The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/2013

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2012/13 THE LITTLE DATA BOOK ON GENDER IN AFRICA


©2013 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 16 15 14 13 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Note that The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content included in the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and permissions

This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC BY 3.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2013. The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9785-5 License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. ISBN 978-0-8213-9785-5 eISBN 978-0-8213-9786-2 DOI 10.1596/978-0-8213-9785-5 SKU 19785 To order Africa Development Indicators 2012/13, The Little Data Book on Africa 2012/13, or The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13, please visit http://publications.world bank.org. For free access to Africa Development Indicators online, please visit http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog. For more information about Africa Development Indicators and its companion products, please visit www.worldbank.org/africa. You can email us at ADI@worldbank.org. The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is a product of the Africa Region of the World Bank. Design and layout by EEI Communications, Columbia, MD. Cover design by Peter Grundy Art & Design, London, UK.


Contents Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Users guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Algeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Angola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Benin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Botswana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Burkina Faso. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Burundi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Cameroon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Cape Verde. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Central African Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Chad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Comoros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Congo, Democratic Republic of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Congo, Republic of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Côte d’Ivoire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Djibouti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Egypt, Arab Republic of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Equatorial Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Eritrea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Ethiopia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Gabon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Gambia, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Ghana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Guinea-Bissau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Kenya. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Lesotho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Liberia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Libya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Madagascar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Malawi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Mali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Mauritania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Mauritius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Morocco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Mozambique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Namibia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Niger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Nigeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Rwanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 São Tomé and Príncipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Senegal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Seychelles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Sierra Leone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Somalia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Sudan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Swaziland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Tanzania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Tunisia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Zambia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Zimbabwe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

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Acknowledgments The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is a product of the Africa Region of the World Bank. Rose Mungai was the director of this book and its companions—Africa Development Indicators 2012/13, ADI Online, Africa Development Indicators 2012/13 CD-ROM, and The Little Data Book on Africa—and also led the work on data management, consistency checks, and compilation; and provided overall data quality assurance. Francoise Genouille coordinated all stages of production. The core team included Francoise Genouille and Ayago Esmubancha Wambile. Federico Escaler and William Prince collaborated in the production of The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13. The overall work was carried out under the guidance of Shantayanan Devarajan, Chief Economist of the Africa Region. EEI Communications provided design, editing, and layout.

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Introduction The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is a pocket edition of Africa Development Indicators 2012/13. It contains some 60 key indicators on economics, human development, and empowerment and is intended as a quick reference for users of the Africa Development Indicators 2012/13 book and ADI Online. The country tables present the latest available data for World Bank member countries in Africa.

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Users guide Aggregates Aggregate data are based on the World Bank’s regional classification for Sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa, which may differ from common geographic usage. Former Spanish Sahara is not included in any aggregates. Statistics Country data are for 1990, 2000, and the most recent year available, usually 2010–2011, as economies were constituted in 2010. Regional data are for the most recent year available, usually 2009. Data in italics are for 2001–09. Consistent time-series data for 1960–2011 are available on ADI Online. Symbols .. means that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data in the years shown. < is less than. - is not applicable. $ means current U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. 0 or 0.0 means zero or small enough that the number would round to zero at the displayed number of decimal places. Data presentation conventions A billion is 1,000 million. Growth rates are in real terms, unless otherwise specified. Data consistency, reliability, and comparability Considerable effort has been made to harmonize the data, but full comparability cannot be assured, and care must be taken in interpreting indicators. Many factors affect data availability, reliability, and comparability. Data coverage may be incomplete because of circumstances affecting the collection and reporting of data, such as conflicts. Although drawn from sources thought to be the most authoritative, data should be construed as indicating trends and characterizing differences across economies. Readers are advised not to compare data series between editions or across World Bank publications.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Classification of economies For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Every economy in The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is classified as low income, middle income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily reflect development status. Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $1,005 or less in 2010. Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,005 but less than $12,275. Lower middle-income and upper middle income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,976. High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,276 or more. The cutoff date for data for this publication is August 2012. However, it must be noted that the database may have more recent data by the time of this publication.

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Country tables

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Algeria 1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

2,420

1,600

4,390

3,533

62.0

54.8

162.0

586.8

GDP ($ billions)

0.8

2.2

3.3

4.2

1,833

1,794

2,232

2,313

-1.7

0.7

1.8

2.7

Total (millions)

25.3

30.5

35.5

166.3

Female (% of total)

49.6

49.6

49.5

50.0

2.5

1.4

1.5

1.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

53.5

61.7

68.2

65.7

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

53.1

61.6

68.5

65.4

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

87.7

62.2

46.3

52.8

6.7

6.7

6.7

7.8

80.9

55.5

39.6

44.8

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

67.1

70.0

72.9

72.8

Male (years)

65.9

68.8

71.4

70.9

Female (years)

68.3

71.3

74.4

74.8

Fertility rate

4.7

2.6

2.3

2.5

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

54.9

41.4

30.5

23.0

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

67.6

48.9

36.0

27.0

102.2

112.3

113.4

..

86.0

103.1

106.8

..

Secondary, male

69.9

..

..

..

Secondary, female

53.9

..

..

..

Tertiary, male

..

..

25.2

..

Tertiary, female

..

..

36.6

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male Primary, female

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

81.6

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

88.8

82.6

96.1

..

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

72.4

82.2

95.9

..

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Upper middle income

1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

64.0

61.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

1.5

2.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

50.1

52.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

10.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

79.0

89.4

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

92.6

95.2

..

220

140

97

78

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

6.0

8.8

11.2

56.2

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

11.9

13.7

16.9

23.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

77.5

79.4

75.4

77.3

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

10.5

12.8

15.7

23.9

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,717

2,553

2,048

2,048

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

16.0

16.9

15.5

27.4

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

10.9

12.7

8.9

17.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

48.2

55.0

60.3

46.5

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

29.8

10.0

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

29.7

20.0

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

6,749

7,376

7,404

41,333

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

949

1,402

1,673

6,229

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

958

1,317

1,502

7,734

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

2.0

3.0

7.7

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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Angola SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

740

420

3,960

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

10.3

9.1

82.5

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-0.3

3.0

3.4

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

819

656

1,369

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-3.0

-0.1

0.6

2.4

Total (millions)

10.3

13.9

19.1

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.8

50.7

50.5

50.0

2.8

3.0

2.8

2.5

50.2

50.1

51.3

54.5

Basic demographic indicators Population

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

49.6

49.6

50.6

54.2

100.5

100.5

96.3

84.7

5.2

4.9

4.9

5.9

95.3

95.5

91.4

78.1 54.2

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

41.1

45.2

50.7

Male (years)

39.2

43.9

49.2

53.1

Female (years)

43.2

46.6

52.1

55.3

Fertility rate

7.2

6.8

5.4

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

143.6

118.9

97.9

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

243.0

199.6

160.5

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

85.8

..

137.3

Primary, female

78.6

..

111.6

95.8

..

16.4

37.2

43.5

Secondary, male

..

13.4

25.5

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.0

..

4.1

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.2

..

3.3

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

78.9

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

53.2

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

40.0

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

82.9

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

57.6

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

80.8

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

65.5

..

Secondary, female

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

79.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

19.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

47.3

..

1,200

890

450

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

3.8

5.2

7.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

47.6

48.4

45.9

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

77.2

76.3

77.9

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

67.2

68.8

64.0

64.3

1,044

1,450

1,994

1,994

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

48.8

49.5

47.3

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

52.0

53.2

49.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

55.5

54.9

56.1

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

7,699

9,993

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,770

2,302

3,222

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,554

2,035

2,656 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

56.6

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

13.5

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

13,212 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

..

24.8

..

15.0

16.0

38.6

19.4

5


Benin SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

360

370

780

1,202

1.8

2.3

6.6

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

3.2

5.8

3.0

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

296

346

377

653

0.1

2.7

0.1

2.4

GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

4.8

6.5

8.8

844.0

52.2

51.4

50.7

50.0

3.1

2.9

2.8

2.5

51.3

52.0

53.5

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

49.3

50.8

53.0

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

98.5

94.5

87.7

84.7

6.8

5.9

5.7

5.9

91.8

88.7

82.0

78.1

Total (years)

48.6

52.6

55.6

54.2

Male (years)

45.8

50.1

53.8

53.1

Female (years)

51.7

55.2

57.5

55.3

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.7

6.0

5.3

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

107.0

88.6

73.2

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

177.7

143.4

115.4

122.4

Primary, male

69.8

104.3

134.6

103.2

Primary, female

36.6

68.8

117.1

95.8

Secondary, male

..

32.3

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

14.2

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

6.4

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

1.5

..

5.2

..

60.9

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

26.8

53.1

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

12.0

26.9

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

54.2

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

29.1

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

64.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

43.4

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

6

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

17.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.1

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

5.9

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

29.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

84.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

60.5

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

46.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

74.0

..

770

530

350

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

1.9

2.6

3.6

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

42.5

46.5

47.5

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

89.7

81.5

78.6

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

58.4

65.2

68.5

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

607

755

995

995

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

42.0

48.7

51.0

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

55.0

57.6

57.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

79.7

62.9

56.4

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

3,019

3,517

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

450

584

652

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

645

800

949 102,915

Agricultural population (thousands)

3,920 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

43.9

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

27.5

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

22.5

..

3.0

6.0

10.8

19.4

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

7


Botswana SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

2,540

3,120

6,750

1,202

3.8

5.6

14.9

1,117.5

GDP ($ billions)

6.8

5.9

7.0

5.0

2,336

3,204

4,190

653

3.6

4.1

5.7

2.4

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

1.4

1.8

2.0

844.0

50.6

50.2

49.6

50.0

3.0

1.7

1.3

2.5

52.9

58.8

62.8

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.3

59.2

64.1

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

90.2

69.5

57.6

84.7

5.0

5.2

6.3

5.9

85.2

64.3

51.3

78.1

Total (years)

64.0

50.8

53.1

54.2

Male (years)

62.1

50.4

54.0

53.1

Female (years)

66.1

51.1

52.2

55.3

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

4.7

3.4

2.8

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

45.6

63.9

36.1

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

58.7

95.9

47.7

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

101.7

104.0

..

Primary, female

109.2

103.9

..

95.8

Secondary, male

38.0

72.7

..

43.5

Secondary, female

42.2

76.5

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

5.8

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

5.5

..

5.2

108.0

101.7

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

81.2

86.8

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

98.4

91.5

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

83.8

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

84.4

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

93.7

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

96.7

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

8

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

44.4

52.8

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

15.5

41.7

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

42.1

51.2

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

96.8

94.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

73.3

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

95.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

94.2

94.6

..

140

350

160

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.6

0.8

1.0

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

46.7

46.9

46.3

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

81.4

81.3

82.8

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

68.9

72.1

74.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

165

234

264

264

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.7

47.0

47.7

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

56.6

56.4

57.4

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

55.4

Labor force, total (millions)

64.5

62.3

61.8

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

14.7

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

17.2

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

13.2

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

14.0

..

..

620

772

94

149

179

111

131

138 102,915

Agricultural population (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

845 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

55.3

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

16.4

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

5.0

..

7.9

19.4

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

9


Burkina Faso SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

310

230

550

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

3.1

2.6

8.8

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-0.6

1.8

7.9

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

167

212

283

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-3.2

-1.0

4.7

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

9.3

12.3

16.5

844.0

51.0

50.8

50.4

50.0

2.7

2.8

3.0

2.5

51.1

52.2

53.1

54.5

48.2

50.1

51.8

54.2

101.3

95.3

90.7

84.7

5.3

4.4

4.2

5.9

96.0

90.9

86.4

78.1

Total (years)

48.5

50.2

54.9

54.2

Male (years)

47.3

49.2

54.0

53.1

Female (years)

49.7

51.3

55.9

55.3

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.8

6.3

5.9

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

103.4

98.1

92.6

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

204.5

190.8

176.2

122.4

Primary, male

39.8

49.2

79.1

103.2

Primary, female

25.2

35.1

72.0

95.8

..

11.7

23.4

43.5

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Secondary, male

..

7.7

17.9

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.1

1.5

4.5

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.3

0.5

2.1

5.2

..

70.2

87.7

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

24.3

27.9

47.8

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

14.1

19.5

42.3

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Secondary, female

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

10

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

17.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

13.3

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

31.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

85.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

32.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

53.5

..

