SOUND - Spring 2019 Pepper Magazine

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P E P P E R

M A G A Z I N E A U T H O R ’ S

PEPPER MAGAZINE

ISSUE NO. 19

N A M E

( W E

W I L L

F I L L

O U T )

A PEPPER NOTE Every semester is different from the last. From the theme of the magazine to the final production, Pepper Magazine is constantly in motion. The making of each magazine will always involve new challenges to face and new ideas to celebrate.

With another year of fresh faces, a battle of the budget, and a different theme to explore, we’ve learned a lot about what it takes to sustain our legacy. From the Pepper crew to you, we hope you enjoy another issue of our mash-up of creative work.

Thank you Pepper Magazine is sponsored and funded by the Stout Student Association (SSA) as a student organization of UW-Stout.

We want to give a big thanks to Ted Bensen and the Graphic Communications practicum class that worked with us to print this issue. Thank you also to the School of Art & Design for being the home for our magazines and organization. Thank you to advisors that have supported us from afar.

And thank you for picking up this magazine. You motivate us to keep doing what we’re doing.

ISSUE NO. 19: SOUND Sound is all around us and comes in many different forms. There are good sounds, bad sounds, sounds that bring us back, and sounds that help with communication. We are used to sound being such a basic sense that we tend to forget how complex it really is. In this issue of Pepper Magazine, we’ll explore this theme on a deeper level. We’ve also included our very own Pepper Mixtape so you can listen to some of our favorite sounds out there.

contributors Everybody’s ears are like fingerprints. Each are unique in every way.

Jasmine Baker

Andrew Bogard

Josh Bokor

Gabby Damain

Bailey Farrell Social Pepper

Theresa Hang Pepper Pres

Erica Holbrook Vice/Treasure Pepper

Anna Humphrey Pre-Pepper Pres

Jessica Kastello

Tj Landwehr

Logan Myhre

Emma Ozark

Bryce Parr

Charlie Peavey Pepper Designer

Hannah Peterson

McKenzie Pizl Social Pepper

Isabel Roberts

Jackson Rudquist

Erzsi Saly

Max Scharfenberg

Table of Contents 01 05 09 13 15 17 21 23

LAUGH OUT LOUD Theresa Hang COMPOSITIONS Andrew Bogard STEREOTYPES Charlie Peavey STUCK IN A MOMENT Anna Humphrey THE SHIP MY BROTHER BUILT Logan Myhre NOISY PICTURES McKenzie Pizl WHAT’S THAT SOUND? Erica Holbrook UNTITLED Max Scharfenberg

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TELEPHONE TJ Landwehr SEASONAL DEPRESSION Josh Boker THE MEANING OF MUSIC Bryce Parr & Jackson Rudquist SELECTIVE LISTENING Jasmine Baker EASY LISTENING LANDSCAPES Gabby Damian ECHOLOCATION Hannah Peterson EVOLVE THE SOUND POKÉMON Jessica Kastello SENSORIAL DISSONANCE Emma Ozark

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AN EARFUL Erzsi Saly RESONATE Isabel Roberts RIP-OFF Bailey Farrell

H A N G T H E R E S A

Laugh Out Loud Although laughter is one of the distinguishing features of human beings, little is known about the mechanisms behind it. However, scientists have observed that most social laughter does not result from any obvious joke. It can be triggered by embarrassment and other social discomforts, or helps us bond

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with the community. These are nine different types of laughter.

H A N G

ETIQUETTE LAUGHTER

T H E R E S A

In a study of laughter episodes, a scientist found that people tend to laugh at perfectly bland statements like “Can I join you?” or “See you later.” Laughter could have been developed by our ancestors before full speech, so the sound might as well be a way to communicate and show agreement.

If you’re trying to ascend the corporate ladder, you’re not the only one laughing at the boss. We tend to laugh with anyone who can help us out, which is why a group of undergraduate students may guffaw at a professor’s bad joke, while a job applicant’s attempts at humor may fall flat with those who are already gainfully employed.

CONTAGIOUS LAUGHTER A laughter researcher found in one experiment that nearly half of his 128 undergraduate students giggled on first response to a simulated laugh. And they did this despite knowing the source to be an artificial laugh-simulator.

According to the researcher, contagious laughter raises the possibility that humans have laugh detectors. In other words, people are made to respond with laughter on hearing laughter itself, much like the mystery of spreading a yawn.

just heightens the awkwardness of the situation.

A professor of psychology at Yale University says that nervous laughter has the same general form as laughter from humor but does not think it signals amusement or happiness. “Perhaps laughter serves a self-regulation function. That is, it... may help to downregulate the nervousness. Or perhaps, laughter in combination with

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to reduce stress and calm down. However, nervous laughter usually

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During times of anxiety, we often laugh in a subconscious attempt

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NERVOUS LAUGHTER

nervousness suggests to other people around the person that they

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too should help down-regulate that nervousness.”

