2012/13 THE LITTLE DATA BOOK ON GENDER IN AFRICA
©2013 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 16 15 14 13 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Note that The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content included in the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and permissions
This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC BY 3.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2013. The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9785-5 License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. ISBN 978-0-8213-9785-5 eISBN 978-0-8213-9786-2 DOI 10.1596/978-0-8213-9785-5 SKU 19785 To order Africa Development Indicators 2012/13, The Little Data Book on Africa 2012/13, or The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13, please visit http://publications.world bank.org. For free access to Africa Development Indicators online, please visit http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog. For more information about Africa Development Indicators and its companion products, please visit www.worldbank.org/africa. You can email us at ADI@worldbank.org. The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is a product of the Africa Region of the World Bank. Design and layout by EEI Communications, Columbia, MD. Cover design by Peter Grundy Art & Design, London, UK.
Contents Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Users guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Algeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Angola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Benin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Botswana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Burkina Faso. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Burundi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Cameroon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Cape Verde. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Central African Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Chad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Comoros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Congo, Democratic Republic of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Congo, Republic of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Côte d’Ivoire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Djibouti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Egypt, Arab Republic of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Equatorial Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Eritrea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Ethiopia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Gabon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Gambia, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Ghana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Guinea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Guinea-Bissau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Kenya. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Lesotho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Liberia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Libya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Madagascar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Malawi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Mali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Mauritania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Mauritius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Morocco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Mozambique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Namibia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Niger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Nigeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Rwanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 São Tomé and Príncipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Senegal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Seychelles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Sierra Leone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Somalia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Sudan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Swaziland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Tanzania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Tunisia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Zambia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Zimbabwe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
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2012/13
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Acknowledgments The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is a product of the Africa Region of the World Bank. Rose Mungai was the director of this book and its companions—Africa Development Indicators 2012/13, ADI Online, Africa Development Indicators 2012/13 CD-ROM, and The Little Data Book on Africa—and also led the work on data management, consistency checks, and compilation; and provided overall data quality assurance. Francoise Genouille coordinated all stages of production. The core team included Francoise Genouille and Ayago Esmubancha Wambile. Federico Escaler and William Prince collaborated in the production of The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13. The overall work was carried out under the guidance of Shantayanan Devarajan, Chief Economist of the Africa Region. EEI Communications provided design, editing, and layout.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Introduction The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is a pocket edition of Africa Development Indicators 2012/13. It contains some 60 key indicators on economics, human development, and empowerment and is intended as a quick reference for users of the Africa Development Indicators 2012/13 book and ADI Online. The country tables present the latest available data for World Bank member countries in Africa.
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
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Users guide Aggregates Aggregate data are based on the World Bank’s regional classification for Sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa, which may differ from common geographic usage. Former Spanish Sahara is not included in any aggregates. Statistics Country data are for 1990, 2000, and the most recent year available, usually 2010–2011, as economies were constituted in 2010. Regional data are for the most recent year available, usually 2009. Data in italics are for 2001–09. Consistent time-series data for 1960–2011 are available on ADI Online. Symbols .. means that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data in the years shown. < is less than. - is not applicable. $ means current U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. 0 or 0.0 means zero or small enough that the number would round to zero at the displayed number of decimal places. Data presentation conventions A billion is 1,000 million. Growth rates are in real terms, unless otherwise specified. Data consistency, reliability, and comparability Considerable effort has been made to harmonize the data, but full comparability cannot be assured, and care must be taken in interpreting indicators. Many factors affect data availability, reliability, and comparability. Data coverage may be incomplete because of circumstances affecting the collection and reporting of data, such as conflicts. Although drawn from sources thought to be the most authoritative, data should be construed as indicating trends and characterizing differences across economies. Readers are advised not to compare data series between editions or across World Bank publications.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Classification of economies For operational and analytical purposes the World Bankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main criterion for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Every economy in The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa 2012/13 is classified as low income, middle income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily reflect development status. Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $1,005 or less in 2010. Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,005 but less than $12,275. Lower middle-income and upper middle income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,976. High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,276 or more. The cutoff date for data for this publication is August 2012. However, it must be noted that the database may have more recent data by the time of this publication.
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2012/13
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Country tables
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
1
Algeria 1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
2,420
1,600
4,390
3,533
62.0
54.8
162.0
586.8
GDP ($ billions)
0.8
2.2
3.3
4.2
1,833
1,794
2,232
2,313
-1.7
0.7
1.8
2.7
Total (millions)
25.3
30.5
35.5
166.3
Female (% of total)
49.6
49.6
49.5
50.0
2.5
1.4
1.5
1.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
53.5
61.7
68.2
65.7
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
53.1
61.6
68.5
65.4
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
87.7
62.2
46.3
52.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
7.8
80.9
55.5
39.6
44.8
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
67.1
70.0
72.9
72.8
Male (years)
65.9
68.8
71.4
70.9
Female (years)
68.3
71.3
74.4
74.8
Fertility rate
4.7
2.6
2.3
2.5
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
54.9
41.4
30.5
23.0
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
67.6
48.9
36.0
27.0
102.2
112.3
113.4
..
86.0
103.1
106.8
..
Secondary, male
69.9
..
..
..
Secondary, female
53.9
..
..
..
Tertiary, male
..
..
25.2
..
Tertiary, female
..
..
36.6
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male Primary, female
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
81.6
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
88.8
82.6
96.1
..
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
72.4
82.2
95.9
..
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Upper middle income
1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
64.0
61.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
1.5
2.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
50.1
52.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
10.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
79.0
89.4
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
92.6
95.2
..
220
140
97
78
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
6.0
8.8
11.2
56.2
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
11.9
13.7
16.9
23.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
77.5
79.4
75.4
77.3
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
10.5
12.8
15.7
23.9
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,717
2,553
2,048
2,048
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
16.0
16.9
15.5
27.4
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
10.9
12.7
8.9
17.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
48.2
55.0
60.3
46.5
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
29.8
10.0
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
29.7
20.0
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
6,749
7,376
7,404
41,333
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
949
1,402
1,673
6,229
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
958
1,317
1,502
7,734
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
2.0
3.0
7.7
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
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Angola SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
740
420
3,960
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
10.3
9.1
82.5
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-0.3
3.0
3.4
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
819
656
1,369
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-3.0
-0.1
0.6
2.4
Total (millions)
10.3
13.9
19.1
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.8
50.7
50.5
50.0
2.8
3.0
2.8
2.5
50.2
50.1
51.3
54.5
Basic demographic indicators Population
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
49.6
49.6
50.6
54.2
100.5
100.5
96.3
84.7
5.2
4.9
4.9
5.9
95.3
95.5
91.4
78.1 54.2
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
41.1
45.2
50.7
Male (years)
39.2
43.9
49.2
53.1
Female (years)
43.2
46.6
52.1
55.3
Fertility rate
7.2
6.8
5.4
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
143.6
118.9
97.9
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
243.0
199.6
160.5
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
85.8
..
137.3
Primary, female
78.6
..
111.6
95.8
..
16.4
37.2
43.5
Secondary, male
..
13.4
25.5
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.0
..
4.1
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.2
..
3.3
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
78.9
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
53.2
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
40.0
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
82.9
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
57.6
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
80.8
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
65.5
..
Secondary, female
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
79.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
19.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
47.3
..
1,200
890
450
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
3.8
5.2
7.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
47.6
48.4
45.9
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
77.2
76.3
77.9
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
67.2
68.8
64.0
64.3
1,044
1,450
1,994
1,994
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
48.8
49.5
47.3
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
52.0
53.2
49.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
55.5
54.9
56.1
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
7,699
9,993
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,770
2,302
3,222
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,554
2,035
2,656 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
56.6
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
13.5
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
13,212 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
..
24.8
..
15.0
16.0
38.6
19.4
5
Benin SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
360
370
780
1,202
1.8
2.3
6.6
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
3.2
5.8
3.0
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
296
346
377
653
0.1
2.7
0.1
2.4
GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
4.8
6.5
8.8
844.0
52.2
51.4
50.7
50.0
3.1
2.9
2.8
2.5
51.3
52.0
53.5
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
49.3
50.8
53.0
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
98.5
94.5
87.7
84.7
6.8
5.9
5.7
5.9
91.8
88.7
82.0
78.1
Total (years)
48.6
52.6
55.6
54.2
Male (years)
45.8
50.1
53.8
53.1
Female (years)
51.7
55.2
57.5
55.3
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.7
6.0
5.3
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
107.0
88.6
73.2
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
177.7
143.4
115.4
122.4
Primary, male
69.8
104.3
134.6
103.2
Primary, female
36.6
68.8
117.1
95.8
Secondary, male
..
32.3
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
14.2
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
6.4
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
1.5
..
5.2
..
60.9
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
26.8
53.1
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
12.0
26.9
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
54.2
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
29.1
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
64.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
43.4
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
6
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
17.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.1
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
5.9
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
29.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
84.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
60.5
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
46.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
74.0
..
770
530
350
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
1.9
2.6
3.6
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
42.5
46.5
47.5
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
89.7
81.5
78.6
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
58.4
65.2
68.5
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
607
755
995
995
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
42.0
48.7
51.0
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
55.0
57.6
57.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
79.7
62.9
56.4
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
3,019
3,517
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
450
584
652
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
645
800
949 102,915
Agricultural population (thousands)
3,920 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
43.9
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
27.5
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
22.5
..
3.0
6.0
10.8
19.4
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
7
Botswana SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
2,540
3,120
6,750
1,202
3.8
5.6
14.9
1,117.5
GDP ($ billions)
6.8
5.9
7.0
5.0
2,336
3,204
4,190
653
3.6
4.1
5.7
2.4
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
1.4
1.8
2.0
844.0
50.6
50.2
49.6
50.0
3.0
1.7
1.3
2.5
52.9
58.8
62.8
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.3
59.2
64.1
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
90.2
69.5
57.6
84.7
5.0
5.2
6.3
5.9
85.2
64.3
51.3
78.1
Total (years)
64.0
50.8
53.1
54.2
Male (years)
62.1
50.4
54.0
53.1
Female (years)
66.1
51.1
52.2
55.3
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
4.7
3.4
2.8
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
45.6
63.9
36.1
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
58.7
95.9
47.7
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
101.7
104.0
..
Primary, female
109.2
103.9
..
95.8
Secondary, male
38.0
72.7
..
43.5
Secondary, female
42.2
76.5
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
5.8
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
5.5
..
5.2
108.0
101.7
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
81.2
86.8
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
98.4
91.5
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
83.8
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
84.4
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
93.7
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
96.7
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
8
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
44.4
52.8
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
15.5
41.7
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
42.1
51.2
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
96.8
94.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
73.3
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
95.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
94.2
94.6
..
140
350
160
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.6
0.8
1.0
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
46.7
46.9
46.3
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
81.4
81.3
82.8
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
68.9
72.1
74.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
165
234
264
264
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.7
47.0
47.7
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
56.6
56.4
57.4
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
55.4
Labor force, total (millions)
64.5
62.3
61.8
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
14.7
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
17.2
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
13.2
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
14.0
..
..
620
772
94
149
179
111
131
138 102,915
Agricultural population (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
845 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
55.3
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
16.4
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
5.0
..
7.9
19.4
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
9
Burkina Faso SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
310
230
550
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
3.1
2.6
8.8
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-0.6
1.8
7.9
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
167
212
283
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-3.2
-1.0
4.7
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
9.3
12.3
16.5
844.0
51.0
50.8
50.4
50.0
2.7
2.8
3.0
2.5
51.1
52.2
53.1
54.5
48.2
50.1
51.8
54.2
101.3
95.3
90.7
84.7
5.3
4.4
4.2
5.9
96.0
90.9
86.4
78.1
Total (years)
48.5
50.2
54.9
54.2
Male (years)
47.3
49.2
54.0
53.1
Female (years)
49.7
51.3
55.9
55.3
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.8
6.3
5.9
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
103.4
98.1
92.6
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
204.5
190.8
176.2
122.4
Primary, male
39.8
49.2
79.1
103.2
Primary, female
25.2
35.1
72.0
95.8
..
11.7
23.4
43.5
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Secondary, male
..
7.7
17.9
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.1
1.5
4.5
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.3
0.5
2.1
5.2
..
70.2
87.7
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
24.3
27.9
47.8
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
14.1
19.5
42.3
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Secondary, female
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
10
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
17.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
13.3
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
31.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
85.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
32.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
53.5
..
700
450
300
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
4.1
5.5
7.5
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
48.5
48.2
47.6
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
92.1
91.2
91.1
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
79.3
79.5
79.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,480
1,998
2,562
2,562
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.5
46.4
46.5
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
74.7
73.5
72.7
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
84.9
82.8
81.4
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
8,616
11,339
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,813
2,403
3,320
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,929
2,579
3,588 102,915
Agricultural population (thousands)
15,160 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
19.2
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
11.3
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
9.4
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
8.0
15.3
19.4
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
11
Burundi SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
210
130
230
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
1.1
0.8
2.0
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
3.5
-0.9
3.8
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
182
131
138
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
1.0
-2.3
1.2
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
5.6
6.4
8.4
844.0
51.3
51.5
50.9
50.0
2.4
1.4
2.6
2.5
52.9
51.7
59.5
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.6
50.0
59.0
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
91.3
96.5
68.7
84.7
6.1
5.8
4.8
5.9
85.3
90.7
63.9
78.1 54.2
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
46.2
46.0
49.9
Male (years)
44.7
44.8
48.5
53.1
Female (years)
47.9
47.2
51.3
55.3
Fertility rate
6.5
5.8
4.3
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
110.0
99.7
87.8
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
183.2
163.8
141.9
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
77.4
69.8
157.3
Primary, female
62.2
55.8
155.3
95.8
Secondary, male
5.9
..
