Capturing the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley One of Britain’s protected landscapes
Enter the tower New view of a famous landmark
Farm the past Memories of a vanishing world
Walk with Offa Making the most of an epic trail
Special issue How to stay green in the AONB
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www.clwydianrangeanddeevalleyaonb.org.uk
Welcome Written in stone page 4
Swords and stories page 6
The Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty is a very special place. But it’s not a museum. It’s a living, working landscape – and many of our businesses depend on agriculture and tourism. But it has to be sustainable. That means it shouldn’t diminish the special qualities of the AONB or detract from the lives of those who live and work here. In this issue, we look at some of the ways we’re trying to make sustainable tourism work in the real world. We’re harnessing everything from the power of steam to the very latest augmented reality technology.
The way we were page 8
See you in cyberspace page 10
Following in Offa’s footsteps page 12
Tread lightly on the land page 14
We were only the 10th location in the whole of Britain to achieve the Europarc Charter for Sustainable Tourism in Protected Landscapes. This in turn inspired the Green Tourism project funded by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development. It’s all about encouraging more people to visit, providing reasons why they should stay longer and helping to make the AONB a year-round destination. At the same time we’re encouraging visitors to behave sustainably – in getting to know the area by using public transport, eating local produce and following the countryside code. Balancing the needs of all those who live, work and play in the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley isn’t easy. We need the help of everyone who has a stake in its future. This will be a crucial year. By 2014 we need to write a new five-year management plan for the whole of the AONB including the Dee Valley extension. It will set out what makes the landscape special and what we can do to keep it that way. Look out for a consultation event near you – or check out the website shown above and on every other article in the magazine. We’re also looking for people with knowledge, enthusiasm and empathy with this wonderful landscape to join the AONB Partnership. That way you won’t just get the chance to influence our plan, you’ll help to write it. AONB Officer Howard Sutcliffe can tell you more on 01352 810614. Carolyn Thomas Chair of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley AONB
Reasons to get messy page 16
Cover shot Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal World Heritage Site
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Clwydian Range and Dee Valley AONB
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www.clwydianrangeanddeevalleyaonb.org.uk
Written in stone Tourists have long visited the Jubilee Tower
Our buildings are not just beautiful to look at – they tell a story. This year in the AONB you can see a dramatic new side to a famous landmark and an 18th century water mill brought back to life.
Visitors will be able to relive the glory days of two famous historic buildings of the Clwydian Range during 2013. The Jubilee Tower on top of Moel Famau is the area’s most iconic silhouette. But the ruin we see today is a shadow of the commanding structure that was built to celebrate the golden jubilee of “mad” King George III in 1810. The great stone obelisk designed by Thomas Harrison added a stupendous 26 metres to a 554-metre summit that was already the highest point in the entire Clwydian Range. Unfortunately corners had been cut during construction – and this was no place for shoddy workmanship. The tower was showing signs of strain as early as 1856 and it collapsed dramatically after a fierce gale in 1862.
It was allowed to crumble for another century until in 1970 the stonework was consolidated. Rubble was piled up in the corners and grassed over, which made the tower seem shorter still, and steep stone steps and a ramp were put in. Nothing has happened since. The 200,000 visitors every year to Moel Famau Country Park have got used to seeing the stillimpressive stump that remains. But 2013 will offer the first new perspective of the Jubilee Tower for more than 40 years. In the north-western corner one of the massive stone bastions that supported the obelisk will be cleared of soil and rubble – and restored almost to its full height. A new staircase will lead walkers up through the hollow bastion into the centre of the tower.
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“People have known the Jubilee Tower as it is for decades,” said county archaeologist Fiona Gale. “This will make it much easier for people to get to the top and give a much better sense of the scale of the building when it was first built.”
With European funding from the Countryside Council for Wales’s Communities and Nature Project and help from the Trunk Road Agency’s Biodiversity Fund, this work could even see the return of Britain’s most threatened mammal – the water vole.
If you have a smartphone you can also view the rise and fall of the tower in augmented reality with a new app for mobile and tablet.
You can see the wheel turning, meet the miller and try some old-fashioned cooking as part of the Victorian Festival at Loggerheads on 20-21 and 27-28 July.
