Aws openstack solaris 11 2 for sc 精简版v2

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业界云计算技术汇报  AWS & OpenStack Fundamentals.  Solaris 11.2 new features related to OpenStack. 郭峰 资深销售顾问 甲骨文中国系统事业部 August 2014 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

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云计算概述

IaaS PaaS SaaS

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《地心毁灭》

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传统IT和云计算的区别 Pet vs. Cattle

微软 William Baker的出名文章 Pets vs. Cattle 的比喻可以看出OpenStack和VMware等传统虚拟化 的关系。比喻是这样说的:在传统服务模式下,你可以想象你的主机就是你的宠物,你给他们取名字, 比如dusty、cern等等,他们被精心抚养长大。当他们生病了,你得修复他们。在云计算型应用服务模 型中,虚拟机被看做是农场中的公牛,他们的名字通常都是编号,牛和牛长得也差不多,当他们生病了, 你就杀掉他,用一头新牛代替。

VS.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


传统IT和云计算IT的技术核心 集中式 vs 分布式 云计算型应用共同特点 分布式、非共享、横向扩展 无状态、软状态 失效切换在应用端 扩展性在应用端 开源、简陋的操作UI 标准化困难

SPARC 虚拟化 服务器池

Oracle VM X86虚拟化 服务器池 共享存储

传统型应用共同特点 集中式、共享架构 共享存储 客户端-服务器架构 难以横向扩展 集中式、共享架构 失效切换在服务端 扩展性在服务端 软件标准化设计 超大规模部署面临拆库、应用改造等问题 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

分布式、多中心


分布式系统面临的挑战和定位

大多数应用软件不具备分布式部署能力、特定系统特定对待  集中式应用  数据库Oracle、DB2、SQL Server

备份系统

 大型系统SAP、EBS、CRM、HCM  关注业务一致性、复杂业务逻辑  关注可用性、软件标准化  大多数应用软件不具备分布式部署能力  分布式应用标准化困难

 关于Oracle

实时处理

 由于Oracle数据库和企业应用都不是分布式的,

集中式的软件只能使用纵向扩展系统SPARC和 Power,也许这是Oracle收购SUN的深层原因。

 如果没有UNIX小型机,Oracle应用软件可能也面

临困难。

分布式应用系统 OpenStack\Scalr\Hadoop

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集中式应用系统


分布式设计的核心思想

分散的具体实现、统一的逻辑架构 • 分布式文件系统

 MooseFS\Ceph\GlusterFS\Lustre\HDFS

 数据库访问点是统一的

 统一的读写接口、文件系统的名字空间 (namespace)

 SQL计算和数据存储是分散的

 存储节点是分散的、数据动态分布

 透明的动态横向扩展、数据动态平衡、避免或减少分库;或 者能够自动分库,解决SQL数据访问路径

 透明的动态横向扩展

分布式数据库

 Exadata & SSC是具备分布式数据库特点的、可以被称为 云数据库 数据读写

计算处理

逻辑统一

横向扩展

数据网络 数据存储

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横向扩展


分布式应用的场景

中国气象局与阿里云达成战略合作 • 2014年5月27日,中国气象局公共气象服务中心与阿里云达成战略合作,共同挖掘气象大数据的深层价值。 海量气象数据将通过阿里云计算平台,变成可实时分析应用的“活数据”。 • 目前,我国每年新增的气象数据达到PB量级,较上世纪90年代增长了数千倍,并仍在快速增长中。阿里云每 天可支持上百PB的数据处理,是中国每天新增气象数据量的数万倍。 • 中国气象局公共气象服务中心计划深度挖掘利用的数据包括:60多年来的历史气象数据;全国2万多个观测站、 卫星、雷达监测的气象观测数据,包括降水、温 度、风力风向、地面结冰、太阳辐射、酸雨、空气能见度等 30余种要素;短期、中期、长期的精细化气象预报数据品;通过国际交换获取的全球气象观测、预报数据。 • 未来,高德地图将告诉你15分钟后1公里内的天气状况,以及某条街道24小时前刮过很大的西北风,前方500 米的立交桥下有3米深的积水,某条路因为暴雨 可能爆发泥石流等等。据介绍,基于构建在阿里云上的高德 LBS服务,高德地图将可以实现基于位置的天气预警服务,主要应用在包括旅行、交通、自然灾害、城 市突 发天气的预警等方面。 • 阿里云计算总裁王文彬表示:气象是飘在天空中的‘云’,阿里云是提供海量计算能力的‘云’。这两朵云 结合将推动气象大数据在中国的应用。

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


气象大数据不仅可以让人们知道天气,更重要的是帮助企业从天 气中减少损失或盈利 中国气象局公共气象服务中心副主任潘进 军介绍,国外的气象大数据应用已经比较成 熟,英国的气象服务已经全部商业化,年产 值达到2600亿美元,美国1600亿美元,日 本100亿美元,而中国只有6亿美元,专业的 气象数据服务在中国市场前景巨大。 国外气象数据在保险领域的应用成为重点。 极端天气事件不仅影响人们的正常生活,还 给农业、旅游业、娱乐业等对气象敏感的行 业带来了不小的经济损失。为了减 少损失, “气象保险”在美国、日本等国家应运而生, “樱花保险”、“酷暑保险”、“浮冰保 险”、“台风保险”、“旅游气象保险”、 “下雪保险”等五花八 门,各具特色。一家 德国研究机构的研究结果表明,全球每年需 要100亿美元气象保险资金。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


主流云计算厂商和技术

其实很多厂商都在尽量做得更全、云计算技术也在相互集成融合

SaaS cloud foundry

PaaS

IaaS

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Cloud @ Oracle

Public Cloud in market and Oracle cloud 3.0

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Oracle Cloud 3.0

全面的解决方案横跨各种云交付模式

1.0

Oracle私有云 解决方案

2.0

Oracle公有云和私有云 混合解决方案

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3.0 构建Multi-Cloud 多云融合解决方案


Magic Quadrant for Sales Force Automation Salesforce.com Salesforce.com continues to lead the SFA market, as demonstrated by its business growth and innovation; however, its products remain expensive. The main reasons customers choose salesforce.com is strong brand, usability, innovation and proven track record. Salesforce.com has a strong ecosystem of ISVs; however, adding multiple solutions to fill salesforce.com's functional "white space" can be expensive. Salesforce.com needs to continue to improve its geographic penetration outside its core strength in North America. Its acquisition of ExactTarget should improve the lead-through-opportunity management process.