700

450

300

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

4.1

5.5

7.5

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

48.5

48.2

47.6

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

92.1

91.2

91.1

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

79.3

79.5

79.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,480

1,998

2,562

2,562

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.5

46.4

46.5

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

74.7

73.5

72.7

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

84.9

82.8

81.4

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

8,616

11,339

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,813

2,403

3,320

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,929

2,579

3,588 102,915

Agricultural population (thousands)

15,160 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

19.2

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

11.3

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

9.4

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

8.0

15.3

19.4

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

11


Burundi SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

210

130

230

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

1.1

0.8

2.0

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

3.5

-0.9

3.8

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

182

131

138

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

1.0

-2.3

1.2

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

5.6

6.4

8.4

844.0

51.3

51.5

50.9

50.0

2.4

1.4

2.6

2.5

52.9

51.7

59.5

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.6

50.0

59.0

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

91.3

96.5

68.7

84.7

6.1

5.8

4.8

5.9

85.3

90.7

63.9

78.1 54.2

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

46.2

46.0

49.9

Male (years)

44.7

44.8

48.5

53.1

Female (years)

47.9

47.2

51.3

55.3

Fertility rate

6.5

5.8

4.3

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

110.0

99.7

87.8

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

183.2

163.8

141.9

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

77.4

69.8

157.3

Primary, female

62.2

55.8

155.3

95.8

Secondary, male

5.9

..

28.9

43.5

Secondary, female

3.7

..

20.7

35.6

Tertiary, male

0.9

1.7

4.2

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.4

0.6

2.3

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

79.0

..

93.9

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

48.2

28.7

57.4

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

33.6

23.9

54.9

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

48.2

67.3

72.6

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

27.5

52.2

60.9

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

59.5

76.8

76.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

48.0

70.4

76.3

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

12

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

15.7

21.9

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.2

0.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

10.0

7.5

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

78.0

98.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

12.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

25.2

60.3

..

1,100

1,000

800

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.8

2.9

4.3

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

52.5

53.2

52.1

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

90.8

85.0

82.6

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

91.8

86.8

84.9

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

872

903

1,239

1,239

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

51.8

52.0

52.8

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

84.3

72.9

68.4

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

55.4

Labor force, total (millions)

79.0

68.3

61.7

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

0.7

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

0.3

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

1.0

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

0.4

..

..

..

5,156

5,790

7,481 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,419

1,555

2,095

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,127

1,198

1,646 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

6.0

32.1

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

13


Cameroon SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

910

630

1,200

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

11.2

10.1

22.5

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-6.1

4.2

3.2

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

722

643

714

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-8.8

1.8

1.0

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

12.2

15.7

19.6

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.3

50.2

50.1

50.0

2.9

2.3

2.2

2.5

51.5

53.8

55.9

54.5

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.0

53.5

55.9

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

95.1

86.3

78.9

84.7

6.9

6.6

6.3

5.9

88.2

79.8

72.6

78.1 54.2

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

53.3

50.1

51.1

Male (years)

51.8

49.0

50.1

53.1

Female (years)

54.8

51.2

52.1

55.3

Fertility rate

5.9

5.0

4.5

4.9

85.2

90.8

84.4

77.1

136.6

147.5

136.2

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

103.4

94.4

128.6

Primary, female

88.8

80.5

110.9

95.8

Secondary, male

29.4

..

46.0

43.5

Secondary, female

Primary, male

20.2

..

38.4

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

12.6

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

10.3

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

82.3

..

85.4

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

56.1

54.5

84.9

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

52.3

47.4

72.4

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

79.2

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

58.7

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

88.4

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

78.0

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

14

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

25.6

29.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

1.9

6.5

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

6.3

12.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

2.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

75.3

84.7

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

27.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

60.0

63.0

..

670

730

690

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

4.5

6.2

8.2

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

41.8

45.1

45.7

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

79.7

76.8

77.4

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

56.7

63.2

65.6

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,099

1,530

1,939

1,939

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

43.0

45.8

46.2

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

41.2

43.9

44.4

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

54.5

51.5

51.2

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

7,854

8,338

8,018 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,484

1,676

1,690

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,602

1,806

1,878 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

15.7

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

10.0

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

24.0

..

14.0

6.0

13.9

19.4

97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

15


Cape Verde SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

870

1,390

3,280

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

0.3

0.5

1.7

1,117.5

0.7

16.8

5.2

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

804

1,233

1,959

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-0.9

14.7

4.3

2.4

GDP growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

0.4

0.5

844.0

51.7

50.5

50.0

1.6

1.8

0.9

2.5

51.6

53.7

61.5

54.5

47.7

52.1

63.1

54.2

101.0

88.9

60.5

84.7

9.7

10.0

9.5

5.9

91.3

78.9

51.0

78.1 54.2

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

0.3 52.3

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

65.1

69.4

73.8

Male (years)

62.1

65.5

70.1

53.1

Female (years)

68.2

73.6

77.7

55.3

Fertility rate

5.3

3.7

2.4

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

45.8

36.7

29.2

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

59.2

46.0

35.6

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

116.3

127.0

113.9

Primary, female

108.8

121.7

105.3

95.8

Secondary, male

20.4

..

79.7

43.5

Secondary, female

20.1

..

95.4

35.6

Tertiary, male

0.0

1.9

15.6

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.0

1.9

20.2

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

94.0

..

104.2

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

56.6

106.0

100.1

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

50.8

108.5

97.7

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

74.8

..

90.1

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

53.0

..

80.2

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

89.9

..

97.3

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

86.4

..

99.0

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

16

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

61.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

6.1

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

57.1

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

97.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

72.3

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

77.5

..

200

170

79

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.1

0.2

0.2

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

36.9

38.1

38.4

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

87.7

86.4

86.1

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

44.8

49.8

54.8

64.3

43

55

68

68

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

37.2

38.2

38.2

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

47.6

46.4

46.4

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

78.9

74.8

72.6

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

23.3

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

22.6

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

40.7

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

42.1

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

106

101

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

13

13

13

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

21

21

19 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

33.1

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

16.7

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

12.0

11.0

18.1

19.4

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

84 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

17


Central African Republic SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

470

280

470

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

1.5

1.0

2.0

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-2.1

2.3

3.3

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

278

259

240

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-4.4

0.4

1.4

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

2.9

3.7

4.4

844.0

50.9

50.9

50.7

50.0

2.3

1.9

1.9

2.5

53.0

54.2

55.6

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.6

53.9

55.6

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

89.4

85.1

79.7

84.7

7.6

7.3

7.1

5.9

81.8

77.8

72.6

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

48.8

43.7

47.6

Male (years)

46.6

42.2

46.1

53.1

Female (years)

51.2

45.2

49.2

55.3

Fertility rate

5.8

5.4

4.6

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

110.1

114.7

106.0

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

165.2

175.9

158.8

122.4

Primary, male

87.1

..

109.3

103.2

Primary, female

54.5

..

77.7

95.8

Secondary, male

16.4

..

16.0

43.5

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Secondary, female

6.5

..

9.3

35.6

Tertiary, male

2.3

3.2

3.9

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.4

0.6

1.2

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

59.1

..

69.4

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

42.0

..

52.3

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

18.9

..

30.1

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

64.8

69.1

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

33.5

42.1

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

70.3

72.2

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

46.9

57.3

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

18

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

27.9

19.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.9

3.5

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

6.9

8.6

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

62.0

69.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

34.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

44.1

43.7

..

930

1,000

890

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

1.3

1.7

2.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.7

46.4

47.1

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

87.6

86.4

85.5

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

69.7

71.1

72.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

349

467

571

571

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

45.3

45.6

46.1

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

57.8

57.4

57.2

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

71.1

69.8

68.3

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

2,349

2,686

Agricultural population (thousands)

2,783 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

519

599

624

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

519

589

630 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

53.3

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

12.2

..

Women’s empowerment

Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

..

..

..

4.0

7.0

9.6

19.4

19


Chad SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy

260

180

710

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

1.7

1.4

8.5

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-4.2

-0.9

13.0

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

184

168

300

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-7.1

-4.2

10.1

2.4

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

Basic demographic indicators Population

6.0

8.2

11.2

844.0

50.6

50.4

50.3

50.0

3.1

3.4

2.6

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

50.9

51.2

51.8

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.5

50.8

51.5

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

97.1

96.2

93.5

84.7

6.9

6.2

5.6

5.9

90.2

90.0

87.9

78.1

Total (years)

50.7

48.5

49.2

54.2

Male (years)

49.0

47.1

47.8

53.1

Female (years)

52.4

50.0

50.7

55.3

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.7

6.6

6.0

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

112.8

105.4

98.9

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

207.3

189.5

173.4

122.4

Primary, male

68.6

83.9

107.0

103.2

Primary, female

30.0

51.3

78.0

95.8

Secondary, male

10.7

16.9

34.6

43.5

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

2.3

4.8

14.6

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

1.4

3.7

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

0.2

0.6

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

40.9

55.9

65.8

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

26.4

32.7

43.2

73.6

Secondary, female

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

6.2

13.1

25.8

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

40.8

44.5

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

12.8

23.1

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

55.7

53.5

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

23.2

39.0

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

20

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

7.9

4.8

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.0

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

2.1

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

41.6

53.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

23.1

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

6.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

16.3

22.7

..

920

1,100

1,100

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.4

3.2

4.4

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.3

45.5

45.3

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

80.9

80.1

80.2

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

64.9

65.2

65.2

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

625

908

1,255

1,255

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

50.6

50.0

49.6

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

57.0

56.7

56.3

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

56.7

56.9

57.0

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

4,981

6,197

7,372 471,737

Agricultural population (thousands)

859

1,247

1,684

1,030

1,171

1,278 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

40.1

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

6.8

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

19.6

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

2.0

5.2

19.4

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

21


Comoros SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

530

380

750

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

0.3

0.2

0.5

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

5.1

1.4

2.1

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

413

359

336

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

2.6

-1.2

-0.5

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

0.4

0.6

0.7

844.0

50.0

49.8

49.6

50.0

2.4

2.6

2.6

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

50.8

55.9

54.8

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.7

55.7

54.5

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

97.0

79.2

82.9

84.7

5.9

5.2

5.0

5.9

91.1

74.0

77.9

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

55.6

57.9

60.6

Male (years)

53.7

56.3

59.3

53.1

Female (years)

57.6

59.5

62.0

55.3

Fertility rate

5.6

5.3

4.9

4.9

87.9

74.7

62.8

77.1

125.2

104.3

85.6

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

99.8

121.2

..

Primary, female

69.9

103.2

..

95.8

..

31.8

..

43.5

Secondary, male

..

26.0

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.1

1.5

9.1

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.2

1.1

6.7

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

84.2

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

74.5

79.7

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

63.5

68.7

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

84.0

85.8

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

77.6

84.7

..

Secondary, female

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

22

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

25.7

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.7

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

19.3

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

74.3

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

61.8

..

..

440

340

280

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.1

0.2

0.2

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

25.6

28.0

30.2

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

80.3

78.7

80.8

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

27.6

30.8

35.4

64.3

35

50

53

53

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

28.6

30.0

30.2

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

23.8

24.0

24.7

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

57.1

54.9

54.1

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

339

414

Agricultural population (thousands)

510 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

68

87

115

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

67

84

107 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

0.0

..

3.0

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

23


Congo, Democratic Republic of SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

230

90

180

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

9.3

4.3

13.1

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-6.6

-6.9

7.2

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

210

87

106

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-9.9

-9.1

4.3

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

36.4

49.6

66.0

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.6

50.4

50.3

50.0

3.6

2.4

2.7

2.5

50.5

49.6

51.1

54.5

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

49.8

49.1

51.0

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

99.3

102.6

95.9

84.7

5.6

5.4

5.2

5.9

93.7

97.2

90.6

78.1 54.2

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

46.8

45.7

48.1

Male (years)

45.5

44.4

46.5

53.1

Female (years)

48.3

47.0

49.7

55.3

Fertility rate

7.1

6.9

5.8

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

117.3

117.3

111.7

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

181.4

181.4

169.9

122.4

Primary, male

66.6

..

100.4

103.2

Primary, female

46.9

..

87.0

95.8

Secondary, male

..

..

47.8

43.5

Secondary, female

..

..

27.6

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

78.5

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

66.9

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

50.4

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

79.5

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

54.9

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

73.3

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

62.1

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

24

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

17.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

2.5

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

5.5

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

24.4

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

87.7

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

44.7

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

79.3

..

930

770

540

505

Labor force, total (millions)

13.7

18.5

25.3

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

48.7

50.1

49.9

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

74.9

73.0

72.6

76.7

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

68.6

71.3

70.9

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

3,075

4,339

6,057

6,057

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

55.5

54.9

53.9

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

50.7

50.8

49.1

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

40.6

41.6

41.8

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

24,555

30,823

Agricultural population (thousands)

37,742 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

4,815

5,642

6,901

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

4,645

6,052

7,293 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

38.9

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

13.7

..

..

..

20.8

..

5.0

..

8.4

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

25


Congo, Republic of SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

910

560

2,240

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

2.8

3.2

12.0

1,117.5

1.0

7.6

8.8

5.0

1,170

1,027

1,253

653

-1.7

4.8

6.0

2.4

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

2.4

3.1

4.0

844.0

50.2

50.0

49.9

50.0

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

52.7

54.8

55.7

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.3

54.7

55.8

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

90.4

82.7

79.4

84.7

7.1

6.8

6.6

5.9

83.3

75.9

72.8

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

56.2

54.1

57.0

Male (years)

54.9

53.2

55.7

53.1

Female (years)

57.7

55.1

58.2

55.3

Fertility rate

5.4

4.9

4.5

4.9

73.7

66.9

60.8

77.1

116.3

104.2

93.4

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

126.2

90.4

117.9

Primary, female

118.3

84.0

112.0

95.8

Secondary, male

54.0

41.8

..

