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13 àm ÜãÊ

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17 àm ÜãÊ

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18 àm ÜãÊ

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19 àm ÜãÊ

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20 àm ÜãÊ

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21 àm ÜãÊ

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22 àm ÜãÊ

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23 àm ÜãÊ

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24 àm ÜãÊ

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25 àm ÜãÊ

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26 àm ÜãÊ

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27 àm ÜãÊ

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29 àm ÜãÊ

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31 àm ÜãÊ

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32 àm ÜãÊ

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33 àm ÜãÊ

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34 àm ÜãÊ

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35 àm ÜãÊ

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36 àm ÜãÊ

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37 àm ÜãÊ

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38 àm ÜãÊ

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39 àm ÜãÊ

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40 àm ÜãÊ

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41 àm ÜãÊ

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42 àm ÜãÊ

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43 àm ÜãÊ

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44 àm ÜãÊ

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45 àm ÜãÊ

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46 àm ÜãÊ

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47 àm ÜãÊ

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48 àm ÜãÊ

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49 àm ÜãÊ

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5 0 àm Ü ã Ê

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51 àm ÜãÊ

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52 àm ÜãÊ

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53 àm ÜãÊ

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5 4 àm Ü ã Ê

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55 àm ÜãÊ

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5 6 àm Ü ã Ê

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57 àm ÜãÊ

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58 àm ÜãÊ

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59 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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60 àm ÜãÊ

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61 àm ÜãÊ

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62 àm ÜãÊ

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63 àm ÜãÊ

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6 4 àm Ü ã Ê

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6 5 àm Ü ã Ê

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66 àm ÜãÊ

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67 àm ÜãÊ

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68 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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69 àm ÜãÊ

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7 0 Ă m Ăœ ĂŁ ĂŠ

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71 àm ÜãÊ

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7 2 àm Ü ã Ê

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7 3 àm Ü ã Ê

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

H c* Ð N 3 Hë ¼:t ™ƒq„a kZ ?Ç ñz : VYà ?ÔzŠ NZ Á Sg ( ~¸ Û » )~¸)~lˆÅVzqƒ  yZ VY ?Ð(H c* ÐŒ G ' ÆVzqƒ  y Z ? ì } Y(‚uŸ] pæ^ÛŠÖ] ÜÓ³e…)\!* ã M Zg é£+gzZ ?Ì,qƒ  tÂz™lˆÅ~i !*  ZgÅkZgzZ „! „ á Š !* ÅkZ¬?É Xƒ`Z Æ` MX Çᙄ\ MaLZyŠ »ÀèYz™:„aÆÀ:X ÏN Yïà ( 34D 25:6ä) ó Xó ì °»ÄŠ »„` Ma

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74 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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75 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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76 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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77 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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78 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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79 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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80 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

Ô ÇñY 7`}{z™%gzZX Ç}%q -ZC Ù Ð ~ ?XЃg7å ?~ *Š kZ wqZÆyZÐ VzÈLZ~ ì 3g™ðt ä~X Çñ M k0* „}÷J¦ ~ *Š ä TgzZ ÇVzŠ Zw ~$ +Z¹Z~ ÔÐ Vƒ yâ Û ** }÷ X ÇVß[ˆ » ä T¿{zgzZ X ÇVzŠ ** 1{ ~ ¼ A k0* LZ ~ÐZ Ô Ïƒ Å ÏÈ „ ~÷ ¬Zñ** gzZ Å ÏÈ „ ~÷ Ì~ ] Ñq ¬ZñÔ c* Š ™y!* Û ¼ƒ Œ  CZ a }÷ gzZg ZÜZ »kZ Š H»zgÐ ÏÈ ~÷ÐZX ;gg ZÜZ6,ÏÈ „ ~÷ÐZ Ì~] Ñq

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81 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

kZXÐ,™´~Vâ {Ñ!* Ƽ A ÃyZëÔKwqZ(äV,ZgzZ ñÑ ¿ì` Z { „ HXÐVƒáZz gå ~ kZ {zÔ ÏVƒ~g Y ,1nÆ ~ wqC Ù 6,[g LZgzZ Hñä V2aÆ VÍßyZ ÔaÆ Vß Zz ä™ ( 59D56:29]¶Z) ó Xó D™ ‚z½

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82 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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83 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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84 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

B‚ÆyZÔ¸n pgmÐVXÆwÁc* ¸xÝ y›}uzŠpÔ ðZ \ M X¸ íq -ZÅvZ èg wš ]|Xì {Š c* i¹ ÌÐ kZ {zÔ Š HH¼ ut ‚ÆuZ} Z} .äðZÃ\ M ÂÔ ñƒy›\ M Z # X¸ xÝÆî0 gzZ êŠ tÃ\ M 6,e $g x¤ /Ål {z X ,Š tf Z Å b§ b§~ x` kZÆ äq

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85 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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86 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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87 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

LZ ä V,Z X c* ŠÄgt ‚}g ø nÐZ ä x Z™ î0E !ôXì c* Š ¬» ]!* T~ gzZ Å“  ZŠ' ,Ìd $¯ ãKÔÅ~ ª qC Ù gzZ Å~ ]gßC Ù Ô Å«™Å+Š gzZ Š Hƒ e** „ xg~íz LZgzZàLZB‚Æ +Š Z # QX –Ì[ Z±6f {zÂǃ** ™[ NZ »„qq -Z ËÐ~+ ŠgzZíz¹Z[ Z 1™kCtäV,Z µñ » b§kZ ` M ¤ /Z ~ê ËX Zhg7Ã+ Š pÔ‰ ™]óÐ íz LZ

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88 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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89 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

»Ëgz m CZ ì CYƒ ãZz Ç!* ]!* t Ð ä™·_ »VÇÍ7yZXì Š ñ 4 ögWG‘]|Xì c* â Û Ìx ÈZ~kZgŠÏZä\¬vZÔ åïq »ÌZgŠTnç :ì ~]Zg Â~}g !* Æx?Zm TÔ0 + z Z} .gzZ Ç}™„  Zg { ZgÐW}÷{zgzZÔÇVÙÃwÎg LZ~ÔdŠ L L Ôƒqzig W?ÆTÔwÎg »ÇÔV;X ǃŠ ñW~«KZV ** ƒ¨ ¤?Æ kZZ # gzZXì [@* ~¾ÅyŠÆäWÆkZ6, :ì @* â Û ` Z¯ÑZ[gX ÇñW

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90 àm ÜãÊ

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91 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

-Z ÔaÆyZ~X ë ÇÎÔ ë¼ {z ¹Ðí ä0 + z Z} .gzZ X ÇVß Z e~ìÆkZx¯ CZgzZX ÇVz™ 0* , ' Ñq -Z# â ~¾ÔÐ~VÇ¸Æ {zÃXÔÃVÂ!* yZ ~÷ðà gzZX Ǿ Ð yZ „z ÔÇVzŠ ¬ÐZ~¼ {zgzZ ( 19D 15:18]Z) ó Xó ÇVßÐkZ[ˆ»yZ~•:ÔǾ™áx ** Z÷

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92 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

KZ {z X @* ƒ 7,ãðÃÑ C™& ¤Å] !* kZ V×Í7ƒ t _6 6ÆVÂ!* ¨ ãZzЬ{z: Ô@* ™7ƒIzcðÃaÆäZë]t Æx ¸b¤ÑbÑŠ,Z¼ÔaÆ]tKZԈƾZF, bgŠ ** ¼:gzZì@* ™yÒ Ô]tbÑŠt• sg ¬gzZ ԃ܇ÐK• ò ¬ ðä /Z qÔì @* Ñt ‚ 7x ·Z ðÃ~Tì Cƒ ãZz +Z ,ÅÑX N WÃD™w8Z »]t„úŠ

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93 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]Ă­Ă‚ ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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94 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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95 àm ÜãÊ

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96 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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,™g(Z {Zg Å ò ¾HgzZÐ NÑ yZZ H6,Ñ kZ}gøŠ·t ìt ¬æ G ' Vh§ Ô} (,™ M ~ VE~g é£+vßt X z™„ÅðZŠ LZ ?Ôâ ›} ZXÐ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

97 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

tdŠ X zŠ : µñ ðùZ gzZƒg g ZŠ¸Ð yZ ?Ô s ï kZ¿ Å wŠ LZ Ð G ' ~ lˆÅ hgzZ ¨ ¤F Æ Dë ï Š W, @* t gzZ D M k0* Æ Ñ}g é£+ ä ÂÔ F g ] !* ~¾ëÔì @* ™] !* ÂÔ ñ M ~À~¾Ô·} Z Ô VZŠ¤ / u ÐQ Ô,™e $¬g¼ ~g ø Ôc* Š: ð‹6,ÔZ 7,Ây»Ô å ¹ Ht ÌZ ñƒ D™] !* XƒD™] !* ÅøZŠz=gzZë Å„  Z Û zû?ÔB™ÌëÔByYÌëÔ} G ' t ì &t y álpX D ™C Ù ª™w1ó^ßÂ]…LÂEZg é£+ W,@* t CZvßt

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98 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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99 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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100 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

ò ¾gzZ yZZt ¤ /ZgzZ X … Yt Ô l»} ZX ,Š Ö @3Y KZ ä V,Z~á$ + ó Xó BtÔl»} ZX å4}aÆyZ {zÔ M¹Z, V;ÆvZ ÂD™g (Z ( 103D 101:2{ÂZ )

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101 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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102 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]í ³³³³³³³³³³³³

{ Zg Å ò ¾Æ Z} .gzZ D Ñ yZZ6,Ñ kZ}g ø ñOÆbzg kZ LZ¤ /ZtXì kZaÆ yZ [ Z Nz` Zt » ]y M X M` Z [ ˆ" ¹Z V; ÆvZ ÂD™g (Z ] !* kZtÔl»} ZXì Y0gl»yZ~]gßkZ[ Z Ôå4}Ð L v X DƒBà [Y 2002]

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103 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ]Ă­Ă‚ ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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104 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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XĂŹ @* Y 3g { izg ĂŒ6,gÎÆ}gùÆ VĆ’k H X 242/5~z0 + yĂ‘ÂŚĂł Ăł#Z]§L L 3 C Encyclopedia Brittanica Under Fasting.

