PORTFOLIO
XIAOFEI
SUN
Contents
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2
Architecture double
Academic Works
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The SJTU carbon neutral campus
Professional Works
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Changping IT park
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Recombinant Fengdu waterfront
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Frugal palazzo
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The bird-foot delta and the speculative city
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Hudson net-zero building lab
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GIS research on Brooklyn
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Other works
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Resume
Academic Works
3
THE ARCHITECTURE DOUBLE WITH A HIDDEN FLOOR
Half a century ago, architecture embraced open-endedness. Buildings would change and grow both physically and conceptually. Architects also questioned authorship as many would no longer strive to prescribe outcomes, let alone inscribe meanings. Against the intention of the modern master Giuseppe Terragni and his effort to monumentalize Fascism, his masterpiece, Casa del Fascio was later renamed and reprogrammed to Piazza del Popolo as a result of cultural and sociopolitical 4
Work from the Columbia GSAPP Open Work Seminar Instructor: Enrique Walker
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shift, thus, buildings are proved to be read as an emotional object open for interpretation. However, one may argue Italian rationalism sets a more intellectual backbone for the architecture discipline than the post-modernists did. The intellectual intensity initiated by the Como Rationalists, so much so that one may even claim that this building is one of the major inspirations behind the so-called ‘autonomous architecture’ with its ‘rational’ code underlying the modeling of its layered façade was
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downplayed by the following Italian rationalism architects and stifled by the post-rationalism architecture. The proposal of an architecture double of the Piazza del Popolo strives not only to establish a unique dialogue with the existing building by reiterating its scale and axis but would also to rejuvenate the lineage by reinterpreting its underlying compositional logic to invite the readers through their bodily experience, without too much of an intellectual effort, to be part of this intense architecture discourse.
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SITE MODEL While the Cattedrale Santa Maria is the regarded as the center of the city, Casa del Fascio and the Piazza Cavour are almost rotational symmetrical around the Cathedral, which determines the initial forces for both buildings (put forward by Peter Eisenman in his dissertation The Formal Basis of Modern Architecture), thus, the new building is a palindrome of the old one. While Casa del Fascio is designed to express the influence of the Cathedral and the presence of the internal atrium defined and implied with its presence of construction, be it walls, columns, beams, or planes, individuals experience of architecture has primarily been defined by their perception through vision. In fact, the ‘interiority of architecture more than any other discourse defines a hierarchy of vision articulated by inside and outside’[Eisenman 558]. Interior and exterior are clearly defined in the Casa del Fascio, but the separation and/or inversion of these concepts allows for a different perspective and analysis to become possible. For instance, tracing the paths of movement of dwellers, as well as the path through which light enters the building, one may begin to reveal a new body, a new structure.
Light Penestration
First Floor Plan, Casa del Fascio
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Plan View of Interior Body
Front View of Interior Body
Side View of Interior Body
Horizontal Movement
Vertical Movement
AIA Architecture Slope Category
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NW VIEW
SE VIEW
NE VIEW
SW VIEW
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1st floor plan
2nd floor plan
3rd floor plan
In compliance with Casa del Fascio’s rational half cube of a perfect square and half as high as its 110 foot width, the new museum introduce a vertical disturbance that shift the original order. A mezzanine between the second and third floor that breaks the exactly divisible vertical order and consequently bring obliqueness into the formal game. Two circulations are devised as a consequence, one lead the visitor to the mezzanine and the other guarantee the visibility of the mezzanine but take the visitor directly to the fourth floor.
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4th floor plan
5th floor plan
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View from Casa del Fascio
The new order with its seemingly digressive obliqueness, however, readopts and reiterates the new hidden order (the new structure defined by the light and movements) and rhythm of the original building. The angle of inclination is limited to stay under 3° as imperceptible slopes manipulating visitors’ bodily experience unconsciously. So, both visitors and art pieces are seeking the most horizontal mezzanine level subconsciously.
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5th floor view
4th floor view
4th floor view
3rd floor view
1st floor view
2nd floor view
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COMPARISON
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COMPARISON
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The 2022 SJTU International Competition on the Design of a Carbon Neutral Campus 26 Role: architecture designer, participation in all chapters and phases. Leading designer of academic and residential buildings.
The carbon-neutral campus of SJTU aims to redefine the 21stcentury research university that encourages a more sustainable Anthropocene.
