September 2012

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NGWA debuts pump safety DVD, page 16

JOURNAL

September 2012

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Simple Solution for a Complex Water Crisis, page 19 Also inside: End-of-life issues and universal well care for exempt wells, page 23

What a safety supervisor needs to know, page 30

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JOURNAL

Vol. 66, No. 9 September 2012 www.waterwelljournal.com

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

FEATURED ARTICLES 19 Simple Solution for a Complex Water Crisis By Jennifer Strawn

The Water4 Foundation equips local workers in 30 countries to drill wells and build their own groundwater contracting business. 23 Examining Exempt Wells By W. Todd Jarvis and Adam Stebbins

Care for exempt wells provides opportunities for the water well industry. 28 Water Well Personalities By Mike Price

Going Green Page 19

DEPARTMENTS In This Issue What You’re Saying Industry Newsline The Log Web Notes Coming Events Newsmakers Featured Products Classified Marketplace Index of Advertisers Closing Time

IN EVERY ISSUE 6 Editor’s Note Swing for the Fences

12 ber 20

Septem

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About the cover A well installed by a team from the Water4 Foundation stands out in front of the big sky of Zambia. See the feature article on the Water4 Foundation on page 19. Photo submitted by Dick Greenly of Pumps of Oklahoma. ®

Member of BPA Worldwide. The Water Well Journal (ISSN #0043-1443) is published monthly by the National Ground Water Association, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. Printed and mailed at Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, and additional mailing offices. Postal acceptance: Periodical (requester subscription circulation) postage paid at Westerville, Ohio, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. Canada Post/ Publications Mail Agreement #40739533. Return address: 4960-2 Walker Rd., Windsor, ON N9A 6J3.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal September 2012 3/

JOURNAL A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Advancing the expertise of groundwater professionals and furthering groundwater awareness.

Chief Executive Officer Kevin McCray, CAE kmccray@ngwa.org NGWA President John Pitz, CPI Director of Publications/Editor Thad Plumley tplumley@ngwa.org Associate Editor Mike Price

mprice@ngwa.org

Copyeditor Wayne Beatty

wbeatty@ngwa.org

Production and Design Janelle McClary jmcclary@ngwa.org Advertising Shelby Fleck Vickie Wiles

sfleck@ngwa.org vwiles@ngwa.org

Circulation Coordinator Katie Neer kneer@ngwa.org Contributing Writers Ed Butts, PE, CPI; Donald W. Gregory; David T. Hanson; William J. Lynott; Michelle Nichols; Christine Reimer; Al Rickard, CAE; Ron Slee; Lana Straub; Jennifer Strawn; and Alexandra Walsh Editorial, Advertising, & Publishing Offices 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081 (800) 551-7379 Fax: (614) 898-7786 Selected content from Water Well Journal is indexed on Ground Water On-Line™ at www.NGWA.org/gwonline ©Copyright 2012 by the National Ground Water Association. All rights reserved.

Our circulation is audited, ask for a statement today.

Page 23

FEATURED COLUMNISTS 30 Safety Matters by Jack Glass, CIH, CSP, QEP, CHMM What a Safety Supervisor Needs to Know— Part 1 Create an environment where choosing the correct safety action is the easy choice.

34 Engineering Your Business by Ed Butts, PE, CPI Groundwater Treatment Part 6(b). More About Corrosion

38 People at Work by Alexandra Walsh Preventing Workplace Violence Workplace violence is a major concern for employers and employees nationwide.

42 The After Market by Ron Slee What Are You Doing to Deserve Your Customers’ Loyalty? It’s much more than smiles and thank you.

An APEX award winner 10 consecutive years with 22 total awards, most in the groundwater industry.

44 Savvy Selling by Michelle Nichols What Counts: Need, Money, Urgency Don’t be afraid to spurn prospective customers who lack even one of these. They just aren’t worth your time.

The views expressed in the columns are the authors’ opinions based on their professional experience.

4/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

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EDITOR’S

NOTE

Swing for the Fences t all started with a simple letter. My brother-in-law Scott and his employer sent a letter to Major League Baseball in 2008 stating they could help reduce bats breaking into multiple pieces, a problem that was receiving a lot of publicity that summer due to a few highly-televised injuries. “Why not?” Scott thought when they fired off the letter. His company—like the groundwater industry—had slowed tremendously due to the decrease in home construction, so why not send a letter to baseball’s bosses and see if it nets a new opportunity for the firm. Well, guess what happened? Scott’s company was contacted by someone at Major League Baseball. Come to New York. Let’s talk. Home run, baby! Scott’s firm received a one-year contract to take part in a third-party certification and quality control program. Before the first shouts of “Play ball!” in 2009, he and his colleagues studied every broken bat from a two-month stretch of the 2008 season. The group’s finding helped create more stringent regulations for the bat suppliers with the intent to decrease “multiple-piece bat failures.” They also met with all of the approved bat manufacturers before that 2009 season and instructed them on the new regulations and—most importantly—how to test bats to ensure they conform. Finally, they went to almost every team’s spring training site and tested all of the existing maple bats being used by

I

the players. The bats that failed were removed from use in games. So what happened? Multiple-piece failures went down 30% from that 2008 season that had the so-called experts screaming on television and radio. Those numbers netted the company another one-year contract. And at the end of the 2010 season when breaks went down another 10%, the company had a new revenue stream. Scott’s company still certifies all types of structural and non-structural building products from all over the world. The housing start numbers that are starting to slowly climb from the hole they have been in for a few years are still a welcome sight for his firm. But when Scott and his wife, Jennifer, were the guests of Major League Baseball at the All-Star Game this season, I am sure he was glad they fired off that letter. There is no telling what might have happened if they had not. Don’t be afraid to explore any idea you have for your company. It may seem crazy, but these are crazy times. Crazy ideas may be the best ones going right now. Your idea may not result in a grandslam new revenue stream, but right now I’m sure you’d take a few extra hits wherever you can get them.

Thad Plumley is the editor of WWJ and director of publications at the National Ground Water Association. He can be reached at tplumley@ngwa.org and on Twitter @WaterWellJournl.

Advertise your products and services to the groundwater industry’s most influential readership. Call Shelby Fleck and Vickie Wiles in the NGWA sales department at (800) 551-7379. ● ● ● ●

Approximately 25,000 readers every month. More than 19,000 are groundwater contractors. Approximately 4000 reside in professions also allied to the field. Readers reside in every state, Canada, and other international locations. Circulation is audited by BPA Worldwide. Ask for a statement.

6/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

Shelby Fleck

Disclaimer Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association provide information for guidance and information purposes only. This publication is not intended to provide investment, tax, or legal advice. The information contained herein has been compiled from sources deemed reliable and it is accurate to the best of our knowledge and belief; however, Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association cannot guarantee as to its accuracy, completeness, and validity and cannot be held liable for any errors or omissions. All information contained herein should be independently verified and confirmed. Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association do not accept any liability for any loss or damage howsoever caused in reliance upon such information. Reader agrees to assume all risk resulting from the application of any of the information provided by Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association. Trademarks and copyrights mentioned within Water Well Journal are the ownership of their respective companies. The names of products and services presented are used only in an educational fashion and to the benefit of the trademark and copyright owner, with no intention of infringing on trademarks or copyrights. No endorsement of any third-party products or services is expressed or implied by any information, material, or content referred to in the Water Well Journal. Subscriptions/Back Issues For questions, changes or problems with your subscription call Katie McKee. Subscriptions: Water well contractors and other qualified groundwater industry personnel in U.S. and Canada — free; others in U.S. — $105 per year; $15 per copy. Canada – $120 per year; $24 per copy. International: $140 per year; $35 per copy. Subscriptions available through NGWA offices only. We reserve the right to refuse subscriptions to anyone not directly engaged in the groundwater industry. Claims for missing issues must be made in writing within three months of publication and will be subject to the availability of back issues. Advertising Disclaimer Advertisers and advertising agencies assume liability for all content (including text, representation, and illustrations) of advertisements printed and also assume responsibility for any claims arising therefrom made against the publisher. The publisher reserves the right to reject any advertising that it believes is not in keeping with the publication's standards or is deemed unsuitable or misleading.

Vickie Wiles

waterwelljournal.com

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IN THIS

ISSUE

he September 2012 issue of Water Well Journal focuses on global water. Along with a feature story and sidebar article on providing water to those in need around the world, the issue contains other feature articles, columns, and departments that will help make you a better professional.

of the article reads, “About 1.2 billion people in the world don’t have access to clean drinking water.” Strawn goes on to tell how Dick Greenly and his wife, Terri, co-owners of Pumps of Oklahoma in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, are working to solve the water crisis one drilling team at a time with the Water4 Foundation, a charity they founded in 2008. The foundation has teams that use a wet drilling method to install well systems in needy parts of the world. Volunteers

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The cover story by freelance writer Jennifer Strawn is titled “Simple Solution for a Complex Water Crisis” on page 19. The sobering first sentence

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also equip local workers with the tools to drill wells and the foundation trains them on proper well construction and maintenance procedures so local teams can develop an in- Jennifer Strawn dustry and drill wells long after the volunteers have left. An accompanying sidebar article is titled “NGWREF Grants Benefit Developing Nations” and is found on page 21. It details the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation’s Developing Nations Fund. The NGWREF is a public foundation operated by the National Ground Water Association, and its Developing Nations Fund provides small assistance grants to developing economies throughout the word without access to plentiful supplies of potable groundwater. A feature story titled “Examining Exempt Wells” begins on page 23. Authors W. Todd Jarvis and Adam Stebbins point out old, abandoned wells are everywhere and they can serve as conduits for contaminated water into aquifers as well as personal safety hazards. Programs for and inventories of abandoned wells can be costly. However, such programs provide an opportunity for revenue for the water well drilling industry. Jarvis and Stebbins add that the revenue potential is so great that it drives the need to establish inventories at the state, county, or local levels. An accompanying sidebar article provides details on resources provided by WWJ and the National Ground Water Association on the subject of exempt wells. WWJ published two articles on the subject in 2011, one of which was a column authored by attorneys who provide general counsel to NGWA. NGWA also published an Information Brief in 2011 titled “The Regulation of Exempt Wells in the West.” It is a 10-page document that gives information on exempt wells in 17 western states. This month’s installment of the Safety Matters column is the first half of a two-part series titled “What a Safety Supervisor Needs to Know—Part 1.” Starting on page 30, columnist Jack

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IN THIS

ISSUE GeoVISION Borehole Cameras TM

Glass points out it can be easy for safety to get set aside by company managers in today’s busy working world. However, he adds that the responsibility is the same for managers at huge firms as well as small ones, and with that in mind he details the importance of establishing a culture of safety at companies and how to get started doing so. Among the ways are not putting the burden on employees and for the manager to walk the walk when it comes to safe work habits. Associate Editor Mike Price concludes his three-part series highlighting the National Ground Water Association’s certification program, focusing on the designation of Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller. In this month’s Water Well Personalities article, “Going Green� on page 28, Price chats with Jarrell Greene, CVCLD, who is part-owner of Greene’s Water Wells Inc. in Gray, Georgia. Greene was one of the first to earn the CVCLD designation in early 2011 and it has helped him successfully complete geothermal jobs in a competitive marketplace. Mike Price The designation reflects an individual who has passed a written exam administered by NGWA that evaluates an individual’s knowledge of the skills and competencies associated with constructing a loop well.

By Marks Products Inc. www.geovision.org For a free DVD, call (800) 255-1353 or e-mail jeff@geovision.org

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Protecting the groundwater resource protects your livelihood.

Urge your customers to ACT on Protect Your Groundwater Day, September 11. s Acknowledge CAUSES OF PREVENTABLE GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION SUCH AS IMPROPER DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS HOUSEHOLD SUBSTANCES MALFUNCTIONING SEPTIC SYSTEMS AND IMPROPERLY ABANDONED WELLS

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s Consider WHICH APPLY TO YOU s Take action TO PREVENT OR CORRECT CONTAMINATION 6ISIT WWW .'7! ORG 09'7$ FOR MORE INFORMATION ON WHAT YOUR CUSTOMERSˆ AND YOUˆCAN DO TO MAKE THIS YEAR S 0ROTECT 9OUR 'ROUNDWATER $AY A SUCCESS

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Water Well Journal September 2012 9/

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hen you were a kid, you the option had one to declare of the most a “do over” any important Photo courte do around time you things that sy Tom Christo made a the mistake. we Cho pherson protects the well because it’s Missed a ose the righ what drinking wate layup durin t grouting consumer.” basketball r for the material. game with g a pick-up your budd Do over. Here are steps Struck out ies? This choic on the diam job done quick to get your next Do over. ond? regulation e should be based grout ly and witho on state s and on-si “do over.” But the days ut a costly te states cond of itions speci calling a “do fy are gone. . over” the regulation suitable grout mate Most Follow good rials in “We’re not choose the s, but then it’s up drilling prac kids anym to you to best optio ‘do over’ It may seem tices. n unde costs us mone ore and now a tions based Whittle, a on your know r the regulay,” says Mark an important like a no-brainer southeast , but it’s conditions. ledge of local step account repre tive with “If you can’t nonetheless. Baroid Indus senta“Sometime drill a hole Products. trial Drill and get your efficiently ing a boilerplate s we want to fall back design,” Chris Getting the whether it’s casing in the groun on says. d, open ende topherson “But the time is alwa job done right the well, how d or a scree not support on-site conditions first ys are ned may so when grout important, but even that Whittle asks. you going to grout more He suggests design.” ing a well. it?” “Unfortun The first step you can with becoming as famil ately, in some the grout iar as the actua to drill a clean to a good grout instances, job fore choo seal is sing a grout l site location bething,” Whit is looked upon as that you’re plann , stable hole, espec mate drilli tle says. “But last ially if rial. ng logs and ing to use grout, says a it’s proba consult your Examine conservatio bly Tom Chris bentonite chip Jennifer Straw state’ n topherson, gram mana n was the vey. Or consi agency or geological s proger with the associate editor surder working Departmen Water Well Nebraska geologist. Journal from of t of Health’s with a hydro to 2007. She Standards 2004 Water Well is currently Prog “Some don’t the intern the Nebraska ram and a coauthor al communica in soil conditions see the value in of Grout Study department tions logging . It’s just Contracto . at Nationwide to them,” Insurance Christophe not important have the holers need to make sure in Columbus, rson says. reality, the they She can be Ohio. “But in properties chips to fall clean enough to allow reached at of the soil a huge impa strawnj2 @gmail.com in a mann the have ct on what a good tight er that gives . materials seal. them you can rely kinds of grout Twitter @Wat erWellJourn adequate on to provide an seal.” l

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Jen, Having the right tools for the job is great, but doing the job right is far more important. Thanks for sharing the exact ratios on the mixes. Some people don’t know that, and runny cement is a huge issue for inexperienced technicians that happens all the time. Cheers. Todd E. Kerry, senior project manager Water Well Solutions Service Group Inc. Illinois Division Office Elburn, Illinois

NGWA Pump System Sizer Featured in Blog Mark Reeder of Franklin Electric Co. Inc. in Indianapolis, Indiana, blogs about NGWA’s recently updated Pump System Sizer digital tool at franklininthefield.com/2012/07/27/ be-the-expert. NGWA members can download it for free in the “Member exclusive content” at www.NGWA.org. Nonmembers can purchase the tool in the Online NGWA Bookstore at www.NGWA.org.

Send Your Feedback to WWJ We want to hear from you! Comment on Water Well Journal articles and other groundwater-related topics by visiting www.waterwelljournal.com, tweeting @WaterWellJournl, or e-mailing Thad Plumley, editor of WWJ, at tplumley@ngwa.org.

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INDUSTRY

NEWSLINE

Congress Informed on Potential Restricted Federal Access to Science Dialogues Legislation in the U.S. Senate has grown worrisome to the science and technology communities. The National Ground Water Association, along with hundreds of other associations, has concerns over provisions contained in S.1789, the 21st Century Postal Service Act, which could potentially limit federal employees from doing their best work on behalf of taxpayers. Section 501 of S.1789 contains provisions that could impact the meaningful exchange of ideas between federal agency policymakers and the communities they engage, oversee, and regulate. The section defines “conference” as a meeting “sponsored by one or more agencies, one or more organizations that are not agencies, or a combination of such agencies or organizations.” The language also prohibits federal agencies from expending funds on “more than a

12/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

single conference sponsored or organized by an organization during any fiscal year, unless the agency is the primary sponsor and organizer of the conference.” In the absence of further statutory definition of “organization,” the term could include any association, corporation, nongovernmental entity, educational foundation, or other group. The “more than a single conference” prohibition narrowly interpreted could limit participation by federal agency employees to a single agency employee attending a single association event for an entire fiscal year. Scientific and technological meetings and conferences are a long-established and productive way to connect experienced industry practitioners with federal agency experts and vice versa. NGWA believes taxpayer dollars already invested in creating scientific and engineering advances by government scientists and engineers will be diminished if those scientists and engineers are restrained from effectively commu-

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nicating their advances through participation in professional meetings and conferences, thus impacting the ability of others to leverage further advances from these investigations. Of course, the government’s scientists and engineers will also be restrained from the potential gains from what they can learn from others also attending professional meetings and conferences. In the wake of the General Services Administration (GSA) scandal, in which the GSA used taxpayer money to throw a lavish party in Las Vegas that involved a clown and mind reader, among other things, NGWA understands and supports the intent of these provisions. But as the legislative process moves forward, NGWA has urged Congress to consider the potential impacts the language as written in this bill could have on legitimate and important science and technology dialogue between representatives of the federal government and private sector professionals, academia, and the general public.

waterwelljournal.com

To date, NGWA has stated its concerns to Congress directly and through coalitions such as the American Geosciences Institute and the American Society of Association Executives. NGWA members are also urged to contact their senators to express their personal concerns with the proposed legislation. Information on contacting members of Congress can be found at www.NGWA .org. Please consider copying NGWA Government Affairs Director Chris Reimer (creimer@ngwa.org) with any congressional communications on this issue.

maining 1800 boreholes in a field on the south area of campus. Construction will continue throughout 2013–2014 and will include a new District Energy Station South containing two 2500-ton heat pump chillers and a hot water loop around the south portion of campus. The system will then connect to all buildings on campus—eventually providing heating and cooling to 5.5 million square feet. “When costs began to escalate for the installation of a new fossil fuel burning boiler, the university began to evaluate other renewable energy options,� Lowe

Ball State University’s Geothermal Project Begins Phase Two In the shadow of two outdated smokestacks and four antiquated coalfired boilers, Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, has started the second and final phase of converting the university to a geothermal ground-source heat pump system—the largest project of its kind in the United States. The conversion, started in 2009 to replace the coal boilers, now provides heating and cooling to nearly half the campus. This phase of the project was dedicated in March. When the system is complete, the shift from fossil fuels to a renewable energy source will reduce the university’s carbon footprint by nearly half while saving $2 million a year in operating costs. Ball State is installing a vertical, closed-loop district system that uses only fresh water. The system uses the earth’s ability to store heat in the ground and water thermal masses. A geothermal heat pump uses the earth as either a heat source, when operating in heating mode, or a heat sink, when operating in cooling mode. Under the direction of Jim Lowe, director of engineering, construction and operations, work was recently completed on Phase 1, which includes two geothermal fields, construction of the North District Energy Station, and connecting buildings on the northern part of campus to the new distribution system. Work has begun on Phase 2, which includes installation of 780 of the reTwitter @WaterWellJournl

says. “This led to the decision to convert the campus to a more efficient geothermal-based heating and cooling system.� The project has caught the attention of universities and communities across the nation. Lowe is sharing information about the university’s new operation with others who want learn how they too can benefit from a geothermal system. Read more about Ball State’s geothermal project at cms.bsu.edu/about/ geothermal.aspx.

