5m Community The University of Melbourne Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning Opportunistic Urbanism studio I November 2016 I RuRu Wu
Agenda
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5m Community
Inspiration
Proposals
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I. Anastasia Chranioti & Daan Zandbelt’s The 1/4 Million problem 6
Wiki everything!
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Site A - Casper Street
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II. Jeremy McLeod’s Nightingale Projects
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III. Failed Architecture’s Housing Crisis
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Site B - Singel Street
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IV. Wooden House
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Site C - Hugo Street
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V. Living in Blijdorp, Rotterdam
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Delft West Skyline 2030
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Context & Brief South Holland & Delft
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Delft Housing Crisis
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Site Condition
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Case Studies Australian Alternation / Extension
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Melbourne Postcode 3000
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Havana’s Parasitic Architecture
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Contents
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To construct from bottom-up with a collective the investment in and by local neighbourhoods that provide modest, and custom-made living spaces that allow property owners to build close relationships with long-term tenants. The aim of this densified process is to provide quality living spaces which transit existing dwellings with energyfriendly and socially equitable opportunities. The construction method should allow adjustments flexibility for future usage.
Agenda
Resilient Living
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Life Quality
Sustainable & Attractive Environment Recreation, Culture, Nature, Knowledge Diversity & Specialisation
Freedom of Choice
Welfare
Agglomeration
Density, Growth, Cohesion
Bakery
Sharing Space
Cupcakes
Accessibility High Quality Multimodal Connections
Agglomeration, life quality, and accessibility are three essential components to achieve welfare for urban living. Urban agglomeration can be understanding as population density. Higher density allows multiple types of transport and improved connections. It also allows diversity and specialisation to happen. This improves the quality of life. For example, there might be a bakery in a small country town. Meanwhile, a cupcake shop can survive in a city and a mega city can make a vegan cupcake shop happen.
Vegan Cupcakes
Inspiration I - Achieve Urban Welfare Anastasia Chranioti & Daan Zandbelt’s South Randstad Welfare
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“Cutting the middle man is good, but a more active government is better. Good housing for everyone is fundamental, and the market can never deliver it all. Intelligent, energy-friendly and beautiful architecture can be the expression of socially diverse cities that aim to be more than financial growth machines.” - Mark Minkjan and René Boer
Failed Architecture, 1 July 2016 Self-Builds: Between Unruly Real Estate Markets and Failed Housing Policies
What is supplied in a profit driven property market does not necessarily provide good housing. Developers are often looking for quick sales and real estate agents are encourages “best sale” housing typologies which dp not necessarily fit the real needs of the space users. Property managers are breaking the relationship between landlords and tenants.
Inspiration II - Property Supply Chain From Developer Ao Real Estate Agent And Investor
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Current construction industry does not provide fairly and transparently priced, dwellings designed for people, community and the environment. Nightingale Projects aims to deliver custom-made, quality, city living by establishing a development model that is easily replicated and benefits the community.
Quality and well-designed housing is critical to securing individual and collective wellbeing, economic progress and ultimately social prosperity in urban environments.
25% of Australian’s population are private renters, but the Nightingale model can only provide properties to owner-occupiers.
Inspiration III - Nightingale Projects Melbourne Context’s No Middle Man, Please!
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September 2016, the journey to Wooden House by M3H Architekten in Bellamy, Amsterdam was an inspired trip. Not the wooden House itself but the two houses next door. Unlike Wooden House which has full-height windows on the facade with the curtains that the residents close to maintain their privacy. In contrast, there is a neighbour down the street has a invention which encourages activities in the street. There is a fixed concrete bench in front of the building with setback creating a sense of refuge. These small gesture brings social interaction in a small street which has little and wide footpath.
Inspiration IV - Wooden House’s Wenslauer Street Infilled Inventions Save The World
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During my visit to Blijdrop, Rotterdam, a residential suburb accommodation located in northern Rotterdam. I stayed in Airbnb consisting of a walk-up apartment occupying the second and third floors of the building. The apartment shares a staircase with another apartment downstairs. In the middle of the landing area of the staircase is neighbours’ secondary door separate from the main door in the street facade.
Inspiration V - Airbnb in Blijdorp, Rotterdam Vertical Living In The Cities
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10km to Den Haag Total 510,909 I Density 6,240/km2
Delft Total 99,737 I Density 4,371/km2
18km to Rotterdam Total 619,879 I Density 2,969/km2
South Holland is the most populated area in Holland. In metro scale, Delft is well located, only 10km from Den Haag and 18km from Rotterdam. It has excellent train services and a high quality of living.
