November 2013

NGWA Provides New Private Water Well Owner Help Under U.S. EPA Agreement, page 18

JOURNAL

November 2013

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

The Global Water Crisis Organizations bring clean water to those in need, page 23

Inside: — Man on a Mission, page 28 — Expo at a Glance, page 37

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JOURNAL

Vol. 67, No. 11 November 2013 www.waterwelljournal.com

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

FEATURED ARTICLES 23 The Global Water Crisis

By Jennifer Strawn

Water relief organizations bring clean water to those who need it.

28 Man on a Mission

By Mike Price

Ken Wood is striving to provide clean drinking water to those living in Africa.

33 Field Notes

By Raymond Straub, PG

Introduction to basic drill site geology and borehole sample logging.

37 Expo at a Glance It’s almost Expo time! NGWA’s Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting takes place December 3-6 in Nashville, Tennessee.

Page 23

IN EVERY ISSUE

90 Groundwater Expo Registration Form Register now so you don’t have to wait in line.

6 Editor’s Note The Science of Talking Science

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About the cover A child in Uganda is happy to be drinking water from a new well installed with funds raised by H2O for Life.

Photo submitted by Patty Hall of H2O for Life.

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The Water Well Journal (ISSN #0043-1443) is published monthly by the National Ground Water Association, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081.

Printed and mailed at Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, and additional mailing offices. Postal acceptance: Periodical (requester subscription circulation) postage paid at Westerville, Ohio, and at additional mailing offices.

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JOURNAL A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Advancing the expertise of groundwater professionals and furthering groundwater awareness.

Chief Executive Officer Kevin McCray, CAE kmccray@ngwa.org NGWA President Dan Meyer, MGWC, CVCLD Director of Information Products/Editor Thad Plumley tplumley@ngwa.org Water Well Journal Editorial Review Board Art Becker, MGWC, CPG; Tom Christopherson; Don Harvard; Dan Milan; Roger Renner, MGWC; John Schnieders, Ph.D., and Robert Sterrett, Ph.D. Senior Editor Mike Price

mprice@ngwa.org

Copyeditor Wayne Beatty

wbeatty@ngwa.org

Production and Design Janelle McClary jmcclary@ngwa.org Advertising Shelby Fleck Vickie Wiles

sfleck@ngwa.org vwiles@ngwa.org

Circulation Coordinator Katie Neer kneer@ngwa.org Contributing Writers Ed Butts, PE, CPI; Donald W. Gregory; William J. Lynott; Julie Hansen; Christine Reimer; Al Rickard, CAE; Ron Slee; Lana Straub; Jennifer Strawn; and Alexandra Walsh Editorial, Advertising, & Publishing Offices 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081 (800) 551-7379 Fax: (614) 898-7786 Selected content from Water Well Journal is indexed on Ground Water On-Line™ at www.NGWA.org/gwonline ©Copyright 2013 by the National Ground Water Association. All rights reserved.

An APEX award winner 11 consecutive years with 24 total awards, most in the groundwater industry.

Page 37

FEATURED COLUMNISTS 48 Safety Matters by Jack Glass, MS, CIH Wellness Programs: A Bargain at Any Cost The smallest employers can have outstanding wellness programs.

50 Engineering Your Business by Ed Butts, PE, CPI Engineering from Error The role of failure in good design—Part 2

54 People at Work by Alexandra Walsh Employment Record Keeping Requirements Which records should be kept and for how long?

56 On Site by Victor Rotonda The Right Tool for the Right Job It’s critical you have the right technology when you head to a work site.

58 The Water Works by Ed Butts, PE, CPI Engineering of Water Systems Part 11(a)—The Source: The Well

64 ACT Like a Sales Pro by Julie Hansen How to Turn Small Deals into Big Wins There are no small sales, only small salespeople.

66 The After Market by Ron Slee The Service Group Is Critical to Your Success It’s the only true way to differentiate yourself from the competition.

The views expressed in the columns are the authors’ opinions based on their professional experience.

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EDITOR’S

NOTE

The Science of Talking Science he irony wasn’t lost on me.

I recently took in a conference about the art of communication in Washington, D.C. Yes, I couldn’t help but think there were some people nearby in the U.S. Capitol who badly needed to be seated with me.

The event took place at the National Academy of Science, which was created with an act signed in 1863 by President Abraham Lincoln, a man who was certainly skilled at communicating the tough stuff.

So how good are you? Can you detail the finer points of a water well system to your customers so they understand what you’re proposing for their home?

Or do you often get blank faces and a tepid response of “We need to think about it.”

The conference was titled “The Science of Science Communication” and what a brilliant name. There is certainly a science to communicating scientific details and the finer points of an engineering job.

Simply put, yesterday’s sales speech no longer works today. You can’t go into a home, tell the owners how you’ve grown up in the industry, and say, “So I’ll do this . . . and then this . . . and finally that. We take all major credit cards.”

People want to feel involved. Your young customers have grown up in the video game age, and what’s the style of the best-selling games? It’s first person where users have the feeling of being in the game. Your customers need to be engaged.

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They also like stories. Again, think of video games today. What sells isn’t a Pac-Man eating a board of yellow dots.

It’s a game like the Call of Duty series that has a premise unfold like a dramatic movie with a story arc.

Your sales talk needs to include “you” repeatedly and “your system” when describing it to potential customers. When detailing how a system works, provide a scenario: “So when your two teenagers are taking their second showers of the day and your wife is doing laundry because those teenagers have changed clothes seven times in the last three days . . . .”

Talk about your own family; people relate easier on this level. Be truthful; people are motivated by trust. And do all of this while still coming across as an expert in your field because people want to agree with experts.

Believe me, that last one’s not easy.

I saw research that showed people view engineers as competent, intelligent— and not warm. They rated better than lawyers and politicians, but they didn’t score as high as doctors. That is why your story-telling ability is so critical.

It all may sound silly and even trivial. But today’s work environment is so different than the one just a few years ago.

Make the change. You don’t want to risk coming across like a D.C. politician.

Thad Plumley is the editor of WWJ and director of information products at the National Ground Water Association.

He can be reached at tplumley@ngwa.org and on Twitter @WaterWellJournl.

Advertise your products and services to the groundwater industry’s most influential readership.

Call Shelby Fleck and Vickie Wiles in the NGWA sales department at (800) 551-7379. ● ● ●

Shelby Fleck

Approximately 25,000 readers every month.

More than 19,000 are groundwater contractors. Approximately 4000 reside in professions also allied to the field.

Readers reside in every state, Canada, and other international locations.

Disclaimer Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association provide information for guidance and information purposes only. This publication is not intended to provide investment, tax, or legal advice.

The information contained herein has been compiled from sources deemed reliable and it is accurate to the best of our knowledge and belief; however, Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association cannot guarantee as to its accuracy, completeness, and validity and cannot be held liable for any errors or omissions. All information contained herein should be independently verified and confirmed.

Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association do not accept any liability for any loss or damage howsoever caused in reliance upon such information.

Reader agrees to assume all risk resulting from the application of any of the information provided by Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association.

Trademarks and copyrights mentioned within Water Well Journal are the ownership of their respective companies. The names of products and services presented are used only in an educational fashion and to the benefit of the trademark and copyright owner, with no intention of infringing on trademarks or copyrights.

No endorsement of any third-party products or services is expressed or implied by any information, material, or content referred to in the Water Well Journal.

Subscriptions/Back Issues For questions, changes or problems with your subscription call Katie Neer. Subscriptions: Water well contractors and other qualified groundwater industry personnel in U.S. and Canada — free; others in U.S. — $115 per year; $15 per copy. Canada – $135 per year; $24 per copy. International: $150 per year; $35 per copy. Subscriptions available through NGWA offices only. We reserve the right to refuse subscriptions to anyone not directly engaged in the groundwater industry. Claims for missing issues must be made in writing within three months of publication and will be subject to the availability of back issues.

Advertising Disclaimer Advertisers and advertising agencies assume liability for all content (including text, representation, and illustrations) of advertisements printed and also assume responsibility for any claims arising therefrom made against the publisher. The publisher reserves the right to reject any advertising that it believes is not in keeping with the publication's standards or is deemed unsuitable or misleading.

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6/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

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By Michael E. Campana, Ph.D.

Hydrophilanthropy, NGWA, and You “The road to help is paved with good intentions.”

—Tracy Baker just returned from the 2013 Oklahoma University WaTER Center’s International Conference in Norman, Oklahoma.

And yes, “WaTER” is spelled correctly—it’s an acronym for Water Technologies for Emerging Regions. It is the University of Oklahoma’s center that has rapidly established itself as a center of interdisciplinary water excellence focusing on the developing world.

I’ll use my experiences at and perceptions of the OU WaTER Conference to help convey my message.

There were more than 200 attendees from about 20 different countries and we talked for two days about WaSH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) in the developing world. Social scientists, engineers, health professionals, lawyers, hydrogeologists, biologists, physical scientists, and yes, even a water well contractor communicated with one another, speaking (nearly) the same language.

We were all seeking ways for “advancing health, education, and economic development through sustainable water and sanitation solutions for impoverished regions” to borrow from the OU WaTER Center’s Web site.

The proverbial Tower of Babel disappeared from Norman, at least for a few days. I was like a kid in a candy store on the Sooner State’s plains, and I know my National Ground Water Association colleague and National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation President Steve Schneider, MGWC, was as well.

The conference presentations emphasized small systems, but there were certainly presentations suitable for large urban areas. Still others displayed techniques that scaled to any size system.

I saw many presentations focusing on villages. Manual water well drilling techniques using “rigs” made of local materials, rooftop rainwater harvesting, point-of-use water purification systems, etc. It was inspiring to see what people could do when confronted with a problem.

Now wait a minute . . . Why have I spent so much time waxing enthusiastic about a water center’s conference at the

I

Michael E. Campana, Ph.D., is a professor at Oregon State University and the founder of the Ann Campana Judge Foundation which undertakes, supports, and funds hydrophilanthropic projects in Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Panama. He can be reached at aquadoc@live.com.

8/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

You are now asking yourself, “What can I do?

The problem is so large.” Plenty. Talk to me.

University of Oklahoma in an editorial written for an NGWA publication?

It’s simple, actually. An NGWA event played a major role in the creation of the center and its subsequent conferences.

That same event crystallized a latent community and produced a path forward for those of us who are interested in developing countries.

NGWA convened its first Groundwater Summit in May of 2005 in San Antonio, Texas. One of the sessions at that Summit dealt with “Groundwater in Developing Countries.”

I was surprised when 14 abstracts were submitted, many by people unknown to me.

The standing-room-only session was one of the most amazing I had ever attended. Every presenter and many of the attendees stayed around long after the session ended to discuss what they had heard and identify next steps.

The enthusiasm and passion were palpable. Could they be maintained and nurtured? What came out of that impromptu meeting were two action items. Convene another such session at the 2006 Summit and form a Developing Countries Interest Group under the aegis of NGWA. One of the attendees was someone I had met in the early 1990s but with whom I had lost touch, Dr. David Sabatini of the University of Oklahoma. He agreed to co-convene a session with me at the 2006 Summit and support the Developing Countries Interest Group. He credits that 2005 Summit event as one of the inspirations behind the creation of the OU WaTER Center, which he now heads.

What came out of that seminal San Antonio session and subsequent ones was the realization there were many people in the groundwater industry—academe, private sector, and government—working as “hydrophilanthropists,” people who donate time, money, skill, and resources to assist those who seek clean water and sanitation.

Some had been doing this for quite some time. Why did I not know this? Because I had not been looking for such people!

But once I started looking, hydrophilanthropists were coming out of the woodwork, especially at NGWA. Two I know well are Steve Schneider, MGWC, and Stuart Smith, CGWP. waterwelljournal.com

Steve is an engineer, a Master Ground Water Contractor, the NGWREF president, and a businessman (Schneider Drilling Co.). He develops groundwater supplies for the Tarahumara Indians in Mexico and recently dedicated much of his time and a significant amount of his own money to produce the remarkable booklet Water Supply Well Guidelines for Use in Developing Countries.

The booklet is a hit—translated into Swahili with Spanish, Mandarin, Dari (Afghanistan), and French likely in the offing.

Steve just doesn’t want to help people, he wants to teach them to help themselves and do the job right.

Stuart is a hydrogeologist, a microbiologist, a Certified Ground Water Professional, and a partner in Smith-Comeskey Ground Water Science LLC and Ground+Water Tanzania Ltd. He has worked in Tanzania since the late 1990s doing business and project development. Like Steve, he wants people to solve their own problems, so he provides them with the skills necessary to do so. He also wants work done right so it will last. Yes—sustainable projects.

Steve and Stuart are not the only NGWA members who bring water and skills to the developing world; there are many. But more are needed to help the billions(!) without safe water and sanitation. You have the abilities to help others and teach them self-sufficiency. You need not travel to the ends of the Earth to do so.

You are now asking yourself, “What can I do? The problem is so large.” Plenty.

Talk to me.

“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed, citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”—Margaret Mead

Check Out H2O Talk at Groundwater Expo Michael E. Campana, Ph.D., is part of the opening ceremony and awards presentation at the 2013 NGWA® Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting on December 4 in Nashville, Tennessee.

He is one of two speakers who are part of the H2O Talks, which will be inspiring, brief, and informative. The title of Campana’s talk is “Hydrophilanthropy: What Can You Do?” He will discuss providing water, sanitation, and hygiene access to those who struggle to achieve the benefits so many take for granted. Campana, founder and president of the Ann Campana Judge Foundation, a hydrophilanthropy he established in 2002 in memory of his sister, will show you what others are doing to bring safe water to the world.

The other talk is “Exploring the Adaptive Sports for the Disabled on the Ski Slopes and Outdoors” by Thom M. Hanna, RPG. He will share how being a member of the Adaptive Sports Association helps him pursue his passion of helping those with disabilities overcome physical and cognitive challenges to enjoy outdoor sports.

For more information, visit www.GroundwaterExpo.com.

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Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal November 2013 9/

IN THIS

ISSUE

he November issue of Water Well Journal focuses on global water and organizations involved with projects overseas. It contains feature stories on the subject and an editorial column on the importance of humanitarian efforts.

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Along with those stories, and the monthly columns and departments, the November issue also contains a section titled “Expo at a Glance” on page 37. The section details some of the happenings that will take place at the 2013 NGWA® Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, the industry’s biggest annual event, December 3-6 in Nashville, Tennessee.

It also provides a list of all the companies that are currently slated to pack the Exhibit Hall. A list of suppliers that are taking part in the NGWA Supplier Incentive Program is on page 40.

Senior Editor Mike Price spoke with a water well contractor who has dedicated his life to providing clean drinking water to those living in Africa in this month’s Water Well Personalities article. In “Man on a Mission” on page 28, Price details the improbable journey Ken Wood’s life has taken after establishing Mike Price Lifetime Wells For Ghana Inc. in 2006. Wood, founder of Lifetime Well Drilling Inc. in Denton, Maryland, received a cold call from a water relief organization in York, Pennsylvania, seeking a used drill rig. He sold a used rig to

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the organization but wanted to do more, so he offered to travel to Ghana to help drill wells. Here’s an interesting wrinkle to the story: Wood, 70, races horses and uses the winnings to help fund his drilling efforts in Ghana and Tanzania. Since 2006 Wood has drilled more than 1000 wells in Ghana and nearly 200 in Tanzania.Not a fan of the limelight, Wood has been featured on The Today Show on NBC and in AARP The Magazine.

Water relief organizations providing clean water to those who need it are addressed by freelance writer Jennifer Strawn in “The Global Water Crisis” on page 23. According to estimates from the United Nations, 1.2 billion people—about 20% of the world’s population—live in areas with physical scarcity. About 1.6 billion people suffer from economic scarcity. Most are concentrated in developing countries in Africa, South America, Central America, and Southeast Asia where they lack the infrastructure to get water from rivers and aquifers. Strawn interviews numerous water relief organizations striving to Jennifer Strawn change the before-mentioned statistics. A sidebar article lists organizations involved with groundwater projects overseas and includes contact information for them. The National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation is one such organization that provides small assistance grants

Attention all NGWA members —WE NEED YOU! We’re launching the “I’m NGWA” campaign to let others know about how great you, our members, are and the many things you do to promote the groundwater industry and the groundwater resource . . . as well as the National Ground Water Association.

To participate in the campaign, all we need is your photo or video, and a few words stating what being an NGWA member means to you.

I’m NGWA 10/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

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For all of the details on making a submission, visit www.NGWA.org/I-am-NGWA or call customer service at 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791). We look forward to hearing from you soon!

waterwelljournal.com

IN THIS

ISSUE

SECURE SYSTEM

to benefit the quality of life for people in developing countries around the world.

Freelance writer Raymond L. Straub Jr., PG, gives an introduction of basic drill site geology and borehole logging in this month’s installment of Field Notes on page 33. Straub states one of the more difficult concepts to express to the public in the drilling profession is the movement and availability of groundwater. It’s Raymond Straub what drove him to write about the basics of groundwater hydrology to help promote understanding and provide language for dialogue between groundwater professionals and the public. Straub writes groundwater professionals can help further the dialogue within their areas of expertise to communities, politicians, and lawmakers so that they can make informed decisions on groundwater-related issues as they relate to public policies.

In this month’s On Site column, Victor Rotonda writes about the importance of having the proper technology at the work site in “The Right Tool for the Right Job” on page 56. Rotonda opens by asking, “Are we making the best decisions today when it comes to knowing the right tooling systems to use in the drilling industry?” The column compares both the conventional soil sampling system and the dual tube sampling system, stressing the benefits of each one.

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Water Well Journal November 2013 11/

INDUSTRY

NEWSLINE

Energy Efficiency Bill Gets Pushed Back Congressional deliberations on Syria pushed back Senate plans to consider the Shaheen-Portman energy efficiency bill on September 10.

The National Ground Water Association and the Geothermal Exchange Organization have worked with Senate supporters on a potential geothermal heat pump-related amendment to the bill. Specifically, the amendment, if passed, would recognize geothermal heat pumps as renewable energy under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 federal purchase requirements.

Because of the uncertainty regarding the outlook for Shaheen-Portman even before this delay, NGWA and GEO have also discussed an amendment to the Defense Authorization bill as a potential alternate route if necessary. The Defense Authorization bill is seen as one of seven bills that has the greatest chance of eventual passage in this Congress.

12/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

Nebraska Lawmaker Sees More Battles Over Groundwater Irrigation in River Basin The Associated Press reports Nebraska officials will likely face additional court battles if they try to limit groundwater irrigation near the Republican River to conserve water, according to a state lawmaker.

The state is already mired in litigation, and a lingering drought has raised concerns about whether Nebraska will have enough water to meet its obligations.

Access to the Republican River’s water is spelled out in a 1943 compact involving Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas. The agreement allocates 49% of the river’s water to Nebraska, 40% to Kansas, and 11% to Colorado.

Earlier this year, the Nebraska Department of Natural Resources ordered the release of water from four reservoirs in the Republican River Basin to keep the state in compliance with the Republican River Compact, a move that

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alarmed surface water irrigators. State Senator Mark Christensen of Imperial told the Lincoln Journal Star he was confident more lawsuits will come if the state restricts irrigation, as many expect will happen.

Kansas has long accused Nebraska of violating the 1943 compact by allowing farmers to divert more than their legal share for private use. Kansas has said Nebraska has allowed the proliferation and use of thousands of wells hydraulically connected to the river and its tributaries, thus depleting the river’s flow.

Nebraska already has been sued by Kansas over its use of the Republican River.

Groups Release Economic Impact Study of Western Irrigated Agriculture The Family Farm Alliance and the Irrigation Association jointly released a white paper, “The Economic Impacts of Western Irrigated Agriculture.”

NEWS/continues on page 14

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The paper summarizes basic economic information current to irrigated agriculture and quantifies the impact of irrigated agriculture on annual household income in the western United States. The study found the total production value for the 17 states comprising this western U.S. region was about $171 billion in 2011, with an estimated $117 billion tied to irrigated agriculture. “It is clear that irrigated agriculture is a key economic driver for the western United States,� said John Farner, the Irrigation Association’s government affairs director. “Without water for agricultural irrigation, our nation would not only suffer significant food shortages, we would also see significant damage to our economy and job losses throughout the western United States.�

According to the study, the annual direct household income derived from the irrigated agriculture industry is estimated at $64 billion in the western United States region. After further analysis of the total direct, indirect, and deduced impacts, researchers deter-

mined the total household income impact to be an estimated $156 billion annually.

The paper was developed by the Pacific Northwest Project, working with the Family Farm Alliance and the Irrigation Association, to address specific policy questions raised by senior staff from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Water about water resources economics.

IKEA Plans Largest Geothermal Project in Missouri The Fort Mill Times in Fort Mill, South Carolina, reports IKEA, a global home furnishings retailer, announced plans to incorporate geothermal technology into the heating and cooling system of its future Kansas City–area store under construction in Merriam, Kansas.

Related drilling and underground work should be complete by winter, with the system—the largest such project in Kansas or Missouri—ultimately operational when IKEA Merriam opens in fall 2014 as the second company store tapping geothermal. Denver-area

IKEA Centennial opened with geothermal in 2011.

This closed-loop ground source heat pump system involves drilling 180 boreholes—6 inches in diameter and 600 feet deep—into the earth across part of the 19-acre IKEA parcel. Pipes placed into these boreholes will form an underground network of loops for circulating 36,000 gallons of heat-transferring liquid (a water-based, antifreeze solution) connected to 64 forced-air heat pumps to cool and heat the store. This system also includes five hot water heat pumps to provide potable hot water needed for the store’s lavatory and restaurant operations.

Fight for Groundwater Taking Place Underground in California The Associated Press reports California’s agricultural heartland is in the midst of a water war as the aquifer’s water table has dropped by more than 100 feet due to population growth. In Fresno, California, some wells have caved in or are slow to trickle. The cost

NEWS/continues on page 16

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NEWS/from page 14 of replacing those wells and extracting groundwater ballooned by 400%.

“We became the largest energy demand in the region—$11 million a year for electricity just to run the pumps,” said Martin Querin, manager of the city’s water division, which supplies 550,000 residents.

Fresno is one player in a water war that is quietly being fought underground. Throughout the Central Valley—one of the world’s most productive agricultural regions—farmers, residents,

and cities have seen their wells go dry.

Those who can afford it have drilled deeper wells that can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.

Experts say water supplies have been strained by growing city populations and massive tracts of newly planted orchards and vineyards.

“Water levels are dropping dramatically in some areas. It’s never been this bad,” said Steve Arthur, vice president of Arthur and Orum Well Drilling.

The drops create concerns that groundwater is becoming unaffordable and that overuse could cause serious

land subsidence, which can damage infrastructure such as roads.

California has few rules governing groundwater. While some basins limit pumping through management plans or court rulings, anyone can build a well and pump unlimited amounts in most of the state.

The U.S. Geological Survey has found in much of California—the San Joaquin Valley, the Central Coast, and Southern California—more water has historically been pulled out of the ground than was replenished.

Climate change and droughts are putting additional pressure on aquifers, said USGS hydrologist Claudia Faunt. There also is a recent shift among California farmers to replace row crops such as tomatoes with orchards, which cannot be scaled back in dry times.

On the west side of the Central Valley, massive farms whose surface water deliveries have been severely curtailed to protect fish in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta are increasingly relying on groundwater and digging deeper wells.

Farmers have also seen wells go dry east of Modesto in the Sierra foothills, where they have planted hundreds of thousands of acres of new orchards.

They have been forced to drill new wells as deep as 800 feet.

EPA Seeks to Ease Groundwater Cleanup Policy The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Superfund office is planning to ease its policy that favors cleanup of contaminated groundwater to meet strict drinking water standards. A top official said the agency plans to consult states on whether or how to weigh groundwater uses when setting cleanup objectives, according to Inside Washington Publishers.

Jim Woolford, director of EPA’s Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, said September 17 during a panel discussion before the Environmental Council of the States at its annual meeting in Arlington, Virginia, that the agency is considering a “flexible approach to setting remedial objectives” for contaminated groundwater. However, he called it a “very sensitive issue” that will require discussions with states.

Included will be discussions with 16/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

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states about how they determine groundwater uses, which may help the agency “set a different cleanup objective, different cleanup level than just what is in the drinking water maximum contaminant level,” he said. Discussions are expected to begin with states next month.

If the agency adopts the changes, it could soften a policy that has long driven costly cleanups that can require pump-and-treat remediation systems that liable parties are often required to fund.

Where cleanups are particularly complicated, such as where the resource is contaminated with dense non-aqueous phase liquids—chemicals like trichloroethene (TCE) or chemical mixtures that are heavier than, and only slightly soluble in, water—those pumpand-treat remedies can be permanent.

But in cases where no liable parties are viable and the Superfund trust fund has covered the cost of remediation, states are ultimately required to cover such long-term operation and maintenance costs after the trust fund has covered those costs for 10 years.

The agency’s push aligns with some of the recommendations contained in a landmark National Academies of Science 2012 report that is gaining increased attention among state regulators, EPA, and others.

The report, “Alternatives for Managing the Nation’s Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites,” examined the future of groundwater remediation efforts and found that at complex groundwater sites poorly accessible or recalcitrant contaminants have complicated or prevented site closure.

Facing dwindling budgets and federal funds, states raised the cost concern earlier this year when House Republicans advanced legislation that sought to ease state requirements under federal hazardous waste law.

In the Superfund program, Woolford said there are more than 1600 total sites, with 90% of them having groundwater issues. The EPA’s Web site said DNAPLs are likely to be present at 60% of Superfund sites. In addition, regulators said the issues over groundwater cleanups affect a broad spectrum of sites—cleanups under brownfields and the Resource Conservation and Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Recovery Act programs as well as the Superfund program.