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PIGEON LAUGHTER Pigeon laughter, which is often practiced in laughter therapy or laughter yoga, involves laughing without opening your mouth.

By keeping your lips sealed, the laughter produces a humming sound, much like the noises a pigeon makes.

It’s also been compared to the humming of bees.

BELLY LAUGHTER Belly laughter is considered the most honest type of laughter. It may also be the hardest type to experience, because we have to find something truly hilarious before we’ll let go with the kind of laughter that has us clutching our bellies and gasping for air.

It’s good to take note of what tickles your funny bone, however, because it just might save your life. In the 1979 book, “Anatomy of an Illness,” Norman Cousins writes of how he used laughter to fight an illness that doctors told him was near incurable.

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SNORTING LAUGHTER When you aren’t actively trying to practice the art of silent laughter, odds are some kind of sound will occur when something strikes your funny bone. Most laughter is, after all, a string of vocal ha-has or ho-hos. If you laugh through your nose, you’re a snorter.

If this is your kind of laughter, you’re either blowing air out or sucking it in through the nose when you laugh.

You may want to drink in sips for those times when your friends try to catch you off guard with a new joke.

Silent laughter is a skill that many of us have perfected so that we can look at funny videos and memes during class. Mindfully practicing silent laughter can have real benefits, because it involves the same type of deep breathing that comes with belly laughter.

H A N G T H E R E S A

SILENT LAUGHTER

One woman who works as a clown in a children’s hospital explained to Canadian Living that teaching sick kids the art of silent laughter enabled them to go back to sleep after waking up from a bad dream.

The children got the calming benefits of the rhythmic exhalations without waking up any roommates.

CANNED LAUGHTER Canned laughter is another term for what’s commonly referred to as the “laugh track.” Canned laughter is real laughter—it just happens to be laughter taken completely out of one context and placed in another.

Because of laughter’s social connection, television producers understand that placing canned laughter over the soundtrack to programming increases the chance of an audience finding humor in the material—or at least laughing in response to it.

something humorous. Laughter is a sure cure for stress.

Stress builds tension in the human body, and that tension has to go somewhere. Usually it’s the muscles. So what

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Stress is one of the most important reasons to find

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STRESS-RELIEVING LAUGHTER

encompass many forms, but it’s usually found in an outburst—much like belly laughing.

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considered a good laugh? Stress-relieving laughter can

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to do? Yes, you could get a massage, but have you ever

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CO MP O S I T IO N X8

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F R O M A GRE AT W IDE S OM E W HE RE

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cresc.

dim.

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F R O M THE ARM S OF A TE M PE S T

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P E A V E Y C H A R L I E

STEREOtypes What would a genre of music look like if it was a person?

I asked 73 people that question. Here are some of the results:

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classical

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edm

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C H A R L I E

P E A V E Y

metal

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country

C H A R L I E

P E A V E Y

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C H A R L I E

punk

jazz P E A V E Y

H U M P H R E Y

s

A R I Z

A

N

Aw

ay”

A N N A

“Ocean

“African

O

Stuck in a moment A collection of songs that always make me think of a very specific moment in time. Feel right side of the page.

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or

Soup

free to draw your own music memory on the

“ Ac

ross the U n i v e r The Beatles l l”

Hi

n

he n t era o e le st S h

“Ca Ed

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e”

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“

8 19 Bow

Sky Blue” Jul uka

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Draw your own memory

Why does Music Evoke Memory?

Everyone has those songs. The songs

of my car. We must have played that song

that the second they start playing we

about 100 times that day and now its

feel like we’re transported back to a

forever ingrained in my mind.

met your significant other. For me, one

our autobiographical memory is extremely

song that always, no matter what, brings

close to the part of our brain in charge

me back to a specific moment in time is

of music and emotions. When our brain

“Across the Universe� by the Beatles. The

is listening to music and also trying to

day before one of my friends left to go

record memory, the signals get confused

home to Germany we spent the whole day

and often become tethered together. This

hunting down these weird bird statues in

bond can be so strong sometimes that

our city and taking pictures of each one.

scientists found that listening to certain

That day we played the entire Beatles Let

songs can actually help someone suffering

it Be album on repeat from the speakers

from amnesia recover lost memories.

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the part of our brain thats connected to

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But why does this happen? Well, in short,

that played on the radio when you first

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parents always sang to you, or that song

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moment in time. Maybe it was a song your

M Y H R E L O G A N

The Ship My Brother Built My mom always joked that my brother Freddy and

he would learn the piano. I have distinct memories

I speak a different language. Freddy is 5 years my

of my brother, probably around 10-years-old,

senior and I’ve never understood a word he’s said.

sitting at the grand piano in our childhood home

He’s the type of guy that will try to convince you

and crying while my father continued his lessons

that he is going to do something, give you the nitty

as if Freddy was an eager participant. I still don’t

gritty details of how he’s going to do it, and then

know why this was the only thing that my father

sucker you out of your lunch money. Usually this

forced onto Freddy. When I asked him years after

lunch money was mine and usually he used it to

Freddy left he said it was to teach him discipline

buy black tar heroin.

and self-control, but I didn’t buy it.

