525 S Quincy Enid Ok 73701 580-234-7581
A Brief Word From The Editor
With over 10 years in the industry, producing local community guides, relocation guides, maps, NATIONAL raceway tracks, high school sports posters, sports event memorable, and college sports schedules we know ADVERTISING!
With a long (emphasis on long) time in this industry, we searched for a more effective, and up to date way to get our readers our informational magazine. With all of the IPads, Kindles, Androids, and cellphones we searched high and low for a way to reach newmovers. The first idea was “we could produce books with information about a county and set up distribution points so new movers could find out the attractions, events, and also aware new-comers of local businesses, but wait how would that help customers that,
haven’t decided yet, or people that don’t pick up magazines like this, and what if we produce too many we would just be hurting the environment, so we came up for away to solve all of those problems. On-line Guides! No extra waste, no extra liter!, also in this day and age how much is actually done in hard copy anymore, newspapers are digital, and people like the idea of being able to take media like this with them so they can take it anywhere and read it at their leisure, and it’s kinda hard to lose this copy, because all of our publications are readable by all of the leading digital readers, tablets, and cell phones, if you have internet access then you have our magazine! We also do print hard copies for people that request them.
Book Made By WorldViewGuides.com Book Editor YourMarketingPeoria.com Advertising Sales WorldViewGuides.com Lead Sales (Pensacola) Name Sales Manager Stacy Johnson Website Designed and Hosted By YourMarkeingPeoria.com Graphic Design YourMarketingPeoria.com Special Thanks To all contributors, advertisers, and photographers. Remember to go green and Always Share Your “World Views” World Views Guides 309-966-0526 PO Box 2445 East Peoria, IL 61611 stacyworldviews@gmail.com worldviewsgraphic@gmail.com worldviewguides.com
5
Garfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma named after President James A. Garfield. As of the 2010 census, the population was 60,580. Enid is the county seat and largest city within Garfield County.
Enid Central Railway and the Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad. 1. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,060 square miles (2,745.4 km2), of which 1,058 square miles (2,740.2 km2) is land and 1.6 square miles (4.1 km2) (0.15%) is water. Several creeks run through the county, including Black Bear, Boggy, Red Rock, Rock, Skeleton, and Turkey.
Prior to the Land Run of 1893, Garfield County was named O County and was part of the Cherokee Outlet, occupied by the Cherokee people following the Treaty of New Echota and the Cherokee trail of tears. Historically, the area was a hunting ground for the Wichita, Osage, and 1. Adjacent counties Kiowa tribes. • Grant County (north) The Chisholm Trail, stage • Noble County (east) County coach lines, mail routes, and • Logan (southeast) railroads passed through stations at Buffalo Springs • Kingfisher County (south) and Skeleton, today known as Bison and Enid. Railroad • Major County (west) County development in the county • Alfalfa (northwest) began four years prior to the land opening. Enid 2. Major highways became a central hub within the county. Historical • U.S. Highway 60 railroads included Enid • U.S. Highway and Tonkawa Railway, 64/U.S. Highway 412 Enid and Anadarko • U.S. Highway 81 Railway, Blackwell, Enid • State Highway 15 and Southwestern Railway, • State Highway 45
•
State Highway 74 2. Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 57,813 people, 23,175 households, and 15,805 families residing in the county. The population density was 55 people per square mile (21/km²). There were 26,047 housing units at an average density of 25 per square mile (10/ km²). The racial makeup of the county was 88.65% White, 3.26% Black or African American, 2.11% Native American, 0.85% Asian, 0.49% Pacific Islander, 2.02% from other races, and 2.62% from two or more races. 4.13% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 23,175 households out of which 31.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.20% were married couples living together, 10.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.80% were nonfamilies. 27.70% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.10% World Views Guides | 2014
309-966-0526
7
had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.95.
The median income for a household in the county was $33,006, and the median income for a family was $39,872. Males had a median income of $29,921 versus $20,791 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,457. About 10.50% of families and 13.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.70% of those under age 18 and 10.40% of those age 65 or over.
In the county, the population was spread out with 25.00% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 27.30% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 16.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 93.70 males. 3. Economy For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were Primary industries in Garfield County are 90.40 males. 4. Communities • • • •
Bison Breckenridge Carrier Covington
• • • •
Douglas Drummond Enid Fairmont
• • • •
Garber Hillsdale Hunter Kremlin
agriculture and livestock. Historically, crops have included wheat, corn, oats, sorghum, Kaffir corn, and alfalfa. In addition, oil and gas and flour milling have proved fruitful for the county. The county seat of Enid, Oklahoma has the most grain storage capacity in the United States and one of the largest grain elevators in the world. Vance Air Force Base is also a major employer in the area of both soldiers and civilians.
