The Immigrant’s Journal - Vol. 158

The Immigrant’s Journal Vol. 158

A Journey for a Better Life & Justice

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Protecting God’s Children From Distant Lands 26 Court Street, Suite 701, Brooklyn, NY 11242

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February 24, 2022

Email: immjournal @aol.com

The Dignity Act Could Signal Increasing Support for Immigration Reform on Capitol Hill

BY JEREMY ROBBINS IMMIGRATIONIMPACT.COM

Editorial credit: lev radin / Shutterstock.com

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iami Rep. Maria Elvira Salazar, a freshman Republican from Florida’s 27th Congressional District, last week introduced an immigration reform bill that she calls the “Dignity Act.” Rep. Salazar claims the bill will both halt undocumented immigration to the United States and provide a “dignified solution” to the legal status of the more than 10.3 million undocumented immigrants already living in this country.

Though a new level of Republican support for immigration reform—in an elec-

Mayor Adams, NYC Health + Hospitals Expand Access to Lifestyle Medicine Services City-Wide ....18

Editorial credit: Chad Zuber / Shutterstock.com

tion year no less—is certainly a noteworthy and potentially positive sign, the Dignity Act would require significant modifications to achieve Salazar’s stated objectives.

The 484-page bill does include a potential pathway to U.S. citizenship for

undocumented immigrants who are already here. But it seems highly doubtful that the conditions required for that pathway to become active—like a 90% apprehension rate at the border—will ever be met. continued on page 15

Real Estate Pullout: Divorce and Foreclosure and more! Pages 11-14

Understanding Financial Infidelity and Its Effect on Relationships ....6

Gender and Sexual Exploitation of Women Immigrants

BY LINDA NWOKE SPECIAL TO THE JOURNAL

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he European Institute for Gender Equality describes sexual exploitation as any attempt or actual abuse of someone's position of vulnerability, trust, or less power, for sexual purposes, bringing about social, political, or monetary gain by the perpetrator. Sexual exploitation exists in various forms, including prostitution (window, brothels, and street prostitution), pornography, strip clubs/bars,

escort services, massage parlors, and modeling agencies. Most times, women and girls are the victims. A report by the Pan-American Health Organization identifies sexual exploitation as one of the reasons for the trafficking of women and children.

A report by the Pan-American Health Organization, identifies sexual exploitation as one of the reasons for the trafficking of women and children, and central to this act of exploitation by the perpetrators are deception, and greed. continued on page 16

Support Nail Salon Workers and the New York Healthy Nail Salons Coalition .... 21

Brian Figeroux, Esq.

Putting Your Affairs In Order ....20

Immigrant Advocates Rallied Across New York State for Passage of Passage of Coverage for All Bill....8

IN THE NEWS

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The Board of Immigration Appeals Will Now Provide the Public with Access to Its Unpublished Decisions

BY RAUL PINTO

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mmigrants and their representatives will gain access to decisions of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) that were not publicly available. As a result of a settlement of a lawsuit filed by the Public Citizen Litigation Group on behalf of New York Legal Assistance Group, the BIA has agreed to post unpublished decisions in a virtual reading room available on the BIA’s website.

The decisions will be available beginning October 15.

This settlement could give immigrants and attorneys needed insight into how the BIA might rule on their cases.

The parties to the lawsuit agreed on a schedule of when the BIA will be required to post both past and future decisions. For example, the BIA will need to post 50% of its past decisions by July 15, 2026, and all its past decisions

by July 15, 2027. In limited circumstances, however, the BIA may still exempt certain decisions from disclosure, like in a situation where the identity of the individual subject to the decision would be revealed even with redactions.

When deciding cases that have been appealed by the government or immigrants facing removal, the BIA authors decisions that are published and become precedent for the BIA and immigration courts across the country. More commonly, however, the BIA issues decisions that are unpublished and are nonprecedential. This means that even though these unpublished decisions are binding on the parties, they are not binding on future immigration courts. From 2012 to 2016, the BIA issued 30,000 decisions per year and only designated about 30 per year as precedential.

Though these decisions don’t establish precedent, they are extremely important in assisting immigration attorneys determine how an immigration judge or the BIA may rule on certain issues. The unpublished cases include factors the BIA considers in making decisions and can help identify issues that may be ripe for litigation. Until now, the BIA has not made its unpublished decisions available.

Back in February 2021, the plaintiff in this lawsuit received a favorable decision from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the

Second Circuit. It ruled that people could sue the government under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) to force agencies to proactively post certain legal opinions on agency websites. Commonly known as the “reading room” provisions of FOIA, the statute states that agencies must make certain documents available for public inspection. Agencies usually comply with the law by creating virtual reading rooms or libraries on their websites to give the public access to the type of documents described in the law.

The preceding litigation in the case was closely watched by advocates who support broader access to government documents through the FOIA’s reading room provisions. The Second Circuit’s decision in NYLAG v. BIA clarified that when a plaintiff wins a lawsuit to enforce the FOIA’s reading room provisions, the agency must publish the government’s documents that are subject to the reading room provisions. The most useful method of accomplishing this is through virtual reading rooms.

The Second Circuit differed from an earlier decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. In CREW v.

U.S. Department of Justice, the D.C. Circuit held that agencies are under no obligation to post these types of documents in their virtual reading rooms. The D.C. Circuit ruled that the documents only had to be made available to the party that sued the agency and not the public more broadly.

The BIA’s settlement in this case presents an important victory not only to the plaintiffs, but also to immigrants who now may be able to discern clues of how their cases could be decided at the appellate level. Additionally, the February 2021 win on the type of remedy available is vital in the fight for greater transparency, forcing the government to release key legal opinions through agencies’ publicly accessible virtual reading rooms. l

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TIME FOR ACTION

Why USCIS’ New Mission Statement Is So Crucial

BY WENDY FELIZ

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.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) unveiled a new mission statement this week, signaling an important shift in how the agency wants to tell its story and shape its priorities ahead.

On February 8, USCIS Director Ur Jaddou announced the agency’s new mission.

“USCIS upholds America’s promise as a nation of welcome and possibility with fairness, integrity, and respect for all we serve.”

Director Jaddou said the new mission statement reflects staff feedback, Biden administration priorities, and her vision for an inclusive and accessible agency.

But it’s more than that. The new mission statement signals a shift in narrative as it begins to tell a new story about the role USCIS wants to play in American life.

It is understandable that a mission statement rework may not feel satisfying to those who have suffered under unimaginable backlogs and questionable customer service for years. But if you think about the dominant narratives shaping the immigration agency’s work over the past twenty years, it is incredibly important. When you look back, it becomes clear how the agency got here.

When the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was founded after 9/11,

the U.S. government placed 22 of its agencies under the DHS umbrella. These agencies, including what is now USCIS, became responsible for protecting Americans and securing the homeland.

With the birth of DHS came a new mandate and a new narrative for the agencies under its direction.

Overall, this “protection and security” narrative has translated into the U.S. government treating nearly every foreign-born person entering the United States as a potential threat.

Legacy Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), part of which became USCIS —an immigration benefits processing agency—was folded into DHS’ law-enforcement regime. Little surprise that since then, the “protection and security” narrative of DHS began seeping in to USCIS mission statements and poli-

cies. The agency became more focused on enforcement and “extreme vetting” than processing benefits, ensuring a good customer service experience, and working to make the United States a more welcoming place for aspiring Americans.

This has resulted in aggressive bureaucratic barriers that have hindered even regular flows of migration.

It’s clear that narrative shifts and mission statements have consequences and can spur action.

To have one of the key immigration agencies of DHS announce that it is advancing a welcoming narrative to ensure that those who seek immigration benefits are treated with fairness, integrity, and respect is a massive shift.

To be sure, it will not result in a quick elimination of long wait times and backlogs. But beginning to recast the agency’s vision and the expectations of how it treats its customers is an incredibly important starting point. If the agency can maintain its focus on this mission, we could see major shifts in their policies and practices ahead.

It has always been true that words matter, and that ideas and actions flow from them. This has proven true repeatedly.

We also now have a mission statement from USCIS that can be used to measure its progress up against.

This is a win and a crucial step forward.l

LIRS Calls on the Biden Admin to Designate TPS for Cameroon

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ashington D.C.: Lutheran Immigration and Refugee Service joins the Cameroon Advocacy Network in calling on the Biden administration to issue Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for Cameroon, which would prevent Cameroonian asylum seekers in the United States from being deported to their home country amid active armed conflict, massive displacement, and humanitarian crisis.

The following is a statement from Krish O'Mara Vignarajah, President and CEO of Lutheran Immigration and Refugee Service: “It is long past time for the Biden

administration to protect Cameroonians in the United States who live in fear of deportation. Extending protections to our Cameroonian friends and neighbors is a moral imperative. We call on Secretary of Homeland Security Mayorkas to use his authority to designate Cameroon for TPS. Designation of TPS is a critical step, not only in protecting Cameroonians, but in addressing racial inequality in our immigration system more broadly. LIRS continues to call on the Biden administration to examine and redress anti-Black immigrant and refugee policy in order to protect the safety and security of Black

Editorial credit: Bob Korn / Shutterstock.com

immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers in the United States.” l

TEAM Publisher I.Q. INC. Legal Advisor Brian Figeroux, Esq. Managing Editor & Editor-in-Chief Pearl Phillip Senior Writer Linda Nwoke Graphic & Website Designers Praim Samsoondar Kendrick Williams Anvar Sabirov Email immjournal@aol.com Visit www.ijlef.org www.falaw.us www.cawnyc.com Volunteering at THE IMMIGRANT'S JOURNAL LEGAL & EDUCATIONAL FUND, INC. Internship positions available throughout the year.

