Higher Ed
AGWEEK / Monday, September 30, 2013 - PAGE 1
in Agriculture
Knowledge is potential power n
University of Montana program encourages activism
By Sarah Dykowski
Agweek Staff Writer
Graduate students specializing in Sustainable Food and Farming all seem to agree, it’s hard to choose just one area to research. “I want to learn and do so much that it’s been difficult for me to narrow down to one single topic,” says Katie Leblanc, a second-year master’s candidate specializing in Sustainable Food and Farming at the University of Montana’s Environmental Studies (ENST) department. “I’m realizing that I’m only one person and instead of being scattered all over the board, I should really focus on one place and put all of my energy into that.” Likewise, second-year master’s candidate Stephanie Potts says, “I just want to do it all.” And it’s no wonder, since the program is linked to a broad spectrum of organizations and activities. One of the more prominent programs is the student farm — Program in Ecological Agriculture and Society. Undergraduates work on the PEAS farm for class credit, but the graduate students who help lead them see more benefit. “It’s a way to introduce labor and work and what it’s like to see the fruits of your labor,” teaching assistant Caroline Stephens says. “For some people it’s not new, they’re there to meet people and participate in the community.” University of Montana UMT: See Page 3
G Master’s candidate Stephanie Potts holds a basket of tomatoes grown on UMT’s student farm.
UMC students make the most of opportunities n
By Sarah Dykowski Agweek Staff Writer
From tasting raw sugar in Brazil to starting a business from scratch, the
When do they sleep?
students at the University of Minnesota-Crookston seek opportunities for real world experiences. “I never thought, being a small-town farm girl from Debs, Minn., [I] would end up flying to a whole other continent, to a country that speaks an entirely different language with 13 people I barely even know, and I did it,” says Ashley Hoffman, senior agronomy and agricultural business major.
“And I have to say it was one of the greatest experiences I have ever had.” Hoffman says she came to the university because of its proximity to Debs and its small class sizes. Now she interns with an agronomist from her home area. “I’ve gotten an internship, and I’m actually going to work there next summer after I graduate. So that’s kind of helping me get out in the real world,” she says. She says working with an independent
agronomist has helped her figure out what she wants to do in her own career. “I can go kind of a lot of different directions with both degrees, but I do want to work independently like my boss,” she says. “It’s more for the growers, I feel like. You don’t have to meet a certain quota or certain numbers or prices. You can tell them exactly what you think.” UMC: See Page 2
PAGE 2 - Monday, September 30, 2013 / AGWEEK
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She is not the only UMC student making plans for a career in agriculture. “I started a business back in my home town of Staples, Minn., in June of last year doing seed advising and sales and a little bit of independent crop consulting,” says Dustin Smith, senior agronomy and agricultural business major. “Trying to maintain and grow my business while at school three hours away is difficult, but my hope is to be able to get it to a point that I can make a living with it right out of school. If I can’t grow that much, I’m looking at attending the University of Minnesota Twin Cities for a master’s degree in Agricultural Education and becoming a high school agriculture teacher or a director of agronomic research for a public institution.” Senior Brian Oachs shares not only Hoffman and Smith’s double major, but also their ambition. “Upon completion of school in December of 2014, I hope to be sitting in the position of already having a job waiting for me,” he says. “My plan as of now is to possibly stay away from home for a few years to get a taste of agriculture in the Red River Valley or in the west and southern parts of Minnesota. I think this is a good option because it is easy to go back to your comfort zone and never leave, while, if you explore, you can gain a better understanding and a more well-rounded perspective of the world and ag.” Oachs says his passion for agriculture began at his family farm in Herman, Minn., and the fields that neighbor UMC’s campus make him feel right at home. He thinks his internship experience with the ag co-op in Herman, as well as his work on his family’s farm, will give him the tools he needs to succeed in the job market. But he says his favorite experiences in college relate to the organizations he joined. “I am president of the Ag Business Club on campus, involved in Agronomy Club and involved in North American Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture,” he says. Smith also values his extracurricular experiences. “I think that my experiences through extracurricular activities will be most beneficial to me as I look to the job market,” he says. “Through my experiences in FFA I have developed exceptional personal and professional leadership skills and met a wide variety of highly influential people in agriculture. As the chairman of the UMC chapter of NACTA, I have had to manage a personnel of 29, coordinated transportation, housing, tours, schedules and meals, and managed the accounting and fundraising for the $20,000 trip to Texas.” While these activities keep Smith incredibly busy, he has no plans to slow down. “I’ve built up the mentality over time that I want to make the most of every opportunity that can make me a better me. There are many days that I would consider myself overly stressed, but I find that if I keep a smile on my face, I can look back with pride on the project that I had so much invested in,” he says.