• • •
Lahoma North Enid Waukomis
World Views Guides | 2014
8
Enid (ē’nĭd) is a city in Garfield County, Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 49,379, making it the ninth largest city in Oklahoma. It is the county seat of Garfield County. Enid was founded during the opening of the Cherokee Outlet in the Land Run of 1893, and is named after Enid, a character in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s Idylls of the King. In 1991, the Oklahoma state legislature designated Enid the “Purple Martin Capital of Oklahoma.” Enid holds the nickname of “Queen Wheat City” and “Wheat Capital” of Oklahoma and the United States for its immense grain storage capacity, and has the third largest grain storage capacity in the world. The economy of Enid is diverse, but its foundation is the oil and gas industry and agriculture. In summer 1889, M.A. Low, a Rock Island official, visited the local railroad station then under construction, and inquired about its name. World Views Guides
| 2014
At that time, it was called Skeleton station. Disliking the original name, he renamed the station Enid after a character in Alfred Lord Tennyson’s Idylls of the King. However, a more fanciful story of how the town received its name is popular. According to that tale, in the days following the land run, some enterprising settlers decided to set up a chuckwagon and cook for their fellow pioneers, hanging a sign that read “DINE”. Some other, more free-spirited settlers, turned that sign backward to read, of course, “ENID”. The name stuck.
Amarillo, Texas. The Enid-Pond Creek Railroad War ensued when the Department of the Interior moved the government site three miles (5 km) south of the station prior to the land run, which was then called South Enid. During the run, due to the Rock Island’s refusal to stop, people leaped from the trains to stake their claim in the government endorsed site. By the afternoon of the run, Enid’s population was estimated at 12,000 people located in the Enid’s 80acre (320,000 m2) town plat. Enid’s original plat in 1893 was 6 blocks wide by 11 blocks long consisting of the town square on the northwest end, West Hill (Jefferson) school on the south west end, Government Springs Park in the middle southern section, and East Hill (Garfield) school on the far north east corner. A year later, the population was estimated at 4,410, growing to 10,087 by 1907, the year of Oklahoma statehood.
During the opening of the Cherokee Outlet in the Land Run of 1893, Enid was the location of a land office which is now preserved in its Humphrey Heritage Village, part of the Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center. Enid, the rail station, (now North Enid, Oklahoma) was the original town site endorsed by the government. It was platted by the surveyor W. D. Twichell, then of The town’s early history
9
was captured in Cherokee Strip: A Tale of an Oklahoma Boyhood by Pulitzer-winning author Marquis James, who recounts his boyhood in Enid. He writes of the early town: A trip to Enid was surely a marvelous treat, the stairways one saw being the very least of it. First off, on the edge of the prairie was a house here and house there-and not so many of them sod houses, either. Quite a few were even painted. Pretty soon the stores began, with the buildings touching each other and no front yards at all, only board sidewalks shaded by wooden awnings. Then you came to the Square. You never saw so many rigs or so many people. —Cherokee Strip: A Tale of an Oklahoma Boyhood Enid experienced a “golden age” following the discovery of oil in the region in the 1910s and continuing until World War II. Enid’s economy boomed as a result of the
growing oil, wheat, and rail industries, and its population grew steadily throughout the early 20th century in conjunction with a period of substantial architectural development and land expansion. Enid’s downtown saw the construction of several buildings including the Broadway Tower, Garfield County Courthouse, and Enid Masonic Temple. In conjunction with the oil boom, oilmen such as T.T. Eason, H.H. Champlin, and Charles E. Knox built homes in the area. Residential additions during this period include Kenwood, Waverley, Weatherly, East Hill, Kinser Heights, Buena Vista, and McKinley. Union Equity, Continental, Pillsbury, General Mills, and other grain companies operated mills and grain elevators in the area, creating what is now the Enid Terminal Grain Elevators Historic District, and earning Enid the titles of “Wheat Capital of Oklahoma”, “Queen Wheat City of Oklahoma,” and “Wheat Capital of the
United States” 1.
Geography
Located in Northwestern Oklahoma, Enid sits at the eastern edge of the Great Plains. It is located at 36°24′2″N 97°52′51″W (36.400583, -97.880784), 70 miles (110 km) North of Oklahoma City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 74.1 square miles (192 km2), of which 74.0 square miles (192 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) (0.12%) is water. 1.