Meanwhile, just a few miles away in Loggerheads Country Park, 18th century Pentre Mill will be brought back to life when its waterwheel starts turning again for the first time in a generation. Students from the Alun School in Mold recently helped refurbish the mill but the wheel wouldn’t move because the millpond and watercourses were derelict. To create a better flow, 20 huge boulders from Cefn Mawr quarry have been locked together on the mill’s river weir 300 metres away – and the watercourses that feed the millpond and mill wheel have been cleared out. So the mill could soon start grinding flour or generating electricity as it once did.
Spot the difference… future visitors will never know the cables were there
Above from top County archaeologist Fiona Gale inside the tower / the Jubilee Tower was originally 26 metres high Left Restoring the weir for Pentre Mill at Loggerheads
Going underground The biggest project in the AONB last year didn’t leave a single trace. And that’s just how we like it. Thanks to Scottish Power, three kilometres of unsightly 33,000-volt electrical cables supported by wooden poles have been hidden underground. The cables stretched east to west from Llanarmon-yn-Iâl right across the spine of the Clwydian Range. Now walkers on Offa’s Dyke Path National Trail will have an uninterrupted view of the skyline. The six-month £400,000 project is just part of Scottish Power’s commitment to undergrounding electricity cables in protected landscapes across North Wales including Snowdonia National Park and the AONBs at Anglesey and the Llyˆn Peninsula. It follows their transformation of the area around the car parks at Moel Famau Country Park several years ago. “These are the sort of little things that make a big difference,” said AONB Officer Howard Sutcliffe. “Future visitors will never know the pylons were there. Scottish Power have been really helpful and have delivered a perfect example of good practice in a sensitive location.”
06 www.clwydianrangeanddeevalleyaonb.org.uk
Swords and stories Busy mum Vanessa Warrington and best friend Vicky head to Chirk Castle – hoping for a stimulating and interactive day out for three children under the age of six. I must be honest. My memories of visiting National Trust properties when I was little are of being shouted at and a bit bored. So I was rather sceptical when a colleague recommended Chirk Castle as a great place for families.
Main picture The National Trust’s Chirk Castle
My friend Vicky’s six-year-old son Ethan was pretty excited though. He’d carried out a bit of online research before our visit – and the legend of the severed hand was definitely his favourite part of the story.
Right The children’s imagination was fired at every turn
First impressions were favourable. Halloween decorations adorned every building, the staff were knowledgeable and enthusiastic and we were given two ghost trails to follow. The first hunt was in the woods on the way up the hill – a great idea to avoid the moans of tired legs. Once the clues had been gathered, we were at the castle walls. Accompanied by cries of “wow” we entered the gateway into an impressive courtyard where a lovely
volunteer directed us to the main house. The beginning of the ghost hunt also became the start of our baby werewolf hunt. Despite the occasional loud shout of “I’ve found it!”, Vicky and I found time to chat to the volunteers in each room and hear the stories of life in the castle. They were really good with the children. Not once did we hear a “shhhh” or “tut”. They actually seemed to enjoy telling the gory stories and sneaked in a few facts for good measure while the children were consumed with curiosity. We loved the way their imagination were fired up at every turn. There were three separate opportunities for dressing up plus multiple games and props. Not to mention the regular appearance of severed hands in the most unlikely places. I’d thought the medieval swords were blunt
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so that children didn’t cut themselves when handling them. Now I know they were blunt because they were designed to crush rather than slice. Just one of the facts that stayed with us thanks to the education officer dressed as a medieval soldier in the armoury. With incredible patience and care he revealed what it would have been like as a soldier and allowed the children to try on the chain mail and replica helmets. Although my son Ryan didn’t quite pluck up the courage, he loved seeing his friends dressed up. Vicky’s daughter Seren made as good a soldier as she did a princess! And her giggles at her brother’s face being completely engulfed in a huge metal helmet became so infectious even the soldier had trouble staying in character.
Back at the farm buildings the children enjoyed an ice cream, an adventure playground and some tractors. Vicky and I had a much-needed hot chocolate and a sit-down with great views of the Dee Valley and surrounding landscape. But somehow there was still time to build a den on the way back to the car park before the journey home. When Ryan and I sat down with his scrapbook at the end of the week, he was very clear that Chirk Castle was the best thing about his holiday. He’s insisting that we go again soon – and I think I’ve been convinced to join the National Trust.
