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Volume 1, Issue 10, January 2004
To r Sea each far ou er r s
avelength centrofin@centrofin.gr
CENTRO-NEWS
Washington Prosecutor Bags Another Vessel Engineer The U.S Attorney for the Western District of Washington - an aggressive prosecutor when it relates to marine pollution - has struck again! This time, he has received a guilty plea from a ship's engineer charged with the felony of obstructing a federal investigation into intentional dumping of waste oil from the vessel into the sea. The prosecutor indicated that he believes such marine pollution practices are "pervasive". As has been true in other marine pollution prosecutions, the violations here involved a bypass of the oil-water separator, false entries into the oil record book, and actions designed to thwart discovery of the bypass by Coast Guard inspectors. The discovery of the bypass scheme was made on September 11, 2003, in Vancouver, Washington. Only two weeks elapsed between the inspection and the guilty plea!
FREAK WAVES
(ROGUE)
e come back to this important subject which has been dealt with twice in the past ; issues 3 and 7. The world's oceans claim on
Contributed by Anthony Lambros (Q&S)
average one ship a week, often in mysterious circumstances. With little evidence to go on, investigators usually point at human error or poor maintenance but an alarming series of disappearances and nearsinking, including world-class vessels with un-blemishing track records, has prompted the search for a more sinister cause and renewed belief in a maritime myth; the wall of water. Waves the height of an office block. Waves twice as large as any that ships are designed to ride over.
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Sentencing will take place early next January. The maximum possible penalty is a fine of $250,000 and/or a prison term of 20 years! The lesson here is that while deliberate dumping of oil is bad and will expose the offender to prosecution and significant fines, obstructing federal investigators is worse and will likely result in even more stringent penalties. In particular, making false entries into the oil record book is, in effect, submitting a fraudulent document (lying) to federal authorities. This gives prosecutors jurisdiction over the vessel and crew, even if the alleged pollution took place far away from American waters.
ince 1990, 20 vessels have been struck by waves off the South African coast. In March 2001 and a few days apart, in South Atlantic (Antarctica) the reputable cruise liners “BREMEN” and “CALEDONIAN” were hit by two near disastrous waves and were crippled, almost, to the point of sinking.
Scientists have understood ocean waves for centuries. They are simply made by the wind. The stronger the wind and the longer it blows the bigger the waves.
In this issue pg2
Using WORK EQUIPMENT Safely pg3
Reducing port state control detentions pg4
The origin and life of the earth (Gaea) pg6
Greek (Hellenic) mythology pg8
Shipboard Security
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MOUSE versus SPOUSE In our 'internet' society there is a new tendency. It is the lifestyle of long working hours and fast food. É call it “The computer bug”. It is a 'hard' virus much affecting the computer operator but not the 'soft'ware. Now, certain people seem to spent more time in the office or even at home, till late at night, behind a computer. They consume lots of coffee and pizzas whilst leading a high-pressure urban working schedule. They actually dedicate more time on their laptop than taking care of their family. But remember: The spouse cannot be replaced by a mouse. Those that you want in your life never take them for granted.
TO THE MASTER: Please circulate this Bulletin to the CREW.
Using WORK E
very so often, the use of work equipment, including machinery, results in a number of accidents, many of which are serious and some fatal. The information below gives simple, practical advice on what can be done to eliminate or reduce the risks.
Work equipment includes: ! Machines such as circular saws, drilling, photocopiers, etc
! Hand tools such as screwdrivers,
knives, hand saws, meat cleavers etc
! Lifting equipment such as lift trucks, lifting slings, etc
! Other equipment such as ladders, pressure cleaners, etc.
What needs to be done? ! Look at all work equipment in use,
decide what can cause risk and how ! Look at what can be done to prevent risk and see whether this is being done ! Decide whether more needs to be done ! Then do it.