So, imagine my surprise when, after almost 8

I, on the other hand, was my father’s pride and joy.

years of not speaking to or even laying eyes on

In his eyes, I was his only son and he was grooming

Freddy, I received a hand-written invitation in the

me to become the next Vonnegut or Hemingway.

mail to a concert he was apparently involved in. I

Being the prodigal son isn’t as glamorous as

will admit, my first thought was he was trying to

Freddy seemed to think it was though, so I suppose

squeeze some cash out of me. I looked over the

the acrimony between us was destined from the

invitation for some sign of scam, but really all it

very beginning of my life. I graduated and went

said was the address of some bar named The Tonic

to Stanford and studied, you guessed it, English

and a time–the following Friday night. After a quick

literature, while my brother never finished high

google, I found that The Tonic, located in a suburb

school and went who knows where. All of this

of Chicago, was a real piano bar and was just an

really came back to me as I drove to this bar and

hour drive from my house in Pleasant Prairie,

I tried to imagine what I would do or say when I

Wisconsin. On a whim, I decided to attend.

saw my brother. I didn’t know if he was still using.

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I didn’t know if I would recognize his face when I honestly didn’t even realize that my brother still

I saw him. I honestly don’t think I ever really

played the piano. The only association I had of him

recognized Freddy, at least not the one my mom

and the instrument was his absolute hatred for

used to describe to me. The Freddy that existed

it and our father, or well, my father. Freddy was

before my mother married my father, the Freddy

actually a precursor to my father and mother’s

that existed even after that, before he started using

relationship, which explained my father’s general

heroin and stole all of my saved allowance out

apathy towards him. I recall Freddy at 17 years old

of the secret spot I had showed him just a few

packing his things and storming out the front door,

years earlier.

all while my father sipped his coffee and prepped for his day as a professor of English literature at

I pulled into The Tonic’s parking lot and sat in my

The University of Chicago. Freddy was gone for

car for probably 20 minutes wondering if I could

2 weeks before he came back, out of money and

overcome the anxiety that had me strapped to

coming down from what I later was told was the

the leather seats of my BMW. I didn’t want to fall

start of his relationship with heroin. Around 1 year

back into the white water rafting that used to be

later, he left for good. I was only 13-years-old.

my relationship with Freddy. I couldn’t take the constant fear that I would get a call saying he

There was one thing that my father expected of

had OD’d and died out on the streets alone. I had

Freddy from an early age though, and that was that

managed after all these years to detach myself

I came. But I missed my brother. I missed his

it. Maybe it wasn’t something for me or for the rest

quips and the times when he taught me to shoot a

of the audience, but just for Freddy.

basketball or to talk with the girls in my grade. The thing that actually pushed me out of the car was

His first song faded out and he played another,

the realization that the show was about to start.

then another. He was playing urgently, like he had

I paced quickly across the lot and showed my ID

to get the notes from his head out to the audience

to the bouncer outside, paid the $5 cover fee, and

before he forgot them forever. I realized that my

found a seat inside.

brother was telling us his story. His songs told a

M Y H R E

was a bridge and Freddy was inviting me to cross

L O G A N

from those feelings and I wasn’t even sure why

journey of neglect, then of rebellion, then selfThe bar was unspectacular in every way. I would

hatred and a journey to the very bottom. There was

try to describe it but if you imagine a bar then

so much I wanted to know about him. There were

you’ve basically hit the mark. An expensive looking

clearly tales being told that I hadn’t heard before. I

grand piano sat at the front of the bar on a stage

hadn’t seen Freddy in 8 years and it was clear that

raised around three feet above the floor. While I

there was very little he had in common with the

was ordering a drink, a man came out on stage

young man that fled our home.

and sat at the piano, not really acknowledging the crowd. I’ll admit that it took me longer than it

The last song sounded similarly to the first but

should’ve to realize this man was Freddy.

came back more confident and more complete, and as the story goes, so did Freddy. I began

He looked so much different than the last time

to weep. Not for the song, but for my brother.