Chirk Castle 01691 777701 chirkcastle@nationaltrust.org.uk www.nationaltrust.org.uk/chirk
Chirk at a glance Completed in 1310, the National Trust’s Chirk Castle is the last Welsh castle from the reign of Edward I that’s still lived in today. Features from its 700-year history include the medieval tower and dungeon, 17th century Long Gallery, grand 18th century state apartments, servant’s hall and laundry. At Chirk you can meet Will the Archer, the castle’s bowman, and be trained to guard the fortress. You can try on armour and join in pike drill. And you can explore the deep dark dungeon in the Adams Tower. Lying at the south-eastern corner of the AONB, the surrounding landscape is a gateway to the Vale of Llangollen and part of the setting for the Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal World Heritage Site. The wood pasture, parkland and veteran trees at Chirk are a national biodiversity priority habitat with rare bats, fungi and beetles.
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The way we were Below Threshing in Corwen
Right from top Pigs kept behind Pen'rallt, Glyndyfrdwy / Harry Williams feeding sheep at Fron Heulog, Glyndyfrdwy (courtesy of Gareth Williams) / Vivod Sheep Dogs' Trial c1950 (photo by Alfred Beardsworth, courtesy Karen Mills)
Memories of a vanished way of rural life will be captured for posterity thanks to a project backed by the Heritage Lottery Fund. It’s vital to record the huge changes that have shaped our countryside since the 1940s, explains author and project consultant Lorna Jenner.
Farmers, gamekeepers and others who work the land have always been at the heart of what we now know as the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. When I was working on my book 100 Years of Farming I was captivated by the wealth of fascinating stories I was told by older farmers and their wives. They are now the last people who can give accounts of milking and
shearing by hand, harvesting using threshing machines, building a haystack, ploughing with horses – or buying their first tractor. So their tales weren’t just entertaining and often humorous. They gave a valuable insight into a way of life that has changed beyond recognition in their lifetime. It became obvious that these memories were of great historical importance and that they needed to be properly gathered and archived.
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Menter Iaith Sir Ddinbych and the AONB decided to work together on a large oral history project called Yr Amgueddfa Atgofion (The Memories Museum). The Heritage Lottery Fund has awarded Menter Iaith Sir Ddinbych nearly £60,000 to carry out the project, with extra support from the AONB Sustainable Development Fund and Cadwyn Clwyd. For the next 18 months Menter Iaith project officer Cathryn Griffith will work with famers, gamekeepers and community groups to build up a digital archive of rural life from the 1940s up to the present day. A series of memory events will be held during 2013 in venues including Corwen, Ruthin and Llangollen. Youngsters from local schools and colleges will help to gather the memories and build stronger links between the generations. They also hope to preserve a rich Welsh language tradition of often unique local dialect words, reflecting a way of life that is rapidly changing due to sweeping agricultural changes. Archive highlights will be displayed in a portable exhibition including a “mini-museum” of photos and sound recordings, with new material constantly being added. In 2013 it visits the Denbigh and Flint Show on 15 August and the National Eisteddfod in Denbigh 3-10 August. “We are very pleased to be working with Menter Iaith Sir Ddinbych on this exciting project,” says David Shiel, Senior Countryside Officer for the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley AONB. “There is such a wealth of knowledge
and understanding of rural life and traditions within the agricultural community of the AONB and some fascinating stories to tell. “Over the years farming and gamekeeping has provided the diversity of habitats that makes our countryside such a haven for wildlife and so outstandingly beautiful.” The project is already attracting national interest. Files from the archive will be sent to the National History Museum at St Fagans and the People’s Collection website as well as Llangollen Museum. “There is a big gap in our knowledge of the huge changes to rural life from 1945 to the present,” says Beth Thomas of St Fagans. “This period has seen more significant and rapid changes in agriculture than any other. It is essential that the testimonies of those who have experienced them are recorded.” If you would like to be a volunteer on the project or have some memories or photos that you’d like to share, please get in touch.