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X 242/5~z0 + yĂ‘ÂŚĂł Ăł#Z]§L L 5C Encyclopedia of Religion Under Fasting.

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107 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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135 àm ÜãÊ

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t HXì ~Š zÆkZ [ Z »wZÎkZ ?ì VZÐ Š zÆy¨ KZ wZÎt H ðƒ#ò! [Z »kZ ?ì Zƒ Za ˆÆÚ ŠÃ] Ñ» ðƒ#ò! wZÎ wZÎkZ ?ì ZƒZa Ð8 -g óg} ; Š zÆ]ZŠ ñݬwZÎtHXì ~] Ñ» Xì ~8 -g óg} ;Š zÆ] ZŠ ñݬ[ Z »

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"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

136 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

t ÔZ®Xì îŠ è » |KZÐ y!* i Å „ ] ÌÚC Ù Å]ZŠ ñݬ kZ X ,™Ðá ZjÆ„] ÌÅyZ„zg¨Zg ‚6, âZë ì ~gz¢ Xì Š z CZ »y¨ KZŠp{z Ôì d $Œ Û {Š c* iÐ ƒ  Æy ¨ KZq ~] Ñ»kZ D{Š c* iÐ ]Z@xƒ  }uzŠÆkZ Ô{@x»y¨ KZ~}g !* LZ ìzz ¸ Xì @* ƒ¬gzZ

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Š Z] .Z z !* MÆ kZ: Ôì Û{ »q ËŠp{z ì } Y ! l~}g !* LZ y ¨ KZ |kZ y¨ KZ Ì~A çÆŠ ÑzZ ©X n pgÚÅäƒ Û{g0 +Z LZ Åa q -ZX 7Û{»yZpÔì Â=g f »ä M~Š zÆyZ {z ì {Ç M [pÐ kÙhˈÆh eyY¹ZÔ HŠzuÅkZgzZìgŠ¾gZŠ™ »y¨ KZ~ð gzZ @* ™ Za ÐZ „z Ôì Û{ »y¨ KZ „ y¨ KZ nÈt {z 7et aÆòŠ M Xì @* gâ ÐZ „z

Ôì q +Z ðÃ~ kZ HÔaZ e { ó6,] Ñ»gzZÛ (, Ð MÐ y¨ KZˆÆkZ Ö Ó6, # kZ {zÔƒB bgg (Zz{Š Zg Z ðà CZ~¿Æäg â ÐZgzZä™{0 + iÃy¨ KZ Ìq ðÃ+Z ?ƒg66,+ â x ©ZÆkZgzZƒ Lg {ŠispÐ kZ y¨ KZÔƒ „g™ Ð MÆkZ *ŠgzZì g ZŠu » *Š y¨ KZ Ù Š ÂëÉ ÔîŠ 7ð3Š~*Š kZ À& /ŸG yZ³Ô îŠ h M ¿Ãà Zz u Z g0 +Z Æ yZ ÃVâ " õG ŠçO Xì {zZu y¨ KZ~¾u}0 + gŠ ¸gzZ ï Š h MoÃVâ Z³}0 + gŠÔ D Y3ÃVÍà X !** 6, Vzg á ZÆ yZ³ðÃgzZ F, ÁÐ]** Z³Ý¬Ô]@* mݬgzZì F, ÁÐ]@* mݬÔ]ZŠ )ݬ Xn YHg ÑaZÐVâ ¨ KZ&7(Z îŠ h Y Z V à Å V â ¨ KZ N Zƒ ãÃîÔ M s§Å Vzq ~uzŠ Å ]Ñ» "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

137 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

ÃVzi ˜ Æ y¨ KZ „ ZƒgzZ ...ì îŠ °¹Z v M Ô ï Š 1e ¹Z g«Ô D¾6, gÆg«$Æy¨ J KZXì CQañZh Z™zZ ÌÐVߊ !* 6, lzŠ LZ XƒC™# Ö } .Åy¨ KZ {Š c* iÐv M ƒ+ZqðÄh + á Å] Ñ»kZgzZ À &Š ÃV¸Š ñ~ ] Ñ» /ŸG Ã} i Z # {Š â ã] > M Š ñg0 +Z Æ }i Ô õG

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k1}i~yŠi 0yVzg ZD Ù Xì ꊙ 0* ,# ' Ö ªq -Z Âì À _C Ù !* ñƒ D h M G ] ¸ÅkZ X c* ¯ / ~C Ù ä y¨ KZ X D Y 0 VZ î0*§Åy¨ KZ VÅÑgzZ D Yƒ » }Šxq -Z Ô ðƒg ZŠ%Ýzg !e $.q -Z ...H » }Š C!* Šq -Z ÔaÆä™x¥ RŒ Û » }i Ôðƒ— ~ ^Åá$} (,q -Z v M ~ cÔc* M!²ih +”q -Z Ô Zƒ -Z Åg ½zŠ¤ q / gzZ ,ðŠ ÔáV·0 +Mh +”Ð s§Vzg e ÔŠ Hh Z™0] Zg gz X 1, $J eú´}g7kZä~p~(, ¹

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138 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

ëpÔ V1izg Zp~ u#Z qZ Û kZ N K „ XQgzZì VZŠ¤ / u~ ypg (Z" kZÔ ñƒ D hzŠ uzg" ~Vâ c* Ñ ã1iz~g Zpt ÅyZ Ù Š Xì ¸6, „VƒZggl¼ wq¾ ì b§Å X 7sZ ZwWÌÃËÐTÔì{°‡q -ZÔì yâ‡q -Z~]ZŠ ñݬkZ Xì ðƒ SÈ ~ÆŸÏZgzZg2Š ÏZÔyâ ‡ÏZgzZwßZ ÏZ]Ñ» „ ~g ‚

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?ì @* ƒZ «~VzîiÅyâ ‡Û{HX Ù Š ZƒJÈÃèg Z Ò™kZë~T 5Ò ¯ à r ZŠ 6,}n Æ kZ  ¬Š Ð ÎgzŠ Ã[ ë M gzZ ÅŠ XZ ÎgzŠ ä ðG3ÒG ó Xó zŠ h ÂÎgzŠtÔ @* ƒ7g ZŠ r ZŠ Z} .L L: `Z m„  6, [ë M Ôñ M Ô D Y V~ cÔ Ó }g *Ôì ;g 7,0 +â `gÎÔì ` Z» Ýzg0 +e X D YƒxzngzZ D Yƒ ?}Û{þë

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š ø …Ÿøû]æø lôçFÛFŠ$ Ö] †ø_øÊø pû„ô×$Öô oø`ôqû æø kö`ûq$ æø oû³Þùô] ... óàønû×ôÊôŸFû] g% uôö] ¤ VÙø^Îø 1C ó^Ë÷nûßôuø "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

139 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

Ñzí î0ÏJ5k!

, óÑ ó zíî0ÏJ5k!LÆ [Xì ÷ż6 L vZ¶gk& ZŒZ}Z ** Ññy*t]

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140 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot ³³ ³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

141 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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142 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

CƒïqÅ] ÌŠ „~VpqZzŠ KZÔÚ„q -Z b§T D™" $U* ] ÑqÆ Îâ~uzŠgzZí~ ]ÑqÆ Îâq -Z ÌwqZ z wdZ b§ÏZ Ôì /Z Ô}Xì @* ¤ ƒ ðZ' ,6,µñ}uzŠgzZ n^Ñ6,µñq -Z ÔçOX DƒÑ~ ÅòŠ M pÑkZ ^Ñ{z6,µñkZ ƒ9gŠÆOÆòŠ M pÑËl!* zZ ðà ³t{zÐkZX ǃÑ{zÔ¶¯ ) !* »h eyYÅkZ s {zgzZX ǃí{zÔá XyY

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143 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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144 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

Hg (Ztzg » ã!* $gzZ s »ZB‚ÆkZ ÔñY Ñ1 sÐ kZ Z # Ôƒ ‚ rgmÐ Ôì @* ™kCs # Û gzZyEZÉ Ô@* ™7g ÖZ » ôg ËgzZV ËÔÀË{z ÂñY @* ™7ItzgtB‚LZy¨ KZ ðÃ@' , ÆkZXì @* ™Ìg Ö Z »kˆZÏZ {zZ® B‚ÆkZ c* ñY Å °»Z ** ~A çÆ kZ Ô ñY C' ,辊pB‚ÆkZ

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145 àm ÜãÊ

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146 àm ÜãÊ

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147 àm ÜãÊ

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148 àm ÜãÊ

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149 àm ÜãÊ

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1 5 0 àm Ü ã Ê

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151 àm ÜãÊ

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152 àm ÜãÊ

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153 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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1 5 4 àm Ü ã Ê

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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155 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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1 5 6 àm Ü ã Ê

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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157 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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158 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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159 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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160 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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161 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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162 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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163 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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1 6 4 àm Ü ã Ê

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1 6 5 àm Ü ã Ê

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1 6 6 àm Ü ã Ê

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167 àm ÜãÊ

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168 àm ÜãÊ

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à *ŠB‚ƃ  kZQÔc* Š½Ð] !* ¨%ÅkZà *ŠÔ,Š™ Za] ÷ZpgÑ" ~ 4E -G &X c* @G îSE kZX Š H7,~ ÷â i M ~(,¹ q -Z y¨ KZ ÔÐ wq ]gß~g ‚kZ Ô G ¯ Šzö Âì Lg ì‡6,]¡KZ¤ /Z {zX Y™7ŠÅ] ÷Zpx ÓKZ Ì¿ðÃ~ *Š L Z { z¤ /Z X} Š x ÎÃ] !* .gzZ}™ŠzöÃ] ÷ZpKZ {z ì xiÑaÆ kZ _ Xì *Ã]¡z=KZÐVð;LZ{zQÂì@* hgx Î"Ã]÷ZpgzZ]!* . _ Æ ]¡LX H[pgzZ HwEZ Ã~Š Zi M kZ ~ *Š kZ ä y¨ KZ Ôwq¾ ݬgÇŠgz6, LÔ™? Ø ÐkZ LgzZ~{ZgÅøZŠz=LÔs ÜÆkZ LgzZ ._ ._Æ]¡z=ä y¨ KZZ #Z # :X ~ãâ Û ** ÅkZ LgzZ~® ) ¤Z Å z=Ãg(Z LZgzZ UÐ { Zg kZ {z Z #Z # gzZ c* M ~Š zíÔ HwEZÃg (Z LZ X c* M~Š zÑÔHwEZs ÜÆ]¡