Joint Water Business and Research Facility Opens in Milwaukee The Water Council and its partners on September 12 celebrated the grand opening of the Global Water Center, the United States’ first-of-its-kind collaborative business and academic research and commercialization facility focused on freshwater technologies. The Global Water Center solidifies Milwaukee’s position as a World Water Hub. The Milwaukee area holds a $10.5 billion stake in the market, which accounts for 4% of the world’s total water business.

The Global Water Center is located at 247 West Freshwater Way. The street was formally renamed to Freshwater Way to symbolize the industrial evolution happening in the region. Originally built in 1904, the seven-story warehouse was renovated to house water-related technology development facilities for existing companies and act as an accelerator space for new, emerging water technology businesses. Tenants include a mix of academia, international corporations, water technology startups, and support organizations.

The 98,000-square-foot building features a lecture hall, exhibition space for new prototypes, as well as high-tech, shared core facilities. The first floor of the building also features a $500,000

state-of-the-art flow lab, provided by Badger Meter. The shared lab provides tenants with the ability to conduct highly accurate testing of water samples in real-time, something that historically has been outsourced.

“Milwaukee is home to more than 150 water technology companies that span the full range of water use, from manufacturing components to water delivery and purification,” said Dean Amhaus, president and CEO of the Water Council. “The Global Water Center gives us the unique opportunity to harness the economic talent and technology development of industry and academia under one roof to truly position Milwaukee as the World Water Hub.” The opening of the Global Water Center serves as the first physical building block in the long-term development vision for the Water Council. The building offers expansive views of Reed Street Global Water Technology Park, a mixed-use urban office, educational, research, and technology zone focused on the international water industry.

“The Global Water Center is just the beginning,” said Paul Jones, co-founder and co-chair of the Water Council and executive chairman of A.O. Smith Corp., an NGWA manufacturer member.

“Five years from now, you will see a new water-driven economy flourishing in Reed Street Yards and the surrounding area. We are reinventing Milwaukee into a World Water Hub.”

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Water Well Journal November 2013 17/

THE

LOG

NEWS FROM THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

NGWA Provides New Private Water Well Owner Help Under U.S. EPA Agreement NGWA is inviting household water well owners to take advantage of a new hotline, a monthly tip sheet, and other training and technical assistance tools supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

The goal of the U.S. EPA-funded cooperative agreement with NGWA is to increase the knowledge of private well owners in the 50 states, territories, and tribal lands so that they can act in ways that reduce risks to their drinking water supplies.

NGWA activated the toll-free private water well owner hotline, (855) H20-WELL (855-420-9355), on September 24.

Over the next 11 months, NGWA also will develop and make available: • A monthly e-mailed tip sheet for private water well owners, and state and local officials involved in private water well matters • A series of Webinars also targeted to private water well owners, and state and local officials involved in private water well-related matters • A series of learn-at-your-own-pace online training modules about important water quality-related subjects including water testing and water treatment, groundwater protection, well maintenance, and well construction.

NGWA will promote the training and technical assistance tools by waging a year-round public awareness campaign and through its Web site dedicated to private well owners, www.WellOwner.org.

Two Join NGWA Certified Ranks in August Two contractors from a Maryland company became the latest to join the ranks of the NGWA’s Voluntary Certification Program.

Michael Kfoury, CWD/PI, and Tim Shupe Jr., CWD/PI, earned the designation Certified Well Driller/Pump Installer in August. Both work for Allied Environmental Services Inc. in Annapolis Junction, Maryland.

Their joining brings the total of NGWA certified groundwater industry professionals in good standing to 1000. The largest section is certified well drillers (328), followed by certified well drillers/pump installers (277), and certified groundwater professionals (132). There are 77 Master Groundwater Contractors, the highest certified designation offered by NGWA. If you have any questions about the NGWA certification programs, contact Jessica Rhoads, NGWA industry practices administrator/certification coordinator, at jrhoads@ngwa.org, or call (800) 551-7379, ext. 511. If outside the United States, call (614) 898-7791, ext. 511.

NGWA Issues Contractor Certification Notices Those who are in good standing in the NGWA Voluntary Certification Program should have received their 2014 renewal invoices in October.

These individuals have until December 31, 2013 to report their seven hours of continuing education, submit their signed affidavit, and pay their renewal fee.

If you have any questions about the NGWA certification programs, contact Jessica Rhoads, NGWA industry practices administrator/certification coordinator, at jrhoads@ngwa.org, or call (800) 551-7379, ext. 511. If outside the United States, call (614) 898-7791, ext. 511.

NGWA Offers CSP–Drilling Operations Exam

Water Level Measurement • • •

Groundwater level monitoring Noncontact acoustic technology Portable or permanent installations

Visit us at the NGWA EXPO BOOTH 863

www.enoscientific.com (Toll Free) 888-803-3796 18/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

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NGWA is offering a second component to the Certified Sales Professional designation within its Voluntary Certification Program, the Certified Sales Professional–Drilling Exam.

The CSP designation is specifically intended for suppliers and manufacturers. Earning the CSP designation is a remarkable way to demonstrate your commitment to enhancing industry professionalism and providing good customer service.

Eligible individuals who wish to earn the designation will be required to take only one exam, but they can extend their designation to a CSP-II by passing both the drilling and pump installation exams. Exam appointments may be scheduled through NGWA’s third-party testing facility, PSI LaserGrade, by calling (800) 211-2754 (360-896-9111 outside the United States).

NGWA Adds 177 New Members in August NGWA added 177 members in August. Of the total, 119 were scientists and engineers, while there were also 32 contractors, 16 students, six manufacturers, three suppliers, and one associate.

A total of 600 members renewed their membership as well.

To learn more about NGWA and how to become a member, visit www.NGWA.org. waterwelljournal.com

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www.GroundwaterExpo.com t Circle card no. 37

WEB

NOTES

FIND IT ON THE NGWA WEB SITE, NGWA.ORG

Still Time to Secure Booth Space at 2013 Expo ®

The online booth selection database for the 2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, December 3-6 in Nashville, Tennessee, is up and running for industry manufacturers and suppliers at GroundwaterExpo.com. With the online process, you can request your booth space, complete the exhibit application, and pay for the space with a credit card.

The Expo trade show dates are December 4-5. These days give manufacturers and suppliers the opportunity to gain direct access to thousands of groundwater professionals.

You can meet a year’s worth of contacts in just two days and showcase your products at the most prestigious show within the groundwater industry. Attendees at the Expo are there to inspect and compare products and equipment vital to their livelihood.

If you have questions about a booth, contact NGWA’s Vickie Wiles at vwiles@ngwa.org, or call (800) 551-7379, ext. 593. You can also contact Shelby Fleck at sfleck@ngwa.org, or call (800) 551-7379, ext. 523. If outside the United States, the number to call is (614) 898-7791.

NGWA Announces 2013 Award Winners NGWA congratulates the recipients of its annual Awards of Excellence, Outstanding Groundwater Project Awards, and Divisional Awards. The awards will be presented this December during the 2013 NGWA® Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting in Nashville, Tennessee.

Long-time NGWA member Ronald B. Peterson has

received the Association’s top honor as the 2013 recipient of the Ross L. Oliver Award for outstanding contributions to the groundwater industry. Peterson is an employee of Baroid Industrial Drilling Products out of South Jordan, Utah.

The other 2013 NGWA award recipients follow.

Awards of Excellence: • Chunmiao Zheng, Ph.D., professor at the University of Alabama and professor/chair and director at the Center for Water Resources, Peking University, China— M. King Hubbert Award for major science contributions to the knowledge of groundwater • Arthur E. Becker, MGWC, CPG, general manager, Environmental Drilling Division, SGS North America— Robert Storm Interdivisional Cooperation Award • Gregory D. Buffington, PE, Layne Christensen Co., Aurora, Illinois; Leonard Konikow, Ph.D., U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia; and Evan Nyer, retired from ARCADIS, Tampa, Florida—Life Member Awards • Steve Maslansky, Maslansky Geoenvironmental, Prescott, Arizona—Individual Safety Advocate Award • Michael Gefell, ARCADIS, Lakewood, Colorado— Technology Award • Wes McCall, Geoprobe Systems, Salina, Kansas— Special Recognition Award • U.S. Senator Bernard Sanders (I-Vermont)— Groundwater Protector Award (presented earlier this year during the 2013 NGWA Washington Fly-in in February) • Carl Lee, Milby Co., Elkridge, Maryland— Standard Bearer Award.

Outstanding Groundwater Project Awards: • City of Phoenix, City of Phoenix Aquifer Storage and Recovery Wells—Groundwater Supply Award • ARCADIS, Numerical Analysis of Groundwater/Surface Water Interference at Blackfoot Bridge Project— Groundwater Protection Award • ARCADIS, Protection of Public Supply Well Installation Relative to Superfund Sites—Groundwater Remediation Award.

Divisional Awards: • John Selker, Ph.D., Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, and Scott Tyler, Ph.D., University of Reno, Reno, Nevada—John Hem Excellence in Science & Engineering Award for significant scientific or engineering contributions to the understanding of groundwater • Brent Murray, PG, Environmental Quality Inc., Tequesta, Florida—Keith E. Anderson Award for outstanding contributions to NGWA’s Scientists and Engineers Division • Mike Benet, North American Specialty Products, Willow Park, Texas—Manufacturers Division Special Recognition Award • Jim Paulhus, F.W. Webb, Cranston, Rhode Island— Supplier of the Year Award.

20/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

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To read more about NGWA awards, which honor the best of the best in the groundwater industry, visit www.NGWA .org/Awards. waterwelljournal.com

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257 Caroline St. 257 Caroline St.

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Circle no.7546 Circle card card no.

Circle no.7546

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(COVER STORY)

The Global Water Crisis Water relief organizations bring clean water to those who need it.

By Jennifer Strawn hile many in the United States and around the world are struggling with physical water scarcity from drought and overuse, even more lack the economic resources needed to access clean, fresh water.

According to estimates from the United Nations, 1.2 billion people— or about one-fifth of the world’s population—live in areas with physical scarcity. About 1.6 billion people suffer from economic scarcity. Most are con-

W

Jennifer Strawn was the associate editor of Water Well Journal from 2004 to 2007. She is currently in the internal communications department at Nationwide Insurance in Columbus, Ohio.

She can be reached at strawnj2 @gmail.com.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

While each organization mentioned

“Our goal is to engage, educate, in this article and all of the groups mentioned in the accompanying sidebar are and inspire U.S. youth about different, they share a common goal. the global water crisis while Improve access to one of life’s most basic needs. encouraging them to take local and global actions H2O for Life H2O for Life believes in harnessing that make a difference.” centrated in developing countries in Africa, South America, Central America, and Southeast Asia where they lack the infrastructure to get water from rivers and aquifers.

Hundreds—if not thousands—of water relief organizations and charities are working to raise money, increase awareness of the global water crisis, and combat the water crisis one well at a time.

the power of the youth in the United States to affect change. It works with U.S. schools to partner them with schools in developing countries that need access to clean water, toilets, or hand washing.

“Our goal is to engage, educate, and inspire U.S. youth about the global water crisis while encouraging them to take local and global actions that make a

WATER RELIEF/continues on page 24 Water Well Journal November 2013 23/

WATER RELIEF/from page 23 difference,” says Patty Hall of H2O for Life.

It provides tool kits to participating schools with educational curriculum focusing around water. Students can complete science experiments, read stories, and participate in other activities.

Once students learn about water and the global water crisis, they’re encouraged to plan fundraising events to raise money for the water projects at their partner school overseas.

Each school’s events are different, but the goal is to get the students actively involved.

“It’s based on service learning,” Hall says. “The goal is to have kids planning and implementing the events so that we’re, hopefully, teaching them that their actions can collectively make a difference.”

H2O for Life is purely a fundraising organization. It partners with nongovernmental organizations in its countries of focus. Those NGOs provide project portfolios with the work that needs done, the number of children in the school, and how much the project will cost.

U.S. students help raise about half of the money for the project at their partner school. The rest comes from the NGO and local community where the project will be completed. Community buy-in includes funding, but also “sweat equity,” Hall says.

“We teach the kids that it’s not about giving a handout. It’s about giving a handup,” Hall says.

Since the organization’s founding, it has helped complete 523 projects in various developing countries and has partnered with more than 800 U.S. schools to do the work. One school—Stillwater Junior High School in Stillwater, Minnesota—has been raising money for nearly five years.

“Every year they read a book called They Poured Fire on Us from the Sky, which was written by a group of lost boys from Sudan,” Hall says. (The book’s subtitle is The True Story of Three Lost Boys from Sudan.) “Students also complete projects about human rights, water, and the problems in these countries.”

24/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

Students at a school in Uganda use a new well added from efforts of H2O for Life school partners in the United States.

Children at La Cumbre School in Santiago, Guatemala, receive water, toilets, and hand washing facilities from H2O for Life.

waterwelljournal.com

Students at the school also host a Walk for Water, where they collect pledges and walk three miles carrying gallons of water to simulate what kids do every day in the developing world.

Each year, a former “lost boy from Sudan” is invited to speak at their school, which helps gather further support from their community.

“We really believe that youth are often an overlooked source of people who can make a difference in the world,” Hall says. “We’re hoping to create a generation of global citizens that really realize their actions have impact.

I think that’s the really critical thing we’re trying to impart. It’s not about the funds raised. It’s about what they’re learning while they’re doing that.”

Since it began drilling in 2000, Healing Hands International has provided more than 500 wells in Haiti, Honduras, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and India.

Integrated Community Development International During his missionary career, Jim Hocking saw the extreme need in the Central African Republic. People often didn’t have access to clean water, food, or clothing.

To help meet those needs, Hocking founded Integrated Community Development International, a Christian-based relief organization seeking to break the cycle of poverty in the Central African Republic through access to clean water.

The organization drills new wells, rehabilitates existing wells, and performs preventive maintenance by working with a local Central African staff the organization hires and trains to do the work.

“Too often, the new borehole is drilled, and a photo is snapped of smiling faces. This is what we see on a regular basis,” Hocking says. “The hard work of keeping that pump going in remote areas of the country is what is much more important to keep people from getting back into the rut that they were in and damaging their chances for health and success.”

Since the organization’s founding, it has drilled more than 400 new wells and rehabilitated nearly 1200 more. Each well serves 500 people or so.

While new wells are sometimes needed, providing regular maintenance on existing wells sets Integrated Community Development International apart from many groups. It estimates nearly 60% of the existing wells in the region Twitter @WaterWellJournl

are non-functioning. Sometimes, it’s due to a failed $10 part that a trained repair team could fix in as few as 30 minutes.

“This issue is not isolated to the Central African Republic. Of the 345,071 hand pumps installed in Sub-Saharan Africa, reportedly 124,709 [more than one-third] are no longer functioning, due to the difficulty of repairing broken pumps.

“This is actually a very low estimate,” Hocking says. “There are a lot of organizations focused on providing water in developing countries, but we believe maintenance is the answer.”

Repair teams are set up by ICDI through a repair contract between the organization and the village where the wells are located. These teams have a well mechanic, an assistant, and a sanitation trainer. They’re provided a truck, tools, training, and routes. On average, teams manage about 350 wells and report the impact of the well and any maintenance needs through a customized iPad app.

The app, launched in 2012, allows ICDI to receive real-time information on a well while the team is working in the field. Information collected includes photos, GPS coordinates, repair lists, and village information. It also helps the organization track a village’s payments and manage its supply chain.

It’s typically a five-year process for communities to find funding and receive training. Currently, maintenance is partially paid for by the village and subsidized by ICDI. “We have information on more than 1300 pumps, but getting funding and training the village takes time. Most people are not interested in a three- to five-year project to change the course of history for these villages. But that is what it is going to take,” Hocking says.

Healing Hands International Healing Hands International started in 1993 as a class project at Lipscomb University in Nashville, Tennessee. It started out by providing only medical aid to countries overseas, but it has since expanded to include agricultural aid and water well drilling.

Since it began drilling in 2000, the organization has provided more than 500 wells in Haiti, Honduras, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and India.

Healing Hands brought rigs to Haiti and Ethiopia, where its lead driller Curt King, CWD/PI of CCM Ethiopia in Seattle, Washington, works on projects.

King is a member of the National Ground Water Association.

WATER RELIEF/continues on page 26 Water Well Journal November 2013 25/

Water Relief Organizations Working Overseas These organizations are involved with groundwater projects overseas. More information on these organizations can be found at www.NGWA.org under the “Professional Resources” tab. Click “Groundwater industry links” and a link to organizations involved with overseas groundwater projects will appear.

The Ann Campana Judge Foundation Contact: Michael Campana acjf@acjfoundation.org www.acjfoundation.org Charity: Water info@charitywater.org www.charitywater.org

Integrated Community Development International Contact: Jim Hocking jimhocking@icdi.org www.icdinternational.org

Thirst Relief International Contact: Nathan White nathanwhite@thirstrelief.org www.thirstrelief.org

Living Water International Contact: Tim Mulville tim@water.ccwww.water.cc

Water4 Foundation Contact: Richard Greenley rcgreenly@pumpsofoklahoma.com www.water4.org

Columbia Water Center watercenter@columbia.edu http://water.columbia.edu

Medicine for Mali Contact: Dave Merschman dave.m@shophomemakers.com http://medicineformali.org

Water 4 Kids International Contact: Angie Simon angie@hope4kidsinternational.org www.water4kidsinternational.org

Flowing Streams Ministries Contact: Mike Turvey cleanwater2020@gmail.com www.flowingstreamsministries.org

Missions Resource International Contact: Gabe Hilliard ghilliard@missionsresource.org www.missionsresource.org

Water for Life Contact: Leonard Hochstedler leonard@waterforlifehaiti.com www.wflhaiti.com

Global Water Contact: Ted Kuepper info@globalwater.org www.globalwater.org

National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation Contact: Kevin McCray kmccray@ngwa.org www.ngwa.org/Foundation

Water for Life International Contact: Gary Bartholomew garyangiebart@ptera.net www.h2oforlife.org

Clear Blue Global Water Project www.clearblueproject.com

H2O for Life Contact: Patty Hall phall@h2oforlifeschools.org www.h2oforlifeschools.org Healing Hands International Contact: Joseph Smith jsmith@hhi.org www.hhi.org Hope Life International Contact: Joseph Idigba Awuru admin@hopelifeinternational.org www.hopelifeinternational.org

WATER RELIEF/from page 25 “We believe by owning our own equipment and doing the work ourselves, we can make a commitment to the country where we’re working and drilling,” says Joseph Smith, director of operations for Healing Hands. “We try to meet the needs of the people in areas where the government may not be able to meet the need and areas where they are not likely to be able to provide any solution for themselves.”

26/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

PresAid Uganda Contact: Noel Thomas Kalunda administration@presaiduganda.org www.presaiduganda.org Rosshirt Water for Africa Foundation trosshirt@insight.rr.com www.rosshirtwaterforafricafoundation .com Ryan’s Well Foundation Contact: Connie Jensen info@ryanswell.ca www.ryanswell.ca

Healing Hands enlists locals to help with the work whenever possible. It trains and hires locals in Ethiopia to complete well maintenance during the rainy season when its crews can’t be there drilling.

“They can be there repairing wells,” Smith says. “With just a motorcycle and a bag of tools, they can start their own well repair business.”

While the organization drills a lot of wells, sometimes wells aren’t actually the best solution.

Water for People Contact: Audrey Alonzo www.waterforpeople.org Water of Life Contact: April Gray info@givefreshwater.org www.givefreshwater.org Water.org Contact: Leah Blanton donorcare@water.org www.water.org World Hope International Contact: Scott Drury scottdrury@worldhope.net www.worldhope.org “There are some areas in Haiti where there’s not good water underground,” he says. “Some of the areas are too salty because they’re so close to the ocean.”

In these areas, it sets up rainwater harvesting programs to collect rainwater from roofs on schools and other larger buildings so they can use the water later.

Because these systems require additional water treatment, the organization also provides water filtration systems such as Sawyer hollow fiber membrane filters, biosand filters, and clay pot filters. waterwelljournal.com

In countries where the organization doesn’t have drilling equipment such as Kenya, Zambia, and India, it contracts with drilling companies based in the country.

“We make sure it’s a company owned inside of that nation, not some multinational corporation,” Smith says. “We want to make sure the profits from the well are staying in that country."

When necessary, Healing Hands will partner with other NGOs and local communities to complete the work.

For example, in Kenya local community members are helping dig trenches for a large water distribution system that will take water from three wells and distribute it to outlying communities with underground pipes, storage tanks, and water kiosks. In this instance, Healing Hands also worked with rotary clubs in Kenya and the United States and with Rotary International to accomplish the project.

“When communities don’t have access to clean drinking water, they have to walk long distances to get to a river or another well in a village up to five miles away,” Smith says. “That takes kids out of school and takes time that could be spent on more beneficial activities like growing more food to raise money for the things they need.”

Global Water For Global Water, the answer to the global water crisis is more than just drilling wells in developing nations, it’s about educating people on the importance of safe water and sanitation.

In Guatemala, it partners with the U.S. Peace Corps to help communities learn how sanitation and hygiene can help them stay healthy.

“Sometimes, it’s easier to build the system,” says Kathleen Kuepper, program director for Global Water. “It takes some time to change habits and help people understand why you need clean water and to wash your hands.”

Founded in 1982 by former U.S. Ambassador John McDonald and Dr. Peter Bourne, the organization started out as an awareness and humanitarian aid charity. It’s gone on to become a projectbased relief organization.

Volunteers assist the organization in looking for grants and writing grant proposals. Then, it partners with local Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Find out about the Developing Nations Fund The National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation’s Developing Nations Fund provides small assistance grants to benefit the quality of life for people in developing economies around the world without access to plentiful supplies of potable groundwater.

Find out about projects that receive funds, and how you can help or donate at www.ngwa.org/Foundation/developing_world. organizations working in the countries to build the water systems.

“We view it as a long-term investment,” she says. “It uses the skills and management within the country itself, so it stays in the country.”

Global Water has projects in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Peru, Sierra Leone, and Tanzania. It mostly drills wells in Africa, but in Central America the group focuses on spring catchment systems and hand-dug wells.

“The water table is much closer to the surface, so you can do a hand-dug well easily,” she says.

Spring catchment systems capture the water, control it, and distribute it in the village, which can be a large project because villages in the area are often dispersed. They try to put a tap at each house, if possible.

“In many of the countries, it’s the women and children who are responsible for walking long distances to collect the water,” Kuepper says. “Putting taps at their homes cuts down on the time needed to gather the water. It relieves

them of the duty and may allow girls to go to school or allow more time for the moms to tend to the garden or do another job.”

Global Water has a team of technical specialists that studies water filtration systems so it can recommend effective solutions. It has tested chlorine injectors and, most recently, a water project in Nicaragua examined ceramic and biosand filters.

“A filter may work really well, but if people don’t use it, it won’t work in that situation,” Kuepper says.

Global Water calls it a “technology push program,” she says. It studies different technologies so it can recommend them in specific projects.

“Water is the most basic element you need,” Kuepper says. “Clean water can keep you healthy. If you’re not healthy, you’re not going to work strong and you’re not going to be able to concentrate in school. Access to clean water has the power to help a lot different aspects in a community.” WWJ

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Circle card no. 11

Water Well Journal November 2013 27/

Man on a Mission Ken Wood is striving to provide clean drinking water to those living in Africa.

By Mike Price

Photos courtesy Lifetime Well Drilling Inc. and Wayne Davis 28/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

he Friday, October 4 text message from Tanzania was succinct. “Eight wells drilled so far. Mean drilling. Moving to remote area. 5000 people so far.”

David Powell, CWD/PI, chuckles over the idea of “remoteness.” All drilling in Tanzania is remote. He reasons this must really be desolate. Five thousand people received clean water from eight water wells drilled.

In Africa, 150 out of 1000 children die before reaching their fifth birthday.

Most deaths of children under 5 are due to contaminated drinking water, 25% due to diarrhea alone.

Powell, president of Edward Powell Pump & Well Drilling Inc. in Aston, Pennsylvania, was scheduled to travel to Ghana in mid-October to drill for the remainder of the month. It marks his 10th trip to Ghana, where in rural parts of the country 4% of households have a connection for water, and only 2% have a connection for sewerage.

“One of these days I’m going to sell what I’m doing here in the states and do this full time,” the 53-year-old Powell says. “I really like working in Africa.

It’s what I love.”

This sentiment is shared by many working in the groundwater industry— water well contractors, manufacturers and suppliers, and scientists and engineers. All say seeing the sheer joy wash over children’s faces after water is coming up out of the ground for the first time grabs them.

“You only have to experience it once,” Powell says. “If you go and actually see the poverty and see what people have to drink and you know you have skills that most people don’t, it’s almost like how can I not help?”

The text message Powell received mid-afternoon perked up his Friday.

It came from a friend and drilling colleague four hours south of Morogoro, located in the southern highlands of Tanzania. The two go back 25 years, first meeting at a Maryland-Delaware

T

Mike Price is the senior editor of Water Well Journal.

In addition to his WWJ responsibilities, Price produces NGWA’s newsletters and contributes to the Association’s quarterly scientific publication. He can be reached at mprice@ngwa.org.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

The Water Problem in Ghana • In rural Ghana, 4% of households have a connection for water, and only 2% have a connection for sewerage.

• 150 out of 1000 children die before reaching their fifth birthday.

• Most deaths of children under 5 are due to contaminated water, 25% due to diarrhea alone.

Water Well Association convention in Baltimore, Maryland.

Both are members of the National Ground Water Association. They have formed an unofficial partnership to drill as many water wells in Africa as possible.

In Ghana, Powell’s friend is known as “Torgbe Agbetsi,” which in English is translated “Chief Living Water.” Closer to home he is Ken Wood, president of Lifetime Well Drilling Inc. in Denton, Maryland.

than 500,000 people at a cost of about $3.50 per person.