Microsoft (Dynamics CRM) Microsoft offers Microsoft Dynamics CRM both online and on-premises. Here, we focus on the on-premises version. Both products are relatively the same, and the move to online is more a function of customers moving to the cloud, rather than differences in the product line. Organizations consider Microsoft Dynamics CRM on-premises primarily for: (1) the potential for more-attractive total cost of ownership (TCO) versus using cloud-based offerings, (2) integration with Microsoft Outlook and the ability to leverage the Microsoft technology stack, such as SharePoint and SQL Server, and (3) to avoid data privacy and real-time integration issues associated with the cloud.

Oracle (Siebel CRM) Oracle Siebel CRM is a viable offering for complex on-premises deployments for the foreseeable future. Although market share is less than it was three years ago, Oracle has increased the number of customers on versions 8.0 and 8.1. Oracle Siebel CRM continues to have the broadest set of SFA functions in the market. Most Oracle Siebel CRM customers buy it because they want the majority of functionality from one suite vendor. However, the broad set of functionality and on-premises delivery model are not incentives for third-party sales application independent software vendors (ISVs) to partner or preintegrate with Oracle Siebel CRM. One of the main challenges that customers have had with the Oracle Siebel CRM was the UI. Siebel was dependent on ActiveX technology and Internet Explorer. Since last year, there have been two major developments around Oracle Siebel CRM: (1) The release of the Oracle Open UI. The Oracle Open UI is not tied to a specific browser technology; therefore, it will significantly improve the user experience. There is not enough data yet to validate potential limitations. (2) The release of Oracle Siebel CRM Connected Mobile Application for any HTML5-compliant device, such as smartphones and tablets.

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


没Oracle啥事

基础设施即服务(IaaS) 魔力象限 2013年8月

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Amazon Web Services

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Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Amazon Web Services • Amazon EC2 提供可调整的云计算能力。该服务旨在降低开发人员和系统管理员进行网络规模计算时的难度。 • Auto Scaling,您可以根据您定义的条件自动向上扩展或向下收缩 Amazon EC2 容量。 • Elastic Load Balancing 可以跨越多个 Amazon EC2 实例自动分配应用程序的传入流量。 • Amazon WorkSpaces 是云中的一种完全托管型桌面计算服务,可使终端用户通过他们选择的设备访问所需文档、应用程序和资源。 • Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) 提供了完全冗余的数据存储基础设施,以便随时从 Web 的任何位置存储和检索任意数量的数据。 • Amazon Glacier 是成本极低的存储服务,为数据存档和备份提供安全而耐用的存储。 • AWS Storage Gateway 服务将本地软件设备与基于云的存储连接起来,在组织的本地 IT 环境和 AWS 的存储基础设施之间提供无缝、 安全的集成。

• Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store) 提供块级存储卷以用于 Amazon EC2 实例。Amazon EBS 卷是永久不受实例生命周期约束的非实例 存储。 • AWS Import/Export 使用便携式存储设备进行传输,可加快大量数据移入和移出 AWS 的速度。 • DynamoDB 是具有高度可扩展性的完全托管 NoSQL 数据库服务。它具有无缝吞吐量和存储扩展以及自动的 3 种方式复制功能,使您从 耗时的数据库管理任务中解脱出来,以便专注于您的应用程序和业务。

• Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service) 可用于在云中轻松地设置、操作和扩展 MySQL、Oracle、SQL Server 或 PostgreSQL 数 据库。它提供了经济高效且可调整容量的数据库服务,同时还管理耗时的数据库管理任务。 • Amazon CloudWatch 是一种 Web 服务,用于监控通过 Amazon EC2 启动的 AWS 云资源。 • AWS Elastic Beanstalk 是一种易于使用的服务,可用于部署和扩展通过常用的编程语言 如 Java、.NET、PHP、Node.js、Python 和 Ruby 开发的 Web 应用程序和服务。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Amazon Web Services • Amazon Redshift 是一种可轻松扩展的完全托管型 PB 级数据仓库服务,可与您现有的商业智能工具协作。它通过使用列存储技术和并行 化多个节点的查询来提供快速的查询性能。 • Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) 使您能够在 AWS 云中预配置出一个私有的、隔离的部分,让您在自己定义的虚拟网络中启动 AWS 资源。借助 Amazon VPC,您可以定义一个与自己数据中心内运行的传统网络非常相似的虚拟网络拓扑。 • Amazon Route 53 是一种可用性高、可扩展性强的域名系统 (DNS) Web 服务。 • Amazon CloudFront 是一项内容传输 Web 服务。使用该服务与其他 Amazon Web Services 集成,开发人员和企业能够向最终用户轻松 发布内容,实现低延迟、高速数据自由传输。 • AWS Direct Connect 是一种网络服务,可以在使用 AWS 云服务时作为 Internet 的替代选择。 • Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce) 是一种能让企业、研究人员、数据分析师和开发人员轻松和经济高效地处理大量数的 Web 服务。 Amazon EMR 使用称为 Hadoop 的开源框架将您的数据分布在可重新调整大小的 Amazon EC2 实例集群中并进行处理。 • Amazon Kinesis 是一种完全托管的服务,可进行实时的流数据导入和处理 – 您只需创建流,让该服务为您完成余下的工作。 • AWS Data Pipeline 是一种 Web 服务,可帮助您在指定的间隔中,可靠地在不同 AWS 计算与存储服务以及内部数据源之间移动数据。 • Amazon SWF (Simple Workflow Service) 是一项用于云应用程序的任务协调和状态管理服务。 • Amazon SES (Simple Email Service) 是一种托管于云中,高度可扩展且经济高效的批量事务处理电子邮件发送服务。 • Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service) 是一项快速灵活且完全托管的消息推送服务。 • Amazon SQS (Simple Queue Service) 提供了托管队列,当消息在计算机之间传输时用来存储消息,从而让用户能够轻松在 Web 服务之 间构建自动工作流程。 • AWS OpsWorks 是一项应用程序管理服务,可便于 DevOps 用户设计和管理从负载均衡器到数据库的整个应用程序。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


EC2-Elastic Compute Cloud • An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a template that contains a software configuration (for example, an operating system, an application server, and applications). From an AMI, you launch an instance, which is a copy of the AMI running as a virtual server in the cloud.You can launch multiple instances of an AMI, as shown in the following figure.

