UTC: The City We Need: fosters inclusive prosperity

UTC

05

The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity 5 – 8 October 2015 Niua, India UTC

2 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Disclaimer: The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication pages do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries regarding its economic system or degree of development. Excerpts may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, UN-Habitat, the United Nations and its member states.

3 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Contents Urban Thinkers Campus in figures.............................................................................................................................................. 4 Introduction................................................................................................................................................................................. 5 The City We Need principle(s) addressed.................................................................................................................................. 5 Matrix of linkages - TCWN 1.0 vs. new recommendations....................................................................................................... 6 Key outcomes of the UTC........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Key recommendations.............................................................................................................................................................. 10 Key actors................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Outstanding issues................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Urban solutions......................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Speaker..................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 List of all countries present...................................................................................................................................................... 15 List of organizations present................................................................................................................................................... 15

4 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Urban Thinkers Campus in figures

22

236

COUNTRIES REPRESENTED

PARTICIPANTS

9

CONSTITUENT GROUPS REPRESENTED

14

ORGANIZATIONS

5 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Introduction

The focal theme: ‘The city we need fosters inclusive prosperity’ was in

New Urban Agenda. In order to enable this, the UTC India was planned

accordance with the Honourable Prime Minister’s vision for ‘Sabka saath,

with participation by various constituent groups responsible for drafting of

Sabka vikas’ and the emerging global discourse on prosperity of cities.

recommendations on the last day.

With the new urban sector missions in India focused towards achieving economic vibrancy and liveability through urban transformations for growth and access to amenities for all, cross learning between missions and sustained engagement between all sectors including corporate institutions and business leaders is crucial. With this in mind, UTC India

The City We Need principle(s) addressed

was designed in consultation with UNGCN India, Cities Alliance, DFID, Bernard van Leer Foundation, Asian Development Bank, Research Councils

1. The CWN is economically vibrant and inclusive

UK, WIEGO, Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and India Habitat Centre.

2. The CWN is affordable and promotes the right to the city

The new urban sector missions in India also promise to integrate key

3. The CWN is well-planned, financed and governed

themes of the global discourses towards HABITAT III. Hence, it was important to deliberate upon the linkages between Government of India’s new urban sector missions, the Sustainable Development Goals and the

4. The CWN is resilient

6 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Matrix of linkages - TCWN 1.0 vs. new recommendations The key recommendations of UTC India including empowerment of youth and children, women and better facilities for homeless groups are very strongly interlinked with the first City We Need principle i.e. The City We Need is Socially Inclusive. UTC India principles such as the need for inclusive prosperity and the emphasis on skill development are linked with the City We Need principle of The City We Need is Economically Vibrant and Inclusive. A matrix which highlights the impact and link of the UTC India City We Need Recommendations and the existing City We Need principles has been detailed in figure below.

Existing Principles

Proposed Principles

Key outcomes of the UTC The UTC India was structured into the initial part that consisted of the plenary sessions, the city we need debate and the panel discussions. Some of the key outcomes highlighted:

• The need for advocating shared responsibility and the need to re-write the social contract between business, society and the government.

• The need for balanced growth through both economic and social inclusion, and linking of CSR initiatives with implementation and monitoring of urban planning policies and programmes through joint private and public frameworks for measuring policy outcomes.

• Inclusion of the corporate sector was also felt to be crucial as it has the possibility of bringing in global good practices. However, appropriate governance structures need to be framed and the local governments

• The importance of establishing dialogues with stakeholder groups and building of large collaboration of partners representing different perspectives was emphasized.

need to be made more accountable for creating better business environments.

7 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

• With the transforming relationship between center, state and local government, urban development was pointed out as the shared

programmes to focus on something more substantial for our cities than merely making them liveable and economically stronger.

responsibility of the three-tiered government, with an urgent need to have an integrated urban policy within the established framework of cooperative federalism.

The thematic and urban thinkers sessions primarily focused on understanding inclusive prosperity and its related aspects. Key outcomes of these discussions included:

• Facilitating individual prosperity by providing livelihood options at an institutional level was felt important specifically in planning spaces to accommodate the informal sector and improve the ‘ease of doing business’ especially for the poor to provide them an opportunity to prosper.

• Shared prosperity which is at the heart of poverty reduction requires to

• People, practices, institutions, resources and discourses were felt to be key factors for urban inclusion. Besides the qualities of respect,

come through in inclusive economic development and job creation with planned urbanization being key to that.

dignity, citizen rights and rights to livelihood were discussed as a major necessity for inclusion.

