BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
RY
DA BOUN S /LES
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY BOUN LESS /
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
ABBIE WENJIA ZHANG
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
Y
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
Y
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY DA BOUN S /LES
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
Y
RY
DARY BOUN LESS /
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
Y
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY Y
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
Y
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
Y
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUND
BOUND
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN
Boundary/less A thesis presented in partial fulfillment of requirements of the degree Master of Architecture in the department of Architecture of the Rhode Island School of Design. by Wenjia Zhang 2019
Approved by Bachelor's Examination Committee:
Amy Kulper, RISD, Department of Architecture, Thesis Chair
Emanuel Admassu, RISD, Department of Architecture, Primary Advisor
Ijlal Muzaffar, RISD, Liberal Arts, Secondary Advisor
To my mom and dad, my grandma, my aunt—my little family that gives me unfaltering and unconditional support, And to my grandpa: I hope I can be your pride and joy.
I Ally & Enemy
Gooogle Image Search "boundary"
bound·a·ry /'bound(ə)rē/ noun
1. "A line which marks the limits of an area; a dividing line." 1.1 "A limit of something abstract, especially a subject or sphere of activity"
A boundary is generated by the operation of cutting, marking or dividing. Boundaries are used as a limit to separate area, subject or sphere of activity. When it comes to architecture, architects usually use enclosure, such as a wall, floor or ceiling to set boundaries of buildings.
A boundary is generated by the operation of cutting, marking or dividing. Boundaries are used as a limit to separate area, subject or sphere of activity. When it comes to architecture, architects usually use enclosure, such as a wall, floor or ceiling to set boundaries of buildings.
A boundary is generated by the operation of cutting, marking or dividing. Boundaries are used as a limit to separate area, subject or sphere of activity. When it comes to architecture, architects usually use enclosure, such as a wall, floor or ceiling to set boundaries of buildings.
What keeps me thinking is what if the act of establishing a boundary is passive, what if a boundary is the outcome of adjacent entities reaching their maximums? In this case, the definition of a boundary reaches beyond physical separation. The permanence of a boundary is also questionable.
Sand gaming inspired by Villa Savoye
fun /fən/
noun 1. "Enjoyment, amusement, or lighthearted pleasure." adjective INFORMAL 1. "Amusing, entertaining, or enjoyable."
Ally
WITHIN THE DISCIPLINE OF ARCHITECTURE ADVERTISEMENTS FOR ARCHITECTURE
BERNARD TSCHUMI
"Architecture is not simply about space and form, but also about event, action, and what happens in space."
Enemy WITHIN THE DISCIPLINE OF ARCHITECTURE XIANGSHAN CAMPUS
SHU WANG
Discipline "The only way is to make believe. Just as advertisements for products like cigarettes and whiskey are made to trigger desire for something beyound the illustration, the Advertisements had the same purpose—to trigger desire for architecture."
OUTSIDE THE DISCIPLINE OF ARCHITECTURE
Ally
GAME
CRAZY ARCADE
The game provides two sides between which you can choose, attacker or defender. In the whole sequence the role you play can be changed. Attacker breaks boundaries and defender sets boundaries, but the two boundaries are both set passively as needed.
Enemy
OUTSIDE THE DISCIPLINE OF ARCHITECTURE VR ONLINE SHOPPING
TAOBAO BUY+
Virtual Reality deconstructs people's need about spaces, because of the immerive experice, people are becoming more and more unconscious about the enclosure. Physical boundaries are less important than what happens in the glasses.
Before
Politics
BEIJING — When China’s leaders began the hurly-burly transition to a market economy, they encouraged dislocated workers to take up their own entrepreneurial pursuits. Many of them started small shops, bars or cafes, in what became known as kai qiang da dong, meaning “to open a hole in the wall.”Now, in Beijing, the holes are being bricked up.The city authorities call it a beautification project. And it is, of a sort, in places where white walls, tree boxes and flowering planters have replaced jerry-built, sidewalk-clogging stalls and storefronts.
After
When policies try to block what is happening inside of space,"illegal boundries" will still be formed as needed, either temporary or misused.
wildcard
RELATIVITY
M.C. ESCHER
Identity
Photography of New Countryside Houses in Guangdong, China
What would happen when you use your wildest imagination to build your new house? Is what you want what you need? Liquam que perum volupti nvelist oruptatur modit, sum quid
II Thesis Probe
LET'S START WITH G R I D.
ASTHE FIRST BOUN D A R Y.
WITH SECONDARY
TRANS LAT E THESE P LAN S
INTO FUN S P A C ES
V E R T ICAL BOUND A R I ES
III Market
Boundaries are defined as the threshold events between structures of power and public desires.
