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2019
w w . w o r l d b a n k . o r g / p u b
Publications and eProducts JULY–DECEMBER 2019 CATALOG
l i c a t i o n s
TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Annual Flagship Titles.......................................................................1
East Asia and Pacific........................................................................22
Featured Titles..................................................................................12
South Asia..........................................................................................23
Agriculture.........................................................................................13
Africa..................................................................................................23
Social Protections and Labor..........................................................14 Infrastructure....................................................................................15 Environment......................................................................................16 Water Resources..............................................................................16 Urban Development.........................................................................17 Finance...............................................................................................18
Middle East and North Africa..........................................................24 South Asia..........................................................................................24 International Development in Focus..............................................25 International Development in Practice..........................................25 Online Resources..............................................................................26
Education...........................................................................................18
World Bank eLibrary Sales Agents................................................27
Africa..................................................................................................19
Index...................................................................................................28
Latin America and the Caribbean..................................................21
World Bank Publications Distributors...........................................29
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WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2020 Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains By the World Bank
Global value chains (GVCs) powered the rapid expansion of international trade after 1990. Countries import not only for domestic consumption, but also to export, and transactions typically involve long-term, firm-to-firm relationships rather than anonymous spot market transactions. Trade and the rise of GVCs enabled an unprecedented convergence: poor countries grew faster and began to catch up with richer countries. More than 1 billion people escaped poverty as a result. Since the Great Recession, the growth of trade has been sluggish, and the expansion of GVCs has slowed down. At the same time, potentially serious threats have emerged to the model of labor-intensive, trade-led growth. New labor-saving technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce demand for labor. And trade conflict among large countries could lead to a retrenchment of supply chains or a segmentation of GVCs. The World Development Report (WDR) 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs. It concludes that technological change is at this stage more a boon than a curse. GVCs can continue to boost growth, create better jobs, and reduce poverty, provided that developing countries implement deeper reforms and industrial countries pursue open, predictable policies.
WORLD DEVELOPMENT REPORT
October 2019. 224 pages. Stock no. C211457 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1457-0). US$39.95
Table of Contents nn Overview nn Chapter 1. The New Face of Trade nn Chapter 2. Drivers of Participation nn Chapter 3. Consequences for Development nn Chapter 4. Macroeconomic Implications nn Chapter 5. Impact on the Environment nn Chapter 6. Technological Change nn Chapter 7. National Policies for Participation nn Chapter 8. Promoting Inclusion and Sustainability nn Chapter 9. International Cooperation
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DOING BUSINESS 2020 By the World Bank
Seventeenth in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity: nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn
Starting a business Dealing with construction permits Getting electricity Registering property Getting credit Protecting minority investors Paying taxes Trading across borders Enforcing contracts Resolving insolvency
These areas are included in each economy's ease of doing business score and ease of doing business ranking. In addition, Doing Business measures features of labor market regulation, which is not included in these two October 2019. 236 pages. Stock no. C211440 (ISBN: measures. This edition also presents the methodology for the pilot indicator 978-1-4648-1440-2). US$39.95 “Contracting with the Government,” which aims at benchmarking the efficiency, quality, and transparency of public procurement systems worldwide. The report updates all indicators as of May 1, 2019, ranks economies on their overall ease of doing business, and analyzes reforms to business regulation, identifying which economies are strengthening their business environments most. Doing Business illustrates how reforms in business regulations are being used to analyze economic outcomes for domestic entrepreneurs and the wider economy. It is a flagship product produced in partnership by the World Bank Group that garners worldwide attention on regulatory barriers to entrepreneurship. Almost 140 economies have used its indicators to shape reform agendas and monitor improvements on the ground.
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GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS, JUNE 2019 Heightened Tensions, Subdued Investment By the World Bank Group
Global growth has continued to soften this year. Modest recovery in emerging markets and developing economies continues to be constrained by subdued investment, which is dampening prospects and impeding progress toward achieving critical development goals. Downside risks to the outlook remain elevated, and policymakers continue to face major challenges to boost resilience and foster long-term growth. In addition to discussing global and regional economic developments and prospects, this edition of Global Economic Prospects includes analytical essays on the benefits and risks of government borrowing, recent investment weakness in emerging markets and developing economies, the pass-through of currency depreciations to inflation, and the evolution of growth in lowincome countries. Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group flagship report that examines global economic developments and prospects. It presents special foci on emerging markets and developing economies semiannually (in January and June). The January edition includes in-depth analyses of topical policy challenges that these economies face, while the June edition contains shorter analytical pieces.
GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS
June 2019. 270 pages. Stock no. C211398 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1398-6). US$35.00
GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS, JANUARY 2020 January 2020 edition coming soon! January 2020 edition. 270 pages. Stock no. C211468 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1468-6). US$35.00
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LIFELINES The Resilient Infrastructure Opportunity By Stephane Hallegatte, Jun Rentschler, and Julie Rozenberg
From serving our most basic needs to enabling our most ambitious ventures in trade and technology, infrastructure services are essential for raising and maintaining people’s quality of life. Yet millions of people, especially in low- and middle-income countries, are facing the consequences of unreliable electricity grids, inadequate water and sanitation systems, and overstrained transport networks. Natural hazards magnify the challenges faced by these fragile systems. Building on a wide range of case studies, global empirical analyses, and modeling exercises, Lifelines lays out a framework for understanding infrastructure resilience—the ability of infrastructure systems to function and meet users’ needs during and after a natural shock—and it makes an economic case for building more resilient infrastructure. Lifelines concludes by identifying five obstacles to resilient infrastructure and offering concrete recommendations and specific actions that can be taken by governments, stakeholders, and the international community to improve the quality and resilience of these essential services and thereby contribute to more resilient and prosperous societies. SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
July 2019. 220 pages. Stock no. C211430 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1430-3). US$39.95
Table of Contents nn Overview nn Chapter 1. Resilient Infrastructure: A Lifeline for Sustainable Development Part I. A Diagnosis: A Lack of Resilient Infrastructure Is Harming People and Firms nn Chapter 2. Infrastructure Disruptions Are a Barrier to Thriving Firms nn Chapter 3. Infrastructure Disruptions Affect the Health and Well-Being of Households nn Chapter 4. Natural Shocks Are a Leading Cause of Infrastructure Disruptions and Damages nn Chapter 5. From Micro to Macro: Local Disruptions Translate into Macroeconomic Impacts Part II. A Matter of Design: Resilient Infrastructure Is Cost-Effective nn Chapter 6. More Resilient Infrastructure Assets Are Cost-Effective nn Chapter 7. From Resilient Assets to Resilient Infrastructure Services nn Chapter 8. From Resilient Infrastructure Services to Resilient Users Part III. A Way Forward: Five Recommendations for More Resilient Infrastructure nn Chapter 9. The Foundation for Resilient Infrastructure nn Chapter 10. Build Institutions for Resilience nn Chapter 11. Create Regulations and Incentives for Resilience nn Chapter 12. Improve Decision Making nn Chapter 13. Provide Financing
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RETHINKING POWER SECTOR REFORM By Vivien Foster and Anshul Rana
Under the influence of the Washington Consensus, a new paradigm for power sector reform emerged during the 1990s and began to spread across the developing world. This approach advocated restructuring national power utilities to create scope for competition, while delegating responsibilities to the private sector under a clear regulatory framework. After 25 years, few developing countries have managed to adopt the model in its entirety, while many others have encountered political and economic challenges along the way. This book provides a comprehensive evaluation of power sector reform among developing countries, sifting through evidence about whether reforms have contributed to improvements in sector outcomes. It also examines to what extent the reform paradigm remains relevant to the new social and environmental policy agenda of the twenty-first century and whether it is capable of adapting to emerging technological disruption.
SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
November 2019. 350 pages. Stock no. C211442 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1442-6). US$49.95
BEYOND THE GAP
How Countries Can Afford the Infrastructure They Need while Protecting the Planet February 2019. 196 pages. Stock no. C211363 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1363-4). US$39.95
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GLOBAL FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2019/2020 Bank Regulation and Supervision a Decade after the Global Financial Crisis By the World Bank
GLOBAL FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT
November 2019. 120 pages. Stock no. C211447 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1447-1). US$39.95
Over a decade has passed since the collapse of the U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers marked the onset of the largest global economic crisis since the Great Depression. The crisis revealed major shortcomings in market discipline, regulation, and supervision, reopening important policy debates on financial regulation. Since the onset of the crisis, emphasis has been placed on better regulation of banking systems and enhancing the tools available to supervisory agencies that oversee banks and quickly intervene in case of distress. Drawing on 10 years of data and analysis, the Global Financial Development Report 2019/2020 uncovers new evidence on regulatory remedies adopted to prevent future financial troubles. It especially considers the impact of reforms on market discipline and bank capital. Countries should design and enforce regulations that are appropriate for their institutional environments, strength of market discipline, and supervisory capacities and the business models of their banks. Regulations also need to be compatible with incentives, but designing and enforcing such regulations are burdensome tasks. This is particularly the case where sophisticated markets do not exist and institutions are underdeveloped. Globalization and technological change are important trends that make it even more challenging to provide effective oversight of banks.
The Global Financial Development Report 2019/2020 is the fifth in a World Bank series. The report also tracks financial systems in more than 200 economies before and during the global financial crisis on an accompanying website (http://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/gfdr) and provides information on how banking systems are regulated and supervised around the world (http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/brief/BRSS).
INTERNATIONAL DEBT STATISTICS 2019 October 2019. 196 pages. Stock no. C211461 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1461-7). US$49.95
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ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION AND THE FUTURE OF WORK IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN By Guillermo Beylis, Roberto Fattal-Jaef, Rishabh Sinha, Michael Morris, and Ashwini Rekha Sebastian
Following the so-called Golden Decade (2003–2013) of rapid development and strong improvements in social indicators, economic growth has stalled in Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC). Today, the external environment no longer provides tailwinds to foster an economic rebound. Foreign direct investment has abated, trade has slowed amid elevated tensions, financing conditions are tightening, and commodity prices are expected to remain flat in the short and medium term. The region therefore needs to find internal sources of growth and focus on a productivityenhancing reform agenda. This report analyzes the structural transformation process in the LAC region. It evaluates whether the "premature deindustrialization" patterns observed in the data are due to distortive policies or represent efficient (i.e, growthmaximizing) resource reallocation that responds to underlying drivers of structural transformation. An important message of the report is that policy makers should focus not on sectoral size but rather on productivity growth. The emergence of new technologies—under the banner of the “Fourth Industrial Revolution”—suggests that opportunities for further industrialization or re-industrialization are likely to be limited in many developing countries.
LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN STUDIES
September 2019. 104 pages. Stock no. C211448 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1448-8). US$39.95
Looking forward, the region needs to develop a productivity agenda with a special focus on the services sector—already the largest employer in the region, with over 60 percent of the workforce. It is expected to grow even further and play an increasingly crucial role as an input provider to the larger economy. In short, there is a need for a comprehensive set of service-sector-oriented policies. The report concludes that three major economic forces are changing the nature of work and the demand for skills in the region. First, the structural transformation process, in general, and the deindustrialization pattern observed for the economies in the region, in particular, imply that future job growth will occur mainly in the services sector. Second, the shift in economic structure is being accompanied by a transformation of the occupational structure within broad economic sectors. The importance of service occupations—those that produce intangible value added such as marketers, managers, designers—is increasing in all sectors of the economy. Third, as machines replace humans in carrying out simpler, more routine tasks, workers will have to adapt and perform a different set of tasks in the workplace. Adult learning and retraining may become increasingly important as new automation technologies are adopted in LAC countries.
RAISING THE BAR FOR PRODUCTIVE CITIES IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN June 2018. 218 pages.. Stock no. C211258 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1258-3). US$45.00
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CONVERGENCE Five Critical Steps toward Integrating Lagging and Leading Areas in the Middle East and North Africa By Somik V. Lall and Ayah Mahgoub
Policymakers across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have long tried to integrate their people spatially and economically. In attempting to bring communities together and narrow economic gaps, governments have made large capital investments in transport corridors and “new cities.” Governments have also designated new industrial zones supported by spatially targeted business incentives, in the hope of providing jobs in places with relatively little economic activity.
December 2019. 200 pages. Stock no. C211450 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1450-1). US$45.00
Yet the results of these place-based initiatives in MENA are limited. Stark disparities remain between capital cities and lagging areas and between richer and poorer quarters within cities. Across much of the region, a fortunate few are connected to opportunity, while many more people are marginal or excluded from the formal economy; they are seemingly forgotten. Why have place-based spatial initiatives in MENA countries largely underdelivered, not yielding more sustainable jobs and growth? While the challenges are many and vary across the region, this report explains that many place-based policies mistakenly attempt to treat the spatial and physical symptoms of inequity, though they should instead address its causes.
This report presents the five roots of spatial inequity in institutional inefficiencies across MENA cities and countries and across national borders: urban regulatory frictions, credentialist education systems, centralized control over local public services, barriers to the spatial mobility of goods and people, and barriers to market entry and lopsided business environments. It proposes five transitional steps toward enabling convergence informed by economic geography.
THE MOBILITY OF DISPLACED SYRIANS An Economic and Social Analysis
September 2019. 320 pages.. Stock no. C211401 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1401-3). US$49.95
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EXPECTATIONS AND ASPIRATIONS A New Framework for Education in the Middle East and North Africa By the World Bank
Over centuries, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has been the birthplace of some of the world's greatest civilizations. Despite recent setbacks, the region can once again become an engine of intellectual, economic, and social progress for individuals as well as societies. For this to succeed, education must regain its role as the main driver of knowledge, skills, and innovation. This report highlights two missing factors that have held back the region's educational potential. The first is the lack of a “push” at the outset of educational systems to build solid foundations for children's learning. Continued underinvestment in early schooling has resulted in weak and delayed acquisition of literacy, numeracy, and socioemotional skills, from which it is difficult to catch up. The second is the lack of a “pull” on education systems from the labor market and society to demand the skills that will enable children to succeed later in life. This missing pull factor creates a cycle in which labor markets, society, and education systems focus on credentials rather than on skills. Overcoming these obstacles of the missing push and pull is well within the July 2019. 200 pages. Stock no. C211234 control of countries' policy makers, stakeholders, and individuals. The report (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1234-7). US$45.00 lays out a road map for modernizing education in MENA and attempting to meet the hopes and aspirations of the region's people and governments. To address these push and pull factors, countries will need to strengthen their focus on learning rather than on memorizing and develop students' foundational skills for continued learning. MENA countries urgently need to shift their focuses toward skills over credentials in order to respond to labor market requirements. Making these changes will help to unleash the potential for education to generate peace and shared prosperity in the twenty-first century.