Intense but personalized
A rigorous but personal classroom experience rounds out these students’ time at UMC. Oachs describes his weed and seed identification class last spring this way: “It was a course based heavily on memorization. We would get 10 to 20 new seeds or plants a week, get quizzed on them on Wednesday, then tested on them on Friday. With each new set of seeds or plants you would get study guides to help you learn each one’s individual characteristics. Each quiz had 50 to 60 seeds or plants on them, then the test had 100 seeds or plants. The tests usually had a mix of seeds and plants once we reached the plant ID part of the course.” He says the course was intense. “You had to figure out what studying method worked out for you quickly.” Likewise, Hoffman says her plant breeding and genetics course was the most difficult so far, but she says courses get easier and more interesting as she learns more about her majors. Despite the difficulty, she cautions freshmen not to write off those general classes. “If I could go back I would tell myself that certain classes at the beginning were more important than you would think they would be,” she says. “Now even since I started my internship, I realize that maybe I should have paid a little more attention in some of them.” Although the courses are demanding, students say the faculty makes the experience much easier. “The agriculture program here at UMC, I feel, is very sound,” Oachs says. “The teachers in the department care about how you perform and are willing to work with you with whatever questions you may have.” Hoffman shares Oachs’ positive impression of the faculty. “I love it. I love the small classes and the fact that I can go to any of my teachers’ doors when they’re around and they know who I am and they talk to me whenever.”
University of Minnesota
G Brian Oachs identifies weed and seed samples for a quiz.
UMT
Continued from Page 1 As a community-supported agriculture (CSA) farm with about 50 members, PEAS allows students to engage with a wide variety of community members. But the CSA members are not the only group who benefits from PEAS. “We donate about 6,000 pounds of onions per year to the food bank,” Stephens says. PEAS farm caretaker and second-year master’s candidate Ellie Costello says the farm also serves Missoula residents who qualify for the Women Infants Children program, as well as a subsidized food program for senior citizens. “I would say that the most important thing to me is that it’s staged in community and practice and real work,” Stephens says of the ENST program at UMT. The PEAS farm, a collaborative effort between UMT and an urban-gardening organization called Garden City Harvest, is just one example of ENST linking students to the community.
Finding employment
In many classes, student projects yield results Missoula residents and business owners can use. This often leads to job opportunities for students. Second-year master’s candidate Kimberly Gilchrist works at a local farmers cooperative. “I got involved with them initially through a class project. The class as a
whole conducted a case study of the cooperative to determine its role in the western Montana food system. I was in a group that interviewed the co-op’s customers to see how the co-op was serving them. From there, I began interning with them to develop a marketing plan, using info from the case study plus past communication and marketing experience of mine.” This led Gilchrist to a job packing wholesale orders. “I think the co-op model holds a lot of potential for the local food movement. While the exact task of packing orders isn’t exactly what I aspire to, it’s given me great insight into the inner-workings of the co-op. I’ve really valued my experience working with them so far,” she says. Leblanc also found employment through university connections. She works with the farmers market in Missoula setting up and tearing down booths and assisting customers, particularly those buying through government programs such as food stamps. “I love taking government funding and injecting it truly in a local arena. I’m 24 years old, and for the first time in my life I love my job. I love this job.” She’s also involved in writing a grant proposal for the market. “I’m getting so many practical skills in this program. They’re giving me all these tools and practice using them, and I can take them anywhere. That is worth every single moment of my time. I work at the farmers market, and I love it. I have all these job opportunities, and it’s all because of the professors