Climate
Enid’s weather conditions are characterized by hot summers, cold, often snowy winters, and thunderstorms in the spring, which can produce tornadoes. The greatest one-day precipitation total by an official rain gauge in Oklahoma was in Enid; 15.68 inches fell on October 11, 1973. Temperatures can fall below 0 °F (−18 °C) in the winter, and reach above 100 °F (38 °C) in the summer. The highest World Views Guides | 2014
10
World Views Guides
| 2014
11
recorded temperature was 118 °F (48 °C) in 1936, and the lowest recorded temperature was −20 °F (−29 °C) in 1905. On average, the warmest month is July, January is the coolest month, and the maximum average precipitation occurs in May. An ice storm struck Northwest Oklahoma in late January 2002. The storm caused over $100 million of damage, initially leaving some 255,000 residences and businesses without power. A week later, 39,000 Oklahoma residents were still without power. Enid, with its population of 47,000, was entirely without electricity for days. The Oklahoma Association of Electric Cooperatives reported over 31,000 electrical poles were destroyed across the state. The American Red Cross set up a shelter at Northern Oklahoma College. Some other notable storms in Enid’s history include: •
March
16,
1965,
an F4 tornado 18.4 miles (29.6 km) away from the city center injured seven people and caused between $50,000 and $500,000 in damages. • October 11–13, 1973, Oklahoma’s greatest urban rainfall on record occurred. Known as the “Enid flood”, an intense thunderstorm was centered over Enid with rainfall accumulations between 15 and 20 inches within a 100-square-mile (260 km2) area. About 12 inches (300 mm) fell in three hours. Enid received 15.68 inches (398 mm), forcing residents to cut holes in rooftops to reach safety. Nine people died. • May 2, 1979, an F4 tornado 7.5 miles (12.1 km) away from the Enid city center killed one person, injured 25 people and caused between $500,000 and $5,000,000 in damages. • April 25, 2009, an EF-2 tornado damaged the Chisholm Trail Expo Center. No one was injured or killed.
2. Demographics As of the 2010 census, there were 49,379 people, 19,726 households and 12,590 families residing in the city. The population density was 670 per square mile (260/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 81.6% White, 3.6% African American, 2.3% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 2.2% Pacific Islander, 5.4% from other races, and 2.84% from two or more races. The population of Hispanic or Latino Americans more than doubled between 2000 and 2010, up from 4.74% in 2000 to 10.3% in 2010. There were 19,726 households of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.2% were nonfamilies. Households with individuals living alone accounted for 30.5% of households and 26.6% of households consisted of individuals 65 years World Views Guides | 2014
12
of age or older living by themselves. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3. The media age of the population was 36. Enid has been predominantly a Republican stronghold since its days as part of Oklahoma Territory, owing to the influence of settlers from neighboring Kansas. Several politicians have called Enid home, including Oklahoma Territory’s last governor Frank Frantz; U.S. Representative Page Belcher; US Congressman and former Enid mayor, Milton C. Garber; Oklahoma Lieutenant Governor Todd Lamb; U.S. Representative George H. Wilson; and James Yancy Callahan, the only nonRepublican territorial congressional delegate. Of the people in Enid, 61.9% claim affiliation with a religious congregation; 9.4% are Catholic, 39.2% are Protestant, 1.1% are Latter Day Saints and 12.2% are another Christian denomination. By 1987, there were 90 churches of World Views Guides
| 2014
27 different denominations of Christianity. Enid’s Phillips University, although formally affiliated with the Disciples of Christ, was a product of religious collaboration between followers of the Disciples of Christ, Presbyterian Church, and Judaism. Although Phillips University has closed, Enid still has a number of private Christian schools, including St. Paul’s Lutheran School. Enid is home to several Protestant churches including pentacostal Iglesia Cristiana El Shaddai (Hispanic) founded in 2001 and two Catholic congregations, St. Francis Xavier, founded in 1893, and St. Gregory, founded in 1971. St. Francis Xavier’s Bishop Theophile Meerschaert was responsible for founding Calvary Catholic Cemetery in 1898. Enid is the home of two Masonic Lodges, the Enid Lodge #80 and the Garfield Lodge #501. The Enid Lodge has many Jewish members. Historically,
Enid was home to a small Jewish congregation called Emanuel, which met at the Loewen Hotel, founded by Al Loewen, a local merchant who also served on the committee to create Phillips University. The Enid Cemetery also has a Jewish section where many of early Enid’s Jewish merchants are interred, including the founders of Kaufman’s Style Shop, Herzberg’s Department Store, Newman Mercantile, and Meibergen and Godschalk, Enid’s first clothing store. Currently, there are no synagogues or mosques in Enid, Oklahoma 3.