Table of Contents nn Overview nn Introduction Part 1. Understanding the Context for Learning nn Chapter 1. A New Lens on Education in MENA nn Chapter 2. Shifting Behaviors and Norms nn Chapter 3. Securing Learning for Children in Conflict and Crisis Part 2. Nurturing Learning in Schools and Classrooms nn Chapter 4. Building Foundational Skills in the Early Years nn Chapter 5. Ensuring Inclusive and Equitable Learning Spotlight 1. Language of Instruction nn Chapter 6. Modernizing Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment for Learning Spotlight 2. Measuring Learning nn Chapter 7. Empowering Teachers to Lead the Way to Better Student Learning Spotlight 3. Leveraging Education Technology Part 3. Strengthening Accountability for Learning nn Chapter 8. Developing Effective School Leadership nn Chapter 9. Strengthening Accountability for Better Learning Outcomes Spotlight 4. Linking Education to the Labor Market to Promote Skills nn Chapter 10. Aligning Resources with Learning Spotlight 5. Budgeting for Education Spotlight 6. Rethinking Tertiary Education: High-Level Skills and Research Part 4. Unleashing Learning’s Potential nn Chapter 11. Forging a New Pact—with a Push for Learning and a Pull for Skills
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ACCELERATING POVERTY REDUCTION IN AFRICA Edited by Kathleen Beegle and Luc Christiaensen
Sub-Saharan Africa's turnaround over the past couple of decades has been dramatic. After many years in decline, the continent's economy picked up in the mid-1990s. Along with this macroeconomic growth, people became healthier, many more youngsters attended schools, and the rate of extreme poverty declined from 54 percent in 1990 to 41 percent in 2015. Political and social freedoms expanded, and gender equality advanced. Conflict in the region also subsided, although it still claims thousands of civilian lives in some countries and still drives pressing numbers of displaced persons. Despite Africa’s widespread economic and social welfare accomplishments, however, the region’s challenges remain daunting: Economic growth has slowed in recent years. Poverty rates in many countries are the highest in the world. And notably, the number of poor in Africa is rising because of population growth. From a global perspective, the biggest concentration of poverty has shifted from South Asia to Africa. Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa explores critical policy entry points to address the demographic, societal, and political drivers of poverty; improve income-earning opportunities both on and off the farm; and better June 2019. 308 pages. Stock no. C211232 mobilize resources for the poor. It looks beyond macroeconomic stability (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1232-3). US$45.00 and growth—critical yet insufficient components of these objectives—to ask what more could be done and where policy makers should focus their attention to speed up poverty reduction. The pro-poor policy agenda advanced in this volume requires not only economic growth where the poor work and live, but also mitigation of the many risks to which African households are exposed. As such, this report takes a "jobs" lens to its task. It focuses squarely on the productivity and livelihoods of the poor and vulnerable—that is, what it will take to increase their earnings. Finally, it presents a road map for financing the poverty and development agenda.
“Poverty is increasingly becoming a primarily African challenge that needs new thinking in the way Africans, in partnership with global supporters, tackle it effectively. This excellent flagship report rightly points us toward focusing action on three key features specific to African poverty: its predominantly rural nature, its fragility, and its inadequate or unequal capabilities. I fully endorse the need for a fresh push to accelerate the delayed demographic transition and to take advantage of new technology-enabled opportunities to take jobs and livelihoods to where the poor are by helping to diversify rural economies and making the informal economy more dynamic and better connected to formal systems. The report rightly emphasizes adoption of risk mitigation strategies against fragility to ensure steady progress and offers a practical guide to prioritizing action.” — Benno Ndulu, former Governor of the Bank of Tanzania
“The World Bank since its inception has been at the forefront of the gigantic struggle to reduce poverty in the developing world. It has been the leading institution in attempting to measure poverty incidence, analyzing its causes, and suggesting appropriate measures to be undertaken by affected countries and the donor community. While most developing regions were successful in improving the standard of living of their people, Africa until recently continued to suffer from massive deprivations. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the underlying conditions and obstacles that make it so difficult to achieve the same level of progress in Africa that so many Asian countries enjoy. At the same time, the report documents the recent improvements in monetary and nonmonetary poverty indicators in Africa and provides useful policy recommendations for a more inclusive and accelerated growth structure. Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa is a must-read for anyone concerned with African development.” — Erik Thorbecke, H. E. Babcock Professor of Economics Emeritus; Graduate School and International Professor, Cornell University
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INTERNATIONAL DEBT STATISTICS 2019 By the World Bank Group
International Debt Statistics 2019 is a continuation of the World Bank’s publications Global Development Finance, Volume II (1997 through 2009) and the earlier World Debt Tables (1973 through 1996). This year's edition is designed to respond to user demand for timely, comprehensive data on trends in external debt among 121 low- and middle-income countries. As in previous years, this report provides statistical tables for countries that report public and publicly guaranteed external debt to the World Bank’s Debtor Reporting System (DRS). In addition, the publication showcases the broader spectrum of debt data collected and compiled by the World Bank. Presentation and access to data have been refined in this edition of International Debt Statistics 2019 to improve the user experience. The printed edition of the report now provides an inclusive overview and a select set of indicators, while an expanded data set is available online (https://datatopics. worldbank.org/debt/ids). The tables presented in the book cover external debt stocks and flows, major economic aggregates, key debt ratios, and the currency composition of long-term debt. The text also includes such information as country notes, October 2019. 196 pages. Stock no. C211461 definitions, and data sources for each table. Country tables (available online) (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1461-7). US$49.95 feature longer time series and more detailed data for more than 200 time series indicators, as well as pipeline data for scheduled debt service payments on existing commitments to 2025. International Debt Statistics 2019 is unique in its coverage of the important trends and issues fundamental to the financing of low- and middle-income countries. The report is an indispensable resource for governments, economists, investors, financial consultants, academics, bankers, and the entire development community. World Bank open databases are available through the World Bank’s Development Data Hub (https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/).
GLOBAL FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2019/2020
Bank Regulation and Supervision a Decade after the Global Financial Crisis November 2019. 120 pages. Stock no. C211447 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1447-1). US$39.95
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F E AT U R E D T I T L E S
THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CRIME, CONFLICT, AND VIOLENCE By the World Bank
Like nearly every aspect of human experience, civil conflict, crime, and violence have become increasingly global. There are more civil wars today than at any time since the end of World War II, and these conflicts have been displacing more people ever further from their countries of origin. Transnational terrorism has reached a 50-year high in terms both of its incidence and of the number of reported fatalities. Cross-border criminal markets—illicit drugs, human trafficking, wildlife trade, etc.—take a heavy toll on the societies they affect. This Policy Research Report on The Internationalization of Crime, Conflict, and Violence offers a unified framework to take stock of the theoretical and empirical literature on crime, conflict, and violence. It discusses how the international community organizes itself to address security as both a regional and global public good.
