February 2014

Page 1

Educate the public during National Groundwater Awareness Week, page 14

JOURNAL

February 2014

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Stay Away from Mayhem Avoid problems with geothermal flush and purge operations, page 17

Inside: — Efficient ground source systems, page 23

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JOURNAL

Vol. 68, No. 2 February 2014 www.waterwelljournal.com

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

FEATURED ARTICLES 17 Stay Away from Mayhem By Jeff Persons, CGD

Know how to avoid problems with geothermal flush and purge operations. 23 Effficient Ground Source Systems By Jennifer Strawn

Two Utah geothermal projects show how running multiple buildings from one borefield pays off. 27 Field Notes By Raymond L. Straub Jr., PG

Introduction to geologic maps 31 A Site to See By Mike Price

The new Music City Center in Nashville hosted the 2013 NGWA® Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, impressing both attendees and exhibitors.

Page 23

36 Water Well Personalities

IN EVERY ISSUE

By Jennifer Strwan

The Thrilling Side of Geology

6 Editor’s Note A Single, Simple Kind Act

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Drilling takes place at the Emergency Operations Center in 2003 at Zion National Park in Utah. When completed, the center was the first in the state to earn a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification from the U.S. Green Building Council. The drilling was done by Bertram Drilling. Photo submitted by Cary Smith of Sound Geothermal Corp. in Sandy, Utah. ®

The Water Well Journal (ISSN #0043-1443) is published monthly by the National Ground Water Association, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. Printed and mailed at Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, and additional mailing offices. Postal acceptance: Periodical (requester subscription circulation) postage paid at Westerville, Ohio, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. Canada Post/ Publications Mail Agreement #40739533. Return address: 4960-2 Walker Rd., Windsor, ON N9A 6J3.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal February 2014 3/

JOURNAL A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Advancing the expertise of groundwater professionals and furthering groundwater awareness.

Chief Executive Officer Kevin McCray, CAE kmccray@ngwa.org NGWA President Griffin Crosby Jr., CWD/PI Director of Information Products/Editor Thad Plumley tplumley@ngwa.org Water Well Journal Editorial Review Board Art Becker, MGWC, CPG; Tom Christopherson; Don Harvard; Dan Milan; Roger Renner, MGWC; John Schnieders, Ph.D., and Robert Sterrett, Ph.D. Senior Editor Mike Price

mprice@ngwa.org

Copyeditor Wayne Beatty

wbeatty@ngwa.org

Production and Design Janelle McClary jmcclary@ngwa.org Advertising Shelby Fleck Vickie Crosby

sfleck@ngwa.org vcrosby@ngwa.org

Circulation Coordinator Katie Neer kneer@ngwa.org Contributing Writers Ed Butts, PE, CPI; Donald W. Gregory; William J. Lynott; Julie Hansen; Christine Reimer; Al Rickard, CAE; Ron Slee; Lana Straub; Jennifer Strawn; and Alexandra Walsh Editorial, Advertising, & Publishing Offices 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081 (800) 551-7379 Fax: (614) 898-7786 Selected content from Water Well Journal is indexed on Ground Water On-Line™ at www.NGWA.org/gwonline ©Copyright 2014 by the National Ground Water Association. All rights reserved.

An APEX award winner 11 consecutive years with 24 total awards, most in the groundwater industry.

Page 31

FEATURED COLUMNISTS 38 Safety Matters Gary Ganson, CIH, CSP Preventing a Drill Rig Rollover It’s important to follow a checklist when drilling on sloped or unstable terrain.

40 Engineering Your Business by Ed Butts, PE, CPI Through the Years Part 3(a): Submersible Pumps

46 ACT Like a Sales Pro by Julie Hansen Does Your Elevator Speech Pass the Test? Make the most of networking opportunities with these tips.

48 Your Money by William J. Lynott Knowing Your Bonds A good way to balance a portfolio is through taxable and tax-free bonds.

50 The After Market by Ron Slee Selling Is a Very Worthwhile Career Six steps for successful selling The views expressed in the columns are the authors’ opinions based on their professional experience.

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EDITOR’S

NOTE

A Single, Simple Kind Act was manning the bookstore area of the 2013 Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting when I witnessed something I will remember for years to come. A long-time member of the National Ground Water Association and I were catching up when a young man approached us with a book in his hand. He asked why the popular item had two prices listed on it. I explained those were NGWA member and nonmember prices, but as an Expo attendee he would be given the member price. He thanked me, walked away, and put the book back on the shelf. The member I was chatting with said, “I bet that would be a really good book for him. He’s a young guy; he could learn a lot from it. How much was it?” I replied it was $21 and would indeed make a great book for someone starting in the industry. The answer I got back blew me away. “I’m going to get it for him.” The member walked over and told the young man who was probably no more than 18 years old she wanted to purchase the book for him. His surprised reaction was priceless! A few minutes later, the sale was made. After a brief chat, the young person—who as the member and I expected is getting more involved in his family drilling and pump business—walked out with the text. Excitedly, he said he was going to try to read it all the way through on his flight home. See what I mean; you don’t easily forget something like that. It was not lost on me the moment took place hours after long-time mem-

I

ber Michael E. Campana, Ph.D., gave a presentation at the Expo’s Opening Ceremony and Awards Presentation titled “Hydrophilanthropy: What Can You Do?” Campana spoke passionately about helping those throughout the world gain access to clean water and sanitation. And while that is often done in remote regions of the world by amazing people volunteering their time to drill wells and educate people about proper sanitation and hygiene techniques, it can also be done on a small scale too. It can be accomplished with a single, simple kind act. It can be done by buying a book for someone starting out in the groundwater industry. It can be done by causing that someone to leave his first Groundwater Expo excited about the field he is joining. It can be done by making that someone eager to dive in and learn as much as he can about properly providing safe, clean water to those in his community. Campana pointed out in his talk that so much more can be done than writing a check. I saw firsthand that he’s exactly right. Hours after he said just that, I saw a community far from my home inherit a young, excited groundwater professional.

Thad Plumley is the editor of WWJ and director of information products at the National Ground Water Association. He can be reached at tplumley@ngwa.org and on Twitter @WaterWellJournl.

Advertise your products and services to the groundwater industry’s most influential readership. Call Shelby Fleck and Vickie Crosby in the NGWA sales department at (800) 551-7379. ● ● ●

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Approximately 25,000 readers every month. More than 19,000 are groundwater contractors. Approximately 4000 reside in professions also allied to the field. Readers reside in every state, Canada, and other international locations.

Disclaimer Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association provide information for guidance and information purposes only. This publication is not intended to provide investment, tax, or legal advice. The information contained herein has been compiled from sources deemed reliable and it is accurate to the best of our knowledge and belief; however, Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association cannot guarantee as to its accuracy, completeness, and validity and cannot be held liable for any errors or omissions. All information contained herein should be independently verified and confirmed. Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association do not accept any liability for any loss or damage howsoever caused in reliance upon such information. Reader agrees to assume all risk resulting from the application of any of the information provided by Water Well Journal and the National Ground Water Association. Trademarks and copyrights mentioned within Water Well Journal are the ownership of their respective companies. The names of products and services presented are used only in an educational fashion and to the benefit of the trademark and copyright owner, with no intention of infringing on trademarks or copyrights. No endorsement of any third-party products or services is expressed or implied by any information, material, or content referred to in the Water Well Journal. Subscriptions/Back Issues For questions, changes or problems with your subscription call Katie Neer. Subscriptions: Water well contractors and other qualified groundwater industry personnel in U.S. and Canada — free; others in U.S. — $115 per year; $15 per copy. Canada – $135 per year; $24 per copy. International: $150 per year; $35 per copy. Subscriptions available through NGWA offices only. We reserve the right to refuse subscriptions to anyone not directly engaged in the groundwater industry. Claims for missing issues must be made in writing within three months of publication and will be subject to the availability of back issues. Advertising Disclaimer Advertisers and advertising agencies assume liability for all content (including text, representation, and illustrations) of advertisements printed and also assume responsibility for any claims arising therefrom made against the publisher. The publisher reserves the right to reject any advertising that it believes is not in keeping with the publication's standards or is deemed unsuitable or misleading.

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he February issue of Water Well Journal focuses on ground source heat pumps and contains two feature articles on the subject.

The first is by Jeff Persons, CGD, and is titled “Stay Away from Mayhem.� The article starting on page 17 follows up Person’s feature in the December 2013 issue of WWJ that focused on using a proper antifreeze solution for geothermal installations. This article details why it is critical to independently flush loop fields and the interior pipes and equipment. Not doing so and not following other protocols, such as keeping all piping capped and sealed until assembly, can lead to mayhem. It could Jeff Persons, CGD result in a peak demand requiring all pumps to operate at full design capacity, suspending several seasons’ worth of debris in a massive avalanche that plugs strainers and shuts down equipment. Freelance writer Jennifer Strawn provides a geothermal project recap in “Efficient Ground Source Systems� on page 23. She details two jobs in Utah, one a school district and the other a medical center, that didn’t just rely on individual systems for each building to provide their savings. Rather, a company designed central ground source systems for the school district Jennifer Strawn

and the medical center to supply heating and cooling for multiple buildings on each property, so the energy and cost savings were even more significant. The systems were designed by Sound Geothermal Corp. in Sandy, Utah. The systems’ efficiency is increased by allowing energy to be shared among buildings and reused over and over again. They also use zones so areas of the buildings can be heated and cooled when they need to be and off when they don’t. The latest installment of Safety Matters covers a critical topic as it is titled “Preventing a Drill Rig Rollover.� Starting on page 38, columnist Gary Ganson, CIH, CSP, provides a 13-item checklist that should be followed every time a job site is on a sloped surface. He points out drilling on steep grades can be unsettling, but it is possible to do so when all necessary precautions to guarantee stability have taken place. He adds taking the noted precautions and following the checklist Gary Ganson, every time develops good habits for crews, CIH, CSP which is a key to preventing all accidents at job sites. Senior Editor Mike Price recaps the 2013 NGWAŽ Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, December 3-6 in Nashville, Tennessee. The 65th NGWA Expo drew a total attendance of 3687 and spanned all sectors of the groundwater

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industry—water well contractors, manufacturers, suppliers, and scientists and engineers. Titled “A Sight to See” on page 31, the Expo was held at the new Music City Center, which opened in May 2013. Price talks with attendees, exhibitors, and NGWA staff about the groundwater industry’s largest event. In addition to 60-plus hours of educational offerings, guest lecturers, and nearly 300 exhibitors—more than 30 of which were Mike Price first-time participants—attendees also had the chance for some fun, including concerts by the Sweethearts of the Rodeo and The Bellamy Brothers.

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The Water Well Personalities feature on page 36 is titled “The Thrilling Side of Geology.” It introduces readers to James Mercer, an executive vice president and principal hydrogeologist with Tetra Tech in Sterling, Virginia, who has also penned three novels. The novels are thrillers about a geologist named Mark Malloy and combine crime and suspense with geology and hydrology. The first two books are titled The Scrolls: The Missing Eighteen Years and The Volcano That Changed the World. The latest novel, The Tsunami That Altered America, is set to publish this year.

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INDUSTRY

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Boot manufacturer Red Wing issued a recall for some of its product. It involves 45 styles of Red Wing men’s steel toe work boots in sizes 11 to 18 and widths ranging from B to H depending on the size and style. The boots have 6, 8, 10, or 11-inch ankle height and were sold in brown, black, and marooncolored leather. The steel toe cap in the boots could fail to protect the wearer’s feet in an impact. Date codes between October 12 and November 13 are included in the recall. The style number, date code, and Red Wing Shoes are printed on a label inside the boot’s tongue. To see the complete list, visit www .cpsc.gov/en/Recalls and enter “Red Wing work boots” in the Search Recalls window. The style numbers are shown in the Recall Details. The boots were sold at Red Wing stores and other shoe stores from October 2012 through

Lower Rio Grande Basin Study Shows Shortfall in Future Water Supply Bureau of Reclamation Commissioner Michael L. Connor released the Lower Rio Grande Basin Study evaluating the impacts of climate change on water demand and supply imbalances along the Rio Grande along the United States/Mexico border from Fort Quitman, Texas, to the Gulf of Mexico. “Basin studies are an important element of the Department of the Interior’s WaterSMART initiative and give us a clearer picture of the possible future gaps between water demand and our available supplies,” Connor said. “This study of the lower Rio Grande basin will provide water managers with science-based tools to make important future decisions as they work to meet the region’s diverse water needs. In addition, the study will help inform water

management discussions between the U.S. and Mexico through the International Boundary Water Commission.” Among the findings and conclusions of the Lower Rio Grande Basin Study: • Climate change is likely to result in increased temperatures, decreased precipitation, and increased evapotranspiration in the study area. As a result of climate change, a projected 86,438 acre-feet of water per year will need to be added to the 592,084 acre-feet per year of supply shortfall predicted in the existing regional planning process in 2060, for a total shortfall of 678,522 acre-feet. • Water supply imbalances made worse by climate change will greatly reduce the reliability of deliveries to all users who depend on deliveries of Rio Grande water via irrigation deliveries. • The study includes an acknowledgment that all water management strategies recommended through the recently adopted regional water plan

National Groundwater Awareness Week Promote the resource that provides your livelihood! Educate your customers about the importance of annual water testing and well maintenance during National Groundwater Awareness Week, March 9-15, 2014. You will be helping them, yourself, your business, your industry, and the resource. NGWA is here to help you spread the word! From sample letters to the editor and radio spots to print ads, posters, and fliers, NGWA has materials for you to use.

www.NGWA.org/AwarenessWeek 800 551.7379 t 614 898.7791 10/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

March 9-15, 2014 waterwelljournal.com

are part of a needed portfolio of solutions for the study area. • Seawater desalination, brackish groundwater desalination, reuse, and fresh groundwater development were examined as alternatives to meet future water demands. The study found brackish groundwater development was most suitable. To read the report, visit www.usbr .gov/WaterSMART.

EPA Plans to Scale Back Enforcement The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency plans to conduct fewer inperson inspections and bring fewer cases against industrial rule-breakers over the next five years, the agency said in a document outlining its goals. The agency aims to carry out 30% fewer inspections and evaluations than in the past five years. It will seek to initiate 40% fewer civil cases, and it will keep criminal goals mostly static with 2012. Officials have hinted at this shift in the past, but it showed up in writing when the agency released its draft

strategic plan for 2014 through 2018. The 86-page document lays out all the expected goals (address climate change, prevent pollution, protect waters) with some new ideas for accomplishing them. When it comes to enforcement, the EPA wants to target the biggest problems first, which it argues will mean a decrease over time in “conventional performance measures� such as the pounds of pollution reduced. Instead, the plan prioritizes prevention, pushing new technology as a way to keep an eye on potential violators without using the resources of a civil or criminal case. Consequently, the agency plans to drastically reduce some of its enforcement goals. For example, the draft plan estimates the agency will clean up less than 2 billion pounds of waste each year via enforcement cases, down from 4.4 billion pounds last year and 6.5 billion pounds in 2008. For water pollutants, enforcement officials will aim to require the treatment of about 220 million pounds each year, down from an annual average of 320 million pounds.

As enforcement officials take on fewer cases, the agency will focus on making regulations “easier to implement� and using emissions technology to keep a real-time eye on discharges. Also, the burden shifts to industry, requiring regulated entities to report electronically, “saving time and money while improving effectiveness and public transparency.� Some months ago, Shell Oil Co. agreed to spend $115 million to control air pollution at a large refinery and chemical plant in Texas as part of a settlement over alleged Clean Water Act violations. The investment—which far outstripped its $2.6 million fine—will enable EPA enforcers across the country to monitor the plant’s gas and steam flow from their desk. In tight budget times, the agency hopes such technology will spread, leading to more electronic reporting and greater regulatory compliance. Overall, the EPA’s Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance is trying to focus on the work “that makes the

NEWS/continues on page 12

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NEWS/from page 11 biggest difference,” said Cynthia Giles, the EPA assistant administrator who oversees OECA. “Obviously, necessarily with budget cuts, we have to make tough choices,” Giles said. “The choice we made is to focus on the biggest cases. And we’re going to invest in the future.” Giles pointed to the Drinking Water Program, where the agency developed an electronic formula in 2009 to prioritize noncompliant public water systems for enforcement. By last April, the num-

ber of systems classified as “priority” had dropped by 69%.

Construction Employment Increased in 39 States from a Year Ago Construction employment increased in 39 states over the past 12 months, the most widespread gains since April 2012, according to an analysis November 22, 2013, by the Associated General Contractors of America of Labor Department data. Mississippi led all states with a 19% increase in construction employment be-

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tween October 2012 and October 2013. Connecticut was next with an increase of 11%, followed by Louisiana (8.3%) and Florida (7.7%). Florida was first in the number of construction jobs added (26,600), closely followed by California (26,000 jobs) and Texas (14,500 jobs). Eleven states and the District of Columbia lost construction jobs over the past 12 months. Indiana had the steepest percentage drop in construction employment for the year (-9.5%), followed by Montana (-7.3%) and D.C. (-5%). Indiana also lost the largest number of jobs over the year (11,800 jobs), followed by Illinois (4500 jobs) and North Carolina (3600 jobs). View the state employment data by rank at www.agc.org/galleries/news/ State_Empl_201310-Rank.pdf and by state at www.agc.org/galleries/news/ State_Empl_201310-Alpha.pdf.

DOA Set to Fund $250 Million in Energy Efficiency Loans The U.S. Department of Agriculture finalized rules on December 5, 2013 for a new $250 million loan program to support energy efficiency improvements and renewable energy systems, including geothermal heat pump systems. Funding will be provided to rural electric cooperatives and utilities which will then re-lend the money to help homeowners or businesses make energy efficiency improvements. In addition to energy audits, the loans may be used for upgrades to heating, lighting, and insulation, as well as conversions to more efficient or renewable energy sources.

USGS Fears Land Sinking Due to Overpumped Groundwater in California The Fresno Bee in Fresno, California, reports due to so much groundwater being pumped from the San Joaquin Valley it is causing a massive swath of Merced County’s surface to sink at an alarming rate, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. The story states parts of Merced near El Nido have dropped more than waterwelljournal.com

12/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

21 inches in just two years. And research-ers warn the deepening sinkhole now is spreading across 1200 square miles. That’s a much larger region than previous studies documented. USGS officials said they fear sinking ground levels will wreak havoc on economically vital man-made structures like the Delta-Mendota Canal, the California Aqueduct, and irrigation canals that serve Merced and Madera counties. The sinking area includes part of the San Joaquin River and most of the Eastside Bypass, which is the primary flood control channel east of the river. The sinking landscape has been accelerated by farmers who are pumping groundwater to support crop expansions, area water leaders said earlier last year. The farmers, who are east of the San Joaquin River in Madera County, have no other source of water. They did not realize their deep-water pumping was creating a problem. Area water districts noticed the changes when they couldn’t capture as much water as usual at nearby Sack Dam on the river.

Study Looks at Groundwater Transport Flows and Effects on Estuaries A new study, “Pathways and processes associated with the transport of groundwater in deltaic systems,” suggests that additional fresh water from the Mississippi River is introduced into these estuaries as submarine groundwater discharge through sandy paleochannels buried beneath the muddy delta surface. These findings may have important implications for the ecology of the estuaries next to the Mississippi River as well as coastal restoration projects in the Mississippi River Delta. Submarine groundwater discharge refers to the release of groundwater directly into marine waters. Much like rivers, submarine groundwater delivers fresh water, nutrients, and metals to coastal waters. But it is often invisible, as the water seeps through permeable sediments, rather than moving through confined channels on the earth’s surface. In the study, the researchers investigated several different lines of evidence to determine if submarine groundwater flux Twitter @WaterWellJournl

from the Mississippi River was a significant source of fresh water to Barataria Bay, a basin near the west bank of the river. The researchers found there were localized sources of fresh groundwater into the bay and the flux of groundwater varied over time. Investigation into the unseen geology of the bay indicated that the input of submarine groundwater into Barataria Bay was associated with more permeable sandy sediments that were remnants of distributary channels and other sandy deposits built prior to the leveeing of the river system.