28.9
43.5
Secondary, female
3.7
..
20.7
35.6
Tertiary, male
0.9
1.7
4.2
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.4
0.6
2.3
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
79.0
..
93.9
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
48.2
28.7
57.4
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
33.6
23.9
54.9
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
48.2
67.3
72.6
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
27.5
52.2
60.9
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
59.5
76.8
76.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
48.0
70.4
76.3
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
12
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
15.7
21.9
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.2
0.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
10.0
7.5
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
78.0
98.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
12.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
25.2
60.3
..
1,100
1,000
800
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.8
2.9
4.3
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
52.5
53.2
52.1
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
90.8
85.0
82.6
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
91.8
86.8
84.9
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
872
903
1,239
1,239
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
51.8
52.0
52.8
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
84.3
72.9
68.4
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
55.4
Labor force, total (millions)
79.0
68.3
61.7
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
0.7
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
0.3
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
1.0
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
0.4
..
..
..
5,156
5,790
7,481 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,419
1,555
2,095
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,127
1,198
1,646 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
6.0
32.1
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
13
Cameroon SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
910
630
1,200
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
11.2
10.1
22.5
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-6.1
4.2
3.2
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
722
643
714
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-8.8
1.8
1.0
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
12.2
15.7
19.6
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.3
50.2
50.1
50.0
2.9
2.3
2.2
2.5
51.5
53.8
55.9
54.5
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.0
53.5
55.9
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
95.1
86.3
78.9
84.7
6.9
6.6
6.3
5.9
88.2
79.8
72.6
78.1 54.2
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
53.3
50.1
51.1
Male (years)
51.8
49.0
50.1
53.1
Female (years)
54.8
51.2
52.1
55.3
Fertility rate
5.9
5.0
4.5
4.9
85.2
90.8
84.4
77.1
136.6
147.5
136.2
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
103.4
94.4
128.6
Primary, female
88.8
80.5
110.9
95.8
Secondary, male
29.4
..
46.0
43.5
Secondary, female
Primary, male
20.2
..
38.4
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
12.6
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
10.3
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
82.3
..
85.4
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
56.1
54.5
84.9
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
52.3
47.4
72.4
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
79.2
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
58.7
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
88.4
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
78.0
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
14
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
25.6
29.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
1.9
6.5
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
6.3
12.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
2.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
75.3
84.7
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
27.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
60.0
63.0
..
670
730
690
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
4.5
6.2
8.2
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
41.8
45.1
45.7
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
79.7
76.8
77.4
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
56.7
63.2
65.6
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,099
1,530
1,939
1,939
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
43.0
45.8
46.2
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
41.2
43.9
44.4
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
54.5
51.5
51.2
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
7,854
8,338
8,018 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,484
1,676
1,690
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,602
1,806
1,878 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
15.7
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
10.0
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
24.0
..
14.0
6.0
13.9
19.4
97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
15
Cape Verde SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
870
1,390
3,280
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
0.3
0.5
1.7
1,117.5
0.7
16.8
5.2
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
804
1,233
1,959
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-0.9
14.7
4.3
2.4
GDP growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
0.4
0.5
844.0
51.7
50.5
50.0
1.6
1.8
0.9
2.5
51.6
53.7
61.5
54.5
47.7
52.1
63.1
54.2
101.0
88.9
60.5
84.7
9.7
10.0
9.5
5.9
91.3
78.9
51.0
78.1 54.2
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
0.3 52.3
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
65.1
69.4
73.8
Male (years)
62.1
65.5
70.1
53.1
Female (years)
68.2
73.6
77.7
55.3
Fertility rate
5.3
3.7
2.4
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
45.8
36.7
29.2
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
59.2
46.0
35.6
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
116.3
127.0
113.9
Primary, female
108.8
121.7
105.3
95.8
Secondary, male
20.4
..
79.7
43.5
Secondary, female
20.1
..
95.4
35.6
Tertiary, male
0.0
1.9
15.6
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.0
1.9
20.2
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
94.0
..
104.2
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
56.6
106.0
100.1
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
50.8
108.5
97.7
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
74.8
..
90.1
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
53.0
..
80.2
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
89.9
..
97.3
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
86.4
..
99.0
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
16
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
61.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
6.1
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
57.1
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
97.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
72.3
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
77.5
..
200
170
79
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.1
0.2
0.2
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
36.9
38.1
38.4
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
87.7
86.4
86.1
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
44.8
49.8
54.8
64.3
43
55
68
68
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
37.2
38.2
38.2
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
47.6
46.4
46.4
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
78.9
74.8
72.6
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
23.3
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
22.6
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
40.7
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
42.1
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
106
101
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
13
13
13
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
21
21
19 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
33.1
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
16.7
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
12.0
11.0
18.1
19.4
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
84 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
17
Central African Republic SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
470
280
470
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
1.5
1.0
2.0
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-2.1
2.3
3.3
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
278
259
240
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-4.4
0.4
1.4
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
2.9
3.7
4.4
844.0
50.9
50.9
50.7
50.0
2.3
1.9
1.9
2.5
53.0
54.2
55.6
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.6
53.9
55.6
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
89.4
85.1
79.7
84.7
7.6
7.3
7.1
5.9
81.8
77.8
72.6
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
48.8
43.7
47.6
Male (years)
46.6
42.2
46.1
53.1
Female (years)
51.2
45.2
49.2
55.3
Fertility rate
5.8
5.4
4.6
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
110.1
114.7
106.0
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
165.2
175.9
158.8
122.4
Primary, male
87.1
..
109.3
103.2
Primary, female
54.5
..
77.7
95.8
Secondary, male
16.4
..
16.0
43.5
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Secondary, female
6.5
..
9.3
35.6
Tertiary, male
2.3
3.2
3.9
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.4
0.6
1.2
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
59.1
..
69.4
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
42.0
..
52.3
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
18.9
..
30.1
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
64.8
69.1
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
33.5
42.1
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
70.3
72.2
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
46.9
57.3
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
18
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
27.9
19.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.9
3.5
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
6.9
8.6
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
62.0
69.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
34.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
44.1
43.7
..
930
1,000
890
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
1.3
1.7
2.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.7
46.4
47.1
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
87.6
86.4
85.5
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
69.7
71.1
72.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
349
467
571
571
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
45.3
45.6
46.1
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
57.8
57.4
57.2
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
71.1
69.8
68.3
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
2,349
2,686
Agricultural population (thousands)
2,783 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
519
599
624
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
519
589
630 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
53.3
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
12.2
..
Women’s empowerment
Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
..
..
..
4.0
7.0
9.6
19.4
19
Chad SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy
260
180
710
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
1.7
1.4
8.5
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-4.2
-0.9
13.0
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
184
168
300
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-7.1
-4.2
10.1
2.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
Basic demographic indicators Population
6.0
8.2
11.2
844.0
50.6
50.4
50.3
50.0
3.1
3.4
2.6
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
50.9
51.2
51.8
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.5
50.8
51.5
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
97.1
96.2
93.5
84.7
6.9
6.2
5.6
5.9
90.2
90.0
87.9
78.1
Total (years)
50.7
48.5
49.2
54.2
Male (years)
49.0
47.1
47.8
53.1
Female (years)
52.4
50.0
50.7
55.3
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.7
6.6
6.0
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
112.8
105.4
98.9
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
207.3
189.5
173.4
122.4
Primary, male
68.6
83.9
107.0
103.2
Primary, female
30.0
51.3
78.0
95.8
Secondary, male
10.7
16.9
34.6
43.5
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
2.3
4.8
14.6
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
1.4
3.7
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
0.2
0.6
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
40.9
55.9
65.8
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
26.4
32.7
43.2
73.6
Secondary, female
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
6.2
13.1
25.8
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
40.8
44.5
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
12.8
23.1
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
55.7
53.5
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
23.2
39.0
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
20
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
7.9
4.8
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.0
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
2.1
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
41.6
53.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
23.1
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
6.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
16.3
22.7
..
920
1,100
1,100
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.4
3.2
4.4
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.3
45.5
45.3
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
80.9
80.1
80.2
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
64.9
65.2
65.2
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
625
908
1,255
1,255
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
50.6
50.0
49.6
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
57.0
56.7
56.3
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
56.7
56.9
57.0
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
4,981
6,197
7,372 471,737
Agricultural population (thousands)
859
1,247
1,684
1,030
1,171
1,278 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
40.1
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
6.8
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
19.6
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
2.0
5.2
19.4
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
21
Comoros SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
530
380
750
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
0.3
0.2
0.5
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
5.1
1.4
2.1
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
413
359
336
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
2.6
-1.2
-0.5
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
0.4
0.6
0.7
844.0
50.0
49.8
49.6
50.0
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
50.8
55.9
54.8
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.7
55.7
54.5
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
97.0
79.2
82.9
84.7
5.9
5.2
5.0
5.9
91.1
74.0
77.9
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
55.6
57.9
60.6
Male (years)
53.7
56.3
59.3
53.1
Female (years)
57.6
59.5
62.0
55.3
Fertility rate
5.6
5.3
4.9
4.9
87.9
74.7
62.8
77.1
125.2
104.3
85.6
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
99.8
121.2
..
Primary, female
69.9
103.2
..
95.8
..
31.8
..
43.5
Secondary, male
..
26.0
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.1
1.5
9.1
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.2
1.1
6.7
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
84.2
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
74.5
79.7
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
63.5
68.7
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
84.0
85.8
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
77.6
84.7
..
Secondary, female
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
22
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
25.7
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.7
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
19.3
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
74.3
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
61.8
..
..
440
340
280
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.1
0.2
0.2
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
25.6
28.0
30.2
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
80.3
78.7
80.8
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
27.6
30.8
35.4
64.3
35
50
53
53
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
28.6
30.0
30.2
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
23.8
24.0
24.7
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
57.1
54.9
54.1
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
339
414
Agricultural population (thousands)
510 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
68
87
115
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
67
84
107 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
3.0
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
23
Congo, Democratic Republic of SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
230
90
180
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
9.3
4.3
13.1
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-6.6
-6.9
7.2
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
210
87
106
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-9.9
-9.1
4.3
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
36.4
49.6
66.0
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.6
50.4
50.3
50.0
3.6
2.4
2.7
2.5
50.5
49.6
51.1
54.5
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
49.8
49.1
51.0
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
99.3
102.6
95.9
84.7
5.6
5.4
5.2
5.9
93.7
97.2
90.6
78.1 54.2
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
46.8
45.7
48.1
Male (years)
45.5
44.4
46.5
53.1
Female (years)
48.3
47.0
49.7
55.3
Fertility rate
7.1
6.9
5.8
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
117.3
117.3
111.7
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
181.4
181.4
169.9
122.4
Primary, male
66.6
..
100.4
103.2
Primary, female
46.9
..
87.0
95.8
Secondary, male
..
..
47.8
43.5
Secondary, female
..
..
27.6
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
78.5
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
66.9
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
50.4
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
79.5
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
54.9
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
73.3
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
62.1
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
24
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
17.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
2.5
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
5.5
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
24.4
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
87.7
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
44.7
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
79.3
..
930
770
540
505
Labor force, total (millions)
13.7
18.5
25.3
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
48.7
50.1
49.9
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
74.9
73.0
72.6
76.7
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
68.6
71.3
70.9
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
3,075
4,339
6,057
6,057
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
55.5
54.9
53.9
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
50.7
50.8
49.1
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
40.6
41.6
41.8
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
24,555
30,823
Agricultural population (thousands)
37,742 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
4,815
5,642
6,901
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
4,645
6,052
7,293 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
38.9
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
13.7
..
..
..
20.8
..
5.0
..
8.4
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
25
Congo, Republic of SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
910
560
2,240
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
2.8
3.2
12.0
1,117.5
1.0
7.6
8.8
5.0
1,170
1,027
1,253
653
-1.7
4.8
6.0
2.4
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
2.4
3.1
4.0
844.0
50.2
50.0
49.9
50.0
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
52.7
54.8
55.7
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.3
54.7
55.8
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
90.4
82.7
79.4
84.7
7.1
6.8
6.6
5.9
83.3
75.9
72.8
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
56.2
54.1
57.0
Male (years)
54.9
53.2
55.7
53.1
Female (years)
57.7
55.1
58.2
55.3
Fertility rate
5.4
4.9
4.5
4.9
73.7
66.9
60.8
77.1
116.3
104.2
93.4
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
126.2
90.4
117.9
Primary, female
118.3
84.0
112.0
95.8
Secondary, male
54.0
41.8
..