Amazon S3

Amazon EC2

Instance Store-backed Instances(停机后删除 /dev/sda)

Amazon EBS

Amazon EBS-backed instances(停机后不会删除 /dev/sda)

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Amazon EBS or instance store EBS卷是不能共享的,就是说 不能把一个EBS 卷同时挂载到 多个虚拟机的Instance

Amazon EBS

instance

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Amazon S3

instance

Amazon S3

Amazon S3 is a repository for Internet data. Amazon S3 provides access to reliable and inexpensive data storage infrastructure. It is designed to make web-scale computing easier by enabling you to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from within Amazon EC2 or anywhere on the web. For example, you can use Amazon S3 to store backup copies of your data and applications.

S3容量巨大,但是响应时间不如EBS卷。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Regions and Availability Zones Code

Name

ap-northeast-1

Asia Pacific (Tokyo) Region

ap-southeast-1

Asia Pacific (Singapore) Region

ap-southeast-2

Asia Pacific (Sydney) Region

eu-west-1

EU (Ireland) Region

sa-east-1

South America (Sao Paulo) Region

us-east-1

US East (Northern Virginia) Region

us-west-1

US West (Northern California) Region

us-west-2

US West (Oregon) Region

Amazon EC2 is hosted in multiple locations world-wide. These locations are composed of regions and Availability Zones. Each region is a separate geographic area. Each region has multiple, isolated locations known as Availability Zones. Amazon EC2 provides you the ability to place resources, such as instances, and data in multiple locations. Resources aren't replicated across regions unless you do so specifically.

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Region: 不同国家和地区

Availability Zone: 不同数据中心

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Elastic IP (EIP) address

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC)

虚拟私有网络、子网 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle 和 Amazon Web Services • Amazon Web Services (AWS) 和 Oracle 合作,为客户在 AWS 云中部署企业应用程序提供了一些便捷的选项。客户不 仅能够使用 Oracle 的数据库和中间件软件构建运行于 AWS 云中的企业级 Oracle 应用程序,还能够从 Amazon EC2 上 的 Oracle 系统启动整个企业软件堆栈。 • 您可通过两种不同的许可模式运行 Amazon RDS for Oracle,即“附带许可”和“使用自有许可 (BYOL)”。在“附带 许可”服务模型中,您无需单独购买 Oracle 许可;Oracle 数据库软件软件由 AWS 提供授权许可。“附带许可”的起 价为 0.04 USD/小时,其中包含软件、底层硬件资源,以及 Amazon RDS 管理功能。如果您已拥有 Oracle Database 许可,可以使用“BYOL”模型在 Amazon RDS 上部署 Oracle,其起价为 0.025 USD/小时。“BYOL”模型设计为面 向选择使用现有的 Oracle 数据可许可或直接从 Oracle 购买新许可的客户。

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


多种计算实例类型 选择…

instances

AMI

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

DB on instance

instance with CloudWatch

optimized instance


实例类型 • 通用实例 :通用实例可在一个低成本平台上为客户提供一套均衡的资源以及高级别的处理性能。此系列中的实例非常适合要求 均衡 CPU 和内存性能的应用。可以从通用实例中受益的典型应用包括:编码、高流量内容管理系统,以及分布式高速缓存系 统 (memcached)。 • m3.medium:3.75 GiB 内存,1 个 vCPU,4GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • m3.large:7.5 GiB 内存,2 个 vCPU,32GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台

• m3.xlarge:15 GiB 内存,4 个 vCPU,80GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • m3.2xlarge:30 GiB 内存,8 个 vCPU,160GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • 计算优化型实例 :这一系列的实例较之于其他实例,其 CPU 资源比例要高于内存 (RAM),因此非常适合计算密集型应用。 • c3.large:3.75 GiB 内存,2 个 vCPU,32GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • c3.xlarge:7 GiB 内存,4 个 vCPU,80GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • c3.2xlarge:15 GiB 内存,8 个 vCPU,160GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • c3.4xlarge:30 GiB 内存,16 个 vCPU,320GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • c3.8xlarge:60 GiB 内存,32 个 vCPU,640GB SSD 本地实例存储,64 位平台 • GPU 实例 :这一系列的实例可以向受益于高度并行化处理的应用程序(包括 3D 图形、HPC、渲染和媒体处理应用程序)提 供具备高 CPU 和网络性能的图形处理器 (GPU)。 详细了解如何将这类实例用于 HPC 应用程序。 • g2.2xlarge:15 GiB 内存,1 个 NVIDIA GRID GPU (Kepler GK104),60GB 本地实例存储,64 位平台 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


实例类型 •

内存优化型实例 :该系列实例可为高吞吐量的应用程序(包括关系数据库和 NoSQL 数据库、内存分析解决方案、科学计算和其他的内存密集的应用程序) 提供大容量内存。

r3.large:15 GiB 内存,2 个 vCPU,1 个 32GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台

r3.xlarge:30.5 GiB 内存,4 个 vCPU,1 个 80GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台

r3.2xlarge:61 GiB 内存,8 个 vCPU,1 个 160GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台

r3.4xlarge:122 GiB 内存,16 个 vCPU,1 个 320GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台

r3.8xlarge:244 GiB 内存,32 个 vCPU,2 个 320GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台,10GB 以太网

存储优化型实例 :该系列实例可提供极高的磁盘 I/O 性能或较高的单实例存储密度比例,是受益于大数据集中高顺序 I/O 性能的应用程序的理想之选。存 储优化型实例还可提供高级别 CPU、内存和网络性能。有关具体的使用案例以及 AWS 中“大数据”选项的详细信息,请访问大数据解决方案页面。

i2.xlarge:30.5 GiB 内存,4 个 vCPU,800GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台

i2.2xlarge:61 GiB 内存,8 个 vCPU,2 个 800GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台

i2.4xlarge:122 GiB 内存,16 个 vCPU,4 个 800GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台

i2.8xlarge:244 GiB 内存,32 个 vCPU,8 个 800GB SSD 实例存储,64 位平台,10GB 以太网

hs1.8xlarge:117 GiB 内存,24 个 2TB 硬盘本地实例存储,64 位平台,10GB 以太网

微型实例 :微型实例供了少量一致性 CPU 资源,可在存在更多周期时在短时间内突增 CPU 容量。这种实例非常适合需要定期附加计算周期的低吞吐量应 用程序和网站。您可以通过 Amazon EC2 文档 详细了解如何使用微型实例和相应的应用程序。

t1.micro:(默认情况下)613MiB 内存,1 个 vCPU,仅限 EBS 存储,32 位或 64 位平台

m1.small:1.7 GiB 内存,1 个 vCPU,160GB 本地实例存储,32 位或 64 位平台 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