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615 Barbed fitting; 1/2� ID Tubing to Surface t /BSSPX EJB XBUFS MFWFM NPOJUPSJOH t )JHI HSPVOEXBUFS TBNQMF JOUFHSJUZ

615C Compression Fitting; 1/4� ID Tubing to Surface t 7BQPS TPJM HBT NPOJUPSJOH Photo on right shows the installation of a 615 Drive-Point Piezometer using a Manual Slide Hammer.

Standpipe Piezometers t 8BUFS MFWFM NPOJUPSJOH t .FUBMT TBNQMJOH

www.solinst.com High Quality Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Instrumentation Solinst Canada Ltd., 35 Todd Road, Georgetown, ON L7G 4R8 Fax: (905) 873-1992; (800) 516-9081 Tel: (905) 873-2255; (800) 661-2023 instruments@solinst.com

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NEWS/from page 13 States Split Between Job Gains and Losses Seasonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment increased in June in 29 states and the District of Columbia and decreased in 21 states, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported July 20. Compared with June 2011, employment increased in all but six states. Construction employment increased for the month in 18 states plus D.C., dropped in 27 states, and held steady in five, according to an Associated General Contractors of America analysis. Over the past 12 months, construction employment climbed in 25 states plus D.C. and declined in 25 states. The steepest year-over-year percentage increases in construction jobs were in D.C. (18%), North Dakota (16%), and Montana (15%). The largest numerical gains in construction jobs were in Texas (24,400), California (17,200), and Arizona (11,200). The largest percentage decreases occurred in Alaska (-21%) and Wisconsin (-11%). Florida lost the most jobs

(-24,600), followed by New York (-12,500), Wisconsin (-10,200), and Illinois (-9900). Housing starts rose 3.7%, seasonally adjusted, from May to June and 24% from a year earlier to the highest level since October 2008, the Census Bureau reported July 18. Single-family starts increased 4.7% over one month and 22% over 12 months. Multi-family starts increased 13% over one month and 28% over 12 months. Building permits dropped 3.7% for the month but increased 19% from June 2011. Single-family permits, a reliable predictor of near-term single-family starts, rose 0.6% and 20%, respectively. Multi-family permits, which tend to be volatile and are more indicative on a year-over-year basis than month-tomonth, fell 11% for the month but increased 19% from a year earlier. Industrial production in manufacturing climbed 0.7% in June, seasonally adjusted, after an identical drop in May. Industrial production was up 4.7% from June 2011. “The output of construction supplies dipped 0.3% in June after having fallen

1.4% in May. Following an increase of 14.7% at an annual rate in the first quarter, construction supplies registered a loss of 1.1% in the second quarter,� according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Capacity utilization in manufacturing rose from 77.3% of capacity in May to 77.7% in June, close to the 1972–2011 average of 78.8%. Together, high capacity utilization and sustained increases in industrial production can signal demand for factory construction and expansions.

Portland State University Study Finds ‘Caffeinated’ Coastal Waters A new study finds elevated levels of caffeine at several sites in Pacific Ocean waters off the coast of Oregon—though not necessarily where researchers had expected. This study is the first to look at caffeine pollution off the Oregon coast. It was developed and conducted by Portland State University master’s student Zoe Rodriguez del Rey and her faculty adviser Elise Granek, assistant professor of Environmental Science and Manage-

Affordable. Convenient. Informative. NGWA Webinars to help you improve your business. s The Employee Stock Ownership Plans Solution (Webinar #863) September 5 s 2-3 p.m. ET Learn how employee stock ownership plans work and how they may be of benefit to you and your business. s Don’t Let New Federal Requirements on Cargo Securement Drive You Out of Business (Webinar #831) September 12 and 13 s 2-3:30 p.m. ET You will gain a better understanding of the cargo securement regulations specifically pertaining to the groundwater industry—an understanding necessary to keep you in business—in this two-part interactive Webinar. s Polymers and Additives: The Power to Modify the Behavior of Dirt (Webinar #846) October 3 s 1-2 p.m. ET Discover how to exert control over problematic downhole conditions that can impede the water well drilling process such as reactive clays or flowing sand.

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WWW.NGWA.ORG/EVENTS-EDUCATION t

ATTEND s LEARN s GROW

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ment, in collaboration with Steve Sylvester of Washington State University, Vancouver. Rodriguez del Rey and Granek collected and analyzed samples in spring 2010 from 14 Oregon coastal locations and seven adjacent water bodies as far north as Astoria and as far south as Brookings. Locations were identified as potentially polluted if they were near wastewater treatment plants, large population centers, or rivers and streams emptying into the ocean. The study found high caffeine levels near Carl Washburne State Park (Florence) and Cape Lookout, two areas not near the potential pollution sources, yet low levels of caffeine near large population centers like Astoria/Warrenton and Coos Bay. High levels were also found following a late-season storm of wind and rain that triggered sewer overflows. The results seem to indicate wastewater treatment plants are effective at removing caffeine, but high rainfall and combined sewer overflows flush the contaminants out to sea. The results also suggest septic tanks, such as those used at the state parks, may be less effective at containing pollution. “Our study findings indicate that, contrary to our prediction, the wastewater treatment plants are not a major source of caffeine to coastal waters,” Granek says. “However, onsite waste disposal systems may be a big contributor of contaminants to Oregon’s coastal ocean and need to be better studied to fully understand their contribution to pollution of ocean waters.” Results of the study were published in the July 2012 Marine Pollution Bulletin, in a paper titled “Occurrence and concentration of caffeine in Oregon coastal waters.”

The study by epidemiologists and biostatisticians at the school, working with an ophthalmologist from the Boston University School of Medicine, found people exposed to higher levels of PCE from gestation through age 5 exhibited poorer color-discrimination abilities than unexposed people. The study, published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, recommends further investigation into the visual impairments associated with PCE exposure. The research team assessed visual functioning among a group of people born between 1969 and 1983 to parents residing in eight towns in the Cape Cod region of Massachusetts. The towns all had PCE in their drinking water because of pipes outfitted with a vinyl liner that was improperly cured. Previous studies led by Ann Aschengrau, professor of epidemiology at the Boston University School of Public Health, have found associations between PCE exposure and cancer, as well as reproductive and developmental outcomes. Increases in the risks of breast cancer and certain birth defects were seen in the team’s prior studies. PCE is a known neurotoxin that was used to apply the vinyl liner of some drinking water pipes. Surveys have estimated more than 600 miles of such pipes were installed in nearly 100 cities and towns in Massachusetts, mainly during the 1970s. Exposure to PCE

If you have a news brief that you would like considered for this department, send a release to Mike Price, Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. E-mail: mprice@ngwa.org. Deadline: 15th of two months preceding publication (September 15 for November issue).

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Study Shows Early Life Exposure to Chemical Solvent in Drinking Water May Affect Vision

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Prenatal and early childhood exposure to the chemical solvent tetrachloroethylene (PCE) found in drinking water may be associated with long-term visual impairments, particularly in the area of color discrimination, a new study led by Boston University School of Public Health researchers has found.

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from drinking water occurs by direct ingestion, skin exposure during bathing, and by inhalation during showering, bathing, and other household uses. The pipes no longer leach PCE, but the chemical is still widely used in dry cleaning and metal degreasing solutions and is also a common drinking water contaminant. In testing vision, Aschengrau and colleagues found people exposed to PCE made more major errors in color discrimination than those not exposed. The levels of color confusion were greatest among people with high exposure levels. PCE previously has been implicated in deficiencies in color discrimination, mainly among adults with occupational exposures. The new study is the first to assess “the associations between prenatal and early childhood exposure to PCE and adult vision,” Aschengrau says. The findings suggest that “the effects of early life PCE-exposure on color discrimination may be irreversible.”

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THE

LOG

NEWS FROM THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Market Your Business and Skills on Protect Your Groundwater Day Could you use more business right now? If so, then consider sharing your expertise publicly by promoting water well and groundwater stewardship during NGWA’s Protect Your Groundwater Day on September 11. The day is a golden opportunity to put yourself before the public as an expert who can help people including well owners learn about protecting the resource that contributes to the drinking water supply for 45% of Americans. Among the ways you can promote groundwater protection to the public:

• Presentations (civic organization, • • • •

public meeting, business open house) Your Web site or Facebook page A news release A news event (invite the media to a well decommissioning) Newspaper or radio ads.

You can get more ideas on how to promote Protect Your Groundwater Day by going to www.NGWA.org and downloading from “Member exclusive content” NGWA’s Public Awareness Toolbox: A Simple Guide to Raising Public Awareness. You also can borrow content freely from NGWA’s Protect Your Groundwater Day Web page. Also, share the Web page with others in your community who also have an interest in groundwater protection, such as the local health department. The page can be accessed by going to www.NGWA.org, and clicking on the “Media Center” tab. If you have questions on how to promote Protect Your Groundwater Day, or to get feedback, contact NGWA Public Awareness Director Cliff Treyens at (800) 551.7379, ext. 554, or e-mail ctreyens@ngwa.org.

NGWA Debuts Pump Safety DVD The National Ground Water Association has released a new DVD in its Online Bookstore covering water system installation and pump service safety. 16/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

Created by NGWA Press and Training Without Boredom in cooperation with WellGuard and The Hartford, Pump Safe, Pump Smart is designed to help water well contracting firms learn about the hazards of pump installation and service and gain new insight to ensure everyone is kept safe. In a fun, highly watchable way, the DVD covers job preparation, site safety assessments, figuring your load, PPE, site mobilization and setup, blocking and leveling, proper handling of the pump column and wire, pulling the pump, inspection, transportation, moving equipment, tools, lighting, maintenance, and more. The DVD follows Drill Safe, Drill Smart, a DVD created by NGWA Press and Training Without Boredom in 2010. Since its debut at the 2010 Groundwater Expo, Drill Safe, Drill Smart has been one of NGWA Bookstore’s best sellers. Whether companies work on small residential wells, mid-size wells, or wells some thousands of feet deep, Pump Safe, Pump Smart is an ideal tool to get crews thinking about safety. More information on it can be found at www.NGWA.org in the Online Bookstore.

Illinois Implements Mercury Restriction on Water Products There have been legislative efforts to prohibit the sale and distribution of products containing mercury in recent years. Certain designs of large horsepower submersible water well pump and motor assemblies may have mercury seals. It is important to recognize laws on mercury use vary from state to state, so you should verify your state’s regulations. For example, as of July 1, 2012, in Illinois it is no longer possible to buy new mercury seal motors. However, in Illinois, if a submersible motor with a mercury seal is in operation, it may remain in service. Maintenance may be performed on a mercury seal motor without violating Illinois state law, as long as the mercury seal is not compromised.

Other water system components or related devices may contain mercury. Many companies have ceased manufacturing mercury-containing products and/or stopped selling such products. The National Ground Water Association recommends contacting product manufacturers to determine if mercury is used now, or was used in the past— and what appropriate action to take, if any, with regard to a mercury-using device in a specific state. The Interstate Mercury Education and Reduction Clearinghouse (IMERC) provides ongoing technical and programmatic assistance to states that have enacted mercury education and reduction legislation. IMERC also serves as a single point of contact for industry and the public seeking information. NGWA suggests members use the IMERC Web site (www.newmoa.org/ prevention/mercury/imerc.cfm) to determine what state regulations apply within a member’s service area. IMERC state members include California, Connecticut, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington, although absence of membership in IMERC does not mean the absence of regulation in a state. Not every state has enacted mercury-use related regulations. NGWA does not warrant the accuracy of this state information. Your state’s regulations should be independently verified. IMERC may be a resource to NGWA members on information such as: manufacturers’ applications for exemptions to the phase-out of mercury-added products; manufacturers’ applications for alternative labeling of mercury-added products; and manufacturers’ plans for collection and proper waste management of mercury-containing materials. Flowmeters measure the flow of gas, water, air, and steam. Some industrial settings may still have mercury flowmeters in use, but research indicates that new flowmeters are manufactured without mercury. Non-mercury flowmeters include digital and ball-actuated flowmeters.

waterwelljournal.com

According to IMERC, the following IMERC-member states currently have restrictions on the sale and/or distribution of mercury-containing measuring devices: California, Connecticut, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington. Additional states that restrict the sale of one or more types of mercury-added measuring devices include Indiana, Michigan, Maryland, Ohio, and Oregon. These IMERC-member states currently have restrictions on the sale and/or distribution of mercury-added switches/relays, individually or as a component in another product: California, Connecticut, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont.

Diversify Your Professional Experience, Become a Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller

CV

CLD

Advances in ground source heat pump technology have emphaABILITY sized the need for a volunEXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE tary certification designation for ground CERTIFIED VERTICAL CLOSED LOOP DRILLER source heat pump drillers. That’s why NGWA is proud to offer its newest designation, the Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller (CVCLD). This new designation reflects an individual who has proven knowledge, skills, and experience in the construction of a closed loop well system for ground source heat pump applications. By becoming a CVCLD, you will increase your professional expertise and your company’s marketability over your competition. Exams for the CVCLD designation can be scheduled by calling PSI LaserGrade at (800) 211-2754 or (360) 8969111 outside the United States. The 75-question exam encompasses the skills and competencies required for geothermal vertical closed loop drilling operations. For more information about the CVCLD certification, visit NGWA’s Web site at www.NGWA.org, scroll to the “Professional Resources” tab, and click on “Certification and exams.” national ground water association

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Alley to Join NGWA Staff William M. Alley, Ph.D., has been named director of science and technology for the National Ground Water Association. Alley recently retired after 18 years as chief of the Office of Groundwater at the U.S. GeologiWilliam M. Alley, cal Survey. He will Ph.D. assume his NGWA post November 13, 2012. “NGWA aspires to be the leading groundwater association advocating for the responsible development, management, and use of water. Bill Alley will help us get there,” said NGWA Chief Executive Officer Kevin McCray, CAE. “I can think of no one better equipped to help NGWA be a 21st century international leader in the dissemination of groundwater-related scientific and technical information. Bill’s depth and breadth of experience will be a real asset in NGWA’s development of policy to wisely use and protect the planet’s groundwater resources.” Alley’s NGWA job responsibilities will include:

• Assuring the scientific and technical •

•

accuracy of information disseminated by NGWA Being the scientific liaison between NGWA and government agencies, international organizations, and related nongovernmental organizations Assisting in the development of conferences and also other professional development programs.

During his USGS career, Alley was a hydrologist in the Colorado District’s Surface Water Branch, Systems Analysis Group. He also served as the groundwater coordinator in the National Water Quality Assessment Program (1986 to 1990) and coordinator of the Regional Aquifer System Analysis Program (1992 to 1993). A longtime NGWA member and volunteer, Alley has been a director of the NGWA Scientists and Engineers Division, served on various committees and task groups, and cochaired the 2007 NGWA Ground Water Summit. His honors include serving as the 2012 David Keith Todd Distinguished Lecturer for the Groundwater Resources

Association of California, being named Fellow of the Geological Society of America in 2009, and receiving the E. Benjamin Nelson Government Service Award of the Groundwater Foundation in 2007, the NGWA John Hem Excellence in Science and Engineering Award in 2001. Preceding Alley in this NGWA position was Dr. David R. Wunsch, now state geologist of Delaware.

Safety Meeting Sheets Available from NGWA Press s Safety Meeting for the

stry Groundwater Indu

®

Company name and location

Safety Meeting for the Groundwater Industry ________________________________________________________

Date ____________________

Be a Safe Driver Practicing good safety habits when you are behind the wheel of a vehicle is crucial at all times. It is not just for long trips or when you are on the highways. Two-thirds of all accidents occur within 25 miles of home and half of all fatal accidents occur at speeds under 40 miles per hour. Each year an average of 5% of water well driller injuries are incurred in traffic accidents and 30% of the reported drilling fleet accidents involve the drilling company vehicle striking another vehicle in the rear because the driver was following too closely or not monitoring traffic conditions and the road ahead. Before you even start your vehicle, you need to fasten your seat belt. And make it a rule that everyone in your vehicle wears a seat belt too. When you are on the road, keep these things in mind: • Be alert and rested prior to each trip. • Driving while under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or fatigue is prohibited. • Drivers must have a valid driver’s license for the type of vehicle they are operating and have it with them at all times. • Other documents, such as DOT logs, may also be required. • Appropriate insurance cards must be carried at all times. • When you are on the road, travel at a safe speed, suitable to the surroundings and type of load you are carrying. Do not speed. • If the road you are on is wet or slippery, drive at a slow speed. • Never attempt to exercise the right of way; let others go first. • Watch for pedestrians—sound your horn to warn them that you are approaching. • Always look behind and to both sides of your vehicle’s rear before backing up. • If you are driving equipment onto a new site or a different part of a work site, inspect the proposed route to verify that there are no hazards (tight turns, under-rated bridges, low clearance areas). • Never follow vehicles so close that you will not be able to make a safe stop. A two-second minimum following distance in city traffic should be allowed for passenger cars and increasing following distances should be used when driving heavy trucks and trailers, including pickup trucks pulling trailers. Extra stopping distance is required when the road is wet or icy.

• Check your vehicle daily before each trip—check lights, tires, brakes, and steering. Never take an unsafe vehicle on the road. If required to complete a DOT vehicle inspection, do it properly and fill out the required form before starting your trip. • Verify load tie downs and security before each trip and at each rest stop. Dropped cargo or equipment is a financial loss to your company and may be fatal to another road user who hits it or swerves off the road while trying to avoid hitting the dropped item. • Clean mud, stones, and other debris off trailers and truck beds before going on the highway where these items can fly off and damage other vehicles or cause injury. • Report all accidents and incidents (dropped cargo, windshield claims, near misses) immediately to your supervisor/manager as well as reporting accidents to official agencies as required by law. • Rear-view and side mirrors should be viewed every three to five seconds. Know where vehicles are around you. Monitor your blind spots by twisting your head to look where the mirrors do not cover, especially during merges, lane changes, and turns. • Keep your eyes constantly moving to check road ahead conditions around you. Your sharp focus vision is roughly a circle 5 feet in diameter at 100 feet. • Be farsighted. In city traffic, look up into the next block or to the next traffic light so you know what problems ahead need to be avoided before driving into them. On the open highway, look at least one mile ahead or to the top of the hill, or as far around the curve up ahead as you can see. Remember, at 60 miles per hour you are approaching the hazard ahead at the rate of ¼ mile every 15 seconds and it can take you 400 feet or more at that distance to stop a medium truck when hitting the brakes. • Help other drivers to see your vehicle at all times. Use headlights early when driving in shadow areas like tree-covered roads, during inclement weather, or when low sun angles can blind other drivers. • Keep vehicle doors locked for security as well as to prevent them from flying open. • Do not transport passengers except in approved equipment. Never allow passengers to ride in the truck bed or the back of the cargo van.

Related topics discussed ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Employee recommendations____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________

®

Related MSDS ____________________ Subject __________________________________________________________ a part of your meet sheets are safe Staff attending meeting ____________________________ ________________________________________________ following safety steps to ensuring Make sure the ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ plan. You’ll be taking your company. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ company’s safety the employees at be practiced by work habits will Supervisor/Manager signature ________________________________________________________________________________ These instructions do not supersede local, state, or federal regulations.