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The 19th Communist Party of China National Congress Report highlighted the significance of building greener cities, universities, communities, transportation, etc. Hence, it recognizes sustainable development as a focus of the contemporary. Chongming Island itself is an ecological tabula rasa for experimenting with the new green architectural typologies. The Shanghai Chongming District Master Plan and Land Use Master Plan (2017-2035) clarifies the positioning of the ecologically dominant urban circle of Dongtan (Chenjia Town) and the development goals, ecological and land use bottom lines, and system guidelines of Chenjia Town. An innovative function agglomeration led by ecological technology, and a vibrant town featuring leisure and outdoor sports in the Yangtze River Delta region. The Project lays out a canvas of choreography of wetlands, pastoral fields, and habitats, topped with an integration of the campus operation system and carbon-neutral architectural technology.
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campus plan
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Program layout
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Circulation
Greenery
Height control points
Fire protection
Height scheme
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Teaching Buildings Each teaching building is rationalized around the atrium – two L-shaped volumes that enclose the atrium, the thick L volume hosting the laboratory program, and the thin one hosting offices and meeting spaces.
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Ground floor plan
2nd floor plan
Ground floor plan
Arranged according to an 8.4 * 9-meter grid, the repetition and subdivision of this module generate its layouts. Accordingly, the façade is composed of shading and ventilation components, presenting the building as a frugal and humble hightech cube.
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Teaching building A
3rd floor plan
2nd floor plan
Teaching building B
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Ground floor plan
2nd floor plan
3rd floor plan
4th floor plan
Teaching building C
Ground floor plan
2nd floor plan
3rd floor plan
4th floor plan
Teaching building D
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Teaching building A
Teaching building B
Teaching building C
Teaching building D
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Dormitory The layout is determined by the size of each unit’s rigorous sizes. The ground level is elevated for bike parking and community public space. The solar panel façade, roof garden, and rainwater collection system together neutralize the operational carbon emission.
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Standard floor plan Other than dormitory units, the floor plan is implanted with shared space for the floor residents.
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Campus Condenser
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An hyperboloid extrusion is a place of shared and mutualized exchanges between various campus users: students, researchers, teachers, and local employees. The building establishes an architectural symbol, which prefigures the active and urban futures of the campus.
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Ground floor plan
3rd floor plan
2nd floor plan
4th floor plan
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Beijing Changping IT Park
Role: architecture designer, participation in all chapters and phases. Leading designer of office and residential buildings. 50
A conceptual scheme for a collective industrial plot in Beijing’s gentrifying suburban – we see it as a tabula rasa manifest against the enclosed, homogenous Beijing office typology, with a fully shared and heterogenous urban campus.
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Campus planning The fraction strategy for the site is based on extensive research on precedents of Beijing’s enclosed office campus spatial patterns. With iterative testing of the massing, a S, M, L volume layout strategy is devised.
volume
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program
urban image
circulation
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Campus planning The largest volume occupies the western plots of the site, overseeing the high-speed rail line, functions as the urban landmark. The medium volumes on the east are the exact scale of the required functional masses of the Industrial Technology Research Institute; in the central area of the site along the waterfront, small volumes are distributed hosting the startups and versatile public programs.
view
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program
energy-efficiency
greenery
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The Joined Twins – Tsinghua Industrial R&D Institute
The twin masses are joined through an elevated vestibule as sharing space. It’s strategically placed on the second floor as we deemed that, both volumetrically and programmatically, it provides the proper amount of communication between the two departments.
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elevation
section
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axonometric drawing
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ground floor plan
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2nd floor plan
3rd floor plan
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Bio² Headquarters
The design of the Bio² Headquarters strives to amplify the urban image with a rather strict system initiated by the column grid.
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elevation
section
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axonometric drawing
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ground floor plan
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2nd floor plan
3rd floor plan
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Residential cluster
While the two corporate entities dominate the modular system and materiality of campus. The apartment sector serves as a variation – a manifest of the residential module (Mainland China)
section
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4th floor plan
3rd floor plan
2nd floor plan
ground floor plan
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Recombinant Fengdu Waterfront 72 Role: Coordinator, planner, architecture and urban designer, participation in all chapters and phases.
As one of the seventy-two blessed places of Taoism, Fengdu city strives to manifest the natural concept of Taoism through the construction of “two rivers and three roads”.