Economy
When Enid participated in the City Beautiful movement in the 1920s, Frank Iddings wrote the city song, “Enid, The City Beautiful”. “You’re right in the center where the best wheat grows and you’ve got your share of the oil that flows,” his lyrics read. These were the early staples of the Enid economy. Enid’s economy
13
saw oil booms and agricultural growth in the first half of the 20th century The Great Depression, however, caused both of these staples to lose value, and many businesses in Enid closed However, Enid recovered, prospering and growing in population until a second wave of bad economic times hit in the 1980s, when competition with the local mall and economic factors led Enid’s downtown area to suffer. Since 1994, Enid’s Main Street program has worked to refurbish historic buildings, boost the local economy, and initiate local events such as first Friday concerts and holiday celebrations on the town square. Companies with corporate headquarters in Enid: • AdvancePierre Foods (prepared food products, primarily for institutional customers) • A t w o o d s Distributing, Inc. (farming supplies, hardware, pet supplies) • Johnston Enterprises Inc. (grain processing,
storage, and transportation; founded 1893) • GEFCO, George E. Failing Company (manufacturer of portable drilling rigs for oil, gas, water wells and other applications; founded 1931) • S T E C O (manufacturer of transfer and dump trailers) • P u m p s t a r (manufacturer of concrete pumping equipment) • Groendyke Transport (tank truck fleet operator; bulk liquid transport)
base operations services at nearby Vance Air Force Base. Historical companies in Enid:
• Champlin Petroleum: The company was founded in 1916 by H.H. Champlin and grew to operate service stations in 20 different states by 1944. In 1984, after a series of different owners, American Petrofina closed the operation. What remains is the H. H. Champlin Mansion, which is one of many Enid sites listed on Companies with operations the National Register of in Enid: Historic Places. • C o n t i n e n t a l • Geronimo Motor Resources Inc. (oil and Company. natural gas exploration 4. Arts and culture and production) - the company’s oil and gas Enid is home to the annual revenues for 2008 neared Tri-State Music Festival $1B. which was started in 1932 • The Koch Industries by Russell L. Wiley, who plant produces 10% of the was Phillips University anhydrous ammonia in the Band Director from 1928 United States, a primary to 1934. From 1933 to ingredient in fertilizer, and 1936, Edwin Franko was the state’s third largest Goldman headlined the polluter in 2007. festival. The festival takes • PAE Applied place each spring in Enid. Technologies provides In the summertime, Enid’s aircraft maintenance and Gaslight Theatre hosts a World Views Guides | 2014
14
production of Shakespeare in the Park as well as year round theatre productions. The Enid Symphony Orchestra was formed in 1905 and is the oldest symphony in the state, performing year round in the Enid Symphony Center. Enid’s Chautauqua in the Park takes place each summer in Government Springs Park, providing five nights of educational performances by scholars portraying prominent historical figures. The Chautauqua program was brought to Enid in 1907 by the Enid Circle Jewish Chautauqua and is now produced by the Greater Enid Arts and Humanities Council. Enid’s Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center preserves the local history of the Land Run of 1893, Phillips University, and Garfield County, Oklahoma. The museum originated as the Museum of the Cherokee Strip in the 1970s, and reopened on April 1, 2011. Enid also commemorates its land run history each September World Views Guides
| 2014
by hosting the Cherokee Strip Days and Parade. The Humphrey Heritage Village next to the museum offers visitors a chance to see the original Enid land office and other historical buildings. Visitors to Enid’s Railroad Museum of Oklahoma, located in the former Santa Fe Railway Depot, can see railroad memorabilia, explore historical trains, and watch model railroads in action. The Midgley Museum is operated by the Enid Masonic Lodge #80 and features the rock collection of the Midgley family. Leonardo’s Discovery Warehouse, located in the former Alton Mercantile building in downtown Enid is an arts and sciences museum, which features Adventure Quest, an outdoor science-themed playground. Simpson’s Old Time Museum is a western-themed museum by local filmmakers Rick and Larry Simpson. The pair closed their downtown business, Simpsons Mercantile in 2006 to convert the building into
a movie set and museum. George’s Antique Auto Museum features the sole-existing Geronimo car, once manufactured in Enid. The Leona Mitchell Southern Heights Heritage Center and Museum records the history and culture of African Americans and Native Americans, featuring exhibits on Enid’s former black schools (George Washington Carver and Booker T. Washington), and opera star Leona Mitchell. Enid also has a number of locations listed on the National Register of Historic Places. 5.
Sports
Enid has produced several athletes, including NFL football players Todd Franz, Steve Fuller, Ken Mendenhall, John Ward, Jeff Zimmerman, Jim Riley, and the CFL’s Kody Bliss. Brothers Brent Price and Mark Price became NBA players, and Don Haskins is a Hall of Fame basketball coach. USSF soccer player Andrew Hoxie, Major League
15
World Views Guides | 2014
16
Baseball pitcher, Lou Kretlow, Olympian and runner, Chris McCubbins and Stacy Prammanasudh an LPGA golfer all were born or lived in Enid. Austin Box 1.
Baseball
The Enid Harvesters (active from 1920 to 1924) were named as the 20th-best minor league farm team ever by Minor League Baseball. They had a 104-27 record in the 1922 season. The Harvesters along with their earlier counterparts the Railroaders were members of the Western Association. During the 1951 season, the team was an affiliate of the Houston Buffaloes, and were known as the “Enid Buffaloes” to match.
3. Football 1941 by the Champlins, and in 1937 by the Eason The Enid High School Oilers (runners up in 1938). Plainsmen have won state football Phillips University six (1919, baseball teams, coached championships by Enid native Joe Record, 1942, 1964, 1965, 1966 went to the NAIA World and 1983). They went Series three times during to the Oklahoma State football his tenure as head coach Championship (1952–1981). Record was game in 2006 and lost to the Jenks Trojans. the NAIA Coach of the Year in 1973, and was The Phillips University inducted into the NAIA football teams, coached by Hall of Fame in 1975. John Maulbetsch, beat the
The Northern Oklahoma College Enid Jets baseball team were conference champions in 2002, 2003, and 2005. They were Region II champions in 2002 and 2004, and runners up in 2009. They were Southwest District Champions in 2002, and also received third place in the NJCAA World Series The Enid Majors youth in that year. baseball team won the American Legion Baseball 2. Basketball World Series in 2005. The Oklahoma Storm Several Enid teams played in the National Baseball Congress championships, winning the championship in 1945 by the Army Air Field (runners up in 1943 and 1944), in 1940 and World Views Guides
| 2014
USBL franchise called Enid home. Through their eight years in Enid (2000-2007 seasons), they won their division more than once and the USBL Championship in 2002.