Delft West Agglomeration South Randstad Welfare
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Delft West (Olofsbuur) is a residential suburb located in the western suburb of Delft City. Surrounding Delft West are educational facilities (TU Delft) and future developments which include an urban renewal proposal in Delft South (Schieoevers) and a proposed technology centre (Technopoli). For a long time Delft West was separated from Delft City by the railway. Since last decade, the railway underground sealing gap between Delft West to Delft City.
Delft West (Olofsbuurt) Delft Station Delft City TU Delft
These developments will shape Delft West dramatically in the near future. They will create job opportunities and increase the population of Delft. For its welfare, it already has quality of life and accessibility. It has opportunity to enhance agglomeration and make the CUPCAKE EFFECT happens in Delft West!
Delft South (Schieoevers)
Technopoli
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Cupcake Delft
Density, Growth & Cohesion
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In TU Delft university’s official website for student accommodation, students are encouraged to find accommodation ASAP due to the student rental shortage in Delft.
Get a Place in Delft Strategy A - You’d Got To Be Quick!
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Social Housing Supply 80 60 40 20 2016
2030 Year
House Price Index (Source: CBS)
It is projected the Social housing supply will be reduced by 30%. It is foreseen that social housing will shift to the private sector property market. Meanwhile, the property prices have increased by 80% in the past two decades. Who can now afford to buy a property? Hopefully not only covetous developers and investors.
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Get a Place in Delft
Stratege B - You’d Got To Be Rich!
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?
Existing rooftop alternations in Delft West are common. However, they all belong to the same property owners downstairs.
Delft West Rooftop Extension by Anonymous Stealth Cohesive Rooftop Addition
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Typical Australian suburban alterations extend the rear part of the dwellings to enlarge the indoor space. Here is an example in Sydney by Nobbs Radford Architects called Benn Penna Balmain House. It is a well-designed extension, but still, it is a privilege for middle-class only!
Australian Suburban Alteration / Extension Nothing Improved Except Indoor Area
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Melbourne Postcode 3000 provides incentive to allow higher density growth in Melbourne CBD. One example is the apartment I live in which had a rooftop alteration 15 years ago. The development removed the existing common area in the top most level and built another two storey instead.
Although this added seven units in our apartment, each of them cost more than one million and we do not have a common area anymore.
Melbourne Postcode 3000
Does Luxury Penthouses Provide Affordability & Better Community?
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In Today’s Havana, Cuba, there is not enough housing supplied by its communalist government. People began occupying the previous rooftop units which were originally accommodation for the servants working for hosts downstairs. Although, the living quality is not necessary good, the city density
increased by these bottom-up parasitic architecture.
Havana Cuba 2016 Parasitic Architecture
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Number 4 to 122 Hugo Street. The most commercial part in Delft West.
Hugo Street 2016 Existing Streetscape
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It has variety of historical building styles.
Hugo Street 2016 Existing Street Profile
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Typical developments increase population density, remove the existing neighbourhood characteristics and produce landfill by demolishing existing buildings.
Hugo Street 2030
Is High-rise Apartment A Solution?
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Five meters rooftop addition to maintain the identity of existing neighbourhood characteristics and increase the density‌
5m
Hugo Street 2030 5m Community
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5m Community maintains identity of the existing neighbourhood characteristics and increase the density and enhance the living quality by adding small units on top of the existing buildings.
Hugo Street 2030 5m Community For Quality Of Life
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1. Wiki Ideas Collective ideas from Local investors. The developments should build what the society needs and not what the developers wants!
2. Local Community Investment Small investment capital and share risk among the neighbourhood investors. This creates long-term rental yield for local financial security.
Images left source: Wiki House website
4. Community Build and Management From constructing to managing 5m Community projects, the 5m Model allows the community to build and manage the projects directly. This can eliminate middle men like real estate agents and building managers. Also, renters who lives in 5m projects feel a sense of belonging!!
3. Custom-Made Sustainability 5m Rooftop custom designs suit the tenants’ and communities’ needs. They are ultra low-energy to run and easy to maintain. Building structures are prefabricated LVL panels (2400mm x 1200mm x 18mm) produced local by CNC machines to reduce carbon footprint. The prefabricated LVL parts are designed to be easy to assemble and disassemble, which allows future adjustment and adoption.