I’d seen him. The thing that struck me is that he

Freddy looked stoic on stage. These were songs

didn’t look as old as I thought he would. I imagined

he had practiced and played a thousand times,

Freddy would be haggard, his body destroyed from

but I could tell that he was giving it his all. I could

the poison he had long injected into it. But he still

see sweat forming on his forehead as his hands

looked as rebelliously youthful as I remembered

dashed over the keys. His body swayed with the

him. Freddy appeared to have gathered his

music. He looked free, like every quick note was a

thoughts and finally looked around the venue. His

sledgehammer to a brick wall in Freddy’s way and

eyes met mine and he stared for a few seconds. He

every release of the piano’s sustaining pedal was

looked back at the piano, took a deep breath, and

him letting go of some tragedy from his life.

began playing.

mom for marrying my father, the apathy from my

every inch of The Tonic. It was a solemn tune, but

father that ruined Freddy. I deeply regretted so

not in the modest way that some solemn tunes

desperately wanting that apathy. When Freddy hit

are presented. It was imposing. He demanded

the last note of the last song, he looked up and

attention and everyone in the room was giving it to

we made eye contact again. He smiled. I wiped my

him. After just a few measures I began to feel my

eyes, stood up, and applauded.

stomach crawling upwards to my throat. Freddy was owning a tool that had been crammed down his throat as a child. I was actually thankful to my father in that moment. This was the only thing he ever gave Freddy, and even though Freddy didn’t want it, he was using it now as a way to express something he would otherwise find inexpressible.

Freddy had taken back that tool and we were on

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presence fill the room. He and his song was filling

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first time. I heard the betrayal Freddy felt from

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I felt like I was finally hearing my brother for the As soon as Freddy struck the first note, I felt his

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the ship he built board by board with it. Maybe it

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P I Z L

Noisy pictures

My favorite kind of sound.

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M C K E N Z I E

P I Z L

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M A G A Z I N E M C K E N Z I E

P I Z L

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P I Z L

H O L B R O O K E R I C A

What’s that sound?

Have you ever wondered why a sudden loud or irritating noise instantly makes you angry once you hear it? That’s because when we hear unpleasant sounds, there are two areas of the brain that interact to produce a negative response. Those two areas are the auditory cortex of the brain and the amygdala.

The first area, the auditory cortex, is what allows your brain to register a sound. The second area, the amygdala, processes emotions like fear and anger. When the unpleasant sound is occurring, we have a heightened perception of the sound, which ultimately results in negative associations with the sound.

Here you will see the top 10 most hated sounds that were recorded by a group of UK and German neuroscientists, who published their study in the Journal of Neuroscience. They tested over 74 various sounds and asked the participants to

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rate the noises they found the most unpleasant.

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H O L B R O O K

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H A T ED

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S O U NDS

1. Knife on a bottle

2. Fork on a glass

3. Chalk on a blackboard

4. Ruler on a bottle 5. Nails on a blackboard

6. Female scream

7. Angle grinder

10. Electric drill

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9. Baby crying

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8. Squeaking brakes

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M A G A Z I N E M A X

S C H A R F E N B E R G

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M A X

S C H A R F E N B E R G

L A N D W E H R

T E L E P H O N E

the starting phrase whispered around circle, it I asked mywas drawing class to play athe game of telephone.

As T J

changed meaning based on what was heard and misheard.

“Even when it’s super snowy, “Even when it’s pepper super peoplesnowy, keep the heat” pepper people keep the heat”

“Even when it’s snowing, evenwhen it’s “Even pepper snowing, people even keep thepepper heat” people

M A G A Z I N E

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keep the heat”

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T E L E P H O N E

M A G A Z I N E

I asked my drawing class to play a game of telephone. As

changed meaning based on what heard and misheard. the starting phrase was was whispered around the circle, it

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T eT le el pe hp oh no en e

“Even when it’s snowing, pepper “Even when it’s people get the heat” snowing, pepper people get the heat”

“If and even when it’s snowing, even pepper people keep their peep”

T J L A N D W E H R T J L A N D W E H R

“Even if and when it’s snowing, the pepper people keep their peep”

“Even if the table is nine the people people will weep”

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“Even though the table is a people still moving”

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“Even though the table is nine people moving moving”

STAY

T U NED

WI T H

T U NES

B O K O R J O S H

Seasonal Depression Seasonal Depression is an album about the complicated emotions I have with the changing of the seasons and climate change. The constant dread and fear of the rising temperatures and melting icecaps have been on my mind constantly. But, this cold depression is blurred with pictures of summery landscapes, carefree love, a calm breeze. A perfect combination of a crew neck sweatshirt and shorts.

This combination of both cold and warm felt unique to me. It felt urgent to me. I needed to write down my thoughts on how fixations of warm can altar one’s present life. It can make things easier to digest, even though it isn’t the real world. We are constantly focused on escapism even when we aren’t thinking it. The real world has real problems, especially climate change. For god’s sake, we need to act on fully realizing how our actions are physically impacting the environment.

Not only is this record about the mishaps our world is in, it’s about the cluttered memories and the longingness for love, comfort, and the willingness to change. It’s about the thoughts that keep you up at night.

It’s about the walk in the cloudy snow in the daytime, the walk on a seaside path at night. It’s about the seasonal imperfections that make us who we are.