AWS cloud

软件定义数据中心 Customer

Mobile Device

EIP

Internet

AWS Region Virtual private cloud

PHP app server

Apache web server

HA Proxy EC2 instance

CloudFront

Alarm

EC2 instance

security group

Availability Zone #1 Elastic Load Balancing

VPN connection

Auto Scaling

Auto Scaling group

Auto Scaling group

Amazon Route 53

Amazon EBS

security group

security group

SSL

CloudWatch

Availability Zone #2 SSL

Apache web server

PHP app server

security group

EIP

EC2 instance

security group

Staff

Auto Scaling group

HA Proxy

EC2 instance

snapshot bucket With objects

Backups

security group

Auto Scaling group

Amazon EBS

Corporate data center AWS Storage Gateway

Amazon S3

AWS Import/Export Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Snapshot Store Static Object


AWS全球基础设施

帮助客户数分钟内走向全球

10 Regions 区域 26 Availability Zones 可用区 51 CloudFront 边缘站点 CloudFront

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Flipboard如何使用 AWS

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


初创公司

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


大企业客户

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


蓬勃发展的生态系统

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


亚马逊AWS和阿里云作比较

亚马逊在产品方面占有绝对优势,阿里云在价格上具有绝对的优势

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

37


阿里云和Oracle技术体系比较 应用

阿里云 AWS

Oracle

数据库

操作系统

编程语言

Apache, Nginx

MySQL, SQL Server, NoSQL

Linux、 Windows

PHP, NodeJS

Weblogic, GlassFish, WebSphere

Oracle, DB2, Sybase, SQL Server, MySQL, Timesten, Oracle NoSQL

Linux、 Java, Windows、 .Net Solaris、 Oracle Linux、 AIX

服务器 X86

类Hadoop分布 式对象存储

X86、 SPARC、 Power

SAN、 NAS、 Hadoop

• 阿里云:技术体系封闭,软件局限比较适合开源软件,硬件仅限X86.

• Oracle:技术体系开放,有广泛的商业和开源软件支持。硬件平台灵活。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

存储


阿里云和Oracle平台支持的技术比较

对第三方软件技术的支持情况 GNU软件

微软

IBM

SAP

Oracle

阿里云 AWS

支持

支持

Oracle平台

支持

支持

支持

支持

支持

Oracle有十分广泛的商业软件支持,并且很多企业核心类应用包括:ERP、CRM、 HR、SOA、ESB、BPM以及企业数据仓库等都在Oracle平台上有丰富的技术实现。而 阿里云缺乏这样的生态环境。

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


应用场景比较 应用场景比较

技术类型

用户类型

应用类型

阿里云 AWS

LAMP(X86)

小企业、创业者

互联网应用、一般应用

Oracle平台

普遍适用

普遍适用

普遍适用

结论: 阿里云:技术成熟度较低、适应的软件技术局限;适合互联网应用、中小企业、创业者。 Oracle平台:技术成熟稳定,适合成熟企业的核心应用,适应场景宽泛。

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


给其它行业的启发 Google、阿里云、亚马逊等互联网公司给行业架构变革的启示:

提高系统弹性,按需扩展; 水平扩展架构具有无可比拟的优势; 大数据对存储能力的要求更高; 存储系统水平扩展意义重大,提高数据的交互能力; 提高存储计算能力,广泛采用SSD和flash存储技术; 现有大多数应用软件都是集中式设计、而非分布式设计; 分布式应用系统难以标准化,企业软件更加关注应用逻辑;

数据库系统水平扩展是技术难点; 项目建设周期长,DIY的方式,成功经验较难复制; 需要大量的软件研发和系统维护人员; IT公司核心竞争力. Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |


4个主要云计算开源组织活跃度(IaaS)

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack Adoption OpenStack User Survey October 2013

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack 101

So What is OpenStack?

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack简介 

OpenStack是由Rackspace和NASA共同开发的可以用来建立私有云和公有云的开源云计算平台,

帮助服务商和企业内部实现类似于Amazon EC2和S3的云基础架构服务(IaaS)。 

用Python语言编写

良好的框架,具有良好的扩展性

经过验证:swift已经支撑100PB存储

虚拟化管理工具

未来可能云计算的标准

Openstack基金会管理的项目

Redhat,Novel(Suse),Canonical(Ubuntu),Rackspace ,IBM,Dell,HP,Cisco

OpenStack现在采用6个月一个开发周期的方式,每个代号均为首字母按字典顺序排到的某个城市名,依次是Austin、Bexar、 Cactus、Diablo、Essex、Folsom、Grizzly 和 Havana。接下来的版本,叫 Icehouse。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack Foundation A much wider ecosystem …

Platinum Members (8)

Corporate Sponsors (63)

Gold Members (19)

Supporting Organizations (248)

and more … Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

and more …

and more …


OpenStack的主要组件

Each component available in two flavors – Implementation and API

Source: https://www.redhat.com/rhecm/rest-rhecm/jcr/repository/collaboration/sites%20content/live/redhat/web-cabinet/static-files/images/openstackhorizon

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack的主要组件 组件

功能描述

Compute (Nova)

根据需求提供虚拟服务。Rackspace公司和HP提供商业计算服务正是建立在Nova之上,Mercado Libre和NASA (Nova项目的起源地)内部也是使用的Nova。

Block Storage (Cinder)

提供稳定的数据块存储服务。这个项目的很多代码最初是来自于Nova之中(就是the nova-volume service)。但 是请注意,这是块存储(或者volumes),而不是类似于NFS或者CIFS文件系统,Cinder在Folsom中也是一个全 新 的项目。除了这些核心项目之外,也有一些“孵化”项目,未来可能会考虑列入到OpenStack的核心项目之中。

Networking (Neutron)

在接口设备之间提供“网络连接作为一种服务”,而这些接口设备主要靠其他的OpenStack服务进行管理(最有可 能是Nova)。该服务允许用户创建自 己的网络,然后连接接口。Quantum提供一个可插拔的体系架构,它能支持 很多流行的网络供应商和技术。

Authentication (Keystone)

为所有的OpenStack服务提供身份验证和授权。它还提供了一个在特定OpenStack云服务上的服务目录。

Image Management (Glance)

