Gospel of buddha

THE

GOSPEL BUDDHA

OF

COMPILED

FROM

RECORDS

ANCIENT

BY

PAUL

CARUS

ILLUSTRATED

BY

O.

CHICAGO

THE

OPEN

COURT

KOPETZKY

AND

LONDON

PUBLISHING

1915

COMPANY

''^=^^^,-.;^ iS^

1894

Copyright

States.

United THE

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191

Britain

IN

ACT OF

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rights

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PREFACE.

booklet

THIS iliar

been

needs

with

the

made

zeal

Biihler,

Bumouf,

Dutoic,

Eitel,

Spence Karl

sacred

accessible

Foucaux,

Hodgson,

Charles

Bhikkhu

Clarke

Wassiljew,

Warren, those

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intelligible arrai^ed; introductory

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old

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Buddhist

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from in

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Wintemitz

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translations

rather

it

the

MiiUer,

Max

Strong,

Windisch,

indeed

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Schiefher,

M.

subject

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order others

defatigable in-

Davids,

Rhys

F.

Pischel, D.

the

Beal, Bigandet,

Lanman,

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contents

literally copied are

R.

famhave

Edmund

Francke,

Weber,

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Nyanaiiloka,

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preserving

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Gospel

of

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ventured

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in

the

Fourth

the

a

supposed

his the kind to

psychical activity

as

distinct

a

being, assumed

agent Buddhism

of

(mind

tnanas

and

there

is

besides.

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various here

countries,

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correctness

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dition tra-

ment state-

points.

Buddhisty

Buddhism,"

of

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manas

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(self)

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manas^

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monistic.

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Organ

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of

review

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the

Gospel of

Buddha: "The

difficult of

subject

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and

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far

ourselves

atman

view

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think

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atman^

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doctrine

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accurate, the

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in

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grasp

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and doctrine

we

of

Buddhism."

IX

This but

dtman'Supexsxidony

all

in

egotism the

The

Buddha

self,

so

is

from

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of

the

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in

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no

atman

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karma,

death

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solution his

Any

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ethics which

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man

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see

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positive how

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religion imparts. aspect

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live. to

comfort

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soul

and

we

expresses

mankind;

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cleansed

attending

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self.

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entirely

lust,

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nature

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(as

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philosophical

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dogmas

instead

good-will.

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Max

Miiller:

identically

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frightened,

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fector

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anity, Christi-

delighted,

for

believed

by

it is

race."

XI

The

trouble

main

There

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man

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have

obtained

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of

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add

we

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teachings, All the

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xn

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require

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philosophical character,

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law

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necessity

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dogmatology

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good-will

to

those

join

especially adapted.

antagonism

religionof

however,

is

universal

strongly developed

is

in

of

powerftil it

its

with

rise

gave

evolution

the

imbuing

most

needs

amount

so

which,

the

spiritual

the

possible

in

in

preach

to

less

of

it

as

positive propositions.

Christianity

mission

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a

mercy

whose

to

in

still

account

on

far

so

which

can

ingredients.

succeeded

has

and

charity

we

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still has

and

Buddhism,

in

who

in

to

educate

to

attempts

zeal

religious

the

rejecting

Mahayana

much

religion, and

a

prevails,

adaptation

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step

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it

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negatively expressed,

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the

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philosophy

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from

accomplished

is

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has

and

The

them.

nations

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fatal

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conceptions mature

will

insight

our

bring

out

of

us

Buddhists

into

that

and

the

length Above

Religion

into

universal

hope

this

Christians

of

spirit

but

rel^on,

nobler

a

reli^on Let

either

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the

faith

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end

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significance

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feith,

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help

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see

its

both

serve

fiill

height,

breadth.

and

any

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and

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is

Truth. Paul

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PRONUNaATION. Pronounce; a

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to

OF

TABLE

CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTION. PAGE

I. II.

HI.

Rejoice

i

Sanuant

and the

Truth

Nir^na Saviour

PRINCE

The

Bodhisatta's

V.

The

Ties

The

Three

The

Bodhisatca's

VII.

Vm.

X. XI. XII.

The

BECOMES

BUDDHA.

Birth

of

7

Life

ij

Woes

i+

Renundation

19

Bimbi^ra

King

IX.

s

SIDDHATTHA

IV.

VI.

a

xS

Bodlusatta's the

Uruveli, the

Maia,

Search Place

Evil

of

39

Mortification

34

One

i6

Enlightenment

Xni.

The

First

XIV.

Brahn^'s

THE

J9

Converts

4*

Request

4

FOUNDATION

OF

THE

KINGDOM

OF

RIGHTEOUSNESS.

XV. XVI.

Upaia The

47

Sermon

at

Benare

49

xvn

PAGE

The

XVII.

of

Youth

the

Yasa,

XVIII.

$6

Sangha

58

Benares

62

Kassapa

XIX. XX.

The

Sermon

XXI.

The

King's

Moggallana

XXIII.

Anathapindika

XXrV.

The

XXV.

69

Gift

and

Sariputta

XXn.

6$

Rajagaha

at

70 72

Sermon

Charity

on

7S

76

Jetavana The

XXVI.

Three

and

Characteristics

the

80

Uncreate ....

The

XXVII. XXVm. XXIX.

Yasodhara

84

Rahula

86

Jivaka, The

XXXI.

Buddha's

The

XXXrV.

Visakha

XXXVI.

The

Schism

XXXVII.

The

Re-establishment

XXXVffl.

The

Bhikkhus

Name

The

XLL XLII.

92 Women

and

98

Patimokkha

100

and

of

Concord

Rebuked

XLIII.

