Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 1~3 Lecture Knowledge Map
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 1 E-‐Learning & Studio Knowledge Map
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 1 Studio Session: Building Tower with Wooden Blocks We started with planning and testing. The hint given is the more angles of the buildings, the more stable of its structure. Hence, circle might be the most stable structure for us to start with. We chose the most In order to make the tower secured way to more stable and steady for a construct the tower. certain height, we decided We divided it into to lay down the wood bricks three different to maximize the contact are section, with the between the base of the decreasing contact tower and the table. area with the underneath level, but increasing height by adjusting the orientation of We have two options of the hollowed doors on the bricks. the tower (as shown in the drawings). The first one is just simply extend the bricks, but with a brick standing up to help holding the bricks, in order to prevent the bricks at the top will fall. The second one is started with a certain height stronger foundation, and extends it carefully with more bricks holding up. It use the idea of stagger to increase the friction and hope can better support the extended bricks.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Due to the limitation of time, the tower is not actually completed (toward a fragile status). However, I still build a section to indicate the three different section of the tower, based on the changing orientation of the bricks. However, a significant changes is also made with a careful consideration of out tutor`s advice – the intersection of the second and third lever, I added an layer of lay-‐downed bricks in order to increase the contact areas of the third level of the bricks. This is detailed shown in a close-‐shot diagram.
Finally, we made both designed of the doors, and they both succeed. (But the second one didn`t been recorded in a picture) It is important for me to notice that you cannot build the door at once, but need to build it level by level in a circle. During this process, we will also adjust the bricks to better fully fit the gaps between the bricks.
Finally, we were starting to extract some blocks from the tower. As shown in the picture, a huge gap (as big as the door) has been hollowed without the tower falling down! This phenomenon was explained in the drawing, as the pressure from the upper bricks acts on the lower ones, and keep them fixed and stable, which also explained the succeed of the hollowed doors before.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 2 E-‐Learning & Studio Knowledge Map
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 2 Studio Session: Building Tower with balsa wood strips Before the studio, we have to cut the balsa wood into 20~40 long pieces. However, the more we cut, the weaker the strips. Hence, it is a difficult task for us to build a tower using these brittle wood strips. In order to make the strips stronger and be able to bear the weight, we decided to make the foundation and the basic level of the tower with two strips connecting together. With the substructure, there is a gap at each point of the combination strip. Therefore, when two if them crossover, a square will be hollowed in between, then the long strip will put into it as the first level. This increases the contact area of the column with the base, which might make it stronger and less possibility to fall down. As we haven’t built the tower yet, we can only predict the finish of it. I recon the ways of constructing do work and can be able to build up a tower. However, it might not able to reach a significant height, as the foundation might be a little bit too small for such a high tower. In addition, without the diagonal bracing, the tower might be quite fragile, hence bracing might be important to fixed the colomns.
As drew in the diagram, this is what the tower might look like after construction. The dotted line indicate the diagonal bracing which might or might not be necessary it the base is strong enough. The connecting point of each level is similar to what we have done at the foundation, which should be able to hold the structure of the tower.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 3 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 3 ~ E-‐learning
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 3 ~ E-‐learning
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 3 ~ Tutorial After finishing the quiz, we have a better understanding of the e-‐learning materials. Especially about the effect of the steel reinforcement in buildings, which can stop the walls swing due to wind loads and etc. Afterward, we took a trip around the school, to link the knowledge we`ve learned into the site, and to have deeper insight about the learning materials. On this wall, the head and Stretcher the stretch of the brick is appear at the same time, Head which indicate that the actual thickness of the wall
Fix joint Here is constructed by the mass concrete, which doesn`t have any reinforcement. By looking at the connection between the two columns, we can tell that it is fixed joint, and the building is without bracing.
Here is the reinforcement of the concrete wall. On the left diagram clearly shows how reinforce steel work in concrete. On the photo on the right, we can clearly see the reinforcement steel is exposed into the air. This is due to the damage of the concrete, when the concrete on the outside been destroyed, the steel inside will be seen. This may also due to that the steel is too close to the surface of the wall.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Then, we walked to the car park underneath the south lawn. It is a huge room, with 8 meters beams on top. The shape of the column is interesting here, which is made by concrete. I have been told that the trees are actually planted on top of these columns, which is hollowed and filled with soil. This is outside of the union house. The steel beam looks like a cantilever but doesn`t work the same job as a cantilever. The stair is not totally hang by the cantilever/cable, but also by other support components.