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巴子别都，有凤来仪；青绿山水，龙行其间；温厚福泽，至善至美。作为道家七十二福地之一的丰都将通过“两江三道” 的建设，充分诠释这种自然的道法理念。 今天的丰都，由于城市的发展需求，面临着滨水空间缺乏连续性、城江空间缺乏连通性、公共空间质量有待提升、 城市界面亟待修复更新、城市风貌特征不鲜明、生态本底仍具有提升空间等六大问题。 我们遵从丰都美好的生活面貌、优质的生态本底和传统的文化记忆，提炼转译为生活之道—凤道、自然之道 - 龙道 和人文之道 - 福道 ；使未来的丰都与自然相遇，获得最亲切的绿色生活场景，最系统的生态修复体验、最优美的自 然文化风景。营造长江大保护生态涵养背景下，”小而精”的旅游名片支撑的精致服务城市。 道在人为是为表，道法自然是为里，表里相依，说古道今，我们据此规划策略 ： “两江三道，与自然相遇，三区六段，感丰都魅力“ 74
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Museums -1
Museums -2
Urban bridges
Museums -3
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Waterfront promenade Urban plaza renovation
Waterfront promenade
Piers
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FRUGAL PALAZZO Individual Work
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This project attempts to revive palazzo as a possible collective housing type, a Frugal Palazzo that carefully demarcates the fine line between a productive SOHO typology and overly dense slum. Located in the Denny’s Triangle at Seattle, the building also negotiates closely to its unique city grid and topographical pattern, redefining preconceived internal organizations of domestic life and establishing a more dynamic relation with the ground. The domestic units bring the exterior condition of the landscape – its sloping topography, right in the middle at the center of domestic life with a aet of slightly rotated floor planes that replicate precisely the site’s surface curvature. 81
SITE
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The is the ‘Denny’s Triangle’ at Seattle, the contemporary Eldorado of the United States. The success of the high-tech companies, created a new exodus from the country(side) to the newly reformed city. The preliminary goal is to become a building stone of the city. Preserving the geological value of connected yet separated from city is a point to start with.
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NE VIEW
NW VIEW
SW VIEW
SE VIEW
Other than the oblique ground of each living units, on the horizontal floor of the office area, the influence of the double curved site surface is signaled through a network of light-weight pseudo-structure, extending the normal of the site surface from where the
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perfectly perpendicular columns grow. The angular separation then turns into partitional walls and bookshelf, also served as decoration element of the palazzo.
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1st floor plan
2nd floor plan
3rd floor plan
4th floor plan
5th floor plan
6th floor plan
7th floor plan
8th floor plan
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Lobby view
8th floor view
5th floor view
Lobby view 3rd floor view
4th floor view
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THE BIRD-FOOT DELTA AND THE SPECULATIVE CITY
A future without action
GSAPP Architecture and Urban Design Studio III with High Pass Instructor: Kate Orff Collaborators: Kai Zhang, Yuqi Tian, Wanjing Zhang Role: Programming the geological process with Grasshopper, Animating the process with PhotoShop, and training the city generative data The Bird’s Foot Delta at Lower Louisana State is disappearing and might be fully under the water within the next 50 years because of sea level rise. However, people are still spending hundreds of millions of dollars dumping rocks into the sea each year just in order to maintain the navigation channel. A new course is envisioned for the river that maintains the navigation function with the most direct route and also rebuilds the biodiversity and sedimentation balance for natural species and human settlements.
A future with action
Four simultaneous operations have been devised that span over the next century. During the course of this plan, the southern passes will be freed up by mud engines to gradually guide sediments and nourishment upstream, driven by natural forces including wind, waves, and tides. Finally, there will be introduced wildlife sanctuary living on the aggregated territory. Proposal intends for both wildlife to survive and humans to monitor, research, and facilitate. The habitats will allow human and wildlife coexistence, which will also facilitate the balance of the local economy.
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LARGE SCALE AXON 100
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A CENTURIAL PLAN City Plan Training Model
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The model demonstrates the entire strategic retreat process. After the new channel is dredged, the cuts on the South West Pass kick-starts the choreography. The ever-changing hydrological, geological and saline conditions of the entire Delta area provides the preconditions for the flora and fauna on a new wildlife habitat. The initial silt aggregation locations will be determined by juxtaposing the existing wetlands and identifying several locations where the reinforcements are most needed starting along the periphery of the shoreline and barrier islands and grows towards the existing wetland and the center of the bay. During the course of this centurial plan, mud and nourishment would be deposited behind those land building accelerators by the natural forces including wind, waves, and tides. On top of that, with our facilitation and further collaboration with research institutions, the mud fingers would be maneuvered towards more designated and favorable directions. The land choreography connects the existing dotted and vulnerable marshes, mesh them into larger pieces of land, and functions more resiliently together against erosion.