XLIV.

Secrecy

VI. VII.

Form

iii

118

Forbidden

and

1 19

Worldliness

of

Vanity

the

of

Ten

Preacher's

XLIX. L. LI.

123

Suffering

1

24

116

Evils

Mission

THE XLVUI.

121

Publicity

Annihilation

Avoiding The

103 109

Goal

The

The

93

no

Miracles

XLV.

xvni

Sangha

Devadatta

XL.

91

94

Uposatha

XL

Nirvana

Toward

Conduct

Bhikkhus'

The

XL

the

to

XXXV.

XXXIX.

RELIGION.

89 Attain

Parents

Admitted

XXXIII.

BUDDHA'S

Physician

the

Women

XXXII.

THE

OF

CONSOLIDATION XXX.

82

Father

Buddha's

127

TEACHER.

The

Dhammapada

131

The

IVo

139

Guard Simha's

Brahmans

the

Six

Quarters

Question

Concerning

144

Annihilation

145

THE

LAST

DAYS. PAGE

LXXXVm.

The

Conditions

Szripuna's

LXXXIX.

XC.

of

Welfare

ai?

Fudi

321

PitEdipuTO

Xa.

The

XCII.

aaj

Mirror

of

Truth

laj

Ambapill

la?

XCin.

The

Buddha's

XCIV.

The

Buddha

Chnnda,

XCV. XCVI.

Address

FareweU

Announces the

a3a

His

Death

tiS

Smith

237

Metteyya The

XCVU.

141

Buddlia's

Fuul

Into

Entering

Nirvana .

.

.

.

a45

CONCLUSION.

XCVin.

XQX. C.

Table

of

Three

The

Purpose

The

Praise

of

Personalities of of

the

Buddha

151

Being

ajT

the

All

Buddhas

a^S

Reference

Abbrenations

Glossary

The

160

in of

Names

the

Table and

of

Reference

afiS

Terms

271

Index Remarks

iSe

on

die

illustrations

of

the

Gospel

of

Buddha ....

]o7

fO*

^9T*'

of

BucUJja

tHoftra-tecL

5,^

REJOICE has The and

shown

redeems

of

He

fain

that that

yearn

give

suifer

have for

a

to

life

of

struggle truth,

death.

t

the

to

to

peace

under

the

the

burden

weak

when

and

hope, of

tribulations and

mind

our

restores

to

the

i

comfort

self-reliance

up

from

of

of

terror

down

evilj

all

salvation.

brings

courage

Buddha, of

illusions

he

broken

gives

would

Ye

Lord,

our

are

life.

ye

the

sorrow-laden;

who

they

from

The

root

of

way the

us

and

those

the

tidings! the

dispels

Buddha,

weary

found

us

Buddha

The

glad

has

Lord,

oixr

he

the

at

endure,

rejoice

at

ye the

j

life, that

glad

ridings! There is

bread

4

is

balm

for

the

for

the

hungry.

and

wounded, There

is

water

there

for

i

the

and

thirsty, for

light for

diose

Heal

fiill of

ye

cheer,

good

truth,

is

and

firm

take

The

Buddha,

The

truth

is

blessing

5

can

Rejoice

at

the

sit

in

darkness^ 6

for

of

the

of

darkness

The We

truth.

kingdom

can

our

see

steps.

7

revealed

has

and

strengthens

the

life of

evils

truth.

redeems

in

us

the

conquer

that

earth.

diseases

our

truth

alone

certain

thirsty quench

are

truth,

upon

Lord,

our

the

light

fill,ye

your

forlorn.

are

love

the

and

cures

the

that

ye

eat

who

light, ye

founded

by

and

ye

the

that

ye

dispelled

is

truth

is inexhaustible

there

and

to

up

righteousness

way

There

despairing.

wounded,

ye

weary,

Look

in

Trust

error

and

the

5

Rest,

thirst.

be

darkness,

wounds,

your

hungry.

of

in

for

hope

upright.

the

your

is

there

8

from

us

and

in

dition per-

deaths

the

error.

9

glad tidings!

10

n.

SAMSARA

about

Look

birth

and

and

contemplate

and is

Everything

death,

NIRVANA.

AND

life!

and

transient

decay;

There

endures.

nothing

and

growth

i

combination

is

there

is

separation. The

glory

bloom

in

the

Wherever and

an

from

eager

pain

and

The

heart

there

world

pursuit

is

and

hot

vanity

is

in a

the

heat

rushing

and

There

is

fair,

of

the

a

full

of

fiill

day.

no

Is

panic of

flight

burning

changes

and 4

in

the

resting-place there

3

struggling,

a

flames

the

are

in

it stands

flower:

Samsara.

permanent

peace?

a

pleasure.

is

turmoil

find

of

death,

All

fades

there

look,

like

is

and

morning

nothing

universal can

the

world

transformations.

the

of

you

desires.

Is

2

nothing

world? where

Is our

there

in

troubled

everlasting?

5

Learn of

between

distinguish

to

selfishness

and

the

self; it is universal

and

leads

cause

Self,

that

being,

their

Seek If ill

which

seems

is

the

liberate

the in

Yet

it,

without

then,

false

the

is

verily,

self

and

false

the

combination. will

attain

will

become

break but

The is

the

self

is

Nirvana.

pleasure

and

that Let

us

of

everlasting

take

us

the

through refuge endeavor

is

in

the to

in the

our

the

the

community in

the

truth

Nirvana

has

highest

good,

in

the

in

the of

of truth.

Buddha,

the

those

the

worlds

be

for

tered; scat-

ever.

