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Jasper County is a county located in Southwest Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 117,404. Its county seat is Carthage, and its largest city is Joplin. The county was organized in 1841 and named for William Jasper, a hero of the American Revolutionary War.

Ouchage, his way of expressing the sound of the name with French spelling. A few years after the Marquette expedition, French explorers discovered a Little Osage village and called it Ouazhigi. French transliterations of the tribe’s name settled on a spelling of Osage, which was also used by European Americans. Jasper County is included in the Joplin, MO Metropolitan In 1682 Robert de La Salle Statistical Area.The Jasper canoed down the length of County Sheriffs office has the Mississippi River to the jurisdiction throughout the Gulf of Mexico, naming county. the entire Mississippi basin “La Louisiane” in honor of King Louis XIV. In 1699 1. Osage Nation Louisiana was named an Before European contact, the administrative district of New area that today makes up Jasper France therefore, as far as the County was the domain of the Europeans (France, England Osage Native Americans who and Spain) were concerned, called themselves the Children the area of Jasper County was of the Middle Waters (Ni-UFrench territory. The French Kon-Ska). This was probably further divided the Louisiana because their dominion district into an upper and lower encompassed the land between parts with the Arkansas River the Missouri and Osage rivers being the dividing line. to the north, the Mississippi River to the east, and the With France and Spain’s defeat Arkansas River to the south. To in the Seven Years’ War in the west were the Great Plains 1763, France ceded Louisiana where they hunted buffalo. to Spain and most of the rest By the late 17th century, the of New France to the British Osage were calling themselves who also received Florida from Spain. The Spanish Wah-Zha-Zhe. District of New Madrid, The earliest record of containing present day Jasper European-Osage contact is a County, was the southernmost 1673 map by French Jesuit of the five Spanish districts priest and explorer Jacques comprising Upper Louisiana. Marquette. He noted the France regained control of people he encountered as the World Views Guides

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Louisiana through the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800 but Napoleon Bonaparte I decided to sell the territory to the United States in 1803. The Osage began treatymaking with the United States in 1808 with the first cession of lands in Missouri in the (Osage Treaty). The Osage moved from their homelands on the Osage River in 1808 to the Jasper County area of Southwest Missouri. In 1825, the Osages ceded their traditional lands across Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. They were first moved onto a southeastern Kansas reservation in the Cherokee Strip, on which the city of Independence, Kansas now sits and finally to Indian Territory in 1872. 2.

Missouri Territory

The Upper Louisiana Territory, including the Jasper County area, was renamed the Missouri Territory on June 4, 1812 to avoid confusion with the state of Louisiana which joined the Union in 1812, and the New Madrid District became New Madrid County. Old Lawrence County was established in 1815 from New Madrid County west of the St. Francis River and north of Arkansas County and consisted of all of present-day southwestern Missouri and part of northwestern Arkansas. Lawrence County was short-

lived, however, as three years later (1818) it was combined with part of Cape Girardeau County and renamed Wayne County. By 1819, Arkansas Territory had been created, and Wayne County lost some of its area but still consisted of most of southern Missouri from present-day Wayne County west to the Kansas State Line and south along the Arkansas State Line.

enacted a bill authorizing the organization of Jasper County and was named in honor of Sergeant William Jasper, a hero in the American Revolutionary War. The Jasper County Court first divided the area into three townships: North Fork, Center Creek and Marion, but later it was divided into 15 townships which remain in an unincorporated status to the present time.

In 1820, all of Missouri Territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Missouri and in 1831 Crawford County was carved out of the original Wayne. This new division covered all of the southern part of Missouri and included Jasper County in its boundaries. This alignment was also short-lived as in 1833 Greene County was split from Crawford County from the Niangua River west to the Kansas State Line.

A temporary seat of justice was established, Thursday, February 25, 1841 in the home of George Hornback. It was a 12Ă&#x2014;16 foot log cabin, one and a half miles northwest of Carthage on Spring River. Samuel M. Coolley, Jeremiah Cravens and Samuel B. Bright were the first justices of the Jasper County Court. John P. Osborn, the first sheriff, was ordered to give public notice that the county court of Jasper County would meet in the home of George Hornback until the permanent seat of justice was established.

On January 5, 1835, a big piece was cut out of Greene County and organized as Barry County. In 1838 Barry County was divided into four parts called Barry, Dade, Newton and Jasper counties. At this time Jasper was not a full fledged county but was attached to Newton County and it would not be until 1841. 3. On the

A permanent county seat was chosen in March 1842 and designated by the name of Carthage. A one story singleroom wooden structure with a large door in the south, was completed on June 29, 1842, and was located on the north County Organization side of the present public square in Carthage. This January 29, 1841 courthouse was later replaced Missouri Legislature

by a larger two story brick & stone structure that was completed in 1854, which also functioned as the county jail. By the start of the American Civil War in 1861 there were several small river mill settlements, some mining camps and about nine or ten towns (seven platted) in Jasper County, Missouri. The county seat of Carthage, Missouri had an estimated population between four and five hundred at that time. The newer brick courthouse was used as a hospital during the American Civil War and was destroyed by fire during fighting in October 1863. By the end of the Civil War, Carthage had been evacuated and completely destroyed, and much of Jasper County laid in ruins. By order of the Governor, the courthouse was relocated to the schoolhouse at Cave Springs (near present day La Russell, Missouri) in 1865. Other temporary locations within the county were later used over the next three decades until the current Jasper County Courthouse was constructed on the Carthage square in the mid-1890s. The county adopted an official flag in 2001, which was unveiled during the countyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 160th birthday celebration. The flag depicts the county courthouse surrounded by World Views Guides | June 2014

15 stars representing Jasper County’s 15 townships. The center blue and red stars memorialize the struggle in Jasper County during the Civil War years, including the Battle of Carthage in 1861 and second battle in 1863.

