Coping Skills for When We Experience: Fight, Flight, or Free

COPING SKILLS FOR WHEN WE EXPERIENCE

FIGHT, FLIGHT OR FREEZE

BY KELLY BOPRIE, LMSW

We are living in a time where things have changed, and have changed rather quickly. Our WAFs (worries, anxieties and fears) seem to be much more present, and many of us are experiencing worries and fears that we haven’t ever expected to be presented with. Perhaps, in this very moment, your brain may be trying to “ gure out” what is going on.

Bare with me for a moment as we go down a road of a brief introduction to neuroscience …

Our neocortex, or prefrontal cortex, is a part of our brain that likes and needs accurate information. Without it, we experience uncertainty…uncertainty of what is to come, what the future may hold, and uncertainty of how long our “normal” life may be disrupted. When the prefrontal cortex or ‘thinking” part of our brain can’t seem to make sense of what is, when it can’t problem solve for the future, the body will o en respond with panic, where we then start to move into the “alarm” portion of our brain, called the amygdala.

Our amygdala is the part of our brain that is scanning for a threat, and will o en interpret a perceived threat as a real threat, which can throw our bodies into a ght, ight, freeze response, activating our sympathetic nervous system. e amygdala can override our cortex or “thinking brain” which is why it can seem like we can’t think our way out of our WAFs.

Fight, ight or freeze may look like:

Di culty breathing An increase in heart palpitations Shortness of breath Muscle tension Feeling hot or ush Headaches Nauseous Experiencing diarrhea Tingling in our ngers or toes Tunnel vision

We can recognize these as symptoms of our body being stuck in the sympathetic nervous system, i.e., in a state of panic, ght, ight or freeze. We need to practice coping skills that can calm our body and mind down, so that we can get back to our thinking brain.

Some of the most e ective coping skills to use when in a state of panic or when we notice physical symptoms of anxiety in our body include:

Deep breathing or belly breathing. We can lie down on our oor, sit in our chair, stand straight, and practice this skill anywhere. We want to take deep breaths where our belly actually expands instead of our chest. We can make it fun and practice this with our kids, too!

Grounding exercises. In these exercises, we focus on what is going on in our body or in our immediate environment instead of getting stuck in the downward spiral of our thoughts.

My favorite grounding exercise is called 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 where we use all 5 of our senses to ground. For example, I will name:

5 THINGS I SEE in my environment around me (my desk chair, bookcase, glass of water, stapler, computer screen)

4 THINGS I FEEL (my hair, my back pushing rmly into my chair, my feet planted on the ground, the couch I am sitting on)

3 THINGS I HEAR (my kids in the background, my ngers typing away at my computer keys, and the sound machine in my o ce)

We need to practice coping skills that can calm our body and mind down, so that we can get back to our thinking brain.

2 THINGS I SMELL (my lemon candle, the soap I washed my hands with)

1 THING I TASTE (peppermint in my mouth). If you don’t have access to taste you can, say 1 calming mantra such as “Just breathe” or “No feeling is nal.”

Guided imagery or guided meditation. We can use our ve senses again to describe a place that represents still, calm, peace. We can describe what we see, hear, feel, smell, and taste. We can imagine ourselves by the beach or in a forest, I even have one client who describes himself in space.

Self soothe through temperature. Take a hot shower or hot bath, hold ice brie y in your hand, or use a heating pad.

Practice R.A.I.N. One of my favorites that we can also practice comes from Judson Brewer, a psychologist who is considered an expert in the eld of anxiety. O en times, we try to run or escape our anxious thoughts, and he argues against this. We can use this skill once we have calmed our body down using skills above. e skill is called RAIN and it includes:

• Recognize/Relax: Recognize what is arising inside of us (muscle tension, “what-if” thoughts).

• Accept/Allow: Give what is arising inside of us space to be there instead of running or distracting from it. is is your experience. Allow it to be present. • Investigate: What does my body feel like right now? What thoughts may I be experiencing? What is happening in my mind? What am I feeling?

• Note/Not attach: Note the experience; acknowledge that “I am having these thoughts or these feelings, but I am not my thoughts and feelings. ey are transient and can come and go.”

I hope these skills can help in this time. Make space in your day to day habits and routines to check in with your body and mind. Stand up from your desk and do a 30 second grounding exercise, practice belly breathing with your kids, take a moment to notice if there are any areas in your body that are tense and try to relax them.

Remember, our thoughts are transient, they come and go, we do not have to believe everything we think. Be kind in your thoughts, recognize when your thinking brain is starting to “shut down” and show some compassion and kindness to yourself by practicing some of the above exercises.

Kelly Boprie, LMSW, is a clinician at the Pine Rest Southwest Clinic and is available through teletherapy during the current stay at home order.

She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and Sociology from Calvin College in 2005 and her Masters in Social Work from Grand Valley State University in 2009. Kelly aims to create a safe, supportive, empathic and validating environment for the clients that she sees. She utilizes cognitive behavioral therapy, trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy,

Make space in your day to day habits and routines to check in with your body and mind.