Caribbean American Weekly - Issue 106 by IQ INC.

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ISSUE 106 VOLUME 19

Sept 03, 2020

SERVING THE CARIBBEAN AND HISPANIC COMMUNITIES! VOTE ON NOV 3 LIKE YOUR LIFE DEPENDS ON IT!

When Police Stop Black Men, the Effects Reach Into Their Homes and Families BY DEADRIC T. WILLIAMS & ARMON PERRY, THE CONVERSATION

How Biden Will Lead ....30

hile much of the world was sheltering in place in the fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic, many Americans’ undivided attention was focused squarely on Minneapolis, Minnesota, where George Floyd was killed at the hands – and knees – of the police. continued on page 7

Editorial credit: Stephanie Kenner / Shutterstock.com

Five Signs That Your Marriage May Be Over .... 25

Wakanda Forever: RIP, King Chadwick Boseman BY VICTORIA FALK, SPECIAL TO CAW

hadwick Boseman, also known as Chad, began his career in New York in 2003. He taught drama to youth in the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem, New York. In 2003, Boseman landed a role on a daytime soap opera. However, he was fired after he voiced concerns about racial stereotypes in the script. A few years later, Boseman moved to continued on page 28

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Remittance Inflows Helping Jamaica’s Falling Dollar...12

Devaluing TT Dollar: Not the Best Option ....2

Brian Figeroux, Esq., Member, American Immigration Lawyers Association The Impact of Women In Leadership Roles...29

57 Years Later, We Continue to Dream ....6

We Remember: The 9/11 Attacks –19 Years Later ....4

Haitian Ibi Zoboi Latest Novel: Punching the Air ....24

8-PAGE SPECIAL ....15-22

CARIBBEAN ROUNDUP Caribbean Consulates Anguilla 845 Third Avenue New York, N.Y. 10022 Tel: 212-745-0200 Antigua & Barbuda 305 East 47th Street, Suite 6A New York, N.Y. 10020 Tel: 212-541-4117 The Bahamas 231 East 46th Street New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-421-6420 Barbados 820 Second Avenue, 5th Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-551-4325 Belize 675 Third Avenue, Suite 1911 New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-593-0999 Dominica 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400H New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-949-0853 Dominican Republic 1500 Broadway, Suite 410 New York, N.Y. 10036 Tel: 212-599-8478 Grenada 685 Third Avenue, Suite 1101 New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-599-0301 Guyana 308 West 38th Street New York, N.Y. 10018 Tel: 212-947-5119 Haiti 815 Second Avenue,6th Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-697-9767 Jamaica 767 Third Avenue, 2nd Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-935-9000 Martinique 444 Madison Avenue, 16th Floor New York, N.Y. 10022 Tel: 212-838-6887 Montserrat 845 Third Avenue New York, N.Y. 10022 Tel: 212-745-0200 Panama 1212 Avenue of the Americas, 20th Floor New York, N.Y. 10036 Tel: 212-840-2450 St. Kitts & Nevis 414 East 75th Street, 5th Floor New York, N.Y. 10021 Tel: 212-535-5521 St. Lucia 800 Second Avenue, 9th Floor New York, N.Y. 10007 Tel: 212-697-9360 St. Maarten 675 Third Avenue, Suite 1807 New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 800-786-2278 St. Vincent & The Grenadines 801 Second Avenue, 21st Floor New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel: 212-687-4981 Trinidad & Tobago 125 Maiden Lane, 4th Floor New York, N.Y. 10038 Tel: 212-682-7272 For more Consulate information go to www.cawnyc.com/directory

Race Tension High in Guyana, Civil Unrest Possible

EORGETOWN, Guyana [August 29, 2020]: All is not well in Guyana as simmering political tension over the arrest and detention by the ruling PPP of several Guyana Electoral Commission (GECOM) officers seem to have exploded in the community of Belladrum, West Coast resulting in the deployment of heavily armed police officers to break up the protest. The residents are protesting the arrest of the Returning Officer for Region 4 Clairmont Mingo, GECOM Chief Elections Officer, Keith Lowenfield, Elections Commission Registration Officer, and a GECOM staffer Enrique Livan, all on private charges in relation to the recently held March 2 General and Regional Elections courtesy of the newly installed PPP administration. Livan was arrested as he stepped out of his car at 12:30 pm on August 27, 2020. He was taken into custody by Police Officers outside the GECOM office on Cowan Street, Georgetown. His Attorney, Mr. Eusi Anderson, said Livan was followed by motorcar PWW 5090 in the moments leading up to his arrest. A video recording of the vehicle following him as well as the arrest exists and is in the possession of the Attorney. Anderson said a person claiming to be a Police Sergeant arrested Livan, but the individual refused to identify himself and has still not done so. “After demanding to know why he was arrested Livan was told that an “Order” has been issued for his arrest. Livan was not shown the alleged order. Repeated enquiries to ascertain the reasons for his arrest eventually resulted in him being told that fraud was the reason,” Anderson said in a statement. The PPP had also earlier arrested and filed private charges against Chairman of the People’s National Congress Reform

Photo:wiredja.com

Volda Lawrence. Ms. Lawrence, who was an election agent for her A Partnership for National Unity+Alliance For Change (APNU+AFC) coalition at the March 2, 2020 general and regional elections, is charged with procuring Mr. Mingo to forge a declaration of results. Mr. Lowenfield is charged with misconduct in public office, fraud and conspiracy to commit a felony. They are both on bail. Mr. Lowenfield and Ms. Lawrence, who are on bail on separate charges, are to return to court on September 11 by which time their Defense Lawyers would be provided with elements of the cases. Sections of the Guyana media are characterizing the wave of arrests as “flat out war, and reign of terror by the ruling PPP, against African Guyanese.” It is said that Livan is the seventh AfroGuyanese GECOM employee who has been arrested. Observers have voiced concerns that the trump up charges against the Afro-Guyanese GECOM employees are being investigated by Crime Chief Wendell Blanhum, who has been linked to an employee in the office of the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP). It is said that Blanhum was previously removed from the post after a Commission of Inquiry found serious

professional and ethical lapses. However, he was reinstated immediately upon the PPP’s installation as the new government. Former Minister of Public Security, Khemraj Ramjattan, condemned the Police tactics and called on the Police Force to act professionally. A Senior Counsel today also condemned the police violation of the rights of citizens, which the lawyer compared to an “authoritarian hit squad.” The leaders said that the PPP government is inciting civil unrest with its blatantly racist campaign which targets innocent Afro-Guyanese, while new opposition leader, Joseph Harmon, speaking on a television interview in New York said that the PPP government was a serious threat to Afro-Guyanese population. In the meantime, there is concern that Senior Supreme Court Justice, Bassington Reynolds, an AfroGuyanese, who was performing the duties of Chief Justice, in the absence of Chief Justice Roxanne George, who is herself acting, was yesterday removed from the position by the PPP regime. George is currently on vacation and is reportedly out of the country.l —Calvin G Brown, wiredja.com

Economists: Devaluing TT Dollar Not the Best Option

ORT-OF-SPAIN, Trinidad & Tobago: With the T&T budget expected to be presented in a matter of weeks, three economists have argued that devaluing the TT dollar would not be in the best interest of the country. This is while economists, like Dr Roger Hosein, Marla Dukharan and some of the business chambers have long touted that a devaluation of the domestic currency in T&T would be a catalyst to transforming the country’s foreign exchange position. They have argued that a devaluing of the TT dollar would decrease import reliance thereby reducing the amount of forex demanded and increase exports as it becomes cheaper for T&T’s external trading partners to purchase. However, economist Dr Vaalmikki Arjoon, has argued that a devaluation of

PM Rowley

the TT dollar will not yield the expected results of a more competitive economy or a reduced demand for forex and could possibly exacerbate the current situation in the country. In an article, Arjoon contended, “A sudden and large devaluation could also backfire causing the fiscal deficit to worsen.”

Arjoon posited that the country’s fiscal deficit could further worsen as the state could collect less taxes if the devaluation worsens the profitability of firms. He added that the low capacity of some firms and the poor institutional quality established in the country limits some companies from benefiting from a currency devaluation. According to Arjoon, a devaluation means that manufacturers would have to pay more to import their raw materials and their machinery, which further drives up the cost of production. He added that because of delays in customs, many would have to pay overtime charges, which increases their cost of production and ultimately, these costs are passed on to the consumer.l —Kyron Regis, Guardian TT

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THOUGHTS

A Weak and Scared Trump is Dangerous for America Leading voices condemn Trump’s effort to encourage violence in desperate attempt to hold onto power

Ron Brownstein in The Atlantic: “[F]or many voters, the president’s warnings about possible chaos if Biden wins may be less compelling than the daily evidence of the chaos that is already enveloping the nation with Trump in the Oval Office.”

Managing Editor & Editor-in-Chief

Pearl Phillip

Graphic & Website Designers Praim Samsoondar Anvaar Sabirov Interns Sharif Tyler Casey Tong

Dana Milbank in the Washington Post: “In nature, an animal is most dangerous when cornered and wounded. The same is proving true in the closing months of President Trump’s term. Trump botched the coronavirus pandemic, bungled the economic recovery and flubbed the handling of civil rights demonstrations … And so the president is trying to provoke a race war on the streets of America.”

Jamelle Bouie in the New York Times: “The bully pulpit matters. Presidential rhetoric matters … A president who speaks of shooting people in the street — who elevates those who threaten to shoot people in the street — cannot be separated from the individual who does, eventually, shoot people in the street.”

Publisher I.Q. INC.

Assistant Editor Marilyn Silverman

weak, failing, threatened and scared President Trump is openly encouraging violence in a desperate attempt to scare voters and hold onto power. Leading observers are capturing the dangerous moment facing our democracy:

Greg Sargent in the Washington Post: “Trump is not the ‘law and order’ candidate. He’s the candidate of arbitrary violence, state and private alike. He is the candidate of lawlessness and civil breakdown.”

My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge. —Hosea 4:6

Legal Advisor Brian Figeroux, Esq.

BY AMERICA’S VOICE

Cornell Belcher, Democratic pollster, on Twitter: “One does get the sense that white supremacy has now been wounded & is bleeding…which makes it more dangerous than ever.”

TEAM

Contributors Jennine Estes Erin Telesford Janet Howard Mary Campbell Tarsha Gibbons Travis Morales Email info@myiqinc.com Editorial credit: doddis77 / Shutterstock.com

Masha Gesson in The New Yorker: “The Republican Party dispensed with a platform this year, and its entire agenda could be summed up on a single sheet of paper: the Party supports Trump … Trumpism is not merely the governing philosophy of another Republican Administration. It is a new system entirely … To call things what they are, the Republicans adopted a fascist aesthetic for this year’s Convention.” According to Frank Sharry, Executive Director of America’s Voice: A weak and scared President Trump is dangerous for America. As his grip on reality slips and his support erodes, Trump is failing and flailing. His epic failures on the pandemic, the economy and racial justice have backed the President and the Republican Party into a corner. Now, the President is encouraging violence. He sees chaos as an election strategy. He and his followers are defending armed vigilantes as heroes.

