O. SUB . UMBRA . FLORE
The word “responsibility” refers to the capacity (ability) to respond. We should be sufficiently competent to respond whether at work, in our studies, or at home to undertake our allotted tasks. If we are slow to respond or we are not fully able to reply to a request, we will be accused of being incompetent. On the other hand, if we define our priorities and focus on responding as soon as possible, our competence is evident and we will be considered responsible. Every task demands responsibility to the extent of our capability. Then, opportunities will increase and greater trust will be placed on us to undertake new and bigger responsibilities. The key factor is trust. Others will trust us, often without previously having made a request, and we should be worthy of this trust and respond with integrity to ensure the desired result. Responsibility cannot exist without trust. Responsibility is the engine and trust is the fuel. It is possible to be well prepared, with titles and certificates gained from studies, and have a big desire to undertake things in an orderly and comprehensive fashion, but if a person does not have trust in our ability to act responsibly, everything ends there. This is what Baden-Powell discovered in the siege of Mafeking. He put his trust in the cadets and they responded magnificently to this trust. Resulting from this, he decided to create the patrol system, a system in which each member of the team (the scout patrol) was assigned to a different responsibility. The eldest is assumed to be the leader (patrol leader) and he/she is in charge of leading them to victory and turning a small group into friends who worked together and for each other. This great experiment in placing trust within the Scout Movement to undertake responsibilities has transformed the lives of many young people around the world. Since the foundation of Scouting, millions of people have learnt responsibility, whether children, students, parents, professionals, executives, teachers, sportsmen, scientists, artists, citizens, church ministers, etc. As a result of their efforts, the Scout Movement has shown that children and young people are worthy of trust. Be prepared to serve Raul Sanchez Vaca Regional Director World Scout Bureau Interamerican Region
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OFFICIAL LAUNCH 28 September 2011, Jeddah Saudi Arabi The “Messengers of Peace” (MOP) will have its official launch on 28th September 2011 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in presence of King Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, King of Saudi Arabia, and King Carl XVI Gustav, King of Sweden. MOP is a 10-year initiative for the 161 member countries of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) to involve individual Scouts and National Scout Organizations from all regions in peace-building activities. It is created to capitalize on the success of the “Gifts of Peace” project that were run during the centenary year. MOP Project has now two components: Global Network and the Global Fund. Presently, over 12,000 have already registered for the Global Network and US$37 Million Total Amount is guaranteed for the project, of which US$25 Million is allocated for the Global Fund MoP pilot project for the Inter American Region. In the Inter American Region, a project on the island of Dominica, to strengthen Scouting in the country and attract more young people from different social classes and a project in Colombia, to promote Scouting in the lower strata of society, are seeking to be the first to be funded. Regional Participation Representatives from the Asia-Pacific Region attending the official launch are Bangladesh, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Korea, Pakistan and Philippines. Watch Online A live web-stream from Saudi Arabia will be available to make sure that as many Scouts as possible can follow the launch online. Updates about the launch will be emailed to the widest possible Scout audience and will be published on www.scout.org
http://scoutmessengers.com
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VOLVO ADVENTURE The Volvo Adventure is developed in collaboration with a program of United Nations for the Environment and the educational aims the reward a group of young people to develop projects for the Environment that have a positive impact on the community. The Participation is open to the young people worldwide with aged between 13 and 16 years. The teams must be composed of two and no more than five youth with adult support. Brazil was among the finalists in the 2008 and 2009 editions of the Volvo Adventure, winning 4th place in both editions. In 2008, the Group Scout Tupinambรกs (44/RS) to the project "carbon credits" and in 2009 the Scout Group Guaraicรก (33/PR) to the project "Solar Heating green". The deadline for submission of proposals is January 31, 2012. The best projects will win a trip with all expenses paid to Gothenburg, Sweden. The award for the classifieds: 1st Place: $ 10,000.00 2nd Place: $ 6,000.00 3rd Place: $ 4,000.00 The entries must be made out on the page www.volvoadventure.org For more information about Volvo Adventure: http://www.volvoadventure.org/va_scoutentry.aspx