Cathryn Griffith Menter Iaith Sir Ddinbych 01745 812822 cathryn@menterdinbych.org David Shiel AONB Senior Countryside Officer 01352 810614 david.shiel@denbighshire.gov.uk
The AONB is also supporting Glyndyfrwdwy author Paul Lawton, who has teamed up with local farmer and friend of 30 years Hywel Edwards to produce a book about farming and rural life in the Dee Valley. They’ve unearthed some fantastic stories and more than 90 evocative pictures, most never published before. Their book will vividly complement the memories project. Pick up a copy from Loggerheads Countryside Centre or from Courtyard Books, the museum and the Tourist Information Centre in Llangollen.
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See you in cyberspace We like to keep up with technology in the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley. It’s the most sustainable way for us to tell our story – because we can print fewer brochures and erect fewer signs. Here are 10 ways you can use new media to make your visit to the AONB greener as well as more vivid and interactive.
go surfing What exactly do you want to know? Our websites are the places to go for in-depth information about visiting and living in the AONB. They’re packed with games to play, useful downloads and all the latest events and activities. www.clwydianrangeanddeevalley aonb.org.uk
share a secret
go for a ride
The Hidden Range project is filming a year in the life of our flora and fauna – and we’re reaching the
Mountain biking in the AONB is some of the best around. Our Ride North Wales app contains loads of
corners most visitors never see.
routes from easy to insanely tough
You’ll be able to see the amazing
and there’s a list of cycle-friendly
results on our websites, via YouTube
places to stay. Search on YouTube
and in the audio-visual room at
for video clips or visit:
Loggerheads. Or buy your own
www.ridenorthwales.co.uk
DVD as a souvenir.
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read all about it Sign up for the Denbighshire Countryside Service e-newsletter. It will miss out your letterbox and go straight to your inbox instead thanks to MailChimp.
find us on facebook Join our legion of friends – or at the very least gives us a “like”. You’ll be the first to hear all our news. And the fantastic photos we take while we’re out and about should give you plenty of ideas for an outing.
enjoy the view We call it “a room with a view”. Because inside a little stone building at Loggerheads Country Park is an amazing interactive table and projection system. There you can watch films, see images and
travel back in time
hear interviews spanning many generations of life in the AONB.
You might have thought Castell Dinas Brân, the Jubilee Tower or our
/ClwydianRange
Iron Age hillforts were dramatic
/LoggerheadsCountryPark
enough. But now you can give augmented reality a try. Our new app means you can see how these
find an earthcache EarthCaches are special places in the landscape. But you need a hand-held GPS tracker to find them. Hire a special rucksack for £10 from Loggerheads Country Park and your family will be taken on a magical mystery tour through Moel Famau or Coed Nercwys on our Earth Seeker Trails.
iconic sites looked in their heyday – just by pointing your smartphone at them. See pages 4, 12 and 14.
hear about hillforts follow us on twitter How on earth do you pack everything that’s happening in a protected landscape covering 390 square kilometres into just 140 characters? Follow our tweets and find out. @LoggerheadsCP
Our landscapes may be beautiful – but it’s not always easy to get the full picture while you walk. Our audio trails will bring alive the history of Moel Famau and the hillforts of Caer Drewyn and Penycloddiau. Call from your mobile or download the mp3 files in advance from: www.clwydianrangeanddeevalley aonb.org.uk
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Main picture Offa’s Dyke Path National Trail Below left to right Walking with Offa is promoting local businesses / Valle Crucis Abbey / Llangollen steam railway
www.clwydianrangeanddeevalleyaonb.org.uk
Following in Offa’s footsteps From Chirk in the south to Prestatyn in the north – Offa’s Dyke Path National Trail passes right through the AONB. A cross-border project aims to make the most of this important asset without destroying what makes the landscape so precious.
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Offa’s Dyke Path National Trail runs an epic 177 miles from Sedbury Cliff in Gloucestershire to Prestatyn beach. It follows the dyke itself for 50 miles and crosses the border 27 times. When King Offa built what became the longest archaeological monument in Britain, he was trying to keep England and Wales apart. More than 1,200 years later, he could well be spinning in his grave. Because no fewer than four protected landscapes, and a host of other groups from both sides of the border, have now come together to harness the economic benefits of the national trail based on his handiwork. Walking is big business. More than threequarters of UK holiday visitors to Wales go walking at some point during their stay. And walkers spend about £550 million a year in the Welsh countryside and coast. That makes Offa’s Dyke National Trail one of the biggest assets of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley as well as two other AONBs – Wye Valley and Shropshire Hills. Not to mention the Brecon Beacons National Park. But it’s not only an economic asset. It’s a cultural and environmental treasure too. That’s why the Walking with Offa project wants to boost tourism without compromising the beauty of some of Britain’s finest landscapes. Walking with Offa, which is funded by the Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, will improve access for visitors and help them gain more enjoyment and understanding from their visit.