This part of constructing is similar to the quiz done in class, with a horizontal component siting on top of a beam/cantilever of the building. The way of load path transferring requires elaborate calculations. Here is the section under the hanging-‐out section of the New Architectural Building. The steel beams support the weight of the overhang section. They are constructed with a small angle up, so after it done, the weight will drop on the beams to finally balance as a flat flooring.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 3 ~ Reference 1. Ching, Francis D.K., Building Construction Illustrated. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011 2. ENVS 10003 W03 STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS geometry & equilibrium https://app.lms.unimelb.edu.au/bbcswebdav/courses/ENVS10003_2014_SM1/WEEK%2003/GEOMETRY%20AND%20EQUILIBRI UM.pdf 3. ENVS 10003 W03S1 STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQIa1O6fp98&feature=youtu.be 4. E.L.RANSOME Building Construction (1884) http://99percentinvisible.org/episode/episode-‐81-‐rebar-‐and-‐the-‐alvord-‐lake-‐bridge/ 5. ENVS 10003 W03_c1 FOOTINGS & FOUNDATIONS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAcuwrecIz8&feature=youtu.be 6. ENVS10003 W03_m1 INTRODUCTION TO MASS CONSTRUCTION https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Au2upE9JN8&feature=youtu.be 7. ENVS10003 W03_m2 INTRODUCTION TO MASONRY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DC8Hv8AKQ8A&feature=youtu.be 8. ENVS10004 W03_m3 BRICKS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lYlQhkMYmE&feature=youtu.be
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
9. ENVS10003 W03_m5 CONCRETE BLOCKS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geJv5wZQtRQ&feature=youtu.be 10. ENVS10003 W03_m4 STONE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Vn5_dk4RtQ&feature=youtu.be
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 4 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 4 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 4 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 4 ~ E-‐learning
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 4 ~ Lecture c
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 4 ~ Tutorial During today`s tutorial, I am able to identify the difference between: • Joist • Joist span • Bearer • Foundation wall • Cantilever • Joist spacing and the direct relationship between space and span. In addition, I got to know that the depth of beam is critical (more efficient) for loads. After that, we start to read the drawing set and try to understand the drawings. (With some on class questions bellowed) Q: List the type of information found in the title block on the floor plan page A: Consultants / Key plan / Project and client / Drawing title / Drawing numbers Q: Why might this information be important? A: To understand what is the project about, and the title for each drawings/plan, and convenience to find the page. Q: What type of information is shown in this floor plan? A: Structure in detail / level height / dimensions / the use of the room and its name / fire rating / material / structural elements / framing structure Q: Is there a grid? What system is used for identifying the grid line? A: Yes, structural grid, with columns on the grid. Q: What is the purpose of the legend? A: Refer to the plan and explain in detail Q: Why are some parts of the drawing annotated? A: Not the common elements, clearly annotated on plan, no needs in legend. Q: What type of information is shown in the elevation? How does it differ from the information shown on the plan? A: Levels and height. Through bird-‐eye view and side elevation
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 4 ~ Reference 1. ENVS10003 W04 Span and Spacing https://app.lms.unimelb.edu.au/bbcswebdav/courses/ENVS10003_2014_SM1/WEEK%2004/SPAN%20AND%20SPACING.pdf 2. ENVS 10003 W04_c1 FLOOR SYSTEMS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otKffehOWaw&feature=youtu.be 3. ENVS10003 W04_m1 CONCRETE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1M19C25MLU&feature=youtu.be 4. ENVS10003 W04 Beams and Cantilever https://app.lms.unimelb.edu.au/bbcswebdav/courses/ENVS10003_2014_SM1/WEEK%2004/BEAMS%20AND%20CANTILEVERS.p df 5. ENVS10004 W04_m2 IN SITU CONCRETE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3zW_TBGjfE&feature=youtu.be 6. ENVS10003 W04_m3 PRE CAST CONCRETE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scYY-‐MMezI0&feature=youtu.be 7. ENVS10003 W04 The Pantheon https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9aL6EJaLXFY&feature=youtu.be
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 5 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 5 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 5 ~ Lecture
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 5 ~ Tutorial
A testing is done through a timber box at the beginning of the class, with four grooves in different shape, which represent fixed joint, pin joint separately. By looking at the diagram and sketch above, we can see that with pin joint on both sides, it is quite easy to bend when giving compression forces. With fix joint, the stick is much harder to bend. However, if bracing is added on it, even with pin joint on both sides, it is really hard to bend. Consequently, we can understand the importance of bracing in terms of firming the structure and increase load bearing of the column.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 5 ~ Tutorial