是一个虚拟机镜像的存储、查询和检索系统,它提供了一个虚拟磁盘映像的目录和存储库,这些磁盘映像常常广泛 应用于OpenStack Compute之中,而且这种服务在技术上是属于可选的,任何规模的云都适用于它。

Dashboard (Horizon)

为所有OpenStack的服务提供了一个模块化的web-based用户界面。使用这个Web GUI,可以在云上完成大多数 的操作,如启动实例,分配IP地址,设置访问控制等。

Object Storage (Swift)

允许进行存储或者检索文件。目前已经有几好家公司开始提供基于Swift商业存储服务,这些公司包括KT, Rackspace公司(Swift项目的发源地)和Internap,而且很多大公司内部也使用Swift来存储数据。

And More…

Application orchestration (Heat), Metering/Monitoring (Ceilometer), … Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack vs AWS 组件对应

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack组件关系图 In OpenStack the base operating system is usually copied from an image stored in the OpenStack Image service. This is the most common case and results in an ephemeral instance that starts from a known template state and loses all accumulated states on shutdown. It is also possible to put an operating system on a persistent volume in the Nova-Volume or Cinder volume system. This gives a more traditional persistent system that accumulates states, which are preserved across restarts.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Dashboard (Horizon)

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Compute (Nova) 虚拟机类型

支持多种虚拟化技术

KVM - Kernel-based Virtual Machine. The virtual disk formats that it supports is inherited from QEMU since it uses a modified QEMU program to launch the virtual machine. The supported formats include raw images, the qcow2, and VMware formats. LXC - Linux Containers (through libvirt), use to run Linux-based virtual machines. QEMU - Quick EMUlator, generally only used for development purposes. UML - User Mode Linux, generally only used for development purposes. VMware vSphere 4.1 update 1 and newer, runs VMware-based Linux and Windows images through a connection with a vCenter server or directly with an ESXi host. Xen - XenServer, Xen Cloud Platform (XCP), use to run Linux or Windows virtual machines. You must install the nova-compute service in a para-virtualized VM. Hyper-V - Server virtualization with Microsoft's Hyper-V, use to run Windows, Linux, and FreeBSD virtual machines. Runs nova-compute natively on the Windows virtualization platform. Bare Metal - Not a hypervisor in the traditional sense, this driver provisions physical hardware through pluggable sub-drivers (for example, PXE for image deployment, and IPMI for power management).

虚拟机文件格式

Raw is natively supported by both KVM and Xen hypervisors /dev/sda to a file using the dd command. Qcow2 The qcow2 (QEMU copy-on-write version 2) format is commonly used with the KVM hypervisor. AMI/AKI/ARI The AMI/AKI/ARI format was the initial image format supported by Amazon EC2. VMDK VMWare's ESXi hypervisor uses the VMDK (Virtual Machine Disk) format for images. VDI VirtualBox uses the VDI (Virtual Disk Image) format for image files. None of the OpenStack Compute hypervisors support VDI directly, so you will need to convert these files to a different format to use them with OpenStack. VHD Microsoft Hyper-V uses the VHD (Virtual Hard Disk) format for images. VHDX The version of Hyper-V that ships with Microsoft Server 2012 uses the newer VHDX format, which has some additional features over VHD such as support for larger disk sizes and protection against data corruption during power failures. OVF OVF (Open Virtualization Format) is a packaging format for virtual Machines OpenStack Compute does not currently have support for OVF packages,so you will need to extract the image file(s) from an OVF package if you wish to use it with OpenStack. Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


网络虚拟化

云计算皇冠上的璀璨明珠

网络虚拟化

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

54


Neutron简介 • Neutron 是 OpenStack 的一个网络子模块,它的实质是一个定义良好的框架用来驱动 L2-L7 层不同的底层网络技术来为第三方应用独 立地提供租户隔离的虚拟网络服务。 • Neutron将网络按照三层交换机的概念分为:Network:相当于交换机根据vlan创建的一个三层接口;Subnet:相当于交换机创建了一 个三层接口地址;Port:相当于交换机的一个物理端口,但是这个端口有一个MAC地址;

Neutron支持的plugin有:

Open vSwitch Plugin Cisco UCS/Nexus Plugin Linux Bridge Plugin Modular Layer 2 Plugin Nicira Network Virtualization Platform (NVP) Plugin Ryu OpenFlow Controller Plugin NEC OpenFlow Plugin Big Switch Controller Plugin Cloudbase Hyper-V Plugin MidoNet Plugin Brocade Neutron Plugin Brocade Neutron Plugin PLUMgrid Plugin Mellanox Neutron Plugin Mellanox Neutron Plugin Embrane Neutron Plugin

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Plugin使用统计


三节点网络架构 (Neutron)

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Network connectivity for physical hosts(Neutron) Networking agents

General distinct physical data center networks

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Open vSwitch介绍 Open vSwitch是一个由Nicira Networks主导的开源项目,遵从Apache2.0许可下的产品级质量的多层虚拟交换标准。

OSI 网络七层模型 L7,应用层 :FTP协议、HTTP 协议 L6,表示层 L5,会话层 L4,运输层:结合端口 PORT 来唯一标志一个应用程序,UDP、TCP协议 L3,网络层:通过 IP 地址进行包转发 L2,数据链路层:通过 MAC 地址进行帧转发 L1,物理层 利用 L3 层扩展 L2 层的遂道技术 VXLAN 与 SDN 的本质 L2 数据链路层通过交换机设备进行帧转发。交换机在接收到帧之后(L2 层叫帧,L3 层叫包)先解析出帧头中的 MAC 地址,再 在转发表中查找是否有对应 MAC 地址的端口,有的话就从相应端口转发出去。 实际上,遂道技术并不能完全归类于 L2 层。因为有基于 L2 层的遂道协议,例如 PPTP 和 L2TP 等;也有基于 L3 层的遂道, 如 GRE、VXLAN、NVGRE 等;但是这些遂道从技术原理上讲差不多,所以技术上作为“大L2层”放在一块来描述。 Neutron 开发了对 GRE 模式的支持。GRE 是 L3 层的遂道技术,本质是在遂道的两端的 L4 层建立 UDP 连接传输重新包装的 L3 层包头,在目的地再取出包装后的包头进行解析。因为直接在遂道两端建立 UDP 连接,所以不需要在遂道两端路径的物理交 换机上配置 TRUNK 的操作。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


