Improving Occupational Health & Safety Standards within the Ship Dismantling Industry through Accident, Incident & Near Miss Investigation and Reporting R.E. Kurt, S.A. McKenna, B. Doyduk Attila, O. Turan 9th April 2013
Overview • Introduction • Ship Dismantling in Turkey • Accident investigation and reporting in Turkey • Health and safety background • Proposed methodology for ship dismantling • Conclusions
Introduction • Occupational health and safety conditions in dismantling yards and environmental concerns • Triggered new regulations – International Maritime Organisation’s (IMO) Hong Kong Convention – EU’s Ship Recycling Regulation
Ship Dismantling in Turkey
§ Currently Aliaga In More 2012 than ismore the there 1000 only than are workers location 280 more ships are than where employed have 20 ship facilities beenin in operation dismantling recycled Aliaga Ship in Aliaga. is Recycling allowed Yards
Ship Dismantling in Turkey Regulatory Framework • Regulation on Ship Dismantling • Turkish Labour Law 4857 • Turkish Social Insurance and Universal Health Insurance Law 5510 • Both laws 4857 and 5510 enforce that work accident and occupational disease needs to be reported
Ship Dismantling in Turkey • From 2003 onwards HSE conditions in Aliaga have been improved • Due to the changes in laws to adopt EU regulations, when compared to the other main ship dismantling nations, Turkey has taken the lead and initiative to improve, workers occupational health and safety and training. • Next step can be the adaptation of a proper accident and near misses system in the Aliaga ship dismantling yards.
Health and Safety (UK) • On average 250 employees and self-employed people are killed each year in the workplace (HSE, 2001). • A further 150 000 sustain major injuries or injuries that mean they are absent from work for more than three days. • Over 2.3 million cases of ill health at work (HSE, 2003). • Over 40 million days are lost through work injuries and ill health, at a cost of £2.5 billion (HSE, 1999) & (EU, 2001).
The fact is; • Same accidents tend to happen again and again • It is critical to have a detailed investigation and analysis of work-related accidents, incidents and near misses – so that lesson can be learned, – measures put in place and – procedures changed
Proposed Methodology • Based on HSE’s proven RIDDOR process • Within any accident investigation there is a clear process that should be carried out in order to achieve the following outputs (HSE, 2001): – determining the cause of the accident and suggestions on how to prevent similar accidents. – determining if any broken legal requirements – determining the cost of the accident, – determining compliance with applicable safety regulations, – help process workers' compensation claims.
Adverse Event
Accident
Near Miss
Undesired Circumstance
Source: HSE (UK)
Accident Investigation Flow Adverse Event
Emergency Response (Accident)
Preliminary Investigation and Reporting to the Regulatory Authority
Accident Investigation Technique
Risk Control Action Plan
Accident Investigation EU FP7 DIVEST Project listed and compared the accident investigation techniques following are the findings: • For an accident investigation technique to satisfy the needs of the ship dismantling industry, must address and incorporate the following characteristics: – Easy to use, implement and understand – Requires a minimum amount of people – Must strike a balance between time taken and investigation quality – Identify the core reason for the adverse event – Allow for easy implementation of mitigating actions
Accident Investigation Process
Deviation Investigation Deviation investigation, is an extension of the risk analysis method known as deviation analysis (Harms-Ringdahl, 2009) 1
• Summarise The Accident Sequence
2
• Iden7fy Devia7ons
3
• Assess Devia7ons
4
• Propose Safety Measures
Aliaga Test Case AIM: To identify if the deviation investigation KEYPOINTS: method is applicable accident investigation • Are standard procedures available? in a ship dismantling • Are they applicablefacility and being used? • Are they keen on developing or editing procedures? • such 2 different accidents investigated • • If standard procedures wouldrecorded be available, Workers response has been is deviation investigation analysis method applicable to ship dismantling business? • Are they keen on implementing such system.
Conclusion It is predicted that with the introduction of standard procedures then deviation investigation can be applied in a ship dismantling context. Following are important: • Reporting of adverse events to the appropriate authorities • Responsibilities and Representation • Standard Procedures
Conclusion
Deviation investigation technique will be introduced and taught to Turkish Ship dismantling yard managers during the 1st pilot of Ship DIGEST Project
Acknowledgement This paper is part of EU funded LLP Ship DIGEST project. We are also grateful for the cooperation of ship dismantling yards operating in Aliaga Turkey.