NV Rancher September 2019

Oldest Independent Livestock Monthly in Nevada $2.00

DOG TALE RANCH

September, 2019 9

SHEEP WAGONS- THE ORIGINAL TINY HOUSE EAT LAMB. WEAR WOOL.

BULL SALE

SEPTEMBER 24, 2019 SALE TIME

1 PM PST

FARMERS LIVESTOCK MARKET O A K D A L E ,

80

LORENZEN 8997

BIEBER FUSION B538 X SGLN X-FILES HB

200

GM

CED

50

17

BW

-2.7

WW

51

YW

80

HPG

10

CEM

10

STAY

18

MARB

0.6

LORENZEN 8256

$PROFIT

GM

CED

BW

9 -3.1

WW

55

YW

ADG

MILK

92 0.23 21

LORENZEN 8317

LORENZEN 6007 X BROWN ROUND UP $PROFIT

$11,543

22575 Skyview Lane Bend, Oregon 97702

RHF-RHR 190A TENX 49D X LSF BOXED BEEF $10,441 50

BULLS SELL

C A L I F O R N I A

MARB

YG

0.7 0.27

11

BW

WW

-2 63

YW

ADG

HPG

103 0.25 13

MARB

CW

0.41

REA

31 0.23

LORENZEN 8830

LARRY LORENZEN 541.969.8034 SAM LORENZEN 541.215.2687

CED

LORENZEN 6022 X LR CONQUEST $PROFIT

$20,915

HB

212

www.lorenzenranches.com

GM

CED

52 11

WW

72

YW

DMI

STAY

110 0.59 19

CW

REA

26 0.45

september 8-15 Reno Livestock Events Center, Reno

selling select Yearlings and Broodmares, Performance and ranch Horses, select 2-Year-olds and spayed Fillies

sat., sePtemBer 14, BegiNNiNg at 10 a.m.

o cHic its BooNs

redi to rock

Ranch Horse That CD Rocks x Yippie Wyo (Teninas First)

Performance Horse Smart Boons x A Nic O Chic (Smart Chic Olena)

metaLic cat oLeNa

douBLe dosa FeckLes

Performance Horse Metallic Red Cat x Lazy K Cat Lady (Cat Olena 380)

yearling Filly Little Disco Dancer x Leo Lita Lux (Freckles Elite)

HigH cLass viNtage

FiNe N stYLisH

yearling colt One Time Vinatge x Bittersweetness (Tangys Classy Peppy)

yearling Filly One Fine Vintage x Annie Go Stylish (Docs Stylish Oak)

Name PeNdiNg

Name PeNdiNg

yearling Filly Metallic Cat x Shirly Shine (Shinning Spark)

yearling colt Metallic Rebel x Smart Magic Trick (Very Smart Remedy)

SilveR legacy 800-687-8733 Code ISSBF19

THD ©

gRand SieRRa 800-501-2651 Code FTRTY9

Sale Features

sweet cat rg LTE: $25,523

Two yearlings Performance Horse – Broodmare Sired by Once in a High Brow Cat x Sweets Smart Girl (Smart Little Lena) Blu Boon x Sweet alSO a Recipient Mare carrying a Filly Sells to dont Stopp Believin cat Rg also Sell!

saLe maNaged BY

Host HoteLs

2019

Horse sales

Horse Catalog Link www.snafflebitsales.com Event Schedule www.renosnafflebitfuturity.com

Jake Parnell 916-662-1298 John dickinson 916-806-1919 www.parnelldickinson.com

if You can’t make it to the sale, Pre-register Now aNd Bid Live sale day: www.Liveauctions.tv

9.14

10 a.m.

reNo Livestock events center reno, Nevada

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Read back issues digitally: https://issuu.com/winnemuccapublishing7 The Nevada Rancher (ISSN 0047-9489) (USPS #003-257) Published monthly at Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445 Call us toll free at (866) 644-5011 Periodical Postage Paid at Winnemucca, 89445

Publisher, Peter Bernhard

I have never had the best experiences with anything sheep related. During my 4H steershowing years I qualified to compete in Round Robin a few times. The Round Robin Show requires the showman to rotate through the showpen trying their hand at showing the other breeds of livestock. Well, long story short, my hands could never quite keep ahold of those lambs... I never won Round Robin.

My first wool thrift store find was when I was in college. It was a gorgeous maroon sweater. Take note, wool does not wash well in the washing machine! In 4th grade I had my first tase of lamb. I believe it was mutton ribs, I can still taste them.. With this sheep-themed issue, I am happy to say my experiences have taken a turn for the better!

Eat Lamb. Wear Wool. pg 10

Staff Writer, Jennifer Whiteley

Dog Tale Ranch – Arlette and Allen Seib- pg 14

Contributors, Heather Smith Thomas, David Glaser, Norma Elliot, Sarah Hummel, and Jolyn Young.

Office Manager, Tracy Wadley Production Manager, Joe Plummer

Sheep Wagons- The Original Tiny House- pg 24 Protect the Harvest- Who Owns the West? pg 30 Cover Photo By: Magen Dufurrena Denio, NV Lovely Valley Wool LovelyValleyWool.com

Carlin Buckaroo Bash Results- pg 32

Advertising Designer, Emily Swindle The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for statements by advertisers nor products advertised within, and The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for opinions expressed in articles submitted for publication. The publisher reserves the right to accept or reject advertising or editorial material submitted for publication. Contents in The Nevada Rancher may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including, but not limited to original contents and original composition of all ads (layout and artwork) without prior written permission. Subscription rate: $16.00 per year.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: The Nevada Rancher, Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445

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WINNEMUCCA PUBLISHING 4 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

I pray your cattle don’t go salt-hungry, you don’t have to count sheep to fall asleep, and that this coming Fall season brings beautiful colors. I hope you enjoy this issue.

-Ashley

Inside This Issue:

Editor and Layout, Ashley Buckingham

Sales Representative Ashley Buckingham

Wes Klett of Anipro Xtraformance Feeds and Ashley at the Producer’s Dinner in Orovada, NV

An old west sheep wagon. Read more about Sheep Wagons starting on page 24.

........and more!

Hello from Cow Country

By Sam Mori President, NV Cattlemen’s Assoc.

I hope this writing finds you all well and enjoying what is left of what seems to be a really short, fast summer. Things here at the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association have been active in a good way.

We have recently returned from the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association summer meeting where many things were worked on for the betterment of our industry. Notice I said worked on and not just discussed as countless people connected to the right places at the right time are truly making progress on the hard issues that are vital to the success of our livelihood.

The gradual but positive changes we have seen in recent months—and will continue to see over the coming year—are not occurring by coincidence. Meaningful changes to regulations don’t simply happen because of discussion at a dinner party, a social media post, or a liked tweet.

Forward momentum is happening on things like Targeted Grazing of Annual Grasses, Results Based Grazing, Preference, Endangered Species Reform, Recreation and Livestock Interaction, Animal Health, Fake Meat, Marketing on multiple

Nevada Cattlemen’s Association 84th Annual Convention and Tradeshow The Nevada Cattlemen’s Association is eager to announce this year’s convention. The 84th Annual Nevada Cattlemen’s Association Convention and Trade Show will be held November 20-23, 2019 at the Elko Convention Center in Elko, NV. As NCA members around the state gather in Elko, we will celebrate a lifetime of traditions, revise and review policies, and take a chance to enjoy our friends and neighbors.

At convention members of the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association, guest speakers and vendors that provide services to the beef cattle industry will join together to celebrate the Nevada Livestock Industry. NCA staff and officers are working hard to provide you with a memorable and educational experience.

Registration for convention is on our website and has been sent out by mail and email at. If you are interested in attending and would like more information please call the office at 1-775-738-9214 or email nca@nevadabeef.org. The forms for exhibit booths and sponsorships have been sent out.

If you did not receive these forms and wish to receive one please contact us, we would be happy to send one to you. The Nevada Cattlemen’s Association would like to thank the sponsors and exhibitors for helping make our event a success.

Committees will meet on October 18th at the NCA office located 542 Commercial St. Suite 2A in Elko, NV, to discuss new issues or resolutions to be proposed at convention and review past resolutions. These meetings take place to set policies. This is a chance for you to provide input to a committee chairman on any changes to a policy or a new policy that affects our industry and way of life. By participating it is a great way to get involved and have your voice be heard in the policy-making process. For more information on each committee, please contact the Committee Chairs or the NCA Executive Director.

To see a tentative schedule of convention, please see below and also look online at our website. We are constantly updating it. We look forward to seeing you all at convention!

facets, and too many more to mention. The challenges that we face today did not come about overnight and it will take time to swing the pendulum back to center, but we are seeing progress being made in the right direction. It is important that we stay engaged to make sure things keep moving toward the finish line on these important issues and your association is committed to doing so.

There is another item that we all need to be aware of: the new legislation that pertains to public access across private property. As of this writing there is a lot of confusion and we hope to have discussion and clarification of the bill at our annual convention November 20-23 in Elko, NV. We are planning to have a well-rounded agenda at the convention that should have something for any and everyone’s interests. Most of all, we hope to provide an enjoyable experience and a good time!

In closing I want to thank everyone along the way that is helping pull on the rope. Together we are making progress in the right direction.

Till next time, Sam Mori President, Nevada Cattlemen’s Association

Schedule Wednesday, November 20 1:00 – 6:00 p.m. Exhibitor Move-In 2:00 – 3:00 p.m. Nevada Rangeland

Resources Commission 3:00 – 6:00 p.m. Central Grazing

Committee Meeting 5:00 – 6:30 p.m. Nevada CattleWomen,

Inc. Board of Directors Meeting 6:30 – 8:30 p.m. Open Social hosted by

Nevada CattleWomen, Inc. Thursday, November 21 7:00 – 5:00 p.m. Registration Open 7:30 – 11:00 a.m. NV CattleWomen’s

Breakfast & General Membership Meeting 7:30 – 9:30 a.m. NV WoolGrowers Breakfast 8:00 – 9:00 a.m. Research and Education

Committee Meeting 9:00 – 7:00 p.m. Tradeshow Open to All

NCA Convention Attendees 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Break in Tradeshow – Cof

fee and Snacks provided 9:30 – 11:30 a.m. Public Lands Committee Meeting 10:00 – 12:00 p.m. NV CattleWomen’s

Youth Beef Cook off-site location TBD 11:30 – 1:00 p.m. NV Beef Council Lunch 1:00 – 2:00 p.m. Legislative Affairs

Committee Meeting 1:30 – 4:00 p.m. NV CattleWomen’s Youth

team Debate 2:00 – 2:30 p.m. Nevada Lands Action

Association Meeting

2:30 – 4:00 p.m. 1st General Session – CattleFax 4:00 – 7:00 p.m. Convention Opening

Reception in the Tradeshow Friday, November 22 7:00 – 5:00 p.m. Registration Open 7:30 – 9:00 a.m. Inspirational Breakfast 9:00 – 7:00 p.m. Tradeshow Open to All

NCA Convention Attendees 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Break in the Tradeshow 9:30 – 11:30 a.m. Private Lands and

Environmental Management

Committee Meeting 11:30 – 1:00 p.m. Lunch in the Tradeshow 1:00 – 2:00 p.m Cattlemen’s College – DC

Issues Update from NCBA 2:00 – 3:30 p.m Animal Health Committee Meeting 3:30 – 5:00 p.m 2nd General Session –

Marketing your Cattle 5:00 – 6:00 p.m. Last Call Reception in the Tradeshow 6:00 p.m.

Trade Show closes 6:00 – 7:00 p.m. Cocktail Hour 7:00 – 9:00 p.m. NCA Annual Awards Banquet Saturday, November 23 7:00 – 11:00 a.m. Registration Open 7:30 a.m. General NCA Membership Meeting 9:00 a.m. NCA Board of Directors Meeting 10:00 NV CattleWomen, Inc. Silent Auction Closeout

THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 5

l a n r u jo

RANCH

Interested in having your item featured as part of our Ranch Journal?

Contact Ashley Buckingham at (775) 304-8814

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Our products are 100% American grown and American made. “Lovely Valley” is the summer range where our sheep grow soft, beautiful wool.

My great-grandfather herded sheep on this same range in Northern Nevada after arriving from the Basque Country. In 1974 my grandfather, Buster, started the Dufurrena Sheep Company. It is still run today by my grandmother, Linda and my father, Hank. Grandpa was always generous to share his knowledge and stories of the past. I asked him about the changes in the wool industry and why American made products are so hard to come by. And when I started the quest to keep our family’s wool local, he smiled and said, “See what you can do with it Meg.” I​t’s been a few years in the works... but I’ve found a great supporting cast and Lovely Valley Wool has a line of yarn and throws to share!

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 7

Vernon A. Chapin Vernon A. Chapin was born in Charleston, Nevada on July 30, 1930 to Ed and Alice Chapin. He passed away peacefully on June 25, 2019.

Vernon enjoyed growing up cowboying on various area ranches, piloting planes, digging for bottles along the old central pacific railroad, and exploring ghost towns throughout northeastern Nevada. He also served in the Navy during the Korean conflict on various submarines. He was employed by the Nevada State Highway Department for many years until retirement.

He is preceded in death by his parents Ed and Alice Chapin, and brothers, George and Charley (Lois) Chapin. Vernon is survived by his wife Judy; son Daniel; daughter Cheri (Jerry) Sestanovich; grandsons Jason (Bobbi), Chad (Andrea), Ty (Erin), and CJ; great granddaughters Charlee, Marvel, Reagan, and Bradley; brothers Harold (Rita) Chapin, Jerry (Karla) Chapin; sister-in- law Delma Chapin, along with many nieces and nephews.

Heartfelt thanks to the University of Utah Hospital Acute Care Team for their caring assistance and support.

