June Nevada Rancher Magazine 2020

Showcasing Sheep The Oldest Independent Livestock Monthly in Nevada | JUNE 2020 | Vol. XLIX | No. 6 | $3

FAMILY TIES

Cole and Katie Estill: The Story of a Sheepherder and a Veterinarian

MORE ON PAGES 12-13

DOGGONE IT

The Dos and Don’ts of Selecting a Livestock Guardian for the Flock

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SHARING EXPERIENCES Featuring Fourth-Generation Sheep, Cattle Rancher Kimberlee Kerns

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(775) 623-5011 Read back issues digitally: issuu.com/winnemuccapublishing7 The Nevada Rancher (ISSN 0047-9489) (USPS #003-257) Published monthly at Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445

I have never been much of a sheep person, but recently BobiRose and I have been exposed to the “sheep” life.

Our dear friend Amorita (Etchart) Maher and her family have raised sheep on their ranch for decades! These black-faced suffolk cuties are the funniest things to watch.

This year, there was one bummer lamb (a lamb with no mama). We were lucky enough to have this bummer lamb over for a sleepover. She had the strictest feeding schedule; apparently, sheep are very fragile creatures. BobiRose enjoyed exploring with the bummer.

Nevada Rancher Magazine is very thankful for our dedicated advertising clients and loyal readers. This month,

we have launched a new digital viewA G A I Nfollowing E ingMplatform.

Go Z to the web address — bit.ly/2LGj70e — to access this month’s e-edition.

Among other features, the new platform allows any ads that have a website link in the design to be click-able, sending the viewer directly to the business’ site!

Inside this issue you will find stories on how to cook mutton along with insights into local Nevada sheep producers. I pray your field’s grass stays green, your freezers are full, and that flock (family and friends) stay strong together during this time.

I hope you enjoy this issue!

— Ashley

Call us toll free at (866) 644-5011 Periodical Postage Paid at Winnemucca, 89445 Publisher: Peter Bernhard Editor: Ashley Buckingham Staff Writer: Jennifer Whiteley Contributors Heather Smith Thomas, David Glaser, Norma Elliot, Sarah Hummel Sales Representative: Ashley Buckingham Office Manager: Tracy Wadley Production Manager: Joe Plummer Advertising Designer: Emily Swindle Graphic Design: Lauren Solinger Production Coordinators: Adam Trumble, Brad Bancroft, Kevin MacMillan The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for statements by advertisers nor products advertised within, and The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for opinions expressed in articles submitted for publication. The publisher reserves the right to accept or reject advertising or editorial material submitted for publication. Contents in The Nevada Rancher may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including, but not limited to original contents and original composition of all ads (layout and artwork) without prior written permission. Subscription rate: $16.00 per year. All content copyrighted, June 2020.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: The Nevada Rancher, Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445

PHOTO: ASHLEY BUCKINGHAM

BobiRose goes on a walk with Crystal Rose, a bummer lamb from Amorita Maher’s flock.

Inside this issue: Nevada Cattlemen’s Association’s Response to COVID-19 – p. 6 Ranching Scrapbook Proves Laughter is the Best Medicine – p. 18 Sheep Industry Shares Concerns about H-2A Status – p. 20 Tis the Season for Grasshopper and Cricket Control – p. 22 Sand Hill Dairy Hands Out Hundreds of Gallons of Milk – p. 24 Cover Photo By: Natalie Norcutt Padilla Great Pyrenees puppies learn at a young age to protect their herd at the Silver Creek Ranch in Austin, Nevada.

4

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

Hello from cow country

NCA President’s Monthly Message

We are still in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the time of this writing, we continue to be surrounded by uncertainty, unknowns and concerns about the economy and how long recovery will take.

The American people are ready get back to a more normal life. Nevada now has a team working on the first stages of getting businesses opened up and running again.

Concerns and unknowns surround our industry as well. President Trump issued an Executive Order invoking the Defense Production Act, directing packing plants to stay open and workers to get back to work.

Even with this order, we are still struggling to get cattle harvested.

Packing plants and the USDA are working on a more definitive plan to help plants implement the CDC and OSHA worker safety guidance. The CDC and OSHA guidance makes it clear that you can operate a packing plant and protect workers at the same time.

We do not have a nation-wide shortage of beef, but we are seeing more disruptions in supply that are limiting

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Tom Barnes availability in some areas. The slowdowns, shut downs and distribution system challenges are resulting in temporary shortages that vary from place to place.

NCBA is working to reassure the consumer that we are still producing beef and that we are working to ensure any local shortage will be temporary.

Times like these are very challenging, but we are a very resilient bunch.

Together we will emerge better and stand ready for the next challenge that awaits us.

We will continue to provide our membership with pertinent information as it becomes available.

As always, let us know if you have questions or issues we can assist with.

Tom Barnes President, Nevada Cattlemen’s Association

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An Overview of NCA’s Response to COVID-19 Kaley Chapin

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

In the past couple of months, we have seen grocery stores scrambling to keep food on the shelves, schools shut down for the remainder of the year, restaurants struggling to maintain business, and a lot of uncertainty. By the time you are reading this, things will have probably significantly changed, as they are changing daily.

The world and our country, state and industry are in an unprecedented situation with a pandemic health issue due to COVID-19, the disease caused by a novel coronavirus. Trying to understand how to move forward currently is difficult. This disease has challenged everyone with even the basics of everyday life.

Looking back on the article I wrote at this time last year; it is hard to imagine how different things are now.

Last year at this time, I was sharing with you about our efforts going to Washington, D.C., and putting on events at our state capitol for the NV Legislators.

Now, I am sharing with you how we are abiding

by the stay-at-home order, maintaining social distancing, working from our homes, and conducting meetings via zoom and telephone. The NCA leadership and staff have been and continue to be active in ensuring that cattle and beef production continues. We have been pushing to improve the cattle market conditions and working with NCBA to secure programs that can bring assistance to those producers that have been negatively impacted by the virus.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen the beef chain and cattle markets negatively impacted. There has been a slowdown in cattle processing, due in part both to the COVID-19 impact on the labor force in processing plants, and to the extreme disruption the disease has caused for food-service beef demand. Four major packer/ processor groups account for about 85 percent of beef sales in the United States and each of these groups have experienced some temporary plant closures due to COVID-19.

As an unsubsidized commodity, the beef cattle industry relies on competitive markets for our livelihood. The

beef cattle industry needs to keep the stream of commerce moving as efficiently as possible to keep store shelves stocked with beef for American consumers.

To help answer some of the questions I have been receiving, here is a brief overview of what steps have been taken thus far by our Association and the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA):

beef, we are seeing supply chain disruptions because of plant closures and reductions in the processing speed at many, if not most, beef processing plants in the United States. We thank President Trump for his recognition of the problem and the action he has taken today to begin correcting it,” said NCBA CEO Colin Woodall.

Processing Facilities

There are many reports of processing plants being slowed or temporarily closed to ensure the safety of workers. These slow-downs and closures present challenges to the beef supply chain and there may be temporary limitations on the variety of beef cuts available to consumers in some part of the country, there is no widespread shortage of beef in the United States.

Currently less than 10 percent of U.S. processing capacity is offline as additional protective measures and cleaning practices are being implemented. According to USDA, U.S. processing plants are operating between 50-75 percent of their normal capacity to allow for worker protections and distancing requirements that will help keep plant workers safe and on the job.

The latest USDA cold storage report states that total beef in freezers is up 2 percent from February, and up 11 percent above yearago levels, so there is ample supply in the supply chain to keep grocery store coolers full and in freezers to ensure consumers are able to find the beef they need to feed their families.

On April 28, President Trump signed an Executive Order invoking the Defense Production Act (DPA) to ensure the continuity of meat processing in the United States.

Using the DPA, the President authorized additional tools and resources for beef, pork, and poultry facilities to allow them to remain open, even if local governments directed the facilities to close.

The action taken by President Trump will help keep the beef supply chain intact, ensure beef remains available to consumers and ultimately provide the food that American consumers will need to reopen the nation.

“While there are currently no widespread shortages of

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6

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

Current Beef Availability

Future Beef Shortages Unfortunately, ongoing rolling closures of packing plants due to the pandemic have led to bottlenecks in the supply chain and temporary decreases in beef supply. It is important to note that beef is still available; however, specific cuts, packaging, and quantities may be limited in certain locations.

In some instances, the closure of packing plants is forcing beef farmers and ranchers and feedyards to keep animals longer than anticipated before moving to the next step in the supply chain process.

This is putting a financial burden on many beef farmers and ranchers due to increased feed and maintenance costs and decreased returns.

Sound animal care techniques are at the heart of how farmers and ranchers raise beef, and this holds true at every step of the supply chain, regardless of changes

or disruptions. The Association is working daily with local and federal governments to support beef producers who are experiencing financial hardship. While the beef industry is doing everything possible to increase supply, the primary concern is ensuring the health and safety of those who produce, process, and deliver beef, as well as the safety of beef.

Although the beef industry has considerable flexibility to adjust cattle flow through the supply chain, especially when compared to other animal proteins, supply chain disruptions impact production costs and the cattle markets.

This creates an unstable business environment for the beef industry, which is why the Association is working with all segments of the supply chain to minimize disruptions, while taking necessary actions to help end the pandemic.

The beef community is committed to delivering safe and high-quality beef to consumers and is working diligently to return to full capacity as soon as possible.

One way consumers can help the beef industry and each other during these unprecedented times is to avoid panic-buying of beef.

Buying only what you need for a week or two will help ensure families across the U.S. can continue to enjoy the safe and nutritious beef they know and love.

Cattle Wellbeing The issue of cattle euthanasia continues to be a media topic, and this should concern every member of the cattle industry, because consumers don’t understand this conversation, and there is every likelihood that ongoing conversations about the topic have the potential to turn consumers away from beef, something we cannot afford right now.

The simple facts are: a. We do not utilize euthanasia as a supply management tool. b. We are not euthanizing cattle during this crisis. c. We care for the health and welfare of our animals and are doing everything we need to keep them safe, healthy, and well-fed.

Paycheck Protection Act The Small Business Administration continues to implement the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) and the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) program. They are still working on the new EIDL application process to include agriculture.

On April 27, we supported the NCBA in sending a conjoined letter with more

than 35 different agricultural groups to leaders on Capitol Hill urging specific improvements in the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). We also supported a letter sent to the USDA urging the agency to remove payment limitations for cattle producers under the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program (CFAP).

Flexibility to Livestock Haulers The NCBA and its state affiliate partners pushed for flexibility in hours of service to livestock haulers. Emphasizing on how vitally important it is for haulers to have the flexibility they need to get live and perishable goods to market as quickly and as safely as possible.

“Hauling livestock is inherently different than hauling typical consumer goods, and we continue to look for flexibilities within Hours of Service to safely haul livestock around this country,” said Allison Rivera, NCBA Government Affairs.

As I mentioned above, by the time you are reading this, it may already be outdated information. We are continuously interacting with virtually every relevant Government agency/elected official from the local to the federal level about the importance of maintaining the beef supply chain from our ranches to the consumer.

With all the uncertainty going on, let us keep trying to look forward. This pandemic has brought many challenges to the industry and the nation. Everyone has had to make some modifications to their daily lives.

I anticipate within the month of May, we will start seeing the restrictions lifted and the amount of COVID-19 cases decline.

Governor Sisolak has already announced his Phase 1, which is a start to getting our state back up and running.

The sooner we can safely reopen our economy, the better the outcome will be for marketing our livestock in the coming months. My thoughts are with those being negatively affected by the coronavirus.

Please contact me at nca@ nevadabeef.org if you have questions or would like to know more information about the USDA relief programs. We at the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association encourage you to stay safe, use every precaution, be productive and know that we are working hard on your behalf.

Kaley Chapin is executive director of the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association. Go to nevadacattlemen.org to learn more.

Remembering Our Loved Ones Ted Payne Ted Payne, 75, passed away Sunday April 19, 2020, peacefully at rest at his home in Jordan Valley, OR. The celebration of Ted’s life will begin with a viewing at Flahiff ’s Funeral Chapel, 624 Cleveland Blvd.

Caldwell, Idaho on Friday, May 1, 2020 at 4pm.

Funeral service will be immediately following, also at Flahiff ’s Chapel.

Ted will be buried in the Jordan Valley Cemetery at a later date.

George Theodore Payne was born at the Maher ranch near Cliffs, ID on July 15, 1944, to Elbert Dallas “Tex” & Agnes Amy Maher Payne. Agnes rode horseback the approximate 10 miles to her parent’s home, with son Pat on behind, to have this baby.

Ted’s arrival was quite an ordeal and Agnes said she would never put her parents through another home birth. Doctor Jones had been called and he arrived in time to say that Ted was healthy and weighed 10 lbs. As the little family prepared to return home, Agnes & baby Ted rode together and Tex planned to carry 3 year old Pat on his horse. However,Tex’s horse started to buck with the threat of an additional rider and Tex leaned out to safely deposit Pat onto a sagebrush which ended up causing him to get bucked off.

Ted had many adventures as a child on the mountain and growing up at the Lowry. He had an old bicycle that he rode off the North Fork (on the old road) with no brakes. Ted started his first colt, Sun Down, at the age of eleven. He and Pat attended a one room grade school at Cliffs, ID. It was a long ride each day throughout the summer and fall. They kept their horses in a wire lot down by the creek while they did their studies. Challenges included the hunters taking the 5 gallon buckets that they used to get on with, at each gate.

Also, they could trot to school, but they had to ride home carefully and not let their horses get too warm or they would have to answer to their dad. Ted graduated from high school in Jordan Valley, then later went to work for Bill & Nita Lowry, when they were still over in Prineville OR. He had a lot of respect for them both and often recounted pleasant memories of that time.

As a young man, he also worked at Yellow Pine, ID on the Cox Dude Ranch for Lafe & Emma Cox. Spring was spent repairing fences and clearing trails and summer & fall were spent packing lots of horses, mules and guests

in to remote camp sites. Ted shared lots of good memories from this time too. He also hauled sheep to Dixon, CA for Simplot and drove logging trucks in Montana and often credited God for sparing his life more than once on treacherous and icy roads.