Let us not forget. Trump’s racial incitement, especially in the run up to the 2018 midterms, led to a Trump supporter sending pipe bombs in an attempt to kill Democratic and progressive leaders, an unhinged right-winger killing 11 innocents at the Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh, and in 2019, a Trump-supporting Texan to drive to El Paso to kill 23 Mexican-Americans and Mexicans. The next two months are going to be extremely dangerous. Trump will stop at nothing to hold onto power, and the Republican Party is all in on Trump’s corrupt power grab. Too many in the political class and in the media are treating the 2020 race as if it’s a normal contest between two competing political forces, when it’s not. Normalizing this existential moment of truth plays into the hands of those who want power at the expense of democracy.l

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WE REMEMBER

The 9/11 Attacks – 19 Years Later BY MARY CAMPBELL, SPECIAL TO CAW

here were you on September 11, 2001 – the day that forever changed America? At 8:46 am eastern time, a passenger plane crashed into the 110 – story North Tower of the Twin Towers of the former World Trade Center in New York City. The crash left a burning hole near the 80th floor, instantly killing hundreds of people and trapping hundreds more on the higher floors. The collision caused a massive explosion that sent burning debris showering down over surrounding buildings and the streets below. People ran to avoid getting hit by clouds of smoke and falling debris. Reporters and photographers rushed to the scene to cover what they initially believed to be a terrible accident. Onlookers watched from the street as the airplane stuck out through the sides of the building. People ran frantically down stairwells as the tower came crashing down. Ceilings fell over them, and floors collapsed beneath them. They tried desperately to make it out of the building before it collapsed at 10:28 am eastern time. People watched in horror, from the South Tower, and started leaving the building as the North Tower was evacuated. At 9:02 am eastern time, when a

plane hit the South Tower, it became clear this was no accident. America was under a terrorist attack. People ran down the stairwells of the South Tower, hoping to escape death. Some made heartbreaking calls to family and friends to say their last goodbyes. By 9:59 am Eastern time, the South Tower collapsed. Some were fortunate to make it out of the buildings alive; however, many perished beneath rubble and debris. About 200 people jumped out of windows, falling to their death. Reporters and photographers captured those disturbing images that played on the news and shown in newspapers worldwide. According to public records and the New York City Fire Department, about 3,000 people died: including men, women, and children ranging from 2 ½ years - old to 85-years-old. Reportedly 343 firefighters and 60 police officers lost their lives on September 11, 2001. While civilians ran from the devastation, the city’s first responders rushed inside the collapsing towers to help save lives. Firefighters, police officers, medics, and other rescue workers came together to find survivors trapped under the rubble and pulled them to safety. Many rescue workers, mainly firefighters, lost their lives due to smoke inhalation, falling debris, and fighting the blaze that con-

New York City, USA - September 11, 2017: Tribute in Light - Lower Manhattan panorama. Editorial credit: Kamil Polak / Shutterstock.com

ARLINGTON, VA - SEPT 13, 2014: Red carnations laying against the granite wall of the Memorial Gateway entrance to the Pentagon Memorial dedicated to the victims of the September 11, 2001 attack.Editorial credit: Glynnis Jones / Shutterstock.com sumed the Twin Towers. Years after 9/11, there is evidence of lingering negative effects resulting from the events of that day. Many Americans suffered depression, stress, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and even suicidal ideation, following the 9/11 attacks. People who lived and worked in the area near the World Trade Center in New York, first responders, including rescue, cleaning, and recovery workers, developed these problems at a higher rate than others. Children and adults complained of nightmares, trouble sleeping, flashbacks, and anxiety. Toxic fumes, including lead and asbestos, remained in the air weeks after the terrorist attack, causing people to develop respiratory diseases, and other ailments. Many rescue workers who responded to the scene, mainly firefighters, have since died due to 9/11 related illnesses. Nearly 10,000 first responders and others, who were in the World Trade Center area on that day, were diagnosed with cancer. Most recently, on July 25, 2020, longtime firefighter, Rich Kubler, 53, died from liver cancer related to the 9/11 attacks. Although he was retired at the

time of the 9/11 attacks, he, like many other firefighters who have since died, volunteered his time to help save lives. He continued working, not realizing the negative impact 9/11 had on his health. Eventually, he got testing and was diagnosed with cancer. He died soon after learning his diagnosis. There is no need to delay treatment. Federally funded healthcare programs are now available to offer free and low-cost medical services to those exposed by the 9/11 disaster. We remember the victims, heroes, first responders, and the many firefighters, like Rich Kubler, who sacrificed themselves to save others. As we approach the 19th Anniversary of the tragic events of September 11, 2001, feelings of stress, depression, and anxiety may arise. The 9/11 memorials can trigger post-traumatic stress disorder—calm feelings of anxiety before interfering with your daily functioning. Uncontrolled stress can negatively affect your health. If you experience stress brought on by the 19th Anniversary of 9/11, consult with a mental health professional.l Sources: Public Records of the National 911 Memorial and Museum

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THE NEW YORK CITY DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTION

WE WERE THERE, WE REMEMBER The New York City Department of Correction honors our members of service for their e昀orts during the 9/11 rescue and recovery e昀orts at Ground Zero, the temporary morgue at Bellevue Hospital and at Fresh Kills land昀ll on Staten Island.

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CIVIL RIGHTS

57 Years Later, We Continue to Dream BY MICHAEL BLAKE

ost journeys have a beginning and end point, and today, we commemorate a march on this continual journey to justice, equity, and true freedom. This is a journey that began when the first Black people were brought, against their will, to the land that would become the United States of America. This is a journey that has seen Black people enslaved, separated from families, abused and tortured. This is a journey that has been a part of the American story from itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s very beginning. This has been a journey that, thanks to so many women and men who have gone unnamed and whose stories have gone untold, have believed and fought for a better life. They saw a better world for us all. This is a journey that has seen voting rights attained and citizenship granted. This is a journey that has seen Jim Crow come and officially go while unofficially still present. This has not been a quiet journey. This journey has been moved along by words, shared experience, stories, and music. This is a journey that has been powered by faith, strength, and the very belief of human worth. Today, [August 28] marks a very important stop on our journey. On August 28th, 1963, more than 250,000 Black people and allies organized, met,

and created the March on Washington in support of jobs, justice, equity, and real freedom. People arrived on trains, in busses, in carpools, from across the nation. A program of inspiration and leadership compelled America to recognize that Black people were not fully enjoying the rights promised to us all. One hundred years after the Emancipation Proclamation, as Dr. King said, we are still not free. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. shared that his Dream, the American Dream, is not yet fully realized. John Lewis, the youngest speaker of the day, demanded that our government protect civil rights workers under attack. All of the leaders who spoke inspired the crowd of a quarter million people to continue the journey. This year, as we still reel from the painful effects of Coronavirus, the loss of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor, the most recent shooting of Jacob Blake, activists from Milwaukee, a city not far from Kenosha Wisconsin, arrived in Washington DC today, after WALKING for 24 days. This year, we are still fighting many of the same fights. We are fighting at the ballot boxes for access. We are fighting for criminal justice reform. We are fighting for safe, comfortable housing. We are fighting for equal paychecks. We are fighting for access to capital. We are fighting for equal repre-

sentation in our governments and boardrooms. We are fighting to stay alive. On this anniversary, I chose to honor our fellow Brothers and Sisters in sports who will not just shut up and dribble, but rather, stand up and lead. I read the words of Lebron James' "I Promise" to four young Kings of Color at The Lit Bar in The Bronx, thanks to our local Shero Noelle Santos. I want them to Dream Bigger Dreams.

We must continue the journey. We have faith. We have hope. We still believe. We are all on this journey together, towards Election Day and beyond. We are on this journey together. 57 years later, let us continue to DREAM.l

Assembly Member Michael Blake represents the 79th District in the Bronx

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HOT TOPIC When Police Stop Black Men/ continued from page 1 Floyd’s murder evoked memories of other murders by the police, including those of Walter Scott, Eric Garner, Philando Castile and Samuel DuBose. Most recently, another unarmed Black man, Jacob Blake, was shot seven times in the back in Kenosha, Wisconsin. We are a sociologist and a social worker who study racism, inequality and families, including a focus on Black men and their interactions with law enforcement. Each of these killings serves as confirmation that concerns about those interactions are warranted. The problem isn’t just that Black men get killed – it’s that Black families are stressed and strained by Black men’s daily encounters with police. Studies show Black and Hispanic drivers, compared to white drivers, experience a disproportionate number of police stops and that officers show less respect to Black drivers. Racial inequality in contact with the police may influence the lack of trust in police among Black Americans. In a recent Gallup survey, one in four Black men ages 18 to 34 reported they have been treated unfairly by police within the last month. In our research on these interactions, we found that they have far-reaching implications for Black families. Law enforcement encounters for Black Americans stretch beyond the streets of our cities and into Black Americans’ homes, where they have a negative effect on family life. Families suffer Studies show that one in nine Black children has had a parent in prison. Having an incarcerated parent is associated with a host of social problems for children, including behavioral problems and academic failure. Former inmates have to navigate many barriers to reintegrate and reconnect with their communities and families. A recent study shows that if fathers were previously incarcerated, they were more likely to report having a strained and unsupportive relationship with their child’s mother, a major factor which negatively impacts fathers’ involvement and harms their connection and relationship with their children. Although a growing number of studies focus on incarceration and families, there is less empirical research that includes whether police stops experienced by Black fathers affect family life. In our research, we have found the obstacles that come with economic hardship, mental illness, parenting stress and incarceration can hurt how well parents work together and the well-being of their children. We wanted to extend our work by examining whether experiencing a traffic stop for Black fathers affected their relationship with their child’s mother. This is important because the mother-father relationship plays a large role in fathers’ involvement with their children. In 2019, we co-authored a study that examined how Black fathers’ contacts with police affects their relationships

tact may also reduce individuals’ ability to manage family problems. Family members are inextricably linked, so when Black fathers experience a police stop, it may generate feelings of uncertainty and agitation on the part of the mother and affect the way that she views the relationship, leading to anger and frustration that negatively impacts the relationship.

The problem isn’t just that Black men get killed – it’s that Black families are stressed and strained by Black men’s daily encounters with police.

with their children’s mother. We analyzed data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-being study, a study surveying nearly 5,000 families from urban cities. In conducting our analysis, we focused on 967 Black families that included both fathers’ and mothers’ reports of relationship quality and cooperative parenting. We found that fathers who reported experiencing a police stop were more likely to report conflict or lack of cooperation in their relationships with their children’s mother. They also reported the same relationship problem if they had been previously incarcerated.

Anger and frustration Encountering law enforcement can affect family relationships in a number of ways. In many cities, the police presence is heaviest in low-income communities where Black men are more likely to live. These communities and their residents are often economically disadvantaged with very few viable prospects for gainful employment. For the Black fathers in these communities, not being able to fulfill the financial provider role can contribute to relationship tension with their children’s mother. Family researchers suggest that stressful events such as law enforcement con-

Reinforcing racial oppression The disproportionate number of Black men who have contact with law enforcement does not happen within a vacuum. Some researchers underscore the historical origins of policing and criminalizing of Black males since the Civil War that continues into the present. This includes negative stereotypes of Black men as dangerous, which led to more than 150 years of lynchings, mass incarceration of Black men and more recent stop-andfrisk policies that disproportionately target Blacks. Given the prevalence of both incarceration and police stops for Black men, law enforcement contact of any kind can become a source of additional stress and may reinforce racial oppression. As the results of our study indicate, these experiences may carry over into their day-to-day lives, including harming their family relationships.l Deadric T. Williams is an Assistant Professor of Sociology, University of Tennessee. Armon Perry is a Professor of Social Work, University of Louisville.