43.5
Secondary, female
41.1
29.4
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
8.0
7.9
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
1.6
2.5
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
88.5
85.8
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
59.3
..
72.8
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
58.3
..
68.8
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
26
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
44.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
8.9
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
12.7
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
16.2
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
85.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
74.7
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
12.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
83.4
..
420
540
560
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.9
1.3
1.7
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.5
48.1
48.6
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
74.1
72.5
73.8
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
60.5
66.1
69.7
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
216
287
352
352
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
48.6
49.8
49.7
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
44.8
44.8
44.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
47.1
44.9
45.1
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
1,145
1,255
Agricultural population (thousands)
1,291 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
264
294
295
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
183
208
229 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
31.8
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
17.2
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
23.3
..
14.0
12.0
7.3
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
27
Côte d’Ivoire SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
740
650
1,170
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
10.8
10.4
22.9
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-1.1
-3.7
2.4
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
663
628
588
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-4.4
-5.7
0.4
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
12.5
16.6
19.7
844.0
Female (% of total)
48.1
48.5
49.0
50.0
3.4
2.1
2.0
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
50.5
54.0
54.8
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
53.8
56.1
55.7
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
91.5
81.6
80.9
84.7
5.1
5.6
6.9
5.9
86.4
76.0
74.1
78.1
Total (years)
52.6
50.2
54.7
54.2
Male (years)
51.1
49.2
53.7
53.1
Female (years)
54.3
51.1
55.9
55.3
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.3
5.2
4.4
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
104.6
100.2
85.9
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
151.4
147.7
123.0
122.4
Primary, male
79.0
85.0
..
103.2
Primary, female
56.3
63.6
..
95.8
Secondary, male
..
30.6
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
16.6
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
9.5
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
3.7
..
5.2
..
69.3
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
49.8
52.3
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
30.3
33.0
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
60.8
64.7
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
38.6
45.3
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
70.8
72.1
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
52.1
61.0
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
28
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
12.9
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
8.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
28.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
87.6
84.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
45.3
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
54.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
62.8
56.8
..
710
590
400
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
4.6
6.4
7.8
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
30.1
35.0
37.4
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
88.3
82.2
81.9
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
44.3
49.5
52.4
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,252
1,739
2,047
2,047
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
33.7
39.3
39.6
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
37.7
40.5
40.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
71.9
62.0
61.7
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
7,437
8,085
Agricultural population (thousands)
7,484 471,737
957
1,074
1,016
1,729
1,872
1,799 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
61.9
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
0.0
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
6.0
..
8.9
19.4
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
29
Djibouti 1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions) GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
..
750
..
3,533
0.5
0.6
..
586.8
..
0.4
..
4.2
1,174
753
..
2,313
..
-2.4
..
2.7
Basic demographic indicators Population
0.6
0.7
0.9
166.3
50.1
50.1
50.0
50.0
5.0
2.8
1.9
1.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
53.6
56.0
60.8
65.7
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
53.2
55.9
60.9
65.4
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
87.2
78.8
64.2
52.8
4.5
4.9
5.4
7.8
82.7
73.9
58.8
44.8
Total (years)
51.4
53.9
57.5
72.8
Male (years)
49.9
52.5
56.1
70.9
Female (years)
52.9
55.3
59.0
74.8
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.2
4.8
3.8
2.5
95.0
83.1
73.0
23.0
122.7
105.6
91.1
27.0
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
41.3
37.1
..
..
Primary, female
30.2
27.2
..
..
Secondary, male
12.6
16.4
..
..
8.8
10.8
..
..
Tertiary, male
..
0.3
..
..
Tertiary, female
..
0.3
..
..
72.2
71.0
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
32.9
..
..
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
22.6
..
..
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Secondary, female
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
30
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income
1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
22.5
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
0.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
17.1
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
22.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
92.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
10.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
92.9
..
290
290
200
78
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.1
0.2
0.3
56.2
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
29.5
32.4
34.8
23.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
68.4
68.4
69.3
77.3
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
28.6
32.9
37.4
23.9
52
67
84
2,048
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
44.2
44.8
45.2
27.4
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
41.8
41.0
40.3
17.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
51.7
49.6
47.8
48.2
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
461
573
658
41,333
Agricultural population (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
84
108
132
6,229
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
98
125
153
7,734
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
0.0
0.0
13.8
..
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
31
Egypt, Arab Republic of 1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
750
1,440
2,420
3,533
GDP ($ billions)
43.1
99.8
218.9
586.8
5.7
5.4
5.2
4.2
1,154
1,476
1,976
2,313
3.5
3.5
3.3
2.7
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
56.8
67.6
81.1
166.3
Female (% of total)
49.7
49.7
49.8
50.0
2.1
1.8
1.7
1.5
55.5
59.6
63.5
65.7
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
55.1
59.5
63.4
65.4
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
80.9
67.9
57.6
52.8
6.8
7.4
7.9
7.8
74.2
60.5
49.7
44.8
Total (years)
62.0
69.1
73.0
72.8
Male (years)
60.4
67.3
71.1
70.9
Female (years)
63.7
71.0
75.0
74.8
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
4.4
3.3
2.7
2.5
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
67.8
37.0
18.6
23.0
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
93.5
46.5
21.8
27.0
Primary, male
93.5
101.9
102.8
..
Primary, female
78.4
93.7
98.4
..
Secondary, male
77.6
85.9
73.9
..
Secondary, female
59.4
79.1
71.1
..
Tertiary, male
18.3
..
34.0
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Tertiary, female Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
9.6
..
30.7
..
80.5
92.1
95.9
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
97.9
..
..
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
90.6
..
..
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
32
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income
1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
56.1
60.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.0
0.7
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
53.9
57.6
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
10.7
9.2
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
52.9
73.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
36.7
66.0
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
60.9
78.9
..
230
100
66
78
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages Labor force, total (millions)
16.8
20.1
27.1
56.2
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
26.5
21.5
24.2
23.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
76.2
76.2
78.1
77.3
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
27.9
21.3
25.3
23.9
3,609
4,407
5,439
5,439
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
37.5
29.6
28.8
27.4
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
25.6
19.0
19.9
17.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
41.2
43.6
47.6
48.2
5.2
5.1
..
..
17.9
22.7
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
24,516
23,446
22,664
41,333
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
2,434
2,292
2,672
6,229
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
4,061
4,047
3,947
7,734
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
12.0
13.4
..
4.0
2.0
1.8
..
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
Agricultural population (thousands)
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
33
Equatorial Guinea SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
330
1,270
13,720
1,202
0.1
1.3
14.5
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
3.3
13.5
-0.8
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
555
2,410
8,537
653
0.1
9.9
-3.5
2.4
GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
0.4
0.5
0.7
844.0
48.9
48.8
48.7
50.0
3.1
3.2
2.8
2.5
56.5
52.5
56.9
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
59.1
55.0
58.7
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
72.9
85.9
72.9
84.7
7.7
6.8
5.0
5.9
65.2
79.1
67.8
78.1
Total (years)
46.8
48.7
50.8
54.2
Male (years)
45.2
47.3
49.6
53.1
Female (years)
48.4
50.2
52.2
55.3
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
5.9
5.8
5.2
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
118.2
97.9
80.5
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
189.5
152.3
120.8
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
110.0
87.9
Primary, female
..
105.1
85.4
95.8
Secondary, male
..
43.5
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
19.2
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
4.5
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
2.0
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
81.3
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
52.2
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
52.5
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
93.4
97.0
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
80.5
89.8
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
94.8
97.7
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
94.9
98.2
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
34
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
High income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
10.1
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.4
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
6.1
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
86.1
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
26.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
64.6
..
..
1,200
450
240
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.2
0.3
0.4
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.1
44.3
44.7
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
94.1
95.3
94.0
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
82.6
82.6
82.0
64.3
55
57
103
103
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
41.8
42.1
41.7
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
64.6
64.4
63.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
88.4
89.3
88.0
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
276
361
Agricultural population (thousands)
450 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
42
59
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
66
83
74
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
13.0
5.0
10.0
19.4
102 102,915
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
35
Eritrea SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
..
170
340
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
..
0.6
2.1
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
..
-13.1
2.2
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
..
173
147
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
..
-16.1
-0.8
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
3.2
3.7
5.3
844.0
51.0
51.1
50.7
50.0
1.5
3.5
3.0
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
51.8
53.4
56.4
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.3
52.0
55.4
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
95.8
89.7
78.8
84.7
5.1
4.6
4.4
5.9
90.7
85.1
74.4
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
48.2
56.0
61.0
Male (years)
46.1
53.8
58.7
53.1
Female (years)
50.5
58.3
63.4
55.3
Fertility rate
6.2
5.4
4.5
4.9
87.1
60.4
42.3
77.1
140.6
92.7
60.8
122.4
Primary, male
21.4
62.9
48.5
103.2
Primary, female
20.2
51.5
40.6
95.8
Secondary, male
..
29.7
36.3
43.5
Secondary, female
..
20.4
27.6
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
1.6
3.0
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
0.3
1.0
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
77.3
80.1
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
40.0
43.2
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
32.5
36.4
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
77.9
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
56.0
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
91.6
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
85.8
..
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
36
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
34.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
..
..
880
390
240
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
1.4
1.7
2.6
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
47.0
47.3
48.6
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
91.6
91.0
90.8
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
76.8
77.0
82.0
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
505
684
818
818
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.9
47.4
48.2
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
74.9
75.3
74.2
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
83.4
83.5
80.4
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
..
2,826
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
..
480
674
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
..
610
874 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
4.2
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
7.7
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
46.7
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
15.0
22.0
19.4
3,875 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
37
Ethiopia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
250
130
390
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
12.1
8.2
29.7
1,117.5
2.7
6.1
9.9
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
129
125
221
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-0.6
3.3
7.6
2.4
GDP growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
48.3
65.6
82.9
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.4
50.3
50.2
50.0
3.3
2.6
2.1
2.5
52.2
51.3
55.4
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.9
50.9
55.0
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
92.1
95.7
81.2
84.7
5.5
5.8
6.0
5.9
86.6
89.9
75.1
78.1 54.2
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
47.0
51.7
58.7
Male (years)
45.6
50.3
57.2
53.1
Female (years)
48.5
53.2
60.3
55.3
Fertility rate
7.1
6.1
4.2
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
110.5
87.2
67.8
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
184.1
140.7
105.9
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
44.2
66.6
106.2
Primary, female
28.9
43.2
96.8
95.8
..
17.4
39.3
43.5
Secondary, male
..
11.6
32.1
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.3
1.9
8.0
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.3
0.5
2.9
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
65.0
88.8
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
29.8
75.3
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
16.2
69.1
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Secondary, female
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
38
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
4.8
8.1
14.7
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
0.1
0.3
0.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
2.9
6.3
13.7
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
35.2
33.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
26.7
33.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
10.4
12.2
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
5.6
5.7
..
950
700
350
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages Labor force, total (millions)
21.6
29.0
40.8
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.1
45.2
47.2
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
91.8
92.2
90.7
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
74.8
75.5
80.9
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
7,198
9,641
13,562
13,562
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.9
47.1
48.2
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
73.5
74.2
74.5
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
83.2
83.7
79.8
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
44,173
53,957
64,158 471,737
Agricultural population (thousands)
7,652
10,643
14,407
10,434
13,406
17,250 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
23.6
22.8
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
2.0
27.8
19.4
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
39
Gabon SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
4,930
3,080
7,680
1,202
6.0
5.1
13.2
1,117.5
GDP ($ billions)
5.2
-1.9
6.6
5.0
4,627
4,103
4,214
653
1.9
-4.1
4.6
2.4
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
0.9
1.2
1.5
844.0
50.5
50.3
49.8
50.0
3.2
2.3
1.9
2.5
53.1
54.3
60.1
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.8
54.3
60.3
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
88.8
84.2
66.1
84.7
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population)
10.6
8.8
7.2
5.9
Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population)
78.2
75.5
58.9
78.1 54.2
Life expectancy Total (years)
61.3
59.7
62.3
Male (years)
59.8
58.5
61.3
53.1
Female (years)
62.9
60.9
63.4
55.3
Fertility rate
5.2
4.1
3.3
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
67.5
63.4
54.4
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
92.6
87.5
73.5
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
135.6
..
Primary, female
..
135.5
..
95.8
Secondary, male
..
51.6
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
44.4
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
95.9
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
91.4
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
84.1
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
98.6
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
96.6
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
40
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
32.7
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
5.1
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
11.8
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
28.0
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
94.4
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
63.3
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
30.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
85.5
..
..
270
270
230
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.3
0.4
0.6
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.2
45.5
46.3
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
72.8
68.7
66.4
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
56.1
55.2
57.1
64.3
55
70
80
80
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
47.3
45.7
46.3
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
31.5
26.5
23.3
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
37.0
31.5
26.9
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
479
466
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
104
100
83
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
104
106
99 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
33.1
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
11.5
..
..
26.0
..
..