Walking with Offa is promoting local businesses such as shops, pubs, restaurants and accommodation providers along the trail corridor. Through workshops and field trips, it’s also helping them find out exactly what’s on their doorstep – and make the most of it. “People come back because they have been excited by the experience of a place,” says Jeff Morgan of Morgans B&B, who chairs the Clwydian Range Tourism Group. “If businesses work together they can act as ambassadors for the area and for each other. It’s not a competitive market, it’s a complementary and collaborative market.” In practical terms this might mean that your breakfast sausages will be from a farm around the corner. Your hosts will be displaying a “walkers welcome” logo. And they won’t just know the best routes but everything else of interest about their town or village. But attracting more walkers into some of our most sensitive landscapes will only be sustainable if it doesn’t lead to more cars clogging the roads. Fortunately the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley is well served by green public transport. Prestatyn at the very beginning of Offa’s Dyke Path and Chirk at our south-western corner both have mainline train stations.
Gates are replacing stiles, waymarking is getting better and a whole range of circular walks is spreading out into the wider “Offa’s Country” around the National Trail.
Once you’re here you can easily get around by bus, canal and even steam railway. Or if you fancy exploring one of Britain’s most remarkable historic landscapes, try the Llangollen Lift. On weekends and Bank Holidays this Walking with Offa-funded bus connects the town centre with Valle Crucis Abbey, Castell Dinas Brân and Plas Newydd.
Software engineers have developed an incredible augmented reality app for key sites in the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley, including Castell Dinas Brân, the Jubilee Tower and our chain of Iron Age hillforts.
It follows the Panorama Drive along the foot of the Eglwyseg Rocks and traverses the spectacular Horseshoe Pass. You can hop on and off at lots of different stops. And it’s absolutely free.
Thanks to its built-in compass the app knows which way your smartphone is pointing. As you pan across the landscape it superimposes a mix of computer-generated images, photography and illustration.
David Shiel AONB Senior Countryside Officer 01352 810614 david.shiel@denbighshire.gov.uk
From top The Llangollen Lift bus / local food is on the menu / Pontcysyllte Aqueduct / the trail is one of our biggest assets
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Tread lightly on the land Spectacular view from Castell Dinas Brân
It’s a bit of a climb to Castell Dinas Brân but the views will blow your mind. Just stick to the footpaths if you want to do your bit for sustainable tourism.
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There’s something deeply enticing about Castell Dinas Brân. As soon as you catch a glimpse of this charismatic ruin crowning its craggy hilltop high above Llangollen, you feel an urge to explore it. It does demand a fairly stiff climb, whether you approach from the town or from Offa’s Dyke Path National Trail. But it’s worth it. You can still see the ramparts of the original Iron Age hillfort as well as the gatehouse, keep and tower of an ill-fated castle built by the Welsh in the 1260s – then burned down in 1277 to keep it out of marauding English hands. But the archaeology is only half the story. Legend-haunted Castell Dinas Brân is all about atmosphere. The 360-degree views from the top are sublime: west to the Horseshoe Pass, north to the scree slopes of the Eglwyseg Rocks, south to the wild Berwyn Mountains and east all the way down the Dee Valley to Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and beyond. This must be one of the most magical places in Britain – and there’s the rub. The footfall of the 35,000 visitors it attracts every year was starting to damage the hillsides and the stone ruins. But we don’t want to stop people coming here. We want to encourage it – by connecting the site to the town with better signage, improving the display boards and creating a new “augmented reality” app to bring its history to life. That’s why, thanks to Dee Valley Rivers and Railways funded by the Countryside Council for Wales’s Communities and Nature project, we’ve installed new kissing gates, upgraded paths and replaced handrails so that walkers don’t erode the slopes by cutting corners. And it’s why we’re protecting the precious archaeology of the castle with stone-pitched steps made from local timber and slate. It’s all part of a drive to make it easier for residents and visitors to explore the Dee
