PORTFOLIO LA 581x| Fall 2015| Project 1 Wenjuan Feng
CURRENT SITUATION
CURRENT SITUATION (Sketch) Issues & Reasons
1. Broken border -Wrong arrangement of border bricks 2. Sunken paving surface -Sand base is a little bit thicker 3. Broken bricks -Poor bricks used in this area
8" Brick
Brick
CURRENT SITUATION
3.5" Brick
CURRENT SITUATION
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION (Summary) Construction issue I choose is pavement problem, which is located near Bessey Hall.
Current Situation It is a bicycle parking area, where some bricks are broken and sunken, and brick border is broken and fall down.
1. Wrong arrangement of border bricks (causes broken border); 2. Sand base is a little bit thicker (causes sunken paving surface); 3. Poor bricks used in this area (causes broken bricks).
Solution 1. This space is a bicycle parking area, where doesn't have many people flow, so it can only require light-duty load. 2. Bicycle parking adjoins planting area. It requires a well-designed border to protect paving. 3. Inappropriate depth of sand bed will cause sunken pavers. In order to solve these problems, here are some optional solutions: 1. Change border bricks arrangement; 2. Reduce depth of sand base; 3. Use bricks with high quality.
1. Pavement Type Selection: flexible unit pavement 1) Flexible unit pavement applications can service light-duty area. 2) Flexible pavements perform well in cold climates due to their ability to move uniformly with frost/thaw cycles. 2. Structure of Flexible Unit Pavement It normally "consists of dry-laid, sand swept, butt jointed concrete, brick, stone, or synthetic paving units placed on a sand setting bed and a prepared aggregate base (Time-saver Standards for Landscape Architecture, P440-6)".
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION (Summary) Based on real condition, structure of flexible unit pavement in this area consists of brick paving units, brick border, sand bed, concrete setting bed, prepared aggregate base, and prepared subgrade. 3. Solution Details of Flexible Unit Pavement Structure 1) Subgrade/Prepared Subgrade a. Slop In order to insure proper drainage, prepared subgrade should be sloped parallel to the finished pavement surface, b. Uniform Uniform subgrade moisture content will “reduce general deformation and differential swelling in clay and in frost/thaw conditions (Time-saver Standards for Landscape Architecture, P440-2)”. 2) Aggregate Base In order to protect brick border, aggregate base should extend beyond the finished pavement edge. Usually, this base is extended 6-8in (I extended 6in in the model), and wraps concrete setting bed. 3) Concrete Setting Bed It is used to hold and fix bricks, which will form brick border. And this setting bed is in aggregate base, so that it is far away from planting area’s damage. 4) Sand bed Reduce depth of sand bed to 3/4in, in order to prevent pavement sinking. 5) Brick border/ Pavement Edge Turn bricks into vertical position, and put them in concrete setting bed. This kind of arrangement can make a strong brick border. 6) Brick Paving Units Using bricks with high quality can solve broken bricks problem. For example: Engineering Bricks "Engineering bricks are bricks manufactured at extremely high temperatures, forming a dense and strong brick, allowing the brick to limit strength and water absorption." Besides, they can offer excellent load bearing capacity damp-proof characteristics and chemical resisting properties (website). These alternative solutions cannot be perfect, but, more or less, parts of it can work and settle some problem. Physical model consists of different materials, which represent each part of real paving section structure. References: Harris, Charles W., Dines, Nicholas T, and Brown, Kyle D. Time-saver Standards for Landscape Architecture: Design and Construction Data / Co-editors, Charles W. Harris, Nicholas T. Dines ; Assistant Editor, Kyle D. Brown. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998. Print. http://construction.about.com/od/Masonry/a/Bricks-Bricks-Types.htm
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION (Model - Full Scale)
1-Prepared Subgrade
4-Brick Border & Soil
2-Aggregate Base
5-Brick Paving & Sand Bed
3-Concrete Setting Bed
5- Mulch