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Route 66 Route 96 Route 171 Demographics

Historical population Census Pop. %± 1850 4,223 — 1860 6,883 63.0% 1870 14,928 116.9% 1880 32,019 114.5% 1890 50,500 57.7% 1900 84,018 66.4% 1910 89,673 6.7% 1920 75,941 −15.3% 1930 73,810 −2.8% 1940 78,705 6.6% 1950 79,106 0.5% 1960 78,863 −0.3% 1970 79,852 1.3% 1980 86,958 8.9% 1990 90,465 4.0% 2000 104,686 15.7% 2010 117,404 12.1% Est. 2013 116,398 −0.9%

On Sunday, May 22, 2011 Jasper County was struck in Joplin with a catastrophic EF5 multiple-vortex tornado. The 2011 Joplin tornado ranked as the seventh deadliest in America’s history. Geography According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 641.32 square miles (1,661.0 km2), of which 639.73 square miles (1,656.9 km2) As of the census of 2010, there (or 99.75%) is land and 1.59 were 117,404 people, 45,639 square miles (4.1 km2) (or households, and 30,202 0.25%) is water. families residing in the county. The population density was 4. Adjacent counties 164 people per square mile • Barton County (north) (63/km²). There were 50,668 • Dade County (northeast) housing units at an average • Lawrence County (east) density of 71 per square • Newton County (south) mile (28/km²). The racial • Cherokee County, makeup of the county was Kansas (west) 88.24% White, 1.93% Black • Crawford County, or African American, 1.51% Kansas (northwest) Native American, 0.99% Asian, 0.25% Pacific Islander, 3.89% from other races, and 5. Major highways 3.18% from two or more races. • Interstate 44 Approximately 6.84% of the • Interstate 49 • U.S. Route 66 (1926– population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 1985) •

• •

U.S. Route 71 Route 37 Route 43

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There were 45,639 households out of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with

them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.8% were non-families. 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 24.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.05 In the county the population was spread out with 27.17% under the age of 19, 7.4% from 20 to 24, 25.11% from 25 to 44, 22.24% from 45 to 64, and 12.14% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.1 years. For every 100 females there were 94.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.20 males. The median income for a household in the county was $31,323, and the median income for a family was $37,611. Males had a median income of $28,573 versus $20,386 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,227. About 10.40% of families and 14.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.20% of those under age 18 and 10.30% of those age 65 or over.

2. Airport Drive Alba Asbury Avilla Brooklyn Heights Carl Junction

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Carterville Carthage Carytown Duenweg Duquesne Fidelity

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Cemeteries

Jasper Joplin Kendricktown La Russell Maxville Neck City

¹defunct

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Webb City

Union (pop. 2,296) Preston (pop. 1,446) Duval (pop. 839) McDonald (pop. 810) Jasper (pop. 601) Sheridan (pop. 412) Lincoln (pop. 296)

Education

Public Schools

Avilla R-XIII School District – Avilla • A v i l l a Elementary/Middle School (K-08) • Carl Junction R-I School District – Carl Junction • Carl Junction Primary School (K-01) • Carl Junction Primary School (02-03) • Carl Junction Intermediate School (04-06) • Carl Junction Junior High School (07-08) • Carl Junction High School (09-12) • Carthage R-IX School District – Carthage • Columbian Elementary School (PK-04) • F a i r v i e w Elementary School (PK-04) •

Oakland Park¹ • Oronogo Purcell Reeds Sarcoxie Waco

Townships

Joplin (pop. 42,173) Galena (pop. 27,239) Marion (pop. 15,137) Mineral (pop. 9,100) Twin Groves (pop. 6,556) Jackson (pop. 4,954) Sarcoxie (pop. 3,043) Madison (pop. 2,502)

Alexander Cemetery Latitude 37.1372 and Longitude −94.3875 • Carterville Cemetery – Latitude 37.1678359 and Longitude −94.4393924 • Fidelity Cemetery – Latitude 37.2894989 and Longitude −94.4621731 • Harvey Cemetery - Latitude 37.136634 and Longitude -94.101539 • Peace Church Cemetery – Latitude 37.1231152 and Longitude −94.5474492 • Pine Cemetery – Latitude 37.2894989 and Longitude −94.4621731 • Stone Cemetery – Latitude 37.0578392 and Longitude −94.3549436 • –

Communities

• Mark Twain Elementary School (PK-04) • Pleasant Valley Elementary School (PK-04) • S t e a d l e y Elementary School (PK-04) • Carthage Middle School (05-06) • Carthage Junior High School (07-08) • Carthage High School (09-12) • Jasper R-V School District – Jasper • Jasper County Elementary School (K-06) • Jasper High School (07-12) • Joplin R-VIII School District – Joplin • Wa s h i n g t o n Education Center (PK) • Cecil Floyd Elementary School (K-05) • C o l u m b i a Elementary School (K-05) World Views Guides | June 2014

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D u e n w e g Elementary School (K-05) • D u q u e s n e Elementary School (K-05) • Eastmorland Elementary School (PK-05) • E m e r s o n Elementary School (K-05) • Irving Elementary School (K-05) • J e f f e r s o n Elementary School (K-05) • Kelsey Norman Elementary School (K-05) • M c K i n l e y Elementary School (K-05) • Royal Heights Elementary School (K-05) • S t a p l e t o n Elementary School (K-05) • West Central Elementary School (K-05) • East Middle School (06-08) • North Middle School (06-08) • South Middle School (06-08) • Joplin High School (09-12) • Sarcoxie R-II School District – Sarcoxie • Wi l d w o o d Elementary School (PK-05) • Sarcoxie High School (06-12) • Webb City R-VII School District – Webb City • Franklin Early Childhood Center (PK) • Madge T. James Kindergarten Center (K) • Bess Truman •

Primary Center (K-01) • Webster Primary Center (01-02) • Carterville Elementary School (PK-04) • Eugene Field Elementary School (03-04) • Harry S. Truman Elementary School (02-04) • Mark Twain Elementary School (03-04) • Webb City Middle School (05-06) • Webb City Junior High School (07-08) • Webb City High School (09-12) 2.