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Josh Bokor: vocals, piano, vocoder, guitar, bass on 1-12 Sasami Ashworth: vocals, guitar on 1 Leslie Feist: vocals, piano on 3 Ezra Koenig: vocals on 5 Robin Pecknold: vocals, guitar, additional arrangements on 8 David Longstreth: vocals, production on 12 Chris Tomson: percussion on 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12 Written by Josh Bokor Co-written by Kyleah Rusch Design and Layout by Josh Bokor Art Direction by Josh Bokor Recorded at Marion’s Legacy, Menomonie, WI, December 2018 - February 2019 Produced and Mixed by Josh Bokor and David Longstreth Mastered by Jonathan Rado at The French Pressed Mastery Courtesy of Josh’s Record Label in Brooklyn, NY Thank You.

B O K O R J O S H

“Bokor has the self awareness of a potato.”

- Stereogum

“As bland and formulaic as an indie rock album gets.”

- Pitchfork

“I am depressed that this album exists.”

- Paste

“Mind numbingly redundant.”

- Pepper Magazine

“Listening to this will not stop climate change.”

- Green Climate Fund

“At least it’s better than Imagine Dragons.”

- New York Post

“Its themes are urgent, but its lyrics aren’t.”

- Brooklyn Vegan

“4/5... is a fraction.”

- Rolling Stone

“I just don’t get it.”

“Why, though?”

“A disgrace.”

- NPR

- The New York Times

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- The Guardian

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- Anthony Fantano

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“No.”

“It’s an album with music on it.”

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- NME

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B O K O R

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J O S H

B O K O R

P A R R B R Y C E

THE MEANING OF MUSIC Photos by Jackson Rudquist

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I can’t speak for everybody’s subjective musical experience, but I can say this: My life without music would be madness.

Music is unique. It is an artistic expression conveyed entirely through sound. Words or not, there’s emotion in every note, chord, and melody.

Culturally, music accompanies almost every facet of life. We use it in faith and worship. We use it to get excited. We use it seriously, and we use it with humor. Shit, some cultures even use it as a timer when preparing medicines and foods. Everyone experiences music, but everyone assigns it a different meaning.

Music offered me a refuge from the somber difficulties of life. In high school, I wandered the halls with a pair of worn red and black headphones held together by a thin band of electrical tape. During work

time, during lunch, or during study hall, I would drown out the mundane public-school nonsense with whatever angsty overdriven tunes I was into that week. I would daydream of being on stage; strapped into a sunburst Les Paul electric guitar to share something I created. My guitar skills did improve, and I soon found myself playing bass with Dissonant Mind. Collaborating to create something uniquely ours was humbling. We disagreed sometimes.

We would argue and debate, but that only served to mold us and teach us more.

Music shares comparisons with reality. Sometimes it can be absurd and appear to have no meaning.

Other times it can be structured and move an individual to tears. I’ve gained an appreciation for other genres on my own musical journey.

Especially in the Menomonie music community. I grew up a punk. I spent

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my nights partying in Eau Claire, attending house shows, sneaking into bars for rock shows, and passing out on the couches of many strangers’ homes. Almost every person I spent time with was either a musician or involved in the art scene.

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It wasn’t until I attended UW-Stout that I was exposed to other scenes: academics, jazz musicians, rappers, DJs, Greeks, geeks, and freaks like me. Everyone has an identity they latch onto and with it comes a distinct sound.

I found myself spending time with the poets and folk players at the Raw Deal, with the electronic composers orbiting The Abbey, and of course, in the sweaty

basements of the punks and psych rockers.

My edges have smoothed out. It took me a while to truly realize everybody gets something of their own from the sounds they are drawn to. Whether they like to jump around and sing with their friends, share their experiences over a comfortable acoustic harmony, or take a split from reality on some enlightening substance in a basement to the dissonant tunes of an angsty group of ampheads, everyone finds their own meaning in the sound.

Trying to define the meaning of music is reductive. It simply can’t be done.

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Photos by Nik Zanter

B R Y C E

P A R R

B A K E R J A S M I N E

selective listening Are you insane like me? Been in pain like me?

Bought a hundred dollar bottle of champagne like me?

Just to pour that motherfucker down the drain like me?

Would you use your water bill to dry the stain like me?

Are you high enough without the Mary Jane like me?

Do you tear yourself apart to entertain like me?

Do the people whisper ‘bout you on the train like me?

Saying that “you shouldn’t waste your pretty face” like me?

And all the people say “You can’t wake up, this is not a dream You’re part of a machine, you are not a human being With your face all made up, living on a screen Low on self-esteem, so you run on gasoline” (Oh, ooh oh, ooh oh, oh) I think there’s a flaw in my code (Oh, ooh oh, ooh oh, oh) These voices won’t leave me alone

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Well my heart is gold and my hands are cold Are you deranged like me? Are you strange like me?

Lighting matches just to swallow up the flame like me?

Do you call yourself a fucking hurricane like me?