43.5

Secondary, female

41.1

29.4

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

8.0

7.9

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

1.6

2.5

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

88.5

85.8

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

59.3

..

72.8

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

58.3

..

68.8

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

26

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

44.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

8.9

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

12.7

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

16.2

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

85.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

74.7

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

12.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

83.4

..

420

540

560

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.9

1.3

1.7

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.5

48.1

48.6

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

74.1

72.5

73.8

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

60.5

66.1

69.7

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

216

287

352

352

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

48.6

49.8

49.7

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

44.8

44.8

44.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

47.1

44.9

45.1

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

1,145

1,255

Agricultural population (thousands)

1,291 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

264

294

295

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

183

208

229 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

31.8

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

17.2

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

23.3

..

14.0

12.0

7.3

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

27


Côte d’Ivoire SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

740

650

1,170

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

10.8

10.4

22.9

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-1.1

-3.7

2.4

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

663

628

588

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-4.4

-5.7

0.4

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

12.5

16.6

19.7

844.0

Female (% of total)

48.1

48.5

49.0

50.0

3.4

2.1

2.0

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

50.5

54.0

54.8

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

53.8

56.1

55.7

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

91.5

81.6

80.9

84.7

5.1

5.6

6.9

5.9

86.4

76.0

74.1

78.1

Total (years)

52.6

50.2

54.7

54.2

Male (years)

51.1

49.2

53.7

53.1

Female (years)

54.3

51.1

55.9

55.3

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.3

5.2

4.4

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

104.6

100.2

85.9

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

151.4

147.7

123.0

122.4

Primary, male

79.0

85.0

..

103.2

Primary, female

56.3

63.6

..

95.8

Secondary, male

..

30.6

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

16.6

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

9.5

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

3.7

..

5.2

..

69.3

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

49.8

52.3

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

30.3

33.0

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

60.8

64.7

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

38.6

45.3

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

70.8

72.1

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

52.1

61.0

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

28

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

12.9

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

8.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

28.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

87.6

84.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

45.3

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

54.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

62.8

56.8

..

710

590

400

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

4.6

6.4

7.8

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

30.1

35.0

37.4

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

88.3

82.2

81.9

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

44.3

49.5

52.4

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,252

1,739

2,047

2,047

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

33.7

39.3

39.6

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

37.7

40.5

40.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

71.9

62.0

61.7

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

7,437

8,085

Agricultural population (thousands)

7,484 471,737

957

1,074

1,016

1,729

1,872

1,799 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

61.9

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

0.0

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

6.0

..

8.9

19.4

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

29


Djibouti 1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions) GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

..

750

..

3,533

0.5

0.6

..

586.8

..

0.4

..

4.2

1,174

753

..

2,313

..

-2.4

..

2.7

Basic demographic indicators Population

0.6

0.7

0.9

166.3

50.1

50.1

50.0

50.0

5.0

2.8

1.9

1.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

53.6

56.0

60.8

65.7

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

53.2

55.9

60.9

65.4

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

87.2

78.8

64.2

52.8

4.5

4.9

5.4

7.8

82.7

73.9

58.8

44.8

Total (years)

51.4

53.9

57.5

72.8

Male (years)

49.9

52.5

56.1

70.9

Female (years)

52.9

55.3

59.0

74.8

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.2

4.8

3.8

2.5

95.0

83.1

73.0

23.0

122.7

105.6

91.1

27.0

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

41.3

37.1

..

..

Primary, female

30.2

27.2

..

..

Secondary, male

12.6

16.4

..

..

8.8

10.8

..

..

Tertiary, male

..

0.3

..

..

Tertiary, female

..

0.3

..

..

72.2

71.0

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

32.9

..

..

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

22.6

..

..

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Secondary, female

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

30

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income

1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

22.5

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

0.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

17.1

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

22.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

92.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

10.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

92.9

..

290

290

200

78

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.1

0.2

0.3

56.2

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

29.5

32.4

34.8

23.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

68.4

68.4

69.3

77.3

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

28.6

32.9

37.4

23.9

52

67

84

2,048

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

44.2

44.8

45.2

27.4

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

41.8

41.0

40.3

17.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

51.7

49.6

47.8

48.2

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

461

573

658

41,333

Agricultural population (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

84

108

132

6,229

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

98

125

153

7,734

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

0.0

0.0

13.8

..

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

31


Egypt, Arab Republic of 1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

750

1,440

2,420

3,533

GDP ($ billions)

43.1

99.8

218.9

586.8

5.7

5.4

5.2

4.2

1,154

1,476

1,976

2,313

3.5

3.5

3.3

2.7

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

56.8

67.6

81.1

166.3

Female (% of total)

49.7

49.7

49.8

50.0

2.1

1.8

1.7

1.5

55.5

59.6

63.5

65.7

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

55.1

59.5

63.4

65.4

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

80.9

67.9

57.6

52.8

6.8

7.4

7.9

7.8

74.2

60.5

49.7

44.8

Total (years)

62.0

69.1

73.0

72.8

Male (years)

60.4

67.3

71.1

70.9

Female (years)

63.7

71.0

75.0

74.8

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

4.4

3.3

2.7

2.5

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

67.8

37.0

18.6

23.0

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

93.5

46.5

21.8

27.0

Primary, male

93.5

101.9

102.8

..

Primary, female

78.4

93.7

98.4

..

Secondary, male

77.6

85.9

73.9

..

Secondary, female

59.4

79.1

71.1

..

Tertiary, male

18.3

..

34.0

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Tertiary, female Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

9.6

..

30.7

..

80.5

92.1

95.9

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

97.9

..

..

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

90.6

..

..

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

32

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income

1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

56.1

60.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.0

0.7

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

53.9

57.6

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

10.7

9.2

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

52.9

73.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

36.7

66.0

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

60.9

78.9

..

230

100

66

78

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages Labor force, total (millions)

16.8

20.1

27.1

56.2

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

26.5

21.5

24.2

23.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

76.2

76.2

78.1

77.3

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

27.9

21.3

25.3

23.9

3,609

4,407

5,439

5,439

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

37.5

29.6

28.8

27.4

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

25.6

19.0

19.9

17.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

41.2

43.6

47.6

48.2

5.2

5.1

..

..

17.9

22.7

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

24,516

23,446

22,664

41,333

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

2,434

2,292

2,672

6,229

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

4,061

4,047

3,947

7,734

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

12.0

13.4

..

4.0

2.0

1.8

..

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

Agricultural population (thousands)

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

33


Equatorial Guinea SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

330

1,270

13,720

1,202

0.1

1.3

14.5

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

3.3

13.5

-0.8

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

555

2,410

8,537

653

0.1

9.9

-3.5

2.4

GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

0.4

0.5

0.7

844.0

48.9

48.8

48.7

50.0

3.1

3.2

2.8

2.5

56.5

52.5

56.9

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

59.1

55.0

58.7

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

72.9

85.9

72.9

84.7

7.7

6.8

5.0

5.9

65.2

79.1

67.8

78.1

Total (years)

46.8

48.7

50.8

54.2

Male (years)

45.2

47.3

49.6

53.1

Female (years)

48.4

50.2

52.2

55.3

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

5.9

5.8

5.2

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

118.2

97.9

80.5

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

189.5

152.3

120.8

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

110.0

87.9

Primary, female

..

105.1

85.4

95.8

Secondary, male

..

43.5

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

19.2

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

4.5

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

2.0

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

81.3

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

52.2

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

52.5

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

93.4

97.0

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

80.5

89.8

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

94.8

97.7

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

94.9

98.2

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

34

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


High income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

10.1

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.4

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

6.1

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

86.1

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

26.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

64.6

..

..

1,200

450

240

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.2

0.3

0.4

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.1

44.3

44.7

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

94.1

95.3

94.0

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

82.6

82.6

82.0

64.3

55

57

103

103

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

41.8

42.1

41.7

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

64.6

64.4

63.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

88.4

89.3

88.0

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

276

361

Agricultural population (thousands)

450 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

42

59

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

66

83

74

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

13.0

5.0

10.0

19.4

102 102,915

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

35


Eritrea SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

..

170

340

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

..

0.6

2.1

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

..

-13.1

2.2

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

..

173

147

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

..

-16.1

-0.8

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

3.2

3.7

5.3

844.0

51.0

51.1

50.7

50.0

1.5

3.5

3.0

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

51.8

53.4

56.4

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.3

52.0

55.4

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

95.8

89.7

78.8

84.7

5.1

4.6

4.4

5.9

90.7

85.1

74.4

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

48.2

56.0

61.0

Male (years)

46.1

53.8

58.7

53.1

Female (years)

50.5

58.3

63.4

55.3

Fertility rate

6.2

5.4

4.5

4.9

87.1

60.4

42.3

77.1

140.6

92.7

60.8

122.4

Primary, male

21.4

62.9

48.5

103.2

Primary, female

20.2

51.5

40.6

95.8

Secondary, male

..

29.7

36.3

43.5

Secondary, female

..

20.4

27.6

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

1.6

3.0

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

0.3

1.0

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

77.3

80.1

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

40.0

43.2

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

32.5

36.4

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

77.9

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

56.0

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

91.6

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

85.8

..

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

36

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

34.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

..

..

880

390

240

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

1.4

1.7

2.6

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

47.0

47.3

48.6

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

91.6

91.0

90.8

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

76.8

77.0

82.0

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

505

684

818

818

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.9

47.4

48.2

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

74.9

75.3

74.2

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

83.4

83.5

80.4

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

..

2,826

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

..

480

674

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

..

610

874 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

4.2

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

7.7

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

46.7

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

15.0

22.0

19.4

3,875 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

37


Ethiopia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

250

130

390

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

12.1

8.2

29.7

1,117.5

2.7

6.1

9.9

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

129

125

221

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-0.6

3.3

7.6

2.4

GDP growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

48.3

65.6

82.9

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.4

50.3

50.2

50.0

3.3

2.6

2.1

2.5

52.2

51.3

55.4

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.9

50.9

55.0

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

92.1

95.7

81.2

84.7

5.5

5.8

6.0

5.9

86.6

89.9

75.1

78.1 54.2

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

47.0

51.7

58.7

Male (years)

45.6

50.3

57.2

53.1

Female (years)

48.5

53.2

60.3

55.3

Fertility rate

7.1

6.1

4.2

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

110.5

87.2

67.8

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

184.1

140.7

105.9

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

44.2

66.6

106.2

Primary, female

28.9

43.2

96.8

95.8

..

17.4

39.3

43.5

Secondary, male

..

11.6

32.1

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.3

1.9

8.0

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.3

0.5

2.9

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

65.0

88.8

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

29.8

75.3

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

16.2

69.1

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Secondary, female

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

38

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

4.8

8.1

14.7

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

0.1

0.3

0.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

2.9

6.3

13.7

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

35.2

33.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

26.7

33.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

10.4

12.2

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

5.6

5.7

..

950

700

350

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages Labor force, total (millions)

21.6

29.0

40.8

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.1

45.2

47.2

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

91.8

92.2

90.7

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

74.8

75.5

80.9

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

7,198

9,641

13,562

13,562

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.9

47.1

48.2

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

73.5

74.2

74.5

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

83.2

83.7

79.8

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

44,173

53,957

64,158 471,737

Agricultural population (thousands)

7,652

10,643

14,407

10,434

13,406

17,250 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

23.6

22.8

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

2.0

27.8

19.4

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

39


Gabon SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

4,930

3,080

7,680

1,202

6.0

5.1

13.2

1,117.5

GDP ($ billions)

5.2

-1.9

6.6

5.0

4,627

4,103

4,214

653

1.9

-4.1

4.6

2.4

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

0.9

1.2

1.5

844.0

50.5

50.3

49.8

50.0

3.2

2.3

1.9

2.5

53.1

54.3

60.1

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.8

54.3

60.3

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

88.8

84.2

66.1

84.7

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population)

10.6

8.8

7.2

5.9

Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population)

78.2

75.5

58.9

78.1 54.2

Life expectancy Total (years)

61.3

59.7

62.3

Male (years)

59.8

58.5

61.3

53.1

Female (years)

62.9

60.9

63.4

55.3

Fertility rate

5.2

4.1

3.3

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

67.5

63.4

54.4

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

92.6

87.5

73.5

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

135.6

..

Primary, female

..

135.5

..

95.8

Secondary, male

..

51.6

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

44.4

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

95.9

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

91.4

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

84.1

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

98.6

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

96.6

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

40

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

32.7

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

5.1

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

11.8

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

28.0

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

94.4

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

63.3

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

30.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

85.5

..

..