Private Schools

• Thomas Jefferson Independent Day School – Joplin (K-12) – Nonsectarian (Special Education) • Joplin Area Catholic Schools – Joplin (PK-12) – Roman Catholic • St. Mary’s Elementary School (PK-05) • St. Peter’s Middle School (06-08) • M c A u l e y Catholic High School (09-12) • Martin Luther School – Joplin (PK-08) – Lutheran • College Heights Christian School – Joplin (PK-12) – Nondenominational Christian • St. Ann’s Catholic School – Carthage (PK-06) – Roman Catholic

Post Secondary

• Missouri Southern State University - Joplin A public, four-year university. Carthage is a city in Jasper County, Missouri, United States. The population was 14,378 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Jasper County and is nicknamed “America’s Maple Leaf City.” Carthage is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. 5.

History

Jasper County was formed in 1841. Carthage was chosen as the county seat, the area cleared and the town platted in 1842. By the time of the American Civil War, there were over 500 residents, a brick and stone courthouse and several businesses. The area was divided over slavery, and almost all of the African-Americans in the county at the time were slaves. The Battle of Carthage, fought on July 5, 1861, was a clash between Union troops from St. Louis and Confederate troops led by the pro-Southern Missouri Governor, Claiborne Fox Jackson. The “Second Battle of Carthage” occurred in October 1863 when Union troops confronted Confederate troops north of town and forced them to return to Arkansas. World Views Guides | June 2014

The town experienced minor skirmishes and attacks throughout the war; proConfederate guerrillas burned most of the city (including the courthouse) in September 1864. Historical accounts, such as Jasper County, Missouri in the Civil War (1923) by Col. Ward L. Schrantz, document the regional warfare. The area grew rapidly following the Civil War. The Missouri Western Railroad arrived in 1872. Town residents started a foundry, furniture factory, woolen and grain mills, a plow works and numerous liveries and other businesses. Leggett & Platt, now a Fortune 500 company still based in Carthage, was founded in 1883. Nearby lead mines and limestone quarries also contributed significant wealth and Carthage became one of the most prosperous towns in the area. Residents poured their money into ornate Victorian-style homes, many of which are now part of the Carthage South District, which was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The Jasper County Courthouse, also on the National Register of Historic Places, was built of Carthage stone in 1894-95. There is a mural inside the courthouse depicting the history of Jasper County. Growth in Carthage World Views Guides

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can be documented through died in 1984. Sanborn Maps, many of which U.S. Highways 66 and 71 came are available online. through town in the 1920s, and Numerous local buildings, in for a time the town saw a stream addition to the courthouse, of cross-country traffic. Route were built in the late 19th 66 intersected with U.S. Route and early 20th century out 71 at the present intersection of stone from local quarries. of Central and Garrison The limestone is hard enough Avenue. The original owners to be polished into “Carthage of a Boots Court motel at this marble” and was used in both crossroads promoted a drive-in the interior and exterior of restaurant with a KDMO AM the state capitol building in radio broadcast, “Breakfast at Jefferson City, Missouri. The the Crossroads of America”, quarries known today as the named as a reference to the Carthage Underground, a two major highways of the commercial space that utilizes era. Route 66 was eventually but a small portion of the re-routed, and then replaced extensive uncharted quarries in the 1960s with Interstate 44 nearby. running south of town. In 1925, Ozark Wesleyan College merged three Methodist colleges into one institution and built a campus in the center of town. The college operated only a few years before closing. The campus was home to Our Lady of the Ozarks College from 1944–1971 and now houses the VietnameseAmerican Catholic religious Congregation of the Mother CoRedemptrix. This Vietnamese order of priests and brothers came from Vietnam to settle in Carthage in 1975, immediately following the Vietnam War. In the monastery of this Vietnamese congregation the controversial archbishop Pierre Martin Ngô Đình Thục

In the late 20th century, the town began actively courting tourism, emphasizing its history (the Battle of Carthage, Victorian architecture, and Route 66), as well as its proximity to the Precious Moments hotel and store, along with the popular country music destination Branson, Missouri... 6.

Government

The government of Carthage is represented by a Mayorcouncil government. Carthage is divided into five wards which are represented by two members. There is a total of 11 council members including the Mayor.

Carthage is in Missouri’s 7th congressional district and is being represented in the United States Congress by Billy Long since 2010. In the Missouri House of Representatives, Carthage is in the 127th District and since 2008 is being represented by Tom Flanigan, a former Carthage City Council alderman. In the Missouri Senate, Ron Richard represents the Joplin-Carthage area since 2010. The Carthage, Missouri Police Department is the law enforcement agency in the city of Carthage Missouri. Currently they employ 29 Officers. 7.

Geography

Carthage is located at 37°10′4″N 94°18′54″W (37.167773, -94.314958). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.69 square miles (30.28 km2), of which, 11.65 square miles (30.17 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) is water. Historical population Census Pop. %± 1880 4,167 — 1890 7,981 91.5% 1900 9,416 18.0% 1910 9,483 0.7% 1920 10,068 6.2% 1930 9,736 −3.3% 1940 10,585 8.7% 1950 11,188 5.7% 1960 11,264 0.7% 1970 11,035 −2.0% 1980 11,104 0.6%

10,747 12,668 14,502 Est. 2012 14,095 1990 2000 2010

−3.2% 17.9% 14.5% −2.8%

U.S. Decennial Census

8. 1.