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HELLO WORLD!... JOTI 2011 all the accounts running and ready to get questions about Kandersteg from all over the world or to just leisurely chat with other fellow scouts. We were also joined by some Dutch Scouts that were staying with us (to help out closing down the campsite) as well as some Spanish Scouts that were really interested in what was going on in our lobby, after all there were quite a lot of computers and wires spread throughout the coffee bar, an unusual sight in that guest area. The JOTI, an international event in itself, seems even more exciting here in Kandersteg as you see Scouts from different nationalities sitting in one room, chatting with Scouts from other parts of the world. It is great to see the excitement in everyone’s faces when a contact has been established to another JOTI station from one of the Pinkies’ home countries. We had great connections with a lot of new people, but also with Scouts that have already been guests at KISC before and to Ex-Pinkies, one of which was Andrew from Scotland, summer 2011! October is the moth for JOTA/JOTI, and this year Kandersteg International Scout Centre took part of the Jamboree on the Internet (JOTI) for the first time and joined the world-wide chat. It was an interesting week for us, with floodings at the beginning of that week that cut off our internet connection, so no one was sure if we would be able to participate in JOTI after all, but thanks to our phone company the internet blackout only lasted two days until the connection was relayed via satellite, so we could join in after all. At around 7pm (GMT+1) Saturday evening, our Pinkies started to set up all their computers, five in total plus a sixth one used to transmit a live stream from the Centre’s coffee bar, from where we were sitting, connected to the world. Of course we had our share of technical difficulties; first, half of the computers couldn’t connect to the internet because the wireless signal wasn’t strong enough in front of reception. As soon as we had this issue solved, the first Pinkie, Rikke from Denmark, connected to the mIRC client and started chatting to fellow scouts from Scandinavia. After that we realized we had only registered one username in advance, which proved to be troublesome as we couldn’t all connect at the same time with just one. Quickly, all participants were registering with last-minute nicknames so that we were using from kisc_pinkie1 to kisc_pinkie7, even a kisc_greenie, operated by two helpers, Bento from Portugal and Paula from Germany, came to life. After the bumpy start, we got
On behalf of Rikke (DK), Laura (AU), Su (KR), Jenneke (NL), Paula (DE), Miguel (MX), Johan (SE), Jon (UK), Jack (UK) and Bento (PT), the entire “KISC JOTI Team”, we hope you also had an awesome JOTI, and look forward to link with you next year! Pol Felten (LU) PR & Marketing Assistant Kandersteg International Scout Centre
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NEW STAFF AT THE WOLRD SCOUT BUREAU AMERICAN REGION
José Gabriel Criollo Institutional Development Director “Having lived the scout experience to the full during my early formative years, it captured my imagination and endowed me with skills. These pointed me in directions I had not thought about in which I faced up to challenges and derived satisfaction.” - Lawyer with nearly twenty years of experience in the practice of law and twelve in the area of private security, currently engaged in the design, implementation and evaluation of polygraph tests. Scout since he was 9 years old. - Diploma in Strategic Project Management Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Vzla. 2010-2011 -Master of Environmental Management Institute Polytechnic University of the armed forces. Ccs., Vzla. 1996-1998 - Attorney Andres Bello Catholic University, Caracas, Vzla. 1987-1992.
Mauricio Veayra Youth Program Director
“I like being part of a large team as well as coordinating groups to achieve objectives. I have the necessary vision to design and employ skills to evaluate the long and short term benefits of a youth programme ; I am convinced the Scout Movement is the most appropriate non formal type of education and I want to contribute so that it reaches out to the youth of our region.” - Study at the University Chapingo, Chapingo Edo. Of Mexico. 1985 - 1991 - Forest Engineer in Forestry Oriented. - It was National Commissioner of educational programs in the Scout Association of Mexico, from 2004 to 2010. Among the most relevant functions carried out is the adaptation of the Youth Program to the national context to make it more attractive and higher quality for young people in Mexico, producing basic literature and program support, management of activities national coordinating the work of the subcommittees national training program and zonal teams in the field of educational program. - Consultant Educational Methods for the Scout Association of Ecuador since October 2010.
RalfAdultDillmann Trau Resources Director “I believe that having already experienced what life has to offer in three sectors (private, public and non governmental), I now have the necessary skills to observe and evaluate situations from different perspectives with a view to deriving solutions and strategies as required by a particular situation.” Electronics Engineer. Political Science consultant specializing in youth development. National Director of Adult Resources for the Colombian Scout Association from 2002 to 2003 and from May 2009 to the present Qualified Adult Trainer. Experienced in Strategic Planning and in designing, assembling and executing projects. Competent in computing, webpage management and audio and video systems. I have been a Member of the Scout Movement since the age of nine and have held different responsibilities within Colombian Scout Movement. I have developed materials for training of adults within the movement and provided a number of courses.