Pointing fingers cause you’ll never take the blame like m

B A K E R

And you’re never coming ‘round (Turn around) Every now and then I get a little bit tired

J A S M I N E

(Turn around) Every now and then I get a little bit lonely

Of listening to the sound of my tears (Turn around) Every now and then I get a little bit nervous That the best of all the years have gone by (Turn around) Every now and then I get a little bit terrified And then I see the look in your eyes (Turn around, bright eyes!) Every now and then I falls apart (Turn around, bright eyes!) Every now and then I fall apart (Turn around) Every now and then I get a little bit restless And I dream of something wild (Turn around) Every now and being then I get a little bit helpless And I’m lying like a child in your arms Turn around Every now and then I get a little bit angry And I know I’ve got to get out and cry (Turn around) Every now and then I get a little bit terrified But then I see the look in your eyes (Turn around, bright eyes!) Every now and then I falls apart Turn around, bright eyes!) Every now and then I fall apart And I need you now tonight And I need you more than ever And if you only hold me tight We’ll be holding on forever And we’ll only be making it right

We’re living in a powder keg and giving off sparks But I really need you tonight Forever’s going to start tonight know Forever’s going to start tonight you

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I don’t know what to do and I’m always in the dark

I S S U E

This love is like a shadow on me all of the time

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Together we can take it to the end of the line

S O U N D

Cause we’ll never me wrong

D A M I A N G A B B Y

Easy listening landscapes Concept art can be inspired by many things! Listening to music is a great way to set the tone when designing an environment.

CLAS S I CAL Claude Debussy “Clair de Lune”

R &B /

SOU L

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M A G A Z I N E

Khalid “Coaster”

Lana Del Rey “Million Dollar Man”

D A M I A N

POP/ALTER N A T I VE

G A B B Y

IN D IE

CO UNTRY

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I S S U E

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S O U N D

Kacey Musgraves “Slow Burn”

P E T E R S O N H A N N A H

Echolocation, also known as bio sonar, is used by

bats. Echolocation is an auditory imaging system based

certain animals to survey their surroundings. The main

upon the neural anatomy of auditory brain circuitry.

animals with this ability are bats and dolphins. They use

Echolocation is particularly useful in navigation and

echolocation by emitting high-frequency sound waves

hunting. It gives the creatures the ability to gather

and listening for echoes as the sound waves reflect off

information about the objects and prey around them,

nearby objects. Scientists aren’t certain where exactly

including range and configuration. Ranging can be done

the sound comes from, but it is extremely sensitive.

by measuring the time delay between the animal’s sound

The term was coined by Donald Griffin, an American

and the echo. The animals can use time and loudness

zoologist who was able to demonstrate its existence in

differences to perceive distance and direction.

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E CH O L O C A T I O N

I N

D O L PH IN S

Dolphins, which are part of the odontocete group, are

it is likely that sound is produced by air movement

one of the most common echo locating creatures.

through the complex tissues of the nasal passage.

Echolocation is especially useful for them because

Bottlenose dolphins have the ability to produce clicks

sound waves travel in water about 4.5 times faster than

and whistles simultaneously. Dolphins primarily use

through the air. Echolocation allows for navigation,

higher frequency clicks ranging from 40-150 kHz, which

communication, avoiding predators, and hunting at

are most effective in ranges of 5-200 m for targets of

great depths where there is little light. River dolphins

5-15 cm in length. For example, dolphins can distinguish

may even use it in place of sight. Dolphins will bounce

between objects about the size of a kernel of corn at

high pitched clicking sounds off underwater objects

50 feet away. Echolocation gives dolphins the ability to

and the receiving echoes then pass through special

determine size, shape, speed, distance, direction, and

sound conducting tissue in the lower jawbone to the

even some internal structure of objects. It allows them

inner ear then to the brain through the auditory nerve.

to differentiate fish species, and bottlenose dolphins can

Because dolphins don’t have vocal chords in the larynx,

learn and recognize echo signatures by preferred prey.

when hunting at night. It allows them to occupy areas where there are many insects, less competition for food, and fewer species preying on them. Bats use ultrasound via the larynx and emit the sound through open mouth or sometimes the nose, which ranges in frequency from 11kHz-212kHz, beyond the range of human hearing.

P E T E R S O N

Many species of bats rely on hearing and echolocation

H A N N A H

ECH O L O CATI O N I N BATS

Individual species echolocate within specific frequency ranges to suit their environment and prey types, and there are two different types of frequency structures: frequency modulated (FM) sweeps and constant frequency (CF) tones. They may estimate elevation of targets by interpreting interference patterns caused by echoes reflecting from the tragus. Bats often use echolocation in conjunction with vision and can emit sound at a rate of 200 pulses per hour.

USE

B Y

O T HER

SPECI ES

In addition to bats and dolphins, there are some other species which use forms of echolocation. Other whales and porpoises are a big one who use the same form as dolphins. Oilbirds and some swiftlet species use it by emitting calls while flying to navigate through caves and trees. Shrews and tenrec including the wandering shrew, the common shrew, and the short-tailed shrew use low amplitude, broadband, multi-harmonic, and frequency modulated methods rather than echolocation clicks with reverberations. They use ultrasonic squeaks and tongue clicks mainly to investigate habitat rather than to pinpoint food. There is evidence that blinded lab rats use echolocation to navigate mazes. The hedgehog is also a possible candidate because of its ability to

humans have developed the ability to some degree.