Valley – without destroying the features that make it special. We’d like them to use the towpaths, riverbanks and steam railway to get about rather than hopping in their car. And we’re organising a whole range of walks, practical activities and family-friendly events from river dipping to bat detecting to tempt them. They won’t just encounter a beautiful landscape – they’ll find thriving towns and villages full of shops, pubs, restaurants, hotels, B&Bs, attractions and outdoor adventure companies. Many of them rely on visitors. But they don’t want to make a profit at the expense of the environment. Which is where The Dee Valley Sustainable Tourism Project comes in. It aims to help local enterprises work together to make the most of the area’s natural advantages and cultural heritage. Ambitious plans include better branding, integrated transport and food tourism. “Everything that we need for our survival and wellbeing depends, directly or indirectly, on our natural environment,” says project consultant Arwel Jones. “Tourism is an intrinsic part of the local economy but it needs to be light on the land and respect the culture of our communities.” Ros Stockdale AONB Regional Routes Warden 01978 869615 ros.stockdale@denbighshire.gov.uk
Above from top Stone-pitched steps are preserving the archaeology / AONB warden Ros Stockdale Below from bottom Tourism is vital to the local economy / a greener way to explore
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www.clwydianrangeanddeevalleyaonb.org.uk
Reasons to get messy Volunteers do crucial work in the AONB. In fact it’s no exaggeration to say that our beautiful landscape wouldn’t look the way it does without them. And we like to start them early. That’s why we launched the Young Rangers. It’s perfect for youngsters aged 12 to 18 who want to learn more about wildlife, don’t mind getting messy in the great outdoors – and think they might look good in our rather natty purple hoodies. For one day each month you’ll see them out and about in Moel Famau and Loggerheads country parks. They might be coppicing woodland or repairing footpaths. They might even be
counting dormice or up at dawn for a black grouse mating display or “lek”. “We’re trying to give young people a better understanding of their environment and the work that goes into maintaining it,” explains countryside warden Rachel Jones. “It gets them out into the fresh air and helps them appreciate what’s right on their doorstep.” Thanks to the success of the scheme in the Clwydian Range, plans are afoot to launch a Young Rangers group in the Dee Valley. To find out more call 01352 810614 or email rachel.jones@denbighshire.gov.uk
Events 2013 There’s always plenty happening in the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley. Here are just a few of the highlights for 2013. To find out more visit the “News and Events” section of our website. Tues 9-Sun 14 July, Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod www.international-eisteddfod.co.uk
Sat 31 August-Sun 1 September, Corwen Walking Festival www.corwenwalkingfestival.co.uk Sat 7 September, Real Ale Trail www.realaletrailflintshire.co.uk Sat 21-Sun 22 September, Mold Food and Drink Festival www.moldfoodfestival.co.uk
Sat 3-Sat 10 August, National Eisteddfod, Denbigh www.eisteddfod.org.uk
September, Open Doors Denbighshire www.opendoorsdenbighshire.org.uk
Thurs 15 August, Denbigh and Flint County Show www.denbighandflintshow.com
October, Llangollen Food Festival www.llangollenfoodfestival.com
Mon 26 August, Cilcain Show www.cilcainshow.org.uk
Sat 21 Dec-Mon 6 January, Christmas at Loggerheads www.caffiflorence.co.uk
Partneriaeth Cynllun Datblygiad Gwledig Sir Ddinbych Denbighshire Rural Development Plan Partnership
This publication has received funding through the Rural Development Plan for Wales 2007-2013 which is funded by the Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development. Written and designed by whitefox-design.co.uk Photography courtesy of Clwydian Range and Dee Valley AONB, White Fox, © Crown copyright (2013) Visit Wales, Wrexham County Borough Council. Published by Clwydian Range and Dee Valley AONB in April 2013. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, the publishers can accept no liability for any errors, inaccuracies or omissions or for any matter in any way connected with or arising out of the publication of the information. Printed on uncoated paper sourced from well managed and sustainable forests and certified by the Forestry Stewardship Council.