ÆkZ sÜÑ~ *Š Åy¨ KZ ì CYƒ ãZz Ç!* ]!* t Ð c ~g ‚kZ Xì @* ƒZaÐwEZßÆg (Zz{Š Zg Z

Eà M ÅÑzí]Zg¦ Ôì <Šz~]¡Åy¨ KZgÅ»Ñzí¤ /Z ì CY{gt]!* ~y MˆÆkZ ?ì VYs %Z~^zx Z ¸Z~}g !* ÆkZQ Р}uzŠ q -Z~}g!* ÆÑzíIgzZ~¸Z 79ÔÝZgŠ Ô]!* t "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot ³³ ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

169 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

» ] c* Ãz Z + Ôì s %Z » < Ø Zè ~ yZ ì gz¢] !* t Ô%Z X Z ] ÑqYg{gzZ½ZŠÔì s%Z » ` ZzgzxÎgÔì s%Z »yÕzd $ Ôì s%Z : ~ hÆXÔ‰ 0* ` ZzggñZ, Z¼ ~ Vè‰6,¯ ÅkZgzZ Ôì s %Z » ìzz¸X 嬊ÐÃÅíÃyZ Lä*Š:gzZ åwÑ+ Z ðÃk0* Æã ¨ KZ= Æ yZ ä;¦½ZÆ *Š X ‰ ƒŠ ®Ì~ Vñ¸yZy ÆH !* ` ZzgzxÎgßt ì @* ƒ" $U* tÐkZ HX 7íÌ~ZgŠ ËgñZt c* Š ‹êCZ~}g !*

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

;g s %Z6,RdgzZ [ðÃ~}g !* Æ]Zg¦ÆÑzí~^zx Z ¸Z Å *Š ?I ãâ ] ªÜZ aÆ ÉÆ tæ ì „g wq ]gßt Å *Š H ?ì Ô c* Šg Z Œ Û íÃu|ŒTä [fÐg F gzZ Âi H ?c* Š™g ïZÐ yZ ä [f E é5BÄZ Z *Š ~}g!* *Š H ?ì „g w G ÆÇ} dZ H ?ì ŒÑÐZ ä tæ ðÃ~(,ÌÐ ðCL~[fztæH ?ì ~Š ßF, ÌÃqgzZ Ë6,w°Lä „ wßZ LZ Ô~}g !* Æ ›gzZ Ãz Ô ~Šg^ gzZg ôZ ^z x Z ¸Z H ?ì ˆ ãâ gŠ zí~^zx Z ¸Z Å[fztæ ìt] !* ÝZ ? „gZÐ}uzŠq -ZÔ~ yZ Ô ñƒgz¢…, Z¼ ~ *Š kZ%Z Ô ;g7s %Z L~}g!* ÆÑ À &ŠÃV\yZX ìgBZ~}g!* /ŸG Æ ï Fi8FwŠgzZйÌnç»yZÔ õG Ô ;e ** ™Ýqà ò} {”Ýq Ô;e ** ™" $U* Ãë›{”" $U* # ä V,Z Xì Z Ô ;e IxznÊ ñÔ „e * *™lˆ~ `g {Ô7~ yZ] .z 㨠KZ Ôk‚ Z Å]Œ$ + gzZ k H¸Ð i Zz M Å]¡Ô ;e ** ™,@* ÆkˆZgzZwìÃ=Ô;e 'YŠ ñÃxzn kZX ¹Z¹Ð}uzŠq -ZgzZ ¹¼ ¹äV,Z Â;e * *™m, / ¤ Ð] !* Å Z} . Æ *Š X ;g 7s %Z ðÃL~}g !* ÆÑzí~ *Š kZ ì CC õg @* Å *Š  ˆÌ0* ` Zzg6,gîzz¤ /Z ,q¼6,¯ Å] Ñq ã zg0 +ZÆyZ Ô~ Vè‰ ¸X ˆÌãYíÔ‘°Ô,q{z~VÍßÆV¸´yZ ì 7Èt»kZ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³³cannot ³ ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

170 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

ÌV;zÂðƒ»„ ZeÅZ + gzZƒ»] ÑqÔsp » ` 4 Ð VèyZ ìzz ~ ]¡Åy¨ KZgÅ»Ñzíäg ÇŠgz6,X Š HM :Zz6,]¡KZ Ug ¯{Ñç 㨠KZ Ñzí ÔZi ZâÐ;¦½ZkZÃy¨ KZ q âµÔ c* èZP»¤ /# Ö 5Ñ6,kZÔ H<Šz {Ñ ç ðä /Z ÔŠ z!* ƃ  kZQ X}Š äƒ: …¸ Ãy¨ KZ Ð gÅ~¡Æ §Ã „g: eb &Z ÅkZˆ Æ TÔŠ Hg ¦ /ÌÐ u ~y M kZ Å! Zy ¹ÜZ ¯wVÃ}ÑçkZy¨ KZ @* c* Š SÐ ÄÃkZgzZ Zƒg ZŠ%Ð(B; »]¡

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: <Šz ~ ]¡Åy¨ KZÑzí¤ /Z Xƒ: g D » „ ZeË~}g !* ÆÑzí™ -Z @* q ƒ(ZQgzZ Ù Š ZƒJ~V”Z~A çkZÃy¨ KZ q âµë ÂDƒ ðÃ6,kZ¤ /ZgzZ C¯ ~{Ê Z Û ZÆ kZ Ô¦ß q Oz wâ Æ kZ ÔC™ú6,}uzŠ x ¸ -Š 4, q }g ø Ô ** ¯ ~{¹ZgzZ RßÃVzuzŠ îŠ [Z t s ™ Â@*M t ‚ ` îZ t 6,yZ H  D h M Do }0 + gŠ Z #y M ?te $DÐ ëXì ð>gzZí ? D h MDoVY{z ì @* YHnZ ‹Z

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g »tæX Ìsg ¬gzZì "ZzÌò ¬ÐgÅkZXì H<Šz~]¡Å gzŠgzZì Ù MÐ kZ Ì¿» *ŠgzŠX ÌÑZz g »[fgzZì } YÐZ ÌÑZz kZÑXì @* ™IÄígzZnm¡Ôy¨ KZXì kâ â b§~g7ÐkZ ÌŠ Û »h +] . ÑÔì ˆ~Š ~Š Zi M Åg(Zz {Š Zg ZÃy¨ KZ VŒ X ‚ rg 7Š z xðà CZ~ *Š Xì @* ƒZa ÐwEZYÎÆkZ } 96,TÔì k‚ ZuZz{ztÉ Ô „g7BZL*ŠÔ~}g !* ÆÑzí "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot ³³ ³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

171 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ Õt # I ³³³³³³³³³³³³

` M ÔIÅ< Ø è z +Š ZgzZ vßÆ ±z 8 -g ZÔx Z ¸Z Å[fgzZ t晃 gzZ gŠæ Ð }uzŠ q -Z ~ ]Ñçz uÔC™nçë !* ÔÌ~ èâ gzZ Ì X „g k Zg –»}uzŠq -Z~ðZz] à M [Y 1996]

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172 àm ÜãÊ

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

pçfÞ Í…^ÃÚ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This copy cannot be uploaded on any website except those of the publisher and the author."

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

# ŸzÅg s $uq -Z0Ðk , ¼

DÚq -ZÐ~]ÌyZXì³»yZZ6, ]ÌzŠ ÅvZÔÝZgŠyZZ6, , k ¼ Xì xiÑŠ z»k , ¼QÂì ï»]gŠÅkZgzZD»vZ¤ /ZXì ]gŠÚ~uzŠgzZ vZ-Ñ Ù ŠëXì Š Hc* ŠgZŒ Û ~gz¢yZZ6, , k ¼~~tg $Š qZ ìzz¸ ¹ÃZkZg $Š qZF, Å\ MXì ðâ Û WÐVzUF~ekZäÅzm kZ ÂN Y @Š Ð ‹Z ~Š !* /Z g ¤ $Š qZ ‰%Z X C™ ãZz Ð j§{ kZXì q -ZÐ ~-Z Ìg $usf `gŠX k ¯ ) !* »wDZdJ~A ç X ä×#Ö^e Ÿ] oÏnÊçi ^ÚæXì ** ™x¥sz@* 9Åg $ukZÃ7}g ø~k , ’ V,ZÔìe $ZzgÐÅvZègZLL äÅzmvZ -vZ wÎg ¹ ä Ôì 7(Z ÌðÃÐ ~ ? :c* â Û Hc* Š Š:É~ ¼ A c* c izŠ ** 1 »T HÔ wÎgÆvZ} Z : ¹ä VÍßXƒ

Ù^Î (äß ä×#Ö] o•… o× à³Â æ än× ä×#Ö] oב ä×#Ö] Ù糉… Ù^³Î æ Ÿ] ‚u] àÚ ÜÓßÚ ^Ú V Ü׳‰æ æ …^ßÖ] àÚ å‚³Ã³Ï³Ú g³jÒ ‚³Î ^m V]çÖ^Î ( èßr³Ö] à³Ú 傳óϳÚ

"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

175 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

w2Å s # Zg ëÐQ  ** â s Ãx Z

o× ØÓ³jÞ ¡³Ê] (ä³³×#³Ö] Ù糉… VÙ^³Î [ØÛÃÖ] Å‚Þ æ ^³³ß³e^³³jÒ WäÖ Ð×ì ^ÛÖ †ŠnÚ ØÓÊ ]ç×Û³Â] é5^ÊÖ] Øa] àÚ á^Ò àÚ ^³Ú^³Ê ^Ú]æ ( é5^ÊÖ] ØÛ³Ã³Ö †³ŠnnŠÊ éæ^³Ï³7Ö] سa] à³Ú á^³³Ò à³Ú V ]†Î Ü$ (éæ^Ï7Ö] ØÛÃÖ †ŠnnŠÊ æ o³Ïi] æ o³_³Â] à³Ú ^³³Ú] æ E 决ŠnßŠÊ o³ß³Šv³Ö^³³e Ñ‚³‘ æ سí³e à³Ú ^³Ú] æ p†³³Šn׳³Ö oߊvÖ^³³e h„³Ò æ o³ß³Ç³j‰] Dp†ŠÃ×Ö å†ŠnߊÊ