S O UR CES https://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/cetaceans/cetaceaechol.php

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they can actually echolocate. Additionally, some blind

S O U N D

produce ultrasonic whistles, though it is uncertain if

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_echolocation https://animals.howstuffworks.com/mammals/bat2.htm https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/mammals/what-is-echolocation/

I S S U E

https://seaworld.org/animals/all-about/bottlenose-dolphin/communication/

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http://www2.hawaii.edu/~zinner/101/students/YvetteEcholocation/echolocation.html

K A S T E L L O J E S S I C A

EVOLVe the sound pokémon

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M A G A Z I N E

Begin Encounter

Gotcha!

whismur THE

WHISPER

POKÉMON

Normally, Whismur’s voice is very quiet—it is barely audible even if one is paying close attention.

However, if this Pokémon senses danger, it starts crying at an earsplitting scream.

T HE

BIG

VOICE

POK ÉMON

K A S T E L L O

Loudred

J E S S I C A

Evolve Whismur!

Loudred’s bellowing can completely decimate a wood-frame house.

It uses its voice to punish its foes.

This Pokémon’s round ears serve as loudspeakers.

Registered to Pokédex!

Evolve Loudred!

POK ÉMON

Exploud triggers earthquakes with the tremors it creates by bellowing. If this Pokémon violently inhales from the pores on its body, it’s a sign that it is preparing to let loose a huge bellow.

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NO IS E

I S S U E

L O UD

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T H E

S O U N D

exploud

O Z A R K E M M A

my great title This is the format for body text. Add a description to your piece if it needs an introduction or quick explanation.

Do not change font size or leading unless your design/ work needs it. Feel free to move around text to best suit your spread and delete the extra images and text used to create this template.

S O U ND

&

M E

This is just an example of font style usage in a written piece. We recommend tracking out your titles, headers, or other text that could use it. Happy writing. Lorem

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ipsum dolor amet salvia kombucha cold-pressed, aesthetic wolf typewriter tousled subway tile echo park fashion axe migas pabst. Poutine butcher street art, forage raw denim air plant man bun pitchfork health goth organic authentic microdosing. Godard meggings skateboard, vegan twee sartorial semiotics activated charcoal. Semiotics chillwave fashion axe bicycle rights, vice mixtape put a bird on it. Bitters venmo intelligentsia authentic skateboard keytar. Tousled messenger bag coloring book before they sold out, hashtag vaporware twee master cleanse lomo taxidermy flexitarian.

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I S S U E

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S O U N D

E M M A

O Z A R K

S A L Y E R Z S I

AN EARful

I N TRO D UCTI ON I’m here to talk about ears, the delicate cartilage lumps attached to your head. They are unique and offer us a lot in terms of balance, displaying personality and for some, hearing.

But they are easy to overlook and forget about, to think about as unimportant mounds of flesh. There are so many products and markets for skin care, hair care, hand care, foot care and eye care, but not a lot about ear or hearing care. It’s time to dive a little deeper into how our ears work and how to protect them.

We pop into the world at birth with fully formed ears that hardly change after age 101. As we grow older the lobes sometimes expand slightly and sag with age and gravity at a rate of about 1.22 mm per year. Our ears stay with us throughout your life as we grow into them and ourselves. Your ears are about as unique as your finger prints and can even be used to identify you given the proper technology2. While our fingers have whorls and loops, our ear ridges and shape differentiate us. They are thought to be some of the most robust features on our head since they change externally very little without outside influence such as injuries and embellishments. But internally, damage can remain unseen and unthought of until it is irreversible.

Ears come in a lot of different shapes1 like round, square, narrow, pointed with different combinations of lobes that can be attached, free or broad. Our ear placement and how far they stick out are all genetically based markers that is unique to everyone. Ears can have a lot of meaning culturally and personally too through piercings and other modifications. Your ears can make up a large part of who you are, how you express

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P E P P E R

M A G A Z I N E

yourself to the world and how others see you.

ANATOMY The ear itself is divided into three parts: the outer, middle and inner3. They each have different functions that help with both hearing and maintaining balance. The outer ear consists of the pinna (the part of the ear you can see) and ear canal. They gather sound and direct it towards the middle of the ear and the ear canal has glands that produces ear wax to help keep the ear clean and fight infection. The Middle ear consists of the ear drum, and three bones called the malleus, incus and stapes. The middle ear turns sound waves into vibrations by

E R Z S I

Pinna

S A L Y

Auditory Nerve Cochlea

Ear Canal

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

Ear Drum

Vestibular Nerve Semicircular canals

hitting the ear drum and causing it to move. This in turn causes the small bones to also vibrate, delivering them to the inner ear. The inner ear consists of the cochlea and semicircular canals. The inner ear takes the vibrations from the middle ear and turns them into nerve pulses that are translated in your brain as sound through the cochlea via the auditory nerve. The semicircular canals help with balance using fluid and tiny hairs that adjust with your movement. Signals from the hairs when in contact with the fluid is sent to the brain via the vestibular nerve which helps us balance.