19

of

annihilation

blotting

ceased his

of

out

for

live

to

and

composure

bliss.

Let in

will

the

Verily

transient.

refuge

the

again,

the

has

highest

immutable

en%htenment

live

who

truth.

refuge

tism ego-

perishable

a

remain

salvation;

he

is

are

our

will

Buddha

enlightenment;

the

mind

take

which

in

rests

dissolved

individualities

is

Happy

its

18

be

our

the

of

between

with

the

acquired

shall

self

condition

tranquillity

the

of

extinction

self

of

self

be

immortal.

and

words

and

17

So

all

entered

has

who

and

pieces

the

his

has

things

to

identifies he

he

eternal

compound

Let

and

Nirvana;

unrest.

witii

illusion

pear ap-

erroneous

distinguish

unreal

an

who

only

Buddhahood;

has All

It is

will

of

self-love.

ego

flecting re-

admixture

abandon to

no

the

and

The

wish

picture

clinging

learn

self.

true

self

He

attained he

the

as

diamond

distortion

not

5

able. imperish-

selves,

without

are,

of

should

ye

self

their the

1

16

radiant

the

will

and

love

crystal

a

a

agitation

self

love

ye

but

the

as

they

without

desires,

burning

no

righteousness.

petty

our

what as

to

truth.

clear

things

and

is the

cleaves

truth

everlasting,

the

from

truth,

mirroring

us

illusion,

of

Self

Truth.

who

the

seek

become

light

evil;

those

to

souls

and

others,

of

justice

to

eternal,

our

and

source

but

self,

not

we

to

of

not

Self

us

20

for take

he

that

of

Buddha. who

is Let

seek

the

found

refuge

our

changes

truth

has

in

existence. established us

take truth

our

and 21

III.

TRUTH

The

made and

and

them

the

when

hidden Truth

There no

is

the

as

truth

that

what

isted ex-

their

effect

and

cause

past

is uniform i

there

is is

5

truth

The

in

its

to

become

longs

of

constancy

a

truth.

permanent

appear

law, lies

truth

changes.

2

conscious^

itself.

in

the

its

destroy

of

subject

are

elements

are

there

seen

know

in

of

law

things

is

to

to

power

can

law

Samsara

strives

inhabitants

creatures

the

changing

desires

truth

its

exception.

the in

and

living

for

5

SAVIOUR.

combinations

all

without

in

But

world

are

and

before, actions

the

They

change.

to

of

things

THE

the

3

for

stone,

world,

god,

no

existence.

the

the

But

is

stone

no

man,

stone

has

and

herej

demon,

no

ness. conscious-

no

4

There

plant

is

truth

but

marvellous, There

is

of

of

consciousness, is

It

a

the

illusion,

it

of

self.

Self

is the

self

origin of

ceives per-

choose.

to

consciousness

the

only.

the

dims

of

6

of

eyes error,

mind

the

it is the

source

evil.

There

7

is

evil

no

what

but

wrong

no

and

self

of

learns

yet

not

and

about

moves

but is

flows

what

done

by

creator

the 8

beginning

and

is

beauty

5

it

it is

is the

germ

is

Its

self.

impudence

the

the

There

of

assertion

It

fruit.

distinguishes

but

selfishness.

begets

from

is

animal;

consciousness

truth.

it

bears

the

expand;

can

consciousness.

the

consciousness

Self

of

in

truth

life

its

and

and

no

is

hides

and

has

surroundings;

Truth. The

it

its There

plant

blossoms

and

grows

the

in

of

all

indecency,

and

bloodshed. of

Self mischief.

hatred, of is

of

theft

Mara,

iniquity and the

and

robbery, tempter,

slander, of the

pression opdoer, evil9

Self

with

entices Self

is

road desires

that

Who

deliver

shall from

us

save

paradisian

dise. parathe

But

labyrinth

kindles

the

is

the

flames

of lo

the

of

power

shall

Who

misery?

enchanter.

beauty

from

us

fairy's

a

satisfied.

be

can

never

the

its

i"ding

its

promises

Maya,

unreal,

are

and

misery,

to

of

veil

the self

of

pleasures

Self

pleasures.

self?

restore

Who to

us

shall life

a

of

blessedness?

1

There

is

of

all

But

it

misery

of

is

the it

mindj

yearning

flames

the

quenches

the

to

peace

the

is much

leads

it

desires;

12

at

he

is in

rest

changes;

struggles

he

is

is

he

down

and

purity

beings.

is for The

he he

truth

invincible!

fected unaf-

remains

enlightenment. he

wounded; he

is

The

is

He

his

of

essence

and

although

his

he

is immortal,

he

work;

is

a

misery.

has

been

The

attained

work

to

being

its

abode

his

is

and

for

fellow-

his Perfect

him.

dom wisensouls

righteousness

1

for

power

truth

alone

has

by

in

out

truth

Buddha

proclaimed

of

Bud-

actions.

living the

in

of

state

salvation

the

out

taken

sacred

the

understanding,

mankind,

3

quers, con-

glorious

strong,

of

burden

die.

has

has

all

Work

and

Buddha!

is above

14

is fit

his of

purpose

among

found

the

may

who

truth

illumines

The

He

goodness.

Blessed

dhahood,

life; he he

death;

suffer;

may

he

and

Nirvana.