Demographics 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 14,378 people, 5,169 households, and 3,419 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,234.2 inhabitants per square mile (476.5 /km2). There were 5,753 housing units at an average density of 493.8 per square mile (190.7 /km2). The racial makeup of the city was 73.6% White, 1.5% African American, 1.0% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.6% Pacific Islander, 18.9% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 25.6% of the population. There were 5,169 households of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family

size was 3.26. The median age in the city was 32 years. 28.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.9% were from 25 to 44; 20.7% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female. 2.

2000 census

At the 2000 census, there were 12,668 people, 4,813 households and 3,157 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,328.2 per square mile (512.7/km²). There were 5,217 housing units at an average density of 547.0 per square mile (211.1/ km²). The racial makeup of the city was 81.46% White, 2.39% African American, 1.05% Native American, 1.59% Asian, 0.21% Pacific Islander, 6.65% from other races, and 4.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18.27% of the population. There were 4,813 households of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.4% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.4% had someone living alone who was World Views Guides | June 2014

65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.04.

Underground, formerly a quarry, which now serves as a storage area with climate control for various products. Carthage was well known in the early 20th century for the finegrained, extremely dense grey limestone, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Carthage Marbleâ&#x20AC;?, which came from that mine and was used for numerous public buildings throughout the US, including the Capitol Building in Jefferson City and the Jasper County Courthouse.

25.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 95.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males. Carthage has several food The median household income manufacturers and processing was $32,557 and the median plants in and around the city. family income was $37,927. These plants produce a great Males had a median income deal of slaughterhouse waste. of $29,315 compared with Changing World Technologies $21,442 for females. The per and its subsidiary Renewable capita income for the city Environment Solutions built was $15,281. About 12.7% the first operational commercial of families and 19.2% of the thermal conversion plant population were below the in the United States to take poverty line, including 23.5% advantage of the large amount of those under age 18 and of feedstock for the thermal 13.0% of those age 65 or over. conversion process made available by the many food rendering plants in the area in 9. Economy 2003. Major area employers include In Jan 2008, a new city-owned Leggett & Platt, a Fortune 500 hospital, McCune-Brooks, corporation manufacturing opened and the old facility has household durables, which been renovated for use by the is headquartered in the Carthage Water and Electric town, Williams Lighting (a Plant. The new Carthage High manufacturer of home electric School opened in 2009. lighting implements), Otts Foods, Schreiber Foods, and 10. Culture Goodman Manufacturing (all producing various food As noted above, Carthage was products) and the Carthage the site of the Battle of Carthage, World Views Guides

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the first official engagement of the American Civil War, on July 5, 1861. Local groups stage reenactments of the battle, near the grounds of the State Historic Site which commemorates the event. Carthage is located on Historic U.S. Route 66. The original alignment around town is still marked, and several old businesses built to cater to travelers can still be seen. Since 1966, Carthage has held a festival each October called the Maple Leaf Festival. The week-long festival is named for the many maple trees that grow in the town, whose leaves change into bright colors such as red, orange, and yellow in the fall. Many people from towns from all over Jasper County and further attend the parade, bringing applicants for the parade such as hometown bands, businesses, spookhouses, television stations, and various entertainment. It is a tradition for the people participating in the parade to hand out large amounts of candy to children, as well as advertisements and other small items such as frisbees and footballs. The parade usually runs from the town square, where snacks can be bought and ends at the junior high school, where children can be picked up. Since 1978, Carthage has

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hosted the annual Marian Days celebration for Vietnamese American Catholics. The event, which typically draws 50,000 to 70,000 attendees, takes place on the 28-acre (110,000 m2) campus of the Congregation of the Mother Co-Redemptrix. Carthage is also the home of the Precious Moments Park and Chapel, a tourist attraction with paintings and oversized depictions of the popular porcelain figurines. Histories of Carthage include Ward L. Schrantz’s Jasper County Missouri in the Civil War (Carthage, Missouri: The Carthage, Missouri Kiwanis Club, 1923), History of Jasper County, Missouri (Des Moines, Iowa: Mills & Company, 1883) and Images of America: Carthage, Missouri (Chicago, Illinois: Arcadia Publishing, 2000). Victorian era homes of Carthage are featured in It Wasn’t A Dream, It Was A Flood, a 1974 autobiographical, 16mm short film about poet Frank Stanford. Composer James Scott, regarded as one of the three most important composers of classic ragtime, lived in Carthage from 1901 to 1906. Scott attended Lincoln High School and worked in the music store of Charles L. Dumars. Demand for the music of Scott, World Views Guides

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who began to compose while 1991), basketball coach, living in Carthage, convinced member of Basketball Hall of Dumars to publish Scott’s “A Fame Summer Breeze” in 1903. • Richard M. Webster (1922–1990), former Speaker of the Missouri House of 11. Notable people Representatives, a state senator • Emily Newell Blair • William L. Webster, (1877–1951) was an American former Missouri Attorney writer, suffragist, national General (1953-) Democratic Party political • Felix Wright, NFL leader, a founder of the League football player (1959-) of Women Voters and feminist. • A. P. (Ace) Borger The town was also the (1888–1934), oil wildcatter birthplace of fictional character and businessman associated Jimmy Patterson, the central character of the Medal of with Texas Honor game series. • Jann Carl (b. 1960), television personality, Joplin (/ˈdʒɒplɪn/) is a city in Entertainment Tonight southern Jasper County and • Frances Crowe (b. northern Newton County in the 1919), peace activist southwestern corner of the US • Carl Hubbell (1903– state of Missouri. Joplin is the 1988), Baseball Hall of Fame largest city in Jasper County, pitcher for the New York though it is not the county Giants seat. As of the 2010 census, the • Janet L. Kavandi (b. city population was 50,150. 1959), astronaut (STS-91, In 2011, the surrounding STS-99, STS-104) Metropolitan Statistical Area • Celia Kaye (b. 1941), had an estimated population actress, The New Loretta of 174,237. In 2012, the city Young Show annexed the village of Silver • Preston Lacy, featured Creek which had a 2010 on TV series Jackass population of 623. • Marlin Perkins (1905– 1986), zoologist, naturalist The city is named after the and host of Mutual of Omaha’s Reverend Harris Joplin, an early European-American settler Wild Kingdom • Belle Starr (Myra and the founder of the area’s MayBelle Shirley) (1848– first Methodist congregation. 1889), famous Wild West The town was established in 1873 and expanded outlaw • Bertha Teague (1906– significantly from the wealth created by the mining of lead