基于Open vSwitch的虚拟网络架构

two tenants, two networks, two routers

 Compute host config

 Network host config Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


易失性和持久性虚拟机

Users can launch any number of instances from the same image. • 在OpenStack Nova中存在两种类型存储,一类是本地易失性存储,另一类是持久块设备。两者最明显的特征就是持久块设备由Cinder项目 管理,并且具备大量API进行管理,如Snapshot,Backup等。而本地易失性存储由Nova的hypervisor实现,如在libvirt中目前支持Qcow, LVM镜像类型。这类存储只具备简单的创建和删除设备能力,主要用作创建Root,Swap,Empheremal磁盘分区的后备。 • Ephemeral storage is associated with a single unique instance, and it exists only for the life of that instance. The amount of ephemeral storage is defined by the flavor of the instance.Generally, the root file system for an instance will be stored on ephemeral storage. • Persistent volumes can be configured as bootable and used to provide a persistent virtual instance similar to traditional noncloud-based virtualization systems.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


运行一个虚拟机需要的存储 Images and instances

• To launch an instance, select an image, a flavor, and other optional attributes. The selected flavor provides a root volume, labeled vda in this diagram, and additional ephemeral storage, labeled vdb. In this example, the cinder-volume store is mapped to the third virtual disk on this instance, vdc. • The base image is copied from the image store to the local disk. The local disk is the first disk that the instance accesses, and is labeled vda. By using smaller images, your instances start up faster as less data needs to be copied across the network.

• A new empty disk, labeled vdb is also created. This is an empty ephemeral disk, which is destroyed when you delete the instance. • The compute node is attached to the cinder-volume using iSCSI, and maps to the third disk, vdc. The vCPU and memory resources are provisioned and the instance is booted from vda. The instance runs and changes data on the disks as indicated in red in the diagram.

• The additional ephemeral block device vdb of between 20 and 160GB. These sizes can be configured to suit your environment. This is presented as a raw block device with no partition table or file system. Cloud-aware operating system images can discover, format,and mount these storage devices. For example, the cloud-init package included in Ubuntu's stock cloud images format this space as an ext3 file system and mount it on /mnt.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Block Storage (Cinder)

To use different volume drivers for the cinder-volume service Volume drivers Ceph RADOS Block Device (RBD) Coraid AoE driver configuration Dell EqualLogic volume driver EMC SMI-S iSCSI driver GlusterFS driver HDS iSCSI volume driver HP 3PAR Fibre Channel and iSCSI drivers HP / LeftHand SAN Huawei storage driver IBM XIV/DS8K volume driver IBM GPFS volume driver IBM Storwize family and SVC volume driver NetApp unified driver Nexenta drivers NFS driver SolidFire VMware VMDK driver Windows XenAPINFS XenAPI Storage Manager volume driver Zadara

Backup drivers Ceph backup driver The Ceph backup driver backs up volumes of any type to a Ceph back-end store. The driver can also detect whether the volume to be backed up is a Ceph RBD volume, and if so, it tries to perform incremental and differential backups. IBM Tivoli Storage Manager backup driver The IBM Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM) backup driver enables performing volume backups to a TSM server.The TSM client should be installed and configured on the machine running the cinder-backup service. See the IBM Tivoli Storage Manager Backup-Archive Client Installation and User's Guide for details on installing the TSM client. Swift backup driver The backup driver for Swift back-end performs a volume backup to a Swift object storage system.To enable the Swift backup driver, include the following option in the cinder.conf file. In the Grizzly release, Fibre Channel supported only the KVM hypervisor.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


分布式文件系统MFS、Ceph、GlusterFS、Lustre的比较 MooseFS(MFS) Ceph GlusterFS Metadata server 单个MDS。存在单点故障和瓶多个MDS,不存在单点故障和瓶颈。 无,不存在单点故障。靠运行在各个节点上的动态算法来代替MDS,不 颈。 MDS可以扩展,不存在瓶颈。 需同步元数据,无硬盘I/O瓶颈。 FUSE 支持 支持 支持 访问接口 POSIX POSIX POSIX 文件分布/数据分布文件被分片,数据块保存在不 文件被分片,每个数据块是一个对 Cluster Translators(GlusterFS集群存储的核心)包括AFR、DHT(和 同的存储服务器上。 象。对象保存在不同的存储服务器 Stripe三种类型。AFR相当于RAID1,每个文件都被复制到多个存储节 上。 点上。Stripe相当于RAID0,文件被分片,数据被条带化到 各个存储 节点上。 Translators可以组合,即AFR和stripe可以组成RAID10,实现高性能 和高可用。 冗余保护/副本 多副本 多副本 镜像 数据可靠性 由数据的多副本提供可靠性。 由数据的多副本提供可靠性。 由镜像提供可靠性。 备份 故障恢复 扩展性

安装/部署 开发语言 适合场景

产品级别 应用 优缺点

Lustre 双MDS(互相备份)。MDS不可以扩展,存在瓶 颈。 支持 POSIX/MPI 可以把大文件分片并以类似RAID0的方式分散存 储在多个存储节点上。

无 由存储节点上的RAID1或RAID5/6提供可靠性。 假如存储节点失效,则数据不可用。 提供备份工具。支持远程备份。 手动恢复 当节点失效时,自动迁移数据、重 当节点、硬件、磁盘、网络发生故障时,系统会自动处理这些故障,管无 新复制副本。 理员不需介入。 增加存储服务器,可以提高容 可以增加元数据服务器和存储节点。容量可扩展。 可增加存储节点,提高容量可文件操作性能,但 量和文件操作性能。但是由于 容量可扩展。文件操作性能可扩展。 是由于不能增加MDS,因此元数据操作性能不 不能增加MDS,因此元数据操元数据操作性能可扩展。 能提高,是整个系统的瓶颈。 作性能不能提高,是整个系统 的瓶颈。 简单 简单 简单 复杂。而且Lustre严重依赖内核,需要重新编译 内核。 C C++ C C 大量小文件读写 小文件 适合大文件。对于小文件,无元 数据服务设计解决了元数据的问题。 大文件读写 但GlusterFS 并没有在I/O方面作优化,在存储服务器底层文件系统上 仍然是大量小文件,本地文件系统元数据访问是瓶颈,数据分布和并 行性也无法充分发挥作用。因此,GlusterFS的小文件性能还存在很大 优化空间。 小型 中型 中型 重型 国内较多 无 较多用户使用 HPC领域。 实施简单,但是存在单点故障。 不稳定,目前还在实验阶段,不适 无元数据服务器,堆栈式架构(基本功能模块可以进行堆栈式组合,实 很成熟、很庞大。 合于生产环境。 现强大功能)。具有线性横向扩展能力。 由于没有元数据服务器,因此增加了客户端的负载,占用相当的CPU和 内存。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle 但遍历文件目录时,则实现较为复杂和低效,需要搜索所有的存储节点。 and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 因此不建议使用较深的路径。