1

be

may

under

although

of

tribulations

and

has

he

of

peace

life.

who

although

break

may

of

he

the

birth

above

evils

although happy,

found

has

who

the

the

Blessed

it

gives

all

than

greater

there

Samsara;

Nirvana.

by

the

of

world

the

Truth

error;

Blessed is

pain.

truth.

conquers to

in

and

misery bliss

misery

1

the

found

good, your is

the

the

Buddha!

indestructible

mind, saviour truth

and

Blessed

5

and

and

spread

from the be

evil truth the 16

lotus.

the

As

The

spirit of

the unto

When she

asked

knew

the

king

bear

there

passed

through

flowers The

and

her

in

tree

She about

a

hold

her

been At

mother

bom

unto

her

couch

bless

to

the

the

Lord;

the

good

and

8

her

giant had

hour

hung travail

great

Brahma

who

O

aged

an

upon

came

held

out

from 5

placing

him

fore be-

mighty

son

a

queen,

curtain

a

perfect.

and

and

Sala

come.

forth

came

imploring

woman

has

ens heav-

the

7

flooded

deaf

to

dumb

and

the

their

of

birth the

lame

chains

and

Buddha

walked. the

fires

be.

to

oners pris-

All of

of of

another

one

the

ceived re-

glory

coming

with

spoke

straight}

from

the

see

blind

The

Ught.

with

longing

became

all the

extinguished.

clear, the

the

of

child

left

6

indicating

clouds

became

the

"Rejoice,

were

freed

were

No

reached

bright

sun

branches.

child.

sight by

crooked

hells

took

stood

omens

were

rising

fragrant

shady walks,

the

pain

babe,

of

their

attendants

the

whenMaya-

thee."

worlds

the

the

the

said:

the

their

The

like

Brahma-angels the

All

side

of

she 4

mass

in

felt that

the

angels

receive

to

one

she

Her

and

child

the

and

grove,

through

When

retired.

net

right The

branch.

a

near,

request.

warbhng

grove,

was

parents^

and

her

when

3

her

to

were

stroll

the

pure-minded

golden

trees

were

to

of

of

and

four

it the birds

midst

her

her,

a

like

wisdom

motherhood'

wife

beautiful

his

and

her.

home

his

palanquin, and,

the

took

is

wishing

golden

her

about

many

Queen,

of

willingly granted

Lumbini

At devi

him,

tainted un-

holiness,

her

in

upon

hour

the send

to

anxious

Suddhodana, would

that

in

strong

descended

elephant,

she

her

and

truth, glorious

white

a

earth,

on

z

honored

husband,

her

Idng,

lived

she

Heaven,

immaculate.

and

desire,

by

of

Queen

in

gathered whilst

8

the

celestial

angels rejoiced

with

skies music

and

the rang

gladness.

With

polluted through no

streams

the selfish

air or

for

but

partial joy

engulfed

creation

the in

of

sake

the

law

the of

ocean

pain

for

rejoiced,

they was

obtain

to

now

release.

9

The

cries

of

a

loving

received the

evil The

the

Buddhas,

scattered

before

joy The was

to

of

pangs Now

the

but

also

for

the

Idng

invited

and

asked:

grief But

he

honor

to

in to

her

in

1

and

child

felt

a

the

in

heart

the

He

for

Lumbini was

of

interpretation the

see

of Asita of

sight

14

sighed deeply.

and

prince, wept

the

And

signs.

babe.

royal

tears

scholarship,

and

wisdom

of

Brahman

a

thee

caused

son

my

alarmed

became

he

the

a

will

16

feel

fiill,should

I

noble

descend

worship from

5

mind

saying:

wondrously but

king's

the

knowing

when

Brahma,

temples

and,

him,

moon

begotten

great

son.

this their

17

childj

and

places

him.

of 18

anxiety

indicate to

the

worship

all

manifested

addressed

he

like

adore

"Banish

rejoiced,

j

Asita,

1

the

1

motion com-

timorous

near

grove

hermit.

only

the

has

in

a

the

saw

heart

has

not

gods

signs,

these

pain?"

king,

the

skill

"Why

"The

do

of not

him

perplexed,

"I

time

life

famed

be

for

of

distressed. her

created,

that

the

king

Asita's

joy,

felt heartii

meaning

sore

beholding

beholding

the

and

with

i

at

his

seer, when

the

now

birth

rewas

dignified mien,

And

They

doubt.

rishi, leading

The

and

joy

his

honor

paid

rejoicing

flowers,

rence reve-

Bodhisatta.

the

greet

lo

their

had

they

as

not.

show

to

Mara,

religious homage.

mother,

queen which

to

mandara

their

fiill of

The

a

to

royal father, pondering now

the

went

now

him

pay

law,

eartL

on

rejoiced

desiring

excellent

most

and

grieved

beings

malevolent

reigned

peace

kings, earnestly

Naga

former

to

and

was

all

hushed;

were

heart,

alone

one,

for

beasts

that whole

and the world.

doubt. child

spiritual

The now

born

will

omens

bring

liverance deip

tiiat I

"Recollecting hold

not

my

tears;

not

see

the

rule

the

shall will

be

will

verily

*Ms the

"On his

The

entwined

of

When

of

the in

of

son

I

thine

will

He of

the

for

shore

either

earth,

the

or

of

sake

will

with

receives

that

meditation

the

be

like

of

of

drought

royal

of

in

open, self-

the

parents

heard named

who

2}

forth

come

miserable,

"he

he

ignorance.

has

and

will

of

guish extin-

may

ensnared

creatures

the

hearts

law

the

cloud

the

cause

despondency

and

folly law

will

rain

the

all

has

to

the

from

rescue

helpless.^'

Asita's

words

their

new-bom

24

they

joiced re-

infant his

accomplished

pxur-

pose."