The Immigrant's Journal Legal & Educational Fund, Inc. is an organization dedicated to the educational and economic empowerment of all immigrants and immigrant organizations here in the United States. We at the Journal recognize the enormous contribution of immigrants to this country economically, socially and politically. Since September 11, 2001, however, immigrants have increasingly been discriminated against and Congress has passed legislation curtailing the rights of immigrants here in the U.S., broadly claiming that immigrants are a threat to ''National Security.'' We at the Journal believe that these charges are unfounded, unsubstantiated and exaggerated.

The Immigrant's Journal Volunteer Intern Program was introduced to give our volunteers the opportunity to work in an immigrant friendly environment while developing the necessary skills for college or law school. They assist our staff in resolving immigration and other legal concerns through personal interviews, radio, email and telephone contact. They also assist the public with citizenship applications and in researching whether or not children of naturalized U.S. citizens have derived citizenship from their parents. Some of our volunteers assist our legal staff by engaging in legal research and writing letters on other legal issues. Volunteer interns are also assigned various other jobs in our Youth Programs.

Hours are flexible. Email your cover letter and resume or any questions to immjournal@aol.com Tel: 718-243-9431

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Know Your Rights with ICE If approached by ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) agents, you have rights!

What can I do if ICE is at my door?

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You do not have to immediately open the door for ICE and you do not have to speak to ICE.

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From behind the closed door, you may ask them who they are and to show their badge, ID or business card through the window or peephole or to pass it under the closed door.

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You can ask if they have a judicial warrant:

If they say No, you do not have to let them in.

You may say, “I do not want to speak with you.”

If they say Yes, you can ask them to slide it under the door. To know if it is a judicial warrant, look to see who signed the warrant.

A judicial warrant is a warrant from a court, signed by a judge. For example, judge signatures may have “Honorable/Hon.” “Judge” “Justice” or “Magistrate” in front of them.

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In an emergency, such as a threat to public safety or a threat to someone’s life, ICE can come in without asking your permission. If this happens, you still do not have to speak to ICE.

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If ICE is looking for someone, you do not need to speak. If you choose to speak, you can ask ICE to leave contact information. While you do not need to tell ICE where the person is located, providing false information puts you at risk.

What can I do if ICE is inside my home?

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If ICE enters your home without your permission, you can tell them clearly: “I do not consent to you being in my home. Please leave.” Saying this may not always stop them, but it may help any future legal case.

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If ICE starts to search rooms or items in your home, you can tell them, “I do not consent to your search.” You can continue to repeat this if they continue to search without consent.

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You can tell them if there are children or other vulnerable residents in your home.

What can I do if ICE stops me on the street or in public?

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Before you say anything, you can ask, “Am I free to go?”

If they say Yes: you can say,

“I don’t want to answer your questions”

If they say No: you can say,

“I want to remain silent.”

If ICE agents try to search your pockets or belongings, you can say, “I do not consent to a search.”

If they search you anyway, you cannot physically stop them, but clearly saying it may be important in any future legal case.

This fact sheet gives only general information.

It is not legal advice. Consult an attorney for legal advice.

Call 855-768-8845 for a FREEEnglish Immigration Consultation

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CIVIL RIGHTS

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Workers Power Day in Solidarity with Starbucks, Amazon, All Workers Organizing!

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tarbucks workers are leading an electrifying drive to organize the major coffee chain, often with several stores announcing they’re joining this growing movement every day.

From coast to coast and globally, Amazon workers are organizing to build workers’ power at one of the world’s largest and most oppressive corporations.

Amazon workers in Staten Island recently filed to hold union elections at two warehouses. The majority Black Amazon workers in Bessemer, Alabama are engaged in their second union campaign, after the results of the first were tossed out by the National Labor Relations Board based on Amazon’s egregious union busting campaign – which the company still continues in earnest in Bessemer, Staten Island, and elsewhere.

This recent explosion of union organizing efforts and strikes across the U.S. follows the massive global anti-racist mobilizations in response to the execution of George Floyd by Minneapolis police in 2020. People hit the streets and the movement for Black Lives galvanized many young working class and oppressed people demonstrating against police brutality and systemic racism.

Both the revival of the labor movement and the movement against white

supremacy are intrinsically connected as working class issues. It is no coincidence that Starbucks reacted to their workers’ growing union drive by firing organizers in Memphis, Tennessee where Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr was assassinated in 1968 while supporting the union struggle of predominantly Black sanitation workers.

That historic Memphis strike began on Feb. 12, 1968.

Feb. 26 marks the 10 year anniversary of the heinous murder of Trayvon Martin in Sanford, Florida. Police and racist vigilantes continue to murder and terrorize Black, Brown and Indigenous communities, LGBTQ+ people, and immigrants, while bosses use racism at our jobs to divide us and extract more profit from our labor.

Workers Power Day, called for Feb. 26, will uplift the life of Trayvon Martin and countless stolen lives to say clearly: Black Lives Matter!

Historically, police have served as strike-breakers when companies fail to successfully break union mobilizations by other means. Corporations engaged in vicious racist union busting operations – Amazon, Starbucks and many others – exercise their influence over the state to utilize police to repress workers and maintain white supremacy.

After nearly three years of the COVID19 pandemic, workers are increasingly stepping out and fighting back. While corporations rake in record profits and a narrowing number of centi-billionaires, including Amazon owner Jeff Bezos, watch their wealth skyrocket, nearly one million U.S. workers have been left to die by a government and healthcare system that cares more for profits than people.

Millions more workers have had to work in unsafe conditions, risked exposure to themselves or their families, lost their jobs, been evicted from their homes, or have had their communities terrorized by the police and Immigration and Customs Enforcement. This crisis has hit Black and other workers of color, im/migrants, women, gender oppressed, disabled and trans workers particularly hard.

New fighting spirit taking hold! At companies big and small, workers are

organizing, going on strike, and exercising their power as workers. From gig workers to domestic workers, tech workers to factory workers, im/migrant workers to sex workers, a new fighting spirit is taking hold.

From Oakland, California to New York City, education workers are fighting against the closure and privatization of public schools. There is growing recognition that every issue is a worker's issue, whether it’s a struggle on the job, the fight against white supremacy, struggles for reproductive justice, the fight against gentrification, demands for immigrant justice, mass incarceration or opposition to more U.S. wars.

This growing workers’ movement has the potential to be transformative and global.

We encourage you to hold actions on February 26 – Workers Power Day – to unite and show solidarity with these many struggles and connect with local struggles in your area. Actions could be organized at Whole Foods or other Amazon locations, a Starbucks, or another location of significance.

Fight racism and union busting!

Solidarity with Starbucks, Amazon, and all workers organizing!

Black Lives Matter!l

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FAMILY MATTERS

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Understanding Financial Infidelity and Its Effect on Relationships

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nfidelity and deception can take many forms in a relationship, including some that have nothing to do with romance at all. One example is financial infidelity, where deceptions are reported in nearly half of relationships where finances are combined.

Among people who have combined finances with a partner, 2 in 5 (43%) confessed to committing an act of financial deception in a current or past relationship, according to a survey conducted by the National Endowment for Financial Education (NEFE). What’s more, 85% of those who reported a financial deception acknowledged the indiscretion affected the relationship in some way.

“When you comingle finances in a relationship, you’re consenting to cooperation and transparency in your money management,” said Billy Hensley, Ph.D., president and CEO of NEFE. “Regardless of the severity of the act, financial deception can cause tremendous strain on couples – it leads to arguments, a breakdown of trust and, in some cases, separation or even divorce.”

bined finances said they feared disapproval by their partner given discussions of finances had already occurred while 27% feared disapproval by a partner in a relationship where discussions about finances had not yet occurred.

by one partner in a relationship where finances are combined. Examples include hiding purchases, money or accounts, or lying about the amount of income earned and debt owed.

More than one-third (39%) of U.S. adults who have combined finances in a current or past relationship admitted to hiding a purchase, bank account, statement, bill or cash from their partner, and about 1 in 5 (21%) admitted to lying to a partner or spouse about finances, the amount of debt they owe or the amount of money they earn.

Understanding Financial Infidelity Financial infidelity is an act of deception

Reasons for Financial Deception A lack of communication and conflicting

life or financial values may often be the root causes of financial deception, but U.S. adults also revealed other reasons for deceit with money. More than onethird (38%) said even though they are in a committed relationship, they believe some aspects of their finances should remain private. Meanwhile, another 33% were embarrassed or fearful about their finances and didn’t want their partner to know.

Fear of disapproval by a partner is also a powerful force, regardless of whether financial discussions are happening in the relationship. For example, 34% of U.S. adults who admitted to financial deception in a relationship with com-

How Financial Deception Affects Couples Like other forms of infidelity, financial cheating can wreak havoc on a relationship, including arguments, loss of trust, less privacy, separating combined finances and even divorce. However, those who have been there offered some insight into positive repercussions, too, such as growing closer together and learning to communicate proactively.