AGWEEK / Monday, September 30, 2013 - PAGE 3 loving where they live and the people people are doing things,” she says. that they work with,” she says. “There’s a lot of opportunity and recepPotts works for Grow Montana, a coali- tion of the community, to especially tion that helps implement much of the graduate students, but all students takresearch students do in the community. ing on responsibility and really giving “The university has served a great back in the community, which is hoperole in helping us figure out research fully what people will take to other and giving us students to help get projplaces and go on with this kind of work ects off the ground,” she says. in other places, as well.” One example of Grow Montana’s inWith community involvement, the fluence in the state is the Farm-to-Colprogram fosters a certain level of aclege program. UMT’s food service buys tivism, particularly surrounding the foods that are locally grown, putting idea of sustainable farming. state funds into farmers’ hands. LikeThe U.S. is slow to recognize the need wise, the coalition changed state law for a sustainable food system that is that required public schools to choose “socially just and economically viable the cheapest option when selecting a for farmers,” Leblanc says. “It’s like a food supplier. It now includes a provithree-legged stool; we have to have all sion allowing them to choose a local of them. The stool can’t stand by itself supplier, even if it is more expensive. with just two or one. We’re in the handful that are pushing for the three-legged Community activism stool, while taking into consideration Students view their work with the that ranchers and farmers have to feed community as imperative to success in their families. A lot of times, economics their field. and sustainability are separated from “I think our Environmental Studies one another, but Montana really shows program really offers the opportunity they don’t have to be. It really encourfor activism, and it’s focused on that,” ages engagement.” Costello says. “Whether you’re doing The idea of including farmers and agricultural work or environmental ranchers in the discussion is important writing work or education or any other to students’ goals. component, our faculty requires you to “There are a lot of people who aren’t get out and actually do something, as being heard from who should be,” opposed to writing solely academic paGilchrist says. “Whenever you’re at a pers. You’ve really got to invest yourself discussion table and you want to start in different communities.” on a project, the first step is to talk to Costello says the community is what your community and see what they drew her to UMT in the first place. think is best. I think the most important “I think getting to be in Missoula (is a UMT: See Page 4 strength of the program), a town where
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PAGE 4 - Monday, September 30, 2013 / AGWEEK
UMT
like ranchers and farmers. What do they think of the issue? Montana has really helped me learn how to view a place and listen to the people.”
Continued from Page 3 thing is to see, with all the environmental issues that we’re going to be tackling in the coming years, they all mean something different to different people. Just get as many opinions from the people who are dealing with these issues
Future plans
Even with so many programs and activities, students are not encouraged to delay graduation unnecessarily. “My advisors are really encouraging,” Leblanc says. “They want to get me done,
University of Montana
G This hog lives on the PEAS farm at UMT.
so I can start being a force in the workplace. They want me to stay here and get the tools I need, but they also are realistic and know that those tools are useless unless I use them. There’s a big sign outside the Environmental Studies department that says ‘knowledge is potential power.’ And I think that’s so true of their motto in general. You can get all the knowledge in the world, but unless you use it, it doesn’t make much sense. That’s why I came here really. That’s the motto I align myself with.” How students apply the knowledge gained from the program after they leave the university can vary. “I would love to be able to write about my experiences and communicate those to a wider audience,” Stephens says. “I could see myself as a communication director for some sort of environmental nonprofit that works on agriculture issues and I can see myself as a policy analyst for a similar kind of nonprofit, but really I would like to be a writer. That’s dependent on my abilities and if people like what I write.” Ultimately, for many, it comes down to helping people sustain a livelihood based on agriculture. “I come from a rural area and I love the aspect of rural communities and rural livelihoods,” Leblanc says. “There’s a very small percentage of people who are farmers and that number is falling. But I feel that if people want to have that as an option, they should. So what I want to do for the rest of my life is be someone that helps these people navigate doors so they can live the life they want. If that means policy change, lobbying, being an extension agent, I would love to do that.”