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HUDSON NET-ZERO BUIDLING LAB GSAPP Architecture and Urban Design Studio Instructor: Kaja Kuju Collaborators: Yunpeng Wu, Yuhui Si, Rui Zhang Role: Chief presenter, Research, and Design
Buildings are the largest end-users of energy, producing nearly 40 percent of U.S. carbon emissions. The vast majority of these buildings in the US and especially in the American Northeast are more than 50 years old. To achieve zero carbon emissions and avoid climate catastrophe we must scale up the process of retrofitting existing buildings to reduce operational as well as embodied emissions -the emissions associated with building materials and processes. The Hudson Green Building Lab aims to develop a new economy for green construction techniques and materials in Hudson to start this movement of retrofitting millions of buildings cost-effectively, develop new skills and businesses and create well-paying jobs for residents in the Hudson Valley. Hudson, NY is a small city with a large historic building stock. Similar to many small towns in the Hudson Valley it lost its manufacturing base and many well-paying jobs with it. . By reframing underutilized industrial sites at the southern edge of the city as a green manufacturing campus, we transform Hudson into a lab for developing, experimenting and producing carbon-efficient building material. Green Building Lab will source local material, train a local workforce in green construction knowledge, and become a hub for retrofitting existing housing. An existing dock at the waterfront, currently used for construction material will serve to bring additional materials and products to the site. At the heart of the campus is Basilica Hudson, a historic warehouse turned event venue, currently undergoing a net-zero retrofit. Behind it, a large existing warehouse structure will be used to house production and storage spaces, exhibition and training areas.
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Part of the site will be used for constructing new affordable
The strategy for reframing the underutilized warehouse in the
housing to serve as demonstration of new materials and house
city is to transform it into a multi-functional lab for developing,
workers. On the campus you can see workers walking alongside
experimenting and producing carbon-efficient building material.
visitors and residents, solar panels installations, experiments with
The industrial program is not permanent but transient, when the
hemps and straw insulation mix with art events, but its impact
whole town is retrofitted, it could be disassembled and moved to
goes far beyond the physical campus by expanding its reach to
other towns.
existing buildings and spaces all over Hudson and the region. By virtue of Basilica Hudson’s years of successful operation and positive influence over the local and surrounding communities, it grants us the opportunity for hosting an proposed annual event the Festival of Design - a Convention of construction workers, designers, local artists, residents, visitors from other counties and the city.
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HUDSON VALLEY AND BEYOND
To scale up to 3 million buildings a year, investments in clusters of knowledge, workforce training and material sourcing will have to be built in many places. The Hudson Valley Green Building Lab can serve as a pilot and base for retrofitting the 7,343,234 housing units in the Hudson Valley and surrounding counties. At an average of 50 tons (insert amount of CO2 saved per house) CO2 reductions per unit, promoting this industry helps to reach net-zero emissions while creating family-sustaining jobs.
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BROOKLYN GIS PROJECT CORRELATION BETWEEN GREENERY ACCESSIBILITY AND ASTHMA RATE
GSAPP Geographic Information System Course Instructor: Leah Meisterlin
Urban green spaces have long been considered as the promoter of
per 10,000 residents
public health for its inherent absorption and purgation ability to the urban environment. However, the seasonal pollen generated by these ‘innocent city lungs’ could also catalyze surges of respiratory diseases. Previous studies had suggested that better greenery coverage was associated with greater reductions in asthma hospitalization when pollutant levels were high. Nevertheless, no significant correlation was found when pollutant concentrations were low. With Brooklyn serving as our testing ground, all those as mentioned above somehow contradictory findings had led us to identify a direct relationship between those factors at play, which could greatly elevate the condition of those high Asthma communities. Does good greenery accessibility benefit or exacerbate Asthma incidence? Other than that, what are the pressing needs of those high Asthma communities? With the administrative power of the Department of Health, the Department of Park & Recreation, and the community boards’ outreach, we believe this report will serve as a departure point to address the pressing needs of those suffering communities and patients
Greenery Accessibility by NTA
in Brooklyn. The research has initially unveiled the spatial relationship between asthma and greenery accessibility, while its limitation also suggests significant potential for further study. It is essential for those related planners and decision-makers to seize the essence of the underlying relationship between the physical environment and asthma rate incidence. The distribution of street tree and seasonal pollens as potential allergens shall be integrated into further spatial analysis.