What risks arise from its use? Many things can cause risk, for example: ! Using the wrong equipment for the job, i.e. ladders instead of staging ! Lack of guards on machines, leading to accidents caused by entanglement, shearing, crushing, trapping, cutting etc ! Having adequate controls or the wrong type of controls so that equipment cannot be turned off quickly and safely; or it starts accidentally ! Failure to keep guards, safety devices, controls etc, properly maintained so that machines or equipment become unsafe ! Failure to provide the right information, instruction and training for those using the equipment
When identifying the risks think about: ! Who will use the equipment (experienced and well trained seafarers or new starters) ! Crewmembers who may act foolishly or carelessly or make mistakes ! Whether guards or safety devices are poorly designed ! The type of power supply, i.e. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc
What can be done to reduce the Risks? Use the right equipment. Plan ahead and ensure suitable equipment ! Make sure that machinery is safe. Eliminate the source of harm. Remember: # Fixed guards should be used. Fasten them with nuts and bolts # Detailed guidance should be available and consulted # Position 'hold to run' at a safe distance # Ensure control switches are clearly marked of what they do # Make sure operating controls are designed and placed properly # Prevent operators from entering danger areas before the machine has stopped # Where appropriate, have emergency stop controls within easy reach ! Make sure that hand tools are safe: # Hammers - avoid split, broken /loose shafts. Heads properly secured to shafts # Files have a proper hand. They aren't levers # Chisels cutting edge should be sharpened to the correct angle # Screwdrivers never use as chisels and never use hammers on them # Spanners avoid splayed jaws; have all right sizes ! Make sure that machinery & equipment are maintained in a safe condition !
WE HEREBY ATTACH A REPORT FROM "LLOYDS LIST" CONCERNING TWO INCIDENTS IN THE STRAIGHTS OF BOSPORUS/CANAKALLE. MAY WE DIRECT YOUR OUTMOST ATTENTION AND PREPAREDNESS WHILE TRANSITING THESE CONFINED WATERS. QUOTE UPDATE - BOSPORUS TANKER GROUNDING IS SECOND INCIDENT IN AS MANY DAYS. THE BOSPORUS STRAITS WERE CLOSED DURING DAYLIGHT HOURS TUESDAY RESTRICTING TANKERS HEADING NORTH AND SOUTH, FOLLOWING A SHIPPING ACCIDENT DURING THE NIGHT - JUST DAYS AFTER A HANDY SIZE BULKER RAN AGROUND IN THE DARDANELLES. THE GEORGIAN FLAGGED 'SVAYETOV PANTELEYMON' HIT BAD WEATHER CONDITIONS AND GROUNDED LATE ON MONDAY NIGHT, BEFORE BREAKING INTO TWO PIECES, LOCAL SOURCES SAID. THE CREW OF 25 WAS RESCUED, BUT THE STRAIT WAS CLOSED TO ALL BUT SOUTHBOUND TRAFFIC. IT WAS NOT CLEAR WHAT THE SHIP HAD BEEN CARRYING. A WEEK EARLIER, THE DRY-BULK CARGO SHIP 'MANA' RAN AGROUND WHILE TRAVERSING THE DARDANELLES, SOUTH OF THE BOSPORUS STRAITS. MONDAY NIGHT'S ACCIDENT EXACERBATED DELAYS FOR TANKERS PASSING BETWEEN THE BLACK SEA AND MEDITERRANEAN. RESTRICTED VESSELS WERE WAITING SEVEN DAYS TO PASS NORTHBOUND THROUGH THE DARDANELLES ON TUESDAY, UNCHANGED FROM MONDAY WITH 18 VESSELS LINED UP AWAITING THEIR TURN. SOUTHBOUND DELAYS WERE THREE TO FOUR DAYS, WITH 13 SHIPS WAITING. THE BOSPORUS DARDANELLES STRAITS LINK BLACK SEA PORTS TO THE WORLD'S OCEANS AND ARE KEY OUTLETS FOR RUSSIAN OIL, GRAINS AND OTHER COMMODITIES FROM SEVERAL FORMER SOVIET REPUBLICS. IN LATE OCTOBER, A RUSSIAN-FLAGGED CARGO SHIP STRUCK THE DOCK OF AN HISTORIC OTTOMAN ERA PALACE ON THE BANKS OF THE BOSPORUS. UNQUOTE
Contributed by Ch. Trantas (MAROPS)
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FREAK WAVES
(ROGUE)
EQUIPMENT Safely # # # #
Check manufacturers' instructions about maintenance Routine daily and weekly checks may be necessary Check about preventive maintenance Lifts, cranes pressure systems, power presses etc should be examined by competent persons, at intervals specified by law
! Carry out maintenance work safely Maintenance should be carried out, where possible, with the power to the equipment off. Isolate pipelines containing pressurized fluid, gas, steam or hazardous material. Isolating valves should be locked off. Support parts of equipment which could fall and allow moving parts to stop and high temperature components to cool. To PREVENT FIRE or EXPLOSIONS thoroughly clean vessels that have contained flammable solids, liquid, gases or dusts and check them before hot work is carried out. HOT WORK PERMIT!!! ! Instruct and train your younger seafarers. Make sure they have the knowledge they need and can maintain equipment safely.
