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Social Studies
SOCIAL STUDIES
VOCABULARY SOCIAL STUDIES
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GEOGRAPHY UNIT 1 : PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ASIA
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
1 hemisphere (n.) ซีกโลก Mainland Asia is in the northern hemisphere.
2 sparsely (adv.) อย่างเบาบาง Siberia is sparsely populated due to the extremely cold climate.
3 permafrost (n.) ชั้นดินเยือกแข็ง คงตัว Permafrost is an area of land which is permanently frozen below the surface.
4 infertile (adj.) ไม่อุดมสมบูรณ์ Siberia is sparsely populated due to its infertile land.
5 vegetation (n.) พืชพรรณ The natural vegetation of Siberia includes long stretches of coniferous 6 forest.
coniferous forest (n.) ป่าสน
7 inhabit (v.) อยู่อาศัย Siberia is the coldest place in the world that is inhabited.
8 plateau (n.) ที่ราบสูง Tibetan Plateau is the highest plateau in the world.
9 peninsula (n.) คาบสมุทร Kamchatka peninsula contains about 160 volcanoes.
10 landlocked (adj.) ไม่มีทางออกสู่ ทะเล Central Asia is a large landlocked region.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
11 continental (adj.) ภาคพื้นทวีป Kazakhstan has a continental climate with very cold winters and very hot summers.
12 arid (adj.) แห้งแล้ง Climate of Central Asia is arid.
13 steppe (n.) ทุ่งหญ้าสเตปป์, ทุ่งหญ้ากึ่งทะเล ทราย A steppe is a dry, grassy plain which exists in temperate climates.
14 altitude (n.) ระดับความสูง The temperature in the high altitude zone decreases at an approximate rate of 1 degree Celsius for every 170 meters of altitude.
15 tectonic plate (n.) แผ่นเปลือกโลก Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
16 subcontinent (n.) อนุทวีป South Asia is a subcontinent because it rests on its own tectonic plate, Indian plate.
17 monsoon (n.) มรสุม In Summer, the Southwest monsoon provides India with most of its rainfall. 18 windward (adj.) หันเข้าหาลม The rainfall measurement is high on the windward side of the region and 19 leeward (adj.) ไม่ได้รับลม low on the leeward side.
20 temperate (adj.) อบอุ่น A lot of people choose to live in temperate regions of the world.
21 tropical (adj.) เขตร้อน Climate in India ranges from tropical in the south to temperate in the north. 22 wetland (n.) พื้นที่ชุ่มน�้า
23 mangrove forest (n.) ป่าชายเลน Many protected wetlands in India are tropical mangrove forests.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
24 precipitation (n.) หยาดน�้าฟ้า Deserts have very low precipitation and humidity.
UNIT 2 : NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT OF ASIA
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
25 irrigation (n.) การชลประทาน
The people of East Asia have developed water control techniques such as irrigation systems. 26 radioactive (adj.) กัมมันตภาพรังสี Radioactive contamination from nuclear plants and nuclear testing has 27 caused medical problems.
contamination (n.) การปนเปื้อน
28 stable (adj.) มั่นคง The Tibetan Plateau is not stable, so earthquakes continually occur.
29 shrink (v.) หดตัว
The shrinking of the Aral Sea 30 devastate (v.) devastates a thriving fishing industry.
ท�าลาย, สร้าง ความเสียหาย อย่างรุนแรง 31 landslide (n.) ดินถล่ม Landslides are common in the lower Himalayas.
32 overgrazing (n.) การปล่อยให้สัตว์ แทะเล็มพืชคลุม ดินมากเกินไป Overgrazing occurs when too many animals graze for too long, damaging the grasses and their roots.
33 endangered (adj.)
34 arable (adj.) เป็นอันตราย, ถูกคุกคาม The Bengal tiger and the Asian elephant are critically endangered species.
เหมาะแก่การ เพาะปลูก West Asia has very little arable land.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
35 deforestation (n.) การตัดไม้ ท�าลายป่า
36 erosion (n.) การกร่อน
37 drought (n.) ความแห้งแล้ง The impact of deforestation includes loss of species’ habitat, flooding, soil erosion, and smoke from forest burning.