Ceph:一个 Linux PB 级分布式文件系统 Ceph 最初是一项关于存储系统的 PhD 研究项目,由 Sage Weil 在 University of California, Santa Cruz(UCSC)实施。但是到了 2010 年 3 月底,您可以在主线 Linux 内核(从 2.6.34 版开始)中找到 Ceph 的身影。 虽然 Ceph 可能还不适用于生产环境,但它对测试目的还是非常有用的。本 文探讨了 Ceph 文件系统及其独有的功能,这些功能让它成为可扩展分布式 存储的最有吸引力的备选。 Ceph 目标 开发一个分布式文件系统需要多方努力,但是如果能准确地解决问题,它就 是无价的。Ceph 的目标简单地定义为: 可轻松扩展到数 PB 容量 对多种工作负载的高性能(每秒输入/输出操作[IOPS]和带宽) 高可靠性 整体而言,Ceph事实上是目前OpenStack生态系统中呼声最高的开源存储 解决方案。这一点从笔者在OpenStack 2013 HongKong Summit上的亲身 体验可以得到印证。目前,以HP、Dell、Intel等为代表的企业IT领导厂商, 和以Mirantis、eNovance、UnitedStack为代表的若干OpenStack社区新 兴厂商,都将Ceph作为重要的乃至于首选的开源存储解决方案。 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Object Storage (Swift) • Proxy servers. Handle all of the incoming API requests. • Rings. Map logical names of data to locations on particular disks. • Zones. Isolate data from other zones. A failure in one zone doesn’t impact the rest of the cluster because data is replicated across zones.

• Accounts and containers. Each account and container are individual databases that are distributed across the cluster. An account database contains the list of containers in that account. A container database contains the list of objects in that container. • Objects. The data itself. • Partitions. A partition stores objects, account databases, and container databases and helps manage locations where data lives in the cluster.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Hadoop分布式文件系统和OpenStack对象存储有何不同? • “HDFS (Hadoop分布式文件系统)和OpenStack对象存储(OpenStack Object Storage)似乎都有着相似的目的:实现冗余、快 速、联网的存储。什么样的技术特性让这两种系统因而不一样?这两种存储系统最终趋于融合是否大有意义?”RackSpace的 OpenStack Swift开发者Chuck Their发表了如下观点:  虽然HDFS与Openstack对象存储(Swift)之间有着一些相似之处,但是这两种系统的总体设计却大不一样。  1. HDFS使用了中央系统来维护文件元数据(Namenode,名称节点),而在Swift中,元数据呈分布式,跨集群复制。使用一种中 央元数据系统对HDFS来说无异于单一故障点,因而扩展到规模非常大的环境显得更困难。  2. Swift在设计时考虑到了多租户架构,而HDFS没有多租户架构这个概念。  3. HDFS针对更庞大的文件作了优化(这是处理数据时通常会出现的情况),Swift被设计成了可以存储任何大小的文件。  4. 在HDFS中,文件写入一次,而且每次只能有一个文件写入;而在Swift中,文件可以写入多次,在并发操作环境下,以最近一 次操作为准。  5. HDFS用Java来编写,而Swift用Python来编写。  另外,HDFS被设计成了可以存储数量中等的大文件,以支持数据处理,而Swift被设计成了一种比较通用的存储解决方案,能够 可靠地存储数量非常多的大小不一的文件。

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


手工创建Images

# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /tmp/centos-6.4.qcow2 10G # virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos-6.4 --ram 1024 --cdrom=/data/isos/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-netinstall.iso --disk /tmp/centos6.4.qcow2,format=qcow2 --network network=default --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole --os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel6 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Solaris 11.2 云技术特性 郭峰 资深销售顾问 甲骨文中国系统事业部 August 2014

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |


Oracle Cloud 3.0

全面的解决方案横跨各种云交付模式

1.0

Oracle私有云 解决方案

2.0

Oracle公有云和私有云 混合解决方案

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

3.0 构建Multi-Cloud 多云融合解决方案


Oracle Solaris – Engineered for Cloud Oracle Solaris 11.2 带来企业级的 OpenStack

云敏捷性

企业就绪

 #1 企业系统平台 – 为核心关键应

用而设计

 零额外开销虚拟化  敏捷、自服务环境

 良好的工作负载扩展能力

 虚拟机保护

 确保数据完整性

 应用驱动的SDN

 安全设计

 可扩展的数据管理能力

 可测量的生产安全性

 自动监控

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle Solaris Enterprise OpenStack

Shared Storage

Horizon Cloud Management

OVM for X86

x86

x86

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


OpenStack vs. Oracle

Unified Archive Integration with OpenStack Horizon

Cloud Management

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Cloud APIs Neutron

Nova

Cinder

Swift

Glance

Cloud Cloud

VM Cloud VM VM

Compute Virtualization

Oracle VM Zones & Kernel Zones

Cloud Networking

Oracle Virtual Networking Elastic Virtual Switch

Cloud Storage

Oracle ZS3, Oracle Axiom, Oracle StorageTek Tape

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Image Deployment

Oracle VM Templates Unified Archives


Oracle Solaris OpenStack Dashboard

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Solaris 网络虚拟化和 SDN Elastic Virtual Switch

• Solaris SDN – 集成到Solaris系统中 – Fabric优化 • 智能利用可用的fabric • 按需使用隧道技术

Elastic Virtual Switch Software Defined Network

– 通过OpenStack管理

Application-driven software defined networking

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


VxLAN virtual extensible local area network VXLAN is a Layer 2 technology that enables you to create a Layer 2 network on top of a Layer 3 network, thereby providing further network isolation. VXLAN provides a virtual Layer 2 network that stretches over multiple physical Layer 2 networks. Therefore, provisioning resources in a cloud environment is not restricted to a single physical Layer 2 network. Physical servers can be a part of a VXLAN network as long as they are connected by IPv4 or IPv6 networks. Increases scalability in virtualized cloud environments as the VXLAN ID is 24 bits, which enables you to create up to 16 million isolated networks. This overcomes the limitation of VLANs having the 12 bits VLAN ID, which enables you to create a maximum of 4094 isolated networks. You can use the VXLAN technology with the Elastic Virtual Switch (EVS) feature of Oracle Solaris to create a large number of virtual networks. Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