The results also suggest the variable nature of the submarine fresh water discharge into the bay is linked to river stage, where high water levels in the river are associated with increased groundwater flow. Overall, the study evidence suggests while the flux of groundwater into Barataria Bay may be limited by river stage and the presence of sandy paleochannels, submarine groundwater was a major source of fresh water into the bay, with results suggesting fresh groundwater flux exceeds the limited surface water inputs.

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THE

LOG

NEWS FROM THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Educate Public During Awareness Week Some years ago, Frank Chappelle of the U.S. Geological Survey wrote a book about groundwater, titled The Hidden Sea, and for good reason— an estimated 99% of all available fresh water is in the form of groundwater, thus dwarfing all other sources. As National Groundwater Awareness Week approaches on March 9-15, it is a good time to reflect upon—and educate the public about—the enormous importance of this “hidden sea” to the lives of Americans. Consider these facts: • About 44% of America’s population regularly depends on groundwater for its drinking water supply. • 42 million American residents are served by privately owned individual wells. • 13.2 million American households are served by privately owned individual wells. The National Ground Water Association urges groundwater professionals everywhere to use the occasion of Groundwater Awareness Week to take steps to inform citizens about what groundwater is, why it is important, and what they can do to be good stewards of groundwater. “To have one of our nation’s most precious natural resources literally beneath the feet of Americans and them not

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realize it is cause for concern on many fronts,” says NGWA Public Awareness Director Cliff Treyens. “As the need for fresh water grows, so should the public’s understanding of the role of groundwater.” NGWA encourages groundwater professionals to visit www.NGWA.org/AwarenessWeek to access its Groundwater Awareness Week Web page, where they can click on “Get involved” or “Promotional tools for groundwater professionals” on the Awareness Week menu. Here one can find links to and downloads of informational tools that can be used to promote groundwater awareness during the week such as articles, logos, a flier, poster, and more. Also, contact Treyens for draft news releases that can be modified for use locally at (800) 551-7379, ext. 554, or at ctreyens@ngwa.org.

Four Join NGWA Certified Ranks in November Four groundwater professionals joined the ranks of the National Ground Water Association’s Voluntary Certification Program. Two became certified pump installers: Tom Nanchy, CPI, of General Pump Co. Inc. in San Dimas, California, and Rikardo Jakaj, CPI, of Aquatek Water Systems LLC in Brewster, New York. Kevin J. Bonacum, CWD, of Allied Well Drilling in New Holland, Pennsylvania, is the newest certified well driller. Lisa Blanchet, CVCLD, of Chesapeake Geosystems Inc. in Baltimore, Maryland, became the most recent certified vertical closed loop driller. Blanchet, president of Chesapeake Geosystems, is the third person at the company to pass the CVCLD test. There were 15 tests taken for NGWA certification in November, with seven individuals recording passing scores. There were also 13 NGWA exams given for state licensing, with five passing. On the year, 130 tests were taken for NGWA certification and 55 had passing grades (42%). For state licensing, there were 327 tests given on the year with 146 passing (45%) If you have questions about the NGWA certification programs, contact Jessica Rhoads, NGWA industry practices administrator/certification coordinator, at jrhoads@ngwa.org, or call (800) 551-7379, ext. 511. If outside the United States, call (614) 898-7791, ext. 511.

NGWA Adds 193 New Members in November NGWA added 193 new members in November. The total consisted of 81 scientists and engineers, 74 contractors, 10 students, 10 manufacturers, 8 suppliers, 8 associates, and 2 public works employees. A total of 766 members renewed their membership as well. To learn more about NGWA and how to become a member, visit www.NGWA.org/Membership.

waterwelljournal.com

NOTES

WEB

FIND IT ON THE NGWA WEB SITE, NGWA.ORG installations involving vertical earth drilling:

Advances in ground source heat pump technology have emphasized the need for a voluntary certification designation for ground source heat pump ABILITY drillers. That’s why EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE NGWA is proud to offer its newest national ground water association CERTIFIED VERTICAL designation, the CLOSED LOOP DRILLER Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller (CVCLD). This new designation reflects an individual who has proven knowledge, skills, and experience in the construction of a closed loop well system for ground source heat pump applications. By becoming a CVCLD, you will increase your professional expertise and your company’s marketing advantage over your competition. Exams for the CVCLD designation can be scheduled by calling PSI LaserGrade at (800) 211-2754 (360-896-9111 outside the United States). The 75 questions on the exam test the skills and competencies needed for geothermal vertical closed loop drilling operations. For more information about the CVCLD certification, visit www.NGWA .org/CVCLD.

• (Open loop) Single well for water withdrawal, water returned to a surface source • (Open loop) Single well for water withdrawal, water returned to a second well • (Standing column) Single well for water withdrawal and water return • (Closed loop) Vertical boreholes • (Direct exchange) Vertical boreholes using concentric pipe systems.

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Experienced geothermal heat pump installers confirm it is critical that these systems 1. Be installed with a properly constructed borehole 2. Be equipped with a properly placed loop tube assembly 3. Have properly grouted boreholes, not only for optimal heat transfer but also for groundwater protection. A motivation for NGWA promoting these questions is to direct HVAC industry professionals to NGWA member or NGWA certified contractors to do the drilling for geothermal heat pump installations. Also, check out NGWA’s Guidelines for the Construction of Vertical Closed

Checklist for Hiring Geothermal Heat Pump Drilling Contractors Developed by NGWA HVAC contractors, mechanical engineers, architects, developers, and others involved in geothermal heat pump installations should evaluate the qualifications of drilling contractors to protect groundwater and optimize heat pump system operation. NGWA has developed a list of pertinent questions HVAC professionals should ask drilling contractors. The list can be accessed at www.Wellowner.org/ Geothermal-Heat-Pumps. Estimates by the HVAC industry suggest as much as 50% of the total geothermal heat pump market involves the use of vertical borehole subsystems. There are several different configurations of geothermal heat pump system Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Loop Heat Pump Systems in the Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org.

Safety Meeting Sheets Available from NGWA Press s Safety Meeting for the

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Company name and location

Safety Meeting for the Groundwater Industry ________________________________________________________

Date ____________________

Be a Safe Driver Practicing good safety habits when you are behind the wheel of a vehicle is crucial at all times. It is not just for long trips or when you are on the highways. Two-thirds of all accidents occur within 25 miles of home and half of all fatal accidents occur at speeds under 40 miles per hour. Each year an average of 5% of water well driller injuries are incurred in traffic accidents and 30% of the reported drilling fleet accidents involve the drilling company vehicle striking another vehicle in the rear because the driver was following too closely or not monitoring traffic conditions and the road ahead. Before you even start your vehicle, you need to fasten your seat belt. And make it a rule that everyone in your vehicle wears a seat belt too. When you are on the road, keep these things in mind: • Be alert and rested prior to each trip. • Driving while under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or fatigue is prohibited. • Drivers must have a valid driver’s license for the type of vehicle they are operating and have it with them at all times. • Other documents, such as DOT logs, may also be required. • Appropriate insurance cards must be carried at all times. • When you are on the road, travel at a safe speed, suitable to the surroundings and type of load you are carrying. Do not speed. • If the road you are on is wet or slippery, drive at a slow speed. • Never attempt to exercise the right of way; let others go first. • Watch for pedestrians—sound your horn to warn them that you are approaching. • Always look behind and to both sides of your vehicle’s rear before backing up. • If you are driving equipment onto a new site or a different part of a work site, inspect the proposed route to verify that there are no hazards (tight turns, under-rated bridges, low clearance areas). • Never follow vehicles so close that you will not be able to make a safe stop. A two-second minimum following distance in city traffic should be allowed for passenger cars and increasing following distances should be used when driving heavy trucks and trailers, including pickup trucks pulling trailers. Extra stopping distance is required when the road is wet or icy.

• Check your vehicle daily before each trip—check lights, tires, brakes, and steering. Never take an unsafe vehicle on the road. If required to complete a DOT vehicle inspection, do it properly and fill out the required form before starting your trip. • Verify load tie downs and security before each trip and at each rest stop. Dropped cargo or equipment is a financial loss to your company and may be fatal to another road user who hits it or swerves off the road while trying to avoid hitting the dropped item. • Clean mud, stones, and other debris off trailers and truck beds before going on the highway where these items can fly off and damage other vehicles or cause injury. • Report all accidents and incidents (dropped cargo, windshield claims, near misses) immediately to your supervisor/manager as well as reporting accidents to official agencies as required by law. • Rear-view and side mirrors should be viewed every three to five seconds. Know where vehicles are around you. Monitor your blind spots by twisting your head to look where the mirrors do not cover, especially during merges, lane changes, and turns. • Keep your eyes constantly moving to check road ahead conditions around you. Your sharp focus vision is roughly a circle 5 feet in diameter at 100 feet. • Be farsighted. In city traffic, look up into the next block or to the next traffic light so you know what problems ahead need to be avoided before driving into them. On the open highway, look at least one mile ahead or to the top of the hill, or as far around the curve up ahead as you can see. Remember, at 60 miles per hour you are approaching the hazard ahead at the rate of ¼ mile every 15 seconds and it can take you 400 feet or more at that distance to stop a medium truck when hitting the brakes. • Help other drivers to see your vehicle at all times. Use headlights early when driving in shadow areas like tree-covered roads, during inclement weather, or when low sun angles can blind other drivers. • Keep vehicle doors locked for security as well as to prevent them from flying open. • Do not transport passengers except in approved equipment. Never allow passengers to ride in the truck bed or the back of the cargo van.

Related topics discussed ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Employee recommendations____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________

®

Related MSDS ____________________ Subject __________________________________________________________ a part of your meet sheets are safe Staff attending meeting ____________________________ ________________________________________________ following safety steps to ensuring Make sure the ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ plan. You’ll be taking your company. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ company’s safety the employees at be practiced by work habits will Supervisor/Manager signature ________________________________________________________________________________ These instructions do not supersede local, state, or federal regulations.

Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry is a collection of 52 safety meeting sheets created so that a company can have an industry-specific “tailgate talk” each week over the course of a year. The sets are available for purchase in NGWA’s Online Bookstore. Talking points on a variety of industry-related safety topics are at the top of the sheets. The bottom contains an area where related topics and employee recommendations can be written. There is also a place for all attending employees and the supervisor or manager to sign, signifying their participation in the meeting. The sets of 52 sheets cost $40 for NGWA members and $50 for nonmembers. Visit www.NGWA.org/Bookstore today to purchase your copy.

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(COVER STORY) (Left) Bag filters full of iron sludge from poor water chemistry in a ferrous piping system.

Stay Away from Mayhem Know how to avoid problems with geothermal flush and purge operations. By Jeff Persons, CGD he long established industry practice for flushing geothermal loops has been to provide isolation between the loop field and the interior pumps piping and equipment such that each side of the system may be flushed independently to remove all air and debris before combining the two sides of the loop. This article will go beyond the basic training fundamentals to show what can happen when designers and contractors on the “building side” of the system don’t have a thorough understanding for this process and the ramifications if a separation of systems is not maintained for the building flush and fill process. No doubt many of you who work with commercial geo loop installations may have run into situations where “debris in the system” was attributed to the loop installer and the piping team who did loop flush and fill. After all, with all the mud and mess created by drilling, why wouldn’t the geo loops be the logical source of contamination? But in most cases nothing could be further from the truth. International Ground Source Heat Pump Association

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Twitter @WaterWellJournl

and the National Ground Water Association’s Guidelines for the Construction of Vertical Boreholes for Closed Loop Heat Pump Systems specifications call for the delivery of pre-pressurized vertical loops with pressure testing and documentation at the time of installation —again as a well circuit and finally as a complete manifold assembly at the manifold vault to provide assurance that the system installed is free of any leaks. Geothermal loop piping as specified is to be kept capped and sealed to prevent the entry of foreign debris. Flushing operations are conducted at flow velocities in excess of 2 feet per second. They are intended to assure all air and any HDPE shavings or debris are removed and the fluid is clean before allowing it to circulate into the building side of a loop. Documentation is a key word here and necessary with records of the loop circuit flushing process, pressure drop, and hydrostatic test signed by the testing technician and signed and witnessed by the designated construction supervisor or project engineer.

Equally important are the records for the delivery of grout, additives, and sand, plus the quantity of each used for the grouting of each boring. These records should also be a part of the construction documents to attest that each well is grouted to the specifications and an explanation is made for any variances where conditions require a deviation from the specification. Project engineers must be notified of any changes in writing, preferably on letterhead and not just by text or e-mail. Project engineers must be notified so that appropriate adjustments may be made to compensate for deviations in the design and performance of the geo field. Any failure to document and communicate can easily land you in a legal dispute, none of which are likely to have a good outcome. Geothermal pipe, as written in the IGSHPA specification, is to be kept capped and sealed until the moment of assembly. This specification is intended to help avoid the entry of foreign materials and critters. How often have you seen the piping for the building interior managed to the same specification? Probably never. Countless times I have visited construction sites to see interior piping material lying open on the floor, or worse on the ground outside and open to the elements. When pipe is assembled inside the building, is the same care and attention paid to keep it sealed or is it left open to become a resting place for birds, water bottles, shop rags, cigars, whatever? (And I welcome any stories of the things you have found in pipes or

FLUSH AND PURGE/continues on page 18 Jeff Persons, CGD, is the president of Geo Source One in Dublin, Ohio, and has more than 35 years of experience in the geothermal heat pump and hydronic industry. His company specializes in the design and installation of custom geothermal and radiant heating systems. He is the author of the book, Understanding Geothermal Systems and can be reached at persons.jeff@yahoo.com.

Water Well Journal February 2014 17/

FLUSH AND PURGE/from page 17 wells.) As Murphy will have it—if there are kids or adults behaving like kids, anything that will fit in the pipe will generally end up in there. You might think the focus of this article is detailing how we as water and geothermal systems industry professionals appear to do a better job of maintaining a clean system than many others in the commercial sector. But when things go sour, we are the first to get blamed for the contamination. Unfortunately, it appears that after our contracts are completed, and after the loops are flushed, cleaned, and filled and the building system is finally brought online that there are repeat calls to flush the loops due to “debris in the system.” Only then does the finger-pointing begin. How does this happen? Very simply, there are still system designers who provide installation drawings with no provision for isolation and separate flushing of the geo loops and building piping. In these cases the outgoing building mains are flanged directly to the geo manifold lines. Any debris that might exist within the outlet side of the building piping will flush itself into the geo loops. The heaviest debris will be deposited at the first few circuits on the manifold, and as the manifold velocity reduces along the way, so does the particulate load with the finest debris settling out in circuits at the end of the manifold header (Figure 1). This problem becomes even more interesting when the building uses variable speed pumping such that the pumps operate at reduced flow the majority of the time. As many of these large structures are brought online one floor at a time, I will see debris swept from the building piping, only to collect in the low velocity loops of the geo field, waiting there like the Allstate Insurance “Mayhem” commercials—for that opportune time when a peak demand requires all pumps to operate at full design capacity, suspending several seasons’ worth of debris in a massive avalanche to plug strainers and cause equipment shutdowns. Where does all the dirt come from? Good question. Some material is just from poor housekeeping habits. Oil and 18/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Figure 1. Waiting for mayhem.

Debris can occur in any system where there is poor housekeeping during construction. steel pipe chips from threading operations and drilled pipe sidewall taps make up some of it. Steel pipe can have many sources and the mix of scrap metals, which predominates in many brands may lend these to be more susceptible to corrosion. Did the steel spend a substantial time in outdoor storage? Does it show rust on the interior? Did it spend time in salt air? If the building system is flushed and filled in sections, was the water used to fill the system tested and corrosion inhibitors added to protect the metals in the system? Or was it simply filled with potable water and left to chance it would be okay? So let me ask you, “When was the last time you piped up a water well system on black iron pipe?” I hope your answer was “Not on my clock!” Steel pipe is so low on the galvanic series it’s one of the first things to be corroded in any raw water system. It simply cannot survive a reasonable lifetime without the addition of corrosion inhibitors. The study and application of corrosion inhibitors to stabilize a water supply and prevent corrosion is a science to itself! Yet countless mechanical system installers will reach for the hose and start filling a system with tap water— all with the notion that if it’s potable, it must be safe as a fill solution. (If you happen to be one of these, go back and visit my article on geothermal antifreeze

and water treatment in the December 2013 issue of Water Well Journal.) A few years back, I was fortunate to be in a meeting where a loop contractor was accused of leaving “dirt in a system.” The accuser was shaking a dark brown jar of solution taken from a system strainer. The contractor calmly pulled a magnet from his brief case and held it to the jar. Like magic, the jar became crystal clear as the brown debris gathered at the poles of the magnet. In conclusion, the dark brown debris could not be from the HDPE loop material nor could it be attributed to the local shale bedrock. The only possible source for this material was from the black iron piping that predominated throughout the building piping system. The source of this “muddy water” came from inside the building. As work progressed in the construction from floor to floor, the interior finish and drywall crews needed air conditioning. To accommodate their needs, this problem system was filled in stages from late spring until fall when the building was finally finished. No corrosion inhibitors or antifreeze were added to the solution until all zones were completed and it was ready to be turned over for occupancy. Meanwhile, the corrosion products from raw city water reacting with the steel pipe plus electrolysis with brass valves and copper heat exchangers continued to flush into the geo loops—just waiting for that magic mayhem time (a cold building recovering after the New Year holiday break) when full pump capacity was needed. Debris in a system is not just an issue with the corrosion of ferrous piping. Debris can occur in any system where waterwelljournal.com

Figure 2. Heavy sediment in an antifreeze solution tank from precipitated corrosion inhibitors.

there is poor housekeeping during construction. Yet even clean systems can be subject to debris and sediment, particularly when what we perceive as potable water is mixed with antifreeze or when systems are connected to a potable supply for their make-up feed water. In my December article, I discussed the reaction between corrosion inhibitors—necessary to prevent corrosion of the piping, valves, and heat exchangers that make up a geothermal installation—and minerals in the make-up water. These same inhibitors that protect the system from corrosion do not mix well with water supplies that contain hardness minerals. Figures 2 and 3 are from a major university where city well water was used as a geothermal system feed supply for several campus buildings. The hard water reacted with the antifreeze inhibitors, causing them to precipitate as a heavy sludge. The remaining solution became acidic and began corroding ferrous components in the piping system. Correcting this situation required substantial work with chemical analysis, system filtration, antifreeze, and inhibitors to buffer and stabilize the solution. The system fluid supply line, which was previously connected to city water, was disconnected. System feed water is now provided by a deionized water source and an antifreeze solution tank with dedicated feed pump. What can we do to help avoid accusations of leaving debris in a system? What changes in system piping and feed water might be made to prevent problems with debris? Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Figure 3. Ferrous debris on magnet as a result of poor water chemistry.

1. Educate project design engineers that it is essential to provide isolation and bypass valves to allow for flush and purge separately for the geothermal loop field and for the building. (See Figure 4 as an example.) 2. Inform project design engineers that potable water is not always a suitable solution to use for system flush and fill, particularly when corrosion inhibitors and antifreeze will be added to the system. A water sample of the intended system fill water needs be analyzed by the antifreeze manufacturer to identify its suitability for use as a solution supply source. If the water supply is not suitable, arrangements need to be made to provide a suitable supply for all trades that will be flushing and filling the piping and geo field piping system. 3. A specification that calls for the system flush and fill with deionized water (for both loop field and building) will assure that antifreeze and corrosion inhibitors will perform as specified. Deionized water should not be left in a metallic piping system without the addition of corrosion inhibitors. 4. Advise project design engineers that specifications for flushing the building side of the system (i.e., flow rates greater than 2 feet per second for all sections of the mains) need to be specified in order to suspend and filter/remove debris from the building lines.