As per Vernon’s wishes, no services will be held. The family suggests memorial contributions be sent to the charity of your choice.

Have a great ride Dad. You will be dearly missed.

Harold Chapin Harold Chapin, 84, peacefully passed away July 24, 2019 at home with his wife Rita by his side. Harold was born on January 2, 1935 to Alice Mcknight Chapin and Edwin Chapin.

He was the fourth of five boys: George (Delma), Charlie ( Lois), Vernon ( Judy), and Jerry (Karla). As a ranch kid, Harold’s love of horses started early. At age 12, Harold started colts for his dad and also at the stockyards in Elko.

1955.

The going rate at that time was $2.00/ ride. Harold started rodeoing when he was 16.

He graduated from Elko High School and still worked for his dad on the ranch. He eventually ebranched out and went to work for the 25 Ranch and kept rodeoing. Harold met Rita Zabala and they married in

He provided her with her first “home”, a tent at the 25 Ranch and she cooked for the cowboys. She was up for the adventure as Harold became the buckaroo boss for McCleary’s Circle A Ranch in Paradise Valley. Harold quit this job to continue rodeoing.

At the height of Harold’s career, he earned All Around and Saddle Bronc Championship titles in 1962 and 1963 on the NCA rodeo circuit. Harold stopped rodeoing and started his life long love of raising horses. He and Rita

made a home on East 2nd Street in Winnemucca .

When the highway moved them out, they bought property out in Paradise Hill. What was originally acres filled with dust and sagebrush is now a beautiful and productive alfalfa farm.

Harold and Rita continued raising quarter horses. Harold shared his knowledge of horse training with many friends. The same quiet, calming manner combined with high expectation and gentle encouragement worked as well on horses as it did on the people that Harold met throughout his life.

Harold was a quiet man, not because he didn’t have anything to say, but because he measured carefully what he said, meaning every word. Harold had a quick wit and good sense of humor. He was hard working and tough but kind and patient.

Harold was devoted to Rita and his family which included everyone that walked through their door. Harold was also a talented artist. He created many beautiful rawhide bracelets, necklaces and cowboy gear.

Harold shared his knowledge of braiding with many young people. He sold some of his creations but often due to his generous nature, gave them as priceless gifts. Harold was honored at the 2008 Winnemucca Ranch Hand Rodeo as the “Ranch Hand Cowboy of the Year”.

Harold was known as a cowboy’s cowboy. He liked to stay home but loved people to stop and visit, everyone was welcome.

Harold is preceded in death by his parents and three of his brothers, George, Vernon and Charlie. Harold is survived by his wife of 64 years, Rita Chapin, brother, Jerry (Karla), and brother-in-law, Ray Zabala (Bonnie) as well as many devoted nephews, nieces, great nephews, great nieces, and friends who loved him.

Harold’s wishes were that no memorial services be held. Those who wish can donate to LaRena’s Race (PO Box 435/McDermitt NV 89421) or Rope for Hope (PO Box 328/Wmca NV 89446) in Harold’s name.

Eddie Roland Snyder Mason Valley Eddie Roland Snyder, born on August 11, 1925, passed away on May 25, 2019.

Clinically, Eddie died of heart failure. There was never a heart that failed less. That great heart guided Eddie through childhood and pushed him to excellence as a young man. That great heart fell in love with and married Theresa Houck, loved and raised 10 children, built a large and successful ranching operation in Mason Valley, and gained him the friendship and respect of everyone he met.

Eddie was born to Roland and Virginia Snyder and was joined in a few years by little sister, Yvonne. A childhood during the great depression instilled frugality, hard work, and self-sufficiency in Eddie. He was active in 4H and FFA, serving as Nevada State President of both of those organizations at the same time. He showed pigs, sheep, and cattle, participated in sports, attended school and worked on the ranch. After graduating, he attended Cal Poly, receiving an Associate Degree in Animal Husbandry.

In 1952 the Anaconda mine opened, bringing new people into the valley, including Jerry and Annie Houck and their daughter, Theresa. Annie and Virginia, the future mothersin-law, met each other before Eddie met Theresa. Annie returned from a bridge luncheon hosted by Virginia talking about the wonderful young man and how he had been so helpful to his mother as she hosted the ladies’ luncheon.

Eddie married Theresa Ann Houck on March 1, 1953. He served in the US Army in an artillery unit in Fort Sill, Oklahoma from 1954 to 1955 then served as a meat inspector in Fort Worth, Texas from 1955 to 1956. His first son, Jim Snyder, was born in Yerington while Eddie was in Chicago serving in the army. Ten more children followed, one who died as an infant. Eddie always valued education; all ten children graduated from college. Three of the ten continue to build the ranching legacy begun by Eddie. Jim, married to Bunny Barredo, is the farm manager of Snyder Livestock Company. He has two children, Audrey and Edward, and two grandchildren. Lucy, married to Dennis Rechel, manages the feedlot and is the company president. John,

married to Cindy Little, is the IT manager for the ranch. He has 7 children, Steven, Sarah, Jon, Darwin, Alexandra, Elita (in heaven,) and Michelle (in heaven.) He is blessed with 7 grandchildren. Eddie and Theresa’s other children have pursued varied careers and raised families in other parts of western Nevada and Northern California. Kelly is a paralegal at Stanford University and lives in Red Wood City, CA. Susan, married to George Yates, is a midwife and has 2 children, McKenzie and Connor. Susan and George live in Ripon, CA. Gina, engaged to Patrick Camp, has 3 children, Ryan, Katie, and Mathew and will soon add Patrick’s sons Patch and Joe to her family. Gina lives in Discovery Bay, CA and is the youth minister of the Catholic Church in San Ramon. Patrick (Snyder) has 1 son, Jeffrey. Patrick recently left the California business world to return to his ranching roots and is the managing owner of Pinenut Livestock Supply in Fallon and Gardnerville. David a retired Air Guard General and pilot for Fed Ex, married to Jennifer, has 1 daughter, Dakota. They live in Reno. Mary, Assistant County Executive Officer of Napa County, CA, has 2 children, Tawny and Clay. She has one grandson and a 2nd grandchild on the way. Jerry, an attorney in Reno, married to Kris, has a daughter, Elaina and a son, Niko. Theresa’s daughter, Kathy, a teacher in Phoenix, AZ became Eddie’s adopted daughter when mother and daughter were reunited. She has 4 children and 5 granchildren. Robert Allen, born on March 12, 1970 is in heaven. Eddie’s wife, children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren will miss the love that great heart always gave to his family.

Eddie had a big heart for his community and for ranching and farming neighbors. From his early days as leader of youth organizations through the end of his life, he believed in supporting his industry and in giving to those less fortunate. He was a member of 20-30 club. He joined Rotary and served as president of that organization. He served as a member of the Lyon County School Board and as a Director of the Federal Land Bank. He was a long time member of Nevada Farm Bureau, Nevada Cattlemen’s Association, and member of the Nevada Beef Council. He led dozens of ditch company meetings and served as a director of the Walker River Irrigation District, and was always active in industry and community activities.

The Snyder family asks that any donations be made in Eddie’s memory to the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, The Autistic Foundation, or to fund agricultural scholarships through the Nevada Ag Foundation.

Eat Lamb. Wear Wool.

In addition to food, sheep provide a wide array of things!

Words By Jennifer Whiteley Winnemucca, Nev.—There are over 1 billion domestic sheep in the world. They are most likely descended from the wild mouflon of Europe and Asia. They were one of the earliest animals to be domesticated for agricultural purposes. Initially, sheep were kept solely for meat, milk, and skins. Archaeological evidence suggests that selection for woolly sheep may have begun around 6000 B.C. Today, sheep are raised for their fleeces, meat, and milk throughout the world. Sheep husbandry is practiced throughout the majority of the inhabited world and is fundamental to many civilizations today.

In addition to food, sheep provide a wide array of raw materials, with wool being the most prominent. Wool was one of the first textiles. Wool has been a prized textile used in woven clothing since humans first spun the fibers of sheep’s wool into yarn in ancient Mesopotamia. Its scaling and crimp make it easier to spin the fleece by helping the indi-

Sheep are flock animals and strongly gregarious. All sheep have a tendency to congregate close to other members of their flock.

Sheep come in many different sizes and colors.

While white wool is desirable for large commercial markets, there is a niche market for colored fleeces, mostly for hand spinning

vidual fibers attach to each other, so they stay together. Because of the crimp, wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles, and they hold air, which causes the fabric to retain heat. Wool fibers readily absorb moisture but are not hollow. Wool can absorb almost one-third of its own weight in water. Wool absorbs sound like many other fabrics.

Wool has a high specific thermal resistance, so it impedes heat transfer in general. It ignites at a higher temperature than cotton and some synthetic fibers. It has a lower rate of flame spread, a lower rate of heat release, a lower heat of combustion, and does not melt or drip. Wool forms a char that is insulating and self-extinguishing, and it contributes less to toxic gases and smoke than other flooring products when used in carpets. Wool carpets are specified for high safety environments, such as trains and aircraft. Wool is usually specified for garments for firefighters, soldiers, and others in occupations where they are exposed to the likelihood of fire.

In addition to clothing, wool has been used for blankets, horse rugs, saddle cloths, carpeting, insulation and upholstery. Wool felt covers piano hammers, and it is used to absorb odors and noise in heavy machinery and stereo speakers. Ancient Greeks lined their helmets with felt, and Roman legionnaires used breastplates made of wool felt.

Wool felted and treated with lanolin is water resistant, air permeable, and slightly antibacterial, so it resists the buildup of odor. Initial studies of woolen underwear have found it prevented heat and sweat rashes because it more readily absorbs the moisture than other fibers.

Researchers at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology school of fashion and textiles have discovered a blend of wool and Kevlar, the synthetic fiber widely used in body armor, was lighter, cheaper and worked better in damp conditions than Kevlar alone. Kevlar, when used alone, loses about 20% of its effectiveness when wet, so required an expensive waterproofing process. Wool increased friction in a vest with 28–30 layers of fabric, to provide the same level of bullet resistance as 36 layers of Kevlar alone.

Wool can be woven into thick fabrics with a deep, rich texture. It can make anything from very fine and silky threads to thick, coarse yarns. The resulting fabrics can range from thick, hairy, and coarse to extremely lightweight and smooth to the touch. In any form wool has a richness and body to it that even the finest cotton products can’t really match. Wool can withstand the rigors of daily use. Wool fibers can bend over 20,000 times before they break, whereas cotton can bend only 3,000 times—a clear benefit in performance socks, for example. But its durability doesn’t apply just to punishing use: wool’s ability to withstand wear while continuing to keep its shape and look good makes it a top choice for wool sport coats and suits.

Wool holds heat in extremely well, the fine hairs trap air and keep it in close where the body’s heat can warm it. Even a thin wool jacket or sweater adds a lot of warmth to you, especially when movement and exercise are keeping your core temperature up. Warm weather “tropical” wools have to be woven deliberately loose from very fine fibers to keep it from doing too good of a job insulating the wearer.

Wool is also highly water resistant. Untreated wools that still have the fatty lanolin from the original animal can be almost waterproof, and even fine wools give you some protection. Wool fibers are highly absorbent and can soak up around 20% of their weight in water before it starts to leak through. Sailors and fishermen in extremely wet and cold climates have traditionally worn tightly woven sweaters of raw wool for their protection.

If you want to stay warm and dry this winter, invest in some quality wool clothes!

A pullover from Iceland made from wool.

Champion Merino ram, 1905 Sydney Sheep Show.

Merino sheep are bred primarily for their wool.

Wool before and after scouring.

Editor’s note; Darlene’s special lamb stew recipe can be found in the “Taste of Hope” cookbook which is one of the fundraisers for the LaRena’s Race Cure for Cancer Organization.

For more info visit www.larenasrace.org.

To order a cookbook contact Amorita Maher at (208) 484-0136

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POLIOENCEPHALOMALACIA! Translation: CRAZY SHEEP Words By Sarah P Hummel, DVM Polio, professionally known as polioencephalomalacia in the veterinary world, is a condition that can affect all ruminants. The literal translation, for those interested in latin, is softening of the gray matter in the brain {Polio (gray) encephalo (brain) malacia (softening)}. Which brings us to the story of Mr. and Mrs. L. Mr. and Mrs. L from Fallon, Nevada lambed out a few hundred head of ewes this spring. A couple of weeks ago they started noticing their sheep acting funny at first. Initially the signs were subtle. They would gaze up at the sky like they were looking at the stars even though it was the middle of the day, and let’s face it, sheep are not known for their astrological curiosities. The condition of these lambs quickly deteriorated and the became blind and then recumbent (they could not rise). Then they would eventually die. The sheep ranchers tried various remedies including shots of B12, also known as thiamin as they suspected polio and that is the treatment for the disease.

After several lambs died and none had responded to the treatment, they sought veterinary advice. Dr. Raymond Cooper and myself, Dr. Sarah Hummel at Lahontan Valley Veterinary Clinic went to work trying to figure out what was killing these lambs. We were confused because the symptoms looked like Polio, but the owner was treating with thiamine. Other neurological conditions that look very similar include: Lead poisoning, infectious encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), listeriosis, ivermectin toxicity and salt poisoning. So we set to work to find out the cause. We did a necropsy (autopsy for animals) on two lambs that were

showing severe neurologic signs and could no longer walk. Nothing looked abnormal to the naked eye so we sent off multiple samples to get processed at a lab so pathologists (experts in how diseases occur) can look at the cells and tissue structure under a microscope. A fun, unique feature of this disease is that the brain will glow when held up to a black light. And these little lamb’s brains glowed!