Signs of Financial Infidelity You may discover your partner is cheating financially when you come across a receipt or piece of paper indicating a purchase you don’t recognize or find your partner defensive or withdrawn in conversations about money. A deceptive partner may attempt to intercept bills via mail or email before you see them or continued on page 7

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FAMILY MATTERS

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USCIS Issues Guidance on Informal Marriages for Derivative Refugee and Asylee Status

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.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services’ Refugee, Asylum and International Operations Directorate (RAIO) announced guidance recognizing that a spousal relationship may exist for the purpose of obtaining derivative refugee or asylee status, in certain circumstances, if there is evidence of an informal marriage. This guidance applies to the adjudication of a pending or newly filed Form I-589, Application for Asylum and for Withholding of Removal; Form I-590, Registration for Classification as Refugee; and Form I730, Refugee/Asylee Relative Petition.

This guidance does not apply to any other form types, including Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative.

USCIS is returning to its prior interpretation of the place-of-celebration rule and will recognize in certain circumstances that a spousal relationship may be evidenced by an informal marriage for the

Editorial credit: Joseph Sorrentino / Shutterstock.com

purpose of adjudicating derivative refugee and asylee claims.

Historically, USCIS has recognized informal marriages or camp marriages in certain circumstances for the purpose of refugee adjudications due to the unique and humanitarian nature of refugee status.

Effective immediately, USCIS officers will recognize a derivative refugee or asylee if there is evidence of an informal marriage where the spouses were unable to have their marriage legally recognized in the place of celebration because of their flight from persecution and circumstances beyond their control, or due to restrictive laws or practices in their country of origin or country of first asylum. The marriage must meet all other legal requirements, excepting the place of celebration rule, for the marriage to qualify for the benefit requested. l

Financial Infidelity/ continued from page 6 remove the itemization of purchases on bills.

Coming Clean: How to Recover from Financial Deception Whether you’ve caught your partner cheating when it comes to money, or you’re the one in the spotlight after making some financial transgressions, there are some steps you can take together to rebuild trust.

1. Be realistic in your expectations. Understand successfully rebuilding trust will take time, sustained transparency and commitment to shared goals and increased communication.

2. Commit to open communication. While the conversations may be stressful, the key is to focus on understanding why the financial deception occurred and what you can do, together, moving forward.

“When 2 in 5 people admit to committing financial deception in a relationship where money is combined, it highlights the need for greater communication and a deeper understanding of who your partner is financially,” Hensley said.

3. Create goals and ground rules together. Finding areas of compromise can help you get on the path toward rebuilding trust. That might mean having separate personal accounts while maintaining a joint account for household expenses, or you might create separate accounts completely with each of you paying an equitable share of household expenses.

You could also establish guidelines you can both abide by, such as agreeing that neither will make a large purchase, such as items over $100, without discussing it together.

(Family Features)l

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IMMIGRANT CONCERNS

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Hundreds of Immigrant Advocates Rallied Across New York State for Passage of Passage of Coverage for All Bill

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ew York, NY: On Friday 18, immigrant advocates held rallies in New York City, Long Island and Yonkers demanding for state lawmakers to pass Coverage for All. The legislation would create a state-funded health coverage option for all New Yorkers with income up to 200% of the federal poverty line regardless of immigration status. Earlier this month, the Coverage for All bill(A880A/S1572A) passed in both Senate and Assembly Health committees.

At the rallies, immigrants eligible under the legislation spoke about their struggles without access to healthcare before and during the pandemic; while elected officials and community leaders called on the need for Governor Hochul to include the legislation in this year’s state budget - highlighting how the pandemic has exposed inequities in healthcare coverage.

Today’s demonstrations follow a similar rally in Harlem last week and a Thursday Facebook Live event where Western and Central New York healthcare and agricultural workers spoke about living with long COVID and chronic health issues without insurance.

Last month, the New York Immigration Coalition (NYIC) launched an ad campaign across TV and digital platforms in response to Governor Hochul leaving out healthcare for immigrant New Yorkers from her official executive budget proposal.

“I have been in the United States for 12 years working year-round on an apple farm in the Finger Lakes region, and I have to pay out of pocket for my health care costs which are too expensive for me alone. Although I pay taxes I don’t have access to medical coverage because of my immigration status. When I need medical care, I have to make the decision if I will seek it or not, but the pain becomes too unbearable so then I have no other choice but to keep paying in the thousands of dollars,” said Impacted Person Beatriz, Apple Farmworker, Fingerlakes Region/WNY. “We have families we support in Mexico…It’s unfortunate because we do not have the money to go to the doctor.

We have no resources to pay for these expensive bills… So that is why we are here to support #Coverage, which will give us a chance to receive coverage. It is only fair we receive medical care coverage because we provide so much to this country and we provide food on everyone’s table, so it benefits us all. I am here to ask legislators who have this power to make it better for all of us,” said Impacted Person Ismael, Livestock Farmworker, Fingerlakes Region/WNY. “In my last job as a nanny in 2018, I had an accidental fall. And was only given pain medication by my employer

Editorial credit: New York Immigration Coalition

and told to go lie down and rest awhile.

Since then, I have been experiencing endless complications, some including walking, sitting, and standing for long periods and feeling enormous pains. Sometimes I use a walking cane, which was not given to me by medical professionals, but I use it anyway because it is useful at times. If I had access to health care, without hesitation I would have gotten the help I needed. Domestic workers are essential workers and we should be able to gain access to quality health care for all; especially when accidents happen in the workplace. Passing Coverage for All will transform the lives of the hundreds of thousands of my domestic worker sisters across New York, where we will no longer have to decide between taking care of ourselves or taking care of others,” said Sandra, Domestic Worker, Bronx.

“Immigrant New Yorkers play a crucial role in keeping our communities moving.

These essential workers helped keep communities across New York safe during the pandemic, often putting themselves and their families at risk. In a state that thrives on the diversity that other cultures bring, we must ensure that all people who call New York home have access to lifesaving healthcare. As the daughter of an immigrant, I call on my colleagues in the legislature to support #Coverage4All to allow all New Yorkers to obtain insurance coverage, regardless of immigration status. We must treat these workers with the respect and the dignity they deserve,” said State Senator Samra Brouk.

“Fighting for a just recovery from the pandemic is not just rhetoric, it looks like passing bills like Coverage For All. We saw that the Excluded Workers Fund pumped money into every corner of our state, allowing workers to pay off debts of all kinds, particularly medical debt.

Passing Coverage For All and Excluded No More will put immigrant New Yorkers in a better place than they were before the pandemic, which, in turn, is good for the entire state,” said State Senator Jessica Ramos. “If we have

learned anything, it is that the best public health defense we have is a safety net that doesn’t let anyone fall through.

We’re going to start with Coverage For All to cover the most vulnerable, then continue the fight for single-payer statewide.”

"I’m a proud co-sponsor of the Coverage for All bill. Opening up health coverage to all New Yorkers has no downside. The more people who are insured, the less of a burden there is on the entire health care system. And nobody should have to decide between paying the rent or buying groceries and getting medical treatment that they need.

Let’s have New York once again be a leader in equity and access,” said Assemblymember Chris Burdick.

"At the New York State Democratic Convention last night, Democratic leaders missed another opportunity to show their support for New York’s immigrant communities. Immigrants are the backbone of New York and deserve full access to basic services like healthcare.

I’m proud to co-sponsor A880, the Coverage for All bill, to expand state health insurance coverage to all immigrants in New York, regardless of immigration status. I urge Governor Hochul to include Coverage for All in the executive budget, and for my colleagues in the Assembly to include it in the one-house resolution so we can help get this bill across the finish line. Thank you to Make the Road New York, Health Care for All New York, and New York Immigration Coalition for organizing today’s rally and fighting everyday for our immigrant communities,’ said Assemblymember Jessica Gonzalez-Rojas.

"Last year, our state negotiated a budget amidst a global pandemic, and we won the first tax increase on the ultra-rich in over a decade and the largest increase in recent memory. We are in the third year of a global pandemic, and many New Yorkers, especially those who are essential to our communities and daily services, continue to suffer from the impacts of COVID-19 and the inequities of our institutions. We need to establish perma-

nent programs and extend high-quality, fully state-funded health care to all working-class New Yorkers – especially to the hundreds of thousands of our neighbors who are ineligible because of their immigration status. As a state, it is our responsibility to ensure every individual has the right to healthcare and dignity,” said Assemblymember Marcela Mitaynes.

"The hundreds of thousands of undocumented people in New York are one-car crash or terrible fall away from a hospital bill that could ruin their lives. The thousands of our undocumented neighbors without access to healthcare is a moral failing of our state,” said Council Member Shahana Hanif.” As someone who lives with an incurable chronic illness, my healthcare impacts every decision I make. I consider myself lucky to have health insurance because I know this struggle would be virtually impossible without it. The Coverage For All legislation is the best plan we have to ensure thousands of our neighbors can get the care they need immediately and consistently without the threat of bankruptcy.

Healthcare is a human right, and our undocumented neighbors deserve it just like anyone else."

“Despite being at the frontlines throughout this pandemic, thousands of low-income immigrant New Yorkers are struggling with the long-term consequences of lack of access to comprehensive care, making life harder than ever.

Every New Yorker deserves access to affordable health insurance, regardless of immigration status and today’s demonstrations are only the start of demanding that right. Governor Hochul can end this disparity in healthcare access by including Coverage for All in the budget. It is essential that all New Yorkers and their families are strong and safe,” said Murad Awawdeh, Executive Director, New York Immigration Coalition.

