A Brief Word From The Editor
With over 10 years in the industry, producing local community guides, relocation guides, maps, NATIONAL raceway tracks, high school sports posters, sports event memorable, and college sports schedules we know ADVERTISING!
With a long (emphasis on long) time in this industry, we searched for a more effective, and up to date way to get our readers our informational magazine. With all of the IPads, Kindles, Androids, and cellphones we searched high and low for a way to reach newmovers. The first idea was “we could produce books with information about a county and set up distribution points so new movers could find out the attractions, events, and also aware new-comers of local businesses, but wait how would that help customers that,
haven’t decided yet, or people that don’t pick up magazines like this, and what if we produce too many we would just be hurting the environment, so we came up for away to solve all of those problems. On-line Guides! No extra waste, no extra liter!, also in this day and age how much is actually done in hard copy anymore, newspapers are digital, and people like the idea of being able to take media like this with them so they can take it anywhere and read it at their leisure, and it’s kinda hard to lose this copy, because all of our publications are readable by all of the leading digital readers, tablets, and cell phones, if you have internet access then you have our magazine! We also do print hard copies for people that request them.
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Androscoggin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2010 U.S. census, the county’s population was 107,702. Its county seat is Auburn. Androscoggin County comprises the LewistonAuburn, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area and partially included within the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine, Metropolitan New England City and Town Area. It is also a part of the Portland-Lewiston-South Portland, Maine Combined Statistical Area. Bates College is located in the Androscoggin County city of Lewiston.
1. History Demand for a new county emerged when the residents of the rapidly growing town of Lewiston complained of the long distance they had to travel to reach Wiscasset,
the county seat of Lincoln County, in which county Lewiston was originally located. It was also an impractical circumstance as Lewiston’s neighbor, Auburn, was part of Cumberland County. As the growing partnership of the two towns emerged, the case for the towns to be in the same county grew. Different plans were discussed, including Lewiston joining Cumberland County. Eventually, the idea of a new county came to the table. The debate then became over which town would be the center of the new county. Bath, Brunswick, and Lewiston each desired the distinction. Lewiston would eventually win the debate. Androscoggin County was created in 1854 from towns originally in Cumberland County, Lincoln County, Kennebec County, and Oxford County.
would eventually be put to a vote, with both towns putting different offers on the table, including ideas to cut the costs of the new county buildings for surrounding towns. Auburn would eventually win a convincing victory, with the towns on each side of the river voting for the town on their side. As more people then lived to the west of the Androscoggin River, Auburn won the vote.
2. Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 497 square miles (1,290 km2), of which 468 square miles (1,210 km2) is land and 29 square miles (75 km2) (5.9%) is water. It is the The next issue centered on second-smallest county in Maine by total area where to put the county seat, as both Lewiston and Auburn desired to be 1. Adjacent counties named the county seat. It • Franklin County, World Views Guides | 2014
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Maine - north Kennebec County, Maine - northeast Sagadahoc County, Maine - southeast Cumberland County, Maine - south Oxford County, Maine - west 3. Demographics Historical population Census Pop. %± 1860 29,726 — 1870 35,866 20.7% 1880 45,042 25.6% 1890 48,968 8.7% 1900 54,242 10.8% 1910 59,822 10.3% 1920 65,796 10.0% 1930 71,214 8.2% 1940 76,679 7.7% 1950 83,594 9.0% 1960 86,312 3.3% 1970 91,279 5.8% 1980 99,657 9.2% 1990 105,259 5.6% 2000 103,793 −1.4% 2010 107,702 3.8% Est. 2013 107,604 −0.1%
As of the census of 2000, there were 103,793 people, 42,028 households, and 27,192 families residing in the county. The population density was 221 people per square mile (85/km²). There were 45,960 housing units at an average density of 98 per square mile (38/ km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.98% White, 0.66% Black or African American, 0.27%
Native American, 0.55% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.28% from other races, and 1.22% from two or more races. 0.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24.5% were of French Canadian, 19.4% French, 14.3% English, 9.7% United States or American and 8.4% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000. 9.6% of the population speak French and 1.5% of the population speak Spanish at home.