Policy Research Report October 2019. 184 pages. Stock no. C211452 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1452-5). US$39.95
GOING FOR BROKE Insolvency Tools to Support Cross-Border Asset Recovery in Corruption By Jean Pierre Brun and Molly Silver
Going for Broke focuses on insolvency as an additional civil remedy in the arsenal of asset recovery practitioners, specifically in the context of grand corruption investigations and proceedings. The recovery of corruption proceeds is often sought through criminal prosecution and confiscation or civil lawsuits. Insolvency proceedings can also be an effective mechanism in the right circumstances, with their own advantages and disadvantages. The scenario that is most likely to benefit from this type of remedy is one where bribes and stolen funds have been routed through special-purpose companies. This guidebook is intended as a practical tool to help policy makers, public officials, and those who have been entrusted with recovering their nations' stolen assets. It informs them about the ways that insolvency can be used to pursue proceeds of corruption. It may also serve as a quick reference for other practitioners: insolvency professionals, auditors, financial institutions, in-house counsel, and other professionals who deal with corruption. STAR INITIATIVE
September 2019. 140 pages. Stock no. C211438 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1438-9). US$39.95
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A G R I C U LT U R E
DOING BUSINESS IN AGRICULTURE 2019 By the World Bank
Doing Business in Agriculture measures how regulation affects the livelihood of domestic farmers. Farming is a challenging business—especially when undertaken on a smaller scale. Most farms are comparatively small, with about 84% of all farms having less than two hectares of land for growing crops and livestock. There are more than 475 million small farms with 3 billion people working on them, including the majority of the world’s rural poor. Farmers manage numerous risks on a daily basis. Regulations often fail to support farmers and may even create obstacles for them. Farmers need access to high-quality inputs—including seed, fertilizer, tractors, animal feed, and veterinary medicinal products (VMPs). Regulation has an impact on access to these inputs. Long waits and/or exorbitant costs to procure farming inputs can deter farmers from expanding business operations. If a farmer uses a low-quality seed or fertilizer, the consequences may not become fully apparent until harvest time. Since not all countries have the capacity to produce inputs such as fertilizer and VMPs, these inputs often need to be imported. Yet trade and regulatory barriers often limit agribusiness investments and productivity.
June 2019. 292 pages. Stock no. C211387 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1387-0). US$45.00
Doing Business in Agriculture builds on earlier editions of Enabling the Business of Agriculture by providing a more focused analysis centered on farmers. Between 2013 and 2017, a scoring methodology was developed for measuring regulations across eight areas relevant to agricultural production. In response to feedback received on the previous Enabling the Business of Agriculture reports published in 2015, 2016 and 2017, the indicators were narrowed to cover areas that have an impact on a farmer’s operations. Indicator development was guided by a review of the academic literature and consultations with civil society organizations, partner institutions, practitioners, public and private sector representatives, researchers, and technical experts. The data that underlie the indicators presented in Doing Business in Agriculture are globally comparable and can be used to benchmark countries’ performances.
HARVESTING PROSPERITY Technology and Productivity Growth in Agriculture By Keith Fuglie, Madhur Gautam, Aparajita Goyal, and William F. Maloney
This book documents frontier knowledge on the drivers of agriculture productivity to derive pragmatic policy advice for governments and development partners on reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The analysis describes global trends and longterm sources of total factor productivity growth. It also includes broad trends in partial factor productivity for land and labor, revisiting the question of scale economies in farming. Technology is central to growth in agricultural productivity, yet across many parts of the developing world, readily available technology is never adopted. The book investigates demand-side constraints of the technology equation to analyze factors that might influence producers—particularly poorer producers—to adopt modern technology. Rapidly transforming agriculture and food systems are characterized by shifting food preferences, the rise and growing sophistication of value chains, the increasing globalization of agriculture, and the expanding role of the public and private sectors in bringing about efficient and more rapid productivity growth. In light of this transformation, the analysis focuses on the supply side of the technology equation, exploring how the enabling environment, as well as regulations related to trade and intellectual property rights, stimulate research and development to raise productivity.
October 2019. 256 pages. Stock no. C211393 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1393-1). US$49.95
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SOCIAL PROTECTIONS AND LABOR
DECODING UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME A Guide to Navigate Concepts, Evidence, and Practices Edited by Ugo Gentilini, Margaret Grosh, Jamele Rigolini, and Ruslan Yemtsov
Universal basic income (UBI) is one of the most hotly debated ideas in development and social protection. Drawing from global evidence and experiences, this volume provides a compass to help navigate key issues and trade-offs. In addition, it offers new data and insights to better inform choices around the appropriateness and feasibility of UBI in different contexts. Structured around seven chapters and based on one of the most comprehensive reviews of the literature available, the book provides a framework for understanding the interplay among objectives, design, incentives, microsimulations, financing, political economy, and implementation of UBI as well as of social assistance more generally.
September 2019. 300 pages. Stock no. C211458 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1458-7). US$49.95
PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES OF NONFINANCIAL DEFINED PENSION SCHEMES Volume 1. Addressing Marginalization, Polarization, and the Labor Market Volume 2. Addressing Gender, Administration, and Communication Edited by Robert Holzmann, Edward Palmer, Robert Palacios, and Stefano Sacchi
This is the third World Bank publication to analyze progress, challenges, and adjustment options of the reform revolution for mandated public pension schemes. The individual account–based but unfunded approach that promises fair and financially sustainable benefits is a reform benchmark for all pension schemes. Nonfinancial defined contribution (NDC) schemes originated in the 1990s independently in Italy and Sweden and were then adopted by Latvia, Poland, and Norway. The approach was envisaged but not implemented in various other countries (such as The Arab Republic of Egypt and the Russian Federation), and remains under discussion in many countries across the world (such as China and France). In its complete form, the approach also comprises budget-financed basic income provisions and mandated or voluntary funded provisions.
October 2019. Volume 1: 382 pages. Stock no. C211453 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1453-2). US$49.95 Volume 2: 380 pages. Stock no. C211455 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1455-6). US$49.95
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Volume 1 offers an assessment of early reform countries before addressing key aspects of policy implementation and design review, including how to best combine basic income provisions with NDC, deal with heterogeneity in longevity, and adjust NDC design and labor market policies to deliver on reform expectations. Volume 2 addresses a second set of important issues, including the gender pension gap and what family policies can do within the NDC framework, the administrative challenges of NDCs and how countries are coping, the role of communication in NDCs, the complexity of cross-border pension taxation, and many more.
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SOCIAL PROTECTIONS AND LABOR • INFRASTRUCTURE
PROTECTING ALL Risk Sharing for a Diverse and Diversifying World of Work By Truman Packard, Ugo Gentilini, Margaret Grosh, Philip O’Keefe, Robert Palacios, David Robalino, and Indhira Santos
This book, based on a white paper, focuses on the policy interventions made to help people manage risk, uncertainty, and the losses from events whose impacts are channeled primarily through the labor market. Its objectives are to scrutinize the relevance and effects of prevailing risk-sharing policies in low- and middle-income countries, take account of how global drivers of disruption shape and diversify how people work, and, in light of this diversity, propose alternative risk-sharing policies or ways to improve current policies for relevance and responsiveness to needs. The book also aims to map a reasonable transition path to an alternative policy approach that substantially extends protection to a greater portion of working people. It contributes to the broader global discussion on the changing nature of work and how policy can shape its implications for people's well-being. Effective risk-sharing policies are foundational to building equity, resilience, and opportunity. Given failures of factor markets and the market for risk in particular, the rationale for policy intervention to augment the options that people have to manage shocks to their livelihoods is well-understood and accepted. By helping to prevent HUMAN DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES vulnerable people from falling into poverty—and people in the poorest households August 2019. 230 pages. from falling deeper into poverty—effective risk-sharing interventions dramatically Stock no. C211427 reduce poverty. Households and communities with access to effective risk-sharing (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1427-3). US$39.95 instruments can better maintain and continue to invest in these vital assets. Foremost among them is their human capital. In doing so, they can reduce the likelihood that poverty and vulnerability will be transmitted from one generation to the next. Risk-sharing policies foster enterprise and development by ensuring that people can take appropriate risks required to grasp opportunities and secure their stake in a growing economy.