and zinc; its growth faltered after World War II when the price of the mineral collapsed. The city gained travelers as Route 66 passed through it; it is mentioned in the lyrics to Bobby Troup’s legendary song about the famous highway. On May 22, 2011, Joplin was struck by an extremely powerful EF-5 tornado, which resulted in at least 158 deaths and more than 900 injuries; there was also the total destruction of thousands of houses, and severe damage to numerous apartments and businesses, St. John’s Medical Center, and multiple school buildings. 12. History 1.

19th century

Lead was discovered in the Joplin Creek Valley before the Civil War, but it was only after the war that significant development took place. By 1871, numerous mining camps sprang up in the valley and resident John C. Cox filed a plan for a city on the east side of the valley. Cox named his village Joplin City after the spring and creek nearby, which had been named for the Reverend Harris G. Joplin, who settled upon its banks about 1840. The Carthage resident Patrick Murphy filed a plan for a city on the opposite side of the valley

and named it Murphysburg. While the nearest sheriff was in Carthage, frontier lawlessness abounded in Joplin. The historic period was referred to as the “Reign of Terror.” The cities eventually merged into Union City, but when the merger was found illegal, the two cities split. Murphy suggested that a combined city be named Joplin. The cities merged again on March 23, 1873, this time permanently, as the City of Joplin.

and deep mining, Joplin is dotted with open pit mines and mine shafts. Mining left many tailings piles (small hills of ground rock), which are considered unsightly locally. The open pit mines pose both hazards, but some find them to have a kind of beauty as well. The main part of Joplin is nearly 75% undermined, with some mine shafts well over 100 ft (30m) deep. These mine shafts have occasionally caved in, creating sink holes. The While Joplin was first settled mining history and geology for lead mining, zinc, often are well documented in the mineral museum in town. referred to as “jack,” was the most important mineral 2. 20th century resource. As railroads were built to connect Joplin to Joplin began to add cultural major markets in other amenities; in 1902 residents cities, it was on the verge passed a tax to create a public of dramatic growth. By the library, and gained matching start of the 20th Century, the funds that enabled them to city was becoming a regional build the Carnegie Library. metropolis. Construction It was seen as the symbol of centered around Main Street, a thriving city. In 1930 the with many bars, hotels, and fine grand commercial Electric homes nearby. Joplin’s three- Theater was built, one of the story “House of Lords” was its many movie palaces of the most famous saloon, with a bar time. It was later purchased and restaurant on the first floor, and renamed the Fox by Fox gambling on the second and a Theatres corporation. With the brothel on the third. Trolley Depression and post-World and rail lines made Joplin the War II suburban development, hub of southwest Missouri. moviegoing declined at such As the center of the “Tri-state large venues. In 1933 during district”, it soon became the the Great Depression, the lead and zinc mining capital of notorious criminals Bonnie the world. and Clyde spent some weeks As a result of extensive surface in Joplin, where they robbed World Views Guides | June 2014

several area businesses. Tipped off by a neighbor, the Joplin Police Department attempted to apprehend the pair. Bonnie and Clyde escaped after killing Newton County Constable John Wesley Harryman and Joplin Police Detective Harry McGinnis; however, they were forced to leave most of their possessions behind, including a camera. The Joplin Globe developed and printed the film, which showed now-legendary photos of Bonnie’s holding Clyde at mock gunpoint, and of Bonnie with her foot on a car fender, posed with a pistol in her hand and cigar in her mouth. The Missouri Advisory Council on Historic Preservation nominated the house where the couple stayed, at 34th Street and Oak Ridge Drive, for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places on February 13, 2009. After World War II, most of the mines were closed, and population growth leveled off. The main road through Joplin running east and west was designated as part of U.S. Route 66, which became famous as more Americans took to newly constructed highways. The roads provided improved access between cities, but they also drew off population to newer housing and eventually retail centers.

40 acres (16 hectares) of the city’s downtown were razed in an attempt at urban renewal, as population and businesses had moved to a suburban fringe along newly constructed highways. The Keystone hotel and Worth Block (former home of the House of Lords) were notable historic structures that were demolished. Christman’s Department Store stands (converted into loft apartments), as does the Joplin Union Depot, since railroad restructuring and the decline in passenger traffic led to its closure. Other notable historic structures in Joplin include the Carnegie Library, Fred and Red’s Diner, the Frisco Depot, the Scottish Rite Cathedral, and the Crystal Cave (filled in and used for a parking lot). The Newman Mercantile Store has been adapted for use as City Hall. The Fox Theatre has been adapted for use as the Central Christian Center. On May 5, 1971, Joplin was struck by a severe tornado, resulting in one death and 50 injuries, along with major damage to many houses and businesses.