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CHOCOLATE One of the flavors, aromas, and colors most recognized in the world and the area of food that is a favorite worldwide... from the youngest to the eldest of the house. In addition to the delightful taste, chocolate gives us a lot of nutrients, antioxidants, and amine that enhances our health and spirits. Chocolate is a food that is made by mixing sugar with two products derived from the seeds of cacao: a solid (cocoa paste) and fat (cocoa butter). From this basic combination, they create different kinds of chocolate. Cocoa butter constitutes approximately 30%. It consists mainly of stearic acid (35%), a saturated fat that has a property that does not raise blood cholesterol levels. The origins of the cacao tree (Theobroma Cacao) is unknown, but some theories say that it began to spread in the tropical lowlands of South America, the Orinoco River basin, and the Amazon River, extending gradually to reach southeastern Mexico. Others argue that the opposite happened – it spread from southeastern Mexico to the Amazon River basin. What is certain is that the earliest evidence of human use is in Mexican territory, which was long occupied by pre-Hispanic cultures. Chocolate adds a lot of potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium and a lower amount of calcium that increases considerably in cocoa with milk. Chocolate also contains vitamins such as B1, folic acid, B2, B6, B3, vitamin A, and vitamin E. It provides about 500 calories per 100 grams consumed. However, the cocoa powder provides about 350 calories per 100 grams due to the processing that removes the fat. The energy capacity of cocoa consumption makes it especially useful in situations that require a concentrated energy supply, which can consume lots of energy with little
amount of food. Besides being a delicious food suitable for breakfast and snacks, it is also suitable for situations that require extra power supply such as camps, excursions, and sports. This feature increases when energy is added to cocoa sugar, nuts, honey, etc,.but you have a set of criteria at the time of inclusion in the diet. Do not forget that the food is high in calories, so it is inadvisable for young people who are overweight. For people with diabetes, it is counterproductive due to their high sugar content. It is advisable to people who suffer from diarrhea, since cocoa is rich in tannin, a component that helps foster constipation.
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The Scout Association of Guyana recently held its 5th Annual Backwoodsman Cooking Competition and its 3rd Annual Stove-Top Cooking Competition at Scout Headquarters on Woolford Avenue. Seven Cub Scout teams took part in this year’s Stove-Top Cooking Competition. Each team was tasked with preparing Breakfast as leaders and parents looked on eagerly to see what these 7 to 11 year olds would manage to whip up. It was evident that sausage and eggs are a definite favourite for the cubs. Some of them even tackled the ever sustaining porridge and perfectly textured baked custard. These little ones were most impressive and worked well as teams under pressure and time constraints. They made their leaders and parents very proud and I’m sure many parents can now look forward to breakfast in bed on those special days.
The judges were treated to perfectly baked custard, roast beef, baked fish, bar-be-que chicken, boiled eggs, potato salad, fruit salad, soups and several other dishes. These Scouts proved that they can definitely survive without the everyday luxuries they are accustomed to having. They are excellent cooks.
1st Place went to St. Stanislaus Scout Group, they were also awarded the certificate for Best Taste.
1st Place and the certificate for Best Backwoodsman 3-course meal went to first timers Police Ft. Wellington Scout Group.
2nd Place went to first timers Police Ft. Wellington Scout Group, they were also awarded certificates for Best Presentation and Best Table Setting.
2nd Place and the certificate for Best Taste went to St. Stanislaus Scout Group.
3rd Place went to Police Georgetown Scout Group, they were awarded the certificate for Best Breakfast. Police Linden Scout Group was awarded the certificate for Best Team Effort.
For the Venturers: 1st Place went to Brickdam Cathedral Scout Group, they were also awarded certificates for Best Taste and Best Presentation. With just a difference of one point 2nd Place went to Queen’s College Scout Group, they were awarded certificates for Best Backwoodsman 3-Course Meal and Best Team Effort. For the Explorers:
3rd Place and the certificate for Best Presentation went to Police Linden Scout Group. The Best Team Effort certificate went to Police Georgetown Scout Group
Fourteen teams took part in this year’s Backwoodsman competition. Three Venture Teams and Eleven Explorer Teams. Each team was required to prepare a 3-Course Meal. These teams really got creative and showed us they could definitely think outside the box. With no pots, pans or regular utensils we saw them embracing nature as they made perfect use of the calabash, coconut shells and bamboo. Hot embers (coals) were used to prepare delicious meals.