BELT AND ROAD ECONOMICS Opportunities and Risks of Transport Corridors By Michele Ruta, Matias Herrera Dappe, Somik Lall, and Chunlin Zhang
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an ambitious effort to improve regional cooperation and connectivity on a transcontinental scale. The initiative aims to strengthen infrastructure, trade, and investment links between China and some 65 other countries that collectively account for over 30 percent of global GDP, 62 percent of the world's population, and 75 percent of its known energy reserves. The BRI consists primarily of the Silk Road Economic Belt, linking China to Central and South Asia and onward to Europe, and the New Maritime Silk Road, linking China to the nations of Southeast Asia, the Gulf Countries, and North Africa and on to Europe. The initiative can transform the economic environment in which economies in the region operate. Regional cooperation on the new and improved transport infrastructure and policy reforms could substantially reduce trade costs and improve connectivity, leading to increased crossborder trade and investment and improved growth in the region.
July 2019. 144 pages. Stock no. C211392 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1392-4). US$39.95
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E N V I R O N M E N T • W AT E R R E S O U R C E S
HIDDEN DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY Natural Resources and the Environment By Carter Brandon and Harun Dogo
This report focuses on the impact of environmental degradation on the poorest, and the sustainability of the economic development model. The global pattern of development observed over the past 25 years has yielded impressive returns but has come at a high cost of environmental degradation. Yet the environmental costs of development are disproportionately borne by the extreme poor, and the changing quality of local natural capital plays a determining role in the process of poverty reduction. Importantly, regardless of the definition of sustainability used, the historical model of development does not appear to be sustainable in the poorest areas of the world.
ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
October 2019. 250 pages. Stock no. C211246 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1246-0). US$45.00
Therefore, achieving the World Bank's poverty goals in a sustainable manner will require more aggressive policy changes than are commonly appreciated. No single set of policy recommendations can apply for all countries, as decoupling economic and poverty alleviation growth from environmental damages depends on the country context. Still, one truism does apply to all countries: the Twin Goals of poverty alleviation and shared prosperity simply cannot be achieved in an economy and environment that is unsustainable. Maintaining the sustainable use of natural capital and healthy ecosystems is a fundamental part of what countries need to achieve the Twin Goals.
QUALITY UNKNOWN The Invisible Water Crisis By the World Bank
This report is an attempt to illuminate the impacts of the hidden dangers that lie beneath the water’s surface and elucidate strategies for combating them. The main, though not exclusive, focus is on the parameters that are tracked in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6.3.2, on water quality, with its focus on nutrient loads, salt balances, and the overall environmental health of water bodies. The report demonstrates that the parameters identified in SDG 6.3.2 have impacts that are wider, deeper, and larger than previously known. It suggests the need for a broader focus on water quality, beyond sanitation-related contaminants such as fecal coliforms and E. coli. Recognizing the scope of the problem and the magnitude of the impacts and formulating ways to address these will be critical to improving public health, preserving ecosystems, and sustaining economic growth throughout the twenty-first century. August 2019. 144 pages. Stock no. C211459 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1459-4). US$39.95
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URBAN DEVELOPMENT
THE LIFE OF PUBLIC SPACES A Playbook for Planning, Creating, and Managing Urban Places By Jon Kher Kaw and Hyunji Lee
This book identifies effective strategies for planning, creating, and managing government- and privately-owned public urban spaces. It explores the broad spectrum of ways to govern public spaces and how they can be financially sustainable assets. The book consists of three parts. Part I explores the different degrees of “publicness” of public spaces and frames the delivery of well-designed and well-managed public spaces in cities through better asset life cycle management. Part II examines the quality and spatial patterns of how public spaces are planned and distributed across selected cities. Part III focuses on how different types of public spaces are planned, designed, funded, implemented, and managed, drawing on a series of city case studies.
November 2019. 256 pages. Stock no. C211449 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1449-5). US$45.00
BETTER CITIES, BETTER WORLD A Handbook on Local Governments Self-Assessments By Catherine Farvacque-Vitkovic and Mihaly Kopanyi
The planet is becoming increasingly urban. In many ways, the urbanization wave and the unprecedented urban growth of the past 20 years have created a sense of urgency and an impetus for change. Some 54 percent of the world's population—3.9 billion people—lives in urban areas today. Thus, it has become clear that “business as usual” is no longer possible. This new configuration places great expectations on local governments. While central governments are subject to instability and political changes, local governments are seen as more inclined to stay the course. Because they are closer to the people, the voice of the people is more clearly heard for truly democratic debates over neighborhood investment choices, citywide policies and programs, and decision processes toward the use of public funds and taxpayer money. In a context of skewed financial resources and complex urban challenges—which range from the provision of basic traditional municipal services to the “newer” agenda of social inclusion, economic development, city branding, emergency response, smart technologies, and green investment—more cities are searching for improved efficacy and innovation in dealing with new and old problems.
July 2019. 344 pages. Stock no. C211336 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1336-8). US$45.00
Better Cities, Better World: A Handbook on Local Governments Self-Assessments is at the heart of this debate. It recognizes the complex past, current, and future challenges that cities face and outlines a bottom-line, no-nonsense framework for data-based policy dialogue and action. It offers a common language that, for the first time, helps connect the dots between public investments programming (Urban Audit/Self-Assessment) and financing (Municipal Finances SelfAssessment). It helps address two key questions, too often bypassed when it comes to municipal infrastructure and services financing: Are we doing the right things? Are we doing things right?
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17
F I N A N C E • E D U C AT I O N
ANALYZING BANKING RISK (4TH EDITION) A Framework for Assessing Corporate Governance and Risk Management By Hennie Van Greuning and Sonja Brajovic Bratanovic
This fourth edition of Analyzing Banking Risk remains faithful to the objectives of the original. The additions include new capital and financial risk management aspects, such as Basel III capital adequacy, as well as new operational risk management topics such as cybercrime, money laundering, and outsourcing. The book specifies key principles and uses basic tools and techniques of financial risk analysis to demonstrate how data can be converted into information through graphic highlights of risk trends that can alert senior management and boards when action may be required. Given the recurring turmoil in the financial markets, this approach demonstrates the power of basic risk management principles in assisting the nonspecialist director, executive, or analyst in integrating various risk areas and ensures that the interrelationships between different risk categories are clearly portrayed. The proposed framework also recognizes that some risks might be immaterial in less sophisticated environments. This publication emphasizes risk management principles and is useful to a wide body of readers. The target audiences are those responsible for the analyses of banks and the senior organizational managers who direct their efforts. Since the publication provides an overview of the spectrum of corporate governance and risk management principles, it is not intended for the narrow technical specialist who focuses on only one particular risk management area. Since the first edition, the publication has been used for graduate courses in banking risk analysis, as well as in many risk analysis workshops. September 2019. 208 pages. Stock no. C211446 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1446-4). US$45.00
PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS EXAMINED By Thomas Kellaghan and Vincent Greaney
This book addresses current issues related to the development, administration, scoring, and usage of public examinations. High-stakes public examinations exert a dominant influence on education systems in Asia, Africa, Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa. They tend to have a major influence on teacher and student behavior, especially at the middle and upper levels of secondary education. The content of past examinations tends to dictate what is taught and how it is taught. More importantly, past examinations influence learning content and methods.