• Run more than 30 miles of pipeline to carry water from safe sources to remote villagers.

• Trained local residents in well drilling operations to the point where they are able to continue operations in his absence.

The villages usually celebrate with singing and dancing for hours after a well is finished. They say water is life in Ghana. Following drilling, the well casing is sunk into the well and a concrete pad is poured and a hand pump is installed.

Driving the rough roads through villages and seeing pumps working is the reward. “It’s just a good feeling,” Wood says in his soft tone. “You don’t have to say a word. It just hits you and you know it’s the right thing.”

He drills between 12 and 14 hours a day with as few breaks as possible.

Time is of the essence.

“He’s just about ‘let’s go, let’s go, move,’” Powell says. “He knows how to drill and he doesn’t just poke around.

He starts early and if he can get another well in before it gets pitch black, he’s going to. He just works like a dog.”

Wood drills on average 25 to 35 wells each trip, which range anywhere from a week to 10 days or so. He spends up to three months a year in Africa.

The total cost to drill a well is between $3000 and $3500.

“When I consider that I can bring clean water to a person for the first time at an average cost of about $3.50 per person, it’s a no-brainer as to how I should be spending my life,” he says.

In addition to drilling wells, Wood has performed or paid for numerous humanitarian acts, ranging from installing water pipelines and buying shoes for school children to rebuilding a woman’s home destroyed by fire, and buying a hand-operated cycle for a crippled woman.

ood insists naming him honorary chief won’t make him work any harder, joking that the local Ghanaians in the West African nation are trying to butter him up.

The elaborate ceremony lasted a day and a half on Saturday, September 15, 2007 in Denu, a small town and capital of the Ketu Municipal district. It is located on the southeastern corner of the Volta Region of Ghana, near the GhanaTogo border. Wood was dressed in a ceremonial white robe, presented a silver ring, a silver chain around his neck, and other significant items important to the ceremony. Fifteen hundred villagers participated in a 4½-hour dance ceremony.

He also has received chickens and goats for his work. He is moved by the expressions of gratitude.

How inconceivable a farm boy from Maryland becoming an honorary chief in Africa is only matched by the story of how Wood was drawn to this line of work and how he maintains funding for it. More on that later.

Since July 2006, Wood has made more than 18 trips to Ghana. By using mostly his own resources and equipment donated by his company, he has:

t’s spring 2005. Wayne Davis is watching a Robert Redfordnarrated documentary on Africa’s water plight. He is struck by it and how easy it is to fix. He is spurred into action.

• Drilled more than 1050 water wells in southeast Ghana, serving more

MAN ON A MISSION/continues on page 30

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Water Well Journal November 2013 29/

MAN ON A MISSION/from page 29 Davis gains much support from his church members at Aldersgate United Methodist Church in York, Pennsylvania, and creates Waters of Love For Ghana. Davis begins cold calling water well drilling companies seeking to purchase a used drill rig.

On the third call Davis reaches out to Lifetime Well Drilling, where it coincidentally has a used 1980 George E. Failing Co. 1250 mud rotary drill rig for sale. Ben Wood, son of Ken, takes the phone call and arrangements are made to purchase it.

In January 2006, Ken Wood drives the drill rig 120 miles where the church congregation is waiting to celebrate its arrival. The York Daily Record is even on hand to cover the event. Church members ask if he is willing to help them drill a water well. He is reluctant due to his busy workload, but he donates a water truck, air compressor, and other equipment.

Two weeks later Wood is attending a bank seminar in Kiawah Island, South Carolina. The keynote speaker is coincidentally from Ghana. He talks about walking two miles to a dirty pond twice a day just to get water so he can take his medication. Wood knows he met this man for a reason.

“If that’s not someone talking to you, I don’t know what is,” he recalls. “I said ‘I’m on board’ before telling the wife.”

Wood returns home and sets up Lifetime Wells For Ghana Inc., an organization that drills water wells in villages lacking access to clean water. Many get water from rivers and become infected by diseases such as Guinea Worm Disease and River Blindness. Thousands die each year from drinking contaminated water from ponds or hand-dug wells.

“You see the kids hauling the water up and down the road . . . you would not let your dog touch the water, it’s that bad,” he says.

Each trip costs between $50,000 and $70,000, in addition to supplies for the wells that can run as much as $8000 each.

One of Wood’s passions in life for more than 40 years has been harness racing. Although he initially thought his father, Steve, was a “sissy” for buying a 30/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

“He has gone all out. This is his life calling. Once he started this, he won’t stop.

I know that.” sulky in the late 1960s, he realized it’s much like riding a horse. He begins to enjoy it, making a couple of bucks but more than anything has fun. He has owned a small stable of horses ever since.

Wood expands his drilling in 2011 to Tanzania, located on the east coast of Africa. He needs funding to send another rig to Ghana and is forced to send one piece of equipment at a time. But a horse he coincidently bought a couple months earlier wins a $150,000 race, and he uses the winnings to send all of the equipment.

One horse, Anders Bluestone, won a little more than $800,000 in two years of racing. Five horses have made Wood more than $500,000 over the years.

Wood doesn’t view the winnings as his and pours it into supporting Lifetime Wells For Ghana.

“Those things do not happen in the racing business,” Wood asserts, “and it’s happened over and over at different times for different horses. You can go 100 years and maybe this will happen once, but this is too much. That’s all not coincidence.” ood doesn’t plan on retiring.

Much of what he was going to retire on has been spent on Lifetime Wells For Ghana anyway. No matter. He feels it’s a privilege to serve in Africa.

“I plan on croaking before I retire,” he says. “I work out every day. I don’t know how long my heart is going to hold up. I don’t enjoy sitting around.”

He recently celebrated his 70th birthday on October 22 after returning from Tanzania. In his lifetime he’s survived multiple heart attacks. Three days before leaving for Tanzania last September he was forced to undergo coronary artery bypass surgery. Three weeks later he was in Tanzania.

He walks a track nearby his home and rides a stationary bike to get the

W

heart rate pumping before lifting weights. He has become more serious about working out in the last six months.

“For the last six or seven years we’ve been doing this, and I’m in pretty good shape. He can work as hard or harder than me when we’re over there,” says Ben, who is 45. “When he gets over there, it’s like somebody is watching over him and pushing him even harder.”

The son of a dairy and grain farmer grew up five miles between Denton and Ridgely, Maryland, 70 miles east of Washington, D.C. Wood and his three siblings worked the 200-acre farm, trying to make ends meet. It was rough living. They used an outside bathroom into their teens.

Wood bought a 50-acre farm in 1966 for $25,000 three miles down the road from where he grew up. He worked long days at a small water well drilling business for 10 years to remain debt free after the purchase. He worked so much he worried others.

“People said I was going to kill myself,” he says. “We were taught to work growing up.”

He began his own business, Lifetime Well Drilling, in 1968 and incorporated it the following year. The firm ran five drill rigs with more than 20 employees before the housing collapse in 2008; since then it has run two or three rigs with 12-13 employees. A recent highlight was drilling a well for the Wounded Warrior Project in its area this past spring.

A few years ago Wood handed the business to Ben. Ben’s daughter, 21year-old Shelby, has also made the 11-hour trip to Ghana with them.

“We’re not doctors or lawyers or anything like that,” Ben says, “but we can make a big effect on a lot of people with what we can do drilling wells.”

Wood and his wife, Betsy, 71, celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary on January 25. She can’t travel to Africa for health reasons but supports him.

“Not many women would put up with her husband spending the money I’m spending and living humbly,” Wood says. “We don’t live very large, but we have more than what we need.”

The two met at a jousting tournament in Queen Anne, Maryland. Wood picked Betsy, who at the time was a jousting waterwelljournal.com

Ken Wood’s passion for harness racing helps support Lifetime Wells For Ghana Inc.

queen, to be his partner for winning the jousting tournament. They had Ben and adopted a son and daughter, Andrew and Trisha.

They are longtime parishioners of St. Benedict and St. Elizabeth Catholic Church in the Ridgely-Denton area.

The 5th Annual Walk for the “Well” of It 5k Run/Walk to benefit Lifetime Wells For Ghana was scheduled for November 9.

Wood wanted to put the 15 recognition plaques he’s received in the attic, but Betsy wouldn’t let him. He is embarrassed by it; prefers to give than receive.

“I always say they’re walking saints,” Ben says. “The both of them, they really are.” t’s Friday afternoon on September 13. Wood is finishing up another busy week of speaking engagements for Lifetime Wells For Ghana.

He spoke at two libraries the day before, one in Centreville, Maryland, the other 20 miles away in Denton. He was at a Rotary Club earlier in the week.

He speaks at civic groups, churches, and anywhere else to share Africa’s water troubles.

Betty Jane Kelley, secretary for both Lifetime Well Drilling and the Maryland-Delaware Water Well Association, has known Wood for at least 30 years.

What he is doing makes her proud.

“He has gone all out. This is his life calling,” she says. “Once he started this, he won’t stop. I know that.”

I

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Wood (blue shirt) oversees the drilling of a water well in Ghana, where he has drilled more than 1050 wells, serving more than 500,000 people.

To learn more about Lifetime Wells For Ghana Inc., visit www.wellsforghana.org.

His work hasn’t gone unnoticed.

NBC’s The Today Show aired a “Your Life Calling” series and featured Lifetime Wells For Ghana on October 19, 2010. Journalist Jane Pauley said it was one of her favorite episodes she did in the series.

He has been invited to speak at Columbia University in New York City. In 2009 he was inducted into the Maryland Senior Citizens Hall of Fame, one of five people given the GERI award for extraordinary humanitarian community service.

Again, Wood shies away from the attention. He even missed a visit with the U.S. Ambassador to Ghana to tend to drilling issues in the country.

Wood’s lifestyle transformation is evident. A car buff, he sold his 1957 ivory Ford Mustang with red interior and wire wheels to help pay for drilling. He sold part of the business building lot, and Ben sold his boat, to fund their second trip to Ghana.

“Materials do not make you happy; helping people makes you happy,” he states.

The worn hands of this water well driller hoped to complete another 35 wells in Tanzania on his most recent trip in October. That was if nothing broke down on him. He is at or near 200 wells in Tanzania. His tireless manager, Christine Pomary, tracks the number of wells drilled in Ghana and Tanzania. Volunteer Farajah Ukondwa and his family help in Tanzania too.

Wood is only needed in Ghana once in a while; he communicates with his trained drilling crew over the phone.

He drills mostly in Tanzania. His buddy, Powell, helps drill in Ghana.

The two complement each other: Wood’s expertise is mud rotary drilling and Powell’s is air rotary. They mainly run a downhole hammer with a 6½-inch drill bit, sometimes installing well casing into 10 feet of bedrock, sometimes 30-40 feet. They drill through granite mace, which wears on the drilling equipment and burns fuel fast.

The dry season to drill is between September and March. In Ghana wells range anywhere from 80-300 feet; in Tanzania it’s 100-200 feet. It takes Wood about an hour to drill 50 feet depending on the area. He’s had plenty of MacGyver stories over the years, improvising to get the job done.

“Gotta have a little bit of faith that it’s going to work,” he says.

Wood works with the Ghana and Tanzanian governments and districts.

It’s always a work in progress. His personality is either lead, follow, or get out of the way. His patience is thin because he is racing against time.

“There is not a single person in the drilling industry or in the world who has done more single-handedly than this man,” Powell says. “I don’t know how many people he’s gotten water, but I bet you he’s closing in on a million people.

“He just wants to get as many wells done before his life is done. That’s what drives the man. He is an inspiration to be around.” WWJ

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Field Notes

Introduction to basic drill site geology and borehole sample logging Raymond L. Straub Jr., PG

O

ne of the more difficult concepts to express to the public in our profession is the movement and availability of groundwater.

Due to the infinite number of variables that determine yield and quality, quantifying available groundwater can be a perilous undertaking.

Some of the most common misconceptions by the public are of groundwater being a great dimensionless underground ocean or like a river moving underground at the same quantity and velocity as rivers on the surface.

Gil Van Deventer, PG, a project manager and senior hydrogeologist with Trident Environmental of Midland, Texas, knows groundwater hydrology is only one component in a much larger context.

Perhaps the most important concept to understanding basic groundwater hydrology is how and where it fits in the hydrologic cycle. In that context, and as our reliance on groundwater resources becomes increasingly necessary, it is important

Raymond L. Straub Jr., PG, is the president of Straub Corp. in Stanton, Texas, a Texas-registered geoscience firm and specialized groundwater services firm. He is a Texas-licensed professional geoscientist and holds master driller licenses in Texas and New Mexico and a master pump installer license in Texas. He can be reached at raymond@straubcorporation.com.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

to understand groundwater’s role in water balance equations, or water budgeting calculations. It is important to have some understanding of inflow (recharge) and how it balances with outflow (discharge), so that we can at least conceptualize how much water is available for sustainable development.

So let’s discuss the basics of groundwater hydrology to help promote understanding and provide language for dialogue between groundwater professionals and the public.

Groundwater hydrology is the study of the movement, occurrence, and quality of water beneath the ground surface.

Groundwater movement for the most part remains hidden except where it is intersected in mines and caves (Heath 1983).

One of the great groundwater pioneers was Henry Darcy, a French engineer who in 1856 revealed his equation for the discharge of groundwater through a porous medium (Heath 1983).

This concept is known as Darcy’s law.

Michael Kasenow, Ph.D., aptly explains this concept in his technical manual Aquifer Test Data: Analysis and Evaluation.

The discharge of groundwater through a porous medium is proportional to the product of hydraulic conductivity, cross-sectional area of flow and the change in water level (head) over a distance, and is inversely proportional to that distance.

An example of groundwater in caverns underground at Carlsbad Caverns National Park in Carlsbad, New Mexico.

Photo by Raymond Straub Darcy’s law: Q = –KA (hi – hf) / L = –KAΔh / L = –KAi where: Q = Discharge of water K = Hydraulic conductivity A = Cross-sectional area of flow hi = Initial height of water in well up gradient hf = Final measured height of water in well down gradient ∆h = Head loss L = Distance between hi and hf i = Hydraulic gradient The negative sign indicated flow is in the direction of decreasing hydraulic head.

Darcy’s law was a major step forward in the understanding of groundwater movement. His concept required the quantification of a key factor, hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic conductivity, also known as coefficient of permeability, is the rate at which a geologic material can transmit a liquid under a hydraulic gradient (Kasenow 2006).

Hydraulic conductivity is often compared to electricity flowing through a conductor; the better the conductor, the higher the flow rate of electricity.

Therefore, sand and gravel would have

FIELD NOTES/continues on page 34

Water Well Journal November 2013 33/

Hydraulic conductivity of selected rocks

FIELD NOTES/from page 33

a higher conductivity in comparison to clay or silt (Kasenow 2006).

Hydraulic conductivity is commonly expressed as the volume of water (Q) that will move in a unit of time (per day) under a unit hydraulic gradient (m/m) through a unit area (m2) (Heath 1983). The most common expressions for hydraulic conductivity are in meters per day (m/d), feet per day (ft/d) or gallons per day per square foot (gpd/ft2).

The equation for hydraulic conductivity is expressed in the following (Kasenow 2006): QL Q K= = (A Δh) Ai where: Q = Discharge of water K = Hydraulic conductivity A = Cross-sectional area of flow ∆h = Head loss L = Distance between which ∆h is measured i = Slope of potentiometric surface

In order to quantify hydraulic conductivity, the nature of the geologic material must be understood. Many factors influence the movement of water 34/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

through a medium. Some of the primary factors are porosity, specific yield, specific retention, storage coefficient, and hydraulic gradient.

Porosity is understood as the void space or nonsolid component in a geologic material. Porosity can be further categorized into primary porosity and secondary porosity. Primary porosity is the nonsolid area in a geologic material after deposition. Secondary porosity is the void space that is created in a geologic material after lithification or rock forming (Weight 2008).

For water to transmit through the pore space within a geologic material, those pores must be interconnected.

Effective porosity is the percentage of interconnection between those pore spaces and is less than the total porosity (Sterrett 2007). An example of primary porosity is void space between sand grains in an alluvial aquifer and an example of secondary porosity is a fracture system within a limestone aquifer.

Porosity is an important factor in understanding hydraulic conductivity because it refers to the maximum amount of water storage a geologic material can contain when saturated. The ability to

release that water from storage under the influence of gravity is called specific yield and the amount retained as a film within the pore space in referred to as specific retention (Heath 1983).

The relationship between yield and retention is directly proportionate to the average grain size of the geologic material. The smaller the grain size, the more retention; and the larger more coarse grained the material, the higher specific yield in relation to porosity (Sterrett 2007).

The movement of water through a porous medium is susceptible to the makeup of that medium. A large portion of groundwater flow calculations are based on the concept of an aquifer being made up of a uniform medium with uniform flow characteristics, or homogeneous and isotropic. A homogenous aquifer consists of the same type of geologic material throughout its entire thickness. An isotropic aquifer is comprised of the same flow characteristics in all directions from any point within the aquifer (Kasenow 2006). Unfortunately, in reality we rarely see this arrangement.

Most aquifers are comprised of heterogeneous material and anisotropic flow characteristics and are considered the rule and not the exception. A heterogeneous aquifer is made up of different type and sized geologic material throughout the aquifer thickness. An anisotropic aquifer has a higher ratio of flow in a specific direction as opposed to a uniform flow in all directions (Kasenow 2006).

The storage coefficient is represented as a dimensionless numerical value assigned to an aquifer that represents the volume of water an aquifer releases or takes into storage per unit of surface area of an aquifer per unit change in head (Heath 1983). In an unconfined aquifer, the greatest amount of water is contributed from gravity drainage of the aquifer material. As a result of drainage, there is a decline in the water table and the storage coefficient is relatively equal to the specific yield (Heath 1983).

In confined aquifers, the storage coefficient is much lower than in unconfined aquifers. When water is withdrawn from storage in a confined aquifer, it is from the release of compression of the aquifer and the expansion of water during pumping. Typical waterwelljournal.com

Example of grain size of a conglomerate within the Trujillo Formation, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Canyon, Texas. Photo by Raymond Straub

for storage coefficients, values for unconfined aquifers range from 0.01 to 0.30 and for confined aquifers range from 10-5 to 10-3 (Sterrett 2007).

Groundwater movement occurs from areas of higher head to areas of lower head. The difference between these areas is considered the hydraulic gradient and is the difference in hydraulic head between two points divided by their distance (Sterrett 2007). Groundwater movement is in the direction of decreasing total head (Heath 1983).

Willis D. Weight, Ph.D., PE, helps clarify hydraulic gradient by stating: The slope of the hydraulic gradient is proportional to the hydraulic conductivity. The lower the hydraulic conductivity, the greater the slope of the hydraulic gradient.

The zone in an aquifer that represents the thickness of saturated material between the water table and the base of the aquifer in an unconfined aquifer and the thickness of the area between confining layers in a confined aquifer is known as the saturated thickness (Weight 2008).

In considering saturated thickness, it is important to consider changes in effective porosity within the saturated material in the aquifer.

As was defined earlier, hydraulic conductivity is the rate at which a geologic material can transmit a liquid under a hydraulic gradient. It can also be expressed as the rate at which a geologic material can transmit a liquid through a unit cube under a hydraulic gradient. This unit is normally expressed as a cubic meter (1 m3) or as a cubic foot (1 ft3). Therefore, it is expressed in cubic dimensions and it is considered three-dimensional flow (Kasenow 2006).

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In order to express the ability of an aquifer to transmit groundwater, the entire saturated thickness must be considered. Transmissivity is the rate at which a geologic material transmits groundwater through a unit prism. The top and bottom of the prism represents the upper and lower extent of the geologic material.

Since transmissivity considers the full extent of the upper and lower boundaries of the aquifer, the third dimension of flow is removed and flow only occurs in two dimensions (Kasenow 2006).

Transmissivity can be expressed from Darcy’s law: T=

QL

WΔh

= Kb

where: T = Transmissivity b = Aquifer thickness W = Unit width of aquifer (Kasenow 2006)

A water budget is a quantitative approach to account for all the inputs and outputs of a hydrologic system (Weight 2008). The key factors in a water budget are recharge or input, discharge or output, and storage. C.V. Theis wrote in 1957: Under natural conditions, therefore, previous to development by wells, aquifers are in a state of approximate dynamic equilibrium.

Discharge by wells is thus a new discharge superimposed upon a previously stable system, and it must be balanced by an increase in the recharge of the aquifer, or by a decrease in the old natural discharge, or by loss of storage in the aquifer, or by a combination of these.

The overarching requirement of any hydrological system is a persistent recharge. In an interview with Roger W. Lee, Ph.D., an environmental scientist with Sims Associates LLC, he stated: Based on my 40 years in hydrogeology and geochemistry, and acknowledging the importance of gravity (water flows downhill), I believe the most important concept to understanding groundwater hydrology is groundwater recharge. There are many factors affecting groundwater recharge ranging from recharge from surface-water bodies, variations in recharge based on seasonal precipitation and infiltration, pre-existing conditions prior to recharge.

The ability of a groundwater hydrologic system to discharge water is a function of the system’s recharge, storage, and hydraulic conductivity. As water resources become more stressed and we increase our use of groundwater resources, it will become even more necessary for groundwater professionals to help the public understand the basics of groundwater hydrology.

As groundwater professionals, we can help further the dialogue within our areas of expertise to our communities, politicians, and lawmakers so that they can make informed decisions on groundwater-related issues as they relate to public policies. WWJ

References

Heath, Ralph C. 1983. Basic Ground-Water Hydrology. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2220, Reston, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey.

Sterrett, Robert. 2007. Groundwater and Wells, 3rd Edition. New Brighton, Minnesota: Johnson Screens, a Weatherford Company.

Kasenow, Michael. 2006. Aquifer Test Data: Analysis and Evalution. Highland Ranch, Colorado: Water Resources Publications LLC. Lee, Roger W. Personal interview by the author. August 25, 2013.

Theis, C.V. 1957. Ground Water Notes No. 34—The Source of Water Derived from Wells. Washington D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Ground Water Branch.

Van Deventer, Gil. Personal interview by the author. September 3, 2013.

Weight, Willis D. 2008. Hydrogeology Field Manual, Second Edition. New York, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.

Water Well Journal November 2013 35/

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Expo at a Glance Franklin Electric is the official sponsor of the Attendee Welcome Party.

Nashville Honky-Tonkin’!

Tuesday, December 3 6–11 p.m.

It’s Almost Expo Time! he 2013 National Ground Water Association® Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting will take place December 3-6 in Nashville, Tennessee. In attendance will be groundwater professionals from all sectors of the industry—water well contractors, scientists and engineers, manufacturers, and suppliers—from every state and all around the world.

There will be educational opportunities, networking events, and an exhibit hall packed with the latest wares from the manufacturers and suppliers. There are several first-time features and an assortment of entertainment opportunities this year too. Here’s is a quick glance at just some of the happenings. Register today if you have not already done so.

Go to groundwaterexpo.com or call NGWA at (800) 551-7379.

T

First-Timers and New Members Meet-and-Greet Tuesday, December 3 1–2 p.m.

If this is your first time at the Expo or you are new to NGWA—or simply want the insider’s scoop on this year’s event or to meet up with fellow groundwater industry professionals—attend this welcome and orientation session to discover how to make the most of both your Expo experience and your NGWA membership.

Attendee Welcome Party Tuesday, December 3 5–6:30 p.m.

Experience the honky-tonks of Nashville like a country music star!

Starting at 6 p.m. from the Music City Center, custom coaches will circulate through the downtown between the Expo hotels, stopping at various hotspots of the city, about every 20 to 30 minutes. You are free to get off at any stop to visit the surrounding establishments on your own and then hop aboard another coach when you are ready to move on to the next stop or head back to your hotel.

(Preregistration is required. The cost on or before November 8 is $30 for NGWA members and $40 for nonmembers; thereafter, the cost is $40 for members and $50 for nonmembers.)

NGWA Divisional Membership Meetings All of NGWA’s divisional membership meetings take place on Wednesday morning. Please check the program for room locations.

Contractors Division— Wednesday, December 4, 7:30–8:30 a.m.

Scientists and Engineers Division— Wednesday, December 4, 7:30–8:30 a.m.

Manufacturers Division— Wednesday, December 4, 8:30–9:30 a.m.

Suppliers Division— Wednesday, December 4, 8:30–9:30 a.m.

Opening Ceremony and Awards Presentations Meet up with old friends and make new ones during this annual crowdpleaser. Plus, it’s a great way to unwind after a full day of educational offerings.

Wednesday, December 4 10 a.m.–12 p.m.

The opening session is taking on a new look, feel, and agenda this year!

First, the groundwater industry’s best and brightest will be honored during the

EXPO AT A GLANCE /continues on page 38 Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal November 2013 37/

EXPO AT A GLANCE /from page 37 presentation of the 2013 NGWA awards.

Next, discover inspiration from brief, but informative, H2O Talks from two guest speakers. H20—Health . . .

Humanitarian . . . Opportunities.

“Hydrophilanthropy: What Can You Do?” is the title of the presentation from Michael E. Campana, Ph.D., of Oregon State University. Hydrophilanthropy refers to the practice of providing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) access to those who struggle to achieve these benefits which those in the developed world often take for granted. When you realize what the term means you may think, “Not much I can do, except maybe write a check.”

But there is more you can do. Campana, a 40-year NGWA member and founder and president of the Ann Campana Judge Foundation, a hydrophilanthropy he established in 2002 in memory of his younger sister, shows you what others like you are doing to bring safe water to the world’s forgotten people.

The second presentation is from Thom Hanna, RPG, of Johnson Screens and titled “Exploring the Adaptive Sports for the Disabled on the Ski Slopes and Outdoors.” Hanna, an active member of the 29-year-old Adaptive Sports Association (ASA) and a longtime NGWA member, pursues his passion to help those with disabilities enjoy skiing and other outdoor sports. Through his involvement with ASA, he is able to work with students to overcome physical and cognitive challenges in a supportive environment.