“If I had health insurance, I would be able to get a free preventative mammogram and cervical cancer screening, but instead I’m forced to pay hundreds of dollars and spend months waiting for an appointment. Thousands of immigrant New Yorkers like me, suffer in silence due to the lack of medical care, access to medication and essential lab work for our health. It is long-overdue for the Governor and legislature to include the Coverage for All legislation in the state budget to ensure all New Yorkers, regardless of immigration status, can have comprehensive and affordable health care insurance,” said Norberta G., Make the Road New York member and Yonkers resident.

"New York State families and children need health care coverage now! Help us pass "Coverage for All" so that all New Yorkers no matter their immigration stacontinued on page 9

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IMMIGRANTS’ CONCERNS

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Advocates Rallied/ continued from page 8 tus can afford to look after themselves and their families. Many essential workers who made it their business to take care of All while the pandemic was raging now need our voices to be heard on their behalf!,” said Helen Dorado-Alessi, Long Beach Latino Civic Association.

“Expanding healthcare coverage would greatly benefit the AAPI community we serve. Just within New York City, 13% of the AAPI population are undocumented.

Healthcare is a human right and all of our community members deserve access to it. The Coalition for Asian American Children and Families, the nation's only pan-Asian children and family policy advocacy organization, is a strong supporter of #CoverageforAll and believes Governor Hochul should include it in the budget this year,” said Medha Ghosh, Health Policy Coordinator at Coalition for Asian American Children + Families.

"Healthcare is a human right that should not be denied to anyone. Every resident of New York State deserves healthcare, regardless of immigration status,” said Soshana Hershkowitz, Long Island Social Justice Action Network.

"If Health is Wealth, and undocumented immigrants don't have access to total health care, how are we then supposed to build wealth?,” said Audu Kadiri, Community Organizer, African Communities Together.

Editorial credit: New York Immigration Coalition Editorial credit: New York Immigration Coalition

“Coverage for All will improve and expand access to essential and lifesaving healthcare for countless immigrants in New York State. This is a public health issue and will benefit all members of our community,” said Cheryl Keshner, Empire Justice Center.

“Immigrant, essential workers have been the backbone of our society throughout the pandemic. New York could not have gotten through the pandemic without the sweats and tears of our fellow immigrants. Healthcare is a basic human right and they deserve to access quality and affordable health coverage just as much as the rest of us. We ask our state legislators to make 2022 the year where all NY residents can apply for health insurance regardless of their

immigration status,” said Jessica Lee Program Manager, NY/NJ Healthcare Navigator Program Public Health and Research Center Korean Community Services of Metropolitan New York, Inc. "Access to comprehensive health coverage should not be determined by immigration status. Everyone should be able to see a doctor, get prescription drugs and take care of their health. #Coverage4All is the way forward,” said Rehan Mehmood, Director of Health Services, South Asian Council for Social Services.

"It is unconscionable that thousands of low-income New Yorkers statewide continue to not have access to affordable health insurance simply because of their immigration status. Many of these immigrant New Yorkers have carried us

through the pandemic as essential workers, yet they have been left behind. We know that access to health care coverage significantly improves well-being and saves lives. As we enter the third year of the pandemic and continue to rebuild and recover together, New York cannot afford to wait any longer to invest in the health of our immigrant families by passing #Coverage4All,” said Ella Nimmo, LMSW, Director of Community Programs & Development, Cabrini Immigrant Services of NYC. “Having access to affordable and quality healthcare is the right of every resident of New York, regardless of their immigration status. A healthy New York is a Wealthy New York! ‘Fund #Coverage4All!,” said Toyin Omolola, President and CEO, DSI International, Inc. l

Protect yourself, New York.

Get vaccinated.

Stay up to date with a booster.

Wear your mask.

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Eric Adams Mayor Dave A. Chokshi, MD, MSc Commissioner

JOBS & RECESSION

10

Goal for 2022: Become a Paralegal attorneys, opposing counsel, vendors, staff members, clients, and others. The work is varied, and each day brings new challenges.

BY THE CHAMBER COALITION

A

career as a paralegal (also known as a legal assistant) can be a wonderfully fulfilling profession. Paralegals perform legal, regulatory, and business-related research for lawyers working at their organization.

Most of the time, paralegals work for law offices, non-profits, corporations' legal departments, or courts. These professionals also provide legal support services to attorneys. They assist lawyers in filing motions, memoranda, pleadings, and briefs in various court systems and accompany lawyers to see clients and go to court. Here are five great things about being a paralegal: 1. Rise in Pay Paralegal compensation has risen steadily in the past decade. As paralegals perform a broader and more complex range of tasks (paralegals even represent clients in court in certain countries and administrative tribunals), their earnings continue to rise. The average paralegal salary hovers at around $50,000 per year, but paralegals often make more through bonuses. Overtime hours can also add significant cash to a paralegal's paycheck.

2. Explosive Employment Outlook The paralegal field is one of the fastestgrowing professions on the globe. The U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, predicts the employment of paralegals and legal assistants by over 25 percent, much faster than the average for all occupations. Among the factors driving this growth is client demand for cheaper, more efficient delivery of legal services. Since hourly rates charged by attorneys are typically double or triple the rates of paralegals for the same task, law firm economics mandates the increased use of paralegals to minimize costs. As a result, a paralegal career is one of the hottest non-lawyer jobs in the legal industry.

3. Easy Career Entry Unlike lawyers who must complete seven years of formal education and pass the bar exam to practice law, you can become a paralegal in as little as a few months of study.

4. Intellectual Challenge Paralegal work is intellectually challenging and involves a range of high-level skills. The most successful paralegals are problem-solvers and innovative thinkers.

Paralegals must become subject matter experts in their specialty areas and master legal procedure, research, drafting, and other skills. They must stay on top of ever-changing laws and new legal trends and developments while interfacing with

5. Rising Prestige As paralegals perform more complex and challenging work, paralegal prestige is rising. Paralegals are no longer simply lawyer's assistants; they assume corporate management roles, leadership roles in law firms, and entrepreneurial roles in independent paralegal businesses. Over the years, paralegals have transcended the image of glorified legal secretaries to become respected legal team members.

Ready to Take the Leap?

A career as a paralegal can be rewarding professionally and personally and offers a unique opportunity to help others; options vary, depending on the paralegal's practice area. Paralegals in the public interest sector help poor and disadvantaged segments of the population with legal issues ranging from protection from domestic abuse to assistance preparing wills. Ready to take the leap, the next step? Call us at 718-722-9217 or visit www.freeparalegal.org to complete your registration which includes payment.l

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No. 34

Landlords Wage Crusade Against ‘Good Cause’ Anti-Eviction Bill

BY CLIFFORD MICHEL, ADDITIONAL REPORTING BY JOSEFA VELASQUEZ, THE CITY

T

he real estate industry is pushing back on a state bill that would limit rent hikes and ensure lease renewals for over a million tenants — launching a house-tohouse phone campaign to rally the public against the protections.

A new group called Homeowners for an Affordable New York is calling city households and warning of dire consequences if the “Good Cause” antieviction measure becomes law.

After delivering the message warning of higher rents and higher property taxes, operators name the bill — A5573 — and offer to transfer the phone call directly to their state lawmaker’s office.

“We need to stop this bill,” said one operator who called Friday in

Dozens of housing advocates marched to Gov. Kathy Hochul’s Midtown office, Jan. 14, 2022.

Ben Fractenberg/THE CITY

Brooklyn to a landline in the district served

by Assemblymember and Brooklyn Democratic Party leader Rodneyse Bichotte. “May we connect you with Assemblymember Bichotte’s office?”

State lobbying records show the group retained lobbyist George Fontas last month, paying $1.4 million.

Homeowners for an Affordable New York filings with the state Joint Commission on Public Ethics don’t say who is bankrolling the phone calls. But in

its most recent monthly newsletter, the Rent Stabilization Association of NYC, a major landlord group, claimed credit for the effort along with “various statewide industry leaders,” calling it “one of the most robust public relations campaigns in the history of our industry.”

On Wednesday, after this story was first published, the group released a list of 14 members, which include: the Real Estate Board of New York, New York State Association of Realtors, New York State

Builders Association and the Small Property Owners of New York.

The group said it conducted polling on the issue late last year to craft the message. In addition to phone calls, RSA also plans to pay for mailers as well as digital and radio ads. The effort is expected to last at least until June, but RSA said in its newsletter: “Should we need to continue this effort beyond the end of the legislative session in June, our coalition is prepared to do that.”

Fontas referred calls to campaign spokesperson Ross M. Wallenstein, who provided a statement to THE CITY.

continued on page 3

Divorce and Foreclosure: What You Need to Know

BY VICTORIA FALK

W

hat do you do when "I do" turns into "I don't," and you can no longer stand to be in the presence of the person that you imagined you would spend the rest of your life with? You vowed to be together "…for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health…." However, the sight of this person now 'makes you sick,' and you wonder if things can get any worse.

Divorce becomes inevitable.

Divorce can be devastating, as two people who legally joined their lives together return to living separate lives.

Gone are the hopes and dreams of "forever," and in many cases, there may be a loss of income. As a result of divorce, individuals who enjoyed, in many cases, shared savings and shared living expenses are now faced with the challenge of maintaining a household without the same level benefit of financial

assistance from another person that was previously received. It may be a financial challenge for one spouse to purchase the house from the other or maintain the full responsibility of taking care of the homeowner's expenses on their own.