There were 42,028 households out of which 30.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.60% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.30% were nonfamilies. 28.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.00%
had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.91. In the county the population was spread out with 23.90% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 29.70% from 25 to 44, 22.90% from 45 to 64, and 14.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 94.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.20 males. The median income for a household in the county was $35,793, and the median income for a family was $44,082. Males had a median income of $31,622 versus $22,366 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,734. About 7.50% of families and 11.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.80% of those under age 18 and 11.00% of those age 65 or over. World Views Guides | 2014
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4. 1.
Media Newspapers
• Lewiston Sun Journal prints a daily newspaper in four different editions statewide. The Sun Journal was the recipient of the 2008 New England Daily Newspaper of the Year and the 2009 Maine Press Association Newspaper of the Year. 2.
Magazines
• Lewiston Auburn Magazine, launched in April 2010, features current events and history of Lewiston/Auburn, with an emphasis on the people who are helping to rebuild the area. World Views Guides
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5.
Communities
• Auburn • Durham • Greene • Leeds • Lewiston • Lisbon • Livermore • Livermore Falls • Mechanic Falls • Minot • Poland • Sabattus • Turner • Wales Auburn is a city in and the county seat of Androscoggin County, Maine, United States. The population was 23,055 at the 2010 census. It is one of two principal cities of and included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine
metropolitan New England city and town area and the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area (which is part of the Portland-Lewiston-South Portland, Maine combined statistical area). Auburn and Lewiston (directly across the Androscoggin River) are known as the Twin Cities or LewistonAuburn (L-A). 6.
History
The area was originally part of the Pejepscot Purchase, land bought in 1714 by a consortium from Boston and Portsmouth following the Treaty of Portsmouth, which brought peace between the Abenaki Indians and
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English settlements. In 1736, however, the Massachusetts General Court granted a large section of the land to veterans of the 1690 Battle of Quebec. Conflicting claims led to prolonged litigation; consequently, settlement was delayed until after the French and Indian Wars. Auburn was first settled in 1786 as part of Bakerstown, renamed Poland when it was incorporated by the Massachusetts General Court in 1795. It was then part of Minot, set off from Poland and incorporated in 1802. Auburn would itself be set off and incorporated on February 24, 1842. The name was apparently
inspired by “Auburn”, a village (real or fictitious) featured in the 1770 poem “The Deserted Village” by Oliver Goldsmith. Originally part of Cumberland County, the town became county seat of Androscoggin County at its creation in 1854. By annexing land from towns around it, including part of Poland in 1852, Minot in 1873, and all of Danville (first called Pejepscot) in 1867, Auburn grew geographically into one of Maine’s largest municipalities. Incorporated a city in 1868, Auburn in 1917 would be the first city in the state to adopt a council-manager form of government.
Farms supplied grain and produce, but with construction of the bridge to Lewiston in 1823, and especially after arrival of the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad from Portland in January 1848, the community developed into a mill town. Mills were built to operate by water power from falls on the Androscoggin River and Little Androscoggin River. In 1835, the factory system of shoe manufacture originated at Auburn. Other firms manufactured cotton and woolen textiles, carriages, iron goods, bricks and furniture. The population in 1860 was only about 4,000 but by 1890 it was about 12,000, World Views Guides | 2014
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Hapgood, were imprisoned for months after a Maine Supreme Judicial Court judge issued an injunction seeking to end the strike. 7.
when its shoe factories attracted many French Canadian immigrants, many of whom arrived by train from Quebec. Steady population growth continued to about 1960 when the population was about 24,500.
industry began to decline, and between 1957 and 1961 the largest manufacturers closed their factories.