The lab report came back and these lambs did indeed have polioencephalomalacia. But why weren’t they responding to the thiamin the owners were giving? The likely answer is they weren’t giving high enough doses. For sheep that are clinical for polio, it is good to give 3-5 grams (6-10 mls) of Thiamine a day split in 2 to 3 doses. These particular lambs probably became clinical for polio because they may have high sulfur levels in the water (tests pending) and their recent history of using Corid ® to control parasites in the flock. There are many causes of polio in ruminants but the basic categories are too little thiamine or too much sulfur which binds thiamine.

Case closed for Mr. and Mrs. L. They got the answer, have a treatment plan, and a plan to avoid such death loses in the future.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask!

Sarah P Hummel 775-530-4137 sarahhummeldvm@yahoo.com

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

Dog Tale Ranch – Arlette and Allen Seib Words By Heather Smith Thomas Courtesy Photos

“Working with nature, not against her, has always been my motto. I am an avid fan of natural rhythms of farming and ranching,” says Arlette Seib. She and her husband Allen have a sheep farm in Saskatchewan.

up all of this type of information I could find. It was a combination of finding the information and looking at these 5 wooly animals in front of me; I decided to give this grass-based approach a try,” says Arlette.

“We actually started on a very different path,” she says. They purchased the land in 2004, but at that time it was crop land and a few parcels of native prairie.

Their farm is hilly and rough. There is still some native prairie in this region because it was too rough to break up and farm. “Why this was ever crop farmed is beyond us, because it really is land that was meant to be grass,” she says.

“We started out crop farming and it only took a couple years for us to become buried in debt, with a work load that was overwhelming. We began to wonder what we were doing this for. We had city jobs at the same time so we were working off the farm plus running the farm into the ground with what we were trying to do,” says Arlette.

“We realized we needed to change something, or we would not do well farming and probably were not going to stay together as husband and wife. We were not enjoying what we were doing.”

When they moved to the farm, she had dogs. “I’ve had dogs all my life, and at that time I had a border collie and was eager to buy a few sheep just to be able to work the dog. I bought 5 sheep in the winter of 2005 and played around with them and my dog. I enjoyed those sheep and started thinking about getting a few more sheep,” she says. By 2007 they began to turn some of the farmland into grass.

At that same time she was working in the College of Agriculture at the University of Saskatchewan. “I was always seeking agriculture information and I found several holistic management books including Allan Savory’s big textbook. I began to soak

14 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

“Now our entire land base is grass. We got rid of the machinery we had and now we just own one little, old tractor,” she explains.

She and Allen grow their own hay, but it is harvested by a neighbor who cuts and bales it in exchange for half the hay crop for his cattle. “This allows us to maintain very minimal equipment and run our farm with very low input,” she says.

There were no fences on the property; it was in crops. “We’ve had to borrow some equipment to get some jobs done, but we’ve been able to do that, and maintain a low input/low cost method. We were still trying to get out from under a huge debt load and go a different direction,” Arlette explains.

When she learned about holistic management she started reading more about it. “There was not a lot of information about doing this with sheep, so it’s been a learning experience. Sheep are a bit different to handle than cattle and prefer different forage plants. It was trial and error, learning as we went, but the basic principles are the same.”

Allen and Arlette have had sheep for 13 years. As they were growing the flock and establishing fences, they used a lot of temporary fence and netting. “We had some strips set up to do strip grazing and during lambing I was doing a lot of rotations to keep the sheep moved to new, clean areas as they lambed. Today, however, we don’t use much fencing. We’ve changed our fencing infrastructure to a woven-wire style. We’re doing that on the perimeter and using less of the temporary fence that we have to haul around,” she says.

“With the sheep, the temporary fencing it took to graze a large flock was pretty labor intensive to haul around and set up every 2nd or 3rd day. We now have the place fenced into quarter sections and some are broken down into 80-acre parcels. This is much more manageable, to just put the large flock into one of those parcels. If I wish, I can always put a temporary fence across the 80-acre pasture and cut it down to 40. We do some rotational grazing, but it’s not intensively managed,” she explains.

The Sheep – The flock has evolved along with the grazing management.

Their sheep are a commercial wool breed. “We started with North Country Cheviot/Clun Forest cross ewes and then added a few purebred Corriedale ewes. We have kept the Clun influence but diminished the Cheviot influence. What we have right now are Clun Forest Corriedale crossbreds and we really like those two breeds. The maternal instincts in the Clun Forest is a benefit because we are lambing on pasture,” Arelette says.

“We are hands off, so they have to do it on their own. We do check them, and help a ewe in trouble, but they do not come into barns; there are no buildings here. The flock we have now has really good maternal skills, and those skills are tested on pasture. There are no jug pens to hold them to their lambs or allow a shepherd to easily interfere. In this way we know we are producing the kind of ewes we want to retain in our flock. You find out pretty quickly whether they have a good maternal instinct or not, and that’s what

we seek. Our flock has developed into hardy, easy keepers. These ewes live on pasture year round and raise their lambs on pasture,” she says.

The flock lambs on pasture from mid-May through June. “Our method of pasture lambing is drift lambing (moving the group frequently to new pasture), which allows a single shepherd to manage the flock during lambing. We dock tails and castrate male lambs by banding,” she says.

The Corriedale is a docile breed so this cross makes the sheep less flighty, and also produces nice wool fleeces. “This breed also lends a bit more flocking instinct to the herd; the Clun Forest sheep can be very independent. Because of predators, we need our sheep to stay together as a flock. They are also easier to manage,” says Arlette.

“We do not feed grain, pelleted feed, or creep feed. We keep the sheep grazing as long as is suitable for grass health. We utilize stockpiled forage and swath gazing when grass begins to run out. As we go into our coldest winter months we feed a grass/alfalfa hay, rolled out on the ground. We provide plenty of feed during cold months since we are not offering any other supplemental feed,” she explains.

She feels that a good mineral program is important in helping keep the flock healthy.

“We follow the program laid out in Pat Coleby’s book, Natural Sheep Care, with adjustments made for our place and for the sheep. Our deworming protocol is to selectively deworm just the individual animals who need treatment. The last whole-flock deworming treatment was back in 2007, when we switched to our current mineral plan. We are convinced that focusing on the ewe flock rather than on maximizing lamb production is why we have a flock of ewes that require very little in the way of routine treatments. If the ewes are well kept, the lamb crop will be good.”

She and Allen have a few cattle, to raise their own beef. They have debated about whether to add more cattle, and this may be another option to look at later.

The Dogs – Arlette has Australian Kelpie stock dogs, though she had border collies when she started. “I use either breed and use them on pasture moves, lambing checks, bringing the flock in for sorting or moving rams around. The dogs are also very useful at shearing time,” she says.

She and Allen don’t have children, but they have a lot of dogs. “These dogs have a nice working life and cozy up to us on the couch afterward. They are like our family. We are just two people here, so the flock needs to be managed by one or two of us at most. The dogs are valuable for helping us; otherwise taking care of the sheep would be a lot more time-consuming and probably cause a lot of anguish and upset!” The dogs are much better than a hired person.

“I greatly enjoy the working dogs. The other dogs we rely on are our guardian dogs because we are out on the prairie with predators. We don’t have very many large predators like wolves or cougars, but we have plenty of coyotes,” she says.

“The guardian dogs are remarkable and I find them more fascinating than the stock dogs.

They taught us the concept of coexistence with wildlife and predators. When we first got the guardian dogs it took trial and error to learn how to use them and arrive at a place where we had the right number of dogs and the right balance. It’s a steep learning curve, but it’s been great to finally get there,” Arlette explains.

Working With The Land

– “It’s partly due to the high cost of land and having to make our use of it profitable and sustainable, but in many instances farmers and ranchers have erased Nature entirely.” Somewhere down the road this bites us when we take Nature out of the picture because we create a debt we can’t repay unless we correct it with a balance of livestock and plants. A person can’t just crop the land forever and assume it will remain productive.

“Agriculture is in the middle of that huge debt right now, and feeling that crunch. Some people are wondering if we can turn this around. I am hopeful, realizing we’ve got to turn it around. Some of us are doing it on a small scale. It can be done, and it is very satisfying to do it,” says Arlette.

She and Allen have seen some positive results of their holistic efforts. “We had some decent weather years when we planted the grass, so the grass established well.

Then we had some years when this place flooded, and that’s when we began to transition our fencing. At first we had high-tensile electric fencing, but that didn’t work with the flooding. The sheep were going everywhere,” she says.

“Our goal is not for the dogs to be out there killing coyotes; they just need to be here so that the wildlife can be somewhere else. The dogs’ presence is enough deterrent and this allows for coexistence. Wildlife can still pass through our place and be in certain areas.

They can be over here for instance when the flock is over there, in another pasture, and then they can switch places,” she says.

That forced their transition into different fencing and now they like their new methods. Positive benefits often emerge/evolve out of bad situations. “You start to look for these things; it’s part of how your philosophy changes with this type of management.

You think that some things are really detrimental and wish they weren’t happening, but you realize there is a solution and maybe another option you hadn’t thought about and you just need to find it. Once you view everything as a whole you start to look for different reasons, different solutions, and keep away from the negative.” There is always something that will work; you just need to figure it out.

“This opened our eyes to what coexistence really means. We don’t have to kill everything that plagues or pesters us. There are other ways to approach it, and this has also spilled over into other areas of how we might approach different aspects of what we do.” This is part of the holistic outlook.

Their plan is to continue, but they are debating whether to double the size of the flock. “What we are doing now is very manageable. We waver back and forth every year on what we should do but for right now we are maintaining what we’ve got and enjoying it.”

It allows a person to use the resources at hand. “I find that we can learn a way to work with what is here, and how best to utilize it. We have a certain type of land and have to find the best use for it, and learn what animals we might graze here, rather than trying to change the land or the animals.” It’s a matter of working optimally with what you are given, and bringing it to its best use.

W o o l A r t i s t r y – “We raise lambs to market, but we also

appreciate the wool. I am a fiber artist, working with wool to create pictures and art. This is something I enjoy and this new business is starting to pick up. I market my work through social media and my website: woolstoneprairie.com “I’ve also done a lot of blogging about my flock. This has been a journal about raising sheep and I’ve turned it into a website where I can show my artwork as well. The art has been unique and interesting, and it goes back to using what we have and realizing I had this wool—with so much potential.” It’s another crop off the farm.

“I have a growing amount of commissioned work; more people are interested,” says Arlette. “It’s been fascinating to watch this unfold,” she says. It’s also another way to help educate more people about what she and her husband are doing holistically.

16 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

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Meet McKenzie Molsbee A CattleWomen Series Produced by Ruby Uhart www.rubyuhart.com My name is McKenzie Molsbee, wife to Jason for 10 years and mom to two boys, Easton (9) and Cavin (7). I grew up on my family ranch in northeastern Nevada. I am the 5th generation. We live in O’Neil Basin at the base of the Jarbidge Mountains. We are 2 ½ hrs from our closet shopping town which is tied between Twin Falls, ID or Elko, NV but because of Costco we go to Twin Falls. Our shopping days, similar to most other ranching families, are long, long, long days always involving a stroll to Costco. We try to limit our town runs to once a month.

We are fortunate to have my folks and grandma living at the ranch also. When the kiddos were little, they would stay with my folks while we made the run. Now, we try to make every other trip where we stay the night and give the kids a chance to swim in the hotel pool. When I was growing up my parents made sure we did the same thing which has always stuck with me. Yes, we have irrigation ditches, head gates, and the creek but the water is still barely above the “snow melt” feel and it’s nice breaking up the town run trip with a special night in the pool.

I went to elementary school in a one room school house in Jarbidge. My mom was the school teacher. When my brother went to high school we moved to Wells where my mom got a teaching job at the elementary school and we finished high school there. Growing up we weren’t the typical cattle operation.

We also have a lodge and guests were a big part of the ranch. My grandparents also raised horses and we ran a stud bunch throughout all of my childhood. I remember having to pack a stick every time we had to ride through the pasture where they were kept. When I was about twelve, the ranch entered in Holistic Management. Riding changed at that time. We needed to move the cows around in a rotational grazing system which included more animal numbers.

When we first started there were not as many allotment divisions as we have now so riding happened every day. Part of the grazing allotments run up onto the Jarbidge Wilderness where there is no back-boundary fencing. The wilderness is rugged, big, and well watered. Cows and riding are in my blood. My parents let me ride at a young age with the cowboys who were working for us.

I would be the pesky kid tagging along, I’m sure they thought, but I would quiz them or my dad constantly to learn the country. I wanted to know it like my dad and grandpa knew it and be able to go everywhere I was sent.

I went to several educational workshops with my dad throughout my high school years; Holistic Management, Bud Williams Low Stress Stockmanship School, several horse clinics, and Livestock Marketing Class. We had pressure from an environmental group trying to stop livestock grazing within an allotment but I was seeing the positive change on the land that was happening from grazing with more numbers and shorter duration. That made my decision to go to college for a range management degree from Utah State. I originally wanted to be a private consultant to ranchers to help combat those environmental activist groups that were wanting livestock removed from the West. However, I discovered that I did not enjoy monitoring although I did love the knowledge behind it. I was always pulled back to cows, land, and horses.

Before Jason and I got married we attended a Ranching for Profit class

18 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

which set the spark to eventually dive into our own livestock enterprise and more knowledge in the think tank for coming into the family operation. In 2009, we had the opportunity to come back to the ranch to manage the cattle operation. We moved onto my family’s ranch, Cottonwood, the year we were married. At the time we were living in Crescent Valley where Jason was working for the Dean Ranch. Being owned by Barrick Mines meant the typical ranch lifestyle was very much altered to comply with their safety regulations. I was not allowed to ride in the pickup truck with Jason even to run out and check the pivots.

We knew it just wasn’t going to be the long-term lifestyle we were wanting going into marriage and eventually starting a family.