Training may be needed for existing staff as well as inexperienced staff or new starters. The greater the danger the better the training needs to be. We all started as beginners. Be patient. ! What should operators do? They should check that: They know how to use the # machine They know how to stop the # machine before they start it All guards are in position; all # protective devices are working The area around the machine is # clean, tidy and free from obstruction They are wearing their FULL # personal protective equipment They should : Tell their supervisor once they # think a machine is dangerous They should never: Use a machine unless they are # trained to do so Try to clean a moving machine if # this could be dangerous Use a machine or appliance which # has a danger sign/tag attached Wear dangling chains, loose # clothing, rings or have long hair hanging freely and could get caught up in moving parts. Distract other # people who are using machines or fool around Extracts, Courtesy HSE/U.K.
Inspection alert. Reducing port state control detentions: MARPOL Annex I Problems found with oil filtering equipment are accounting for an increasing number of the total deficiencies found on ships which, in the majority of cases, lead to the vessel being detained. Within this category, deficiencies in particular, were found relating to: - oil/water filtering equipment fitted with a bypass line - inoperative oil/water filtering equipment - defective 15 ppm (parts per million) alarm - failure to keep proper records in the 'Oil Record Book'. The following items are also featured highly in the MARPOL Annex I category: . Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) . Retention of oil on board Recent analysis shows that there is a continuing upward trend in the above items being targeted by PSC. The number of ships detained by PSC inspections would be significantly reduced by minimising the
above issues, and the following advice is given in addition to any standing instructions onboard: ! ensure that all oil filtering equipment is maintained in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions ! perform regular testing of the oil filtering equipment, 15 ppm alarm and automatic stopping device ! fitting of arrangements to allow testing of the equipment and 15 ppm alarm ! ensure that all operations involving oil/water in the engine room and failures of equipment are recorded properly in the Oil Record Book. These are high profile items that are easily accessed by PSC officers during inspections. We propose that one person on board is held responsible for the continued maintenance of the above high profile items. Adapted from Lloyds Register Contributed by Supt D. Papadopoulos (TECH)
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n order to predict the biggest wave a ship will meet, scientists use a set of mathematical equations called the Linear Model. It is so well accepted that the entire multi-billion dollar industry relies to it; naval architects calculate the ship's strength and the biggest wave used in ship's design is just 15m.
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owever, as accidents to vessels continue to happen with waves up to 30m high scientists have intensified their research. Using a new radar satellite the German Aerospace Centre began searching for freak waves around the globe. Scientist Al Osborne inhabits a strange mathematical world where almost everything can happen. It is the world of quantum physics. In this world objects appear and disappear according to one remarkable equation, the Schrodinger equation. The theory is based on the notion that in certain unstable conditions, waves can steal energy from their neighbours. Adjacent waves shrink while the one at the focus can grow to an enormous size. Though this equation has been rejected in the past; however, new data, collected from global satellite surveillance have began backing this case.