On November 11, 1978, Joplin’s once-stately Connor Hotel, which was slated for implosion to make way for a new public library, collapsed suddenly and prematurely. In the 1960s and 1970s, nearly Two demolition workers were World Views Guides

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killed instantly. A third, Alfred Sommers, was trapped for four days, yet survived. 3.

21st century

The city has two major hospitals which served the Four States region, Freeman Hospital and Mercy HospitalJoplin, the latter replacing St. John’s Regional Medical Center which was destroyed in the May 22, 2011 tornado. The city’s park system has nearly 1,000 acres and includes a golf course, three swimming pools, 15 miles of walking/biking trails, the world’s largest remaining globally unique Chert Glades and Missouri’s first Audubon Nature Center located in Wildcat Park. A waterfall, Grand Falls, the highest continuously flowing in the state, is on Shoal Creek on the southern end of the city. Included in Schifferdecker Park is the Everett J. Ritchie Tri-State Mineral Museum and Dorothea B. Hoover Historical Museum, which holds a significant collection of minerals from the era of lead and zinc mining in the region. Numerous buildings in Joplin have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places for their historic and architectural significance. Recently, the city has undertaken a major project to revitalize its Main Street downtown district, which

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lies on the historic Route 66. It has refurbished building facades, sidewalks, and added old-styled lamp posts, flower baskets, and benches to highlight the historic center of the city. A gasoline powered citywide trolley system evokes images of the towns vibrant past.

a destination for conferences and group events. Joplin offers nearly 2,500 hotel rooms, the majority located within a 1/4 mile area of Range Line Road and I-44. It has the 30,000-square-foot (2,800 m2) John Q. Hammons Convention and Trade Center, which serves as the primary event facility Numerous trucking lines for conventions, associations, and large events. such as CFI (now Con-Way Truckload) are headquartered in Each June, Joplin hosts town, as the city is situated near the Boomtown Run, a half the geographic and population marathon, 5K and children’s centers of the nation. Eagle- run. The event attracts runners Picher Industries, TAMKO from across the country, Building Products, AT&T and features USTA certified Communications and FAG courses which start and end Bearings are noted employers in the historic downtown area. in Joplin, and Leggett & Platt Celebrity runners featured (Fortune 500) is located in at the pre-race banquet have nearby Carthage. The city is included Bart Yasso, Sarah served by the Joplin Regional Reinerston, Suzy FavorAirport located in the north of Hamilton and Jeff Galloway. town near Webb City. In 2011, due to the devastating In the 1990s, the city continued EF-5 tornado that struck Joplin to expand eastward toward on May 22, just three weeks I-44. Large-scale development before the run, the event was occurred along Range Line transformed in the Boomtown Road, particularly around Run Day of Service. More 270 individuals Northpark Mall. Numerous than suburbs adjacent to the registered for the race after city include Carl Junction, the tornado struck, knowing Duquesne, Airport Drive, their proceeds would benefit Oronogo, Carterville, Redings tornado recovery. On June 11, Mill, Shoal Creek Drive, approximately 320 registered runners and volunteers turned Leawood, and Saginaw. out to help clean debris and Due to its location near two sort donations, contributing major highways and its many more than 1,200 hours of event and sports facilities, service. On August 7, 2012, Joplin attracts travelers and is World Views Guides

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The Village of Silver Creek and the City of Joplin, voted to have Silver Creek annexed into Joplin City limits. 1.

May 2011 tornado

On May 22, 2011, an EF-5 tornado first touched down near the western edge of the city among large, newer homes, at about 5:21 pm CDT (22:34 UTC) and tracked eastward across the city and across Interstate 44 into rural portions of Newton and Lawrence counties. Its track was reported to have been about 0.75 miles (1.21 km) in width and 22.1 miles (35.6 km) long. About 8,400 houses, 18,000 cars, and 450 businesses were flattened or blown away in Joplin, particularly in the section between 13th and 32nd streets across the southern part of the city. The tornado narrowly missed the downtown area. St. John’s Regional Medical Center was destroyed and demolished in 2012. The Missouri Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) temporarily replaced the demolished St. John’s Regional Medical Center with a mobile hospital until the permanent hospital was rebuilt. The local high school, Joplin High School was totally destroyed as well. A total of 161 people died from tornado-related injuries as of the end of July 2011.

The Weather Channel video showed entire neighborhoods flattened. Communications were lost and power was knocked out to many areas. An official statement from the National Weather Service has categorized the Joplin tornado as an EF5. On Sunday, May 29, 2011, President Barack Obama, Missouri Governor Jay Nixon, and Federal Emergency Management Agency Director Craig Fugate visited and toured Joplin to see what the damage looked like and attended a memorial service for the deceased. Later that day, the city held a moment of silence at 5:41 pm, to mark the time the tornado struck. The area was declared a federal disaster area. In July 2011, the City of Joplin entered into a contractual agreement with Wallace Bajjali Development Partners, L.P., a master developer company out of Sugar Land, Texas, hired to assist in nearly $800 million in reconstruction efforts over the next five years. Priority construction projects include residential districts and senior and assisted living facilities; 7,500 residential dwellings in the City were damaged or destroyed by storm. Approved by the citizens, additional projects intended to spur expansion and economic growth include the construction

of a $40 million performing and cultural arts center, a new and expanded public library and theatre facility, renovation of the historic downtown Union Depot, and a consolidated post office and state government complex, among other city amenities of trails, sidewalks, transportation and park enhancements. A variety of additional major projects will follow, greatly enhancing and expanding all aspects of the community’s development. City Manager Mark Rohr said that “this effort is the greatest opportunity the city has ever seen.” Among other resources and support from governmental agencies, the Federal Economic Development Administration provided $20 million to construct a new Joplin Library and a two-year funding agreement to hire a disaster recovery coordinator to help coordinate the city’s nearly $850 million in immediate restoration and recovery efforts. In the summer of 2012, the federal Housing and Urban Development Department awarded a $45 million Community Development Block Grant for reconstruction efforts and in 2013 awarded another $113 million. In May 2013, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources awarded Wildcat Glades Conservation & Audubon Center $500,000 for help with the restoration