13.0
8.0
14.7
19.4
387 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
41
Gambia, The SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
300
630
610
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
0.3
0.8
1.1
1,117.5
3.6
5.5
6.1
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
589
606
704
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-0.5
2.5
3.3
2.4
GDP growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
1.0
1.3
1.7
844.0
49.8
50.4
50.6
50.0
4.0
2.9
2.7
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
51.2
52.8
54.8
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.9
51.3
52.9
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
95.9
92.1
85.7
84.7
4.5
4.4
4.0
5.9
91.4
87.7
81.7
78.1
Total (years)
53.1
55.2
58.2
54.2
Male (years)
51.9
54.0
57.0
53.1
Female (years)
54.4
56.4
59.4
55.3
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.1
5.6
4.9
4.9
78.3
66.1
56.9
77.1
165.2
127.5
98.1
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
90.4
81.7
Primary, female
..
78.5
83.5
95.8
Secondary, male
25.4
..
55.6
43.5
Secondary, female
11.9
..
52.6
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
1.6
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
0.4
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
99.3
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
73.9
69.5
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
59.2
71.6
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
49.0
57.6
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
25.1
35.8
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
64.3
71.0
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
41.4
60.0
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
42
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health
11.8
9.5
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
0.4
0.1
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
6.7
8.7
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
90.7
97.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
44.1
54.7
56.7
..
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
700
520
360
505
Labor force and wages
0.4
0.5
0.8
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
44.7
47.0
47.9
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
85.0
83.2
83.0
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
70.1
71.5
72.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
128
180
228
228
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
50.0
51.1
50.4
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
65.2
64.7
64.3
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
68.7
66.4
64.6
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
792
1,026
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
178
238
324
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
174
223
281 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
8.0
2.0
7.5
19.4
1,314 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
43
Ghana SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
400
340
1,250
1,202
5.9
5.0
32.2
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
3.3
3.7
8.0
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
221
260
360
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
0.5
1.3
5.5
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
14.8
19.2
24.4
844.0
Female (% of total)
49.3
49.2
49.1
50.0
2.7
2.4
2.4
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
53.1
55.7
57.6
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.9
55.5
57.6
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
88.7
79.9
73.6
84.7
5.8
6.0
6.6
5.9
83.0
73.9
67.0
78.1
Total (years)
56.8
58.4
63.8
54.2
Male (years)
55.9
57.6
62.9
53.1
Female (years)
57.8
59.2
64.8
55.3
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
5.6
4.7
4.2
4.9
76.7
64.0
50.0
77.1
121.7
99.1
74.4
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
75.4
87.9
..
Primary, female
63.6
82.4
..
95.8
Secondary, male
42.2
44.4
..
43.5
Secondary, female
27.9
36.5
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
78.0
90.2
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
75.2
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
66.8
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
66.4
72.8
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
49.8
60.4
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
75.9
81.2
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
65.5
78.9
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
44
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
23.5
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
2.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
16.6
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
35.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
90.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
78.2
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
27.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
57.1
..
580
550
350
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
5.9
8.4
10.4
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
48.4
48.1
47.6
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
73.1
77.2
72.3
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
71.0
73.9
68.4
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,429
2,097
1,879
1,879
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
54.9
49.4
48.8
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
54.0
54.4
38.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
42.9
53.5
38.7
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
10.1
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
10.7
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
16.4
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
16.7
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
8,697
10,809
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,622
2,102
2,681
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,963
2,683
3,394 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
33.7
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
9.0
8.3
19.4
13,129 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
45
Guinea SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
450
400
390
1,202
2.7
3.1
4.7
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
4.3
1.9
1.9
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
363
373
550
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-0.3
0.4
-0.3
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
5.8
8.3
10.0
844.0
49.6
49.5
49.5
50.0
4.5
1.4
2.2
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
52.5
52.5
53.8
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.0
52.4
53.8
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
91.3
90.7
86.0
84.7
6.3
6.3
6.2
5.9
85.0
84.4
79.8
78.1
Total (years)
43.7
48.1
53.6
54.2
Male (years)
42.5
46.7
52.1
53.1
Female (years)
44.9
49.6
55.3
55.3
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.7
6.0
5.2
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
135.4
105.6
81.2
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
229.2
175.0
129.9
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
44.9
70.5
102.6
Primary, female
21.0
48.4
85.9
95.8
Secondary, male
15.3
..
..
43.5
Secondary, female
5.2
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
2.0
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.2
..
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
44.0
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
28.5
43.9
74.9
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
8.7
20.2
53.0
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
50.8
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
28.1
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
68.1
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
53.8
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
46
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
9.1
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.1
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
4.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
21.2
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
88.4
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
50.3
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
17.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
46.1
..
1,200
970
610
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.3
3.3
4.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.1
44.6
45.2
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
79.7
79.5
79.5
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
65.8
64.9
66.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
573
858
1,077
1,077
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.1
45.9
46.8
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
50.6
50.1
51.7
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
56.8
56.8
56.9
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
5,019
6,996
7,964 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,176
1,648
1,905
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,195
1,672
1,927 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
16.7
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
9.0
..
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
47
Guinea-Bissau SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
220
180
580
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
0.2
0.2
0.8
1,117.5
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
6.1
7.5
3.5
5.0
183
174
161
653
4.0
5.4
1.4
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
1.0
1.2
1.5
844.0
50.5
50.5
50.4
50.0
2.0
1.9
2.1
2.5
52.9
53.8
55.5
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.6
53.4
55.2
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
89.5
86.7
80.6
84.7
6.6
6.2
6.0
5.9
82.9
80.5
74.6
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
42.8
44.9
47.7
Male (years)
41.4
43.5
46.2
53.1
Female (years)
44.4
46.3
49.2
55.3
Fertility rate
6.6
5.8
5.1
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
124.5
106.6
92.0
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
209.9
176.8
149.5
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
94.1
127.1
Primary, female
..
63.3
119.2
95.8
Secondary, male
..
23.9
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
13.1
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
0.7
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
0.1
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
65.4
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
38.1
75.3
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
21.4
60.0
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
57.6
66.9
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
27.5
38.0
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
74.8
78.2
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
45.9
63.6
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
7.6
14.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.1
0.7
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
3.6
6.1
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
25.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
62.1
93.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
70.0
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
24.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
34.7
44.0
..
1,100
970
790
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.4
0.5
0.6
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
44.5
45.5
47.3
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
79.7
79.7
79.4
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
61.9
64.6
69.4
64.3
93
128
167
167
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.2
46.9
48.5
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
45.7
49.6
53.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
54.0
56.6
56.7
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
867
1,024
Agricultural population (thousands)
1,202 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
153
178
203
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
185
213
244 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
20.0
..
10.0
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
49
Kenya SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
380
420
810
1,202
8.6
12.7
32.2
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
4.2
0.6
5.6
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
450
406
469
653
0.7
-1.9
2.8
2.4
GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
23.4
31.3
40.5
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.2
50.1
50.1
50.0
3.4
2.6
2.6
2.5
48.7
53.2
55.0
54.5
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
47.9
52.6
54.8
54.2
107.0
89.0
82.2
84.7
5.6
5.3
4.8
5.9
101.5
83.7
77.3
78.1
Total (years)
59.3
52.3
56.5
54.2
Male (years)
57.5
51.3
55.4
53.1
Female (years)
61.3
53.3
57.6
55.3
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.0
5.0
4.7
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
64.3
68.6
55.1
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
99.4
111.1
84.7
122.4
102.3
95.9
..
103.2
98.8
94.5
..
95.8
Secondary, male
..
40.2
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
38.2
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
3.6
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
1.9
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
97.6
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
77.7
90.5
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
70.2
83.5
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
79.8
91.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
80.7
93.6
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male Primary, female
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
50
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
45.5
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.8
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
38.9
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
25.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
76.2
91.5
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
47.1
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
73.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
43.8
..
400
490
360
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
9.0
11.9
15.5
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
47.3
46.8
46.5
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
80.1
73.3
71.9
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
70.1
63.3
61.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
2,641
3,049
3,372
3,372
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
48.7
46.3
44.9
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
55.2
41.4
35.9
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
58.5
47.7
43.9
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
18,647
23,576
Agricultural population (thousands)
28,605 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
3,873
5,311
6,435
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
3,973
5,446
6,785 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
33.9
..
1.0
4.0
9.8
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
51
Lesotho SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
540
530
1,100
1,202
0.5
0.7
2.2
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
6.5
5.7
5.6
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
308
380
496
653
4.5
4.1
4.5
2.4
GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
1.6
2.0
2.2
844.0
52.7
51.8
50.9
50.0
1.8
1.5
1.0
2.5
53.6
55.5
58.5
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
49.6
53.0
58.1
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
93.5
84.1
71.5
84.7
8.2
8.2
7.4
5.9
85.3
75.9
64.1
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
59.3
47.6
47.4
Male (years)
57.5
47.2
48.1
53.1
Female (years)
61.2
48.0
46.6
55.3
Fertility rate
4.9
4.1
3.2
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
72.0
87.5
64.6
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
89.3
126.8
85.0
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
97.9
109.5
104.5
Primary, female
119.2
113.4
102.0
95.8
Secondary, male
20.0
26.0
39.0
43.5
Secondary, female
Primary, male
29.3
34.3
53.9
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.2
1.6
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
1.5
2.6
..
5.2
123.8
107.5
106.1
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
41.4
50.3
60.4
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
75.5
69.3
78.9
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
80.0
82.9
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
92.0
95.3
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
84.8
85.7
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
97.5
98.1
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
52
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
30.4
47.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
1.8
9.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
29.4
45.6
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
84.7
91.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
70.4
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
64.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
59.8
61.5
..
520
690
620
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.7
0.8
0.9
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
49.7
49.1
46.0
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
84.0
81.0
74.5
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
68.4
69.0
60.0
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
218
274
229
229
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
45.9
44.9
41.5
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
60.1
56.6
37.7
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
74.4
68.9
52.6
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
724
819
844 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
202
233
238
99
114
125 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
18.4
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
21.6
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
37.3
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
4.0
24.2
19.4
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
53
Liberia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy
..
190
210
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
0.4
0.5
1.0
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-51.0
25.7
10.3
5.0
192
186
261
653
-50.3
19.7
5.9
2.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
2.1
2.8
4.0
844.0
50.2
50.1
49.8
50.0
-1.5
4.9
4.0
2.5
52.2
54.1
54.0
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.4
53.5
53.5
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
93.0
85.9
86.2
84.7
5.1
4.8
5.2
5.9
88.0
81.0
81.0
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
42.3
46.0
56.1
Male (years)
40.7
44.8
55.2
53.1
Female (years)
43.9
47.2
57.2
55.3
Fertility rate
6.5
5.8
5.2
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
151.2
115.1
73.6
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
226.6
168.9
102.6
122.4
Primary, male
..
128.6
..
103.2
Primary, female
..
94.5
..
95.8
Secondary, male
..
40.3
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
29.2
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
24.5
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
13.6
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
73.3
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
63.7
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
54.5
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
70.4
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
80.9
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
54
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
10.0
11.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.6
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
10.3
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
35.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
84.4
79.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
66.0
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
16.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
50.9
46.3
..
1,200
1,300
770
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.7
1.0
1.4
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
47.2
49.0
47.7
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
64.2
61.8
64.2
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
56.7
59.1
58.9
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
151
206
274
274
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
47.7
49.0
48.9
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
34.7
34.5
34.9
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
37.8
35.5
35.7
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
3.4
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
4.1
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
3.9
..
7.7
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)
..
..
1,538
1,923
2,477 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
259
320
402
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
310
392
511 102,915
97,543
Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
53.0
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
29.9
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
30.0
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
..
12.5
19.4
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
55
Libya 1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Economy
..
..
..
3,533
GDP ($ billions)
28.9
33.9
..
586.8
GDP growth (%)
..
3.7
..
4.2
GDP per capita (2000 $)
..
6,480
..
2,313
GDP per capita growth (%)
..
1.8
..
2.7
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
Basic demographic indicators Population
4.3
5.2
6.4
166.3
47.6
48.6
49.3
50.0
2.0
1.9
1.5
1.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
52.5
64.1
65.5
65.7
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
55.3
64.4
65.1
65.4
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
85.4
55.6
53.2
52.8
4.8
5.3
6.6
7.8
80.6
50.4
46.6
44.8
Total (years)
68.1
72.5
74.8
72.8
Male (years)
65.8
70.0
72.2
70.9
Female (years)
70.5
75.2
77.4
74.8
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
4.8
3.1
2.6
2.5
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
32.9
21.6
13.4
23.0
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
44.5
27.2
16.9
27.0
Primary, male
..
120.7
..
..
Primary, female
..
119.2
..
..
Secondary, male
..
..
..
..
Secondary, female
..
..
..
..
Tertiary, male
..
47.5
..
..
Tertiary, female
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
..
46.2
..
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
95.2
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
82.0
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
99.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
99.8
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Upper middle income
1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
93.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
99.8
..
99
67
58
78
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
1.2
1.8
2.4
56.2
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
17.7
26.1
28.0
23.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
75.0
75.2
79.9
77.3
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
18.9
28.6
32.0
23.9
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
286
454
420
420
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
23.1
30.6
31.7
27.4
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
14.7
21.8
24.2
17.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
47.3
48.2
50.0
48.2
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
449
302
193
41,333
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
53
62
50
6,229
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
74
41
21
7,734
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
..