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CENSUS 2020

Heat, Fear and Stubborn Doormen: What Census Workers Face in the Final Month BY RACHEL HOLLIDAY SMITH, THECITY

he first responders to the nonresponders have only a month left. After a historically fraught census season marked by budget woes, political tussling over a citizenship question, a lastminute timeline cut and a pandemic, New York’s best hope to avoid a U.S. Census undercount is walking around your neighborhood right now. Census enumerators are pounding the pavement across the five boroughs in an effort to confirm how many people live in the city — at a time when pandemicscarred New Yorkers may be less likely than ever to answer a door-knock. The enumerators have until Sept. 30 — a month earlier than originally expected — to get it all done. Derek, an enumerator on the Upper West Side, applied for the job before the COVID-19 crisis hit. By the summer, he wasn’t sure he could go through with it. “I did tell myself that I was going to try it for a week and see exactly how it worked out,” he said. “And if I genuinely did not feel safe, I would have most likely have just quit.” Now, he says he’s committed to the job

“until this thing is over.” He is one of a handful of city enumerators who spoke with THE CITY on the condition of anonymity: U.S. Census Bureau employees are not cleared to speak with the media. Local Count Lags They have their work cut out for them. In New York, the city’s self-response rate rose 10.7 percentage points between May and August according to a recent analysis. But that still means only 57.4% of households have responded as of Aug. 28 — 6.6 percentage points lower than in 2010. And some hard-to-count neighborhoods are lagging by double digits. The stakes of getting an accurate count are high for the city. Everything from Congressional seats to federal funding depends on the final numbers. Andrea, an enumerator in Brooklyn, said she never “expected to be so personally invested in getting it done.” At first, she took the job mostly because it paid well — at just under 30 bucks an hour — and allowed for a flexible schedule. Now, she finds herself educating, cajoling and sometimes nearly begging for basic information when faced with a

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reluctant subject. “It’s really like, ‘You can turn me away, you can slam the door on me, but just tell me how many people live here,’” she said, describing her approach. “If you can just give me that, someone probably won’t bother you again.” In Flushing, Queens, enumerator Katelyn finds that most people will answer the census questionnaire “once they’re at the door with me.” But on the whole, “most people just straight up won’t open their doors,” she said. “Some people are very obviously home, but won’t come to the door, which is fine. I’m not offended. I don’t take it personally because I mean, A) I don’t like opening my door to strangers either. But, B) there’s a global pandemic happening,” she said. All surveys are completed via tablet by the enumerator, so the respondent doesn’t need to touch anything. The questionnaire takes about 10 minutes to complete. But because of policies put in place due to COVID-19, physically getting to the door can be a challenge. “A lot of doormen as well as building management just don’t want you in the building,” Derek said. “It does make it extremely hard, especially when I have 15 or 17 apartments that I have to do in this certain building, and I’m not able to.… And I’m not supposed to argue.” Fighting Scams and Suspicions The enumerators get their assignments for the day sometime between midnight and 7 a.m., they said. Then they suit up. Each has two Bureauissued cloth masks, hand sanitizer and gloves. A Census-branded bag and lanyard complete the uniform, which New Yorkers should look for when they get a visit. Census-related scams are all too common: Just last week, fraudsters posing as census workers set up a table on 125th Street in Harlem, asking people for their Social Security numbers in exchange for $10 Subway gift cards, according to an alert sent out by a Bronx community board. All enumerators who spoke with THE CITY said they don’t believe their health is at risk on the street and won’t let fears of contracting coronavirus stop them. Ron, who has been enumerating in Crown Heights, Brooklyn, feels “mostly safe” from the virus, especially since the workers rarely enter anyone’s home and can usually keep a fair distance. Only once did COVID-19 get in the way of the job. “There was one respondent that answered the door and was like, ‘Oh, I can’t open the door. I think I’m sick.’ And I said, ‘You know, I can actually do this interview through a closed door,’” Ron said. But there was no further answer. “They just didn’t want to do it,” Ron recalled. Enumerators say they’re learning more tips and tricks on the job. Derek makes all of his Census-branded gear “as visible as possible,” to convince

skeptical New Yorkers to talk with him. After getting a “really bad sunburn” her first day, Katelyn schedules her hours in the afternoon and evening to avoid the heat — and said she carries “a huge-a— water bottle.” The Kindness of Strangers Andrea has discovered when she can’t find an address, talking to longtime locals about what the area used to look like elicits a ton of help. “It’s distinctly hard in New York and in neighborhoods in Brooklyn, especially rapidly gentrifying ones, because the building may not exist,” she said. “If we strike up a conversation about how much has changed … those are people who want to help.” Still, enumerators say they regularly deal with insults and even threats on their routes. Ron, who is gender non-conforming, has been verbally harassed and spat at because of their appearance. Separately, they were escorted by a group of men off of a property after knocking on the door of a basement apartment. “Nobody said anything directly verbally threatening or violent. But it was very understood,” Ron said. Andrea has been called a “b---h,” she said, but has never marked a case as “hostile” — an option the workers have if a visit gets out of hand. Katelyn in Flushing counts herself lucky to not have been yelled at or threatened. She frequently reads through a Reddit group for census workers and sees a constant stream of enumerators posting about being harassed, or having the police called on them. Still, the workers in New York are committed to the job and, on the whole, focus on the good. Ron said the people who are “really courteous and sweet” make a big difference. “I just kind of try to hang on to that,” Ron said. Tea and Talk Andrea has enjoyed cataloging the area around her own home — most census workers are assigned to canvass their own neighborhoods — and getting to know her neighbors. One of the best visits so far, she said, was visiting a large family about to have dinner. “They offered me mint tea,” she said, noting that she declined because census workers can’t accept gifts. “They were sitting down … ready to eat delicious-looking food,” she said. “I had a couple other cases in the building and I was like, ‘Finish eating.’ And then I came back and they brought a seat to me out in the hallway.” With the family sitting inside the apartment and the door open between them, she completed the questionnaire and got them counted. l This story was published on August 31, 2020 by THE CITY.

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IN THE COMMUNITY

NYC Emergency Management Kicks Off National Preparedness Month

n recognition of National Preparedness Month, the New York City Emergency Management Department reminds New Yorkers to prepare for emergencies. This year’s events will be held virtually and will include weekly preparedness themes, along with a social media engagement campaign. These initiatives will provide the foundation to equip New Yorkers with the necessary tools to prepare their families, pets, businesses and communities for any emergency. “National Preparedness Month provides an opportunity for all New Yorkers to take stock of their emergency plans. Individuals can update those plans or create one if they don’t have,” said New York City Emergency Management Commissioner Deanne Criswell. “Our goal during the next few weeks is to continue to connect with our communities and equip them with the necessary resources to navigate not only these difficult times, but any future emergency they may face.” This year’s National Preparedness Month theme is, “Disasters Don’t Wait,

Editorial credit: Ben Carlson / Shutterstock.com

Make Your Plan Today.” The weeklythemed events will educate and guide the public in preparedness. They are, Make a Plan, Build a Kit, Prepare for Disasters, and Teach Youth about Preparedness. You can find more information on our National Preparedness Month here. Through the various virtual and social media events, New Yorkers will hear from emergency management experts and community groups that specialize in disaster preparedness and response.

This is your city. Do you know your zone?

Visit NYC.gov/knowyourzone or call 311 to find out what to do to prepare for hurricanes in NYC. #knowyourzone

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Throughout the month, NYC Emergency Management will continue to partner with faith-based and nonprofit organizations, as well as elected officials, to share critical information with the public. Through partnerships with Community Organizations Active in Disasters (COAD) and Community Emergency Networks, the agency will facilitate seminars and panel discussions that can equip individuals with the tools they need to prepare for, respond to, and recover from an emergency. “Through our relationship with the COADs and the community emergency networks, we are able to share a lot of information with the public about preparing for a disaster. They are constantly working on community emergency plans or trying to mitigate the different concerns regarding emergencies specific to their communities,” said NYC Emergency Management Director of Community Engagement Moriah A. Washington. “The COADs and networks assist with delivering the message and importance of emergency preparedness to an even larger group. Our goal is for New Yorkers to not just prepare their household, but also their communities.” “Nobody thinks about emergencies during blue skies, and we need to teach (our members) to be prepared for all the other times,” said Sharmila Rao Thakkar, executive director of the Staten Island Not For Profit Association, and Staten Island COAD. “You need to make it part of your business, and operations, that is what I aspire to do. “ “National Preparedness Month usually means asking people to imagine what they will do during a disaster, but this year, we are living it instead. As a community, we are experiencing and addressing the full disaster cycle: we’re responding to COVID-19 through distribution of masks and other supplies, doing recovery work through mental health education, and leading preparedness activities for what might come next,” said Ann-Gel Palermo, project director from the East Harlem COAD. In addition to the themed events, NYC Emergency Management will host a virtual reading for the latest issue of the

Ready Girl comic book on September 22, during a story hour at the Queens Library. On September 24, the agency will also host a virtual panel discussion with disability partners and advocates titled “Voices of the Disabled: Planning for Emergencies” to discuss the additional challenges that vulnerable populations face during a disaster. For more information and resources about National Preparedness Month, including a calendar of events, visit NYC.gov/emergencymanagement or follow the agency on social media. Census 2020 The 2020 Census is ending on September 30, and it is critical that all New Yorkers are counted. New York City stands to lose billions of dollars in federal aid every single year for schools, hospitals, health clinics, affordable housing, transportation, and more, as well as our representation in Congress and in Albany if we do not achieve a complete count. The census is easy, safe, and confidential. It can be completed online or by phone. It is just 10 simple questions that can be answered in under 10 minutes. By law, all responses are completely confidential and cannot be shared with anyone — not immigration, not the police, or your landlord. There are no questions about immigration, citizenship, criminal history, or income. Go to my2020census.gov or call 844-330-2020 to complete your census today. New York City’s future depends on it. l

IMMIGRATION

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IMMIGRATION

ICE Makes It Almost Impossible for People to Make Phone Calls from Detention Centers, Even in a Pandemic BY CLAUDIA VALENZUELA

ommunication with the outside world is crucial for people in jail. This includes individuals facing deportation while detained in immigration detention centers, who do not have the right to court-appointed counsel. Having the ability to make a phone call in a detention center is essential for a variety of reasons. Individuals need to secure legal representation or advice, gather evidence to support their defenses against deportation, and receive needed emotional support from family and friends. Despite the importance of phone access for detained immigrants, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has routinely failed to ensure reliable and accessible phone calls in its facilities for decades. Hurdles to phone access for detained immigrants, which mirror those for incarcerated individuals in every U.S. jail system, include: •Exorbitant rates to place phone calls. •Heavy surveillance of phone calls,

including those with legal counsel on the line. •Lack of privacy during calls. •Dropped calls and unclear or inconsistent guidance on the availability of free phone calls to authorized legal service providers. During the COVID-19 pandemic, inperson visits have been largely discontinued at immigration detention facilities. Phone access is more important now than ever before. Advocates have long challenged poor phone access at ICE facilities. A California lawsuit resulted in a 2016 settlement agreement that made improvements at designated facilities in Northern California. The fight for phone access continues. A recent challenge in Southern California resulted in a court-issued order that required ICE to provide free, unmonitored, unrecorded legal calls to detained individuals—reflecting the importance of phone access during the pandemic. And advocates filed a preliminary injunction to secure adequate phone

access at a New Mexico jail on August 26. Unfortunately, there is another complicating factor to securing proper phone access in detention centers. ICE frequently contracts with a private, prison telecommunications firm that manages and monitors its phone lines. This set-up—highly lucrative for companies and fraught with troubling concerns about incentivizing further detention and data harvesting—means that ICE routinely evades accountability for

an acceptable phone system in its jails. Local counties also profit from this arrangement. ICE would do well to follow the recent example in San Francisco, which joined New York in making all phone calls from jails free, in addition to ending nearly all commissions based on phone charges. These challenges will likely and justifiably continue until ICE provides universally free, confidential, and unmonitored phone access to individuals in its custody.l