• The lack of access to land and tenure security was the main hurdle in integrating the informal sector into the formal planning process, noting

• Evidence in research has indicated that while growth has been important

that land, which includes shelter, access to services, and space for

in reducing poverty, those who are at the lower end of distribution

carrying out various occupations was essential for ensuring health, and

have hardly benefitted, emphasizing the urgent need for policies and

safety of the workers to increase productivity.

8 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

• Supporting and working with membership-based organizations of informal workers was discussed as a key strategy to address urban poverty and to work towards better planned, inclusive cities.

• The importance of considering home as workplace in addition to living space, reflecting an understanding of how people use their

NIUA_India Retweeted @urbancampaign

5 Oct 2015

More results from the #ChildrensArtCampus at the @NIUA_India #UrbanThinkers Campus #TheCityWeNeed https://twitter.com/NIUA_India

homes as workspaces, the costs they incur to do so, and the impact that housing conditions and locations have on the productivity of homebased workers by policy makers and planners was discussed.

• A need for scaling up smaller successful initiatives of different organisations working with youth and children to the city level was

• The need for lowering prescribed standards which not necessarily translated into lowering the living standards of people and community

crucial to be institutionalized to influence the development plan for the city - Master plan, Zonal Plan etc.

based design solutions are crucial to provide good quality living environments.

• Structuring academic and research interventions to ensure inclusive prosperity in planning of cities was discussed:

• The need for more consultative master planning exercises by enhancing and institutionalizing participation was discussed.

• The need to interlink and balance research and practice and the need to emphasis regional institutions was discussed so that urbanization

• Inclusion of various stakeholders particularly children in planning and

issues are more contextualized instead of focusing on just large cities.

shaping urban environments was felt important especially since 53% of India’s population consists of children and youth. Young people having

• The need for producing vibrant public spaces or urban commons

skills and knowledge are capable of sensible, realistic suggestions (not

to ensure greater community level inclusion instead of private and

self-centered).

commodified spaces was discussed. Inclusion of alternatives to sprawling, auto-dependent areas, revitalization of downtowns and inner-city neighborhoods, environment concerns, creation of lively, interesting neighborhoods and commercial areas, and a need to foster sustainable development, were also discussed as essential components of planning curriculum.

• The need for planning students to be exposed to four sectors apart from the current curriculum of universities was discussed which included the functioning of the city to build their knowledge base, managing human settlements keeping in view cultural aspects of the city, planning keeping in view aspects of public security for children, elderly and women, and monitoring and evaluating techniques of projects to ensure institutional accountability.

9 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

• Environmental sustainability, was discussed as each persons or organizations responsibility, especially for the corporate sector which

The Urban Thinkers Sessions focusing on climate change and adaptation discussed the following key issues:

is responsible for maximum damage through exploitation of the resources and degradation of ecology. It was felt important to ensure

• The need for creation of a comprehensive framework bringing

that the corporate sector could promote environmental sustainability,

together

through its CSR activities which included external stakeholders, and,

organizations to develop resilience in cities, and for conservation

through various sustainability initiatives and innovative approaches for

of existing resources such as open spaces and water bodies, was felt

choosing resources, production methods and disposal methods. The

essential.

policy-makers,

planners, developers

and

community

need for the corporate to map sustainability risks and challenges for each sector to know how to mitigate them through projects and other

• The three pillars of a resilience framework- Systems (infrastructure),

initiatives was also discussed. A need to explore indigenous knowledge

Agents (people) and Institutions (laws), while harnessing local

which assures of being context specific for ensuring environmental

knowledge, community advocacy, and micro-resilience planning and

sustainability was considered important.

protection of peri- urban areas was felt essential.

10 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

• For increasing resilience, reduction in consumption, development of

• The final session that discussed the right to the city put forth some

alternative resources, and improvement in quality of existing resources

crucial thoughts, like, whether the discussion for ‘right to the city’

was discussed as key for developing a sustainability framework.

should be restricted merely to the 32% urban population or expanded to the rural population as well in view of migration as a crucial challenge.

• Additionally, the need to incentivize climate changes for which

Another key point raised was that while we have notionally accepted

data collection, and awareness campaigns, providing people with on-

the right to housing why is it that it is forcing the poor to the fringes

ground, real-time information was crucial.

with the spaces of democratic participation for the poor shrinking. Cities need to be seen increasingly as sites for contestation over resources

• One of the key requirements discussed for integrated and multidisciplinary

with the shape of the cities being determined by policies and whom

planning is the need to harmonize various organisations working on ground

they empower. Additionally, the lack of enumeration of the homeless in

to develop an integrated data collection system and a database manage-

census surveys indicates the lack of awareness of numbers and living

ment system especially since data is essential for crucial policy decisions.

conditions amongst administrators and policy makers.