Through the years ASA has grown to encompass additional activities including rafting, kayaking, rock climbing, canoeing, bicycling, and overnight camping.

Last, but not least, sit back, relax, and enjoy a concert by the hit country music duo Sweethearts of the Rodeo, 38/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

who will perform an exclusive concert.

The group is back with its first album since 1996.

A.O. Smith Water Systems is the official sponsor of the Opening Ceremony and Awards Presentations.

2013 NGWREF Darcy Lecture Farewell Presentation Wednesday, December 4 1:30–3 p.m.

Gain insight from David L. Rudolph, Ph.D., PE, on how the nature of groundwater quality— and subsequently private and municipal well systems—has been impacted from agricultural land-use practices, at both local and regional scales, during the presentation titled “Managing Groundwater Beneath the Agricultural Landscape.” You will also learn what is being done about this particular problem through the use of beneficial management practices that are being implemented worldwide.

Exhibit Hall

Shakti Pumps USA LLC is the official sponsor of the exhibit hall aisle banner signage.

Before you head to the hall, make sure to grab a program and have a bag for all of your take-home materials. You can get both at the on-site registration area.

Baroid Industrial Drilling Products is the official sponsor of the on-site registration area.

Xylem is the official sponsor of the on-site Expo program.

Test Your Skills!

Wednesday, December 4, 2–4 p.m.

Thursday, December 5, 11 a.m.–3 p.m.

New at the 2013 Expo will be an area located on the exhibit hall floor featuring various short instructional activities with some time for hands-on mastery.

Activities will be scheduled in 30minute increments and include such tasks as: • Properly using VFD meters • Installing an 8-inch well cap • Proper installation of wire line caps • Using resistivity tools.

2014 NGWREF McEllhiney Lecture Kickoff Presentation Wednesday, December 4 3:30–5 p.m.

The Exhibit Hall will be packed with the latest products from the groundwater industry’s manufacturers and suppliers on thousands of feet of exhibit space.

Make sure to leave plenty of time to be in the hall during the 12 hours it is open.

Exhibit Hall hours: ●

●

Wednesday, December 4 12–6 p.m.

Thursday, December 5 10 a.m.–4 p.m.

Whether you’re a water well contractor, groundwater scientist, an environmental engineer, or a student, discover how you can use spreadsheets— in simple form without any programming or complex mathematics—to solve a wide range of groundwater problems. In this presentation from Carlos Molano, PE, titled “Groundwater Spreadsheets: Efficient and Practical Resource for Solving Simple and Complex Flow, waterwelljournal.com

Pollution, and Environmental Problems,” you will learn how to apply “classic” hydrogeology concepts to “modern” hydrogeology concepts such as climate change, sustainability, and remediation.

●

Thursday, December 5 6:30–8:15 a.m.

A.O. Smith Water Systems is the official sponsor of the Delegates Meeting.

Expo 2014 Kickoff The McEllhiney Lecture Series is underwritten by Franklin Electric

2013 NGWREF Fundraising Auction Wednesday, December 4 6–7:30 p.m.

You can make a difference! Proceeds from this annual auction help to support the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation, a charitable organization focused on conducting educational, research, and other activities related to a broader public understanding of groundwater. The auction begins immediately following the close of the exhibit hall on Wednesday.

MGWCs Breakfast Thursday, December 5 7–8 a.m.

The Master Groundwater Contractors Breakfast is an ideal way for MGWCs to visit with old friends as well as greet the newest entrants into the ranks of the green jackets.

(This is open only to MGWCs and their spouses. Ticket required. The per person cost on or before November 8 is $35; the cost thereafter is $55.)

Delegates Meeting Thursday, December 5, 8:30–10 a.m.

Come meet this year’s board candidates. And, if you’ve been chosen as a delegate, make sure your vote gets counted.

Note that you must register on-site at the Delegates Registration Desk and pick up the appropriate credentials at least 15 minutes prior to the start of the meeting. Delegate registration hours are: ● Tuesday, December 3 11:30 a.m.–4 p.m. ● Wednesday, December 4 12–5 p.m.

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Thursday, December 5, 3–4 p.m.

What better time to get ready for next year’s Expo? Held in the exhibit hall, there will be entertainment from the hit country music group The Bellamy Brothers and refreshments. Since their first single—“Let Your Love Flow”— became an instant hit, The Bellamy Brothers have lined their walls with platinum and gold hits.

Plus there is a chance to win an allexpense-paid trip to the 2014 Expo taking place December 9-12 in Las Vegas!

(Good toward airfare, hotel, and Expo registration fee for one person. Value capped at $1000.)

main dam and anchor into competent rock.

(Participation is limited to 40; registrations will be processed on a first come, first served basis. The cost is $65. As this is a federal project, you must preregister by November 8. U.S. citizens will be required to provide full names and SSN or driver’s license number.

Foreign nationals will be required to provide full names and complete passport information.)

Groundwater TV Live!

Stop by the Groundwater TV stage— located adjacent to the Expo Welcome Center—to watch the taping of live interviews with various groundwater industry personnel. The interviews will take place at the bottom of every hour during the course of Expo

New Products Showcase Open throughout Expo and conveniently located adjacent to the Expo Welcome Center, the New Products Showcase allows you to get a sneak peek at the latest in products, services, and technology from select exhibitors.

MudPuppy International is the official sponsor of the New Products Showcase.

Exhibit Hall Field Trips

Western Rubber & Mfg. is the official sponsor of the Expo 2014 Kickoff.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Tour: Center Hill Dam Safety Rehabilitation Project Friday, December 6 8 a.m.–1 p.m.

The Center Hill project was designed and built in the 1940s providing flooddamage reduction, hydropower, and water quality. Since construction, foundation seepage problems have cost millions of dollars. The Nashville District obtained approval in late 2006 to begin a major rehabilitation of the foundation, which includes pumping grout into the foundation, as well as a modern concrete barrier wall. The current construction effort will install a barrier wall through the earthen embankment of the

Do you want to know more about a groundwater industry segment, but are hesitant to ask? Do you have some familiarity with a particular topic, but little direct experience? Fill in this knowledge gap with this new feature.

NGWA is organizing a limited number of exhibit hall “field trips” for those who want to learn more about three categories: • Grouting and drilling fluids • Instruments and sensors • Water treatment.

Groups will be limited to eight people per trip and should take about an hour for the background presentation and visit to participating product exhibitors. Excursions will be scheduled during exhibit hall hours.

(There is no cost to participate, but you must indicate your interest by November 8. If there is sufficient interest, NGWA will notify you after November 11 of the

EXPO AT A GLANCE /continues on page 40 Water Well Journal November 2013 39/

EXPO AT A GLANCE /from page 39 day, time, and meeting place. Field trips cannot be organized on-site.)

NGWA Bookstore The NGWA Bookstore is where you can get the latest books, DVDs, and information products from the groundwater industry. The bookstore will be open during all show hours and is located in the lobby of the convention center.

Complimentary Shuttle Transportation For your added convenience, complimentary shuttle service between the conference hotels and the convention center will be available during the Expo hours.

Jet-Lube is the official sponsor of the Groundwater Expo shuttle service.

Supplier Incentive Program Participants The Supplier Incentive Program, a collaborative effort between NGWA and its supplier members, allows suppliers to register their customers for the NGWA Groundwater Expo at a reduced rate, providing a cost-effective opportunity for suppliers to share the benefits of attending the Expo while showing appreciation for their customers’ loyal business. NGWA thanks the 2013 supplier participants: 2M Co. Acker Drill Co. Austin Pump & Supply Co. Burdick & Burdick Drillers Service Inc. Fletcher Pump Distributing Fuller Supply Co. Ground Water Systems Johnston Supply Inc. M.H. Pump & Supply Milan Supply Co. National Well Supplies Northwest Pipe Fittings Preferred Pump & Equipment LP Premier Pump & Supply Warren Pump & Supply Water Works

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SEMCO INC. P.O. Box 1216

●

7595 U.S. Hwy 50

●

Lamar, Colorado 81052

800-541-1562 719-336-9006

●

Fax 719-336-2402 ● semcopumphoist@yahoo.com www.SEMCOoflamar.com

S25,000 SEMCO Pump Hoist, 48⬘ Derrick, 84⬙ Wide Derrick Conversion, Air Shift PTO-Direct Mount Pump, Hydro Breakout Cylinder w/Valve, Behind the Cab Outriggers, 2 Speed Winch w/Grooved Drum, 2000⬘ Cap. Sandreel, Air Brake for Sandreel, 2-Auxiliary Hydro Valves, 50T Four Line Block w/Safety Bearing Hook, Hydraulic Oil Cooler, Factory Mounting w/Hydraulic Oil, Painted Blue and White, Light Kit for Mast, Power to Rear, 22⬘ Steel Flatbed, 2-96⬙ Toolboxes, Mounted on Customer’s Freightliner Truck Foremost Pump P.O. Box 3111 Union Gap, WA 98903

SEMCO HYDRORENCH

Excellent for breaking pipe, shaft, and tubing on turbine pumps.

Adjustable Torque, 4-Serrated Rollers w/Clean Out Slots, Hydraulic Operated w/High Torque Charlynn Motors Model#

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Description

S110H

1-10⬙

Hydraulic

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See Our Classified Ads on Pages 79, 81, 84, and 86.

2013 Groundwater Expo Exhibitors ere is a listing of the companies that will be in the Exhibit Hall at the 2013 Groundwater Expo December 3-6 in Nashville, Tennessee.

The list is as of September 30, 2013.

H

A.O. Smith Water Systems A.Y. McDonald Mfg. Co. AA Rotating Apparatus Corp.

Aardvark Packers LLC ABB Inc. Acker Drill Co. Advance E & I Systems Inc. Allegheny Instruments Inc. Alloy Screen Works Alstra Industries Altaflo Alturnamats Inc. Amarillo Gear Co. American Granby Inc. American West Windmill & Solar American-Marsh Pumps Amiad Water Systems AMS Inc.

leave the

SAND

Amtrol Inc. Analytical Technology Inc. Anderson Metals Corp. Inc. Applied Research Associates, Vertek Division AquaLocate Aries Industries Inc. Armored Textiles Inc. Armstrong Machine Co. Inc. Atlas Copco B & D Mfg. Inc. Baker Products Ltd. Baker Water Systems Baroid Industrial Drilling Products Baski Inc. Ben Meadows Better Water Industries Inc. Bigfoot Manufacturing Co. Bilfinger Water Technologies/ Johnson Screens Bit Brokers International Boshart Industries

British Columbia Ground Water Association C.R.I. Pumps (Pvt) Ltd. Cadman Power Equipment Ltd. Campbell Scientific Centennial Plastics Inc. Center Rock Inc. Centerline Manufacturing Central Mine Equipment Co. Central Water Pump Inc. Century CETCO Charger Water Treatment Products ChemGrout Inc. Cotey Chemical Corp.

Cresline Plastic Pipe Co. Inc. CSI Water Custom Pipe & Coupling DAB Pumps Danfoss Drives

EXHIBITORS/continues on page 44

Extend pump life.

Reduce energy costs.

We still manufacture and stock DeepRock style equipment from swivels to drillpipe.

at the

BEACH. not in your

PUMP. The SUB-K submersible pump protection separator for residential wells by Separators and Filtration Solutions

www.lakos.com 42/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

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EXHIBITORS/from page 42 Delta Screens Design Water Technologies Di-Corp Drilling Depot Diedrich Drill Inc. Drill King International Drill Pipe Inc. DrillingWorld Drillmax DuraTrac Products Dynamic Supply Ltd. Dynotek LLC East West Machinery & Drilling Eastern Driller Manufacturing Co. Inc. ECT Manufacturing Inc. Emco Wheaton Retail Enid Drill Systems Inc. Eno Scientific LLC Environmental Manufacturing Inc. Environmental Service Products Errickson Equipment Fecon Flatwater Fleet Flexcon Industries

Flint & Walling Inc./Wolf Pumps Flomatic Corp.

Flow Center Products Flowserve Flying W Plastics Inc. Foremost Industries Forestry Suppliers Inc. Franklin Electric

Global Water Instrumentation – A Xylem Brand Goulds Water Technology, Xylem GP Fiberglass Greenway Water Technologies Group Transportation Services Grundfos Gus Pech Mfg. Co. Inc.

Gearhart Companies Inc. GEFCO Inc. General Pump GenPro Energy Solutions GEO – Geothermal Exchange Organization Geo-Air Industries Inc. Geo-Loop Inc. GeoPro Inc. Geoprobe Systems Georocfor Inc. Geotech Environmental Equipment Inc. Geothermal Supply Co. Getec Inc. Gicon Pumps & Equipment Givens International Drilling Supplies Inc.

H2Optimal Inc. Hach Hydromet Hague Quality Water Hanna Instruments Harwil Corp.

Heller-Aller Pumps Higgins Rig Co. Hitachi America Ltd. Hoeptner Perfected Products Hole Products Hose Solutions Hunke Manufacturing Hydro Resources Hydroflo Pumps USA Inc.

Congratulations to the 2013 NGWA award winners!

Ideal Clamp Products Inc. Industrial Test Systems Inc. Infinity Tool Manufacturing

NGWA Awards of Excellence t Ross L. Oliver — Ronald B. Peterson t M. King Hubbert — Chunmiao Zheng, Ph.D. t Robert Storm — Arthur E. Becker, MGWC, CPG t Life Members — Gregory D. Buffington, PE, Leonard Konikow, Ph.D., and Evan Nyer t Individual Safety Advocate — Steve Maslansky t Technology — Michael Gefell t Special Recognition — Wes McCall t Groundwater Protector — U.S. Senator Bernard Sanders (I-Vermont) t Standard Bearer — Carl Lee

Outstanding Groundwater Project Awards t Groundwater Supply — City of Phoenix t Groundwater Protection — ARCADIS t Groundwater Remediation — ARCADIS

NGWA Divisional Awards

NGWA awards honor the best of the best and cover all sectors of the groundwater industry. ®

44/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

t John Hem Award for Excellence in Science & Engineering — John Selker, Ph.D., and Scott Tyler, Ph.D. t Keith E. Anderson Award (scientists/engineers division) — Brent Murray, PG t Manufacturers Division Special Recognition Award — Mike Benet t Supplier of the Year Award — Jim Paulhus

Visit www.NGWA.org/Awards for more information on the NGWA awards program and winners.

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In-Situ Inc. International Ground Source Heat Pump Association International Pipe Inc. ISCO Industries Jet-Lube Inc. K&K Supply Kalas Keller America Inc. Kemtron Technologies Inc. KPSI/Measurement Specialties Inc. KS Bit Inc. kwik-ZIP L.B. Foster Co. Laibe Corp./Versa-Drill LAKOS Separators and Filtration Solutions Laval Underground Surveys LLC Liberty Process Equipment M. Augustyn Inc. Maass Midwest Marathon Solutions Inc. MARL Technologies Inc. Maxidrill Inc. Merrill Manufacturing Co.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

M-I SWACO Mid-America Pump & Supply Mills Machine Co. Milspec Industries Mincon Mitchell Lewis & Staver Mitsubishi Materials USA Corp.

Mobile Drill International Morris Industries Inc. Motor Controls Inc. Mount Sopris Instruments Mud Technology MudPuppy Intl/Tibban Mfg. Inc. Myron L Co. National Driller National Ground Water Insurance Agency National Oilwell Varco National Pump Co. NBB Controls Inc. North Carolina Well Contractors Certification NGWA Publications NGWA Test Your Skills Nidec Motor Corp.

Noland Drilling Equipment North American Electric Inc. North American Specialty Products

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Northwest Flattanks Novatek, A WaterGroup Company Numa Oakmont Capital Services LLC Oil Center Research LLC Onset Orenco Systems Inc. Paige Electric Co. LP Palmer Bit Co. PDSCo Inc. Pentair Flow Technologies Phase Technologies Premier Silica Probe-Lease Proheat Pulsafeeder Inc. Pulstar Manufacturing QSP Packers LLC Qwater Well Developer Red Flint Sand & Gravel LLC Redi Clean Regency Wire REICHdrill Inc.

EXHIBITORS/continues on page 46

Water Well Journal November 2013 45/

EXHIBITORS/from page 45 Robbco Pumps Rockmore International Inc. Rock-Tech International Rose-Wall Manufacturing Inc. Round Ground Metals Rusco Inc. Schlumberger Water Services Schneider Electric Schramm Inc. Scorpion Oil Tools Inc. SEMCO Inc. Service Wire Co. Shakti Pumps USA LLC Sigmund Lindner GmbH Silver-Line Plastics SIMCO Drilling Equipment Inc. Simmons Manufacturing Co. SJE-Rhombus SME-USA Inc. SMP Pumps LLC Snyder Industries Inc. Solar Power & Pump Co. Solinst Canada Ltd. Sonic Drill Corp.

SonicSampDrill South Atlantic Well Drillers Jubilee Southwire Co. Stairs Industrial Co. Ltd. Star Iron Works Inc. Stenner Pump Co. Sterling Water Treatment Submersibles and Electric Inc. Sumoto Srl TAM International Inc. Teco-Westinghouse Terramac Thompson International Throop Rock Bit Titan Industries Inc. TMS Levelcom TWG Canada Unimin Corp.

Unitra Inc. Uponor Infra Ltd. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers USABlueBook Vansan Water Technologies Victory Steel Products Corp.

Viqua – A Trojan Technologies Company Water For Life International Water Quality Association Water-Right WaterSoft Weber Industries Inc. (Webtrol Pumps) Well Pumps S.A. WellMagic Wellmaster Pipe and Supply Inc. WellMate and American Plumber

by Pentair Well-Vu Western Drilling Tools Inc. Western Rubber & Manufacturing Wilo USA LLC WLS Drilling Products Woodford Manufacturing Wolf Pumps/Flint & Walling Worldwide Drilling Resource Inc. Wyo-Ben Inc. Yaskawa America Inc. Zilmet USA Zonge International Inc.

GeoVISION Borehole Cameras TM

By Marks Products Inc. www.geovision.org For a free DVD, call (800) 255-1353 or e-mail jeff@geovision.org

●

●

Some features of the GeoVISIONTM Deluxe System: ● Excellent video from places that no other systems will work. ● Five cable lengths for video inspection to 2000 feet underwater. ● Six interchangeable camera heads for use in bores from 1 inch to many feet in diameter. ● Motorized pan-tilt for use in mines and wells over 4 inches in diameter.

Dual Scan micro camera for easy switching between down and side views All GeoVISIONTM systems come with excellent support, practical advice, and repair service.

46/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

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By Jack Glass, MS, CIH

Wellness Programs: A Bargain at Any Cost The smallest employers can have outstanding wellness programs. f you’re like most small businesses, you might feel as though a wellness program for employees is something only mega-corporations can offer. In reality, wellness programs can take many forms, and can range in cost from absolutely nothing to hundreds of dollars per employee.

But one thing is for certain. They all end up saving the employer money in the long run. In fact, a recent study has shown the average return on investment for wellness programs is $5.81 to every $1.00 invested.

With this in mind, even the smallest of employers can have a truly outstanding wellness program.

Wellness programs can take various forms. A program can incorporate one, several, or all of the following wellness components.

I

Office Design

Wellness is not simply about physical conditioning.

Employee wellness should be both physical and mental.

These considerations can reduce eyestrain, headaches, carpal tunnel syndrome, and neck strain.

Selecting ergonomically designed furniture has been shown to relieve stress and strain in many employees with pre-existing issues such as sciatica, shoulder pain and neck pain, and weak abdominal muscles.

Housekeeping Thorough and effective cleaning will prevent the accumulation of odors, mold, and mildew. Cleaning will also help prevent the spread of common infections, colds, and diseases. Using a low toxicity anti-microbial cleaner can enhance the “green” environment of the office.

A well thought out, ergonomically designed office doesn’t need to cost any more than a haphazardly designed office.

Simply considering traffic patterns, placement of computer screens and telephones, and adequate working space can have great impact on employee comfort.

Fitness and Exercise

Jack Glass, MS, CIH, is the principal consultant for J Tyler Scientific Co. and has more than 20 years of experience as an environmental health consultant. He has consulted on toxic exposures, risk management, and indoor air quality. In addition, he has provided litigation support in several areas including mold, asbestos, indoor air quality, and confined space entry.

This initiative is usually the first one most employers consider when developing a wellness program. It is certainly the most visual aspect of a company’s program. In order for a healthy fitness and exercise program to be effective, it will take commitment and endorsement on the part of management.

A fitness and exercise program can cost zero—such as promoting a one-

48/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

million-step lunch club, or a coffee break office lap—or can incorporate an in-house, fully staffed fitness center. In reality, there is little evidence to show that greater expense actually leads to greater health. Simply having a corporate environment that encourages exercise is the most important step in any fitness environment.

Other tips to enhance employee fitness include encouraging a one flight up, two flights down walking policy if your building has a stairwell, and providing door bins so employees walk and deposit messages as an alternative to sending internal e-mails.

In fact, the possibilities and ideas are only limited by the company’s creativity. Also, keep in mind many public fitness centers offer significant discounts for group or corporate memberships.

Nutrition Recently, the media and various public figures have been directing attention towards America’s addiction to fast foods, sugary drinks, and countless other poor food choices.

If a company has an in-house cafeteria, the chef can be instructed to provide healthy alternatives during every meal period. General Electric, for instance, developed a lunch program where each meal choice earns a chip based on its nutritional quality. The healthier the selection, the higher the value of the chip.

This encouraged healthier eating by allowing the employees to save more money.

Another client installed an outdoor eating area surrounded by a covered waterwelljournal.com

walkway that encouraged walking and discussion during meals, even in nasty weather.

Make nutritional information available in the company lunchroom. Many Web sites and food distributors provide free posters listing nutritional content and encouraging food-healthy choices.

on their co-workers due to the elimination of secondhand smoke.

Nearly every state, the American Cancer Society, the American Lung Association, and even cigarette manufacturers provide an enormous amount of information and tools an employer can use to create and enforce a smoking policy in their particular situation.

Weight Loss This can be a touchy subject. While it is always good to encourage healthy weight management and a healthy body mass, everyone’s body is unique. What may be a comfortable muscle fat ratio for some may not be for others. Unless you are specially trained or an expert on this topic, you should avoid making specific suggestions and comments to any individual.

It is important not to create an uncomfortable environment for any employees. All the same, this doesn’t preclude an employer from making available weight loss opportunities to the entire staff. For instance, if enough employee interest can be demonstrated, Weight Watchers will bring weekly meetings onsite to offices. Also, local and county departments of health may be able to provide a multitude of free or low-cost weight loss incentives, programs, or advice.

Counseling Wellness is not simply about physical conditioning. Employee wellness should be both physical and mental.

Many health insurance programs provide behavioral and mental health counseling. And these mental health counselors can further direct employees to other specific counseling resources such as Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, suicide hotlines, and even lactation counseling for breastfeeding support and education.

Smoking Cessation Although the U.S. continues impressive declines in the number of smokers, this group still accounts for close to 20% of adults who are 18 and over. At the same time, a little over 20% of the population are former smokers. Assisting smokers in giving up this habit will have an immediate impact on their wellness and might have a long-term impact Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Vaccinations Although there are some groups and public figures that deny the validity of vaccinations, the scientific and medical communities are consistent in their recommendation for the widespread use of vaccinations.

Larger employers may be able to host a seasonal flu vaccine clinic in their offices. Smaller companies can encourage their workers to take advantage of free clinics provided by state and local governments and some pharmacies. The only cost to the employer in promoting attendance at free vaccine clinics is providing the opportunity for employees to attend to get their shots.

For each employee vaccinated, that person’s ability to contract an illness has been eliminated and has also reduced that person’s potential to spread the illness to others who haven’t been vaccinated. Immunity can occur with as little as a 20% vaccination rate. This means the population has significantly reduced its chances of a widespread epidemic.

Physicals No one should undertake a new physical routine or make drastic changes to their lifestyle without first seeking the advice of a qualified medical professional.

Providing for, or encouraging, the entire staff to get a general physical promotes their ability to make good decisions about their health and wellness and may also provide early detection of a previously unknown condition. These physicals can be provided under the employee’s own medical insurance at an occupational medicine clinic or even at a mobile clinic that comes right to the company’s doorstep.

Investing in these physicals is a surefire way to show the staff their employer truly cares about their well-being and wants to encourage improvement.

Healthy Habits There’s a reason why the habit of hand washing starts to be drilled into youngsters in preschool. It’s the easiest and one of the most effective ways there is to prevent the spread of communicable illnesses.

Outdoor work site crews should always have clean water, soap, and towels they can use to wash up following dirty tasks, prior to eating and drinking, and after using the restroom.

This simple step will go a long way to reducing illness as well as reducing exposure to hazardous substances.

Indoor Air Quality Our environment is key to our wellbeing.

For example, changing filters on the HVAC system and inspecting the operation of dampers, motors, and fans helps to ensure employees are working in a safe and healthful atmosphere and can provide a good base to launching a new employee wellness program.

Coaching We’re not talking here about the grizzled football coach screaming at you to push harder.

Coaching includes providing information to make good choices, instructing how to use fitness equipment, and giving advice on how to create and maintain a healthy diet. Coaching can also incorporate the traditional fitness coach who pushes someone to reach their next milestone.

Do not underestimate the value of management’s leadership by example.

Whether a company has 12 or 1200 employees, seeing and knowing their managers, supervisors, and owners are actively participating in the company’s wellness program is the most effective coaching of all. WWJ

Have Detailed Tailgate Talks Discussions on safety are easy with Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry. With the set of 52 sheets, you can have weekly safety meetings on different industry-specific topics.

Go to www.NGWA.org and the Online Bookstore to get your copy.