Safety is a critical issue for those working in the groundwater industry. With that in mind, NGWA has created a product that will enable companies to have detailed discussions on a variety of safety topics every week. Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry is a collection of 52 safety meeting sheets created so that a company can have an industry-specific “tailgate talk” each week over the course of a year. The sets are available for purchase in NGWA’s online bookstore. Talking points on a variety of industry-related safety topics are at the top of the sheets. The bottom contains an area where related topics and employee recommendations can be written. There is also a place for all employees attending and the supervisor or manager to sign, signifying their participation in the meeting. The sheets are created on two-part carbonless forms so they can be filed in a manager’s office with a copy available if ever needed. Among the topics are hearing conservation, proper blocking of drill and pump service equipment, properly storing fiber rope, and safety from falling objects. The sets of 52 sheets cost $40 for NGWA members and $50 for nonmembers. Visit NGWA’s Bookstore at www.NGWA.org today to purchase a set, or call (800) 551-7379 or (614) 8987791 outside the United States. Water Well Journal September 2012 17/

WEB

NOTES

FIND IT ON THE NGWA WEB SITE, NGWA.ORG

Secure Booth Space at 2012 NGWA Groundwater Expo The 2012 NGWA Groundwater Expo online booth selection database is up and running for industry manufacturers and suppliers at groundwaterexpo.com and nearly 90% of the initial floor space was sold, so the floor plan was amended to accommodate even more industry manufacturers and suppliers. With the online process, you can request your booth space, complete the exhibit application, and pay for the space with a credit card. The Expo gives you the opportunity to gain direct access to thousands of groundwater professionals. You can meet a year’s worth of contacts in just two days and showcase your products at the most prestigious show within the groundwater industry. Attendees at the Expo are there to inspect and compare products and equipment vital to their livelihood. Click on the “Exhibitor” tab to request your booth space and complete the exhibit application. If you have questions, contact NGWA Director of Advertising and Exhibit Sales Vickie Wiles at

vwiles@ngwa.org, or call (800) 5517379, ext. 593. If outside the United States, call (614) 898-7791.

NGWA’s Community Makes Sharing Ideas and Communicating Easier The NGWA Community is a new discussion group that will make it easier to share ideas and communicate with other NGWA members. The upgraded discussion group will:

• Have an area to post messages and • • • • •

still receive discussion posts in your e-mail inbox Allow you to control how and when you receive messages from the groups Use your NGWA.org Web site login to access your groups Have an enhanced member directory to allow member-to-member networking Update your profile, add your photo, and import your LinkedIn profile for others to view Allow you to post documents, videos, and links.

Please make sure your NGWA membership is up to date to make sure you have access to the discussion group.

You can log on to the site by going to Community.ngwa.org and signing in with your NGWA.org user name and password. To become a member, visit www.NGWA.org.

NGWA’s First Phone App for iPhone Provides Valuable Information A glossary of groundwater and water well terms is available from NGWA as an iPhone application downloadable online in the App Store at www.apple.com/iphone/apps-for-iphone. The application for Apple’s iPhone is $4.99 and educational institutions can receive a discounted rate for multiple purchases. NGWA Executive Director Kevin McCray, CAE, says the Lexicon of Groundwater and Water Well System Terms contains more than 1900 terms useful to all professionals in the groundwater industry, and other professionals and students in the Earth sciences. “Here, in one place, the user can find reliable definitions for terms critical to professional work, research, and study dependent upon accuracy and precision,” McCray says. “This glossary represents a comprehensive listing of groundwater and water well terms reviewed exhaustively.” NGWA’s lexicon was selected by a task force of industry professionals and contains terms with the most relevancy to the various groundwater professions and to the use, protection, remediation, and management of groundwater. While there are often regional differences in the use of some terms, the document is certainly an ideal collection of the definitions that relate to groundwater and the professionals who work with it. To learn more or to purchase this product, visit the NGWA Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org/Bookstore, or call (800) 551-7379 or (614) 898-7791 outside the United States.

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18/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

(COVER STORY)

Simple Solution for a Complex Water Crisis

The Water4 Foundation equips local workers in 30 countries to drill wells and build their own groundwater contracting business. By Jennifer Strawn bout 1.2 billion people in the world don’t have access to clean drinking water. Dick Greenly and his wife, Terri, co-owners of Pumps of Oklahoma in Oklahoma City, are working to solve the water crisis one drilling team at a time with the Water4 Foundation. The Water4 Foundation, a 501(c)3 charity founded by the Greenlys in 2008, equips local workers in 30 countries in Africa, South America, Central America, and India with the tools and knowledge they need to drill wells and build their own groundwater contracting business. “When we first started Water4, we didn’t have much money,” Greenly says. “We needed a way to make the biggest impact we could with the dollars we had. The solution was to train locals how to drill wells as a business.” That’s what makes Water4 different than most water charities. Their solution to the crisis is not just about drilling wells, but about creating an industry

A

Jennifer Strawn was the associate editor of Water Well Journal from 2004 to 2007. She is currently in the internal communications department at Nationwide Insurance in Columbus, Ohio. She can be reached at strawnj2 @gmail.com.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

“The idea is the more people we train, the more wells they can drill.” that boosts the local economy. “There’s no other water charity out there that puts the solution into the hands of the local communities,” Greenly says. “The idea is the more people we train and the more kits we have out there, the more wells they can drill.”

A cost-effective solution Part of Water4’s success lies in its drilling and pumping methods. It’s less costly and easier to maintain. Typically, a humanitarian aid organization raises enough money to bring over a mechanized drilling rig and a crew to install one well in one village. But the cost of using a mechanized rig can easily top $10,000. “That’s not a bad deal,” Greenly says. “It’s just the cost of drilling a mechanical well in Africa.” He knew there had to be a lower cost solution. Greenly was invited to attend a council on emerging nations, and there he learned about a wet drilling method

used in some developing countries. “I took the designs, built the tools, and drilled a well to 35 feet in the back of my shop in short order,” he says. He had been installing solar pumps in rural China, and when he was invited to install solar pumps in Africa, he decided to put the drilling method to the test. “We were able to drill a well and put in a solar pump by hand in about three days,” he says. “We figured out we were on to something.” Solar pumps, though, can be costly. Greenly asked a friend, Steve Stewart, to help him design a humanitarian hand pump using simple supplies. “Steve researched pumps from the beginning of time and found a design by Leonardo da Vinci and a patent from 1675,” Greenly says. “He basically combined the two designs and built a pump from parts he bought at Lowe’s.” The result was a positive displacement pump with a 9-inch stroke. “It operates just like a windmill pump,” says Matt Beasley, director of sales, United States. Beasley, a longtime friend of Greenly’s, worked on a Water4 project in Honduras back in 2010. “The pump has a set of dual check valves that open and close just like a

WATER4/continues on page 20 Water Well Journal September 2012 19/

A Water4 Foundation volunteer team stands by a well they drilled for a village in 2010 in Honduras. The pump is made from PVC pipe, a material that can be locally sourced in the country. Photo submitted by Matt Beasley of WILO USA LLC.

WATER4/from page 19 windmill,” he adds. The difference between a windmill and Water4’s hand pump is maintenance. The pump doesn’t require Orings or leathers, which wear out and need replaced. The pump is also made from PVC pipe—something that can be locally sourced in country. “We tested the pumps to 3.5 million strokes,” Greenly says. “The first pump was deployed in 2009 and it’s still in the village working.” After the pump was developed, Greenly turned his attention to the drilling tools. Water4 developed a system of hand augers and human-powered cable tools that fit in eight 50-pound duffel bags. “We ended up with a drilling kit that can be shipped to the country and used to drill up to 50 wells,” Greenly says. The kit includes three hand augers (4-inch, 5-inch, and 7-inch) and two rock-breaking tools: a slide hammer and a blunt instrument rock breaker. It also includes a three-way pipe connector used to set up a tripod drilling system. Pipe to set up the tripod, square tubing that’s used for drill stems, as well as PVC pipe for the pumps and casing are purchased in the country where the project is located. Cement, gravel, sand, and other bulky materials are also locally sourced. 20/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

Volunteers prepare to raise a three-way tripod drilling system in Zambia. When set up over the well, the tripod that features a pulley system is 18 feet tall. Photo submitted by Dick Greenly of Pumps of Oklahoma

“When you put the pipe into the connector, you have a giant 18-foot tripod over the well with a pulley system,” Beasley says. “So even though you’re using hands, you can use a wrench and raise the tool up and drop the tool down if you’re going through rock.” They use the hand augers to make a hole between 4 and 7 inches in diameter. The auger is turned until it’s filled, which is about 2 to 3 feet. When it’s full, two or three people pull the auger out of the hole and clean it off. The process is repeated until the well is complete. “One good thing about the tools we have is that they’re all easily serviceable in country,” says Matt Hangen, African continental director for Water4. “If you have a wear or a break, it’s pretty easy to find similar parts to do a field repair of that equipment.” So, it’s easy for workers to use the kits to drill multiple wells. “With this equipment we’ve been able to drill a 7-inch borehole down to 150 feet,” Greenly says. “Generally, it takes less than a week to complete each well and the cost averages about $1,000 —ten times less than using a mechanized drill.”

Creating an industry Besides equipping local workers with the tools to drill wells, the foundation

trains them on proper well construction and maintenance procedures. “We train them in every step of the drilling process,” Hangen says. “In Togo, West Africa, we were able to start with farmers and teach them basic plumbing, masonry, and hydrology.” When working in Honduras, Beasley taught workers how to pick the best site for the well, how to drill and construct the well, and care for the well after it’s complete. It ended up being a lesson in what not to do, he says. “We ignored our own advice,” he admits. “We tried to put the well near the river where we thought the water would be shallow and easier to get to. But the landscape was rocky and what you see above ground is likely to be below ground, too. “We got to a point where we weren’t going to get through all the boulders without damaging the tools.” The team eventually moved the well farther out from the village in an area with softer ground, Beasley says. But, it was a good demonstration on how to do better planning, an important part of the drilling process for these teams. In addition to the drilling, local teams are taught basic business skills, Hangen says. “We try to bring people with managerial skills together with people who have a passion for the work,” he says. waterwelljournal.com

Part of his job is to teach them how to work on a team and deal with conflict. He also helps the drilling team figure out how much to charge for their services and set up local supply networks. He also trains them on how to fabricate the tools in their own country, if possible. Drilling teams are also taught how to repair pumps that might already be in use, Greenly says. “There could be 200,000 wells on the African continent that are not functional because of a 50-cent O-ring,” he says. “We train our teams on how to fix pumps that are already out there, so they can get existing wells working again.” The hope is that, once trained, these teams go on to drill more wells in their village and neighboring villages. In just a few years, they’ve seen some success. One of the first drilling teams Water4 trained in north central Zambia has created an entire business, making enough profit to build homes for their families. “This group of young men were homeless orphans and now they’re drilling 50 wells a year and have become community leaders,” Greenly says. “This team has been able to provide water for 100,000 people in just five years.” The money for a drilling kit usually comes from a non-governmental organization at first. Then, word spreads. Sometimes, a local government hears about the low cost and hires the drilling team to drill municipal wells. Other times, more affluent people in town will hire the teams to drill a well on their property. Currently, Water4 has 26 full-time drilling teams in 14 countries. When proficient, a drilling team can drill 30 to 50 wells per year with each well serving 100 to 300 people. “We give them the opportunity to have a job and a career,” Greenly says. “It raises their status in the community because they become the solution. Plus, they have the chance to make ten times their normal wages by becoming a well driller.”

The future Water4 grew from a small 501(c)3 into a water charity with a $1.5 million budget this year. Its largest project is Twitter @WaterWellJournl

NGWREF Grants Benefit Developing Nations The National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation (NGWREF) has a Developing Nations Fund that provides small assistance grants to benefit the quality of life for people in developing economies around the world without access to plentiful supplies of potable groundwater. Established in 1994, the NGWREF is operated by the National Ground Water Association as a 501(c)(3) public foundation. It focuses on conducting educational, research, and other charitable activities related to a broader public understanding of groundwater. The Developing Nations Fund has provided grants for projects in the Dominican Republic, El Salvdor, Haiti, Mexico, and other nations all around the globe. It provided three grants totaling $20,000 in 2011 to help build and restore drinking water wells in Uganda and Kosovo. The three grant recipients and award amounts were:

• Hope 2 One Life/Family Empowerment Uganda (FEM), $6000

• Committee on Foreign Missions for •

the Orthodox Presbyterian Church, Nakaale Station, Uganda, $8000 Water for Life, Tushile Safe Water Project, $6000.

The Atkinson Foundation/FEM project sought to install a high-capacity water well and solar pumping system at the FEM Canaan Farm in Rakayata Village, Masindi, Uganda, to help 150 survivors of civil war who are trying to rebuild their lives. Situated in northeast Uganda, the Nakaale Station project by the Comabout to kick off a $20 million contract to construct 7000 wells in African countries with World Vision, a Christian humanitarian aid organization. Greenly hopes to have the project completed in five years and plans to grow the project to include up to 200,000 wells on the continent. “We’ll probably equip 50 drilling teams who, when proficient, should be able to complete 2500 wells per year,” he says. “We’re about transferring our technology to the locals so they can go

Well built in Mexico through NGWREF grant. mittee on Foreign Missions for the Orthodox Presbyterian Church involved installing wells in four villages to serve up to 5000 people. People in these villages previously got their drinking water from polluted water in rivers, creeks, and swamps. The Tushile Safe Water Project developed by Water for Life served 800 villagers in Kosovo by capping 150 open wells to protect them from contamination, installing pumps in the wells, and cleaning up sources of pollution. “Thousands of people in these wartorn, impoverished countries will benefit from the safe drinking water that these projects will provide. For some, especially children under the age of five, these projects are a matter of life and death,” says Steve Schneider, MGWC, and NGWREF president. “It was for projects such as these that the Foundation created its Developing World Projects Fund.” drill a well as a vocation.” But Greenly doesn’t plan to stop at 50 drilling teams. His goal is to have up to 500 drilling teams up and running by the time the project is over. Greenly’s goals are aggressive, but that’s why Hangen says he enjoys working for the Water4 Foundation. “The foundation is filled with people who are passionate and committed to solving the water crisis in a very personal way.” WWJ

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Circle card no. 34

Examining Exempt Wells

Care for exempt wells provides opportunities for the water well industry. By W. Todd Jarvis and Adam Stebbins ld and abandoned wells are everywhere. It should come as no surprise that more than 12 million oil and gas wells have been drilled in the United States over the past 150 years. What might surprise some is that close to 16 million water wells serve the water users in the country. While these numbers look good for the well drilling industry as a whole, the problem rests with the legacy of old wells. For example, New York has plugged about 125 of its estimated 40,000 deteriorating wells. Likewise, Kentucky has invested more than two decades to plug about 4000 wells, with a waiting list of almost 13,000 more. Texas has plugged more than 30,000 wells since 1984; 10,000 are still open and the number of new “old� wells keeps growing as the drilling boom keeps drilling (Kusnetz 2011).

O

W. Todd Jarvis is an assistant professor in the Department of Geosciences and the Institute for Water and Watersheds at Oregon State University in Corvallis, Oregon. Adam Stebbins is the water projects coordinator in the Benton County Community Development Department in Corvallis, Oregon.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

West Virginia Public Broadcasting (2011) reports that West Virginia has 13,000 abandoned oil and gas wells. And other Associated Press (2010) investigations indicate that the Gulf of Mexico has 27,000 oil and gas wells that were sealed with cement and abandoned but without any regular monitoring, and another 3200 old wells remain unused without plugging and abandonment. Abandoned oil wells and old water wells offer similar needs and opportunities for the industry. But exempt water wells common to the western United States and some parts of Canada are a special category because of the poor documentation associated with wells that typically do not require a water right, much less a permit, to install. While stories of abandoned oil wells have garnered the attention of the media with stories of trapped children and pets, the threats from old water wells continue today with the death of a young girl in India after she fell into a poorly documented water well (Hindustan Times 2012). Private household wells constitute the largest share of all water wells with more than 13 million people relying on their own well (National Ground Water

Association 2011). Of these, Bracken (2010) estimates there are more than one million exempt domestic and livestock wells located throughout the West. In Canada, it is estimated that 1.24 million wells have been drilled, but this is only a rough estimate given that many provinces do not compile the information (Nowlan 2005). About 500,000 new residential wells are constructed annually (National Ground Water Association 2011). Many states and provinces have rules and regulations governing well drilling, construction, and abandonment. However, the sheer number of wells installed over decades precludes effective enforcement. States have no way to track abandoned water wells unless they are reported. A quick review of what is known is sobering. Gilbertson (2002) surveyed many Midwest states and estimated the number of abandoned wells in both Iowa and North Dakota to be more than 100,000. Minnesota estimated between 700,000 and 1.2 million such wells. The Illinois Water Well Abandonment Program estimated at least 100,000 improperly abandoned wells. The state of Washington reports,

EXEMPT WELLS/continues on page 24 Water Well Journal September 2012 23/

EXEMPT WELLS/from page 23 “Thousands of abandoned wells pose a hazard to children, pets, and livestock.” Considering the low population in South Dakota, Gilbertson (2002) reported the following statistic: A 1990 East Dakota Water Development District telephone survey identified 33 abandoned wells in an 80-square-mile area, or one abandoned well every 2.5 square miles. A total of approximately 9000 is probably a good, conservative statewide estimate. It should be reiterated that this is the number of abandoned wells in the shallow aquifer only. It does not include unused wells in deeper aquifers, or those in typically nonaquifer materials.

A Hidden Threat or Hidden Treasure A review of literature shows interest in addressing the environmental threats associated with abandoned wells, starting in the 1940s and 1950s when many states were adapting their rules and regulations governing well construction. The first international conference on abandoned wells occurred in 1984 with most of the interest focusing on old oil and gas wells (Fryberger and Tinlin 1984). But the interest in the topic tends to reoccur about every 10 years and has become increasingly focused on old water wells too (Warner and McConnell 1993; Gilbertson 2002). While most people think abandoned water wells might be limited to locations on farms and on operating or defunct industrial sites, they can also be found in urban areas that were once rural areas. The state of Washington (2011) reports that many abandoned wells were installed during the postWorld War II housing boom. Legacy abandoned wells include old windmills or the “hand pumps.” However, many abandoned wells are either left in the open as pipes sticking out of the ground, hidden by vegetation, or simply cut off a few feet below ground surface and buried (Treyens 2010). Bracken (2010) postulated that it can be assumed most exempt wells in the western United States are not plugged when they are abandoned. These wells may serve as conduits for the movement of contaminated water into an aquifer. 24/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

The risk of such contamination is likely to increase after the well casing has rusted away or collapsed. Characteristics of wells with rotted casings or poor sanitary seals include “spotty” contamination, typically centered near an individual well or a cluster of closely-spaced wells, and seasonal changes in the occurrence and concentrations of dissolved contaminants.

How Old Is Old? The reality is the design life of a typical well lasts for 20 to 30 years due to changes in regulatory design standards, corrosion, contamination, as well as fluctuations in water levels due to well interference, groundwater mining, and climate change. Steichen and others (1988) found factors correlating with nitrate contamination in water wells included the age of the well, the land use around the well, and the distance to a possible source of contamination. Old water wells were more likely to be contaminated than new wells because the age of the well is an indicator of the history of land use near the well as well as the length of time that potentially polluting activities have been located in the vicinity of the well. Their statistical analyses found a strong correlation between nitrate contamination and wells that were about 30 years old. The water well drilling industry has missed an enormous financial opportunity for continued client service by promoting the concept that wells can last for generations.

End-of-Life Programs Orphan oil well abandonment programs that developed because the owner no longer exists or cannot be located are common in both the United States and Canada. Likewise, there are programs designed to plug and abandon unused and old water wells in some states and provinces (Table 1). Many states with active oil and gas exploration and development activities maintain an orphan well program through an oil and gas conservation program. For example, Pennsylvania Governor Tom Corbett proposed an impact fee on Marcellus shale natural gas drilling as a source of revenue to seal abandoned wells across the state (Bumsted and Puko 2011).