University of Oklahoma and University of Texas football teams and lost only one game in the 1918 and 1919 seasons. When Phillips defeated Texas 10-0 in Austin, Texas, in October 1919, the Longhorns had not lost a game since 1917.
The newest football team in Enid is the Enid Enforcers, a semiprofessional/minorleague team playing in the Central Football League. Their first season of play was in the spring of 2008. Made up of players from Enid and the surrounding areas, the team has achieved national ranking status 3 times, amassing A CFL
17
League Championship in 2012,two Northern Division Championships, 47 league All-star players, while helping numerous young men gain college athletic scholarships and boasting a 40-13 record in just five years. 6. Education Enid has several institutions of education and is served by two school districts: Enid Public Schools and Chisholm Public Schools. Pioneer-Pleasant Vale Schools’s elementary school, often referred to as Pleasant Vale Elementary. The Cimarron Montessori School and Summerhill Childrens House are the city’s two Montessori style schools. Several private Christian schools representing a variety of denominations are also located in Enid: Bethel Bible Academy, Emmanuel Christian School, Enid Adventist School, Hillsdale Christian School, Saint Joseph Catholic School, and Saint Paul’s Lutheran School. Enid High School, Chisholm High School, and
Oklahoma Bible Academy are the city’s largest secondary education schools. Autry Technology Center serves as the city’s only vocational education institution, Northern Oklahoma College as its community college, and Northwestern Oklahoma State University (NWOSU) provides bachelor and graduate level education. Enid was formerly home to Phillips University, which closed in 1998. The Public Library of Enid and Garfield County, established in 1899, also serves as an educational resource for the community. Enid was once home to a Carnegie library, which opened in 1910. After years of funding shortages, the building was condemned in 1957, and the library’s current art deco building was opened in 1964. 7.
Media
The Enid News & Eagle is the city’s daily newspaper. Historically, the city had 28 newspapers. The Enid Eagle began publication on September 22, 1893. The
Enid Daily Wave (later the Enid Morning News) began on December 11, 1893. In February 1923, the papers were combined to form the Enid Publishing Company. Enid has two local television stations: • P u b l i c - a c c e s s television station, PEGASYS, which broadcasts locally produced programming on cable channels 11 and 12, and a community bulletin board on channel 19. • UHF channel 32, KXOK-LD, which currently broadcasts America One and The Pursuit Channel. Historically, Enid was home to television station KGEO, an ABC affiliate from July 2, 1954 to 1958 when it moved its transmitter to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The station is now KOCO-TV. KQOB 96.9 FM broadcasts in a classic rock format. Stations KNID 107.1 FM and KOFM 103.1 FM specialize in country music. KAMG 92.1 FM, KKRD 91.1 FM, and KLGB-LP World Views Guides | 2014
18
94.3 FM are devoted to religious content. KCRC 1390 AM and KZLS 1640 AM broadcast sports games. KGWA 960 AM is a talk radio station, and KXLS 95.7 FM plays various musical genres. 8. 1.
Infrastructure Healthcare
Enid has a number of medical clinics and two hospitals. INTEGRIS Bass Baptist Health Center has 207 beds throughout its three facilities. Bass is the oldest hospital in Enid, founded in 1910, and incorporated in 1914 as Enid General Hospital and Training School for Nurses. St. Mary’s Regional Medical Center, a 245-bed facility with 127 licensed professionals, was established in 1915 as Enid Springs Sanatorium. Both Enid hospitals are affiliated with the Oklahoma Hospital Association, and their CEOs are FACHE certified. Clinics include the Garfield County Health Department, and Veterans Affairs Clinic. World Views Guides
| 2014
Vance Air Force Base Clinic is operated by the 71st Medical Group which consists of the 71st Medical Operations and Support Squadrons. 2.