In 1968 and 1969, Ted worked for his aunt, Gertrude Anderson, taking care of her cattle out on the desert, west of the Owyhee River and south of Rome. He generally did the buckarooing by himself. Ted would take a pack horse and his camp with him, staying in a cave or cow camps along the way. During this time, he had several encounters with the Owyhee River that he also credited God for bringing him out of alive. Ted hated water and he had a very serious respect for the river.

Ted would go home and help his parents on the Lowry ranch when he could, and it was during this time that Ted had the good fortune of meeting Dorothy Pauline McKay. Dot was from Harper, OR, but she and her sisters and cousins were there gathering cattle off the White Horse allotment for her uncle, Don McKay. In those days, everyone camped at the Maher ranch where Ted was born and rode out to gather each day.

The couple was married on June 12, 1970 in Vale, OR at St. Patricks Catholic Church.

Ted & Dot loved each other dearly, and shared lots of laughter, and some tears in their nearly 55 years of marriage. They bought the Lowry Ranch on Juniper Mountain from Ted’s parents. The Lowry was their home, and where they raised their family. The modern road that exists today was built in 1970, the same year they were married. Ted & Dot always celebrated their wedding anniversary the day before riding started on White Horse, which was always June 13th. Dot would wrangle the horses early that morning and Ted would spend all day shoeing enough horses for the entire family to have 2 head a piece for the days ahead.

One time, early in Ted & Dot’s marriage, he was riding Cherokee and as they were going through a huge pile of rocks, Dot thought it would be funny to pull Cherokee’s tail and watch Ted put on a good bronc ride. Only problem is, Ted got bucked off and then Dot felt so bad, she told him how sorry she was for pulling his horse’s tail. It was a story that was retold and laughed about for years, and Ted always said he still hadn’t gotten even with her for that, although he halfheartedly tried.

Ted always rode tough horses and made them into very good horses. No fancy training, he just rode them. When he started a colt, he put the saddle on and a blindfold if necessary, and got on. A few times around the corral and he was out the gate. Ted had the natural ability to ride a bucking horse and very seldom was he ever thrown. His children remember unloading on the top of the North Fork, before

daybreak when it was cold and dark. Everyone was quick about getting on and being ready to go because Ted would lead his horse out into a huge pile of rocks, use the blind to get on, and they were off, headed to Three Forks or somewhere in between, in a hurry.

Another story, that Ted told often, was about Dot and a bay mare, named Nutmeg. Ted was in the shop and he saw her get on carelessly.

The mare bucked her off and she hit her head on the side of the chicken house. Ted pretended he didn’t see what happened and pretty soon, Dot brought the horse over and said “Will you get on her?” He protested, but put on his spurs and got on Nutmeg. He said she blew up again, bucked all the way up the hill, around the house and back down off the steep yard hill and through the big ditch. Ted was committed to the ride but he was afraid Nutmeg would lose her footing bucking down that hill. She did not. Nutmeg finally quit bucking.

Dot said “thank you”, got her hobbles down and then got on Nutmeg carefully, the correct way and away they went at a gallop.

Those who knew Ted had a lot of respect for his straight up way of doing business, his integrity and his willingness to help people in need. He would give the shirt off of his back to anyone who asked for it. He never seemed to look down on anybody. Ted was a good neighbor and a good friend to all who knew him. He had a great sense of humor and loved to laugh with a twinkle in his eye. It wasn’t always fun to be the subject of his mischievousness but, he always made people laugh.

Ted was a brilliant writer. He kept a daily diary as his grandfather Ambrose Maher did.

Ted was quick to think, slow to speak. He had so much wisdom and would share that wisdom with you, if you asked. Ted could solve a problem that no one else could, by circling around it and approaching it from another angle. He always came up with a solution.

Among his many talents, he was a fine truck driver, and taught his children how to drive and shift by listening to the engine, and never touching the clutch. Ted was an amazing mechanic, by necessity. As his children got older and began driving and tearing up vehicles and equipment, he would make them repair what they broke, in hopes that it would teach them to be more careful. He loved old tractors and old trucks. In his high school years, he took an abandoned chassis off the flat near Cliffs, and a transmission and engine from other places, and put his 1921 Model A Ford together so he could have his own wheels. It is the beautiful green car that he recently had restored.

Ted had a passion for improving the range.

He and his brother, Pat made beautiful pastures of native species where no grass had existed before. Together, they developed springs, built miles of fence and worked hard

to remove Juniper trees. Just last September, 2019, Ted was able to see his lifelong dream come true as the BLM did a huge prescribed burn on Juniper Mountain.

Ted and Dot began to retire about 2012, and to hand the reins of the ranch and the cattle operations over to their children. They leased some of their cattle out, sold some, and were enjoying a little less work on the ranch. Ted spent more time in the shop, mechanicing and Dot could still be seen saddled up, somewhere on the mountain. Ted & Dot enjoyed passing their knowledge on to their children and grandchildren. Their grandchildren were a real joy to them both. Changes came in the spring of 2014 when Dot was diagnosed with cancer. As always, Ted was by her side daily for the next year, as she fought her battle away from home. On May 2, 2015, Ted lost the love of his life. Those who knew them can take great comfort in knowing that Ted & Dot are together again in heaven with our Lord and Savior.

Ted was preceded in death by his wife, Dot; his parents, Tex & Agnes Payne; his sistersin-law, Michelle McKay Mackenzie, Danice Brown Payne; brother-in-law, Rod McKay; his grandparents, Chauncey & Francis Payne and Ambrose & Ethel Maher; and numerous aunts, uncles and cousins that he loved dearly.

Ted is survived by his children and grandchildren, daughter, Polly, her husband, Cody Baldwin and their children, Ellie & Jonathon Brunko, Rossin & Fallyn Baldwin, of Homedale, ID; daughter, Rena & her husband, Rick Britton of Homedale, ID, and their children Rickey & Sue Britton, Nathan & Kim Britton and Stacy Soelberg; son, Jack & his wife, Rachel Casey Payne and their children, Emily & Garrett Payne of Fallon, NV; and son, Paul J. McKay of Boise, ID. Also survived by brother, Pat Payne and his children, Terry & Jerry White and Gary Payne, all of Jordan Valley, OR; and aunt, Alice Maher; brothers and sisters-in-law, Mary Barbara McKay, Rena Uhalde, Gracian Uhalde, Karen & Bob Skinner, Joe & Joyce McKay, Bob & Karla McKay, Mark & Julie Mackenzie, Kate & Mike Autio; and many cousins, nieces, nephews, greatnieces and great- nephews that he thoroughly enjoyed. Last but not least, Ted is survived by many wonderful friends & neighbors.

Ted’s family would like to express their deepest appreciation to the ladies who helped him out at home in the last year; Joni Williams, Rena Uhalde, and Nancy Grubaugh. The family would also like to offer a special thanks to Dr. Jocele Skinner. Ted was very appreciative of the kindness shown to him, by each of you.

Memorials may be made to the JV Lions Den, PO Box 344, Jordan Valley, OR 97910 for the new Community Event Center Fund, or to a favorite charity.

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ORVAL “SONNY” FOWLER, JR. After several months of declining health, Orval “Sonny” Fowler, Jr. passed peacefully in his home on April 13, 2020, with his family by his side. He was 85 years young.

Sonny was born in Muleshoe, Texas on November 6, 1934 to Orval Sr. and Dora Fowler. The youngest of 8 children, he moved to Fallon with his family at the age of 5. He shared that his dad was headed to Idaho but stopped to visit an uncle in Fallon, fell in love with the valley and made their home here.

Sonny became a star football player at Churchill County High School and even stayed on an extra semester to play ball. His dedication to Churchill County sports was acknowledged recently by him being awarded a jacket for being a lifelong supporter of the Greenwave Takedown Booster Club.

He married the love of his life, Betti Ann Vaughn, on July 16, 1954, and they had their first child Vaughna 9 months later. Guy followed and they had a wonderful

upbringing on the ranch that was homesteaded by Betti Ann’s grandfather in the early 1900s. Sonny bought the home place from his father-in-law, Leon Vaughn, in 1957 and was a hard-working farmer, rancher, and dairyman for all the years that followed. His work ethic and desire to take care of his family was second to none.

He was one of the toughest men that ever lived with one of the kindest and most generous hearts you would ever meet. The highlights of his life revolved around his children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. He never missed a rodeo, wrestling match, football, volleyball, basketball or baseball game, or any other school event that the kids were involved with.

Sonny’s other passions were cutting wood, fishing, and anything else family related. In his earlier years, he was very involved with the Cattlemen’s Association, Dairyman’s Association, Soil Conservation, Nevada Farm Bureau, and any other organization where he could represent farming and ranching and better his skills. His love, influence, and teaching has made all of us better people and we will miss him dearly.

We wish to express a

special thanks to all those who have supported our family during this difficult time. Dr. Amanda Casey, Kellie Gardner, the staff at Eden Hospice, and all our friends and family who have prayed for us, visited, brought meals, and provided unending support.

Sonny was preceded in death by his wife of 31 years, Betti Ann, and his parents and siblings Luther and Beatrice Fowler, Geneva Keefer, and Edna Penola.

He is survived by his sisters LNora Weaver, Nena Casper, and Bonnie Nance. Also, his children Vaughna Bendickson (Kim) and Guy Fowler (Lynette); granddaughters, Darcie Spero, Kylee Bendickson, Casie Gubler (Tim), Olie Farris (Jim), and Savannah Lamb; great grandchildren, Teegan, Cooper, Hadlee, Callahan, and Madelyn, as well as many nieces and nephews who loved visiting the ranch over the years.

Those wishing to honor Sonny’s life can donate in his memory to the Greenwave Takedown Booster Club, 4924 Rivers Edge Drive, Fallon, NV 89406. Private graveside services were held on Monday, April 20, 2020, with Pastor Jim Myers, and Smith Family Funeral Home officiating.

ALLIE BEAR REAL ESTATE Specializing in Hunting, Ranching and Horse Properties 279.93 Acres Lamoille 495 N. Meridian Rd, Lovelock NV Alfalfa farm/Ranch located in Lovelock, NV. There is a total of 76 acres 47 are in flood irrigated new alfalfa and 25 acres is a natural slough. Nice 1728 sq. Ft. 1993 Manufactured home with fully enclosed porch and indoor hot tub, 28’x32’ metal shop with 120 and 220 power, and set of corrals.

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SALLY ROSITA MARVEL FREEMAN Sally Rosita Marvel Freeman (Mustang Sally) was born on December 8, 1952 in Battle Mountain, Nevada and passed away on April 14, 2020.

She was one of seven children to Thomas Jenkins Marvel, a Nevada rancher and cowboy, and Rosita Camarillo Petit, granddaughter of Adolfo Camarillo whose namesake adorns the city of Camarillo, California.

She grew up on the Martin Ranch and The 25 Ranch in Nevada where she was instilled with toughness and grit from her father, along with a sense of style and a strong Faith in God from her mother. It can be said that she packed so much life into her 67 years here on earth that she might as well have lived twice. There’s no easy way to describe Sally in a few short sentences.

She was raised to be a tough, fearless cowgirl, a better hand than most cowboys. She roped her first mustang when she was 14 years old and went on to become a renowned cutting-horse trainer. She was truly gifted on a horse and no one will ever forget the way she could ride.

Sally was as competitive as they come and she spent many years with her kids and grandkids training their horses and practicing with them as they competed and succeeded in high school, college and professional rodeo.

But horses weren’t her only interest.

She also started her own fashion line and later helped her youngest daughter

Quincy, start a successful western brand: Rodeo Quincy, whose merchandise is in over 300 stores.

Sally was a stunning beauty with a style all of her own, a trend-setter. She had a wild, yet classic style, always wearing her trademark red lipstick and high-heeled cowboy boots. She was the true meaning of “guts, grit and lipstick”.

There wasn’t a head that didn’t turn when she walked into a room. But even with all that beauty, it wasn’t her style that made the lasting impression, it was the way she made people feel. To know her was to love her and her endless generosity knew no bounds.

Sally made the Central Valley of California her home with the love of her life and husband Bill Freeman with whom she shared many wonderful years on their cattle ranch in Reedley. She leaves behind three children - Pete Holman, Holly Crawford and Quincy Eldridge and two step-daughters Molly Freeman and Elly Kelly. Sally’s surviving grandchildren Billie, Lily, Lefty, Teagan, Luke, Reese, Carter, Blaze, Crew, Pistol and baby Sally -due to arrive this September, will miss their Nana dearly. She also leaves four brothers: Tom, Mike, Joe and Pete Marvel and two sisters: Suzy Barnes and Amy Seifert.

One of the greatest gifts that Sally left her family was her strong faith in God and her love of the Catholic Church.

Remembrances can be made in Sally’s honor at St. La Salle Catholic School in Reedley, CA. There will be a celebration of life to be announced after the COVID crisis.

Vaya con Dios our sweet Sal. You will be forever loved and missed.

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JOHN LEASK COLLETT

November 29, 1939-April 5, 2020 Cowboy John, from a young boy, was fascinated with horses. His family lived in Indiana which is pig-farming country, no horses, no cowboys. Even as a young boy, though, he knew he had to have horses.

Fast forward.

It’s 1945, after World War II, and John’s parents, Ruth and George Collett, begin their move to Elko, Nevada. Dr. George Collett would join other MDs, Leslie Moren, Tom Hood, and, later, George Manilla, to form the Elko Medical Clinic and, build the General Hospital in town.

Up to that time John had seen horses and cowboys only in story books: Michael, The Colt; Born to Trot; King of the Wind; Sea Star, Orphan of Chincoteague; The Book of Cowboys; and Comanche. When the family moved to Nevada the dream became reality because real horses and cowboys were right in town at the fairgrounds because Elko is Cowboy Country!

Summer of 1946 the Collett family began what turned out to be 5 years of driving north out of Elko to the ranch of a patient, Bertie and Golden Hyde, in Roland, Idaho.