2

And who

the has

thou

the

of

the

grew

fulness

leave

soon

and had

and

increases

litde

and

love

husband,

my I

am

gone,

promised.

Siddhattha

to

When

day resided

to

be i6

boy

day

world,

him."

to

queen

from

birth

give

never

this

child.

my

the

moon

will

5

mother

"A

sister, Pajapati:

Buddha

Siddhattha,

Pajapati wept

When took

shall

I

mother

a

And

10

and

her

to

future

a

child.

Idng,

said

queen

borne

another the

a

22

he

gates to

is,

the

parched

that

so

poor,

that

of

covetousness

the

their

Siddhattha,

him.

thereof.

of

all the

bondage

this

bom

is

like

be

power

heavy

king

He

will

drink

meshes

"The

For

and

on

21

deliverance

give

coming

lands

all the

creatures

rise,

to

it. and

all

fire

mercy

is

to

come

Buddha.

His

and

the

will

govern

teaching

freely

may

I could

account

lives.

shipwrecked.

lust

to a

that

lake;

babe.

this

empire

kings

pure

cool

end

my

of

that

on

20

become

everything

now

glory

of

of

king

a

for

old,

am

world.

wheel

**The

myself

from

departed reared

by

mind

in in

his

27

the

him.

little, so and heart.

in

living, Pajapati

And the

body;

as

the

royal and

light child tmth28

When

a

his

Pajapati

had

year

and

queen

Suddhodana

passed there

was

the

never

better

a

made

king

stepmother

she.

than

29

V.

THE

When to

Siddhattha him

see

the

But and

kinsfolk

delicate;

would be

The loved

He of

his

to

under

stay

father, and,

himself And

the

but

the

they

may

And

his

father

to

and

me

did kinsfolk

Kapilavatthu

had

put

his

as

father:

his

both rival

He he

and

came,

the

garden

world,

gave

the

test

to

himself

proved

he

the

youths

and

men

of

any

test,

or

mental.

all

to

them,

the

the

the

in

and

India

of

of

the

city

ship scholar-

and

prowess

mind,

questions

even

test."

the

to

4

manly

of

bodily

kinsfolk

our

people

the

and

the

replied

questioned

nature.

him.

body

of

in

the

strength

my bade

son

assembled

prince,

among him

in

"Invite

,

the

his

2

j

said

see

the

of

of

enemy."

in

pensive

ways

should

and

the

jambu-tree

great

observing

prince

that

When

the

with

He

sciences.

the

daughter, cope

young

meditation.

to

up

to

is

prince

of

our

unable

prince i

"The

any

boisterous,

not

was

said:

learned

be

the

that

manding com-

wife.

maintain

to

would

prince

and

desired

kinsfolk,

his

princesses his

as

he

has

able

he

war

them

all

to

father

his

youth,

sent

their

replied

nor

be

not

there

of

LIFE.

to

he

bring

one

OF

grown

and

to

select

might

had

married, them

TIES

all the there

cises exer-

no

was

could

who

pass sur-

5

the

wisest

but

sages;

among

them

when were

silenced.

6

Siddhattha

Then

sodhara, Koli.

And

his

cousin, Yasodhara

chose

himself

the

gentle

was

a

wife.

He of

daughter

betrothed

to

the

selected the

king

prince.

Yaof 7

wedlock

their

In hula

which

glad

that

"The love

"fetter"

means

heir

an

prince the

having

heart

of

to

his

to

begotten will

the

interests

will

be

8

will

under

the

and

Sid-

dom king-

the of

sceptre

I

as

bind

to

world,

the

him

love

tie

strong

of

remain

said:

son,

a

Ra-

Suddhodana,

King

son,

a

named

they

**tie", and

or

This

Sakyas

the

whom

son

a

bom

was

prince.

dhattha's

bom

was

my

descendants." With

9

selfish

no

people

bathing

his

desire

give happiness

to

heart

the

waters

the

holy

of

the

law.

children,

their

to

in

his

to

did

as

he

ligious re-

and

Ganges Even

so

the

men

long

to

world.

the

to

peace

in

body

and

child

attended

prince,

the

his

cleansing

his

regarding

large, Siddhattha,

at

duties,

give

but

aim,

i o

VI.

THE

The

palace

resplendent anxious

know But

the

as

jungles, asked

his

And four roads

the

to

The

banners,

be houses and

misery,

from

to

adorned of

was

in

be

for

spectators

the

the

king

was

was

to

for

the

for

were

arranged

son

sired de-

should 2

wilds

of

the

world,

and

he

the the

see

and

ready, his

king he

him;

do

to

would

decorated themselves

so.

chariot

jewel-fronted

a

of

knowledge

all

world.

permission

held

city

and

longs

eager

where the

for

India;

nigh

come

ordered

horses

prince

the

to

Siddhattha,

evil

king,

Suddhodana

stately

of

elephant

prince

father,

all

was

chained

given

i

should

there

the

so

luxuries

away

troubles

that

had

king

sights,

no

WOES.

happy.

son

kept

were

that not

his

see

sorrowful

misery

the

all the

with

to

All

which

THREE

commanded

3

with the

pass. with

4

curtains on

either

and

side.

eagerly gazing rode

with

the with

into

pleasant

There

the

the This

same

of

his

and

said:

man

was

Siddhattha

^Svhen

they

And

know

The

prince

this?"

And

of

four

The

We

order.

and

the

have

bodies,

And

sight,

to

liable

the

still and

the

sped

his

himself,

man

peared ap-

body

figured, dis-

of

"This

confused

all

man

is

man

is

and

conditions:

the

out

poor that

creatures

All

the to

on

10

pleasures

joys escape

stopped

were

in

life.

of

the

peared ap1

1

dreary

their

fiery i ^

course.