In Auburn, shoe manufacturing became the dominant industry by the late 19th century. The City Seal, depicting a spindle with different types of shoes at each outside point, was designed when Auburn was positioning itself as the shoe manufacturing center of Maine in the mid-19th century. In 1917 one factory in Auburn was producing 75 percent of the world’s supply of white canvas shoes; however, after World War II the shoe
In 1937, one of the largest labor disputes in Maine history occurred in Lewiston and Auburn. The Lewiston-Auburn Shoe Strike lasted from March to June and at its peak involved 4,000 to 5,000 workers on strike. After workers attempted to march across the Androscoggin River from Lewiston to Auburn, Governor Lewis Barrows sent in the Maine Army National Guard. Some labor leaders, CIO Secretary Powers
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Lewiston-Auburn Shoe Strike
Main article: LewistonAuburn Shoe Strike
Geography
Auburn is located at 44°5′N 70°14′W (44.089, -70.241). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 65.74 square miles (170.27 km2), of which 59.33 square miles (153.66 km2) is land and 6.41 square miles (16.60 km2) is water. Auburn is drained by the Little Androscoggin River and Androscoggin River. 8. Demographics Historical population Census Pop. %± 1850 2,840 — 1860 4,022 41.6% 1870 6,169 53.4% 1880 9,555 54.9% 1890 11,250 17.7% 1900 12,951 15.1% 1910 15,064 16.3% 1920 16,985 12.8% 1930 18,571 9.3% 1940 19,817 6.7% 1950 23,134 16.7% 1960 24,449 5.7% 1970 24,151 −1.2% 1980 23,128 −4.2% 1990 24,039 3.9% 2000 23,203 −3.5% 2010 23,055 −0.6%
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1.
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 23,055 people, 9,974 households, and 5,818 families residing in the city. The population density was 388.6 inhabitants per square mile (150.0 /km2). There were 11,016 housing units at an average density of 185.7 per square mile (71.7 / km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.7% White, 2.5% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population. There were 9,974 households of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.9% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.7% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.8% had someone living World Views Guides
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alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.84. The median age in the city was 39.9 years. 22.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.1% were from 25 to 44; 27.9% were from 45 to 64; and 15.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female. 2.
or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.73% of the population. There were 9,764 households out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 23,203 people, 9,764 households, and 5,907 families residing in the city. The population density was 388.1 people per square mile (149.9/ km²). There were 10,608 housing units at an average density of 177.4 per square mile (68.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.04% White, 0.59% African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.59% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, and 1.32% from two
husband present, and 39.5% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.88. In the city the population
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was spread out with 23.2% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9
$19,942. About 9.0% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.6% of those under age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over. 9. 1.
Media Newspapers
• Lewiston Sun Journal prints a daily newspaper in four different editions statewide. The Sun Journal was the recipient of the 2008 New England Daily Newspaper of the Year and the 2009 Maine Press Association Newspaper of the Year. 2.
Magazines
including Edward Little High School. In addition, there are the following schools in the city: • St. Dominic Regional High School, a catholic high school • Central Maine Community College, community college 11. Transportation 1.
Roads
• Interstate 95 • US Route 202 • State Route 11 • State Route 4 • State Route 121 • State Route 136 • State Route 122
• Lewiston Auburn 2. By air Magazine, launched in April 2010, features Auburn is the home of the current events and history Auburn-Lewiston Airport. males. It is off of Hotel Road. of Lewiston/Auburn, with The median income for an emphasis on the people 3. Rail a six households in the who are helping to rebuild city was $35,652, and The Springfield Terminal the area. the median income for a is the main rail of the city. family was $44,012. Males It mostly stays next to US 10. Education had a median income of Public primary and Route 202. Although, that $32,088 versus $22,349 secondary education is is not the only one. The for females. The per capita provided by the Auburn St. Lawrence and Atlantic income for the city was School Department, rail also flows through the World Views Guides | 2014
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city. The St. Lawrence and Atlantic rail also goes by the Auburn-Lewiston Airport and splits into north, east, and south directions. 12. Government Auburn is in the Maine’s 2nd US Congressional District, Maine Senate District 15, and Maine House of Representatives Districts 68, 69, and 70. Auburn is divided up into five wards. The city’s governing body is a City Council, consisting of a mayor and 7 councilmembers (one from each of the five wards, and two elected at large). The mayor is elected at large. Auburn’s current Mayor is Jonathan LaBonte. He is the youngest mayor in the city’s history. John Jenkins is a former mayor and state senator from Auburn. 13. Sites of interest Androscoggin Historical Society & Museum— artifacts of local history, Civil War memorabilia, farming tools and a bird collection World Views Guides