Water Well Journal November 2013 49/

By Ed Butts, PE, CPI

Engineering from Error The role of failure in good design—Part 2

ere we are once again, ready to head into another winter. Winter is a time to enjoy many seasonal activities, not to mention the impending holidays. Winter should also be a time to conduct those elusive tasks we never seem to get around to when we’re otherwise busy performing those needed repairs on the drill rig, sharpening the bits, or attending training courses.

Another task that always seems to be put off is to review the updated and new codes such as the revised National Electrical Code for 2014, the updated OSHA safety standards, and our respective state well construction codes. Whether we like it or not, we must all find a way to comply with these codes, one way or the other.

Actually, leading off with the topic of codes is a good place to start in this second part of our discussion on the role of failure in good design. A failure to observe or comply with relevant codes can potentially cause as much of an error in design as any other single element of design, particularly since codes already do drive a fair part of design.

Although I would not presume to state we all actually practice engineering in our normal day-to-day lives, I do believe almost all of us in the water well industry do regularly practice the art of design in one form or another. This can be seen in the design of a water well, a water treatment system, laying out a

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Ed Butts, PE, CPI, is the chief engineer at 4B Engineering & Consulting, Salem, Oregon.

He has more than 35 years experience in the water well business, specializing in engineering and business management. He can be reached at epbpe@juno.com.

50/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

The key is to identify what the final consequence of that error was on the entire process. new shop or yard, or even a groundwater-based geothermal system.

Last month we introduced the concept of design and how the art of design applies to most all of us in one way or another. This month we will expand upon and then wrap up this discussion with an outline of how our design errors, although hopefully avoidable, can actually play a real role in ultimately improving our designs.

Just What Is an Error?

This is the kind of question that will often yield 10 different answers from 10 different people. Some people would prefer to call errors such terms as “booboos” or “mess-ups.” In the case of a design, I have always preferred to use the simple word: error.

Consider a commonly used science and engineering dictionary’s definition of error: “a difference between the desired and actual performance or behavior of a system or object.” More simply stated in control systems engineering, an error is defined as “the difference between a set-point and the appropriate process value.”

To me, an error in a design is defined as “any circumstance or event that results in or causes the product of a design to not function as intended or planned.”

That’s it. You may notice nowhere in that definition will you find “mess-up,”

nor will you see the words “destruction” or “failure.” That’s because I don’t feel all errors can be narrowed down to that extent.

To be sure, that doesn’t mean all errors are or should be regarded as simple and without any consequence.

For example, trying to define the space shuttle Challenger’s total destruction in 1986, which resulted from a failed O-ring on a solid rocket booster due to excessively cold temperatures, as nothing more than a “basic design error” and not what it truly was—“a major, major mess-up”—would be both disingenuous and an insult to the seven fallen crewmembers.

The key is to identify and recognize an error in design for what it really is and what the final consequence of that error was on the entire process or outcome. For this we are forced to be totally honest and objective during the analysis of the error. That is a very difficult task indeed, especially if it is our error that we are charged with evaluating.

If a water well or water system individual truly wants to be regarded as a “professional” by our peers, we don’t have a choice in the matter. Most people will see the error you made just as easy as your customer, your boss, or an inspector will (at least one of whom I can almost guarantee will notice it).

Now, here is where the ordinary selflabeled “grunt” will usually rise to inform me that is all they are, a grunt. So what do they have to worry about since they don’t ever do anything that rises to the level of “design” anyway? My response is: “Do you really believe that?”

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From personal experience I can usually predict there will be only two ways this “grunt” can go the rest of their career in the water well industry. They will either burn out or they will drop out. Either way, these kinds of folks are not long for the water well industry.

To be sure, there are many ambitious younger and older workers who truly enjoy the hard work that comes from the daily grind of working on a drill rig or running a trencher without ever actually operating the rig. But these are not the “grunts.” These workers are among the “professionals.”

What Causes a Failure?

With the definition of an error safely secured, we now move on to defining the many different modes of a failure.

This is another avenue where the definition of the word itself may need careful consideration, although the strict definition of failure is often construed to mean “an outcome was unsuccessful.”

But, in my mind, I consider a failure to simply mean “a state or outcome where a desired objective was not met.”

That doesn’t have to mean the final outcome was unsuccessful. Especially when you consider the fact a redesign following a failure usually results in a successful outcome.

To be frank, I have personally been a part of many of these various types of failures, so I can speak from personal experience in many cases. However, since most of my adult life has been dedicated to the study and practice of engineering—a subcategory of design— I can also recite many of these examples from my observations or personal witnessing of errors performed by other designers.

Obviously, there are numerous kinds of errors that can be made during the process of design. Although many of these errors thought to be made during the design or engineering process were actually made through later functions, such as installation or maintenance, I will endeavor to separate these.

Common Modes of Failure Although there are numerous (more than can be counted) ways a material, product, or system can fail, there are a few fairly common methods, or modes, of failure.

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There are two basic types of materials in common use today: elastic and inelastic.

Elastic materials include those that can stretch or expand a given amount upon the application of stress and then return to their original length, volume, or shape when the stress is removed— like a rubber band. Elastic materials include most metals (steel, bronze, and many alloys), plastics, and rubber materials.

Inelastic materials, often referred to as “brittle,” are not capable of returning to their original condition following the removal of stress and typically have an ultimate or maximum strength at which they shatter or break beyond that initial application of loading. Inelastic materials include glass, rock, and concrete (although many would dispute this assertion). I would also include cast iron within this category. Although ductile iron is slightly elastic, for the purposes of this discussion it is safer to assume it is not.

Elastic materials typically have three limits of applied stress, defined within the realm of elastic limits: ultimate, yield, and working stress.

Ultimate stress is the maximum unit stress the material can withstand before tearing, separating, or breaking. For steel, this value is generally within the range of 60,000 to 100,000 pounds per square inch.

Yield strength is the maximum stress value the material can withstand and still return to its original shape. For steel, this value is typically between 36,000 and 50,000 psi.

Working stress is the maximum permitted stress value that can be applied to the material in normal service for steel.

This value is typically between 14,000 and 24,000 psi. (All of the preceding values are dependent upon the grade and classification of the steel.)

The difference between the yield strength and working strength is often referred to as the “safety factor” and is used to provide a margin of protection against variations in material composition, dimensions, and other design factors. Overstressing any material above the appropriate safe working stress is always a risky design element as the potential contribution of failure from an unknown “weak link” in the material

or system is often ignored. The “stretchable” characteristic for elastic and some inelastic materials is often determined through a design factor termed the “modulus of elasticity.”

Another common set of failure modes are actually not regarded as design factors but contributory elements caused from improper installation or maintenance. All systems are generally designed based on the typical operating characteristics of the material or product used.

For example, installing an underground slip-on style of 90 degree ell without regard for the resultant thrust developed from the interior pressure exerted on the joint will ultimately cause failure of this joint, regardless of the care that may have been taken during the design even though the fitting itself may come through the joint failure intact. As for maintenance, not observing the proper frequency and type of maintenance procedure for an electric motor, likely leading to a bearing failure in a pumping station, or ignoring the need for occasional verification of the integrity of pressure engaged electrical connections can both negate the same element of design.

Errors in Design Failure caused by an “error in design” is generally the most obvious and publicized, particularly since many in the public and the press seemingly enjoy bringing the “brainiacs” or “nerds” down to earth.

Although errors in actual design obviously do still occur, the type and scope of failures witnessed in the 1981 Kansas City Hyatt Regency hotel walkway collapse or the 1941 Tacoma-Narrows Bridge collapse, as just two examples, are now fairly rare due to the current verification procedures of the design usually conducted by peers, oversight staff, and regulatory agencies.

Even with these assurances, errors in design still can and do occur, as the following attest, but in no particular order of frequency.

Wrong Application In today’s world there are numerous types and grades of virtually every

ENGINEERING/continues on page 52 Water Well Journal November 2013 51/

ENGINEERING/from page 51 kind of material available to a designer.

Consider metals, for example.

For steel alone, the designer now has access to a multiple number of products including stainless steel, mild steel, high and ultra-high strength steels, as well as numerous alloys, and on and on.

There are multiple grades of aluminum available, in structural and nonstructural grades, as well as bronze and brass alloys at the designer’s disposal.

In the more recently developed field of plastics, there is an alphabet of plastic product driven acronyms such as ABS, CPVC, FRP, PEX, PVC, PVDF. In each category the designer must consider the relevant temperature, stress conditions (compressive or tensile), shrinkage or elongation, and pressure resistance characteristics. The designer must then strive to remain within the allowable limits to make sure the selected product complies with all operational conditions, while at the same time not ignoring the cost itself as another determining factor.

The key point to be made here is there is a product available for almost any application you may need. But the designer must be aware of the inherent limitations of each option as well as the advantages. To summarize, applying and using the wrong product in the wrong application can easily lead to the consequences from a rapid failure.

Overload Overload is a common failure mode for many categories of materials and products and can occur in various forms and from many types of loading.

Overloading can occur from a sudden failure, where the material is suddenly exposed to stresses beyond the ultimate strength of the material. This could be a cyclic overload, where the material or product eventually fails due to a progressive weakening of a weak plane caused from a repeated action on the material in an oscillating mode. To illustrate, picture the failure of a paper clip from bending it back and forth.

Overload can be “probability failure” where an ultimate failure of the entire process or system occurs from a single “weak link” in the system. This is a con-

52/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

dition that is often difficult to predict or to pinpoint the location.

Any of these failures could be the result of either overstressing the product beyond its elastic limit or undersizing the material in the product. In either case the material is usually found to be overstressed, where the stress in pounds per square inch or per square foot is higher than the appropriate unit value for that same material.

Fatigue Fatigue—often called “creep” or long-term failure—can be a form of design error, although the failure that results from this condition may take years to surface and be revealed as the cause of failure. Fatigue must be factored into the initial design for true prevention, even though this may not always be a totally predictable event.

Although many may not regard this as a “design error,” in most cases the designer is still charged with verifying that fatigue over the effective life of the design will not be an ultimate cause of failure.

Excessive Economy This is a difficult term to classify since there needs to be a reasonable trade-off between the economy of a design and a natural inclination against “underbuilding” or “overbuilding” the design. Simply put, a designer must strive to find an effective balance between the quality, size, or thickness of a product or component against the cost and resulting penalty of using a larger product or component in order to provide a needed margin of safety.

Unfortunately, this type of failure mode has become more pronounced and common in recent years because of the influx of many inferior or counterfeit products from foreign and domestic manufacturers. It is up to the designer and then the installer to be sure any product used in a project does not surrender or trade integrity for a lower cost.

Theoretically, this category should be preventable in many cases where a specific code or standard applies since the code is intended to provide no less than a minimal level of service. However, codes and standards do not always apply nor are they universally observed. Given

the wide range of options of materials that are available to the designer in today’s world, this is usually a tough assignment.

Design Plagiarism Design plagiarism is simply a case when one designer reuses the concept or design from another project or designer and applies that concept or design to their own project. Obviously, this type of action is not only unethical and illegal in most cases, but also potentially dangerous, particularly if the specific factors and limitations associated with the new project were not fully considered.

Overreliance on Technology The use of newer and recent technologies is in wide use, such as computer-aided design, design spreadsheets, and computer-aided engineering. All are significant improvements in the field of design, but overreliance or totally depending on their use can easily result in a severe error. Careful double-checking and cross-checking of computergenerated design results using human verification is a necessity.

New Horizons A fairly new area of potential design failure is what I call “new horizons.”

In this scenario a designer uses new, untried, or untested materials, procedures, or devices in an effort to remain ahead of the pack and applies this to a design, often with unpredictable results.

Obviously, progress dictates that we need to consider new technologies in our designs. These should always be implemented with caution and in circumstances where a failure would not jeopardize the entire operation or process.

Multiple Modes of Potential Failure This final area of potential design error could be listed under wrong applications. But the failure that may result from this category is actually not associated with using the wrong product or material for a project, but rather from considering the proper application without examining the impact on the application from all operational sides. waterwelljournal.com

As an example, consider the design of a pipeline. The designer may use prudent caution in carefully selecting a pipeline material that will withstand all of the implied internal pressures without a rupture, but at the same time not fully consider the corrosive effects the soil will have on the pipeline’s exterior surfaces.

This is a case where the pipeline will ultimately fail from the “outside-in� since it must be capable of withstanding multiple loading conditions—not just from the internal pressure but from the deteriorating effects the soil will have upon the pipeline material. The pipeline may also fail because of the external loading from the soil onto the pipe itself, with the capability of eventually destroying the pipeline and the design.

This may be the one single area where a designer’s judgment is based as much on their experience as on their technical knowledge.

Errors on the Job Each one of these modes of failure has validity and application in the water well industry. Running a non-rotating cable on a pump hoist until the cable finally snaps from the inside-out where it cannot be easily monitored is but one example where an error in maintenance as well as design is possible.

Another potential error in a water well system design might involve the use of a plastic product on an exothermic (heat releasing) water treatment chemical, such as caustic soda (sodium hydroxide). When caustic soda is combined with water, an exothermal reaction occurs that releases heat which can result in a disaster if the plastic pipe melts.

Next, the use of an operable enginedriven generator or booster pump inside a building without providing adequate openings in the walls to permit intake combustion and cooling air to enter could literally cause enough of a suction force (negative pressure) inside the building to make it almost impossible to open the closed doors.

Finally, constructing a well or booster pump station within an ordinary building but with inadequate provisions to release or divert water to the outside in the event of a serious leak or pipe

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break inside the structure could result in an internal rise of water until an explosion of the electrical components finally happens.

All of these cited occurrences are events I have either witnessed or read about during the past 35 years, and there are many more. In each event I have tried to “file� the circumstances and outcomes into my memory to hopefully avoid making the same type of error myself.

One thing I have learned about design errors is this: Change just one step or procedure in the chain of events that led to the result or outcome of the error and it usually will not happen in the first place since negative events or errors must generally line up in a pattern for them to result in a full-blown problem.

Simply stated, observe each of the separate procedures in your design process carefully and verify each step along the design path, and chances are the final outcome will be favorable and as was intended.

I have only scratched the surface with this outline of the various types of failure modes, any of which can ruin an otherwise effective design. In most instances, a design error does not result in a total failure of the process or system but is viewed more as a “setback,� a bump in the road that requires the designer to reconsider the many elements that need to go into a design to make it functional and long-lasting.

The key is for the designer to recognize the many potential areas where a design error could occur, ultimately leading to a design failure. Carefully examining all facets of the design, including all potential modes of failure—external and internal loading, maintaining compressive and tensile stresses within allowable limits, avoiding misapplication of improper materials or products—will generally lessen the opportunity for failure.

With all of that said, there will still be failures caused from design errors.

You will make them as I still do. When they happen, rise above the natural inclination to avoid responsibility and take the event as a true opportunity to expand your knowledge and add it to your experience and reputation for integrity.

Over time, you will realize these past events serve to help you avoid repeat occurrences . . . and even the next set of errors and new failures.

Until next month, work safe and smart. WWJ

Learn How to Engineer Success for Your Business Engineering Your Business: A series of articles serving as a guide to the groundwater business is a compilation of works from long-time Water Well Journal columnist Ed Butts.

Visit NGWA’s online bookstore at www.NGWA.org for more information.

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Water Well Journal November 2013 53/

By Alexandra Walsh

Employment Record Keeping Requirements Which records should be kept and for how long? ecord retention is important, and the law specifies how long many human resources-related records must be kept.

Complicating the matter, however, is that the federal laws on the retention of records for the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and I-9 Immigration Forms, for example, differ from one another. Added to that, state record retention requirements depend on the particular law and type of record.

Here are record retention guidelines for the major employment-related laws.

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FLSA Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, every covered employer must keep certain records for each nonexempt worker.

FLSA requires no particular form for the records, but does require the records include certain identifying information about the employee and data about the hours worked and the wages earned.

The law also requires this information to be accurate.

The following is a listing of the basic records an employer must maintain: • Employee’s full name and Social Security number • Address, including Zip Code • Birth date, if younger than 19

Alexandra Walsh is the vice president of Association Vision, a Washington, D.C.–area communications company. She has extensive experience in management positions with a range of organizations.

54/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

Modern electronic recordkeeping makes the challenges easier.

• Sex and occupation • Time and day of week when employee’s workweek begins • Hours worked each day • Total hours worked each workweek • Basis on which employee’s wages are paid (“$9 per hour,” “$440 a week,” “piecework”) • Regular hourly pay rate • Total daily or weekly straight-time earnings • Total overtime earnings for the workweek • All additions to or deductions from the employee’s wages • Total wages paid each pay period • Date of payment and the pay period covered by the payment.

Each employer should preserve for at least three years payroll records, collective bargaining agreements, sales and purchase records. Records on which computing wages are based—time cards and piecework tickets, wage rate tables, work and time schedules, and records of additions to or deductions from wages—should be retained for two years.

These records must be open for inspection by representatives of the Wage and Hour Division of the Department of Labor, who may ask the employer to make extensions, computations, or tran-

scriptions. The records may be kept at the place of employment or in a central records office.

IRS The Internal Revenue Service states employers must keep all records of employment taxes for at least four years after filing the fourth quarter for the year, including: • Employer identification number • Copies of returns filed • Names, addresses, Social Security numbers, and occupations of employees and recipients • Dates of employment • Copies of employees’ and recipients’ income tax withholding allowance certificates (Forms W-4, W-4P, W-4S, W-4V) • Dates and amounts of tax deposits • Amounts and dates of all wage, annuity, and pension payments • Records of fringe benefits provided, including substantiation • Amounts of tips reported and records of allocated tips • Fair market value of in-kind wages paid • Periods for which employees and recipients were paid while absent due to sickness or injury and the amount and weekly rate of payments that employer or third-party payers made to them • Any employee copies of Form W-2 that were returned as undeliverable.

FMLA Department of Labor regulations under the Family and Medical Leave waterwelljournal.com

Act require that covered employers who have eligible employees maintain the following records for three years (with some exceptions): • Basic payroll and identifying employee data including name, address, and occupation; rate or basis of pay and terms of compensation; daily and weekly hours worked per pay period; additions to or deductions from wages; and total compensation paid • Dates when FMLA leave is taken by FMLA eligible employees • If FMLA leave is taken by eligible employees in increments of less than one full day, the hours of the leave • Copies of employee notices of leave furnished by employees to the employer under FMLA, if in writing, and copies of all written notices given to employees as required under FMLA • Any documents (including written and electronic records) describing employee benefits or employer policies and practices regarding the taking of paid and unpaid leave.

OSHA

regulations have additional requirements for the maintenance and retention of records for medical surveillance, exposure monitoring, inspections, and other activities and incidents relevant to occupational safety and health, and for the reporting of certain information to employees and to OSHA. For information on these requirements, employers should refer directly to the OSHA standards or regulations, consult OSHA’s Web site, www.osha.gov, for additional information, or contact their OSHA regional office or participating state agency.

I-9 Employment Eligibility Forms The statute establishing the obligation to verify employment eligibility provides a retention rule, stating employers must retain a paper, microfiche, microfilm, or electronic version of the I-9 form and make it available for inspection during a period beginning on the date of the hiring, recruiting, or referral of the individual and ending: • In the case of the recruiting or referral for a fee (without hiring) of an

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Many specific OSHA standards and

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• Keeping the OSHA 300 Log (workrelated illnesses and injuries), the privacy case list (if one exists), the annual summary, and the OSHA 301 Incident Report forms for five years following the end of the calendar year that these records cover • Updating the OSHA 300 Log during the five-year storage period to include newly discovered recordable injuries or illnesses, and to show any changes that have occurred in the classification of previously recorded injuries and illnesses. If the description or outcome of a case changes, you must remove or line out the original entry and enter the new information.

Establishing policies and parameters for creating, retaining, and destroying human resource records is a difficult proposition, with the involvement of so many government agencies and their regulations.

Modern electronic recordkeeping makes the challenges easier, since the expense and space requirements of storage are so much less than with paper.

Still, there are potentially very serious risks if documents needed in litigation are found to have been destroyed in a situation in which the law required a “legal hold� notwithstanding routine destruction policies.

This is an issue that warrants careful consideration by all those involved in the legal, human resources, and information technology functions of any business. WWJ

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Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations describe in great detail the work-related injuries and illnesses an employer must enter into OSHA records. There are specific OSHA forms employers must use to record work-related fatalities, injuries, and illnesses.

The basic OSHA record retention requirement regulation requires:

individual, three years after the date of the recruiting or referral • In the case of the hiring of an individual, three years after the date of such hiring, or one year after the date the individual’s employment is terminated, whichever is later.

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Water Well Journal November 2013 55/

By Victor Rotonda

The Right Tool for the Right Job It’s critical you have the right technology when you head to a work site. re we making the best decisions today when it comes to knowing the right tooling systems to use in the drilling industry?

I learned the value of using the right tools for the right job when I was a teenager tinkering with cars. After earning several bruised knuckles, I decided to listen to my dad and we replaced my less than adequate set of hand tools with the right tools for my needs.

Today, with the advancements of new technologies and techniques, we have more tooling options to choose from than ever before. The drilling market is competitive, so it’s critical that contractors stay informed as to what new tooling systems are available in order to work efficiently and stay ahead of the competition.

All new tooling systems present a new set of challenges. For example, I remember when I first realized the tremendous advantage of operating a wire line coring system over conventional core barrels when making multiple coring runs or when coring through less than competent bedrock.

I witnessed a wire line system that could easily outperform a conventional system when multiple runs were required. An operator could maintain a cased borehole and retrieve the inner core barrel and rock core using a cable and eliminate the time it took to trip out the drill rods when using a conventional coring system.

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Victor Rotonda joined Geoprobe Systems in 2000 and is the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast regional manager for the company. Rotonda has more than 25 years of geotechnical and environmental drilling experience and holds a New Jersey well driller license and a Maryland master well driller license. You can reach him at rotondav@geoprobe.com.

56/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

All new tooling systems present a new set of challenges.

When operating a wire line, you quickly learned that the inner barrel must be latched into position before you continue to core the bedrock.

This wasn’t a concern when operating the conventional barrel.

The results and quality of the sample core are the same as the conventional system, but the operator using a wire line is more efficient, more productive, and safer because they don’t have to trip out the drill rods after each coring run.

It soon became difficult to compete for rock coring projects if you were a contractor who was unfamiliar with a wire line system.

A Standard System The same set of circumstances exists today when attempting to collect samples in unconsolidated material.

The conventional soil sampling system recognized by most professionals today is a Macro-Core soil sampling system by Geoprobe Systems. This system allows the operator to collect highquality continuous or discrete samples into a sample liner in unconsolidated material up to 60 inches at a time. Wow! Collect four samples and you’re down 20 feet into the subsurface. Use a closed point with this system and you can predetermine the targeted sample collection interval.

The Macro-Core system is considered a standard in the environmental industry for many reasons, but one of the few drawbacks is the operator has to pull the rods out of the ground to

retrieve the core sample. The open borehole in unconsolidated material can have a tendency to cave in. The operator must advance through this sluffed or caved-in material to continue to reach the top of the next sampling interval.

Going Dual Recently, I’ve noticed more operators contracted to collect sample cores in deeper borings are getting familiar with a dual tube sampling system. The dual tube system provides the operator with all the benefits of the Macro-Core system, plus the advantage of maintaining a cased borehole.

The high-quality core sample is retrieved by removing a small-diameter, lightweight inner rod attached to the sample liner or sample sheath. The outer rods remain in the borehole until completion of the boring. Now material sluffing the borehole closed or caving in is no longer an issue. The operator does not have to re-penetrate through this material, which saves time, effort, and wear and tear on the equipment.

The cased borehole also provides more application options. The operator can use a screen head adapter to collect groundwater samples anywhere within the cased hole. Or by using an expendable cutting shoe with the system, the contractor can install a prepacked monitoring well or temporary well at the completion of the boring.

Some contractors report that, compared to a standard sampling system, they have doubled their production when collecting continuous soil cores to 50 feet below ground surface when using a dual tube system.

One of the challenges operators may encounter when using a dual tube system will be running sands when collectwaterwelljournal.com

ing sample cores below the water table. When the operator removes the inner rods and core sample, it’s not uncommon for saturated material to flow into the outer rods through the opening in the cutting shoe. This material needs to be removed before the operator can collect additional samples.

One option is to use small-diameter tremie pipe or a garden hose and float the material out of the casing with potable water and a pump. This process is fairly simple and should not take much more than a few minutes. Leaving the outer casing full of water can also offset the hydraulic pressure created by the static water table.

Although dual tube usage may be increasing, there are many situations where Macro-Core sampling is still the preferred method. Making that determination is directly related to product knowledge and project requirements.

Any new tooling system will present a new set of challenges. Knowing how to use the tooling and knowing the best application for its usage is extremely important when looking at new technology. You should expect and receive training from a knowledgeable and experienced person when purchasing new tooling systems. They will also help you determine which tool to use for specific applications and what results to expect.

Just remember, the tools you’ve used for several years aren’t necessarily the ones you want to continue to use.

Maybe it’s time for some newer technology so you can save a few bruised knuckles.

And although I don’t use them anymore, I still have my original set of sockets and ratchets. There are a few things you just need to hang on to. WWJ

Circle card no. 23

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Find out how you can stand out from the competition by becoming an NGWA Certified Well Driller and/or Pump Installer. www.NGWA.org/Certification 800 551.7379 s 614 898.7791

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Water Well Journal November 2013 57/

By Ed Butts, PE, CPI

Engineering of Water Systems Part 11(a)—The Source: The Well

n past inserts of this series we have outlined much of what is needed to design and construct a large water system such as the planning, regulatory aspects, water use, and hydraulics. In these next installments we will examine where it all starts—the source.