5. All commercial systems will have an air separator on the main line ahead of the system pumps. Advise design engineers that the geothermal field will be the lowest velocity area of the system and will therefore act as the sediment collection area for any debris in the system. It is critical that the air separator be designed as a “combination air and sediment separator.” 6. Recommend to system designers once the building side of the system is flushed and purged at full design volume and the mains are opened to circulate with the loop field, it is essential the system be operated at full pump volume at least once each season to suspend and recover any debris that may accumulate in the loop field or in low velocity areas of the building mains and bring this material back to the air and sediment separator for its removal. This is the best protection against mayhem at that inopportune time when full capacity is needed the most. 7. Stress the importance of a signed inspection for delivery and storage of interior piping. The inspection should check closely for deterioration, damage, debris, and assure the pipe supplier and its origin meet with the design specifications. Any material that does not meet the specifications is to be rejected. 8. A specification to retain dust caps on interior piping to prevent the entry of foreign materials.

FLUSH AND PURGE/continues on page 20 Water Well Journal February 2014 19/

FLUSH AND PURGE/from page 19 9. All interior geothermal equipment connections to the building piping must incorporate “Y” strainers with the inlet side flex hose connections. This is particularly critical for any system that uses brazed plate heat exchangers. The passages in many brazed plate heat exchangers may be easily blocked by the finest sand size debris left in a system. 10. All major geothermal manufacturers specify that their geothermal units be bypassed (using flex hose connectors) during the building flush and cleaning process. Connections to the geothermal equipment should only be made once the building loop is known to be free of debris. This process alone, while time consuming, will save many hours at start-up time dealing with clogged “Y” strainers or debris-choked heat exchangers and control valves. 11. Signed and verified building mechanical system logs to indicate date, time, fill volumes used, circulation rates, pump pressure differentials and a list of strainers opened and cleaned with photo documentation of any debris removed. Improvements we can make to our own processes: 1. Design manifold vault assemblies to allow for a full size bypass valve between supply and return headers. This bypass will allow for flushing of the mains independent from the loop circuits. In some instances, large systems may have 8 to 10-inch mains and require at least 440+ gpm of circulation to achieve a flushing rate of 2 feet/sec whereas the needed flushing rate for individual circuits may be less than 150 gpm. Not all flushing trailer assemblies can manage 400+ gpm, and in these instances the building pumps may be needed to assist with flushing the mains. 2. Verify from the contract documents to determine who is responsible for flushing the loop circuits and all connective piping to the building. If flushing the mains falls under your contract, it may be necessary to coordinate for operation of the building pumps (as in Figure 4), or to 20/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Figure 4. Avoiding mayhem.

rent a substantially larger semitrailer-mounted flushing system with the capability to flush the mains and loops simultaneously. If this should be the case, will the piping design allow for hydrant connections at the building for this purpose? These hydrants could provide double purpose for both flushing and for the replacement of flush water with tanker quantities of pre-mixed antifreeze. 3. If the project design calls for filling the system with deionized water, whose responsibility is this? Do the loops need to also be filled with deionized water at the time they are inserted in the bores? Substantial time might be saved in the process if loops and manifolds are filled with deionized water at the start and a clean system is assured when it is turned over to the mechanical contractor for connection in the building. This will add another step to the geo field installation process, but could save aggravation in the end. To this I might add that the building piping might be drained and refilled, but loop fields cannot be drained and must be flushed with deionized water several times to finally attain the purity needed to allow the introduction of an inhibited antifreeze. The expense to provide multiple flushes can easily exceed the cost of using deionized water for the initial loop fill. 4. Create and retain accurate records for all flush and fill operations, including pressure drop across each loop circuit, pump flow rate, and time and date that data was taken. Use photo documentation with these records to prove clarity of the solution and any debris removed at bag filters.

5. Notify project engineers that flushing, purging, and pressure testing of the loop circuits, manifolds, and mains will take place on a specified date and request their visual inspection of the process with a signature to your data sheet attesting to the inspection. This is critical to support your position that a clean loop field is turned over to the building mechanical contractor. 6. Retain and tag bag filters from the start and completion of this process as visual proof that the loop field is clean and free of debris. 7. If the building is under construction and main pumps have not been installed when the loop field is completed, close all valves to the vertical bore circuits and open the recommended bypass valve between the supply and return mains in the vault. Document this condition to the construction supervisor and mechanical contractor, such that when the pumps are brought online they will suspend debris that might reside in the mains or on the building side of the system and bring it back to an air and sediment separator. Only after the mains are flushed and clear should the bypass valve be closed and individual loop circuits opened. 8. If the building is commissioned in stages, open only the loop circuits needed to meet the demand of the building zone that is in use. In this way the flow velocity in active loop circuits will likely remain high enough to suspend and bring fine debris back to the building where it can be filtered and removed prior to final commissioning of the building. Next time you have an invitation to bid on commercial work, ask to see waterwelljournal.com

the design specs and drawings for the mechanical system. If you see potential issues such as the phrases “connect or mix with potable water� or find that there is no means to isolate the building piping from the geo field so that each may be purged and cleaned individually, bring these issues to the attention of the project design engineers. Sometimes, introducing a new idea or concept will be well received if you can present it as a means to improve project reliability and provide cost savings through reduced maintenance. WWJ Do you have any favorite stories to share? E-mail the author or Water Well Journal Editor Thad Plumley at tplumley@ngwa.org. Perhaps your experiences will also help others in this industry and we can all improve our “bottom line.�

Follow Geothermal Guidelines The third edition of the NGWA Guidelines for the Construction of Vertical Closed Loop Heat Pump Systems is an ideal resource and can be found in the NGWA Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org.

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Efficient Ground Source Systems Two Utah geothermal projects show how running multiple buildings from one borefield pays off. By Jennifer Strawn

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s budgets tighten and energy costs rise, it’s no surprise public schools and hospitals are looking for more ways to

cut costs. Some, like the Jordan School District and the Uintah Basin Medical Center in Utah, have added ground source heating and cooling to their facilities as a way to lower operating costs and conserve natural resources. But rather than relying on individual systems for each building, Sound Geothermal Corp. in Sandy, Utah, designed central ground source systems for the school district and the medical center to supply heating and cooling for multiple buildings. This increases the systems’ efficiency by allowing energy to be shared among buildings and reused over and over again. Both ground source systems also use zones so areas of the buildings can be

heated and cooled when they need to be and off when they don’t. “The most efficient systems can be turned off in areas that don’t need to be heated or cooled,” says Cary Smith of Sound Geothermal. “And there’s nothing cheaper than off.” The increased efficiency means lower utility bills, which makes the design of the system even more appealing than an individual ground source system. “For the hospital, the decision to connect its campus was a long-term decision,” Smith says. “They decided 10 years ago this was the route they were going to take.” Here’s how long-term planning helped the Jordan School District and the Uintah Basin Medical Center improve the efficiency of their ground source systems, reduce their energy bills, and simplify system maintenance.

Jordan School District Jennifer Strawn was the associate editor of Water Well Journal from 2004 to 2007. She is currently in the internal communications department at Nationwide Insurance in Columbus, Ohio. She can be reached at strawnj2 @gmail.com.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Jordan School District is one of the largest school districts in Utah and serves 52,000 students in Bluffdale, Copperton, Herriman, Riverton, South Jordan, and West Jordan. Although several of the district’s buildings have ground source systems,

Pipes of the central loop snake across the roof of a hospital in Utah when the loop was still under construction at the Uintah Basin Medical Center. They are 12-inch pipes that carry the central loop fluid and link multiple buildings together. its River’s Edge School, a special needs school in South Jordan, has the lowest energy costs for the district at $0.46 per square foot. The building opened in August 2011 and achieved Energy Star and LEED certifications. In addition to a ground source system, the 48,000-square-foot building has 230 solar panels and three wind turbines. River’s Edge School also shares its ground source system with nearby Valley High School, an alternative high school also in the Jordan School District. Both schools are 100% heated and cooled by geothermal and use the same borefield which has 185 boreholes, 5¼ inches in diameter drilled to 400 feet deep with 1¼-inch U-bends. Drilling for the project was completed by Bertram Drilling in Billings, Montana.

TWO PROJECTS/continues on page 24 Water Well Journal February 2014 23/

TWO PROJECTS/from page 23 The system is designed to share energy around each building first, eventually sharing energy through the loop field. This way, energy can be used over and over again. Valley High School’s energy use is similar to the district’s other buildings with geothermal heating and cooling and averages about $1.18 per square foot per year. A similarly-sized building in the school district with a conventional HVAC system costs about $1.38 per square foot per year. “The buildings with geothermal always have the lowest energy costs,” says Duane Devey, energy manager with the Jordan School District. “The energy conservation piece is major for us. We also get some water savings with the evaporation and cooling towers.” Water savings was another reason the school district chose the system. A cooling tower on one of the high schools used thousands of gallons of water a day. With 53 schools in the district, the amount of water used for the heating and cooling systems was a large number. Individual zone controls also improve the system’s efficiency, and from the end-user’s perspective, is one of the positives of using a ground source system over using a boiler and chiller. “Teachers have control over their own temperatures, so they get better individual comfort,” Devey says. “Along those same lines, if the boiler goes down, the entire building is cold. If a heat pump goes down, only one space is cold or hot.” The ground source system should have a lifespan of about 50 years. “If they change or renovate the building, they won’t need to design another ground source system,” Smith says. “The majority of the cost of the system is in the ground, so to speak, and it will already be there.”

Uintah Basin Medical Center Uintah Basin Medical Center is a community, non-profit hospital system in Roosevelt, Utah, which uses a hybrid ground source system to heat and cool more than 150,000 square feet. Geothermal heating and cooling was a long-term vision for the hospital. 24/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

A geothermal job site for an extended care facility at the Uintah Basin Medical Center in Utah. The drilling rigs are from Bertram Drilling.

Power and gas cost per square foot a month for the Uintah Basin Medical Center. Note the hospital and dialysis center with conventional heating and cooling systems are the highest.

Power/Gas Cost per Square Foot a Month 0.200

0.180

0.160

0.140

0.120

Hospital Villa

0.100

MOB1 MOB2 Dialysis

0.080

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0.040

0.020

0.000 2009

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Smith of Sound Geothermal first introduced the idea in 2001 when the hospital expanded by building its first 30,000-square-foot medical office building. “It took some faith and convincing of the board members to invest in this technology as the installation costs were a little higher than a conventional system,” says Marlin Michaelson, director

2012

2013

of engineering at UBMC. “But with the proposed payback from the energy savings, we decided it would be a good investment.” The system is a hybrid system using a borefield and cooling tower. At 5200 feet in elevation, the area is known for temperature highs above 100°F in the summer and lows of –35°F in the winter. The hospital wanted a boiler and waterwelljournal.com

This medical clinic is one of multiple buildings utilizing geothermal heating and cooling at the Uintah Basin Medical Center. All told, 229 wells were drilled, more than 150,000 square feet is heated and cooled, and the system has saved more than $550,000.

cooling tower linked in to the system for emergencies and the coldest days of the year. For the first medical office building, Geo Energy Systems in Cedar City, Utah, drilled 35 boreholes 5¼ inches in diameter to 300 feet deep. “We immediately saw much lower energy bills,” Michaelson says. In fact, the actual cost per square foot was much lower than the initial projections. The cost to run the system was just under $0.10 per square foot per month. A dialysis building, a building on a similar schedule as the new medical office building, cost about $0.17 per square foot to run on a conventional HVAC system. The ground source system was so successful in lowering UBMC’s energy costs that it decided to use ground source heating and cooling five years later for its next building, a 60,000square-foot, 90-bed nursing home and rehabilitation facility. “As we were planning the extended care facility, a nearby school district vacated a junior high school near UBMC’s campus and donated the nine acres and building to the hospital,” Smith says. “That gave us an all-new expansion opportunity, and we decided it made sense that if we were going to build this thing we were going to stub out for additional buildings and connect it to the hospital.” So UBMC started to build a “borefield inventory” in 2008. Bertram Drilling completed the drilling for the extended care facility. The borefield has 120 boreholes 300 feet deep, 5¼ inches in diameter with 1¼-inch U-bends. A central loop mechanical room also was added to serve as a backup and as Twitter @WaterWellJournl

the future central loop for the campus. It would also provide pumping for future buildings on the west side of the hospital’s campus. Twelve-inch HDPE stubout pipe also was added to the north, so the system could be later connected to additional buildings and the main hospital. As renovations were completed, ground source systems were added to the non-critical use areas of the hospital and other buildings on the hospital’s campus so they could be connected to a single system. When completed, the new nursing home had similar operating costs to the medical office building despite being a larger, 24-hour facility. The nursing home’s energy costs were about $0.13 per square foot per month, only a few cents more than the medical office building. In 2010, UBMC continued its expansion efforts by adding a second 42,000square-foot medical office building to its campus. Another 75 boreholes were drilled by Geo Energy Systems to 400 feet deep. The building and borefield were planned so that it could take on part of the hospital’s load and become the site for the main central loop mechanical room. It was tied into the first medical office building’s ground loop system, and they added 12-inch stub-out piping for the future campus to the east and ran 12-inch pipe back to the roof of the hospital. When complete, the utility costs for the second medical office building was the lowest of the three buildings at about $0.07 per square foot per month.

“In September 2012, we connected all of it together,” Smith says. “Prior to that, the individual buildings had been using the loop fields that they had exclusively.” Now, all of the main buildings, including the portions of the hospital, are connected with a main campus loop that circulates all of the 229 wells from each building into one main line. “This has helped increase the performance and has allowed us to add heat pump systems into our hospital renovations,” Michaelson says. “We expect to install heat pumps in 75 percent of our hospital building within the next two years without having to drill additional wellfields.” A centralized system allows UBMC to share energy among its buildings, Smith says. For example, the extended care facility may use 7000 gallons of hot water a day for showers, the cafeteria, and laundry. The hospital also uses around 2000 gallons of hot water per day. Smith was also able to increase the efficiency of the heat pumps by 15% by controlling the water flow. “We were able to even out the ground source water temperature all along the system to where the system works between 50 and 80 degrees,” he says. “We also have the ability to use whatever energy we make over and over again. We just move it around the entire campus.” In addition to domestic hot water, the energy from the system helps heat the campus’ snowmelt systems and cool the walk-in refrigerators and freezers, Michaelson says. “The total savings we have achieved from these three buildings so far has been an estimated $550,000,” he says. “We’re excited to see the reduced utility bills that this will continue to bring, which allows us to help keep our health care costs down.” WWJ

Earn Geothermal Certification Find out about NGWA’s Certified Vertical Closed Loop Driller designation that reflects individuals with proven knowledge in the construction of closed loop well systems for ground source heat pump applications. Find out more at www.NGWA.org. Water Well Journal February 2014 25/

Field Notes

Example of a groundwater contour map referenced to mean sea level.

Introduction to geologic maps Raymond L. Straub Jr., PG

ocating and understanding groundwater is a primary function of all groundwater professionals. But defining an object you cannot see can be difficult. And creating an image of that object you can only access through vertical profiles on intermittent spacing is almost impossible. All the same, as groundwater professionals that is precisely what we have to do. Fortunately, since the creation of advanced geographical information systems like GIS and Google Earth, we have a powerful advantage over our predecessors. These tools allow us to overlay and geo-reference almost any object, helping us visualize and interact with information as it relates to geographical locations. Mapping has always been at the forefront of innovation. Maps represent direction and points of reference all geographically located to a common point of reference. As groundwater professionals, we have access to powerful tools for locating and understanding groundwater. We will discuss some of the various types of maps we can avail ourselves to better understand groundwater.

L

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

A Variety of Maps A map is a representation by means of lines and symbols of a portion of the surface of the earth and can not only indicate the property lines and the various material objects, but also the relief, or the variations in the elevation, of the ground surface (Staff and Carey 1937). The types of maps we use in the groundwater industry most often follow the same structure. They contain an X-axis and Y-axis with a Z-axis component. The X-axis represents the horizontal plane and the Y-axis represents the vertical plane. When combined, they represent a two-dimensional plane of the location (map view) where the Z-axis information is plotted. The Z-axis represents the variation in information to be plotted. A large percentage of subsurface maps use the contour line as the method to display various types of subsurface data. A contour line is a line that connects points of equal value compared to a common reference point. A map that uses contour lines as a representation for illustration of data is called a contour map (as shown above).

Any set of data that can be expressed numerically can be contoured (Tearpock and Bischke 2003). The distance between contour lines is known as the contour interval. Contour lines are designated as major and minor contour lines. A minor line is the smallest line of reference and the major line is a grouping of minor contour lines at a set interval. The major contour line is generally represented as a bold line. For example, a contour interval may be every 20 feet, with a major contour line every 100 feet (Figure 1). Contour maps are often described by the information they project. An isopleth contour map generally represents contours that connect points of equal value. An isopach contour map draws a line through points of equal true thickness of a designated stratigraphic unit. An isochore contour map draws a line through points of equal drilled thickness of a given stratigraphic unit. Isochore maps show drilled unit thickness uncorrected for unit dip (Bates and Jackson 1984). One of the basic features of any map is the map scale. The map scale is the ratio of distance represented in proportion to the size of the map. Map scales are listed as ratios such as 1:250,000 or 1:62,500 or so on. The first number represents one inch on the map and the second number represents the distance in inches actually covered. The larger the map scale ratio, the more distance can be represented. However, with larger scale ratios comes less map detail (Montgomery 2006). A topographic map is a map showing the topographic features of a land surface, commonly by means of contour

FIELD NOTES/continues on page 28 Raymond L. Straub Jr., PG, is the president of Straub Corp. in Stanton, Texas, a Texas-registered geoscience firm and specialized groundwater services firm. He is a Texas-licensed professional geoscientist and holds master driller licenses in Texas and New Mexico and a master pump installer license in Texas. He can be reached at raymond@straubcorporation.com.

Water Well Journal February 2014 27/

FIELD NOTES/from page 27

Figure 1. Contour intervals as shown on a map and in an elevation profile.

lines (Figure 2). It is generally on a sufficiently large scale to show in detail selected man-made and natural features, including relief and such physical and cultural features as vegetation, roads, and drainage (Bates and Jackson 1984).

The Value of Maps The following is a quote from Major John Wesley Powell, who was the second director of the U.S. Geological Survey, in 1886 as he addressed Congress on the value of a national topographic map. A government cannot do any scientific work of more value to the people at large than by causing the construction of proper topographic maps of the country.

The USGS took over responsibility for mapping the United States in 1879. It produced many scales for maps, but the best known were the 1:24,000 scale topographic map or the 7.5-minute quadrangle series. The USGS produced more than 55,000 of the 7.5-minute maps, which covered the entire United States. This series was officially completed in 1992. The USGS recently replaced this series with the National Map. The National Map is an Internet-based system that integrates and applies geospatial data on a global, national, and local scale (U.S. Geological Survey 2013). Groundwater is influenced by the topography of the earth’s surface and the various types of geological material (Driscoll 1986). Using topographic maps combined with geological information, they become powerful tools for understanding and locating groundwater. The popular industry text, Groundwater & Wells, Second Edition states:

Figure 2. Example of a USGS topographic map.