That first day the Hydes convinced Ruth and George to let their son stay on the ranch through the summer which turned out to be five summers. Then, every fall, Bertie and Golden would bring John and his black mustang, Tramp, (by then John had his own horse, a black mustang taken off the Diamond A desert between Idaho and Nevada) back to town before school started so he and Tramp could ride in the parade and take part in “Town Class” competition in the center ring during the Elko County Fair. Downstairs we have many

small gold cups John and Tramp won.

After summers on the ranch, working on the Glaser Ranch east of Elko, and following graduation from Elko High School, John headed for the College of Idaho, a small liberal arts institution in Caldwell where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree. It was at the College of Idaho that he met and married his wife, Janice Haagensen.

John began his life insurance career with the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company in the John Q. Ryan Insurance Agency.

He was chairman of the Elko Centennial Pony Express reenactment in 1969, a member of the Elko JCs, The First Presbyterian Church, and the Elko Lions Club.

In 1973 Janice and John left Elko for Reno where John sold life insurance with The Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, Springfield, Massachusetts. He was a District Agent for MassMutual, a member of the Million Dollar Roundtable, named several times Agent of the Year for the Nevada Insurance Agency, president of Reno Life Underwriters, a member of the Life Underwriters Training Council, and President of the Reno Lions Club.

In 1989 the family returned to Elko, and John continued selling life insurance.

During the Elko County Fair and Livestock Show he announced ranch competitions in the center ring.

He was a Charter member of the Rotary Club of “Elko Desert Sunrise,” taught an extension class for the Life Underwriters Training Council, was active in the First Presbyterian Church, hiked and skied the Ruby Mountains, fished South Fork and played golf!

From its early beginning John supported the Poetry Gathering, (the National

Cowboy Poetry Gathering), and in 2006 he began giving Ranch Tours as a Workshop during the Gathering. The “Ranch Tour” for 2019 finished 14 years of John’s local ranch tours throughout Elko County.

He loved every Ranch Tour, loved the guests who came on the bus with him, many of whom repeated every year, and loved showcasing his favorite people, ranching families.

He loved sharing stories of growing up on a remote ranch, riding for cattle on horseback on the Diamond A, delighted telling the rattlesnake-on-pillow, and the dynamite-explosion-in-the-dead-of-night stories. How many times did he tell his own stories of horses running away with him, fishing in creeks in Roland, and his own near-drowning in spring-runoff-Bruneau River when very young.

His favorite was working with local ranchers, people he respected living a lifestyle he envied, riding for cattle, helping at branding time, and being part of the Fair parade with his gray Arabian horse, Zahnna. He loved Elko County.

He and Janice began a Tour Company, “Cowboy John Tours,” (www.cowboyjohntours.com) which showed prospective employees of the Hospital and local businesses why they would want to live in Elko County. “Cowboy John Tours” also shuttled hikers for the Ruby Crest Trail.

John was born in Crawfordsville, Indiana, November 29, 1939, and died, in his home in Spring Creek, Palm Sunday, April 5, 2020.

He was preceded in death by parents Ruth Leask and Dr. George Collett; sister, Jean C. Andrews; sister-in-law, Louise Collett; brother-in-law, Jerry Warren; brother-in-law, Dr. Richard Andrews and cousin

Martin Andrews.

He leaves wife Janice of 57 years of Elko, and sons, Gregory Thomas, (Loni Workman), Ecuador; Nathan Hugh and Daniel John; grandsons, Elan Sol, Lorien F. Collett and Francis F. Collett; brother, Dr. Hugh Collett; sister, MaryAnne Warren; niece, Collett Pruitt; niece, Nanci Warren; niece, Linda Warren, (John Luca); niece, Karen Wilson, (Stewart); niece, Dede Kreisenbeck, (Greg); niece, Viginia Oustad; nephew, George (Liz), and numerous dear friends.

The family is grateful for many friends who called and visited John, took him to the Fair and Cowboy Poetry Gathering, wonderful nurses and staff of Guiding Light Hospice, and owner Roy and staff of “Pill Box Pharmacy,” Khoury’s Spring Creek Market.

A Celebration of John’s Life will be held later in 2020.

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A Family in the Industry Cole and Katie Estill — a Sheepherder and a Vet Jennifer Whiteley

Nevada Rancher Magazine

What do you get when you cross a small-town vet student with a California cattle rancher and sheepherder? A Nevada sheep producer with a live-in vet!

Cole Estill was raised on the Bare Ranch near Eagleville, California, where his family runs both cattle and sheep. He and his sister had a partnership throughout high school and college raising sheep and cows. By the time his wife Katie had finished vet school in 2015, he had built up a herd of over 900 ewes.

According to Cole, “the sheep usually paid their own bills,” so when they dissolved the partnership, he took over the sheep part of it and left the cows to his sister.

He explains, “there not many young ranchers out there that are interested in sheep, so I figured there must be some opportunities to arise in the future if I stick with sheep.”

He loaded his sheep up on trucks and hauled them to Winnemucca.

“Since then I’ve been running sheep on mostly leased properties in Winnemucca and Near Eureka NV in the summer,” he says. “I also shear sheep for all the locals that need it as well as in Elko, and as far Duck water NV.” In addition to the sheep business, Cole day works in his spare time and he and his wife also raise Quarter Horses to train and sell.

Katie Estill grew up in Winnemucca, Nevada, where her dad has a medical practice. Her family partnered with friends who live on her family’s ranch near Paradise Valley, Nevada, and take care of it for her family.

“My father is a medical doctor, so we lived in town, and as kids we were sent to the ranch in the summer!” she explains.

Katie completed her undergrad at UNR, then received the WICHE scholarship for vet school, part of which stipulated she return to Nevada upon graduation to practice.

“I opened Desert Trails Veterinary Clinic in 2017, in hopes to provide the community with a valuable resource for animal care,” she says. “I have a clinic in town and also do mobile work.

I have worked from Gerlach to Eureka, but mostly hang around Winnemucca. We are always taking new clients.”

Katie has a clinic in Winnemucca and also does mobile work.

“We choose Winnemucca mostly because Katie had a good job there after she graduated from vet school. But also because there is a lot of Alfalfa feed around there in the fall and winter for the sheep,” explains Cole. “I run a commercial flock of Merino, Rambouillet, and Columbia ewes. I have a small

12

COURTESY PHOTOS

Katie and Cole Estill with two Livestock Guardian Dog pups that they donated to the California ram sale, for the guard dog defense fund auction.

Cole and Katie enjoy branding together. herd of Purebred Rambouillet ewes in which I raise rams for my own use and to sell at the California Ram Sale each year in April, in Porterville, CA.” Katie adds, “the sheep business is definitely challenging, but being able to produce two valuable products, meat and wool, is a great challenge. I have loved watching our wool quality improve while still having good looking lambs.”

For Cole, “the best part, is watching the lambs grow, watching the genetics I have selected grow up and change the bottom

line of the herd. There is always room to improve your animals.”

In addition to the crossbred Merino, Rambouillet and Columbia ewes, Cole and Katie raise purebred Rambouillet rams, which they sell for breeding primarily to ranchers in California.

Lambs are sold as yearlings, in time for breeding season.

They do not market to 4-H kids because their wool sheep don’t match what kids need for market projects. They also sell lambs to feedlots in Colorado, South Dakota, California, and Oregon, mostly over video auction.

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

Cole Estill on the shearing floor at the Estill Ranch. Cole is available for hire to shear for other local ranchers.

Dr. Katie Estill, DVM, examining a horse’s teeth. Katie is the owner of Desert Trails Vet Service.

They also sell some lambs locally for meat. Their wool is sent to Roswell Wool Warehouse in Bakersfield, California. From Roswell Wool Warehouse, the wool potential can be sold anywhere in the world. A lot of Estill’s wool has gone to Lempriere wool, a supplier of wool since 1857, and processed in Bulgaria.

Today, many sectors of production agriculture aren’t for the faint of heart.

Cole explains, “The coronavirus

has hurt the sheep industry pretty significantly. The slaughter lamb market dropped from $1.50 plus per pound to a dollar in March.

And this time of year is normally highest market of the year. This is mostly due to restaurant and cruise ship closures. Also, the wool is not moving. International trade is slow. Italy and China are the biggest processors of wool in the world, both countries got hit hard by the ‘Rona.”

It isn’t always easy juggling

careers and full-time jobs in the ag industry. Katie is on call nearly 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

“Cole and I have to schedule time in advance if we are gonna get any major work done together.

I often show up in the evening to help clean up or feed the crew,” she explains. “Cole has been really understanding of my having to answer phone calls or dash out mid work. As for the juggling separate careers and working together, we have yet to perfect

Cole includes the youth for the process of marking lambs out on the range. that. With all of the travel for the sheep, the most important thing for us has been to communicate well with each other. Not always easy when there is limited cell service, even a phone call makes a big difference.

“Cole and I definitely have different business management styles. He has been able to offer insight with the veterinary clinic that I was definitely lacking. I would hope he would say the same for me with the sheep!”

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Selecting a Livestock Guardian for the Flock Heather Smith Thomas

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

For hundreds of years, sheep and goat raisers have used “guardian” animals to live with their herds and flocks, to deter predators. Dogs are the most common flock guardians, but burros, llamas and occasionally a large horned cow or steer has been used for this purpose.

Any large animal that the flock can bond with and feel safe with can work. It’s nearly impossible to completely protect livestock from large predators like wolves, bears or cougars, but a good guardian animal can often discourage coyotes — the most common predator found in every geographic region.

Whether you choose guardian dogs, llamas, or donkeys will depend on your own situation, which includes the type of livestock, the predators in the area, as well as terrain.

GUARDIAN DOGS Guard dog breeds are generally large-framed animals (over 100 pounds), and tend to be unfriendly toward other dogs, keeping stray dogs away from the flock. They are bred to be work animals, not a family pet, living outdoors year-round.

They generally will not harass or kill livestock; their focus is to detect and deter predators. Most predators tend to stay away from dog-protected flocks to avoid being confronted by the guard dog.

There are many different guardian dog breeds used around the world, but the Great Pyrenees is probably the most widely used breed in North America. Originally bred by Basque shepherds in the mountainous region between Spain and France, they do best in large areas rather than in small pastures.

This breed is probably the least aggressive towards people and livestock. If you live in a populated area, these dogs can be a good fit, but their thick coat makes them a poor choice for hot, humid regions.

If you have a flock in large pastures, and a lot of predators, you might need a more aggressive breed. The Akbash is thought to be the most aggressive and protective breed. A Turkish breed, the Akbash dogs are white.

Hair length varies (one to eight inches long), as does weight; there are slender and stout individuals, but on average they are a bit smaller than most other guardian dogs.

The Anatolian Shepherd is also from Turkey. This breed is large, muscular and imposing, with a reserved temperament. They are extremely devoted to the herd, but may not be friendly toward humans.

Historically, Anatolian dogs were left alone with their flocks for extended periods. Being short-haired they can withstand hot weather.

The larger Anatolian-type dogs, often called Kangals, are often able to fight wolves and big cats, being more athletic, faster, and more vicious in a fight than many other breeds. A large male Anatolian or Kangal weighs 150-175 pounds.

The Maremma, also called

14

COURTESY PHOTO

Guard dog Reba lives to protect this flock of Herondale sheep.

Marremmano, is a breed that originated in central Italy. These dogs are small (typically under 100 pounds) but fiercely loyal to their flock.

The Komondor, from Hungary, has long, heavy, felt-like cords of hair like dreadlocks, which provides protection from weather and bites from wolves. This thick coat requires a lot of care, and some people just clip it. These dogs weigh 80 to 100 pounds are 25 to 27 inches tall. These are very protective and territorial.

Individual dogs can vary, regardless of breed, and some work better than others. If you start with a puppy, wait until it’s about two months old to bring it home, and then immediately put it with the flock so it can start bonding with the animals it is supposed to protect.

Guardian dogs must live with your livestock, not with you. They tend to always guard and protect the animals they imprint on as a pup. It usually takes 12 to 24 months for puppies to become effective guardian dogs.

They become a member of the flock or herd, blending in with them, watching for intruders.

Guardian dogs confront predators by intimidation, barking, and displaying aggressive behavior, and may attack a predator if it doesn’t immediately leave. Some dogs actively look for predators within their territory, trying to catch and kill them.

Some stay with the livestock all the time, while others prefer to roam the perimeter of the herd.

Some are very aggressive and chase predators that invade their territory, and others stay with the flock and bark to warn off predators.

Guardian dogs require very little care, except to increase the amount of feed offered during extremely cold weather and/or increase

the fat/energy content of the feed during the winter months.

Some people provide self-feeders for their dogs, allowing the dog to decide when it needs more feed.

These dogs often choose to stay outdoors in all weather conditions, so they need more feed in cold weather. They generally use the same shelter as the sheep they protect.

DONKEYS OR BURROS One of the disadvantages to dogs is the expense of feeding them; large dogs eat a lot of dog food, whereas donkeys eat what the sheep or goats eat and are more self-sufficient.

Another advantage is that donkeys live longer than dogs and with proper management you can expect donkeys to provide at least 10 to 15 years of protection. It will usually cost less to purchase and maintain donkeys than guard dogs since donkeys will eat homegrown feed.

Lush pasture or high-quality legume hay should be avoided, however, because donkeys have a low energy requirement and can get too fat or develop metabolic disorders and laminitis (founder), or hyperlipaemia (a condition sometimes seen in donkeys, with too much fat in the blood).

Donkeys do well on good grass hay and in most cases will not need any grain. They require the basic care that you’d give any equine, including hoof trimming as needed, along with regular vaccinations and deworming.

Donkeys or burros can deter predators because if they see or hear one they bray. This instinctive response to canines is often enough to cause predators to leave. When approached by a predator, sheep tend to move toward the guard animal for protection, and the donkey’s loud brays and pursuit will generally scare it away.

Donkeys often confront and chase

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

dogs or coyotes out of the pasture.