O
sborne's work if correct suggests that there are two kinds of waves out on the high seas; the classical undulating type described by the linear model and an unstable non-linear monster; a wave that at any time can start sucking up energy from waves around it to become a towering freak. The consequences for ship design could be stark.
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urrently ships are designed to accept a force of 15ton/sq.met. It represents a typical storm wave 12m high. A rogue wave of 30m high is calculated to be hitting the ship with the astonishing force of 100 t/sq.met. All the rest is history. Adapted from www.bbc.co.uk/print/science/horizon/2002/frea kwavetrans.shtml
The universe is an old place. In fact it may have existed for more than 10 billion years before the formation of our own solar system 4.6 billion years ago. We have a great deal to learn about cosmos and are only just beginning to understand the intricate nature of the solar system. Our solar system is a gargantuan theatre-in-the-round roughly 8 billion miles in diameter. The chief players on the solar stage are a sun, named Sol (Helios), four Jovian or gas-giant planets and five smaller planets. The extras include at least 40 satellites or moons and a seemingly endless cast of comets and asteroids. In the last 20 years scientists have learned more about the solar system than in all of recorded history. Its exact origin is still in doubt. Innumerable cultures around the world have developed stories of creation, and it is not surprising that scientists have developed more than one of their own. Below is a select few hypotheses that may account for the evolution of the solar system.
The origin the heavier mantle and cooled to form a new surface. The primal surface was absorbed and remade without a trace of its original character. A new world was born some 3.7 to 4.5 billion years ago. Differentiation released the gases that formed the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, a process referred to as the “Big Burp”.
“humans are about as qualified to be stewards of the earth as goats are to be gardeners”.
ANATOMY OF THE EARTH
The Earth is divided chemically into the CRUST, MANTLE and iron CORE. The upper layers are also divided by their physical properties into the lithosphere, which includes the crust and uppermost mantle, and the asthenosphere. Crust: Oceanic 6 to 10 km / Continental 10 to 90 km Mantle: Upper Mantle 90 to 700 km / Lower Mantle 700 to 2900 km Core: Liquid iron Core 2900 to 4980 km / Solid iron Core 4980 to 6370 km
PLATE TECTONICS
The crust of the Earth, with evidence, is broken into seven major tectonic plates and about 20 smaller ones, all of which are in motion due to the flow of the convection currents moving beneath the lithosphere, like conveyor belts. The continents are part of them. The measured velocity averages 5 to 10 centimetres per year.
Earth Quakes.
Small tremors in the Earth's crust cause distortions in the lithosphere which then produce strain. Strain energy is stored in the rock like a tightly wound watch-spring until it is released suddenly as an earthquake. Almost 95% of all earthquakes take place along tectonic plate margins where the stress is greatest. Earthquakes are common; about one million occur every year.
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Nebula Hypothesis As early as 1755, German philosopher Immanuel Kant hypothesized a primordial cloud of rotating gas, what is now called a nebula, in some way coalesced into distinct bodies. Supernova Hypothesis The possibility exists that a companion star shared the solar system with Sol. The explosion of this ancient star scattered debris that in turn formed the remainder of the solar system. Collision Hypothesis The tidal or gravitational forces of a passing star wrenched a sliver of solar material away from the Sun. The newly freed matter split into planetesimals that achieved solar orbit. Several variations. Accretion Hypothesis (Growth by accumulation) It utilizes recent astronomical observations and the chemical composition of meteorites. (Any proposed hypothesis creates a lively debate among astronomers and planetary scientists.)