Geologic maps indicate the nature of the consolidated or unconsolidated materials comprising the area being investigated. They show the rock type and the distribution of geologic structures. (Driscoll 1986)

A geologic map expresses different geologic units through the use of different colors (Figure 3). Geologic units of a relatively similar age are represented by a different shade of the same color. The colors are presented in a key displaying all the map units arranged in 28/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

chronological order, with the youngest at the top of the key. With each color, generally, a brief description is provided along with an alphabetical designator and a standard pattern used to indicate the general rock type (Montgomery 2006).

An essential part of project preparation, prior to performing any field operations, is the use of site-specific topographic and geologic maps. A firm understanding of geologic horizons and how they interact with groundwater will help facilitate better project planning waterwelljournal.com

Figure 3. Example of a geologic map.

and equipment use and can greatly reduce the amount of confusion and frustration on the drill site during drilling operations. Dan Kelleher, PG, a certified international project manager, explains how as groundwater professionals we can become complacent in our work and allow poor practices to impede work quality and understanding: The challenges we face as individual geoscientists are shared across the industry and in fact, globally. Misuse of the Unified Soil Classification System, confusion with some technical terms, the historically traditional approach for site characterization, and some common project management philosophies each stand in the way of taking the mystery out of the subsurface in an efficient and meaningful way.

As groundwater professionals, it is important to challenge and expand our skill set, find and correct our deficiencies, and continue to learn and perfect our tradecraft. For more information on topographic maps, USGS topographic maps are available online at http://topomaps .usgs.gov. State-specific geological maps are availible from individual state geological surveys, the USGS, or from the American Association of Petroleum Geologists. In our next installment of Field Notes, we will discuss geology and logging from the point of view of the person on the step: the driller. We will Twitter @WaterWellJournl

examine some of the difficulties in balancing the responsibility of logging with the complexities of drilling. WWJ

References Bates, Robert L., and Julia A Jackson. 1984. Dictionary of Geological Terms, 3rd Edition. New York, New York: Anchor Books, A Division of Random House Inc. Driscoll, Fletcher G. 1986. Groundwater and Wells, Second Edition. St. Paul, Minnesota: Johnson Division. Kelleher, Dan. 2013. Personal interview by the author. December 9, 2013.

Montgomery, Carla W. 2006. Environmental Geology, Seventh Edition. New York, New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Powell, Major John Wesley. 1886. “Statement of the Director of the Geological Survey.” In Congressional Serial Set— Miscellaneous Documents of the Senate of the United States for the First Session of the Forty Ninth Congress by U.S. Government Priniting Office, 40. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. Staff, I.C.S., and Clifton O. Carey. 1937. Mapping. Scranton, Pennsylvania: International Textbook Company. Tearpock, Daniel J., and Richard E. Bischke. 2003. Applied Subsurface Geological Mapping with Structural Methods, 2nd Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR. University of Texas, Bureau of Economic Geology. 2013. “Texas Water Development Board—Geologic Atlas of Texas.” Texas Water Development Board. Web site www.twdb.state.tx.us/groundwater/ aquifer/GAT/big-spring.htm accessed December 7, 2013). U.S. Geological Survey. 2012. “Map Locator and Downloader.” The USGS Store. Web site http://ims.er.usgs.gov/gda_services/ download?item_id=5493721 accessed December 7, 2013. U.S. Geological Survey. 2013. “Topographic Maps.” USGS Topographic Maps. Web site http://topomaps.usgs.gov/ accessed December 8, 2013.

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A Sight to See The new Music City Center in Nashville hosted the 2013 NGWA® Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, impressing both attendees and exhibitors. By Mike Price od Hendricks represented his home state of Idaho at the Delegates Meeting during the 2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, December 3-6 in Nashville. The second-generation water well contractor enjoys mingling with others to see how work life is like in their part of the country. Whether Hendricks is attending a state groundwater association convention or the Expo, he returns home with more knowledge.

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Mike Price is the senior editor of Water Well Journal. In addition to his WWJ responsibilities, Price produces NGWA’s newsletters and contributes to the Association’s quarterly scientific publication. He can be reached at mprice@ngwa.org.

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

“Every time I come to the national convention, there’s always a new product someplace or a new vendor from somewhere or a new contact that you make,” he says. Nashville’s new Music City Center, which opened its doors in May 2013, hosted the 65th Expo. The exhibit hall made way to 289 exhibitors, with 31 being first-time participants. It marked the third time Nashville has hosted the Expo. A total attendance of 3687 came to the Expo and spanned all sectors of the groundwater industry—water well contractors, manufacturers, suppliers, and scientists and engineers. All 50 states were represented, along with D.C. and Puerto Rico, and 32 nations. The Expo’s attendance ranks fifth alltime among its non–Las Vegas venues. “Fresh ideas promised a memorable experience and it looks like folks found

that to be true,” says NGWA CEO Kevin McCray, CAE. “We hope all of our guests left happy and renewed, and ready for a new and prosperous year.” Hendricks, general manager of Independent Drilling Inc. in Blackfoot, Idaho, is pleased to see the economy beginning to recover in his area in southeast Idaho. His company has yet to have a bad year since it began in 1977 because it advertises so much. It became evident after Hendricks spoke with a handful of contractors that hiring quality labor continues to be an issue. It’s been like this for the last 15 years, but Hendricks notices it getting worse each passing year. Instead of adding employees, contractors are taking it upon themselves to do it all: bid the job, collect the job, and do the job. “Anymore you can’t just go hire an employee to come in and do something

EXPO/continues on page 32 Water Well Journal February 2014 31/

Many of the professional development sessions were filled with attendees. There were more than 60 hours of educational offerings.

EXPO/from page 31 because they really don’t have a stake or interest in the company,” says Hendricks, who served as president of the Idaho Ground Water Association in 2013. “They come in and put in their eight hours and that’s it. We’re all facing this same problem.” Despite this issue, Hendricks says the groundwater industry must continue to grow to survive. A majority of older contractors with some younger ones attended this year’s Expo. In addition to 60-plus hours of educational offerings, guest lecturers, skills testing activities, and NGWA award presentations, attendees also had the chance for some fun, including concerts by the Sweethearts of the Rodeo and The Bellamy Brothers. “With our economy still very sluggish in most parts of our country, it was pleasing seeing everyone enjoying themselves,” says NGWA President Griffin Crosby, CWD/PI, of Crosby Well Drilling Inc. in Lake Wales, Florida. “The format of our Expo was

View Sessions from the Expo Online Would you like to review a session again? Did you miss a particular speaker? Available online in the NGWA Event and Education Recordings Archive, you can download and listen to the offerings you were not able to attend in person as well as those you wish to hear again at https://ngwa.confex .com/ngwa/archives.cgi. 32/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Michael E. Campana, Ph.D., gave a presentation that was called an H20 Talk and part of the opening ceremony that took on a new look for the Groundwater Expo.

A Breakdown of Attendance at the 2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo ●

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3687 ranks fifth all-time among non–Las Vegas venues in the Expo’s 65-year history 289 exhibiting companies 31 first-time exhibiting companies 1481 water well system contractors 365 scientists and engineers 432 suppliers 1253 manufacturers 68,000 square feet of exhibit space $29,075 raised at the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation Annual Fundraising Auction $440,431 raised over the last 12 Annual Fundraising Auctions

To see more photos from the Expo, visit www.GroundwaterExpo.com. See more photos from the Expo in “Closing Time” on page 68. great and we hope that future shows will receive some of the same thoughts for themes.” The Expo layout was more spread out than it is in Las Vegas due to the spacious Music City Center. A rain garden sits atop the roof that is made in the shape of a guitar. Inside the Music City Center it has a museum-like feel with a new car smell. “The venue is beautiful. I love it. Nashville is a beautiful city; very nice people here,” says Peter Piestrzeniewicz, assistant hydrogeologist for the Water Replenishment District of Southern California, who won tickets from NGWA to the Johnny Cash Museum. “I’m impressed with the whole setup NGWA did. Hopefully I’ll be able to go to next year’s Expo in Las Vegas.” Various discussion sessions on the first day of the Expo were popular among attendees, including “Addressing

the Affordable Care Act” and “Succession Planning.” Educational programming covered topics ranging from different types of drilling methods to water well rehabilitation and maintenance to conducting pump tests. New at the Expo was an area located on the exhibit hall floor called “Test Your Skills!” featuring various short instructional activities with some time for hands-on mastery. Each activity lasted for 30 minutes and the tasks ranged from “Using a Spontaneous Potential Log” to “Hand Signals and Spotter Techniques to Keep You Safe.” The Opening Ceremony and Awards Presentations broke from tradition of having one keynote address. Instead, it debuted H2O Talks with two guest speakers from the groundwater industry giving presentations similar to TED Talks (Technology, Entertainment, Design). TED Talks address a wide waterwelljournal.com

Ron B. Peterson of Baroid Industrial Drilling Products talks to attendees after receiving the Ross L. Oliver Award, the highest honor given by NGWA.

range of topics within the research and practice of science and culture, often through storytelling. The theme of the H2O Talks was “H2O—Health . . . Humanitarian . . . Opportunities.” Michael E. Campana, Ph.D., of Oregon State University, presented “Hydrophilanthropy: What Can You Do?” Hydrophilanthropy refers to the practice of providing water, sanitation, and hygiene access to those who struggle to achieve these benefits which those in the developed world often take for granted. The second presentation from Thom Hanna, RPG, of Johnson Screens was titled “Exploring the Adaptive Sports for the Disabled on the Ski Slopes and Outdoors.” Hanna, an active member of the 30-year-old Adaptive Sports Association and long-time NGWA member, pursues his passion to help those with disabilities enjoy skiing and other outdoor sports. “Only good things were shared with me in response to our H2O Talks during the opening ceremonies,” McCray says. “These were heartfelt and thoughtprovoking presentations. We’ll definitely be looking to keep this new feature in 2014.” Ron B. Peterson received NGWA’s top award—the Ross L. Oliver Award for outstanding contributions to the groundwater industry. Peterson, a senior account executive for Baroid IDP/Halliburton Energy Services Group, has been with the company for 35 years. Among his achievements he is helping develop water well standards in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada. Peterson received a standing ovation Twitter @WaterWellJournl

The exhibit hall was packed with products from nearly 300 exhibitors, 31 of which were at the show for the first time. All photos by Chris Casella.

What They’re Saying About the 2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting “Every time I come to the national convention, there’s always a new product someplace or a new vendor from somewhere or a new contact that you make.” —Rod Hendricks, owner of Independent Drilling in Blackfoot, Idaho “A lot of people like to focus on the attendance number; to me, it’s making the best of who comes through your booth. We got new leads and strengthened relationships with existing customers. Nashville is awesome.” —Jay Boland, sales manager for SSD North America in Dalton, Massachusetts “With our economy still very sluggish in most parts of our country, it was pleasing seeing everyone enjoying themselves. The format of our Expo was great and we hope that future shows will receive some of the same thoughts for themes.” —Griffin Crosby, CWD/PI, of Crosby Well Drilling Inc. in Lake Wales, Florida, and NGWA president “We have customers in just about all of the states but don’t have any outside salesmen. So it’s great to meet new people, but I also talked with a customer from New Jersey face to face and one from Florida. I got to see guys I talk to all of the time on the phone but never get to see. That’s why we come to this because there’s no other place you can just stand here and let your customers walk by.” —Ben Bramble of Mid-America Pump & Supply in Hastings, Nebraska “The venue is beautiful. I love it. Nashville is a beautiful city; very nice people here. I’m impressed with the whole setup NGWA did. Hopefully I’ll be able to go to next year’s Expo in Las Vegas again.” —Peter Piestrzeniewicz, assistant hydrogeologist for the Water Replenishment District of Southern California after giving a tearful speech, in part saying “Put aside whether you’re a contractor or scientist. You’re a member of a great organization and what you contribute counts.” Located adjacent to the Expo Welcome Center was the Groundwater TV stage where the taping of live interviews with various groundwater industry personnel took place. Nearly 300 exhibitors were spread out across 68,000 square feet of exhibit space and displayed the newest wares in the groundwater industry.

“I heard a number of favorable comments about Nashville as well as the beautiful new Music City Center,” says Vickie Crosby, NGWA director of advertising and exhibit sales. “Every year is a learning experience for us as we endeavor to keep what works, tweak or change a few things, and, in some instances, do away with what may not be just the right fit for our audience. I believe the 2014 Expo in Las Vegas will be another success story.”

EXPO/continues on page 34 Water Well Journal February 2014 33/

EXPO/from page 33 Top Tweets @geotechenveq: Really inspiring talk about Adaptive Sports Association today at #GWexpo thanks to @ngwatweets! Sign me up! @epley_mike: @ngwatweets Expo is great time to reconnect with old friends from all parts of the world. @REGENESISEnviro: @WaterWellJournl The schedule looks packed with great content, have a great week at the #GWExpo!

up their product information and will run it by his colleagues. One of the unique exhibits was firsttime exhibitor ABB Inc.’s Rolling Road Show. The 70-foot-long, single-chassis vehicle displayed demos of its variable frequency drives (VFDs), control options, outdoor rated enclosures, and remote monitoring. ABB also presented an Expo workshop on VFDs that helped drive foot traffic to its booth.

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Scorpion Oil Tools Inc. exhibited its hydraulic makeup/breakout tongs that can break out tools and joints and service down-the-hole hammers. “This year’s setting was more relaxed and we enjoyed meeting a number of people interested in our product line,� says Joseph Rosenzweig of Scorpion Oil Tools. Eno Scientific LLC debuted its Well Watch 600 Series sonic water level monitoring device that is intended for anyone who needs a long-term monitoring solution for their well. The device can be viewed in a separate location like your house or office. “We get a lot of calls from homeowners who are concerned about their wells and community water systems and they want an inexpensive way to monitor their wells,� says developer Steve Judd. “We developed it for them.� Piestrzeniewicz came to the Expo seeking a way to measure drawdown while pumping in a 2-inch well with a Grundfos pump. He discovered Eno Scientific’s acoustic sounder, so he picked

“We had quite a range of people come through our truck,� says Mary Novak Symes, ABB industry marketing manager, water and wastewater segment. “We had people who had heard of VFDs, but they didn’t know what it was and they were kind of intimidated by it and walked through and learned about it and felt less intimidated by looking at what it was.� First-time exhibitor SonicSampDrill exhibited its sonic drilling rig line called the CompactRotoSonic Crawler. “A lot of people like to focus on the attendance number; to me, it’s making the best of who comes through your booth,� says Jay Boland, sales manager for SSD North America, which produces the SonicSampDrill drilling rigs. “We got new leads and strengthened relationships with existing customers. Nashville is awesome.� WWJ

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34/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

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The Thrilling Side of Geology Hydrogeologist-turned-novelist writes suspenseful tales of mysteries, biblical history—and geology. By Jennifer Strawn im Mercer, a hydrogeologist, is no stranger to writing. Throughout his career, he’s written technical papers published in peer-reviewed journals and co-authored the book DNAPL Site Evaluation. He always wanted to take the leap into writing fiction, though, but didn’t think he could do so. “Then I was talking to my wife, Misia, and she said, ‘Why don’t you just do it?’” said Mercer, an executive vice president and principal hydrogeologist with Tetra Tech in Sterling, Virginia. “So, I did.” Mercer has now published two thrillers that tell tales of geology and biblical history. In his first novel, The Scrolls: The Missing Eighteen Years, his lead character, geologist Mark Malloy, is studying sinkholes around the Dead Sea in Israel when he and his colleague, an Israeli geologist named Gilda Baer, uncover a cave with ancient scrolls.

J

Jennifer Strawn was the associate editor of Water Well Journal from 2004 to 2007. She is currently in the internal communications department at Nationwide Insurance in Columbus, Ohio. She can be reached at strawnj2 @gmail.com.

36/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

“It’s the earliest known version of the New Testament,” Mercer says. “The Bible follows Jesus’ life from birth to age 12. It’s silent about his life until he returns at 30. The scrolls fill the 18-year gap.” After finding the scrolls, Malloy and Baer go on a quest to find corroborating evidence to prove the controversial information found in the scrolls. “The story is two mysteries. It’s the mystery of Jesus’ life, and the mystery of the events that happen during the characters’ quest that threaten to disrupt any findings they make,” Mercer says. Mercer draws heavily from his experience as a hydrogeologist. The fieldwork Mark works on in The Scrolls is real. “The only thing that feeds the Dead Sea is the Jordan River, and as people use water resources it pulls the groundwater and surface water from the river before it reaches the Dead Sea,” Mercer explains. “The Dead Sea is evaporating, and as the surface water level drops it pulls groundwater from the periphery of the sea. As water levels underground drop, it causes the formation of sinkholes.” The scrolls the characters find in the novel, which Mercer published in 2010, were inspired by the real Dead Sea

(left photo) NGWA member and author Jim Mercer and his wife, Misia, stand in front of terra cotta soldiers in Xi’an, China. The area, discovered during the drilling of a well, plays a part in Mercer’s book, The Scrolls: The Missing Eighteen Years. (center) The storyline in The Scrolls follows portions of the Silk Road, a series of trade routes that linked merchants and traders centuries ago. (right) Mercer and Misia visited the Rotorua geyser and hot spring area in New Zealand. This image is on the back of his second book, The Volcano That Changed the World. Scrolls. The actual scrolls are a series of texts found in caves on the northwest shore of the Dead Sea and they are the earliest known manuscripts from the Old Testament of the Bible. “I grew up in the South in a religious family, and growing up, I loved to debate religion,” Mercer says. “I knew I had to write something about it.” His second novel, The Volcano That Changed the World, is a prequel to The Scrolls. Mark Malloy, who works at Florida State University, narrowly waterwelljournal.com

escapes an attempt on his life before heading off to do summer fieldwork on the Greek island of Santorini. Once on the island, he finds he can fingerprint volcanic ash fall, and works to tie to it a resulting tsunami that is credited with destroying the Manilian culture on the island of Crete. “The chapters jump back and forth between the attempted murder investigation in Tallahassee and Mark’s research in the Mediterranean,” Mercer says. Like his first book, geology figures heavily in the plot. “I try to describe it in such a way that a lay person can appreciate it and understand it,” he says. “The geology themes are what makes my stories unique.” Mercer’s friend and colleague, Lenny Konikow, enjoyed both books. “I didn’t want to put them down once I started them,” says Konikow, who’s retired from the U.S. Geological Survey. “I particularly liked the way he wove geology, hydrology, and science in general through the stories.” Konikow describes Mercer as outgoing with a good sense of humor, all of which comes out in his writing. “We’ve known each other for a long time—more than 30 years,” he says. “I definitely see bits of Jim in his lead character.”

Making the switch For Mercer, writing his first novel was like relearning how to write. “As a technical writer I was taught to tell people what you’re going to tell them, tell them, and then tell them what you just told them,” Mercer says. “I tend to repeat myself a lot so I can get my point across, but that’s not a good thing in fiction writing.” He also learned to tell his story through dialogue and emotion, which doesn’t come easy for him. “In a novel you need to display emotion, but it’s challenging for me to do that,” Mercer admits. “My wife edits my writing, and she’ll tell me when I’ve gone through a section too quickly. She’ll tell me I’ve got to spread it out a bit, and I’ve got to make it more emotional. I hear that from her all of the time.” But compared to the editing process, writing seemed like a walk in the park. “When I’m writing a book, I’m disTwitter @WaterWellJournl

covering things on my own and describing them. It’s very exciting for me— it’s just thrilling,” he says. “The editing process, though, is just like pulling teeth. If I don’t edit the book, it’s just not readable, and nobody will want to buy it. It’s necessary, but painful.” The entire writing and editing process can take Mercer up to two years to complete. He spends six to nine months writing the first draft and then another 12 to 18 months editing and improving it. “I write part-time,” he says. “I try to do all of my writing in the early morning between 3 a.m. and 5 a.m., and then I go on to work and do my normal job.” At Tetra Tech, Mercer works with groundwater contamination issues. He characterizes contaminated sites and works with engineers to come up with remedial approaches to clean up the sites. He also provides expert testimony for court cases involving groundwater contamination. Mercer’s sister-in-law, an editor at Harvard Business Press, helps Mercer edit his novels. He also found editors through social media, including an author in Britain who’s trying to break into the editing business. “She agreed to edit my latest book for free as a way to break into the business and get referrals,” he says. “That was a huge help.” His publisher, Lulu, also provides editing services as a part of its on-demand self-publishing packages. They also designed the covers for his books and helped Mercer distribute his work. His books are available as an e-book, hardcover, and paperback from sites such as Amazon and Barnes & Noble.