The Canadian oil-rich province of Saskatchewan in 2007 had an Orphan Well and Facility Liability Management Program funded by oil and gas companies to cover the cost of addressing about 600 orphan wells representing about $26 million in abandonment and reclamation costs. Saskatchewan’s 63,000 wells represent a future liability of approximately $2.8 billion in terms of abandonment, decommissioning, and site reclamation costs (Wagner 2007). To get a feel for how much stimulus funding is potentially available for well abandonment, consider that nearly $17 million was designated from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Program for one well located in Alaska (Bureau of Land Management 2009). A shallow water well in good condition can sometimes be plugged with cement for a few hundred to a few thousand dollars. But costs for deeper wells, regardless of whether they are old oil and gas wells or abandoned water wells, typically run into the tens of thousands to over $100,000 (Kunsetz 2011).

Case Studies of Abandoned Well Inventories The task of finding, plugging, and monitoring old wells can be cost prohibitive to cash-strapped state, county, and provincial governments. The numbers are simply stacked against any jurisdiction attempting to keep up with the problem. Consider a typical situation such as that found in Illinois where more or less 5000 new water wells are constructed but only 2700 abandoned wells are sealed each year. Counties with strong drinking water programs have the most success in having property owners properly plug and abandon old wells. The public health departments in the Washington counties of Kitsap, Clark, Pierce, and Thurston require old wells to be identified and decommissioned before issuing a building permit. The city of Goleta and the California Coastal Commission authorized the city and the California Department of Conservation, Division of Oil Gas and Geothermal Resources to re-abandon three old oil wells, destroy five abandoned water wells, and plug a groundwater

EXEMPT WELLS/continues on page 26 waterwelljournal.com

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GR O W . Circle card no. 24

NGWA, WWJ Provide Resources on Exempt Wells

11/2011

Western states, with the exception of Utah and California, exempt small groundwater uses, such as for domestic or livestock purposes, from certain provisions of the states’ water withdrawal permitting, adjudication procedures, or both. In Utah, small groundwater users must go through the water withdrawal permitting process and California does not have a comprehensive, statewide groundwater permitting process.1 The following provides an overview and link to state exempt well statutes or regulations.

Alaska

Alaska Administrative Code, Title 11, Chapter 93, Article 2, Appropriation and Use of Water http://www.legis.state.ak.us/basis/folioproxy.asp?url=http://wwwjnu01.legis.state.ak.us/cgi-bin/ folioisa.dll/aac/query=[JUMP:'11+aac+93!2E035']/doc/{@1}/hits_only?firsthit Alaska requires that a person file for a water right if a significant amount of water will be used. Alaska defines a significant amount of water as (1) the consumptive use of more than 5,000 gallons of water from a single source in a single day; (2) the regular daily or recurring consumptive use of more than 500 gallons per day (gpd) from a single source for more than 10 days per calendar year; (3) the non-consumptive use of more than 30,000 gpd (0.05 cubic feet per second) from a single source; or (4) any water use that may adversely affect the water rights of other appropriators or the public interest. Small users, who do not file for a water rights permit, may have their water appropriated by others or have their water use curtailed in order to supply water to those with a water right or “to protect the public interest.” Regulation is based strictly on whether the user reaches the threshold of a significant amount of water use and not by the purpose to which the water is put.

NGWA Information Brief

The National Ground Water Association published an Information Brief on exempt wells in November 2011. Titled “The Regulation of Exempt Wells in the West,” the 10-page document provides information regarding exempt wells in 17 western states. Regulation of Exempt Wells The brief points The in the West out that western states, with the exception of California and Utah, exempt small groundwater uses from certain provisions of the states’ water withdrawal permitting, adjudication procedures, or both. Examples of the uses are domestic or livestock purposes. The brief then provides an overview of state exempt well statutes or regulations and links to the state Web sites that provide all of the details. The states that are covered are Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North

Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. According to the brief, California does not have a comprehensive, statewide groundwater permitting process and groundwater users in Utah must go through the water withdrawal permitting process. The Information Brief, along with others and Position Papers approved by NGWA, can be found in the Advocacy section of the Association’s Web site at www.ngwa.org/ Advocacy-Awareness/positions/Pages/ default.aspx. Water Well Journal has also published articles in the last year on the subject of exempt wells. A column titled It’s the Law tackled the subject in the February 2011 issue with “The Measure and ‘Bounds’ of Domestic Well Permits.” The column was authored by Don Gregory and Jeremiah Thomas, who practice for Kegler, Brown, Hill, & Ritter in Columbus, Ohio, the firm which serves as general counsel to NGWA. “Bounds” is a New Mexico court case which concerns the constitutionality of the New Mexico Domestic Well Statute. It went

all the way to the New Mexico Supreme Court last fall. NGWA filed a “friend of the court” brief as an association with expertise and experience in groundwater science. Thomas developed the brief on NGWA’s behalf. As of August 2012, there had been no decision reached in the case. In its October 2011 issue, WWJ covered exempt wells as part of its four-part series on groundwater issues in the United States. Written by WWJ Associate Editor Mike Price, the article was titled “Part 3: Exempt Wells in the West.” Price’s article discusses how exempt wells have caused groundwater to take center stage in the struggle for water rights, highlighted by Bounds and cases in other states. Both articles can be found on WWJ’s Web site at www.waterwelljournal.com.

water wells develop groundwater stored in fractured volcanic rocks, and a larger portion are typically deepened or altered during the design life. Fewer wells tapping the fractured volcanic rocks were documented as abandoned. These deepened and altered wells will more than likely evolve into unused wells as groundwater stored in the volcanic rocks diminishes with increased development due to the poor storage properties typical of the fractured volcanic rocks in this area. One of the identified avenues of contaminant migration in this part of Benton County is through unused wells, many of which have been buried during land development projects. Water stored in the fractured rocks is high quality, while water stored in the valley fill is increasingly at risk of nitrate contamination from a broad spectrum of sources. The increased risk garnered the attention of the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, which designated a groundwater management area near Corvallis. Fulton and others (2010) used the work of Gilbertson (2002) to develop a plan for prioritizing unused wells in Benton County. They initially used

press releases in the local newspapers to garner some interest in assessing well integrity, but the response was minor. A door-to-door canvass was completed in neighborhoods where state records yielded tallies of registered wells, as well as legally abandoned wells, all in close proximity to the municipal water service area. While the data distribution is less than ideal, their spot surveys yielded more than 100 wells. Of the wells identified to be tapping the valley fill, 79% were considered “improperly abandoned.” Of the wells identified at tapping the fractured volcanic rocks, 36% were improperly abandoned. We compiled a first order approximation of the potential market for well abandonment by exploring just the number of wells more than 35 years old within Oregon. The total number of recorded start cards/wells drilled after 1971 is approximately 208,025 wells in varying condition according to the Oregon Water Resources Department wells database. Based on the average cost for properly abandoning (plugging) a well of about $4000 using an informal survey of local well drillers, there is upwards of $832 million in potential revenue for the

Arizona

Arizona Revised Statutes Section 45-454 http://www.azleg.gov/FormatDocument.asp?inDoc=/ars/45/00454.htm&Title=45&DocType=ARS Exempt wells are regulated in Arizona based on (1) when they were drilled, (2) where they are located, and (3) the water’s use. Wells used for non-irrigation purposes are generally exempt from the state’s Ground Water Management Act regulatory provisions as long as the pump capacity does not exceed 35 gallons per minute (gpm). After April 28, 1983, water from wells drilled within designated Active Management Areas and used for non-irrigation purposes other than domestic or stock watering are limited to 10 acre-feet per year in addition to the maximum 35 gpm pump capacity. Further, after January 1, 2006, with certain exceptions, an exempt well cannot be drilled within 100 feet of an operating water distribution system owned by a municipal provider that has an assured water supply designation and is within an Active Management Area.

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Phone/ Toll-free 800 551.7379/ 614 898.7791 Fax/ 614 898.7786 Web/ www.ngwa.org and www.wellowner.org Address/ 601 Dempsey Road/ Westerville, Ohio 43081-8978 U.S.A

EXEMPT WELLS/from page 24 monitoring well, along with landscape restoration efforts on the Ellwood Mesa/Sperling Preserve (www.cityof goleta.org/index.aspx?page=1072). Counties in Oregon are beginning to inventory abandoned wells, and these efforts just might be the next opportunity for the local water well drilling industry looking for ways to diversify their portfolio of professional services. As part of a research project funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Small Grants Program at Oregon State University, Fulton and others (2010) used community college students to locate abandoned wells in Linn and Benton counties. The Oregon Water Resources Department files indicated that 19,000 wells were recorded in Linn County; 10,000 wells were recorded in Benton County. In follow-up work, an Oregon State graduate student determined that 1828 abandoned wells were located within Benton County, or 15% of all wells recorded by the Oregon Water Resources Department. Miles (2011) also determined that a greater percentage of the Benton County 26/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

Table 1. Summary of Well Abandonment Grants Jurisdiction

Reimbursement (total cost)

Maximum Award

For More Information and Notes

Illinois

60%

$400 $750 (irrigation well)

www.agr.state.il.us/Environment/ LandWater/IWWAP.pdf

California – Sacramento County

County pays

Not reported

www.emd.saccounty.net/EnvComp/WP/ AbandonedWells.html Note: This program is the 2011 recipient of the Kevin J. Neese Award of the Groundwater Resources Association of California

Michigan 75% to 90% Groundwater Stewardship Farm-A-Syst Program

Average cost $500

www.michigan.gov/deq/0,4561,7-135-3313_ 3675_3689-8003--,00.html

Nebraska, Natural Resource Districts (various)

60% to 75%

$500 $700 (hand dug)

www.lcnrd.org/groundwater/sealed_well/

South Dakota

75%

$300

Gilbertson 2002

Wisconsin

75%

$9000

http://dnr.wi.gov/Aid/WellAbandonment.html

City of Hamilton, Ontario

100%

$1000 per well with a limit of two wells per property

www.conservationhamilton.ca/watershedstewardship/hca/programs-services/ watershed-stewardship/decommissioningabandoned-water-wells-in-hamilton

Region of Peel, Ontario

100%

Limited – first come, first served

www.peelregion.ca/pw/water/ water-trtmt/wellhead-abandon.htm#1

Conservation Ontario

80%

$4000

www.conservation-ontario.on.ca/source_ protection/documents/ODWSPBackgrounder 2011_COFNLJan24v2.pdf

Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority

90%

$2000 per well with a limit of two wells per property

www.npca.ca/planning-permits/ water-well-decommissioning/

water well drilling industry in Oregon alone.

Conclusions Wells of all types will remain an important part of natural resource development in the United States and Canada. Twitter @WaterWellJournl

www.upperbigblue.org/nrdwebsite/ pages/dept_water.htm

But like any insurance policy, preventive care and end-of-life stewardship will reduce the financial premium associated with a “death by a thousand wells” to aquifers storing high quality water.

Most state and provincial laws hold landowners responsible for any injury or occurrence of groundwater contamination caused by wells that are not properly decommissioned. But the sheer

EXEMPT WELLS/continues on page 52 Water Well Journal September 2012 27/

Jarrell Greene was one of the first to receive the Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller certification in 2011. This is the final installment of a three-part series on NGWA’s certification program. BY MIKE PRICE

n the sticky Georgia heat, Jarrell Greene’s family is comfortably cool. This summer, with temperatures hovering in the 90s, Greene’s 3200square-foot home is immune to the heat due to the two 3-ton geothermal units. It’s been in full service for a little more than a year. Greene’s home has used geothermal since 1989, but problems cropped up with the vertical closed loop system over time. So he reeducated himself on the technology and installed six new loops and plumed them in on Labor Day four years ago, and then he put in new units upstairs and downstairs a year later. Over that four-year span Greene’s monthly electric bill fell from $474 to $253. “I certainly try and use my home as an example anytime I have a conversation about geothermal,” says the 63year-old part-owner of Greene’s Water Wells Inc., a diverse drilling company in Gray, Georgia. “I try to convey to them that the payback is a short period compared to how long you’re going to be using that sys-

I

Mike Price is the associate editor of Water Well Journal. In addition to his WWJ responsibilities, Price produces NGWA’s newsletters and contributes to the Association’s quarterly scientific publication. He can be reached at mprice@ngwa.org.

28/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

tem, so for more than half the life of the system you can be putting that money in your pocket. I’m firmly convinced it’s a good deal.” Greene’s Water Wells is a familyowned business with more than 300 years of combined experience in the industry. Greene is one of five brothers who own the business (four are active in the business). His father, J. Fred, started it in 1965. Going back and learning more about geothermal led Greene to become one of the first to earn the National Ground Water Association’s Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller certification in early 2011. It’s the newest designation offered by NGWA and reflects an individual who has passed a written exam administered by the Association that evaluates an individual’s knowledge of the skills and competencies associated with constructing a loop well. Nearly 50 professionals around the country hold the CVCLD designation. “My goal is to eventually earn the Master Ground Water Contractor designation,” he says in his Georgia twang. “I believe that experience is by far the best teacher, but exposing myself to other educational opportunities can never hurt.” Strapped for time at the moment to pursue the MGWC designation, Greene returned home from vacation in late July with the temperature in his home set at 78 degrees. After adjusting it in the

afternoon, the temperature was down to a pleasant 74 degrees by bedtime. Two of Greene’s three children live at home and enjoy the fruit of their father’s labor. So too does his wife, Beth. “They love the comfort of it,” he says. “Before, we had the units running 24/7 almost. We had fans set up in all rooms and you still were not comfortable at night on really hot days. It seemed okay in the heating mode, but on the cooling mode it just couldn’t do the work.” Ever since the housing market collapsed four years ago, the vertical closed loop market has been competitive in Georgia. Greene cultivated relationships within the market and partnered on projects with John Peebles, co-owner of Southern Geothermal Inc. in Evans, Georgia. They’ve worked together for eight years and have done projects in Georgia and South Carolina. “I can always call Jarrell when I’ve got a potential job and he can tell me exactly what we’re going to be drilling in and how long it’s going to take because of his drilling experience,” Peebles says. “Not only that but he also has the equipment. He can do rock drilling, and if we go south of Macon, Georgia, he has the ability to do mud rotary. Usually you’ve got to call on a driller in that particular area to get a certain kind of waterwelljournal.com

drilling done, but with him it’s one call and he can handle pretty much whatever I need done.” Compounding the housing crisis has been the cuts made to both federal and state budgets, making geothermal a hard sell to government agencies with its significant upfront cost. Greene is hopeful this will turn around. Another problem facing Georgia’s geothermal market is that water well contractors are banned from drilling injection wells, a device that places fluid deep underground into porous rock formations, such as sandstone or limestone, or into or below the shallow soil layer. Greene is a former president of the Georgia Association of Groundwater Professionals and says it is asking the state legislature to reconsider the ban. “That probably will give a huge boost to geothermal when you can drill one well to supply the heating and air system instead of anywhere from three to 20 vertical loop boreholes,” Greene says. In the meantime, some contractors in need of work have lowered their prices to win bids for geothermal projects, putting contractors like Greene in a difficult position. He says he rarely gets a job based solely on what he charges. “That’s not what I want,” he says. “I don’t want to get work with the cheapest price. I want to earn work based on what I offer as good a value as what they can buy. I try to explain the difference of what I do and the reasons we do it the way we do it.” It’s important for Peebles to work with contractors who are certified in geothermal like Greene. Since it’s a relatively new market segment for water well contractors, some are still learning how to properly drill, grout, or install a loop well. “You want to make sure it’s done right the first time,” Peebles says. “You’d be out of business if you had to go back and redo a job. The training, the certification, means a lot to me.” Like any good business, Greene’s Water Wells has continued to evolve over the last 20 years. Greene, who graduated from the University of Georgia in 1974 with a degree in business administration, says the company is now traveling farther to secure work. What used to be a 60-, 70Twitter @WaterWellJournl

How to Become a CVCLD Advances in geothermal technologies and their usage created the need for a specific voluntary certification designation for geothermal drillers. NGWA responded to this with the designation of Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller (CVCLD). The CVCLD is considered an independent designation from the CWD or CWD/PI. The designation reflects an individual who has passed a written exam administered by NGWA that evaluates an individual’s knowledge of the skills and competencies associated with constructing a loop well. To learn more, visit www.NGWA.org. Under the “Professional Resources” tab, click on “Certifications and exams.”

mile work trip are becoming 125-mile treks. On the outer fringe of that service area is bid work. Besides Georgia, Greene’s Water Wells is licensed in South Carolina and Alabama. Along with more travel time, the company has flipped its work model. It used to drill 80% residential water wells and 20% other type of drilling. Today it’s 80% other type of drilling and 20% residential. The “other type of drilling” consists of municipal, industrial, agricultural, and geothermal. “The agricultural market in Georgia is about as wide open as it can get,” Greene observes. “It has kept me and other contractors in the southern half of the state as busy as they can be and that freed up some municipal industrial work for our other side, so we’ve been pretty successful getting some of that work in the last year or so. Whereas from 2009 to 2010 we didn’t do anything on that side, 2011 and 2012 have been about as busy as we can get.” To help contractors with geothermal drilling, NGWA offers a variety of resources, including the Geothermal Cost Calculator (see sidebar). NGWA Past President Alan Eades, CWD/PI, CVCLD, partner of Eades Drilling & Pump Service in Hobbs, New Mexico, uses these resources from time to time. “After the downturn in the economy, the few homebuilders in my area who were considering geo changed their minds,” Eades says. “However, I get a call or two a month from someone, usually in northern New Mexico, for information. They have found me through the Contractor Lookup (on the Well

Get Resources to Help with Heat Pump Installations Go to the National Ground Water Association’s Online Bookstore to get resources that will help you with your heat pump installations. The NGWA Geothermal Cost Calculator (Catalog #X965) enables you to plug in costs to all of the categories that contribute to your overall cost of geothermal loop installations. You can also plug in different scenarios to see what is needed to achieve the profits you want for your company. Guidelines for the Construction of Vertical Closed Loop Heat Pump Systems (Catalog #T1074), third edition, are written for loop well contractors, loop well design consultants, government officials, educators, students, and consumers. It is a stand-alone document that does not supersede regulations or standards, and provides details on issues related to the construction of vertical closed loop ground source heat pump systems and offers insights to practical resolutions of the issues. The Geothermal Cost Calculator is free to NGWA members. Guidelines for the Construction of Vertical Closed Loop Heat Pump Systems is available at a discounted rate for NGWA members. Nonmembers can purchase these products in NGWA’s Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org.

owner.org Web site) due to having the CVCLD designation. It’s an investment in professionalism. It will more than pay for its cost.” Greene is an active community member in Gray, Georgia, volunteering at among others his church and the American Cancer Society. He says running successful Relay For Life events were some of the most gratifying experiences of his life. “I think it’s just important and beneficial for me and everyone else to be involved,” he says. “Communities don’t survive unless people are involved.” For Greene’s Water Wells to continue to survive, geothermal will play a part. Greene is convinced it’s well worth the investment. “If people look at it and do the math and have some way of justifying it upfront,” he says, “I believe the math supports the decision and it’s something they should be doing if they really and truly want to conserve energy and save dollars . . . because I certainly have.” WWJ Water Well Journal September 2012 29/

By Jack Glass, CIH, CSP, QEP, CHMM

What a Safety Supervisor Needs to Know—Part 1 Create an environment where choosing the correct safety action is the easy choice. upervisors are faced with an enormous number of responsibilities on a daily basis. Like everything from planning to budgeting to directing to scheduling. As a result, it is not uncommon to see their safety responsibilities pushed to the back burner. It doesn’t matter if it is a contracting firm with a thousand employees or a four-person shop—safety responsibilities are virtually identical.

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Establishing a Safe Culture Historically, the “safety guy” has filled the role of the safety cop. Walking from site to site and job to job, they try to catch employees doing things wrong. Then write them up, issuing letters and perhaps even recommending discipline. Time and again, this has been shown to be a very ineffective way to develop a safe workplace. In today’s economic environment, safety responsibilities are frequently placed on the field supervisor with little or no resources to help them in this task. Often, the supervisor does not have formal safety training and is not prepared to take on this role.