The failure of the monsoon rain results in drought causing large crop losses.
38 livestock (n.) ปศุสัตว์ Pigs, poultry and fish are the main livestock in China.
39 desertification (n.) การกลายสภาพ เป็นทะเลทราย Desertification is a major problem in the Middle East.
40 hydropower (n.) พลังน�้า China has the world’s largest potential for developing hydropower.
UNIT 3 : POPULATIONS AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS IN ASIA
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
41 indigenous (adj.) พื้นเมือง Siberia is home to many different indigenous people.
42 ethnic group (n.) กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ China officially recognizes 56 ethnic groups. 43 minorities (n.) ชนกลุ่มน้อย There are tensions between several minorities and the Han people in 44 tension (n.) ความตึงเครียด China.
45 poverty (n.) ความยากจน Over 300 million people in India live in poverty.
46 rural (adj.) ชนบท In India, people migrate from rural areas to urban areas for better job 47 urban (adj.) เมือง opportunities.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
48 urbanization (n.) การท�าให้เป็นเมือง Urbanization in India increases rapidly because of widespread immigration from rural villages.
49 population density (n.) ความหนาแน่น ของประชากร Indian cities have very high population density.
50 overcrowding (n.) ความแออัด ยัดเยียด Due to overcrowding, Mumbai is one of the most polluted cities in India.
51 unrest (n.) ความไม่สงบ Afghanistan has suffered from military
unrest.
52 multicultural (adj.) หลากหลายทาง วัฒนธรรม India has a multicultural society.
53 immigration (n.) การอพยพ, การย้ายถิ่นเข้า ประเทศ
54 overseas (adj.) โพ้นทะเล As a result of massive immigration, the overseas Chinese became a large percentage of overall population in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand.
55 cultural assimilation (n.) การกลืนกลายทาง วัฒนธรรม The Uyghurs and Tibetans currently fight against Chinese cultural assimilation.
56 terrorist (n.) ผู้ก่อการร้าย The Chinese government branded some Uyghurs as terrorists.
57 policy (n.) นโยบาย China has adopted the One-child policy to limit the country’s population growth.
58 investment (n.) การลงทุน China welcomed foreign investments 59 manufacturing (n.) to support the growth of the manufacturing sector.การผลิต
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
60 cooperation (n.) ความร่วมมือ
61 literacy (n.) การรู้หนังสือ Xi Jinping’s project focuses on improving connectivity and cooperation among multiple countries.
Literacy rate in India has been increasing as more people receive a better education.
UNIT 4 : CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT OF ASIA
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
62 dominant (adj.) เด่น The Han have been the dominant ethnic group in China for centuries.
63 originate (v.) ก�าเนิดขึ้น, เริ่มต้นขึ้น Four major world religions originated in India.
64 official language (n.)
ภาษาราชการ Hindi and English are official languages of India. 65 atheist (adj.) ไม่เชื่อในพระเจ้า China is officially an atheist country.
66 Confucianism (n.) ลัทธิขงจื่อ Confucianism is the most widely practiced faith in China.
67 feng shui (n.) ฮวงจุ้ย Throughout East Asia, there is a widespread practice of feng shui.
68 dialect (n.) ภาษาถิ่น Chinese language is spoken in different dialects in different parts of China.
69 animism (n.) วิญญาณนิยม, การนับถือผี Animism is a belief that exists all over Southeast Asia.
70 enforce (v.) บังคับใช้ In Islamic countries like Saudi Arabia, Islamic law is enforced in all aspects of daily life.
HISTORY UNIT 1 : CHINESE CIVILIZATION
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
1 dynasty (n.) ราชวงศ์ Xia dynasty was the first dynasty of China.
2 oracle bone (n.) กระดูกเสี่ยงทาย Historians know the history of early China through the oracle bones.
3 warlord (n.) ขุนศึก The kings chose warlords to govern the kingdom’s territories.
4 aristocrat (n.) ชนชั้นสูง The warlords and other royal officials made up the upper class, or aristocrats.