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• Auburn Fire Department Museum—a collection of antique fire equipment from the city • Festival Plaza, completed in 2002—public park and performance space along the Androscoggin River. Two public water sculptures designed by artist Ross Miller operate seasonally - the Falls Fountain, that references the Androscoggin River and Native American legends of being able to hide behind the falls; and the Shoe Fountain, a series of cast bronze shoes recalling the early shoe manufacturing history of the area. A map of the Androscoggin River is cast into the plaza with colored concrete. • Good Shepherd Food Bank distributes food to agencies across the state from its main warehouse in Auburn • Hamster Point— Majestic river side gardens • Knight House Museum (1796) -- the oldest frame house downtown, with a pre-1835 handwork shoe shop
14. National historic places in Auburn A. A. Garcelon House (1890) • A n d r o s c o g g i n County Courthouse and Jail (1857) • Auburn Public Library (1903) • Barker Mill (1873) • Charles A. Jordan House (1880) • Charles L. Cushman House (1889) • Edward Little House (1827) • Engine House (1879) • First Universalist Church (1876) • Frank L. Dingley House (1867) • Free Baptist Church • Gay-Munroe House (1878) • Gilead Railroad Station, Former (1851) • Holman Day House (1895) • Horace Munroe House (1899) • Horatio G. Foss House (1914) • Lamoreau Site • Main Street Historic District • Roak Block (1871) • William A. Robinson
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House (1874) Sox • William Briggs • Olympia Snowe, Homestead (1797) U.S. Senator and U.S. Congresswoman 15. Notable people • Nathan Lyons Football Player Tony Atlas, wrestler • John Bower, skier • Lenny Breau, jazz guitarist • Alonzo Conant, Judge Auburn Municipal Court (1946-1958) • Aaron S. Daggett, last surviving Civil War general • T. A. D. Fessenden, U.S. Congressman • John Jenkins, mayor • Edward Little, philanthropist, educator • Robert Luce, U.S. Congressman • Cynthia McFadden, correspondent for ABC News • Elmer Drew Merrill, botanist • George Perkins Merrill, geologist • Julie M. J. Parisien, skier • Deborah Simpson, state legislator • Billy Silverman, referee • Charles Small, center fielder with the Boston Red World Views Guides
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Kennebec County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2010 census, the population was 122,151. Its county seat is Augusta, the state capital. The county was established on 20 February 1799 from portions of Cumberland and Lincoln Counties. The name Kennebec comes from the Eastern Abenaki /kínipekʷ/, meaning “large body of still water, large bay”. Kennebec County comprises the AugustaWaterville, ME Micropolitan Statistical Area. In 2010, the center of population of Maine was located in Kennebec County, in the city of Augusta. 1. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 951 square miles (2,460 km2), of which 868 square miles (2,250 km2) is land and 84 square miles (220 km2) (8.8%) is water. World Views Guides
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1.
Adjacent counties
Somerset County, Maine - north • Waldo County, Maine - east • Sagadahoc County, Maine - south • Lincoln County, Maine - south • A n d r o s c o g g i n County, Maine - southwest • Franklin County, Maine - northwest •
2. Demographics Historical population Census Pop. %± 1800 24,571 — 1810 32,564 32.5% 1820 42,623 30.9% 1830 52,485 23.1% 1840 55,823 6.4% 1850 62,521 12.0% 1860 55,655 −11.0% 1870 53,203 −4.4% 1880 53,058 −0.3% 1890 57,012 7.5% 1900 59,117 3.7% 1910 62,863 6.3% 1920 63,844 1.6% 1930 70,691 10.7% 1940 77,231 9.3% 1950 83,881 8.6% 1960 89,150 6.3% 1970 95,247 6.8% 1980 109,889 15.4% 1990 115,904 5.5% 2000 117,114 1.0% 2010 122,151 4.3% Est. 2013 121,164 −0.8%
As of the census of 2000, there were 117,114 people, 47,683 households, and 31,327 families residing in the county. The population density was 135 people
per square mile (52/km²). There were 56,364 housing units at an average density of 65 per square mile (25/ km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.45% White, 0.34% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.59% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and 1.02% from two or more races. 0.73% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 20.6% were of English, 17.4% French, 13.4% French Canadian, 10.9% United States or American and 9.9% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000. 92.5% spoke only English at home, while 5.48% spoke French . There were 47,683 households out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.60% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.30% were nonfamilies. 27.60% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.60%
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had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.89. In the county, the population was spread out with 23.80% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 28.60% from 25 to 44, 24.90% from 45 to 64, and 14.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 94.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.80 males.