270

270

230

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.3

0.4

0.6

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.2

45.5

46.3

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

72.8

68.7

66.4

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

56.1

55.2

57.1

64.3

55

70

80

80

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

47.3

45.7

46.3

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

31.5

26.5

23.3

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

37.0

31.5

26.9

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

479

466

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

104

100

83

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

104

106

99 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

33.1

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

11.5

..

..

26.0

..

..

13.0

8.0

14.7

19.4

387 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

41


Gambia, The SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

300

630

610

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

0.3

0.8

1.1

1,117.5

3.6

5.5

6.1

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

589

606

704

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-0.5

2.5

3.3

2.4

GDP growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

1.0

1.3

1.7

844.0

49.8

50.4

50.6

50.0

4.0

2.9

2.7

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

51.2

52.8

54.8

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.9

51.3

52.9

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

95.9

92.1

85.7

84.7

4.5

4.4

4.0

5.9

91.4

87.7

81.7

78.1

Total (years)

53.1

55.2

58.2

54.2

Male (years)

51.9

54.0

57.0

53.1

Female (years)

54.4

56.4

59.4

55.3

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.1

5.6

4.9

4.9

78.3

66.1

56.9

77.1

165.2

127.5

98.1

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

90.4

81.7

Primary, female

..

78.5

83.5

95.8

Secondary, male

25.4

..

55.6

43.5

Secondary, female

11.9

..

52.6

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

1.6

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

0.4

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

99.3

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

73.9

69.5

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

59.2

71.6

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

49.0

57.6

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

25.1

35.8

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

64.3

71.0

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

41.4

60.0

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

42

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health

11.8

9.5

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

0.4

0.1

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

6.7

8.7

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

90.7

97.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

44.1

54.7

56.7

..

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

700

520

360

505

Labor force and wages

0.4

0.5

0.8

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

44.7

47.0

47.9

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

85.0

83.2

83.0

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

70.1

71.5

72.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

128

180

228

228

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

50.0

51.1

50.4

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

65.2

64.7

64.3

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

68.7

66.4

64.6

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

792

1,026

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

178

238

324

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

174

223

281 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

8.0

2.0

7.5

19.4

1,314 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

43


Ghana SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

400

340

1,250

1,202

5.9

5.0

32.2

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

3.3

3.7

8.0

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

221

260

360

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

0.5

1.3

5.5

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

14.8

19.2

24.4

844.0

Female (% of total)

49.3

49.2

49.1

50.0

2.7

2.4

2.4

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

53.1

55.7

57.6

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.9

55.5

57.6

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

88.7

79.9

73.6

84.7

5.8

6.0

6.6

5.9

83.0

73.9

67.0

78.1

Total (years)

56.8

58.4

63.8

54.2

Male (years)

55.9

57.6

62.9

53.1

Female (years)

57.8

59.2

64.8

55.3

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

5.6

4.7

4.2

4.9

76.7

64.0

50.0

77.1

121.7

99.1

74.4

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

75.4

87.9

..

Primary, female

63.6

82.4

..

95.8

Secondary, male

42.2

44.4

..

43.5

Secondary, female

27.9

36.5

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

78.0

90.2

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

75.2

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

66.8

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

66.4

72.8

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

49.8

60.4

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

75.9

81.2

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

65.5

78.9

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

44

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

23.5

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

2.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

16.6

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

35.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

90.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

78.2

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

27.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

57.1

..

580

550

350

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

5.9

8.4

10.4

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

48.4

48.1

47.6

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

73.1

77.2

72.3

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

71.0

73.9

68.4

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,429

2,097

1,879

1,879

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

54.9

49.4

48.8

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

54.0

54.4

38.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

42.9

53.5

38.7

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

10.1

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

10.7

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

16.4

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

16.7

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

8,697

10,809

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,622

2,102

2,681

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,963

2,683

3,394 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

33.7

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

9.0

8.3

19.4

13,129 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

45


Guinea SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

450

400

390

1,202

2.7

3.1

4.7

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

4.3

1.9

1.9

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

363

373

550

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-0.3

0.4

-0.3

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

5.8

8.3

10.0

844.0

49.6

49.5

49.5

50.0

4.5

1.4

2.2

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

52.5

52.5

53.8

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.0

52.4

53.8

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

91.3

90.7

86.0

84.7

6.3

6.3

6.2

5.9

85.0

84.4

79.8

78.1

Total (years)

43.7

48.1

53.6

54.2

Male (years)

42.5

46.7

52.1

53.1

Female (years)

44.9

49.6

55.3

55.3

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.7

6.0

5.2

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

135.4

105.6

81.2

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

229.2

175.0

129.9

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

44.9

70.5

102.6

Primary, female

21.0

48.4

85.9

95.8

Secondary, male

15.3

..

..

43.5

Secondary, female

5.2

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

2.0

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.2

..

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

44.0

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

28.5

43.9

74.9

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

8.7

20.2

53.0

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

50.8

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

28.1

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

68.1

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

53.8

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

46

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

9.1

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.1

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

4.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

21.2

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

88.4

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

50.3

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

17.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

46.1

..

1,200

970

610

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.3

3.3

4.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.1

44.6

45.2

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

79.7

79.5

79.5

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

65.8

64.9

66.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

573

858

1,077

1,077

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.1

45.9

46.8

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

50.6

50.1

51.7

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

56.8

56.8

56.9

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

5,019

6,996

7,964 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,176

1,648

1,905

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,195

1,672

1,927 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

16.7

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

9.0

..

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

47


Guinea-Bissau SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

220

180

580

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

0.2

0.2

0.8

1,117.5

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

6.1

7.5

3.5

5.0

183

174

161

653

4.0

5.4

1.4

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

1.0

1.2

1.5

844.0

50.5

50.5

50.4

50.0

2.0

1.9

2.1

2.5

52.9

53.8

55.5

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.6

53.4

55.2

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

89.5

86.7

80.6

84.7

6.6

6.2

6.0

5.9

82.9

80.5

74.6

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

42.8

44.9

47.7

Male (years)

41.4

43.5

46.2

53.1

Female (years)

44.4

46.3

49.2

55.3

Fertility rate

6.6

5.8

5.1

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

124.5

106.6

92.0

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

209.9

176.8

149.5

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

94.1

127.1

Primary, female

..

63.3

119.2

95.8

Secondary, male

..

23.9

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

13.1

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

0.7

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

0.1

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

65.4

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

38.1

75.3

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

21.4

60.0

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

57.6

66.9

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

27.5

38.0

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

74.8

78.2

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

45.9

63.6

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

7.6

14.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.1

0.7

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

3.6

6.1

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

25.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

62.1

93.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

70.0

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

24.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

34.7

44.0

..

1,100

970

790

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.4

0.5

0.6

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

44.5

45.5

47.3

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

79.7

79.7

79.4

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

61.9

64.6

69.4

64.3

93

128

167

167

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.2

46.9

48.5

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

45.7

49.6

53.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

54.0

56.6

56.7

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

867

1,024

Agricultural population (thousands)

1,202 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

153

178

203

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

185

213

244 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

20.0

..

10.0

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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2012/13

49


Kenya SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

380

420

810

1,202

8.6

12.7

32.2

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

4.2

0.6

5.6

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

450

406

469

653

0.7

-1.9

2.8

2.4

GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

23.4

31.3

40.5

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.2

50.1

50.1

50.0

3.4

2.6

2.6

2.5

48.7

53.2

55.0

54.5

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

47.9

52.6

54.8

54.2

107.0

89.0

82.2

84.7

5.6

5.3

4.8

5.9

101.5

83.7

77.3

78.1

Total (years)

59.3

52.3

56.5

54.2

Male (years)

57.5

51.3

55.4

53.1

Female (years)

61.3

53.3

57.6

55.3

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.0

5.0

4.7

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

64.3

68.6

55.1

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

99.4

111.1

84.7

122.4

102.3

95.9

..

103.2

98.8

94.5

..

95.8

Secondary, male

..

40.2

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

38.2

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

3.6

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

1.9

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

97.6

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

77.7

90.5

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

70.2

83.5

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

79.8

91.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

80.7

93.6

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male Primary, female

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

45.5

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.8

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

38.9

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

25.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

76.2

91.5

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

47.1

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

73.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

43.8

..

400

490

360

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

9.0

11.9

15.5

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

47.3

46.8

46.5

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

80.1

73.3

71.9

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

70.1

63.3

61.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

2,641

3,049

3,372

3,372

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

48.7

46.3

44.9

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

55.2

41.4

35.9

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

58.5

47.7

43.9

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

18,647

23,576

Agricultural population (thousands)

28,605 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

3,873

5,311

6,435

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

3,973

5,446

6,785 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

33.9

..

1.0

4.0

9.8

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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2012/13

51


Lesotho SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

540

530

1,100

1,202

0.5

0.7

2.2

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

6.5

5.7

5.6

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

308

380

496

653

4.5

4.1

4.5

2.4

GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

1.6

2.0

2.2

844.0

52.7

51.8

50.9

50.0

1.8

1.5

1.0

2.5

53.6

55.5

58.5

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

49.6

53.0

58.1

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

93.5

84.1

71.5

84.7

8.2

8.2

7.4

5.9

85.3

75.9

64.1

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

59.3

47.6

47.4

Male (years)

57.5

47.2

48.1

53.1

Female (years)

61.2

48.0

46.6

55.3

Fertility rate

4.9

4.1

3.2

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

72.0

87.5

64.6

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

89.3

126.8

85.0

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

97.9

109.5

104.5

Primary, female

119.2

113.4

102.0

95.8

Secondary, male

20.0

26.0

39.0

43.5

Secondary, female

Primary, male

29.3

34.3

53.9

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.2

1.6

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

1.5

2.6

..

5.2

123.8

107.5

106.1

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

41.4

50.3

60.4

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

75.5

69.3

78.9

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

80.0

82.9

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

92.0

95.3

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

84.8

85.7

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

97.5

98.1

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

30.4

47.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

1.8

9.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

29.4

45.6

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

84.7

91.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

70.4

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

64.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

59.8

61.5

..

520

690

620

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.7

0.8

0.9

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

49.7

49.1

46.0

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

84.0

81.0

74.5

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

68.4

69.0

60.0

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

218

274

229

229

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

45.9

44.9

41.5

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

60.1

56.6

37.7

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

74.4

68.9

52.6

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

724

819

844 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

202

233

238

99

114

125 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

18.4

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

21.6

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

37.3

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

4.0

24.2

19.4

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

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2012/13

53


Liberia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy

..

190

210

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

0.4

0.5

1.0

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-51.0

25.7

10.3

5.0

192

186

261

653

-50.3

19.7

5.9

2.4

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

2.1

2.8

4.0

844.0

50.2

50.1

49.8

50.0

-1.5

4.9

4.0

2.5

52.2

54.1

54.0

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.4

53.5

53.5

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

93.0

85.9

86.2

84.7

5.1

4.8

5.2

5.9

88.0

81.0

81.0

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

42.3

46.0

56.1

Male (years)

40.7

44.8

55.2

53.1

Female (years)

43.9

47.2

57.2

55.3

Fertility rate

6.5

5.8

5.2

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

151.2

115.1

73.6

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

226.6

168.9

102.6

122.4

Primary, male

..

128.6

..

103.2

Primary, female

..

94.5

..

95.8

Secondary, male

..

40.3

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

29.2

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

24.5

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

13.6

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

73.3

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

63.7

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

54.5

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

70.4

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

80.9

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

10.0

11.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.6

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

10.3

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

35.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

84.4

79.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

66.0

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

16.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

50.9

46.3

..

1,200

1,300

770

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.7

1.0

1.4

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

47.2

49.0

47.7

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

64.2

61.8

64.2

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

56.7

59.1

58.9

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

151

206

274

274

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

47.7

49.0

48.9

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

34.7

34.5

34.9

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

37.8

35.5

35.7

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

3.4

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

4.1

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

3.9

..

7.7

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)

..

..

1,538

1,923

2,477 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

259

320

402

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

310

392

511 102,915

97,543

Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

53.0

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

29.9

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

30.0

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

..

12.5

19.4

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2012/13

55


Libya 1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Economy

..

..

..

3,533

GDP ($ billions)

28.9

33.9

..

586.8

GDP growth (%)

..

3.7

..

4.2

GDP per capita (2000 $)

..

6,480

..

2,313

GDP per capita growth (%)

..

1.8

..

2.7

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

Basic demographic indicators Population

4.3

5.2

6.4

166.3

47.6

48.6

49.3

50.0

2.0

1.9

1.5

1.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

52.5

64.1

65.5

65.7

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

55.3

64.4

65.1

65.4

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

85.4

55.6

53.2

52.8

4.8

5.3

6.6

7.8

80.6

50.4

46.6

44.8

Total (years)

68.1

72.5

74.8

72.8

Male (years)

65.8

70.0

72.2

70.9

Female (years)

70.5

75.2

77.4

74.8

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

4.8

3.1

2.6

2.5

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

32.9

21.6

13.4

23.0

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

44.5

27.2

16.9

27.0

Primary, male

..

120.7

..