In our industry we are generally concerned with a single or multiple water wells as our principal source of water for most of the applications we deal with. But when considering a large water system, such as a municipal or industrial water system, we must also include other potential sources as well.

In the upcoming articles we will examine the water well as the source of water for a large water system. However, beyond the use of a typical water well we most commonly associate with pumping systems, the use of an existing pressurized water system or a storage reservoir from an existing system is also applicable. In these cases, the water system itself becomes the water source and our mission is to now design a “booster pumping system,” one that is capable of receiving water from one level and transferring it to another higher level. Finally, a discussion of a potential source for a large water system would not be complete without considering the use of surface water—whether it is provided from a pond, lake, river, or other water body—as a potential water source.

It should go without saying that a discussion involving potential water sources that is primarily directed towards water well professionals would consider water wells as the very first option. Obviously, trying to deliver a meaningful outline of the types and classifications of water wells to the audience at hand is like trying to fill Lake Mead with a teaspoon. It may be able to be done, but it is almost impossible to actually do it.

So, let’s pretend for a few minutes this narrative is actually directed towards a group of water well “freshmen” instead.

I

Groundwater, Aquifers, and Water Wells Groundwater provides the largest single source of freshwater in the United States, comprising almost 85% of the nation’s water supply. Around 50% of the U.S. groundwater Ed Butts, PE, CPI, is the chief engineer at 4B Engineering & Consulting, Salem, Oregon. He has more than 30 years experience in the water well business, specializing in engineering and business management. He can be reached at epbpe@juno.com.

58/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

Figure 1. The hydrologic (water) cycle

supply is within 100 feet of the ground surface, with a typical residence time of 200 years or less. The other 50% is located deeper, with detention times averaging up to 10,000 years in some confined aquifers. The age of water has been carbon dated to be as old as 100,000 years up to 1,000,000 years.

Groundwater exists as one element of the hydrologic (water) cycle (Figure 1), which controls the distribution and rotation of water on the earth, hence the term “cycle.” The hydrologic cycle is driven by the action of the sun. The heating of the surface of the earth by the sun causes the evaporation or evapotranspiration (the evaporation of water from plants) of water to occur, resulting in the transference of water vapor up and into the atmosphere. Water is carried around the planet in the atmosphere in clouds and later dropped back down to the earth’s surface through precipitation in the form of rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

More than 90% of the water evaporated from the earth returns directly to the ocean, with the remaining 10% deposited upon the land surfaces through precipitation. The water that falls upon the earth’s surfaces results in runoff, direct transpiration by plants, becomes temporarily stored as snow or ice with eventual melting and runoff, or infiltrates into the subsurface. The water from precipitation or runoff that infiltrates

WATER WORKS/continues on page 60 waterwelljournal.com

Circle card no. 14

Figure 2. Saturated and unsaturated zones

WATER WORKS/from page 58 or percolates downward from the surface into the underlying geologic formations is the principal source of groundwater.

Groundwater is defined as naturally occurring water located in and traveling through the various cracks, fissures, and pore spaces contained within the underlying soil and geologic structures. These regions of geologic formations that store and transmit groundwater are individually referred to as waterbearing formations, water-bearing zones, water stratas or, to be more technically correct, aquifers.

In addition to aquifers, there are additional like-sounding terms but with wholly different definitions. An aquitard is a confined aquifer with leaking properties. Unlike a typical confined aquifer, an aquitard is fairly limited in production capability and can yield only small amounts of water, usually not enough to satisfy even a single residence. An aquifuge is a confining layer that is essentially impermeable and unable to yield any reasonable volume of water, a “dry” formation.

Most clay and claystone (shale) formations are virtually impermeable and unable to yield water for all practical purposes; these types of formations are called aquicludes.

Contrary to popular misconceptions, groundwater doesn’t occur or reside in underground lakes, rivers, channels, or veins but within the pore spaces between grains of certain geologic materials such as sand and gravel or within the fractures of others, such as basalt rock. Groundwater typically moves very slowly through an aquifer, usually at velocities as slow as inches or up to a few feet per day.

Although the actual definition and location of groundwater can vary between states and jurisdictions, for our purposes we will assume groundwater is always that water found at a depth exceeding 20 feet or more below the immediate ground surface. Any water found above that depth is technically defined as surface water.

For extraction purposes, groundwater is typically allowed to flow into and be retrieved through the use of a water well.

The strict definition of a water well is an artificial opening in the earth, generally circular in shape, intended and used for locating and extracting groundwater from a viable aquifer to the ground surface.

Many states define groundwater as that water available at a depth of or exceeding 18 feet below ground surface, but I pre60/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

Figure 3. Types of aquifers

fer to use 20 feet since that figure presumes even the shallowest water well and adjacent sanitary seal will extend to at least 20 feet. In all cases, the minimum depth of the sanitary seal will be assumed to be no less than 18 feet.

A sanitary seal—also referred to as a cement seal, bentonite seal, or surface seal—is also created from an artificial opening in the ground, with a diameter generally no less than 4 inches greater than the well casing diameter. This seal prevents surface water and contaminants from migrating into the water well. Hence, a typical 6-inch-diameter water well would be provided with no less than a 10-inch-diameter surface seal.

Once again, certain jurisdictions may dispute this definition.

But for the sake of discussion, we must have an agreed upon and uniform value.

Groundwater typically enters and flows through the ground through various types of rocks. Groundwater begins often in the higher elevations of mountain ranges from snowpack melt or runoff which then travels overland and downhill. The force of gravity causes the slow percolation of the water through the upper regions of geologic formations. This is referred to as overburden or unsaturated zones on its path to join with other water within an aquifer.

This action of groundwater replenishment is referred to as recharge. As water enters the upper soil strata and flows downward from the force of gravity, it will eventually run into a region overlying the aquifer where an air-water intermix or vapor resides. This zone is referred to as a vadose zone, part of the unsaturated zone. Immediately under the vadose zone is situated the saturated zone, where all of the pore spaces are filled with water (Figure 2).

Depending on the resistance to water flow afforded from the soil and rock formations, groundwater continues to flow downward until it encounters one of the two types of aquifers, confined or unconfined (Figure 3).

A confined aquifer, often referred to as an artesian aquifer, is one where the water is sealed within the water-bearing zone and situated under an impermeable layer or layers of soil or formations such as clay, shale, or sandstone which separates and provides a relatively impermeable barrier for the confined layer from the effects of atmospheric pressure.

In addition, the term flowing artesian well is often applied to all confined wells too. But this is often a misnomer as an artesian head is one caused from the higher head generated in a confined layer, but this higher head does not necessarily translate to a well that flows at the surface. Depending on the waterwelljournal.com

relative elevation of the well location versus the head generated from the recharge zone, flowing artesian wells are potentially found in confined aquifers, since the pressure (head) available to push the water up the borehole is often greater than the top elevation of the wellhead. (Refer to the detail in Figure 3 for an illustration of both a flowing and non-flowing artesian well.)

Therefore, by definition, it is important to remember all artesian wells are confined wells, but not all artesian wells are flowing wells. Due to their typically deeper location, confined aquifer materials are often composed of volcanic-based rock such as basalt, pumice, or granite. The water available from these materials flows through the crevices and fractures that were generated during the magma cooling process.

As shown in Figure 3, the water head available from a confined layer is generated from the upper recharge area, assumed to provide a continuous path for water to flow downgradient and into the aquifer from the original source. There can be a substantial difference in both vertical and horizontal distance, potentially up to thousands of feet or miles, depending on the location and elevation of the recharge area relative to the well site.

This water head provides the force necessary to push water into and up a water well during pumping conditions, which is one of the reasons wells in confined aquifers are often capable of producing substantial flows. This also explains why the static water level in a confined aquifer is generally found to be at a shorter distance from the ground surface than the highest level where the aquifer was encountered during the well drilling procedure. The imaginary line that starts at the recharge area and continually traverses downgradient (downhill) to create the pressure or equivalent elevation where the water would theoretically rise in a wellbore is called the potentiometric surface.

An unconfined aquifer is one where the head is governed and controlled by the conditions of atmospheric pressure (14.7 psia at sea level). These types of aquifers are typically comprised of sediments such as sand, gravel, and mixtures of the two deposited upon the land surface during floods and other cataclysmic events.

As opposed to a confined aquifer where recharge can occur from many miles away, recharge to an unconfined aquifer is generally local in nature, often influenced and provided from nearby rivers or streams. Due to the shallow and the more exposed nature of most unconfined aquifers, as well as closer recharge point, contamination is usually far more common and frequent than with a confined aquifer.

The static water level, generally referred to in an unconfined aquifer as the “water table,” is usually at the same relative elevation as the top elevation of the aquifer, since the force that raises this water is counterbalanced by atmospheric pressure. This head provides the only force available to push water into a well during pumping conditions. The water table surface usually follows the topography of the land surface and the aquifer. Well capacities therefore are mostly limited by the hydraulic characteristics (porosity and permeability) of the aquifer material itself rather than the higher water head generated from the recharge influence from a confined aquifer.

Table 1. Typical Porosities of Geologic Materials Material Type

Typical Range of Porosity

Clay

17% to 96%

Uniform inorganic sand

29% to 52%

Silty sand

23% to 48%

Clean and uniform sand

29% to 50%

Fine to coarse sand

17% to 49%

Silty sand and gravel

12% to 46%

Aquifer Terms In order to effectively do its job, an aquifer must perform two important functions: (1) store adequate volumes of water and (2) be capable of readily transmitting this same volume of water to a well. Although it is helpful to know the type of formation in which a well is drilled, of more importance for an individual well is an understanding of the physical and hydraulic characteristics that apply to the materials that comprise the aquifer, chiefly porosity and permeability.

Porosity and permeability—and thus the efficiency and capacity of the aquifer—are both impacted by the shape, size, volume, and connectivity of the pores and openings within the aquifer material. Rarely is a geologic material solid or without voids—almost all contain a percentage of open space or pores.

The porosity of a material is defined as the fraction of the material that contains these open spaces.

A porosity of 0.3 means 30% of the material consists of open space between the individual grains. The greater the volume of open space in the material, the greater the porosity.

Porosity can be as low as 0.001 (0.1%) in unfractured (virtually solid) igneous rock up to 0.5 (50%) in fine-grained sedimentary material such as silts or clays. Typical values for porosity are shown in Table 1.

Although Table 1 quantifies the volume a given type of geologic material can hold, it does not represent how much water the material can necessarily yield. To determine this variable, we need to use the specific yield.

The specific yield is the quantity (ratio) a unit volume of an unconfined aquifer can give up to gravity. It varies from a high of 1%–30% for clay to a low of 0.5%–5.0% for limestone. Sand and gravel and sand and gravel mixtures are usually between 10%–15% up to 25%–30%. The specific yield does not apply to confined aquifers since the water is not completely removed from the pore space during pumping.

The specific retention is the ratio of the volume of water in a rock retained against gravity drainage to the total volume of the rock.

Another term related to the physical properties of geologic materials and closely associated with porosity is permeability.

Permeability is the measure of how easily water can flow through the openings within the geologic material or, more simply put, how easy the aquifer materials permit the water to flow through them.

Coarse-grained materials, such as sand and gravel, are among the highest classification of permeable materials as

WATER WORKS/continues on page 62 Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal November 2013 61/

Figure 4. Coeeficient of permeability

WATER WORKS/from page 61 well as offering high porosity. Not only do these types of materials readily store large volumes of water but water flows through them easily as well, making these materials among the highest in feasible aquifer capacity. On the other hand, material such as clay and silt, although high in porosity, has relatively low permeability which makes this classification of material fairly impermeable and low in feasible aquifer development. Permeability is determined by the coefficient of permeability (hydraulic conductivity) in gallons per day per square foot (gpd/ft2); typical values for different types of aquifer material are shown in Figure 4.

The coefficient of storage (S) of an aquifer represents the volume of water either released from or provided to the storage per unit of aquifer storage area per unit change of head (∆H). In an unconfined aquifer, S is the same value as the specific yield. In a confined aquifer, S is the result of compression of the aquifer during recharge and expansion of the aquifer when the head is reduced during pumping conditions.

The value of S is dimensionless. Values of S range from 0.01 to 0.3 for unconfined aquifers and 10-5 to 10-3 for confined aquifers.

The transmissivity of an aquifer is the permeability multiplied by the area in flow. The coefficient of transmissivity (T) of an aquifer is the rate at which water flows through a vertical strip of the aquifer (1 foot or 1 meter wide) and extending through the full saturated thickness, under a hydraulic gradient of 100%. Values of T range from less than 1000 to more than 1,000,000 gallons per day per foot (gpd/ft). An aquifer 62/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

with a T value of only 1000 gpd/ft can provide only enough water for a single residential home, where an aquifer with 10,000 to 100,000 gpd/ft is capable of supporting a medium to large water system.

The hydraulic gradient is the slope of the water table and is an important factor to determine the velocity of groundwater flow, a critical parameter when evaluating the impact of contaminant transport on an aquifer. As with the flow of water aboveground, the steeper the slope, the faster groundwater will typically move within the aquifer. As with open channel or pipeline flow, the hydraulic gradient is the head in the system that remains following the withdrawal of water along the route. It can be compared to the residual pressure remaining in a pipeline following compensation for friction loss and water extraction. The hydraulic gradient is measured as the change in elevation of the hydraulic head over a given horizontal distance and is usually measured in feet.

The respective values of the transmissivity and storage coefficients are particularly important in an aquifer analysis because they define the hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer.

The T value indicates how much water can move through the formation, while the S value indicates how much water volume can be removed through pumping or replenished from recharge. The proper use of these two coefficients can greatly assist the analysis of an aquifer and the predictions of the limitations and capability of its use.

This concludes this first part of our examination of the water well as a water source for a large water system, with an examination and overview of groundwater and aquifer types.

In the next installment, we will examine the well, the characteristics of the well itself as a hydraulic machine, the collection and conveyance methods, the various types of wells constructed for the different geologic materials, and the criteria used for selecting a well diameter and depth proceeding to the design itself.

Until then, keep them pumping! WWJ

Work with Pumping Systems?

Then consider becoming a certified pump installer in NGWA’s voluntary certification program. The CPI designation demonstrates personal knowledge, pride in the job, and professionalism. Get more information about becoming a CPI at www.NGWA.org.

Learn How to Engineer Success for Your Business Engineering Your Business: A series of articles serving as a guide to the groundwater business is a compilation of works from long-time Water Well Journal columnist Ed Butts. Visit NGWA’s Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org for more information.

waterwelljournal.com

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By Julie Hansen

How to Turn Small Deals into Big Wins There are no small sales, only small salespeople.

H

ow many times have you gotten a small slice of business when you were hoping for the whole

pie?

Maybe you had hoped to sell an entire new system and ended up selling only a small replacement part. After you finished writing up the sale, was your disappointment palpable? Were you anxious to get off the phone or out the door, determined not to waste any more of your time or energy?

Or did you treat this buyer with as much respect and patience as you extend to your larger customers? Did you recognize this small piece of business as the larger future business opportunity it was?

It’s impossible to avoid experiencing the occasional disappointment as a salesperson, but it is possible to avoid sabotaging yourself in the process.

It reminds me of a common expression heard in the theater: “There are no small parts, only small actors.”

“Small” actors are the ones who receive what they consider to be a “lesser” role than the one they auditioned for. So instead of giving it their all, they simply go through the motions—like a petulant child who doesn’t realize they’re only hurting themselves.

The difference between the professional and the novice in many fields often comes down to how you manage Julie Hansen is a professional sales trainer, speaker, and author. She authored the book ACT Like a Sales Pro in 2011 and has been featured in Selling Power, Entrepreneur, and Sales and Service Excellence magazines. She can be reached at julie@actingforsales.com and www.actingforsales.com.

64/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

Embracing each opportunity and giving the buyer our full attention and respect may reap larger benefits.

your emotions and play with the cards you’ve been dealt.

Television is full of examples of smart actors who parlayed what could have been a small or one-time role into something more. Take for example Kelsey Grammer. He was initially cast in just six episodes of Cheers, but turned into a regular member of the cast and went on to star in the wildly popular spinoff, Frasier. And who can forget Chandler Bing’s delightfully annoying nasal girlfriend on Friends, Janice (actor Maggie Wheeler). Originally cast in just one episode, Janice ended up appearing in 19 episodes over 10 seasons!

Getting over the initial disappointment of a decision that doesn’t appear to be in one’s favor is the hallmark of a mature performer—whether in the arts or business. And just as it pays to make the most out of every role you’re given as an actor, it pays for sellers to make the most out of every sale.

Embracing each opportunity and giving the buyer our full attention and respect may reap larger benefits in the not so distant future, just as this smart seller I encountered found out.

Last Christmas, my sister put me in charge of finding a certain very popular charm for my niece, which was available at only a few jewelry stores in the

city. Naturally, I had put my shopping off until the week prior to Christmas and found myself at the mall competing for the attention of a salesperson with throngs of other last minute holiday shoppers.

The scenario was the same at each store I visited. I was eagerly greeted by a salesperson, only to see their enthusiasm quickly wane after realizing what I was searching for would take a bit of work on their part and contribute very little toward making their quota. Instead of offering to check other stores or recent shipments, I was dismissed as quickly as possible so they could move on to a more promising high-ticket buyer.

Walking into the last jewelry store on my list, I rehearsed how I would explain to my sister that I blew my assignment.

As luck would have it, I ended up in front of a young salesperson named Chad. He listened attentively to my description. Then, instead of abruptly throwing the tray of charms out in front of me and tapping his fingers until he could move on to the next Rolex buyer, he spent 15 minutes finding the right charm at their store’s location in a neighboring town. He then arranged to have it on their delivery truck the next day so I would have it in time to give to my niece on Christmas.

I thanked Chad profusely as I left the store, feeling more than a little guilty about not buying anything more than an inexpensive piece of jewelry from him.

Less than two months later, I had a chance to remedy that. I needed to buy a wedding gift for a good client and I immediately thought of Chad. I happily went back to him and purchased a beauwaterwelljournal.com

tiful, engraved crystal bowl. Chad knew how to turn a small role into a star performance!

How can you move past your disappointment and turn a small sale into a bigger one? Here are some tips for making the most out of every sale no matter what the size.

Make your customer look good.

Chad became a star in my eyes because he made me look like a good aunt. Think about what your customer is trying to accomplish, who is depending on or the benefactor of their purchasing decision. Putting a face and a name on the ultimate end user can help you determine what would make them feel or look good.

Learn Sales Skills at the Groundwater Expo

Deliver more than they expect.

Just because an order falls short of your expectations does not mean you shouldn’t go beyond your customer’s expectations. Customers are used to having their expectations met.

For you to stand out, you have to beat their expectations.

Communicate more than they expect.

Keep your buyer in the loop on delivery and support. Chad followed up with me to make sure the charm would be delivered in time. That fact more than reinforced in my mind his status as a sales pro. Make yourself available. Keep the doors of communication open. This will put you at the top of a customer’s mind when they do need to purchase something more.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

The next time you’re given a small piece of business, try to remember these two examples.

Judi Dench’s riveting portrayal as Queen Elizabeth I in the movie Shakespeare in Love some years ago involved less than eight minutes of screen time, yet she earned the Oscar for Best Actress in a Supporting Role. And she’s done alright since.

Anne Hathaway had only 15 minutes of screen time in her role as Fantine in Les Miserables. But her portrayal of that tragic character and her mesmerizing singing won for her the same Oscar for Best Supporting Actress earlier this year.

Small roles perhaps, but rewarding results! WWJ

Julie Hansen will lead a presentation on improving your sales skills through referrals at the NGWA Groundwater Expo.

Her session titled “’You Had Me At Hello!’ Grow Your Business Through Networking” will take place from 1-2:30 p.m. on December 5.

You will learn how to leverage networking opportunities and turn them into sales opportunities, whether you’re canvassing for business, exhibiting at home shows, or speaking to friends or acquaintances. People are busier than ever and to grow your business, you need to know how to quickly gain their attention, develop rapport, and demonstrate what sets you apart.

Go to www.GroundwaterExpo.com for more information.

Circle card no. 53

Water Well Journal November 2013 65/

By Ron Slee

F

The Service Group Is Critical to Your Success It’s the only true way to differentiate yourself from the competition.

or some time now, the difference in prime product differentiation for all manner of products has narrowed.

The technology available in manufacturing and materials is there for everyone to use. Parts are available from many sources for nearly every product in current production. There is very little left to point out in the way of product features and benefits that will make a material difference to the customer.

That is not true, however, with your service group.

The service department will make or break the relationship you have with your customers. It starts with the initial installation, runs through the warranty period, the follow-up of the initial operations, and is improved further with maintenance programs and inspections, and finally with repairs in the case of sudden death or unexpected failures.

Each of these steps in the relationships with your customer is an opportunity to show how good you really are in what you do.

Technical personnel are little understood and in many cases unappreciated.

The technical employee hasn’t received the respect of the general population beRon Slee is the founder of R.J. Slee & Associates in Rancho Mirage, California, a consulting firm that specializes in dealership operations.

He also operates Quest Learning Centers, which provides training services specializing in product support, and Insight (M&R) Institute, which operates “Dealer Twenty” Groups.

He can be reached at ron@rjslee.com.

66/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

The service department will make or break the relationship you have with your customers. cause society has put more weight on university schooling programs. This has been at the expense of the credibility of a technical education.

Slowly but steadily, this view is changing. A technical education is more valued now in part due to the cost of a post–high school education as well as the high unemployment rate for college graduates. Technicians are starting to be recognized for their value and intelligence. They are some of the smartest people you employ.

I suggest that many dealers could pay more attention to their mechanics and technicians. Obviously, they are intelligent and well trained regarding your products.

Do you also provide them with training on interpersonal skills, or selling skills, or negotiating skills? Don’t forget many of your technicians are out in the field working at customers’ sites or homes. They need to be able to put a sales and service company face forward to the customer.

Providing Technical Services

Let’s look deeper into the service organization and the service functions.

First, the functions.

► Installations The initial installation of a well or pumping system or any other type of water management system is the first experience many of your customers will have with your company. How do the technicians present themselves? What does your uniform look like? Many will think this is a detail and I shouldn’t be too critical about it. I disagree. This is critical. ► Inspections As you know, I advocate that any of your installations, or any water system, should be inspected annually by one of your “specially” trained inspectors.

Not all technicians have good diagnostic skills. Inspection requires good diagnostic skills. The inspection is to provide a sense of comfort for your customer as to the condition of their system. It is also intended to “find” anything that needs to be done to put the unit or system back into the same operating condition it was designed for. ► Maintenance Proper maintenance is the single most critical element of maintaining lower operating costs and protecting the residual value of any capital goods system. Without good maintenance, the probability of sudden death or unexpected outages goes up dramatically. ► Repairs Although many repairs will be done in your shop, they’ll also have to be done out in the field as well. Again, how does the technician portray your business? How well do they communicate with your customer? waterwelljournal.com

► Rebuilds Systems installed can have component parts that can be rebuilt and replace a worn-out or damaged component. These rebuilds also contribute to the reduction of operating costs for the installation of system.

Providing a ‘Unique’ Service

For each of these technical functions, you can present to the marketplace a “unique” service. The service is not the same as everyone else.

Your inspection programs can be customized to the specific products or systems or even customer segments. Your maintenance programs should be designed to be specific and even unique to each customer. This is part of the advantage the customer has in working with your organization.

The installation should always be viewed as an opportunity to really “impress on the customer” they made the right choice in using you as their supplier. You should go over and above what is expected and really “delight” the customer. This is part of the overall differentiation strategy.

Your service organization should also reflect the professionalism of your company. No matter whether you have four or five technicians or 45, the organizational structure should be such that the customer can call in and be responded to quickly and consistently.

Customer service is all about consistency. You can’t be terrific one day and poor the next day. To deliver this type of consistent service, you need to have a clearly designed set of

job functions, and the right support structure and service organization to support the technicians.

Consistent service also requires the proper business system and communications systems, and clear performance standards and measures. Good service doesn’t just happen because we want it to be so. It’s planned and delivered.

As we said at the beginning, there is less differentiation among products. There are negligible differences in parts available.

But the difference the customer will notice most is from your service organization. Shouldn’t you make a difference with the “best” service organization in your sales areas?

I thought you would say that.

The time is now. WWJ

Find Business Tools in NGWA Bookstore The NGWA bookstore found on the National Ground Water Association’s Web site has a section dedicated to business management that is complete with books, tools, best suggested practices, and other materials that are designed to help you and your business.

There you will find the drilling cost calculator, pump installation cost calculator, and the geothermal cost calculator, tools that show you the true cost of doing business and how much to charge to earn the revenue you need. Also found are 15 best suggested practices, documents meant to detail practices that will yield superior results, as well as books on the groundwater business.

Go to www.NGWA.org/Bookstore for more information.

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Water Well Journal November 2013 67/

COMING

EVENTS

November 5–6/ American Water Summit 2013/ Washington, D.C. Web: www .americanwatersummit.com November 5–6/ Indiana Ground Water Association Convention/ Indianapolis, Indiana. Web:www.indianagroundwater .org/calendar_4.html November 7/ Solinst Canada Ltd. 2013 Symposium on High Resolution, DepthDiscrete Groundwater Monitoring–Benefits and Importance/ Georgetown, Ontario, Canada. Web: www.solinst.com/ Symposium/Symposium2013 November 7/ 2013 Ohio Water Well Association Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Columbus, Ohio. Web: www.ohiowaterwell.org November 7–8/ NGWA Pillars of Groundwater Innovation Conference/ Phoenix, Arizona. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org/ Pillars November 8–10/ Theis Conference/ Phoenix, Arizona. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org December 1–5/ 2013 Florida Section of the American Water Works Association Fall Conference/ ChampionsGate, Florida.