Jack Glass is the principal consultant for J Tyler Scientific Co. and has more than 20 years of experience as an environmental health consultant. He has consulted on toxic exposures, risk management, and indoor air quality. In addition, he has provided litigation support in several areas including mold, asbestos, indoor air quality, and confined space entry.

30/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

So what is a working supervisor supposed to do to protect their team? The most important factor is to truly desire to have a safe work site. Safety is not a task or item to be checked off a list, but it is about creating an environment where choosing the correct safety action is the easy choice. The supervisor must take responsibility for every unsafe action. They have to realize the reason an unsafe action happened is because they did not create the environment, provide the tools or equipment, or the proper mind-set that would then have led the employee to choose the safe route. While this is the best way to create a safe environment, it may not always be feasible in every workplace. For instance, if there is a transient workforce, an enforcement-type environment will be more effective than a culture-based environment, since the supervisor does not have the opportunity to guide attitudes and habits in employees who are only working for one or two shifts. At first glance, this may seem like a “touchy feely” policy that would not relate all that much to real life. However, the real heart of this effort is in the supervisor looking at each unsafe action and trying to determine the root causes that led the employee to choose that action. Then providing the proper encouragement, training, and equipment that will cause the correct action to be taken in the future. For instance, a supervisor may look over at an active boring operation and see an employee not wearing required eye protection. The supervisor’s gut

reaction may be to yell at the employee, “Hey, put your glasses on!” But that simply provides a band-aid for this individual incident. It would be far more effective for the supervisor to walk over to the employee and say, “I notice you’re not wearing your eyeglasses.” Indirectly, this puts the responsibility on the safety supervisor as what he is really saying is, “I see you’re not wearing them; it’s my responsibility.” Then the supervisor should ask the employee why they are not wearing the glasses, where the eyeglasses are, and what the employee was doing before the glasses came off. This way the supervisor will understand what events led to the unsafe action and may uncover some very interesting things. For instance, the employee might say when they were opening up the split spoon, the safety glasses were not clear enough to see through, so they took them off and then walked back to the bore site—accidentally leaving the glasses on the table. This provides the supervisor two opportunities to correct or improve the unsafe action. First, the supervisor can keep an ample supply of glasses at the site so the worker can easily replace scratched or clouded glasses. Second, the supervisor can provide some type of eyeglass holder or lanyard so when glasses are taken off, they rest on the chest instead of being put down where they can be forgotten. Addressing these two issues is more likely to result in future compliance

SAFETY/continues on page 32 waterwelljournal.com

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GIVE YOUR EMPLOYEES THE SAME PROTECTION YOU RECEIVE. ADD YOUR EMPLOYEES FOR ONLY $60. As an NGWA contractor member, you’re enrolled in a $50,000 accidental death and dismemberment insurance policy. Make sure your employees receive the same peace-of-mind coverage. Add them to your company membership for only $60 a year. For more information on this AD&D insurance policy, visit www.NGWA.org/ADD or call NGWA customer service at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791) Monday through Friday 8 a.m. until 5 p.m. ET. The AD&D policy offered through NGWA contractor membership is underwritten by Life Insurance Company of North America, a CIGNA company.

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SAFETY/from page 30 than the supervisor just yelling at the employee to put the glasses on. On the other hand, the supervisor may learn that the employee finds the glasses uncomfortable or too loose to stay on the head. Inquiring allows the supervisor the opportunity to purchase more appropriate eye protection. As you can see, with this type of response, the supervisor is taking responsibility for the employee’s safety. This eliminates the adverse environment that is so often seen in safety compliance. Once the employee notices this is the attitude of the supervisor, they will be more likely to approach the supervisor with active questions and suggestions to improve safety, which is far more desirable than the supervisor playing safety cop and trying to catch every infraction.

How to Get Started If the supervisor plans to change an environment, they might as well start off big. If they were to simply change their actions and communication on a case by case basis, it might take months before everyone really notices a difference.

The first step is to start with an energetic and interactive tool box talk where the supervisor announces they really want to improve their own safety leadership skills and requests the assistance of the crew to do so. This will bring immediate recognition and their buy-in to the program. Understand this effort is not about reducing the number of safety infractions, which would place the burden on the employee. This is an improvement of the supervisor’s safety skills, and that shows personal accountability. In a mere 10- to 15-minute discussion, a supervisor can create a path towards a safer culture. The second step is walking the walk. This requires absolute consistency on the part of the supervisor. The supervisor must follow the safety rules without fail, must wear safety protection consistently, and if the supervisor has a personal safety infraction, must quickly take ownership of that mistake and provide follow-through with a correction. In my experience, the times I inadvertently left my hardhat at the break table and was observed in the work area without it, my immediate verbal recognition of my failure, the immediate re-

trieval and wearing of my hat, and my heartfelt thank-you to the individual who pointed out my mistake have gone a very long way toward establishing the safety culture. Next time, in Part 2 of this column, we will continue with the role of the safety supervisor and provide some specific resources the supervisor can use to train and supervise their employees. WWJ

Get Safety Resources Online You can never be too safe, so take advantage of safety resources online. Go to the Web site of the National Ground Water Association and check out the resources it has available at www.NGWA.org/ Professional-Resources/safety/pages. Also while you’re at the Web site, go to the Bookstore and check out NGWA Press’ Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry, a set of 52 sheets that provide information so companies can hold weekly safety meetings on topics specific to their industry.

Outshine your competition! Become a Certified Sales Professional. Attention manufacturers and suppliers: Demonstrate your commitment to enhancing industry professionalism and providing the best in customer service. Become an NGWA Certified Sales Professional! For more information, visit www.NGWA.org/CSP or call NGWA at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791). To schedule your exam, call PSI LaserGrade, the administrator of NGWA’s certification exams, at 800 211.2754 (360 896.9111).

32/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

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By Ed Butts, PE, CPI

Groundwater Treatment Part 6(b). More About Corrosion

he topic of corrosion and incrustation in a water supply is simply too much for one column. Therefore, I opted to split the topic into three parts. The first part on the fundamental concepts of corrosion and incrustation ran in the July 2012 Water Well Journal. This month we will cover how corrosion applies to piping and pumps. The final installment next month will cover incrustation and its prevention and correction.

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Metallic Corrosion Although each water condition can be difficult to address, I believe corrosion problems are often the most misunderstood condition to deal with in most water-related applications. This is due to the variability of the problem and the many different ways corrosion can attack the surfaces of an object— metallic or nonmetallic—such as a pump impeller. Even though corrosion in the strictest definition can attack metallic as well as nonmetallic surfaces, most people equate corrosion with what it can do to metallic surfaces. Therefore, the bulk of this discussion will apply primarily to metallic corrosion. Generally speaking, there are two locations where corrosive action occurs:

• General corrosion is a corrosive action that creates the loss or dis-

Ed Butts, PE, CPI, is the chief engineer at 4B Engineering & Consulting, Salem, Oregon. He has more than 35 years experience in the water well business, specializing in engineering and business management. He can be reached at epbpe@juno.com.

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I believe corrosion problems are often the most misunderstood condition to deal with in most water-related applications.

•

solution of the metal over the majority of the wetted surfaces. Localized corrosion tends to impact a specific or localized area of the attacked metal.

General corrosion is usually less invasive and serious than localized corrosion as the process tends to degrade and dissolve a metal over a uniform region with time. This region is generally the wetted surfaces. This is often the case with galvanized drop pipes where corrosion often occurs uniformly over the entire string of the pipe that is under water or wetted. Although the loss through general corrosion is usually slow and not detrimental to the operation of the water system, there can be exceptions to this typical characteristic. An example is wear rings or impellers where the gradual loss of the metal can easily impact the pumping efficiency or other vital pump conditions, such as head and capacity. The other area for corrosion, localized corrosion, contains two subcategories: pitting and crevice corrosion. Pitting is a commonly seen form of localized corrosion and can be quite evident on metal surfaces. Many individuals often confuse pitting with other

forms of erosion on metal surfaces such as galvanic loss, cavitation, or flow erosion. However, a close examination usually reveals the actual cause. Pitting is localized to the observed location and the pits are generally narrow but deep and the loss of metal is usually small. On the other hand, crevice corrosion occurs between two components, such as a threaded or flanged joint where a small opening or crevice starts as the environment becomes void of air and dissolution of the metal inside the crevice occurs. In addition to the two types of locations where corrosion occurs, there are various subclasses of corrosive action defined by the type of action on the surface that results in metal loss. Each of these different types of corrosion upon close examination is usually evident to the water system technician by the type of erosion and the location on the metal surface. The first subclass is called galvanic corrosion. This occurs when two or more dissimilar types of metals are placed in electrical contact and are immersed within a conducting and corrosive liquid. This type of corrosion is more common when differing types of materials within the galvanic or electromotive series of metals are used in close proximity to each other or are actually connected together. As a guide to determine which types of metals can safely be used or connected together, the Galvanic Series of Metals was developed as a guide (Table 1). This chart shows the metals that are deemed as the “least active” and therefore less likely to corrode as well

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as the “most active� or those most likely to result in a corrosive action of metal loss. Leading the least active series are precious metals such as gold, silver, and platinum. Metals known to easily corrode, such as magnesium and zinc, lead the most active series. In order to prevent galvanic corrosion, designers should try to use the location of metals in series that are the closest in proximity on the chart. An example is the placement of cast iron with stainless steel. Galvanic corrosion is also strongly influenced by the relative areas of the two metals in question. An example of this characteristic is the interconnection of a bronze discharge case of a submersible well pump to a galvanized drop pipe. Even though the metals are somewhat close to each other on the galvanic scale, the bronze discharge case is least active and has far more metal than the relatively thin galvanized drop pipe. Corrosion will usually occur at the meeting point of these two metals or at the threaded joint. When a physical separation of two dissimilar metals is not possible or fea-

sible, methods exist to provide a buffer or an insulator between the two metals. Often referred to as a dielectric union or coupling, these types of fittings are provided with an insulating gasket, O-ring, or other method of providing an electrical isolation from one metal to the other.

This type of fitting is popular and frequently used where copper must connect to galvanized steel piping.

ENGINEERING/continues on page 36

Compile borehole logs quickly and easily. The Guide for Using the Hydrogeologic Classification System for Logging Water Well Boreholes helps you to put together logs that are uniform in nature, easy to write, and easy to read. Included with the book is a convenient weather-resistant, twosided card that is easy to use on-site. The front provides essential gauges for measuring size, color, and aquifer characteristics, while the back contains an easy-to-follow flowchart on using the classification system. To order your copy, visit the NGWA bookstore at www.NGWA.org or call 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791). Guide for Using the Hydrogeologic Classification System for Logging Water Well Boreholes Catalog #T1030

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ENGINEERING/from page 35 Flow Impacts In addition to the impacts from electrochemical corrosion, corrosive effects can also occur through erosive conditions. Erosion occurs where fluids with high solids contents—such as those seen from dairy wastewater, sandy well water, or stormwater—act to mechanically wear away the surfaces of the metal. Erosion is a function of three distinct characteristics of fluid flow: (1) the volume and type of solids in the flow stream, (2) the cube of the velocity, and (3) the angle of impact of the solid striking the metal surface. Erosion can occur on any surface, but is most likely to impact thermoplastics and softer metals like brass. In the water well pump industry, the most exposed conditions to erosion occur where the fluid is transmitted at high velocity and must negotiate sharp turns. This type of condition applies to pump impellers, wear rings, and diffusers as much as—if not more than—

any other area. Alloys, such as tungsten carbide or Ni-resist, have been developed to dramatically lower the impact from erosive conditions in these locations and are quite successful when used in extremely troublesome locations such as in mechanical seals and pump impellers. Another common condition that may lead to erosion is cavitation. Cavitation occurs when a sudden decrease in the vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped leads to the formation of vapor pockets or cavities. As these vapor pockets migrate through the pump, they encounter a region of higher pressure which then leads to an implosion or collapse of these pockets, resulting in the familiar noise of cavitation that is often equated to the sound of pumping gravel. Cavitation is best prevented in the design process by ensuring the system design includes adequate inlet suction head to avoid the condition. This is generally performed through the design of a condition known to verify there will be more net positive suction head available (NPSHA) than net positive suction head

required (NPSHR). NPSHA is a system condition specific to the design constraints of the actual system such as suction lift, suction pipe size, and flow. NPSHR is a calculated and tested condition of the specific pump under consideration and can only be obtained from the pump manufacturer.

Graphitization Graphitization is a condition that primarily affects gray or cast iron components that can often occur with buried pipe or pump cases, but can also impact steel surfaces. Graphitization occurs through the dealloying of a metal. Graphite, given its position on the galvanic scale, is often added to gray iron to help resist corrosive tendencies of the local environment. For example, in buried pipes in the right conditions of soil moisture and composition, the graphite contained within the pipe matrix acts as a cathode in an electrochemical reaction, resulting in a corrosive exposure for the iron component. Ultimately, this can lead to the total failure of the pipe.

Water Well Journal Knows Your Audience “When Franklin Electric needs to share information with the groundwater industry, we call Water Well Journal. It’s a terrific resource that effectively reaches our groundwater audience.” —Tammy Davis, Director, Corporate Communications Franklin Electric Co. Inc. Whether it’s display advertising or classified advertising, Water Well Journal ® knows your audience—the groundwater industry’s leading professionals. More than 20,000 industry professionals pick up the magazine every month. To find out how you and your company can reach WWJ ’s readers, contact the National Ground Water Association’s Shelby Fleck at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791) or sfleck@ngwa.org. 36/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

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Various methods exist to protect ductile or cast iron piping from attack. One of the most popular and used methods involves the encasement of buried pipe within a polyethylene wrapping, thus isolating the pipe from the soil conditions. With pumps, special coatings can be used to provide a physical barrier between the liquid and the cast iron surfaces. Special alloys, such as ductile iron or Ni-resist, can be used for pumps and piping to resist graphitization.

Nonmetallic Corrosion Although we’ve mainly concentrated on metallic corrosion, corrosion can occur on nonmetallic surfaces as well. One example of this type of action is the attack on asbestos-cement (A-C) pipe. Although not commonly used for new installations, asbestos-cement pipe was once a popular style of pipe that offered an alternative to cast iron pipe in corrosive soils, was lighter and less expensive than cast iron pipe, and had excellent flow characteristics. When combined, the two components of the

pipe provided a strong but lightweight nonmetallic pipe material and was the frontrunner to the PVC pipes commonly used today. A downside with A-C pipe, though, was its vulnerability to some low pH waters. When used in certain water with a low pH, the water could attack the interior cement component of the pipe, which could then start to soften and ultimately degrade. The result was liberation of the asbestos fibers into the flow stream. In these conditions, an effective repair procedure is to correct the pH to an alkaline state using an effective chemical agent such as zinc orthophosphate to effect a reseal of the pipe walls, and avoiding excessive pipe velocities which could further degrade and loosen the interior pipe wall. Corrosion of PVC pipes, although not often considered a corrosion problem, can also occur with the proper set of water conditions. Generally, attack on PVC components occurs from a chemical action where certain chemicals can leach into the pipe walls. However, most

natural waters—even with chemical levels at or below U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations—will have no detrimental impact on PVC. We will continue this series next month with a discussion on incrustation and the many methods of dealing with this condition. Until then, work safe and smart. WWJ

Learn how to engineer success for your business Engineering Your Business: A series of articles serving as a guide to the groundwater business is a compilation of works from long-time Water Well Journal columnist Ed Butts. Visit NGWA’s Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org for more information.

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By Alexandra Walsh

Preventing Workplace Violence Workplace violence is a major concern for employers and employees nationwide.

early 2 million American workers are victims of workplace violence each year. Unfortunately, many more cases go unreported. Workplace violence can strike anywhere, anytime, and no one is immune. Workplace violence is any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs at the work site. It ranges from threats and verbal abuse to physical assaults and even homicide. It can affect and involve employees, clients, customers, and visitors. Homicide is currently the fourthleading cause of fatal occupational injuries in the United States. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, of the 4547 fatal workplace injuries that occurred in the United States in 2010, 506 were workplace homicides However it manifests itself, workplace violence is a major concern for employers and employees nationwide. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s General Duty Clause requires employers to provide a safe and healthful workplace for all workers. Employers who do not take reasonable steps to prevent or limit a recognized violence hazard in the workplace can be cited.

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Reducing Workplace Violence Hazards Some workers are at increased risk of Alexandra Walsh is the vice president of Association Vision, a Washington, D.C.–area communications company. She has extensive experience in management positions with a range of organizations.

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workplace violence, such as workers who exchange money. In most workplaces where risk factors can be identified, the risk of assault can be prevented or minimized if employers take appropriate precautions. One of the best protections employers can offer their workers is to establish a zero-tolerance policy toward workplace violence. This policy should cover all workers, clients, visitors, contractors, and anyone else who may come in contact with company personnel. By assessing their work sites, employers can identify methods for reducing the likelihood of incidents occurring. A well-written and implemented workplace violence prevention program combined with engineering controls, administrative controls, and training is recommended by OSHA to reduce the incidence of workplace violence. The program should provide safety education for employees so they know what conduct is not acceptable, what to do if they witness or are subjected to workplace violence, and how to protect themselves. This can be a separate workplace violence prevention program or it can be incorporated into an injury and illness prevention program, employee handbook, or manual of standard operating procedures. It is critical to make sure all workers know the policy and understand that all claims of workplace violence will be investigated and remedied promptly. In addition, OSHA encourages employers to develop additional methods as necessary to protect employees in high-risk industries. Employers should also secure the workplace. Where appropriate, video surveillance should be installed in addi-

tion to extra lighting and alarm systems. Access by outsiders should be minimized through identification badges, electronic keys, or guards. Develop policies and procedures covering visits that involve interacting with customers or other individuals on private property or in their homes. Address the conduct of workers when interacting with customers and the worker’s right to refuse to provide services in what seems a clearly hazardous situation.

Off-Site Violence Prevention For employees who travel off-site, ask them to prepare and submit a daily work plan that keeps track of their appointments and job site activities and ask them to keep someone at the work site current about their schedule during their work hours. Consider providing employees with cell phones, hand-held alarms, or noise devices. Let them know they should not enter an area if they do not feel safe. If necessary, introduce a “buddy system” or provide an escort service for them in potentially dangerous situations or at night. If company vehicles are used, be sure they are always in good repair and are reliable.

Training In addition to regular safety training programs and a staff review of the company workplace violence policy, encourage employees to attend classes in personal safety. Company-sponsored classes should also be considered for atrisk workers. These classes can help employees recognize potentially violent situations so that they can avoid them or, if necessary, diffuse them.

VIOLENCE/continues on page 40 waterwelljournal.com

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VIOLENCE/from page 38

Waterwell Camera Inspection Systems

Encourage workers to let supervisors know immediately about actual or potentially abusive or violent behavior or any concerns about safety or security, and to log all incidents or threats in writing. Employees should also be instructed to avoid traveling alone into unfamiliar locations or situations whenever possible and should carry only minimal money and required indentification when working at remote sites.