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ISLAND FOCUS: JAMAICA

Remittance Inflows Helping to Prop Up Falling JA Dollar, Says Byles BY CALVIN G. BROWN, WIREDJA.COM

INGSTON, JAMAICA: [August 27, 2020] Amidst the growing concern over the effect of the movement in the exchange rate on the population's living standards, especially the poor, Bank of Jamaica (BOJ) Governor, Richard Byles, says the Bank will be working closely with authorized dealers and cambios to ensure the smooth and orderly functioning of the foreign exchange market. This, Mr. Byles said, against the background of public concern about the movement in the exchange rate, which, since August 12, “crossed the psychological threshold of $150 to US$1,” adding that the resonating anxiety is “understandable”. Speaking at the Central Bank’s digital quarterly press briefing, he said the recent significant depreciation of the Jamaican dollar has resulted from a reduction in US dollar inflows. This, he noted, is due primarily to the “sudden stop” in tourist arrivals since the onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) in Jamaica in March, as well as the sector’s slow recovery since the reopening of the country’s borders in mid-June.

The Governor noted that remittance inflows have been “particularly strong”, growing by approximately 42 per cent, while pointing out that “this has certainly helped liquidity in the market”. Mr. Byles highlighted a “pickup” in foreign exchange demand in August, relative to the previous month, adding that “this has led to an adjustment in the exchange rate”. Considering this, he said the BOJ sold US$30 million to the market on August 18, “so as to ensure continued orderly

adjustments in the exchange rate”. “We also offered a US-dollar index bond to investors seeking a hedge against future exchange rate movements,” he added. Mr. Byles said these interventions came on the heels of several previous initiatives to provide extra liquidity to the foreign exchange market since March. These include BOJ Foreign Exchange Intervention Trading Tool (B-FXITT) flash sales, direct sales to energy-sector stakeholders, extending a foreign

exchange swap arrangement, providing a US-dollar repurchase facility, and reducing foreign currency cash reserves held by deposit-taking institutions (DTIs). “These measures have already provided in excess of US$700 million in foreign currency liquidity support to the market,” Mr. Byles indicated. He advised that apart from supplying extra liquidity in times of crisis, the BOJ intervenes “only if we see or expect disorderly movements in the exchange rate that could threaten the inflation target”. The Governor said the BOJ will, if necessary, act using both monetary policy and foreign exchange operations “to ensure that movements in the exchange rate do not affect our [four to six per cent] inflation rate target”. “Let me emphasize that with gross reserves of US$3.7 billion, Jamaica is in a stronger position than in previous crises. These reserves, if judiciously managed, will be adequate to see us through this temporary crisis,” Mr. Byles added.l

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FAMILY MATTERS

Parental Burnout: It’s Real and It’s Manageable chronic stress can seriously impact a child’s development. Not to mention, when kids act out due to anxiety and stress, this can then lead to more stress for you, becoming a vicious cycle! The first thing we want all parents to know is that you are not alone. Feeling overwhelmed happens to all parents at one time or another, and everyone is doing the best they can right now. The trick is to learn how to manage stressors and remain the best parent you can be. Below are some tips and resources to help relieve stress and, hopefully, help bring joy back to parenting.

BY JACKIE BROWN, FATHERHOOD.GOV

ummer is winding down, which normally is a time for parents when kids are wrapping Photo of dad working from laptop while his children jump on the couch around himup summer activities such as vacations, camps, and outings and preparing for the new school year. However, you and the kids have been home since March. You may be feeling overloaded because you have been trying to balance work, home life, childcare, and homeschooling—all while navigating the added stress and anxiety of this “new normal” and uncertain future. It’s understandable if you may be feeling a bit burned out, and don’t worry, you most certainly are not alone! In a recent article, surveys show that more parents are experiencing stress and anxiety not only for themselves, but for their children’s well-being. These feelings can lead to what is called “parental burnout.” Parental burnout is characterized by “an overwhelming exhaustion related to one’s parental role, an emotional distancing from one’s children, and a sense of parental ineffectiveness” and can lead to more serious consequences such as

escape ideation and neglect. Parental burnout can come as a result of many stressors—small and large—such as behavioral problems and sibling fights where the parent feels they have no more resources to help resolve these issues and become detached from their child(ren). Parental burnout is common even in normal circumstances. It is no surprise that we as a society are hearing about more cases of parental burnout during this health crisis when so many parents are navigating financial strain, working from home while being full time caregivers, and facing uncertainty as to when

things will go back to normal. Many parents are talking about their struggle to balance all the demands they have to juggle with little to no help at this time. Kids can pick up on parental stress, especially infants. When children start feeling the stress of a parent, they get stressed themselves and, depending on their age, will manifest their stress and anxiety in various ways. Infants manifest stress by crying and being generally fussy. Older children may lash out, hitting or throwing objects, while others may “shut down.” Some child development experts claim that parents’ levels of

Create a routine. Although schedules can be hard to maintain depending on the age of your child(ren), establishing even one routine can help set up your home for success. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, creating healthy and consistent routines can promote more calm in the house. Even simple things like keeping morning and bedtime routines can improve a sense of order. Some screen time is okay. While common advice is to try to limit screen time, continued on page 14

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FAMILY MATTERS Parental Burnout/ continued from page 13 don’t feel guilty about using it if you need to do some work or to regroup while your child is occupied. Not sure what media is out there that is appropriate for your child’s age? Common Sense Media provides reviews for what your kids want to watch (before they watch it). You can also use screen time to bond with your child(ren). Carving out time to watch a movie or documentary together can not only promote conversation but also can relieve stress. Plan time to get active together! A great way to relieve stress is to exercise, stretch, or move around in general. If you feel your stress level beginning to rise, take a break together! Take a brisk walk, put on some music and dance to your favorite tunes, or do some yoga or stretching. Deep breathing also relieves anxiety. Remember it’s okay to stop what you are doing, close your eyes for a few moments, and take a couple of deep breaths. Go easy on yourself and practice selfcare. During stressful times, it is understandable that you may slip up on some chores. It is okay to order out food or do a simple meal. It is okay to take a longer shower than normal just to get a few minutes alone. Maybe you are a night owl; give yourself time after everyone

has gone to bed to relax, meditate, or do yoga--whatever relaxes you. Wake up before everyone else and have some “me” time. Things are stressful right now, and your priority should be selfcare for you and your child(ren). Don’t be afraid to get outside support. Although you may not be able to see your family and friends, they are only a phone call away. Don’t be afraid to call someone you love and say you are having a hard time. It’s also okay to seek professional help. There are many virtual therapy options out there and some are even offering free or reduced prices right now to help support those in need but cannot afford the typical fees. One option is BetterHelp, which is currently offering the first month free for anyone who needs to talk to a licensed therapist.

Make time to play with your kids. Making time to play with your kids is always important, no matter the age. However, in times when their routines are off and kids may not fully understand what is happening, it is especially important to set aside time for play. Children often act out as a way to get attention from the adults in their lives. Give them that special time by finding activities to do together to engage in all sorts of play. While kids benefit from a schedule and structure, they equally benefit from unstructured playtime to be creative and stimulate their cognitive skills. Parenting can be difficult. And it’s especially hard when your normal routine has changed, and you are having to balance more responsibility at home. The most important thing you can do is self-

care. You can’t take care of others if you are not well yourself. Just continue to look for ways to do the best you can, and remember you are not alone. l Taylor has more than 25 years of experience in early childhood education, supporting early childhood programs, conducting training and technical assistance and supporting federal programs serving children and families. She trains hundreds of early educators every year on topics such as social-emotional development, working with families, working with children who have been traumatized, and child development. She has written articles, newsletters, and blog posts on topics around children and childcare. Ms. Taylor holds a Master of Science in Family and Child Studies from Texas State University.

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Special

Sept 2020

More Older Americans Will Suffer from Low Vision, Here’s How to Make Life Easier and Safer

he number of older Americans with low vision is expected to double in the coming years, as more people live longer. Low vision describes poor vision that can't be fixed or improved with glasses, contacts or surgery. People with low vision have blind spots that can make it difficult or impossible to drive, read or see faces. But the tragedy isn’t that people have lost vision, it’s that most believe nothing can be done to improve their quality of life. The American Academy of Ophthalmology and Caribbean American Weekly are taking the opportunity of September’s Healthy Aging Month to let people know they can retain their independence and stay safe, despite declining vision. Age-related macular degeneration is one of the leading causes of low vision. Other common contributors include diabetic eye disease, glaucoma and inherited retinal diseases. Whatever the cause, vision rehabilitation helps people make the most of the vision they have left so they can live as independently as possible. The field of vision rehabilitation has advanced significantly over the years, offering more effective technologies and strategies. Today, ophthalmologists can offer solutions that range from a simple, portable video magnifier that can enlarge text and objects to high-tech glasses with cameras that allow people to read text and see faces. But there are many simple changes people can make on their own to help them live better:

•Improve contrast. Put dark place mats under white place settings, buy rugs that are a contrasting color with the floor, and kitchen towels and cutting boards that contrast with the countertop. Use contrasting colored tape along the edges of rugs, stairsteps and lamp shades. •Improve lighting. Every year, about 3 million older Americans are treated for injuries from falls, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Many of these falls are caused by low vision. Add lighting to staircases and dark hallways. Remove rugs from hallways to prevent tripping. Task lighting in the kitchen can also make food preparation safer and easier. •Reduce clutter and organize. A cluttered house is more difficult to navigate and

can contribute to falls and frustration. When each item has a specific place and is identified with a high-contrast label, it’s easier to locate items needed for everyday living. •Embrace technology. Books on tape and personal voice-activated assistants, like Google Home or Amazon's Alexa, can be enormously helpful for people who can no longer see well enough to read, dial a phone or set a thermostat. Most importantly, see an ophthalmologist and a low vision specialist. An ophthalmologist can determine the full extent of vision loss and exact location of blind spots. Either the ophthalmologist or a low vision specialist can then determine the best techniques and devices that can help patients get around their individual chal-

lenges. Unfortunately, many patients are referred for vision rehabilitation as a last resort, once their disease has advanced to a late stage. But it's most effective when introduced early in a patient's visual loss, so they can involve themselves in the process as they learn how to move around in their new world. “The prospect of being unable to drive, read or see loved one’s faces is frightening and can lead some people to withdraw from life,” said John D. Shepherd, M.D., a clinical spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology. “While there isn’t one strategy or tool that works for every person, vision rehabilitation offers hope. It can help people stay in their homes and keep doing the things they love to do.”u