ä TgzZ ÔÐ N ¯ IZ » ( ¼ A)

( g;Z[ÂÔ›X‘Z[ÂÔ~g g)

6,ñƒ‘Æ Z} .~ }g !* LZ ë i *" Ð zŠ z K -Å¿ÔÆ™ ‚z½ XƒgD™¿:c* â Û ä\ M ?N Yƒ: Ôì CY ~Š = ÂÅ ¿Ï Q ÃòŠ M C Ù ç O Ôì Š HHðÐ QaÆT „ ]ŠXÁqZÃ(V‚) ]ŠX ÿL X3Z

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]z° ÿL 3XZ gzZ ì CY ~Š =Â Å

=ÂÅ „ ]z° ÁqZ Ã ( V¥izŠ )

ä ÅzmvZ -\ MQXì CY ~Š ä TÎL LS7,( e $ Mt Å? ïgÎ)

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: Cƒx¥'!* tÐp ÖZC Ù ªÆg $u Xì Š Hc* ŠÉЬ~c izŠ c* A ** ¼ 1»òŠ MC Ù X1 Hð{zaÆwqZÆnTì CY ~Š =ÂÅwqZÆnÏZÃòŠ MC Ù X2 gzZì CY~Š =ÂÅwqZ(ÐZ ÂìÐ~( V‚)]Š XIZ {z¤ /ZXì Š H Xì CY~Š =ÂÅ$ +wqZÐZ ÂìÐ~( V¥izŠ )]z°IZ {z¤ /Z y Ò~ kZÔì S7,e $ M aÆ]oÆ] !* kZ KZ ä ÅzmvZ -Ñ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

176 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

: t'!* {Š™ Ås # Zg \¬vZÐZ Â** â sÃx ZiZgzZ Åg (Z ~gÇÌ6, Ô Ht ÎZ äTX 1 A 6,¯ Å „ wqZ(gzZ}o9LZ òŠ M ªXÐN ¯ IZ » ( ¼ ¼ A ) w2 X ÇñY~ ( c izŠ ) w2Ì\¬vZÃkZÔc* PÃx ZiZgzZ Zƒ Zz6,"Ô Hkä TX 2

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: t{zÔ DƒŠg Zz] ŸZ ‹Z 6, $ukZ g

Ès ™»kZ Âì [Y –Ь~c izŠ c* A ** ¼ 1»òŠ MC Ù¤ /Z t ª Ôì ÜZ e~c izŠ ä~ÃV#V# ì ñƒKðtЄ¬\¬vZ ìt ƒg ZŠ h{z{ ZpÔì ** Yá ~¼ A ä~ÃV#V#gzZXƒ: c* ƒg ZŠ h»kZ {z{ Zp „Šp¬ Р䙿Z' ,c* YZÆ y¨ KZ Z} . ì °»Z"uZut ÔìC Ù ªXƒ: c* X}Š™ð3c* A aÆkZ ¼

ä Z} .ŠpaÆ Tì êŠ =ÂÅ¿ÏZÃy¨ KZ \¬vZ¤ /Z t nZ ‹Z ZuzŠ ~Š Zi M Å{Š Zg Zzg (ZÃy¨ KZ ä Z} . ì ¸ Ès ™Ì»kZ ƒ HðÐZ Z} .~ A çÆ y¨ KZ ì t ]!* ÝZ X ì 7|ðÃÅ kZ Ôì ¿g }Š ÏZsÜÃy¨ KZ {z ìti§»ä™Ç** è%Xì @* ™Ç** è%KZsÜgzZsÜ ðÐ Z ä kZŠpaÆTÔì êŠ =ÂÅ"(,s§Å ( c izŠ c* A ) w2 ¼ ÆyŠÆs »Z )óàm‚Ö] Ýçm ÔÖ^³Úv L !* f Í Çƒ: ß Itç O X ì @* ƒH „ƒ'Â켤 /Z k0* ÆkZÔì 7q ðÃÅx ** w°gzZ s »Z k0* Æ( ´ â Xìƒ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³³This ³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

177 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

~hÆ]!* KZäĂ…zmvZ-Ă‘Ăƒe $ M T~g $ukZ tnZ ‚Z ZĹ XĂŹ „g Zâ€?6,gĂŽĂŁZzĂ? ] !* {Š™yĂ’Ă…Ă…zmvZ -\ M {zÔÏ H7]og

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nÂť]gĹ Ă…kZgzZ ( ĂœnĂ—Ă‚ Ă°oE Ă˜Ă“Âłe ä³Ă—#³Ö] ĂĄ])ĂŻÂťDÆZ} .¤ /ZyZZ6,k , Âź ĂŒg¨6, kZ ĂŹ ~gz¢tQĂ‚ϳòi Ă‘ÂťyZZ6,( †m‚Î Ă°oE Ă˜Ă’ oĂ—Ă‚ äĂ—#Ă–] ĂĄ]) X ĂąYHĂ?ĂĄ ZjÆ] ĂŒzĹ -Z6,gĂŽ~Ĺ ĂŁ C

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"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³³This ³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

178 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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æ ÄnÛ‰LLZÌh]Zf{zb§ÏZÔVƒ@* ™ÝqDÐ)g fÆkZj}uzŠ LZ Š ñ}Ь¤ /ZwX σ g y Y™N ŠŠ ñ}Ãw6,¯Å䃆ó n’e

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Ç!* wìt Ôì 7, Z] !* Ô7...Xƒ Zƒ ì‡Ð „ƒÆZ} .{z ì xi ÑÂì TÔì © 8yYÐ)g fÆÚ+Zq -Z KZÃ(vZ ìt] !* ÝZXì ë!* ß„ ** ™n Û tçOXì ** ƒ ógnÇÖ] ÜöÖ^³ÂL»kZÚtXì 7/ŠðÃÃy¨ KZ » G G Xì Lg } Y {z™NŠNŠÐZQgzZì @* ™ì‡ îSG 0©G3©8}¬ Ãw\¬vZ ì óáçÓm ^Ú æ á^³Ò ^³Úv L Z M hÈt Ð ã ‚ M ¹ ë[ ZˆÆs # Ÿz kZ 7xi у ÌðÃÐ kZ gzZ ì ‚ rg D» ( ǃ {g M gzZ [ ƒ ( ~ èâ ) ) Xì @* ƒ** YÐDw¾LZÃwŠ ñ)äkZèYÔ @*M

Ù L C L ì ðƒ yÒt ] !* «~ kZX M s§Åg $u\ M [ ZˆÆ kZ X óì ó [Y–~c izŠ c* A ** ¼ 1»òŠ M

y¨ KZ¤ /ZXìg¼»ï»DÆZ} .¡Ô ** Y–t»ä1Æy¨ KZ~c izŠ c* A ¼ QÂì 7nZ ‹Z ðÃ6,äƒóé5^`7Ö]æ gnÇÖ] ÜöÖ^³ÂÆ L kZªDï»ÆZ} .à {z» Z} .:Xì 7÷RÅnZ ‹Z Ë ißZaÆy¨ KZ Ì6,g¼ÆDï»ÆkZ Xì @* ZIxiÑÃËg¼t»kZ:gzZì x{ÃËï»D ÔwÎgÆvZ} Z L L ì w¸t »/ô{zÔì ðƒyÒ~ g $ukZ ] !* ~uzŠ ƒ: i *"ÐzŠzK -Å¿ÔÆ™ ‚z½6,ñƒ‘ kZÆZ} .~}g !* L Zë H ó Xó N Y "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

179 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

Z} .( v!* fÍ) ªÔ@* ƒê~ƒðûkZ¤ /ZÔ Zƒ–t» Z} . ìts # ŸzÅkZ Æ VÍßÐ 6 ñ0 +Z Ø{ ÔÆg £ Ë%gzZÆ yâ ‡gzZ wßZ Ë%¤ /Z ä ÅzmvZ-Ñä/ôaÆTԶDŽÇ!* ] !* {zÂÔ@* ƒHêt~}g !* ** ™¿gzZ , ™ ‚z½6,ñƒ‘ÆZ} .: VY ë t ªÔ¶ðâ Û Ô]i YZÐ g »"g »q -Z¿[ ì ]!* DtQ Âì »ƒ ðZ} .nç¤ /Z akZX ,Š hg

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

Ãì » 1 Å¿y¨ KZQçO Xì 7¼ ZÎÆ Ýq ^³ » kZ gzZ ì X ñ VZ

¿{z ~Š 7]i YZÇ!* ÅkZÃ/ôä ÅzmvZ -Ñ Ù Š ëp Xƒg D™¿:c* â Û ä\ MÉ Ô,Š hg

Å/ôäÅzmvZ -\ M ìt {zÔì ðƒyÒ~g $ukZ ] !* ~Š çOÔìŠ HHðÐZaÆTÔì CY~Š=ÂÅ¿ÏZÃòŠ MC Ù L L:c* âÛ ™Í]!* ( V¥izŠ ) ]z°IZgzZì CY ~Š =ÂÅ„ ]Š XwqZà ( V‚) ]Š XIZ ó Xó ì CY~Š=ÂÅ„]z°wqZÃ

: DƒZa wDZzŠÐ[ Z kZÆÅzmvZ-Ñ

wqZÉ ÔÜZ e 7~ 3c* A 6,¯ ÅwqZ}' ¼ ,c* iZÃy¨ KZ ä \¬vZX 1 XaÆ3c* ì ðƒaƼ A Є Z’Z KZðÅy¨ KZÃsÐ Ð Ÿ~ƒ LZ {zÐZ Ôì c* ¯ aƼ A Ãy¨ KZ Tä \¬vZçOX 2 LZÐZÔìŠ Hc* ¯aÆcizŠ&gzZì * @Yá~¼ A gzZêŠ=ÂÅVñ»( Xì '"¹Zy¨ KZXì @* Yá~cizŠgzZêŠ=ÂÅVñ»}' , П~ƒ