What to Do After an Incident Employers should provide prompt medical evaluation and treatment in the event of a violent workplace incident and report the incident promptly to the local police. Victims should be informed of their legal right to prosecute perpetrators. Inform all other employees of the circumstances of the incident and encourage them to discuss and share information about ways to avoid similar situations in the future. Employers can offer stress debriefing sessions and post-traumatic counseling services to help workers recover from a violent incident. All violent incidents and threats should be investigated, and trends in violent incidents should be monitored by type or circumstance and corrective actions instituted. Be sure to discuss any changes in the workplace violence protection program during regular employee meetings. Nothing can guarantee an employee will not become a victim of workplace violence. However, there are many steps that employers and employees can take that can reduce the odds. WWJ

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By Ron Slee

What Are You Doing to Deserve Your Customers’ Loyalty? It’s much more than smiles and thank you.

ustomer service is a wonderful thing. It has almost taken on the same status as motherhood and apple pie. But what is this thing called customer service? How do you measure it? The definition of customer service doesn’t help us very much. The expectations of the customer and the perceptions of the customer are the key elements. The definition says the level of customer service is determined by how the perceptions of the customer on how they were treated and served compare to the expectations the customer had about those same things. That is the measure used. We don’t know what the expectations were or are, do we? Similarly we don’t know the perceptions of how the service went. This makes it tough. It has become a matter of opinion and that is a very iffy way to measure something as significant as how your customer feels about your company and the service you provide them. I have written in these pages in the past about customer retention being a good measure of how your customers feel about you in your market. This is a good measure. The dilemma in recent

years is that a lot of people who were in business five years ago are now out of business. So we need to qualify the measure of retention more than normally. For those customers of yours who are still in business or still living in your trade area, how many of those who gave their business to you continue to do so? In the capital goods industries in which we work, the parts and service support group has retention rates in the range of 85%. That would lead you to a marketplace you serve with 48% of the customers no longer dealing with you after five years. What does that number do to your thinking? Many dealers and distributors tell me they gain a lot of customers too. So what? I think it’s terrific you are adding customers every year, but stay on the subject please. Why let customers leave you? I don’t believe any of you want to accept the loss of any customer . . . ever. So how do we earn the loyalty of our customers? The surveys are quite clear. In the parts arena, it is the availability you provide. It is availability far above anything else. In service, it is four major elements: price, responsiveness, convenience, and quality.

Ron Slee is the founder of R.J. Slee & Associates in Rancho Mirage, California, a consulting firm that specializes in dealership operations. He also operates Quest Learning Centers, which provides training services specializing in product support, and Insight (M&R) Institute, which operates “Dealer Twenty” Groups. He can be reached at ron@rjslee.com.

Measuring Parts Availability

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So how do you measure the availability of your parts? Let me repeat my favorite line in the parts business. If you have the part on the shelf, you are the same as everyone else. It is how long it takes you to deliver the part you don’t

have to the customer that earns their loyalty. But before we go there, let me ask the question: How do you measure parts availability? Does your service level—the fill rate—look at giving the customer seven screws out of 10 ordered as 70% or zero? Do you measure the service at the level of the part number or the document or both? Do you measure how long it takes to fill the complete order? These questions are important to be answered. The customer, however, does not care about any of those measures. Do you have the part or not is one of their questions. If you don’t have it, how long will it take you to get it is the other. So how do you stand up to that? I want to refer you back to the measure I use. The employees in parts don’t go home until they have found every single part the customer has ordered. And that means every single day.

Service Is Key With the four areas of importance, it is intriguing to me that the order of the top two varies. Price and responsiveness are No. 1 and No. 2 and vice versa all depending on the economy. Currently, price is very significant. In 2008 and earlier, it was responsiveness. Customers typically will underestimate how much things are going to cost, so it is extremely important that the price you provide is explained carefully and in great detail. Then the thing to watch out for is changes in the work done that are found to be necessary waterwelljournal.com

while the work is being done. Those unexpected items, those change orders, have to be communicated extremely carefully and completely. On responsiveness, it covers two elements. How long will it be before you can start the work and how long will it take to complete the work. Each of these items is critical to the customer as it is from these two dates that they can plan their lives. A brief digression here. In the top five comments about service work in the past 40-plus years of my involvement, honesty has always been present as something the customer wants to receive. If honesty is in the top five of customer wants, to me that implies they don’t receive honesty from us. When I look at estimated completion dates and actual dates, I think I understand why that is true. We miss too many completion date estimates. The approach I suggest is to call the customer three to five days after the completion of the work and ask how you did. Did we do what we said we were going to do? Was it for the price and in the time line we said it would be? Is everything as you wanted it to be? Thank you for your business. If there is a problem, it can be corrected immediately without festering in the mind of the customer. However, an unintended consequence is that the customer will thank you and complements you on work well done many times. Enjoy it. Loyalty is a very different thing today. It is becoming more and more rare. Perhaps if you are sensitized to it and the same is true for your employees, you can improve your performance and earn the loyalty you want. The time is now. WWJ Circle card no. 12

Where do you want to drill today? Call us today to find your perfect drill.

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Ripamonte Birdie 250, sampling in the Canadian Arctic.

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By Michelle Nichols

What Counts: Need, Money, Urgency Don’t be afraid to spurn prospective customers who lack even one of these. They just aren’t worth your time.

uthless—the word cracks me up because I always feel sad for women named Ruth. However, one of the keys to success in selling is being ruthless at qualifying prospective customers. Our parents taught us to treat everyone equally, but in sales that training can backfire. Too many salespeople spend too much time with prospects who can’t buy today, soon, or even ever. Not everyone deserves an equal amount of your time or energy. You should be kind and polite to all you meet (that only takes a moment), but you must manage your selling time carefully. If you want to sell more, you must be “ruthless” at qualifying.

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Making a List Qualifying puts the selling odds in your favor and helps you focus on those who are most likely to buy from you. If you get a sale you weren’t expecting, enjoy it—but don’t lower your qualification standards based on that anomaly. As a general rule, qualified prospects must have these three characteristics: (1) a perception of a genuine need, (2) the money to solve this problem, (3) the urgency to solve it now. Need, money, urgency. If they have all three, then they count as qualified prospects. Michelle Nichols is a professional sales speaker, trainer, and consultant based in Reno, Nevada. Her Savvy Selling Success Pack is available through NGWA. She can be reached at (775) 303-8201 or at michelle.nichols@savvyselling.com.

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For example, let’s say you meet someone who is at the end of his fiscal year, and he has budget to spend. His orders are to “use it or lose it.” Yet he doesn’t really need what you sell. That means he has money and urgency, but he doesn’t have a need. If you have a good relationship with this buyer, but you can’t find anything in your line to sell him, perhaps you could refer him to someone whose offering will benefit him, and you can get a referral fee. However, if you can’t find a need—logical or emotional—this isn’t a qualified prospect for you.

Diligence Pays Off

No Charity Cases

Here’s how I visualize qualifying prospects. I picture a big, broad stream teeming with fish. I imagine letting a hundred of them into a side pond. Then I check to see if any of those fish meet my qualifications for a prospect. Let’s say two or three meet my qualifications. These will get additional time and attention from me. Then I let the rest of them flow back into the river so I can let in another hundred fish. Of course, this simple model could be expanded. Perhaps I could refer some of those who are unqualified to another vendor or put them on my newsletter list. The point is, I don’t spend any more of my valuable selling time, energy, or money with those prospects who don’t meet my qualifications.

On the other hand, if you have a prospect who strongly feels she needs just what you offer, but she doesn’t have the money or access to the money, then she’s just a dreamer. Maybe you can refer her to a finance whiz who can get her a loan. If not, such a prospect is a charity case. If you can’t find a way to find her the money, this isn’t a qualified prospect for you. In another situation, if you have a prospect who feels she could really benefit from being the proud owner of what you offer and she has the money, but she’s in no hurry to move forward, then you have what I call a “should” customer. She should buy from you now, but she doesn’t. In my experience, this is the type of customer salespeople typically waste the most time with, because logically they should buy, but emotionally they just aren’t motivated to move forward.

Sometimes such a prospect is waiting for your competitors to announce their new products or see if her promised promotion to vice president comes through. You may be able to overcome this lack of urgency by leveraging an important date, like an upcoming board of directors meeting or the end of a quarter, or even before she goes on vacation. But if you can’t find a way to add or amp up her urgency, this isn’t a qualified prospect for you.

A Stream of Customers

Don’t Beat the Fish I recall a salesman I knew long ago. He was a great funny guy, but he never reached his selling potential because he didn’t bother to qualify his prospects. waterwelljournal.com

He couldn’t bring himself to let those 97 or so fish go back into the big stream. Instead, he beat each fish over the head, trying to sell to every fish in that first batch of a hundred. It was “sell or die” for him. As a result, he lost in two ways. He made those who were unqualified feel harassed, and he missed making sales to those many qualified prospects who were streaming by. I admit, part of the qualification process depends on the number of prospects you have. I once sold large equipment. All told, I had about a dozen potential accounts in my territory, which means I had to sell most of them something, or a few of them a lot, to meet my sales quota. In this selling situation, qualifying who I’m going to call on was less important than strategizing what I was going to sell them and how.

“Use It or Lose It” On the other end of the scale, perhaps you sell something that a lot of folks can buy in your territory, like well rehabilitation services or maintenance contracts. This is when qualifying becomes vital. Bear in mind that just because a prospect is qualified to buy, it doesn’t guarantee you’ll get the order. You still have to connect and sell the customer on why they should buy from you. But if you are more “ruthless” when you qualify prospective customers, you’ll increase your selling productivity. And that will increase your sales. Happy selling! WWJ Circle card no. 30

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COMING

EVENTS

September 5/ The Employee Stock Ownership Plans Solution Webinar/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

September 6/ Groundwater Geochemical Modeling Webinar/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA .org

September 24–26/ State and National Rural Water Association’s WaterPro Conference/ Nashville, Tennessee. Web: www.waterproconference.org

October 16–17/ NGWA Focus Conference on Gulf Coast Groundwater Issues/ Baton Rouge, Louisiana. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA .org

September 10–11/ Applications of Groundwater Geochemistry/ Burlington, Vermont. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

September 26/ Meeting Planning for Volunteers: Site Selection Through Postmortem Reporting Brown Bag Webinar/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

October 18/ Urban Water Resources: Stormwater Management, Groundwater Recharge, and LID/ Baton Rouge, Louisiana. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

September 11/ Protect Your Groundwater Day/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 8987786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

September 27–29/ Washington State Ground Water Association Convention/ Pasco, Washington. Web: www .wsgwa.org/events-calendar.htm

October 18/ Women in the Geosciences Webinar/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

September 12 and 13/ Understanding and Negotiating DOT Issues and Requirements for the Groundwater Industry Webinar/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

September 28–29/ New Mexico Ground Water Association CEU Blitz/ Ruidoso, New Mexico. Web: www.nmgwa.org

October 18–20/ California Groundwater Association Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Sparks, Nevada. Web: www.groundh2o.org/events/index .html

September 16–21/ 39th IAH Congress: Confronting Global Change/ Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. Web: www.iah2012.org September 17/ Strengthen Your Customer Connections with a Company Newsletter Brown Bag Webinar/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org September 15/ Georgia Association of Groundwater Professionals Well Show/ Marietta, Georgia. PH: (678) 646-0379, Fax: (866) 267-3792, E-mail: bruce @brucewidener.com, Web: www .georgiadrillers.com September 18/ World Water Monitoring Day/ Web: www.worldwatermonitoring day.org September 18–21/ Ohio Section of the American Water Works Association Annual 2012 Conference/ Dayton, Ohio. Web: www.ohiowater.org/oawwa September 18–21/ 2012 AHS Annual Water Symposium—Confluences: 25 Years of Bringing Water, People, and Ideas Together/ Phoenix, Arizona. Web: azhydrosoc.org/2012Symposium/ default.html September 20–21/ Contaminant Hydrogeology of Karst/ Tampa, Florida. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786,

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September 20–21/ Shale Gas Insight 2012/ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Web: shalegasinsight.com

September 29–October 3/ WEFTEC 2012: The Water Quality Event/ New Orleans, Louisiana. Web: www.weftec.org/about_ weftec/default.aspx October 1–3/ 57th Annual Midwest Ground Water Conference—Groundwater Opportunities and Conflicts in the 21st Century: Economy to Ecology/ Minneapolis, Minnesota. Web: www .mwgwc.org October 5–6/ Empire State Water Well Drillers’ Association Fall Meeting/ Windham, New York. www.nywelldriller .org/news.asp October 14–16/ Alabama–Mississippi Section of the American Water Works Association Annual 2012 Conference/ Mobile, Alabama. Web: www.almsa wwa.org/default.asp?ID=192&pg= conference+2012 October 14–20/ Earth Science Week/ Web: www.earthsciweek.org October 15–17/ 2012 Urban Water Sustainability Leadership Conference/ Cincinnati, Ohio. Web: www.cleanwater americaalliance.org/events October 15–18/ Fracture Trace and Lineament Analysis: Application to Groundwater Characterization and Protection/ State College, Pennsylvania. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www .NGWA.org October 16/ Road Salt in Groundwater and Environmental Impacts Webinar/

PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

October 19–20/ Oregon Ground Water Association Fall Convention/ Redmond, Oregon. PH: (503) 390-7080, Fax: (503) 390-7088, E-mail: nancy@ogwa.org October 22–24/ Borehole Geophysical Logging for Water Resources/Water Supply Applications/ Denver, Colorado. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org October 24–26/ Understanding Migration, Assessment, and Remediation of Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids/ New Orleans, Louisiana. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA .org October 25–26/ NGWA Conference on Great Plains Aquifers: Beyond the Ogallala/ Omaha, Nebraska. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www .NGWA.org *Dates shown in red are National Ground Water Association events. *Dates shown with are events where the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation’s McEllhiney Lecture will be presented. Lecture schedules are subject to change. Check www.NGWA.org for the latest information.

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NEWSMAKERS PROMOTION Wilo USA LLC announced Chris Perkins will assume the role of director of operations at Wilo’s manufacturing facility in Thomasville, Georgia. Perkins previChris Perkins ously held the positions of segments manager and customer service manager at Wilo USA. Prior to that, Perkins held the position of SubTech Manager at Wilo U.K. DEDICATION

still maintaining its dedication to excellence. Heron Instruments will now have room to expand its skilled workforce, allowing for further innovation and design for upcoming Heron groundwater monitoring products. L.B. Foster Threaded Products relocated to a new manufacturing facility in Magnolia, Texas. This innovative plant uses advanced technology threading and conveyance equipment to meet precise customer specifications and expedite deliveries nationwide. The new Magnolia facility is strategically located near L.B. Foster’s joint venture pipe coupling producer, LB Pipe & Coupling. AWARD SF International and the National Environmental Health Association announced that Harry E. Grenawitzke is the 2012 recipient of the distinguished Walter F. Snyder Environmental Health Award. Grenawitzke will receive the award for his more than 40 years of

The Campbell family (Marion with sons Wesley and Jason) unveils the plaque honoring Mark Campbell at the dedication of the Campbell Education Center held on June 25 at Xylem in Seneca Falls.

Xylem, a global technology company focused on addressing the world’s most challenging water issues, celebrated the opening of its newly renovated training center on June 25. The dedication of the Campbell Education Center honors the memory of the late Mark Campbell, who was an employee of the company for 20 years and passed away last year at the age of 54. The updated training facility in Seneca Falls, New York, includes new mobile demonstration units, network and Wi-Fi equipment, LED TVs, and configurable work stations. The new environment provides instructors the flexibility to modify classes and create customized lesson plans. ON THE MOVE Heron Instruments Inc. announced it has moved to a new, larger location in Dundas, Ontario. The larger location will allow it to manufacture and service all Heron products with greater efficiency and quicker delivery times while Twitter @WaterWellJournl

significant and lasting contributions to the fields of public and environmental health at the international, federal, state, and local levels.

Harry Grenawitzke, recipient of the 2012 Walter F. Snyder Award.

Do you have any news about your company or someone at your firm? If so, send all the necessary information to: Mike Price, Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. E-mail: mprice@ngwa.org. Deadline is 15th of two months preceding publication (September 15 for November issue).

BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING SYSTEMS For Ground Water Applications *Aquifer Properties* *Screen Location*

*Deviation* *Video*

*Flow* *ELog*

MATRIX PORTABLE GROUND WATER LOGGER

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Mount Sopris Instruments, 4975 E. 41 Ave., Denver, CO 80216 ph: 303.279.3211 fx: 303.279.2730 www.mountsopris.com Circle card no. 20

Water Well Journal September 2012 47/

FEATURED

PRODUCTS

ing reel, while dedicated versions come with tubing and well caps ideal for longterm monitoring. Pumps are disassembled in minutes for easy decontamination. For groundwater monitoring in very narrow applications, Solinst also offers the Model 408M Micro Double Valve Pump, which has a flexible ⅜-inch diameter design.

Solinst Offers High Quality Double Valve Pumps

Solinst Model 408 Double Valve Pumps are positive displacement, gas drive pumps providing high quality, consistent samples, and excellent VOC sample results. Pumps are available in stainless steel ⅝-inch diameter, and in either stainless steel or PVC 1.66-inch diameter. PVC pumps operate to 100 feet while stainless steel pumps can operate to 500 feet. Double valve pumps are ideal for low flow sampling, as well as for higher purge rates. They can be fitted with packers to control groundwater flow and limit purge requirements. Portable pumps come with tubing on a freestand-

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CETCO Announces New Bentonite Drilling Fluid

CETCO, a wholly owned subsidiary of Amcol International, announces a new 230 bbl yield bentonite drilling fluid. Veloxity-Pro is an easy mixing, high viscosity 230 bbl yield freshwater drilling fluid produced from the highest grade Wyoming sodium bentonite. Veloxity-Pro can be used in all types of freshwater mud rotary drilling, includ-

ing all vertical well drilling and horizontal drilling applications. CETCO’s newest drilling fluid has been created to improve cuttings removal and circulation. This high quality bentonite drilling fluid increases viscosity and lowers drilling fluid filtrate. Veloxity-Pro mixes quickly in freshwater and will improve borehole stability. This NSF/ANSI Standard 60 certified drilling fluid comes highly concentrated for maximum yield and will help reduce torque and increase penetration rates. Circle card no. 51

Mudslayer Manufacturing’s Mudslayer GT Cuts Time and Increases Safety

Mudslayer GT from Mudslayer Manufacturing is specifically designed to eliminate shoveling and trip hazards behind the drill rig, with 150 shovel loads per drum. The average water well, geotechnical, or geothermal hole is four drums. There is roughly 2000 pounds of

Drill Smarter Drill faster, cheaper, smarter with Sonic Drill Corporation’s award-winning, patented drilling technology. Put it to work on your next project to heat up profits and cool down costs. It’s the perfect choice for geothermal installations, environmental investigations and mineral explorations. r r r r r r

SONIC DRILL CORPORATION

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Drill 3-5X faster (depending on conditions). Drill, case, loop and grout in one step for geothermal projects. Collect continuous, undisturbed core samples to 300 ft. Drill using water or air (depending on conditions). Produce up to 70% less mess, lower your site clean-up costs. Various rig sizes (some fit in a 20’ shipping container to drastically reduce shipping costs).

Suite 190, 119 N. Commercial Street, Bellingham, WA 98225 1.604.792.2000 (ext 104) or 1.604.306.3135 www.sonic-drill.com Circle card no. 33

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solids. This eliminates the need for solids to be handled by a worker. It features all aluminum construction for ease of movement and setup. The unit is 50 inches long by 26 inches wide by 52 inches tall and with four heightadjustable legs. It weighs 410 pounds and has a 130-gallon mud tub with tank cleaning system, floor drains, and pump connection. It has a fully enclosed double screen/double shaft shaker deck with 80 gpm processing capacity and a 55gallon drum filler funnel.

extensions enable drilling depths up to 32 feet with a 16-inch auger and 100 feet with a 6-inch auger, depending on soil conditions.