A literary future Mercer just wrapped up his suspenseful third book featuring geologist Mark Malloy, titled The Tsunami That Altered America. The story jumps a few years into the future, when Mark is kidnapped while he’s living in Washington, D.C. His new wife and a rogue FBI agent must track him down and save him from domestic terrorists. “The first two books were cerebral, but this one is all action from start to finish,” Mercer says. “It’s definitely a thriller.” Now, he’s shopping his latest work to literary agents. If an agent agrees to represent him, a traditional publishing house may publish his work. “I probably sent my first novel to about one hundred literary agents. But as a new author with no credentials in literature, there wasn’t much interest,” Mercer says. “If you read stories about some famous authors, they had the same experience before they became popular. It’s very frustrating being an author trying to get your work published.” He hopes, with two self-published books, the third will be his big break. But even if he doesn’t find a literary agent, Mercer still plans to self-publish the book early this year. So far, reviews of his first two books have been overwhelmingly positive and he plans to continue writing. “I’ve received great feedback on my work,” Mercer says. “In the end, I’m trying to teach through an interesting story. Hopefully I’m able to do it in a way that grabs the reader’s attention.” WWJ

Water Well Journal February 2014 37/

By Gary Ganson, CIH, CSP

Preventing a Drill Rig Rollover It’s important to follow a checklist when drilling on sloped or unstable terrain.

he first rule of thumb in preventing drill rig rollovers is simply look for any opportunity not to drill on a slope. Unfortunately, it can’t be avoided at times. And in my years as an occupational health and safety expert, I’ve seen my share of challenging drill locations. The most memorable was a drilling site in the Rocky Mountains requiring the use of a helicopter to transport and set the rig in place. A stable base was created on the rock surface and the job was completed safely. It is definitely possible—if you are meticulous with every detail—to safely set up a drill rig in precarious locations. But the risks can outweigh the benefits, especially on hilly terrain. That’s because if one thing goes wrong, someone gets injured and you risk losing the rig. I recently helped set up a rig rollover prevention training program for a company that experienced three rollovers in less than three years. Those rollovers, as is typical, resulted from workers trying to hurry to get the drilling completed or taking shortcuts. In one instance, a truck driver who was pulling a rig rounded a corner and pulled over too far to the side of the road to let a car pass. As the truck started to slide, the driver overcompensated and both the rig and the truck rolled over. The driver was only bruised, but fared better than did the rig.

T

Gary Ganson, a certified industrial hygienist and certified safety professional, is a senior consultant for Terracon in Lenexa, Kansas.

38/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Checklist for Rig Stabilization

The first step is to plan ahead of time by scoping out the terrain of the drilling site. In most situations, rig rollovers are fully preventable when the appropriate precautions are taken.

Rollover Preliminary Precautions As with any drilling operation, the first step is to plan ahead of time by scoping out the terrain of the drilling site. This can be done using GPS or something as simple as Google Maps. Basic knowledge of the site before mobilizing is extremely beneficial in making sure the crew is bringing all the equipment they will need to stabilize the rig. And speaking of crews, drill operations should always include more than one worker. Never drill alone, especially if the terrain is not level. Make certain all the equipment is operational before leaving for the drill site. One of the most important pieces of equipment to remember to bring when working on a slope (or even a flat surface) is your personal protective equipment. Include a good pair of well-fitting 6- to 8-inch-high work boots to be sure of stable footing. If any cribbing will be needed, it’s also important to bring enough of the right planks to create a stable base under the rig.

Double-check the site during equipment mobilization, and if necessary, add a wedge or cribbing materials to your equipment trailer. If the rig is upgrade from the drill site but not on a sharp decline, remember to bring wedges to place behind the back wheels to prevent the rig from tilting. Wedge the wheels of the rig so they stay in contact with the ground. Wedge the wheels of all support equipment and trailers. Avoid situating the rig on sloped ground. It’s always better for the rig to be upgrade from the bore, but sometimes placing the rig downgrade and drilling up is the only choice. Always avoid placing the rig at a right angle, or perpendicular, to the slope. Carefully evaluate the drilling site prior to setting any leveling jacks. If necessary, build up solid, compacted earth where the jacks contact the ground. Take into consideration whether the terrain is rocky, because the rig might tilt slightly in one direction. Make sure the rig wheels aren’t resting on loose soil on one side and rock on the other. If there is snow on the ground, be sure it’s not covering any hidden loose soil. The temperature at ground level beneath the snow could be above freezing even though the air temperature may be below freezing. As soon as the rig penetrates the snow, the soil can become mushy and waterwelljournal.com

unstable. Bring a snow or scoop shovel to the drill site to access and visibly inspect the soil conditions beneath the snow. If the soil is loose, muddy, sandy loam—soil that could shift with the weight and vibration of the rig during the drilling operation—it could alter the stability of the rig. Find a different location to drill if possible, or add wide and thick boards to create a large base for jacks or cribbing. Make sure when the mast is raised, it remains vertical. Because of the center of balance, if the mast is at angle and the rig slips, the center of balance will shift as well. Be certain everything is locked in place, including the mast lock and outrigging locks. Before starting any drilling, check everything twice. As another precaution, right after the drilling starts and again at 5 to 10 feet, stop and double-check everything. If it’s a long drill, check rig stability periodically throughout the operation. In the event the rig is small and operated by someone sitting on the rig,

look to make sure they’re using a seat belt. You never want a worker to try to jump clear from a moving piece of equipment. That’s when most injuries occur. Never move the drill rig while the boom is standing vertical. A lot of rollovers occur because the boom is up and the center of gravity is relatively high, which causes a weight shift from the higher center of gravity that can topple a rig over. After drilling and removing the shaft, breaking down the operation creates another opportunity for something to slip. For example, as the workers demobilize and take out the cribbing, it’s important not to drop the rig back into sandy soil that will make pulling the rig back off the slope hard to do.

Rollover Precautions Become Habits A couple of other considerations for seasoned drillers—and especially for those new to the field—is evaluating what you learned about drilling techniques and understanding that taking recognized risks isn’t a best practice.

Just because you’ve done something without an incident, eventually gravity will win out if you don’t stabilize a drill rig on a slope. Learn to expect the unexpected. Learn to observe the terrain. Learn to listen to the operating conditions of the rig. Drilling is a challenging occupation, but it can be a safe and a rewarding one as well. For the most part, following these simple guidelines will prevent rollovers, a worker injuring themself, or spilling diesel fuel and causing an environmental impact. Maintaining balance isn’t rocket science, it’s pretty much just nuts and bolts. Drill rigs are heavy, hard-working pieces of equipment with internal movement and vibration. Always expect things to shift and change, and if you anticipate the unexpected, you can prepare for it. WWJ

Learn Safe, Smart Drilling Habits Accidents can be avoided and Drill Safe, Drill Smart, a 30-minute DVD produced by the National Ground Water Association, will help those in the drilling industry learn about hazards and how to stay safe. Go to the Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org for more information.

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Water Well Journal February 2014 39/

By Ed Butts, PE, CPI

Through the Years All Those Well Pumps Ago Part 3(a): Submersible Pumps

e have cruised past the first two types of the more commonly used older and current types of well pumps—positive displacement pumps and jet pumps. Now it’s time to have more fun and discuss the type almost all of us are more familiar with—submersible pumps. In fact, the background and stories to be told about submersible pumps and motors are too vast to be crammed into a single column, so I will split this topic into three parts. This month will be an introduction to where the submersible pump originated. Next month will be a more detailed discussion on the various kinds of pumps and motors used as submersible pumps for wells. We will wrap things up in the April column. The beginning of my career in the early 1970s coincided with the rapidly rising use of submersibles in virtually any type of water well application. During my first few years in the business, it seemed we could and would use them anywhere—and we often tried to. If a jet pump in a 4-inch-diameter well even burped a little air, out it came to be replaced with a brand-new 4-inch submersible pump, often as small as a ½ hp, 115-volt unit that ran circles of capacity and pressure around the former jet pump. If an otherwise functioning deep-well rod pump needed the packing replaced

W

Ed Butts, PE, CPI, is the chief engineer at 4B Engineering & Consulting, Salem, Oregon. He has more than 35 years experience in the water well business, specializing in engineering and business management. He can be reached at epbpe@juno.com.

40/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Schaefer recognized the use of water would provide an effective and efficient alternative cooling and lubricating medium for the motor windings and bearings. or even slightly adjusted, the homeowner was usually convinced to invest hardearned money in pulling out the “outdated” pump to replace it with a streamlined, efficient submersible pump. I am not exaggerating here. Okay, maybe I am just a little bit. But with few exceptions, a new submersible pump was the way to go when it came time to consider a new well pump in the 1970s. However, as time and the opportunity to see the results from our sales experiences evolved, those of us on the front line who originally sold these magical innovations in fluid transfer were also usually the same people who went back and discovered the pump or motor had failed. We then had to pull the same pump, and explain to the homeowner why the idea of using a submersible pump in their well maybe wasn’t such a good idea after all.

Water Well Pump vs. Wastewater Pump The actual history of the development of the first submersible pump or motor must begin with a definition of which class of pump we are referring to: the first submersible water well pump or the first submersible sewage (wastewater) pump. Obviously, beyond the real differences as to the kind and size of

material each can transfer are the differences in the physical size, appearance, and intended use of each. Generally, Flygt is credited as the original innovator of the first submersible sewage or wastewater pump. It generally looked the same as an ordinary above-ground centrifugal pump in physical dimensions and appearance, capacity, and head, in spite of a few modifications. A submersible wastewater pump usually retains most of the singlestage appearance and performance characteristics of its vertically oriented, above-ground sister. The submersible unit mirrors the same affinity law limitations governed by motor speed and impeller diameter of its relative. The primary difference was that this entire unit can be shoved into 20 feet or more of water (or whatever else it might happen to pump). A submersible well pump, on the other hand, has fairly distinct and apparent differences. The most striking is the uniformity of its appearance from the top to the bottom as well as the relatively small diameter itself, built for the hostile environment provided from a confined deep-well setting up to 1000 feet below the ground. You might presume I’m demonstrating a profound prejudice against submersible wastewater pumping units from the previous descriptions while at the same time showing a vast appreciation for the submersible water well pump. And you would be right. Actually, I’m kidding again. Having worked in both types of environments, I have a complete appreciation for the rough jobs

ENGINEERING/continues on page 42 waterwelljournal.com

Brad Ulery, President Beinhower Bros. Drilling Co. NGWA member since 1979 Why did you join NGWA? I joined because of the ongoing communication I received from NGWA while I was still in drilling college at Staples Area Technical Institute in Minnesota. When I learned of all the benefits of being a member, it was an identity with which I wanted to be affiliated.

I’m NGWA

How does NGWA help you professionally? It provides facilitated information to enable me to do my job. It also connects me with the people in the industry that provide the equipment and products I need.

Would you recommend NGWA membership to others in the industry? Yes — to be enabled — to be encouraged — to be involved with others in the same line of work.

Find out more about what being a member of NGWA can do for you and your business today! www.NGWA.org/Membership t 800 551.7379 t 614 898.7791

Figure 1. Early REDA oilfield installation.

ENGINEERING/from page 40 that sewage pumps and motors must perform in, including abrasive and solids-laden water with temperatures running the gamut between freezing and more than 100°F day in and out.

Knowing Your History As with most stories, I feel it is prudent to start at the beginning with the history of submersible well pumps, which began in 1915. That year a Russian engineer named Arnais Sergeevich Arutunoff developed the design and prototype of a submergible electric motor tied to a centrifugal pump that could be used in oil wells, mines, and ships. Why it was called a “submergible” pump instead of a “submersible” pump is another story. After immigrating to the United States in 1923, Arutunoff moved to Bartlesville, Oklahoma, in 1928 and 42/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Figure 2. Submersible motor design from Edward Schaefer.

started work for the Phillips Petroleum Co. Using Phillips’ financial backing and corporate support, he refined his submergible well pump/motor design for use in oil well production with the first successful demonstration occurring in an oil well in Kansas. In 1930, the manufacturer changed its name to the REDA Pump Co., with the letters REDA representing Russian Electrical Dynamo of Arutunoff. The first electric submergible pump, more commonly referred to as an ESP, was a self-contained unit up to 40 feet in length and 4 inches in diameter. It was suspended by steel cables and lowered into a well through oil or water to operate. This alternative to the mechanical rod-type of positive displacement pump that had been in previous use soon found common uses in oilfields throughout the United States and quickly developed into one of the pri-

mary methods for pumping crude oil from deep wells. The company continued to thrive as a manufacturer of oil well pump motors under the name of TRW-Reda and later on, Schlumberger, the international oilfield firm that retains ownership of REDA today. A typical example of an early REDA oilfield installation is shown in Figure 1. Although Arutunoff developed and patented the first practical design of a submersible pump motor during the 1910s, the design was fairly limited by the market demand to oilfield and oil well applications in Europe. Even though an engineer with Byron Jackson Pump Co. in California later developed a 7.5 hp submersible pump in 1947, its development was largely intended for providing fire protection and for shipboard use as it was generally deemed too complicated and expensive to adapt to a typical water supply application. waterwelljournal.com

In fact, the initial introduction of a submersible pumping unit for water well applications did not occur in the United States until around the early 1950s. Among the reasons why:

Figure 3. Submersible pump motor from Franklin Electric (1950s).

1. The U.S. market for domestic water systems, as well as many other consumer goods, stalled during and immediately following World War II due to the higher priority attached to the war effort and the relative lack of demand for the construction of new homes and replacement domestic water systems. 2. Even after the end of the war, concerns over a possible future conflict with communist countries was genuine. These concerns ultimately led to the U.S. involvement in the Korean conflict, which resulted in a continuing lack of residential construction in the United States as well as a lack of the raw material needed for foundry and casting operations, such as gray and cast iron and bronze. This fear was not overcome until the early part of the 1950s when a building boom erupted throughout the country, the direct result of U.S. military personnel returning home from two wars along with the beginning of the Baby Boomer generation. 3. Satisfaction with the lower-cost and fairly reliable jet pump for domestic water supply along with the lack of a reliable and low-cost submersible pump motor was not overcome until 1953 with the development and filing of a patent for a submersible pump motor by Edward Schaefer of Franklin Electric Co.

The Use of Water Beyond the demand placed upon the domestic water well pump market by the influx of new residential home construction, the submersible motor design employed and patented by Schaefer (Figure 2) had some specific advantages over other submersible motors then on the market. The two basic components of all electric motors—the stator (the stationary element or windings) and the rotor (rotating element)—must be effectively incorporated into every design. At the time, virtually all submersible motors, owing to their exclusive operation within an oil-filled environment, were designed to prevent entrance of the pumped fluid inside of the motor encasement. This required dual seals on the shaft end and complex sealing mechanisms where the motor leads entered the motor. Often these entry points would fail and allow the fluid to enter the motor and the motor windings, rapidly leading to failure. If the motor design did actually allow the passage of oil into the interior of the motor, the hotter temperature of the oil would often lead to motor burnout or inadequate cooling. Likewise, the stickiness of the oil would rapidly cause bearing failure. In either case, the use of crude oil as a lubricating or cooling medium often resulted in more problems than it solved. Schaefer recognized the use of water would provide an effective and efficient alternative cooling and lubricating medium for the motor windings and bearings. Instead of keeping the water out of the motor, he devised a method to allow well water to enter the motor. This required a relatively simple seal between the shaft and motor frame along with a pressurecompensating diaphragm and check valve to balance the presTwitter @WaterWellJournl

sures inside and outside of the motor and a strainer assembly to stop contaminants before they could enter and damage the motor. Preventing a short circuit within the motor windings was accomplished by fully encasing the motor windings within an epoxy resin to provide a sealed barrier between the windings and water. Following the introduction of the first truly low-cost and efficient submersible pump motor by Franklin Electric in the mid-1950s (Figure 3), existing and new pump manufacturers started to design and produce submersible pump ends that would easily fit onto these new submersible motors. To provide uniformity of the “pump to motor fit,” a standard design register, referred to as a NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) fit, was developed for NEMA signatories. This greatly lowered the previous problems associated with one manufacturer’s motor not fitting onto another pump manufacturer’s pump end. Although a few noteworthy pump companies, such as Byron Jackson and Pleuger, retained their unique pump/motor fit and register, most manufacturers complied with the so-called new “NEMA standard.” As time moved forward into and through the 1960s, installing a submersible pump and motor in the well of a new home was just another way of appreciating and accepting the technical advances of the time. Most of the submersible water pump motor brackets and discharge heads of the time were constructed from cast iron with impellers and stages cast from cast iron or bronze since advanced thermoplastics, such as Lexan and Noryl, were still

ENGINEERING/continues on page 44 Water Well Journal February 2014 43/

Figure 4. Submersible pump and motor (1960s).

Figure 5. Early control box from Franklin Electric.

ENGINEERING/from page 43

I have at times over the years played tricks on all three of the leads. For example, I’ve interchanged the red and black leads in the control box to temporarily reverse a single phase motor, added a running capacitor to 1 hp motors and smaller to help tune a motor and often lessen the operating noise, and added extra starting capacitance to the red and black leads to add more boost to a sand-locked pump. During the early developmental days of the submersible motor, manufacturers constantly debated as to where to place the motor components that were most likely to fail. These two components were the starting relay and starting capacitor. Early submersible motor manufacturers recognized since these two components were exposed to the highest level of electrical stress, owing to their location within the motor starting circuit as well as their exposure to constant cycling, they should be serviceable from the top of the well. Enter the control box (see Figure 5 for examples of earlygeneration control boxes with wiring schematics). The control box, in its earliest design configuration, primarily housed the start relay and start capacitor that were instrumental in providing the necessary energy to accelerate the motor on the start winding and then disconnecting the same start winding from the motor circuit before there was sufficient time for damage to occur to either the start winding or capacitor. In addition to using the good old voltage type relay, which disconnected the start winding from the electrical circuit when adequate voltage

not commonly available. A typical example of a 1960s vintage submersible pump and motor is shown in Figure 4.

