Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
Assam
Poverty, Growth & Inequality Assam is home to 31 million people, a third of whom are poor. While poverty levels in Assam declined rapidly between 1994 and 2005, the state has since lagged behind most other states in reducing poverty. The incidence of poverty in Assam remains higher than the national average, with poverty levels being very high in some parts of the state. Growth, which is driven mainly by services, is among the lowest in the country. Consumption inequality, while low relative to other Indian states, has been increasing, especially in urban areas.
Poverty in Assam is higher than in most other Indian states Population below poverty line, 2012 (%) 50
Public Disclosure Authorized
40
40 37
37
35
34
33
32
32 29
30
22
22
21
20
20
19
17
17
15
15 12
12
10
11
11
11
10
9
9
8
8
8 5
0 CG JH MN AR BH OD AS MP UP AI MZ KA WB NL MH GJ TR RJ MG TN UK HR JK DL AP SK
PJ
KL HP GA
Public Disclosure Authorized
Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.
There are pockets of very high poverty within Assam District level poverty, 2012 Patna
Population below the poverty line, 2012 (%)
N
1
June 20, 2017
0.6-5.2 6-20 5.3-13.2 20-26 13.3-17.2 26-32 17.3-22.6 32-43 22.7-62.8 43-60
Assam
Poverty, Growth & Inequality Since 2005, the pace of poverty reduction in Assam has been slower than in most other states Population below poverty line, (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 MN JH BH OD AR AS CG KA MH UP AI TN AP MP WB RJ
● 1994
● 2005
GJ MG HR HP UK TR SK KL JK
PJ
GA NL DL MZ
● 2012
Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.
Poverty declined sharply in both rural and urban areas of Assam between 1994 and 2005 Population below poverty line, (%) 70
60
50
Rural Total
55 52
40
30
36 35
Urban
34 32
28
20
22
21
2005
2012
10
0 1994
2
June 20, 2017
Assam
Poverty, Growth & Inequality 0
10
20
30
Annual decline in poverty rate, 2005 - 2012 (%)
-1
40
50
60
70
80
High poverty, declining slowly
AS
Assam lags behind most -3 Indian states in economicJHgrowth
Annual growth 2005- 2012 - 2012 Annual growthrate, rate, 2005 (%) (%)
11
CG
-5
9 8 7 6
WB
-9
All India
GJ HR
-11 KL PJ RJ
BH -13
OD CGHP MP
-17 Lagging
4
BH
Leading OD
Data for 19 large states and All India. Low Income States are highlighted in orange.
TN
-15
5
MP
KA
-7
Improving
10
UP
UK
Low poverty, UP declining fast
GJ
AP MH RJ
MH
KL HP
TN
HR
Interpreting the graph
KA
UK
Improvement from 2005 to 2012
12
PJ
WB AP
JH AS
Weakening
3 2
0
Leading High income, high growth
Lagging Low income, low growth
Weakening High income, low growth
Standard of living, 2005
5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000
per capita, (2005 RealReal GSDPGSDP per capita, (2005 Rupees)
Improving Low income, high growth
Rupees) All India
Services contribute most to Assam’s economic growth, which is lower than the national average Annual growth rate, (%)
Components of GSDP growth rate, (%) 10 10
15 15
8
8
6
6
5.3 0.4
10 10
4
6.5
3.6 3.7
4
4.2
4.2
4.0
3.4
2.1
5
5
2 0
0
0 20052006 20062007 20072008 20082009 20092010 20102011201120122012 2005
■ Assam GSDP
■ All India GDP
2 0
-3.2
0.7 -1.0
0.5 0.0
0.2 0.7
1.6 0.5
1.6
0.4 0.7
0.9 0.4
-2 -2 -4 -4 20052006 20062007 20072008 20082009 20092010 2010 20112011 2012 2012 2005
■ Services
3
June 20, 2017
■ Industry
■ Agriculture
Assam
Poverty, Growth & Inequality Poverty reduction has been the slowest in Assam after 2005 Poverty rate, 2005
Annual decline in poverty rate, 2012 Annual decline in poverty rate,2005 2005 --2012 (%)(%)
0
10
20
30
-1
40
50
60
70
80
High poverty, declining slowly
AS
-3
JH CG UP
-5
MP
KA
-7
WB
-9
BH
All India
OD
Data for 19 large states and All India. Low Income States are highlighted in orange.
GJ HR
-11
RJ KL PJ
-13
TN
HP
-15
Low poverty, declining fast
MH
UK AP
-17
Assam is home to a larger share of India’s poor relative to its population bubble size: number of poor (millions)
UP
20
Data for 19 large states and All India. Low Income States are highlighted in yellow.
BH
15
What % of India’s poor lives in this state?
Stateshare share in poor, 20122012 (%) (%) State in India’s India’s poor,
25
MP
10
MH
JH
5
OD
HP
0
WB
RJ
CG GJ
AS
0
KA
HR KL UK PJ
5
TN
AP
10
15
20
State sharein inIndia’s India’s population, 20122012 (%) (%) State share population,
4
June 20, 2017
25
Interpreting the graph Share of poor > share of population
e ar Sh
or po of
e ar sh
of
n io at ul p po
=
Share of poor < share of population
What % of India’s population lives in this state?
Assam
Poverty, Growth & Inequality Consumption inequality is increasing in Assam, a lot more in urban areas Gini coefficient 0.4 0.35 0.31
0.3
0.28 0.25
0.2
0.20
0.22
0.22 0.18
0.19
0.1
0.0 Total
Rural
■ 1994
■ 2005
Urban
■ 2012
Consumption inequality in Assam is lower than in most other states Gini coefficient, 2012 0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1 KL DL KA MH AR TN AI HR WB MP CG UP
Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.
5
June 20, 2017
PJ
HP GA UK AP GJ MZ OD JK JH RJ AS TR NL BH SK MG MN