..

Primary, female

..

119.2

..

..

Secondary, male

..

..

..

..

Secondary, female

..

..

..

..

Tertiary, male

..

47.5

..

..

Tertiary, female

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

..

46.2

..

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

95.2

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

82.0

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

99.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

99.8

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

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Upper middle income

1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

93.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

99.8

..

99

67

58

78

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

1.2

1.8

2.4

56.2

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

17.7

26.1

28.0

23.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

75.0

75.2

79.9

77.3

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

18.9

28.6

32.0

23.9

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

286

454

420

420

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

23.1

30.6

31.7

27.4

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

14.7

21.8

24.2

17.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

47.3

48.2

50.0

48.2

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

449

302

193

41,333

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

53

62

50

6,229

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

74

41

21

7,734

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

..

7.7

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

Women’s empowerment

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Madagascar SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

250

250

430

1,202

3.1

3.9

8.7

1,117.5

3.1

4.8

1.6

5.0

289

252

243

653

0.1

1.5

-1.3

2.4

Total (millions)

11.3

15.4

20.7

844.0

Female (% of total)

49.9

50.1

50.2

50.0

2.9

3.1

2.9

2.5

52.3

51.8

53.9

54.5

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.9

51.4

53.6

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

91.8

93.8

86.0

84.7

6.1

6.1

5.8

5.9

85.7

87.7

80.2

78.1 54.2

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

50.7

59.7

66.5

Male (years)

49.6

58.2

64.9

53.1

Female (years)

52.0

61.2

68.1

55.3

Fertility rate

6.3

5.5

4.7

4.9

97.0

65.3

43.1

77.1

158.8

101.5

62.1

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

103.7

104.7

149.8

Primary, female

99.4

100.7

147.3

95.8

Secondary, male

19.1

..

..

43.5

Secondary, female

Primary, male

18.1

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

3.9

2.4

3.9

8.3

Tertiary, female

3.1

2.1

3.5

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

95.6

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

36.3

36.9

71.7

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

37.7

37.3

73.2

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

76.5

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

65.3

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

72.7

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

68.2

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

18.8

39.9

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

0.4

1.1

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

11.8

28.2

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

18.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

71.2

86.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

49.3

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

46.2

43.9

..

640

400

240

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

5.4

7.3

10.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

48.4

48.7

48.9

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

89.6

90.5

89.5

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

85.3

85.9

85.4

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,660

2,171

2,992

2,992

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

49.6

49.5

49.5

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

73.5

74.3

72.1

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

74.5

75.8

73.6

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

6.0

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

5.7

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)

..

..

8,889

11,498

14,529 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

2,185

2,814

3,878

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,844

2,429

3,378 102,915

97,543

Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

50.0

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

0.0

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

22.3

..

7.0

8.0

..

19.4

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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59


Malawi SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

180

160

330

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

1.9

1.7

5.1

1,117.5

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

5.7

1.6

6.5

5.0

133

155

185

653

2.0

-1.2

3.2

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

9.4

11.2

14.9

844.0

50.8

50.4

50.0

50.0

3.6

2.8

3.1

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

52.3

51.6

51.3

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.5

50.6

50.9

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

94.4

95.6

95.7

84.7

5.2

6.0

6.0

5.9

89.2

89.6

89.7

78.1

Total (years)

47.1

46.0

53.5

54.2

Male (years)

46.0

45.7

53.4

53.1

Female (years)

48.3

46.4

53.5

55.3

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.8

6.1

6.0

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

130.9

98.7

58.1

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

222.1

166.5

92.1

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

75.1

141.2

133.0

Primary, female

65.1

136.5

138.0

95.8

Secondary, male

21.0

36.7

33.6

43.5

Secondary, female

12.0

27.6

30.6

35.6

Tertiary, male

0.8

0.5

0.9

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.3

0.2

0.5

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

80.9

92.8

101.3

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

31.9

69.1

65.4

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

24.2

61.8

68.1

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

80.6

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

67.0

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

86.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

86.0

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

30.6

41.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

1.6

2.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

25.7

42.2

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

29.7

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

91.4

94.7

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

56.0

45.5

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

58.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

55.6

53.6

..

1,100

840

460

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

3.9

4.8

6.7

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

50.8

49.7

51.5

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

79.1

80.6

80.3

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

75.9

77.0

84.9

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

972

1,305

1,812

1,812

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

54.7

52.3

54.6

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

59.8

61.7

65.5

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

50.6

56.1

53.9

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

7,738

8,758

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,882

2,231

2,889

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,495

1,676

2,020 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

23.9

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

15.6

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

26.6

24.7

..

10.0

8.0

20.8

19.4

10,856 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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61


Mali SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

260

230

600

1,202

2.4

2.4

9.4

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-1.9

3.2

5.8

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

188

214

273

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-3.7

0.2

2.6

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

11.3

15.4

844.0

50.4

50.0

50.0

1.9

2.9

3.0

2.5

50.8

51.3

51.3

54.5

48.2

49.3

50.0

54.2

102.0

98.8

97.5

84.7

6.0

5.0

4.3

5.9

96.0

93.8

93.1

78.1 54.2

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

8.7 50.7

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

44.2

47.2

51.0

Male (years)

43.1

46.2

49.9

53.1

Female (years)

45.2

48.3

52.1

55.3

Fertility rate

7.1

6.8

6.3

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

131.0

113.4

99.2

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

255.4

213.2

178.1

122.4

Primary, male

35.2

62.8

85.9

103.2

Primary, female

21.0

47.3

74.7

95.8

Secondary, male

8.9

21.1

44.3

43.5

Secondary, female

4.4

11.9

30.9

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.0

2.5

8.1

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.2

1.2

3.4

5.2

57.6

71.1

81.9

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

35.7

60.8

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

22.7

48.7

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

8.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

0.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

6.3

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

31.2

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

70.4

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

35.4

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

49.0

..

1,100

740

540

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.3

3.1

4.3

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

38.9

37.5

35.5

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

67.1

67.7

70.9

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

39.6

38.5

37.9

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

685

946

1,240

1,240

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

38.1

37.7

37.4

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

31.0

31.1

31.2

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

49.9

49.7

50.3

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

7,378

9,112

Agricultural population (thousands)

11,516 471,737

707

862

1,246

1,513

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

58.3

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

21.0

..

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,133

97,543

1,916 102,915

Women’s empowerment

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

12.3

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

12.0

10.2

19.4

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2012/13

63


Mauritania SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy

490

530

1,000

1,202

1.0

1.3

3.6

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-1.8

-0.4

5.2

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

487

490

609

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-4.4

-3.3

2.7

2.4

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

Basic demographic indicators Population

2.0

2.6

3.5

844.0

50.2

50.0

49.7

50.0

2.7

2.9

2.4

2.5

53.2

55.0

57.5

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.8

54.2

57.4

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

90.5

83.0

74.1

84.7

5.0

4.9

4.7

5.9

85.5

78.1

69.5

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

55.9

57.0

58.2

Male (years)

54.5

55.5

56.6

53.1

Female (years)

57.5

58.6

60.0

55.3

Fertility rate

5.9

5.2

4.5

4.9

80.3

77.0

75.3

77.1

124.1

115.6

111.2

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

53.9

85.6

99.5

Primary, female

40.6

83.2

104.5

95.8

Secondary, male

18.3

20.9

26.4

43.5

Secondary, female

8.5

15.5

22.4

35.6

Tertiary, male

5.3

..

6.1

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.7

..

2.5

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

68.9

93.1

101.2

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

36.0

..

73.6

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

21.8

..

76.0

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

59.5

64.5

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

43.4

50.3

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

67.7

70.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

55.5

64.3

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13


Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

9.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

0.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

8.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

24.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

75.4

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

60.9

..

760

630

510

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.5

0.8

1.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

20.0

23.3

26.5

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

78.6

79.0

79.9

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

18.9

23.6

29.0

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

145

205

276

276

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

20.0

23.9

27.5

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

14.7

18.4

22.4

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

56.8

56.9

56.8

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

8.9

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

41.2

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

1,096

1,393

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

210

290

404

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

226

280

340 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

29.1

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

4.0

22.1

19.4

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)

1,741 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

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65


Mauritius SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

2,440

3,870

7,780

1,202

2.7

4.6

9.7

1,117.5

GDP ($ billions)

7.2

9.0

4.1

5.0

2,575

3,861

5,181

653

6.2

8.0

3.7

2.4

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

1.1

1.2

1.3

844.0

50.1

50.4

50.6

50.0

0.9

1.0

0.5

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

65.4

67.3

70.7

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

66.2

67.9

71.7

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

52.0

48.0

40.4

84.7

6.9

8.4

9.7

5.9

45.1

39.5

30.7

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

69.4

71.7

73.0

Male (years)

65.6

68.2

69.5

53.1

Female (years)

73.4

75.3

76.7

55.3

Fertility rate

2.3

2.0

1.5

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

20.7

16.4

13.0

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

23.9

18.6

15.1

122.4

Primary, male

111.2

101.8

99.1

103.2

Primary, female

112.4

101.1

99.7

95.8

Secondary, male

52.3

76.6

89.5

43.5

Secondary, female

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

52.5

73.9

89.3

35.6

Tertiary, male

3.8

11.5

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

2.3

10.0

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

100.4

98.1

100.1

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

113.8

96.2

95.7

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

113.5

94.8

96.3

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

85.1

88.2

90.6

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

74.7

80.5

85.3

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

90.7

93.7

95.5

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

91.7

95.4

97.6

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

.. ..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%) Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

..

..

..

91.1

..

99.2

..

68

28

60

505

Labor force and wages

0.4

0.5

0.6

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

31.8

34.5

37.7

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

85.4

85.2

80.5

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

40.3

44.8

48.3

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

120

106

88

88

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

34.2

35.8

40.9

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

37.7

36.7

33.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

55.4

Labor force, total (millions)

70.9

64.4

47.3

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

8.3

4.6

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

9.6

12.8

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

19.4

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

29.0

..

173

138

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

21

16

12

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

54

46

36 102,915

Agricultural population (thousands)

104 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

16.9

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

0.0

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

7.0

8.0

18.8

19.4

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

67


Morocco 1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

990

1,310

2,850

3,533

GDP ($ billions)

25.8

37.0

90.8

586.8

4.0

1.6

3.7

4.2

1,172

1,272

1,844

2,313

2.0

0.3

2.6

2.7

Total (millions)

24.8

28.8

32.0

166.3

Female (% of total)

50.1

50.5

51.0

50.0

1.9

1.2

1.0

1.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

57.3

62.6

67.2

65.7

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

55.6

60.9

65.8

65.4

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

77.1

62.0

50.4

52.8

6.8

7.6

8.3

7.8

70.4

54.4

42.1

44.8

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

64.1

68.7

71.9

72.8

Male (years)

62.3

66.6

69.7

70.9

Female (years)

66.1

70.9

74.2

74.8

Fertility rate

4.0

2.7

2.3

2.5

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

66.8

46.2

30.4

23.0

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

85.9

55.3

35.5

27.0

Primary, male

80.5

100.1

115.0

..

Primary, female

54.3

84.5

107.6

..

Secondary, male

43.7

42.5

..

..

Secondary, female

31.1

33.7

..

..

Tertiary, male

13.6

11.0

..

..

8.2

8.0

..

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

68.8

82.6

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

60.7

63.7

87.4

..

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

41.8

50.8

81.9

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Tertiary, female

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

68.9

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

43.9

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

86.7

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

72.1

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Lower middle income

1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

..

..

300

170

100

78

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

7.9

10.2

11.4

56.2

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

25.3

27.9

27.1

23.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

83.1

82.0

78.3

77.3

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

27.1

30.5

26.4

23.9

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

2,414

2,822

2,256

2,256

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

29.2

30.6

26.4

27.4

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

28.4

28.2

19.0

17.7 48.2

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

67.7

64.7

53.0

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

14.2

13.8

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

20.4

13.0

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

30.9

20.9

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

31.6

15.7

..

..

10,408

9,696

8,260

41,333

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,163

1,457

1,436

6,229

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

2,101

1,915

1,572

7,734

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

17.1

..

0.0

1.0

10.5

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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Mozambique SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

170

230

440

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

2.5

4.2

9.2

1,117.5

1.0

1.1

6.8

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

184

233

384

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-0.3

-1.5

4.4

2.4

Total (millions)

13.5

18.2

23.4

844.0

Female (% of total)

52.2

52.0

51.3

50.0

1.3

2.6

2.3

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

51.8

54.4

53.5

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

48.4

51.4

51.6

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

99.4

88.8

90.1

84.7

6.5

6.0

6.3

5.9

92.9

82.8

83.8

78.1 54.2

GDP growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

43.2

47.2

49.7

Male (years)

41.6

45.6

48.7

53.1

Female (years)

44.8

49.0

50.7

55.3

Fertility rate

6.2

5.7

4.9

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

146.2

118.9

92.2

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

218.7

176.7

135.0

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

71.7

85.2

121.1

Primary, female

54.1

64.3

109.0

95.8

Secondary, male

8.9

7.5

28.0

43.5

Secondary, female

5.0

4.7

22.9

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

72.7

74.9

89.0

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

32.2

19.8

65.7

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

20.7

12.6

55.4

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

70.1

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

41.5

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

78.1

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

63.7

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

16.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

0.8

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

12.2

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

75.8

92.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

70.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

55.3

..