The relationship between the divorce rate and the foreclosure rate is evident, with the foreclosure rate increasing as the divorce rate increases. According to a study conducted by Citywide Home Loans, divorce is one of the most common foreclosure causes. "Frequently, divorce means that

one person is designated as responsible for making mortgage payments.

This can put financial stress on the individual making mortgage payments, especially if there are missed spousal support payments. The stress that the divorce process brings ( both emotional and financial), along with impaired communication, can also mean missed mortgage payments," found Citywide Home Loans.

However, divorce does not have to lead to foreclosure. There are things for the divorcing couple to consider.

According to AllLaw, "A couple going through foreclosure at the same time they are going through a divorce should be aware of several issues such as: Who is responsible for the remaining debt on the home? How will the debt be repaid? What will happen to the house?" They may decide that one spouse may 'become the sole owner' of the property, or if neither of them

continued on page 4

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2

EQUITY SMART REALTY

Do You Need an Agent? The Answer Is Yes!

tristian Phillip

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f you’ve bought or sold a house before, it may be tempting to decide to go through the process without the help of a real estate agent and their fee.

Know what you’re getting into before taking on this responsibility.

For both buyers and sellers, an agent is an important ally who can handle the paperwork and negotiating, which can get tricky, and make the process much less stressful for you. Here’s what to know when you’re considering an agent: Sellers Time Magazine reported that 90 percent of home sellers use a real estate agent.

The agent understands the market and

the appraisal process and can provide expert advice on how to move a home more quickly, how to market it effectively and more. Knowing market trends, they often are better able to negotiate the details of the contract. Your agent handles all of the walk-throughs and open houses as well, making them particularly helpful for sellers with inflexible work schedules.

If you’re not sure about your agent or having an agent at all, consider signing a short-term contract, so you can reevaluate how well the relationship is working.

Buyers An agent can help you find a lender, a

title company and an assessor and answer questions about the types of loans available, different down payment assistance programs in your area, how much you can afford based on your budget and the benefits and drawbacks of different neighborhoods, although many aren’t allowed to directly tell you yes or no about a neighborhood.

Agents also know what to look for when you’re walking through the house.

You may not notice a slight hump in the floor, but an experienced agent will and knows to ask the owner what caused it.

They know possible issues to look for and questions to ask depending on the neighborhood (traffic patterns, persistent noises, if a family of raccoons lives nearby, and what electricity usage is like).

Your agent works for you, so do your homework and find one you’re comfortable with. You can ask for recommendations and check online reviews. The buyer’s agent is paid through the sale of the home, not out of your pocket.

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3

KNOW YOUR RIGHTS ‘Good Cause’ Anti-Eviction Bill/ continued from page 1 “Homeowners for an Affordable New York is an organization working collaboratively with property owners advocating that policymakers ensure fair and equitable solutions to practical issues in housing and real estate that affect every single New Yorker, no matter where and how they live,” he wrote.

Local Laws Upstate The anti-eviction bill prevents tenants from being evicted by landlords for unpaid rent following an “unreasonable” rent increase, defined as exceeding 3% or 1.5 times the Consumer Price Index for the region. It also gives tenants the right to a lease renewal in most cases.

Progressive state lawmakers have introduced Good Cause bills in past sessions and gone nowhere.

But in recent years, Good Cause legislation has gained momentum. Recently, localities in New York State have passed their own Good Cause laws, including Poughkeepsie, Albany, Hudson and Newburgh. Other states, including California, have also passed their own versions of Good Cause, but typically with higher limits on rent increases than proposed in New York.

On Monday, Mayor Eric Adams said he supports the concept behind the bill, though he has not weighed in on the measure itself.

Dozens of politicians, most from New

Public Advocate Jumaane Williams, who is also running for governor, speaks at housing rally, Jan. 14, 2022. Ben Fractenberg/THE CITY

York City, came out in support of the bill in an open letter to Gov. Kathy Hochul in January.

Hochul hasn’t publicly opposed or come out in support of the bill. A spokesperson for the governor didn’t address where she currently stands, instead pointing to her broader record on housing, including pandemic aid.

“Governor Hochul has taken decisive action to protect tenants — from breaking the Emergency Rental Assistance logjam, to investing $25 million in free legal services for tenants, to proposing a series of bold, achievable measures in her Executive Budget that address longstanding housing inequities — including an additional $35 million for the Eviction Protection Legal Assistance Program,” said Jim Urso, a spokesperson for Hochul, in a statement.

“We will continue to work closely with the legislature and members of the advocacy community to protect vulnerable New Yorkers and keep tenants in their homes,” Urso continued.

Hochul’s lack of a stance on the issue puts her in between her two Democratic primary opponents, New York City Public Advocate Jumaane Williams, who supports the bill, and Rep. Tom Suozzi (D-L.I.), who opposes it.

Williams’ campaign said it was crucial that Good Cause become law.

“New York is on the brink of an eviction crisis now that the governor has allowed the moratorium to lapse, and Good Cause legislation will help protect tenants from wrongful evictions,” William Gerlich, a spokesperson for Williams, told THE CITY. “Last week Jumaane was upstate advocating for the importance of this legislation, and will continue to do so until the bill gets passed.”

Optimism in Senate State Sen. Julia Salazar (D-Brooklyn), who authored the bill, said that she doesn’t believe that the opposition campaign will slow down the bill’s likelihood of passage.

“It really is unfortunate that the real

estate lobby is able to spend excessive amounts of money to defeat this legislation, but they were not successful in doing that in 2019 when we expanded the insurance and the rent laws for rent regulated tenants,” said Salazar. “I really believe that ultimately New Yorkers are smarter than the big-money real estate PACs want to believe.”

The bill, once viewed as unlikely to pass, has picked up momentum in recent months as a potential follow-up to New York’s pandemic eviction moratorium, which expired last month. Several rallies in New York City have aimed at pushing Hochul to sign the bill.

Supporters of the Good Cause proposal, like opponents, are targeting members of the Assembly, seeing the Senate as already likely to pass the bill.

“The Senate is basically ready to go and we’re building support in the Assembly,” said Cea Weaver, a campaign coordinator for Housing Justice for All. She highlighted pockets of support — including areas of the state that, unlike New York City, lack an existing rent regulation system.

Assembly Speaker Carl Heastie, she added, “really cares about his members and in particular he really cares about The Bronx. Every single member of The Bronx delegation, except for one member, is signed onto the bill. And we’re growing support in upstate New York and we’re growing support in Long Island.”n This story was published by on February 16, 2022 by THE CITY.

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HOME OWNERSHIP

Divorce and Foreclosure/ continued from page 1

Tips to Help You Get Rid of Basement Mold

BY CHRIS TOBIAS

wants the house, …they can attempt a short sale or deed in lieu of foreclosure. If one spouse will take over the property and the mortgage, that spouse can then apply on their own for a modification or refinance."

Most divorcing couples cannot communicate on the level needed to come to a compromise regarding the home and the mortgage on their own due to the deterioration of their marital relationship. As a matter of fact, it is not uncommon for one spouse to want the other "to get out of the house" and/or to accuse the other person of wanting to miss required mortgage payments to spite the other spouse intentionally. Thus, increasing the likelihood of foreclosure.

An experienced divorce attorney and real estate expert, such as Mr. Brian Figeroux, of Figeroux and Associates, can assist those going through a divorce who are also facing foreclosure. Missed mortgage payments and foreclosure can affect your credit history years after the divorce.

So, know your rights and responsibilities.

If you or someone you know is in the process of divorce and facing foreclosure, then it is a critical time to speak to a lawyer. Visit www.askthelawyer.us to get expert legal advice today. n

Call Equity Smart Realty at 888-670-6791 for a FREE consultation.

I

f a musty scent rises from the basement, mold is present. Mold gathers in damp places with poor airflow and damages soft furnishings, like curtains and carpets, and grows on walls. Patches of mold release spores, and they are health hazards. It wrecks wood and rots material, and creates a musty stink that's difficult to oust without sorting out the cause of the problem.

You can identify a basement with mold because any soft furnishings stored there will be damp and musty. Mold thick enough to write in could show on wooden areas and walls. Or, subtle mold patches will grow in the wettest areas, like basement nooks.

Unfortunately, just airing the basement is inadequate, although helpful to an extent. You must remove the mold, as it won't go away without attention.

Mold remover Bleach sometimes removes mold. But remember, it is toxic, and a safer product might be more effective. Such agents, unlike bleach, often leave a helpful film that lasts years after application. If you opt for bleach, however, wear a mask.

Also, air the room as you work. Keep pets

and children away from the basement as it dries, too.

Dehumidifier You could get rid of dampness caused by flooding with a powerful, industrial dehumidifier, which will purge mold spores plus other air-based pollutants while drying the basement and aiding air circulation. A less powerful dehumidifier used often can reduce general dampness.

However, you need to remove the cause of damp, otherwise you face an ongoing problem. Check for leaky pipes, wet soil against your home's foundation, water heater leakage, and condensation.

Soft furnishings Dry and clean soft furnishings and get rid of rotten ones. A dehumidifier will help

remove dampness, but you still need to oust the musty smell. If washing them with regular washing powder in a washing machine doesn't do the trick, add one part vodka to two parts water and spray your furnishings. The concoction gets rid of the musty odor in vintage clothes and may work on other fabrics, too.