Feeling the squeeze
Students are confident the program will aid them in achieving their goals, despite cuts putting pressure on universities all over the nation including the ENST program. “My only real qualm with the program is the uncertainty of funding,” first-year master’s candidate Erica Langston says. “The financial assault on much of the humanities has left funding scarce and unevenly dispersed, and while I was fortunate enough to secure a teaching assistantship this year, it almost certainly will not extend beyond the spring semester. I’ve found myself extensively distracted by researching funding sources for next year, time I know I should be spending on thesis research and writing. The faculty have assured me that multiple awards will be available to apply for, but the uncertainty of it has been taxing.” Likewise, students perceive that their professors are stretched by lack of funds. “I would love it if they could provide one or two more faculty members,” Costello says. “I think in the past 10 years, the department has shrunk a little bit and cut down. There’s not enough funding to really support the professors in the program, who are doing an excellent job taking a lot of time for students and putting a lot into their work. I would like to see them a little less stretched thin. I think doing that would provide more classes too and then you’d have more options.”
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AGWEEK / Monday, September 30, 2013 - PAGE 5
Taking the opportunity Plenty of jobs await Precision Ag Center students n
By Will Powell
Agweek Staff Writer
Students working with Lake Region State College’s Dakota Precision Ag Center won’t have to worry about finding job opportunities after graduation — opportunities have already found them. “We were just down to the Big Iron Farm Show (in West Fargo, Sept. 10 to 12),” says Brad Mathson, assistant director for the North Dakota Precision Ag Center. “A few of them had already had job offers, and have two years left in the program. The number of jobs out there is huge. We do not only of two-year program for an AAS (associate’s in applied science) degree, but we also do workforce training for equipment dealers, farm supply cooperatives, those types of things.” “We structure our training program
GROWING TOGETHER FOR OVER 25 YEARS
around some of the conventional coursework that one would expect from agriculture; the principles of soil science,” says Paul Gunderson, program director for NDPAC. “Our students have to master chemistry, college algebra, introduction to wheat science, principles of crop production.” Working with Lake Region State College in Devils Lake, N.D., Gunderson has been developing NDPAC since 2006. Much of the coursework within the current NDPAC program is born out of a 2006 project at Lake Region State College that explored the benefits of precision ag. “We put ‘answer farms’ together in our program; these are operating farms, and we initially evaluated the payback for agricultural producers if they implemented precision agriculture technologies,” Gunderson says. “We wanted to make certain that this program was anchored on real-life production agriculture. That meant that as our answer farmers worked with us, they shared their data with us so that we had a substantial amount of instructional material from which we could draw as we PRECISION: See Page 6
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PAGE 6 - Monday, September 30, 2013 / AGWEEK
Spirit of Competition Ag programs at SDSU Extension foster hands-on learning
n
By Will Powell
Agweek Staff Writer
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South Dakota State University Extension has several agricultural programs of a competitive nature, though they maintain their primary focus of educating youth. Peter Nielson, director of SDSU Extension’s 4-H Youth Development program, says SDSU is more than supportive of 4-H’s goal of fostering young farmers while allowing them to compete with each other for top honors. “They support our administrative staff and the extension service,” Nielson says. “We hope to, with our strategic planning for 2018, put more and more emphasis on how 4-H is one of the first classes someone can take at SDSU by looking at recruitment and outreach.” The 4-H Youth Development program holds several competitive events each year, not counting the major competitive events it hosts at the South Dakota State Fair. There are currently 9,000 members in the program, but Nielson considers the program’s “touch” — its number of active participants — to be 40,000 to 60,000 people across South Dakota.
PRECISION Continued from Page 5
prepared to implement the training program.”