Web: https://m360.fsawwa.org/event .aspx?eventID=47884 December 3–6/ 2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting/ Nashville, Tennessee. PH: (800) 5517379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www .NGWA.org December 5/ Asset Management for Groundwater-Based Public Supply Systems short course/ Nashville, Tennessee. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org December 6/ Drilling Fundamentals for Hydrogeologists short course/ Nashville, Tennessee. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org December 6/ Groundwater Sampling and Environmental Monitoring short course/ Nashville, Tennessee. PH: (800) 5517379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

68/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

2014 January 7–8/ Louisiana Ground Water Association Convention and Trade Show/ Marksville, Louisiana. Web: www.lgwa .org/events.html January 8–10/ 2014 Wisconsin Ground Water Conference/ Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin. Web: www.wisconsinwaterwell .com/convention.html January 9–10/ Utah Ground Water Association Conference and Expo/ Mesquite, Nevada. Web: www.utahgroundwater.org January 9–11/ 2014 Colorado Water Well Contractors Association Annual Conference/ Denver, Colorado. Web: www.cwwca.org January 14–15/ Empire State Water Well Drillers Association Annual Meeting/ Rome, New York. Web: www.nywell driller.org January 14–16/ Oklahoma Ground Water Association Conference and Tradeshow/ Norman, Oklahoma. Web: www.okground water.org January 26–28/ 92nd Annual Minnesota Water Well Association Trade Show and Convention/ Alexandria, Minnesota. Web: www.mwwa.org/eweb/startpage.aspx January 29–30/ Idaho Ground Water Association 2014 Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Boise, Idaho. Web: www .igwa.info/index.html January 30–31/ Iowa Water Well Association 85th Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Coralville, Iowa. Web: www.iwwa .org February 5–7/ Montana Water Well Drillers Association 69th Annual Convention/ Billings, Montana. E-mail: contactus@mwwda.org February 6–7/ Mountain States Ground Water Expo/ Laughlin, Nevada. Web: www.mountainstatesgroundwater.com

February 24–25/ Michigan Ground Water Association 86th Annual Convention/ Acme, Michigan. Web: www.michigan groundwater.com February 24–26/ Missouri Water Well Association Annual Convention/ Lake Ozark, Missouri. Web: http:// missouriwaterwellassociation.com/Page_5 .html February 25–26/ NGWA Conference on Hydrology and Water Scarcity in the Rio Grande Basin/ Albuquerque, New Mexico.

PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org March 9–11/ 2014 South Dakota Well Drillers Association/North Dakota Well Drillers Association Convention/ Bismarck, North Dakota. Web: www.ndwda.com March 9–15/ National Groundwater Awareness Week/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org March 18–24/ WQA Aquatech USA/ Orlando, Florida. Web: http://s36.a2zinc .net/clients/WQA/WQA2014/public/enter .aspx March 20–22/ Tennessee Water Well Association Annual Meeting and Trade Show/ Gatlinburg, Tennessee. Web: http://tnwaterwellassociation.org March 28–29/ 2014 Pacific Northwest Ground Water Expo/ Portland, Oregon.

Web: www.pnwgwa.org May 4–7/ 2014 NGWA Groundwater Summit/ Denver, Colorado. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.groundwatersummit.org June 6–7/ Utah Ground Water Association Professional Education Day and Summer Retreat/ Moab, Utah. Web: www.utahgroundwater.org/meetinginfo .php?id=2&ts=1363279381

February 7/ South Carolina Ground Water Association Winter Meeting and Trade Show/ Columbia, South Carolina.

PH: (803) 356-6809

June 10–14/ Canwell 2014/ Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. Web: www .canwell2014.com

February 19–21/ Virginia Water Well Association Winter Conference/ Richmond, Virginia. PH: (804) 387-8395, E-mail: info@vawaterwellassociation.org

*Dates shown in red are National Ground Water Association events.

February 20–21/ Alaska Water Well Association Annual Convention/ Anchorage, Alaska. E-mail: denali@ak.net

*Dates shown with are events where the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation’s McEllhiney Lecture will be presented.

Lecture schedules are subject to change.

Check www.NGWA.org for the latest information.

waterwelljournal.com

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NEWSMAKERS PROMOTIONS Grundfos announced the promotion of Terry Teach to business development director for the North American region.

Formerly vice president of U.S. sales for domestic building services (DBS), Teach’s area of responsibility will now take in business development in Canada, Mexico, and the United States, and covers DBS, heating, ventilation, airconditioning original equipment manufacturer (HVAC OEM), and domestic groundwater.

Terry Teach ON THE MOVE Franklin Electric Co. Inc. announced the relocation to its new World Headquarters and Engineering Center of Excellence. The new facility is located in Fort Wayne, Indiana, near Fort Wayne International Airport. The new facility will serve as its corporate headquarters and expand its research, development, design, and testing capacity. The 118,800-square-foot building will house the company’s current headquarters staff of 245 employees, as well as allow for future growth. The ability to increase engineering and laboratory testing due to its state-of-the-art 24,000-square-foot testing lab will facilitate long-term product innovation and growth. In conjunction with more than 20 Franklin Electric products used to move and manage water within the building, the new site uses geothermal heating and cooling and incorporates aesthetic exterior water features to act as functional parts of the system.

Layne Christensen Co. announced it has moved into its new, permanent corporate headquarters in The Woodlands, Texas, a suburb of Houston. Rene Robichaud, CEO of Layne, said, “This move unifies our corporate and divisional leadership into one location, allowing us to enhance collaboration and innovation across divisional, functional, and geographic lines. Houston also enhances Layne’s access to some of the nation’s leading energy companies, an important benefit as we build our Energy Services Division to provide 70/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

total water management solutions for the oil and gas industry.”

Laval Underground Surveys, a global provider of underground camera and video systems, moved to a larger facility in Fresno, California, to accommodate the continuing growth and output of the company. Laval’s new facility is nearly three times the size of the current facility and consists of state-of-the-art capabilities for new production facilities, additional employees, and new product lines. The move coincides with the launch of the R-Cam 1000 XS, an enhanced video inspection system.

It includes a new high resolution camera and a new control unit package that incorporates an improved counter and overlay system.

GRAND OPENING WaterGroup, a global provider of water treatment solutions, announced the grand opening of its new world headquarters in September in Cambridge, Ontario. The state-of-the-art facility is designed to improve service throughout Canada and will be complemented in the west by the newly expanded operation in Calgary, Alberta.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT SJE-Rhombus, a manufacturer of innovative control solutions for water and wastewater applications, conducted training September 10-11 for 23 attendees representing a variety of distributors, installers, and manufacturer’s representative agencies at its manufacturing headquarters located in Detroit Lakes, Minnesota.

On-site control products including float switches, alarms, and control panels were the focus of the training event.

The course included a tour of the SJERhombus production facility.

CHARITY Grundfos, a global provider in advanced pump manufacturing with U.S. sales headquarters in Olathe, Kansas, in conjunction with the Kansas City Royals, hosted its second annual Kansas City Walk for Water and Water Awareness Night on September 18 at Kauffman Stadium. The event supports Water Missions International, a nonprofit engi-

neering organization that provides communities in the developing world with sustainable safe water solutions, many of which use Grundfos’ solar- or windpowered water pumping technology.

AWARDS Highlighting the company’s commitment to safety, wellness, and community as well as its emphasis on employee engagement and recognition, the Atlanta Business Chronicle named Southwire Co. one of the Best Places to Work in Atlanta, Georgia. This is the seventh time Southwire, which ranked 10th, has been included among the city’s top employers.

Atlas Copco was listed among the world’s 100 most innovative companies

by Forbes magazine for the third year in a row. Atlas Copco was named number 94 among its top 100 most innovative companies, based on the company’s market capitalization when compared to anticipated cash flows. According to the magazine, this calculation serves as an indicator of the expected return on investment in coming years as a result of the company’s current innovations.

IN

MEMORIAM/

Ron McAfee, CWD/PI, CSP-II, owner of The Water Mechanic in Clover, South Carolina, passed away on September 19. He was 57. McAfee became an active member of the National Ground Water Association following participation in the first NGWA Certification Conclave in December 2002. He served on the Professional Designations Oversight Subcommittee, the Best Suggested Practices for Water Well Systems Inspection task group, and as a task group member for the draft Groundwater Industry Personnel standard.

“Commitment from Ron was always nothing less than 100 percent,” says NGWA Director of Professional Development Kathy Butcher, CMP. “He was always willing to learn new things, explore and evaluate new ideas, and share his knowledge and talents with others.” waterwelljournal.com

YOU DONâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;T NEED TO GO IT ALONE. JOIN NGWA TODAY! Joining NGWA is like adding the expertise of thousands to your staff. s Make running your business easier and increase profits with resources such as cost calculators for drilling, geothermal, and pump installation; business management articles; and industry best suggested practices ranging from reducing problematic concentrations of microorganisms in residential well systems to residential well cleaning. s Increase your knowledge and skillsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;at reduced ratesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;with educational offerings ranging from online Webinars to the annual NGWA Groundwater Expo, bookstore purchases, and more. s Connect with thousands of other groundwater industry professionals around the world through the NGWA Community site where you can get answers to your questions, share your knowledge, and work to promote the importance of groundwater.

www.NGWA.org/membership s Circle card no. 36

NEWSMAKERS NEW ADDITIONS Norwest Corp. announced the appointment of Kurt Kost to the position of senior vice president.

In this role, Kost will assist in delivering and expanding Norwest’s offerings and provide executive oversight for the environmental, water resources, and Kurt Kost field services area for Norwest’s U.S. operations. He has more than 34 years in the mining industry.

His expertise includes coal operations and engineering; safety and process management related to operational and maintenance improvements; deploying technology in practical field applications; post-merger organization design and implementation; and executive management and leadership. Most recently, Kost served as president of Alpha Natural Resources. During this tenure, he successfully merged three organizations into one company with Alpha’s acquisition of Foundation Coal in 2009 and Massey Energy in 2011.

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Steve Godard has also joined Norwest Corp. as manager of Water Resources Services.

Godard has more than 30 years of project and managerial experience within the geoscience and civil engineering, oil and gas, and environmental sectors. Go- Steve Godard dard returned to the United States from Brisbane, Australia, where he worked as a principal services manager for RPS Aquaterra, responsible for oversight and management of RPS’ Queensland Waters Services.

Grundfos has moved Barry Nauss and Jackie Sharrock to new leadership roles, reporting to Dennis Wierzbicki, president of Grundfos USA. Nauss, formerly regional sales manager for DBS OEM, will be promoted to director of sales for the HVAC OEM team.

Sharrock, formerly regional sales manager for DBS, will become director of sales for DBS Trade. Grundfos’ four current DBS regional sales managers, as well as a number of key account man-

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agement roles, will report to Sharrock.

BUSINESS GROWTH Geomechanics, part of South Africa– based GeoGroup, announced acquisition of a track-mounted drill rig that is manufactured by the Sonic Drill Corp.

Geomechanics’ new SDC-450 rig can provide continuous core samples. Geomechanics currently has more than 60 drill rigs in its fleet at its 13,100-squarefoot in-house engineering workshop.

To promote its brand among the water community and collaborate with partners across all business sectors, Grundfos has leased an office in Milwaukee’s Global Water Center, a sevenstory former warehouse designed to house water-related technology development facilities for universities, established businesses, and start-ups.

The center’s opening ceremony took place on September 12.On-site control products including float switches, alarms, and control panels were the focus of the training event. The course included a tour of the SJE-Rhombus production facility.

waterwelljournal.com

TUBULAR PRODUCTS and THREADING SERVICES Threaded Pipe - Flanged Pump Column - Couplings - Accessories - Precision API Threads The L.B. Foster team can meet your agricultural, municipal and industrial waterwell needs with quality tubular products and exceptional service. Our innovative plant uses advanced technology threading equipment to meet precise customer specifications and expedite deliveries nationwide from our convenient Houston area location.

lbfoster.com

800.355.5360

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FEATURED

PRODUCTS

Solinst Model 101 P7 Water Level Meter Shows Durability The Solinst Model 101 P7 Water Level Meter features a submersible probe and durable PVDF flat tape.

The flat tape has accurate laser markings every 1/100 feet or each millimeter, certified traceable to national standards.

The thick dog bone design reduces adherence to the sides of well casing.

The tape has increased tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and electrical efficiencyâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;making it robust in a wide range of environmental settings.

The P7 probe is engineered to allow submersion to 1000 feet, ideal for depth to water, as well as total well depth measurements. The sensor at the tip of the probe provides consistent measurements in wells, boreholes, tanks, and even cascading water, with almost zero

displacement. A single 9V battery powers the meter.

Also available is the Model 101 Water Level Meter with P2 probe and heat-embossed polyethylene tape and the Model 102 Level Meter with narrow coaxial cable.

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Lifewater Drilling Technologyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Well Drilling Rig Is Built for Affordability, Portability After four years of research, development, trial and error, Lifewater Drilling Technology and the LDT 360 cable tool well drilling rig were created.

The rig was unveiled at the 2012 NGWAÂŽ Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting.

Convention attendees, comprising more than 3000 well drillers, were awed by the LDT 360â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s size of just 7 feet 6 inches wide by 10 feet long for shipping. Priced at about $60,000, the LDT 360 is almost one-tenth the cost of a conventional rotary drill rig, opening the

door for many small economic enterprises. The LDT 360 can drill up to 10-inchdiameter holes to a depth of more than 300 feet.

This innovative drill can penetrate rock.

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Franklin Control Systems Produces Pump Motor Control Product Integrated Tru-Power sensing from Franklin Control Systems protects pumps from dry pump, dead head, burnout, and jammed impeller conditions. Comprehensive wide range electronic

Support the NGWREF Fundraising Auction #!2% s 0!24)#)0!4% s )-0!#4 Show you care! Participate in this yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s NGWREF Fundraising Auction and impact folks the world-around.

NGWREF Fundraising Auction Wednesday, December 4, 6-7 p.m.

2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo in Nashville, Tennessee www.GroundwaterExpo.com/Auction s

Operated by NGWA, NGWREF is a 501(c)(3) public foundation focused on conducting educational, research, and other charitable activities related to a broader public understanding of groundwater.

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FEATURED motor protection includes over/under voltage and ground fault detection.

Advanced I/O for remote operation and HMI with LCD display allows for programming of protective functions and quick viewing of faults. Optional fault logging with date and time stamping allows for recording up to 100 events.

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Bladder Pumps for Sampling from Solinst Meet Guidelines of Regulators Worldwide

worldwide. 1.66-inch and 1-inchdiameter pumps are excellent for regular flow or low-flow sampling, with rates from 0.5 gpm to 0.03 gpm or less, using a Solinst Model 464 Control Unit.

Bladder pumps are effective at any angle, to depths of 500 feet below grade for stainless steel versions, and 100 feet for PVC. Pumps are rugged and long lasting. Standard bladders are durable and ideal for dedication. Disposable polyethylene bladders are also available for short-term applications and help avoid cross-contamination. Portable pumps come with tubing on a freestanding reel, while dedicated versions come with tubing and well caps ideal for longterm monitoring.

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PRODUCTS

required to use the probe. The iSitu App guides technicians through sampling setup, calibrations, and data collection.

Well, pumping, and site information can be stored on an iOS device for subsequent events.

Site data includes GPS and photo tags.

Technicians can e-mail results from the field and log results to a smartphone. After stabilization of water quality parameters, users can export a low-flow report as a PDF or export a data log. It is available for rent or purchase.

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Available in 316 stainless steel or PVC, Solinst Bladder Pumps allow representative groundwater samples in all types of applications. Ensuring no air or water contact during operation, they provide high integrity VOC sampling, meeting the guidelines of regulators

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

In-Situ Announces New Groundwater Sampling System with Smartphone App In-Situ Inc. has introduced the smarTROLL Groundwater Sampling System with the smarTROLL Multiparameter Handheld and iSitu Smartphone Application. No training time is

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Ashland Provides Effective Recipe for Bentonite-Based Drilling Fluids Add water and let AquaVIS ETD water-soluble polymers from Ashland Specialty Ingredients add thickness and strength to your bentonite-based drilling

Water Well Journal November 2013 75/

FEATURED

PRODUCTS

fluid. AquaVIS ETD powders disperse fully and rapidly in aqueous solutions, yielding structurally sound muds and improved process efficiencies. They work efficiently and effectively with virtually any type of mixing equipment, which means small concentrations yield big results.

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Ergodyne Announces Gel Knee Pad Updates and Additions Ergodyne announced a major refresh of their ProFlex Gel Knee Pad Series as well as the addition of two new models: the ProFlex 344 Broad Cap Injected Gel Knee Pad with Articulating Straps and the ProFlex 349 Broad Cap Lightweight Gel Knee Pad.

Ideal for any and all kneeling workers, especially those who move around frequently on their knees, select models are available through the end of the year at all authorized Ergodyne distributors.

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WaterSignal Introduces Wireless System to Monitor Water Usage in Real Time To help building owners, managers, and engineers detect water spikes related to potential catastrophic leaks, WaterSignal introduces the first wireless system that continuously monitors water usage in real time. Using breakthrough technology, a self-contained, nonintrusive monitor listens to the pulse of the

water meter, and real-time data is sent wirelessly to a Web site portal to view the property’s water consumption by the month, day, or hour.

If a major leak occurs, much like an energy surge popping a circuit breaker, the device alerts the manager or engineer that a water spike above the preset limit has occurred. The alert can be sent to both a computer and a smartphone for the manager to act upon and can be customized for business hours as well as after hours and weekends. The system can help reduce a building’s water bill by 14% on average. WaterSignal has tested the monitoring device for more than four years in multi-housing complexes, commercial office buildings, and school systems.

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TONEY DRILLING SUPPLIES, INC. Miami, FL (800) 432-6193 Orlando, FL (888) 327-2844 International (800) 432-6193

Ditch Witch Utility Tractor Is Designed to Handle Demanding Ground Conditions

www.toneydrilling.com The “Tiger Sales Team” is ready to serve you. * Drilling Consultant Services Available * New and Used Equipment * Engineering – Soil Sampling – Core Drilling Machines and Supplies

* Distributors of: – Drilling Mud – Cable and Rotary Equipment – Bits in all sizes 76/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

The Ditch Witch organization introduces the RT120 Quad, a utility tractor with the power, heavy-duty frame, and traction necessary for long installations of large-diameter pipe on the most challenging job sites. The sturdy Ditch Witch RT120 Quad is built around a heavy-duty undercarriage designed to withstand punishing ground conditions and provide years of reliable service.

The machine rides on a robust Quad Track System that provides stability and traction.

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waterwelljournal.com

FEATURED Big Beaver Auger Drill Rig Tackles Tough Projects in Locations The most powerful offering in Little Beaver’s full line of earth drilling equipment, the Big Beaver Auger Drill Rig, offers 2500 pounds of lifting capacity and the ability to turn augers up to 18 inches in diameter. Constructed with a welded mechanical steel frame, the Big Beaver is rugged and durable, and ideal for a variety of applications including soil sampling, foundation repair, and drilling environmental test wells. Additionally, the portable, easily maneuverable design enables it to work in remote locations and those inaccessible to truck-mounted units.

Available in two models, the Big Beaver and Big Beaver XL, the hydraulically powered units may be specified to produce a range of maximum drilling torques from 690 to 170 footpounds and auger speeds from 114 to 547 rpm, respectively, when provided up to 12 gpm and 3000 psi. Both models have been designed to work with Little Beaver’s D-series augers, which range in diameter from 4 to 18 inches. Auger extensions enable drilling depths up to 32 feet with a 16-inch auger and 100 feet with a 6-inch auger, depending on soil conditions.

Yaskawa’s Smart Harmonics Technology reduces input total harmonic distortion (THD) to less than 2.5% without filters, which exceeds the requirements of IEEE519-1992 by almost 50%. This technology also provides galvanic isolation between power input and output.

The MV1000 uses two 5 voltage step bridges per phase to generate a high quality 17-level line-to-line voltage output delivered to the motor. The near sinusoidal waveform results in low THD voltage, low torque ripple, and excellent low speed torque, all motor-friendly features, again without the need for output filters.

PRODUCTS

Several motor control modes are available to fit a wide range of applications: open loop vector for smooth acceleration from low speed without an encoder, closed loop vector for demanding high performance applications, and synchronous motor control for retrofits to existing installations.

The MV1000 also features a compact modular design that facilitates transportation, installation, and maintenance.

The design includes a transformer panel, power cell panel, control section, and cooling fans resulting in an industryleading MTBF (mean time between failure) greater than 200,000 hours. An optional, integrated input switchgear panel is also available with all UL/CSA recognized components.

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If you have a product that you would like considered, send a release to Mike Price, Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. E-mail: mprice@ngwa.org.

BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING SYSTEMS For Ground Water Applications *Aquifer Properties* *Screen Location*

*Deviation* *Video*

*Flow* *ELog*

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Yaskawa Releases MV1000 Medium Voltage AC Drive The Drives & Motion Division of Yaskawa America announces the release of the MV1000 medium voltage AC drive family. Designed for energy savings and improved process control, MV1000 drives combine compact modular design, high efficiency, low harmonics, and industry-leading MTBF into a medium voltage drive solution that is compatible with Yaskawa’s 1000 series low voltage AC drive products.

MATRIX PORTABLE GROUND WATER LOGGER

st

Mount Sopris Instruments, 4975 E. 41 Ave., Denver, CO 80216 ph: 303.279.3211 fx: 303.279.2730 www.mountsopris.com Circle card no. 32

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal November 2013 77/

JOURNAL

2013

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

is looking . . . . . . for a few good pictures!

Do you have any high-quality color photos that depict water well or pump work? Photos of any step in the design and installation of a water system are welcomed.

The selected photos will appear on the covers of upcoming issues of WWJ. Look through your files and mail in your best photos today!

Name ____________________________________________________________________________ Company name ____________________________________________________________________ Address __________________________________________________________________________ City, State, Zip ______________________________________________________________________ Phone __________________________________________ Fax ______________________________ E-mail ______________________________ Enclosed you’ll find ______ photos for Water Well Journal. I understand that these photos become the property of the Water Well Journal, and will not be returned. If any photo is selected for use on a WWJ cover, I further understand that I will be paid $250 and my photo credit will appear on the issue’s contents page.

Signed ______________________________________________________ Date ________________ Instructions: Mail to WWJ Photos, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081-8978.

Please enclose glossy prints, slides, or send high-resolution digital photos to tplumley@ngwa.org.

Please include a description of the activity taking place in the photo.

®

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5 Auctions Hattan Irrigation Inc. Complete Liquidation Auction Hamilton Co. Fairgrounds, Aurora, Nebraska Thursday, November 21, 2013 9:30 a.m.

Jack has retired and we will be selling all well drilling truck, equipment, tools, and more at public auction.

Complete details and pictures at www.cornwellauction.com or call us for a sale flyer.

Cornwell Inc. Land & Home Brokers - Auctioneers 1-800-909-3894

Get Safety Resources Online You can never be too safe, so take advantage of safety resources online.

Go to the Web site of the National Ground Water Association and check out the resources it has available at www.NGWA.org/ProfessionalResources/safety/pages.

Also while you’re at the Web site, make sure to check out NGWA Press’ newest safety item, Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry, a set of 52 sheets that provide information so companies can hold weekly safety meetings on topics specific to their industry.

Water Well Journal November 2013 79/

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22 Business Opportunities

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A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Don’t Miss the December 2013 Issue Make sure to look soon for your final Water Well Journal of 2013!

The December issue focuses on the state of the groundwater industry and there will be a feature story interviewing contractors from around the country on what they are seeing and facing every day.

There will also be articles on safety with flooded wells as well as selecting an antifreeze for geothermal system protection.

Along with regular columns and departments, it is an issue you don’t want to miss!

WELL DEVELOPMENT: AirBurst Technology, LLC is seeking qualified individuals or businesses to partner with ABT, in select areas of the country, to represent ABT and perform AirBurst well development services. Target customers are drillers and pump installers, municipalities, industry, irrigators and livestock farmers. Applicants must have an ongoing related water well industry business or previous experience, have an excellent working knowledge of water wells, have existing relationships with drillers and pump installers. A small investment is required. AirBurst will provide equipment and maintain ownership of equipment. Training will be provided at your USA site at minimal cost. Please visit our website at www.airbursttech.com and complete the AirBurst Partner Form at “contact us”.

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY: Complete drilling and service company for sale. 48 years of established customers and still growing in western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming. 2 drilling rigs with all support equipment. Shop and house also available.

List of equipment is available upon request.

Serious inquiries only. Call (308) 436-2584 or (308) 631-0092.

60 Down Hole Inspection Water Well Inspection Systems

57 Direct Push Supplies Portable, truck or trailermounted Retrofit your existing vehicle New Zoom feature for 2013 360° side wall viewing color cameras Inspection depths up to 5,000 feet

(&7 Manufacturer of Pre-Pack Screens 4” ID Pre-Pack NOW AVAILABLE Standard Pre-Pack When You Would Set A Traditional Well Economy Pre-Pack When Cost Is A Factor 20% Open Area High Yield Pre-Pack For Use In Low Yield Wells All Stainless Steel Pre-Pack For Aggressive Groundwater Environments Non-Metal Pre-Pack When Metal Components Are Not Compatible Annular Seals Foam Bridges, Bentonite & Quick-Sleeves CUSTOM INJECTION Pre-Packs

Contact us at: Toll Free: (800) 671-0383 (559) 291-0383 ext.111 Fax: (559) 291-0463 Email: jim.lozano@ariesindustries.com Or visit us at: www.ariesindustries.com

***A Johnson Screens Distributor*** **We Stock Geoprobe® Compatible Supplies & Tooling** *Proactive® Pumps Master Distributor*

Toll Free 1-888-240-4328 Phone: 1-609-631-8939 Fax: 1-609-631-0993 ectmfg.com proactivepumps.com torquerplug.com

Put your company’s message here!

Classified advertising is a great way to reach the water well industry.