FEATURED

PRODUCTS

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L.B. Foster Threaded Products Delivers Pump Column Assemblies and Accessories

L.B. Foster Threaded Products manufactures pump column to meet the customer’s exacting specifications

on high-speed automated threading machines. Its pump column is produced in sizes ranging from 2 inches nominal through 14 inches nominal. Depending on the customer’s requirements, L.B. Foster manufactures

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Big Beaver Auger Drill Rig Tackles Tough Projects in Remote Locations

The most powerful offering in Little Beaver’s full line of earth drilling equipment, the Big Beaver Auger Drill Rig, offers 2500 pounds of lifting capacity and the ability to turn augers up to 18 inches in diameter. Constructed with a welded mechanical steel frame, the Big Beaver is rugged and durable, and ideal for a variety of applications including soil sampling, foundation repair, and drilling environmental test wells. Additionally, the portable, easily maneuverable design enables it to work in remote locations and those inaccessible to truck-mounted units. Available in two models, the Big Beaver and Big Beaver XL, the hydraulically powered units may be specified to produce a range of maximum drilling torques from 690 to 170 footpounds and auger speeds from 114 to 547 rpm, respectively, when provided up to 12 gpm and 3000 psi. Both models have been designed to work with Little Beaver’s D-series augers, which range in diameter from 4 to 18 inches. Auger Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Enviro-Check Valve with a 5-year warranty ®

America’s first choice. Enviro-Check® valves are made from the finest unleaded material which provide long service life and superior performance. During the last 40 years, Flomatic has earned industry leadership through the stemless poppet design which has led to several patents.

Flomatic’s valves are used by more pump manufacturers than any other valve on the market. Use only Flomatic Valves, with an industry-proven design. Call Flomatic at (800) 8332040; fax: (800) 314-3155 or visit our website at www.flomatic.com. You can also e-mail us at flomatic@flomatic.com.

15 Pruynʼs Island Drive Glens Falls, NY 12801 Phone: (800) 833-2040 • (518) 761-9797 Fax: (518) 761-9798 • www.flomatic.com Email: flomatic@flomatic.com

Flomatic Corporation

Flomatic Corporation

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FEATURED

PRODUCTS

threaded and coupled column; flanged column; and carbon steel, stainless steel, and other alloys. Circle card no. 54

Discrete Interval Sampling from Solinst Shows Versatility

The Model 425 Discrete Interval Sampler is a stainless steel sampler, with LDPE tubing mounted on a convenient reel. Discrete interval sampling is ideal for obtaining truly representative groundwater samples from below floating product layers (LNAPL), or for obtaining samples of the product itself (LNAPL and DNAPL). The Discrete Interval Sampler can also be used to profile open bodies of water, boreholes, and collect samples from distinct levels or points of inflow.

It is a passive sampler that is pressurized before being lowered, to prevent water from entering the sampler until the desired zone is reached, and upon retrieval, to prevent mixing at different levels. No electricity or controller is required for operation; a simple hand pump is used to provide pressure. The Discrete Interval Sampler is designed to give zero purge samples. Circle card no. 55

With New Motorized Camera Elevator, Rovver X Inspects Larger Size Pipes

A single Rovver X crawler can now inspect pipes 6-72 inches in diameter, thanks to a new remotely operated camera elevator accessory. This motorized elevator can position the camera anywhere throughout its 7.1-inch vertical travel range. When used in combination with Rovver X’s lift carriage accessory and various wheel sets, it allows centerline viewing in any pipe up to 48 inches diameter.

The elevator plugs directly into the crawler’s camera port and secures in seconds with just two bolts. It is controlled directly from the Rovver X pendant. The lift accepts the Rovver X pan/tilt/zoom camera or the DigiSewer side-scanning camera, as well as any Rovver X auxiliary lamp (including the lamp/rear-view camera combo unit). The new camera elevator is made of aluminum and stainless steel. Circle card no. 56

Krohne Endorses Virtual Reference Grounding for Electromagnetic Flowmeters

Krohne Inc., a global technology provider in the development, manufacture, and distribution of accurate, reliable, and cost effective measurement instrumentation for the process indus-

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tries, says electromagnetic flowmeters are the leading choice for recording the volume flow of electrically conductive liquids in a wide range of industries, including chemical, pharmaceutical, water/wastewater, and food.

Like all electrical equipment, electromagnetic flowmeters must be grounded for safety reasons. Grounding is usually done by using the conductive non-lined pipe flange, grounding rings, or occasionally with grounding electrodes. In some applications, however, these standard grounding methods can pose problems. For example, in lines with cathodic corrosion protection or in galvanization plants, voltage is generated between the electrodes and the earth. Or, when using aggressive media in the application, the grounding rings for conventional procedures must usually be manufactured from special materials that are very expensive, which adds significantly to costs when dealing with large nominal widths. Circle card no. 57

Rockmore International Announces New Drill Bit Design for Drilling and Blasting

Rockmore International announces a new drill bit designed for hard rock drilling and blasting operations in tunneling intended to increase drilling efficiency and to reduce operating costs. The B6 design prolongs bit life and increases drilling penetration rates. Designed to reduce operating costs in drilling blast hole patterns in tunneling operations, the B6 increases overall drilling productivity by incorporating enhancements in the bit face design and improvements in the configuration of cutting geometry. Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Offered in 1¾-inch head diameter, the most popular tunneling blast hole dimension, the B6 is a button bit with six large tungsten carbide inserts on the periphery row for enhanced rock breaking characteristics. The carbide inserts are about 1 mm larger in diameter compared to previous models, leading to longer bit life. The B6 also incorporates many changes in flushing design, such as placement of grooves and flutes designed to effectively carry the rock cuttings away from the bit face.

FEATURED

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Ergodyne Produces New Core Performance Work Wear Thermal Bibs

Ergodyne announced an expansion to the CORE Performance Work Wear line, with the addition of the new 6470 Thermal Bibs. The new bibs mark the continued development of the outerlayer series in the CORE Performance Work Wear product line. Providing superior durability, weather protection, and quality, the new bibs are the definition of tenacity, working hand-in-hand with Ergodyne’s CORE base- and mid-layers to provide the ultimate 3-layer system. Flexible and functional, the bibs offer workers everything they needed to stay warm, dry, and comfortable in the most extreme range of working conditions— with the added convenience of built in/removable knee pads, glove-friendly zipper pulls, and full-length zippers on each leg for easy on/off. Circle card no. 59

Duramast-100 Meets Variety of Drilling Needs

The Duramast-100 can meet a variety of drilling demands, with up to 500 feet capabilities. The Duramast-100 has a 1500 gearbox, automatic breakout unit, floor plate with bowl and slip, trunion assembly.

PRODUCTS

The mounting equipment includes stabling cylinders, front-end mounting bracket, upright locking bracket. Its hydraulic equipment and controls include hoses and gauges, additional reservoir with pump, and control panel with plumbing. The pullback capacity is 7000 pounds on hydraulic cylinder, 5300 on 1500 Gearbox 100 rpm. The hydraulic pressure is 3000 psi max hydraulic cylinder, and 2500 psi max on 1500 Top Head is needed to operate. The length of stroke is 12 feet using 10-foot drill pipe. Circle card no. 60

Flow Conditioner Provides Low Head Loss

A patented flow conditioner that is ideal for situations where swirl, turbulence, and maldistribution of flow exist upstream from a flowmeter is available from Westfall Manufacturing Co. The Westfall Model 3000 Flow Conditioner employs two sets of tapered and curved vanes with precise geometries and positioning to eliminate swirl and turbulence with 80% less head loss than perforated plates and 50% less than tube bundles. Creating the ideal conditions for accurate flow measurement, this compact flow conditioner mounts directly into a pipeline and produces a fully developed velocity profile within six diameters downstream. The Westfall Model 3000 Flow Conditioner is available in sizes from ½ inches to 120-inch diameter and is two diameters long. It can be fabricated from PVC, FRP, 316 SS, with or without a Teflon coating. Circle card no. 61

Water Well Journal September 2012 51/

number of wells—coupled with the lack of enforcement of well decommissioning responsibilities—simply makes the task insurmountable without extensive financial investment. The lesson learned is the importance of completing well inventories so the water well drilling industry is not “shut out” of large-scale public works projects funded under programs like the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 because there were few “shovelready” projects such as the many road and bridge projects being funded nationwide. Given the many thousands of wells that are more than 35 years old and not being used across the nation, the lost opportunities for extra client service for well drillers might be greatly enhanced if there were local efforts to inventory old water wells and package them as “shovel ready” when and if funding becomes available from a variety of state and federal sources. WWJ

References Associated Press. 2010. 27,000 Wells Abandoned, Unchecked in Gulf. www.foxnews.com/us/2010/07/07/ gulf-awash-abandoned-oil-gas-wells/ #ixzz1VhsrZqgC. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Bracken, N. 2010. Exempt Well Issues in the West. Environmental Law 40: 141-253. Bumsted, B., and T. Puko. 2011. Corbett: Shale gas fee could cap wells. Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburgh trib/s_750114.html#ixzz1VhuqPJdZ. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Bureau of Land Management. 2009. Threat of Well Contamination Eliminated on Fragile Alaskan Coast, American Recover and Reinvestment Act, Drew Point Well, National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPRA). recovery.doi.gov/press/wp-content/ uploads/2009/04/alaska-drew-point .pdf. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Fryberger, J.S., and R.M. Tinlin. 1984. Pollution potential from injection wells via abandoned wells. In Proceedings of the First International

52/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

Conference on Abandoned Wells: Problems and Solutions by the Ground Water Protection Council. Ground Water Protection Council: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Fulton, W., D. Carter, and A. Stebbins. 2010. A Local Assessment of Abandoned Wells in Oregon’s Linn and Benton Counties. Report submitted to the Institute for Water and Watersheds, Oregon State University. Gilbertson, J. 2002. Abandoned Well Sealing Demonstration Project. Final Report. South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources Watershed Protection Program. denr.sd.gov/documents/abandoned wells.pdf. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Hindustan Times. 2012. Admin measures to curb groundwater misuse. www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/ Gurgaon/Admin-measures-to-curbgroundwater-misuse/Article 1879235.aspx. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Illinois Department of Public Health. 2011. Water Wells. www.idph.state .il.us/envhealth/waterwells.htm. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Kusnetz, N. 2011. Abandoned Oil and Gas Wells Contaminate U.S. Water Supply. Huffington Post. www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/04/abandonedoil-gas-wells-water_n_844662.html. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Miles, E.S. 2011. A GIS Study of Benton County, Oregon, Groundwater: Spatial Distributions of Selected Hydrogeologic Parameters. Master of Science in Water Resources Science Thesis at Oregon State University. National Ground Water Association. 2011. Groundwater Facts. www.ngwa .org/Fundamentals/use/Pages/Groundwater-facts.aspx. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Nowlan, L. 2005. Buried Treasure: Groundwater Permitting and Pricing in Canada. www.gordonfn.org/ resfiles/Buried_Treasure.pdf. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Steichen, J., J. Koelliker, D. Grosh, A. Heiman, R. Yearout, and V. Robbins. 1988. Contamination of Farmstead Wells by Pesticides, Volatile Organ-

ics, and Inorganic Chemicals in Kansas. Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation 8, no. 3: 153–160. Treyens, C. 2010. Improperly Abandoned Wells Can Be Hazardous to Your Health. On Tap Winter: 24-26. Wagner, B. 2007. Overview of the Saskatchewan Orphan Well and Facility Liability Management Program. In Proceedings of Williston Basin Petroleum Conference. wbpc.ca/assets/docs/Wagner.pdf. Last accessed July 27, 2012. Warner, D.L., and C.L. McConnell. 1993. Assessment of environmental implications of abandoned oil and gas wells. Journal of Petroleum Technology 45: 874-880. Washington Department of Ecology. 2011. Ecology publication provides guidance on capping abandoned wells that pose a hazard to children, pets. Washington Department of Ecology News Release. www.ecy.wa.gov/news/2011/211.html. Last accessed July 27, 2012. West Virginia Public Broadcasting. 2011. DEP: W.Va. has 13,000 abandoned oil, gas wells. www.wvpubcast .org/newsarticle.aspx?id=21354. Last accessed July 27, 2012.

JOURNAL

EXEMPT WELLS/from page 27

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Coming Soon: The Expo Preview Issue! Don’t miss the October issue of Water Well Journal as it will have all of the information you want on the NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, which is December 4-7 in Las Vegas, Nevada. Details on the packed exhibit hall, educational offerings, and all of the fun happenings will be provided so you can be ready to go when you arrive in Las Vegas. It’s definitely an issue you don’t want to miss! waterwelljournal.com

Classified Advertising/Marketplace 3 Appraisals

15 Bits

Equipment Appraisals

Bits, subs, stabilizers, hole openers, etc. Over 10,000 bits in stock.

Nationally recognized and accredited equipment appraisals for water well drill rigs and well drilling equipment for banks, lenders, mergers, accountants, estate planning, IRS, and auctions. Experienced, knowledgeable, and recognized worldwide in the water well drilling industry. Accurate and confidential appraisal reports.

SALVADORE AUCTIONS & APPRAISALS 401.792.4300 www.siaai.com

18 Breakout Tools BREAKOUT TOOLS SEMCO Inc. All Hydraulic Hydrorench S110H In Stock 1-10 Four Rollers Breaks Pipe Make Pipe to Torque Specs 800-541-1562

R L C Bit Service Inc. 8643 Bennett Rd. P.O. Box 714 Benton, IL 62812 www.rlcbit.com Ph: (618) 435-5000 Cell: (618) 927-2676 Cell: (618) 927-5586 Fax: (618) 438-0026

E Q U I P M E N T WA N T E D Gus Pech bucket/boring rigs, any condition. Support equipment, buckets, etc. Other brand considered. (816) 517-4532 / Jared Sisk

Rick Corn E-mail: rlcbit77@frontier.com

Palmer Bit Company has been recognized worldwide for providing the highest quality bits to the drilling industry for over 50 years. We manufacture bits for drilling everything from clays to limestone. With our experience we can help lower your bit cost, with the proper bit selection for your drilling conditions. We are available 24/7 to assist you with any questions you may have.

57 Direct Push Supplies

Call 800-421-2487 Satisfaction Guaranteed www.palmerbit.com

Manufacturer of Pre-Pack Screens

MC/VISA accepted

22 Business Opportunities

19 Bucket Drill Rigs

Jason Corn E-mail: rlcbit373@frontier.com

BUSINESS FOR SALE: Southeast Nebraska. Established irrigation and pump service company. Portadrill RVT 6 and Failing CF 15 drill rigs, two 10T Smeal pump service trucks. All tooling and support equipment included. In business at same location since 1954. Owners retiring. Phone/fax (402) 266-5551.

(&7 4” ID Pre-Pack NOW AVAILABLE Standard Pre-Pack When You Would Set A Traditional Well Economy Pre-Pack When Cost Is A Factor 20% Open Area High Yield Pre-Pack For Use In Low Yield Wells All Stainless Steel Pre-Pack For Aggressive Groundwater Environments Non-Metal Pre-Pack When Metal Components Are Not Compatible Annular Seals Foam Bridges, Bentonite & Quick-Sleeves CUSTOM INJECTION Pre-Packs ***A Johnson Screens Distributor*** **We Stock Geoprobe® Compatible Supplies & Tooling** *Proactive® Pumps Master Distributor*

Toll Free 1-888-240-4328 Phone: 1-609-631-8939 Fax: 1-609-631-0993 ectmfg.com proactivepumps.com torquerplug.com

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal September 2012 53/

71 Drilling Equipment

60 Down Hole Inspection Waterwell Camera Inspection Systems • Portable, Truck or Trailer mounted. • Retrofit compatible with Laval and most geophysical logging winches. • Full repair service and spare parts for CCV, Boretech, Wellcam and Laval cameras and controllers. • Forward and 360 degree side wall viewing color cameras. • Depths to 5,000 feet.

H i g g i n s R i g Co.

CCV Engineering & Manufacturing

Quality Machinery

An Aries Industries Company

800-671-0383 • 559-291-0383 Fax: 559-291-0463 E-mail: jim.lozano@ariesccv.com On the web at www.ariesccv.com

Put your company’s message here! Classified advertising is a great way to reach the water well industry. Call Shelby to make arrangements at 1-800-551-7379 ext 523.

-To Increase Your ProfitsAll M akes - All M odels Dri l ls , Pa rt s, Co mp res so rs , Mud Pump s , Pump Ho ist , Drill St eel, Wat er T rucks, Et c

www.higrig.com FREE Call - (800) 292-7447 (270) 325-3300 Fax: (270) 325-3405 Office: 2594 Stiles Ford Rd. Hodgenville, KY Shop: 1797 Bardstown Rd. Hodgenville, KY

76 Elevators J & K To o l C o m p a n y I n c .

Kwik Klamps 1 & 2 (adjustable 1 –2 or 21⁄2 – 4 ) NEW – Kwik Klamp 3 (for 6 PVC) Elevators for PVC well casing (sizes 1 –16 ) Heavy Duty PVC Elevators (sizes 4 –8 ) Flush Joint PVC Pipe Clamps (sizes 4 –24 ) www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

1 – 16 Elevators All steel with safety latch. SEMCO of Lamar 800-541-1562 Fax 719-336-2402

Credit Cards Accepted

Standard Manufacturing

Largest water well pipe elevator manufacturing company in the United States.

Phone:

(936) 336-6200 (800) 337-0163 Fax: (936) 336-6212 E-Mail: StandardManufacturing @yahoo.com Web site: www.standardmfg.com

Dealers Wanted

SkyRex Water Well Elevators 2 thru 36 Also lightweight PVC elevators Now Available!

“Complete Reverse Circulation Drill Strings”

Rex McFadden 7931 19th Lubbock, TX 70407

Ph (806) 791-3731 Fax (806) 791-3755 www.rexmcfadden.com

54/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

75 Electric Motors

90 Equipment

EQUIPMENT WANTED: Electric motors wanted. Vertical hollow shaft pump motors. 20 to 500 hp good or bad, will pick up. PH: (800) 541-1562.

Low yield well? Get more water without overpumping.

New Low Prices

www.wellmanager.com 105 Injection Pumps

✔ Use on wells yielding as little as 0.10 gpm. ✔ Turn-key collection and delivery system. ✔ Fits through 24â€? doors. ✔ Good money from bad wells. For more information, log-on or call 800-211-8070. Š Reid Plumbing Products, LLC

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106 Installation Accessories Heat Shrink from B&B Wholesale

Get Safety Resources Online You can never be too safe, so take Well Manager advantage of safety resources Classified Display Ad “Overpumping� 98 online. Go to the Web site of the Water Well Journal National Ground Water AssociaB&W 2 col 4.25� x 2� tion and check out the resources 1-2-12 1570 WM it has available at www.NGWA.org/ Professional-Resources/safety/ pages.

Generators

Also while you’re at the Web site, make sure to check out NGWA Press’ newest safety item, Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry, a set of 52 sheets that provide information so companies can hold weekly safety meetings on topics specific to their industry.