5 ancestor (n.) บรรพบุรุษ People in ancient China honored their ancestors.
6 ruler (n.) ผู้ปกครอง Chinese rulers claimed that the
7 Mandate of Heaven (n.) อาณัติแห่งสวรรค์ Mandate of Heaven gave them the right to rule.
8 filial piety (n.) ความกตัญญู กตเวที
9 philosophy (n.) ปรัชญา
10 Daoism (n.) ลัทธิเต๋า
11 Legalism (n.) ลัทธินิตินิยม
12 humanity (n.) มนุษยธรรม Chinese families practice filial piety, which means that children had to respect their parents and older relatives.
During the time of disorder, three new philosophies developed in China: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism.
Confucianism taught about humanity, which consisted of a sense of compassion and empathy for others.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
13 emperor (n.) จักรพรรดิ Qin Shi Huangdi was the first emperor of China.
14 unify (v.) รวมเข้าด้วยกัน Qin Shi Huangdi used harsh methods to unify China.
15 nomad (n.) ชนเผ่าเร่ร่อน The Great Wall was built to protect China from the nomads in the north.
16 civil service examination (n.) การสอบเข้ารับ ราชการ
The civil service examination was introduced in the Han dynasty. 17 pilgrimage (n.) จาริกแสวงบุญ During the Tang dynasty, a Buddhist monk named Xuanzang made a pilgrimage to India and translated the 18 scripture (n.) คัมภีร์ sacred scriptures of Buddhism from Sanskrit into Chinese. 19 invention (n.) การประดิษฐ์, สิ่งประดิษฐ์ The invention of printing was very important because it helped to spread ideas more rapidly.
20 literature (n.) วรรณกรรม The Tang dynasty is viewed as the golden age of literature, especially
21 poetry (n.) กวีนิพนธ์ poetry.
22 calligraphy (n.)
23 porcelain (n.) ศิลปะการเขียนตัว อักษร
เครื่องเคลือบ, เครื่องลายคราม Calligraphy was used in writing poetry.
China traded tea, steel, paper, and porcelain.
24 conquer (v.) เอาชนะ
25 barbarian (n.) คนป่าเถื่อน, อนารยชน The Mongols conquered China and created a new dynasty called Yuan dynasty.
The Chinese thought that the Europeans were barbarians.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
26 voyage (n.) การเดินทาง, การเดินเรือ As a result of Zheng He’s voyages, Chinese merchants settled in Southeast Asia and India.
27 tribute (n.) บรรณาการ If foreign states wished to trade with China, they had to pay tributes to the Chinese emperors.
28 opium (n.) ฝิ่น The British sold opium to China in the early 19th century. 29 treaty (n.) สนธิสัญญา The Treaty of Nanjing gave Britain the island of Hong Kong and granted 30 British citizens in China extraterritorial rights.
extraterritorial rights (n.) สิทธิสภาพ นอกอาณาเขต
31 rebellion (n.) กบฏ The Taiping Rebellion was led by Hong Xiuquan, a Christian convert who viewed himself as a younger brother of Jesus Christ.
32 humiliation (n.) ความอัปยศ In the 19th century, China had faced
years of humiliation. 33 overthrow (v.) ล้มล้างอ�านาจ After the Qing dynasty was
34 republic (n.) สาธารณรัฐ overthrown, the Republic of China was established.
35 intellectual (adj.) ทางปัญญา The May Fourth Movement was an intellectual, social and political reform 36 reform (n.) การปฏิรูป movement that occurred in China in 1917 - 1921.
37 Communism (n.) ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์ Communism is a political and economic system that seeks to create a classless society in which the major means of production are owned and controlled by the public.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
38 party (n.) พรรคการเมือง In 1921, the Chinese Communist Party was established in Shanghai.
39 invade (v.) บุก, รุกราน Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931. 40 surrender (v.) ยอมแพ้ In 1945, Japan surrendered in World War II.
41 seize (v.) ยึด
42 landlord (n.) เจ้าของที่ดิน Mao Zedong seized the lands and properties of landlords.