When Jason and I came to the ranch they were running a cow/ calf operation and retaining calves to run as yearlings. The ranch had room for more livestock during the growing season and it had always been a goal of ours to own our own livestock so in the fall of 2009 we bought into 500 head of calves. We went through Farm Service Agency for the funding. When we pitched them our proposal, they thought we were a little crazy and they had never funded a business proposal for buying calves to run as yearlings but somehow, they accepted. This was the beginning. We had to buy them late that fall and carry them through the winter but O’Neil Basin was not the ideal spot for running sick, pieced together calves coming from all different places. We needed a more accessible and affordable winter spot. We spent that first winter in a borrowed 5th wheel outside of Winnemucca along the Humboldt River. I was pregnant with our first son. We continued down that path of buying calves in the fall and selling as yearlings the following year for about 3 years. Every winter we had to find new winter pasture and live away from the ranch where our calves were. If we weren’t doing that we were driving back and forth and after Cavin was born we decided we wanted to stay home at the ranch during the winter months. We changed out of the yearling operation and bought into cows. Currently, we own and run a cow/calf operation at the ranch and an A.I. program on the heifers. In 2017, we went into partnership with Jason’s parents and started a registered Red Angus program.

We wanted to supply our commercial side with part of the bull inventory. We still have a long way to go to get our Red Angus program exactly how we want it but it’s been a fun side enterprise to tinker on. Eventually we would like to private treaty a few bulls every year. We have learned to work livestock together better. Communication is key and a few walks out of the corral and “leave you to your onesies” moments never hurt either. Making sure we value each other’s game plan and at least hearing each other out helps.

A typical day for us changes with the different seasons. The boys are enrolled in an online public charter school so during school season I spend the majority of the day helping with their school work. I always start my mornings with coffee and catching up on the news before the kids wake and it’s on to breakfast and school. I try hard to have the boys start their school days about 8:30. Fall is a hard time to get a routine down. My friend, Jessica and I do big game packouts during the hunting season so sometimes we are both pulled away for that and Jason is gone all season with the guiding business. I also usually help with the cooking in the fall for the hunters staying in the lodge. Throw our main

“Remember to cherish the old traditions at the same time as bringing in the new.” -MM

business on top with livestock and the days are usually busy and it is by far my most stressful time of the year. A summer day still consists of coffee in the mornings but then regular ranch chores begin. Days are filled with riding and moving cows to the next allotments, irrigating, fencing, running horses, A.I. heifers, moving electric pasture fences in meadows, and of course our favorite… brandings! My favorite time of year is late spring. We start calving out our heifers in April. I love seeing the new babies hit the ground.

Our main cows are outside on a BLM allotment which means feeding is less time consuming. The countryside is greening up and the sun once again holds warmth when it does show its face. Brandings start popping up and getting back in the saddle is always a welcomed soreness. My absolute favorite thing about ranch life is the variety within the days and seasons. Winter will eventually end and change into spring activities and new life. Spring’s crazy schedule will morph into summer must dos intermixed with playtime days. Then there is fall. Riding through the mountains with new crisp fall air and vibrant colors lifts the spirit for the crazed stress filled days ahead. And then winter returns and it’s a sigh of welcomed calmness and a time to recoup. All is experienced surrounded by family and each season brings new understandings and learning opportunities to have with the boys.

It seems like we are always thrown a curve ball from time to time but one sticks out in my mind the most. I am reluctant to share so please don’t judge. I won the “Mom of the Year” award when Cavin was 4. We had gone 6 years since Jason and I returned to the ranch with mild winters. Well the winter of 2016 was one for the record books across the West. We had hay hauled in for the cows but enough for a 90-day feed season not 120 days. Things came tight.

We had hay bought in Idaho but semi-trucks were snowed out of the Basin.

Every time the county road crews came, wind would blow the road shut again.

The snow berm along the road was wide enough for a pickup and as tall. Then the warm up came and it took our piled road snow and made rivers down the county road. Our side of the Basin still held on to the snow but toward Highway 93 the road was gone. It would be a long time until the road was made passable.

Without so many of our surrounding neighbors’ support we would have been in lots of trouble. We are very thankful to have such great people around us. That was a long background story but, we had to turn cows out early. The south facing slopes on one of our BLM allotments were bare enough we had to take the cows everyday out across the snow to the exposed feed. Cavin, 7 dogs, and I had that job one morning. We could travel the country road with the ATV while the dogs swung out around the cows in the brush. I parked the four-wheeler on the road with Cavin and was just walking over to where the dogs were moving the cows up the hill. I was focusing on each foot placement as I walked across so wasn’t really paying attention to cows in front until I heard the noise……..

All 7 dogs on one mad red angus cow. This cow was looking for anything to mow over in her path. This all sounds like I might have had decent amount of thinking time but I really didn’t. She came at me with me having enough time to put my hands out and jump to the side as she blew snot running by me with her old head bowed like they get when start to get hot blooded in the corral. I had NO idea that Cavin was right behind me just enough that when I stepped to the side as she blew by, she now had a new target. She nailed him straight on, knocking him clean out of his snow boots. Honest to goodness truth, his snow boots stayed in the snow as he was thrown out. She stopped a little way past us and I was worried she was going to come again so I quickly gathered my

crying little boy and his boots up and ran to the four-wheeler.

He miraculously did not have any life-threatening injuries. He kept saying his “tooth was dulling” so we took him to the dentist and the old red cow did split one of his molar teeth to the root so we had to have that removed. The dentist asked “so you moved out of the way and your son got run over?” “Yes,” was all I could say. We definitely were the first for them. I do not feel too proud that I moved out of the way for my four-yearold to get mucked out but we can all smile about it now.

One of our most memorable times comes during 4th of July celebration… not always celebrated on the exact day of the 4th due to our friends and family who have more fixed work schedules. It really goes back to when my dad was a kid growing up at the ranch.

They used to have a big rodeo event with close to 400 people attending until things got a little wild and they decided to take a break from hosting a big 4th of July event. It’s been in the last 10 years or so that we again started picking our old tradition yet in a slightly different way and it grows every year. We have a 4th of July party where everyone coming is required to enter a float in our spectator-less parade. Tractors, ATVs, trucks, trailers, jeeps, go carts, horses, and our VFD fire truck all sporting red, white, and blue decorations file out our main gate to do a loop that ends in our meadows. A water fight is always given with the top victor usually the fire truck. We all stand in a circle for the Pledge of Allegiance, patriotic songs, and salute to our veterans and those still serving. It is very powerful and moving to all be standing together 70 miles from the nearest town to celebrate our country. The parade is following by a potluck dinner, pit cooked pig or lamb and fireworks.

We have to roll with the flow and be flexible for the curve balls thrown at us.

And living this far from town we have to have extras of everything; dog food, hay, groceries, etc. especially for the long blustery winter days. Sometimes going “with the flow” is something I struggle with. I have a very planned, organized demeanor and being thrown off my plan always rattles my cage. You just have to ask my husband that one! One fall day when I felt like my world was falling apart and my husband was gone guiding my neighbor/friend told me, “It will all buff out, it always does.” I had no idea how much that little saying would replay itself to get me through the tough times.

I believe ranch life has its own different stress levels. It is the stress factors that we are used in rural life but are very different from urban. Perhaps one difference might be that we don’t have the ability to leave our work at the workplace. It surrounds us daily and at all hours. Sometimes I envy an 8 to 5 job but the thought is always fleeting.

It is important to share our story especially in today’s society. The ranching voice is not loud enough to ride over the dominant influence of the extreme environmental activist groups. We need to show and demonstrate good stewardship of the land and resources done within our industry. It is essential to show the value that livestock and ranching has on the landscape and have that positive picture painted within the minds of the urban communities who see and hear the negative. We are in a unique position to be able to have a positive direct impact on the land and resources surrounding us and to use what we do in our everyday lives to create a positive influence.

If you’re interested in ranch life, go for it! Learn as much as you can. Be progressive and open minded. Remember to cherish the old traditions at the same time as bringing in the new.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 19

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Sheep in Nevada An Excerpt From The Nevada Historical Society’s Summer 1965 Quarterly By: Clel Georgetta

2019 CROP & LIVESTOCK YEAR

“In this centennial year of Nevada’s history, signs of the times disclose that sheep have indicates he probably had over a hundred sheep on board played a far more important role in this State during the last one hundred years than they when he left Spain. From that small beginning vast herds of will play in the next century. For sheep in Nevada, the past is greater than the future. Spanish Merino sheep grew up in the West Indies and later Before discussing the past and the future of sheep, let us briefly consider the nature of the in Mexico. By 1800 there were many quite large herds at beast under consideration. Sheep are the most gregarious of all domestic animals. In many the various Catholic missions in California, but the greatest concentration of sheep in North respects they are like women. Where one goes, they will all go. What one does, they will America was in what is now the State of New Mexico. In 1800 there were no domestic all do. Women are like that. Even though women hate women, they usually flock together. sheep in Nevada, as far as any records disclose. The sagebrush flats, foothills, and mountain Hardly ever does one woman go traveling alone. If a husband is not available for the trip, ranges of Nevada had never been marked by the tracks of sheep until about 1841.” she will talk two, three, four or more other women into going along with her. If one woman About Clel Georgetta shortens her skirt, they all do it. Shorter and shorter-until some dress manufacturer starts a fad clear down to the ankles, so all the women will have to buy new clothes because the This man has traveled many paths since he was born April 20, 1901. His early life was spent hem of the short dress does not have enough goods to let it out to the new length. If a few in White Pine County, Nevada, where he was a sheepherder, a cowboy, and later a rancher women wear silly hats, soon all women are wearing silly hats. Women are constantly trying who built a small ranch into a cattle and sheep empire spreading into four counties and two to “keep up with the Jones’.” Sheep will do whatever they see other sheep do, whether statesNevada and Utah. He has been a canal and reservoir builder, a prospector and a mine there is any sense in it or not. For example, when sheep are being run through a sparation operator, later a lawmaker as a member of the Nevada Legislature, and a soldier (Lt. Col.) in chute, if you put a board or stick across the pathway so the sheep have to jump into the air World War II. He is also a writer of western stories (Wool, Beef and Gold, Pac Books, 1956). to go over it-after the obstruction is removed, the rest of the sheep will still jump into the He is best known as a trial lawyer and a District Judge in Washoe County. Throughout all air at that place even though they see no obstruction at all. Sheep and women alike have his active and varied life he has never lost his love of the open range, as demonstrated by a fear of the unseen or the unknown. Both are timid and fearful at night. Sheep will balk this article “Sheep in Nevada.” and refuse to go into tall grass or thick brush they cannot see through.

Perhaps the way in which sheep and women resemble each other to the greatest degree is in the way each of them will respond to a crisis. Each of them will go nobly through a period of great stress and strain, and then HAVE YOU collapse when it is allover. When the house is on fire, a woman will remain SEEN... calm and collected. She will see that her children are safe, help the men get out clothing and furniture, and then later, after the fire is out, she will faint. Sheep are like that too. They will go hungry, or live off the bark peeled from cedar trees above the snow as they hang onto life through a long, cold winter, and then in the spring when the green grass comes they wiIllie down and die. In the last hundred years there have been several hard winters when many sheep died in the spring. The velY first sheep in Nevada were, of course, the wild Bighorns that ranged in the Sierras and some of the north and south ranges near the center of the State; especially the Rubies in Elko County and the Grant 18 Sheep in Nevada Range in Nye County, where there are quite a number of Bighorns today. The North American Bighorns, as most hunters know, have a head and horns similar to some breeds of domestic sheep, but wool that more closely resembles goat’s hair. Close to the skin there is a thick layer of short, tight fleece, or wool, but on the outer surface the coat is composed of long, straight, and rather coarse hair. The North American Bighorn is a sheep, but completely unrelated to any breed of our domestic sheep. On the other hand, the wild Udal sheep of Western Asia and the Mouflon sheep of Southeastern Europe each have many of the general characteristics of domestic sheep. The Merino is a direct descendant of the wild Urial sheep of Central Asia, but was further developed in Spain some time prior to the days of Columbus. The Merino has the strongest flocking instinct of all breeds of domestic sheep.

Crop, Forage and Livestock Insurance Options for Nevada Producers Where one goes, they all go, even to a leap to death over a cliff. This strong Are you aware of recent insurance programs to protect your crop, forage and livestock for the 2020 year? Insurance can be a great way to flocking instinct made the Merino a desirable sheep for open range herding mitigate risk in your agricultural operation. Insurance Products Sales Closing Date start in October for the 2020 crop year. because one, or a few alone, would not stray far from the main herd. They See guide for a listing of all closing dates. Below are some specific insurance product closing dates. do not have the inclination to ramble and roam as a Hampshire sheep will Alfalfa Seed: October 31, 2019 For more information about the insurance products available, sales closing dates, and a listing of agents, see the Crop do whenever the herder or the dog is not blocking departure from the Forage Production: October 31, 2019 and Livestock insurance guide at the link below. crowd. The first domestic sheep on the American continent were Merinos Pasture, Rangeland and Forage: November 15, 2019 http://www.unce.unr.edu/cropandlivestockguide/ brought from Spain by Columbus on his second voyage. When he landed Wheat: October 31, 2019 Whole Farm Revenue Protection: March 15, 2020 Or Call (775) 945-3444, ext. 1033, for an Insurance Guide. on Santo Domingo on November 3, 1493, he unloaded from one ship some sheep to establish a colony there, and then later unloaded more sheep at a second landing. I have found no record of the number of sheep Columbus had with him, but the fact he also took sheep to Cuba on the same voyage Risk Management Agency

22 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

INSURANCE OPTIONS FOR NEVADA PRODUCERS

Borda L and & S heep

s Lana ’ i n a L – ch Estill Ran Wool t e l l i u o b Fine Ram Your resource for Nevada’s rich selection of locally-grown food www.NevadaGrown.com We are a diversified livestock operation raising cattle, lamb, hay, and, of course – wool.