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The application of Network Analysis model assumes that all the users travel to the parks on foot, at a speed of 264 feet/min. All the streets are even, without particular barriers for pedestrians. All the users are well informed and would take the best route to get to the nearest park entrance. When elevation is joined to the street network, it is assumed that
2640 ft Distance
inside each line segment, the slope of topographic surface does not
1320 ft Distance
variate. The use of OLS regression suggests that the sum of the squares of the
660 ft Distance
Hierarchical Service Areas of Green Spaces, Brooklyn
differences between the observed dependent variable is minimal. Based on the criteria established above, the hierarchical service area clusters have been assigned to the park entrances clusters accordingly. The accessible distances are 660 feet as a 2-minute walking distance for the smallest park cluster, 1320 feet as a 5-minute walking distance for the medium park cluster, and 2640 feet as a 10-minute walking distance for the largest park cluster. Since the accessibility clusters are rendered as polygons, their area could be calculated. By dividing the sum of all the polygon area within one NTA unit with the corresponding NTA area, the resulting percentage value could represent the greenery accessibility. At this point, all the critical spatial metrics have been determined. Service Area at NTA level NTA boundary
Total Greenery Service area, Brooklyn
0 0.0002 - 0.016 0.0161 - 0.123 0.124 - 0.185 0.186 - 0.277 0.278 - 0.406 0.407 - 0.465 0.466 - 0.535 0.536 - 0.708 0.709 - 0.838 0.839 - 1
Greenery Accessibility by NTA, Brooklyn
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Arthur S. Somers Park
Prospect Park
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STEP-BY-STEP METHODOLOGY
1. Dataset Preparation 1.1 Clip data to the study area Select the Brooklyn boundary feature class from Borough Boundaries and export a new layer. Use the Brooklyn layer as clip features in the “Clip” tool to cut the layers of Lion Streets, NTA boundaries and Parks. 1.2 Join Asthma Data to the NTA Boundaries Choose the “Join attributes from a table” option, and add asthma data in csv form to the NTA boundaries based on the NTA name field. Export the data as a new layer “NTA_Brooklyn”. 1.3 Filter the parks Park features with an area less than 0.1acres are believed to have minimal impact on asthma and deleted from the Park Properties layer through “Select by Attributes”. Park features labeled as “Strip”, “Mall”, “Playground” and “Jointly Operated Playground” in the “typecatego” field are excluded in the same way, since they do not act as the defined green spaces. Export data to a new shapefile named “Park_ Brooklyn_Selected”. 1.4 Generate Park Entrances Intersect the periphery polylines with the inner road of parks to create a new point layer, as part of the park entrances. For those parks that do not generate intersecting points, if the park is notably large, add the entrance points manually according to investigation; otherwise, use the centroid point of each polygon as its entrance, through the “Feature to Points” tool. 1.5 Reclassify the Parks Use the Geometrical Interval Classification method to classify the features from the “Park_Brooklyn_Selected” layer into three categories based on their areas. The breaking points are 1.5 acres and 35 acres. Three classes of parks are then separated in preparation for Network Analysis. 1.6 Add Elevations to the Pedestrian Streets Feature Use the “Select by attribute” tool to extract all the pedestrian roads in Brooklyn. Use the “Feature Vertices to Points” tool to get all the start and end points of the pedestrian streets. Use the “Extract Value to Points” tool to extract an elevation from a point on the DEM surface to its corresponding start or end point on the streets. The elevation value of these points are joined to the street feature class based on location. Use the equation Hypotenuse = Sqr ( [Shape_Length] ^ 2 + ( [Start] - [End] ) ^ 2 ) to calculate the length of the hypotenuse of each street segment; add as a new field in the attribute table of pedestrian streets. The hypotenuse is closer to the actual walking distance with elevation. Therefore, when we created the network analysis dataset and set the evaluators, we could use this hypotenuse field to replace the original length field. Then, the slope impedance was simulated. 2. Network Analysis
2.2 Setup: Name the New feature Dataset and select the appropriate coordinate system (NAD 1983 StatePlane New York Long Island FIPS 3104 (US Feet)), and leave the Z axis coordinate system and the tolerance values as is. 2.3 Import the processed Pedestrian Streets as a Single Feature Class to the new Feature Dataset. 2.4 Right Click through the Feature Dataset and create a new Network Dataset, wait for the New Network Dataset wizard to launch. 2.5 Network Analysis Settings: Maintain the default value of the version for our network dataset. Specify the participant network as the processed pedestrian streets. Model the turn of the Network. Leave the connectivity as the default settings. Leave the “model the elevation of the network features” as none. Replace the original length feature with our processed hypotenuse length feature. Leave the other options related to travel mode as blank or none. Thus, the network analysis model is created. 2.6 Triplicate the same network analysis settings and create three Network Analysis models. Use the “Make Service Area” ArcTool, make three service area features with different break values of 660, 1320, 2640 for each model. 2.7 Use the “Add Location” ArcTool to assign the park entrances points to the Network Analysis Model accordingly. 2.8 Click “Solve” for each model and export the result as new layers.