HEATING THE NEW EARTH
c The 'proto-earth' was probably an unsorted
collection of silicon, iron and magnesium compounds, and a smaller portion of all the other Earth elements. The element iron represents one third of the Earth's entire mass. Many geophysicists believe that the initial internal temperature of the planet was a fairly cool 1000C. Three major actions began heating the young world: c Accretion: every falling particle attracted by the Earth's gravity carries with it the energy of motion, which then converts to heat upon impact. c Compression: as the size increased from the accumulation of outer layers of falling matter, the interior was compressed by the steady increase in mass, which also translates energy to heat. c Radioactive decay: as these elements disintegrate they release energy and bombard the surrounding matter with atomic particles. This chain action produces heat too. Heavy radioactive elements like uranium, thorium and
potassium are not common, yet their effect is profound. Heat creates convection currents of molten metal within the Earth's interior. The convecting metals generate a powerful electric current and consequently a magnetic field (north and south poles).
FORMING A DIFFERENTIATED EARTH Until the gradual heating process was well under way the Earth existed as an unsorted conglomerate of material. After billions or hundreds of millions the Earth's interior reached the melting point of iron 1535C. This caused the drastic change in the Earth differentiation. Abundant and heavy iron, collected in large globs, began slowly sinking towards the center of the planet. This gravitational energy, translated into heat energy, raised the planetary temperature by as much as 2000C. Meanwhile lighter matter, released from its parent rock by the meltdown, moved upward to float atop
and life of the earth (Gaea) Over the 4.6bn years of its history the Earth has acquired a minutely thin covering of living matter and its surface environment has remained comfortable for life despite increasing radiation from the sun, decreasing material from the inner earth as it cools, impacts from objects large and small from the space and our petty behaviour and neglect (“it's the economy…stupid”, and the human greed).
“One second of time has created in the mind a strange idea of insecurity which hours of reflection would not have produced,” Charles Darwin said after the 1835 Chile earthquake. The doom mongers are wrong, scientists say. The killer earthquakes that have shaken the globe lately and taken thousands of lives are no sign that the end is nigh. The rate over time seems to be more or less unchanging. As the world gets more populous and richer,(with more urban areas allowing a more built-up environment, higher buildings and all the infrastructure that supports our civilization, communications and the like), the risk goes up. Imagine a future blow to a city, with more than 10 million people and global financial importance; it could “damage the world economy” setting off a downward spiral in advanced and developing nations. The idea of the living Gaea is an old one as well as a new one. Thoughts about it come up regularly in Greek and other philosophies and religions. She is a supreme example of interdisciplinary, or of the way in which the sum is greater than the parts. Looking at the Earth top down from outside has been one of the most startling revelations since those photographs were taken from space 35 years or more ago.
Perhaps the most important single element in Gaea is bacteria. Bacteria do not function as individuals. They live together in an ever-changing planetary web. Their life cycles interlock; the waste of one becomes the food source of the other. Together, they achieve the conditioning of the entire planet. It was they who learned how to cope with the rising levels of oxygen in the long past. It is they who prevent once living matter from becoming dust; they turn organisms including “great us” into food and energy for others; they cycle and recycle the organic and inorganic elements on the earth's surface; they purify the water and perpetuate the chemical anomaly that is atmosphere. 10 per cent of our dry body weight is bacteria. However, only in the last tick of the geological time did humans make their appearance, and only in the last tiny fraction did they make any impact on Gaea's surface. There are more changes in the past 200 years than in the preceding 2,000 and more changes in the past 20 years than in the preceding 200 ones. In the past decade alone 450m new humans have come to live on earth. Linked to this have been an overall reduction in soil fertility, depletion of natural resources, and an enormous increase in waste. Future archaeologists
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will find layers not of fossils but of crumbling concrete, industrial rubbish, plastic objects of all kind, old cars and, and if they are unlucky, radioactive and toxic residues. Water, both fresh and salty, is increasingly polluted. Supplies of fresh water will probably be the biggest environmental problem of this century. There is the human-driven component of climate change and sea level rise. Carbon levels are the highest in 160,000 years and rising. Then there is the extinction of other organisms at about a thousand times the natural rate. There has been talk about an alleged human obligation of “stewardship” of the earth. Looking at the human record of predation, exploitation and extinction of other forms of life one is reminded of the remark that “humans are about as qualified to be stewards of the earth as goats are to be gardeners”. Remember the "KYOTO" Protocole.