The Bare Ranch was the first ranch settled in Surprise Valley at the eastern foot of the Warner Mountain Range. It was on the route that Peter Lassen scouted for pioneers to travel to California during the Gold Rush. The trade route later became a ranching community. The Bare Family settled here and the ranch still bears their name. The fourth generation of the Estill Family is now actively involved in the ranch operations. Lani’s Lana is the dream and creation of Lani Estill who loves wool and is a fiber artist. The development of a line of yarn was a natural extension of the ranching business and Lani’s love of wool and natural fibers.

Our wool is grown in sustainable, natural methods rooted in tradition with respect for earth, animals, people and the product created for future generation…full circle, natural, with no harmful dyes or chemicals.

Our goal is to offer a product that is produced right here in Northwest Nevada and Northern California, a product that is often only imported from countries far away. Although we sell in bulk to companies like Pendleton Woolen Mills, we have an amazing superfine wool that is just so good, that home spinners and fiber artists should be able to access it. too. Please take a minute to visit our website to see all the fine yarns that are available. www.lanislana.com

The Borda Family has kept the Basque tradition of sheep herding alive in Northern Nevada for more than 100 years. Raymond Borda left the old country in 1912 to herd sheep in the Dayton Valley and started his own sheep business and ranch there in 1921. After first working in other professions, Borda Land and Sheep is now run by third generation family members Joyce Borda Gavin, Angie Borda Page and Ted Borda. The trio believes it’s important to keep their family’s heritage and tradition alive. Borda Land and Sheep is one of only a few large sheep ranchers still operating in Western Nevada and the only one of Basque heritage.

The family runs about 3,000 Merino/Rambouillet sheep every year and another 3,500 lambs. The wool they produce is considered among the best in the country. The family is also dedicated to providing the best quality meat to American Lamb enthusiasts.

In the springtime, the Borda sheep can often been seen grazing the hillsides of the Sierra Nevada. Working with local, state and federal agencies, more than 2,000 sheep and lambs graze thousands of acres of land around Carson City and nearby areas to reduce the fire risk.

Lamb lovers can buy Borda lamb at Butcher Boy in Reno, NV. It can also be found on select local restaurant menus.

k o o b p a r c S g n i h Ranc Sheep WagonsThe Original Tiny House Words and Photos by: Jennifer Whiteley

Photo by: Debbie Armuth- Ramon Zugazaga of Elko shows off an ancient sheep wagon he traded to Dave Armuth for one Armuth had already refinished. The bones of this wagon, including running gear and irons are being used in Armuth’s current project.

Original In-Gate. The In-Gate is a door to storage under the bed of the sheep wagon. It is located at the back of the wagon. Often, grain, clothes or even young lambs were hauled in this portion of the wagon as sheepherders moved camps.

Lamoille, Nev.-- In the late 1860’s, sheepherders needed shelter and functionality. They needed a place to live that was mobile to protect them from the harsh winters and hot summers of the Wyoming range.

Hence, the first tiny houses on wheels originated in Wyoming. Sheep Wagons were drawn by horse to a remote pasture where the sheepherder would sleep, cook and live until the sheep exhausted the grass and the flock and shepherd would move to greener pastures. These tiny homes on wheels provided a dry place to sleep, a stove to warm next to on a chilly morning, and a comfortable place to eat a meal.

Time and modern convenience have changed many things. Fences, modern campers, and 4-wheel drive vehicles have made herding sheep somewhat easier. A team of horses is no longer required to pull a wagon. Rubber tires replaced wooden wheels and sheet metal replaced the original canvas covered top. Whether by design or accident, the sheep wagon retained its original interior configuration because the space worked so efficiently. Even though a lot less today, sheep wagons are still being used by herders in Wyoming, Nevada, Colorado and Utah.

But you are more likely to spot one of these historic marvels restored and used as a guest room, an office or a distinctive yard ornament. The Sheep Wagon represents a symbol of a significant cultural artifact of the historic sheep industry.

Everything in a sheep wagon had a function. The rear window enabled the sheepherder to look out from his bed to check on the flock, and usually had a gun hanging over the window. The Dutch door in the front of the wagon allowed the top half to be opened to regulate the temperature of the wagon or allow the sheepherder to listen to his flock, yet the closed bottom half kept out unwanted animals. The top half of the door was also opened so that the sheepherder could stand in the doorway and drive his team of horses or mules. Each wagon was equipped with a cook stove that also served as a heat source. It was not unusual to see a broom and shepherd’s hook attached to the front of the wagon or a dishpan dangling from the door.

Today there is a huge market for restored sheep wagons. Dave Armuth of Lamoille, Nevada is in the process of restoring his 2nd sheep wagon as a hobby. He did a partial trade on the first wagon he restored, for an old wagon from Ramon Zugazaga. Here he shares his progress on the wagon rebuild.

Running gear already painted and ready to go, just needs the sheep wagon set on top.

Sheep wagons are a model of efficiency. Here we are looking towards the back of the wagon, where the bed will lie. A slide out table made from cedar slides away when not in use. Drawers also slide out from under the bed. Armuth’s grandson Jackson peeks in from the In-Gate.

This sheep wagon is a Keyhole wagon. You can tell by the keyhole shape the wagon makes. The green irons are original irons from the Zugazag sheep wagon.

The bows and stretchers of this wagon are made from ash and were ordered already shaped from Montana. Each end of the wagon has tongue in groove white oak paneling that was made from scratch by Armuth. Eventually, the wagon will be covered by canvas as were many original sheep wagons. On original sheep wagons, there were three layers of covering: a good heavy canvas on the outside; then a layer of coarse wool blanket for insulation; and a fancy-patterned oil-cloth inner lining.

At Left: Armuth show off his rebuilt In-Gate.

This Kerosene Can Crate is also original. Shepard’s used kerosene fuel for lights in the wagon. This ingenious crate tips out for easy can removal, and tips shut to secure the can while traveling.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 25

Checking in on Your Beef Checkoff

A Return on Your Investment Organizations such as the Cattlemen’s Beef Board and Nevada Beef Council regularly monitor the results of checkoff-funded programs and efforts to ensure their effectiveness. One important study recently conducted by the CBB measured the return on beef producers’ and importers’ investments into the national portion of the Beef Checkoff program* over the five-year period of 2014 to 2018, finding that the investment of the $1.00 per-head checkoff returns $11.91 to producer profit.

The primary objectives of this study were to measure the impact of CBB demand-enhancing activities on beef demand in the U.S. and in foreign markets, and to compare benefits to costs of CBB activities for producers’ and importers’ investments in the national checkoff program.

Through a thorough analysis of several factors and the creation of econometric models of the domestic and international beef markets, the research team was able to determine the impacts of important facts affective beef demand besides checkoff-funded activities, such as beef prices, income, exchange rates, and economic conditions in importing countries.

In addition to the return on investment of $11.91, the study found that, had there not been any domestic CBB demand-enhancing activities over the period studied, total domestic beef demand would have been 14.3% lower than actual. Similarly, had there not been any CBB contribution to USDA Foreign Agriculture Service and US Meat Export Federation foreign market development programs over the past five years, U.S. beef export demand would have been 5.5% lower than actual in the eight foreign markets studied here.

A full review of the study, titled “An Economic Analysis of the Cattlemen’s Beef Promotion and Research Board Demand-Enhancing Programs”, is available at www. beefboard.org.

Study Shows Premium in Cattle From BQA-Certified Producers While many producers across the nation and here in Nevada have participated in the Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) program because “it’s the right thing to do,” recent research indicates that there’s also a financial benefit. According to a study by the Beef Checkoff-funded BQA program and conducted by Colorado State University (CSU), results show a significant premium for calves and feeder cattle sold through video auction markets.

The research study “Effect of Mentioning BQA in Lot Descriptions of Beef Calves and Feeder Cattle Sold Through Video-based Auctions on Sale Price,” led jointly by CSU’s Departments of Animal Sciences and Agricultural and Resource Economics, was conducted to determine if the sale price of beef calves and feeder cattle marketed through video auction companies was influenced by the mention of BQA in the lot description. Partnering with Western Video Market, CSU reviewed data from 8,815 video lot records of steers (steers, steer calves or weaned steers) and heifers (heifers, heifer calves or weaned heifers) sold in nine western states from 2010 – 2017.

The result was a premium of $16.80/head for cattle that had BQA listed in the lot description. This value was determined by applying the $2.71/ cwt premium found in CSU’s statistical analysis to the average weight of cattle in the study data. When the BQA premium was constant on a per head basis, it implied higher weight-based premiums for lighter cattle (for example $3.73/cwt at 450 lbs/head) and lower premiums for heavier cattle ($2.24/cwt at 750 lbs/head).

“This study was a first of its kind opportunity to utilize advanced data analysis methods to discover if there was a true monetary value to participate in BQA,” said Chase DeCoite, director of Beef Quality Assurance.

“Study results clearly show that participation in BQA and BQA certification can provide real value to beef producers. It means that the initiatives within the industry are rewarding cattlemen and women who take action

to improve their operations and our industry.”

Additional study findings show that over the past 10 years, consistent frequency of BQA mentions have been included in the lot descriptions of cattle selling via video auctions. In some states, like Montana, the frequency of mentions has been fairly sizable and upwards of 10 percent or more of all lots of calves/yearlings offered for sale. Even without documentation of a premium in the past, the results imply that over time many producers have proactively chosen to highlight and emphasize their participation in BQA when marketing their cattle.

The results of the BQA value study emphasize the importance of transferring information from sellers to buyers as well as the importance of collecting BQA certification information during the auction process.

For more information on the study or to complete online BQA training, go to www. bqa.org/certification.

Latest Nevada Beef Council Campaign Launching This Month This September, the Nevada Beef Council (NBC) is launching its latest integrated marketing campaign designed to promote beef and encourage Nevada consumers to select this protein option at the retail level. Through a comprehensive campaign tying together beef and tailgating season, the NBC will feature ads in select media markets, launch a digital campaign, and offer cash-back rebates on select beef cuts on the popular mobile retail app Ibotta. By offering the rebate through Ibotta, consumers can shop for beef at any participating retailer in Nevada, qualify for the rebate by watching a video on the app, and receive the rebate via Paypal or gift cards.

Similar campaigns conducted by the NBC in the past have shown promising results and high consumer engagement. Stay tuned in the coming months for more detail on the results and highlights of our next campaign!

Learn more about the Nevada Beef Council at www.nevadabeef.org.

Spicy BBQ Chicken ! t a e Let’s Words and Photo By Jennifer Whiteley

Lamoille, Nev.—Summer has just flown by. I can’t believe it is already September. I hope everyone enjoyed their summers even though they were way too short! We spent lots of time in the saddle, checking cows, doctoring calves, moving cows, and just looking at cows!

The boys improved their roping skills and hit a couple youth branding contests. I did lots of cheering them on from the stands.

During the summer months, any type of routine we have goes right out the window. We have lots of late nights and early mornings. Add in the heat of the summer, and we don’t get many meals cooked in our house. It’s just too hot.

We use our grill or crockpot for most of our meals. This is one of my favorite main dishes during the grilling season. It is also great on pork chops and pork ribs as well.

Spicy BBQ Chicken Ingredients

¼ c. chopped onion 1 clove garlic, minced 3 tbsp. cooking oil ¾ c. catsup 1/3 c. vinegar 1 tsp. grated lemon peel 1 tbsp. lemon juice 1 tbsp. Worcestershire sauce 2 tsp. sugar 1 tsp. dry mustard ½ tsp. salt ¼ tsp. pepper ¼ tsp. hot pepper sauce Chicken

Enjoy!

Instructions

In a fire ring or other fire-safe container add 35 charcoal briquettes.

Light the briquettes and allow to heat up for approximately 20-30 minutes.

When flames are down and coals are hot, place over the hot coals a 10-inch cast iron Dutch oven.

Add olive oil into Dutch oven.

Stir in diced onions, bell peppers, Anaheim chili and jalapeño pepper.

Cook until vegetables start to soften, approximately 5 minutes.

Add ground turkey and garlic cloves to the vegetables and cook until meat is mostly browned.

Season with chili powder, cumin and salt.

Mix in beans, tomato sauce, diced tomatoes, chipotle chili and canned green chilis.

If your coals are too hot you might need more water.

Allow chili to simmer for at least 30 min or up to several hours. The longer the chili cooks, the more flavor the chili will have. If you are simmering the chili for hours, remove 10-15 coals from underneath the Dutch oven. Keep an eye on the coals and the heat while it cooks. You may need to add new coals if the old ones die out.

Mix together (per package directions) 1 box of cornbread mix, or your favorite recipe. There are brands that only require water to be added.

Spread cornbread batter evenly over the top of your chili.

Cover Dutch oven with lid and place approximately 16 hot coals on the lid.

Allow chili and cornbread to cook until cornbread is browned and done, approximately 20-30 minutes.

“SHEEP RULE AT IDAHO’S TRAILING OF THE SHEEP FESTIVAL” Unique Cultural Festival Celebrates All Things Sheep

History:

Sheep figure prominently in the history of man, providing him food and fiber for clothing. The story of sheep fills the pages of western Asia and European history. England and Spain were large producers in the middle ages and introduced the animals into the New World.

Those in the western United States were brought in by the Spanish throughSouth America and Mexico in the 16th and 17th centuries.