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Green Planet
The Soil Engineers
Ing. Agron. Minor Serrano Mora.
The humus of the earthworm is an organic and biological fertilizer which helps improve soil structure, a fundamental characteristic in the stability of the micro environment. Since it does not lead to fermentation or putrefaction, bad odors are not present with humus and it is highly soluble allowing for rapid absorption by plant roots. It produces growth in plants, trees, and bushes as well as protects from diseases and sudden changes in humidity and temperature when transplanted. On average, an adult earthworm weighing a gram eats the equivalent of its own weight each day, of which it excretes 60% in the form of humus. Earthworm humus is blackish in color, granulated, homogeneous, and gives off the not unpleasant odor of fresh earth. Earthworm manure is a fertilizer which protects the earth from erosion and improves the physical-chemical characteristics of the soil making it more water absorbent. This product or item can be stored for long periods without changing its properties, but must be kept under optimum humidity conditions.
type of organic matter to create a fertilizer rich in essential nutrients.
Earthworm cultivation and compost are examples of agricultural practices based on the decomposition of organic matter which extracts nutrients for use in preventing soil erosion and meeting demand for fertilizers used in agriculture.
For some time, a species known as the Californian Red Earthworm, scientific name “Eisenia fetida”, has been used. It is named after the state in the United States were its properties were discovered, although it is likely there are a number of other similar species yet to be discovered. These days the product is available as fertilizer as well as in processed liquid forms, the latter being used to fertilize foliage.
Traditional organic matter developed from different animal manure, vegetable leftovers, or a mixture of both act as fertilizers. Earthworm cultivation is considered a form of biotechnology and uses a kind of domesticated earthworm and recycles all
Earthworm cultivation is a business with a great future and is the quickest and most efficient way to recover agricultural areas or damaged soils.
In the same way, these products can be applied to vegetable gardens and domestic plants, and the result is the eating of cleaner and healthier vegetables free of chemicals.
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In late 2011 the Scout Association of Peru carry out CENTENARY JAMBOREE, in celebration of 100 years of Scouting and develop a camp that promises to deliver the best adventures, exchanges and challenges for the hundreds of participants enrolled in this great event which carries the theme "Adventure 4ever." Lima (the capital of Peru) will host from the December 28, 2011 to January 4, 2012, the date set for this great Jamboree, this beautiful and interesting city oers visitors a variety of tourist attractions for young people. The 8th National Jamboree Peru, invites all Scouts Associations the world to participate in this great adventure, full of challenges, tournaments, conferences forest, music workshops, dance workshops, tourism, contests and year end party.
During the "Centennial Jamboree", participants will share experiences and activities through a wide and varied program, which will promote participation, integration, brotherhood and solidarity, facilitating positive experiences in the audience. To Scouts and Guides, Venturers, Rovers / Guides, Patrol, Leaders and Guiders. The "Centennial Jamboree" promotes youth participation by delegations at Patrol, Venturer and Rover teams, facilitating administrative procedures and participation in the program of activities, structure to facilitate coexistence for a week in the values promoted Scout Law. WE ARE WAITING FOR YOU! For more information on registration process for the Centennial Jamboree contactedthrough the Department of Administration Centennial Jamboree: jamboree.centenario.peru@scout.org.pe
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Talking about Tent
Víctor Correa M.
It is now common to own tents with flooring, different designs, colors, and makes. Some are for mountains, hills, beaches as well as for individuals or up to twelve people. If you wish, you can even purchase a mattress to sleep comfortably. For me, this is a justifiable expense given it is one of the important aspects of camping. Can you imagine what it was like in earlier times with regard to the tent when preparing to go camping? You have to take into account there was no flooring but canvas, and each member of the troop had to carry it. Well, after investigating the matter, I can say that selection should be based on design and material. In those days, some opted to make their own rather than buy. It was a laborious process requiring careful measuring. Once this was done, the outline had to be traced on the material before being cut. A cord and a slate pencil were used. Finally, it was sown and waterproofed after which it was tested in the open and errors were corrected. The design of these tents was known as Canadian style or as “two waters”.