of the urban forest, which was passed through to the City of Joplin as a subgrant. 1,500 large-caliper trees were planted in the tornado zone and along an urban stream, Joplin Creek. 13. Government Local government for the City of Joplin is provided through a nine-member City Council, whose members are elected by voters citywide, with four seats being assigned to designated geographic zones of the city. City Council members include the city’s mayor, who is responsible for serving as meeting chair and official spokesman for the City Council; and the mayor pro tem, who is responsible for performing the mayor’s duties in the latter’s absence. Both positions are elected every two years by their fellow council members. Following the April 2014 city elections, the City Council members included: Michael Seibert (Mayor) Morris Glaze (Mayor Pro Tem) • Melodee Colbert-Kean • Bill Scearce • Miranda Lewis • Ryan Stanley • Mike Woolston • Gary Shaw • Benjamin Rosenberg

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Law enforcement services are World Views Guides | June 2014

provided by the Joplin Police Department. On the statelevel, the city is represented in the Missouri House of Representatives by Republican Bill White of the 161st District, although a small portion of the city lies within the 162nd District represented by Republican Charlie Davis, and in the Missouri Senate by Republican Ron Richard. The city also lies within Missouri’s 7th congressional district, currently represented by Billy Long (R-Springfield). 14. Geography Joplin is located at 37°4′40″N 94°30′40″W (37.077760, −94.511024). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 35.68 square miles (92.41 km2), of which 35.56 square miles (92.10 km2) is land and 0.12 square miles (0.31 km2) is water. The city is drained by Joplin Creek, Turkey Creek, Silver Creek and Shoal Creek. Joplin is the center of what is regionally known as the Four State Area: Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, and Kansas. Joplin is located north of I-44, its passage to the west into Oklahoma. In recent years, the residential development of Joplin has spread north to about Webb City. The nowdecommissioned U.S. Route World Views Guides

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66 once passed through Joplin, and the city is mentioned in the song “Route 66”. 1.

Climate

Joplin has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), as defined by the Köppen climate classification system, with cool, dry winters and hot, humid summers; the severe weather season from April through June is the wettest time of year. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 34.9 °F (1.6 °C) in January to 80.2 °F (26.8 °C) in July. On average, there are 51 days of 90 °F (32 °C)+ highs, 3.5 days of 100 °F (38 °C)+ highs, 14 days where the high fails to rise above freezing, and 1.9 nights of sub-0 °F (−18 °C) per year. It has an average annual precipitation of 46.5 inches (1,180 mm), including an average 11.9 inches (30 cm) of snow. Extremes in temperature range from −21 °F (−29 °C) on February 13, 1905 up to 115 °F (46 °C) on July 14, 1954; the last −10 °F (−23 °C) or below and the last 110 °F (43 °C)+ reading occurred on February 3 and August 2, 2011, respectively. 15. Demographics Historical population Census Pop. %± 1880 7,038 — 1890 9,943 41.3% 1900 26,023 161.7% 1910 32,073 23.2% 1920 29,902 −6.8%

33,454 37,144 38,711 38,958 39,256 39,126 40,961 45,504 50,150 Est. 2013 50,789 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

11.9% 11.0% 4.2% 0.6% 0.8% −0.3% 4.7% 11.1% 10.2% 1.3%

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $30,555, and the median income for a family was $38,888. Males had a median income of $28,569 versus $20,665 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,738. About 10.5% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.8% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over. 1.

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 50,150 people, 20,860 households, and 12,212 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,448.4 people per square mile (559.2/km²). There were 23,322 housing units at an average density of 678.9 per square mile (262.1/ km²). The racial makeup of the city is 43,954 White, 1,657 African American, 911 Native American, 801 Asian, 154 Pacific Islander, 875 from other races, and 1,798 from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race is 2,241 of the population.

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There were 20,860 households of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.1% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.5% were non-families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 25.3% had someone living alone who was # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

In the city the population was 1. Top employers spread out with 24.21% under the age of 19, 9.4% from 20 According to the City’s 2010 to 24, 25.12% from 25 to 44, Comprehensive Annual 22.16% from 45 to 64, and Financial Report, the top 13.18% who were 65 years of employers in the city are: age or older. The median age

Employer Freeman Health System

Con-way Truckload Mercy Hospital Joplin Joplin School District Eagle-Picher Walmart Systems & Services Technologies Missouri Southern State University AT&T Mobility Empire District Electric Company

Tamko Aegis

City of Joplin General Mills

Tri-State Motor Transit Jasper Products LaBarge FAG

Able Manufacturing & Assembly

17. Education 1.

65 years of age or older. The was 35 years. For every 100 average household size was females there were 90.4 males. 2.28 and the average family size was 2.89. 16. Economy

Primary and secondary education

Joplin is home to thirteen public elementary schools in the Joplin R-VIII School District: Cecil Floyd, Columbia, Duenweg, Duqeusne, Eastmorland, Emerson, Irving, Jefferson, Kelsey Norman, McKinley, Royal Heights, Stapleton, and West Central. It has three public middle schools, East, North, and South and one high school, Joplin High School. The first high school

# of Employees 3,139 2,677 2,480 1,200 1,022 920 751 733 688 568 645 575 563 471 417 400 395 338 280

was founded in 1885 and was located where the current Memorial Hall now stands on 8th and Joplin Ave. The JHS student population was nearly 2,200 children in the 2008– 2009 school year. A school bond issue for $57.4 million was passed in April 2007, allowing the district to build two new middle schools (East and South Middle Schools) to replace the old Memorial and South Middle schools, and to give a major renovation and double the size of North Middle School. Joplin also has many private schools, such

as College Heights Christian School, Martin Luther School, Thomas Jefferson Independent Day School, Christ’s Community Discovery School and more. St. Mary’s Catholic Elementary School, St. Peter’s Middle School, McAuley Regional High School are private Catholic schools established in 1885. 2.