How It Works The most common type of single-phase submersible pump motor, the basic three-wire type, uses two separate motor windings to operate. The start winding is a relatively highresistance motor winding designed to provide ample torque to the motor to overcome the head and pump resistance needed to overcome the inherent locked rotor or stalled conditions needed to even get the rotor to turn. The running winding is a lower resistance winding intended to operate as the sole winding during running conditions. Typically, the commonality of the windings is a distribution between the three legs that constitute a three-wire submersible pump motor. Note: do not confuse these three wires with the three wires also used in a three-phase motor. Normally, the three leads of a single phase, three-wire sub motor are color coded to enable the installer and future troubleshooter to distinguish between the wires. The red lead is usually dedicated to the starting winding. The black and sometimes blue lead is for the running winding. The yellow motor lead provides the common connection between both windings. 44/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

was built up from the winding and transmitted back through the red lead to the control box, early versions of partial horsepower (less than 1 hp) motors used current type relays to disconnect the start winding from the circuit once the motor had fully accelerated. Pump technicians in later years have seen the most recent transition to the use of solid-state switches. Even though I’ve heard many debates as to which method is best, there is no question in my mind that voltage relays (the GE 102) are the most reliable and easiest to troubleshoot. You need to carry only three replacement relays—a 101 for 115-volt motors, a 102 for 230-volt motors up to 5 hp, and the 103 relay for the larger motors (although a 102 relay will generally last just about as long as a 103). It is easy to memorize the coil resistance values and examine the contacts while troubleshooting. Try doing that with a current or solid-state relay! Based on my experience, the control boxes distributed by most single-phase motor manufacturers, such as Franklin Electric and Century Electric, were roomy and easy to wire. This was a requirement when working with long offsets or larger horsepower motors where the wire size for the three leads could reach up to 2/0 AWG. Installations such as these were when I learned other tricks I often used, such as derating the size of the red lead up to four wire sizes. I often used a #10 AWG wire size for the red lead even though the black and yellow leads were required to be as large as #2 AWG. In some installations I would use a junction box immediately next to the control box and make a

wire size transition in this location and then run the smaller wires into the control box. Well, this concludes part one of this three-part series on submersible pump and motor lore and history. Next month, we will continue with a discussion on early and current submersible pump and motor troubleshooting techniques and instruments. Do you remember the SubCheck? We’ll conclude in part three with an overview on 6-inch and larger submersible pump and motors. Until then, work safe and smart. WWJ

Learn How to Engineer Success for Your Business Engineering Your Business: A series of articles serving as a guide to the groundwater business is a compilation of works from long-time Water Well Journal columnist Ed Butts. Visit NGWA’s Online Bookstore at www.NGWA.org for more information.

Become a Certified Pump Installer Show off your expertise by becoming a certified pump installer in NGWA’s Voluntary Certification Program. Being certified promotes your professionalism to your customers. Find out more on www.NGWA.org/Certification.

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Water Well Journal February 2014 45/

By Julie Hansen

Does Your Elevator Speech Pass the Test? Make the most of networking opportunities with these tips. usiness owners and salespeople recognize networking can provide one of the biggest returns on investment of any business activity. Yet how many of us are actually leveraging these opportunities and turning connections into customers? Too many introductions end up going nowhere—simply because we are unprepared to answer the question, “What do you do?” in a way that drives business. At the 2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting, which I was fortunate enough to attend back in December in Nashville, Tennessee, we tackled this question in my networking workshop. Here is what we found. The model for the standard “elevator speech” is broken. Why? Times have changed. People are short on time and attention. They’re put off by sales pitches. You need to grab their attention and get to the point in a memorable way when you start talking to them. This is too important to leave to chance. Test your elevator speech against the following four points to make sure you don’t get stuck between floors when you’re talking to a potential business connection.

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#1. Is it short? The No. 1 problem with most elevator speeches is they are too long. Many Julie Hansen is a professional sales trainer, speaker, and author. She authored the book ACT Like a Sales Pro in 2011 and has been featured in Selling Power, Entrepreneur, and Sales and Service Excellence magazines. She can be reached at julie@actingforsales.com and www.actingforsales.com.

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#3. Is it specific?

You need to grab their attention and get to the point in a memorable way when you start talking to them. people seem to be operating by the old adage of “Throw everything at them and see what sticks.” Responding to a question with a “fire hose” of information reduces the likelihood of anything you’ve said being remembered. You have to remember, it’s a conversation starter. Most conversations don’t start with a one-sided monologue. Keep your answer to 30 seconds or less.

#2. Is it interesting? The standard speech—“I sell (insert product or service) for (insert company) and we help people/businesses/communities (pick one: provide water, remediate systems, or improve efficiency)—is, in a word, boring! Boring doesn’t open doors. Boring doesn’t get you remembered. No one says, “Hey, let’s call that guy who sells something that will help us do something.” Think about when you ask someone what they do. Isn’t there a small part of you that’s secretly hoping the other person will say something really interesting like “I’m a NASA space astronaut.” or “I’m a member of the Canadian luge-sled racing team.”? I’m not suggesting you lie, but I guarantee there is something unique and special about what you do or how you do it. Get this into your talk to differentiate yourself and increase your chances of being remembered.

Rather than using generalities (“We sell a lot of drill bits.”) which are easily forgotten, speak in specifics (“We sell 50 tons of drill bits.”) to bring your answer to life and increase your “stickiness.” Think of painting a picture for your listener with your words.

#4. Is it conversational? Although its name would suggest otherwise, don’t be deceived. An “elevator speech” is not a speech. It should stimulate interest and inspire questions and conversation. Not make the other person wish they’d never asked. You can test whether it’s conversational by trying it out on a friend or coworker, or by leaving it on your voicemail. When you listen to it, ask yourself honestly, “Would I have a conversation with that person?” Whenever it gets boring or self-serving, hit the delete button. That’s exactly what your listener will be doing mentally. There are many creative ways to craft a talk that passes the above test, but following are three formats I like to get you thinking outside of the box.

Turn your speech into an advertisement. Advertisements typically have three parts. The headline that grabs the readers’ attention. The subhead that provides more details and encourages them to read on. The body that answers questions raised in the subhead. You can easily apply this pyramid concept to your elevator speech to get your listener involved in a conversation. Okay, here’s an example when you’re asked, “What do you do?” waterwelljournal.com

(Headline) “We make your water safe.� (Grabs attention and begs the question, how?) (Subhead) “Through a proven system that removes unpleasant tastes and odors and provides an effective barrier against many contaminants in our water supplies.� (Leads to the question, like what?) (Body) “Harmful chemicals, pharmaceutical drugs, and personal care products found in water supplies all over the country.� (Answers the question.)

Use a simile to make a comparison. When writers pitch a script to movie studios, they often combine the ideas behind two successful movies to come up with an entirely new concept. For example, they might compare their script idea to “It’s like Die Hard on a bus like in the movie Speed.� This isn’t limited to movies. You can compare what you do to anything in popular culture. Here’s a great example of a simile one of your peers came up with in my workshop: “We are the NCIS of drilling.� Or how about this: “We offer the benefits of group buying power to small- and mid-size businesses like yours. It’s like Costco meets the groundwater industry.�

Make your listener the star. Placing your listener into a quick story about what you do instantly engages them and gives them a firsthand experience of your business and your solution. Here’s an example you could use.

“Say you’re getting ready for work and you jump in the shower, turn on the water . . . and nothing happens! Or worse, the water comes out, but it’s a strange color or foul smelling! We’re the guys you call to get to the bottom of the problem and fix it quickly so you can get on with your day.� So the next time someone asks you, “What do you do?�— don’t be caught unprepared. Spend some time creating your own unique answer and turn those networking opportunities into real growth vehicles for your business. To use a simile: “It’s like Miracle-Gro for your business!� WWJ

Get Business Tools at the NGWA Bookstore Head to the online bookstore at the Web site of the National Ground Water Association when you’re looking for your next business tool to aid your business. Found can be cost calculators, contracts, best suggested practices, and more. The calculators are for water well drilling, pump installation, and geothermal drilling. Users put in their costs and specific scenario so they can find out what is needed to achieve their desired profit. Also available are contracts for water well drilling and pump installation jobs and 17 best suggested practices. The contracts feature samples with blanks so users can fill in their own company and job information. The BSPs have been demonstrated to show superior results. Visit the online bookstore at www.NGWA.org when it’s time to find your next business tool.

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By William J. Lynott

Knowing Your Bonds A good way to balance a portfolio is through taxable and tax-free bonds. any investors, especially those at or near retirement, hope to preserve their principal while generating a predictable flow of income to cover living expenses, college expenses, or other long-term financial obligations. Given the volatile and unpredictable nature of today’s equities markets, taxable and tax-free bonds can be a major help in achieving that objective while helping to smooth out the bumpy ride in the equities markets. Even though yields on bonds have dropped to historically low levels in recent years, they are still a worthwhile choice for investors with a need to develop a steady flow of predictable income. Of course, every well-diversified portfolio will contain a proportion of bonds. However, when the need for a predictable flow of income arrives, increasing the allocation of bonds can be an effective technique for achieving that goal. With a careful approach to buying bonds, it is possible to minimize taxes and reduce risk while enjoying a steady flow of income. There are, of course, two major classifications of bonds—tax-free municipal bonds and taxable corporate bonds, with countless varieties of each.

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Bill Lynott is a management consultant, author, and lecturer who writes on business and financial topics for a number of publications. His book, Money: How to Make the Most of What You’ve Got, is available through any bookstore. You can reach him at wlynott@ cs.com or through his Web site: www.blynott. com.

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Going Tax Free Contrary to popular opinion, you don’t have to be in a top tax bracket to benefit from the tax advantages of municipal bonds, especially if you live in one of the states with high tax rates such as California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, or Pennsylvania. The interest on most municipal bonds is exempt from federal income tax and usually local and state taxes as well. This makes them a potentially good deal for a wide variety of investors. In addition, interest on municipal bonds is not subject to the new 3.8% Medicare tax on investment income that took effect in 2013. Municipal bond interest is also not subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT), with the exception of municipal bonds issued for private purposes. Of course the higher your tax bracket, the more beneficial this favorable tax treatment becomes. But even for middle-class investors, municipal bonds (municipals or “munis”) offer a competitive return coupled with less volatility than equities. Municipals are essentially the equivalent of Treasury bonds, only on a local basis instead of a national one. Regardless of your present tax bracket, chances are municipals can help to strengthen your financial position. Keep in mind, however, tax considerations are one of their major advantages. That’s why it isn’t practical to include municipals in a tax-exempt retirement account such as a 401(k) or an IRA. But if you’re building a retirement nest egg in a taxable portfolio, municipals can make a lot of sense. Conversely, if you’re saving for a child’s college education, a municipal

bond portfolio makes it possible for that money to grow without incurring a tax obligation. The yields on tax-exempt municipals will usually be lower than on taxable corporate bonds, so you should invest in tax-exempt securities only if your particular circumstances will allow you to save more in taxes than the additional amount you would earn from higheryielding taxable investments.

Doing Mutual Funds Building a solid portfolio of individually selected municipal bonds could prove to be a tough challenge for the typical small investor. That’s why mutual funds make as much sense for bond investments as for stock investments. Almost every major mutual fund family offers a wide range of bond funds limited to individual states and a fixed range of maturities. As with their equity counterparts, there are hundreds of different municipal bond funds. One way to find the right funds for you is to log on to www.morningstar.com. You’ll find there a wealth of information to help you choose. Look for the funds that charge the lowest management fees and for funds that invest solely in munis from your own state, thus giving them tax-free status for the federal and state levels. In addition to their ease of diversification, bond funds have the advantage of liquidity. Some individual municipals are thinly traded, so an investor who decides to sell before the bond’s maturity could end up taking a loss. And that’s why—if you insist on buying individual municipals—you should plan to hold them until maturity. waterwelljournal.com

The Same Advantages Except for tax considerations, investments in taxable corporate bonds carry much the same advantages and risks as municipals. When you buy any type of bond, municipal or corporate, you’re lending your money to the issuer in exchange for a fixed rate of interest. If you hold the bond to maturity, you will receive the face value on redemption. One of the things that make municipals more attractive than corporates in the eyes of some investors is that municipals are usually rated higher by the major credit agencies, meaning default is less likely for municipals. Over the years, top-rated AAA munis have proven to be nearly as safe as U.S. Treasury bills, bonds, and notes. However, investments in municipal or corporate bonds, like any investments, are not entirely risk free. The possibility of default, although rare, is always a possibility. How much of your personal investment portfolio should be dedicated to municipal bonds? That depends on variables such as your tax bracket, your tolerance for risk, and your age. Whatever your circumstances, corporate and tax-free municipal bonds offer you an opportunity to balance your portfolio to suit your individual needs. WWJ Information in this article is provided for educational and reference purposes only. It is not intended to provide specific advice or individual recommendations. Consult an accountant or tax advisor for advice regarding your particular situation. For more information on how to buy bonds, log on to www.investopedia.com/university/bonds/bonds6.asp.

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Water Well Journal February 2014 49/

By Ron Slee

Selling Is a Very Worthwhile Career Six steps for successful selling any people look on the sales profession as something less than honorable. After all, we’ve all heard stories about the “snake oil salesman” at the county fair. A lot of people are intimidated with the prospect of trying to sell something. It’s not the easiest thing to do. I remember when the dealership I was working at wanted me to go into sales. To be honest, the prospect scared me. But many years later, and too many sales to enumerate, I have a different perspective. Selling is as old as the hills—everyone sells something. Sometimes we are selling products or services and sometimes we are selling ideas. But the selling business is a tough career. You have to combine a series of attributes that don’t often coexist in one person. Let’s see, you must be personable, disciplined, a good listener, understand people, know the products and services you sell, know your competition, be a business person . . . and a heck of a lot more. Here, however, I want to explore the steps in the sales process as a means of exposing all that goes on in the selling world.

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• • • •

Research (Gather information) Objectives (Set targets) Questions (Listen closely) Benefits (Feature the advantages)

Ron Slee is the founder of R.J. Slee & Associates in Rancho Mirage, California, a consulting firm that specializes in dealership operations. He also operates Quest Learning Centers, which provides training services specializing in product support, and Insight (M&R) Institute, which operates “Dealer Twenty” Groups. He can be reached at ron@rjslee.com.

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• Objections (Overcome with facts) • Closing (Don’t give up) These six elements are the pillars of selling. You won’t have consistent, predictable results without working through all six of these elements.

Research The starting point in every pursuit in life is doing the research. You must get information on the customers—on their needs, their wants, and their biases. You must have information on your products and services and on their features and benefits. You must obtain information on the opportunity. What is the life cycle of the products being used? What is the consumption pattern of parts and service? You have to have information on your competitors—their products, their supply chain, and their customers. What is the relationship your customers have with your company? What do they purchase and what don’t they get? How long have they been a customer and what is their payment pattern? There is a lot to learn.

Objectives Once we’ve done the research, we will be in a position to determine what it is we want to accomplish with each customer with each product and service we have available. This is serious work. What do you want to achieve in sales volume? Since sales is a commissionable job function, this is the task of determining what your income is going to be for the coming year or longer.

This is putting up targets by which you can measure your performance. Selling is about adapting to the answers you get from customers and becoming more effective. So determining the objectives is critical to being successful in selling.

Questions To be good at selling you have to be a good listener. It’s not just about talking and making presentations. You need to listen to learn what it is the customer wants, needs, believes, knows, and what their biases might be. This is not as easy as it sounds because the type of questions I’m talking about are open-ended questions. These are the kind of questions that cannot be answered with a “Yes” or a “No.” They require an explanation. In other words, we want to get the customer talking at length to us.

Benefits Then there are the aspects of your products or services, your company, and even yourself that are going to be present during the life cycle of what it is you’re selling. Typically, we are talking about features and benefits. Features are more for those of us selling. Benefits are for the customer. But without good knowledge of the features, you will not be able to convince customers the benefits you are talking about will impact them. I believe a good salesman never sells anything. The customer always buys something.

Objections Now we come to the element many people find difficult and which I believe waterwelljournal.com

is the essence of selling. Objections you receive from a customer during the selling process are extremely helpful. Objections tell us what the customer doesn’t yet understand about what we are selling. They tell us what the customer doesn’t like. In fact, they tell us everything we need to do in order to obtain a sale. In most of my work, I go for a trial run early in the process so I can get to the objections earlier. Remember, you have to make the customer’s objection be something specific, not vague. They cannot simply say, “I don’t want it.� or “I don’t like it.� Selling is about overcoming objections with positive facts and reasons and knowledge.

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Closing

s

Obviously, we have to get a sale to make everything work. This here is the area of insecurity. Many salespeople will hesitate to ask for the order due to the fact they think the customer will say no. Well, how will we ever get a sale if we don’t ever ask for the order? It is absolutely necessary to go for it. And if “No� is the answer you get, then there is still work to do. Find out why. Have the customer be more specific about what they object to and then work on overcoming the objection, so you can ask for the order again. Do so until the customer says “Yes please.�

s

These are the six elements of selling. Each of them has a specific purpose and a role to play in being successful. The time is now. WWJ

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COMING

EVENTS

February 3–6/ Nevada Water Resources Association Annual Conference Week/ Las Vegas, Nevada. E-mail: angela.stokely@gmail.com, Web: www.nvwra.org/event-information February 5–7/ Montana Water Well Drillers Association 69th Annual Convention/ Billings, Montana. E-mail: contactus@mwwda.org February 6–7/ Mountain States Ground Water Expo/ Laughlin, Nevada. Web: www.mountainstatesgroundwater.com February 7/ South Carolina Ground Water Association Winter Meeting and Trade Show/ Columbia, South Carolina. PH: (803) 356-6809

February 27–28/ Applying Water Data Science to Proactively Identify and Manage Groundwater Risks short course/ Albuquerque, New Mexico. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org/RioGrande February 28–March 1/ New England Water Well Expo/ Marlborough, Massachusetts. Web: http://newwassociation.org February 28–March 1/ Oregon Ground Water Association Spring Technical Seminar/ Wilsonville, Oregon. PH: (503) 3907080, E-mail: nancy@ogwa.org

February 13–14/ Illinois Association of Groundwater Professionals Expo and Annual Meeting/ East Peoria, Illinois. Web: http://iagp.org/?page_id=27

March 3/ Get Ready for the NGWA Congressional Drive-in (online brown bag session)/ 12 p.m. ET. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org/ Drive-in

February 13–14/ MarylandDelaware Water Well Association 2014 Annual Convention/ Baltimore, Maryland. Web:www.mdwwa.org/newsandevents.html

March 9–11/ 2014 South Dakota Well Drillers Association/North Dakota Well Drillers Association Convention/ Bismarck, North Dakota. Web: www.ndwda.com

February 18–20/ 2014 Nebraska Water Industry Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Kearney, Nebraska. PH: (402) 4760162, E-mail: jason@h2oboy.net

March 9–15/ National Groundwater Awareness Week/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org/ AwarenessWeek

February 19/ Groundwater and Salt Town Hall: Restoring the Equilibrium After Severe Weather Events (Webinar)/ 2 p.m. ET. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org February 19–21/ Virginia Water Well Association Winter Conference/ Richmond, Virginia. PH: (804) 387-8395, E-mail: info@vawaterwellassociation.org, Web: vawaterwellassociation.org February 20–21/ Alaska Water Well Association Annual Convention/ Anchorage, Alaska. E-mail: denali@ak.net February 24–25/ Michigan Ground Water Association 86th Annual Convention/ Acme, Michigan. Web: www.michigan groundwater.com February 24–26/ Missouri Water Well Association Annual Convention/ Lake Ozark, Missouri. Web: http://missouri waterwellassociation.com/Page_5.html February 25–26/ NGWA Conference on Hydrology and Water Scarcity in the Rio Grande Basin/ Albuquerque, New Mexico. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org/RioGrande

52/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

March 17–21/ NGWA Congressional Drive-in/ PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org

May 4–7/ 2014 NGWA Groundwater Summit/ Denver, Colorado. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice@ngwa.org, Web: www.groundwatersummit.org May 6–7/ Maintaining Water Quality in the Distribution System/ New Brunswick, New Jersey. www.cpe.rutgers.edu/courses/ current/eo0201ca.html May 8/ NGWA Conference on Characterization of Deep Groundwater/ Denver, Colorado. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customerservice @ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org/ DeepGW May 12–16/ 11th International Energy Heat Pump Conference/ Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Web: www.iea-hpc2014.org June 6–7/ Utah Ground Water Association Professional Education Day and Summer Retreat/ Moab, Utah. Web: www.utahgroundwater.org June 8–12/ AWWA ACE 14/ Boston, Massachusetts. Web: www.awwa.org/ ACE14 June 9–11/ Field Methods: Groundwater Sampling and Analysis short course/ Westerville, Ohio. PH: (800) 551-7379, Fax: (614) 898-7786, E-mail: customer service@ngwa.org, Web: www.NGWA.org June 10–14/ Canwell 2014/ Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. Web: www .canwell2014.com

March 18–21/ WQA Aquatech USA/ Orlando, Florida. Web: http://s36.a2zinc .net/clients/WQA/WQA2014/public/enter .aspx

July 17–18/ Empire State Water Well Drillers Association Summer Meeting/ Alexandria Bay, New York. Web: www.ny welldriller.org

March 20–22/ Tennessee Water Well Association Annual Meeting and Trade Show/ Gatlinburg, Tennessee. Web: http://tnwaterwellassociation.org

July 26–28/ South Atlantic Jubilee/ Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Web: www.jubileewatershow.com

March 28–29/ 2014 Pacific Northwest Ground Water Expo/ Portland, Oregon. Web: www.pnwgwa.org

*Dates shown in red are National Ground Water Association events.