7.7
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
Women’s empowerment
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2012/13
57
Madagascar SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
250
250
430
1,202
3.1
3.9
8.7
1,117.5
3.1
4.8
1.6
5.0
289
252
243
653
0.1
1.5
-1.3
2.4
Total (millions)
11.3
15.4
20.7
844.0
Female (% of total)
49.9
50.1
50.2
50.0
2.9
3.1
2.9
2.5
52.3
51.8
53.9
54.5
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.9
51.4
53.6
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
91.8
93.8
86.0
84.7
6.1
6.1
5.8
5.9
85.7
87.7
80.2
78.1 54.2
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
50.7
59.7
66.5
Male (years)
49.6
58.2
64.9
53.1
Female (years)
52.0
61.2
68.1
55.3
Fertility rate
6.3
5.5
4.7
4.9
97.0
65.3
43.1
77.1
158.8
101.5
62.1
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
103.7
104.7
149.8
Primary, female
99.4
100.7
147.3
95.8
Secondary, male
19.1
..
..
43.5
Secondary, female
Primary, male
18.1
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
3.9
2.4
3.9
8.3
Tertiary, female
3.1
2.1
3.5
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
95.6
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
36.3
36.9
71.7
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
37.7
37.3
73.2
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
76.5
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
65.3
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
72.7
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
68.2
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
18.8
39.9
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
0.4
1.1
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
11.8
28.2
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
18.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
71.2
86.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
49.3
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
46.2
43.9
..
640
400
240
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
5.4
7.3
10.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
48.4
48.7
48.9
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
89.6
90.5
89.5
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
85.3
85.9
85.4
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,660
2,171
2,992
2,992
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
49.6
49.5
49.5
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
73.5
74.3
72.1
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
74.5
75.8
73.6
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
6.0
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
5.7
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)
..
..
8,889
11,498
14,529 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
2,185
2,814
3,878
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,844
2,429
3,378 102,915
97,543
Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
50.0
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
0.0
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
22.3
..
7.0
8.0
..
19.4
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
59
Malawi SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
180
160
330
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
1.9
1.7
5.1
1,117.5
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
5.7
1.6
6.5
5.0
133
155
185
653
2.0
-1.2
3.2
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
9.4
11.2
14.9
844.0
50.8
50.4
50.0
50.0
3.6
2.8
3.1
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
52.3
51.6
51.3
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.5
50.6
50.9
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
94.4
95.6
95.7
84.7
5.2
6.0
6.0
5.9
89.2
89.6
89.7
78.1
Total (years)
47.1
46.0
53.5
54.2
Male (years)
46.0
45.7
53.4
53.1
Female (years)
48.3
46.4
53.5
55.3
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.8
6.1
6.0
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
130.9
98.7
58.1
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
222.1
166.5
92.1
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
75.1
141.2
133.0
Primary, female
65.1
136.5
138.0
95.8
Secondary, male
21.0
36.7
33.6
43.5
Secondary, female
12.0
27.6
30.6
35.6
Tertiary, male
0.8
0.5
0.9
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.3
0.2
0.5
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
80.9
92.8
101.3
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
31.9
69.1
65.4
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
24.2
61.8
68.1
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
80.6
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
67.0
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
86.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
86.0
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
30.6
41.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
1.6
2.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
25.7
42.2
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
29.7
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
91.4
94.7
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
56.0
45.5
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
58.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
55.6
53.6
..
1,100
840
460
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
3.9
4.8
6.7
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
50.8
49.7
51.5
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
79.1
80.6
80.3
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
75.9
77.0
84.9
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
972
1,305
1,812
1,812
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
54.7
52.3
54.6
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
59.8
61.7
65.5
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
50.6
56.1
53.9
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
7,738
8,758
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,882
2,231
2,889
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,495
1,676
2,020 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
23.9
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
15.6
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
26.6
24.7
..
10.0
8.0
20.8
19.4
10,856 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
61
Mali SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
260
230
600
1,202
2.4
2.4
9.4
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-1.9
3.2
5.8
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
188
214
273
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-3.7
0.2
2.6
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
11.3
15.4
844.0
50.4
50.0
50.0
1.9
2.9
3.0
2.5
50.8
51.3
51.3
54.5
48.2
49.3
50.0
54.2
102.0
98.8
97.5
84.7
6.0
5.0
4.3
5.9
96.0
93.8
93.1
78.1 54.2
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
8.7 50.7
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
44.2
47.2
51.0
Male (years)
43.1
46.2
49.9
53.1
Female (years)
45.2
48.3
52.1
55.3
Fertility rate
7.1
6.8
6.3
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
131.0
113.4
99.2
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
255.4
213.2
178.1
122.4
Primary, male
35.2
62.8
85.9
103.2
Primary, female
21.0
47.3
74.7
95.8
Secondary, male
8.9
21.1
44.3
43.5
Secondary, female
4.4
11.9
30.9
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.0
2.5
8.1
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.2
1.2
3.4
5.2
57.6
71.1
81.9
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
35.7
60.8
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
22.7
48.7
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
8.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
0.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
6.3
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
31.2
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
70.4
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
35.4
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
49.0
..
1,100
740
540
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.3
3.1
4.3
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
38.9
37.5
35.5
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
67.1
67.7
70.9
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
39.6
38.5
37.9
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
685
946
1,240
1,240
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
38.1
37.7
37.4
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
31.0
31.1
31.2
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
49.9
49.7
50.3
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
7,378
9,112
Agricultural population (thousands)
11,516 471,737
707
862
1,246
1,513
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
58.3
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
21.0
..
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,133
97,543
1,916 102,915
Women’s empowerment
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
12.3
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
12.0
10.2
19.4
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2012/13
63
Mauritania SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy
490
530
1,000
1,202
1.0
1.3
3.6
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-1.8
-0.4
5.2
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
487
490
609
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-4.4
-3.3
2.7
2.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
Basic demographic indicators Population
2.0
2.6
3.5
844.0
50.2
50.0
49.7
50.0
2.7
2.9
2.4
2.5
53.2
55.0
57.5
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.8
54.2
57.4
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
90.5
83.0
74.1
84.7
5.0
4.9
4.7
5.9
85.5
78.1
69.5
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
55.9
57.0
58.2
Male (years)
54.5
55.5
56.6
53.1
Female (years)
57.5
58.6
60.0
55.3
Fertility rate
5.9
5.2
4.5
4.9
80.3
77.0
75.3
77.1
124.1
115.6
111.2
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
53.9
85.6
99.5
Primary, female
40.6
83.2
104.5
95.8
Secondary, male
18.3
20.9
26.4
43.5
Secondary, female
8.5
15.5
22.4
35.6
Tertiary, male
5.3
..
6.1
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.7
..
2.5
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
68.9
93.1
101.2
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
36.0
..
73.6
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
21.8
..
76.0
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
59.5
64.5
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
43.4
50.3
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
67.7
70.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
55.5
64.3
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
9.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
0.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
8.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
24.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
75.4
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
60.9
..
760
630
510
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.5
0.8
1.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
20.0
23.3
26.5
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
78.6
79.0
79.9
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
18.9
23.6
29.0
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
145
205
276
276
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
20.0
23.9
27.5
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
14.7
18.4
22.4
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
56.8
56.9
56.8
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
8.9
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
41.2
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1,096
1,393
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
210
290
404
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
226
280
340 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
29.1
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
4.0
22.1
19.4
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)
1,741 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
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2012/13
65
Mauritius SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
2,440
3,870
7,780
1,202
2.7
4.6
9.7
1,117.5
GDP ($ billions)
7.2
9.0
4.1
5.0
2,575
3,861
5,181
653
6.2
8.0
3.7
2.4
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
1.1
1.2
1.3
844.0
50.1
50.4
50.6
50.0
0.9
1.0
0.5
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
65.4
67.3
70.7
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
66.2
67.9
71.7
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
52.0
48.0
40.4
84.7
6.9
8.4
9.7
5.9
45.1
39.5
30.7
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
69.4
71.7
73.0
Male (years)
65.6
68.2
69.5
53.1
Female (years)
73.4
75.3
76.7
55.3
Fertility rate
2.3
2.0
1.5
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
20.7
16.4
13.0
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
23.9
18.6
15.1
122.4
Primary, male
111.2
101.8
99.1
103.2
Primary, female
112.4
101.1
99.7
95.8
Secondary, male
52.3
76.6
89.5
43.5
Secondary, female
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
52.5
73.9
89.3
35.6
Tertiary, male
3.8
11.5
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
2.3
10.0
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
100.4
98.1
100.1
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
113.8
96.2
95.7
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
113.5
94.8
96.3
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
85.1
88.2
90.6
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
74.7
80.5
85.3
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
90.7
93.7
95.5
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
91.7
95.4
97.6
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
.. ..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%) Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
..
..
..
91.1
..
99.2
..
68
28
60
505
Labor force and wages
0.4
0.5
0.6
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
31.8
34.5
37.7
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
85.4
85.2
80.5
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
40.3
44.8
48.3
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
120
106
88
88
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
34.2
35.8
40.9
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
37.7
36.7
33.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
55.4
Labor force, total (millions)
70.9
64.4
47.3
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
8.3
4.6
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
9.6
12.8
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
19.4
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
29.0
..
173
138
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
21
16
12
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
54
46
36 102,915
Agricultural population (thousands)
104 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
16.9
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
0.0
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
7.0
8.0
18.8
19.4
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
67
Morocco 1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
990
1,310
2,850
3,533
GDP ($ billions)
25.8
37.0
90.8
586.8
4.0
1.6
3.7
4.2
1,172
1,272
1,844
2,313
2.0
0.3
2.6
2.7
Total (millions)
24.8
28.8
32.0
166.3
Female (% of total)
50.1
50.5
51.0
50.0
1.9
1.2
1.0
1.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
57.3
62.6
67.2
65.7
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
55.6
60.9
65.8
65.4
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
77.1
62.0
50.4
52.8
6.8
7.6
8.3
7.8
70.4
54.4
42.1
44.8
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
64.1
68.7
71.9
72.8
Male (years)
62.3
66.6
69.7
70.9
Female (years)
66.1
70.9
74.2
74.8
Fertility rate
4.0
2.7
2.3
2.5
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
66.8
46.2
30.4
23.0
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
85.9
55.3
35.5
27.0
Primary, male
80.5
100.1
115.0
..
Primary, female
54.3
84.5
107.6
..
Secondary, male
43.7
42.5
..
..
Secondary, female
31.1
33.7
..
..
Tertiary, male
13.6
11.0
..
..
8.2
8.0
..
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
68.8
82.6
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
60.7
63.7
87.4
..
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
41.8
50.8
81.9
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Tertiary, female
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
68.9
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
43.9
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
86.7
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
72.1
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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Lower middle income
1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
..
..
300
170
100
78
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
7.9
10.2
11.4
56.2
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
25.3
27.9
27.1
23.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
83.1
82.0
78.3
77.3
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
27.1
30.5
26.4
23.9
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
2,414
2,822
2,256
2,256
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
29.2
30.6
26.4
27.4
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
28.4
28.2
19.0
17.7 48.2
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
67.7
64.7
53.0
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
14.2
13.8
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
20.4
13.0
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
30.9
20.9
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
31.6
15.7
..
..
10,408
9,696
8,260
41,333
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,163
1,457
1,436
6,229
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
2,101
1,915
1,572
7,734
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
17.1
..
0.0
1.0
10.5
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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69
Mozambique SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
170
230
440
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
2.5
4.2
9.2
1,117.5
1.0
1.1
6.8
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
184
233
384
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-0.3
-1.5
4.4
2.4
Total (millions)
13.5
18.2
23.4
844.0
Female (% of total)
52.2
52.0
51.3
50.0
1.3
2.6
2.3
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
51.8
54.4
53.5
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
48.4
51.4
51.6
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
99.4
88.8
90.1
84.7
6.5
6.0
6.3
5.9
92.9
82.8
83.8
78.1 54.2
GDP growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
43.2
47.2
49.7
Male (years)
41.6
45.6
48.7
53.1
Female (years)
44.8
49.0
50.7
55.3
Fertility rate
6.2
5.7
4.9
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
146.2
118.9
92.2
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
218.7
176.7
135.0
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
71.7
85.2
121.1
Primary, female
54.1
64.3
109.0
95.8
Secondary, male
8.9
7.5
28.0
43.5
Secondary, female
5.0
4.7
22.9
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
72.7
74.9
89.0
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
32.2
19.8
65.7
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
20.7
12.6
55.4
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
70.1
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
41.5
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
78.1
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
63.7
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
16.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
0.8
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
12.2
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
75.8
92.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
70.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
55.3
..
910
710
490
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
6.0
8.7
11.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
55.5
55.0
53.6
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
80.4
82.5
82.7
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
85.9
88.3
86.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,949
2,579
3,045
3,045
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
55.1
56.0
54.3
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
79.4
78.5
71.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
68.4
64.4
60.6
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
10,907
14,296
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
3,242
4,558
5,656
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,966
2,534
3,018 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
26.4
..
16.0
..