If the canines do not retreat, the donkeys may attack them, striking with both front feet. A direct hit can injure, kill or discourage the predator.

Donkeys are very territorial and instinctually aggressive to canines.

They can be formidable fighters — biting, kicking, and chasing intruders. Horses (being herd animals) tend to flee from danger before using their teeth and hooves to protect themselves, but the donkey’s fight instinct is triggered more quickly because in the wild they generally lived alone.

If the donkey becomes bonded to its flock and stays with them, the sheep regard the donkey as a protector and gather near or behind the donkey if a threat is perceived. A jenny with a foal is the best guardian because she will be extremely wary of potential threats and predators.

The foal, if it is raised with a flock, usually becomes a good livestock protector because it is so bonded to and comfortable with its pasture companions. Not all donkeys make good livestock guardians, however, because some donkeys will be overly aggressive with the sheep. Jacks are not recommended because they can be too aggressive.

LLAMAS Some people use llamas as guardian animals because they can bond with and stay with the flock, and tend to approach any dog, coyote, or fox that comes near. The predator, being approached by this larger, tall animal, generally will turn tail and run.

Llamas can guard for many years (15 to 20 with good care), and don’t require any special feeding. Llamas are more easily accepted than a guard dog by dog-fearing livestock.

One benefit of llamas is their

docile disposition. They generally don’t shy away from danger and are generally calm.

Predators tend to be cautious unless they are extremely hungry or have pups to protect, so just seeing these large animals move toward them is usually a deterrent. For a small herd close to your house, llamas could be a good option to dissuade smaller predators, but won’t be able to deter wolves or cougars.

Llamas can become livestock protectors because they are social animals that don’t want to live alone. If they are the only members of their species in a pasture, they tend to bond with the other animals and are aggressive toward canines.

When the llama sees a predator it often responds with a high-pitched scream, often followed by posturing that includes spitting and moving towards the predator. The primary means of defense is to charge, and strike at or stomp on small predators.

Larger animals and humans may be charged and knocked down or kept cornered. A single guard llama will have difficulty deterring multiple dogs or coyotes that team up as a pack, however.

Some llamas place themselves between the threat and their flock or may attempt to herd them away from the threat. Llamas may use their height and long necks to scan the surrounding landscape for potential danger, or patrol their area.

Not all llamas are suitable guardians. Some ignore dogs; others run from dogs and are vulnerable to attack themselves. Immature llamas do not have the confidence or physical ability to guard successfully.

A guard llama needs to be on duty at all times so it can’t be a pet, or a pack animal. Females work best; male llamas (even if gelded) may be too aggressive or may even try to breed the sheep.

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IT MUST BE GENETIC! Fourth-generation Sheep, Cattle Rancher Shares her Experiences Raising Sheep Kimberlee Kerns

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

I grew up in Keating, Oregon, just east of Baker City.

My great grandfather Harry moved here from North Platte, Nebraska with his parents in 1900 and started homesteading in 1912.

Later, he acquired several homesteads around his homestead and a property in the Baker Valley and Keating Valley. We still run cattle and sheep on the original homestead, which is pretty cool.

My grandpa, Ralph Jacobs started herding sheep when he was 6.

My great grandfather had some things to do on the ranch and sent grandpa towards spring pasture with a band of ewes and a dog.

Grandpa said the dog took off chasing a car not long after they left, and he was just there with the sheep. He really loved herding sheep.

We had Hereford cattle up until the big financial wreck in the ‘80s and now we raise mostly Angus. Growing up I showed Herefords and was the Oregon Hereford Queen for a couple years, so I guess maybe it was genetic.

I graduated from high school in Baker City and after a couple years of trying out different schools, it turns out Northern Idaho isn’t my jam, finally landed at Montana State University.

My college roommate, Ryan Sankey and I didn’t really want to go back to shoveling manure on our respective family outfits right out of college, so we opened a western boutique in Red Lodge, Montana. I don’t handle being cooped up indoors real well though, so I had a ranch job on the side, which kept me horseback and well exercised for a few years.

A good friend in college gave me my first stock dog, a Border Collie named P, short for Pendleton. He was a fantastic first dog; he made dog work fun and made me want to learn more.

Then I purchased a puppy from Oaktree Border Collies in Oklahoma named Rye. She was a lot more complicated and a lot more dog. We just lost her this last winter at age 10 — that was really tough.

Since then I’ve had several Border Collies and a few Kelpies. I honestly don’t know what people do without a stock dog. I do a lot of cattle work by myself and they’re

16

PHOTOS: KIMBERLEE KERNS

LEFT: Me, marking lambs in 1986. RIGHT: Great grandpa Harry purchased 3 top-selling Herford bulls at this sale. I like to think I acquired his appreciation for good stock.

My grandma Hildreth with bum lambs sometime in the ‘60s. Instead of hand feeding, we have an automatic milk feeder that can handle 100 lambs.

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

My Texas ewes I leased on spring range in 2012. absolutely worth every minute and penny you spend on them.

Right now, I have 4 Border Collies and a Kelpie.

Border Collies are, and always will be my favorite, but the Kelpie, Ike, was designed to thrive in a hot, dry, miserable environment and she does great here in the summer.

We have been raising sheep since 1926. I love to read my great grandpa’s camp tending notes. It seems like sheepherders haven’t changed much in 95 years — besides that they have iPhones now and don’t smoke loose tobacco.

We used to trail sheep to the forest for the summer, but between the endangered species act pushing us out of our original summer range and the public being increasingly difficult to deal with we just truck now.

It’s kind of a bummer, because I remember one of the last times we trailed sheep home from the mountains. I was pretty little, but I remember riding the sheep camp horse down into the Baker Valley and my dad making applesauce cake in the Dutch oven in camp. I bet we never get to do anything like that again.

I leased a band of ewes myself from a rancher in Texas in 2011 when Texas was going through that tremendous drought. It was a full-on train wreck in every way possible, but that’s another story for another day.

I couldn’t find a herder and ended up herding myself for several months.

Honestly, I think I learned more about sheep in those 6 months herding than I could’ve ever learned in school.

These days we run sheep in the spring and cattle April-December on

deeded ground including the old homestead and a few chunks of BLM attached to it. It’s mostly sagebrush country, with a little patch of timber in the middle.

The sheep summer near Meacham in Umatilla County. Our biggest challenge in both places with the sheep is predators.

We’ve got them all except grizzlies. In 2009 we recorded the first confirmed Oregon wolf depredations since reintroduction, an honor we’d have preferred avoiding.

We got our first livestock guard dog in the mid 80’s through a university program and currently employ 5 LGD’s.

My favorite is a big male Akbash mix my husband and I received as a wedding gift from Mill Iron S Ranch in Idaho.

Last summer he treed a lamb buyer in his pickup and would not let him out, plenty of folks ought to appreciate that! We also use an Electronet fence as a night pen, I was skeptical at the beginning, but we haven’t lost a sheep at night to predators in 6 years, so I’ve come around.

My favorite part of agriculture is watching a plan come together, whether it is a breeding project or a rangeland improvement project. Success or failure, you always learn something. I like to honor and admire what those before us did and how they did it, but I like to think we are always capable of learning and doing better.

Problems facing the livestock industry keep me up at night more than I think I should probably let them. Between politics, environmental group pressure, vertical integration fears and a consumer base that’s increasingly disconnected from

From left: Bug, Mona, Nip, Ike and Mae. I honestly don’t know what people do without a stock dog. I do a lot of cattle work by myself, and the dogs are absolutely worth every minute and penny you spend on them. Right now, I have four Border Collies and a Kelpie. agriculture there’s a lot to worry about and it’s hard to pick a frontrunner.

Today, as I write this, I’m pretty nervous about all the fallout from COVID-19. I’m uncomfortable taking bailout money — I don’t want to be bailed out. I want to be able to feed and clothe people and make enough money to live, ride a decent horse and have a few nice dogs.

The way things are set up right now make it pretty difficult to do that, but I don’t have many answers or words of wisdom.

I do know we all need to help each other out and try to find some common ground, because the infighting within the industry disgusts me and I think it’s what will destroy us all if we can’t get along with our neighbors no matter what industry group they subscribe to.

J.K. Rowling wrote in the 4th Harry Potter: “We are only as strong as we are united, as weak as we are divided.”

Kimberlee Kerns is a fifthgeneration Oregonian and fourth-generation rancher in Baker County Oregon.

She and her husband, Jeff, live and work together on her family’s ranch raising cattle and sheep and making excellent stock dogs.

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THE NEVADA RANCHER — JANUARY 2020

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Ranching Scrapbook Why Won’t the Dog Listen to the Shepherd’s Jokes Anymore?

Jennifer Whiteley

Nevada Rancher Magazine

It’s probably because the dog has “herd” them all! Maybe you have too! Hopefully a few of these corny jokes can bring a smile to your face and maybe a chuckle or two. Share them with your kids or grandkids! We can all use a laugh now and then.

1. What is a sheep’s ultimate goal? To wool the world!

2. Where do sheep get their wool cut? The baa-baa shop!

3. Why are sheep such bad drivers? They always make illegal ewe turns!

4. What do you get if you cross a kangaroo and a sheep? A woolly good jumper.

5. A sheep, a drum and a

snake fall off a cliff. What sound do they make? Baaa-Dum-Tssss!

6. What do you get if you cross a lamb and a rocket? A space sheep!

7. What do sheep wear to work? Ewe-niforms!

8. Where do sheep go on vacation? The Baa-hamas!

9. At the end of the day, a border collie reported back to the

grazier, “All fifty sheep accounted for, boss!” “Wait, I only have 48 sheep!” he replied. “I know,” said the dog, “but I rounded them up.”

10. What do you call 100 sheep rolling down a hill? A lambslide!

This spring has been a tough one for the sheep industry.

The American Sheep Industry Association estimates $125

million in immediate damages for sheep producers and a $350 million loss spread over the entire 2020 lamb crop due to the coronavirus.

Here is hoping that things normalize soon, exports open up and eastern restaurants and cruise ships are up and running again to boost the sheep economy.

PHOTO: KATIE KERN

Moms are the best!

PHOTO: AMANDA KERR

What are EWE looking at?

PHOTO: THAYSHA GROVES

Helping Mom to bring the lambs out for some sun.

PHOTO: JANET JOHNSON

A mother’s day bummer lamb gets a new mother.

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THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

PHOTO: LACEY ELAM

Brothers on the run.

PHOTO: ECHO CHABOT MATHEWS

The boys with their bummer!

PHOTO: SHEENA CERRI

Where’s Waldo?

PHOTO: TIFFANY WRATCHFORD

Practice time!

PHOTO: THAYSHA GROVES

Feeding little Jerry before we move cows!

PHOTO: LACEY ELAM

Ewe babysitting service.

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

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Sheep Industry has Concerns about H-2A Heather Smith Thomas

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

Agricultural employers in the U.S. have often faced a shortage of available domestic workers who are able, willing and qualified to fill seasonal jobs. The H-2A program was instituted to meet this need for seasonal and temporary labor, without adding permanent residents to the population.

Finding competent labor is becoming an increasing challenge for ranchers, and especially western sheep ranchers who need herders for large flocks on range pastures, and competent help during lambing season.

All H-2A jobs are posted, and give qualified Americans the first opportunity. Very few people in the U.S. want to do this kind of work; the most dependable and competent sheepherders have traditionally been from other countries — and many of them have returned for multiple contracts with their current employers, tending sheep.

The H-2A program was intended to help these employer-employee partnerships continue, but in recent years things have changed.

The sheep industry has had the H-2A program since the 1950’s, with special provisions that apply to sheepherders (allowing minimum absence) because of the uniqueness of their job.

“The 364-day visa for sheep herders dates back to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, which created the H-2 program,” says Monica Youree, Executive Director of Western Range Association (based in Twin Falls, Idaho). “The Department of Homeland Security H-2A regulations define a ‘temporary need’ as lasting not longer than a year for any given visa.

“The industry provisions for herders on the range were administered through Training and Employment Guidance Letters (TEGL’s) through the Department of Labor (DOL). In 2015 the DOL wrote new regulations

COURTESY PHOTO

for the range provisions to replace the guidance letters.”

After the regulations were enacted, the

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Hispanic Affairs Project and 4 individual herders brought suit against the DOL. The lawsuit, Hispanic Affairs Project v.

Acosta, 901 F.3d 378, 386 (D.C. Cir. 2018), challenged the Department of Labor and Homeland Security’s 364-day certification period for H-2A visas and the practice of automatically extending “temporary” H-2A petitions for multiple years.

They challenged the DOL’s decision in the 2015 Rule to classify herding as “temporary” employment and then allowing the workers to stay for multiple 364-day periods.

The lawsuit claimed that such visas are only supposed to be issued for temporary or seasonal worker needs, but the agencies often allowed employers to employ herders on H-2A visas for work that is year-round, non-seasonal, and that lasts for up to three years at a time.

The Hispanic Affairs Project challenged the certification period, as well as the agencies’ practice of routinely extending those visas.

The Western Range Association disagreed with the lawsuit’s claim that the agencies were not following the law or that DHS has been arbitrary with a “de facto policy of authorizing long-term visas.” Youree says that each petition and the beneficiaries have been not only reviewed, but scrutinized

just as all other H-2A petitions.

The lawsuit also challenged the 2015 Rule’s minimum wage rate for herders. Minimum wages and working condition requirements for H-2A workers are also set by the Labor Department.

Employers of herders, however, were exempt from the minimum-wage requirement due to the position’s unique characteristics. The 2015 rule laid out several regulations, including minimum wage standards, regulations that also applied to the open-range herders.

The Hispanic affairs project contended that the minimum wage set by the 2015 rule was unjustifiably low.

The court ruled otherwise.

“In August 2018, the DC Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the Department of Labor stating that the wages were appropriate as related to the minimum wage rate aspect of the case,” says Youree.