75


VxLAN Requirements • Ensure that IP multicasting is supported on the network. If IP multicasting is not supported, VMs in the VxLAN cannot communicate with each other. • If the VxLAN includes servers in different IP subnets, then multicast routing must be supported across the subnets. If multicasting routing is not supported, only the VMs over the VxLANs on the same IP subnet can communicate with each other and VMs over VxLANs on different IP subnets, for example, geographically dispersed data centers cannot communicate with each other.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

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Elastic Virtual Switch (EVS)

Supports multitenant virtual networks The Oracle Solaris Elastic Virtual Switch (EVS) feature enables you to create and administer a virtual switch that spans one or more physical machines (nodes). An elastic virtual switch is an entity that represents explicitly created virtual switches that belong to the same Layer 2 (L2) segment. An elastic virtual switch provides network connectivity between VMs connected to it from anywhere in the network. An elastic virtual switch represents an isolated L2 segment, and the isolation is implemented through VLANs or VXLANs.

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

77


EVS Components EVS has the following components: You must configure only one compute node as an EVS controller in your network and then set the EVS controller on each EVS node so that the EVS nodes can communicate with the EVS controller

EVS manager EVS controller EVS clients EVS nodes pkg:/service/network/evs You need to install the core package pkg:/service/network/evs on the EVS manager, EVS controller, and EVS nodes. pkg:/system/management/rad/module/rad-evs-controller You need to install this package only on the system that acts as an EVS controller. You must use only one controller to manage all the elastic virtual switches in a data center. Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

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Solaris Kernel Zones

OS and Virtualization – Engineered Together

新一代虚拟化技术 • 简化管理 • 有效利用Solaris资源管理和网络 虚拟化

S11.2

• 平滑的P2V 和 V2P

S11.3

S11.4

Virtual Router

• 主机和虚拟机根文件系统保护

S11.2

• 同时支持SPARC 和 x86 10GbE Network

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

InfiniBand Fabric


最有效的企业云虚拟化 性能、虚拟化、安全性 – 无需妥协

32X 虚拟化密度

虚拟化性能损失 +VM SOFTWARE + 44 Virtual Virtual Machines Machines

零虚拟化额外开销 应用系统如同运行于物理 操作系统 -- 优化SLAs、 减少停机时间

26%

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

C + VM + S

SPARC + VM + Solaris

~1% 4 Virtual Machines

4 Virtual Machines


Oracle Solaris Kernel Zones • An Oracle Solaris Kernel Zone, also called a solaris-kz branded zone, uses the branded zones framework to run a zone with a separate kernel and operating system (OS) installation from the global zone. • # pkg list brand/brand-solaris-kz

• # zonecfg -z kzone1 – Use 'create' to begin configuring a new zone. – zonecfg:kzone1> create -t SYSsolaris-kz – zonecfg:kzone1> commit – zonecfg:kzone1> exit • # zoneadm -z kzone1 verify • # zoneadm -z kzone1 install • # zoneadm -z kzone1 boot • # zlogin -C kzone1

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

81


EVS Works With Zones • Solaris Zones and Solaris Kernel Zones support the EVS feature.

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

82


快速应用部署

通过Unified Archives实现快速应用克隆

2X 更快的应用部署 敏捷应用 快速归档创建,即时部 署,加速开发到生产的 周期。提供跨虚拟机和 物理机的部署敏捷性

Create Clone Archive

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Unified Archives


通过Oracle Solaris实现应用的按需部署 Agile. Secure. Compliant. Complete. Oracle 测试和优化Solaris上的 应用程序, 创建 Unified Archives

应用以Unified Archives 形 式发布到Oracle.com

客户的 Solaris 应用软件库

部署软件模板到物理机、Zone、 Kernel Zone或 OVM中

App-Store

+

发布

下载

灵活部署 客户应用

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


通过Solaris简化企业私有云的安装部署 利用Unified Archives加快部署 下载OpenStack Unified Archive

部署Archive

10:00

10:10

OpenStack Unified Archive

网络连接, SSH 配置

激活云服务

10:15

系统就绪

10:18

10:20

Horizon

AI Server

Cloud APIs

部署 Nova

Neutron

OpenStack 在 Solaris 上的安装部署仅需 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cinder / Swift

10

分钟

Glance


私有云环境的快速更新 通过 IPS集成软件生命周期管理 IPS Package Repo

10:00 开始升级 Horizon

Glance

安排升级

OpenStack Grizzly

Neutron

Nova

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cinder / Swift


企业私有云在数分钟内完成更新 通过 IPS集成软件生命周期管理 10:20 升级完成 Horizon

Glance

升级完成

OpenStack Havana

Neutron

Nova

快速, 无故障的企业私有云更新仅需 Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Cinder / Swift

20

分钟


Unified Archives • Unified Archives are a new native archive type for Oracle Solaris. Unified Archives enable multiple system instances to be archived in a single unified file format. Unified Archives may contain one or more archived instances of Oracle Solaris from a single host. You can select individual installed zones to include during archive creation, and the host itself is optional.

Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

88


Clone archive & Recovery archive • A clone archive is based upon the system's active boot environment (BE) at the time the archive is created.Therefore, only one BE may be archived at a time. The clone archive type is intended for rapid creationand deployment of custom images. Also, a clone archive does not include any of the system configuration information from the OS instance, as well as any sensitive data such as SSH keys or passwords. – # archiveadm create /var/tmp/production1.uar

• A recovery archive is a full-system archive containing all boot environments from all included instances. Recovery archives consist of a single deployable system regardless of the OS instances which comprise it. A recovery archive is intended to be used for recovery operations, as might be needed in case of a hardware failure. – # archiveadm create -r -z global /var/tmp/globalrecovery.uar

• Flash Archives are commonly used in pre-Oracle Solaris 11 environments to enable system recovery operations, as well as to achieve the creation and deployment of custom images.

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

89


Configuring and Deploying a Zone • # zonecfg -z test-net create -a /var/tmp/example-net-recovery.uar

• # zoneadm -z test-net install -a /var/tmp/example-net-recovery.uar • # zoneadm -z test-dev boot

Copyright © 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

90


OS

Virtualization

SDN

COMPLETE. Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

OpenStack


Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle

92


Copyright Š 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


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