Transportation
The main highways serving the City of Enid are U.S. Highway 81 Van Buren and U.S. Highway 412 Owen K. Garriott. U.S. Highway 64 runs west down Garriott and U.S. Highway 60 runs east. Both of these highways join together with highway 81 in North Enid, Oklahoma. State Highway 45 also runs through North Enid on Carrier Road. Railroad development in Garfield County began four years prior to the land opening, and Enid became a central hub within the county, with rail systems running in ten directions. Historical railroads included Enid and Tonkawa Railway, Enid and Anadarko Railway, Blackwell, Enid and Southwestern Railway, Enid Central Railway and the Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad. Enid’s railroad
history is displayed at the Railroad Museum of Oklahoma which is housed in the former Santa Fe railroad Depot. The Rock Island Depot is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Grainbelt Corporation, BNSF Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad currently run operations through Enid. From 1907 to 1929, Enid also had its own streetcar system, operated by Enid City Railway. The street cars were later replaced by buses, following a declaration by the Enid government that made streetcars illegal. Since 1984, the Transit, operated by Enid Public Transportation, has been in operation, providing ondemand shuttle services. The Transit also offers service to Oklahoma City’s Will Rogers Airport, Greyhound Bus Service, and Amtrak Train Station. 1.
Airports
• Enid Woodring Regional Airport (KWDG) (1167 feet above mean sea level) is located four miles
19
World Views Guides | 2014
20
(6 km) southeast of Enid at 36 degrees 22.75 north latitude and 97 degrees 47.47 west longitude. This Class D facility has a 6,249-foot (1,905 m) primary runway and a 3149 secondary runway. There is no scheduled air service. • Vance Air Force Base (KEND) (1,307 feet above mean sea level) is located four miles (6 km) south of the city at 36 degrees 20.21 north latitude and 97 degrees 54.59 west longitude. It was founded in 1941 on land leased by the city of Enid to the United States Army Air Forces, now the United States Air Force. Vance also uses the KWDG facility for military training flights. Since its establishment the base, named after Lt. Col Leon Robert Vance, Jr., has been a major employer in the area. 3.
Utilities
Enid’s electricity is provided by Oklahoma Gas & Electric and natural gas by Oklahoma Natural Gas Company. World Views Guides
| 2014
The City of Enid provides water, wastewater, and trash collection services. Internet, television, and telephone providers include Suddenlink Communications, Pioneer Telephone, and AT&T. 9.
Notable people
Enid’s Frank Frantz was the seventh and final Oklahoma Territorial Governor. Enid has been home to several successful entrepreneurs from oilman Herbert Champlin to casino owner, Sam Boyd, founder of the Boyd Gaming Corporation. The arts have also flourished among Enid natives, from Native American painter Paladine Roye to Pulitzer Prize winning author Marquis James. Actors Richard Erdman, Glenda Farrell, Lynn Herring, and Thad Luckinbill were all born in Enid. Many musicians have called Enid home, including jazz great Sam Rivers, folk singer and banjoist Karen Dalton, fingerstyle guitarist Michael Hedges and opera singer Leona Mitchell,
with the last two having streets in Enid bearing their names. Mitchell’s brother, Hulon Mitchell Jr (Yahweh Ben Yahweh) was the founder of the religious group, Nation of Yahweh. Attorney Stephen Jones defended Timothy McVeigh after the Oklahoma City bombing. A number of military heroes have also come from Enid, including former US Army Special Forces operator Bo Gritz, Medal of Honor recipient Harold Kiner, and Pearl Harbor hero USAF General Kenneth M. Taylor. Enid has a history of aviation professionals from aviation pioneer Clyde Cessna, founder of the Cessna Aircraft Company, to Irving Woodring, one of the Army’s Three Musketeers of Aviation. One of Enid’s main streets is named after Astronaut Owen K. Garriott, and Enid’s air force base is named for Medal of Honor recipient Leon Vance. Mark Kelly, bass player of the Christian Rock Band Petra calls Enid home.
21
Even some fictional characters hold Enid as their home town, including Paul and Amanda Kirby (portrayed by Téa Leoni) in Jurassic Park III, Maggie Gyllenhaal’s character, journalist Jean Craddock, in Crazy Heart, and in The Rifleman, Lucas McCain and his son Mark lived in Enid, Oklahoma before settling in North Fork, New Mexico Territory.