The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) on November 14, 2019 published a policy memorandum (PM) and “Guidance on H-2A Petitions for Sheep/Goat Herders” that requires requests for temporary foreign workers for range sheep or goat herding or production be subject to the same requirements as other temporary agricultural workers — to ensure that H-2A nonimmigrant

sheep/goat herders may only fill temporary and/or seasonal herder positions, and that petitioners filing petitions for permanent sheep/goat herders comply with the requirements applicable to permanent positions.

Under the PM, H-2A sheep/goat herder petitions will be subject to the same temporary or seasonal need analysis that applies to all other H-2A petitions, and petitions seeking to hire H-2A sheep/goat herders for 364-day back-toback periods (or similarly lengthy, consecutive periods for the same job duties for a sheep/goat herder position) with no meaningful break between them will not be approved if the petitioner cannot prove it has a temporary or seasonal need for the workers.

The PM stated that this will ensure that USCIS consistently applies H-2A regulations on temporariness and seasonality to H-2A sheep/goat herder petitions, and that the wages and working conditions of similarly situated U.S. workers are not depressed by the employment of H-2A temporary workers.

“This PM will assist in safeguarding the integrity of the H-2A program, which was intended for agricultural labor or services that are temporary or seasonal in nature.

Adjudicating the temporariness and seasonality of H-2A sheep/goat herder

petitions with the same criteria as other H-2A petitions will also support consistency and fairness while protecting the interests of U.S. workers (for example, their wages and job opportunities).

The PM is not intended to alter current policy or practice for the adjudication of non-sheep herding or goat herding H-2A petitions, but to ensure that USCIS adjudicates all H-2A sheep/ goat herder petitions on a caseby-case basis, considering the totality of the facts presented, and in the same manner as all other H-2A petitions, consistent with the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) and existing regulations.

“Effective June 1, 2020, USCIS will adjudicate any Form I-129, Petition for Nonimmigrant Worker, filed by petitioners seeking H-2A sheep/goat herder positions in line with this PM. USCIS believes the future effective date allows H-2A petitioners to amend their practices, as necessary.

“This PM is being issued in response to a lawsuit brought by worker advocates challenging USCIS adjudications of H-2A sheep herding and goat herding petitions and the D.C. Circuit’s order in that case, Hispanic Affairs Project v. Acosta, 901 F.3d 378, 386 (D.C. Cir. 2018).

USCIS agrees with the order and interprets the D.C. Circuit Court’s opinion as indicating

that consecutive, back-to-back 364-day approvals of H-2A sheep/goat herder petitions (or similarly lengthy, consecutive periods for the same job duties for a sheep/goat herder position) with no material or meaningful break between them would violate the INA and Department of Homeland Security regulations, absent a petitioner establishing that its need is in fact seasonal or temporary.”

There was a comment period from Nov. 14 to Dec. 14, 2019 to allow people to respond to the Policy Memorandum.

“Western Range Association and Mountain Plains Agricultural Service both submitted comments to the proposed changes to the PM,” says Youree.

The Western Range Association (WRA) works with state sheep organizations and their members (sheep ranchers pay dues to the WRA), helps facilitate communication with the government, handles some of the H-2A requirements and tries to help resolve problems.

“The Department of Labor insists that travel for each herder, to and from their home country, is provided, and the WRA helps facilitate compliance on this aspect of the regulation with their members’ purchasing these tickets and prorating the cost over the maximum time a man could stay,” she explains.

During the past decade, the

Read past issues of the

USCIS’s three-month out-ofcountry stay requirement forced many ranchers to send men home before the 36-month work period was over.

For example, most herders arrived the first of March to be here in time for shearing and lambing but in order to meet the out-of-country stay and allow time for the new visa to be processed these men had to return to their own country the preceding November.

Visas for the employees can be another headache. Ranchers must be proactive and know when the visas expire. The WRA advises their members to plan ahead, expect the paperwork (on the government side) to be slow, to call frequently, and submit all requests for new visas, travel, cancellations, etc. in writing — and confirm with the office that all records and match.

Youree says the most significant changes in the H-2A program that are coming are the result of the lawsuit Hispanic Affairs Project v. Acosta, 901 F.3d 378 (D.C. Cir. 2018).

“The visas that we’ve had for our herders were 364-day visas.

Those will be going away as of June 2020. We will have to start filing visas for seasonal time frames, which we expect will be about 10 months. We will have to defend the seasonality of the job. The intent of the program is to not have year-round

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non-seasonal ongoing workers,” she says. “We’ll need to prove the seasonality of each of the jobs that we apply for, and the same worker could potentially fill each of those jobs. However, any domestic worker who is able, willing and qualified will get the first shot at each of these job.”

The employer will have to put in multiple applications for the various jobs. This will add more regulations and red tape for ranchers to deal with.

“All of agriculture is struggling with labor issues and the H-2A program has been a good help for agriculture, but the increased regulation and red tape definitely makes it harder, not only for current large ag employers but also the small operators who are unable to find just one or two guys they need. This change will involve more record-keeping, and the regulations just keep growing,” she explains. “The visa changes will occur as a result of the lawsuit. There is some proposed legislation—the Farm Worker Modernization Act--that has passed the House, and we are hoping it will get picked up in the Senate. The intent of this legislation is to add an avenue for a year-round worker.

“This legislation was actually brought up through the dairy industry, but within it the sheep ranchers may get an avenue for a year-round worker again. Even

though our work is seasonal because of lambing, range herding, etc. we will have to defend our need for workers by each season, under the new rules that are coming.”

If this legislation passes, it may give some relief to the problem.

“The Senate has to come out with a similar bill and pass it,” she says.

The lawsuit has spurred the biggest change in the western range livestock production labor issues, since the new rules that came in 2015, putting the Guidance Letters for Range Provisions into regulation.

“When you sign up for the H-2A program you are agreeing to an audit or inspection at any point in time. Fortunately we haven’t seen very many audits.

The government is not just coming out and checking randomly; we don’t believe they have been given the directive to do that,” she says. “In the August 2018 court decision, we were able to get the monthly salary confirmed by the court (since that was being questioned in that case), so we can continue to pay the workers a monthly wage.”

When ranchers find someone who is good, dependable help, they want to be able to keep that worker. It’s difficult to find good help; turnover in this business is expensive — to train someone new.

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THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

21

Grasshopper and Cricket Control Steve Foster

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

Already this year, I have seen reports of large populations of Mormon Crickets and Grasshoppers. So, the question is, “What can I do about controlling these critters?”

According to Jeff Knight, State Entomologist, Nevada Department of Agriculture, “Grasshoppers come from wet weather, crickets from droughts. As pests go, grasshoppers are worse … they eat everything.”

The most important factors affecting their populations are weather related, particularly around the time of egg hatch.

For example, cold, wet weather is very destructive to newly hatched grasshoppers.

However, very dry winter and spring conditions also can be harmful to survival since required tender new plant growth is not available.

Grasshoppers and crickets are closely related insects that belong to the Order Orthoptera. Nearly 400 grasshopper species inhabit the 17 Western States, but only a small percentage are considered pest species.

Grasshoppers eat plants, but most specialize on grasses or broadleaf plants. Hungry

grasshoppers like gardens because they have optimal moisture and excellent plant growing conditions that provide an abundant food supply.

As nymphs, grasshoppers tend to congregate and remain near their hatching areas. They will remain there as long as there is an adequate supply of food and shelter.

When food runs out, they will move. Immature grasshoppers cannot move very far, because they do not have wings, but winged adults can fly for miles in search of new food sources.

Among vegetable crops, certain plants are favored, such as lettuce, carrots, beans, sweet corn, and onions. Squash, peas, and tomatoes (leaves, not fruit) are among the plants that tend to be avoided. Grasshoppers less commonly feed on leaves of trees and shrubs.

However, during outbreak years even these may be damaged. Furthermore, grasshoppers may incidentally damage shelterbelt plantings when they rest on twigs and gnaw on bark, sometimes causing small branches to die back.

During periods when a local outbreak develops, control usually involves using sprays or baits.

To be successful these control

COURTESY PHOTOS

Female Mormon cricket (Anabrus simplex). measures need to be applied to developing stages of grasshoppers and concentrated at sites where egg laying occurs.

Ability to control grasshoppers declines as grasshoppers develop and migrate.

Treatments should be directed at the young grasshoppers and nearby vegetation present in

these breeding sites. Insecticide options are greater for larger acreages and unit costs are less expensive. The addition of canola oil to insecticide sprays can improve control by making treated foliage more attractive to feeding grasshoppers.

Alternately, baits containing carbaryl (Sevin) can be

broadcasted. Bait formulations are made by mixing the insecticide with bran or some other carrier and kill grasshoppers that feed on the bait. These treatments limit application effects on other insects present in the treated area.

However, availability of Sevin baits is frequently limited, or

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THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

INSECTICIDES USED TO CONTROL GRASSHOPPERS

Common Name: Trade Name(s) — Labeled Uses, Comments Carbaryl: Sevin — Most formulations allow use on a wide variety of fruits and vegetables (1-14 day preharvest interval). Available for use as sprays, dust and in baits.

Acephate: Orthene — Has systemic activity in plants and may persist longer than most other insecticides. Uses are limited to non-edible crops.

Permethrin: Many trade names — Widely available for garden use and most formulations allow use on a wide variety of fruits and vegetables.

Fairly short persistence of effect for grasshopper control.

Diflubenzuron: Dimilin — Growth regulator that affects chitin formation as grasshopper nymphs molt. Effective only on immature insects but has long residual activity. Restricted Use insecticide. Most use will be by licensed pesticide applicators on pastures.

Nosema locustae: NOLO Bait, Semaspore — A biological control that produces infection from a protozoan. It is relatively slow acting and only effective against young grasshoppers. Use allowed in Certified Organic crop production. prohibitively priced for use on large areas. Baits must be reapplied after rain. Insecticide treatments do not need to completely cover the area since grasshoppers are mobile. Insecticides applied as bands covering 50 percent of the area, or even less, have proved very effective for control of grasshoppers in rangelands.

Backpack sprayers and application equipment modified for use on ATVs can be used in larger acreages.

A review of this method, known as Reduced Area Acreage Treatments (RAATS) has been prepared by the University of Wyoming at sdvc.uwyo.edu/ grasshopper/atvraats.htm.

Where grasshoppers develop

over large areas and impact several properties, coordinated area-wide control is very useful.

As this requires some additional preparations in planning, early surveys are even more important. Grasshopper control often is much more successful as a community effort.

Once grasshoppers have reached the adult stage and migrations occur, some insecticides may be applied directly to plants.

Such applications have only short effectiveness and damage can occur before individual grasshoppers are killed. Furthermore, the choice of insecticides is more limited since few allow direct application to garden fruit and vegetables (be sure to read

Melanoplus devastator grasshopper. the label).

Federal land management agencies, State agriculture departments, county and local governments, private groups, and/or individuals can request assistance from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) to

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suppress rangeland grasshopper populations.

Under the Plant Protection Act (PPA), APHIS has the authority, subject to funding availability, to treat Federal, State, or private lands that have economic damage.

Closing note, it is rumored that crickets can tell the outside

temperature: Count the number of chirps they make in one minute, divide by four and then add the number 40 to reach the outside temperature.

Steve Foster is an Extension Educator in Pershing County with the University Of Nevada Cooperative Extension.

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23

PHOTOS: STEVE RANSON/LAHONTAN VALLEY NEWS

Sand Hill Dairy, which has about 500 cows, is located on Trento Lane.

A Moooving Experience Sand Hill Dairy Hands Out Hundreds of Gallons of Milk Steve Ranson

Lahontan Valley News

Vehicles began arriving at Sand Hill Dairy on Trento Lane shortly before 7 a.m. Thursday morning, April 30.

Cars and trucks almost bumper-to-bumper and stirring up the country dust crawled inside the yard, many of the occupants getting a quick opportunity to meet the Alves family and also receive a couple of gallons of whole or 2% milk.

For dairy owners Isidro and Heather Alves, the gesture was to thank the community for their support and also help families with one of the basic needs of life — milk — during the coronavirus pandemic.

“We gave away 1,400 gallons of milk,” Alves said later that day. “I saw the response from Facebook for the last two days, and I told my plant manager we needed more milk.”

Alves had a small inventory of

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Sand Hill Dairy handed out about 1,400 gallons of milk on April 30 for free.

2% milk, so he added that to the gallons of whole milk.

“We wanted to keep it simple,” he added.

While people thanked Alves, Heather and sons Brenan, 12, and Brady, 14, for their

generosity, the dairy owner said he saw how deeply moved the people were based on their comments left on several Facebook pages, including a photo album and video on the Lahontan Valley News page.

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

Isidro and Heather Alves own the family operated Sand Hill Dairy west of Fallon.

“I didn’t expect this kind of response,” he said. “The response is amazing, the gratitude is amazing.”

Mike Ward waited a short time to receive two gallons of milk. A Fallon native, Ward said he wasn’t surprised by the dairy’s generosity.

“Isidro is such a community-minded individual, and it was an overwhelming show of gratitude for the community and a show of support for people during this time of great need,” he said.

Other residents were just as appreciative.

“Days around here have gotten so monotonous and this was not only a way to change things up, but such a bright spot in the day,” Juliann Campbell Lambson said. “It was an incredible example for my kids how even though times are scary and things are uncertain, there are still kind people and little glimmers of hope shining through. And it’s those moments, and those people that give us strength to make it through and feel like things might just end up OK.” Teri Peck said what the Alves’ family did is another example of a small town with a big heart.

“Those young men worked so hard this morning and were so polite while handing out the milk,” It’s so nice to see how a small community pulls together. Doesn’t matter if it’s a parade to honor the athletes, an amazing volunteer fire department putting in countless hours, local Farmers Market, Cantaloupe Festival, a crisis, etc. everyone always manages to pull together.”

Sharon Lee called the thought “awesome.”

“Many folks probably did not know much about Sand Hill Dairy, let alone that it was here in Fallon,”

she said. “Things are tough right now for everyone, but the dairy business and meat producers are really feeling the pinch. So next time you’re in a store that sells Sand Hill milk, buy some. I grew up on a dairy and this is as close to real milk as it comes.