2:00 PM Shuncheng South Road
7:00 AM Morning Street Market
Structures of Power vs Public Desires
This is a street market existed in Xi’an, China, that takes up the whole street every morning along the City wall. For the rest of the day, the street looked no different from other street in the city. Relatively permanent boundaries are established by structure of power to define the city, creating an environment for public desires like this temporary market.
"To open a hole in the wall" in 1980s
A lot of street market actually were facilitated by the policy which pushed by Chinese government in 1980s called “kai Qiang da dong”, meaning to “open a hole in the wall”, negative street spaces were spontaneously transformed into bustling and unauthorized commercial zones. Traditional Chinese homes were transformed into small shops, bars or cafes. This architectural transformation from wall to shop window gave character to the streets.
"Beautification P
Project" in 2010s When policies trying to block what is happening inside of space,"illegal boundries" will still be formed as needed, either temporary or misfuntional.
However, these transformations that gave the alleyways presence have been deemed illegal in 2010's by city authorities, especially in Beijing. Authorities claim they do not match one of Beijing’s city planning laws entitled “Beautification Project”. This law stated that white walls, tree boxes and flowering planters are to replace sidewalk-clogging stalls and storefronts. Structures of power are deeming these activities to be illegal, while public desires are creating a city environment that is much more exciting.
How can we create a kind of architecture that can negot
tiate between structures of power and public desires?
Xi'an, China
My project is constantly trying to explore a way in which existing citizens are already achieving these goals. They are finding a way to occupy the city, in this case Xi’an, the city where the street market
But when structures of power are too dominant, public desires can no longer exist. From the documented street views over four years, we can see how those white walls, tree boxes gradually dissolved the street market.
Street view on 07/24/2017
Street view on 04/22/2015
I am trying to imagine a type of architecture that allows for this ongoing negotiation to stay within the city.
Crazy Arcade
game /gÄ m/
noun 1. "Activity engaged in for diversion or amusement." 2. "A procedure or strategy for gaining an end."
Before
After
The negotiat happened i boundaries a events altern public de governm Previous ac exist in these storefronts activities. The boundaries d events ha but instead another kind flexib
tion already in the city, as threshold nate between esires and ment laws. ctivities still e blocked up as “illegal” e blocked up didn’t prevent appening, d provided d of “illegal” bility.
Maximum flexibilit through relative per ing responses from
ty can be facilitated rmanence provokurban residents.
Xi'an, China
City Wall
City Wall
Existing Analysis
Market
City
Wa ll
Residential
Pedestrian
Umbrella
Tree
Awning
Bicycle
Tricycle
Van
Wall
Truss
Column
Interior Extension
Exterior Extension
City Wall
City Wall
Street Market
Community Bound
City Boundary
dary
Private Boundary
Community Public
Activities coexist and negotiate between different scales of permanent boundaries, which generates a second layer of temporary boundaries as buffer zones to allow shifting desires to happen.
Existing Floor Plan
Ground Floor Plan
Boundaries articulate laws and restrictions. They are defended and attacked on both sides. The role of “attacker” and “defender”, however, alternate between our desires and our government laws. Through the methodology of translation of boundaries to threshold events, this thesis aims to redefine the boundary as relatively permanent architectural elements which ensure the highest flexibility for programs to reconfigure contradictions and restrictions according to the influences of its users.
City Boundary
Informal Exte
eior Markert
Community Boundary
Exterior Vehicle Market
Exterior Wall Market
Interior Formal Market
Second Floor Plan
88200 6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
DOWN
DOWN
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300 DOWN
6300
DOWN
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300 88200
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
6300
88200
88200
DOWN
Community Boundary
Communi
ity Public
Private Boundary
Exterior Truss Market
Exterior Tree Market
Interior Open Theater
Structures of power will continue to shift, but they seem relatively permanent, while public desire are much more temporary, always shifting.
This thesis is trying to negotiate a type of architecture that is relative permanent in order to accommodate shifting desires.
Acknowledgments
I would like to express my deep gratitude to professor Emanuel Admassu, my thesis advisor, for always guiding me to explore and structure my research interests, for his patient guidance, encouragement and constructive critique. And my MoDP professor and graduate program director Carl Lostritto, thank you for guidence in many aspects from the moment I arrived at RISD. I would also like to thank my BEB peers for their company during this challenging year. My grateful thanks are also extended to my roomates, Clay, Anrui and Yong, for many delicious family dinners and for Yuan and Lu for assistance on my thesis project. Special thanks should be given to my formal classmates Danni Zhang, Ke Xie, Nil Shang, Yisi Rao and Yunchu King, you bring me light in my darkest days.
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
DARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN
BOUN