *URXWLQJ 6DPSOLQJ *HRWHFKQLFDO +\GURIUDFWXULQJ Â&#x2021; 5HFLUFXODWLRQ :HOOV Â&#x2021; 6WHDP ,QMHFWLRQ Â&#x2021; 5HOLQH &DVLQJ To discuss your questions and applications, call

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80/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

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Well screen manufacturer: stainless steel, galvanized and carbon steel. Sizes: 0.75" to 24.0" OD. Rod base, pre-pack and pipe base screens. Environmental flush joint monitor pipe, T&C stainless drop pipe, drive points, etc. Contact: Jan or Steve 18102 E. Hardy Rd., Houston, TX 77073 Ph: (281) 233-0214; Fax: (281) 233-0487 Toll free: (800) 577-5068 www.alloyscreenworks.com

waterwelljournal.com

JOURNAL

184 Well Packers A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Coming Soon Make sure to check out the Water Well Journal June issue as it features WWJ’s Annual Buyers Guide.

Ph. 303 789-1200 or 800 552-2754 Fx. 303 789-0900

186 Well Screens

The buyers guide is the most complete in the industry and is a must if you are considering purchasing equipment or supplies. It features complete contact information of manufacturers, suppliers, and manufacturer representatives, a directory of trade names, and a complete index of products and services. Look for the issue soon!

Get Safety Resources Online You can never be too safe, so take advantage of safety resources online. Go to the Web site of the National Ground Water Association and check out the resources it has available at www.NGWA.org/ Professional-Resources/safety/ pages.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Also while you’re at the Web site, make sure to check out NGWA Press’ newest safety item, Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry, a set of 52 sheets that provide information so companies can hold weekly safety meetings on topics specific to their industry.

Water Well Journal May 2012 81/

Circle card no. 13

Card No./ Page

A.Y. McDonald Mfg. 1 2 (800) 292-2737 www.aymcdonald.com AMISTCO 2 1 (281) 331-5956 www.amistco.com Baker Mfg., Water Systems Division 3 20 (800) 523-0224 www.bakermfg.com Boshart Industries 4 61 (800) 561-3164 www.boshart.com CCV Engineering & Mfg. 5 63 (800) 671-0383 www.ariesccv.com Cotey Chemical 6 18 (806) 747-2096 www.coteychemical.com Delta Screens 53 67 (713) 856-0300 www.deltascreens.com Flomatic 7 68 (800) 833-2040 www.flomatic.com Foremost Industries 8 55 (800) 661-9190 (403) 295-5834 (fax) Franklin Electric 9 14 (260) 824-2900 www.franklin-electric.com GEFCO/ King Oil Tools 10 59 (800) 759-7441 www.gefco.com Geofluid 25 21 www.geof luid.it Geo-Hydro Supply 11 11 (800) 820-1005 www.geohydrosupply.com Geoprobe ® Systems 12 13 (800) 436-7762 13 82 www.geoprobe.com Grundfos Pumps 14 IFC (913) 227-3400 www.us.grundfos.com Heron Instruments 15 66 (800) 331-2032 www.heroninstruments.com Hoeptner Perfected Products 16 46 (408) 847-7615 www.freezeflow.com Hydroflo Pumps 17 25 www.hydroflopumps.com Indar Pumps 18 69 (954) 563-8437 www.indarpump.com

In-Well Technologies 19 70 (920) 829-5690 www.in-welltech.com Jet-Lube 20 IBC (800) 538-5823 (713) 678-4604 (fax) Laibe/Versa-Drill 21 29 (317) 231-2250 www.laibecorp.com Lorentz Solar Water Pumps 22 OBC (888) 535-4788 (866) 593-0777 www.lorentz.de MARL Technologies 23 8 (800) 404-4463 www.marltechnologies.com Marks Products/ Allegheny Instruments 24 83 (800) 255-1353 www.geovision.org Merrill Mfg. 26 35 (712) 732-2760 www.merrillmfg.com Mount Sopris Instruments 27 65 (303) 279-3211 www.mountsopris.com Mud Technology International 28 16 (903) 675-3240 www.mud-tech.com NGWA/Awards 52 10 (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Groundwater Expo 30 44 (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Hydraulic Fracturing Forum 31 63 (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Membership 32 17 (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/NGWREF 33 71 (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Water Well Journal Web Site 34 54 (800) 551-7379 www.waterwelljournal.com NGWA/WellGuard 35 19 (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org National Pump 36 49 (800) 966-5240 www.nationalpumpcompany .com

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INDEX OF

ADVERTISERS

Card No./ Page

North Houston Machine 37 (800) 364-6973 nhmi2@earthlink.net Pullmaster Winch 38 (604) 594-4444 www.pullmaster.com Robbco Pumps 39 (806) 749-7475 www.robbcopumps.com SEMCO 40 (719) 336-9006 www.semcooflamar.com SMP 41 (806) 748-6040 www.smppumps.com Shakti Pumps 42 (818) 231-0455 www.shaktipumps.com Solinst 43 (800) 661-2023 www.solinst.com Sonic Drill 44 (604) 888-1388 www.sonic-drill.com

Southwire 45 (770) 832-4590 www.southwire.com Star Iron Works 46 (814) 427-2555 www.starironworks.com Sumoto 47 0444/490515 www.sumoto.com Tibban Mfg. 48 (760) 954-5655 www.tibban.com Unitra 49 (281) 240-1500 www.unitrainc.com Woodford Mfg. 50 (719) 574-1101 www.woodfordmfg.com Wyo-Ben 51 (800) 548-7055 www.wyoben.com

GeoVISION Borehole Cameras TM

By Marks Products Inc. www.geovision.org For a free DVD, call (800) 255-1353 or e-mail jeff@geovision.org

●

Some features of the GeoVISIONTM Deluxe System: ● Excellent video from places that no other systems will work. ● Five cable lengths for video inspection to 2000 feet underwater. ● Six interchangeable camera heads for use in bores from 1 inch to many feet in diameter. ● Motorized pan-tilt for use in mines and wells over 4 inches in diameter. Dual Scan micro camera for easy switching between down and side views All GeoVISIONTM systems come with excellent support, practical advice, and repair service.

Circle card no. 24

Water Well Journal May 2012 83/

CLOSING

TIME

“Closing Time” is the page of Water Well Journal that showcases—you! It will always feature a few pictures of people at work at job sites around the world. Please send in photos and brief descriptions and you just

may be the subject on the last page of an issue of WWJ. And remember, if your photo is selected as the cover image of WWJ, you receive $250. If your photos are selected, you will be

Robbins Water Service Inc. of Shamong, New Jersey, completed a geothermal project earlier this year on oceanfront property in Avalon, New Jersey.

The job consisted of installing three 400-foot, 1¼-inch U-bend loops. The drilling was through sand and clay. Robbins Water Service has been a family-operated business since 1910.

84/ May 2012 Water Well Journal

asked to fill out a photo disclaimer form that grants the National Ground Water Association the royalty-free right to display the photos. Please send high-resolution digital photos to tplumley@ngwa.org.

The project was a tight fit. The company’s Failing CF-15 table-driven mud rotary rig was set between two new-build homes and there was approximately 3 feet between the mast and the side of one home.

The images were taken from balconies of both new-build homes, offering interesting views of the project. Photos submitted by Geoffrey Dickson of Robbins Water Service.

waterwelljournal.com

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