P.S. The chocolate milk is amazing.”

More than 100 comments were left on the Sand Hill Dairy album on the LVN Facebook page.

Alves said the handouts had nothing to do with what dairy producers are facing in the Midwest and other sections of the country.

Because of lower prices and demand, many producers are dumping their milk. Not with Alves. All producers, he said, are facing the prospect of selling some of their herd to break even.

“This had nothing to do with that,” Alves said of the plight facing Midwest dairymen. “I thought what could we do for the community.”

The Alves family opened their dairy in 2003 and began processing milk, which includes chocolate and strawberry, and several types of cheese in 2012.

Since Sand Hill Dairy belongs to a cooperative, he said some of their milk is also transported to the Dairy Farmers of America dry milk processing plant southeast of Fallon. The dairy has about 500 cows.

Sand Hill, the only farmstead dairy in Nevada, also sell its milk and cheese directly to stores and restaurants. Alves said Sand Hill best supports the retail accounts by having them sell the products.

Alves also found success with his chocolate milk, which received top honors from afoolzerrand.com that ranks the world’s best chocolate milks. Only a perfect score has been

Brady Alves hands out a gallon of Sand Hill milk. awarded 26 times, and Sand Hill Dairy earned perfection last year.

Founder Perry James was impressed: “A strapping meathook of buttery cream grabs you by the scruff of the neck and takes you on an adventure you won’t soon forget. It’s wilder than average, saltier than sweet, uniquely fascinating, and entirely delicious! I drank the whole pint before writing a single word (luckily I had 2 bottles) — so it effectively rendered me in a listless stupor— albeit slightly more alert than my default state. Touché.”

Another twist to Sand Hill Dairy’s milk is in the processing. Alves said the milk is not homogenized, meaning the cream will rise to the top. Alves said the best way to keep the cream from rising to the top is to shake the milk for

a more wholesome taste.

He considers it a return to the old days when milk was produced.

Locally, Alves said Sand Hill products are sold at Skip’s Market, Safeway,

Raley’s in Fernley and Yerington, Heck’s Meat Market and I7 Meat & Cattle Company and in the following eating or coffee establishments: Ana’s, Telegraph Coffee,

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JD Slingers, Skeeters, Stone Cabin Coffee and The Slanted Porch. Sand Hill’s website lists all the businesses in western Nevada that offers milk and/ or cheese products.

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THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

25

Lumpy Lambs Sarah P Hummel, DVM

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

You never know exactly what you are going to run into as a mobile veterinarian, so you always try to be prepared with the proper equipment and as much knowledge as you can possibly stuff in your brain and realize that there are some things out there that are going to stump you despite your careful preparation.

I had to go to Dufurrena Sheep Company for some veterinary work on a beautiful April day. While I was there, Ginny showed me some of her projects, gave me some chorizo and then off-handedly asked if I would peak at a group of leppy lambs really quick because a couple of them had these odd lumps under their chin. I immediately thought about abscesses.

These are leppies, prone to getting every sickness known to modern medicine. The lambs were about three weeks old and incredibly healthy and vibrant thanks to Ginny’s amazing diligence in lamb raising and her new lamb milk machine which made feeding the 70 or so head way more efficient.

There were a couple in the group with growths immediately below their jaw line in the middle of their necks. As I looked and felt around the other lambs in the group, I quickly noticed the vast majority of them had these bi-lobed, firm growths in

the exact same spots.

Goiter! I thought. But then I hesitated, small ruminants like lambs or kids that suffer from goiter rarely live, and if they do they are in tough shape. It sure looked like goiter, it was in the area of the thyroid (goiter is enlargement of the thyroid gland), but the clinical picture did not fit.

Goiter is the enlarged thyroid gland (a small bi-lobed gland that straddles your trachea). It is most commonly caused by iodine deficiencies, but can be from ingestion of certain plants (especially soybeans, cabbage, kale and turnips) as well as iodine toxicity (too much iodine).

Iodine is used by the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine, which is, simply put, the hormone that regulated metabolism.

Fetuses are more susceptible to the affects of iodine deficiency.

Goiter most commonly affects newborn pigs, lambs and calves but can affect all mammals. Most of these animals die at or soon after birth even with aggressive treatment. With outbreaks, we usually try to supplement the dams prior to birthing.

Iodized salts have vastly decreased the amount of goiter that we see today. Ginny was supplementing her lambs with salt blocks but I recommended some loose iodized salt as an additional treatment for goiter, because that is all I had to go with at the time. There was no way 20 or so lambs had identical abscesses in the same area at

the same time, or enlarged lymph nodes for that matter.

Casseous lymphadenitis are abscessations of lymph nodes caused by a bacteria, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which can occur in outbreaks, but none of these growths were softening to an abscess.

I knew I was missing something.

The next day Ginny and Hank were in town and I looked up some recommendations for iodine supplement and had them enquire at the feed store for recommendations. The strong iodine they use as a naval dip actually gets into the blood stream and can be an ok supplement surprisingly.

Also there are a variety of feed through supplements and injectable supplements as well. But the lambs were doing great. They were vigorously eating, growing well, none of them appeared sick.

So I cracked open the books and reached out to the veterinary community. All of my differentials were possible, but one such condition I had not heard of became my biggest suspicion.

There is a condition affecting healthy, fast growing small ruminants on really good feed. It occurs because the thymus enlarges. It is actually called milk goiter because it looks so similar to goiter.

This made the most sense. Ginny kept an eye on the group as well as the other lambs.

They all stayed happy and healthy. None of them broke with abscesses. So we are

COURTESY PHOTO

calling that a happy case closed.

Milk Goiter was a surprise I have to admit. I can add it to my ever-growing list of causes of lumps and bumps. There is a saying that common things happen commonly, but every once and awhile we veterinarians are surprised to learn of new conditions. It keeps us on our toes. Happy June everyone.

Stay safe and healthy!

Sarah Hummel DVM

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THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

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To help the industry through this daunting time, University of Nevada, Reno Extension recently offered free online updates and question-and-answer sessions with various experts.

Lindsay Chichester, Extension educator in Douglas County, Nevada, put together the series, “Agriculture: Living Beyond a Pandemic.”

Known as “Dr. Lindsay” to many in the country’s agriculture industry and on social media, Chichester understands the ups and downs of farming and ranch life, growing up on a cattle and sheep ranch in northern California, and going on to earn a master’s degree in animal science and a doctorate in agricultural sciences. Lindsay said this is truly a baffling time for many of the nation’s agricultural producers.

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The Cowboy Pastor’s Wife

Calling All Sheep Norma Elliott

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

M

y mother-in-law was raised on a sheep ranch. Her dad and three sisters tended, gathered, lambed, marked and raised thousands of sheep.

By time I met her though, thirty odd years ago, she had around 300 of the gals in her flock. I always thought they were “cute,” like pets. Back then, I didn’t realize how deep her roots ran in the sheep industry. Her great, great uncle had brought some of the first sheep into far west Texas.

At the time, it was frowned on by this establishment, namely cattle ranchers and he quickly ended up in jail. Cattle ranchers, in fact thought of sheep ranchers as a lowly sort.

“They’ll ruin the country!” is what they’d say. Regardless, he had one of the first sheep ranches in this part of Texas. They managed hundreds of sections, and had thousands of sheep. Quite an accomplishment for a newbie to cattle country.

As I learned more about sheep from my mother-in-law, I could see her love for her lambies (that’s what she called them), and I began to see what was involved in being a Shepherdess.

Her sheep knew her voice and within a seconds notice, would caulk their heads in her direction and run towards her. She had a name for most everyone of them. She knew each of their stories. Which lamb was born the morning it was ten degrees.

The twins, that nearly took the life of their mom. The one that wouldn’t nurse.

It doesn’t end their though, she would looked for them if they didn’t come into the pens at night. Flashlights, spotlights, and her pickup truck driving through the pasture as she called until they were found.

During lambing season she would often mix up bottles for midnight and 3 a.m. feedings for her lambs. Heating lamps and plywood sheets to block the wind and

COURTESY PHOTO

bedding, made a warm environment on cold Winter mornings. And she’d cry if even one didn’t make it.

I still remember one she named Shaky, that was born with some defects that made her legs weak and wobbly … hence the name. My mother-in-law also known as Grammy, would pay special attention to her.

Feeding her extra when out doing chores or gathering eggs. She’d gather her up and talk to her, reassuring her she was valued in her eyes. Shaky, like some of her other bottle lambs stayed on the bottle much longer then they should have. They were her babies, no matter how big they got.

In January, my mother-in-law died, and at her service, so many had gathered to remember her … so many in fact, it was standing room only and those who couldn’t fit in the sanctuary stood in the hall.

I could see the couple she helped financially last year, when he couldn’t work due to health reasons. Amongst the crowd,

many college kids who had worked for them at the ranch,she fed and counselled them on living right. I saw friends she had made meals for when their love ones had died or were sick.

I saw the single man who needed someone to watch his daughter so he could work, Grammy did so and refused to take a dime. I saw her friends that she faithfully prayed for. The special attention she had paid to others was the same attention and care she gave to her sheep. I saw a Shepherdess in my mother-in-law and I felt proud to be under her care.

My husband, a cowboy pastor, did his mother’s service. It was probably one of the hardest things he’s ever had to do. I squeezed his hand tightly before stepping out of the pickup. We prayed he’d be able to make it through. I was not surprised to see God faithfully answer like many times before … he delivered one of the most passionate, heart felt messages I had ever heard him preach.

It came as no surprise that my husband,

her youngest son would deliver a message about Rachel, a Shepherdess from the Bible found in Gen. 29:9. She was tending to her father’s sheep when she met her future husband Jacob. The description fit her perfectly. I also learned that in Biblical times young girls start tending sheep when they were eight to ten years old.

She learns to take on her responsibilities for the family livestock, like many ranch kids do today, and like my mother-in-law did back then. Shepherding is not an easy task and some are good at it while others are not.

We often forget that the Lord is our Good Shepherd. We forget the care He shows to each of us. We forget He knows each of our stories and we also forget that He’s the one that leaves the ninety nine to come and look for the one (Matt. 18:12) because of the value He places on each of us.

A shepherd cares for His sheep and they know His voice (John 10:27-28). A voice that brings comfort, because we are found.

A voice that reminds us that He really knows us personally, down to the number of hairs on our head (Luke 12:7).

A shepherd that keeps watch for our well being, feeds us richly from His Word and physically as well. “I shall provide all your needs according to my riches in glory...”

(Phil. 4:19), Lately, there has been such discouragement in our Country. There has been job loss and sickness. There has been confusion and lies. We, like sheep, go astray and panic. However, no matter what is happening today as you read this, we know one thing we can count on for sure … we can tune our ear to that of our Good Shepherd. If we would quickly cock our head His direction and run to Him, we will have everything we need.

I will leave you with this, just in case you are wondering: “Never will I leave you, never will I forsake you” (Joshua 1:5).

Thank you for reading, The Cowboy Pastor’s Wife

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Super Edible Mutton Marinade!

Jennifer Whiteley Nevada Rancher Magazine

Just to be up front and honest, I have never been a big fan of lamb.

I think I was in college before I ever willingly ate a lamb chop that wasn’t smothered in mint jelly. Then I married a Basco who refused to eat lamb. He absolutely hated lamb.

I decided that maybe I wasn’t the only person in the whole wide world who didn’t like lamb. The very few times I have ever attempted to cook chops for my family, it has been an utter disaster.

Crying, begging, scheming, crying some more, and that’s just to get my husband to just taste it, and you know the kids watch dad to see if they have to try it too!

To be honest, I’ve been dreading this article because what can I share about preparing lamb with my readers if I can’t even prepare it so someone else will eat it? This article has caused me some very serious anxiety.

I opted to call on a friend of mine who has become my go-to for anything sheep and wool related. I asked her, “what is your go-to recipe for lamb that people like to eat?

Something easy and tasty?”

I had a message within minutes from my friend Kimberlee, with the comment: “This is our recipe that we use to turn people who won’t eat sheep into people who buy cull mutton. I use the marinade on chops, legs, mutton chunks, all sorts of stuff ! We did 5 old ewes for our wedding and brined them for 2 days. There wasn’t a piece left.”

I was not sure it could be that good, but I was willing to try it!

My next obstacle was to locate some lamb or mutton. Who would have thought finding a good lamb recipe would be easier than finding actual lamb? I tried 3 different grocery stores before thinking to call my neighbor Josh to see if he had a couple packages I could buy from him.

The Bottari Family Creamery was a life-saver! I was able to get a couple of packages of chops from them to try for this recipe.

Honestly? It is that good! My family of 4 ate about 10 lamb chops for dinner that night. They would have eaten more if I would had more. I could not wait to send Kimberlee a message about how great the lamb was. Now I wish I had half a lamb in the freezer so I can make this recipe again!

COURTESY PHOTO

SUPER EDIBLE MUTTON MARINADE, COURTESY OF KIMBERLEE JACOBS KERN

Ingredients:

Note: For every 10 pounds of boneless mutton, cut into chunks and remove as much external fat as possible.

■ 1 pound onions cut into chunks (they are great grilled out of the marinade later) ■ ¼ cup lemon juice (we quarter a couple of fresh lemons usually) ■ ¼ cup vinegar (apple cider or red wine) ■ Garlic (we use a bulb or two depending)

■ Fresh rosemary (we use at least 5 large sprigs) ■ Salt and Pepper to taste

Directions:

Put everything in a Ziploc bag or covered bucket and cover meat mixture with enough GALLO BURGUNDY (this is key!) that it won’t dry out and swishes around pretty good.

Mix it once or twice a day for 1-3 days, depending on how marinated you prefer your sheep.

Skewer or grill in a grill basket. Don’t forget the onions!

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BOTTARIREALTY.COM THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

29

CHECKING IN ON YOUR BEEF CHECKOFF

Nevada Beef Council Update – June 2020 Planning for a Crisis Nevada Beef Council Staff

Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine

EDITOR’S NOTE: The following content is courtesy of the Cattlemen’s Beef Board. cross the world, the COVID-19 virus has spread like wildfire the past few months.