1.
Religion
There are many churches in Kennebec county, the largest being: Baptist, Methodist, Episcopalian, Congregationalist, Unitarian, Church of the Nazarene, Church of Christ, Adventist and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday Saints (Mormons). However, the largest single denomination is Roman Catholicism.
In China Maine, there is no public Highschool, but a private school (Erskine Academy) exists, and the town pays for students tuition if they choose to attend. Students from Vassalboro can pick from one of four school districts (Cony in Augusta, Erskine, Winslow, or Waterville). However, many towns have local public highschools. 5. Communities
3. Economy
• Albion (county Kennebec County’s • Augusta seat) economy has traditionally • Belgrade been industrial. A large • Benton amount of paper and • Chelsea The median income for a textiles were produced, and • China household in the county mills sprung up all along • Clinton was $36,498, and the the Kennebec river. The • Farmingdale median income for a median house hold income • Fayette family was $43,814. Males is currently $36,498. The • Gardiner had a median income of unemployment rate is • Hallowell $32,279 versus $24,032 currently at 4.2% (lower • Litchfield for females. The per capita than it has been in a year). • Manchester income for the county was • Monmouth 4. Education $18,520. About 8.50% of • Mount Vernon families and 11.10% of There are three colleges: • Oakland the population were below Colby College and Thomas • Pittston the poverty line, including (both in Waterville), and • Randolph 13.20% of those under age the University of Maine • Readfield 18 and 10.20% of those at Augusta. There are 19 • Rome age 65 or over. school districts (however, • Sidney 4 are consolidated ones). World Views Guides | 2014
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Unity • Vassalboro • Vienna • Waterville • Wayne • West Gardiner • Windsor • Winslow • Winthrop
Cushnoc (or Coussinoc or Koussinoc), meaning “head of tide.” Fur trading was at first profitable, but with Indian uprisings and declining revenues, the Plymouth Colony sold the Kennebec Patent in 1661. Cushnoc would remain Augusta is the capital of the unoccupied for the next 75 years. U.S. state of Maine and the county seat of Kennebec A hotbed of Abenaki County, hostility toward British The city’s population settlements was located was 19,136 at the 2010 further up the Kennebec at census, making it the third- Norridgewock. In 1722, the smallest state capital (after tribe and its allies attacked Montpelier, Vermont and Fort Richmond (now Pierre, South Dakota) and Richmond) and destroyed the eighth-largest city in Brunswick. In response, Maine. Located on the Norridgewock was sacked Kennebec River at the head in 1724 during Dummer’s of tide, Augusta is home to War, when English forces the University of Maine at gained tentative control of the Kennebec. In 1754, Augusta. a blockhouse named Fort Western (now the oldest 6. History wooden fort in America), The area was first explored was built at Cushnoc on by the ill-fated Popham the eastern bank. It was Colony in September intended as a supply depot 1607. It was first inhabited for Fort Halifax upriver, as by English settlers from well as to protect its own the Plymouth Colony in region. In 1775, Benedict 1629 as a trading post on Arnold and his 1,100 the Kennebec River. The troops would use Fort settlement was known Western as a staging area by its Indian name— •
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before continuing their journey up the Kennebec to the Battle of Quebec. Cushnoc was incorporated as part of Hallowell in 1771. Known as “the Fort,” it was set off and incorporated by the Massachusetts General Court in February 1797 as Harrington. In August, however, the name changed to Augusta after Augusta Dearborn, daughter of Henry Dearborn. In 1799, it became county seat for newly created Kennebec County. Maine became a state in 1820 and Augusta was designated its capital in 1827. The Maine State Legislature continued meeting in Portland, however, until completion in 1832 of the new Maine State House designed by Charles Bulfinch. Augusta was chartered as a city in 1849. After being named the state capital and the introduction of new industry, the city flourished. In 1840 and 1850, the city ranked among the 100 largest urban populations. The next decade, however, the city was quickly bypassed by rapidly
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growing metropolises in In the 19th century, Augusta the Midwest. got a regular steamboat Excellent soil provided service and the railroad. for agriculture, and water The city installed gas power from streams lights in 1859. A telephone provided for industry. In service was available in 1837, a dam was built 1880 and a local hospital across the Kennebec where in 1898. In the early 20th the falls drop 15 feet at the century, Augusta built two head of tide. By 1838, 10 movie houses and a film production studio. sawmills were contracted. With the arrival of the Kennebec & Portland Railroad in 1851, Augusta became an even more productive mill town. In 1883, the property of A. & W. Sprague Company was purchased by the Edwards Manufacturing Company, which erected extensive brick mills for manufacturing cotton textiles. In the late 19th century, a paper and pulp plant was constructed. Other Augusta firms produced lumber, sash, doors, window shutters, broom handles, stone cutters’ tools, shoes, headstones, ice and furniture. The city developed as a publishing and shipping center. Today, government and postsecondary education are important businesses.