(Compiled from a variety of relevant sources. Ed)
greek
The text below is a brief presentation of Greek mythology aimed at giving the opportunity to get to know the names of the most popular gods and heroes, related in a way to the sea and the stars, in a very simple comprehensible manner. Mythology is the science or study of myths.
(hellenic)
mythology
THE GODS.
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uman interest in subjects such as the creation of the world, life after death and natural phenomena is a feature of most ancient civilizations. Greek mythology has been preserved to the present day through writings of ancient authors and through art. About the 10th century BCE the Ionians of Asia Minor began to compose longer poems about the lives and achievements of their heroes. The works of Homer in the ILIAD and ODYSSEY date from the 8th c BCE. The poet Hesiod, contemporary of Homer, narrated the creation of gods in THEOGONY.
According to Hesiod the beginning of creation starts with Chaos, Gaea and Eros. Erebus and Night were born from Chaos, while Uranus (Sky) and Oceanus (Ocean) sprang from Gaea. The role of Uranus was at first to cover and therefore to protect Gaea, but he then coupled with her and they became the first gods to rule the world. From their union were born the twelve TITANS (Oceanus, Coeus, Krius, Hyperion, Iapetus, Cronus, Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe and Tethys), the three Cyclopes (Brontes, Steropes, and Arges) and finally the three hundred-
Here is a brief list of gods, deities and heroes, best known. GAEA ( ÃÇ): Deep-breasted Earth. Came from Chaos.
OCEANUS (ÙÊÅÁÍÏÓ) Father of all rivers, fountains, streams and seas
URANUS (ÏÕÑÁÍÏÓ): Heaven crowned with stars. Son-husband of Gaea.
TETHYS (ÔÇÈÕÓ) Sister-wife. The nourisher, mother of the Oceanids THEMIS (ÈÅÌÉÓ) Represents order established by law and custom.
From their union came the twelve TITANS: CRONUS (ÊÑÏÍÏÓ) & RHEA (ÑÅÁ): Sister-wife. HYPERION (ÕÐÅÑÉÙÍ) Represents the sun THEA (ÈÅÉÁ): Sister-wife CRIUS (ÊÑÅÉÏÓ) Represents the power of sea COEUS (ÊÏÉÏÓ) & PHOEBE (ÖÏÉÂÇ). Sister-wife. Both represent the light at the end of the day MNEMOSYNE (MÍÕÌÏÓÕÍÇ). She represents memory. Spent 9 nights with ZEUS and she bore 9 daughters, the Muses. IAPETUS (ÉÁÐÅÔÏÓ) Represents the origin of mankind
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From the union of Cronus and Rhea came six children: ZEUS (ÆÅÕÓ) God of gods, of the sky and forces of nature. Dealt with mortals; terrible in punishment, generous in reward; fathered great many children HERA (HPA) Sister-wife. Goddess of marriage and maternity. Jealous of all the women Zeus loved. HESTIA (ÅÓÔÉÁ) Virgin goddess of the hearth and home HADES (ÁÄÇÓ) God of the Underworld, guarded by his three-headed dog Cerberus. Hades was divided into two parts: Erebus, in which the soul of the dead dwelt, and Tartarus, the deeper part
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A myth may be a story inspired by either real or imaginary events. Today we use the word myth to refer to legendary tales praising the feats of heroes who wrestle with demons and with real or supernatural forces, and who sacrifice themselves for their country and their ideals. The myths of ancient Greece had a similar content, though their significance was very different and much broader. Ed.
NTROF
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Our Jokes: handed giants (Kottos, Gyges, and Briares). Uranus did not welcome his offspring, however, because he did not want to lose his throne when they grew up, and to have it prevented, he made Gaea to hide their children in her bowels. The motherly instinct overcame conjugal solidarity, however, and Gaea decided to deploy her female wiles and intelligence in order to free her children. The only way to achieve this aim was to take away her husband's strength and she therefore armed her youngest son, Cronus, with a sickle and arranged a suitable moment for him to cut his father's genitals. From the seed of Uranus, which fell into the sea, was born Aphrodite, while his blood, which was split on earth created the Fates, the Giants and the Meliai Nymphs.