This fast-moving disease has left people hesitant or unable to travel, anxious to stock their fridges and, ultimately, faced with many unknowns.

As we’ve all faced this extreme uncertainty, producers can be assured the Beef Checkoff actively prepares for the unexpected. The checkoff is ready to provide consumers and producers with the information they need if there is ever a disease outbreak, bioterrorism attack or any other crisis that could potentially disrupt the beef industry or consumer confidence in beef.

The National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA), a contractor to the Beef Checkoff, is continuously evolving and updating its comprehensive industry-wide crisis communications response plan should a cattle disease outbreak or other crisis take place in the future. Reassessing this

A

plan on an ongoing basis ensures the information within is as substantive as possible while also reflecting today’s latest technology.

One element of the overarching comprehensive crisis response plan is working in coalition with the Foot and Mouth Disease Cross-Species team. The checkoff-funded NCBA team helps to manage a website that would be activated in a time of crisis in cooperation with the National Pork Board supported by the National Pork Producers Council, the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) and Dairy Management Inc. The goal of this partnership and its website is to provide clear, factual and easily accessible information about foot-and-mouth disease if an outbreak were to occur.

As well as working with the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Cross-Species team, NCBA would represent the beef industry in the event of an outbreak, and it has developed proactive crisis communication processes,

strategies and tactics to follow if necessary.

“We’ve always had plans to address crisis situations, but we are now taking a systematic review of those plans and ‘pressure testing’ them within different parts of the organization to make sure we can be as prepared as possible,” says Jenn Tilliss, executive director of the issues management and media relations team at NCBA. “We want to be sure that we are addressing as many things as we can ahead of time so we are prepared as possible in the event of a crisis.”

Tilliss further explains that preparing response measures in advance would free up valuable time during a crisis to focus on consumers and communicate accurate information so they can continue to confidently purchase beef. The following actions are intended to accomplish this important objective: ■ Minimize consumer confusion and concern through quick dissemination of information.

■ Educate industry partners and stakeholders with aligned messaging at state and local levels through clear channels of communication.

■ Provide accurate, coordinated, rapid response in concert with the Cross-Species Team.

“We want producers to know that we are on top of this for the beef industry, and we’ll absolutely be ready to manage a crisis should it ever happen,” Tilliss says. “We have the plans, processes, connections and relationships in place to make sure we manage it effectively.”

Overall, crisis communications and response are top-of-mind for the Beef Checkoff. NCBA and other checkoff contractors will continue to revisit and update their crisis response plans to ensure consumers can confidently purchase beef at grocery stores, restaurants and other retail outlets.

LEARNING MORE ABOUT THE CHECKOFF IN NEVADA We know that understanding how the Beef Checkoff team operates and is working on your behalf, both on a national and state level, is important to you as a producer. That’s why we want to make sure you have the opportunity to take advantage of the following resources designed with you, the checkoff investor, in mind.

The Drive Newsletter: This free newsletter is distributed electronically every month, and mailed to tens of thousands of producers every quarter. It

provides the latest efforts and results of checkoff-funded programs, and provides important background about the checkoff and how decisions are made.

Starting with the next mailed newsletter, producers in Nevada will also receive a state-specific update on how the Nevada Beef Council has been promoting beef here in the Silver State. If you are not already signed up, please do so today to ensure you’re not missing out on important information!

Sign up at www.BeefBoard.org/ the-drive-sign-up-form/ Annual Reports: Annual reports produced by both the Nevada Beef Council and the Cattlemen’s Beef Board (CBB) provide transparent reporting of financials, share results of efforts from the past year, and provide a clearer picture of how far your dollar goes, both here in Nevada, and across the country.

For the latest Nevada Beef Council annual report, visit www.NevadaBeef.org/about-nbc.

And for the latest CBB annual report, visit www.BeefBoard. org/2019-annual-report.

If you have any other specific questions or are looking for something specifically, please don’t hesitate to reach out to Jill Scofield at jill@calbeef.org.

COWLAMARI Nevada Beef Council Staff | Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine Recently, the team at Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. partnered with a few celebrity chefs to create unique and delicious meals that traditionally featured a different protein, and switching things up with beef. (Think Korean fried BEEF instead of Korean fried chicken. Yum!) This particular recipe comes from Lamar Moore, one of Chicago’s favorite chefs. With this recipe, you too can replace surf with turf and turn Calamari into Cowlamari.

Ingredients – Cowlamari: ■ 1 beef Strip Steak, Boneless, trimmed (1 inch thick, about 1 pound ■ 2 cups all-purpose flour ■ 1 tablespoon kosher salt ■ 2 teaspoons garlic powder ■ 2 teaspoons dried thyme ■ 2 teaspoons Spanish paprika ■ 2 teaspoons cayenne pepper ■ 1-1/2 teaspoons black pepper ■ 4 eggs, beaten

Ingredients – Pimento Cheese: ■ 10 ounces freshly grated Cheddar cheese ■ 8 ounces cream cheese ■ 4 ounces pub Cheddar cheese spread ■ 1/2 cup thinly sliced green onions ■ 1/2 cup finely chopped pickled jalapeño pepper ■ 1/2 cup mayonnaise ■ 2 cans (4 ounces each) pimentos (drained and liquid reserved) ■ 1 smoked jalapeño pepper, stem and seeds removed, small diced ■ 1 fresh jalapeño pepper, stem and seeds removed, small diced

30

PHOTO: NEVADA BEEF COUNCIL

Garnishes (optional): ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Pickled cherry peppers Fried banana pepper or banana pepper rings Lemon wedges Green onions, thinly sliced on a bias Fresh red jalapeño pepper or fresh jalapeño slices Fresh parsley sprigs

Cooking:

1. For the Pimento Cheese, combine all ingredients in medium bowl; mix well until incorporated. Add reserved pimento liquid to adjust consistency as needed. Cover and store in refrigerator.

2. For the Cowlamari, cut beef Strip Steak into 1/4 x 1/4 x

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

1 to 3-inch strips and form into rings, as desired. Place flour, salt, garlic, thyme, paprika, cayenne and black pepper in medium shallow dish; mix well. Divide seasoned flour mixture into two medium shallow dishes. Place eggs in separate small bowl. Dip each piece of beef into seasoned flour, then egg, then second dish of seasoned flour.

3. Heat countertop fryer to 375°F per manufacturer’s instructions. Fry beef 2 to 4 minutes until internal temperature reaches 145°F and golden brown on all sides; drain on paper towels. Fry in batches, if needed to avoid overcrowding the fryer.

4. Serve Cowlamari with Pimento Cheese, cherry peppers, banana peppers, lemon, green onions, jalapeño peppers and parsley, as desired.

This is the Year?

All in a Day’s Ride

Trust in God, Not the Governor Here I sit, all broken hearted, talked to my Governor, his common sense has parted!

It didn’t take me very long to figure out the rule to stay locked down at home was bull****!

Who is going to enforce it?

That being said, I acknowledged, I am the master of my life. I control my health, use common sense, stay away from ill or coughing people and wash my hands at least once a day, whether they need it or not!

That’s just to get the horse**** off.

I trust in my God — if he wants me to get hit by lightning, or run over by a truck, or get some dreadful disease (other than the Big Bad C), so be it!

Then the governor tells us you can go out if you wear a mask!

Yeeehaaww! I’ve wanted to do that for a long time. Jumped into the truck, headed to the nearest Bank on America, pulled into the lot, pulled my handkerchief over my face, turned my collar up and shoved my hand in my coat pocket and sauntered to the front door.

David W. Glaser The sign on the door said, “Sorry we are closed due to the virus. Please use the drivethrough!” Butch & Sundance never robbed a drive-through!

We had a terrific wind, dust and sand storm a couple days ago. It was like getting sand blasted if you were into it. Told an ‘ol cowboy friend, “I had so much sand in my eyes and ears, that I couldn’t see or hear.”

His comment was, “Me too, but that’s okay, I really don’t want to see or hear what going on in this country right now anyway!”

Me and Don Quixote decided we had enough of this government exile, we’re going to tilt some windmills. He mounted his white ass and rode off into the sunset.

I got on my 9-year-old colt and headed to the big round pen. Figured, I’d take a cow down the fence, get a few credit-earning turns and a tight circle or two. Much to my

T

“

dismay, there was not a cow in the feedlot.

There was, however, a very large Colombia Buck Sheep.

After very little logical thought, I opened the gate and let him into the round pen. Never fenced a sheep before, but what the hey, always a first time for everything.

After I finally got my colt to acknowledge the ram was not going to eat her, we headed down the fence. The first turn was wide and wild and the ram got a head start going the other way. I put the iron to ‘ol Susie and we were gaining ground in a hurry. I didn’t realize sheep could run that fast?

All of a sudden, we were there and things started getting western. I remember saying to myself as I was flying through the air. “Wonder where the sheep went?” The ram, my horse and yours truly were all rolled up in a ball — luckily, I was on top of the sheep, which softened the blow. Susie was the only participant who didn’t limp off. The ram and I both limped to the gate.

Soon as I get all this sheep juice off my body, think I’ll go to the Doc. It’s all in a Day’s Ride!

his is the year,” said Dud, flipping his cup to the upright and fillable position.

Mavis filled it up and brought him a saucer full of fake cream. “Been thinking about it, and this is definitely the

year.”

“Okay, I’ll bite,” said Steve, twitching his walrus-like moustache, “This is the year for what, Dud?” “For everything!”

He stood and walked a complete circuit behind the chairs at the round table, waving his arms.

“Can’t you feel it? It’s gonna happen. This is the year of dreams coming to a total fulmination of wonder and delight. This is the year, for example, that I’ll finally figure out how to reconcile the duchess and the truck driver in my book Murder in the Soggy Bottoms.”

“You know,” said Doc, “that still sounds to me like someone has a lot of diapers to change.”

“And Doc … this is the year. Yes, this is the very year you figure out what The Lunker likes to nibble on, and you catch and land him. It’s inevitable.”

“I like the way he thinks,” said Doc. “And Bert, there’s still that mystery clouding your life, and I know this is the year you solve it.”

“Mystery?” said Bert.

“Yeah. Didn’t someone do a drive-by theft of your lawn sprinkler a couple of years ago?”

“Almost three now.”

“See?” “But why is this the year,” asked Doc. “Why THIS year?”

“Well, actually,” Dud said, “I bought Anita a pack of those taro cards and she’s been having fun with them.”

Brought to you by The Fly Fisherman’s Bucket List. More than 100 places to go to have a great time. Check it out at www.nmsantos.com.

Burns, Oregon • Entries open April 1st 2020

Photo by- Andi Harmon

Harney County Ranch Rodeo July 11th 2020 July 11th 2020 Taking 26, 4 man/women teams

Harney County Ranch Rodeo

Burns, Oregon

Entries open April 1st 2020

Looking to SELL Landowner Tags?

Taking 26, 4 man/women teams We’ll Buy! Over $13,000 in prizes given including - 1st place saddles SPONSORED IN PART BY: Please Contact:

Fred Anderson: (775) 304-1560 | Mike Stremler: (775) 625-0225 Jiffy Electric Burns CONTACT DANA @ (541) 420-8760 AFTER APRIL 1ST TO ENTER OR MAIL ENTRIES TO: HCRR 73417 SOLDIER CREEK RD • BURNS OR 97720

David Collins (775) 388-0781 | Anthony Collins (775) 397-0517

We are Insured, respect the landowner and can help get tags if needed!

Let us help you protect your legacy in these uncertain times Over $13,000 in prizes given including - 1st place saddles Sponsored in part by: Ed Staub and Sons Producers Livestock Point S Tires(Burns)

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

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FSA Reminds Producers of Ongoing Disaster Assistance Program Signup Payments Have Started for Producers Impacted by Drought, Excess Moisture Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has started making payments through the Wildfire and Hurricane Indemnity Program – Plus (WHIP+) to agricultural producers who suffered eligible losses because of drought or excess moisture in 2018 and 2019.

Sign-up for these causes of loss opened March 23, and producers who suffered losses from drought (in counties designated D3 or above), excess moisture, hurricanes, floods, tornadoes, typhoons, volcanic activity, snowstorms or wildfires can still apply for assistance through WHIP+.

“To date, FSA has received more than 33,000 WHIP+ applications,” said Richard Fordyce, Administrator of USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA). “We want to

remind producers that we are still accepting applications for WHIP+, and we encourage producers to call our offices for next steps on how to apply.”

To be eligible for WHIP+, producers must have suffered losses of certain crops, trees, bushes or vines in counties with a Presidential Emergency Disaster Declaration or a Secretarial Disaster Designation (primary counties only) for qualifying natural disaster events that occurred in calendar years 2018 or 2019.

Also, losses located in a county not designated by the Secretary as a primary county may be eligible if a producer provides documentation showing that the loss was due to a qualifying natural disaster event.

For losses due to drought, a producer is eligible if any area of the county in which the loss occurred was rated D3, or extreme drought, or higher on the U.S. Drought Monitor during calendar years 2018 or 2019. Producers who suffered losses should contact their FSA county office.

In addition to the recently added eligible losses of

drought and excess moisture, FSA will implement a WHIP+ provision for crop quality loss that resulted in price deductions or penalties when marketing crops damaged by eligible disaster events. To ensure an effective program for all impacted farmers, the Agency is currently gathering information on the extent of quality loss from producers and stakeholder organizations.

USDA Service Centers, including FSA county offices, are open for business by phone only, and field work will continue with appropriate social distancing. While program delivery staff will continue to come into the office, they will be working with producers by phone and using online tools whenever possible.

All Service Center visitors wishing to conduct business with the FSA, Natural Resources Conservation Service or any other Service Center agency are required to call their Service Center to schedule a phone appointment. More information on Service Centers can be found at farmers.gov/coronavirus, and more information on WHIP+ can be found at farmers.gov/whip-plus.