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HEALTH SPECIAL

Emotionally Preparing Your Children for Back-to-School Season

Children’s National Hospital. “Explaining these precautions ahead of time can help your children see them as part of the school day routine instead of something to fear. For parents, remember that while children can get sick from this virus, it occurs less frequently than in adults and at lower rates than the flu.”

etween sheltering-in-place, online learning and time away from friends, many children will need a little extra support as they head back to school this fall. Consider these tips from the experts to help you emotionally prepare your children to return to school with confidence, optimism and excitement. Address your feelings (and theirs) Children often take cues about how to react from their parents. Think about what it takes for you to feel calm and prepared (or even excited) for the start of a new school year. That could mean talking with your child’s teacher or school about the safety precautions they’re taking so you can feel more at ease, taking a few minutes to establish a morning routine or stepping away from news that makes you anxious. Focus instead on the positive aspects of school, like the opportunity your child will have to learn, make friends, interact with others and grow into his or her own person. “Children need a sense of belonging, and school provides an important connection point for them,” said Dr. Elanna Yalow, chief academic officer for

KinderCare Learning Centers. “Nothing builds a sense of community like personal contact with friends and teachers. That connection is essential in supporting a child’s growth and development.” Set expectations about what to expect before the first day Some children may feel ready to go and eager to explore, while others can be more reserved or even fearful of new places, faces and routines. When your child knows what to expect, it can go a long way in soothing any worries he or she may have about leaving home and

going to school. It’s also important to respect your child’s growing independence and empower him or her to help others. As you explain safety precautions like covering the mouth when sneezing or coughing, or proper hand washing, emphasize how your child’s actions can help keep family, friends and teachers safe. “Children may already be apprehensive about returning to school, let alone trying to cope with new safety practices,” said Dr. Joelle Simpson, a pediatric emergency medicine physician and medical director for emergency preparedness at

Celebrate the start of a new school year Try to plan a special activity or some extra family time the week before school starts and encourage your child to participate in the planning. “Remember, children didn’t have time for a clean break and celebration at the end of the last school year, and this can help your child mentally adjust to a new routine and schedule,” Yalow said. Let your child know how proud you are to see him or her growing up, learning how to be a good friend and exploring and learning about the world. Be sure to talk with your child each school day – what was learned, funny things friends said, the things that seem little but are important to your child.u (Family Features).

AFTER YOU HAVE A LUNG REMOVED, TAKE SHORT BREATHS. Annette, Age 57, Diagnosed at 52 New York

Smoking causes immediate damage to your body. For Annette, it caused lung cancer. You can quit. For free help, call 1-800-QUIT-NOW

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HEALTH SPECIAL

Dealing with the Changing Face of Caregivers BY LINDA N.

very economy with an aging population often must deal with the challenge of caregiving. In the USA, there are over 75 million people within this older age category, and the demographics of the average caregiver are changing rapidly. Most people born between 1980 and 1996, who currently are in their late thirties (often called millennials) are taking up the role of caregivers to this aging population who are now between 55-75 years, in addition to growing career and a family. The same scenario that baby boomers dealt with in the past when they had to take care of their aging relatives while raising a family resulting in the term called ‘sandwich generation’. Now, the role has reversed. However, the millennials are now taking up the task and experience, which often results in pressure to define priorities. In a study by AARP, one out of every four family caregiver falls within the millennial age group, with an average age of forty-seven years. According to Genworth, whose study noted a six years difference from

the initially fifty-three years average age of most caregivers in 2010. An explanation for this age difference was cited by Gretchen Alkema, Vice President, Policy and Communications, SCAN Foundation, to the New York Times, to be the generational differences especially with the age of childbirth and marital status among the older aged population, resulting in the need to depend on the much younger aged generation for care. Differences to caregiving There are generational differences in challenges facing caregivers. For most younger-aged caregivers, they must deal with multiple roles: building a career in addition to raising a young family. Surprisingly, more males within the younger aged population find themselves becoming caregivers compared to other generations. There are also differences in the number of hours spent on caregiving, with most spending an average of twenty-one hours per week according to the AARP findings. More than half of these millennials carry out these caregiving roles in addition to a full-time job, while thirty-one

percent carry the caregiving role on a part-time basis. There are also differences in the likeness to discuss their caregiving role with employers, where younger-aged caregivers claim they are less likely to discuss their caregiving duties. How to manage the challenges of caregiving duties Managing the caregiving responsibilities, along with other life priorities, is demanding and stressful. However, it is a responsibility that should be tackled. Individuals faced with these situations requires a strategic plan that will enable them to succeed; this includes: Need to plan: To ensure that you succeed at juggling these life's responsibilities, it is important to have a long-term care plan for the family member that is in need. This can be achieved by taking out a long term care insurance which can reduce some of the costs of caregiving

especially if it is purchased at an early stage. Secondly, consult the services of a geriatric care manager who specializes in the management of the older population. They will support the caregiver in deciding on the type and best care that is required and where to find the necessary support. Consider other support services like an adult daycare to give the caregiver a much-needed break from the rigors of caregiving, which takes a toll after a while. It is essential to have other forms of support system in place to help take some of the burdens from the caregiver to prevent burnout. Learn to ask for help, eat well, rest, have other forms of recreation, learn to find ways of de-stressing. Finally, consult the services of an attorney to become knowledgeable about specific provisions and benefits within the law that they can benefit from such.u

Wills, Trusts & Nursing Home Asset Protection Learn how to Protect your Assets and Provide for your Loved ones

Get Answers to Start Your Estate Plan

At this consultation, we will discuss issues that include: Nursing home costs- the myth of the 昀ve year look back The advantages of Wills, Living Trusts & Probate How to maintain your privacy and protect your estate if you become disabled (Hint: Not all Powers of Attorney are valid) Why putting property in children’s names may be a mistake Protect one’s spouse when the other needs nursing home care Preserve your estate for your kids if your surviving spouse gets married How Probate works and more importantly, how to avoid probate How you can qualify and use Medi-Cal to pay for nursing home expenses Provide for special needs (disabled) children and grandchildren How you may be able to minimize federal and state taxes

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HEALTH SPECIAL

Domestic Violence Doesn't Take a Holiday Break BY JANET HOWARD, SPECIAL TO CAW The holiday season will be arriving faster than we think. Nearly everybody will be busy with friends and family. For some other people, the holidays are just another reason to remain in isolation. They're not hiding by choice though. They live in isolation out of fear for their safety. That's because unlike friends and families, domestic abuse doesn't stop and take a break during the holidays. Unless a victim does something about it, domestic abuse can continue from Thanksgiving until far beyond New Year's Day. Defining Domestic Abuse Each state has its own definition of domestic abuse. They're in general agreement that it can consist of a single isolated incident or a pattern of harassing, threatening, intimidating, or violent behavior toward intimate or former intimate partners, household members or family members. Gender and sexual preference are irrelevant. Some typical examples of domestic abuse would be emotional, psychological, physical, and sexual aggression along with financial exploitation.

Domestic Violence Orders A court order commonly known as an order of protection, a domestic violence or restraining order can be sought and entered when a person has been a victim of domestic abuse. A court might even enter an order if an individual has a reasonable fear of domestic violence. Along with other protections, the rules operate to prevent an abuser from contacting a protected person either directly or indirectly by phone, email, or through a third party. The orders can also prohibit the abuser from coming near the home, place of employment or school of any protected person. Any violation of an active domestic violence order can be prosecutable in the criminal courts. Conviction comes with the possibility of a jail sentence. Victims of physical or sexual abuse need only dial 911. When the abuser is under arrest, arrangements can be made for an appropriate order and then leaving. By moving, the risk of further domestic violence is reduced drastically. It's not going to be easy, but it's likely to provide a victim and his or her children an opportunity to heal both physically and emotionally. Resources are out there for vic-

tims of domestic violence. A trusted friend, relative, police officer, or attorney can get you pointed in the right direction. They all want to see you and your children healthy and happy again. Immigrants and Domestic Violence Immigrants in the US. have the right to live life free of abuse. Due to the victim’s immigration status, abusive partners have additional ways to exert power and control over their victims. If you are an immigrant or refugee in an abusive relationship, you may face unique issues that make it hard to reach out for help. A specialized immigration attorney should

always be your first point of contact when it comes to immigration questions and concerns. You can also listen to Ask the Lawyer Radio Program on WVIP 93.5FM on Thursdays, 10pm-11pm and Sundays, 11pm to 12am. The program provides great information and also an opportunity for a FREE, no obligation legal consultation. The number to call is 855-768-8845. You can also visit www.askthelawyer.us Domestic violence is against the law regardless of one’s immigration status. Be a loving family member, good friend, and caring neighbor: please share this information.u

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HEALTH SPECIAL

September Is National Child Obesity Awareness Month

ccording to the Office of Disease and Health Promotion One in 3 children in the United States is overweight or obese. Childhood obesity puts kids at risk for health problems that were once seen only in adults, like type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. The good news? Childhood obesity can be prevented. The CDC states that Childhood Obesity Is a Major Public Health Problem •Children with obesity are at higher risk for having other chronic health conditions and diseases, such as asthma, sleep apnea, bone and joint problems, and type 2 diabetes. They also have more risk factors for heart disease like high blood pressure and high cholesterol than their normal weight peers. •Children with obesity can be bullied and teased more than their normal weight peers. They are also more likely to suffer from social isolation, depression, and lower self-esteem. •Children with obesity are more likely to have obesity as adults. This can lead to lifelong physical and mental health prob-

lems. Adult obesity is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and many types of cancers. Childhood Obesity Is Influenced by Many Factors Many factors can have an impact on childhood obesity, including eating and physical activity behaviors, genetics, metabolism, family and home environment, and community and social factors. For some children and families, obesity may be influenced by the following: •too much time spent being inactivelack of sleep •lack of places to go in the community to get physical activity •easy access to inexpensive, high calorie foods and sugary beverages •lack of access to affordable, healthier foods There Are Ways Parents Can Help Prevent Obesity and Support Healthy Growth in Children To help ensure that children have a healthy weight, energy balance is important. There are many things parents can do to help their children achieve a

healthy weight and maintain it. •Be aware of your child’s growth. Learn how obesity is measured in children and use CDC’s Child and Teen BMI •Calculator to screen your child for potential weight issues. •Provide nutritious, lower-calorie foods such as fruits and vegetables in place of foods high in added sugars and solid fats. •Try serving more fruit and vegetables at meals and as snacks. •Make sure drinking water is always available as a no-calorie alternative to sugary beverages and limit juice intake. •Help children get the recommended amount of physical activity each day. •Be a role model! Eat healthy meals and snacks, and get the right amount of physical activity every day. •Learn what you can do to help shape a healthy school environment How can National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month make a difference? We can all use this month to raise awareness about the obesity epidemic and show people how they can take steps toward a solution.