3. Greenery Accessibility Processing 3.1 Merge the Greenery Service Area Copy the selected park polygons in the “Park_Brooklyn_Selected” layer and paste into the “Service Area” layer. Use the “Union” tool to merge all three types of greenery service areas and the park polygons. Extract the merged polygon as a new layer and name it as “Service Area_Union”. 3.2 Clip the Service Area Clip the polygon in the “Service Area_Union” by NTA boundaries. In this way, the service areas are clipped into smaller polygons in each NTA unit. Save it as a new layer called “Service Area_NTA”. 3.3 Calculate Accessibility Ratio
2.1 Navigate to the personal geodatabase and create a new Feature Dataset.
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PUBLICATIONS & STUDIES Digital Publication on Columbia GSAPP Platform
U.S. Housing System Research reposted by Columbia GSAPP Housing Lab
GSAPP Architecture and Urban Design Electives Collaborators: Anirudh Venkat, Chinedu Adiele, Dhania Yasmin, Hyuein Song, Lonas Chiu, Nupur Roy, Rui Zhang, Yifei Luo, Yong Zhuang, Yunpeng Wu
GSAPP Architecture and Urban Design Studio Collaborators: Zuzanna Jarzynska, Thanawat Phituksithkasem, Chen Liu
https://linktr.ee/columbiagsapp REDLINING FAIR HOUSING ACT 2007 SUBPRIME CRISIS 1934
1968 1968
2021
...
Redlining maps pinpointed the “detrimental communities ”, which made it for the BIPOC communities living there difficult, if not impossible to buy or finance housing. Public services and infrastructure were not adequately supplied, crime rates increased and the property values plummeted. Still today it is considerably harder for a Black person to get a mortgage. Even if they do, they are bearing triple the risk if they are unable to pay back the loan during the financial downturn.
THE US REAL ESTATE BUBBLE, which burst in 2008, caused a nationwide recession.
Individual property investments shape the economic landscape of the whole nation.
THE BUBBLE BURSTS.
MBS PLUMMET PROPERTY VALUES DECREASE RAPIDLY
ADDITIONAL STOCK ON MARKET
8.7mln
SUBPRIME MORTGAGES OFFERED TO ALL APPLICANTS
RESTRICTED COMMUNITY
STOCK MARKETS PLUMMET
people lost their jobs
10mln
BORROWERS DEFAULT INVESTORS PILE UP MORTGAGES [MBS]
PRIVATE AND PUBLIC INVESTOR CRISIS
people lost their properties
PROPERTY VALUES SKYROCKET
“Detrimental Influences”
30%
NYS 2020 median income:
10%
$71,855
median selling price:
$690,000
In a ‘fair’ market, the median property value in any given area should be no greater than 3 times the median household income.
THE HIDDEN COSTS
Over 98% of single family houses built in Northeastern US in 2019 are wooden framed.
Not only mortgage - living in the suburbia is connected to many additional costs, which are often disregarded by home buyers expecting slower and cheaper way of living in the suburbia
Vinyl panels are used as siding in 74% of houses in this area.
ELECTRICITY USAG
E
Anual Energy Cost
Space Heating
$2,354
(in comparison to 25% of the whole US)
Water Heating
$1,141 $847
THE ‘TRADITIONAL’ HOUSE
$592 Air Conditioning
Energy Cost / Member
Energy Cost / Household Single Family Housing
Refrigerators
Apartment
Source: MicaelsEnergy
12
Single Family Housing
150t - 2t 729,906
90t
Users
67t 21t
External siding External sheathing Internal sheathing Insulation Framing Foundation
0.35
0.40
0.45
Source: MicaelsEnergy
tation in
Means of Transpor Hudson Valley
a car Total cost of owning / month could go up to $1000 83,795 40,587
7,129
39,981
150t 150t
PRESSURE ON THE ECOSYSTEM
Lawn Yard
were 63,000 square miles of turf grass in the United States, covering an area larger than Georgia. Keeping all that grass alive can consume about 50-75 percent of a residence’s water.
2.96
CO2
Change Water runoff Waste Pollution
TOP Harvest state in 2001-2019
KINGSTON
CALIFORNIA From 2001 to 2019, California lost 1.87Mha of tree cover
TEXAS From 2001 to 2019, Texas lost 1.84Mha of tree cover 15% US Housing Markets 20% Nonstructural Panel
77% Rest of World
US Lumber Consumption as a % of world Total
POUGHKEEPSIE
From 2001 to 2019, From 2001 to 2019, Alabama lost 2.93Mha Georgia lost 3.19Mha of tree of tree cover cover
ALABAMA
GEORGIA
NEWBURGH
WHO WHO CAN CAN AFFORD AFFORD IT? IT? ItItisismostly can afford living outside ofof downtown allowing them mostlyWhite Whiteand andwealthier wealthierhouseholds householdsthat that can afford living outside downtown allowing them totopass ofof color were marginalized. InIn thethe meantime, passononthe theaccumulated accumulatedwealth, wealth,while whilecommunities communities color were marginalized. meantime, average areas areare increasing… averagehousehold householdsize sizeis isdecreasing, decreasing,whereas whereashousing housing areas increasing…
48% Sturctural Panel ConsumSingle Family Starts
sq ft per single-family unit
Panels(SF per sq ft)
R10 = 10,000 SQF.