• The session on energy suggested that the importance of economics of development should include policies for promoting sustainable energy solutions for transport and energy efficiency.

• Market driven sustainable energy solutions need to be prioritised

Key recommendations Key Principles have been agreed upon in the constituent group discussions:

for greater adoption and replicability through documentation of best practices and learning.

a. The City We Need should Facilitate Inclusive Prosperity: The city should promote the right to livelihood, shared prosperity,

• Urban morphology was discussed as the key determinant of the city’s energy intensity and hence requires to be careful managed.

• In relation to this, one of the key issues discussed in the panel discussion

skill development, employment linked to industry (manufacturing and services) supported by the private, state and civil society.

b. The City We Need should be Well-Governed: equitable

was the need to curtail resource consumption and carbon emissions,

enforcement of legislations/laws. Should promote people’s

specifically by distributing urbanization to small and medium towns in

participation. Streamline existing legislations. Should be transparent

India, which would meet both the needs of sustainable urbanization and

and accountable. And should be able to encourage an open planning

inclusive prosperity and economic growth was felt.

process.

• The session on municipal finance discussed the need for altering the fiscal architecture of the country so as to strengthen local governance agencies. While leveraging of funds from budgetary sources was meager, the need of alternative sources of municipal finances was

NIUA_India Retweeted

discussed. However, with inadequate monitoring and regulatory

@Studio1652

frameworks, private capital too has been hardly explored. The need for municipal budgets to be more accountable outlining the outcomes and expenditures under the CSR initiative, earmarking for poor, etc was discussed highlighting the need for city budgets to be audited. The need for a reliable database for city budgets was discussed.

4 Oct 2015

#UrbanThinkers Campus India #ChildrensArtCampus Now in session #citiesforpeople @NIUA_India @ urbancampaign https://twitter.com/Studio1652/status/650920857787723777

11 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

c. The City We Need should Consume Minimum Resources: Efficient/equitable use of resources and replenishing of resources

g. The City We Need should Emphasize Skill Development: Incentive based employment

(‘replenish more than what we use’).

d. The City We Need is Where Youth and Children are Secure and Empowered: recognition, empowerment, awareness,

h. The City We Need should Empower Women, Build their Capacities and provide Adequate and Basic Services: Key policy changes that were suggested were to; provide ample enablers

increased effective accessibility to basic amenities, opportunities for

and safeguards to secure women financially, strengthen existing

personal development, addressing issues of vulnerability.

communities in urban areas for both for knowledge dissemination and to provide services, bring changes in urban design, integrate

e. The City We Need should be Inclusive: barrier free

various sectors of society; academia, media civil society etc. The

movements, better last mile connectivity - for pedestrians, access for

innovative solutions that the group suggested were incorporation of

the disabled to the transit system, city that is safe for children - walk to

e-governance to increase accountability, transparency and connectivity

and from school should be safe, women should be free to move.

in existing systems. And use of technology and urban design to ensure women safety. Safety for women in institutional campuses

f. The City We Need should have Better Facilities for the Homeless: A program that works to move the homeless from sleeping on the sidewalk --> sleeping in shelters (proper safe shelters

i. The City We Need should promote Knowledge-Sharing between agencies: Cross-organizational knowledge sharing.

- safe for all) --> proper housing; Upgrade the sensitivity training to

Knowledge Sharing between development agencies, research

the cops and to other government employees (Not the one they have

institutions, non-governmental organizations and citizen groups for

now); Education of the homeless about their rights - Creation of a nodal

better resource management, participation, and evidence based

database access centre for non profits who work with them. Establish

planning through feedbacks.

means for knowledge sharing; Account for empty housing stock

j. The City we Need is Pedestrian Friendly: Better traffic regulation enforcement - safer city for pedestrian

NIUA_India @NIUA_India

6 Oct 2015

History in the Making! National Campaign on Cities and Human Settlements launched at #UrbanThinkers India @urbancampaign @ UNHABITAT https://twitter.com/NIUA_India/status/651609774040186880

12 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Key actors The core groups that are identified as the key players in the proposed City We Need principles include:

• Chambers of Commerce: Establishing ‘Industry specific Inclusive Skill Development Training and Education Programmes’ to diversify the existing job sectors, and promote industry specific skills based training

• Parliamentary Standing Committee (Elected Representatives) :

for women from low-income sections of the society.