September 2019. 326 pages. Stock no. C211418 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1418-1). US$45.00
The volume identifies key issues and problems related to examinations in a large number of emerging market economies, as well as in a number of OECD countries. Examination agencies, many of which have followed the same procedures over decades, can learn from the successes and failures of other systems. By changing aspects of public examinations, especially their content and format, education systems can have a strong positive impact on teacher and student learning, help raise student achievement levels, and better prepare students for tertiary-level education and employment.
The primary target audience for the book is public examination officials on national, regional, and state examination boards. The book should also be of interest to senior educational policy makers concerned with certification and learning achievement standards, for governmental and tertiary agencies responsible for student selection, and for professionals at development agencies. 18
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AFRICA
THE SKILLS BALANCING ACT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Investing in Skills for Productivity, Inclusivity, and Adaptability By Omar Arias, David K. Evans, and Indhira Santos
Sub-Saharan Africa has the youngest population of any region of the world, and that growing working-age population represents a major opportunity to reduce poverty and increase shared prosperity. But the region's workforce is the least skilled in the world, constraining economic prospects. Despite economic growth, declining poverty, and investments in skills building, too many students in too many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are blocked from acquiring the foundational skills they need to thrive and prosper in an increasingly competitive global economy. This report examines the balancing act that individuals and countries face in making productive investments in a wide range of skills, including cognitive, socioemotional, and technical. It also explores how countries invest in a wide range of groups, from young children through working adults, so that Sub-Saharan Africa can thrive.
AFRICA DEVELOPMENT FORUM
June 2019. 378 pages. Stock no. C211149 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1149-4). US$45.00
ALL HANDS ON DECK Reducing Stunting through Multisectoral Efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa By Emmanuel Skoufias, Katja Vinha, and Ryoko Sato
This book lays the groundwork for more effective multisectoral action on reducing stunting by analyzing and generating empirical evidence useful for informing the joint targeting of nutrition-sensitive interventions in countries in Sub-Sahara Africa. Using information from 33 recent Demographic and Health Surveys, measures are constructed to capture a child’s access to food security, care practices, health care, and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), in order to identify gaps in access among different socioeconomic groups and relate access to these nutrition drivers with nutrition outcomes. Three main questions are addressed: (1) Do children have inadequate access to the underlying determinants of nutrition? (2) What is the association between stunting and inadequate food, care practices, health, and WASH access? (3) Can the sectors that have the greatest impact on stunting be identified?
AFRICA DEVELOPMENT FORUM
July 2019. 192 pages. Stock no. C211396 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1396-2). US$39.95
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AFRICA
THE FUTURE OF WORK IN AFRICA By Mark Dutz, Jieun Choi, and Zainab Usman
This companion report to the World Development Report (WDR) 2019: The Changing Nature of Work addresses the key themes of creating productive jobs and addressing the needs of those left behind. It builds on and contextualizes some of WDR 2019’s main messages to key specificities of the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region. It focuses on how global trends—especially the adoption of digital technologies—may change the nature of work in SSA by creating new opportunities and challenges. The report is structured around three main issues that will shape the future of work in Africa: the human capital needs of a young and rapidly growing largely low-skilled labor force, the prevalence of informal workers, and enterprises and social protection policies to mitigate risks resulting from disruptions to labor markets. The report highlights important unanswered policy questions where new research, supplemented by new data, could yield learnings with high policy payoffs in the SSA context.
AFRICA DEVELOPMENT FORUM
November 2019. 130 pages. Stock no. C211444 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1444-0). US$39.95
FACING FORWARD (FRENCH EDITION) Schooling for Learning in Africa By Sajitha Bashir, Marlaine Lockheed, Elizabeth Ninan, and Jee-Peng Tan
This book lays out a range of policy and implementation actions that are needed for countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to meet the challenge of improving learning while expanding access and completion of basic education for all. It underscores the importance of aligning the education system to relentlessly focus on learning outcomes and ensure that all children will have access to good schools, learning materials, and teachers. It is unique in characterizing countries according to the challenges they faced in the 1990s and the educational progress they have made over the past 25 years. The authors review the global literature and contribute their extensive new analyses of multiple data sets from over three dozen countries in the region. They integrate findings about what affects children's learning, access to schooling, and progress through basic education.
AFRICA DEVELOPMENT FORUM
July 2019. 536 pages. Stock no. C211394 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1394-8). US$55.00
The book examines four areas to help countries better align their systems to improve learning: completing the unfinished agenda of reaching universal basic education with quality; ensuring effective management and support of teachers; targeting spending priorities and budget processes on improving quality; and closing the institutional capacity gap. It concludes with an assessment of how future educational progress may be affected by projected fertility rates and economic growth.
The primary audience for this book includes policy makers in Africa, practitioners, and partners concerned with building the knowledge capital of Sub-Saharan Africa.
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L AT I N A M E R I C A A N D T H E C A R I B B E A N
MANAGING FOR LEARNING Measuring and Strengthening Education Management in Latin America and the Caribbean By Melissa Adelman and Renata Lemos
How can countries make sustainable gains in student learning at scale? This is a pressing question for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)—and the developing world more broadly—as countries seek to build human capital to drive sustainable growth. Significant progress in access has expanded coverage such that nearly all children in the region attend primary school, but many do not gain basic skills and drop out before completing secondary school. This is due in part to low-quality service delivery. The preponderance of evidence shows that it is learning—and not schooling in and of itself—that contributes to individual earnings, economic growth, and reduced inequality. For LAC in particular, low levels of human capital are a critical factor in explaining the region’s relatively weak growth performance over the last half century. The easily measurable inputs are well-known and the end goal is relatively clear, but raising student achievement at scale remains a challenge. Why? This book proposes that part of the answer lies in management—the processes November 2019. 100 pages. and practices that guide how inputs into the education system are translated into Stock no. C211463 outputs, and ultimately, outcomes. While management (and related concepts, such as (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1463-1). US$39.95 institutions, governance, or leadership) is often mentioned as an important factor in education policy discussions, relatively little quantitative research has been done to define and measure it. And even less has been done to unpack how and how much management matters for education quality. The study elaborates on each of these messages, synthesizing recent data and research, and presenting the results of six new papers written to inform this report. The target audience for the Executive Summary is policymakers across LAC (and beyond) who seek approaches to strengthening their systems at scale. The target audience for the study overall includes researchers and technical advisors who work on topics related to education management in development organizations, governments, think tanks, and other institutions across LAC.
FISCAL RULES AND ECONOMIC SIZE IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN By Fernando Blanco, Friederike Koehler, Pablo Saavedra, and Emilia Skrok
This book provides analytical contributions to the design of fiscal rules in small economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region. These economies usually face high levels of output volatility, large terms-of-trade shocks, and significant exposure to natural disasters. The relationship between fiscal rules and economic size has not been systematically assessed in the literature. Determining which fiscal rules are most appropriate for smaller economies can contribute toward improving their design and effectiveness. The study reviews the performance of fiscal rules worldwide and provides information on which rule types are most common, which have the best record for compliance, and which features tend to improve their performance. It provides practical policy directions drawn from international experience to assist policymakers in smaller economies in designing and implementing more effective fiscal rules.