Remove basement mold; otherwise, it will spread and impact your entire home.

Also, it may damage your health.

Sneezing, breathing problems, headaches, and congestion are common symptoms of mold exposure. It also exacerbates asthma.

Combat basement molds fast and stop them from traveling through your home and injuring your health. Discover the cause, fix it, maximize air circulation, and dry the area. n

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IMMIGRATION REFORM

15

Dignity Act/ continued from page 1 Under the Dignity Act, Dreamers and DACA recipients would be eligible to receive 10 years of “conditional permanent resident status.” Recipients of Temporary Protected Status (TPS) or Deferred Enforced Departure (DED) would be eligible for lawful permanent resident (LPR) status once they accumulated five years of “continuous presence” in the United States.

Any immigrant who didn’t fall into one of these categories and lacked legal status would have to apply for the so-called “Dignity Program,” This would be a 10year program of “work authorization and protection from removal proceedings” in the form of deferred action, available for undocumented immigrants who pass a criminal background check, pay any back taxes they owe, pay $10,000 in restitution over the 10 years of the program, acquire health insurance, remain employed for 5 years, and give up 2% of every paycheck to the “Immigration Infrastructure Fund.”

However, this lengthy and expensive “Dignity Program” would not provide a path to a green card on its own. Under the Dignity Act, no undocumented immigrant can earn a green card until the Border Patrol certifies that it is achieving and maintaining “a 90% or greater detection and apprehension rate of individuals

Editorial credit: Bob Korn / Shutterstock.com

attempting to illegally cross the border.”

An apprehension rate that high has never been achieved in U.S. history. From 2006 to 2018, the Department of Homeland Security reported that the “observational apprehension rate” fluctuated between a low of 63.5% in 2006 and a high of 79.4% in 2016.

The 90% apprehension rate would then have to be certified by a very large “Border Security Certification Task Force” that includes representatives from every border state and both majority and minority members of Congress. The entire process could therefore be easily politicized and blocked by a hostile administration or Congress.

Once the goal of “90%” is achieved and certified, immigrants who make it to the end of the “Dignity Program” after 10 years would then have two choices.

They could get a renewable five-year “Dignity Visa” that would grant them legal status but make them ineligible for

U.S. citizenship. Or they could enter the five-year “Redemption Program,” which would make them eligible for citizenship if they learn English and U.S. civics and either perform 200 hours of community service or pay $2,500 every 20 months into the “American Worker Fund” (to pay for the training and upskilling of unemployed or displaced American workers).

The bill would also create a Catch-22 for any undocumented immigrant who wanted to come forward and apply for the Dignity Program. A provision of the bill would, for the first time in United States history, make it a felony to be undocumented. Thus, any undocumented immigrants applying under the legalization provision would be required to admit to an ongoing federal crime for which they could be arrested at any moment.

This alone would likely prevent most people from applying for status.

This would be a waste given that putting all undocumented immigrants on a

pathway to citizenship would increase U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by up to $1.7 trillion over the next decade.

Even just passing the DREAM Act would increase GDP by around 0.08% (or $15.2 billion) per year, which amounts to an average of $15,371 for each legalized worker.

Leaving aside the multiple shortcomings of the legalization provisions, the Dignity Act also includes several problematic enforcement provisions.

The bill calls for the detention of families seeking asylum in four Regional Processing Centers (RPCs) along the border for up to 150 days. This violates the terms of the Flores Settlement regarding the conditions under which children can be incarcerated. The bill would also make it a federal crime punishable by up to 10 years in prison for any immigrant to make a “fraudulent representation” concerning asylum. And the bill would explicitly authorize the likely-unconstitutional practice of indefinite and mandatory detention for immigrants before they have ever been ordered removed.

Salazar’s Dignity Act would exempt contracts for the construction, maintenance, and operation of border walls from all other laws (such as the Endangered Species Act). Plus, the bill would add 3,000 new agents to the Border Patrol, make E-Verify mandatory nationwide, and make it a felony crime to continued on page 16

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IMMIGRATION REFORM Dignity Act/ continued from page 15

Editorial credit: mikeledray / Shutterstock.com

“aid and abet” someone remaining in the United States as an undocumented immigrant, which could have a chilling effect on lawyers and advocates for immigrant rights.

The bill has six original co-sponsors in addition to Rep. Salazar: Representatives Dan Newhouse (WA-04), John Curtis (UT-03), Pete Sessions (TX-17), Jenniffer Gonzalez-Colon (PR), Tom Reed (NY-23), and Peter Meijer (MI-03).

While it’s certainly a welcome sight to see seven Republicans support a bill that includes a legalization program for undocumented immigrants, the bill demands an unrealistically high border apprehension rate before it even allows most undocumented immigrants to apply for permanent legal status. Even immigrants who are allowed to apply for legal status wouldn’t be able to earn a green card unless they paid tens-of-thousands of dollars over the course of 15 years.

The bill goes out of its way to create new crimes that will throw more immigrants behind bars for absolutely no good reason, ensuring that many who would be

Sexual Exploitation/ continued from page 1 Reasons for Migration Extreme poverty remains a significant reason for migration. Other factors, including shifting demographic and economic patterns, forces migrant workers in ever-increasing numbers to cross borders in search of work in unfamiliar territories despite the numerous dangers and uncertainties.

The Journey of Exploitation From their home country, migrants become victims of 'exploitation' by recruitment agencies. They overcharge them for their services or misrepresent the journey and the employment waiting for them at the other end. For some, they meet officials who coerce them to pay bribes to continue their journey, get their documents, or exit detention. There are numerous stories of traffickers, and smugglers, raping, beating, and sometimes holding surviving victims to ransom.

Others have shared stories of border officials coercing them to pay bribes to continue their journey in return for their documents or exit from detention.

Most women and girls and sometimes men and boys become compelled to exchange sex for smuggling services or basic needs like food or accommodation throughout the journey.

And in some cases, migrants become victims of 'debt bondage, which is a fallout

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ENOUGH IS ENOUGH!

16

from the migration process. It involves the manipulation of debt for the services of a person, such as a cost incurred as debt by the migrant from receiving smuggling services – forged documentation, transportation, and bribing border officials. Other debts may be incurred, including the cost of food, accommodation, and securing employment opportunities. Sometimes the 'debts' become overwhelming, and the migrants cannot pay them off due to their meager wages.

Debt bondage remains one of the most commonly used means of keeping people tied to an exploitative situation.

Case StudiesSexual Assaults by Smugglers and People in Authority In 2017, Sarah, a 32-year-old mother of two, had just completed the journey from her native Honduras, crossing the Rio Grande before arriving in the city of McAllen along the Texas border. That was when the worst of her nightmares drugged her, held her captive for weeks in a room, and repeatedly raped her. She reported feeling like she had died. In some cases, the perpetrators are on-duty Border Patrol agents and Customs officers.

Two teenage girls were reportedly sexually assaulted by a Customs and Border Protection officer in West Texas. The officer allegedly molested them and offered them confectioneries and a blanket. The teenagers filed legal claims against the federal government and received $125,000 as a settlement in 2018.

In a 2019 report by The New York Times, Manny Fernandez documented some of the experiences of sexually exploited victims. The report captured the assault of undocumented women along the border in the past two decades, concluding that sexual violence is an inescapable part of the collective migrant journey. Occurring right on America's soil in the southern border, migrant women and girls become victims of sexual assaults that are underreported and not prosecuted.

The Different Shades of Sexual Exploitation Experts have confirmed that attacks don't end at the border. Several women reported an assault in immigration detention facilities. Over a recent four-year period, the federal government has received more than 4,000 complaints about the sexual abuse and exploitation of immigrant children at government-funded detention facilities. In other instances, migrants become highly vulnerable to exploitation when they become stranded while on transit in a country or a destination country. They become a subject for sexual exploitation due to their compromised immigration status. In conclusion,

the central theme to sexual exploitation is the concept of 'vulnerability,' precisely economic vulnerability.

Effects of Gender and Sexual Exploitation on the Migrants Many reports have shown a link between sexual exploitation and mental health issues. In a report by The Times, they interviewed eight sexually assaulted migrant women from Central America between 2013 and 2016. The women revealed that they struggle with constant nightmares, feelings of depression, and in some cases, suicidal thoughts.

Notably, most of the 'sexually exploited women' do not report the incident because their attackers threaten to expose their immigration status.They report feeling helpless, powerless, and in a state of despair.

Steps to Addressing Sexual Exploitation of Migrants While some victims get lucky and receive victim-related visas to stay in the United States, many live in fear of deportation. Some find work in factories, restaurants, stores, laundromats, and work as aides, but they struggle with making a living because of language limitations. Unsurprisingly, migrants do not share their ordeal with family members due to the fear of being judged or rejected. But the question remains how can we advocate against the sexual exploitation of migrants?

One way of changing the situation is focusing on protection, for example, by ensuring that all migrants, regardless of their legal status, are respected as human beings. Their human rights are protected no matter what by State and non-State actors. Likewise, raising awareness on the issue of sexual exploitation and mistreatment of migrants, especially in parts of the United States where there are migrants, is critical. Community groups and nonprofit organizations can run educative programs on sexual exploitation. They can share information on what they can do and where they can report and find help. Lack of information concerning migrants living in irregular situations has remained a challenge in reducing exploitation, and this must be addressed through better data collection and community effort.