Here are just a few ideas: •Encourage families to make small changes, like keeping fresh fruit within reach or going on a family walk after dinner. •Motivate teachers and administrators to make schools healthier. Help them provide healthy food options and daily physical activities for students. •Ask doctors and nurses to be leaders in their communities by supporting programs to prevent childhood obesity.u —dhd10.org

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HEALTH SPECIAL

Managing Your Diabetes in the Workplace: It Can Be Done and the Law Is on Your Side BY MARILYN SILVERMAN

iercing rays of sunshine seep through your closed Venetian blinds. Time to get ready for work. You grab this. You grab that. However, if you are a diabetic there are a few more things you have to grab. It’s easy to manage your diabetes at home. There is your refrigerator and your medicine cabinet and your family who knows all about your medical condition. But managing your diabetes in the workplace is just as manageable. As per the American Diabetic Association, it is estimated that an astronomical 18 million men and women residing in the U.S. today live their lives every day with diabetes. What is diabetes? Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose or sugar levels that ensue from defects in the body’s ability to produce or use insulin. Fortunately for its sufferers it is designated as a disability due to its detrimental impact on the body’s endocrine functioning. Why fortunately? Just a few short years ago in 1990, to be precise, the Americans with Disability Act, a federal anti-discrimination act became law. Why? To protect

people with diabetes from unfair treatment. This was a milestone since it enabled diabetics to work without fear lest their condition jeopardized their jobs. Gina Gavla RN, indicates that once upon a time in the not too distant past, workers faced discrimination, e.g., they weren’t permitted to take breaks to check their blood sugar, eat or take insulin—the only way they could perform their jobs responsibly. Outrageous? Yes. But now you as a diabetic possess certain delineated legal rights—you have the right to ask your employer for reasonable accommodations. Reasonable is the key word in

this sentence. Some representative examples of reasonable accommodations within the business infrastructure be it a retail establishment, a factory, an office or whatever: •Breaks to check blood sugar, eat and take medication. •To maintain diabetes supplies in close proximity to your workstation. •Ability to inject insulin; if preferable a private space should be provided away from the prying eyes of colleagues. According to WebMD, insulin can be stored in an insulated lunchbox if a refrigerator is not available on the premises.

The conveniences of home are not always duplicated at work. •For those afflicted with a vision disorder a sizable computer monitor. •Don’t stay glued to a chair all day since physical activity is beneficial. •It is recommended that a letter authored by your doctor should accompany your request. Diatribe Learn indicates that you should have a comprehension of your legal rights due to your official designation as an individual with diabetes. A dilemma typically arises whereby you wonder if it is necessary to inform your boss. It is a good idea to do so since you will have to justify your request. But your boss is mandated to keep this information confidential. Your health is a private matter and should not be broadcast for all to hear. You should schedule a meeting with your boss and emphasize that your condition will not negatively impact your work. Everything you need to do is done at intervals. You won’t be injecting insulin every minute of the day. Your boss should understand that these reasonable accommodations will not constitute a costly expenditure in the daily management of their business and furcontinued on page 21

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HEALTH SPECIAL

'How Dangerous Is Hugging During COVID?' BY ELIZABETH HANES, BSN, RN, WEBMD

t this point in the epidemic, some of us could really use a hug. A good, old-fashioned bear hug – the kind that makes us feel like everything’s going to be all right. So, how dangerous is a hug during COVID-19, anyway? Some experts say that hugging is not very risky if you do it right. But before we discuss safe hugging technique, understand that you need to consider in advance who you’re planning to hug – and where the hug will take place. The more people you hug, the greater your risk; so, limit your hugging to those closest to you (and only if they are following the COVID safety guidelines). You should avoid hugging people in high-risk groups due to age (over 60) or medical conditions (lung disease, cancer, and so on). Like many activities, hugging outdoors probably is less risky than embracing within a closed space. Once you’ve planned the who and where, you need to follow good hugging technique to keep the situation as lowrisk as possible: •Get consent to hug someone before you

actually go in for the clinch •Wear a mask •Hold your breath as you approach the other person for the hug •Turn your head away as you embrace for a few seconds •Keep holding your breath (don’t talk or even whisper) •Exit the embrace and immediately back at least six feet away •Turn your head away from the other person and exhale Using this technique reduces the risk of

either person inhaling the other’s breath – which could include coronavirus particles, even if neither of you has symptoms of COVID-19. Remember, it’s possible to spread the virus when you’re asymptomatic (infected but don’t have symptoms) or pre-symptomatic (infected but now showing symptoms yet). If you take care to plan your hugs in advance and avoid inhaling the other person’s breath during the embrace, then hugging probably is a relatively low-risk activity, even during COVID-19. And who couldn’t use a hug right now?u

Diabetes in the Workplace/ continued from page 20 thermore will not cause much disruption in the workplace environment. Everyday Health recommends that you confide in one or two co-workers, since at work we develop a sense of camaraderie with our colleagues. Explain your condition in simplistic terms; you don’t have to quote from medical texts. Paint a picture of what a low blood sugar episode might resemble and discuss emergency plans. If you are an hourly worker in a neighborhood fast food franchise or a corporate employee in an ivory tower and you are a diabetic, you can contribute as a productive and valued employee. You just have to remember to do certain things throughout the day and remember that you have the legal right to do so. Here are some types of discrimination you might experience: you might not be asked to make a presentation at an out of town conference because of the general concern that traveling with your condition will be difficult. You may not be allowed to be on the office volleyball team. If you feel you are discriminated against ASAP consult with an attorney who is experienced in workplace discrimination. Contact the Law Offices of Figeroux & Associates; they have extensive experience in workplace discrimination and will represent you with the compassion and respect you deserve. u

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Meet Chari Cuthbert: The Jamaican Jewelry Designer Behind Michelle Obama’s ‘Vote’ Necklace BY MARY CAMPBELL

ichelle Obama's fashion and speeches always capture attention and admiration. At her recent DNC appearance, once again, her address caught the attention and respect of viewers along with a simple 'vote' necklace which took the internet by storm. Guess who was behind the 'vote' necklace? Jamaican-born jewelry designer, Chari Cuthbert of BY CHARI. Cuthbert custom made the necklace for Obama at the request of her stylist, "Meredith Koop. Cuthbert says, "I was beyond excited and surprised to see her debut the necklace while watching her deliver one of her most historically relevant speeches to date at the DNC." Although Cuthbert knew Obama had the necklace, she was pleasantly surprised to see it being worn live at the DNC. The necklace was so impactful with Michelle's message of the importance of voting. Of course, throughout her years as our forever First Lady, Michelle Obama always wore upcoming and emerging designers putting them on the map and the road to instant fashion success. Remember, Jason Wu's dress she wore at the inauguration? Since the 'vote' necklace debut, BY CHARI's sales and exposure have skyrocketed beyond expectations. "The response has been tremendous. We are very grateful to have a massive influx of orders and press inquiries. I've been receiving non-stop text messages, emails, and phone calls since Mrs. Obama took the stage," Cuthbert shared. She hopes that the 'vote' necklace will allow people to express their voice silently through their style. "I feel lucky to express my voice and the voice of the people through

my art. It's amazing how one word worn in the form of jewelry can help people express themselves and inspire others to express themselves too. I hope that our vote necklace will empower and inspire people to rock the vote since our democracy depends on everyone getting out and voting." The custom necklace is now available for purchase and offered in various chain lengths in small, large, or even diamond-encrusted letters. It's also available in 14K yellow gold, 14K rose gold, or 14K white gold and will take up to three to four weeks for delivery. We rounded up five other great pieces that also spell out V-O-T-E for those looking for budget-friendly options. Chari, the creative director and founder of BY CHARI, realized her American Dream when she started the brand in 2012 with only $100 in her pocket. The 36-year-old Cuthbert is a self-taught artist. In 2012, she quit her job and moved to Hawaii, and later Los Angeles. "I started BYCHARI with only $100 and had no business starting a company," she said. "Yet, I was determined to work for myself and build a brand I could be proud of and, in return, empower other women." Her designs are expressions from the spirit of her elegant, island roots and her global travel experiences with a touch of warmth and effortlessness. BY CHARI is how one can express their personal story and style to the world. l

Chari Cuthbert of By Chari. BENJAMIN HOLTROP

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SPORTS & BOOKS

Professional Track Athletes Come Together to Compete in The Armory’s Virtual Marathon Team Relay

EW YORK, NY: Professional track athletes across America are coming together and inviting the world to compete against them to raise money for The Armory’s youth educational and athletic programs in the Columbia & NewYork-Presbyterian Virtual Marathon Team Relay Presented by New York Road Runners. Strategy may be almost as important as speed for this unique event. Each marathon team relay can include up to 8 participants and each person may run 3 separate times – so teamwork and planning is critical. The public is invited to participate virtually against these pro athletes from October 15th-17th. Committed participants and teams already include: •2016 Olympian Colleen Quigley, and her fellow 4x1500m world record holder Elise Cranny along with Sean McGorty from the famed Bowerman Track Club •Tinman Elite with Sam Parsons, Drew Hunter (High School Mile Record-

High School Mile Record-Holder and USA 2-Mile champ Drew Hunter, pictured during last year’s Armory Indoor Track & Field Camp, will compete in the upcoming Columbia & NewYorkPresbyterian Virtual Marathon Team Relay. Photo courtesy of Armory Track

Holder and U.S. 2-Mile champion) and their fellow team members •HOKA NJ/NY Track Club with NCAA record-holder Kyle Merber and World Championships finalist Johnny Gregorek •Other committed athletes and teams include Allie Kieffer, top 5 finisher at TCS New York City Marathon and former indoor marathon world record holder, Robby Andrews, 2016 Olympian, Brooks Beasts, On Athletic Club, Idaho Distance Project (Clayton Young), NAZ Elite, Boston Athletic Association, Zap Fitness, Atlanta Track Club and others. This event is the continuation of the popular Indoor Marathon, where relay teams would conquer 211 laps of The Armory’s 200-meter track. The virtual marathon team relay features the same format, but runners can participate from wherever they are located. The current event record of 2:09:43 set last year by the Central Park Track Club will certainly fall, and a sub-1:50 is possible. For the hardiest athletes, Evil Twin Brewery is sponsoring the Elevation Challenge. The 3 men’s, women’s and co-ed teams who summit the greatest elevation during their 26.2 miles will receives complimentary beer courtesy of Evil Twin Brewery. Happy climbing! The Columbia & NewYork-Presbyterian Virtual Marathon Team Relay is the largest annual fundraiser for the nonprofit Armory Foundation’s youth programs, and the after-school Armory College Prep program. “Close to 2,000 students from underserved communities have been through the Armory College Prep program and have earned more than $10 million in college scholarships,” said Rita Finkel, Director of Armory College Prep and Armory Foundation Co-President, “and we believe that every student on their school track and field team can attain the dream of a four-year college degree.” The Armory’s youth programs include the no-cost Little Feet and CityTrack athletic programs for children from Washington Heights, Harlem and Inwood. The acclaimed Armory College Prep after-school educational program serves New York City children from grades 5 through 12. Over the past four years, 100 percent of Armory College Prep seniors were admitted to four-year colleges with financial assistance to make the dream of a college degree attainable. To learn more about The Armory Foundation, please visit https://www.armory.nyc/. In order to secure your team’s spot in the virtual marathon team relay, or to learn more, please visit https://indoormarathon.org/virtuall

Reading for Fall

rom award-winning, bestselling author Ibi Zoboi and prison reform activist Yusef Salaam of the Exonerated Five comes a powerful YA novel in verse about a boy who is wrongfully incarcerated. Perfect for fans of the Noughts & Crosses series and The Hate U Give. One fateful night, an altercation in a gentrifying neighbourhood escalates into tragedy. ‘Boys just being boys’ turns out to be true only when those boys are white. Suddenly, at just sixteen years old, Amal Shahid’s bright future is upended: he is convicted of a crime he didn’t commit and sent to prison. Despair and rage almost sink him until he turns to the refuge of his words, his art. This never should have been his story. But can he change it? With spellbinding lyricism, award-winning author Ibi Zoboi and prison reform activist Yusef Salaam tell a moving and deeply profound story about how one boy is able to maintain his humanity and fight for the truth, in a system designed to strip him of both.l About the Authors Ibi Zoboi was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and holds an MFA in writing for children and young adults from Vermont College of Fine Arts. Her novel AMERICAN STREET was a National Book Award finalist and a New York Times Notable Book. She is also the editor of the anthology BLACK ENOUGH. Raised in New York City, she lives in New Jersey with her husband and three children. www.ibizoboi.net. Dr Yusef Salaam was just fifteen years old when he and four other boys were wrongly convicted in the ‘Central Park jogger’ case. After the young men spent between seven and thirteen years behind bars, their sentences were overturned and they were fully exonerated. Their story has been documented in the award-winning film THE CENTRAL PARK FIVE and the acclaimed Netflix series WHEN THEY SEE US. Yusef is now a poet, activist and inspirational speaker who lives in Atlanta, Georgia. He is the recipient of a Lifetime Achievement Award from President Barack Obama, among other honours. www.yusefspeaks.com.