September 2019. 144 pages. Stock no. C211382 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1382-5). US$39.95
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21
E A S T A S I A A N D PAC I F I C
TIME TO ACT Realizing Indonesia's Urban Potential Edited by Mark Roberts, Frederico Gil Sander, and Sailesh Tiwari
Time to ACT: Realizing Indonesia’s Urban Potential explores the extent to which urbanization in Indonesia has delivered in terms of prosperity, inclusiveness, and livability. The report takes a broad view of urbanization’s performance in these three key areas, covering both the monetary and nonmonetary aspects of welfare. It analyzes the fundamental reforms that can help the country to more fully achieve widespread and sustainable benefits, and it introduces a new policy framework—the ACT framework—to guide policy making. This framework emphasizes the three policy principles of Augment, Connect, and Target. Using this framework, the report provides policy recommendations differentiated by four types of places that differ in both their economic characteristics and the challenges that they face—multidistrict metro areas, single-district metro areas, nonmetro urban areas, and nonmetro rural areas. In addition to its eight chapters, Time to ACT: Realizing Indonesia’s Urban Potential includes four spotlights on strengthening the disaster resilience of Indonesian cities, the nexus between urbanization and human capital, the “invisible” crisis of wastewater management, and the potential for smart cities in Indonesia.
August 2019. 330 pages. Stock no. C211389 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1389-4). US$49.95
If Indonesia continues to urbanize in line with global historical standards, more than 70 percent of its population will be living in towns and cities by the time the country celebrates the centenary of its independence in 2045. Accordingly, how Indonesia manages this continued expansion of its urban population—and the mounting congestion forces that expansion brings—will do much to determine whether the country reaches the upper rungs of the global ladder of prosperity, inclusiveness, and livability.
INNOVATIVE CHINA New Drivers of Growth By the World Bank and the Development Research Center of the State Council, the People's Republic of China
After more than three decades of average annual growth close to 10 percent, China's economy is transitioning to a "new normal" of slower but more balanced and sustainable growth. Its old drivers of growth—a growing labor force, the migration from rural areas to cities, high levels of investment, and expanding exports—are waning or having less impact. China's policymakers are well aware that the country needs new drivers of growth.
July 2019. 160 pages. Stock no. C211335 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1335-1). US$45.00 22
This report proposes a reform agenda that emphasizes productivity and innovation to help policymakers promote China's future growth and achieve their vision of a modern and innovative China. The reform agenda is based on the three Ds: removing Distortions to strengthen market competition and enhance the efficient allocation of resources in the economy; accelerating Diffusion of advanced technologies and management practices in China's economy, taking advantage of the large remaining potential for catch-up growth; and fostering Discovery by nurturing China's competitive and innovative capacity as it approaches OECD incomes in the decades ahead, extending the global innovation and technology frontier.
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SOUTH ASIA • AFRICA
READY TO LEARN. READY TO THRIVE. Before School, In School and Beyond School in South Asia By Tara Beteille, Namrata Tognatta, Michelle Riboud, Shinsaku Nomura, and Yashodhan Ghorpade
Countries that have sustained rapid growth over decades have typically had a strong public commitment to expanding education as well as to improving learning outcomes. South Asian countries have made considerable progress in expanding access to primary and secondary schooling, with countries having achieved near-universal enrollment of the primary school–age cohort (ages 6–11), except for Afghanistan and Pakistan. Secondary enrollment shows an upward trend as well. Beyond school, many more people have access to skilling opportunities and higher education today. While governments have consistently pursued policies to expand access, a prominent feature of the region has been the role played by nonstate actors—private nonprofit and forprofit entities—in expanding access at every level of education. Though learning levels remain low, countries in the region have shown a strong commitment to improving learning. All countries in South Asia have taken the first step, which is to assess learning outcomes regularly. Since 2010, there has been a rapid increase in the number of large-scale student learning assessments conducted in the region. But to use the findings of these assessments to improve schooling, countries must build their capacity to design assessments and analyze and use findings to inform policy.
SOUTH ASIA DEVELOPMENT FORUM
September 2019. 280 pages. Stock no. C211327 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1327-6). US$45.00
FUTURE DRIVERS OF GROWTH IN RWANDA Innovation, Integration, Agglomeration, and Competition By the World Bank and the Government of Rwanda
A strong and widely acknowledged record of economic success, including a threeand-a-half-fold increase in per capita income since 1994, places Rwanda among the world's fastest-growing economies. Traumatic memories of the 1994 genocide are gradually fading, as associations begin to take a more positive form: that of a nation on the rise, powered by human resilience, a sense of common purpose, and a purposeful government. Past successes and a sense of frailty have fueled aspirations for a secure, prosperous, and modern future. Sustaining high rates of economic growth is at the heart of these ambitions. Recent formulations of the nation’s Vision 2050 set a target of achieving upper-middle-income status by 2035 and high-income status by 2050. Future Drivers of Growth in Rwanda: Innovation, Integration, Agglomeration, and Competition, a joint undertaking by experts from Rwanda and the World Bank Group, evaluates the country’s possibilities and options in this endeavor. The report identifies four essential drivers of growth—innovation, integration, agglomeration, and competition—and reforms in six priority areas: human capital development, export dynamism and regional integration, well-managed urbanization, competitive domestic enterprises, agricultural modernization, and capable and accountable public institutions.
August 2019. 322 pages. Stock no. C211280 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1280-4). US$45.00
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23
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA • SOUTH ASIA
THE MOBILITY OF DISPLACED SYRIANS An Economic and Social Analysis By the World Bank
The war in Syria, now in its eighth year, continues to take its toll on the Syrian people. Over half of the population of Syria remains displaced (as of September 2018), with more than 5.6 million registered as refugees outside of country and another 6.2 million displaced within Syria's borders. The internally displaced include two million school-aged children, with less than half attending school. Another 739,000 Syrian children are out of school in five neighboring countries that host Syria's refugees. The loss of human capital is staggering, and it will create permanent hardship for generations of Syrians.
September 2019. 320 pages. Stock no. C211401 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1401-3). US$49.95
Despite the tragic prospects for renewed fighting in certain parts of the country, an overall reduction in armed conflict is possible. However, international experience shows that the absence of fighting is rarely a singular trigger for return of displaced people. Numerous other factors, including improved security and socioeconomic conditions in origin states, access to property and assets, the availability of key services, and restitution in home areas play important roles in shaping the scale and composition of returns. Overall, refugees have their own calculus of return that considers all these factors and assesses available options.
This study sheds light on the “mobility calculus” of Syrian refugees. While dismissing any policies that imply wrongful practices involving forced repatriation, the study analyzes factors that may be considered by refugees in their own decision to relocate. By doing so, it aims to provide a fact-based and transparent framework to support a concerted dialogue among concerned parties.
GLACIERS OF THE HIMALAYAS Assessing the Impact of Climate Change and Black Carbon By Muthukumara Mani
Melting glaciers, loss of seasonal snow, and precipitation changes pose significant risks to the stability of water resources in the South Asia region. Glaciers help to moderate river flows in the region's major rivers by providing a source of meltwater in hot, dry years and storing water during colder, wetter years. Their dependence on glaciers and snow makes these rivers particularly vulnerable to climate change. In addition to threats from global climate change, black carbon produced and circulated within the region is both increasing the absorption of solar radiation by glaciers through decreasing the reflectance of their surfaces and raising air temperatures (which also increases melt). In these ways, black carbon is becoming a significant factor in the retreat of some Himalayan glaciers.
SOUTH ASIA DEVELOPMENT FORUM
December 2019. 200 pages. Stock no. C210099 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-0099-3). US$45.00 24
This study identifies the causes of potential changes to glacier and snow dynamics in the Himalaya, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush mountain ranges, presents scenarios of possible glacier and snow changes under different climate change and black carbon conditions, and determines implications for water resources within the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra basins. Since changes in regional climates are largely linked to global-scale actions and processes, the response of glaciers and snow changes must be approached in the context of the need to reduce global emissions. However, local actions may reduce or offset the impacts in the short term. The overall objective is to provide sound analytical underpinnings for policy making, investments, and other initiatives that could be further supported by Bank-financed operations.