Hotel North from a 1906 postcard For much of Augusta’s history, the central business district was on and near Water Street on the west bank of the Kennebec River. The street, laid out in the late 1700s, was also the location of many of the government buildings. As the city grew and spread out the local government buildings moved further away from the business district. Many fires damaged this concentrated area, including one significant fire in 1865 that destroyed nearly 100 buildings. In 1890, the first trolley line began operation down Water Street, connecting Augusta with Gardiner and Hallowell to
the south. In 1932, buses replaced the trolley line. With the completion of the Maine Turnpike and Interstate 95 in 1955, local commercial developments began to move away from Water Street and closer to the highway. Since the 1980s, there has been an attempt by city officials to revitalize the downtown area. Surviving mill and factory buildings have been redeveloped into housing. The dam on the Kennebec was removed in 1999 and the area around the dam has been turned into a city park. The city hall and other local government departments were relocated to the eastern bank of the river in the 1980s. Since the mid-eighteenth century, there has been a military presence in Augusta. Fort Western has not had troops garrisoned there since the 1790s, but in 1828, the U.S. Government built an arsenal to protect their interests from Britain. During the Civil War, Augusta was a rendezvous point for soldiers traveling World Views Guides | 2014
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to the front. Many of the soldiers camped on the green in front of the capitol building. In 1862, Camp E.D. Keyes was established in the northwestern portion of the city. During World War I, Camp Keyes was used as a mobilization and training camp for soldiers. The camp eventually became a headquarters for the Maine National Guard. In 1929, the state legislature approved the placement of the Augusta State Airport next to the camp. As the airport grew, the use of the camp as a training facility was no longer possible. Today, it is still used for administrative and logistical purposes by he National Guard. 7. Geography Augusta is located at 44°19′25″N 69°45′55″W, making it the easternmost state capital in the United States. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 58.03 square miles (150.30 km2), of which 55.13 square miles (142.79 km2) is land and World Views Guides
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2.90 square miles (7.51 km2) is water. Augusta is drained by Bond’s Brook, Woromontogus Stream and the Kennebec River. 1.
Roads
The city is crossed by Interstate 95, U.S. Route 201, State Route 11, U.S. Route 202, State Route 9, State Route 3, State Route 100, State Route 27, State Route 8, State Route 104, and State Route 105. 2.
Bordering
Augusta borders the towns of Manchester to its west, Sidney and Vassalboro to its north, Windsor to its east, Chelsea to its south, and the city of Hallowell to its southwest. 3. Climate Augusta’s climate is classified as a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb). Summers are typically warm, rainy, and humid, while winters are cold, windy, and snowy. Spring and fall are usually mild, but conditions are widely varied, depending on wind direction and jet
stream positioning. The hottest month is July, with an average high temperature of 80 °F (26.7 °C). The coldest month is January, with an average low of 10 °F (−12.2 °C). Most snowfall occurs from December through March. There is usually little or no snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. 8. Demographics Historical population Year Pop. ±% 1790 — 1800 1,216 — 1810 1,805 +48.4% 1820 2,451 +35.8% 1830 3,980 +62.4% 1840 5,314 +33.5% 1850 8,225 +54.8% 1860 7,609 −7.5% 1870 7,808 +2.6% 1880 8,665 +11.0% 1890 10,527 +21.5% 1900 11,683 +11.0% 1910 13,211 +13.1% 1920 14,114 +6.8% 1930 17,198 +21.9% 1940 19,360 +12.6% 1950 20,913 +8.0% 1960 21,680 +3.7% 1970 21,945 +1.2% 1980 21,819 −0.6% 1990 21,325 −2.3% 2000 18,560 −13.0% 2010 19,136 +3.1%
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2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 19,136 people, 8,802 households, and 4,490 families residing in the city. The population
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density was 347.1 inhabitants per square mile (134.0 /km2). There were 9,756 housing units at an average density of 177.0 per square mile (68.3 / km2). The racial makeup of the city was 94.1% White, 1.1% African American, 0.7% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population. There were 8,802 households of which 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.2% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 49.0% were non-families. 39.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.08 and the average family size was 2.76. The median age in the city
was 43.2 years. 18.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26% were from 25 to 44; 29.4% were from 45 to 64; and 18% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.