In the south west region of Idaho, it is said that John Hailey brought the first sheep into the Wood River Valley in the late 1860’s. At that time, Idaho recorded a breeding sheep population of 14,000. As the mines began to play out in the Wood River Valley, the sheep industry filled an increasingly large role in the local economy. By 1890, there were a reported 614,000 sheep in Idaho. A 1905 newspaper photograph of a shearing plant in neighboring Picabo states that 95,000 sheep were sheared that week. In 1918, the sheep population reached 2.65 million*, almost six times the state’s human population. (It was not until the 1970 census, after a large decline in the sheep industry and an influx of new residents, that human numbers finally exceed sheep in Idaho - 700,000 to 687,000.)

During this time, thousands of lambs were shipped by railroad from Hill City, Fairfield, Picabo, Bellevue, Hailey and Ketchum to markets around the west. As a major sheep center, Ketchum was second only to Sydney, Australia.

When Sun Valley was opening its winter ski resort in 1936, sheepman Jack Lane was holding forth at his general store in Ketchum. It served as the sheep center where ranchers congregated to swap stories about prices and weather. Today, the building is still located at the corner of Main Street and Sun Valley Road and houses Enoteca, a fine dining restaurant.

During the depression, when lamb prices plummeted, Lane was one of the few who extended credit to the sheepmen. It took some men four or five years to pay off their debts but Lane stuck by them. Of this famous gathering place Jack Lane’s son Pete recalled, “They had telegrams come in daily with different livestock prices from Omaha, Chicago, Sioux City, Saint Joe, Kansas City and later on Denver and Ogden. It was a whole life of fraternity...there was tremendous competition -- not so much for the price you got, but the weight of your lambs and how good they looked. It was a real pride in doing business.”

In this region of Idaho, the Scots, men like James Laidlaw, were among the first to settle into the sheep business successfully. Laidlaw arrived in the region with only the clothes he wore. He worked as a herder and took his pay in sheep. When he had gathered enough animals, he started his own operation in the Muldoon area bringing in relatives and friends from Scotland to homestead and to work with him. He went on to distinguish himself developing some of the finest lambs in the state including the Panama breed, which he created crossing a Lincoln ewe and Rambouillet buck. He is credited with bringing the first Suffolk sheep into Idaho.

Today, the headquarters of the Laidlaw ranch has been incorporated into Flat Top Sheep Company, sheep outfit started by John Thomas (later U.S. Senator) in the 1920’s. Today it is run by the third and fourth generation of Thomas’ family, John and Tom Peavey.

In addition to the Scottish influence, the role of the Basques in the sheep industry was critical to its success. They began to arrive in the U.S. from their homeland in northern Spain in the mid-1850. They came in response to the gold rush but soon they began migrating around the west finding jobs as sheepherders. Their hard work dependability it possible for sheep operators 28 and THE NEVADA made RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 to leave large

Photo Credit: Michael Edminster numbers of sheep in lonely and remote mountain pastures in their attentive care.

Many Basques stayed on in this country often beginning their own sheep operations - the Cenarrusas, Etcheverrys, Guerrys and Oxarangos among the others.

Today, most Idaho herders are Peruvian. There are some Mexican, Chilean, and several Mongolian men as well In 1996, the Wood River Valley began this proud tradition of honoring the history and heritage of sheep ranching in the region.

The Wood River Valley and the West were experiencing tremendous growth.

Farms, ranches and open spaces were being lost to development at an alarming rate and economic losses were forcing families off the land.

“I was working on the Wood River Trail System, a paved Class I trail system, to connect all the communities in the Wood River Valley, explains former Executive Director of the Trailing of the Sheep Festival, Mary Austin Crofts. “When we needed some missing pieces of right of way to connect the Trail, I went to the local sheep ranchers to ask if they would agree to allow use of some of the sheep driveway that was dedicated in the early 1900s so sheep could move from southern Idaho through the Valley to summer grazing in the mountains. They graciously agreed,” Mary continued.

“But, after those sections of the trail were paved and the sheep came trailing through as they had done for 150 years, if you’ll pardon the expression, all hell broke loose. It was then that local sheep ranchers, Diane and John Peavey, decided it was time to tell the growing community of newcomers in the Wood River Valley about the place they had moved,” she added.

In the fall of 1996, the Peavey’s invited people to meet for coffee at a local café and then help walk with the sheep through the Valley to learn about this historic tradition of trailing the sheep in an effort minimize conflicts between users of the bike path and the sheep. Along the way, they shared stories of the rich history, heritage and cultures of the Wood River Valley. It was small, informal and educational. People loved it.

In 1997, the Peavey’s met with the local Sun Valley/Ketchum Chamber & Visitor Bureau (CVB) to discuss the idea of creating an event based on the sheep trailing.

Seeing the potential to turn a conflict into a celebration of cultural heritage and a unique fall event to attract visitors, the CVB quickly jumped on board with support and the Trailing of the Sheep Festival was born. Working with the Peavey’s, the CBV provided staff, ideas and the funding to create and promote a multi-day event that featured the Sheep Parade down Main Street in Ketchum, the Sheep Folklife Fair, Sheep Tales Storytelling, Lamb Dine-Around and other elements that remain an integral part of the Festival. The CVB, along with the Peavey’s and a

dedicated committee of volunteers, produced the event until 2003, when the non-profit Trailing of the Sheep Cultural Heritage Center was created to take over the reins and continue to develop the Festival into the future.

Celebrating its 23rd year in 2019, the Festival has expanded greatly from its humble beginnings, yet the goals and objectives of the Festival remain the same—preserving the stories and history of sheep ranchers and herders, celebrating the rich cultures of the past and present, and entertaining and educating children and adults about the production of local food and fiber that have sustained local economies for generations.

Over the years, the Trailing of the Sheep Festival has garnered its share of top accolades including being recognized as one of the Top Ten Fall Festivals in the World by msn.com travel, Top Ten US Fall Festivals by smartertravel.com, Top Animal Festivals in the World and Top Ten Fall Festivals by USA Today, One of the Greatest Cultural Events in the West by Northwest Travel and is the recipient of the Idaho Governor’s Award for Cultural Heritage and Cultural Tourism.

The Festival is five days of nonstop family events including multicultural performers, storytelling, culinary events and cooking classes, a Wool Festival, Championship Sheepdog Trials, a Sheepherders’ Ball and the Big Sheep Parade with 1,500 sheep trailing down Main Street in Ketchum, Idaho.

In 2018, the combined attendance at the five-day Festival topped 25,000 with people coming from 49 states and 15 foreign countries. The economic impact to the Valley during the Festival is nearly $4 million.

We invite you to join us this year for the 23rd Annual Trailing of the Sheep Festival - sheep, stories, music, food, hikes and history.

2019 Festival Highlights include:

For information, tickets, schedule of events and special lodging deals, visit www.trailingofthesheep.org.

Photo Credit: Michael Edminster

23RD ANNUAL

Presented by

OCTOBER 9-13, 2019

trailingofthesheep.org Sun Valley • Ketchum • Hailey, Idaho THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 29

Photo: Michael Edminster

• Big Sheep Parade with 1,500 sheep trailing down Main Street in Ketchum • Two-and-a-half days of Championship Sheepdog Trials with 110 of the county’s most talented border collies • Sheep Folklife Fair featuring the Basque, Scottish, & Peruvian dancers and musicians, sheep shearing, folk, fiber and traditional artists, children’s activities and more • Sheep Tales Gathering featuring a presentation on “Food as Culture” by New York Times bestselling food history author Mark Kurlansky (Salt, Cod, Milk, and his latest book, Salmon and the Earth) • Culinary Events with lamb tastings, Lamb Fest at the Fair, lamb cooking classes, Farm to Table Lamb Dinners, and partner Taste & Craft showcase of local and regional spirits, beer, wine and food • Wool Fest with classes and workshops • Hikes and histories featuring Idaho’s sheep ranchers and renowned storytellers • Sheep Jam party with food and live music by The Dusty 45s and Happy Trails closing party with Cindy & Gary Braun and the Carolyn Martin Swing Band in partnership with the Sun Valley Jazz & Music Festival

Who owns the west? The federal government owns nearly half of the land in Western states, compared to only 4% east of the Mississippi River. This creates a unique set of issues and challenges for those who make a productive life on the land.

History – Livestock Grazing on Federally Administered Land

Acts by The Government to Encourage Settlement

What is most commonly known as “public land ranching” has become a contentious issue in the modern American West. The practice is most accurately called “livestock grazing on federally administered land,” since the rights to the land’s natural resources, such as water, grass, and minerals, were mostly claimed as the lands were settled in the late 1800s. Those rights for use have been passed down, sold, and otherwise transferred among individuals and business entities, and remain in place to this day.

Several acts were passed by the government at different points in time to encourage people to head West, settle and make the land productive.

• In other words, those resources are not “public,” even though the land is administered by the federal government.

• This concept is what is known as “split estate,” which was proposed by President Theodore Roosevelt.

To understand the practice of grazing on federal lands and its role in today’s society, one must first consider the settling of the West and its importance in a developing nation.

Settling the West Settling the west and accessing its plentiful resources was of great importance in building the United States, but it was a task not suited for the faint of heart. To encourage settlement, the government passed several acts. In this day and age, the immeasurable strength and courage of the explorers and settlers are difficult to even comprehend. A great many of the original homesteaders couldn’t handle the trials and tragedies of frontier life. Those that stayed had a rare combination of determination, skill, and luck that laid the foundation for the West we know today.

Homestead Act of 1862 This act was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln. It offered 160 acres to those who would build a home and farm for five years. Settlers also had the option to buy the land after six months for the price of $1.25 per acre. This resulted in 80 million acres of western land being settled and claimed by 1900. If the settlers couldn’t make it for five years, the land reverted to the government to be offered again.

Desert Land Act of 1877 While the 160 acres available through the Homestead Act was sufficient for a functional operation in states with ample rainfall to grow good grazing forage, like Kansas and Nebraska, it soon became apparent that it was not enough land for settlers of arid western states. Thus, the Desert Land Act offered 640 acres. The Desert Land Act of 1877 amended the Homestead Act and specifically encouraged the settlement and cultivation of arid and semi-arid lands in states like Wyoming and Nevada.

Stock-Raising Homestead Act of 1916

Keeping the West

Later, the Stock-Raising Homestead Act of 1916 would also offer settlers 640 acres of western land that was deemed of no value except for livestock grazing and the growing of forage. Following the split estate concept, the government retained the mineral rights on those lands. In the most arid parts of the high desert, 640 acres is not enough for a viable operation, and thus, ranchers also grazed unclaimed land near their base properties.

In many cases, the descendants of those families that rose to the challenge of settling, surviving, and thriving in the frontier are still ranching today. This has come at immense multi-generational personal sacrifice that can only be justified by a deep and abiding love of life on the land. For it to be even suggested that they no longer have a place because “things change” is not only a disgrace and a dishonor to the very foundations of our nation, but also a danger to our economic base and food security in an ever-growing society.

It is important to understand the role of water rights in the settling and claiming of these lands. Many water claims were made prior to land claims under the Homestead Act or Desert Land Act and made all the difference in the ability of a homestead to succeed or fail. Betty Fussell wrote: “In the arid West, which at the beginning of the nineteenth century was named the Great Desert, water is the key to life, liberty, and property, which are more or less the same thing.”

30 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

Water Rights

First in Time, First in Right -Prior Appropriation Rights – Vested Water Rights Before water regulations were put in place by individual states, settlers had a well-established system of “first in time, first in right” claims to water.

• The first person to put water to beneficial use has the right to use the water first, even if they are located downstream from other users.

• This practice became known as establishing “prior appropriation rights.”

• Those first claimed water rights are known as vested water rights, and they are highly valuable and sought after, as is the property surrounding the water source.

Grazing Allotments With the founding of these organizations, grazing preferences were formally attached to the deeded base properties of established ranchers who were making beneficial use of rangelands, sectioned into parcels of land known as allotments. It is interesting to note that grazing preferences cannot be taken away as long as the rules of the Stock Grazing Homestead Act of 1916 are followed. Removal, reduction, or suspension of a grazing preference is subject to due process.

Grazing Allotments Are Not Free or Low Cost

• It was this water right ownership that helped develop areas of the west into productive family ranches that help to feed our country to this day. Those rights are tangible and owned assets that have been passed down, transferred, or sold through the decades.

The fact is that even while ranchers possess the grazing preferences that have been handed down or sold with base properties over the years, they still must pay for use every year and must follow the stocking rates, duration of grazing, and utilization rules of the overseeing agency.

Mining Act of 1866

• Stocking rate is the number of animal unit months (AUMs) permitted on an allotment. An AUM is one cow and her calf, one horse, or five goats or sheep.

Even though it is titled the Mining Act, it solidified ranchers’ water rights and land usage. The Act stated that “rights to the use of water for mining, agricultural, manufacturing, or other purposes… shall be maintained and protected.” The law also protects the right to convey water to where it can be put to beneficial use, such as through ditches and canals, as well as a surrounding fifty-foot right of way and forage right. Further, the law states that “homesteads allowed, shall be subject to any vested and accrued water-rights, or rights to ditches and reservoirs used in connection with such water rights.”

Taylor Grazing Act In the early 1900’s, regardless of how vested water rights shaped the use of the unclaimed range, the lack of formal organization and regulation of grazing resulted in less than ideal resource management and range wars. Thus, the Taylor Grazing Act of 1934 was passed to bring order to ranching unclaimed land in the west.

Grazing districts were created and the land within them could no longer be claimed under the Homestead Act.

Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Following the Taylor Grazing Act, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) was created in 1946 with the mission “to sustain health, diversity, and productivity of public lands for the use and enjoyment for present and future generations.” Their multiple use mandate includes: • Energy development • Mining • Recreation • Wildlife sustainability • Livestock grazing

Multiple Use Yield Sustained Act (MUYSA) and Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA) The Multiple Use Yield Sustained Act (MUYSA) of 1960 and the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA) of 1976 specifically reinforce the multiple use mandate for federally managed lands, ensuring that all Americans have a place, whether it be recreational or commercial. As well as countless recreational opportunities, BLM lands carry thousands of leases for gas, oil, coal, renewable energy, minerals, and helium. Currently, the BLM oversees grazing on 155 million acres, with around 18,000 permits.