R10 = 40,000 SQF.
R10 = 60,000 SQF.
Minimum Lot Size Prescribed
Rate of home ownership in US in 2019 by race (Statista.com)
32% Total Single Family
Wood Consumption for Single Family House
Density Regulation
2.52
73.3% 64.6% 57.7% 50.8% 47.5% 42.1% 42.1%
2019 Forest Area
Timber Harvest Area
Natural resources Reduce
2.64
HUDSON
WHITE
Ecosystem Pressure
Ulster Town’s Single Family Housing Minimum Lot Sizes
CATSKILL
2019 Lawn Area
Deforestation
“It is illegal on 75 percent of the residential land in many American cities to build anything other than a detached single-family home.” (New York Times). Therefore, government’s regulation is the biggest contribution to the urban sprawl.
Parking Requirement
Setback Requirement
15% Decrease
Median Household Income 3,393 - 46,652 46,652 - 73,777 73,777 - 107,045 107,045 - 158,750 158,750 - 250,000
Alaska From 2001 to 2019, Alaska lost 5.47Mha of tree cover
Enforcing the Wasteful Landscape Limit use and bulk of buildings
2,498 ft2
BLACK
LAND
Energy Loss
2,185 ft2
HISPANIC
Over 15% global timber consumption is used in US real estate market.
NEED WOOD
1,767 ft2
Detached Single Family Housing Other Types of Housing Estate
ASIAN
a total of 60.5Mha humid primary forest lost globally.
ZONING.
2019
NATIVE AMERICAN
extinct.
1990s
41% Increase Single family house comes with a large private lawn. Grass is the single largest irrigated agricultural “crop” in America, more than corn, wheat, and fruit orchards combined. A NASA-led study in 2005 found that there
US TOTAL
From 2002 to 2019, United States lost 1.35kha of humid primary forest and 40.3Mha of tree cover. At the same time there was
1970s
Single Family House Development
US Northeast and Midwest regions have lost 96% of Primeval forest to timber production. In XVIII century, New York State had 5000-150000acres of cedar forest, which now is almost
8% US Other
Apartment
0.50
0.5
0.30
0.0
0.10
0.15
0.20
Million BTU / Household
,000
,000 10
118
0.25
Other ,000
14
KINGSTON TOWN
ULSTER TOWN Apartment Typical NYC R5 = 1,700 sqf Minimum Lot size
“Single-family zoning means that everything else is banned”
Scott Wiener, California State Senator
KINGSTON CITY
3,478,118 or
41.39% of
Other Types of Housing Detached Single Family Housing
New York’s State Houses is zoned as single family housing
Kingston’s Single Family Housing Minimum Lot Sizes
R-1 = 5,000 sqf
RR = 7,500 sqf
RRR = 12,500 sqf
MSF per single-family unit
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Parametric Installation Tsinghua University, Academy of Art adn Design Instructor: Yichen Lu
Oil Painting Works Individual Work
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121
XIAOFEI SUN EDUCATION
xs2342@columbia.edu
2018 - 2021
Columbia University, Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation
2014 - 2018
Tsinghua University, Academy of Art and Design Tsinghua University, Department of Economy and Management, Minor Degree in Business Administration
2017
Architecture Association Shanghai Visiting School Scholar
2011 - 2014
HONOR & EXHIBITION
基本信息
Master of Science in Architecture and Urban Design Bachelor of Arts in Environment Design
2016 - 2018
孙 笑飞
+86 18515957612
Tsinghua High School High Pass in the Columbia’s Architecture and Urban Design Studio III High Pass in Professor David Shane’s Recombinant Urbanism Seminar High Pass in Columbia Urbanism Documentary Course Reading New York Urbanism Invited Speaker(representing the Mainland Chinese students) of the Columbia GSAPP MSAUD Program on school’s Open Day
Architecture and Urban Design Studio I Project is archived to the GSAPP online student work archive and
2018 - 2021 2014 - 2018 2016 - 2018 2017 2011 - 2014 2008 - 2011
2022.1- 至今 2019.10 - 2019.12 2019.7 - 2019.8 2017.1 - 2017.2 2014 .9 - 2016. 9
工作期间项目
Architecture rendering work is reposted by celebrated architect Valerio Olgiati to his personal Instagram account with 2k+ likes including Bjarke Ingels. Research on the U.S. Housing System is reposted by Columbia GSAPP Housing Lab Lead a 10-people team through the 2017 Beijing 798 Material Festival under the advisory of Yang Dongjiang, the
WORK EXPERIENCE Architect, Beijing Institute of Architectural Design Part-time Architect, Kengo Kuma and Associates
2019.7 - 2019.8
Planning and research Intern, China Resources Land Limited.