and 1.3% from two or more races. 0.86% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 8,565 households out of which 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.2% were non-families. 38.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of 2. 2000 census age or older. The average As of the census of 2000, household size was 2.10 there were 18,560 people, and the average family size 8,565 households, and was 2.77. 4,607 families residing in the city. The population density was 335.1 people per square mile (129.4/ km²). There were 9,480 housing units at an average density of 171.2 per In the city, the population square mile (66.1/km²). was spread out with 20.5% The racial makeup of the under the age of 18, 8.7% city was 96.21% White, from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 0.50% Black or African 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to American, 0.48% Native 64, and 17.7% who were 65 American, 1.35% Asian, years of age or older. The 0.01% Pacific Islander, median age was 40 years. 0.16% from other races, For every 100 females World Views Guides | 2014
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there were 89.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.5 males.
elementary schools that are spread throughout the city. Cony High School is the public high school that serves students in grades 7–12 from Augusta and the surrounding towns. St. Michaels is the private Catholic school that children from Augusta and surround towns may attend for tuition. The median income for a household in the city 10. Media was $29,921, and the median income for a 1. Newspaper family was $42,230. Males had a median income of • Kennebec Journal, $31,209 versus $22,548 daily newspaper for capitol area for females. The per capita income for the city was 2. Radio $19,145. About 11.4% of families and 15.0% of the • WJZN, oldies population were below • WMDR, religious the poverty line, including • WMME-FM, top-40 19.2% of those under age • WTOS, rock 18 and 9.8% of those age • WVQM, talk 65 or over. • WWTP, religious 9. Education There are five public schools, one private school, one college (the University of Maine at Augusta), and two public libraries in Augusta. Farrington, Gilbert, Hussey, and Lincoln are the four public World Views Guides
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3.
Television
Augusta is part of the Portland television market, and receives most of that market’s channels. WCBB channel 10, licensed to Augusta, is the local television outlet for the Maine Public Broadcasting
Network. 11. Sites of interest • Blaine House • Fort Western • Holocaust and Human Rights Center of Maine at the University of Maine at Augusta • Lithgow Public Library • Maine State House • Maine State Museum • Viles Arboretum 12. Notable people Ambrose Abbott, state Congressman • Martha Ballard, midwife • James G. Blaine, secretary of state and presidential nominee • Horatio Bridge, navy officer • Beverly Daggett, President of the Maine Senate • Melville Fuller, Illinois politician • George Huntington Hartford owned the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, the country’s largest food retailer at the time of his death. • John F. Hill, former •
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Maine governor quarterback with the • Paul LePage, Maine Buffalo Bills governor • Reuel Williams, U.S. • Robert Deniston Senator Hume, Oregon politician • Willard G. Wyman, and businessman general • Eastman Johnson, artist • George W. Ladd, U.S. Congressman • Dorianne Laux, poet • Henry A. McMasters, recipient of the Medal of Honor • Rachel Nichols, actress • Frederick W. Plaisted Mayor of Augusta, 48th Governor of Maine • Frederick G. Payne, 60th Governor of Maine • David Peoples, athlete and golfer • John F. Potter, congressman, judge • Luther Severance, publisher, U.S. Congressman and Senator • Olympia Snowe, U.S. Senator • John L. Stevens, United States minister to Kingdom of Hawaii, accused of attempting to overthrow Hawaiian Queen, 1893 • Manch Wheeler, World Views Guides | 2014
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