910

710

490

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

6.0

8.7

11.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

55.5

55.0

53.6

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

80.4

82.5

82.7

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

85.9

88.3

86.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,949

2,579

3,045

3,045

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

55.1

56.0

54.3

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

79.4

78.5

71.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

68.4

64.4

60.6

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

10,907

14,296

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

3,242

4,558

5,656

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,966

2,534

3,018 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

26.4

..

16.0

..

39.2

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

17,781 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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71


Namibia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

1,720

1,950

4,250

1,202

2.4

3.9

11.1

1,117.5

GDP ($ billions)

2.5

3.5

6.6

5.0

1,831

2,062

2,696

653

-1.4

1.0

4.7

2.4

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

1.4

1.9

2.3

844.0

51.1

50.7

50.3

50.0

3.9

2.4

1.8

2.5

53.7

56.7

60.0

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.2

55.9

59.8

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

88.8

77.6

66.9

84.7

6.4

6.0

6.1

5.9

82.4

71.6

60.8

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

60.8

57.7

62.1

Male (years)

58.9

56.7

61.5

53.1

Female (years)

62.8

58.7

62.7

55.3

Fertility rate

5.2

4.0

3.2

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

49.3

48.7

29.3

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

73.1

73.9

40.1

122.4

Primary, male

113.1

114.2

..

103.2

Primary, female

122.7

115.4

..

95.8

Secondary, male

33.8

56.6

..

43.5

Secondary, female

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

42.1

63.7

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

110.8

103.7

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

85.4

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

97.4

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

88.9

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

88.1

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

91.1

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

94.9

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

43.7

55.1

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

5.2

10.6

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

42.6

53.5

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

22.1

20.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

90.6

94.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

69.1

70.4

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

88.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

75.5

81.4

..

200

280

200

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.4

0.6

0.9

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

44.5

44.4

46.3

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

66.2

65.8

71.6

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

49.3

50.2

60.5

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

108

119

192

192

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.3

45.4

47.4

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

34.4

28.2

37.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

40.1

33.5

41.7

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

19.1

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

21.6

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

41.9

..

..

..

45.8

..

..

810

930

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)

935 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

107

115

117

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

112

137

149 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

41.5

44.0

..

7.0

22.0

24.4

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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2012/13

73


Niger SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

300

180

360

1,202

2.5

1.8

5.4

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-1.3

-1.4

8.0

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

193

165

179

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-4.2

-4.8

4.2

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

7.8

10.9

15.5

844.0

50.7

49.9

49.7

50.0

3.0

3.5

3.5

2.5

51.4

50.5

49.6

54.5

47.9

48.4

48.1

54.2

101.3

102.3

104.8

84.7

4.1

4.2

4.5

5.9

97.2

98.1

100.3

78.1

Total (years)

41.4

48.3

54.3

54.2

Male (years)

41.1

47.9

53.8

53.1

Female (years)

41.8

48.7

54.7

55.3

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

7.8

7.5

7.1

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

131.6

97.8

72.5

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

311.0

217.8

143.3

122.4

Primary, male

32.2

38.4

72.5

103.2

Primary, female

19.4

26.5

59.7

95.8

Secondary, male

9.0

8.8

16.1

43.5

Secondary, female

3.4

5.2

10.6

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.5

..

2.2

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.2

..

0.8

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

53.0

65.1

78.3

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

20.4

22.3

46.6

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

10.8

14.9

35.5

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

14.0

18.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.0

0.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

4.3

5.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

15.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

41.0

46.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

14.9

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

15.7

17.7

..

1,200

870

590

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.3

3.5

5.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

22.6

30.9

31.2

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

93.1

89.0

91.1

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

24.8

38.4

40.2

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

685

1,024

1,610

1,610

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

24.7

33.6

31.8

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

22.2

33.6

35.1

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

85.5

76.8

80.4

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

6,888

9,365

Agricultural population (thousands)

12,859 471,737

821

1,096

1,542

1,426

2,002

2,694 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

17.6

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

11.3

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

18.5

..

5.0

1.0

..

19.4

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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2012/13

75


Nigeria SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

260

270

1,170

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

28.5

46.0

196.8

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

8.2

5.4

7.8

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

359

372

540

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

5.5

2.9

5.2

2.4

Total (millions)

97.6

123.7

158.4

844.0

Female (% of total)

49.7

49.5

49.4

50.0

2.5

2.4

2.5

2.5

52.3

53.9

53.9

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.8

53.4

53.7

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

92.2

86.4

85.9

84.7

6.1

6.0

6.3

5.9

86.1

80.4

79.6

78.1

Total (years)

45.6

46.3

51.4

54.2

Male (years)

44.5

45.5

50.6

53.1

Female (years)

46.9

47.1

52.2

55.3

Basic demographic indicators Population

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.4

5.9

5.5

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

126.0

111.5

88.4

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

212.6

186.0

142.9

122.4

Primary, male

95.1

107.6

87.1

103.2

Primary, female

73.1

87.7

79.3

95.8

Secondary, male

27.7

26.3

46.8

43.5

Secondary, female

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

20.9

22.2

41.2

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

76.5

82.0

90.1

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

78.8

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

69.7

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

72.0

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

49.8

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

78.1

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

65.3

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

6.0

..

14.6

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

0.4

..

2.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

3.5

..

8.1

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

20.5

..

20.2

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

56.5

..

57.7

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

52.0

..

44.8

.. ..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

22.0

30.8

..

38.9

..

1,100

970

630

505

Labor force, total (millions)

30.6

39.2

50.3

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

34.5

40.1

42.8

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

75.8

67.0

62.9

76.7

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

39.3

44.9

48.0

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

6,050

8,899

11,557

11,557

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

33.3

42.1

45.5

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

22.4

30.5

34.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

43.8

40.4

40.0

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

41,925

41,133

Agricultural population (thousands)

39,405 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

4,336

4,377

4,814

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

8,354

8,067

7,453 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

14.3

..

19.3

..

..

..

7.0

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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2012/13

77


Rwanda SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

360

250

520

1,202

2.6

1.7

5.6

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-2.4

8.1

7.2

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

235

214

337

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-2.2

1.2

4.0

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

7.1

8.1

10.6

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.7

51.2

50.9

50.0

Population growth (%)

-0.2

6.6

3.0

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

48.9

52.6

55.1

54.5

Total (millions)

48.6

51.4

54.3

54.2

105.2

92.4

82.8

84.7

4.4

5.0

4.9

5.9

100.8

87.4

78.0

78.1

Total (years)

32.8

46.5

55.1

54.2

Male (years)

31.1

45.6

53.8

53.1

Female (years)

34.6

47.4

56.4

55.3

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

7.0

5.8

5.4

4.9

98.5

105.7

59.1

77.1

162.8

176.7

91.1

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

77.4

105.7

141.1

Primary, female

76.1

102.5

144.0

95.8

Secondary, male

19.2

11.4

31.9

43.5

Secondary, female

15.6

10.8

32.4

35.6

Tertiary, male

0.9

..

6.2

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.2

..

4.8

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

94.8

96.6

101.9

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

50.4

24.7

65.4

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

47.9

21.0

73.8

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

71.4

75.0

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

59.8

66.8

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

78.5

77.0

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

76.9

77.4

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

13.2

51.6

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.4

1.9

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

4.3

26.1

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

35.6

37.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

91.5

98.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

10.4

35.4

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

65.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

31.3

69.0

..

910

840

340

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

3.2

3.8

5.2

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

51.0

52.3

51.8

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

89.5

86.4

86.2

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

89.8

88.3

88.2

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,068

1,317

1,625

1,625

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

51.4

51.7

51.4

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

81.8

77.1

75.0

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

79.6

74.8

72.1

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

6,536

7,355

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,523

1,812

2,460

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,301

1,430

1,900 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

36.1

31.4

..

17.0

17.0

56.3

19.4

9,494 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

..

79


São Tomé and Príncipe SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

..

..

1,250

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

..

..

0.2

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

..

..

4.5

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

..

..

..

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

..

..

2.7

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

0.1

0.1

0.2

844.0

50.4

50.4

50.5

50.0

2.2

1.8

1.8

2.5

49.5

53.7

56.1

54.5

48.5

52.5

55.5

54.2

104.1

88.3

79.2

84.7

8.9

8.2

6.9

5.9

95.2

80.2

72.2

78.1

Total (years)

60.9

62.4

64.3

54.2

Male (years)

60.0

61.3

63.0

53.1

Female (years)

61.8

63.5

65.8

55.3

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

5.4

4.6

3.7

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

61.0

57.1

53.1

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

93.8

87.0

79.9

122.4

Primary, male

142.1

..

130.9

103.2

Primary, female

130.4

..

130.4

95.8

Secondary, male

..

..

50.2

43.5

Secondary, female

..

..

51.7

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

4.5

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

4.4

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

100.4

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

81.5

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

89.2

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

93.7

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

84.0

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

94.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

95.8

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

29.3

38.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.1

5.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

27.4

33.1

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

37.2

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

90.6

97.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

72.4

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

78.6

81.7

..

150

110

70

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.0

0.0

0.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

33.4

35.3

37.2

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

81.1

76.6

78.9

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

39.9

40.8

45.8

64.3

10

13

15

15

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

30.0

30.8

33.3

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

27.3

26.3

26.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

60.7

55.9

54.4

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

12.5

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

17.8

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

79

88

95 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

10

12

16

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

14

15

16 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

39.0

..

12.0

9.0

18.2

19.4

97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

81


Senegal SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

740

530

1,080

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

5.7

4.7

12.9

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-0.7

3.2

4.1

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

478

494

562

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-3.6

0.6

1.4

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

7.2

9.5

12.4

844.0

50.0

50.3

50.4

50.0

3.0

2.6

2.7

2.5

50.8

52.7

54.6

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.1

51.4

53.2

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

98.3

92.1

85.5

84.7

4.7

4.9

4.5

5.9

93.6

87.2

81.0

78.1 54.2

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

53.2

55.7

59.0

Male (years)

52.3

54.7

57.9

53.1

Female (years)

54.3

56.8

60.0

55.3

Fertility rate

6.6

5.5

4.8

4.9

69.7

63.3

49.8

77.1

138.6

118.8

75.2

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

63.5

75.6

84.4

Primary, female

46.1

65.6

89.3

95.8

Secondary, male

19.9

19.9

39.9

43.5

Secondary, female

10.1

13.0

34.9

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

9.9

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

5.9

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

67.4

82.3

99.9

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

51.5

46.4

57.9

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

32.3

34.0

60.6

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

61.8

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

38.7

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

74.2

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

56.2

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

11.8

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.5

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

10.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

31.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

79.0

93.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

39.8

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

57.8

51.9

..

670

500

370

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.9

3.9

5.4

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

41.5

42.9

43.9

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

90.7

89.8

89.7

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

63.1

65.0

66.9

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

987

1,338

1,715

1,715

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

39.6

39.8

39.9

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

54.2

53.8

53.3

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

82.6

81.2

79.6

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

5,535

6,986

8,734 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,047

1,350

1,811

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,249

1,579

2,011 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

20.0

..

13.0

12.0

22.7

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

83


Seychelles SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

5,020

7,420

10,460

1,202

0.4

0.6

1.0

1,117.5

GDP ($ billions)

7.0

4.3

6.7

5.0

5,645

7,579

8,788

653

6.1

3.3

7.7

2.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

844.0

..

..

..

50.0

0.9

0.9

-0.9

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

..

..

..

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

..

..

..

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

..

..

..

84.7

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population)

..

..

..

5.9

Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population)

..

..

..

78.1 54.2

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Life expectancy Total (years)

..

..

73.0

Male (years)

..

..

68.4

53.1

Female (years)

..

..

77.9

55.3

Fertility rate

..

2.1

2.5

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

14.0

11.6

11.7

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

16.6

13.8

13.5

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

111.8

117.2

Primary, female

..

113.1

117.2

95.8

Secondary, male

..

101.8

114.4

43.5

Secondary, female

..

107.4

124.7

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

103.0

104.0

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

106.1

134.6

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

107.1

131.6

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

..

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

..

..

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

..

..

..

505

Labor force, total (millions)

..

..

..

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

..

..

..

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

..

..

..

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

..

..

..

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

..

..

..

..

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

..

..

..

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

..

..

..

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

..

..

..