It consisted in dissolving 225 grams of laundry soap in four gallons of tepid water and, once the soap had dissolved, submerging the tent for an hour turning it over a few times. The tent was then wrung and left hanging so as to dry completely. The next step was to dissolve 115 grams of alum in four liters of hot water. Next it was submerged for four hours to make sure the whole surface was covered. After taking it out without wringing, it was hung in the shade in a ventilated area. As you will realize this was somewhat troublesome.
There were different ways of waterproofing a tent. One known method was to paste metallic salt on the fabric of the material, a process known as “Alum and Lead Sugar”.
As with all these procedures, Scouts were pleased to go camping, having got this troublesome process behind them, and proud of their tents despite their weight. Needless to say, this concern no longer exists, thanks to the material they are now made from.
Two containers were required; the first was used to dissolve 115 grams of alum in four liters of hot water. The other was used to dissolve 115 grams of lead sugar, in reality lead oil, in four liters of water.
Today, one only has to get used to these new types of tents, which are light, comfortable, and easy to set up at the desired site. Also, if one so wished, it is possible to purchase a spray to waterproof.
After waiting for the two solutions to clear, mixing them, and waiting for four to five hours for the white sulphate lead to settle, the clear solution was then poured away and the contents left to be absorbed by the material to be waterproofed. Next, it was left overnight and, in the morning, removed and left to dry. There was another way of waterproofing called “Alum and Soap”.
The word “alum” appears several times in this article and it is no more than a sulphate synthetic made from aluminum and potassium, or an analogical compound made up of astringent properties to secure the dye and clear the water. On another occasion, I will explain how, in those days, Scouts used to purify the water.
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A MERITED HONOR FOR THE GUIDES AND SCOUTS OF COSTA RICA Delegate of the General Assembly of Costa Rica – Walter Cespedes Salazar
We give a left-handed handshake to the Association of Guides and Scouts of Costa Rica as all deputies unanimously agreed in acknowledging a centennial organization, whose values and dedication to social works have shown their commitment to God, country, and home. History records activities such as the Telethon, lengthy attendances at emergency situations, and, above all, education based on sound principles of solidarity, delivery, responsibility, and “learning by doing”. A standing ovation goes to all those who have left their mark in the Guides and Scouts Movement of Costa Rica. This country recognizes where homage is due, as has been acknowledged by the Legislative Assembly in declaring this institution an Honor to the Nation. Today, we recognize the integrity and the disciplined solidarity which characterizes the institution and, in which we have confidence in entrusting tasks requiring loyalty, friendship, obedience, and cleanliness. You, who are members of the Pack, the Troop, or the Crew, have earned our respect. We also acclaim all those who have devoted their free time to instill in our children “to leave the world a better place” and for providing examples of good men and women. We also pay homage to the parents of the children and young people who participate in these groups across the country and who form part of the generation which seeks to change the world. How is it not possible to recognize these children whose faith in God, the country, and in themselves, who hold very spiritual views with honesty and joy, and enthusiastically work in groups? We recognize them as emblematic and as providers of an alternative for the children of our country. This movement welcomes people regardless of social and economic distinction who seek to integrate and work for the interests of others. The movement has its origin in the initiative of the Englishman Robert Baden-Powell who, in 1907, organized the first experimental camp with twenty-four boys from different social backgrounds, dividing them into four patrols. The result was so emphatic that the following year, he published a book called “Scouting for Boys”, a book which was translated into five languages. Scouting develops the character of children and young people, instilling completion of tasks, civic responsibility, respect for others, and physical, mental, and spiritual development through extra school activities. The movement has also defined an environment which respects nature, stimulates personal habits, and social responsibility of each young person, instilling generous ideals, personal development, and orientation towards community service. The movement’s work and labor over a 100 years demands that this Legislative Assembly, in a very worthy and acknowledged act, encourage and perpetuate the presence of Scouts in our national life.
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SCOUTS, MOUNTAINS & KOALAS! conferences
forest,
music
workshops,
dance
workshops, tourism, contests and year end party. During the "Centennial Jamboree", participants will share experiences and activities through a wide and varied program, which will promote participation, integration, brotherhood and solidarity, facilitating positive experiences in the audience. To Scouts and Guides, Walkers, Rovers / Guides, Patrol OďŹƒcers, Leaders and Guiders.