39.2
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
17,781 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
71
Namibia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
1,720
1,950
4,250
1,202
2.4
3.9
11.1
1,117.5
GDP ($ billions)
2.5
3.5
6.6
5.0
1,831
2,062
2,696
653
-1.4
1.0
4.7
2.4
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
1.4
1.9
2.3
844.0
51.1
50.7
50.3
50.0
3.9
2.4
1.8
2.5
53.7
56.7
60.0
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.2
55.9
59.8
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
88.8
77.6
66.9
84.7
6.4
6.0
6.1
5.9
82.4
71.6
60.8
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
60.8
57.7
62.1
Male (years)
58.9
56.7
61.5
53.1
Female (years)
62.8
58.7
62.7
55.3
Fertility rate
5.2
4.0
3.2
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
49.3
48.7
29.3
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
73.1
73.9
40.1
122.4
Primary, male
113.1
114.2
..
103.2
Primary, female
122.7
115.4
..
95.8
Secondary, male
33.8
56.6
..
43.5
Secondary, female
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
42.1
63.7
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
110.8
103.7
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
85.4
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
97.4
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
88.9
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
88.1
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
91.1
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
94.9
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
43.7
55.1
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
5.2
10.6
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
42.6
53.5
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
22.1
20.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
90.6
94.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
69.1
70.4
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
88.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
75.5
81.4
..
200
280
200
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.4
0.6
0.9
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
44.5
44.4
46.3
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
66.2
65.8
71.6
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
49.3
50.2
60.5
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
108
119
192
192
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.3
45.4
47.4
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
34.4
28.2
37.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
40.1
33.5
41.7
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
19.1
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
21.6
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
41.9
..
..
..
45.8
..
..
810
930
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24) Agricultural population (thousands)
935 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
107
115
117
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
112
137
149 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
41.5
44.0
..
7.0
22.0
24.4
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
73
Niger SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
300
180
360
1,202
2.5
1.8
5.4
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-1.3
-1.4
8.0
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
193
165
179
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-4.2
-4.8
4.2
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
7.8
10.9
15.5
844.0
50.7
49.9
49.7
50.0
3.0
3.5
3.5
2.5
51.4
50.5
49.6
54.5
47.9
48.4
48.1
54.2
101.3
102.3
104.8
84.7
4.1
4.2
4.5
5.9
97.2
98.1
100.3
78.1
Total (years)
41.4
48.3
54.3
54.2
Male (years)
41.1
47.9
53.8
53.1
Female (years)
41.8
48.7
54.7
55.3
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
7.8
7.5
7.1
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
131.6
97.8
72.5
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
311.0
217.8
143.3
122.4
Primary, male
32.2
38.4
72.5
103.2
Primary, female
19.4
26.5
59.7
95.8
Secondary, male
9.0
8.8
16.1
43.5
Secondary, female
3.4
5.2
10.6
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.5
..
2.2
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.2
..
0.8
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
53.0
65.1
78.3
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
20.4
22.3
46.6
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
10.8
14.9
35.5
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
14.0
18.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.0
0.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
4.3
5.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
15.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
41.0
46.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
14.9
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
15.7
17.7
..
1,200
870
590
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.3
3.5
5.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
22.6
30.9
31.2
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
93.1
89.0
91.1
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
24.8
38.4
40.2
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
685
1,024
1,610
1,610
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
24.7
33.6
31.8
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
22.2
33.6
35.1
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
85.5
76.8
80.4
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
6,888
9,365
Agricultural population (thousands)
12,859 471,737
821
1,096
1,542
1,426
2,002
2,694 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
17.6
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
11.3
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
18.5
..
5.0
1.0
..
19.4
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
75
Nigeria SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
260
270
1,170
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
28.5
46.0
196.8
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
8.2
5.4
7.8
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
359
372
540
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
5.5
2.9
5.2
2.4
Total (millions)
97.6
123.7
158.4
844.0
Female (% of total)
49.7
49.5
49.4
50.0
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.5
52.3
53.9
53.9
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.8
53.4
53.7
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
92.2
86.4
85.9
84.7
6.1
6.0
6.3
5.9
86.1
80.4
79.6
78.1
Total (years)
45.6
46.3
51.4
54.2
Male (years)
44.5
45.5
50.6
53.1
Female (years)
46.9
47.1
52.2
55.3
Basic demographic indicators Population
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.4
5.9
5.5
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
126.0
111.5
88.4
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
212.6
186.0
142.9
122.4
Primary, male
95.1
107.6
87.1
103.2
Primary, female
73.1
87.7
79.3
95.8
Secondary, male
27.7
26.3
46.8
43.5
Secondary, female
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
20.9
22.2
41.2
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
76.5
82.0
90.1
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
78.8
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
69.7
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
72.0
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
49.8
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
78.1
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
65.3
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
6.0
..
14.6
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
0.4
..
2.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
3.5
..
8.1
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
20.5
..
20.2
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
56.5
..
57.7
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
52.0
..
44.8
.. ..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
22.0
30.8
..
38.9
..
1,100
970
630
505
Labor force, total (millions)
30.6
39.2
50.3
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
34.5
40.1
42.8
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
75.8
67.0
62.9
76.7
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
39.3
44.9
48.0
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
6,050
8,899
11,557
11,557
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
33.3
42.1
45.5
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
22.4
30.5
34.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
43.8
40.4
40.0
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
41,925
41,133
Agricultural population (thousands)
39,405 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
4,336
4,377
4,814
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
8,354
8,067
7,453 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
14.3
..
19.3
..
..
..
7.0
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Female headed households (% of households with a female head) Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
77
Rwanda SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
360
250
520
1,202
2.6
1.7
5.6
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-2.4
8.1
7.2
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
235
214
337
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-2.2
1.2
4.0
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
7.1
8.1
10.6
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.7
51.2
50.9
50.0
Population growth (%)
-0.2
6.6
3.0
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
48.9
52.6
55.1
54.5
Total (millions)
48.6
51.4
54.3
54.2
105.2
92.4
82.8
84.7
4.4
5.0
4.9
5.9
100.8
87.4
78.0
78.1
Total (years)
32.8
46.5
55.1
54.2
Male (years)
31.1
45.6
53.8
53.1
Female (years)
34.6
47.4
56.4
55.3
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
7.0
5.8
5.4
4.9
98.5
105.7
59.1
77.1
162.8
176.7
91.1
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
77.4
105.7
141.1
Primary, female
76.1
102.5
144.0
95.8
Secondary, male
19.2
11.4
31.9
43.5
Secondary, female
15.6
10.8
32.4
35.6
Tertiary, male
0.9
..
6.2
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.2
..
4.8
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
94.8
96.6
101.9
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
50.4
24.7
65.4
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
47.9
21.0
73.8
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
71.4
75.0
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
59.8
66.8
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
78.5
77.0
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
76.9
77.4
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
13.2
51.6
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.4
1.9
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
4.3
26.1
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
35.6
37.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
91.5
98.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
10.4
35.4
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
65.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
31.3
69.0
..
910
840
340
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
3.2
3.8
5.2
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
51.0
52.3
51.8
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
89.5
86.4
86.2
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
89.8
88.3
88.2
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,068
1,317
1,625
1,625
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
51.4
51.7
51.4
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
81.8
77.1
75.0
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
79.6
74.8
72.1
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
6,536
7,355
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,523
1,812
2,460
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,301
1,430
1,900 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
36.1
31.4
..
17.0
17.0
56.3
19.4
9,494 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
..
79
São Tomé and Príncipe SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
..
..
1,250
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
..
..
0.2
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
..
..
4.5
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
..
..
..
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
..
..
2.7
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
0.1
0.1
0.2
844.0
50.4
50.4
50.5
50.0
2.2
1.8
1.8
2.5
49.5
53.7
56.1
54.5
48.5
52.5
55.5
54.2
104.1
88.3
79.2
84.7
8.9
8.2
6.9
5.9
95.2
80.2
72.2
78.1
Total (years)
60.9
62.4
64.3
54.2
Male (years)
60.0
61.3
63.0
53.1
Female (years)
61.8
63.5
65.8
55.3
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
5.4
4.6
3.7
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
61.0
57.1
53.1
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
93.8
87.0
79.9
122.4
Primary, male
142.1
..
130.9
103.2
Primary, female
130.4
..
130.4
95.8
Secondary, male
..
..
50.2
43.5
Secondary, female
..
..
51.7
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
4.5
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
4.4
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
100.4
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
81.5
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
89.2
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
93.7
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
84.0
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
94.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
95.8
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
29.3
38.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.1
5.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
27.4
33.1
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
37.2
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
90.6
97.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
72.4
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
78.6
81.7
..
150
110
70
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.0
0.0
0.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
33.4
35.3
37.2
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
81.1
76.6
78.9
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
39.9
40.8
45.8
64.3
10
13
15
15
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
30.0
30.8
33.3
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
27.3
26.3
26.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
60.7
55.9
54.4
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
12.5
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
17.8
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
79
88
95 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
10
12
16
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
14
15
16 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
39.0
..
12.0
9.0
18.2
19.4
97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
81
Senegal SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
740
530
1,080
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
5.7
4.7
12.9
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-0.7
3.2
4.1
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
478
494
562
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-3.6
0.6
1.4
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
7.2
9.5
12.4
844.0
50.0
50.3
50.4
50.0
3.0
2.6
2.7
2.5
50.8
52.7
54.6
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.1
51.4
53.2
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
98.3
92.1
85.5
84.7
4.7
4.9
4.5
5.9
93.6
87.2
81.0
78.1 54.2
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
53.2
55.7
59.0
Male (years)
52.3
54.7
57.9
53.1
Female (years)
54.3
56.8
60.0
55.3
Fertility rate
6.6
5.5
4.8
4.9
69.7
63.3
49.8
77.1
138.6
118.8
75.2
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
63.5
75.6
84.4
Primary, female
46.1
65.6
89.3
95.8
Secondary, male
19.9
19.9
39.9
43.5
Secondary, female
10.1
13.0
34.9
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
9.9
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
5.9
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
67.4
82.3
99.9
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
51.5
46.4
57.9
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
32.3
34.0
60.6
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
61.8
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
38.7
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
74.2
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
56.2
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
11.8
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.5
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
10.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
31.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
79.0
93.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
39.8
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
57.8
51.9
..
670
500
370
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.9
3.9
5.4
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
41.5
42.9
43.9
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
90.7
89.8
89.7
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
63.1
65.0
66.9
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
987
1,338
1,715
1,715
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
39.6
39.8
39.9
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
54.2
53.8
53.3
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
82.6
81.2
79.6
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
5,535
6,986
8,734 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,047
1,350
1,811
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,249
1,579
2,011 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
20.0
..
13.0
12.0
22.7
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
83
Seychelles SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
5,020
7,420
10,460
1,202
0.4
0.6
1.0
1,117.5
GDP ($ billions)
7.0
4.3
6.7
5.0
5,645
7,579
8,788
653
6.1
3.3
7.7
2.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
844.0
..
..
..
50.0
0.9
0.9
-0.9
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
..
..
..
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
..
..
..
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
..
..
..
84.7
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population)
..
..
..
5.9
Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population)
..
..
..
78.1 54.2
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Life expectancy Total (years)
..
..
73.0
Male (years)
..
..
68.4
53.1
Female (years)
..
..
77.9
55.3
Fertility rate
..
2.1
2.5
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
14.0
11.6
11.7
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
16.6
13.8
13.5
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
111.8
117.2
Primary, female
..
113.1
117.2
95.8
Secondary, male
..
101.8
114.4
43.5
Secondary, female
..
107.4
124.7
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
103.0
104.0
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
106.1
134.6
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
107.1
131.6
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
..
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
..
..
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
..
..
..
505
Labor force, total (millions)
..
..
..
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
..
..
..
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
..
..
..
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
..
..
..
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
..
..
..
..
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
..
..
..
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
..
..
..
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
..
..
..
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
59
62
64 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
13
14
15
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
13
14
15 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
16.0
24.0
23.5
19.4
Labor force and wages
97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
85
Sierra Leone SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP ($ billions)
200
150
340
1,202
0.6
0.6
1.9
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
3.4
3.8
5.0
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
255
153
268
653
2.1
0.9
2.7
2.4
GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
4.0
4.1
5.9
844.0
51.2
51.4
51.2
50.0
1.3
2.8
2.2
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
55.5
56.0
55.8
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
54.6
55.0
54.4
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
81.6
80.2
81.4
84.7
4.7
3.8
3.4
5.9
76.9
76.4
78.0
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
38.7
39.7
47.4
Male (years)
37.4
38.5
46.8
53.1
Female (years)
40.1
41.0
48.0
55.3
Fertility rate
5.7
5.7
5.0
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
162.1
141.9
113.7
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
276.0
232.8
174.0
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
62.3
..
..
Primary, female
41.2
..
..
95.8
Secondary, male
22.4
..
..
43.5
Secondary, female
11.0
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
1.9
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
1.5
..
5.2
61.8
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
52.7
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
30.1
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
67.6
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
48.1
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
4.3
8.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.1
0.6
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
3.9
6.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
27.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
67.9
86.9
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
56.1
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
19.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
41.7
42.4
..