D AM A G E Hearing damage and loss can occur in our day to day lives. It is caused from exposure to harmful sounds either due to their decibel level and/or the length of exposure5. For example, an impulse sound like an explosion can be just as harmful as a loud sound such as machinery when exposed to it for an extended period. Sound loudness or intensity is measured in decibels. Below is a visual guide to common sounds and their average decibel level. As a rule of thumb, sounds less than 75 decibels, even with long exposure times, will generally not cause hearing loss5. Anything above that, especially with repeated exposure will likely lead to irreversible hearing damage and loss. Noises above 140 dB can cause damage with just one exposure6.

As you damage your hearing, it causes irreparable damage as the tiny hairs in your ears die off. This means that protecting your hearing is important as you can never get back what you have lost. There are several ways to guard your hearing. The easiest ways are to be alert about what can be hazardous noise, wear hearing protection when around them, lower your music volume to no more than half the volume, buy appliances with quieter operating levels if you can, and move away from loud noises when you can.

Balloon Popping -157 dB

SO URCES [1] https://www.cnn.com/2015/12/04/health/unique-body-parts/index.html [2] https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/06/15/amazon-patent-phone-unlocking-system-that-uses-ears_n_7585216.html [3] https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/ears.html [4] https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/noise-induced-hearing-loss [5] http://chchearing.org/noise/common-environmental-noise-levels/ [6] https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/loud-noise-dangers/

S O U N D

Shouting - 120 dB

Rocket Launch-180 dB

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Conversation - 60 dB

Airplane-140 dB

I S S U E

Power Tools -110 dB

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Whisper - 30 dB

R O B E R T S I S A B E L

Resonate To resonate is to make, hear or understand a deep full sound. Often times things resonate with people because they experienced some kind of emotional reaction. For this piece I created a survey asking people to share something they’ve been told that resonated with them.

The responses ranged from advice, to short phrases, and personal stories. All survey responses were anonymous.

You’re annoying

I was once told by the man I was in love with, that I wasnt the marrying type.

It is what it is

I have been told that I have contagious enthusiasm

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M A G A Z I N E

Your food is amazing you should be a Chef!

Would you rather be right or would you rather be happy?

You have two ears and one mouth.

Listen twice as much as you talk.

R O B E R T S I S A B E L

My old boss once told me "You're a raging bitch when you are mad"

Suck it up buttercup

My dad told me as a young girl, you can do anything a guy can do!

Time waits for no one

Don’t make excuses.

Own your mistake .

Join the army they said. See the world they said! I'd rather be sailing

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Never forget how valuable you are, even when others around you don’t remember

50

You never get a second chance to make a first impression.

S O U N D

My best friend said that I should be happy for him even though he’s dating my abuser

Rip-off

F A R R E L L B A I L E Y

sweetener

ALBUM: SWEETENER ARTIST: ARIANA GRANDE MODEL: SAMANTHA SCHELLER To recreate this album you will need:

Friend or stranger

Light pink spaghetti strap

Scrunchie (gray or black preferred)

A really talented makeup artist

Camera

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P E P P E R

M A G A Z I N E

Tripod (recommended but not required)

What to do:

1.

Have your model stand upside down—just kidding have them stand against a

blank wall.

Have your model’s boyfriend coach them through the photo, after all you’re just

2.

the photographer.

That’s about it.

3.

(0ptional)

4.

Slap on Bodoni on the bottom to fully feel the effect.

F A R R E L L B A I L E Y

ALBUM: WEEZER (WHITE ALBUM) ARTIST: WEEZER MODELS: ME, DEVIN LEARY, NICK HALBACH, BRYCE FISTLER To recreate this album you will need:

Three friends (recommended)

Car or mode of transportation

Approximately. 60 hours spare time

Camera with self timer

Tripod (recommended but not required)

Monica beach.

2.

Pay really expensive parking to park on beach.

3.

Find a random lifeguard shack.

4.

Make your friends (or strangers) stand completely still against the shack.

5.

Set up camera on sand because you forgot your tripod on your stupid list.

6.

Set a self timer for 10 seconds and run like your life depends on it.

7.

Retake the photo 15 times until you finally sort of recreated the cover.

(Optional)

8.

Make the photo black and white.

9.

Find Weezer’s font and slap it in the sky.

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Force three of your friends (or strangers) to endure a 29 hour car ride to Santa

I S S U E

1.

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S O U N D

What to do:

Thanks for reading!

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