^Û³ÖLp ÖZÆg $ukZ² Dƒ Za ~ ]gßkZ sÜ] ÑD Z V âzŠt » ó äÖ Ð×ì ^ÛÖLX ñY1™ðßx|» ( ì Š HHðÐ ZaÆT )óäÖ Ð×ì "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

180 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

-Z ËÐ ~ 3c* q A Ð Ÿ~ƒ LZÃy¨ ¼ KZC Ù ävZ ì Š H1™t x| Å\¬vZQÂñY1yâÃx|kZ¤ /ZXì 7tx|»kZèÑqÔì H ZaaÆ ~(,ˆy M Œ Û qÔì @* 7,** ™g ïZ »ö} Zƒ  yZÆkZgzZD¬] ̃  yZ Ôs »Z:gzZì Lg ¹!* w°ðÃ:ˆÆkZXì @* ™7t ‚}g øB‚Æy á Ô G Ô ~{Å# Ö ª Â~ ]gßkZXyZ Å]n: Ôì $ Ë Y Å µÂÅØg:

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

Xì C0* gZŒ Û Z’ZÅ óÕgzŠÆ L vZgzZ •ZÅÕgzŠÆy¨ KZ

M ?ì HQ Âì ; g Y ŒÐ kZ ì 7t ¤ /Z x|» g $u c k , i 6,X] ¬çñ{ zèYÔ D™x¥Ðˆy M Œ Û i»ÂkZ Åp ÖZÆg $u & X ; X „zÌyZögzZì „zÌy‡ Û Ôì „zÌèE.G~yZÔì Hx¯äˆy M Œ Û HHðÐZaÆTÔ3c* Š A ª) óäÖ Ð×ì ^Û³ÖLp ÖZÆg ¼ $uck , i Z®Ôì Š HHyÒÌ~Z79e $ M Ås Z²Z ïgÎÃÏZÔì ˆÅyÒ| ~( ì :c* â Û X ñYHiÃg $ukZ~ÝzgÅ„e $ M kZ ì ~gz¢

Ð ~ Vâ ¨ KZgzZ V†ä ëgzZ L L

Ôì H Za a Æ c izŠ ÃVι yZÔ7B{zÐ XÔ wŠÆyZ Ô7Ù Š {zÐ XÔ @ M Å tX 7F g{zÐ XÔ y»ÆyZ

{Šc* iÌÐyQÉÔ #âÆV-0* a

àùô rôÖû] àøÚô ]†÷nû%ôÒø Üøß$ãørøÖô ^Þø+]…øƒø ‚ûÏøÖøæø áøçû`öÏøËûmø Ÿ$ hºçû×öÎö ÜûãöÖø (‹ôÞûŸôû]æø (^ãøeô áøæû†ö’ôfûmö Ÿ$ àºnöÂûø] ÜûãöÖø æø ^ãøeô ÔøòôÖ5æö] ^ãøeô áøçûÃöÛøŠûmø Ÿ$ áº]ƒø! ÜûãöÖøæø Üöâö ÔøòôÖ5æö] (Ø% •øø] Üûaö Øûeø Ýô^ÃøÞûŸøû^Òø .áøçû×öËôÇFÖû]

¸" Ç* ! vß ¸ Ô {Ze ó Xó

À& /ŸG HHg (Z ~ g Š $u c k , i [|Z Ôì „z [|Z » e $ M kZ Ô õG Š\ M ÏZÔƒŠ HHð{zÌaÆTÔ3c* A Ãy¨ ¼ KZ ì Š HHyÒ~g $uXì "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

181 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

¹ ä ë ì c* â Û ä \¬vZ~ e $ M kZgzZì CY ~Š = ÂÅwqZ ._Æ y Z ìC Ù ªŠ lŠp Â] !* t Ð kZ Ôì H Za aÆ 3ÃVâ ¨ KZgzZ V†Ð g (Z [|Z „z Ì~ e $ M kZ Z®Xì H Za aÆ ¼ A Ã{ z´Æ Vι (Z ä vZ X ì Š HHg (Z ~ g $u [|Z Ôì ˆÅ ] !* ~g7 ñƒ D™ ¹Z ä ë c* â Û Xì Š Hc* Š} Š6,gîãZz Ì[ Z »kZ~ e $ M ?ì HVY

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

ÅÚ Š Ô7!Ί z!* Æ¢ A &ÅWÎ{z ì H Za Ðzz kZaÆ3 gzZ V\ M ÔwŠ X 7F g Š z!* Æ¢ A & ÅG g gzZ 7Ù Š Š z!* Æ¢ A& ×ðÃ~ÑzígzZë!* zhvßt ì ¸Š Z%Ðh e:x »Ð V6&ÅVâ » XÝZXì ¸ „™NŠ$ +z(C Ù Â3 Zg » ygzZg Zi !* ìC Ù ª:gz Ô D™7 -ZŠ4Æ 3Z} . ì CC …e $ M Ñ!* `gŠ Xì » „×~ÑzígzZ ë!* zh á Ây»á ZzG ggzZ@ M à ZzÚ Š ÔwŠ ÑZzKÐ s§Å Z} . Ç} ™ÃVÍß ÆÑzígzZ ë!* z hÐ zz Å ] ZŠ ¢ LZ gzZ ] ÷Zp KZ { z 1ÔÐ N M ™ µñÆG g Ô7ÐBŠ6,µñÆÚ Š {zXÐ ™0ñ0 +ZÇ!* ~A ç 3gzZÐVƒg D»…ÆZ} .t :Ô7Ð−6,µñÆKgzZ7Ð[6, XÐ, , 7 Y~ À &ŠgzZ M s§Å]ÑDZá Zz äƒ Za Ð p ÖZÆg /ŸG {z õG $u\ M [ Z X D YƒiÇ!* ~ÝzgÅe $ M kZ Xì [Y–~3c* A ** ¼ 1»òŠ MC Ù tª] !* « ä kZXì g¼»ï»DÆkZÉ Ô7»}Š Zg ZÆvZ~}g !* Æ VÍßt }g !* ÆÔg(Z:gzZƒ ‚ rg {Š Zg Z: ÔßyY" Ënçt »™ ** 1~3c* A ¼ Å {Š Zg Z zg (Z ä kZ&Ôì ~ }g!* Æ t‘+Z q -Z ** Y –tÉ Ô H7~ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

182 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

Ãy¨ KZ Z} . ìg~‚fÐ b§hZ Ì] !* t „B‚ÆkZÔå Zi ZâÐ ~Š Zi M ~Š â Û «ÐZ ~Š Zi Mt µZß Z ° ä kZ Ô ;g 7x » ** ~ ¶Š ~Š Zi M Å {Š Zg Z zg (Z Ž *Š6,¯ ÏZ Xì @* ™ ó ExerciseL[pÃ~Š Zi M kZ y¨ KZ … Y ëXì c* ZI » ¿6,<ÑÃy¨ KZ ä vZ6,¯ Å ÏZgzZ îŠ Zw6,x` ÐZ —Z° ËÆ Z} .~}g !* Æ y¨ KZtÔ7x{à Ëg¼t »ï»DÆ Z} .çO Xì

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

Ã~Š Zi M Å{Š ZgZzg (Z {Š™ «Å Z} .yà ì yÒ»D¡É Ôì 7yÒ»}Š Zg Z {Š™ «Å Z} .yÃgzZ ÇñY~¼ A gzZÇ}™g(Z]Š XwqZÔñƒD™wEZ ~ c izŠgzZ Ç}™g (Z]z°wqZÔñƒ D™wEZÃ~Š Zi M kZ Å{Š Zg Zzg (Z ~e $ M Ñ!* `gŠ 6Ô@* ™7xiÑà ËÌb§ËÔìC Ù ªDt » Z} .X ÇñY A çÆÑzí)t ì H Za Ðzz kZaÆ 3¹Z ä ë ì Š HHyÒ gzZ 7Ù ŠŠ z!* Æ¢ A &ÅÚ Š Ô7!Ί z!* Æ¢ A &ÅWÎ ( ~ X 7F gŠ z!* Æ¢ A &ÅG g

ÿ5„ŠpgzZ êŠ =ÂÅ]Š XwqZÿM„Šp\¬vZ t]!* ~uzŠ Xì êŠ =ÂÅ]z°wqZ

A ÔñƒD™wEZÃ~Š Zi M Å{Š Zg Zzg (Z LZ¿ ìts ¼ # ŸzÅkZ ÅwqZ(vZÐZ Ôì Le ** ™g (Z wqZ (aÆ kZgzZ @* ™{Š Zg Z » äY ~ =ÂÅ$ +wqZvZÐZÔì Le ** ™g (ZÃ$ +wqZ™ƒ Zz6, ÑÐ ]y M gzZ êŠ = ¿ Ð }t ë ÂñY HyÒ~ p ÖZÆ e $ M Ñ!* `gŠ¤ /ZÃ]!* ÏZX ì êŠ aÆä™t Û ~ë!* z hgzZ ä™×~ÑzíÃV6&Å»gzZyz †KZ Za aƼ A ävZ&ì @* ƒ¿{z „zÔì Le ** CZ { Zg 9QgzZì @* ™wEZ LZ {z å 1yYt Ð)g fÆï»DLZ ävZ~}g !* ÆkZèYÔ å H "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³³This ³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

183 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

** Y~ ¼ A Æ™g (ZwqZ(gzZ Ç}™wEZ 9Ð è%Š Zi M KZÃ{Š Zg Zzg (Z vZ Ôì @* ™C Ù ª{Š Zg Z » ä™g (Z nÃ’™wqZ‰‰~ *Š ¿tçOÔÇì e ÃV6&Å»gzZyz†KZ¿ b§ÏZXì * @Y `êŠ =ÂÅ’™wqZÐZ {z Ô @* CZ 7à 5 Zg 9gzZ @* ™7wEZa ä™t Û ~ë!* z hgzZ×~Ñzí å 1yYÐ)g fÆï»DLZ ävZ~}g !* ÆTÔì @* ƒ¿„z G ñƒ D™g(Z wqZ$ +gzZ Ç}™wEZßÐ è%Š Zi M KZÃ{Š Zg Zzg (Z LZt