Additionally, the fear of arrest and deportation prevents many migrant workers from speaking out about abuses, so they need assurance from the government.

As the U.S economy struggles to reach a 'new-normal, there is a need to put safeguards in place to ensure that migrants are afforded equal treatment under the law and clearer pathways for citizenship.l

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LOVE & RELATIONSHIPS

17

Is There a Narcissist In Your Life? system of relationships as well. They will make every effort to separate you from family and friends so that they can isolate you. If you have no one to turn to, it's easier for the narcissist to keep you in victim mode.

BY MARY CAMPBELL

A

narcissist is much more than a person with an inflated ego.

Narcissistic personality disorder is a mental affliction. According to the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder is as high as 6 percent in the United States.

Although they are rarely physically abusive, narcissists inflict emotional and mental abuse on those in their lives. They are master manipulators who lack empathy. They don't care about anyone's feelings but their own. They see people as commodities that they can use for their benefit.

Traits of Narcissists There are several types of narcissists and narcissistic abuse. However, a few traits they display should raise a red flag.

Love of Self Narcissists love and care about themselves above all. A new relationship with a narcissist may seem like the stuff of fairytales. They may seem to be fun-loving and the perfect, caring mate.

However, this is all a facade. Sooner or later, they will begin to show their true colors. Narcissists are incapable of true

love. The love of a narcissist is always conditional.

Lack of Empathy Narcissists are only concerned with their feelings. They could care less about anyone else's feelings. Although they may pretend to sympathize with you on the surface, they are incapable of feeling empathy.

Superiority Narcissists don't care about the feelings of others because they consider themselves to be superior. They have a sense of entitlement and believe they deserve special treatment. They view others as inferior and not worthy of their consideration unless there is something for them

to gain.

Emotional Abuse How a narcissist talks to you will show a blatant lack of care for your feelings.

Narcissists will belittle you every chance they get. They will constantly point out your flaws and tell you how you do everything wrong. They may tell you they are joking, but they are not. They will wear away at your self-esteem until you have none left. They can insult you but you can't insult them, not even jokingly. They can dish out the criticism but, they cannot take it.

Divide and Conquer Narcissists not only will erode your selfesteem; they will destroy your support

Financial Dependence Narcissists also use finances as a means to isolate and control you. They may prefer to be the breadwinner of the household so you have to depend on them for financial support. Even if you have a job, the narcissist may control the budget, bank accounts, and credit cards. They may keep you from seeing household bills or bank statements. If you have a joint bank account, the narcissist is usually in control of it.

These are just a few traits of narcissists.

However, there are many more. If you are involved with a narcissist and want to continue the relationship, you may suggest professional help. However, narcissists are unlikely to seek help. They see themselves as perfect and project their imperfections on others. They are more likely to suggest that you are the one with the problem. Conversations with a narcissist are one-sided. However, you may want to consult a professional for guidance on coping with your narcissistic partner. l

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HEALTH

18

Mayor Adams, NYC Health + Hospitals Expand Access to Lifestyle Medicine Services City-Wide

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ew York City Mayor Eric Adams and NYC Health + Hospitals (H+H) today announced the expansion of their groundbreaking lifestyle medicine services at six public health care sites across New York City — the most comprehensive expansion of lifestyle medicine programming in the U.S. Modeled off the popular and successful Plant-Based Lifestyle Medicine Program at NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, the new expansion will provide patients living with chronic disease the tools to make healthy lifestyle changes, included providing them access to plant-based diet resources. The program will expand to serve qualifying NYC Health + Hospitals adult patients at Jacobi, Lincoln, Woodhull, Kings County, and Elmhurst hospitals, as well as Gotham Health, Vanderbilt. The program expansion will be implemented over the coming year.

“Today, New York City is again leading the way with the most comprehensive expansion of lifestyle medicine programming in the nation,” said Mayor Adams.

Dr. Michelle McMacken, FACP, DipABLM, Executive Director, Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine with Mayor Adams and NYC Health + Hospitals President Dr. Mitch Katz announces expansion of Lifestyle Medicine Program. Photo credit: NYC Health + Hospitals

“This is personal to me — a plant-based lifestyle helped save my life, and I’m thrilled that New Yorkers in every zip code will have access to this critical programming. Together, we will stop feeding the health care crisis and ensure all New Yorkers can access the healthy lifestyle they deserve.”

“This expanded programming won’t only touch the lives of the patients served, but will extend to the families and communities of every person

served,” said Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services Anne WilliamsIsom. “That mom with type 2 diabetes or that dad with high cholesterol now has new tools to reclaim their health through everyday choices to eat, manage stress, and sleep better, as well as find enhanced social support. These programs can change individual lives by treating, preventing, and even reversing common chronic diseases, but will also ripple through to families and communities of those at risk of or living with a chronic

disease. I want to thank Dr. McMacken, Dr. Katz, and all the staff doing this cutting-edge work and making a difference in the lives of so many New Yorkers.”

“Even through the pandemic, heart disease remains the leading killer of New Yorkers, with diabetes not too far behind,” said Senior Advisor for Public Health and Incoming Commissioner of Health Dr. Ashwin Vasan. “To move the needle, we will need to invest in both upstream policy reforms and downstream care and supports. Increasing access to dietitians, health coaches, and physicians through innovative approaches, like the Lifestyle Medicine Program, will help more New Yorkers with cardiometabolic diseases live longer, healthier lives.,. I applaud Mayor Adams and our colleagues at NYC Health + Hospitals for their leadership and for taking a holistic approach to supporting the health of our communities.”

“I have seen the benefits of lifestyle medicine for patients with chronic diseases in my own clinical practice,” said continued on page 18

You may be eligible for COVID-19 Treatment People who have tested positive for COVID-19 may be able to receive outpatient treatment to help symptoms and avoid hospitalization. Treatment works best if you begin it soon after you start feeling symptoms, so get tested right away.

Monoclonal antibody treatment is a one-time IV or injection to help fight COVID-19 while your immune system produces its own antibodies.

Oral antiviral pills are taken for five days and helps stop the virus and keeps it from replicating, which reduces the amount of virus in your body.

There are currently two authorized pills - paxlovid and molunpiravir.

Both monoclonal antibody and oral antiviral treatments can reduce your risk of becoming sick from COVID-19 and avoid hospitalization.

COVID-19 treatments are not a substitute for vaccination. COVID-19 vaccination and booster shots remain the best protection against getting severely sick due to COVID-19.

If you have COVID-19 symptoms, or if you have tested positive, talk to your doctor, or call 212-COVID19 (212-268-4319).

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HEALTH

19

Lifestyle Medicine Services/ continued from page 18 Health Commissioner Dr. Dave A. Chokshi. “As we continue to fight COVID-19, scaling these services will help build a healthier city for all New Yorkers. I applaud NYC Health + Hospitals for expanding this evidencebased program.”

“As a physician, I know that medicine doesn’t always come in the form of a pill.

Eating a diet of fruits and vegetables can help prevent and treat chronic illnesses like heart disease – the leading cause of death among New Yorkers – cancer, and type 2 diabetes,” said NYC Health + Hospitals President and CEO Mitchell Katz, MD. “Low-income New Yorkers are much more vulnerable to these diseases and we want to continue offering them an alternative way of eating that works on a limited budget and is accompanied by a network of medical and nutritional professionals. NYC Health + Hospitals is grateful to Mayor Adams for his continued support and innovation as we tackle the problem of chronic illnesses.”

“The expansion of our lifestyle medicine services to New Yorkers throughout the five boroughs will be a powerful tool in addressing the burden of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and other common chronic conditions, with benefits that could positively impact entire family units and those closest around them,”

said Michelle McMacken, MD, FACP, DipABLM, executive director, Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine at NYC Health + Hospitals. “We continue to be grateful to all of our advocates and partners who have made our existing lifestyle medicine services a success and this necessary expansion a reality.”

“The expansion of our lifestyle medicine services to New Yorkers throughout the five boroughs will be a powerful tool in addressing the burden of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and other common chronic conditions, with benefits that could positively impact entire family units and those closest around them,” said Michelle McMacken, MD, FACP, DipABLM, executive director, Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine at NYC Health + Hospitals. “We continue to be grateful to all of our advocates and partners who have made our existing lifestyle medicine services a success and this necessary expansion a reality.”

“Today’s announcement that H+H’s lifestyle medicine services are now available in all five boroughs is an exciting

step forward for our city,” said Kate MacKenzie, executive director, Mayor’s Office of Food Policy. “Healthy food is essential for a healthy life, and this expansion couldn’t come at a better time for New Yorkers. I am grateful to Mayor Adams for his passion and commitment to helping all New Yorkers make positive lifestyle changes and to Dr. McMacken and the team at H+H for executing on that vision.”

In 2019, with the advocacy of thenBrooklyn Borough President Adams, the Bellevue Plant-Based Lifestyle Medicine Program — among the first of its kind in a safety-net health care setting — was launched. The program takes an interdisciplinary approach to reduce patients’ cardiometabolic risk, where a team of physicians, dietitians, and health coaches support patients in making evidencebased lifestyle changes, including adopting a healthy plant-based diet, increasing physical activity, improving sleep habits, reducing stress, avoiding risky substances, and providing social support.

The program has received national atten-

tion and there has been a high demand for services, including self-referrals from more than 850 New York City residents.