"We are the heat shrink people" - Heat shrink kits for #14 to 4/0 wire - Volume pricing - Custom kits made to order - Private labeling available - Quick shipping - Four types of heat shrink tubing in stock - Large selection of installation accessories including pressure gauges, tapes, valves and tank ďŹ ttings packages Supplying "Made in USA" heat shrink tubing to pump and well installers since 1994. 800-593-9403 Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Didn’t find what you were looking for? Try NGWA’s Career Center at www.careers.ngwa.org for more opportunities. Whether you are looking for the right job or the right employee, the NGWA Career Center can provide you with an industry-specific listing to hone your search. Questions? Call Rachel at 800 551.7379, ext 504, or e-mail at rjones@ngwa.org. Water Well Journal September 2012 55/

115 Mud Pumps Hydraulic drive mud pumps —small and lightweight—

71/2 10 duplex pump • Fits in the place of a 5 6 • Pumps 300 GPM at up to 800 PSI • Weighs 1000 lbs. less than a 5 6 • Single and three cylinder models also available

Centerline Manufacturing U.S Pat. #6,769,884 and others pending

903-725-6978

www.centerlinemanufacturing.com

116 Mud Systems DESANDER

Mini-Desander

125 Pump Hoists 2012 Models

S4,000 Pump Hoist, 8,000# cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . .$14,245

S6,000 Pump Hoist, 16,000# 3L cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $16,445

S8,000 Pump Hoist, 22,000# 3L cap., 36 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 7T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . .$20,845

S10,000 Pump Hoist, 30,000# 3L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 9T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $28,545 S12,000 Pump Hoist, 48,000# 4L cap., 44 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 11T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,945 S15,000 Pump Hoist, 60,000# 4L cap, 48 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $40,645 S20,000 Pump Hoist, 80,000# 4L cap, 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$53,845 S25,000 Pump Hoist, 100,000# 4L cap, 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro control and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$61,545

S30,000 Pump Hoist, 120,000# 4L cap, 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro control and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$76,945

New Equipment in Stock

MUD MIXER CM Consulting & Equipment Jerry Mason Specialist in your drilling and grouting problems. 1640 Oppenheimer Rd., Bedford, PA 15522

(814) 623-1675

(814) 623-7285 FAX

56/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

S6,000 SEMCO, 44 , PTO, 2 spd., 16,000# cap., RC, PR, aux., light kit, service body, mini bed, 2012 Dodge 5500, 6.7L D, stand. transmission, 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . $81,580 S30,000, 84 , 56 , BC outriggers, HD cathead, 2 spd., sandreel, AB for sandreel, AB reg., aux., oil cooler, light kit, power arm, PT hookup, 22 bed, toolboxes, 2012 Freightliner 108SD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $259,918

Used Equipment in Stock

M33 Jessen/Monitor, 1-PR, SB, 1995 Ford F-350, gas, 5 spd., 4 2 . . . . . . . . . $17,900

M34 Jessen/Monitor, RC, PR, SB w/1992 GMC Top Kick, 3116 Cat, 5 spd. . . $19,500 5T Smeal, PR, bed, toolboxes, 2004 Ford F650, Cummins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$34,950

Walker-Neer 20T rated, double cathead, sandreel, 3rd leg, 1976 Chevy . . . . $19,500 S6,000 SEMCO, 44 , oil cooler, RC, 2 spd., SR, PR, light kit, toolbox package, bed, 2004 Dodge Crew Cab 3500, auto. . . . . .$35,950

S12,000 SEMCO, 44 , HS PTO, oil cooler, SR, BO, 2 spd., aux., PR, BC outriggers, light kit, 16 bed, toolbox, 2006 International 4300, auto., yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . .$87,039

S12,000 SEMCO, 44 , AS PTO, sandreel, BO cylinder, oil cooler, 2 spd., aux. pipe racks, BC outriggers, light kit, 16 bed, boxes, 2007 Freightliner M2, C-7 Cat, 6 spd., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $80,871 S12,000 SEMCO, 48 , HS PTO, oil cooler, sandreel, BO cylinder, 2 spd., PT hookup w/ air, aux., pipe racks, light kit, 2008 International 4300, DT466 . . . . . . . . . . . . . $81,755

S15,000 SEMCO, 48 , AS PTO, sandreel, BO cylinder, aux., 2 spd., oil cooler, light kit, PT hookup, 2006 International 4300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$87,312

S25,000 SEMCO, 48 , AS PTO, BO cylinder, BC outrigger, 2 spd., sandreel, PT hookup, power arm, aux., oil cooler, light kit, 20 bed, boxes, 2007 Sterling, Cat, 6 spd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $120,802 S25,000 SEMCO, 50 , AS PTO, HD cat head, 2 spd, sandreel, aux., oil cooler, power arm, PT hookup w/air, light kit, 18 bed, boxes, 2008 Freightliner, Cummins, 6 spd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $131,135

SEMCO Inc.

P.O. Box 1216 7595 U.S. Highway 50 Lamar, CO 81052 (719) 336-9006 / (800) 541-1562 Fax (719) 336-2402 semcopumphoist@yahoo.com www.SEMCOoflamar.com See our ad on page IBC.

waterwelljournal.com

128 Pump Pullers

135 Rigs

TRACTION MOBILITY PERFORMANCE AND PREFERRED

Enid Drill Systems Inc www.eniddrill.com 580-234-5971 Fax 580-234-5980

4510 E Market, Enid, OK 73701 USA

PUL-A-PUMP DO THE WORK

LET

973-697-2008 P.O. Box 155, Stockholm, NJ 07460 www.pulapump.com

x

New rigs—custom designs

x

Quality rig repair service

x

New and used equipment needs

x

“Transfer of Technology” - the must have book for all drillers!

FOR SALE: 2000 T25 DRILTECH, serial no. 732476, CAT C15, 526 HP, 1000 CFM air, 10,000 hours. 420 4½ drill rod, 3½ regular. Mounted on Sterling 9501, powered by CAT C12 400 HP, Miller Bobcat 225 AMP welder, Meyers Fracturing Pump. $195,000. Call (603) 942-5581.

PUL-A-PUMP CORPORATION

129 Pumps

Drill Faster, Cheaper, Smarter. www.sonic-drill.com

SONIC DRILL CORPORATION Suite 190, 119 N. Commercial St, Bellingham, WA 98225 1.604.792.2000 (ext 104) or 1.604.306.3135

! " &' ( )

. ,

1993 Ingersoll-Rand T-3W 900/350 Compressor 49GPM Aux. hyd for off board mud pump Rauch Spinner, $150,000 866-965-5924

139 Slotting Machines J & K To o l C o m p a n y

PVC Screen Slotting Machines

PVC Threading Machines

Perforating Machines Affordable, easy to operate automated machines with touch screen programming.

www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Did you know? Water Well Journal classified advertisements appear online (at no additional cost) each month at www.waterwelljournal.com/ category/ineveryissue/classifieds

Check it out!

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FOR SALE: 2003 Schramm T450 MII on 7400 Int’l 6 4. Includes mud rotary, piston pump 5 6, centrifugal mud pump 4 3 13, 300/200 air compressor, carousel holding 200 , rod box, 200 31⁄2 drill rod, $180,000. In operation. Call for details and location. Call (515) 745-2101; Chris (515) 745-3897.

Water Well Journal September 2012 57/

176 Water Level Measurement

Ground Water Monitoring Instrumentation Geokon, Inc. manufactures high quality hydrological instrumentation suitable for a variety of ground water monitoring applications.

Phone: 760-384-1085

Fax: 760-384-0044

Geokon instruments utilize vibrating wire technology providing measurable advantages and proven long-term stability. The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology Geokon, Incorporated 48 Spencer Street Lebanon, New Hampshire 03766 | USA

Only $995

Place probe in well Turn unit ON

Read level

TM

1 • 603 • 448 • 1562 1 • 603 • 448 • 3216 info@geokon.com www.geokon.com

Waterline Envirotech Water level indicators made in the USA for over 30 years.

360-676-9635 www.waterlineusa.com

www.wellprobe.com • • • •

Measures to 2000 ft Built-in data logger Nothing to lower in the well NO Contamination!

For more information, ask your local distributor or contact us at: Phone: (910) 778-2660 Toll Free (888) 803-3796

www.enoscientific.com

Add a color to your display classified ad for only $49. Please call Shelby to make arrangements 1-800-551-7379 ext. 523

58/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

Sonic Water Level Meters Since 1978 Time Tested & Customer Approved 303-443-9609

160 Trucks 30-Freightliner Trucks 6 6, 60 Series Detroit, HT740, Allison Trans., Rockwell Axle, 68KGVW, 315/80 R22.5 Michelin, Low Miles SEMCO, Inc. Phone (800) 541-1562

waterwelljournal.com

137 Services

174 Wanted

REPAIRS: Eastman deviation survey clocks (mechanical drift indicators) repaired. We also have three, six, and twelve degree angle units, charts, and other accessories in stock. Call Downhole Clock Repair, (325) 660-2184.

WANTED

178 Water Treatment

— Bucket rig and tools — Blast hole rig, truck or crawler mounted and tools — Raise bore rig and tools Gary Sisk 816-517-4531

180 Water Trucks Specializing in quality custom built epoxy coated Flattanks any gallon or tank length sizes with or without material handling IMT cranes. All tanks are sandblasted and painted with polyurethane paint. Many options available. Engineered for convenience and durability, allows the user to operate at any type of drilling operation. Our drill site rig tenders are built with simplicity and functionality. Call us for our used truck – new tank inventory list.

NORTHWEST FLATCell (406) 544-5914 www.northwestflattanks.com

JOURNAL

TANKS

Steve Wipf (406) 466-2146 E-mail: steve@northwestflattanks.com

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Coming Soon: The Expo Preview Issue!

Accidents and injuries happen every year. Don’t let one happen to you. s Slips, trips, and falls s Materials handling s Chemical exposure s Machine guarding s Electrocution s And everything in between . . . Drill Safe, Drill Smart covers it all. To order your copy of Drill Safe, Drill Smart, visit the NGWA bookstore at www.NGWA.org or call 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791). Drill Safe, Drill Smart Catalog #V955

NGWA member price $115.00 Nonmember price $135.00

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Don’t miss the October issue of Water Well Journal as it will have all of the information you want on the NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, which is December 4-7 in Las Vegas, Nevada. Details on the packed exhibit hall, educational offerings, and all of the fun happenings will be provided so you can be ready to go when you arrive in Las Vegas. It’s definitely an issue you don’t want to miss! Water Well Journal September 2012 59/

JOURNAL

184 Well Packers

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Classified Advertising Rates Line Classified Ads

(21⠄4 column—approx. 39 letters and spaces per line): $8 per line, $32 minimum (4 lines)

There is no discount for multiple runs.

No new equipment advertising accepted in line advertisements.

Serving Your Complete Packer Needs i INFLATABLE PACKERS - Pressure Grout, Wireline, Water Well, Environmental, Bridge Plugs. Custom Sizes and Fabrication available i MECHANICAL PACKERS - Freeze Plugs, Custom Applications Call or email us with all your Packer questions!! Toll-Free: 1-888-572-2537 Email: info@QSPPackers.com Fax #: 253-770-0327 Web: www.QSPPackers.com Prompt Shipping in the US & Internationally—Usually in just One Day!!

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Display Classified Ads

Single column 21⠄4 inches wide OR Double column 411⠄16 inches wide (per column inch – min. depth 2 column inches): 1 month: $60 per inch 3 months: $58 per inch 6 months: $55 per inch 12 months: $49 per inch

Add a spot color to your display classified advertisement for $49 per insertion.

Deadlines: First day of the preceding publication of magazine (December 1 for February issue). No guarantees after that date. This applies to renewals, cancellations, and any revisions. All classified ads must be prepaid by check or credit card. Commission rates do not apply to classified ads. Current month’s classified ads are posted on our Web site at www.ngwa.org/pdf/classify.pdf for no extra charge. To place a classified advertisement in Water Well Journal, please send ad text to Shelby Fleck by e-mail at sfleck@ngwa.org or fax to 614 898.7786. Upon receipt, you will be contacted and provided a quote. Thank you! 60/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

FOR ANY APPLICATION

PRODUCTS

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INFLATABLE WELL PACKERS 1-800-452-4902 • www.lansas.com Manufactured by Vanderlans & Sons 1320 S. Sacramento St. • Lodi, CA 95240 • 209-334-4115 • Fax 209-339-8260

Applications Include: +\GURORJLFDO 7HVWLQJ ‡ ,QMHFWLRQ :LWKGUDZDO ‡ 6WDQGDUG &XVWRP 6L]HV 0DWHULDOV :DWHU 0LQLQJ (QYLURQPHQWDO ‡ *URXWLQJ 6DPSOLQJ *HRWHFKQLFDO +\GURIUDFWXULQJ ‡ 5HFLUFXODWLRQ :HOOV ‡ 6WHDP ,QMHFWLRQ ‡ 5HOLQH &DVLQJ To discuss your questions and applications, call

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waterwelljournal.com

186 Well Screens Well screen manufacturer: stainless steel, galvanized and carbon steel. Sizes: 0.75" to 24.0" OD. Rod base, pre-pack and pipe base screens. Environmental flush joint monitor pipe, T&C stainless drop pipe, drive points, etc. Contact: Jan or Steve 18102 E. Hardy Rd., Houston, TX 77073 Ph: (281) 233-0214; Fax: (281) 233-0487 Toll free: (800) 577-5068 www.alloyscreenworks.com 速

184 Well Packers

Add a color to your display classified ad for only $49. Please call Shelby to make arrangements 1-800-551-7379 ext. 523

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Water Well Journal September 2012 61/

185 Well Rehab

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$) '$) ) "( 3 4 '$)(( )''(' )%3,- 4+ 3 2,*# 2-- .!*#&12* &03 .01,1/&/.%

get rid of

Iron bacteria! One time . . . . every every time!

Others may fail - we don’t! Sludge analysis BacT IDs

ENVIRONMENTAL SERIES

get rid of

Coliform too!

3/4-inch 1-inch 1.25-inch 1.5-inch 2-inch

Your NEW chlorine

Advantages of Surge Block Method Most effective way to develop any well Produces more water, less color and turbidity Only the surge block method “back washes� the well screen, removing clay bridge, sands and silts Flexible wiper creates suction and pulls water into the screen (not available with other methods) Constructed of inert long-lasting materials Capable of lifting water over 50 feet Removable ball valve prevents water from flowing back into well and will not clog with sediments Fast, effective and saves time and money

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PRODUCTION SERIES

200 times more effective than regular regular chlorine. chlorine. no pre-blending to control pH competitive price to regular chlorine NSF approved free technical service, if 3 failures Master Distributor map on web site

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For more information visit: www.welldeveloper.com 850.727.4427

Put your company’s message here! Classified advertising is a great way to reach the water well industry.

“Oustâ€? “Ou “O ustâ€? ppm ™

Call Shelby to make arrangements at 1-800-551-7379 ext 523. Toll Toll free 888-437-6426 info@designwater.com Email info@designwater.com web site: designwater.com designwater.com

62/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

INDEX OF Card No./ Page

A.Y. McDonald Mfg. 1 (800) 292-2737 www.aymcdonald.com Baker Mfg., Water Systems Division 2 (800) 523-0224 www.bakermfg.com CCV Engineering & Mfg. 3 (800) 671-0383 www.ariesccv.com Cotey Chemical 4 (806) 747-2096 www.coteychemical.com Flomatic 5 (800) 833-2040 www.flomatic.com Geo-Hydro Supply 6 (800) 820-1005 www.geohydrosupply.com Geoprobe 速 Systems 7 (800) 436-7762 8 www.geoprobe.com GEFCO/King Oil Tools 9 (800) 759-7441 www.gefco.com Grundfos Pumps 10 (913) 227-3400 www.us.grundfos.com Heron Instruments 11 (800) 331-2032 www.heroninstruments.com

5

10

40

17

49

40

11 33 37

IFC

12

Card No./ Page

Hoeptner Perfected Products 12 43 (408) 847-7615 www.freezeflow.com In-Well Technologies 13 8 (920) 829-5690 www.in-welltech.com kwik-ZIP 14 10 (866) 629-7020 www.kwikzip.com Laibe/Versa-Drill 15 7 (317) 231-2250 www.laibecorp.com Laval Underground Surveys 16 2 (800) 344-7205 www.lavalunderground.com Lorentz Solar Water Pumps 17 OBC (888) 535-4788 (866) 593-0777 www.lorentz.de Marks Products/ Allegheny Instruments 18 9 (800) 255-1353 www.geovision.org MARL Technologies 19 43 (800) 404-4463 www.marltechnologies.com Mount Sopris Instruments 20 47 (303) 279-3211 www.mountsopris.com

ADVERTISERS

Card No./ Page

Mud Technology International (903) 675-3240 www.mud-tech.com NGWA/Bookstore (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Certification (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Groundwater Expo (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Membership (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/NGWREF Auction (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org/ngwref NGWA/Protect Your Groundwater Day (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Water Well Journal Advertising (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Webinars (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org

21

15

22

35

23

32

24

25

25

31

26

63

27

9

28

36

29

14

Card No./ Page

North Houston Machine (800) 364-6973 nhmi2@earthlink.net SEMCO (719) 336-9006 www.semcooflamar.com Solinst (800) 661-2023 www.solinst.com Sonic Drill (604) 888-1388 www.sonic-drill.com Southwire (770) 832-4590 www.southwire.com Star Iron Works (814) 427-2555 www.starironworks.com Sumoto 0444/490515 www.sumoto.com Tibban Mfg. (760) 954-5655 www.tibban.com Unitra (281) 240-1500 www.unitrainc.com Wyo-Ben (800) 548-7055 www.wyoben.com

30

45

31 IBC

32

13

33

48

34

22

35

41

36

50

37

1

38

39

39

45

Support the NGWREF Fundraising Auction #!2% s $/.!4% s )-0!#4 Donate cash or an item to the annual NGWREF Fundraising Auction taking place at the 2012 Groundwater Expo this December. Funds raised from the auction will impact folks the world-around. Use the online form found at www.GroundwaterExpo.com/Auction to make your donation today. For more information, call Rachel Jones at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791), ext. 504, or send an e-mail to rjones@ngwa.org.

Operated by NGWA, NGWREF is a 501(c)(3) public foundation focused on conducting educational, research, and other charitable activities related to a broader public understanding of groundwater.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Circle card no. 26

Water Well Journal September 2012 63/

CLOSING

TIME

“Closing Time” is the page of Water Well Journal that showcases—you! It will always feature a few pictures of people at work at job sites around the world. Please send in photos and brief descriptions and you just

may be the subject on the last page of an issue of WWJ. And remember, if your photo is selected as the cover image of WWJ, you receive $250. If your photos are selected, you will be

asked to fill out a photo disclaimer form that grants the National Ground Water Association the royalty-free right to display the photos. Please send high-resolution digital photos to tplumley@ngwa.org.

(Above) Viewed is a job site for a well being drilled by Daho Pozos, a water well drilling company that is part of AQUACORP, which operates in Central America doing well drilling, well rehabilitation, water and wastewater treatment, pumping systems, and more. The job site sits near the Fuego Volcano in Guatemala, one of several active volcanoes in the country. The job site is at 4300 feet above sea level; the volcano’s crater is at 12,500 feet above sea level. (Left) The well is one of five being drilled for a golf resort. It was drilled to a depth of 1300 feet. It yielded 450 gallons per minute and is used for irrigation of the golf course and consumption in the club house and hotel. Photos submitted by Ing. Robert Schutt of AQUACORP.

64/ September 2012 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

SEMCO INC. P.O. Box 1216

●

7595 U.S. Hwy 50

●

Lamar, Colorado 81052

800-541-1562 719-336-9006

●

Fax 719-336-2402 ● semcopumphoist@yahoo.com www.SEMCOoflamar.com

S6,000 SEMCO Pump Hoist, PTO-Direct Mount Pump, 2 Speed Winch, Hydraulic Oil Cooler 12VDC, 1500⬘ Cap. Sandreel w/Disc Brake, 11⬘ Steel Flatbed, Painted Red, Factory Mounting w/Hydraulic Oil, Mounted on Customer’s Dodge Truck Kenneth Nelson 1220 FM 179 Hale Center, TX 79041

SEMCO HYDRORENCH

Excellent for breaking pipe, shaft, and tubing on turbine pumps. Adjustable Torque, 4-Serrated Rollers w/Clean Out Slots, Hydraulic Operated w/High Torque Charlynn Motors Model#

Pipe Size

Description

S110H

1-10⬙

Hydraulic

Circle card no. 31

See Our Classified Ads on Pages 53, 56, and 58.

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LORENTZ™ designs and manufactures the widest range of solar water pumps in the industry. Our market leading products are available through our value added premier distribution partners in the USA. Together we offer contractors the most knowledgeable customer service and protect healthy margins by only selling to professional contractors and distributors.

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Circle card no. 17 *Varies depending on system design. American West Windmill & Solar Š 2012. All Rights Reserved. 263SSC060412

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