Later on the class, we have been asked to bring materials to try to construct the structural element of a section of the floor plan in the drawing set (Pavilion oval). Out team is doing the kitchen part, with 2 levels. By reading information from the drawing set, we can see the basement is constructed with concrete wall, which is shear structure. Consequently The Basement is constructed as shown in the picture on the left hand side. Load path
The ground level part is a bit complicated, and we also make some mistakes in terms of how to sliding the balsa wood. The roof on this section is sloping. The shorter wall is a stud wall, which is a outer wall. Wu used this shape (indicated on the picture above) to demonstrate the steel, which is the structural element in this wall system. The taller wall include two structural columns, which is also demonstrated.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 5 ~ Workshop In the workshop, we have the opportunities to experience the workshop environment, and been introduced the safety induction for people doing construction work. After the introduction of several materials (such as saw, hammer and etc.), we have been asked to construct a member that can able to across the table (at least 1 meter span) with provided materials (2 different types of wood with different properties.) Using the saw to cut the wood on a We dropped down some board in a shape indicated above ideas, and start to work Two plywood sheets are put on top of (side view). Which borrow the on it. During the cutting the thicker harder wood, and fix them force of the table, and allow us to process, ideas changed as with nails. easier cut the wood. well.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 5 ~ Workshop
Another piece of harder wood has been cut into eight pieces to support the long structural member, and make sure it can be able to sit still on the table.
These are some designs done by other groups, which all end up with pretty good result. Except our groups are too much like a bridge, and without any support on the middle. From top to bottom, their load bearings are: 280, 330, 468, and 83 only, but with the most deflection of 103.
When a wood breaks, it always tends to break through the vein. This is refer back to the e-‐learning material about the choice and various type of timber, some have solved this issue in real-‐life constructing.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 5 ~ Reference 1. ENVS10003 W05_c1 WALLS, GRIDS AND COLUMNS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vq41q6gUIjI&feature=youtu.be 2. ENVS10003 Gehry's Own Home https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqn2bYoO8j4&feature=youtu.be 3. ENVS10003 W05_m2 Timber Properties and Considerations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ul0r9OGkA9c&feature=youtu.be 4. ENVS10003 W05_m1 From Wood to Timber https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJL0vCwM0zg&feature=youtu.be 5. ENVS10003 Short and Long Columns https://app.lms.unimelb.edu.au/bbcswebdav/courses/ENVS10003_2014_SM1/WEEK%2005/SHORT%20AND%20LONG%20COLU MNS.pdf 6. ENVS10003 W05_m3 Engineered Timber Products https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YrYOGSwtVc&feature=youtu.be 7. Francis D.K.Ching. (2008). Building Construction Illustrated (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 6 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 6 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 6 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 6 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 6 ~ Lecture
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 6 ~ Tutorial Today is the presentation of Site Visit or Workshop. Site 1 Site 2 Near University Fitzroy 2 completely different structure (but looks like one) Metal bracing outside One is concrete and steel, the other is timber frame (which is Timber bracing inside faster and cheaper) due to different budget Brick wall Frame structure, fix joint, onsite concrete Hydraulic heating pipe Timber frame, hybrid and steel column support Roof: Timber , zinc plate Solid v.s. Frame structure. Plywood bracing for too narrow frame My presentation is about the Constructing Workshop, that we start to construct a part/section of the buildings. Up the the second week, we enlarge the plan to 1:1 to detailing the information and create a shopping list for the teacher to prepare material that should used to construct this section.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 6 ~ Reference 1. ENVS10003 W06_c1 Roof Systems https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5ms8vmhs50&feature=youtu.be 2. ENVS10003 W06_m1 Introduction to Metals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RttS_wgXGbI&feature=youtu.be 3. ENVS10003 W06_m2 Ferrous Metals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQy3IyJy-‐is&feature=youtu.be 4. ENVS10003 W06_m3 Non Ferrous Metals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDtxb7Pgcrw&feature=youtu.be 5. ENVS10003 Spanning Spaces https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zx4tM-‐uSaO8&feature=youtu.be 6. Francis D.K.Ching. (2008). Building Construction Illustrated (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 7 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 7 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 7 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 7 ~ Reference 1. ENVS10003 W07_c1 Detailing for