Skills in demand As an instructor, Mathson keeps NDPAC’s students focused on training, but he also keeps them focused on the bottom line. “I think in North Dakota alone, there’s something like 190-some openings in this field; nationwide, it’s substantially more,” Mathson says. According to Mathson, one of his students is being sponsored in NDPAC by Gooseneck Implement, a Minot, N.D., equipment dealer. When the student graduates from NDPAC, he will be hired on a multi-year contract. One Canadian implement dealer offered to sponsor six students, Mathson says. “They’ll have a wide base of information on agronomy, so they’ll be able to understand not only how to install equipment and how to troubleshoot the equipment, but how the equipment relates to different agronomic functions, so they’ll be able to understand, looking at an agricultural or agronomy prob-
The most prominent of the program’s events are its annual horse show and shooting sports competition, which onethird of the program’s members compete in. “In fairness, there’s a lot of competition in the traditional 4-H programs, and that’s why we’ve looked at how we make it more education-based to look at the series of events that happens from ages 5 to 19 so they have a continuum of learning in the program,” Nielson says. Outside of competitive events, the 4-H Youth Development program, working with the South Dakota 4-H leadership, organize and manage the South Dakota State Fair. SDSU Extension also hosts six Regional Dairy Judging Schools and a dairy science competition, hosted by the SDSU chapter of Sigma Xi and geared toward graduate students. According to SDSU, its series of Dairy Judging schools teach young participants how to identify and evaluate cattle based on the Dairy Cow Unified Scorecard, identify breed standards, and gain an increased understanding of cattle through performance and pedigree evaluation. In 2013, 73 youths across South Dakota participated in the Dairy Judging school program. SDSU graduate and doctoral students competing in the 2013 Sigma Xi contest were judged on written research proposals and follow-up oral presentations. SDSU reports Ishwary Acharya won the 2013 Sigma Xi event with his proposal Maximizing the Use of High Quality Forages in the Rations of High Producing Dairy Cows. lem, what type of precision agriculture equipment can best be used to manage or be helpful to solve those types of problems,” Mathson says. “We work a lot on soft skills, business ethics, appearance; a lot of character building ... in addition to technical knowledge, we want to make sure they have the soft skills to be successful.” NDPAC is working on an articulation agreement with NDSU that may guarantee NDPAC graduates’ placement within NDSU for four-year agronomy programs. NDPAC also hopes to have academic articulation agreements with Colorado State University and the University of Minnesota. NDPAC hopes articulation agreements with other North Dakota colleges will give their target audience of veterans, displaced workers and recent high school graduates even more options for advancing through the job market. “We’re working with service organizations to get the word out to veterans and the opportunities for them,” Mathson says. “It’s a natural fit as they’re being discharged from the service, most of them have GPS training in one shape or form or otherwise, some technical experience, so it would be easy for them to transfer their skills from the service into civilian life.”
AGWEEK / Monday, September 30, 2013 - PAGE 7
Knowledge at no cost
NDSU Extension’s community service to wheat farmers
F Joel Ransom, NDSU Extension agronomist, and his team prepare to combine winter wheat for 2013’s winter wheat trials.
n
By Will Powell
Agweek Staff Writer
A little-known agricultural outreach program at North Dakota State University Extension plays an important role in the survival of North Dakota’s winter wheat farmers. Joel Ransom, an NDSU Extension agronomist for cereal crops, has organized the school’s winter wheat trials program since September 2002, but the program has existed for several decades. Annual winter wheat trials involve testing and analyzing winter wheat seeds in an attempt to accurately predict how the crop will perform under recent seasonal conditions. Ransom says the purpose of NDSU Extension’s winter wheat trials is to evaluate the performance of commercially available winter wheat varieties to help farmers select varieties that will, perform well on their farms. “We organize this as a service to growers as part of our mandate to provide unbiased information of an agricultural nature,” Ransom says. “We also
North Dakota State University Extension
now include any private varieties that are commercially available.” Ransom and his team test the genetic properties of various types of winter wheat to reach their conclusions. In 2013, NDSU Extension tested 21 varieties of winter wheat near Carrington.
“Measurements are made on a range of characteristics that have some impact on the performance of the variety. This gives the farmer a sense of how tall the variety will be, whether it will have a lot of straw or less straw or whether it’ll be prone to lodging, which
is falling over,” Ransom says. In addition to plant height, the winter wheat trials measure a plant’s weight, protein level and grain yield, which is important for farmers headed to the local grain elevator. “Yield would probably be the most important thing on that list,” Ransom says. “If they [farmers] have had a problem getting high-quality wheat, they may say ‘I’m going to take that highyielding one, but not the highest-yielding one; I’m going to take the one with a little higher protein.’ That would be kind of an iterative process that the farmer could use to select what they want to grow. “We recommend that they use more than one year’s data if it’s available, because one year is not always going to be descriptive of how that variety will perform.” Ransom thinks NDSU is the clearest choice to undertake the task because of its expansive agronomy facilities and resources. “We have quite an efficient network to do this,” Ransom says.
PAGE 8 - Monday, September 30, 2013 / AGWEEK
StudentS learn from the beSt Recognized as one of the nation’s top 108 public and private universities by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education
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