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

59

62

64 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

13

14

15

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

13

14

15 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

16.0

24.0

23.5

19.4

Labor force and wages

97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

85


Sierra Leone SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)

200

150

340

1,202

0.6

0.6

1.9

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

3.4

3.8

5.0

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

255

153

268

653

2.1

0.9

2.7

2.4

GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

4.0

4.1

5.9

844.0

51.2

51.4

51.2

50.0

1.3

2.8

2.2

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

55.5

56.0

55.8

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

54.6

55.0

54.4

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

81.6

80.2

81.4

84.7

4.7

3.8

3.4

5.9

76.9

76.4

78.0

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

38.7

39.7

47.4

Male (years)

37.4

38.5

46.8

53.1

Female (years)

40.1

41.0

48.0

55.3

Fertility rate

5.7

5.7

5.0

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

162.1

141.9

113.7

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

276.0

232.8

174.0

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

62.3

..

..

Primary, female

41.2

..

..

95.8

Secondary, male

22.4

..

..

43.5

Secondary, female

11.0

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

1.9

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

1.5

..

5.2

61.8

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

52.7

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

30.1

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

67.6

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

48.1

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

4.3

8.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.1

0.6

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

3.9

6.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

27.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

67.9

86.9

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

56.1

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

19.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

41.7

42.4

..

1,300

1,300

890

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

1.5

1.6

2.3

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

50.3

53.2

50.7

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

68.3

63.9

69.6

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

66.5

68.7

67.8

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

307

340

503

503

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

58.6

57.6

56.1

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

45.9

45.9

48.5

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

35.1

35.2

39.8

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

2,819

2,692

Agricultural population (thousands)

3,522 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

641

601

817

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

442

440

509 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

7.9

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

7.1

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

22.4

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

9.0

13.2

19.4

Women’s empowerment

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2012/13

87


Somalia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

150

..

..

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

0.9

..

..

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-1.5

..

..

5.0

..

..

..

653

-1.9

..

..

2.4

GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

6.6

7.4

9.3

844.0

50.5

50.5

50.4

50.0

0.4

2.8

2.3

2.5

52.9

53.4

52.6

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.4

52.8

52.1

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

90.0

88.3

91.0

84.7

5.6

5.2

5.2

5.9

84.4

83.1

85.8

78.1

Total (years)

44.5

48.3

50.9

54.2

Male (years)

43.0

46.7

49.4

53.1

Female (years)

46.1

49.9

52.5

55.3

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.6

6.5

6.3

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

108.3

108.3

108.3

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

180.0

180.0

180.0

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

..

..

Primary, female

..

..

..

95.8

Secondary, male

..

..

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

14.6

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

0.0

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

1.2

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

26.2

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

26.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

6.3

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

33.0

..

890

1,000

1,000

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.1

2.3

2.9

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

31.8

32.8

33.6

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

80.0

79.7

78.9

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

36.5

37.9

39.0

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

639

675

779

779

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

34.7

35.1

35.4

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

33.7

33.1

31.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

64.0

61.6

58.2

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

4,889

5,190

Agricultural population (thousands)

6,121 471,737

833

927

1,042

1,121

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

4.0

..

6.8

19.4

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,119

97,543

1,321 102,915

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

2012/13

89


South Africa SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

3,390

3,050

6,090

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

112.0

132.9

363.5

1,117.5

-0.3

4.2

2.9

5.0

3,152

3,020

3,753

653

-2.3

1.6

1.5

2.4

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

35.2

44.0

50.0

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.5

50.8

50.5

50.0

2.0

2.5

1.4

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

57.7

62.7

64.6

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

58.0

62.6

65.8

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

72.8

59.6

53.3

84.7

5.5

5.9

7.1

5.9

67.3

53.8

46.2

78.1

Total (years)

61.5

54.8

52.1

54.2

Male (years)

57.9

52.3

51.4

53.1

Female (years)

65.3

57.3

52.8

55.3

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

3.7

2.9

2.5

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

46.6

54.3

40.7

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

59.8

77.9

56.6

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

107.4

108.5

..

Primary, female

106.3

103.3

..

95.8

Secondary, male

61.0

81.0

..

43.5

Secondary, female

70.9

89.5

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

13.4

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

10.6

..

..

5.2

103.5

100.4

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

85.3

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

87.4

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa

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Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health

57.0

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

..

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

..

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

97.1

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

87.1

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

88.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

..

..

250

330

300

505

Labor force, total (millions)

10.4

15.2

18.2

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

35.0

43.1

42.8

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

66.4

63.2

63.2

76.7

Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

35.3

46.5

47.2

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

2,230

2,623

2,667

2,667

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

41.5

45.2

44.7

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

24.8

26.0

23.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

55.4

35.2

31.4

29.2

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

24.9

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

28.7

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

42.1

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

46.7

..

..

7,105

6,201

511

455

1,103

1,027

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

3.0

30.0

44.5

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

4,902 471,737 349

97,543

838 102,915

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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91


Sudan SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

510

320

1,300

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

12.4

12.4

67.0

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-5.5

8.4

4.5

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

267

362

524

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-7.7

5.8

1.9

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

20.5

27.6

33.6

844.0

Female (% of total)

49.8

49.7

49.6

50.0

2.4

2.4

1.9

2.5

53.3

54.7

56.5

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

52.8

54.2

56.2

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

88.6

83.7

77.5

84.7

5.8

6.0

6.3

5.9

82.8

77.7

71.1

78.1 54.2

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

52.5

57.0

61.1

Male (years)

51.1

55.5

59.4

53.1

Female (years)

54.1

58.5

62.9

55.3

Fertility rate

6.0

5.3

4.4

4.9

78.4

72.1

66.4

77.1

124.9

113.5

103.3

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

51.6

..

Primary, female

..

44.0

..

95.8

Secondary, male

..

..

..

43.5

..

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

2.9

6.3

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

2.0

5.8

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

38.6

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

34.7

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Secondary, female

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

8.7

..

7.6

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

0.1

..

0.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

5.6

..

5.7

..

..

..

5.7

..

70.4

60.0

56.0

..

..

..

..

.. ..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49) Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%) Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%) HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%) Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

..

..

2.0

69.4

..

49.2

..

1,000

870

730

505

Labor force and wages

6.1

8.3

10.8

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

26.0

27.9

28.7

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

79.0

75.9

76.8

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

27.7

30.2

32.2

64.3

2,164

2,422

3,022

3,022

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

29.0

36.8

37.6

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

24.7

26.7

26.9

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

59.0

44.6

43.3

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

18,214

20,825

Agricultural population (thousands)

22,443 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,476

2,230

2,811

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

3,675

3,993

4,313 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

18.5

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

..

25.6

19.4

Women’s empowerment

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2012/13

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Swaziland SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

1,240

1,600

2,930

1,202

1.1

1.5

3.7

1,117.5

GDP ($ billions)

21.0

1.8

2.0

5.0

1,320

1,508

1,811

653

17.0

1.6

0.8

2.4

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

1.0

1.1

844.0

51.6

50.8

50.0

3.4

0.1

1.1

2.5

51.7

53.8

58.7

54.5

46.3

50.9

57.7

54.2

103.4

90.8

71.7

84.7

5.5

5.6

5.8

5.9

97.9

85.1

65.9

78.1 54.2

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

0.9 52.8

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

59.3

48.7

48.3

Male (years)

57.8

48.1

48.8

53.1

Female (years)

61.0

49.2

47.9

55.3

Fertility rate

5.7

4.2

3.4

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

69.6

76.7

55.1

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

96.1

114.0

77.7

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

94.2

97.1

120.7

Primary, female

93.7

92.5

110.9

95.8

..

41.7

58.1

43.5

Secondary, male

..

42.1

58.1

35.6

Tertiary, male

5.0

4.7

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

3.2

4.2

..

5.2

..

96.1

94.0

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

59.4

58.9

75.7

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

66.0

62.5

78.2

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

80.9

87.8

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

78.3

86.2

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

87.0

91.9

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

89.8

94.9

..

Secondary, female

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

27.7

49.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

1.8

22.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

26.0

63.0

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

24.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

86.6

96.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

76.6

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

88.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

70.0

82.0

..

300

360

320

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

0.3

0.3

0.4

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

41.7

40.3

39.7

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

74.8

72.8

71.8

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

43.0

43.9

44.9

64.3

80

103

132

132

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

45.0

42.7

41.7

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

39.5

37.9

37.3

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

55.4

52.6

51.6

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

368

377

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

89

87

75

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

50

61

63 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

47.9

..

4.0

3.0

13.6

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

342 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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95


Tanzania SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

200

310

530

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

4.3

10.2

22.9

1,117.5

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

7.0

4.9

7.0

5.0

305

308

459

653

3.7

2.3

3.9

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

25.5

34.0

44.8

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.5

50.3

50.1

50.0

3.2

2.5

3.0

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

51.6

52.6

52.2

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.9

52.1

52.1

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

95.2

91.0

91.8

84.7

5.3

5.5

6.0

5.9

89.9

85.5

85.7

78.1

Total (years)

50.6

50.4

57.4

54.2

Male (years)

49.0

49.6

56.5

53.1

Female (years)

52.3

51.2

58.3

55.3

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.2

5.7

5.5

4.9

95.2

80.5

60.2

77.1

154.8

130.2

92.4

122.4

Primary, male

70.1

68.7

101.5

103.2

Primary, female

69.2

67.8

103.1

95.8

Secondary, male

5.8

..

..

43.5

Secondary, female

Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

4.2

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

2.3

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

1.9

5.2

97.1

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

87.7

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

92.1

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

79.0

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

66.9

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

78.5

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

76.4

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

34.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

2.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

26.1

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

25.3

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

87.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

42.7

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

70.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

48.9

..

870

730

460

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages Labor force, total (millions)

12.2

16.7

22.1

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

49.8

49.7

49.8

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

92.0

91.4

91.2

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

88.9

89.1

90.0

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

4,082

5,670

7,185

7,185

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

49.9

49.9

50.1

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

82.4

82.1

81.2

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

83.0

82.0

80.7

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

21,035

26,640

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

5,694

7,362

9,271

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

4,860

6,195

7,608 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

24.4

..

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

..

16.0

30.7

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

32,856 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

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2012/13

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Togo SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

410

300

550

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

1.6

1.3

3.2

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-0.2

-0.8

3.7

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

284

270

265

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-2.7

-3.7

1.5

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population

3.7

4.8

6.0

844.0

50.6

50.5

50.5

50.0

2.5

3.0

2.1

2.5

51.1

53.8

57.0

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.7

53.5

56.8

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

96.5

86.4

75.6

84.7

6.0

5.9

6.0

5.9

90.5

80.6

69.6

78.1 54.2

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

53.0

54.8

56.6

Male (years)

51.4

53.3

55.1

53.1

Female (years)

54.7

56.4

58.1

55.3

Fertility rate Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

6.3

5.1

4.1

4.9

87.4

76.0

66.0

77.1

147.1

123.7

103.4

122.4

103.2

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

109.0

132.7

147.1

Primary, female

70.3

103.1

132.2

95.8

Secondary, male

31.0

46.7

..

43.5

Secondary, female

Primary, male

10.6

20.8

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

4.0

..

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.6

..

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

58.1

69.0

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

47.9

87.0

83.6

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

22.1

51.0

63.7

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

68.7

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

38.5

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

83.7

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

63.6

..

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

25.7

15.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

1.6

3.8

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

9.3

13.2

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

40.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

72.9

86.7

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

55.2

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

26.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

48.6

60.1

..

620

440

300

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

1.5

2.2

2.9

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

45.1

49.0

50.5

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

85.2

82.9

82.3

76.7

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

68.3

77.8

82.2

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

460

652

829

829

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

46.1

49.8

51.7

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

59.3

65.5

68.2

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

70.1

66.3

64.2

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

2,404

2,860

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

346

436

531

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

563

670

757 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

31.8

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

15.1

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

5.0

..

11.1

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

3,220 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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Tunisia 1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

1,430

2,300

4,140

3,533

12.3

21.5

44.2

586.8

GDP ($ billions)

7.9

4.3

3.0

4.2

1,661

2,245

3,144

2,313

5.4

3.1

1.9

2.7

GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population

8.2

9.6

10.5

166.3

49.6

49.8

50.0

50.0

2.4

1.1

1.0

1.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

58.0

64.0

69.7

65.7

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

56.6

63.2

69.5

65.4

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

74.5

57.2

43.7

52.8

8.0

10.0

10.0

7.8

66.5

47.2

33.7

44.8

Total (years)

70.3

72.6

74.6

72.8

Male (years)

68.6

70.6

72.6

70.9

Female (years)

72.1

74.7

76.7

74.8

Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

3.6

2.1

2.0

2.5

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

39.0

23.8

13.8

23.0

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

49.3

28.4

16.1

27.0

Primary, male

119.4

118.9

..

..

Primary, female

105.4

111.1

..

..

Secondary, male

49.7

74.8

..

..

Secondary, female

38.2

77.4

..

..

Tertiary, male

9.7

..

..

..

Tertiary, female

6.1

..

..

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

84.6

97.6

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

85.2

89.6

..

..

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

75.0

86.7

..

..

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Upper middle income

1990

North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11

Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

65.5

60.2

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

0.5

1.3

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

56.7

51.5

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

..