College

The Joplin College of Physicians and Surgeons operated from 1880 to 1884. Today Joplin is home to World Views Guides | June 2014

Missouri Southern State University, founded in 1937 as a junior college and expanded in the following decades. There is also one Bible college, Ozark Christian College. Messenger College also operated in Joplin until 2012; the Pentecostal Church of God moved the campus to Euless, Texas that year. 3.

Library

Joplin is served by the Joplin Public Library, situated on Main Street between the intersections of 3rd and 4th Streets. Built in 1981, the current library sits on the historic location of Joplin’s most famous landmark, the Connor Hotel, which came crashing down in 1978, one day before scheduled demolition. In 2013 the Economic Development Administration awarded the city $20 million to relocate the dated library to a new facility along 20th Street, in the heart of the tornado area. 18. Transportation Joplin is served by the mainline of the Kansas City Southern (KCS) railroad, as well as by branchlines of the BNSF Railway and Missouri and Northern Arkansas Railroad (MNA). The city was once a beehive of railroad activity; however, many of the original railroad lines serving Joplin, World Views Guides

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such as the Missouri and North Arkansas Railroad, were abandoned after the demise of the mining and industrial enterprises. The Missouri and North Arkansas had connected Joplin with Helena, Arkansas. Passenger trains have not served the city since the 1960s. The Joplin Union Depot is still intact along the KCS mainline, and efforts are underway to restore it. Despite the decline in some rail lines in and around Joplin during the past five decades, many of the original lines still remain. Aside from the former Frisco Railroad route from Joplin to Webb City and the Carthage to Wichita, KS lines that have since been converted into bike/hike trails, most of the original routes still remain in place under the control of the BNSF, KCS, and M&NA rail road companies. Interstate 44 connects Joplin with Springfield and St. Louis to the east and Tulsa and Oklahoma City to the west. U.S. Route 71 runs east of the city, connecting Joplin to Kansas City to the north and Fort Smith, Arkansas, to the south. The segment from Kansas City to Joplin was designated Interstate 49 on December 12, 2012. Joplin once boasted an extensive trolley and interurban rail system. Today, part of the city is served by the

Sunshine Lamp Trolley, which commenced service in July 2007, and expanded to three routes in 2009. In addition, the Joplin Regional Airport provides multiple daily roundtrip flights to Dallas/Fort Worth operated by Envoy Air. 19. People • Ferrell Anderson, baseball player; died in Joplin • Harvey Bailey, Depression-era criminal, the “Dean of American Bank Robbers”; spent his last years in Joplin, and died there in 1979. He is buried in Joplin • Thomas Hart Benton, painter and muralist; as a teenager made cartoons for the Joplin American • Lonny Chapman, actor; graduated from Joplin High School and Joplin Junior College (now Missouri Southern State University) • Alan Cockrell, coach for the Seattle Mariners; attended Parkwood High School • Bill Grigsby, sportscaster; began career broadcasting Joplin Miners baseball games • T.J. Holmes, journalist; began reporting career at KSNF • H. Dale Jackson, Baptist minister and ethicist; lived in Joplin with his wife when they were newly married in 1949 • Oliver Winfield Killam,

Texas oil industrialist, former Oklahoma state legislator; lived in Joplin • Mickey Mantle, New York Yankees outfielder and first baseman; played with the Class C “Joplin Miners” minor league baseball team in 1950 • J. Eddie Peck, actor; was raised in Joplin, graduated from Parkwood High School • Rod Smith, wide receiver for the NFL’s Denver Broncos; graduated from Missouri Southern State University • Jeff Speakman, actor; graduated from Missouri Southern State University • Gabby Street, manager of the St. Louis Cardinals; adopted Joplin as his hometown • Alvin Clarence Thomas, better known as Titanic Thompson American Road Gambler, Golfer and Hustler. Married first wife Nora Trushel in Joplin. • James Thrash, wide receiver for the NFL’s Washington Redskins; graduated from Missouri Southern State University • Brian Williams, broadcaster; lived in Joplin for his first TV job at KOAM-TV 1.

People born in Joplin

• Tony Alamo, religious evangelist, convicted child sexual abuser and polygamist • John Whitby Allen, photographer and model

railroading pioneer • Emily Newell Blair, was an American writer, suffragist, national Democratic Party political leader, a founder of the League of Women Voters and feminist. • Christofer Drew, musician • Billy Cook, a spree killer • Robert Cummings, actor • Scott Elbert, Major League Baseball pitcher • Langston Hughes, poet and writer, for whom Langston Hughes Broadway in Joplin is named • Hale Irwin, golfer • Jack Jewsbury, captain of the Portland Timbers of Major League Soccer • Tito Landrum, baseball player • Jamie McMurray NASCAR driver • Charles McPherson, jazz musician • Darryl R. Matthews, Sr., Past General President, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. • Elva Miller, singer • Lisa Myers, broadcast journalist • Charles Plumb, cartoonist of the syndicated Ella Cinders comic strip • Carl Pomerance, mathematician • Darrell Porter, baseball player • Mel Purcell, tennis player • Pattiann Rogers, poet

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Pauline Starke, silent film actress William Tobin, journalist Dennis Weaver, actor Percy Wenrich, composer Grant Wistrom, former NFL defensive end

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