USDA Reminds Nevada Producers to Complete Crop Acreage Reports Special to Nevada Rancher Magazine USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA) offices in Nevada are currently open to phone and virtual appointments only but can still work with producers on timely filing crop acreage reports. FSA staff can provide assistance over the phone, by email and through virtual meetings via Microsoft Teams.

The following acreage reporting dates are applicable in Nevada: ■ June 15, 2020: spring seeded small grains, spring

forage seedings.

■ July 15, 2020: spring planted alfalfa, all other crops including perennial forage.

Acreage reporting dates vary by crop and by county.

Contact your local FSA office for a list of acreage reporting deadlines by crop.

“In order to comply with FSA program eligibility requirements, all producers must file an accurate crop acreage report by the applicable deadline,” said Janice Kolvet State Executive Director. Our FSA staff is still able to assist

producers in completing acreage reports, including providing maps.”

FSA county offices in Nevada will provide maps to producers through email with instructions for completing the maps.

After planting is complete, producers should return completed maps and the acreage reporting sheet by email by June 15.

FSA offices are using Microsoft Teams software to virtually meet with producers to review maps and documents for certification. Producers who want to schedule a virtual appointment can download

the Microsoft Teams app on their smart phones and call the FSA office for an appointment. You can also use Microsoft Teams from your personal computer without downloading software.

After completed maps and all acreage reporting information is received, FSA will make software updates and email producers the completed Report of Acreage form (FSA-578) to sign. Producers must return the signed form certifying their acreage report to the FSA office through mail or email by June 15.

The following exceptions

(209)333-3337 stshaytest@gmail.com www.sierratestingservice.com Certified by the National Forage Testing Association California Recognized Laboratory

FORAGE & HAY TESTING NIR ANALYSIS Fast and consistent results Given in an easy to read, single page format Samples are processed within one business day Equine Analysis for Grasses (Includes Soluble Carbohydrates)

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$75.00 Includes shipping within the continental U.S.

32

should note that the acreage reporting date for NAP-covered crops is the earlier of the dates listed above or 15 calendar days before grazing or harvesting of the crop begins.

For questions, please contact your local FSA office. To locate your local FSA office visit farmers. gov/service-center-locator.

USDA Service Centers are open for business by phone appointment only and field work will continue with appropriate social distancing. While our program delivery staff will continue to come into the office, they will be working with our producers by phone, and using online tools whenever possible.

All Service Center visitors wishing to conduct business with the FSA, Natural Resources Conservation Service, or any other Service Center agency are required to call their Service Center to schedule a phone appointment. More information can be found at farmers.gov/coronavirus.

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apply to acreage reporting dates: ■ If the crop has not been planted by the acreage reporting date, then the acreage must be reported no later than 15 calendar days after planting is completed.

■ If a producer acquires additional acreage after the acreage reporting date, then the acreage must be reported no later than 30 calendars days after purchase or acquiring the lease. Appropriate documentation must be provided to the county office.

Producers should also report crop acreage they intended to plant, but due to natural disaster, were unable to plant. Prevented planting acreage must be reported on form CCC-576, Notice of Loss, no later than 15 calendar days after the final planting date as established by FSA and USDA’s Risk Management Agency.

Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program (NAP) policy holders

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

145 W. Front St. Owners: Robert & Tami Duval Owners: Robert & Tami Duval Battle Mountain, NV 89820 Authorized IFA DEALER 775-455-2506 • BMFarmFeed@gmail.com Artois Feed Dealer Authorized IFA DEALER Hours: Mon,Victor Tue, Thur, FriPet 9am-6pmFood Retailer Artois Feed Dealer Sat 10am-5pm Victor Pet Food Retailer ClosedHOURS: Sun, Wed,Mon, and Holidays Tue, Thur, Fri 9am-6pm Sat 10am-5pm Closed Sun, Wed, and Holidays 145 W. Front St. • Battle Mountain, NV • 89820 775-455-2506 • BMFarmFeed@gmail.com

AUCTION DIRECTORY Get the most up-to-date market reports by visiting these websites

NEVADA Nevada Livestock Marketing LLC

Sale every Wednesday 1025 North Allen Road, Fallon, Nevada Office: 775-423-7760 Fax: 775-423-1813 www.nevadalivestock.us

Fallon Livestock LLC

Sale every Tuesday 2055 Trento Lane, Fallon, Nevada Office: 775-867-2020 Fax: 775-867-2021 www.fallonlivestock.com

Superior Livestock Auction

Load-lots of cattle sold via satellite and internet Northern Nevada Representative Allie Bear Office: 775-738-8534 www.superiorlivestock.com

CALIFORNIA

Treasure Valley Livestock Auction

Shasta Livestock Auction Yard Sale every Friday Cottonwood, California Office: 530-347-3793 Fax: 530-347-0329 www.shastalivestock.com

Beef sale every Friday; general sale every other Saturday 1901 E. Chicago, Caldwell, Idaho Office: 208-459-7475; 800-788-4429 www.treasurevalleylivestock.com

Twin Falls Livestock Commission

Cattlemen’s Livestock Market

Sale every Wednesday 12495 E. Stockton Blvd., Galt, California Office: 209-745-1515 www.clmgalt.com

Sales every Wednesday and Saturday 630 Commercial Ave. Twin Falls, Idaho Office: 208-733-7474 www.twinfallslivestock.com

OREGON Producers Livestock Marketing

IDAHO Producers Livestock Marketing Association

Cattle auction every Tuesday; dairy auction every other Wednesday 11 South 100 West, Jerome, Idaho Office: 208-324-4345 www.producerslivestock.com

Sale every Wednesday P.O. Box 67, Vale, Oregon Office: 541-473-3136 www.producerslivestock.com

Central Oregon Livestock Auction Sale Every Monday 3457 S.W. Hwy. 97, Madras, Oregon Office: 541-475-3851

www.centraloregonlivestockauction.com

L i v e s t o c k A u c t i o n S e rv i c e s LIVESTOCK

TREASURE VALLEY FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK AND INSTAGRAM FOR EXCITING GIVEAWAYS, CONVERSATION, AND MORE!

@NVRancherMagazine

BUTCHER COW SPECIAL TUES JUNE 9th Noon mtn time.

SALE EVERY TUESDAY AT NOON (MTN) Dan Hinman 208.250.1210 Eric Drees 208.329.4808 Emmett, Idaho www.7riverslivestock.com Check us out on Facebook

LIVESTOCK CALVES, HOGS, SHEEP & GOATS

Every Second & Fourth Saturday @ 11am

BEEF CATTLE, FEEDER CATTLE, BUTCHER CATTLE, STOCK COWS & PAIRS Friday @ 10am

SALE EVERY TUESDAY o

2055 Trento Lane, Fallon, NV 89406 (775) 867-2020 - Fax (755) 867-2021 FallonLivestock.com - Email FallonLivestock@gmail.com Tommy Lee, Owner (775) 741-4523

CORN BELT CLASSIC XXII

SALE

TALLGRASS AUCTION

BIG SKY ROUNDUP

WEBSITE CATALOG

WEEK IN THE ROCKIES XXII

June 10 June 18 June 24

July 2

July 6

VIDEO AUCTION

VIDEO AUCTION

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Catalog Deadline June 15 • 5PM MT

Catalog Deadline June 12 • 5PM MT

Catalog Deadline June 30 • 5PM MT

Catalog Deadline June 13 • 5PM MT

VIDEO AUCTION

Contact Nevada Representative Allie Bear

775.738.8534 • www.superiorlivestock.com

208-459-7475 800-788-4429

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

33

Market report Fallon Livestock LLC Fallon, Nevada

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

124-124 avg

111-149 avg

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb.

700-800 lb.

800+ lb.

108-132 116-116 avg 113-113 99.50-102.50 avg avg avg 140-140 avg 133-144.50 avg 121-131 116-120.50 avg 108-108 98-98 avg Heifers avg avg Preg Tested 3,4,5 year solid Top cow: 1795 avg wt (avg. 79) mouth 975-975 May 19, 2020 ​ ​ sale; volume: N/A. Single, small-framed or plainer cattle 30 to 65 less than top offering.

Steers

Breakers (Fat Cows)

Steers Heifers

Cattlemen’s Livestock Marketing Galt, Calif.

No Test No test

400-500 lb. #2 80-110 #1 115-138

500-600 lb.

600-700 lb. #1 quality

#1 130-156 125-144 #1 115-134 105-127

86-107

Boners (Med. Flesh)

70-77

Shelly Bulls

No test

Cutters (Lean)

69-70

Cutter Bulls

83-112

Shelly Cutters (Thin)

No test

Top Bull

1,905 avg wt 107 avg cost

Stock Cattle by Weight 300-400 lb. #2 quality

Slaughter Cattle Butcher 77-79 Bulls

Slaughter Cattle 700-800 lb. #2 quality 100-136 90-110

800+ lb. #2 quality

Boner Cows

63-80

80-110 87-106

Breaker Cows Cutter Cows

50-70 25-50

Bulls

75-90

Pairs: no test May 13, 2020 sale; volume 1,125. Market notes:Compared to the previous week slaughter cattle were $10 higher. Compared to the previous week feeder cattle under 650 lbs. were steady. Compared to the previous week feeder cattle over 650 lbs. were steady

300-400 lb.

Shasta Livestock Auction Yard, Cottonwood, Calif.

Steers Heifers

No Test No Test

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb.

140-158.50 few 120-151 120-146 400-500 lb.

125-145

110-130.75 105-121

700-800 lb.

No Test No Test

Slaughter Cattle 70-80 Bulls

800+ lb.

High yielding

No Test

Medium yielding

54-69

No Test

Low yielding

30-50

60-92

May 15,2020 sale; volume 1,028. Market notes: Compared to last sale cull cattle $5-$8 higher. Market on calves steadet to $5 lower from last week’s hot sale. Off, small singles $20-$50 below top.

300-400 lb.

7 Rivers Livestock Commission Emmett, ID

Steers

No Test

Heifers

No Test

400-500 lb.

150-175 avg 120-130

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb.

700-800 lb.

128-140

127.50-140

129.25-139.50 109.50-110 Medium Yield

118-127

117.50-122.50 108-113.50

800+ lb.

No Test

High Yielding

Low Yielding

91-96

63-65 51-57

Pairs, full mouth Bred Heifers No Test No Test May 12, 2020. volume 269 ​ ​ Good demand for grass calves. Butcher cows steady to $2 stronger than last week. Butcher bulls were $4 stronger than last week. Fed steers we had advertised weighed 1,250lbs and sold for $117.50. To consign or other questions call the office @ 208-365-4401 Sale every Tuesday at high noon.

Heiferettes: No Test

Stock Cattle by Weight

Producers Livestock, Salina, Utah

Slaughter Cattle Bulls 67-72

Steers Heifers

Slaughter Cattle

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

500-600 lb.

600-700 lb.

700-800 lb.

800+ lb.

No Test

142.50-160

118-150

115-144

94-115

117.50-143

107.50

101-134

98-116

104.50129.50 96.50114.50

Butcher Cows

60.25-75

89-99

Cutting Bulls

No Test

Slaughter Bulls

80-89

Heiferettes: 1,000-1,500 per hd May 19, 2020; ​ ​ volume: 912 The figures on this report are computer generated from “The Hottest Sale in the West” at Producers Livestock in Salina, UT. Notes: For great service contact the Salina Producers Auction at (435) 529-7437. For current market information call toll free 1-888-287-1702.

Producers Livestock, Vale, Ore.

34

Steers Heifers

700-800 lb.

No Test

800+ lb.

149-158

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb.

No Test No Test

135-150

120-128

108-118

No Test

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

No Test No Test

No Test

109-117

Butcher Cows – bulk Shelly Cows Thin

Slaughter Cattle 61-72 Butcher Bulls 53-60

Top Bull

Young cow pairs Older BM Pairs Heiferettes: No Test 1,000-1535 No Test May 20,2020​ ​ 432 volume: Light test​ of the feeder market. Quality cattle sold at prices comparable to last week. The butcher market was $2-3 higher. ​ Questions about the market and/or to consign, call Producers Livestock, Vale Oregon, at (541) 473-3136

THE NEVADA RANCHER — JUNE 2020

81-92 103

THD ©

CLM REPRESENTATIVES Jake Parnell.................916-662-1298 George Gookin .........209-482-1648 Rex Whittle.................209-996-6994 Mark Fischer..............209-768-6522 Kris Gudel ................... 916-208-7258 Steve Bianchi ............707-484-3903 Joe Gates....................707-694-3063 Jason Dailey ...............916-439-7761 Brett Friend ..................510-685-4870 WEDNESDAY WEEKLY SCHEDULE Butcher Cows................................... 8:30 a.m.

Cow-Calf Pairs/Bred Cows ..... 11:30 a.m.

Feeder Cattle ........................................ 12 p.m.

AUCTION MARKET Address 12495 Stockton Blvd., Galt, CA Office........................................209-745-1515 Fax ............................................ 209-745-1582 Website/Market Report..www.clmgalt.com Web Broadcast ......www.lmaauctions.com

UPCOMING CLM SPECIAL FEEDER SALES AND THE 2020 AMADOR-EL DORADOSACRAMENTO AND CALAVERAS COUNTY CATTLEMEN’S SPECIALS

PLUS ADDITIONAL CO. CATTLEMEN’S ASSOCIATIONS A PORTION OF THE PROCEEDS WILL BE DONATED BACK TO COUNTIES

COUNTY CATTLEMEN’S.....MON., JUNE 1 CLM SPECIAL ...........................WED., JUNE 10 COUNTY CATTLEMEN’S.....MON., JUNE 15 CLM SPECIAL ....................... WED., JUNE 24 CLM SPECIAL ....................... WED., JULY 8 CLM SPECIAL ....................... WED., JULY 22 CLM SPECIALS BEGIN AT 12 P.M. COUNTY CATTLEMEN’S SPECIALS BEGIN AT 9 A.M.

WATCH FOR DETAILS ON OUR CLM ANNUAL BRED COW & PAIR SALE

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