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

‰~*ŠQÔ åH Za aÆ„ c izŠ ävZÃkZçOÔ Çì e »6,{Zg Å c izŠ =ÂÅ$ +wqZÐZvZÔì @* Y`@*MÃ{Š ZgZ »ä™g (Z$ +wqZÐs§ÅkZ‰ Æy ¨ KZÐ s§ÅkZ:gzÔåce * *™„ (Z ìC Ù ªÃ\¬vZXì @* Y ` êŠ (Z Z} . ¶¸ ]!* hgzZ 9ˆÆ~Š Zi M Å{Š Zg Zzg (ZèYÔ @*M xi у~A ç X}™„

KZ ä ÅzmvZ -ÑÃe $ M T~ g $ukZ ì Š HHyÒt wDZ ZŠ Xì „g Z”6,gîãZzÐ ] !* {Š™yÒÅ\ M {zÔì H7]og ~hÆ] !* LZgzZ ÇñY~¼ A 6,¯ÅwqZ(gzZ}o9LZòŠ M ìtÂx|»e $M °oÆ kZuZu~ g $u kZ²Ç ñY ~ c izŠ6,¯ ÅwqZ$ +gzZ}oë!* Xì ðƒyÒ] !* y Ò~ e $ M ì „zÇ!* ] !* {Š™yÒ~g $u ì c* Š™ ãZztäë6, zZ ë!* LZgzZ ÇñY~¼ A 6,¯Å„wqZ(gzZ}o9LZòŠ M ªÔì ðƒ X ÇñY~c izŠ {z6,¯Å„wqZ$ +gzZ}o

cdÜ D™yÒ B‚Æ ] Zglz ] Ãz÷ƒ  yZÆ kZ Ãg $u c k , i ë [Z "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³³This ³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

184 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

Xì cdܸ akZÔì ÑÅ~c~g ‚kZäëqÔ ~ ?: c* â Û ä ÅzmvZ -Ñ ¹ä V,Z Ôì e $ZzgÐÅvZ èg Z L L c* Š:É~ ¼ A c* c izŠ ( 6,¯ Åï»DÆvZ ) ** 1»TÔì 7(Z ÌðÃÐ ‚z½6, ñƒ‘ÆZ} .~}g !* LZë HÔwÎgÆvZ} Z :¹äVÍßXƒŠ H rt» Z} .)ƒg D™¿:c* â Û ä\ MX N Yƒ: i *"ÐzŠzK -Å¿ÔÆ™ G ' X ( ñ0* gZŒ Û ê„  gŠ ** ™ m, /Ð ¿Zg é£+ ì 7ƒ ðÃÐ s§Å kZ ¤

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

wEZÃ{Š ZgZzg (Z ~Š Zi MÐ è%KZØ{~ *Š kZ {z²)ÃòŠ MC Ù ( ÔdŠ ) aÆTÔì CY ~Š =ÂÅ¿ÏZ ( Âì Le ** ™g (ZÿËñƒ D™ LZäkZ&ì@* ƒ¿„ztÔìC Ù ª)ìŠ HHðÐZ(6, ¯Åï»DÆZ} .) ]Š XIZçO (Ôå * *™g(Z ñƒ D™wEZÐ è%ŠZi M KZÃ{Š ZgZ zg(Z -Z Ð è%Š Zi M KZ {zèY ) ì CY ~Š =ÂÅ „ ]Š XwqZ à ( V‚) CY~Š =ÂÅ„]z°wqZà ( V¥izŠ )]z°IZgzZ( D™g(ZÃwqZ ÅzmvZ -\ MQX ( D™g (ZÃwqZ -ZÐ è%Š Zi M KZ {zèY )ì ä TÎL L:S7,( e $ Mt Å? ïgÎñƒ D Ñ ?ŠÐ y M Œ Û 6,]!* kZ) ä » (¼ A ) w2Ås # ZgëÐZ Â** â sÃx ZiZgzZ Åg (Z ~g ÇÌ6, gzZ Ht ÎZ Zƒ –~ ¼ A 6,¯ Åï»DLZ ävZ ** 1 »VÍßÆb§ÏZ)Ð N ¯ IZ w2Ìë ÃkZ Ôc* PÃx Z iZ gzZ Zƒ Zz6," gzZ H kä TgzZ ( Ôì LZävZ ** 1»VÍßÆb§ÏZ )Ð,Š„eaÆ"(, s§Å ( c izŠ ) ó óX ( ì Zƒ–~c izŠ6, ¯Åï»D

ä™ðÃVâ ¨ KZ ä\¬vZ ǃVziñbŠ™s # Ÿz Å] !* -Zh q +' × VŒ Xì HÃ7ÆZ} .ÐkZÔì ÑZ eVY~¿kZÆ÷â i MˆÆ :ì Š HH ãZzÐb§kZÃ]!* kZ~4e $ M Å÷-ïgÎ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

185 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

QÔì @* ™i ¸ M »»„z—" L L vß @* Ô Ç }™ {Š ¬Z » kS „z K x » ( äV,QgzZ ñÑ yZZ V2gzZ }Š!$ +B‚Æ w°ÃyQ lZŠ0* ŬÆyQaÆyQÔH¬ä

pøˆôrûnøÖô åü‚önûÃômö Ü$ $ö Ðø×ûíøÖû] ]æ. ‚øfûmø äüÞ$ô] lô^vøÖô^’$ Ö] ]ç×öÛôÂøæø ]çûßöÚø! àømû„ôÖ$] hº]†øEø ÜûãöøÖ ]æû†öËøÒø àømû„ô$Ö]æø (¼ôŠûÏôÖû^eô ]çûÞö^Òø ^Ûøeô ܺnûÖôø] hº]„øÂø æ$ ÜõnûÛôuø àûÚôù .áøæû†öËöÓûmø

ó Xó ì [Z±u** ŠgŠgzZã0* mÅ~

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kZgzZðÅVâ ¨ KZävZ ì ˆ~Š C~p ÖZ ãZz¹] !* t~e $ M kZ »wqZ(ÃyZZ IZ ì akZ „ H¿Zg ‚t »äg Z ¦ / Ð ÷â i M ¹ZˆÆ ~¼ A ÃyZZIZ {z @* ì akZ „ ð¯ *ŠtÅ÷â i M äZ} .ªX ñY c* Š!$ + Ð VÍß¼gzZ ñY HŠ !* Mà c izŠÐ VÍß¼ @* ˆð¯7akZtX ñYá ÔÐ Vƒ Ìvßá Zz 䙬~ Ë Æ {Š Zg Z z g (Z ~Š Zi M èa %Z Xü A ÆZ} .'~c izŠ¹ZX ÇñY c* Š wZ e~c izŠ~ lZŠ 0* Åi$ +ÅyZ¹Z Z® Ð~,Z Âzxi ZßÆZ b ÅyZZIZ ZwtŬIZÉ Ô å7ÑðÃÐ~œ£ X D YáÅaÆä¯ Cc* ½ÃV”wjZ—" ìt wVÅkZXì 4E -G &X ïŠ yJZgzZ D 0* SE @G Dƒx » ** ¼gzZ Dƒ [x» a¼ îG ½~ yZ a pÔì á C=g f »ò » ** żgzZ ! x» ÅV”¼Íx  ã JZgzZŠ z »wjZX ¼Æx ¸Ã7}g øÐ kZ YY c* Š 7g Z Œ Û tÑ»wjZ Ì~]gßË yÒ9gzZì @* YHyÒ¸åÑ»wjZXì ** ¯x » ** ügzZ ** ¯[ x»ÃV” ½~kZa @* ìŠ Hc* Ñ~Š zaƶŠš M F, Ê Z Û ZÆx ¸{z ì @* YH X Vƒ[ x»gzZN 0* \¬vZ ì Š Ha kZ „ 5~ *Š kZ Å÷â i M Ãy¨ KZ ìt |çO ü A Ð VÍß¼vZ Š H57a kZX }Š!$ +»wqZ(ÆyZÃyZZ IZ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

186 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

„ì Ð~œ£Ã7ÆZ} .** ™Š !* Mà c izŠXà c izŠÐ VÍß¼gzZ}™Š !* M X D¤ /Y~c izŠ~lZŠ 0* Åi$ +KZ¡Âá Zz䙬X 7 X ä×#Ö] ‚ß Ü×ÃÖ] æ p‚ß ^Ú ]„a [Y 2000]

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om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³³This ³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

187 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

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188 àm ÜãÊ

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189 àm ÜãÊ

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190 àm ÜãÊ

³³³³³³³³³³³³ ~tsg ç ³³³³³³³³³³³³

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192 àm ÜãÊ

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193 àm ÜãÊ

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194 àm ÜãÊ

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195 àm ÜãÊ

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196 àm ÜãÊ

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197 àm ÜãÊ

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198 àm ÜãÊ

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199 àm ÜãÊ

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200 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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201 àm ÜãÊ