Parliamentary Standing Committee consented to accept the proceedings of UTC India and deliberate upon the recommendations made on it. The

• Citizen groups: Create knowledge sharing platforms and work towards

Committee proposed the Introduction of the City Adoption Programme

increasing self-representative participation of all sections of society.

with support from members of parliament. The Committee also proposed the expansion of the current urban planning, architecture

• NITI Aayog: To take note of the changing social landscape in cities

and engineering educational infrastructure in every state and proposed

and prescribe flexible, city-specific planning norms and look towards

establishing a State Level Urban Development Institute and Nodal

more recognition and inclusion of the informal section in to the fabric of

Urban Development Officer in each district.

planned urban development.

• ULBS: Local Governance: Opportunities for promoting participation from all sections of civil society through e-governance platforms.

Establishing City Level Citizen Engagement Portals.

13 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Outstanding issues

Urban solutions

• Though the UTC India advanced the idea of inclusive prosperity into the urban discourses in India, more needs to be done to establish linkages between the various sub-themes such as local economic development, support for informal sector, skills and entrepreneurships, planning legislation, cohesion and resilience through community planning, financing modalities.

NIUA_India Retweeted @Nafeesmeah

7 Oct 2015

Sri Pinaki Mishra, Chair, Parliamentary committee on Urban devlpmt, at UN Habitat Urban Thinkers Campus https://twitter.com/Nafeesmeah/status/652004951711813632

NIUA_India Retweeted @divya1127

6 Oct 2015

Ashok b lall says we need strategic effective & broadly clear solutions @NIUA_India #UrbanThinkers

• Recognize and institutionalize approaches for ecologically sound urban

https://twitter.com/divya1127/status/651696445737725952

• Promote human rights as one of the core purpose of urban planning.

development process.

• Facilitate the integration of the informal economy in city development strategies.

• The discourse could not capture the strengths and weaknesses of the completed and new urban sector missions in greater details so as to identify their contributions in making Indian cities inclusively prosperous.

NIUA_India Retweeted @urbancampaign

• The permeation of the UTC India deliberations through various means of media was inadequate. This prevented a national level response to the four day consultations.

8 Oct 2015

@NITIAayog S. Khullar calls for a new social contract for inclusive cities through new governance #UrbanThinkers https://twitter.com/urbancampaign/status/652070281519886337

• There were inadequate representation of the Local Government representatives such as Mayors and Commissioners who will be responsible for implementing the new urban sector missions.

• Establish local knowledge networks for regular exchange of critical • UTC India did not have adequate representation from some of the

ideas and technological solutions.

identified constituent groups such as ; i) Foundations and Philanthropies, ii) Farmers, iii) Indigenous People, iv) Grass-root Organizations.

• Promote affordable housing strategies through market creation and policy interventions.

• The gaps identified in relation to the strategic positions of the theme inclusive prosperity is proposed to be addressed through the ongoing

• Incentivize climate change adaptations and environmentally conscious

research on preparing inclusive prosperity framework for 3 cities. The

behaviors in planning process by harnessing new and alternate energy

other issues can be addressed through the year long National Urban

sources, off-grid solutions and promotion of passive-adaptive design

Campaign.

solutions.

14 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Speaker Prof. Jagan Shah Director, NIUA

Mr. Palash Srivastava, Director, IDFC

Ms. Aisa Kirabo Kacyira, Assistant-Secretary General and Deputy Executive Director, UN-Habitat

Prof. Usha Raghupathi, Professor, NIUA

Mr. Yuri Afanasiev, UN Resident Coordinator

Mr. Rajiv Ranjan Mishra, IAS, Joint Secretary, Ministry of housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation

Mr. Uddesh Kohli, Senior Advisor, UNGC

Prof. Amaresh Dubey, CSRD, JNU

Ms. Christine Auclair, Project Leader, World Urban Campaign, UN-Habitat

Prof. Meera Mehta, Emeritus Professor, CEPT University

Mr. St. John Gould, Director, UK Trade, Investment and Prosperity-India Dr. Eduardo Lopez Moreno, Director, Research and Capacity Development, UN-Habitat Mr. Saurabh Sanyal , Secretary General, PhD Chamber of Chamber and Industry Mrs. K. Saraswathi, Secretary General, Madras Chamber of Commerce and Industry Mr. Vikas Gadre, Director General, Bombay Chamber of Commerce and Industry Dr. A. Ravindra, IAS (Retd), Former Chief Secretary, Government of Karnataka Dr. Renu Khosla, Director, Centre for Urban and Regional Excellence Prof. P.S.N.Rao, Head, Department of Housing, SPA Delhi Dr. Roli Asthana, Senior Economic Advisor and Deputy Head, DFID India Mr. Ron Slangen, Urban Development Specialist, ADB Dr. Shobha Vijender, Councillor, North Delhi Municipal Corporation Mr. V. Suresh, Former CMD, HUDCO Dr. Nandita Chatterjee, IAS, Secretary, Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Prof. O.P.Mathur, Urban Specialist and Senior Fellow, Institute of Social Sciences