2017.1 - 2017.2
Architecture Intern, Pei Zhu Studio
2014 .9 - 2016. 9
PROJECTS
Community Art Tutor Imperial Kiln Museum, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province Yang Liping Art Museum, Dali, Yunnan Province Beijing Office Buildings Research Beijing Luxury Apartment Design
SKILLS 3D Modeling Image & Video
122
PhotoShop, Illustrator, InDesign, Premiere, AutoCAD, Encoder Vray, Keyshot
Animation
Grasshopper, PhotoShop,Premiere, After Effect
Fabrication
CNC fabrication, 3D Printing, Robotic Arm (Kuka), Plastic Modeling
Office Language
社区美术培训教师 重庆市丰都县城市规划设计 上海交大碳中和崇明岛园区规划设计 北京写字楼市场调研 北京四合院区豪宅设计 北京老旧小区改造设计 江西景德镇御窑博物馆
Proficiency in Rhinoceros and Grasshopper, Sketch Up
Rendering
Analysis
北京市建筑设计研究院 建筑师 隈研吾建筑事务所 兼职建筑师 华润集团 房地产部前期策划实习生 朱锫建筑设计咨询公司 建筑实习生
哥伦比亚大学第三学期建筑与城市设计课程高分通过 哥伦比亚大学 David Shane 城市理论讨论课城高分通过 哥伦比亚大学城市记录片课程《阅读纽约城市主义》高分通过 代表哥伦比亚大学建筑与城市设计项目中国大陆学生（3/43）与开放日与新生座谈 哥伦比亚第二学期建筑与城市设计课程 < 碳中和建筑系统 > 入围 55 个 2021 美国新基 建法案在地创新设计提案 , 参与 2022 年 4 月美国绿色峰会论坛，于 2021 年 12 月参 加美国劳伦斯勒理工学院展览。 哥伦比亚大学第一学期建筑与城市设计项目入选学院留校作品，并由学院官方宣传账 号转载 https://www.arch.columbia.edu/student-work 个人建筑作图由瑞士建筑大师及哈佛大学设计研究生院丹下健三荣誉教授 Valerio Olgiati 转发 合著《美国房地产公平性研究》研究成果由哥伦比亚大学建筑学院以电子书形式出版， 并由学校宣传账号与哥伦比亚法学住房研究中心转载 领导 10 人小组优秀通过 2017 年度北京 798 材料节展览课程 共同组织 10 人小组最高分通过清华大学美术学院《参数化设计》课程
taught by Lu Yichan, the principle of Studio Link-Arc
2022.1 - now
哥伦比亚大学建筑，规划与历史保护研究生学院 建筑与城市设计理学硕士 清华大学美术学院 环境设计学士 清华大学经济与管理学院 工商管理辅修学历 伦敦 AA 建筑联盟 上海访校学者 清华大学附属中学高中部 清华大学附属中学初中部
荣誉、著作与参展
Co-lead a 12-people team through the Parametric Design Course at Tsinghua University with highest grade
2019.10 - 2019.12
男 户籍北京
工作经历
reposted by the GSAPP official Instagram account Link: https://www.arch.columbia.edu/student-work
assistant dean of Tsinghua Art Museum
+86 18515957612
教育经历
Architecture and urban design project Net-Zero Architecture in Hudson City were selected as part of 55 curated projects for the Green New Deal Super studio in the U.S.
xs2342@columbia.edu
ArcGIS, Kangaroo, Ladybug, Space Syntax Microsoft Suite: Word, Excel, PowerPoint，Google Suite: Slides, Document, Sheets Academic level in English Writing, Reading and Communication Native in Chinese
工作技能 办公 语言 3D 建模 图像与视频 地理及城市分析
微软办公套装 学术中 / 英文写作，阅读，口语交流 Rhinoceros and Grasshopper 高阶 , Sketch Up PhotoShop, Illustrator, InDesign, Premiere, AutoCAD, Encoder Grasshopper, PhotoShop, Premiere, After Effect ArcGIS, Kangaroo, Ladybug, 空间句法
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