Heat and Moisture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lhwm8m5R_Co&feature=youtu.be 2. ENVS10003 W07_m1 Rubber https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPhjDijdf6I&feature=youtu.be 3. ENVS10003 W07_m2 Plastics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pfnCtUOfy4&feature=youtu.be 4. ENVS10003 W07_m3 Paints https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrydR4LA5e0&feature=youtu.be 5. Francis D.K.Ching. (2008). Building Construction Illustrated (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 8 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 8 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 8 ~ Tutorial We are going to enlarge a section of the pavilion oval building into 1:1 scale, in order to detailing and analyzing the part. To better understand the drawing, we went to visit the pavilion oval again to explore its details. My drawing cannot be able to see from the ground, but I fond a picture in e-‐learning which is just the section I am going to draw.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 8 ~ Reference 1. ENVS10003 W08_c1 OPENINGS: DOORS & WINDOWS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7QQIue58xY&feature=youtu.be 2. ENVS10003 W08_m1 GLASS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_I0Jqcrfcyk&feature=youtu.be 3. ENVS10003 W07 GLASS SKINS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NW_GibnyBZc&feature=youtu.be 4. Francis D.K.Ching. (2008). Building Construction Illustrated (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 9 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 9 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 9 ~ Tutorial ~ Site Visit This site is a hospital, already constructed six levels. Here is B1, which is the most stable floor in the building. The wall is really thick; some are approaching 1meters, to prevent from the radiation. The second picture are the roof of the radiation / machine room, some tracks has been built for the armamentarium / electric equipment moving into the room. The picture on the left is the wall with horizontal bracing.
Here is the car park, with massive transform beam carrying the floor load on top. It also has the biggest columns, and hence allow wider span between columns, so the space is bigger here to allow trucks come in for delivery, unload and loading.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 9 ~ Tutorial ~ Site Visit
This is the retaining wall/foundation wall. Due to here is the basement of the site; the pressure load of the earth behind the wall needs to be considered to prevent the wall from overturning. Hence, concrete pillar is made in situ, with reinforced concrete wall in between.
This is the construction joint, joining the vertical panel to the horizontal panel, to ensure it won`t swing, and keep stable to against wind pressure. It is quite common in the building; especially the main construct material is using concrete.
This is a waterproofing window by using aluminum frame system. On the side, it has water seal which stop water to come inside. It also slop in outside to send water away by using gravity. In any openings of the building, always push water outside the buildings, utilizing those three strategies: Remove openings, or keep water away from openings, or neutralize the forces that move water through openings
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Weiran Wu 692252
Week 9 ~ Tutorial ~ Site Visit
This is the massive steel beam on the roof. This metal sheet is a opening, now sealed with concrete.
This is the circular faith room (pray room) in the hospital. It looks like a circular stud wall with all steel members holding up the room. Due to it has been covered, not sure about the material of the wall.
BY VISITING THE SITE, WE GAIN MORE DETAILED IMAGERY OF THE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS AND CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM IN REAL-‐LIFE APPLICATION. DUE TO DIFFERENT FUNCTION OF THE BUILDING, THE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM MAYBE VARIED, BUT THE IDEAS IS STILL THE SAME, SUCH AS ALWAYS KEEPING WATER AWAY FROM THE OPENINGS, AND MASSIVE PILLAR TO RESIST EARTH PRESSURE.
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 9 ~ Reference 1. ENVS10003 W09_c1 Construction Detailing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqVwAV7yJCI&feature=youtu.be 2. ENVS10003 W09_m1 Composite Materials https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uem1_fBpjVQ&feature=youtu.be 3. Francis D.K.Ching. (2008). Building Construction Illustrated (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 10 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 10 ~ E-‐learning
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 10 ~ Tutorial Today`s tutorial is the presentation of 1:1 detail drawing.
Weiran Wu 692252
Semester 1, 2014
Constructing Environment LOGBOOK
Week 10 ~ Reference 1. ENVS10003 W10_m1 Heroes and culprits https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhdfwGNp_6g&feature=youtu.be 2 ENVS10003 W10 s1 Lateral Supports http://youtu.be/BodoWgcQapA 3. ENVS10003 W10_m2 A Tale of Corrosion https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2IqhvAeDjlg&feature=youtu.be 4. ENVS10003 W10_c1 Collapses and Failures https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNEl-‐fYRi_I&feature=youtu.be 5. Francis D.K.Ching. (2008). Building Construction Illustrated (4th Edition). John Wiley & Sons
Weiran Wu 692252