1,300
1,300
890
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
1.5
1.6
2.3
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
50.3
53.2
50.7
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
68.3
63.9
69.6
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
66.5
68.7
67.8
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
307
340
503
503
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
58.6
57.6
56.1
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
45.9
45.9
48.5
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
35.1
35.2
39.8
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
2,819
2,692
Agricultural population (thousands)
3,522 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
641
601
817
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
442
440
509 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
7.9
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
7.1
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
22.4
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
9.0
13.2
19.4
Women’s empowerment
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2012/13
87
Somalia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
150
..
..
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
0.9
..
..
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-1.5
..
..
5.0
..
..
..
653
-1.9
..
..
2.4
GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
6.6
7.4
9.3
844.0
50.5
50.5
50.4
50.0
0.4
2.8
2.3
2.5
52.9
53.4
52.6
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.4
52.8
52.1
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
90.0
88.3
91.0
84.7
5.6
5.2
5.2
5.9
84.4
83.1
85.8
78.1
Total (years)
44.5
48.3
50.9
54.2
Male (years)
43.0
46.7
49.4
53.1
Female (years)
46.1
49.9
52.5
55.3
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.6
6.5
6.3
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
108.3
108.3
108.3
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
180.0
180.0
180.0
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
..
..
Primary, female
..
..
..
95.8
Secondary, male
..
..
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
14.6
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
0.0
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
1.2
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
26.2
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
26.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
6.3
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
33.0
..
890
1,000
1,000
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.1
2.3
2.9
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
31.8
32.8
33.6
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
80.0
79.7
78.9
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
36.5
37.9
39.0
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
639
675
779
779
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
34.7
35.1
35.4
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
33.7
33.1
31.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
64.0
61.6
58.2
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
4,889
5,190
Agricultural population (thousands)
6,121 471,737
833
927
1,042
1,121
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
4.0
..
6.8
19.4
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,119
97,543
1,321 102,915
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
89
South Africa SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
3,390
3,050
6,090
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
112.0
132.9
363.5
1,117.5
-0.3
4.2
2.9
5.0
3,152
3,020
3,753
653
-2.3
1.6
1.5
2.4
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
35.2
44.0
50.0
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.5
50.8
50.5
50.0
2.0
2.5
1.4
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
57.7
62.7
64.6
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
58.0
62.6
65.8
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
72.8
59.6
53.3
84.7
5.5
5.9
7.1
5.9
67.3
53.8
46.2
78.1
Total (years)
61.5
54.8
52.1
54.2
Male (years)
57.9
52.3
51.4
53.1
Female (years)
65.3
57.3
52.8
55.3
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
3.7
2.9
2.5
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
46.6
54.3
40.7
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
59.8
77.9
56.6
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
107.4
108.5
..
Primary, female
106.3
103.3
..
95.8
Secondary, male
61.0
81.0
..
43.5
Secondary, female
70.9
89.5
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
13.4
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
10.6
..
..
5.2
103.5
100.4
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
85.3
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
87.4
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
90
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Upper middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health
57.0
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
..
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
97.1
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
87.1
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
88.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
..
..
250
330
300
505
Labor force, total (millions)
10.4
15.2
18.2
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
35.0
43.1
42.8
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
66.4
63.2
63.2
76.7
Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
35.3
46.5
47.2
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
2,230
2,623
2,667
2,667
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
41.5
45.2
44.7
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
24.8
26.0
23.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
55.4
35.2
31.4
29.2
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
24.9
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
28.7
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
42.1
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
46.7
..
..
7,105
6,201
511
455
1,103
1,027
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
3.0
30.0
44.5
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands) Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
4,902 471,737 349
97,543
838 102,915
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
91
Sudan SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
510
320
1,300
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
12.4
12.4
67.0
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-5.5
8.4
4.5
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
267
362
524
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-7.7
5.8
1.9
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
20.5
27.6
33.6
844.0
Female (% of total)
49.8
49.7
49.6
50.0
2.4
2.4
1.9
2.5
53.3
54.7
56.5
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
52.8
54.2
56.2
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
88.6
83.7
77.5
84.7
5.8
6.0
6.3
5.9
82.8
77.7
71.1
78.1 54.2
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
52.5
57.0
61.1
Male (years)
51.1
55.5
59.4
53.1
Female (years)
54.1
58.5
62.9
55.3
Fertility rate
6.0
5.3
4.4
4.9
78.4
72.1
66.4
77.1
124.9
113.5
103.3
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
51.6
..
Primary, female
..
44.0
..
95.8
Secondary, male
..
..
..
43.5
..
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
2.9
6.3
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
2.0
5.8
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
38.6
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
34.7
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Secondary, female
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
92
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
8.7
..
7.6
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
0.1
..
0.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
5.6
..
5.7
..
..
..
5.7
..
70.4
60.0
56.0
..
..
..
..
.. ..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49) Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%) Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%) HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%) Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
..
..
2.0
69.4
..
49.2
..
1,000
870
730
505
Labor force and wages
6.1
8.3
10.8
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
26.0
27.9
28.7
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
79.0
75.9
76.8
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
27.7
30.2
32.2
64.3
2,164
2,422
3,022
3,022
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
29.0
36.8
37.6
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
24.7
26.7
26.9
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
59.0
44.6
43.3
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
18,214
20,825
Agricultural population (thousands)
22,443 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,476
2,230
2,811
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
3,675
3,993
4,313 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
18.5
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
..
25.6
19.4
Women’s empowerment
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2012/13
93
Swaziland SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
1,240
1,600
2,930
1,202
1.1
1.5
3.7
1,117.5
GDP ($ billions)
21.0
1.8
2.0
5.0
1,320
1,508
1,811
653
17.0
1.6
0.8
2.4
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
1.0
1.1
844.0
51.6
50.8
50.0
3.4
0.1
1.1
2.5
51.7
53.8
58.7
54.5
46.3
50.9
57.7
54.2
103.4
90.8
71.7
84.7
5.5
5.6
5.8
5.9
97.9
85.1
65.9
78.1 54.2
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
0.9 52.8
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
59.3
48.7
48.3
Male (years)
57.8
48.1
48.8
53.1
Female (years)
61.0
49.2
47.9
55.3
Fertility rate
5.7
4.2
3.4
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
69.6
76.7
55.1
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
96.1
114.0
77.7
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
94.2
97.1
120.7
Primary, female
93.7
92.5
110.9
95.8
..
41.7
58.1
43.5
Secondary, male
..
42.1
58.1
35.6
Tertiary, male
5.0
4.7
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
3.2
4.2
..
5.2
..
96.1
94.0
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
59.4
58.9
75.7
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
66.0
62.5
78.2
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
80.9
87.8
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
78.3
86.2
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
87.0
91.9
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
89.8
94.9
..
Secondary, female
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
94
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
27.7
49.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
1.8
22.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
26.0
63.0
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
24.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
86.6
96.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
76.6
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
88.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
70.0
82.0
..
300
360
320
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
0.3
0.3
0.4
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
41.7
40.3
39.7
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
74.8
72.8
71.8
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
43.0
43.9
44.9
64.3
80
103
132
132
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
45.0
42.7
41.7
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
39.5
37.9
37.3
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
55.4
52.6
51.6
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
368
377
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
89
87
75
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
50
61
63 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
47.9
..
4.0
3.0
13.6
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
342 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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2012/13
95
Tanzania SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
200
310
530
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
4.3
10.2
22.9
1,117.5
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
7.0
4.9
7.0
5.0
305
308
459
653
3.7
2.3
3.9
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
25.5
34.0
44.8
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.5
50.3
50.1
50.0
3.2
2.5
3.0
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
51.6
52.6
52.2
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.9
52.1
52.1
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
95.2
91.0
91.8
84.7
5.3
5.5
6.0
5.9
89.9
85.5
85.7
78.1
Total (years)
50.6
50.4
57.4
54.2
Male (years)
49.0
49.6
56.5
53.1
Female (years)
52.3
51.2
58.3
55.3
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.2
5.7
5.5
4.9
95.2
80.5
60.2
77.1
154.8
130.2
92.4
122.4
Primary, male
70.1
68.7
101.5
103.2
Primary, female
69.2
67.8
103.1
95.8
Secondary, male
5.8
..
..
43.5
Secondary, female
Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
4.2
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
2.3
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
1.9
5.2
97.1
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
87.7
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
92.1
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
79.0
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
66.9
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
78.5
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
76.4
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
34.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
2.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
26.1
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
25.3
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
87.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
42.7
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
70.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
48.9
..
870
730
460
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages Labor force, total (millions)
12.2
16.7
22.1
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
49.8
49.7
49.8
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
92.0
91.4
91.2
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
88.9
89.1
90.0
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
4,082
5,670
7,185
7,185
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
49.9
49.9
50.1
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
82.4
82.1
81.2
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
83.0
82.0
80.7
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
21,035
26,640
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
5,694
7,362
9,271
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
4,860
6,195
7,608 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
24.4
..
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
16.0
30.7
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
32,856 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
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2012/13
97
Togo SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
410
300
550
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
1.6
1.3
3.2
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-0.2
-0.8
3.7
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
284
270
265
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-2.7
-3.7
1.5
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population
3.7
4.8
6.0
844.0
50.6
50.5
50.5
50.0
2.5
3.0
2.1
2.5
51.1
53.8
57.0
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.7
53.5
56.8
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
96.5
86.4
75.6
84.7
6.0
5.9
6.0
5.9
90.5
80.6
69.6
78.1 54.2
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
53.0
54.8
56.6
Male (years)
51.4
53.3
55.1
53.1
Female (years)
54.7
56.4
58.1
55.3
Fertility rate Total (births per woman) Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
6.3
5.1
4.1
4.9
87.4
76.0
66.0
77.1
147.1
123.7
103.4
122.4
103.2
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
109.0
132.7
147.1
Primary, female
70.3
103.1
132.2
95.8
Secondary, male
31.0
46.7
..
43.5
Secondary, female
Primary, male
10.6
20.8
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
4.0
..
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.6
..
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
58.1
69.0
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
47.9
87.0
83.6
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
22.1
51.0
63.7
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
68.7
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
38.5
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
83.7
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
63.6
..
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
25.7
15.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
1.6
3.8
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
9.3
13.2
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
40.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
72.9
86.7
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
55.2
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
26.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
48.6
60.1
..
620
440
300
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
1.5
2.2
2.9
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
45.1
49.0
50.5
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
85.2
82.9
82.3
76.7
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
68.3
77.8
82.2
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
460
652
829
829
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
46.1
49.8
51.7
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
59.3
65.5
68.2
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
70.1
66.3
64.2
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
2,404
2,860
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
346
436
531
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
563
670
757 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
31.8
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
15.1
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
5.0
..
11.1
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
3,220 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
The Little Data Book on Gender in Africa
2012/13
99
Tunisia 1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
1,430
2,300
4,140
3,533
12.3
21.5
44.2
586.8
GDP ($ billions)
7.9
4.3
3.0
4.2
1,661
2,245
3,144
2,313
5.4
3.1
1.9
2.7
GDP growth (%) GDP per capita (2000 $) GDP per capita growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population
8.2
9.6
10.5
166.3
49.6
49.8
50.0
50.0
2.4
1.1
1.0
1.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
58.0
64.0
69.7
65.7
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
56.6
63.2
69.5
65.4
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
74.5
57.2
43.7
52.8
8.0
10.0
10.0
7.8
66.5
47.2
33.7
44.8
Total (years)
70.3
72.6
74.6
72.8
Male (years)
68.6
70.6
72.6
70.9
Female (years)
72.1
74.7
76.7
74.8
Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
3.6
2.1
2.0
2.5
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
39.0
23.8
13.8
23.0
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
49.3
28.4
16.1
27.0
Primary, male
119.4
118.9
..
..
Primary, female
105.4
111.1
..
..
Secondary, male
49.7
74.8
..
..
Secondary, female
38.2
77.4
..
..
Tertiary, male
9.7
..
..
..
Tertiary, female
6.1
..
..
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
84.6
97.6
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
85.2
89.6
..
..
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
75.0
86.7
..
..
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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Upper middle income
1990
North Country data Africa 2000 2010–11 2010–11
Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
65.5
60.2
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
0.5
1.3
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
56.7
51.5
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
..
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
91.5
96.0
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
67.5
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
89.9
94.6
..
130
84
56
78
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
2.4
3.2
3.8
56.2
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
21.6
24.9
26.9
23.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
79.1
75.7
74.0
77.3
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
22.1
25.6
27.5
23.9
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
681
712
658
658
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
31.4
33.8
32.5
27.4
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
26.3
24.9
21.8
17.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
Labor force, total (millions)
56.1
47.7
43.8
48.2
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
15.3
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
16.9
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
2,195
2,253
2,154
41,333
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
223
262
266
6,229
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
429
495
539
7,734
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
..
..