Four

passed

persons

prince, shuddering the

8

9

said:

moved.

horses

they

suddenly

age.

calamity."

loathed

he

the

old

to

kind

"What

same

more

7

of

sick

a

pain.

wise,

away,

pine away!"

with

the

youth

a

of

pain

breath,

such

age.

passed

and

are

old

as

thought

and

speak

words

on,

body

to

and

to

was

him,

his

subject

ignorant

charioteer when

of

and

for

replied

dared

life is wasted."

the

passing

charioteer:

elements

Siddhattha stale

The

are

barely

can

of

the

by

wither

soon

charioteer

rich, the

He

his

take," he

men

groaning

all

of

of

gasping

his

are

prince

white, his

is

have

years

because

were

and

the

as

strength

must

way-side,

asked

head

symptoms

affected

can

they

convulsed

the

hardly

the

now,

the

they

the

on

His

and

suckling child,

a

sighed

while

brow,

bent

with

man

6

are

but

pleasure

or

lo!

sick.

"These

and

he

old

an

embarrassed,

greatly

and

joy

covered

staff."

once

was

"What

of

streets

and

is withered.

body

much

He

met

is this?

his his

on

is gone

charioteer,

rivulets

by

sorrowful

and

sportive life;

beauty

they

"Who

charioteer,

truth.

full

face

himself

The

Siddhattha

the

through

watered

wayside

bleared,

support

charioteer,

Thus

5

charioteer:

are

eyes

throne.

trees.

wrinkled

asked

the

to

country

a

the

by

frame,

his

Channa,

city, and

heir

the

at

charioteer:

"What

at

by, the

carrying

sight

is this

they

of

a

a

corpse

lifeless

carry?

There

5

body, are

the

and

asked stream-

15

and

ers

widi

overwhelmed

the

loved

who

man:

his

are

is

dead

a

thoughts

him

still; his

are

now

body

the

carry

family to

corpse

14

the

prince

was

full

man,"

he

asked,

only

dead

other

instances?"

With it

There

is

no

exclaimed:

Inevitably

worldly

your

body

back When

dhattha

young

in

his

begot

The that

The

of

gone

out,

and

delusion

other

his

calls

fatal

prince

delusion!

is your

carelessly,

dust, yet

to

the

the

impression

deep turned

his

drove

and

horses

sad

these

palaces

of

the

nobility,

Kisa

and

niece

of

the

king,

Sid-

and

beauty,

the

mother

husband

this

this

bliss Kisa

paused, the

then

of

answer

Nirvana are

troubles

of

evils

have

gone

mind, ceased,

lord

nursed

thee, happy

glorious."

said:

"Happy

for

Longing

the

father

the

"Happy

so

greeting,

peace

19

they

are

of

mind,

Nirvana."

Gotami: and

that

saw

observing

and,

said:

countenance,

deliverance.

the

prince wrong

the

by

manliness

asked

from

the

accents

17

princess

found

seek

Then

it.

18

prince hearing

shall

end

16

crumble

prince,

thee, happy

that

have

must

on."

passed

a

wife

the

life

the

over

city.

thoughtfrilness that

"All

begins

How

men!

the

on

they

Gotami,

contain

replied:

stammering

observing

made

the

to

world

the

die

death."

will

live

ye

who

and

"O

had

this

"Is

terror:

does

charioteer

from

charioteer

sights

and

awe

"or

He

breath

unheedingly, The

the

same.

escape

bated

With

heart

the

is

of

15

heavy

a

world

16

follow

grave." And

I

his

is gone^

friends

the

and

that

13

"This

replied:

life

stark^ his

is

men

grief!''

diarioteer

The

the

but

garlands;

flower

"How him

to

out,

whose

mind

then

the when

the

Nirvana

is

gained;

arising then

is Nirvana

"When

came:

is

20

from

Nirvana

blind is

was

lire fires

attained?''

estranged of of

gained;

credulity, gained!"

is

lust hatred when and

Siddhattha

all

"Whence

with

endowed

figure

lofty

and

thou,

comest

calm

majesty, who

thou

mayst

and

dignified.

be?''

asked

the

prince.

the

only there

and Buddhas

the

of

knows

dell I

myself

devote

unrest?

I

become

disgusted

possibility

but

has

fallen

is

fault

who who

help,

is can

that

frequented un-

an

for

food, 5

in

world

this

and

pleasure

fault

of have

existence

and

of of

the

road,

with

oppressed heal is

him, not

but

the

does fault

road of

so

fast

held

man

if the

Even

is the

not

avail

not

of

the

as

great

pond

is

when

physician.

a

the Even

it

ed bless-

it is

upon,

of

a

the

to

wrong

being

wash

sought,

there

And

so

even

to

not

walked

himself

who

by:

is

when

there

man

Nirvana

lake

by

bliss, if

a

the

near

of

person.

sickness,

Thus

much

Just

is

lake the

be

seek

to

which

If

lake.

it.

ought

deathless

wrong.

the

the

filth

good

that

correlatives.

will

a

the

possess

indicates

are

behold

also

is

there

pain

to

evil

things

lotuses,

great

Nirvana, of

to

eyes

with the

of

origin

of

is,

subject

these

heap

a

leading of

zo

for

the

road

the

thine

defilement

not

have

I

into

me,

heat

suffering, there

is much

into

thou

the

For

covered

the

of

oppresses

"Where

creatures

pleasure;

open

water

seek

off

cold;

developed.

