In 2005, with just a decade left to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the international development community is taking stock of the implementation of the UN’s Millennium Declaration and discussing how to accelerate progress toward the MDGs. The MDG agenda emphasizes reducing poverty in all its dimensions, focusing on the poorest. The countries of Europe and Central Asia (ECA), even with recent economic growth and institutional strengthening, still face the challenge of meeting many of the MDGs.