Call Shelby to make arrangements at 1-800-551-7379 ext 523.

80/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

75 Electric Motors EQUIPMENT WANTED: Electric motors wanted. Vertical hollow shaft pump motors. 20 to 500 hp good or bad, will pick up.

PH: (800) 541-1562.

See what you’re missing . . .

waterwelljournal.com

71 Drilling Equipment

76 Elevators J & K To o l C o m p a n y I n c .

Kwik Klamps 1 & 2 (adjustable 1 –2 or 21⁄2 – 4 ) NEW – Kwik Klamp 3 (for 6 PVC) Elevators for PVC well casing (sizes 1 –16 ) Heavy Duty PVC Elevators (sizes 4 –8 ) Flush Joint PVC Pipe Clamps (sizes 4 –24 ) www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

1 – 16 Elevators All steel with safety latch.

Standard Manufacturing

Largest water well pipe elevator manufacturing company in the United States.

Phone:

(936) 336-6200 (800) 337-0163 Fax: (936) 336-6212 E-Mail: StandardManufacturing @yahoo.com Web site: www.standardmfg.com

SEMCO of Lamar 800-541-1562 Fax 719-336-2402

Credit Cards Accepted

Dealers Wanted

SkyRex Water Well Elevators 2 thru 36 Also lightweight PVC elevators Now Available!

“Complete Reverse Circulation Drill Strings”

Rex McFadden 7931 19th Lubbock, TX 70407

Ph (806) 791-3731 Fax (806) 791-3755 www.rexmcfadden.com

80 Employment Driller/Drilling Crew

For temporary hire With or without drill rig Willing to travel 30+ years experience 484-225-8729 610-791-9500

Rig transportation also available.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

HELP WANTED: Regional sales manager.

Midwest territory. 50% travel. Requirements: 5+ years experience. Education: BA or equivalent. Medical, life, 401k.

Send resume to HR@hydroflopumps.com.

Didn’t find what you were looking for?

Try NGWA’s Career Center at www.careers.ngwa.org for more opportunities. Whether you are looking for the right job or the right employee, the NGWA Career Center can provide you with an industry-specific listing to hone your search. Questions? Call Rachel at 800 551.7379, ext 504, or e-mail rjones@ngwa.org.

Water Well Journal November 2013 81/

90 Equipment

105 Injection Pumps New Low Prices

Low yield well?

Get more water without overpumping.

/ 8 7

www.wellmanager.com â&#x153;&#x201D; Use on wells yielding as little as 0.10 gpm. â&#x153;&#x201D; Turn-key collection and delivery system. â&#x153;&#x201D; Fits through 24â&#x20AC;? doors. â&#x153;&#x201D; Good money from bad wells.

For more information, log-on or call 800-211-8070. Š Reid Plumbing Products, LLC

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Classified Advertising Rates

Well Manager Classified Display Ad Line Classified Ads â&#x20AC;&#x153;Overpumpingâ&#x20AC;?Display Classified Ads (21â &#x201E;4 columnâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;approx. 39 letters Water Well Single Journalcolumn 21â &#x201E;4 inches wide ORx 2â&#x20AC;? and spaces per line): B&W 2 col 4.25â&#x20AC;?

1-2-12Double column 411â &#x201E;16 inches wide $8 per line, $32 minimum 1570 WM (per column inch â&#x20AC;&#x201C; min. depth (4 lines) A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

2 column inches): 1 month: $60 per inch 3 months: $58 per inch 6 months: $55 per inch 12 months: $49 per inch

There is no discount for multiple runs.

No new equipment advertising accepted in line advertisements.

To place a classified advertisement in Water Well Journal, please send ad text to Shelby Fleck by e-mail at sfleck@ngwa.org or fax to 614 898.7786. Upon receipt, you will be contacted and provided a quote. Thank you!

180 Water Trucks Specializing in quality custom built epoxy coated Flattanks any gallon or tank length sizes with or without material handling IMT cranes.

All tanks are sandblasted and painted with polyurethane paint.

Many options available.

Engineered for convenience and durability, allows the user to operate at any type of drilling operation. Our drill site Flattanks support trucks are built with simplicity and functionality. Call us for our used truck â&#x20AC;&#x201C; new tank inventory list.

NORTHWEST FLATTANKS Steve Wipf (406) 466-2146 E-mail: steve@northwestflattanks.com

82/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

!!"#$ %&'!!"( #) #! * +&'!!"( #) !$)# *, -* ,.

106 Installation Accessories Heat Shrink from B&B Wholesale "We are the heat shrink people" - Heat shrink kits for #14 to 4/0 wire - Volume pricing - Custom kits made to order - Private labeling available - Quick shipping - Four types of heat shrink tubing in stock - Large selection of installation accessories including pressure gauges, tapes, valves and tank ďŹ ttings packages Supplying "Made in USA" heat shrink tubing to pump and well installers since 1994.

800-593-9403

Add a color to your display classified ad for only $49.

Please call Shelby to make arrangements 1-800-551-7379 ext. 523

Cell (406) 544-5914 www.northwestflattanks.com

waterwelljournal.com

115 Mud Pumps Hydraulic drive mud pumps —small and lightweight—

71/2 10 duplex pump • Fits in the place of a 5 6 • Pumps 300 GPM at up to 800 PSI • Weighs 1000 lbs. less than a 5 6 • Single and three cylinder models also available

Centerline Manufacturing U.S Pat. #6,769,884 and others pending

903-725-6978

www.centerlinemanufacturing.com

128 Pump Pullers TRACTION MOBILITY PERFORMANCE AND PREFERRED

PUL-A-PUMP DO THE WORK

LET

973-697-2008 P.O. Box 155, Stockholm, NJ 07460 www.pulapump.com

PUL-A-PUMP CORPORATION

137 Services REPAIRS: Eastman deviation survey clocks (mechanical drift indicators) repaired. We also have three, six, and twelve degree angle units, charts, and other accessories in stock. Call Downhole Clock Repair, (325) 660-2184.

ABCC Drilling LLC is ready and willing to help our drilling industry brothers. Crews available for hire with or w/o drill rig. Call (610) 791-9500 or visit our web site: www.abccdrilling.com 860-651-3141

fax 860-658-4288

139 Slotting Machines J & K To o l C o m p a n y

PVC Screen Slotting Machines

PVC Threading Machines

Perforating Machines Affordable, easy to operate automated machines with touch screen programming.

www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Did you know?

Water Well Journal classified advertisements appear online (at no additional cost) each month at www.waterwelljournal.com.

Check it out!

Water Well Journal November 2013 83/

125 Pump Hoists 2013 Ford Trucks Available

S4,000 Pump Hoist, 8,000# cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,245

S6,000 Pump Hoist, 16,000# 3L cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $16,445

S8,000 Pump Hoist, 22,000# 3L cap., 36 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 7T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $20,845

S10,000 Pump Hoist, 30,000# 3L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 9T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $28,545 S12,000 Pump Hoist, 48,000# 4L cap., 44 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 11T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,945

S15,000 Pump Hoist, 60,000# 4L cap., 48 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $40,645

S20,000 Pump Hoist, 80,000# 4L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $53,845 S25,000 Pump Hoist, 100,000# 4L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro control and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $61,545

S30,000 Pump Hoist, 120,000# 4L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro control and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $76,945

Equipment in Stock

5T Smeal, PR, bed, toolboxes, 2004 Ford F-650, Cummins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $34,950 S6,000, 44 , 2 spd, 16,000# cap., RC, 2-PR, 11 bed, rec. hitch, toolbox, w/2008 Dodge 4500, diesel, auto., 4 4, truck . . . . $48,950

S6,000, 35 , 16,000# cap., 2 spd., RC, sandreel, oil cooler, deck engine, 2-96 boxes, 2-PR, 11 bed, 2011 Ford F-350 gas, auto., 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $59,410

FOR SALE: 3T Smeal, 2001 F550, 6 spd., 7.3, 4 4, utility box, 84 - CA $22,500. Call (800) 288-9355.

FOR SALE: 2003 Ford F-550 diesel 4 4, 11 utility bed, 82K mi. w/Cyclone F-40 Hoist w/spudder. Very good condition. $30,000. Call (812) 882-8053 or ryan@ hackerplumbing.com.

178 Water Treatment

S8,000H SEMCO, 36 , 2 spd., RC, 2-PR, aux., SB w/platform, w/1998 International 4700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $48,950

S15,000H SEMCO, 48 , AS PTO, 2000 cap., SR, aux., 2 spd., oil cooler, power arm, light kit, 16 bed, toolboxes, 2008 Freightliner, Cummins, 6 spd. . . . . . . . . . . $96,276 S25,000 SEMCO, 48 , AS PTO, BO, SR, oil cooler, 2 spd., PT hookup, aux., power arm, light kit, 16 bed, toolboxes, 2005 Sterling Acterra, Cat C7, 6 spd. manual, AB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $115,802

SEMCO Inc.

P.O. Box 1216 7595 U.S. Highway 50 Lamar, CO 81052 (719) 336-9006 / (800) 541-1562 Fax (719) 336-2402 semcopumphoist@yahoo.com www.SEMCOoflamar.com See our ad on page 41.

129 Pumps Stop dry start problems with

Vesconite Hilube

bushingsG Can run dry

G G G G G

G Increase MTBR Low friction No swell G Avoid shaft Increase MTBR seizures Reduce electricity Quick supply

Tollfree 1-866-635-7596 vesconite@vesconite.com www.vesconite.com

84/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

DEPENDABLE WATER...WHEREVER YOU ARE

Reliant Solar/Electric Water Pumpâ&#x201E;˘

Rugged, Simple, Affordable

www.artisanpumpco.com

Put your companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s message here!

Classified advertising is a great way to reach the water well industry.

Call Shelby to make arrangements at 1-800-551-7379 ext 523. waterwelljournal.com

135 Rigs !! ??? ;15+7,:144 +75 ?I\MZ ?MTT /MW\PMZUIT /MW\MKPVQKIT -V^QZWVUMV\IT 8ZWJQVO 6M_ ,ZQTT[ =[ML ,ZQTT[

1996 Driltech D25, Rig #732016, 1996 L8000 Ford, 840 350 air, Cat 3406C engine, 400 4½ 20 drill rod. $165,000 USD. Call Jeff at (615) 804-6767.

DRILLING EQUIPMENT

3$576 6$/(6 6(59,&( 1(: 86(' 5(%8,/7 Â&#x2021; 5RWDU\ +HDGV Â&#x2021; $LU &RPSUHVVRUV Â&#x2021; *HDUER[HV Â&#x2021; 6ZLYHOV

New condition, completely restored and rebuilt 1974 Super George SG-48 mounted on a 1975 International Harvester truck, Tandem axle with 35,000 original miles.

Brand new. $112,000 O.B.O. Call Rick.

1-305-910-4758 Cell. Or rickbluewater @gmail.com. Miami, Florida. U.S.A. FOR SALE: Reverse circulation/bucket rig. 2007 Gus Pech on Freightliner. 300 new 8 reverse tools 30 bit, 20 rods, air lift circ. 100 , 4 scope with 30 bucket. Diesel up and down, Hi torque, 4 jacks, hose winder, derrick push out, good machine 400K. More tools available, will seperate.

Call Gary Sisk (816) 517-4531.

2001 Foremost DR24, 10,200 hrs., Sterling LT9500, 475hp Cat, 950/350 air, ready to work. $550,000 negotiable. Call Richard Simpson (876) 968-2934.

Drill Faster, Cheaper, Smarter. www.sonic-drill.com

Â&#x2021; QRODQGGULOOLQJ FRP Â&#x2021; QRODQGGULOO#QRODQG FRP

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

SONIC DRILL CORPORATION Suite 190, 119 N. Commercial St, Bellingham, WA 98225 1.604.792.2000 (ext 104) or 1.604.306.3135

ABCC Drilling LLC is ready and willing to help our drilling industry brothers. Crews available for hire with or w/o drill rig. Call (610) 791-9500 or visit our web site: www.abccdrilling.com

Water Well Journal November 2013 85/

176 Water Level Measurement

Ground Water Monitoring Instrumentation Geokon, Inc. manufactures high quality hydrological instrumentation suitable for a variety of ground water monitoring applications.

Phone: 760-384-1085

Geokon instruments utilize vibrating wire technology providing measurable advantages and proven long-term stability.

Fax: 760-384-0044

The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology

Enid Drill Systems Inc www.eniddrill.com Enid Drill Systems Inc

Waterline Envirotech

580-234-5971 www.eniddrill.com Fax 580-234-5980 580-234-5971 Fax 580-234-5980

4510 E Market, Enid, OK 4510 E Market, 73701 Enid, OK USA 73701 USA

1 • 603 • 448 • 1562 1 • 603 • 448 • 3216 info@geokon.com www.geokon.com

Geokon, Incorporated 48 Spencer Street Lebanon, New Hampshire 03766 | USA

133 Rig Parts

TM

Water level indicators made in the USA for over 30 years.

360-676-9635

x New rigs—custom designs x x New rigs—custom designs Quality rig repair service x x Quality rigused repair service needs New and equipment

www.waterlineusa.com

x x New and used equipment needs “Transfer of Technology” - the x “Transfer Technology” - the must haveofbook for all drillers! must have book for all drillers!

160 Trucks 30-Freightliner Trucks 6 6, 60 Series Detroit, HT740, Allison Trans., Rockwell Axle, 68KGVW, 315/80 R22.5 Michelin, Low Miles SEMCO, Inc. Phone (800) 541-1562

86/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

186 Well Screens Stainless Steel Carbon Steel Galvanized Steel Wedge-Wire

Well Screens

Slotted Pipe

18102 East Hardy Road Houston, Texas 77073 USA Phone: 281.233.0214; Fax: 281.233.0487

Toll-free: 800.577.5068 info@alloyscreenworks.com www.alloyscreenworks.com

waterwelljournal.com

184 Well Packers

185 Well Rehab

Packers

You can

& Replacement Elements for

Water Well Hydro-Fracturing Durable & fast deflating - so you can get on with the next frac!

4.33â&#x20AC;? OD and 4.75â&#x20AC;? OD standard Custom sizes on request Visit our website for our full line of downhole tools

1-406-446-9940

duraFRAC@inflatable-packers.com

Inflatable Packers International, LLC

get rid of

Iron bacteria!

One time . . . every time . .

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long term!

Others may fail - we donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t! #888-437-6426 www,designwater.com email: info@designwater.com

get rid of get rid of

coliform!

Call or email us with all your Packer questions!!

Toll-Free: 1-888-572-2537 Email: info@QSPPackers.com Fax #: 253-770-0327 Web: www.QSPPackers.com

rm

Environmental, Bridge Plugs. Custom Sizes and Fabrication available i MECHANICAL PACKERS - Freeze Plugs, Custom Applications

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Co

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for De-chlorinating Sterilene

Prompt Shipping in the US & Internationallyâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Usually in just One Day!!

Applications Include: +\GURORJLFDO 7HVWLQJ Â&#x2021; ,QMHFWLRQ :LWKGUDZDO Â&#x2021; 6WDQGDUG &XVWRP 6L]HV 0DWHULDOV :DWHU 0LQLQJ (QYLURQPHQWDO Â&#x2021; *URXWLQJ 6DPSOLQJ *HRWHFKQLFDO +\GURIUDFWXULQJ Â&#x2021; 5HFLUFXODWLRQ :HOOV Â&#x2021; 6WHDP ,QMHFWLRQ Â&#x2021; 5HOLQH &DVLQJ To discuss your questions and applications, call

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by

#888-437-6426 www,designwater.com Check our web site for Distributors

Water Well Journal November 2013 87/

185 Well Rehab

184 Well Packers • CUSTOM BUILT PACKERS

FOR ANY APPLICATION

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INFLATABLE WELL PACKERS 1-800-452-4902 • www.lansas.com Manufactured by Vanderlans & Sons 1320 S. Sacramento St. • Lodi, CA 95240 • 209-334-4115 • Fax 209-339-8260

Most effective way to develop any well Produces more water, less color and turbidity Only the surge block method “back washes” the well screen, removing clay bridge, sands and silts Flexible wiper creates suction and pulls water into the screen (not available with other methods) Constructed of inert long-lasting materials Capable of lifting water over 50 feet Removable ball valve prevents water from flowing back into well and will not clog with sediments Fast, effective and saves time and money

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186 Well Screens

184 Well Packers

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●

88/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

Fuel Sensor Strip

waterwelljournal.com

Circle card no. 1

NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting December 3-6, 2013 s Nashville, Tennessee s USA FEES/OPTIONS (U.S. FUNDS)

COMPANY INFORMATION

Beginning November 9

Expo registration fees

Company name Mailing address City

State/Province

Country

Zip/Postal Code

Telephone

Fax

PRIMARY MEMBERSHIP DIVISION ___ Water well contractor/ pump installer ___ Scientist/engineer/hydrologist ___ Supplier/distributor/wholesaler

(please mark one) ___ Manufacturer representative ___ Manufacturer (nonexhibiting) ___ Student (school name and ID#) _______________________

A. NGWA member/B. spouse (fee per person) A. Nonmember/B. spouse (fee per person) C. Student—full-time (ID required) D. Manufacturer (nonexhibiting) First registrant D. Manufacturer (nonexhibiting) Additional registrant E. Child (17 and under)

NGWA membership #

$150

$250

$275

$375

$35 $1,200

$55 $1,200

$300

$300

Free

Free

$20 $20

$20 $20

Free Free Free

n/a n/a n/a

Special workshops F. Hydrogeologic Logging and Lab G. Water Systems Primer and Refresher

Exhibit hall “field trips” (choose only one) H. Grouting and drilling fluids I. Instruments and sensors J. Water treatment

REGISTRANT 1

On or before November 8

Though free, you must indicate your interest to participate in the exhibit hall field trips on or before November 8, 2013.

NAME AS IT SHOULD APPEAR ON BADGE

Optional events E-mail Circle registration option(s): A B C D E F G H I J K L M 1 2 3 4

REGISTRANT 1 TOTAL FEES: _________________________________

Nashville Honky-Tonkin’!

K. NGWA member L. Nonmember

$30 $40

$40 $50

M. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Tour

$65

n/a

REGISTRANT 2

Optional Friday short courses independent of Expo NGWA membership # NAME AS IT SHOULD APPEAR ON BADGE E-mail Circle registration option(s): A B C D E F G H I J K L M 1 2 3 4

REGISTRANT 2 TOTAL FEES: _________________________________

Drilling Fundaments for Hydrogeologists (#374) 1. NGWA member $420 2. Nonmember $570 Groundwater Sampling and Environmental Monitoring (#297) 3. NGWA member $420 4. Nonmember $570

$520 $670 $520 $670

Please note: You do not need to register for the Expo to attend either of these independent Friday full-day courses.

Baroid Industrial Drilling Products is the official sponsor of the Expo on-site registration area.

If you are registering more than two attendees, please make copies of this form.

Refund policy—a $25 cancellation fee per registrant applies to all refund requests made on or before November 8, 2013; no refunds will be issued on or after November 9, 2013.

Join NGWA today and save on the registration fees for Expo by calling 800 551.7379 (614 898.7791 outside the United States) Monday through Friday 8 a.m.-5 p.m. ET. By virtue of registering to attend this NGWA event, you grant NGWA full rights to use any photos/videos/recordings containing your likeness taken during the routine business course of the event,

by NGWA or its official representatives, to be used in any future promotional endeavors of NGWA and its affiliates, without any further notification or expectation of compensation.

Phone Call with credit card, 800 551.7379 or 614 898.7791 Fax Send registration form to 614 898.7786

FEES: GRAND TOTAL (U.S. FUNDS) $ ___________________________ METHOD OF PAYMENT:

Online Fill out registration form online at www.GroundwaterExpo.com

Check or money order ❑ (payable to NGWA), check # ______________________

Mail-in deadline: November 8, 2013 Mail Send registration form to:

Charge: ❑ MasterCard ❑ Visa ❑ American Express ❑ Discover

National Ground Water Association PO Box 715435 Columbus OH 43271-5435 USA

Visit GroundwaterExpo.com for the latest updates on Expo!

Company card? ❑ Yes ❑ No Card #

Expiration date

Cardholder’s name Signature WWJ-10-2013

90/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

ADVERTISERS

INDEX OF Card No./ Page

Card No./ Page

2M Co. 1 89 (800) 336-4631 www.2mco.com A.O. Smith Water Systems 2 7 (800) 365-4300 www.permatank.com A.Y. McDonald Mfg. 3 5 (800) 292-2737 www.aymcdonald.com AquaLocate 4 40 (800) 251-2920 www.aqualocate.com Ashland Specialty Ingredients 5 15 www.ashland.com/ dispersiblecmc Baker Mfg., Water Systems Division 6 12 (800) 523-0224 www.bakermfg.com Barrett Supply 7 17 (800) 364-2124 www.barrettpumpstop.com Better Water Industries 8 43 (507) 247-5929 www.betterwaterind.com C.R.I. Pumps 9 IBC www.cripumps.com Centennial Plastics 10 11 (402) 462-2227 www.centennialplastics.com Cotey Chemical 11 27 (806) 747-2096 www.coteychemical.com Eno Scientific 12 18 (910) 778-2660 www.enoscientific.com Flatwater Fleet 13 1 (218) 729-8721 www.flatwaterfleet.com Foremost Industries 14 59 (800) 661-9190 (403) 295-5834 (fax) GEFCO/King Oil Tools 15 14 (800) 759-7441 www.gefco.com GeoPro 16 20 (877) 580-9348 www.geoproinc.com Geoprobe ® Systems 17 69 (800) 436-7762 www.geoprobe.com GeoRocFor 19 40 (819) 569-4207 Grundfos Pumps 20 IFC (913) 227-3400 www.us.grundfos.com Gus Pech Mfg. 21 91 (800) 383-7324 www.guspech.com Harwil 22 46 (805) 988-6800 Hoeptner Perfected Products 23 57 (408) 847-7615 www.freezeflow.com In-Situ 24 67 (800) 446-7488 www.in-situ.com

L.B. Foster 54 73 (800) 355-5360 www.lbfoster.com/threadedproducts Laibe/Versa-Drill 25 36 (317) 231-2250 www.laibecorp.com LAKOS 26 42 (800) 344-7205 www.lakos.com Laval Underground Surveys 27 55 (800) 344-7205 www.lavalunderground.com Lorentz Solar Water Pumps 28 OBC (888) 535-4788 (866) 593-0777 www.lorentz.de Marks Products/ Allegheny Instruments 29 46 (800) 255-1353 www.geovision.org MARL Technologies 30 75 (800) 404-4463 www.marltechnologies.com M-I SWACO 31 2 (713) 739-0222 www.miswaco.com Mount Sopris Instruments 32 77 (303) 279-3211 www.mountsopris.com

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Card No./ Page

NGWA/Awards (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Certification (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Membership (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/ Groundwater Expo (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/NGWREF (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org/ngwref North Houston Machine (800) 364-6973 nhmi2@earthlink.net Robbco Pumps (806) 749-7475 www.robbcopumps.com Rockmore International (503) 682-1001 www.rockmore-intl.com SEMCO (719) 336-9006 www.semcooflamar.com Shakti Pumps (818) 231-0455 www.shaktipumps.com

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Sonic Drill (604) 888-1388 www.sonic-drill.com SonicSampDrill (909) 663-7488 www.sonicsampdrill.com Southwire (770) 832-4590 www.southwire.com Star Iron Works (814) 427-2555 www.starironworks.com Sumoto 0444/490515 www.sumoto.com Toney Drilling Supplies (800) 432-6193 www.toneydrilling.com U.S. Silica (800) 257-7034 www: us-silica.com Western Rubber & Manufacturing (281) 590-1185 (281) 442-1124 (fax) WILO USA (403) 276-9456 www.wilo-na.com Woodford Mfg. (719) 574-1101 www.woodfordmfg.com Wyo-Ben (800) 548-7055 www.wyoben.com

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1480 Lincoln Street SW Iowa 51031 PO Box 96 • Le Mars,

712.546.4145 • 800.383.7324

Fax: 712.546.8945

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Brute Air-Rotary

The Gus Pech Brute rig is the best all around rig for you.

As we customize your rig with options as an air compressor, bottom table drive, angle drilling, mud pit system, rod spinner, carousel or rod box. With our dual spindle head you can switch from rotary to coring with the touch of a button on the console. The Brute series is ideal for air/core drilling with its high torque and speed capability.

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Circle card no. 21

Water Well Journal October 2013 91/

CLOSING

TIME

A crew from Callahan Well Drilling of Berlin, New Jersey, works on a geothermal installation in Ocean City, New Jersey. The job site included a complete remodeling of the home and a threestory addition. Seven boreholes drilled 300 feet deep with 1-inch loops were part of the geothermal system installation.

Extra attention to mud breakdown and fluid run had to be taken.

The drillers on the job were Dan Callahan and Tom Callahan.

The drillers helpers and installers were Mark Callahan and Nick Paonessa. All photos submitted by Dan Callahan of Callahan Drilling “Closing Time” is the page of Water Well Journal that showcases—you! It will always feature a few pictures of people at work at job sites around the world. Please send in photos and brief descriptions and you just

92/ November 2013 Water Well Journal

may be the subject on the last page of an issue of WWJ. And remember, if your photo is selected as the cover image of WWJ, you receive $250.

If your photos are selected, you will be

asked to fill out a photo disclaimer form that grants the National Ground Water Association the royalty-free right to display the photos.

Please send high-resolution digital photos to tplumley@ngwa.org.

waterwelljournal.com

Circle card no. 9

American West Windmill & Solar © 2013. All Rights Reserved. 340SSC021013

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2013 is the 20th anniversary of LORENTZ, a lifetime of experience in the solar water pumping industry - visit www.lorentz.de to find out more Circle card no. 28