thou

of

of

there

where

life that

the

begging

gained

emptiness All

does

that

6

replied:

of

be

can

retired

the

intolerable."

samana

faculty

the

lust.

with

be

peace

with

struck

am

seems

The

"Can

of

words

needful.''

thing

one

ges, chan-

Therefore,

have

I

Everything

perish;

end.

no

hasten

happiness

solitude; and,

in

the

to

asked:

Siddhattha

itself

and

things

the

never

left

have

I

All

for the

thought.

live

to

death

yet

will

that

worldly

and

forever.

long

I

samana.

salvation.

permanency;

beginning

all

destroyed

no

treasure

no

of

abideth

immutable.

are

decay;

not

is

a

am

disease,

path

truth

the

"I

age,

the

seek

to

decay;

to

old

of

thought

home

my

said:

vision

the

reply

In at

4

Troubled

a

vation salnot man

physician physician's so

when

a

oppressed

man

the

seek of

the

"Thou

wrong-doing that

enlightenment,

does

not

no

fault

is

be

and

me

still,that The

to

shook

figure for

that

full

seeking

that

I

and

head

young life."

life

time

no

8

"Thou

replied:

religious

a

honor

too

rehgious

a

my

enjoy

to

bring

am

and

that

me

will

as

lead

to

his

advises

me

visitor

his

I know

now

such

tells

too

of

father

My

He

beats

pulse

know

for

tidings,

house.

venerable

shouldst

words

worldly duties,

our

my

noble

accomplished.

undertake

to

7

the

to

bringest good

will

life and

be

listened

prince

purpose

to

of

spiritual guide

of

evil-destroying guide."

The said:

malady

the

by

can

inopportune." thrill

A is the

of

time

joy passed seek

to

all ties

sever

that

enlightenment and,

ness

9

religion," would

leading

a

said;

he

prevent

is

now

J

Siddhattha's

through

time

the

mendicant's

life,

to

attaining perfect

wander

to

time

is the

"now

from

me

"Now

heart.

homeless-

into find

to

the

of

path

deliverance." The with

i o

celestial

heard

messenger

of Siddhattha

resolution

the

approval.

"Now, Go,

11

indeed,"

Siddhattha,

Bodhisatta,

he

and

the

"is

added,

the

accomplish

Buddha-elect;

time

thy

thou

thou

For

purpose.

art

religion.

seek

to

destined

art

enlighten

to

world.

the

12

"Thou fulfil

all

truth.

Thou

and

to

become

master,

for

Dharmaraja,

the

great

be

Blessed

the

Bhagavat,

art

upon

the

Tathagata,

righteousness

called

art

the

art

the

saviour

of

king for

One,

thou of

redeemer

and

wilt

thou

the

world.

1

"Fulfil

thou

the

descend

allurements the goes

path

sun

on

of

upon

that at

all

perfection

another,

righteousness,

so

thou

his

if thou shalt

the own

thou

of

truth. nor

course,

forsake become

to

never

path

not a

derbolt thun-

the

Though

yield

from

men

pursues even

truth.

thy head,

beguile seasons

of

the

Buddha.

3

the As ever

straight 14

zi

in

"Persevere Pursue

seekest. the

aim

thy

thou

and

deities, of

all

of

all

shalt

be

the

shalt

enlighten

Buddha,

and

thou

shalt

what

thou

shalt

gain The

conquer.

all that

saints, of

seek

light Thou

guides thy steps. and

Master,

our

world

the

find

thou

wisdom

heavenly

thee, and

upon

shalt

unswervingly

prize. Struggle earnestly

benediction is

and

thy quest

and

Lord;

our

from

mankind

save

thou dition." per1

thus

Having heart "I

the

to

the

is

"For

of

death

with

The

all

as

of

word

"Verily

a

But could

not

There

22

the

his in

earth.

He

the

Siddhattha

stood and

son,

him that

resolution,

beyond

the his

and

power

he

woman

a

certain

even

"

fail.

him

his

heart

be

flowed to

wife

to

loved

take

19

infant

the

the

his

Although good freely

11

beautiful The

or

their

wife

and

of

ing part-

pain mind

was

evil, could

from

kiss.

prince

both. his

take

above

parting

a

and

mother,

at

check

to

with

grieved.

it

his

dearly

longed

gazing

powerfully.

tears

of

awakening

nothing,

lion's

10

kiss of

arms

his

of

the

as

the

cannot

bedroom whom

arms

and

air,

as

and

sure

sure

those

at

the

Buddha." the

to

18

delivery

are

is a

without

beloved

was

seek

to

fail: there

dawn,

at

the

things

lift him

so

it

complish ac-

bind

that

home

cannot

into

sunrise

lair, as

become

lay

overcame

his

to

speech.

thrown

Buddhas

of

chUd

the

ties

my

words

their

stone

his

glance

into

in

the

as

the

treasures more

once

a

returned

prince

all the

the

from

out

whose

truth

these

shall

I

last ferewell

his

from

leaves

he

child, the

so

resolved

am

all

sever

go

beings

mortal,

a

when

roar

I

i6

17

fall of

the

as

and

will

I

are

departure

no

truth

himself:

salvation.

Buddhas

"The

to

will

I

and

world,

of

way

the

to

purpose.

my

said

Siddhattha's

and

vanished,

He

peace.

awakened

have

me

with

filled

was

vision

the

spoken,

5

his stream.

termined, deshake

eyes, But

and the

prince his

himself

tore

but

feelings

him:

"Depart

days

from

desire.