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LOVE & RELATIONSHIPS

Five Signs That Your Marriage May Be Over BY JANET HOWARD, 311DIVORCE.COM

he breakup of a marriage is never easy. However, it is often possible to see it coming. The following five signs are particularly good indicators that your marriage may be coming to an end: Less Time Together If you or your partner have little time to spend with one another, it could be an indication that your marriage is at its end. Unless your partner is stationed in Afghanistan or you are working on a second medical degree, there is no reason why you shouldn't have a couple of hours to bond in the evening after work. You should be especially concerned if you try to schedule time together, but your partner is unwilling to show up. Blatant Infidelity A partner who is cheating openly is definitely not interested in patching things up or investing their time into the marriage. If you catch your partner texting another love interest or getting hot and heavy in your bed with another person, it is definitely time to leave the relationship and find someone better.

Improved Physical Appearance If you have been together for a long time, the need to look perfect tends to go away. You can comfortably wear your baggy shirt or old jogging pants in front of your significant other and they will not think less of you. However, if you notice a sharp and sudden improvement in your partner's appearance, it may be an indication that they have found someone else. This is especially true if they purchase a whole new wardrobe, get a new haircut or suddenly start hitting the gym.

Reduced Intimacy Unless your partner is experiencing a major illness or is extremely stressed at work, less intimacy could be an indication that your marriage is over. If your partner is less affectionate or cannot stand to touch you, it often means that their feelings for you have cooled and that it is time to consider getting out of the relationship. No Communication Communication is a vital part of every successful relationship. If you find that

you and your partner are speaking less, it may be a sign that your marriage is on the rocks. You should be especially concerned if you have difficulty talking about serious issues such as money, children, or the state of your marriage. In Closing Separating from your spouse can be extremely tough. However, by watching out for the signs outlined in this article, you may be able to prepare yourself in advance, and hopefully make the process just a little easier.l

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KITCHEN CORNER

Jerk Chicken Wings

hese jerk chicken wings were so flavorful, so different, and so additively delicious, that I may have eaten my last Buffalo wing. Okay, I didn't mean that, but these really are amazing; a perfect balance of sweet, sour, salty, and spicy. I'm usually pretty casual about you changing my recipes, but I'm going to have to insist you not change any of the key ingredients, which are, every one of them. —Chef John, Allrecipes.com Ingredients ½ yellow onion, chopped ½ cup green onions, sliced 6 cloves garlic 3 peppers habanero peppers, seeded and chopped 2 tablespoons fresh thyme leaves 1 tablespoon kosher salt 2 teaspoons ground black pepper 2 teaspoons ground allspice 1 teaspoon dried thyme ½ teaspoon ground cinnamon ½ teaspoon ground cumin ½ teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg 2 tablespoons vegetable oil 3 tablespoons soy sauce 2 tablespoons brown sugar ⅓ cup lime juice 3 pounds chicken wing drumettes 1 serving cooking spray

Directions Step 1 Put yellow onion, green onions, garlic, habanero peppers, fresh thyme, kosher salt, black pepper, allspice, dried thyme, cinnamon, cumin, nutmeg, vegetable oil, soy sauce, brown sugar, and lime juice, respectively, in a blender and blend until marinade is completely smooth. Step 2 Place chicken in a large bowl. Pour marinade over chicken and toss to coat completely. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and marinate in the refrigerator for at least 8 hours or overnight. Step 3 Preheat oven to 450 degrees F (230 degrees C). Line a baking sheet with aluminum foil and spray with cooking spray. Step 4 Place chicken drumettes on prepared baking sheet and reserve marinade left in the bowl. Step 5 Bake in the preheated oven for 25 minutes.

Step 6 Brush 1/2 the reserved marinade onto chicken and turn wings over. Bake for 15 minutes. Step 7 Turn chicken and brush on remaining 1/2 the reserved marinade. Bake until tender and caramelized, 10 to 15 minutes more. An instant-read thermometer inserted near the bone should read 165 degrees F (74 degrees C). Rest wings on baking sheet for 5 minutes before removing to a serving platter.

Cook's Note: You can marinate the wings for 2 hours at room temperature, turning every 15 minutes, instead of marinating in the refrigerator overnight. Nutrition Facts Per Serving: 252.9 calories; protein 16.6g 33% DV; carbohydrates 11.4g 4% DV; fat 15.9g 25% DV; cholesterol 47.6mg 16% DV; sodium 1463.3mg 59% DV. l

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WAKANDA FOREVER: CHADWICK BOSEMAN Chadwick Boseman/ continued from page 1 remained unknown until 2013 when he played Jackie Robinson in the movie "42", which was so named because that was Robinson's uniform number. The film was about the integration of baseball in the 1940s. Boseman spent time with Jackie Robinson's widow, Rachel Robinson, to learn about the player, who endured racism as baseball's first Black player in the 20th century. He also trained with baseball coaches for several months. Rachel Robinson was thrilled by Chad Boseman's depiction of her late husband. During previous interviews with Time Magazine, Mrs. Robinson said, "I was moved to tears." In 2014, Chad Boseman played James Brown, "the Godfather of Soul," in "Get on Up." He learned the performer's famed dance moves and songs in preparation for the role. Audiences were impressed at how well he copied Brown's mannerisms and dances. In 2017, Boseman portrayed Thurgood Marshall. In the movie "Marshall", we learn about the civil rights attorney who became the first African American justice to serve on the Supreme Court. The movie takes us back to the 1940s court case that was a defining moment in Thurgood Marshall's career. Boseman was careful in the roles he selected. He felt it his responsibility to depict strong Black men from the past. In a former interview with Esquire magazine, Boseman reportedly said, "I've always felt it important to play these historical figures." Black Panther In 2018, "Black Panther" was released. Black Panther is a fictional superhero, whose real name in the comics is T'Challa. T'Challa is the King and protector of a fictional African country called "Wakanda." When T'Challa transformed into the Black Panther, he had super strength, genius-level intelligence, and was able to call upon all the previous Black Panthers' knowledge. Black Panther is the first African superhero to be depicted in American comics. When asked what Boseman's legacy meant to him, Anthony Austin, owner of On The Scene Media Group LLC, said, "When the movie Black Panther was in previews, I had never seen such energy in our community over a movie before. When they revealed the actor, Chad Boseman was the leader, a feeling of pride rose in my chest. The image of a superhero that looked like me, dark in complexion and polished, emphasized that we come in many packages and not what is often portrayed on television. Once I did my research and saw all the biopics he starred in, I said to myself, he is a messenger to our community, especially our youth, with education and perseverance you can achieve greatness." Chadwick Boseman's role as T'Challa/ Black Panther made him an international star. The movie became a symbol of pride for Black moviegoers who enjoyed seeing a superhero who looked like them. Many Black moviegoers reported seeing

28 From Boseman’s Twitter account:

"A true fighter, Chadwick persevered through it all, and brought you many of the films you have come to love so much. From Marshall to Da 5 Bloods, August Wilson's Ma Rainey's Black Bottom and several more, all were filmed during and between countless surgeries and chemotherapy."

Actor Chadwick Boseman, star of Marvel Studios’ groundbreaking film Black Panther, has passed away at the age of 43. Photo: Marvel Studios. the film multiple times. The movie, with its predominantly Black cast and a Black director, became a cultural landmark. People of African descent, all over the world, were proclaiming, "Wakanda Forever" as they copied Boseman's salute, with his arms crossed over his chest. As a result of the movie, Black Americans had an increased sense of identity and felt more connected to Africa. Many Black women cut their hair short and embraced natural hairstyles like the characters in the movie. Women and men dreamed of visiting Wakanda's fictional land, and interest in travel to Africa increased. Parents, educators, celebrities, and others stressed the importance of Black youth seeing this inspirational movie, and it became the field trip of choice for many students. Chad Boseman fully understood the cultural significance of his role as T'Challa and the Black Panther. When Black Panther was released, Boseman purchased tickets for hundreds of underprivileged youth, and they enjoyed the movie as his special guests. The community was proud of him. "Black Panther" was the first superhero movie nominated for an Oscar for best picture. The film won Oscars for music, costumes, and production design. "Black Panther" also won a Screen Actors Guild Award for the best acting ensemble. Chad Boseman received the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture for his role in the "Black Panther." The movie became the highestgrossing film in the United States, with over $1.3 billion in worldwide ticket sales. While battling cancer, without revealing his illness, Chad Boseman continued acting. In 2019, he appeared in "21 Bridges" in Spike Lee's "Da 5 Bloods" and had a role in the filmed version of August Wilson's "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom" scheduled to be released later this year. Giving Back Chadwick Boseman also found time to motivate others. High school senior, Stephanie Williams recalled, "Even though he was sick, he was on social media motivating young people and

encouraging people to vote. His death is a difficult loss, especially at this time when we are losing good people to the pandemic, and innocent Black men are being shot and killed by the police. Black men have lost a great role model." On August 28, 2020, at age 43, Chad Boseman lost his 4-year battle with colon cancer. Performing Artist, LeRuz LaRose said, "Chadwick Boseman seemed to be a special human being God wanted us to see before his time was upon this world." More Than An Actor, A Great Man Mark Alston, CEO of Alston Entertainment, said, "Chad Boseman's death affected the world because he was the perfect man to play Black Panther. Not because he was a dynamic actor who deserved the role; it was because of the goodness and the strength we saw in the man. We knew Chad was a good man who wanted to see good in the world. We felt the love in him. I will miss his presence dearly." Promoter and Business Advocate, Lawrence Ben Miles, said, "We lost a great man. RIP Chadwick. Although he was ill, he was living his best life. He left behind a great body of work." Chad died on the observance of Jackie Robinson Day, seven years after playing the role of Jackie Robinson in the movie "42." Every major league player wore the number 42 in Robinson's honor. Major League Baseball and the Los Angeles Dodgers, Jackie Robinson's former team, issued statements honoring Boseman and remembering Robinson's portrayal. People from all different walks of life, including entertainers, educators, politicians, and others such as Oprah Winfrey, Denzel Washington, Angela Bassett, the former President of the United States Barack Obama, and first lady, and Michelle Obama, and many more, paid tribute to Chadwick Boseman on television and social media. Touching Tribute One of the most touching tributes came from his Black Panther co-star, Michael B. Jordan. Jordan posted a social media message about Boseman’s passing, repeating a mournful mantra: “I wish we had more time.” His full post reads:

The post added that it was "the honor of his career" to play King T'Challa in "Black Panther." “I’ve been trying to find the words, but nothing comes close to how I feel. I’ve been reflecting on every moment, every conversation, every laugh, every disagreement, every hug…everything. “I wish we had more time. “One of the last times we spoke, you said we were forever linked, and now the truth of that means more to me than ever. Since nearly the beginning of my career, starting with ‘All My Children’ when I was 16-years-old, you paved the way for me. You showed me how to be better, honor purpose and create legacy. And whether you’ve known it or not … I’ve been watching, learning and constantly motivated by your greatness. “I wish we had more time. “Everything you’ve given the world … the legends and heroes that you’ve shown us we are … will live on forever. But the thing that hurts the most is that I now understand how much of a legend and hero YOU are. Through it all, you never lost sight of what you loved most. You cared about your family, your friends, your craft, your spirit. You cared about the kids, the community, our culture and humanity. You cared about me. You are my big brother, but I never fully got a chance to tell you, or to truly give you your flowers while you were here. “I wish we had more time. “I'm more aware now than ever that time is short with people we love and admire. I’m gonna miss your honesty, your generosity, your sense of humor, and incredible gifts. I’ll miss the gift of sharing space with you in scenes. I’m dedicating the rest of my days to live the way you did. With grace, courage and no regrets. ‘Is this your king!?’ Yes. he. is! Rest In Power Brother.” Wakanda Forever In his former hometown of South Carolina, flags flew at half-staff on August 30, 2020, to honor him. Chadwick Boseman: gone, but not forgotten. Boseman: A Great Man, Great Actor, and Global Icon. His legacy will live on in generations to come. Rest in peace, our King. We love you. Wakanda Forever. l

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CONVERSATIONS

Pandemics, Politics and the Impact of Women In Leadership Roles

espite enormous strides in business, government and other areas, women don’t always get the respect men do for their leadership abilities, even when they can boast greater accomplishments. But the combination of a pandemic, a recession and an election that 2020 brought could be the impetus for changing the way people view women and their leadership styles, a development that many would argue is long overdue, says Andi Simon, a corporate anthropologist, and author of the upcoming book Rethink: Smashing the Myths of Women in Business. “It’s time we started seeing women leaders through a fresh lens,” Simon says. “When we do, we will all benefit from their styles and their successes.” Because presidential candidate Joe Biden picked U.S. Sen. Kamala Harris as his running mate, the country potentially could have its first female vice president on Jan. 20, 2021. Meanwhile, around the world, many countries led by women have fared better during the COVID-19 pandemic than those led by men, with New Zealand’s Jacinda Ardern, Germany’s Angela

Kamala Harris

Merkel and Taiwan’s Tsai Ing-Wen among those being hailed for their strong leadership. Simon says anyone surprised women have what it takes to emerge as great leaders may have fallen for myths that surround both men and women when it comes to taking charge. “Men communicate a myth about women that emphasizes their soft sides, their kindness, and their weakness, not their decisiveness, strength and ingenuity,” she says. “Women might lead differently, but they can and are achieving remarkable results through collaboration, coordination, and creative communication, as opposed to the command-andcontrol methods men often employ.”

Simon offers a few observations about women, leadership and where things could be headed: Research shows women score better on leadership qualities. Research published last year in the Harvard Business Review showed that, over several surveys that asked the same questions, women ranked higher than men on almost all key factors measuring leadership capabilities. “Managers, even male managers, saw women as more effective than men in virtually every area, including areas typically viewed as male strongholds such as IT, operations and legal,” Simon says. Women ranked high in taking initiative, acting with resilience, practicing selfdevelopment, driving for results, and showing high integrity and honesty. More female mentors and role models will mean more female leaders. As more women gain leadership roles, the number of women in such roles will build on itself, Simon says. ““The script on women changing male-dominated workplace culture is still being written,” she says. “But one thing is for sure: The more women become leaders and assume positions of authority, the more they can help other women on their way up.”

An anthropological approach can help. Simon is both a business consultant and an anthropologist, and she believes mixing the two is beneficial. “My career advice for women in leadership roles is to be a little anthropological when you are trying to find your own way in your job or business,” she says. “Do some observational research. Experience your product or service from your customer's point of view, or your employees' point of view. You'll be amazed at what you discover, and the innovative ideas that come to you for solving unmet needs.” “Our cultural biases lead us to believe that something created by a woman is not as good as something created by a man,” Simon says. “For us to see the work of women as at least equal to that of men, those biases must change. The question for all of us is: Can we change them?”l Andi Simon, Ph.D. has been on Good Morning, America and Bloomberg, and is widely published in the Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Forbes, Business Week, Becker’s, and American Banker, among others. She has been a guest blogger for Forbes.com, Huffington Post, and Fierce Health.

Available at Amazon.com

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ELECTIONS 2020

Biden’s Long Foreign-Policy Record Signals How He’ll Reverse Trump, Rebuild Old Alliances and Lead the Pandemic Response torial behavior in the South China Sea and toward Taiwan, and condemned its repression of Hong Kong and the much abused Uighur Muslim minority in Xinjiang. Still, analysts predict he would seek more professional and constructive relations with China than the Trump White House. Biden knows Xi and has worked with him before.

BY PROF. KLAUS W. LARRES, PH.D. THE CONVERSATION

ven without a flashy virtual Democratic National Convention to formally introduce his presidential campaign, Joe Biden would be well known worldwide. He was U.S. president Barack Obama’s second-incommand for eight years and sat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee for decades, chairing it for several years. Yet for all Biden’s foreign policy credentials – which several Convention speakers cited in their endorsements – his international agenda remains somewhat opaque. How would a President Biden face the disjointed and radically different world order left by his predecessor? Here’s my projection, based on Biden’s long track record in global politics and my many years of teaching, studying and practicing international diplomacy. Joe Biden, internationalist As vice president, Biden’s relationships with world leaders were based on personal chemistry and empathy, enriched by his often rambling anecdotes. Dating back to the early years of Chinese president Xi Jinping’s tenure, for example, Biden took many walks and held private dinners in an effort to get Xi to open up. He identified the Chinese leader’s nationalistic and authoritarian instincts, which helped to shape Obama’s China policy. But this is no longer the Obama era. If elected, Biden would need new approaches to demonstrate that the U.S. can be a responsible world power. Biden’s campaign has over 2,000 foreign policy advisers divided into some 20 working groups, each focusing on major international issues such as arms control, the environment, intelligence and regions. Among those slated for high-level posts in his administration are former Deputy Secretary of State Tony Blinken, former National Security Advisor Susan Rice and several other veteran diplomats. While presidents don’t always listen to their advisers, this team is a signal that Biden believes in a multilateral, deliberate foreign policy. They include globalists and isolationists, liberal interventionists and doves. First up: Undoing Trump’s foreign policy Biden has been all of those things, by turns, in his long career. When Russia

Joe Biden. Editorial credit: Pix_Arena / Shutterstock.com

annexed Crimea in 2014, Biden wanted to send weapons to help Ukraine defend itself. Yet he was among the lone voices in Obama’s administration to oppose a troop surge in Afghanistan. One constant, though, is Biden’s strong belief in engaging with the world. He would likely erase and reverse many of Trump’s isolationist policies if elected. Biden has promised to rejoin the 2015 Paris Climate Accord, the World Health Organization and other international agencies shunned by Trump. Biden has also announced that he will undo Trump’s Muslim immigrant ban and stop work on the U.S.-Mexico border wall – both policies congressional Democrats fiercely opposed. As every past Democratic president has done, Biden plans to reverse the socalled “global gag rule,” which forbids using U.S. foreign assistance funds for abortion-related services. Research shows this rule doesn’t reduce abortions worldwide – it just makes them more dangerous. Biden is also likely to reverse Trump’s abdication of U.S. leadership in the coronavirus pandemic. During the 2009 swine flu pandemic, Biden was among those who pushed the Obama administration to release stockpiled vaccines and other emergency equipment and was the point person for getting additional funding from Congress. Next up: Rebuilding America’s relationships Biden’s internationalism indicates he would move quickly to reconstruct the United States’ badly ruptured relations with many allies, including NATO, the European Union and Germany, a country Trump has criticized. During the Obama years, Biden worked with the Europeans to coordinate policies

countering Russian aggression and pushed for the development of a common trans-Atlantic strategy toward trade and market access issues with China. Economists say reform of the global trading system is now long overdue. Helping the EU deal with Hungary and Turkey – two authoritarian countries, one located right in Europe’s heart and the other at its critical border with the Middle East - is another likely area of trans-Atlantic cooperation under Biden, an advocate of liberal democracy. As vice president, Biden had good relations with Turkey’s president Recep Erdogan. But recently he has become much more critical, calling him an “autocrat.” Russia and China One world leader Biden has never been charmed by: Vladimir Putin. “I am looking into your eyes,” Biden once told the Russian president, “and I don’t think you have a soul.” Putin’s military aggression toward Ukraine, his Syria campaign and his use of cyber espionage and disinformation strategies to interfere in other nations’ elections have frayed U.S.-Russia relations. Still, Biden – a longtime proponent of nuclear disarmament – says he would negotiate extending the last remaining Cold War disarmament treaty with Moscow, which expires in February 2021. China is one area of consensus between Biden and Trump. Democrats in general agree with Trump’s hard-line policy toward what he considers “unfair” Chinese trade policies, lack of market access and intellectual property protections. On the campaign trail, Biden has been highly critical of China’s assertive terri-

Engaging the Middle East Candidate Biden has promised to end America’s “forever wars” by continuing to withdraw American troops from Afghanistan and avoid reengaging in Iraq, Syria and other trouble spots. Early in his career, he believed in U.S. intervention. In 1993 Biden favored arming the Bosnian Muslims, which the Clinton administration declined to do, and he supported George W. Bush’s invasions of Afghanistan and, more reluctantly, Iraq after 9/11. As Obama’s vice president, however, Biden vacillated on U.S. military involvement abroad. He opposed intervention in Libya and wanted to replace soldiers in Afghanistan with drone warfare, while encouraging Obama to bomb Syria after the government used chemical weapons against civilians. A wholesale withdrawal from the Middle East under a Biden presidency is unlikely. He is attached to too many issues there, among them rethinking the U.S.‘s morally dubious alliance with Saudi Arabia and pushing for a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian crisis. Biden also hopes to reactivate the 2015 Iran nuclear deal he helped create – but with new geopolitical concessions required of Tehran. Biden has said that the United States has “an obligation to lead.” With his reputation for being a collaborative and principled politician, I expect his leadership would be welcomed by America’s allies – and perhaps even some of its foes. l Prof. Klaus W. Larres, Ph.D., is the Richard M. Krasno Distinguished Professor of History and International Affairs at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, NC. He has recently served as a Counselor and Senior Policy Adviser at the German Embassy in Beijing, China.

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