that David E. George, a tenant at the Grand Avenue Hotel who committed suicide by poison in 1903, was actually John Wilkes Booth. After sitting for years in Penniman’s Funeral Home, George’s mummified body later toured the carnival circuit. The 1937 short film The Man in the Barn by Jacques Tourneur revisits the story of David E. George as Booth. Some even claim two figures from the Abraham Lincoln assassination 10. In popular culture lived and died in Enid. In Enid was ranked the 28th 1901, Osborn H. Oldroyd best place in the USA to wrote The Assassination raise a family in a 1998 of Abraham Lincoln Reader’s Digest poll. and Flight, Persuit (sic), in March 2004 issue of Capture, and Punishment Inc. listed as one of the top of the Conspirators which 25 small cities in the USA claimed that Sgt. Boston for doing business. Good Corbett, the man who Morning America listed killed John Wilkes Booth Enid as one of its top five in Virginia, resided in Enid, up and coming areas in a January 2006 episode. employed as a medicine salesman. Local legend Hollywood has come to holds that Corbett is buried Enid, shooting scenes in one of the unmarked from Dillinger in front graves in the Enid of the Mark Price Arena Cemetery. In 1907, Finis and the Grand Saloon, the L. Bates wrote The Escape 1955 short film Holiday and Suicide of John Wilkes for Bands features Enid’s Booth. The book claimed Tri-State Music Festival,
and portions of the film The Killer Inside Me were filmed in Enid’s downtown square. According to television, Enid has been the site of hauntings and exorcisms as Ghost Lab featured Enid as part of an investigation of sites claimed to be haunted by John Wilkes Booth, and A Current Affair in a segment on expensive religious exorcisms. Enid has been the subject of songs, such as the song “Greeted in Enid” by Hank Williams, Jr. from his 1995 album Hog Wild, which tells the story of a woman he met in Enid. It has been the subject of ridicule, by comedian Bill Hicks who used to make fun of this town in his act, including a routine on a man named Elmer Dinkley, most likely fictional. Enid is also mentioned in passing in a few popular novels and films. In chapter 12 of The Grapes of Wrath, Enid is one of the towns that feeds into Route 66 from the north via Route 64. The movie Twister references the city just before the World Views Guides | 2014
22
chasers leave Aunt Meg’s house to chase the “Hailstorm Hill” Tornado. The storm warning on the television broadcast states that the latest warning has been issued “for Garfield County, including the city of Enid”. (Subtitles may be needed to find this out.) In the 1995 novel, Left Behind, primary character Chloe Steele Williams returns home from California by a flight that lands in Enid to make connections. The Enid Woodring Regional Airport was the only operable airport in the area during the 48 hours after the “vanishings”. In the television series Night Court, Bull goes on a game show and one of the contestants is a computer programmer from Enid. During World War II, two Victory Ships from Kaiser’s Richmond, California shipyard were named after Enid and Phillips University, the SS Enid Victory and the SS Phillips Victory. In 1999, astronomer Tom Stafford of Oklahoma, named an asteroid after Enid. World Views Guides
| 2014
In the CBS series The Big Bang Theory, character Sheldon Cooper contemplates moving to Enid because of its “low crime rate” and “high speed internet” service, but decides against it because the city lacks a model railroad store.’. This is not factual. Enid hosts the Railroad Museum of Oklahoma.
23
World Views Guides | 2014
24
World Views Guides
| 2014
25
World Views Guides | 2014
26
World Views Guides
| 2014
27
World Views Guides | 2014
28
World Views Guides
| 2014
29
World Views Guides | 2014
30
Vance Air Force Base (IATA: END, ICAO: KEND, FAA LID: END) is a United States Air Force base located 6 km (three nautical miles) south of downtown Enid, Oklahoma, and within its city limits, about 104 km (65 mi) north northwest of Oklahoma City. The base is named after local World War II hero and Medal of Honor recipient, Lt Col Leon Robert Vance Jr. The host unit at Vance is the 71st Flying Training Wing (71 FTW), which is a part of Air Education and Training Command (AETC). The commander of the 71 FTW is Colonel Clark J. Quinn. The vicecommander is Colonel John J. Menozzi and the command chief is Chief Master Sergeant Peter A. Speen. 1. Mission The 71st Flying Training Wing aims to train worldclass pilots for the United States Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps, and its Allies and to prepare Air Expeditionary Force World Views Guides
| 2014
(AEF) warriors to deploy in support of the combatant • commanders. •
Forces Squadron
71st Medical Group 71st Medical Operations Squadron 2. Units • 71st Medical The 71st Flying Training Support Squadron Wing consists of three subordinate groups: 3. History • 71st Operations Group (71 OG) Tail Code “VN” T-38 Talon, T-1 Jayhawk, T-6 Texan II • 3d Flying Training Squadron, T-1A • 5th Flying Training Squadron, T-38C, T-6, T-1A, AT-38C • 8th Flying Training Squadron, T-6A • 25th Flying Training Squadron, T-38C • 33d Flying Training Squadron, T-6A • 71st Operations Support Squadron • 71st Student Squadron
1.
World War II
Construction began on 12 July 1941 for a cost of $4,034,583. Army Air Corps Project Officer, Major Henry W. Dorr supervised the construction and developed the basic pilot training base. In 1941, for the sum of $1 a year, this land was leased from the city of Enid to the federal government as a site for a pilot training field, and on November 21 the base was officially activated. The installation was without a name but was generally referred to as Air Corps Basic Flying School. The mission of the school was to train aviation cadets to become aircraft pilots and commissioned officers in the United States Army Air Forces.
71st Mission Support Group • 7 1 s t Communications Squadron • 71st Logistics Readiness Squadron • 71st Force The facility was assigned Support Squadron • 71st Security to the AAF Gulf Coast •
31
Training Center, with the Army Air Force Pilot School (Primary) activated (phase 1 pilot training), in which flight cadets were taught basic flight using two-seater training aircraft. Fairchild PT-19s were the primary trainer used. It was not until 1942, that the base was officially named Enid Army Flying School, also known as Woodring Field. It was officially activated on 11 February 1942. On 8 January 1943, the War Department constituted and activated the 31st Flying Training Wing (Primary) at Enid and assigned it to the AAF Central Flying Training Command. For the duration of the war, the basic phase of training graduated 8,169 students, while the advanced phase of training graduated 826. As the demand for pilots decreased with the end of the war in Europe, the Enid Army Flying Field was deactivated on 2 July 1945 and was transferred to the Army Corps of Engineers on 2 July 1946.