I

for

Thus

will

four

the

Buddha

a

stopped

Mara.

seven

will

and

and

the

two

Lord."

my

I know

23

wheel

the

that

that

sovereignty

not

all

make

and

**In

appear,

stay,

it is

but

5

and

gate

will

do

and

Kanthaka,

continents

"Well me

become

the

world 24

the

Siddhattha, gave

Darkness in

the

upon

into

out

faithful

his

by

lay

rode

all the

and

went

night,

the

25

shone

stars

heavens.

the

companied ac-

Channa.

but

earth,

ties,

silent

charioteer

worldly

and

power

severed

kingdomi,

He

only

renounced

prince,

his

up

homelessness.

brightly

in

Therefore,

to

appear

steed

empire

the

over

22

joy."

pleasures, into

of

replied:

will

empire

shout

wheel

suppressing

memory.

exclaimed

Lord,"

islands.

Bodhisatta

stood

Mara

my

the

adjacent

The

I

O

not,

sovereign

thousand

his

heart,

noble

his

palace,

now

thee

make

of

mounted

left the

he

when

manly

a

extinguishing

not

Bodhisatta

The

with

away

i6

vm.

BIMBISARA.

KING

Siddhattha his

had

royal

Having

sent

the

noble

him

the

Yet

poverty

royal

in

that

the

birth

of

color

the

exchanged the

left

highroad

with

together

Suddhodana

had

ground.

bear

to

the with

world, a

the

beggar's

hand.

i

majesty of

had

charioteer,

prince on

and

the

king

to

the

along

of

the

Kanthaka,

walked his

dress

Channa,

message

hair

waving

mean

a

home steed

Bodhisatta bowl

for

robe

his

cut

his and

of

mind

his

appearance. his

eyes

beamed

ill-concealed

was

His

gait betrayed

erect

with

under

a

fervid

zeal

for

the his truth.

The

of

beauty

the

Those

and

looked

him

homage.

from

house

him

food.

gave

him

Old is

filled

were

their

the

Rajagaha,

not

pay

One

went

offered

poeple

came,

die

people

before

him

in

because

gratitude

prince

till the

bowed

they

he

mility hu-

ed condescend-

homes.

4

people

young

His

moved

were

is

approach

and What

bliss.

"This

said:

joy

great

a

5

the

noble

family,

king

in

that

the

woods in

his

golden

mysterious

aged

and

wise

muni

of

in

went

counselors

the

royal robe,

his and

ing flow-

a

bowl,

his

of

and

in

out

his

meet

to

7

found

of

gentleness

the

his

the

the

Sakya

Bimbisara

deportment,

race

of

composure

seated face

his

under and

him

greeted

the

ently rever-

said:

"O

samana,

empire

and thee

food

head

his

upon

news

6

of

bank

donned

he

the

Sakya

a

the

to

the

eat

heart;

Contemplating

and

retired

city,

stranger.

be

must

had to

his

the

the

guest.

king

tree.

see

he

in

learned

he

observe

muni

crown

of

when

to

the

and

company

The

that

moved

was

placed

attendants

heard

river

the

his

and

it,

commotion

the

noticing

of

cause

of

one

Having

8

thy should

my

country

is

becoming

I

hands

hold

to

a

thy youth.

invite and

fit

are

not

wasting

royal descent,

i6

of

Blessed

with

king Bimbisara,

sent

of

the

muni!

inquired

to

steps

us!" And

a

did

who

him

at

their

arrested

one

no

silently waiting

they had;

what

noble

sight gazed

haste

was

city

Wherever

and

a

for

the

approach

to

in

were

there

house

to

and

unusual

;

entered

Having

z

this

saw

and

back;

and

halo.

a

who

holiness

transfigured by

was

like

who

people

wonder.

in

youth

head

his

surrounded All

his

thee

share the

my

to

to

beggar's

bowl.

Believing join

royal

me

in

I

the

and

am

thou

that

of

an

sorry art

government

Desire

power.

noble-minded,

reins

the

grasp

wealth

for

er powshould

of

increase

fever?

the

quench

we

fire

a

fuel

by heaping

it?

upon "I

19

pity

thee,

pray

burdened

with

riches.

the

They

whose

they

fear

with hearts

along

a

are

those

who

the

worry

of

and

trembling,

loss

of

great

for

when

gold

their

are

they

boons

those

and

set,

either

pity and

royalty

in

them

their

take

cannot

of

threatened

possession

Rather

not.

me

cares

enjoy

constantly

are

Shall

die

they

Idngly

the

or

on

diadem.

xo

heart

"My away burdens

and

duties,

have

begun.

teach

can

escape

"May

shed

which

thou

1

relationships

new

I

work

the

completing

and

will

But

I

so

find

the

the

to

go

path

on

who

sages which

we

23

enjoy

be

the

like

thy royal

power

Sakyamuni

and

thee, and

Bodhisatta and

when receive

parted

purposed

in

from his

the

hast as

the heart

the may 24

bowed

thou obtained

obtain

in

grant

that

it, come

thy disciple."

king to

and

reverence,

"Mayest

thou me

strong

may

of

hand."

with

said:

brightness

be

thine

hands

his

seekest, and

pray

in

sceptre

prosperity, and

and

peace rule

thy

upon

king, clasping before

28

thee.

May

sun.

goodwill,

from

me

in

me

evil.

down

The

leave

religion

righteousness

I

entangle

to

hinder

to

be

The

the

22

me

noon-day

back,

not

thy country

wisdom

be

to

put

from

free

2

try

nor

regret

can

prefer

and

have

life.

of

"Therefore,

"1

I

vulgar profit, so

no