5m Community project cycle Community, financing & Carbon Footprint
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Site A 50 Caspar Street
Site B 77 Singel Street
Site C 24 Hugo Street
Caspar Street
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Delf t W est (O lofs
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5m Community Sites - A, B & C
50 Caspar Street, 77 Singel Street & 24 Hugo Street
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4. 5
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Site A - The elderly living on the lower levels with a young student living in the rooftop level. 0 9. m
Site A
Caspar Street
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Site A - 50 Caspar Street Accessibility For the Elderly
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11% of Delft West population is 65 years old or older.
Site A - 50 Caspar Street Existing Walk-up Apartment
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5m Community added on the rooftop behind existing pitch roof. Meanwhile, a lift to provided to create accessibility to the elderly.
Site A - 50 Caspar Street 5m Community
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A modest addition behind the building facade. The visual impact to the street level is minimal.
Site A - 50 Caspar Street Street Perspective
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5 5.
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Site B - A cottage allows life changing events happening within the same address.
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Site B
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Site B - 77 Singel Street For Life Changing Events
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The most common demography in Delft West is unmarried (51%) single person household (41%).
Site B - 77 Singel Street Existing Neighbourhood
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The most common demography in Delft West is 41% single person household and 25% are households without children.
Site B - 77 Singel Street Extension At The Rear
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The largest age group is 45 to 65 years old occupies 31% and households with children are second largest population at 33%.
Site B - 77 Singel Street 5m Community
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Delft West 13% of population is 15 to 25 years old teenagers.
Site B - 77 Singel Street Minimise Visual Impact To The Street - Setback
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In the coming 15 years, Delft West’s major population will shift from middle-age to retired age. Their children will grow up but is the existing housing typology ready for the changes?
Site B - 77 Singel Street
Minimise Visual Impact To The Street - Roof Ridge Rotation
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5m addition allows life changing events happen, and family and neighbours can maintain close relationships.
Site B - 77 Singel Street Street View
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2 8.
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Site C - Commercial ground floor and rooftop residential for longterm rental. m
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Site C - 24 Hugo Street For Resilient Living
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Existing Site C building has two main doors in the facade but was occupied by a single family only.
Site C - 24 Hugo Street Existing Neighbourhood
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Compare to 50 years ago, there usually were 5 people lived in a 60m2 household but it is 125 m2 per household today.
Site C - 24 Hugo Street 5m Community
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To increase population density and to maintain good quality of life in Delft West requires the consideration of visual impact, shadow and overlooking issues to neighbourhood.
Site C - 24 Hugo Street
Minimise Visual Impact To The Street - Setback
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Wiki House construction methods allow a wide range of roof shapes which can meet tenants’ spacial needs.
Site C - 24 Hugo Street Roof Shape Modification To Provide Better Indoor Function
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Various building forms can be applied individually depends on each site conditions. It also provide energy efficiency and urban greenery!
Site C - 24 Hugo Street Energy Efficient & Biophilia Invention
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Biophilia concepts like rooftop gardens and vertical gardens can be opportunities to bring Delft West more green.
Site C - 24 Hugo Street
Mix Use - Residential Rooftop & Commercial Ground Level
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A
Dinging Area
Living Room Up
Kitchen
Down Bath
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1m
3m
5m
Site C - 24 Hugo Street
Lower Level - Living Room, Dining, & Bath
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Living Room Below
Dinging Area Below
Down
Bed Room
Walk-in wardrobe
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1m
3m
5m
Site C - 24 Hugo Street Upper level Loft - Bedroom
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1m
3m
5m
Site C - 24 Hugo Street Street Elevation
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1m
3m
5m
Level 3 A TU Delft student from Vietnam. Now he is a freelancer architect works in his mix-use rooftop studio.
Level 2 A single mother lives here with her child.
Level 1 This young couple work in Delft City.
Ground Level A baker just opened his 5m Cupcake Cafe. Customers can also have a cup of coffee in the backyard.
Site C - 24 Hugo Street Section A-A
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Site C - 24 Hugo Street Light and Air
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5m projects minimise the shadow to the neighbourhood’s secluded private open space.
12pm Shadow
10am Shadow
3pm Shadow
1m
3m
5m
Site C - 24 Hugo Street Shadow Diagram 10am to 3pm
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Rules-based planning & building codes
Upgrade / densification of existing homes
Genuinely affordable custom build homes
1000s of micro / infill sites Circular, low energy neighbourhoods
Resilient communities Local microfactories
Open source building technologies Open performance data
Local jobs & skills
5m Community creates a new skyline and brings opportunities to Delft West. Delft West 2030 Delft West 5m Skyline
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