• Duration of grazing is the time period in which the allotment will be grazed.

• Utilization is the percentage of forage livestock consume.

• Grazing fees are based on grazing of a specified number of animals for one month, known as an animal unit month (AUM). The fee is set yearly by a formula established by the Public Rangelands Improvement Act (PRIA) of 1978 and continued by a 1986 executive order by President Reagan. It uses a base value that is adjusted according to lease rates for private land grazing leases, beef cattle prices, and the cost of livestock production. The minimum fee is $1.35 per AUM. • The cost of AUMs differ greatly from federal lands to private lands. On federal lands, ranchers bear the costs of things like weed control and development and maintenance of fences and water resources but pay less per AUM. On private lands, the landowner bears those costs and so the price of an AUM on private land is more.

Responsible Grazing Is Essential to Family Ranches Conditions and circumstances such as drought or wildfire affect whether or not ranchers can turn out, but a good rancher truly does not need outside encouragement to use his grazing rights responsibly; if a rancher damages an allotment, it will affect the ability to turn out in following years and hurt the operation’s bottom line.

The sustainability of grazing on federal lands is easily demonstrated by the fact that the majority of ranchers engaging in the practice are on multiple-generation ranches that have been grazing the same land for decades. In addition, the grazing of federally managed lands has many and varied far-reaching benefits, contrary to common misconceptions perpetuated by special interest groups.

Stay tuned for part 2 coming in the October 2019 edition of the NV Rancher Magazine!

Protect the Harvest is a nonprofit group who works to protect our American heritage and traditions. For more information, visit www.ProtectTheHarvest.com or find them on Facebook.

United States Forest Service (USFS) The United States Forest Service (USFS) is the other federal agency that oversees grazing on federal lands. Its origins date back to 1876 when the United States Department of Agriculture was given the task of assessing forests in the US. After several shifts and expansions, President Theodore Roosevelt placed the care of the forests into the newly formed USFS in 1905. The USFS currently manages grazing on approximately 102 million acres, with 5,800 permits.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 31

Let’s Rodeo

Bulls No Luck Mini Bulls Hunter Maxwell (62) - $500.00 Team Roping Barak Freeman x Asher Freeman (3.93) $640.00 split Jimmy Filippini x Mike Mori (4.40) $480.00 split Jimmy Filippini x Daniel Eary (5.11) $320.00 split Broncs Lane Barton (76) 1st/2nd split - $490.00 Lane Johnson (76) 1st/2nd split - $490.00 Josh Harrer (74) - $280.00 Barrels Riata Goemmer (18.94) - $250.00 Mindy Goemmer (19.08) $150.00 Dally Goemmer (19.25)

Alan Malott picks up 2 feet in the men’s branding.

Steer Stop Katie Cavasin (2.47) - $250.00 Colleen Freeman (4.25) $150.00

2019 Carlin Branding and Buckaroo Bash Carlin, Nev.—The Annual Carlin Branding and Buckaroo Bash was held Aust 3rd, 2019 at the Carlin Equestrian Park in Carlin, Nevada by Outlaw Broncs. Payout money was $10,900, and buckles were awarded to 1st place winners in each even. Outlaw Broncs would like to thank all contestants and sponsors for their support!

Words By Jennifer Whiteley Photos By Victoria Jackson

JR. Branding – 11 under T3 - Maggie Van Norman x Walker Jones (7:35.54) $300.00 split T4 - Marinna Mori x Pete Mori (8:13.78) $200.00 split JR. Branding – 11 under (all girl) T9 – Jayden Buchanon x Quill Filippini (9:59.75) $200.00 split Junior Branding – 12-15 ages T5 – Quade Filippini x Quinn Filippini (5:25.88) - $500.00 split T7 – Malakai Malotte x Mountain Spring Walker (5:47.69) - $300.00 split Women’s Branding Crown W - (6:40.59) - $800.00 split Coed Branding Mori Ranch – Michael Mori, Katie Cavasin, Quinn Mori, Jessica Kelly (4:48.88) Shortgo (5:00.13) - $1040.00 split Walker Ranch – Ira Walker, Tilly Walker, Alan Malotte, Katie Cavasin (5:10.97) Shortgo (4:23.37) - $1560.00 split Jackson Ranch – Abby Estes, Angie Estes, Russ, Jackson, John Jackson (6:11.81) Shortgo (6:57.52)

Jayden Buchanon waits for her steer to get both feet in the loop before jerking her slack.

32 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

Open Branding Late One – Frank Dominguez, Jake Logan, Asher Freeman, Barak Freeman (4:38.87) - $1,200.00 split MorFree – Asher Freeman, Barak Freeman, Mike Mori, Quinn Mori (4:39.88) - $800.00 split

Looking down from 30,000 feet on Nevada’s craggy, arid landscape doesn’t evoke an image of what most people think of as rangeland. But this vast and seemingly desolate place as viewed from five miles high actually supports a vital and healthy livestock industry. In an environment which receives an average 7.5 inches of precipitation a year, careful and constant management of these particular rangelands is crucial.

More than 85 percent of nevada is managed by the federal government under the supervision of the bureau of land management, the u.s. forest service, and the military. Because private land is very limited, ranchers need to use some of these public lands, as well as their own, for grazing herds of cattle and sheep. ranchers are given an allotment and a predetermined number of livestock are allowed to graze at a per-head fee.

This has been an agreeable partnership for close to a hundred years, with both parties active in managing the land to accommodate many uses such as wildlife habitat and recreation as well as grazing. The health of our rangeland is in everyone’s best interest.

Land has always been the foundation of our nation’s wealth and the men and women who work that land are the traditional caretakers. land management and conservation science have advanced greatly over the last decades and modern ranchers keep up, or are in the lead.

Carefully grazed rangeland has been shown to be healthier and more productive than ungrazed land separated by only a wire fence. Grazing animals control invasive species and organic matter that fuels destructive wildfires.

Like most of the west, nevada has been impacted by urban growth, especially by the increased demands on a limited water supply.

Natural resources are under pressure so it becomes increasingly critical to manage our rangelands to benefit not only our livestock industry, but the very place we call home.

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775-625-1945 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 33

USDA Opens Signup for Market Facilitation Program Enrollment Now Open through Dec. 6

WASHINGTON – Signup opens today for the Market Facilitation Program (MFP), a U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) program to assist farmers who continue to suffer from damages because of unjustified trade retaliation from foreign nations.

Through MFP, USDA will provide up to $14.5 billion in direct payments to impacted producers, part of a broader trade relief package announced in late July. The sign-up period runs through Dec. 6.

Fall Cattle Work Checklist Vaccines Minerals Antibiotics Needles: (Size) Syringes: (Type and Size) Syringe Repair Kit: (Gaskets, Tubes, Rings, etc.)

Wormer & Applicator Ear Tags: (Brand, Color, Size, Custom?)

Ear Tag Applicator and back up Branding Iron and Heat Source (Remember to Fill Your Propane) Scour Control Meds or Bolus Bolus Gun Screw Worm Spray Sharp Knife and Knife Sharpener Banding Equipment/Bands Dehorning Equipment Hot Shots, Wands, Batteries

Reminders for your TO DO LIST before your work date: THREE-FOUR WEEKS BEFORE Order your custom ear tags and branding irons TWO-THREE WEEKS BEFORE Check with your Vet on needed prescriptions and health questions.

ONE-TWO WEEKS BEFORE Call in your order and/or prescriptions to PINENUT to make sure your order will be in stock and ready for you to pick up or have shipped direct to you.

Mention this ad and receive 1 free bag of 25 blank tags with your fall order of $500 or more. (expires September 30)

“Our team at USDA reflected on what worked well and gathered feedback on last year’s program to make this one even stronger and more effective for farmers. Our farmers work hard, are the most productive in the world, and we aim to match their enthusiasm and patriotism as we support them,” said Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue.

MFP payments will be made to producers of certain non-specialty and specialty crops as well as dairy and hog producers.

Non-Specialty Crops MFP payments will be made to producers of alfalfa hay, barley, canola, corn, crambe, dried beans, dry peas, extra-long staple cotton, flaxseed, lentils, long grain and medium grain rice, millet, mustard seed, oats, peanuts, rapeseed, rye, safflower, sesame seed, small and large chickpeas, sorghum, soybeans, sunflower seed, temperate japonica rice, triticale, upland cotton, and wheat.

MFP assistance for 2019 crops is based on a single county payment rate multiplied by a farm’s total plantings to the MFP-eligible crops in aggregate in 2019. Those per acre payments are not dependent on which of those crops are planted in 2019.

A producer’s total payment-eligible plantings cannot exceed total 2018 plantings.

View payment rates by county.

Dairy and Hogs Dairy producers who were in business as of June 1, 2019, will receive a per hundredweight payment on production history, and hog producers will receive a payment based on the number of live hogs owned on a day selected by the producer between April 1 and May 15, 2019.

Specialty Crops MFP payments will also be made to producers of almonds, cranberries, cultivated ginseng, fresh grapes, fresh sweet cherries, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pistachios, and walnuts. Each specialty crop will receive a payment based on 2019 acres of fruit or nut bearing plants, or in the case of ginseng, based on harvested acres in 2019.

More Information Payments will be made in up to three tranches, with the second and third tranches evaluated as market conditions and trade opportunities dictate. If conditions warrant, the second and third tranches will be made in November and early January.

MFP payments are limited to a combined $250,000 for non-specialty crops per person or legal entity. MFP payments are also limited to a combined $250,000 for dairy and hog producers and a combined $250,000 for specialty crop producers.

However, no applicant can receive more than $500,000. Eligible applicants must also have an average adjusted gross income (AGI) for tax years 2015, 2016, and 2017 of less than $900,000, or 75 percent of the person’s or legal entity’s average AGI for those tax years must have been derived from farming and ranching. Applicants must also comply with the provisions of the Highly Erodible Land and Wetland Conservation regulations.

More information can be found on farmers.gov/mfp, including payment information and a program application.

34 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

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This calendar will be distributed FREE inside the Nevada Rancher November 2019 edition and also available at advertiser locations

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Part of the Winnemucca Publishing Family 1022 S. Grass Valley Rd., Winnemucca, NV 89445 Toll Free (866) 644-5011

Upcoming Events in the Area McDermitt Haloween Rodeo

8th Annual Battle Mountain Buster Miller Memorial Rodeo

Sept. 21st McDermitt Rodeo Arena, Find their Facebook Event for more

September 28th 9am. Join us for a fun day of youth rodeo! There will be girls and boys divisions for pee wee (0-5), juniors (6-9) and intermediates (10-13). Entries due Sept. 14th. For more info https://larenasinfo.wixsite.

Nevada Stockmanship School Sept. 26-29, 2019 at the Cottonwood Ranch More info: https://www.partnersinthesage.com/info.

com/website or call Natasha at (208)484-7106

Owl Barn Ranch Open House:

September 28th, 2019 Burns Oregon. In July during the 2019 Harney County Ranch Rodeo competitor and ranch bronc pick-up man, TJ Thompson, suffered from a neck injury which broke 3 vertibraes. TJ is the cowboss at the Kings River Ranch in NV, Father of three children and husband to wife, Lacey. The roping will be held at the Burns, OR Fairgrounds along with the silent auction. All contributions will help the Thompson Family cover his medical bills. For more info contact Chance at 541-589-0864 or Tim at 775-304-1303

Benefit Roping for TJ Thompson

September 28th 1pm Eagle Point, OR. Come see what Owl Barn Ranch LLC is all about and meet our team. Join us as we present our stallions, our 2019 foal crop and our available prospects. Learn about the ground work and handling techniques that put a proper foundation on your young horse.

Come and listen to a presentation nutrition specific to the Rogue valley, learn from one of the master historians on silversmiths and bit makers of the traditional Californios.

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Buck Brannaman Pro-AM The 2019 Brannaman ProAm Vaquero roping will be October 17-20th at the Santa Ynez Valley Equestrian Center.

Entries open June 1st at Noon MTS, online entries can be made at www. proamroping.com/enter The Roping is Free for spectators! We have a great trade show with everything you could ask for!

High Desert Museum hosts Doc and Connie Hatfield Sustainable Resource Lecture September 5th, 2019 5:45 pm at the High Desert Museum in Bend, OR. Throughout their lives, ranchers Doc and Connie Hatfield were committed to developing partnerships and building consensus to further sustainability in the High Desert. Now in its seventh year, the Hatfield Sustainable Resource Lecture celebrates their work. This year, Jon Griggs, manager of the Maggie Creek Ranches near Elko, Nevada, will be the featured speaker. Griggs has been widely recognized for his collaborative relationships and sustainable practices in the beef industry. For more info or to RSVP visit www.highdesertmuseum.org

Western States Ranch Rodeo Association Finals 10th Annual WSRRA National Finals in Winnemucca, NV. October 31st-November 3rd. For more infor visit www.wsrra. org and follow their Facebook page.

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Paradise Valley Farm/Ranch

This Farm/Ranch is a total of 1048.43 acres, w/two homes, amazing piped arena, working pens, scale house Shop, Feedlot and much much more! Farm Currently has approx 400 acres in production 85 acres is alfalfa/grass mix, and the rest is straight alfalfa approximately 1800-2000 tons a yr. There is a gorgeous 2726 sq ft 4 bedroom 2.5 bath ranch style kit home fully landscaped yard w/trees. This Farm is a must-see!