Each of the sites that will be receiving the expanded lifestyle medicine services will be equipped with a full-time dietitian and health coach, as well as physician teams. Participants will be referred by their health care providers or can selfrefer. Eligibility criteria for participants include heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and/or health concerns related to obesity.

Patients who enroll in one of the programs will receive a full medical evaluation by a team physician, with special attention to current lifestyle behaviors and social needs. They will also meet individually with a dietitian and a health coach and will participate in group education on topics including nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress reduction, and other lifestyle pillars. The lifestyle medicine team will individualize the behavior change approach for each patient, considering cultural traditions, socioeconomic circumstances, family situations, and other key factors.

In addition to expanding access to lifestyle medicine services, NYC Health + Hospitals will partner with the American College of Lifestyle Medicine to help provide additional lifestyle medicine training to care teams, as well as with Plant-Powered Metro New York to offer cooking demonstrations to patients at the Kings County Hospital site.l

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GENERATIONS

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Putting Your Affairs in Order document those so your loved ones can observe your wishes.

Many prepay for the burial plot and casket in advance. This is an act of love if you do this and take that burden off your loved ones’ minds.

BY WILLSANDESTATES.NYC

M

oving into the phase of life of a senior citizen calls for thinking about things that you might have put off before. This includes many of life’s philosophical questions and looking back on life and thinking about what you did well and what you regret.

But aside from those reflective questions, there are some basic things you should do now to “put your affairs in order” so that in the event you come to that final day of your life, your children and those charged with such affairs know what to do.

It seems almost morbid to “put your affairs in order” early in your retirement life when you are healthy and active, and there is no apparent threat that the end is near. But these are not decisions that should be put off until your health begins to decline when you are significantly older. These are decisions that call for a mature and thoughtful review by a senior citizen fully in command of his or her faculties.

That means that putting your affairs in order is something to do now and not procrastinate. After all, when you started a family, you didn’t wait until the children were grown to buy life insurance or think about their education. You took

care of that when they were still crawling around in diapers because that is what mature adults do. Now is the time to be a mature adult about end-of-life paperwork, so those affairs are in order and ready for when needed. The kinds of end-of-life issues that should be decided, paid for, and settled now and by you include: nThe settlement of life insurance and who has the authority to close it out. nIs your will up-to-date and correct?

This should be reviewed from time to time if your assets change or other details need to be altered. nAre your medical directives decided and signed?

This includes your decision about whether you wish to have your life prolonged if you are on artificial life support after a catastrophic illness or injury. This is called a DNR or “Do Not Resuscitate” order, and what you decide will be the law to medical teams who are caring for

you during those final days. nDon’t leave this decision to loved ones to agonize over when they are already in emotional distress. Be an adult, make those decisions now, and make sure your children and loved ones know your choices. nAre the proper legal documents for the disposition of business assets and how you wish to see other legal affairs handled documented correctly and in good legal order? A final review by your lawyers will give you peace of mind that these documents will not be susceptible to legal action after you are gone. nDo you have your funeral arrangements decided?

You should decide where you will be buried, whether cremation is preferred, and other details of the ceremony. If there are particular hymns you want to have sung at your funeral, a church or minister you want to see handle the ceremony or other important details to you,

Finding and Executing Your Wishes Of all of the end-of-life decisions you will make, the most important one will be making sure all of these documents can be found and that you have carefully trained a trusted friend or relative in finding and executing these documents. The last thing you want to have happened is for your children to have to hunt through boxes of old papers to find life insurance papers, your will, or other essential endof-life documents.

Create good legible copies that are legally correct and secure them where they are safe and easy to locate. Please go through them with your executor or who will be responsible for them so they know exactly how your will and other affairs should be administered. And make sure everybody has copies, including all of your children and everyone who is mentioned in the will. In this way, there will be no questions when the time comes, and everyone will know what to do.l

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WORKERS’ RIGHTS

21

Support Nail Salon Workers and the New York Healthy Nail Salons Coalition

Are you looking to get into the health & wellness business?

G

etting a manicure after a long week at work to unwind and practice self-care is a time-old tradition. But it’s not often we stop to pause and think about the hardworking individuals who make these moments of rest and relaxation possible.

Despite the shine and allure of the salon’s exterior, nail salon technicians experience harrowing conditions on the job: labor rights violations at their workplace, wage theft, health and safety concerns which have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. With no proper ventilation and little personal protective equipment, nail salon workers are risking their lives to barely earn a minimum wage.

Now, nail salon workers are not just sharing their experiences, they are also speaking up about their ideas for solutions. In January of 2022, nail salon workers and advocates introduced a bill, the Nail Salon Minimum Standards Council, in the state legislature proposing a council to bring together workers,

Contact:

employers and the state to co-create ways to bring industry-wide change.

Whether we realize it or not, nail salons are not just momentary sanctuaries of self care, they’re an instrumental part of our neighborhoods and our communities.

In New York alone, there are an estimated 5,700 salons in every corner of the state, and tens of thousands of nail technicians. They are women of color, immigrants, mothers, daughters, your neighbors, and caretakers. And they are speaking up.

But we can’t do this alone. Consumers like you have an equally important role in bringing change to the industry, and that’s why we ask you to sign this pledge, to show love for the courageous individuals who take care of you in the salon.

It’s all hands in: together, there is a possibility that will make the nail salon industry a different kind: one that centers on health, dignity, and justice of not just some, but all.l Get support info at www.ijlef.org

Stacy Young Board Certified Holistic Health Coach Tel: 917-459-8431

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WELCOME TO AMERICA

22

COVID-19 Rates in ICE Detention Are at Record Highs. Advocates Are Demanding an Investigation.

BY KATY MURDZA

T

he Omicron variant has spread through immigration detention like wildfire, with a record 14% of people in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody testing positive for COVID-19 as of February 1, 2022. That day, over 3,000 people in ICE custody had active cases, a 1,000% increase from one month prior.

Despite the severity of the situation, detention centers continue to violate ICE policy intended to slow the spread of the virus. On February 11, advocates and six people currently or recently detained at the Denver Contract Detention Facility in Aurora, Colorado filed a complaint calling for an investigation into such violations.

The complaint addresses the three Department of Homeland Security (DHS) oversight agencies: the Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties, the Office of the Inspector General, and the Office of the Immigration Detention Ombudsman. It alleges that ICE and its contractor—the private prison company

GEO Group—have violated ICE guidance and federal law during a recent COVID-19 outbreak at Aurora. As evidence, the complaint includes a signed declaration from each of the six individual complainants: Ramiro,* Santiago,* Leticia,* Musa,* Afuom,* and Camilo.* First, the complaint alleges that the detention center is violating ICE’s COVID-19 guidance. It describes how ICE and GEO have failed to protect the health of high-risk people; provide sufficient testing, vaccines, cleaning supplies,

and access to services; and ensure proper masking. For example, Camilo* reports that he never received a COVID-19 test even though he was exposed and symptomatic. He was not offered a vaccine until he had been at the detention center for four months and can only access one mask at a time—sometimes only once a week.

The complaint also alleges that ICE and GEO are violating ICE’s detention standards by failing to provide medical care to people sick with COVID-19.

Afuom* states, “I felt very sick and was having trouble breathing. I was hot and shaking. I asked for emergency medical but was told to submit a [written request]. In my weakened condition, all I could do was lie down in bed. Since this time, I have continued to struggle with breathing. I wake up in the middle of the night unable to catch my breath. I have not received medical treatment for my difficulty breathing.”

Another detention standard protects people in ICE custody from retaliation, but several of the complaints express a fear of speaking out about what is hap-

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pening at the detention center. Camilo* reports that a member of the medical staff said, “They were going to move 13 people who tested positive to another dorm,” and instructed Camilo and others to “not talk to our attorneys or the news about this.”

Finally, the complaint alleges that ICE and GEO have violated federal disability law by failing to accommodate people detained at Aurora who have physical and mental disabilities. Musa,* who suffers from “post-traumatic stress disorder; major depressive disorder; recurrent, severe, unspecific psychosis; unspecified anxiety disorder; and blackouts,” states: “When I woke up on the ninth day, I was confused and scared. I had had a blackout the night before. When I have blackouts, I am not aware of anything that is happening and I become gullible.

You could put my hands in a fire, but I wouldn’t be able to react to it. I had a very severe mental breakdown on the ninth day, so I kicked the door a couple of times to get the attention of the officer and I told him he ha[d] to take me to medical…I think I was having a panic attack.”

Solitary confinement is harmful to anyone, but this treatment is especially inappropriate for someone with serious mental health conditions.

These recent examples are a continuation of ICE’s failure to implement basic public health measures throughout the entire pandemic. Federal courts, whistleblowers, oversight agencies, and internal emails have repeatedly shown ICE’s neglect has led to the spread of COVID-19 in detention.

And while the pandemic has further emphasized the dangers of immigration detention, policy violations were common long before the pandemic. For example, the American Immigration Council and the American Immigration Lawyers Association filed complaints in 2018 and 2019 regarding ICE and GEO’s failure to provide medical care at Aurora.

Given these failures, release is the most effective way to protect the health, safety, and due process of people fighting their immigration cases. It also protects public health in surrounding communities as outbreaks often spread beyond the walls of detention centers. ICE should release Ramiro,* Santiago,* Leticia,* Musa,* Afuom,* Camilo* and other people in its custody so that they can continue their immigration cases from their communities. l * denotes use of a pseudonym to protect the person’s identity.

Read more immigration stories at www.ijlef.org

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