April 3–5/ Ontario Ground Water Association 62nd Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada. Web: http://ogwa.ca April 25–26/ Empire State Water Well Drillers Association Spring Meeting/ Middletown, New York. Web: www.ny welldriller.org

*Dates shown with are events where the National Ground Water Research and Educational Foundation’s McEllhiney Lecture will be presented. Lecture schedules are subject to change. Check www.NGWA.org for the latest information.

May 1–3/ Florida Ground Water Association Annual Convention and Trade Show/ Orlando, Florida. Web: www.fgwa.org/ convention.php

waterwelljournal.com

NEWSMAKERS

BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING SYSTEMS

NEW ADDITION Tim Ruppert has been appointed as managing director of Wilo USA, a provider of pumps and pump solutions for water management, building services, and groundwater. Ruppert, who previously served as Midwest regional manager for Wilo, most recently was the Tim Ruppert national business development manager in municipal sales for Sulzer Pumps/ABS USA. His background is in sales, technical services, plant management, and production planning. BUSINESS GROWTH Topp Industries Inc., a manufacturer of environmental and economic solutions, announced the appointment of JJ Lang to manage its wholesale sales business across the United States and Canada. The creation of this new position at Topp Industries marks another investment in Topp’s effort to strengthen its relationships with its wholesale channel partners and independent sales agents domestically and abroad.

For Ground Water Applications *Aquifer Properties* *Screen Location*

*Deviation* *Video*

*Flow* *ELog*

MATRIX PORTABLE GROUND WATER LOGGER

st

Mount Sopris Instruments, 4975 E. 41 Ave., Denver, CO 80216 ph: 303.279.3211 fx: 303.279.2730 www.mountsopris.com

McElroy Manufacturing announced the addition of three new distributors that will serve domestic and international customers from east to west. The new distributors are R & B Co. of San Jose, California, Miami International Machinery and Equipment Corp. (Mimeco) of Medley, Florida, and Sofipo of Moscow, Russia. IN MEMORIAM Paul Christensen, 63, of Harrisburg, Oregon, passed away on December 31, 2013. Christensen led the staff at Christensen Well Drilling in Eugene, Oregon, and served as president of the Oregon Ground Water Association. Christensen had more than 40 years of experience constructing and repairing wells. He received the Oregon Ground Water Association Man of the Year Award in 2000 and served as the chairman of Oregon’s Department of Water Resources Groundwater Advisory Committee. Twitter @WaterWellJournl

ISO 9001 Quality System For Details on all the features of Pullmaster winches, please contact us for the name of your nearest distributor. Pullmaster Winch Corp. 8247 - 130th Street 19350-22nd Ave. Surrey, Canada V3W Surrey, B.C. BC Canada V3S 7X4 3S6 Tel: (604) 547 594-4444 Tel: (604) 2100 Fax: (604) 591-7332 Fax:(604) 547-2147 Email: E-mail:info@pullmaster.com info@team-twg.com Website:www.pullmaster.com Website: www.team-twg.com

S T A T E •O F •T H E •A R T •H Y D R A U L I C •W I N C H E S

Water Well Journal February 2014 53/

FEATURED

PRODUCTS

Peristaltic Pump from Solinst Designed for High and Low-Flow Sampling

Designed for rugged field use, the reversible flow Solinst Peristaltic Pump is ideal for water or vapor sampling from shallow wells and surface water. The metal case is extremely robust, compact, and lightweight. It has no vents, grates, or openings—making it water resistant, easy to use in the field, and easy to

maintain and repair. It simply connects to a 12V power source to operate.

The

Heavyweight

One easy-access control allows high or low-flow sampling. The pump can be fitted with two sizes of silicone tubing. Standard ⅝-inch tubing can give flow rates to almost 3.5 L/min, while optional ⅜-inch tubing allows rates as low as 40 mL/min, ideal for low-flow sampling. Pump tubing connects to smaller diameter downhole tubing with ease for high sample integrity and is effective to depths up to the suction lift limit as much as 33 feet at sea level. The pump is ideal for sampling in Solinst Model 615 Drive-Point Piezometers. www.solinst.com

SIMCO 7000 Is Backed by Company Experience and Strong Warranty

Champ New 80DIVFD New special patent-pending submersible pump check valve for use with variable-frequency drive (VFD) control pumps. Standard check valves will “chatter” and be noisy when a VFD goes to low flow, causing eventual failure. The unique Model 80DIVFD unit is designed to minimize flow losses and hydraulic shocks in the pumping system. It features a standard epoxy coating (NSF® approved powder) ductile iron body to support deep set pumps. This new, exclusive poppet system insures that the valve smoothly automatically adjusts to flow and is noiseless at even very low flows.

The SIMCO 7000 is the workhorse of the SIMCO stable. With an auto indexing drill rod carousel (10 or 16-drill rod), the SIMCO 7000 is ideal geothermal drilling, water well drilling, and water drilling equipment. This state-of-the art drill rig will make short work of geothermal drilling and water well drilling jobs. The SIMCO 7000 is backed by a strong warranty in the water well drilling equipment and the geothermal drilling equipment industry. Capabilities are subject to drilling conditions, mud pump size, and auxiliary compressor size. www.simco.com

It’s another winner from Flomatic…Call for complete information at 800-833-2040 or visit us on the web at www.flomatic.com

Ashland Introduces Controller for Superior Water and Process Treatment

High Quality Valves Built To Last…

54/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Ashland Water Technologies, a commercial unit of Ashland Inc., introduces its new OnGuard i controller. This firstto-market technology provides a full range of performance-based and knowledge-based control, making it possible waterwelljournal.com

FEATURED

to automate even the most demanding water or process treatment application. With the introduction of the OnGuard i controller, Ashland now provides unprecedented program automation and improved system control for customers’ water and process treatment applications. The OnGuard i controller has a powerful co-processor that uses proprietary software to perform complex calculations. The controller provides flexibility since it can be configured to virtually any key performance indicator or key operating indicator for a particular facility. This allows Ashland customers to fully customize and automate their water or process treatment program while maximizing benefits such as reduced water, energy, or chemical consumption. www.ashland.com

Atlas Copco Introduces New Megawatt Generator

Atlas Copco introduces its new QAC 1200 1 megawatt generator. To expand upon the standard QAC 1 megawatt generator designed for the European market, the QAC 1200 was specifically engineered to U.S. and Canadian specifications. With a wide variety of options, customers can customize the unit If you have a product that you would like considered, send a release to Mike Price, Water Well Journal, 601 Dempsey Rd., Westerville, OH 43081. E-mail: mprice@ngwa.org. Twitter @WaterWellJournl

based on their situation, such as high altitudes or extreme weather conditions. The QAC 1200 features a Cummins QST30-G5 diesel engine that is EPA Tier 2 certified and provides 1140 kVA/ 912 kW prime power rating (60 Hz). With this fuel efficient, electronically governed engine, the integrated fuel tank provides a minimum run time of eight hours. The QAC 1200 was also engineered with 500-hour service intervals, resulting in low life cycle costs. With a compact 20-foot container and a spillage-free frame, the QAC 1200 offers complete compliance with environmental regulations and efficient transportation. Low noise level (85 dBA at 1 meter) is ideal for sound-sensitive applications. www.atlascopco.com

Dando Launches New Geotechnical Rig

British drill rig manufacturer Dando Drilling International launched the Dando 1000 shell and auger rig for the geotechnical sector. The Dando 1000 MK2 is a compact, flexible cable-percussion rig suited for work in tight and hard-to-reach areas. The adjustable height of the mast derrick allows the rig to adapt to the job in hand, and its simple collapsible design enables the rig to be positioned easily into working areas with a low headroom. The rig is capable of conducting U4 sampling, standard penetration tests, and drilling to depths of 150 feet using 4-inch casing and tooling. It can also drill to shallower depths using larger diameter casing and tools. Dando Drilling International’s new cable-percussion

PRODUCTS

drilling rig is the latest addition to its range of geotechnical rigs, which include the D2000, D3000, and Dando Terrier. www.dando.co.uk

Solinst Offers Interface Meter with Improved Design and Performance

The new Solinst Model 122 Interface Meter features PVDF flat tape that is accurately laser marked every 1/100 feet. PVDF is durable, highly chemical-resistant, and easy to decontaminate. The PVDF flat tape comes

Water Well Journal February 2014 55/

FEATURED

PRODUCTS

available in lengths up to 1000 feet. A compact 122M Mini Interface Meter with narrow polyethylene tape is also an option. The new Interface Meter also features a redesigned probe and reel electronics, making it even more accurate and reliable when measuring floating or sinking product layers in water (LNAPL and DNAPL). The redesigned �-inchdiameter probe is pressure-proof up to 500 psi, and the reel electronics are more efficient—only needing one 9V battery to operate. In addition, each reel is provided with a grounding clip, carrying bag, and tape guide. New Interface Meters are certified intrinsically safe for use in explosive environments and are ATEX certified. www.solinst.com

Ergodyne Debuts New Head Protection Line with New Bump Caps

Ergodyne has announced the expansion of their Skullerz head protection

Primex Delivers Pump Control Panel with Duplex Lift Station Controller

line as well as the first products to be introduced under this new brand: the Skullerz 8950 Bump Cap and 8960 Bump Cap with LED lighting. For applications that do not require a hard hat but still have overhead hazards, these new bump caps provide head protection from worker-generated bumps, bruises, and cuts without the additional height and bulk of a traditional hard hat. The new caps are available with both short and long brims—and with (model 8960) or without (model 8950) patented hands-free LED lighting built into the cap brim. www.ergodyne.com

The new 331-SV Pump Control Panel with Station View duplex pump controller from Primex is designed to be simple yet versatile enough for a wide variety of duplex pump app-lications. One panel covers three phases and three voltages, offering great value. The 331-SV operates with floats, a level transducer, or both. A clear graphic display, simple to operate controller, and intuitive menu allow you to “fit and click� the appropriate overload modules into the starter, thus getting your pump system up and running quicker. www.primexcontrols.com

Get More Product Details with WWJ ’s Online Buyers Guide The complete buyers guide is online with searches for company name, product type, and location. Go to http://info.ngwa.org/wwjbg/ today!

Thank you for making a difference at the 2013 NGWREF Fundraising Auction! Thanks to those who donated items, made cash contributions, attended, and made purchases, nearly $30,000 was raised at the NGWREF Fundraising Auction that took place during the 2013 NGWA Groundwater Expo in Nashville.

A special thanks goes out to our platinum level donors —

Learn how you, too, can make a difference to the Foundation dedicated to conducting educational, research, and other charitable activities related to a broader public understanding of groundwater. XXX /(8" PSH /(83&' t t 56/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Operated by NGWA, NGWREF is a 501(c)(3) public foundation.

waterwelljournal.com

Classified Advertising/Marketplace 15 Bits Bits, subs, stabilizers, hole openers, etc. Over 10,000 bits in stock.

R L C Bit Service Inc. 8643 Bennett Rd. P.O. Box 714 Benton, IL 62812 www.rlcbit.com

ƨȯȺȝȳɀΎƚȡÉ‚ÎŽĆ›ȽȝȞȯȟÉ‡ÎŽČ˝ËŽČłÉ€É ÎŽ ȜȡȾȜÎŽČżÉƒȯȺȡɂɇΎȲÉ€ȡȺȺȡȟȾÎŽȰȡÉ‚É ÎŽČ´Č˝É€ÎŽČŻÎŽ É„ČŻÉ€ȡȳɂɇΎȽȴÎŽȯȞȞȺȡȹȯÉ‚ČˇČ˝ČźÉ ÎŽËąÎŽ ȲÉ€ȡȺȺȡȟȾÎŽȹȽȟȲȡÉ‚ČˇČ˝ČźÉ ËˇÎŽ Íť Ć ČˇČľČśÎŽĆŠÉƒȯȺȡɂɇΎ Íť ĆŤÉƒȞȳÉ€ȡȽɀΎƨȳɀȴȽɀȝȯȟȹȳ Íť ĆœÉƒÉ€ȯȰȡȺȡɂɇ Íť ĆŽČŻÉ€ȡȳɂɇΎȽȴÎŽĆ™ȞȞȺȡȹȯÉ‚ČˇČ˝ČźÉ Íť ĆšȡÉ‚ÎŽĆŞČłÉ…Č˝É€ČšÎŽĆŤČłÉ€É„ČˇČąČłÉ ÎŽ

Ph: (618) 435-5000 Cell: (618) 927-2676 Cell: (618) 927-5586 Fax: (618) 438-0026

45 Compressors

DRILLING EQUIPMENT

Call us Today! 1-800-421-2487 www.palmerbit.com sales@palmerbit.com

3257$%/( $,5 &2035(66256 1(: 86(' 5(17$/6 ‡ +LJK 3UHVVXUH XS WR SVL ‡ $XWRPDWLF 6KXWGRZQV ‡ &HQWUDO )OXLG 'UDLQV ‡ \HDU KRXU ZDUUDQW\ ‡ $IWHUFRROHUV

18 Breakout Tools BREAKOUT TOOLS SEMCO Inc. All Hydraulic Hydrorench S110H In Stock 1-10 Four Rollers Breaks Pipe Make Pipe to Torque Specs 800-541-1562 Twitter @WaterWellJournl

‡ QRODQGGULOOLQJ FRP ‡ QRODQGGULOO#QRODQG FRP

Jason Corn E-mail: rlcbit373@frontier.com Rick Corn E-mail: rlcbit77@frontier.com

22 Business Opportunities BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY: Complete drilling and service company for sale. 48 years of established customers and still growing in western Nebraska and eastern Wyoming. 2 drilling rigs with all support equipment. Shop and house also available. List of equipment is available upon request. Serious inquiries only. Call (308) 436-2584 or (308) 631-0092.

3 Appraisals Equipment Appraisals Nationally recognized and accredited equipment appraisals for water well drill rigs and well drilling equipment for banks, lenders, mergers, accountants, estate planning, IRS, and auctions. Experienced, knowledgeable, and recognized worldwide in the water well drilling industry. Accurate and conďŹ dential appraisal reports.

SALVADORE AUCTIONS & APPRAISALS 401.792.4300 www.siaai.com Water Well Journal February 2014 57/

57 Direct Push Supplies

60 Down Hole Inspection Water Well Inspection Systems

(&7 Manufacturer of Pre-Pack Screens � 4� ID Pre-Pack NOW AVAILABLE � Standard Pre-Pack When You Would Set A Traditional Well � Economy Pre-Pack When Cost Is A Factor � 20% Open Area High Yield Pre-Pack For Use In Low Yield Wells � All Stainless Steel Pre-Pack For Aggressive Groundwater Environments � Non-Metal Pre-Pack When Metal Components Are Not Compatible � Annular Seals Foam Bridges, Bentonite & Quick-Sleeves � CUSTOM INJECTION Pre-Packs ***A Johnson Screens Distributor*** **We Stock GeoprobeŽ Compatible Supplies & Tooling** *ProactiveŽ Pumps Master Distributor*

Toll Free 1-888-240-4328 Phone: 1-609-631-8939 Â? Fax: 1-609-631-0993 ectmfg.com Â? proactivepumps.com Â? torquerplug.com

Portable, truck or trailermounted Retrofit your existing vehicle New Zoom feature for 2013 360° side wall viewing color cameras Inspection depths up to 5,000 feet Contact us at: Toll Free: (800) 671-0383 (559) 291-0383 ext.111 Fax: (559) 291-0463 Email: jim.lozano@ariesindustries.com Or visit us at: www.ariesindustries.com

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106 Installation Accessories See what you’re missing . . .

Heat Shrink from B&B Wholesale

Rig transportation also available.

71 Drilling Equipment

105 Injection Pumps

8 , : * , , * ,

Driller/Drilling Crew For temporary hire With or without drill rig Willing to travel 30+ years experience 484-225-8729 610-791-9500

EQUIPMENT WANTED: Electric motors wanted. Vertical hollow shaft pump motors. 20 to 500 hp good or bad, will pick up. PH: (800) 541-1562.

80 Employment

75 Electric Motors

Didn’t find what you were looking for? Try NGWA’s Career Center at www.careers.ngwa.org for more opportunities. Whether you are looking for the right job or the right employee, the NGWA Career Center can provide you with an industry-specific listing to hone your search. Questions? Call Rachel at 800 551.7379, ext 504, or e-mail rgeddes@ngwa.org.

"We are the heat shrink people" - Heat shrink kits for #14 to 4/0 wire - Volume pricing - Custom kits made to order - Private labeling available - Quick shipping - Four types of heat shrink tubing in stock - Large selection of installation accessories including pressure gauges, tapes, valves and tank ďŹ ttings packages Supplying "Made in USA" heat shrink tubing to pump and well installers since 1994. 800-593-9403

58/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

waterwelljournal.com

76 Elevators J & K To o l C o m p a n y I n c .

Kwik Klamps 1 & 2 (adjustable 1 –2 or 21⠄2 – 4 ) NEW – Kwik Klamp 3 (for 6 PVC) Elevators for PVC well casing (sizes 1 –16 ) Heavy Duty PVC Elevators (sizes 4 –8 ) Flush Joint PVC Pipe Clamps (sizes 4 –24 ) www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

1 – 16 Elevators All steel with safety latch.

Standard Manufacturing

Largest water well pipe elevator manufacturing company in the United States.

Phone:

(936) 336-6200 (800) 337-0163 Fax: (936) 336-6212 E-Mail: StandardManufacturing @yahoo.com Web site: www.standardmfg.com

SEMCO of Lamar 800-541-1562 Fax 719-336-2402

Credit Cards Accepted

Dealers Wanted

SkyRex Water Well Elevators 2 thru 36 Also lightweight PVC elevators Now Available!

“Complete Reverse Circulation Drill Strings�

Rex McFadden 7931 19th Lubbock, TX 79407

Ph (806) 791-3731 Fax (806) 791-3755 www.rexmcfadden.com

JOURNAL

Put your company’s message here!

Water Well Journal classified advertisements

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Get More Details with WWJ Buyers Guides Get more product information with Water Well Journal ’s buyers guides online. The complete guide with the ability to search by company name, product type, and location is available at http://info.ngwa.org/wwjbg/. You can also view the annual rigs and pumps buyers guides at WWJ’s online home at www.WaterWellJournal.com. Check them out today!

Did you know?

Classified advertising is a great way to reach the water well industry.

appear online (at no additional cost) each month at www.waterwelljournal.com.

Call Shelby to make arrangements at 1-800-551-7379 ext 523.

Check it out!