DEMETER (ÄÇÌÇÔÑÁ) Goddess of Agriculture and the fruits of the earth, especially corn POSEIDON (ÐÏÓÅÉÄÙÍ) God of the sea and of horses. Could cause or quell storms, split rocks and shake the earth. Lived in a golden palace at the bottom of the sea. Married AMPHITRITE (ÁÌÖÉÔÑÉÔÇ), a Nereid. From the extra-marital liaison, heterosexual, of Zeus and Mnemosyne came the nine Muses: ! URANIA (ÏÕÑÁÍÉÁ) Astronomy ! CLEO (ÊËÅÉÙ) History ! THALIA (ÈÁËÅÉÁ) Comedy ! MELPOMENE (ÌÅËÐÏÌÅÍÇ) Tragedy ! TERPSICHORE (ÔÅÑØÉ×ÏÑÇ) Dance ! EUTERPE (ÅÕÔÅÑÐÇ) Music ! ERATO (ÅÑÁÔÙ) Love poetry ! POLYHYMNIA (ÐÏËÕÌÍÉÁ) Hymns ! CALLIOPE (ÊÁËËÉÏÐÇ) Epic poetry
Cronus succeeded his father and took his sister Rhea as his wife; he then freed the rest of his brothers and shared some of his power with them: to Oceanus who married Tethys was assigned the task of ruling over the sea and rivers, while Hyperion and Phoebe assumed responsibility for guiding the sun and the stars. The inevitable happened, however, and Cronus was consumed by the same fears that had tormented Uranus. When Rhea presented him with their first child, he felt his throne threatened and decided to swallow all his children (Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon and Zeus) so that they could never dethrone him. Once again it was the mother who opposed the ambitions of the powerful father. Rhea managed to save her youngest child, Zeus, deceiving her husband with a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes. Cronus swallowed the stone unsuspectingly, and Zeus brought up on mount Dikte in Crete in the care of the Nymphs. In time Zeus grew to manhood and became strong enough to dethrone his father and compelled him to spew the rest of his children. It was now the turn of Zeus to rule the world. He married his sister Hera and divided his realm in three kingdoms: he himself remained the lord of the sky and established himself in mount Olympus, assigning to Poseidon the task of ruling the Sea, and to Hades the kingdom of the Underworld. Zeus gradually formed the group of twelve gods who would dwell with him on Olympus.
A friend of mine once sent me a post card with a picture of the entire planet Earth taken from space. On the back it said, “Wish you were here”. I put tape on the mirrors in my house so I don't accidentally walk through into another dimension. Smoking cures weight problems…eventually
QUOTATIONS Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get We hang the petty thieves and appoint the great ones to public office Aesop. Pay attention to your enemies. They are the first to discover your mistakes. Antisthenes. The mind is not a vessel to be filled but a fire to be kindled Plutarch It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it Aristotle Talk is cheap because supply exceeds demand
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Shipboard Security
Rene Gruau
Be on the lookout for...
Courtecy ,USA
M
Editor: Cmdr Nicholas A. Iliopoulos Staff Captain Manning & Training Tel: +30.210 8983.305 Fax: +30.210 8983.231 E-mail: nai@centrofin.gr Design-Production: www.paradox.com.gr Tel: +30.210 6560.832
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CENTRO-NEWS
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Wavelength
Articles written in this bulletin do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CENTROFIN. DISCLAIMER. The contents provided herewith are for general information purposes only; not intended to replace or otherwise contradict the detailed instructions issued by the owners, flag etc.
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Terrorism adds a new dimension to the various threats which the shipping industry has laboured* for many years. Seafarers need practical help, not merely reactive paper schemes which may well be to cover somebody else's real responsibilities. by Michael Grey - DNV FORUM *Note: An industry already heavily over-regulated. Ed.