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202 àm ÜãÊ

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203 àm ÜãÊ

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204 àm ÜãÊ

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205 àm ÜãÊ

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206 àm ÜãÊ

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207 àm ÜãÊ

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208 àm ÜãÊ

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209 àm ÜãÊ

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213 àm ÜãÊ

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214 àm ÜãÊ

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215 àm ÜãÊ

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216 àm ÜãÊ

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ˆ Æ kZ ìtzz ~uzŠ Xì ã Vt 6,¯ Å äY ñZC Ù Šg !* g !* Æ kZ Z®Ôì tc* ÍÐYB‚z»y M Œ Û Xì @* Yc* 5B‚ÆkZ {zÔì @* YJ 7, z »y M Œ Û Z} .{gÎt ìtzz~ŠXì CB ãVt6,¯ Åäƒ ZC Ù Š kZçOÔì ˆƒ ~C ÙŠ \¬vZ ìgÃè~ÏŠg $uq -Z 6Ôì Ë~V”zŠyxgŠÆ}ÈgzZ Tz{z » kZ Ôì 1™„JŠ M JŠ M yxgŠÆ}È LZgzZ LZÃBà ÒgÎä {gÎt Xì aÆ}È {zÔì ¬Š~Tz{zgzZì aÆZ} .Ôì zÅ Z} .~ t »kZçOXì ˆ™g (Z ^Å} h q -Z6,¯ ÅäƒË~ V”zŠ b§kZ y*LZ {gÎt ìtzz¶aXìzzÅäBãVÆkZÔ** ƒ~^Å} h tÌÐ UkZçOX ¬Š ZuzŠgzZì zzª»kZÔì Œ6,V©zŠÐ UÆ -Z Xì ðƒ wi ** q iŠ zŠt t , v0* Xì ã Vt Z®Ôì ~ ^Å} h q -Z c* Š ¯ ã VÐ Z ääY ñ ZC Ù Š kZÆwz4, çOX ~¶æiŠq -ZgzZ~UiŠ ñƒK }C Ù Š ] ÜÆ kZ ì ˆÅyÒt Å äƒ ã VÆ kZzz ”Xì ó àm„Ö] ½]†‘LÔóÜnÏjŠÛÖ] ½]†’Ö]LÔóànÃjŠÞæ ‚fÃÞLÔ ó Ünu†Ö]LÔó àÛFu†Ö]LªX ‰ÆkZçOX óànÖ^–Ö] †nÆgLzZ óhç–ÇÛÖ] †nÆL~]Y ZŒ Û ÅvZèg/]|gzZ tzz,‚Xìzzq -Z ÅäYbŠg Z Œ Û ãVÐZ Ì** ƒ~^ÅVzh t»p ÖZ Xì ˆ~Šg ZŒ Û ¸zzÝZÅäƒãVÆkZ 5C "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. ³This ³³³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³ cannot be uploaded ³³³³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

217 àm ÜãÊ

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\¬vZèa~kZgzZƒˆÅyÒz~TÔ ë ÌÃqkZãV ì CYÅyÒ Xì ãVtZ®Ôì ˆÅyÒzÅ hÆkZ äV,ZX b‡Æäƒ ãV#Æ„BÃÒgÎÌvZ¶gk , 0Z ` Å ¹ä öÐW›.Z0G1Z ìtg $u«X Å7g $Š qZ q ¯%zŠ Å ó ó~ggL L~ Ôìxy M Œ Û gzZ ãV#{z„óànÛÖ^ÃÖ] h… ä×#Ö ‚ÛvÖ] L c* â Û äÅzmvZ-Ñ

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218 àm ÜãÊ

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219 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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220 àm ÜãÊ

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/Z™Äg~ ‚f Ãx|kZX ]‚Æ Vzq ðƒ Å Zh Zh c* ¤ ] ‚Ð ~ Vzq X CF, Z7~g76,x|kZ ÌðÃÐ~yZ ÂBŠÃZg M Ñ!* `gŠë 'gÎ] ‚{zt ï Šg Z Œ Û ãV#akZÃwZî#9‡ÆñZg« gzZ5Zg ¶ ZÔwVZ~yZ tc* ìŠ HHyÒg !* g !* Ãx © ZgzZˆÔŠzuÔøZ Û ~X Xì Š HHyÒg !* g !* Ãœ»

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221 àm ÜãÊ

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222 àm ÜãÊ

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224 àm ÜãÊ

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225 àm ÜãÊ

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226 àm ÜãÊ

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227 àm ÜãÊ

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228 àm ÜãÊ

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231 àm ÜãÊ

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232 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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234 àm ÜãÊ

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235 àm ÜãÊ

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236 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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264 àm ÜãÊ

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266 àm ÜãÊ

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267 àm ÜãÊ

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269 àm ÜãÊ

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270 àm ÜãÊ

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271 àm ÜãÊ

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275 àm ÜãÊ

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277 àm ÜãÊ

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278 àm ÜãÊ

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279 àm ÜãÊ

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280 àm ÜãÊ

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283 àm ÜãÊ

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284 àm ÜãÊ

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285 àm ÜãÊ

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286 àm ÜãÊ

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287 àm ÜãÊ

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ĂŚ èĂ—òŠĂ›Ă–] oĂŠ ^Ă&#x;fa„Ú “nĂ­Ă—Âłi Ă Ăš Ă°^Ă›Ă—ĂƒĂ–] †na^Ă›q Ă™^ĂŽ ĂĽ^Ă&#x;ĂƒĂ›e Ăœaâ€šĂƒe Ă Ăš ĂŚ Ă nĂƒe^jĂ–] ĂŚ èe^v’Ö] ĂŚ ÔÖ^Ăš ĂŚ p‌ç%Ă–] ga„Ú ça ĂŚ ĂłĂœa†nÆÌ èĂ‹nĂ&#x;u oeĹ“

Ă”evZèg/Ă´ĂŠĂ…Ă?ZXĂŹ ĂœÂť

( 81/14~z‥ZbÆ›9)

t Ă› Ă°ĂƒĂ? U kZ~k , zÂŁĆ’  yS c* ĂŹ @* 7,t‚ ÂťXVĆ’ĂŻ{z 7 7t‚ Âť XĂ”VĆ’ ĂŽz 8 -g ÂĄ{z

om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

Ă… f Ă’Z Æ ˆ â gzZ vZ Ă‚g É@* 1ZxâZĂ”´ âxâZĂ”~gNxâZXĂŹĂąZg ĂŒ< Ă˜ è Âť f}uzĹ {z´Ă† yZgzZ Ăł XĂł ĂŹ ¸

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: D™

ĂĄ] V Ă™^ĂŽ äĂ—#Ă–] ‚fĂ‚ Ă e gâÌ Ă ÂłĂ‚ gqä Ă…zmvZ -Ă‘ ĂŤ Ă ĂƒĂ– ĂœĂ—â€°ĂŚ änĂ—Ă‚ äĂ—#Ă–] oĂ—â€˜ ofĂ&#x;Ă–] Ăł XĂł ðâ Ă› Ă’6, ( ĂĄZzä¯k , z ÂŁ) ( 2086ÂśgĂ”~g g) ó‌ç’ÛÖ] ä V,Z ĂŹ e $Zzg Ă? ĂŒâ€ĄL L Ă™çĂ?i è@Ăą^Ă‚ ÄÛ‰ äĂž] Ăœâ€°^Ă?Ă–] Ă Ă‚ }á ‚ùƒÍtĂƒĂˆÂŹ]| äĂ—#Ă–] oĂ—â€˜ äĂ—#Ă–] Ă™ç‰‌ oĂ—Ă‚ Ă˜ĂŹ; kZ Ă” Ăą M Ă…zmvZ -vZ wĂŽg k0* Êç㉠l†j‰ ‚ÎÌ ĂœĂ—â€°ĂŚ ä³n׳ 6,t ¤ ( Æ y ) ä ~ ~ wq äĂ“jâ ĂĽ]‌ ^Û×Ê Ă˜n$^Ă›i änĂŠ Ă?]†Ă?e oĂ– {z ÔÏ e $ZzgĂ?vZ†0Z < Ă˜ zL L

"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot ³ ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

294 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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µk , z£6,TÔ å 3g \ dZÀ (Zq -Z

vZ yŠÆ # Ö ª ÔȬ }Z :c* â Ûä

è@ñ^ ^m Ù^³Îæ ä³ãqæ áç×iæ Ýçm ä×#Ö] ‚ß ^e]„ Œ^ß³Ö] ‚³ ] ä×#Ö] Ð×íe áçâ^–m àm„Ö] èÚ^nϳÖ] äßÚ ^ß×ÃrÊ å^ßÃ_ÏÊ è@ñ^ kÖ^Î óàni;^‰æ æ] é;^‰æ

ǃÃVÍßyZ [Z±+F, +”V; Æ h

( 2107¶gÔ›)

ä ÅzmvZ -Ñ Z # X ‰ðƒ gzZ c* Š h M Ð Z ä \ M  ¬Š Ð Z \ M gzZ Š Hw$ +8 -g »}n Æ \ M

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X D™ð/xÆ ðÅ Z} .

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-vZ wÎgX ‰ðƒ µ ,k , ¦~ Dƒ 4ZŠ ~ y ) ä ÅzmvZ

} i ZzgŠ\ M ¬ŠÐ ZZ # ( ñƒ Ô ñƒ74ZŠ~ygzZ‰ ug6, „

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"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot ³ ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

295 àm ÜãÊ

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6,kZ \ M @* Ï Zh +y a Æ \ M

p„Ö] knfĂ–] ĂĄ] Ă™^ĂŽ Ăœ$ ĂœjĂ?Ă—ĂŹ ^Ăš .èĂ“ù¥Ă›Ă–] ä×Ï‚i Ÿ ‌ç’Ö] ^`nĂŠ

vZ wĂŽg Ă‚X N ĂŽf6,kZgzZ$

( 2107œgÔ›)

t ä ~ :šä V,Z ?Ï á Z¢t

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kZ Ă”VĆ’ k , zÂŁ~ yT :c* â Ă›ä Ăł XĂł DĆ’74ZĹ Âş Ă›~ {z ÔÏ e $ZzgĂ? dZ ! Z0G L L