2.
Cold War
to its Undergraduate Pilot The base was reactivated Training (UPT) system. on January 13, 1948, and its 3. Modern era name changed to Enid Air Force Base, as one of the In 1995 Air Force officials pilot training bases within announced that Vance the Air Training Command would transition to the (ATC). Its mission was Specialized Undergraduate to provide training for Pilot Training curriculum. SUPT, Vance advanced students in multi- Under students begin their engine aircraft. In keeping with the Air training in the Beechcraft Force tradition of naming T-6 Texan II, followed bases for deceased Air by the T-1A Jayhawk for Force flyers, on July 9, students identified for jet 1949, the base was renamed tanker, transport or large aircraft, after a local World War II reconnaissance hero and Medal of Honor and the T-38 Talon for recipient, Lt Col Leon fighter, bomber and other USAF fixed-wing aircraft. Robert Vance, Jr. With the introduction of The first aircraft flown at the Joint Primary Aircraft Vance was the BT-13A, Training System (JPATS) followed shortly by the to Vance in 2005, the 71 BT-15. In 1944, advanced FTW began transitioning students flew the TB-25 from the T-37 to the and TB-26. Following the newer T-6 Texan II. Joint establishment of U.S. Air training with the United Force as a separate service States Navy began at in September 1947, Vance Vance in 1996, with select began training in the USN and USMC strike AT-6 and eventually the jet student naval aviators T-33 Shooting Star. The obtaining all training at T-37 Tweet flew at Vance Vance except for carrier beginning in 1961, and qualification, which they the T-38 Talon in 1963 as subsequently complete in the Air Force transitioned the T-45 Goshawk at NAS World Views Guides | 2014
32
Meridian, Mississippi or NAS Kingsville, Texas. A number of senior naval aviators in the rank of commander have also served as flying training squadron (FTS) commanders in the 71 FTW. Today Student Naval Aviators undergo only T-6 training at Vance. Students practice basic patterns and landings at Kegelman Air Force Auxiliary Field located near Cherokee, Oklahoma. Vance is considered the second busiest RAPCON facility in the United States, behind Nellis AFB. Nellis is open 24 hours, but Vance has more traffic per hour. 4.
Major Commands
• Air Training Command, July 1, 1946 – July 1, 1993 • Air Education and Training Command, July 1, 1993 – present 5.
Base
units
operating
• 80th Air Base Sq, November 29, 1941 – June 13, 1942 • 80th Base HQ and Air Base Sq, June 13, 1942 – May 1, 1944 • 2518th AAF Base Unit (Pilot School, Basic), May 1, 1944 – February 4, 1945 • 2518th AAF Base Unit [Pilot School, Advanced-2E, February 4, 1945 – September 26, 1947 • 2518th AF Base Unit, September 26, 1947 – August 26, 1948 • 3575th Air Base Gp, August 26, 1948 – November 1, 1972 • 71st Air Base Gp, November 1, 1972 – present
• Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Cen, December 18, 1941 – January 23, 1942 • Air Corps Flying Training Comd, January 23, 1942 – March 15, 1942 • AAF Flying Training Comd, March 15, 1942 – 6. Major units July 31, 1943 assigned • AAF Training Comd, July 31, 1943 – July 1, • 60th Air Base Group 1946 November 29, 1941 – World Views Guides
| 2014
December 20, 1942 • 31st Flight Training Wing January 16, 1943 – May 15, 1945 • 2518th Army Air Force/Air Force Base Unit May 1, 1944 – August 28, 1948 • 3575 Pilot Training Wing August 26, 1948 – November 1, 1972 • 8600 Pilot Training Wing June 27, 1949 – May 28, 1951 • 71st Flying Training Wing November 1, 1972 – present
LLC
Custom Gift Baskets and A Variety of Retail Items For Every Occasion
Floral Arrangements For All Occasions blooming & green plants balloon bouquets & gift baskets gift items crystal weddings silk all major credit cards
(580)237-3511 2211 W. Willow (East of Jumbo Foods) 1511 N Grand, Enid Toll Free 1.800.285.3511
34
Mon - Fri: 11 am - 7 pm Sat: 11am - 5pm Sun: 2pm - 5pm
All USA E-Juice is made in our shop
1319 S Van Buren St Enid, Oklahoma 73703 (580) 478-8044 smartsmokevapor@att.net www.smartsmokevapor.com
World Views Guides
| 2014
Serving Endid Since 1979
Bonded • Licensed • Insure OK29941
Bucket Truck Commercial • Residential 3507 W Phillips Rd, Endid
580-233-0723
d