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 37

Restoration continues a year after Martin Fire Photo & Words By: Michelle Cook, Winnemucca Publishing When someone sounded in the middle of the night reporting a wildfire near Paradise Valley, no one who fought the fire could have foreseen the colossal damage it would cause in the space of two weeks. Nearly a day to the year, a group of biologists, ranchers, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) firefighters, and conservationists stood at the heart of what was at the time, the largest fire in the United States.

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Previous wildfires had torched the landscape to the southwest and southeast, some as recent as 2011. But none came close to the scale and devastation the Martin fire had in 2018. By the time the wildfire was contained, it had consumed 435,569, or 680 square miles. The blaze started July 5 and was finally contained by July 17.

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The cause of the blaze has never been fully determined even though a reward of up to $28,000 was offered for information.

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The Nevada Section for the Society for Range Management hosted the “Living with Fire” event June 27, bringing together ranchers, research scientists, and state and federal agencies to discuss the aftermath of the fire. The group brainstormed for solutions to combat the outbreak of future fires and expressed their concerns with the progress of post-fire rehabilitation programs.

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During a round-table session, three of the ranchers affected by the fire expressed the hardship as a result of the conflagration. Cattleman Steve Lucas who operates the 7HL ranch which is north of Paradise Valley said the fire created a financial burden for all those affected by the fire. But he said the ranchers were not attending the meeting to complain but to work through it. All the ranchers expressed their gratitude for the aid from their neighbors. Lucas said if it weren’t for the assistance of neighbors like the Crawford Cattle Company to participate in some of their allotments, ranchers would have sold off their cattle. “That wouldn’t have been the best thing to do,” he said, “because that’s our business, that’s what we’re in for. To have to sell them because of the fire would have been catastrophic because financially, it’s hard enough to make it work.”

Although Crawford Cattle Company stepped up to help neighbors, Shane Hall, Ranch Manager for the company said that the company estimates it lost about 200,000 acres of rangeland due to the fire. “It took out probably our most definitely two most valuable pastures,” Hall said.

The ranchers also praised the assistance provided by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the US Forest Service (USFS), the Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW), and the Natural Resources Conservation Services (NRCS) especially after the fire as the ranchers scrambled to recover from their losses. Humboldt County Commissioner Ron Cerri said he he’d “never seen it better as far as working relationships between permittees and agencies right now.”

However, many of the ranchers face uncertainty as each of these agencies work through a bureaucratic morass to get programs in place to continue the necessary assistance. Lucas said that because the programs have not yet been approved, it has caused a financial burden for him because the cost of rebuilding is coming out of his pocket. Ranchers said other costs associated with the fire include hauling in additional hay to feed cattle, trucking expenses to move cattle to new pasture and the ongoing labor costs associated with any cattle operation.

As the group stood in the middle of the Commissioner Cerri explained the problems the county faces with rangeland fires. “Every county’s a little bit different but we have, in Humboldt County, rural fire departments” which are first responders which means that the initial response can put out about 90% of these fires.

Members from NDOW, BLM, NCRS and other agencies discussed the rehabilitation and restoration on the burn site. The BLM began reseeding in October with a combination of native and non-native species. Efforts continue this year with additional reseeding and sagebrush transplanting.

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For these agencies, the main concern is to restore ecological function to wildlife habitat. The burn area’s large acreage means that a variety of wildlife habitat was damaged or lost and will require different rehabilitation strategies. The areas support a number of endangered species such as the sage grouse and the pygmy rabbit.

While restoration is a post-fire activity and is a necessary part of any land management plan, many ranchers voiced the need to address land management policies. Hall said that because of the way the allotments are structure, cattle must be moved off the pasture before all the potential feed is eaten. “There’s just a carpet of grass that we haven’t touched but our cattle need to start heading north to the forest” so the fire fuel load

38 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

continues to build up year after year, adding “I don’t know if there’s enough cattle in the United States to eat the feed that we have now.”

Commissioner Cerri echoed that sentiment. “This fire really wasn’t a surprise to a lot of us,” he told the group at the burn site. “We’ve seen the fuel build up out here we knew it was coming but there was nothing we could do about it.”

Cerri said that agencies like the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) don’t look at fires in areas like where the Martin fire occurred because no one lives out in these remote locations. the perception is it’s sparsely populated and so who cares if it burns.

“Well, livelihoods are dependent on this,” he said.

“Endangered species are dependent on this … and it’s all gone in the blink of an eye.”

Ranchers Shane Hall (left), Steve Lucas (middle) and Pete Marvel (right) discuss the hard-

ships they faced after last year’s Martin Fire swept through their area northeast of Paradise One of the results that came out of the catastrophic Valley.

2018 fire season was President Trump signing ExecuAttendees of the “Living with Wildfire” listen to a presentation at one of five stops during tive Order 13855 – Promoting Active Management of the Martin Fire tour. Employees from the BLM, NDOW, the Nevada Conservation District and America’s Forests, Rangelands, and Other Federal Lands to Improve Condiresearch scientists talk about rehabilitation efforts. tions and Reduce Wildfire Risk, as well as Secretary’s Order 3372 – Reducing Wildfire Risks on Department of the Interior Land through Active Management. The two orders direct Department of the Interior ((DOI) and Department of Agriculture (USDA) agencies to apply policies to improve forest and rangeland management practices by reducing hazardous fuel loads, mitigating fire risk and ensuring the safety and stability of local communities through active management on forests and rangelands.

DOI’s preferred alternative treatment would create up to 11,000 miles of new fuel breaks within a 223 million-acre area that includes portions of Idaho, Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada and Utah. Fuel breaks would be reseeded, using both native and non-native plant species throughout the project area.

Ranchers like Hall, Lucas and Cerri say any approach should be backed not just by science but by common sense and flexibility. “I think we have to have a multifaceted approach to be effective here,” Hall said. “There’s not one silver bullet.”

Melany Aten (right), a Conservation Specialist with the Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural Resources engages in a discussion with a participant.

Members of the group inspect a burned piece of sagebrush. The burn area contained a variety of habitat types that require different rehabilitation strategies. Efforts include reseeding and transplanting native and non-native species.

Only A Substitute

By Norma Elliott

I don’t know much about sheep so I just want to get that out of the way but I married a man whose mother had deep roots in the woolies!!

Her family were some of the first to bring them into Texas….SSHHHH!!!!... don’t tell anyone!! The rebel, Arthur Anderson even served jail time for bringing them into Brewster County. Did you hear me? ….they threw him into jail!! Why does that crack me up?

Damn, sheep herders! Can’t even believe it was a crime but I guess things were different back then. By time I came into the family the flock had dwindled down to less than a hundred, that his mother kept for sentimental reasons.

strayed. I didn’t shear them or put the warming lamp over clean bedding in the Winter. I was only a substitute and they knew it.

I realized though, those sheep taught me something valuable about substitutes in my own life. How often I try to follow after things or people instead of following Christ.

Do I substitute popularity, possessions, the number in my bank account, my friends, husband, or job as the things I follow? Do I follow the opinion of others even when I’m unsure, over wisdom I should be getting from Christ?

Often when I’m making wrong decisions I’m following some poser shaking a tin bucket! Have you ever been there… but he says…..

I would love watching her step out her door and call them to her, she would say, “Come here lambies”, to which they’d perk up their ears, throw up their heads and come running.

“My sheep know my voice” (John 10:27-28) and that is truth! Just like my mother-in-law calling out-I too recognize the right voice, coming from a compassionate Shepherd who has my best interest in mind!

She has asked me to feed them several times, if they were going out of town. I’d try to call them, just like she did and it never worked. They knew I was only a poser. I didn’t care for them like she did, I wasn’t their owner.

I didn’t set up late and help them birth, didn’t show up for bottle feedings at 2 a.m., didn’t walk out to look for them and guide them home when they

The One who cares enough to feed me His Word at 2 a.m., when I’m struggling with worry. The One who searches for me when I wonder off the path. The One who gives me warmth from a cold and harsh world. The One who gives light and lets me enjoy the benefits of being under His care.

We know His voice because of the time we’ve spent with Him. The trust we have gained from His steady and faithful leading.

Just like my mother-in-law who calls out and the sheep come running. They want to come, they want what she has to offer. I hope that’s us, we come running because we want what only Christ can give. I can’t think of anything better nor anyone that can compare.

So what about you, do you have substitutes in your life that you have followed? If so, you’ve done what we’ve all done at one time or another, but it’s never too late to perk your ears up, throw your head in His direction and come running back to Him. Thank you for reading!

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40 THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019

Practice the Basics for Superior Results NOT SO

My dad shod horses for the public when I was a kid. He drove a white ’75 Chevy pickup with an old metal water tank fitted onto the bed and converted into a mobile shoeing shop. The water tank held his anvil, horseshoes, nails, foot stand, and other tools of his trade. He carried a brown pleather briefcase that contained his day planner, pens, checks and other papers. On the Commentary by inside top cover of his briefcase Jolyn Young were the words “Practice the basics for superior results.”

Back in the ’90s, Dad was an avid team roper. He was a #3 heeler in the USTRC back before the numbering system was changed, and he was one of the first subscribers to Spin To Win. Does anyone remember getting that publication when it was still in black and white with no ads?

Just like today’s version, the first issues were jam-packed full of great info from team roping greats such as Jake Barnes, Clay O’Brien Cooper, Speed Williams and Rich Skelton (ya gotta have Speed to get Rich!).

Dad had cut the phrase out from an issue of Spin To Win, and I remember seeing it many times while his briefcase was open on the kitchen table when he did his paperwork. It became emblazoned on my brain, and I have referred to it in countless situations, horse-related and otherwise, since my childhood.

“Practice the basics for superior results.”

Desolate Ranch Wife

All In A Day’s Ride

Let’s talk about Sheep, she says.

Okay, rather talk about snakes or rats or maybe electric fences. Sheep, they rank right up with the above mentioned, they’re aggravating little creatures. Sometimes they’d rather just lay down an die, than live and they’re always drifting off to someplace they are not supposed to be. Like the neighbors, new crop Oat field or his garden? Growing up I heard the Commentary by saying from some of the buckaroos, David W. Glaser “the only good sheep is a dead one!”

As I got older an wiser, I figured that the saying had a lot of merit. Leg of Lamb, Lamb Chops, Lamb shanks, Lamb riblets and a whole lot more. By now you have guessed that, that I’m referring to eating the wooly little buggers, less the hide of course.

Bout now, you’re probably wondering how this hairy legged ol cowboy has become such a Sheep Expert. I guess I better back up and give you all a history lesson. My Dad, Bill, a German, was a cowboy, a cattle rancher, who went off the reservation, so to speak, married, my mother Candida Marisquirena, (bet you didn’t think I could spell that). She was a Basquo, the daughter of a sheepherder and she was a darn good cook. It wasn’t long before there was a small band of woolies at the ranch in Starr Valley. Shortly followed by this new half breed sheepherder, David. I learned the ways of the horses, the cows and … the sheep.

Notice they are low on my list, unless they are in the Dutch Oven.

Years went by and a local rodeo added a new event, Mutton Bustin. My son wanted to enter, so we entered up and like the good half breed Dad, I went along to give him some advice. The sheep were big old range white faced ewes, that were bucking every one off. It was our turn, and this was our dialog. Me: “Son, get on that sheep backwards wrap your legs around her neck, then grab a hand full of wool on each cheek of her butt.” Son: “I can’t, cowboys don’t ride backwards.” Me: “Son, real cowboys don’t ride sheep either.” Son: “Please Dad, I’ll look foolish.” Me: “What is more foolish, riding to the whistle or laying in the dirt?” He made the whistle. Foot Note: it wasn’t my first sheep ride!

A neighbor lady called after hearing about my half breed logic, said she had some sick ewes, could I help? Here I am in the middle of a muddy pen, syringe in one hand, rope in the other and a bummer sucking on my wranglers, looking for the sick one to doctor.

It’s all in a Day’s Ride!

David W Glaser

When I’m having trouble with my roping, I go back to the dummy. Where am I looking when I throw a head loop? Am I dropping my elbow when I deliver my heel loop? Is my loop the appropriate size for the distance I’m standing from the dummy? Am I using the right rope for the kind of roping I’m doing?

“Practice the basics for superior results.”

I’ve discovered in 7 years of marriage that it’s all too easy to forego the basic tenets of human relations. Daily, I remind myself to say “please,” “thank you,” “excuse me,” and “how was your day?” to my husband.

“Practice the basics for superior results.”

When one of our horses is lame, we give him a thorough home exam before calling a vet, because we live a long ol’ ways from a vet’s office. We had a roan horse who was sure-enough three-legged a couple months ago, but we couldn’t detect any heat or swelling on the affected limb. I suggested that Jim pull his shoe, and he discovered that Snoopy had an abscess. Bingo! A basic, common injury that can cause a world of hurt. Panic mode and vet visit averted; bleach and limited movement to the rescue.

“Practice the basics for superior results.”

Due to my younger year spent driving ancient cars and trucks that broke down if they ran over a grasshopper, I have developed a case of vehicular hypochondria. If one of the gauges looks off or I smell hot brakes, my first reaction is to freak the freak out. But, thanks to common sense and basic engine knowledge, I now can pop the hood and check the engine oil level, coolant overflow reservoir and other fluid levels. When I smell something suspicious, I first look around and determine if the scary smell is actually coming from a passing big rig or ancient pickup nearby. It usually is.

Next time you’re flummoxed by learning a new computer program, kneading bread, changing leads or trying to drive a stick shift through heavy traffic, remind yourself to practice the basics for superior results. The phrase originated in a team roping magazine, but it extends to all aspects of life as well.

Contact David to purchase his book dhranch3@gmail.com or call 208-989-5404

THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 41

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – SEPTEMBER 2019 45

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