4.0
12.0
27.6
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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Uganda SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
320
260
500
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
4.3
6.2
17.2
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
6.5
3.1
5.9
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
186
256
380
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
2.8
0.0
2.6
2.4
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
17.7
24.2
33.4
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.3
50.3
50.0
50.0
3.5
3.1
3.2
2.5
49.5
48.6
49.2
54.5
Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
49.1
48.5
48.9
54.2
102.8
106.0
103.8
84.7
5.4
5.6
5.1
5.9
97.4
100.4
98.7
78.1 54.2
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
47.4
46.1
53.6
Male (years)
45.4
45.3
53.0
53.1
Female (years)
49.4
47.0
54.3
55.3
Fertility rate
7.1
6.9
6.1
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
105.8
87.7
63.0
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
174.9
144.3
98.9
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
76.8
136.6
120.3
Primary, female
61.7
126.0
122.0
95.8
Secondary, male
14.2
18.5
30.4
43.5
Secondary, female
8.2
14.1
25.8
35.6
Tertiary, male
1.6
3.4
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
0.6
1.7
..
5.2
77.9
91.1
98.5
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
..
57.9
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
..
56.5
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
82.6
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
64.6
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
89.6
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
85.5
..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
23.7
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.7
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
17.9
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
40.6
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
93.5
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
47.2
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
53.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
41.9
..
600
530
310
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
7.6
10.1
13.4
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
50.8
50.0
49.3
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
82.4
83.1
79.9
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
83.7
82.3
77.0
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
2,209
3,140
4,021
4,021
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
51.6
51.5
50.0
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
67.0
67.3
59.6
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
62.6
63.5
60.2
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
14,793
19,138
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
3,309
4,221
5,467
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
3,356
4,199
5,549 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
29.9
..
12.0
18.0
31.5
19.4
Agricultural population (thousands)
24,554 471,737 97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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Zambia SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy
440
310
1,070
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
3.3
3.2
16.2
1,117.5
GDP growth (%)
-0.5
3.6
7.6
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
385
317
432
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
-3.2
1.0
5.9
2.4
GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions) Female (% of total) Population growth (%) Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
7.9
10.2
12.9
844.0
50.3
50.1
49.9
50.0
2.7
2.5
1.6
2.5
51.6
51.8
50.4
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
51.2
51.7
50.8
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
94.6
93.2
97.7
84.7
5.5
5.7
6.0
5.9
89.1
87.5
91.7
78.1
Total (years)
47.5
41.9
48.5
54.2
Male (years)
46.1
41.7
48.0
53.1
Female (years)
48.9
42.2
48.9
55.3
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy
Fertility rate
6.5
6.1
6.3
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
109.2
93.5
68.9
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
182.8
157.3
111.0
122.4
103.2
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group) Primary, male
..
86.7
114.5
Primary, female
..
80.9
116.0
95.8
Secondary, male
..
..
..
43.5
Secondary, female
..
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
3.3
..
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
1.5
..
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
..
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
..
68.0
98.3
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
..
57.2
108.3
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
73.0
..
80.6
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
57.4
..
61.3
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
67.3
..
81.8
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
65.5
..
67.3
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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Lower middle income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
40.8
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
4.7
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
26.5
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
26.5
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
93.7
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
60.3
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
69.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
46.5
..
470
540
440
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
3.4
4.5
5.5
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
46.8
47.2
46.1
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
86.4
85.7
86.1
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
73.9
75.2
73.5
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,067
1,446
1,765
1,765
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
48.1
48.1
47.8
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
65.8
65.9
64.8
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
71.0
70.9
70.5
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
11.7
14.1
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
13.7
11.3
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
20.7
23.1
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
21.0
19.5
..
..
Agricultural population (thousands)
5,835
7,053
8,278 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,053
1,265
1,489
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,162
1,420
1,726 102,915
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
24.3
..
7.0
10.0
14.0
19.4
97,543
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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Zimbabwe SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Economy GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)
860
490
480
1,202
GDP ($ billions)
8.8
6.7
7.5
1,117.5
7.0
-3.1
9.0
5.0
GDP per capita (2000 $)
537
535
321
653
GDP per capita growth (%)
3.9
-3.9
8.2
2.4
GDP growth (%)
Basic demographic indicators Population Total (millions)
10.5
12.5
12.6
844.0
Female (% of total)
50.2
50.3
50.7
50.0
2.9
0.8
0.8
2.5
Population ages 15–64, female (% of total)
51.0
54.9
57.1
54.5
Population ages 15–64, male (% of total)
50.8
54.8
56.7
54.2
Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
96.5
82.3
75.7
84.7
5.9
6.3
7.4
5.9
90.6
76.0
68.3
78.1 54.2
Population growth (%)
Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) Life expectancy Total (years)
60.5
44.6
49.9
Male (years)
58.8
44.8
50.7
53.1
Female (years)
62.4
44.4
49.0
55.3
Fertility rate
5.2
3.9
3.3
4.9
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
52.1
68.8
50.9
77.1
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)
77.6
115.0
79.8
122.4
Primary, male
101.4
..
..
103.2
Primary, female
100.4
..
..
95.8
Secondary, male
49.9
..
..
43.5
Secondary, female
Total (births per woman)
Education Gross enrolment rate (% of relevant age group)
44.0
..
..
35.6
Tertiary, male
..
..
6.9
8.3
Tertiary, female
..
..
5.5
5.2
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school
96.4
..
..
..
Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)
96.5
..
..
73.6
Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)
90.6
..
..
66.7
Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)
..
..
94.7
..
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
..
..
89.4
..
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15–24)
..
..
98.4
..
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15–24)
..
..
99.5
..
Note: Data in the table are for 2010 or 2011, except where otherwise noted. Data in italics are the most recent values for the period 2001-2009.
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Low income SubSaharan Country data Africa 1990 2000 2010–11 2010–11 Health Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)
..
..
64.9
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, condom (%)
..
..
1.4
..
Contraceptive use among married women 15–49 years old, modern method (%)
..
..
57.9
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15–49)
..
..
12.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by a skilled health provider, at least one visit (%)
..
..
89.8
..
Antenatal care coverage provided by any provider (skilled or unskilled), at least four visits (%)
..
..
56.8
..
HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)
..
..
56.0
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
60.2
..
450
640
570
505
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Labor force and wages
4.1
5.5
6.6
337.5
Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
46.3
46.4
49.3
45.7
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–64)
79.8
81.8
90.4
76.7
Labor force, total (millions)
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–64)
67.9
69.2
84.3
64.3
Labor force (15–24 years) (thousands)
1,148
1,735
2,480
2,480
Labor force (15–24 years), female (% of total labor force 15–24 years)
48.3
45.8
48.9
47.9
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15–24)
53.0
54.6
77.1
50.4
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15–24)
56.4
64.5
82.2
55.4
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15–24)
..
..
..
..
7,191
7,868
Agricultural population (thousands)
7,079 471,737
Economically active population in agriculture, female (thousands)
1,572
1,779
1,635
Economically active population in agriculture, male (thousands)
1,298
1,490
1,483 102,915
97,543
Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)
..
..
..
..
Female headed households (% of households with a female head)
..
..
37.7
..
11.0
14.0
15.0
19.4
Women’s empowerment
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
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Glossary Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and older who can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents—people younger than age 15 or older than age 64—to the working-age population—people ages 15–64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, and household surveys conducted by national agencies and Macro International) Age dependency ratio, old, is the ratio of older dependents—people older than 64—to the working-age population—those ages 15–64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and Macro International) Age dependency ratio, young, is the ratio of younger dependents—people younger than 15—to the working-age population—those ages 15–64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and Macro International) Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit) is the percentage of women aged 15–49 with a live birth in a given time period that received antenatal care provided by skilled health personnel (doctors, nurses, or midwives) at least once during pregnancy, as a percentage of women age 15–49 years with a live birth in a given time period. A skilled health worker/attendant is an accredited health professional—such as a midwife, doctor or nurse— who has been educated and trained to proficiency in the skills needed to manage normal (uncomplicated) pregnancies, childbirth and the immediate postnatal period, and in the identification, management and referral of complications in women and newborns. Both trained and untrained traditional birth attendants (TBA) are excluded. (http://www.who.int/ reproductive-health/global_monitoring/index.html) Antenatal care coverage (at least four visits) is the percentage of women aged 15–49 with a live birth in a given time period that received antenatal care four or more times with ANY provider (whether skilled or unskilled), as a percentage of women age 15–49 years with a live birth in a given time period. (http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/global_monitoring/index.html)
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Glossary Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns. (UNICEF, State of the Worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International) Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually only measured for married women ages 15â&#x20AC;&#x201C;49. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Contraceptive prevalence, condom use is the percentage of women married or in-union aged 15 to 49, whose sexual partner is currently using a male condom for contraceptive purposes. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Contraceptive prevalence, modern methods is the percentage of women married or in-union aged 15 to 49 who are currently using, or whose sexual partner is using, at least one modern method of contraception, regardless of the method used. Modern methods of contraception include female and male sterilization, oral hormonal pills, the intra-uterine device (IUD), the male condom, injectables, the implant (including Norplant), vaginal barrier methods, the female condom, and emergency contraception. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Economically active population in agriculture is that part of the economically active population engaged in or seeking work in agriculture, hunting, fishing, or forestry. (Food and Agriculture Organization, Production Yearbook and data files) Female headed households shows the percentage of households with a female head. (Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International) Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people of the specified age group who meet the International Labour Organizationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s definition of the economically active population. (Source International Labour Organization, using World Bank population estimates) Firms with female participation in ownership are the percentage of firms with a woman among the principal owners. [World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/)]
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Firms with female top manager is the percentage of firms with females as the top manager. [World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprise surveys.org/)] Gross domestic product (GDP) is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. GDP data are shown at market prices (also known as purchaser prices) and converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. The sum of the components of GDP by industrial origin (presented here as value added) will not normally equal total GDP for several reasons. First, components of GDP by expenditure are individually rescaled and summed to provide a partially rebased series for total GDP. Second, total GDP is shown at purchaser value, while value added components are conventionally reported at producer prices. As explained above, purchaser values exclude net indirect taxes, while producer prices include indirect taxes. Third, certain items, such as imputed bank charges, are added in total GDP. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross domestic product (GDP) growth is the average annual growth rate calculated from real GDP at constant 2000 prices. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is calculated by dividing real GDP at constant 2000 prices by the corresponding midyear population. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth is the average annual growth rate of real GDP per capita, calculated using the least squares method with 2000 exchange rates. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross national income (GNI), World Bank Atlas method, (formerly Gross National Productâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are calculated in national currency and usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally
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Glossary large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special World Bank Atlas method of conversion is used: it applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for the difference between the rate of inflation in the country and that in France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (through 2000) or the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (since 2001). (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development national accounts data files) Gross primary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the primary level of education. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Gross secondary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the secondary level of education. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development by offering more subject or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Gross tertiary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the tertiary level of education. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births. [Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2011. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD)] Labor force participation rate is the percentage of the population of the specified age group that is economically activeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;that is, all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. (International Labour Organizationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Key Indicators of the Labour Market database)
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Life expectancy at birth is the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to remain the same throughout its life. [Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database] Maternal mortality ratio, modeled estimate is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence. (Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2010; estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank) Percentage of HIV-positive pregnant women who received antiretrovirals to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission. Numerator: Number of HIV-positive pregnant women who received antiretrovirals during the last 12 months to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Denominator: Estimated number of HIV-positive pregnant women in the last 12 months. The purpose of this indicator is to assess progress in preventing vertical transmission of HIV. All data reflect values representing 12 month period ending December 2007 that have been reconciled between reporting country and UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF, unless otherwise noted. All analysis of this indicator, including quoted country figures, reflect numerators that have gone through a tri-agency (UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF) reconciliation process and denominators that have been estimated directly from the UNAIDS/WHO Reference group on Estimates, Modelling, and Projections methodology (Spectrum). The reconciliation process ensured all agencies reported the same country endorsed figure that was the most recent and met the definition of HIV-positive women receiving antiretroviral drugs over the last 12 months, and thus reflect a full year. Every effort was made in cases of discrepancy across the three agencies to obtain approval from the country on a final indicator value. (http://data.unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2008/) Population is total population based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship, except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates. [(1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database]
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Glossary Population ages 15–64, female (% of total) is the number of females who could potentially be economically active. Population is based on the de facto definition of population. (The United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects) Population ages 15–64, male (% of total) is the number of males who could potentially be economically active. Population is based on the de facto definition of population. (The United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects) Population growth is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t–1 to year t. [Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database] Primary school completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated as the total number of students in the last grade of primary school minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school is the ratio of the female gross enrollment rate to the male gross enrollment rate in primary and secondary schools. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates. [(1) United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects; (2) United Nations Statistical Division, Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years); (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices; (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme; and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database]
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Total labor force comprises people in the specified age group who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time jobseekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. (International Labour Organization, using World Bank population estimates) Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age 5, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates, expressed as a rate per 1,000. (Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International, Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys by UNICEF, Reproductive Health Surveys by U.S. Centers for Disease Control, and Family Health Surveys by Pan Arab Project for Family Health) Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country. (International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database) Unmet need for contraception is the percentage of fertile, married women of reproductive age who do not want to become pregnant and are not using contraception. (Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF) Women in national parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women. [Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) (www.ipu.org)] Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15â&#x20AC;&#x201C;24 who can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life. (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15â&#x20AC;&#x201C;24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country. (International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database)
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