43 incentive (n.) สิ่งจูงใจ In a communist state, people have no incentive to work hard.
44 uprising (n.) การจลาจล The Red Guards led a major uprising 45 revolution (n.) การปฏิวัติ known as the Cultural Revolution.
46 capitalism (n.) ทุนนิยม Deng Xiaoping adopted the idea of capitalism to help China’s economy.
47 execute (v.) ประหารชีวิต Intellectuals and anyone who resisted the revolution were executed.
48 massacre (n.) การสังหารหมู่ Tiananmen Massacre happened because the students called for freedom and democracy.
49 human rights (n.) สิทธิมนุษยชน China's human rights record has been criticized for years.
UNIT 2 : INDIAN CIVILIZATION
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
50 drainage (n.) การระบายน�้า The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were best known for their drainage system.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
51 caste system (n.) ระบบวรรณะ India’s caste system divided people into specific social and economic classes.
52 deity (n.) เทพเจ้า The Aryans believed in many deities who controlled the forces of nature.
53 reunite (v.) รวมกันอีกครั้ง
54 reincarnation (n.) การเวียนว่ายตาย เกิด Hindus believe that every living being has a soul that wants to be reunited with Brahman.
This idea of passing through many lives to reach the Brahman is called reincarnation.
55 karma (n.) กรรม The consequences of how a person lives are known as karma.
56 Four Noble Truths (n.)
57 enlightenment (n.) อริยสัจ 4 The heart of the Buddha’s teachings is contained in the Four Noble Truths.
การตรัสรู้ At age 35, Siddhartha reached enlightenment while sitting beneath a tree.
58 nirvana (n.) นิพพาน If a person gave up all desires, he or she would reach nirvana.
59 pillar (n.) เสา Emperor Ashoka ordered laborers to carve the Buddha’s teachings on stone pillars.
60 epic (n.) มหากาพย์ Mahabharata is the longest epic of the world.
61 abolish (v.) ล้มเลิก Emperor Akbar abolished the tax on non-Muslims.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
62 tolerance (n.) ขันติธรรม
63 suffer (v.) ทุกข์ทรมาน
64 famine (n.) ภาวะข้าวยาก หมากแพง, ทุพภิกขภัย Tolerance is the willingness to accept opinions or behavior that are different from your own, although you might not agree with them.
While Shah Jahan was building gardens, monuments, and forts, his country was suffering with famine.
65 oppression (n.) การกดขี่ Aurangzeb lost his power due to his oppression of the people.
66 collapse (v.) การพังทลาย, การล่มสลาย After the Mughal empire collapsed, many small states broke away from Mughal control.
67 trading post (n.) สถานีการค้า The British East India Company set up trading posts at Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta.
68 colony (n.) อาณานิคม The British considered India as the most valuable of all British colonies.
69 colonialism (n.) ระบอบอาณานิคม Colonialism collapsed after the end of World War II.
70 imperialism (n.) ลัทธิจักรวรรดินิยม The British imperialism of India was a time when the British ruled Colonial India.
71 racism (n.) การเหยียด เชื้อชาติ The British officers had an attitude of racism toward Indian people.
72 modernize (v.) ท�าให้ทันสมัย On the positive side, Britain's influence in India enabled India to modernize.
No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence
73 nationalism (n.) ชาตินิยม
Nationalism triggered independence movements to overthrow colonial powers. 74 radical (adj.) หัวรุนแรง Radical nationalists carried out acts of violence to show their hatred of British 75 violence (n.) ความรุนแรง rule.
76 civil disobedience (n.) อารยะขัดขืน Gandhi launched his campaign of civil disobedience to weaken the British government’s authority and economic power over India.
77 boycott (v.) คว�่าบาตร Gandhi called on Indians to boycott British goods.
78 independence (n.) เอกราช India gained its independence in 1947.
79 partition (n.) การแบ่งแยก ประเทศ Partition was the term given to the division of India into separate Hindu and Muslim nations.
80 democracy (n.) ประชาธิปไตย Jawaharlal Nehru emphasized democracy, unity, and economic modernization.