kĂ&#x;Ă’ Ă™^ĂŽ Ă Ĺ vĂ–] oe] Ă e ‚nĂƒâ€° Ă Ă‚ ÆÅvZ èg k„0Z~ : ĂŤ ^ÛãĂ&#x;Ă‚ äĂ—#Ă–] o•‌ Ĺ’^fĂ‚ Ă e] ‚Ă&#x;Ă‚ gzZ c* M Âżq -Z~ĂŁZĂ” ĂĽZĆ’ ´k0* oĂž] Ĺ’^fĂ‚ ^e] ^m Ă™^Ă?ĂŠ Ă˜q‌ ĂĽ^i] Ć’] Âż(Zq -Z~Ă”k„1Z}Z:šäkZ p‚m èĂƒĂ&#x;‘ Ă Ăš oj@nĂƒĂš ^ÛÞ] ĂĄ^Ĺ Ăž] gzZ ĂŹ @* ž ~izg Ă?B; LZ VĆ’ Ă e] Ă™^Ă?ĂŠ †mĂŚ^’jĂ–] ü„â Ă„Ă&#x;‘] oĂž]ĂŚ ]|XĂŹ ** ÂŻ ,, kÂŚt gÇizg Zá kĂƒĂ›Âłâ€° ^³Ú Ÿ] Ă”$‚u] Ÿ Ĺ’^ÂłfĂ‚ „zĂ? ?~ c* Ĺ [Z ä k„0Z ĂœĂ—â€°ĂŚ änĂ—Ă‚ äĂ—#Ă–] oĂ—â€˜ äĂ—#Ă–] Ă™ç³â€°â€Ś vZ -vZ wĂŽg ä ~ Ç VÂź]!* ĂŠâ€ŚĂ§â€˜ â€ŚĂ§â€˜ Ă Ăš Ă™çĂ?m äjĂƒĂ›â€° Ă™çĂ?m ä ~ XĂŹ ‚ ùƒ Dâ Ă› ĂƒĂ…zm ^ĂŁnĂŠ ĂŽĂ‹Ă&#x;m oju äeâ€žĂƒĂš äĂ—#Ă–] ĂĄ^³Ê DâĂ› tĂƒ( Ă…zmvZ-vZwĂŽg)\ M ]‚e] ^ĂŁnĂŠ ĂŽĂŠ^ÂłĂ&#x;Âłe ‚³nĂ–ĂŚ |̆³Ö] vZ ÔÇù¯ k , ÂŚÂż ĂŹ ‚ ùƒ â€ Ă‹â€˜] ĂŚ Ê‚m‚ Êçe‌ Ă˜q†Ö] ^e†Ê -‰ J Ăœ z kZĂ?ZgzZ Ç}Ĺ [ZÂąĂ?Z kne] ĂĄ] Ă”vmĂŚ Ă™^Ă?³Ê ä³`qĂŚ : bzg~ kZ {zJ -Z # Ă” Ç} hg: †r@Ă–] ]„ãe Ă”nĂ—ĂƒĂŠ Ă„Ă&#x;’i ĂĄ] Ÿ] -Y : ĂŒL~ kZ {z gzZ ĂŞ Y 7 .|Ì‌ änĂŠ ‚nĂ– Ă°o Ă˜Ă’ HZ< Ĺ Ă? š Âż{z™Ă?]!* t X Çn

( 2225ÂśgĂ”~g g)

"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot ³ ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

296 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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kZX Ĺ H7,Ĺ gi8 -g Âť}n ÆkZgzZ , k ÂŚN¤ /Z Z} .ĂŻĂˆ: šä k„0Z6, +Z Ă‹ c* ÂŻ Ă…| # gĹ kZ Ă‚ĂŹ „ ĂŁÂŻ Ăł XĂł Ć’: bzg~TÂŻĂ…q : ĂŤ {z ÔÏ e $ZzgĂ?¡gi1ZL L Æ yZz%B‚Æ {k , Ă™ 1Z ]|~ C

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~ kZ ä V,Z Ă‚ ZĆ’ 4ZĹ ~ y

Ă„Ăš kĂ—ĂŹ; Ă™^³Î èÂ‌‥ oÂłe] à ³Â p]†Ê ĂĄ]̆Ú ‌]; oĂŠ ʆm†³â oÂłe] Ă™ç‰‌ kĂƒĂ›â€° Ă™^Ă?ĂŠ †mĂŚ^’i ^ĂŁnĂŠ Ă™çĂ?m ĂœĂ—â€°ĂŚ änĂ—Ă‚ äĂ—#Ă–] oĂ—â€˜ äĂ—#³Ö] à ÛÚ ĂœĂ—ž] à ÚÌ Ă˜q̈ äĂ—#Ă–] Ă™^³Î oĂ?Ă—Ă­Ă’ ^Ă?Ă—³Ï Ă?³×³í³m g³âĆ’ èfu ]çĂ?Ă—Ă­nĂ– ĂŚ] Ê‌ƒ ]çĂ?Ă—Ă­Âłn׳Ê .ʆnĂƒ ]çĂ?Ă—Ă­nĂ– ĂŚ]

vZ wĂŽg ä ~ š Ă‚BĹ k , zÂŁ ĂŹ ‚ ùƒ ĂŤt ĂƒĂ…zmvZ Z(,Ă? ÂżkZ : D â Ă› VzÂłvZ

Ă…ä¯ ]â€Ąâ€˜}á Ôǃ yĂƒĂ?ÂŞ +Z ) X ZĆ’ Z9òä¯ ]â€Ąâ€˜b§ {z ( ce Ăƒ VĂ&#x; Zz ä™ ]g

( 2111œgÔ›)

Ă‚{g fq -Z ( }t‘Ă?KgĂ°Ăƒ~á)

q -Z c* : ZŠq -Z c* N 3ŠÆ™ð

Ăł XĂł ,Ĺ 3ŠÆ™ð„ ĂŤ {z ÔÏ e $ZzgĂ? %0›L L y,Z q -ZB‚Æ tzä~ : ~Ă“Ă… (x?Z?)*%~TÔü~ & :Ă‘ ĂŹ tzäX ‰( k , zÂŁ c* Ăľ+gBE) Ă”7:šä ~X ~Ă“Ă…òŸt :š ä tzäX ~Ă“ Ă… *%t

kĂ&#x;Ă’ Ă™^ĂŽ xnf‘ Ă e ĂœĂ—Ĺ Ăš à ³Â Ă˜n$^Ă›i änĂŠ kne oĂŠ Ñ̆ŠÚ Ă„Ăš Ă˜n$^Ă›i ]„â Ñ̆ŠÚ Ă™^Ă?ĂŠ Ăœm†Ú Ă˜n$^Ă›i ]„⠟ kĂ—ÂłĂ?³Ê p†³ŠĂ’ oĂž] ^Ăš] Ñ̆³ŠĂš Ă™^ÂłĂ?³Ê ĂœÂłm†³Ú ;çĂƒĹ Ăš Ă e äĂ—#Ă–] ‚fĂ‚ kÂłĂƒÂłĂ›Âłâ€°

"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot ³ ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

297 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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VzgqyŠÆ# Ă– ÂŞ:ĂŹ c* â Ă› äĂ…z

äĂ—#Ă–] oĂ—â€˜ äĂ—#Ă–] Ă™ç‰‌ Ă™^ĂŽ Ă™çĂ?Âłm ^e]„ Œ^Ă&#x;Ă–] ‚ ] ĂœĂ—Âłâ€°ĂŚ ä³n׳ .åÌ‌ç’ÛÖ] èĂš^nĂ?Ă–] Ă?çm

{Ĺ c* iĂ? Ć’  ( 6,VĂ&#x; Zz ä¯ ~Ă“)

( 2109œgÔ›)

‚Ă?Ĺ &0vZ†ä~Ôƒg { Ç M mvZ -vZ wĂŽg ¸ ĂŤ {z ÔÏ

ó Xó ǃ[Z¹

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wÑ+Z

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Xk , ŒÅ ( ÚyY") bzg ~ f)Ô3U*

x ZwÇ!* Ă? ĂĄ ZjC Ă™ gzZ ~ ]gĂ&#x;C Ă™ Ă”** ÂŻk , ÂŚĂ… ( Ĺ zg ZĹ yY ) bzg ~f X 2 c* 0* x`  ä™g (Z/ KĂ? ðÚÅ Z} .~ ä¯ Ă?ZèYÔÏ { k H{Lt XĂŹ Š$E kZs # ŸzĂ…/ KkZXĂŹ @* Y ~ ä¯ k , ÂŚĂ…g ZĹ yY D™V- fĂ†ĂƒĂŽ0 G n~ ĂłgĂł 6Z L gLzZ Ăł óÛÓZ L L] ĂŒmºÅ \ÂŹvZ Ă? wq -Z gzZ Ă Ă• Ă… Ă° x Âť „vZsĂœĂœZ eyYc* „Ybzg~Ĺ zĂ‹èYÔÏ @* Yc* 0* òúŠäĆ’q -Ă‘ Z} .k , ŒÅÚà Zzbzg:XĂŹ m{B‚Æ„ Z} .sĂœtĂ”Y™7ZuzĹ Ă°ĂƒtÔÏ Z} .Ăƒä¯Ă†k , ÂŚkZaĂ?ZXĂŹ ** ™ðb§Ă…Ă°Ă… Z} .ÂŞĂ Ă•Ă…Ă°m{Ă… $U* " Ă?g $u Ă‘!* `gĹ 6ÔÏ c* Ĺ } Ĺ g Z Ĺ’ Ă› ** ÂŻ t‘b§Ă…ä¯ t‘LZ ä (Ă…Ă›{ b§Ă… Z} .Ăƒ\ M LZ Ă‘Zz ä¯ k , ÂŚĂ…g ZĹ yY ĂŹ 9It :XĂŹ "All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³cannot Âł ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

298 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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"All rights of this book are reserved for the publisher and the author. This copy is for reading purpose only. This be uploaded ³³³³³copy ³³³³³³³³³cannot ³ ³³³³³on ³³³³³any ³³³³³ website except those of the publisher and the author."

299 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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.äĂ—#Ă–] Ă?Ă—Ă­e åçâ^–m

Ă… Z} . Ă‡Ć’ĂƒVĂ?Ă&#x;yZ[ ZÂą+F, + h â€? Ăł XĂł D™ð/xÆð \ÂŹv Z (c* â Ă› äĂ…zmvZ-Ă‘)LL ǃyĂƒĂ?ÂŞZ(, Ă?ÂżkZ: D â Ă› ]â€Ąâ€˜b§Ă… ä¯ ]â€Ąâ€˜}á ä™]g +Z) X ZĆ’ Z9òä¯

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om i.c id am rg gh d.o ad wri hm a da l-m ve .a .ja w w ww w w

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( 2107œgÔ›)

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381 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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387 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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393 Ă m ĂœĂŁĂŠ

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