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WORLD BANK PUBLICATIONS AND ePRODUCTS
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS • INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN PRACTICE needed port and access infrastructure, port sector regulations, and institutional and management approaches to port operation and development.
I N T E R N AT I O N A L D E V E LO P M E N T I N FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS
June 2019. 182 pages. Stock no. C211410 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1410-5). US$39.95.
BUILDING RESILIENCE
A Green Growth Framework for Mobilizing Mining Investment By Sri Sekar, Kyle Lundin, Christopher Tucker, Joe Figueiredo, Silvana Tordo, and Javier Aguilar
The report proposes a framework for integrating climate change and local economic opportunity activities in natural-resource-rich developing countries. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS
May 2019. 70 pages. Stock no. C211426 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1426-6). US$35.00
SERVICES FOR TRADE COMPETITIVENESS Country and Regional Assessments of Services Trade Edited by Claire H. Hollweg and Sebastián Sáez
This volume presents selected applications of the new methodologies developed by the World Bank's Trade and Regional Integration Unit to assess the competitiveness of countries’ services sector, discern the types of barriers to services that exist in the regulatory environment, and identify the resulting policy implications. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS
CHINA'S HIGH-SPEED RAIL DEVELOPMENT
June 2019. 264 pages. Stock no. C211406 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1406-8). US$45.00.
By Martha Lawrence, Richard Bullock, and Ziming Liu
This book reviews China's high-speed rail experience and highlights key factors in the areas of planning, capacity building, markets, service design, construction and operations, finances, and economics. Countries considering investment in high-speed rail may find many aspects of China's experience relevant and useful.
WHICH WAY TO LIVABLE AND PRODUCTIVE CITIES? A Road Map for Sub-Saharan Africa By Kirsten Hommann and Somik V. Lall
Unleashing the potential of African cities and towns to deliver services and employment in a livable and environmentally friendly environment will require empowering land markets, strengthening urban planning and regulatory functions, and providing financing for public assets and infrastructure investments.
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS
June 2019. 98 pages. Stock no. C211425 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1425-9). US$35.00.
LEVERAGING URBANIZATION TO PROMOTE A NEW GROWTH MODEL WHILE REDUCING TERRITORIAL DISPARITIES IN MOROCCO
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS
April 2019. 56 pages.. Stock no. C211405 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1405-1). US$35.00
Urban and Regional Development Policy Note
By Somik Lall, Ayah Mahgoub, Augustin Maria, Anastasia Touati, and Jose Luis Acero
By 2050, three-quarters of Morocco's population will be urban. While Moroccan cities are the engines of today’s demographic and economic growth, they face persistent challenges. This note identifies priority actions that will allow public authorities to help urban development boost economic growth and promote shared prosperity for all.
I N T E R N AT I O N A L D E V E LO P M E N T I N PRACTICE
COMPETENCY-BASED ACCOUNTING EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND CERTIFICATION
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS
An Implementation Guide
June 2019. 56 pages. Stock no. C211433 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1433-4). US$35.00.
By Alfred Borgonovo, Brian Friedrich, and Michael Wells
PERSISTENT MALNUTRITION IN ETHNIC MINORITY COMMUNITIES OF VIETNAM
This guide is designed to assist those who are responsible for providing or overseeing the development of professional accountants. It is particularly relevant to professional accountancy organizations, as well as policy makers and regulators who have a role in overseeing the training and certification of accountants and auditors.
Issues and Options for Policy and Interventions By Nkosinathi V. N. Mbuya, Stephen J. Atwood, and Phuong Nam Huynh
This report assesses and analyzes the state of child nutrition in largely ethnic populations and identifies gaps in policies and programs aimed at reducing inequities in malnutrition in these areas. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS
June 2019. 142 pages. Stock no. C211432 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1432-7). US$39.95.
PORT DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITION IN EAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA Prospects and Challenges
By Martin Humphreys, Aiga Stokenberga, Matias Herrera Dappe, Atsushi Iimi, and Olivier Hartmann
This book assesses the capacity expansion needs, operating efficiency, and landside access gaps of the 15 main ports in East and Southern Africa. For each port, it provides policy recommendations regarding
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN PRACTICE
June 2019. 134 pages. Stock no. C211403 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1403-7). US$39.95.
GOVERNING INFRASTRUCTURE REGULATORS IN FRAGILE ENVIRONMENTS Principles and Implementation Manual By Rex Deighton-Smith and Peter Carroll INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN PRACTICE
This manual identifies key principles for the governance of infrastructure regulators, with a focus on countries exiting situations of conflict and fragility. It provides guidance on how the principles can be successfully implemented and contributes to accountable, effective regulatory decision making, increased investment, and economic development.
July 2019. 198 pages. Stock no. C211434 (ISBN: 978-1-4648-1434-1). US$39.95.
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INDEX Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa.............................10
Future Drivers of Growth in Rwanda.....................................23
All Hands On Deck..................................................................19
Glaciers of the Himalayas......................................................24
Analyzing Banking Risk (4th Edition)....................................18
Global Economic Prospects, January 2020............................3
Belt and Road Economics......................................................15
Global Economic Prospects, June 2019.................................3
Better Cities, Better World.....................................................17
Global Financial Development Report 2019/2020.................6
Building Resilience..................................................................25
Going for Broke........................................................................12
China's High-Speed Rail Development................................25
Governing Infrastructure Regulators in Fragile
Competency-Based Accounting Education, Training, and
Africa...................................................................................25
Progress and Challenges of Nonfinancial Defined Pension
Schemes.............................................................................14
Protecting All............................................................................15
Public Examinations Examined.............................................18
Quality Unknown......................................................................16
Ready to Learn. Ready to Thrive............................................23 Environments......................................................................25 Rethinking Power Sector Reform............................................5
Certification........................................................................25
Harvesting Prosperity..............................................................13 Services for Trade Competitiveness......................................25
Convergence...............................................................................8
Hidden Dimensions of Poverty...............................................16 The Future of Work in Africa..................................................20
Decoding Universal Basic Income.........................................14
Innovative China.......................................................................22 The Internationalization of Crime, Conflict, and Violence.. 12
Doing Business 2020.................................................................2
International Debt Statistics 2019.........................................11 The Life of Public Spaces.......................................................17
Doing Business in Agriculture 2019......................................13
Leveraging Urbanization to Promote a New Growth Model The Mobility of Displaced Syrians..........................................24
Economic Transformation and the Future of Work in Latin
While Reducing Territorial Disparities in Morocco........25 The Skills Balancing Act in Sub-Saharan Africa.................19
America and the Caribbean...............................................7
Lifelines.......................................................................................4
Expectations and Aspirations...................................................9
Managing for Learning...........................................................21
Facing Forward (French Edition)...........................................20
Persistent Malnutrition in Ethnic Minority Communities of
Fiscal Rules and Economic Size in Latin America and the
Caribbean............................................................................21
28
Vietnam...............................................................................25
Port Development and Competition in East and Southern
www.worldbank.org/publications • books@worldbank.org
Time to ACT..............................................................................22
Which Way to Livable and Productive Cities?......................25
World Bank eLibrary...............................................................26
World Development Report 2020.............................................1
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Doing Business 2020
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Global Economic Prospects, June 2019
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