101 Grouters 0$.( <285 *(27+(50$/ *5287,1* $ 21( 0$1 23(5$7,21 ,WÂśV D VQDS ZLWK WKH (= /RDG 7UDLOHU 3DFNDJH FXVWRP EXLOW E\ *HR /RRS ,QF 6DYLQJ WRQV RI ODERU KDQGOH RYHU ÂśV RI VDQG RU JDOORQV RI WKHUPDO JURXW SHU GD\ 3RZHUHG E\ WKH IDVWHVW JURXW SXPS DYDLODEOH LQ WKH LQGXVWU\ \RXÂśOO EH DPD]HG

‡ 0RGHO ‡ +\GUDXOLF 'ULYHQ *URXW +RVH 5HHO ‡ :DWHU 7DQN 3DOOHW 7DEOH &RPER ‡ (= /RDG 6DQG /RDGHU ‡ +HDY\ 'XW\ 7UDLOHU &KHFN RXW RXU IXOO OLQH RI JURXW SXPSV DQG DFFHVVRULHV DW

ZZZ JHR ORRS FRP ‡ MHII#JHR ORRS FRP ‡ Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal February 2014 59/

115 Mud Pumps

128 Pump Pullers

Hydraulic drive mud pumps —small and lightweight—

71/2 10 duplex pump • Fits in the place of a 5 6 • Pumps 300 GPM at up to 800 PSI • Weighs 1000 lbs. less than a 5 6 • Single and three cylinder models also available

860-651-3141

fax 860-658-4288

Centerline Manufacturing U.S Pat. #6,769,884 and others pending

903-725-6978

www.centerlinemanufacturing.com

Did you know? Water Well Journal classified advertisements appear online (at no additional cost) each month at www.waterwelljournal.com.

Check it out!

90 Equipment New Low Prices

Low yield well? Get more water without overpumping. www.wellmanager.com ✔ Use on wells yielding as little as 0.10 gpm. ✔ Turn-key collection and delivery system. ✔ Fits through 24” doors. ✔ Good money from bad wells. For more information, log-on or call 800-211-8070. © Reid Plumbing Products, LLC

Add a color to your display classified ad for only $49. Please call Shelby to make arrangements Well Managerext. 523 1-800-551-7379

60/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Classified Display Ad “Overpumping” Water Well Journal B&W 2 col 4.25” x 2” 1-2-12 1570 WM

waterwelljournal.com

125 Pump Hoists 2013 Ford Trucks Available

S4,000 Pump Hoist, 8,000# cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,245

S6,000 Pump Hoist, 16,000# 3L cap., 35 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 5T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $16,445

S8,000 Pump Hoist, 22,000# 3L cap., 36 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 7T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $20,845

S10,000 Pump Hoist, 30,000# 3L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 30 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 9T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . $28,545 S12,000 Pump Hoist, 48,000# 4L cap., 44 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 11T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,945

S15,000 Pump Hoist, 60,000# 4L cap., 48 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $40,645

S20,000 Pump Hoist, 80,000# 4L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 72 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 13T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $53,845 S25,000 Pump Hoist, 100,000# 4L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro

controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $61,545 S30,000 Pump Hoist, 120,000# 4L cap., 40 telescoping mast, 6000# tail out line, 100 gal. oil tank, hydro pump, 15T safety hook, hydro controls and variable speed engine control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $76,945

Equipment in Stock

5T Smeal, PR, bed, toolboxes, 2004 Ford F-650, Cummins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $34,950

S6,000 SEMCO, 35 , 2 speed, PTO, RC, 2-PR, 9 steel bed, toolboxes, 2005 Ford F-350, 6.0L D, 6 spd., 4 4 . . . . . . $38,950

S6,000 SEMCO, 35 , 16,000# cap., triple line option, 2 speed, winch, remote control, 25HP Honda deck engine, 2-96 toolboxes, painted blue and white, 2-pipe racks w/straps, 11 steel flatbed, 2011 Ford F-350 gas, automatic, 4 4, white . . . . . . . . . . . . . $53,035 S8,000H SEMCO, 36 , 2 spd., RC, 2-PR, aux., SB w/platform, w/1998 International 4700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $48,950

S8,000 SEMCO, 44 , 22,000# cap., 2 spd., PTO, oil cooler, 1500 cap. sandreel, RC, PR, aux., 2-48 , 2-96 toolboxes, 12 bed, bumper w/rec. hitch, 2013 Dodge 5500, 6.7L diesel, 6 spd., manual, 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . $91,967

SEMCO Inc.

P.O. Box 1216 7595 U.S. Highway 50 Lamar, CO 81052 (719) 336-9006 / (800) 541-1562 Fax (719) 336-2402 semcopumphoist@yahoo.com www.SEMCOoflamar.com See our ad on page 7.

129 Pumps Stop dry start problems with

Vesconite Hilube

bushingsG Can run dry

G G G G G

G Increase MTBR Low friction No swell G Avoid shaft Increase MTBR seizures Reduce electricity Quick supply

Tollfree 1-866-635-7596 vesconite@vesconite.com www.vesconite.com

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

DEPENDABLE WATER...WHEREVER YOU ARE

Reliant Solar/Electric Water Pump™

Rugged, Simple, Affordable

www.artisanpumpco.com

2008 Ford F-450 XLT diesel 4WD 6 speed manual with 76,000 miles. 2000 9 Omaha tiptop service body with a 2000 Smeal 6T derrick. For more information please call 636-234-4170. FOR SALE: 2003 Ford F-550 diesel 4 4, 11 utility bed, 82K mi. w/Cyclone F-40 Hoist w/spudder. Very good condition. $30,000. Call (812) 882-8053 or ryan@ hackerplumbing.com.

139 Slotting Machines J & K To o l C o m p a n y

PVC Screen Slotting Machines

PVC Threading Machines

Perforating Machines Affordable, easy to operate automated machines with touch screen programming.

www.jktool.com sales@jktool.com Tel 320-563-4967 Fax 320-563-8051

137 Services REPAIRS: Eastman deviation survey clocks (mechanical drift indicators) repaired. We also have three, six, and twelve degree angle units, charts, and other accessories in stock. Call Downhole Clock Repair, (325) 660-2184. ABCC Drilling LLC is ready and willing to help our drilling industry brothers. Crews available for hire with or w/o drill rig. Call (610) 791-9500 or visit our web site: www.abccdrilling.com

Water Well Journal February 2014 61/

135 Rigs FOR SALE: Reverse circulation/bucket rig. 2007 Gus Pech on Freightliner. 300 new 8 reverse tools 30 bit, 20 rods, air lift circ. 100 , 4 scope with 30 bucket. Diesel up and down, Hi torque, 4 jacks, hose winder, derrick push out, good machine 400K. More tools available, will seperate. Call Gary Sisk (816) 517-4531. ABCC Drilling LLC is ready and willing to help our drilling industry brothers. Crews available for hire with or w/o drill rig. Call (610) 791-9500 or visit our web site: www.abccdrilling.com FOR SALE: BE 22W Series 2 - Cont. 6 cyl. deck eng. Ser#132185 mtd. on 1970 Ford LN700 truck. $16,000 OGO. Call (217) 246-2762. h2owell@consolidated.net for photos.

New condition, completely restored and rebuilt 1974 Super George SG-48 mounted on a 1975 International Harvester truck, Tandem axle with 35,000 original miles. Brand new. $112,000 O.B.O. Call Rick. 1-305-910-4758 Cell. Or rickbluewater @gmail.com. Miami, Florida. U.S.A.

133 Rig Parts Enid Drill Systems Inc www.eniddrill.com Enid Drill Systems Inc 580-234-5971 www.eniddrill.com Fax 580-234-5980 580-234-5971 Fax 580-234-5980

4510 E Market, Enid, OK 4510 E Market, 73701 Enid, OK USA 73701 USA

x New rigs—custom designs x x New rigs—custom designs Quality rig repair service x x Quality rigused repair service needs New and equipment x x New and used equipment “Transfer of Technology”needs - the x

“Transfer Technology” - the must haveofbook for all drillers! must have book for all drillers!

160 Trucks 30-Freightliner Trucks 6 6, 60 Series Detroit, HT740, Allison Trans., Rockwell Axle, 68KGVW, 315/80 R22.5 Michelin, Low Miles SEMCO, Inc. Phone (800) 541-1562

62/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

176 Water Level Measurement

waterwelljournal.com

176 Water Level Measurement

Ground Water Monitoring Instrumentation Geokon, Inc. manufactures high quality hydrological instrumentation suitable for a variety of ground water monitoring applications.

Phone: 760-384-1085

Fax: 760-384-0044

Geokon instruments utilize vibrating wire technology providing measurable advantages and proven long-term stability. The World Leader in Vibrating Wire Technology Geokon, Incorporated 48 Spencer Street Lebanon, New Hampshire 03766 | USA

TM

1 • 603 • 448 • 1562 1 • 603 • 448 • 3216 info@geokon.com www.geokon.com

Only $995

Place probe in well

JOURNAL

Turn unit ON Read level A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

• • • •

Measures to 2000 ft Built-in data logger Nothing to lower in the well NO Contamination!

For more information, ask your local distributor or contact us at: Phone: (910) 778-2660 Toll Free (888) 803-3796

www.enoscientific.com

Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Look Soon for the March WWJ Make sure you look for the March issue of Water Well Journal soon as it focuses on water quality and water treatment. Included will be a feature story detailing how use of a borehole camera can aid treatment jobs as well as another article on the best practices to use when responding to flooded wells. There will also be another feature article ideal for company owners as it will share tips on ways to make your business more valuable. There will also be WWJ ’s regular assortment of columns by industry experts and monthly departments. Look for the March issue soon!

Water Well Journal February 2014 63/

180 Water Trucks

178 Water Treatment

Specializing in quality custom built epoxy coated Flattanks any gallon or tank length sizes with or without material handling IMT cranes. All tanks are sandblasted and painted with polyurethane paint. Many options available. Engineered for convenience and durability, allows the user to operate at any type of drilling operation. Our drill site Flattanks support trucks are built with simplicity and functionality. Call us for our used truck – new tank inventory list.

NORTHWEST FLATTANKS Steve Wipf (406) 466-2146 E-mail: steve@northwestflattanks.com

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JOURNAL

182 Well Location Services

A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Classified Advertising Rates

Line Classified Ads

(21⁄4⬙ column—approx. 39 letters and spaces per line): $8 per line, $32 minimum (4 lines)

There is no discount for multiple runs.

No new equipment advertising accepted in line advertisements.

Display Classified Ads

Single column 21⁄4 inches wide OR Double column 411⁄16 inches wide (per column inch – min. depth 2 column inches): 1 month: $60 per inch 3 months: $58 per inch 6 months: $55 per inch 12 months: $49 per inch

To place a classified advertisement in Water Well Journal, please send ad text to Shelby Fleck by e-mail at sfleck@ngwa.org or fax to 614 898.7786. Upon receipt, you will be contacted and provided a quote. Thank you! 64/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

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Water Well Journal February 2014 65/

185 Well Rehab

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A PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL GROUND WATER ASSOCIATION

Classified Advertising Deadlines: First day of the preceding publication of magazine (December 1 for February issue). No guarantees after that date. This applies to renewals, cancellations, and any revisions. All classified ads must be prepaid by check or credit card. Commission rates do not apply to classified ads. Current month’s classified ads are posted on our Web site at www.ngwa.org/pdf/classify.pdf for no extra charge. 66/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

Get Safety Resources Online You can never be too safe, so take advantage of safety resources online. Go to the Web site of the National Ground Water Association and check out the resources it has available at www.NGWA.org/ProfessionalResources/safety/pages. Also while you’re at the Web site, make sure to check out NGWA Press’ newest safety item, Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry, a set of 52 sheets that provide information so companies can hold weekly safety meetings on topics specific to their industry. waterwelljournal.com

INDEX OF Page

Page

A.Y. McDonald Mfg. 2 (800) 292-2737 www.aymcdonald.com AMS/Art’s Mfg. 12 (800) 635-7330 www.ams-samplers.com Allegheny Instruments 55 (800) 255-1353 www.alleghenyinstuments.com Baker Mfg., Water Systems Division 45 (800) 523-0224 www.bakermfg.com Baroid 22 (877) 379-7412 www.baroididp.com Barrett Supply 15 (800) 364-2124 www.barrettpumpstop.com Boshart Industries 49 (800) 561-3164 www.boshart.com Centennial Plastics 39 (402) 462-2227 www.centennialplastics.com Central Mine Equipment 26 (800) 325-8827 www.cmeco.com Cotey Chemical 29 (806) 747-2096 www.coteychemical.com

Flomatic 54 (800) 833-2040 www.flomatic.com Foremost Industries IBC (800) 661-9190 (403) 295-5834 (fax) GEFCO/King Oil Tools 34 (800) 759-7441 www.gefco.com GeoPro 49 (877) 580-9348 www.geoproinc.com Geoprobe ÂŽ Systems 1 (800) 436-7762 www.geoprobe.com Geothermal Supply 14 (270) 786-3010 www.geothermalsupply.com Gicon Pumps & Equipment OBC www.gpeltd.com Grundfos Pumps IFC (913) 227-3400 www.us.grundfos.com kwik-ZIP USA 21 (866) 629-7020 www.kwikzip.com Laibe/Versa-Drill 16 (317) 231-2250 www.laibecorp.com

ADVERTISERS

Page

Mount Sopris Instruments (303) 279-3211 www.mountsopris.com NGWA/Bookstore (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Certification (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Congressional Drive-in (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Groundwater Awareness Week (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/Membership (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org NGWA/NGWREF (800) 551-7379 www.ngwa.org/ngwref NGWA/Pacific Northwest Ground Water Expo (800) 551-7379 www.pnwgwa.org North Houston Machine (800) 364-6973 nhmi2@earthlink.net

53

8 67 51

21

10

41

56

Page

Pullmaster Winch (604) 594-4444 www.pullmaster.com SEMCO (719) 336-9006 www.semcooflamar.com Solinst (800) 661-2023 www.solinst.com Southwire (770) 832-4590 www.southwire.com Star Iron Works (814) 427-2555 www.starironworks.com Woodford Mfg. (719) 574-1101 www.woodfordmfg.com WorldWide Electric (800) 808-2131 www.worldwideelectric.net Wyo-Ben (800) 548-7055 www.wyoben.com

53

7

13

5

30

35

11

9

47

Welcome New Advertiser! 9

Gicon Pumps & Equipment

Ensure safe work habits at your company. ÂŽ

Safety Meeting for

the Groundwa

ter Ind ndustry

Company name and location _______________ _______________ _______________ ___________ Date __________ __ _____ _____ Battery Chargin g Safety Only trained person nel should charg type of activity. e or change batter Wood-slat floor ies. Batte ry charging should boards or rubbe shock. be accomplishe r mats should be d in areas devot used in the area ed exclusively to to minimize slips Ample ventilation this and falls and the to danger of eelectr water is also impor disperse hydrogen fumes and water ic tant for fire protec for ing area and areas tion and for flushi prompt flushing of spills of electr where flammable ng skin exposed olyte on the floor liquids are locate to electrolyte. Fire is necessary. Availa No-smoking regula d. doors should be bbility of tions must be observ instal led betwe manually, never en the charged as escaping use a lighter to hydrogen can easily light the cell. A be ignited. If the electr flashlight should Splash-proof goggl olyte level in a be used. es are essential battery must be to prevent splash worn. Yo Your our footwear should checked es of electrolyte have non-slip soles, from reaching your eye wash statio and during the n should be availa eyes. Acid-proof actual battery filling gloves and apron ble shower or hose operation, rubbe s also shoul for emergency washi in the battery work area. In areas should be r boots should be where lift-truck ng and wash down worn. An emerg Batteries are very or other s emer ency should large be accessible. batteries are servic heavy. Handling ed, an emergency of batteries should transport batter ies. Acid should be done on roller be handled by a accordance with conveyors or chain carboy tilter or safe lifting proce hoists to avoid siphon dures—by using Powered chain your leg muscles, . If it is necessary to lift a batter back strains. Use hand carts ca to hoists used to lift y manually, it should not your back. batteries should out on terminals be done in be or connectors. When a manually equipped with a chain collecting shorting out. operated hoist is used, the batter basket to prevent slack chain loop from shorti y should be covere Never place metal ng d to prevent the tools on top of hand chain from batteries and never This could result fro in an explosion put them in a spot or serious burns where they might . Obey and follow fall on a batter the charging equip y and cause a short ment manufactur the condition of circuit. er’s instructions batteries to be charged and for for the proper way the overall safe to connect and operation of the disconnect batter equipment. ies, checking

s Safety Meeting for the

dustry Groundwater In

Related topics discussed _____ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ ________ _______________ _______________ __ Employee recom _______ __________ _______________ mendations _____ __________ __________ __________ _ __________ _____ _______________ __________ __________ __________ _______________ _________________________ _____ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _____ _______________ _______________ _______________ _________________________ _______________ ___ ____ _______________ Related MSDS _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _ _________ Subje _______________ ct __________ _ _______________ Staff ff attending meeti _______________ ng_____________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _____________________ _________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______ _____ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______ _____ _______ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______ _____ _______________ __ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______ _____ _______________ __ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______ _____ _______________ __ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______ _____ _______________ __ Supervisor/Mana _______________ _______________ ger signature _____ _______________ __ ______________ _______________ _____ _ _____ __________ __________ __ __________ These instructions __________ __________ do not supersed __________ __________ e local, state, or __________ __________ federal regulati __________ __________ ons. __________ ____

ÂŽ

a part of your meet sheets are following safety ensuring safe Make sure the taking steps to ty plan. You’ll be your company. at safe es y’s loye pan com the emp be practiced by work habits will

Good safety practice is critical to your personnel, equipment, and customers. Make sure it’s an ongoing discussion with the help of Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry, which: s 0ROVIDES YOU WITH DIFFERENT INDUSTRY RELATED TOPICS TO discuss, one for each week of the year s 'IVES YOU AN EASY WAY TO TRACK WHO ATTENDED EACH MEETING WITH ITS TWO PART CARBONLESS SIGNOFF FORMAT s +EEPS YOUR EMPLOYEES ARMED WITH THE KNOWLEDGE THEY NEED TO STAY SAFE ON THE JOB 3UBJECTS RANGE FROM HEARING CONSERVATION AND STAYING SAFE FROM FALLING OBJECTS TO PROPER BLOCKING OF DRILL AND PUMP SERVICE EQUIPMENT Safety Meetings for the Groundwater Industry #ATALOG 4

.'7! MEMBER PRICE .ONMEMBER PRICE

www.NGWA.org/Bookstore t 800 551.7379 t 614 898.7791 Twitter @WaterWellJournl

Water Well Journal February 2014 67/

CLOSING

TIME

Auctioneer Charlie Waller, CPI, and Ronnie Hensley spot bid- NGWA President Griffin Crosby, CWD/PI, discusses the ders in the crowd at the National Ground Water Research and goals for his term as president at the NGWA Delegates Educational Foundation Auction. The auction raised $29,075. Meeting. Pictured to his left is NGWA Past President Daniel T. Meyer, MGWC, CVCLD, and to his right is former NGWA Board Director Gary Shawver, MGWC.

The Groundwater Expo and Annual Meeting closed in style with a free concert in the exhibit hall from The Bellamy Brothers at the Expo 2014 Kickoff.

“Closing Time” is the page of Water Well Journal that showcases—you! It will always feature a few pictures of people at work at job sites around the world. Please send in photos and brief descriptions and you just

68/ February 2014 Water Well Journal

The Attendee Welcome Party sponsored by Franklin Electric was once again packed with old friends catching up as well as new acquaintances being made. All photos by Chris Casella.

may be the subject on the last page of an issue of WWJ. And remember, if your photo is selected as the cover image of WWJ, you receive $250. If your photos are selected, you will be

asked to fill out a photo disclaimer form that grants the National Ground Water Association the royalty-free right to display the photos. Please send high-resolution digital photos to tplumley@ngwa.org.

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