In late 2011 the Scout Association of Peru carried out CENTENARY JAMBOREE, in celebration of 100 years of Scouting and develop a camp that promises to deliver the best adventures, exchanges and challenges for the hundreds of participants enrolled in this great event which carries the theme "Adventure 4ever." Lima (the capital of Peru) will host from the December 28, 2011 to January 4, 2012, the date set for this great Jamboree, this beautiful and interesting city oers visitors a variety of tourist attractions for young people.
The
"Centennial
Jamboree"
promotes
youth
participation by delegations at Patrol, Venturer and Rover teams, facilitating administrative procedures and participation in the program of activities, structure to facilitate coexistence for a week in the values promoted Scout Law. WE ARE WAITING FOR YOU! For more information on registration process for the Centennial
Jamboree
contactedthrough
the
Department of Administration Centennial Jamboree: jamboree.centenario.peru@scout.org.pe
The 8th National Jamboree Peru, invites all Scouts Associations the world to participate in this great adventure, full of challenges, tournaments,
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Subregional Meeting of the Institutional Development Network in Paraguay The meeting was held from November 11 to 13 with the participation of Scout leaders from Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, at the home of the Scouts of Paraguay. Some topics that were analyzed and discussed were: Scout Organization as an institution, the Governance in the Scout Organization, Territorial Animation, Leadership in Scouting, Route to Excellence, Regional Plan, and Movement vs. Organization. These issues have been addressed in this and other meetings of the RDI in the other subregions. Central American Scout Summit in Panama. The leaders of Scouting in Central America gathered to celebrate their summit in the World Scout Bureau, Interamerican Region, which brought together leaders of Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panama. The first day was devoted to an issue of great importance, "Protection of Children and Adolescents." Panama Scouts carried out the work to get some local exhibitors from the National Secretariat for Children, Youth and Family. The second day the Summit itself was held, in which each participating association presented the most relevant aspects that are taking place, sharing success stories, and making the invitation to upcoming events . Interamerican Scout Committee Meeting Trinidad and Tobago – Port of Spain. The ISC held its third regular session of 2011. Also present were the Secretary General of the World Scout Movement, Luc Panissod, members of the World Scout Committee, Karin Ahlbak, John Philpot representing the Conference of Caribbean Chief Commissioners, and Daniel Simoncic, member of the Organizing Committee of the World Scout Moot in Canada 2013. The meeting discussed several interesting topics for the Region, reviewed the progress on the Regional Plan, the 2011-2012 budget, upcoming regional events, among others. The Interamerican Youth Network also presented their activity report. Since that weekend coincided with JOTA-JOTI, the Secretary-General was connected to send his message to the millions of Scouts through the radio waves. Visit of the Secretary-General to the Scout Association of Venezuela. Days prior to his participation in the Interamerican Scout Meeting, our Secretary General, Luc Panissod, visited Venezuela to conduct various meetings and activities with the Scouts de Venezuela. They performed a ceremony in which the Secretary-General, accompanied by the Regional Director placed a wreath at the monument to Robert Baden-Powell, placed in a central square in the capital city, Caracas. That day they also made a visit to the facilities of the National Scout Office and then held a meeting with members of the National Scout Board to discuss the difficult economic situation facing the country and how this has affected the Scout movement in this country. They also held a press conference in which Luc Panissod spoke about the worldwide Scout Movement and how it has continued growing.
Subregional Meeting of the Institutional Development Network Ecuador - Quito. This meeting was attended by leaders of the Scout Associations of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. The subjects were the same as in the other sub-regional meetings of this network: Scout Organization as an institution, the Governance in the Scout Organization, Territorial Animation, Leadership in Scouting, Route to Excellence, Regional Plan, and Movement vs. Organization. The level of discussion and debate was very high and very participatory.
TTT course in Costa Rica The Central American subregion had a "second level" course at the Iztarú School Field of the Association Guides and Scouts of Costa Rica, with the presence of scouts leaders from Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and the Dominican Republic. The course was led by Rafe Lucado, Interamerican Scout Committee member and President of the National Association of Scouts of Panama, and assisted by trainers Rudy Marin, Ralf Dillmann, and Raul Sanchez.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This newsletter was made by the contribution and the efford of:
• Luis Bethancourt • Víctor Correa M. • Ramón Guerra • Vivian Huacuja • Minor Serrano Mora • Scott Teare • Kandersteg International Scout Centre
Visita: www.lacvox.net
You can be part of the Mundus Novus ... Send us your stories about any activity that has taken place in your National Scout Organization so the world will know it. Tell us at: interamerica@scout.org
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