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

91.5

96.0

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

67.5

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

..

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

89.9

94.6

..

130

84

56

78

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

2.4

3.2

3.8

56.2

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

21.6

24.9

26.9

23.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

79.1

75.7

74.0

77.3

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

22.1

25.6

27.5

23.9

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

681

712

658

658

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

31.4

33.8

32.5

27.4

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

26.3

24.9

21.8

17.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

Labor force, total (millions)

56.1

47.7

43.8

48.2

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

15.3

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

16.9

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

2,195

2,253

2,154

41,333

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

223

262

266

6,229

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

429

495

539

7,734

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

..

..

4.0

12.0

27.6

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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Uganda SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

320

260

500

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

4.3

6.2

17.2

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

6.5

3.1

5.9

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

186

256

380

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

2.8

0.0

2.6

2.4

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

17.7

24.2

33.4

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.3

50.3

50.0

50.0

3.5

3.1

3.2

2.5

49.5

48.6

49.2

54.5

Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

49.1

48.5

48.9

54.2

102.8

106.0

103.8

84.7

5.4

5.6

5.1

5.9

97.4

100.4

98.7

78.1 54.2

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

47.4

46.1

53.6

Male (years)

45.4

45.3

53.0

53.1

Female (years)

49.4

47.0

54.3

55.3

Fertility rate

7.1

6.9

6.1

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

105.8

87.7

63.0

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

174.9

144.3

98.9

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

76.8

136.6

120.3

Primary, female

61.7

126.0

122.0

95.8

Secondary, male

14.2

18.5

30.4

43.5

Secondary, female

8.2

14.1

25.8

35.6

Tertiary, male

1.6

3.4

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

0.6

1.7

..

5.2

77.9

91.1

98.5

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

..

57.9

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

..

56.5

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

82.6

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

64.6

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

89.6

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

85.5

..

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

23.7

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.7

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

17.9

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

40.6

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

93.5

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

47.2

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

53.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

41.9

..

600

530

310

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

7.6

10.1

13.4

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

50.8

50.0

49.3

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

82.4

83.1

79.9

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

83.7

82.3

77.0

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

2,209

3,140

4,021

4,021

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

51.6

51.5

50.0

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

67.0

67.3

59.6

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

62.6

63.5

60.2

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

14,793

19,138

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

3,309

4,221

5,467

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

3,356

4,199

5,549 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

29.9

..

12.0

18.0

31.5

19.4

Agricultural population (thousands)

24,554 471,737 97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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Zambia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy

440

310

1,070

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

3.3

3.2

16.2

1,117.5

GDP growth (%)

-0.5

3.6

7.6

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

385

317

432

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

-3.2

1.0

5.9

2.4

GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

7.9

10.2

12.9

844.0

50.3

50.1

49.9

50.0

2.7

2.5

1.6

2.5

51.6

51.8

50.4

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

51.2

51.7

50.8

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

94.6

93.2

97.7

84.7

5.5

5.7

6.0

5.9

89.1

87.5

91.7

78.1

Total (years)

47.5

41.9

48.5

54.2

Male (years)

46.1

41.7

48.0

53.1

Female (years)

48.9

42.2

48.9

55.3

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy

Fertility rate

6.5

6.1

6.3

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

109.2

93.5

68.9

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

182.8

157.3

111.0

122.4

103.2

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male

..

86.7

114.5

Primary, female

..

80.9

116.0

95.8

Secondary, male

..

..

..

43.5

Secondary, female

..

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

3.3

..

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

1.5

..

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

..

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

..

68.0

98.3

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

..

57.2

108.3

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

73.0

..

80.6

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

57.4

..

61.3

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

67.3

..

81.8

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

65.5

..

67.3

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

40.8

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

4.7

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

26.5

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

26.5

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

93.7

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

60.3

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

69.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

46.5

..

470

540

440

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

3.4

4.5

5.5

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

46.8

47.2

46.1

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

86.4

85.7

86.1

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

73.9

75.2

73.5

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,067

1,446

1,765

1,765

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

48.1

48.1

47.8

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

65.8

65.9

64.8

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

71.0

70.9

70.5

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

11.7

14.1

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

13.7

11.3

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

20.7

23.1

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

21.0

19.5

..

..

Agricultural population (thousands)

5,835

7,053

8,278 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,053

1,265

1,489

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,162

1,420

1,726 102,915

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

24.3

..

7.0

10.0

14.0

19.4

97,543

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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Zimbabwe SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)

860

490

480

1,202

GDP ($ billions)

8.8

6.7

7.5

1,117.5

7.0

-3.1

9.0

5.0

GDP per capita (2000 $)

537

535

321

653

GDP per capita growth (%)

3.9

-3.9

8.2

2.4

GDP growth (%)

Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)

10.5

12.5

12.6

844.0

Female (% of total)

50.2

50.3

50.7

50.0

2.9

0.8

0.8

2.5

Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)

51.0

54.9

57.1

54.5

Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)

50.8

54.8

56.7

54.2

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

96.5

82.3

75.7

84.7

5.9

6.3

7.4

5.9

90.6

76.0

68.3

78.1 54.2

Population growth (%)

Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)

60.5

44.6

49.9

Male (years)

58.8

44.8

50.7

53.1

Female (years)

62.4

44.4

49.0

55.3

Fertility rate

5.2

3.9

3.3

4.9

Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

52.1

68.8

50.9

77.1

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

77.6

115.0

79.8

122.4

Primary, male

101.4

..

..

103.2

Primary, female

100.4

..

..

95.8

Secondary, male

49.9

..

..

43.5

Secondary, female

Total (births per woman)

Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)

44.0

..

..

35.6

Tertiary, male

..

..

6.9

8.3

Tertiary, female

..

..

5.5

5.2

Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school

96.4

..

..

..

Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

96.5

..

..

73.6

Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

90.6

..

..

66.7

Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

..

..

94.7

..

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

..

..

89.4

..

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)

..

..

98.4

..

Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)

..

..

99.5

..

Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.

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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)

..

..

64.9

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)

..

..

1.4

..

Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)

..

..

57.9

..

Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)

..

..

12.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)

..

..

89.8

..

Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)

..

..

56.8

..

HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

..

..

56.0

..

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

..

..

60.2

..

450

640

570

505

Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Labor force and wages

4.1

5.5

6.6

337.5

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

46.3

46.4

49.3

45.7

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)

79.8

81.8

90.4

76.7

Labor force, total (millions)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)

67.9

69.2

84.3

64.3

Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)

1,148

1,735

2,480

2,480

Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)

48.3

45.8

48.9

47.9

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)

53.0

54.6

77.1

50.4

Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)

56.4

64.5

82.2

55.4

Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)

..

..

..

..

7,191

7,868

Agricultural population (thousands)

7,079 471,737

Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)

1,572

1,779

1,635

Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)

1,298

1,490

1,483 102,915

97,543

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Firms with female top manager (% of firms)

..

..

..

..

Female headed households (% of households with a female head)

..

..

37.7

..

11.0

14.0

15.0

19.4

Women’s empowerment

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

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Glossary Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and older who can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents—people younger than age 15 or older than age 64—to the working-age population—people ages 15–64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, and household surveys conducted by national agencies and Macro International) Age dependency ratio, old, is the ratio of older dependents—people older than 64—to the working-age population—those ages 15–64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and Macro International) Age dependency ratio, young, is the ratio of younger dependents—people younger than 15—to the working-age population—those ages 15–64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and Macro International) Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit) is the percentage of women aged 15–49 with a live birth in a given time period that received antenatal care provided by skilled health personnel (doctors, nurses, or midwives) at least once during pregnancy, as a percentage of women age 15–49 years with a live birth in a given time period. A skilled health worker/attendant is an accredited health professional—such as a midwife, doctor or nurse— who has been educated and trained to proficiency in the skills needed to manage normal (uncomplicated) pregnancies, childbirth and the immediate postnatal period, and in the identification, management and referral of complications in women and newborns. Both trained and untrained traditional birth attendants (TBA) are excluded. (http://www.who.int/ reproductive-health/global_monitoring/index.html) Antenatal care coverage (at least four visits) is the percentage of women aged 15–49 with a live birth in a given time period that received antenatal care four or more times with ANY provider (whether skilled or unskilled), as a percentage of women age 15–49 years with a live birth in a given time period. (http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/global_monitoring/index.html)

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Glossary Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns. (UNICEF, State of the World’s Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International) Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually only measured for married women ages 15–49. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Contraceptive prevalence, condom use is the percentage of women married or in-union aged 15 to 49, whose sexual partner is currently using a male condom for contraceptive purposes. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Contraceptive prevalence, modern methods is the percentage of women married or in-union aged 15 to 49 who are currently using, or whose sexual partner is using, at least one modern method of contraception, regardless of the method used. Modern methods of contraception include female and male sterilization, oral hormonal pills, the intra-uterine device (IUD), the male condom, injectables, the implant (including Norplant), vaginal barrier methods, the female condom, and emergency contraception. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Economically active population in agriculture is that part of the economically active population engaged in or seeking work in agriculture, hunting, fishing, or forestry. (Food and Agriculture Organization, Production Yearbook and data files) Female headed households shows the percentage of households with a female head. (Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International) Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people of the specified age group who meet the International Labour Organization’s definition of the economically active population. (Source International Labour Organization, using World Bank population estimates) Firms with female participation in ownership are the percentage of firms with a woman among the principal owners. [World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/)]

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Firms with female top manager is the percentage of firms with females as the top manager. [World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprise surveys.org/)] Gross domestic product (GDP) is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. GDP data are shown at market prices (also known as purchaser prices) and converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. The sum of the components of GDP by industrial origin (presented here as value added) will not normally equal total GDP for several reasons. First, components of GDP by expenditure are individually rescaled and summed to provide a partially rebased series for total GDP. Second, total GDP is shown at purchaser value, while value added components are conventionally reported at producer prices. As explained above, purchaser values exclude net indirect taxes, while producer prices include indirect taxes. Third, certain items, such as imputed bank charges, are added in total GDP. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross domestic product (GDP) growth is the average annual growth rate calculated from real GDP at constant 2000 prices. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is calculated by dividing real GDP at constant 2000 prices by the corresponding midyear population. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth is the average annual growth rate of real GDP per capita, calculated using the least squares method with 2000 exchange rates. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross national income (GNI), World Bank Atlas method, (formerly Gross National Product—GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are calculated in national currency and usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally

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Glossary large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special World Bank Atlas method of conversion is used: it applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for the difference between the rate of inflation in the country and that in France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (through 2000) or the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (since 2001). (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross primary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the primary level of education. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Gross secondary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the secondary level of education. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development by offering more subject or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Gross tertiary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the tertiary level of education. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births. [Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2011. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD)] Labor force participation rate is the percentage of the population of the specified age group that is economically active—that is, all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. (International Labour Organization’s Key Indicators of the Labour Market database)

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Life expectancy at birth is the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to remain the same throughout its life. [Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database] Maternal mortality ratio, modeled estimate is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence. (Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990–2010; estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank) Percentage of HIV-positive pregnant women who received antiretrovirals to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission. Numerator: Number of HIV-positive pregnant women who received antiretrovirals during the last 12 months to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Denominator: Estimated number of HIV-positive pregnant women in the last 12 months. The purpose of this indicator is to assess progress in preventing vertical transmission of HIV. All data reflect values representing 12 month period ending December 2007 that have been reconciled between reporting country and UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF, unless otherwise noted. All analysis of this indicator, including quoted country figures, reflect numerators that have gone through a tri-agency (UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF) reconciliation process and denominators that have been estimated directly from the UNAIDS/WHO Reference group on Estimates, Modelling, and Projections methodology (Spectrum). The reconciliation process ensured all agencies reported the same country endorsed figure that was the most recent and met the definition of HIV-positive women receiving antiretroviral drugs over the last 12 months, and thus reflect a full year. Every effort was made in cases of discrepancy across the three agencies to obtain approval from the country on a final indicator value. (http://data.unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2008/) Population is total population based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship, except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates. [(1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database]

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Glossary Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) is the number of females who could potentially be economically active. Population is based on the de facto definition of population. (The United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) is the number of males who could potentially be economically active. Population is based on the de facto definition of population. (The United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects) Population growth is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t–1 to year t. [Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database] Primary school completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated as the total number of students in the last grade of primary school minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school is the ratio of the female gross enrollment rate to the male gross enrollment rate in primary and secondary schools. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates. [(1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database]

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Total labor force comprises people in the specified age group who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time jobseekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. (International Labour Organization, using World Bank population estimates) Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age 5, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates, expressed as a rate per 1,000. (Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International, Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys by UNICEF, Reproductive Health Surveys by U.S. Centers for Disease Control, and Family Health Surveys by Pan Arab Project for Family Health) Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country. (International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database) Unmet need for contraception is the percentage of fertile, married women of reproductive age who do not want to become pregnant and are not using contraception. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Women in national parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women. [Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) (www.ipu.org)] Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15–24 who can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15–24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country. (International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database)

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