Prof. Kala Seetharam Sridhar, ISEC, Bangalore Dr. Nafees Meah, Director, Research Councils UK Ms. Namrata Bali, SEWA Ms. Shalini Sinha, Sector Specialist, WIEGO Ms. Dharitri Patnaik, India Representative, Bernard Van Leer Foundation Prof. Dinesh Mehta, Emeritus Professor, CEPT University Prof. Shrawan Kumar Acharya, Professor, CSRD, JNU Dr. Debjani Ghosh, Senior Research Officer and Coordinator, Habitat Partner University Initiative Ms. Sheela Patel, Chair, Slum Dwellers International Mr. Bijal Bhatt, Mahila Housing Trust Ms. Pratima Joshi, Shelter Associates Prof. Neelima Risbud, SPA-Delhi Prof. Amita Bhide, School of Habitat Studies, TISS Mr. Marco Ferrario, Micro Home Solutions Mr. Ashok Pavadia, Additional Secretary & Adviser, Inter-State Council Secretariat, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India Dr. R. Gopichandran, Director, Vigyan Prasar, Government of India

Mr. Pooran Chandra Pandey, Executive Director, UNGCN India

Mr. Ashok B Chakraborty, Chief Sustainability Officer, National Foundation for Corporate Social Responsibility, Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs, Ministry of Corporate Affairs

Mr. Barjor E. Mehta, Global Lead, World Bank

Dr. Sanjeevan Bajaj , CEO, FICCI Quality Forum

Dr. Nagesh Kumar, Head, UN-ESCAP S&SWA, New Delhi

Dr. Vatsal Bhatt, Director – Cities and Neighborhood Developments, USGBC

Prof. Amitabh Kundu, Delhi Policy Group

15 Urban Thinkers Campus: 05 – The City We Need fosters inclusive prosperity

Dr. Geetika Sharma, TCS Innovation Lab

Mr. Rakesh Kacker, IAS(retd), Director, India Habitat Centre

Dr. Anil Roy, Associate Professor, CEPT University

Ms. Romi Roy, Deputy Director, UTTIPEC, Delhi Development Authority

Mr. Daniel Ziegerer, Director of Cooperation, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation

Prof. Rajan Rawal, Executive Director,Centre for Advanced Research in Building Science and Energy

Dr. Shirish Sinha, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation

Mr. Pinaki Mishra, Chairman, Parliamentary Standing Committee on Urban Development

Dr. Rathin Roy, Director, NIPFP Mr. Mrutyunjay Behera, Director (Infrastructure), Department of Economic Affairs

Dr. Ramgopal Agarwala, Honorary Senior Fellow, NCAER Mr. Dushyant Chautala, Member of Parliament

Mr. Jeetendra Singh, Director (PPP/Infrastructure), NITI Aayog

Ms. Sindhushree Khullar, Chief Executive Officer, NITI Aayog

Mr. Krishan Dhawan, Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation

Mr. D.S.Mishra, IAS , Additional Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development

Mr. Ashok B. Lall, Principal Architect, Ashok B Lall Architects

List of all countries present 1. Australia

9. Iceland

17. Sweden

2. Austria

10. India

18. Switzerland

3. Brazil

11. Italy

19. Turkey

4. Canada

12. Kenya

20. United Kingdom

5. Equatorial Guinea

13. Madagascar

21. United States of America

6. Ethiopia

14. New Zealand

22. Zimbabwe

7. Georgia

15. Northern Mariana Islands

8. Germany

16. Poland

List of organizations present 1. UN-Habitat,

8. Cities Alliance,

2. Cities Alliance,

9. WIEGO,

3. UNGCN India,

10. Shakti Foundation,

4. DFID,

11. Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation,

5. Research Councils UK,

12. YUVA,

6. The Bernard van Leer Foundation (BvLF),

13. UNMGCY

7. ADB,

14. India Habitat Centre

utc.niua.org

United Nations Human Settlements Programme P.O. Box 30030 Nairobi 00100, Kenya World Urban Campaign Secretariat www.worldurbancampaign.org Email: wuc@unhabitat.org Tel.: +254 20 762 1234

www.unhabitat.org