February 16, 2019

Volume 30 Number 42 • February 16, 2019

®

The Weekly News Source for Wyoming’s Ranchers, Farmers and AgriBusiness Community • www.wylr.net

A Look Inside Bull sales have begun to ramp up for the 2019 sale season. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pages A10-11 The Green New Deal’s vague nature provides more questions than answers. . . . . . . . Page B6 Taters for Tots program brings agriculture to elementary students in Lingle. . . . . . . Page B8 Wyoming Ag in the Classroom is expanding its bookmark program to include technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page B9

Quick Bits DOI Goals The Interior Department has set out a timeline for increased timber cuts and other “active management” of federal forests embraced by President Trump in December. In a secretarial order, No. 3372, written on Jan. 2, former Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke set out a series of deadlines to “identify and remove” environmental hurdles for forest management projects, identify salvage logging projects and begin other measures aimed at reducing wildfire risks.

Decision-making provides barrier to ranch success Worland – “Dysfunctional decision-making leads to dysfunctional farms,” commented Andy Junkin. “This trend is killing us.”

Junkin, a seventh-generation farmer from Canada and expert in farm decision science, headlined 2019’s

WESTI Ag Days, a two-day event highlighting a variety of production topics for farmers and ranchers. During his presentation, which included a four-hour workshop, Junkin emphasized the necessity of learning to communicate and make

decisions as a family to improve the business.

“The real villain of our times is not the bank, cattle prices or our family members,” he said. “The real villain is the dysfunctional way we make decisions together.”

Junkin continued, “If we can make decisions as a family, profitability will skyrocket, and we’ll get rid of our frustrations. Then, farming gets fun again.”

Helping ranches Junkin works with Please see PLAN on page A6

GRAZING FOR THE LANDSCAPE MCGRATH HIGHLIGHTS STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE RANGE

“One of the things we need to think about when we’re talking about adaptive grazing is it’s not necessarily about 10,000 miles of electric fence and moving cattle every two hours,” commented Sean McGrath, a rancher and consultant on ranch and grazing management. “It’s really using our resources that we have available in whatever region we’re in and on our operation to match plans and animals together over the course of a year.”

During a webinar, titled “Adaptive Grazing and Grazing Management,” held on Feb. 12, McGrath explained ranchers will use different techniques to adapt to the grazing conditions on individual farms and ranches.

Key principles of grazing As cattle producers in range situations, McGrath said, “We’re in the business of capturing sunlight and water and converting it into food.”

In these systems, plants – including both native grasses and forbs and invasive species and weeds – want to grow, and land managers desire plant growth. As a result, managers must make decisions to foster plant growth.

“We all know our operations need to focus on energy efficiency,” McGrath said. “On our ranches, these plants are solar panels. To make them efficient, we need to make sure that our solar panels, the plants, cover the ground.”

Cow requirements While the forage is important, McGrath said producers must also match the cow’s energy requirement to the available forage.

“When the cow’s energy requirements are lowest, we want the lowest quality forage,” he said, noting crude protein requirements are smallest durPlease see RANGE on page A5

Session Break The Wyoming Legislature will not convene on Feb. 18 in honor of the Presidents’ Day holiday. The Legislative Service Office will also be closed. All committee meetings and floor sessions will resume as normal on Feb. 19. For a complete list of Feb. 19’s legislative business, visit the Legislature’s website at wyoleg.gov.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup photo

Riverton – With proper consideration and planning, caring for working and recreational horses can be fairly simple, according to Fremont County Extension Educator Alex Malcolm.

Malcolm and his fellow Extension educators presented a variety of educational sessions at the annual Fremont County Farm and Ranch days held in Riverton on Feb. 6-7, and one session focused on working horses.

Land Horses can be kept in a variety of enclosures depending on personal preference and availability of resources.

“Like anything else, there are pros and cons to any type of housing we choose to provide for a horse,” Malcolm said.

He pointed out horses on pasture will typically experience fewer disease and behavioral problems.

“Stocking rate on pastures depends on whether the land is dry or irrigated,” Malcolm said. “For drylands, a single horse will need between five and 10

Wyoming producer sees win

Shoshoni couple keeps farm alive

Denver, Colo. – The National Western Stock Show Open Hereford Female Show brought the opportunity for a big win for Ned and Jan Ward of NJW Herefords in Sheridan. During the show, NJW 36A 10W Turquoise 22E ET was recognized as the Grand Champion Polled Female.

NJW 36A 10W Turquoise 22E ET was born Jan. 29, 2017, sired by LJR 023R Whitmore 10W. Bred by Ned and Jan Ward, she is owned by Ned and Jan Ward and Pablo Herrera, all of Sheridan.

Shoshoni – “Ranching is a lot of responsibility, but it’s well worth it to take care of God’s land and animals,” says Fremont County Farmer and Rancher Jessica Sullivan.

Sullivan and her husband Tim run a diversified crop and cow/calf operation in Shoshoni with her parents. The family grows corn, hay and pinto beans and keeps a herd of Angus cows.

While Sullivan has been working on the farm full-time, her husband recently left his job at John Deere to farm full-time, as well.

Farming in the family “I’m a fourth-generation farmer and rancher,” Sullivan says. “This lifestyle is

APHIS Plan USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is launching a campaign designed to prevent the spread of infectious diseases among U.S. poultry flocks. The “Defend the Flock” campaign will feature a new website offering pertinent information on protecting flocks from such avian-specific ailments as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and virulent Newcastle disease that can devastate commercial and backyard birds.

Caring for horses on the ranch is simple with proper planning

Please see HORSES on page A7

House Moves The U.S. House of representatives this week plans to fast-track legislation that would require federal settlement agreements to be published. The measure, H.R. 995 by Rep. Gary Palmer (R-Ala.), is titled the “Settlement Agreement Information Database Act.” Palmer introduced the act last week.

Raising horses

something I’m very familiar with and hope to pass on to our children in the future.”

“The same year I graduated high school, the farm next door came up for sale,” Sullivan explains. “Being 18 years old, I had no credit and no ability to purchase it myself.

Knowing I wanted to farm, my parents bought the land, and my husband and I eventually took it over.”

“We still share a lot of equipment with my parents to save on costs,” she notes.

“My parents are planning on slowing down in the next 10 years or so,” she continues. “My husband and I plan to work towards acquiring what they have so they don’t have

periodical

Top female – NJW 36A 10W Turquoise 22E ET was the Grand Champion Polled Female during the National Western Stock Show’s Open Hereford Female Show this year. Courtesy photo

periodical

Please see FARM on page A5

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Now’s the Time One of our greatest rights as an American is to own land and homes and to protect them. Both the national and State of Wyoming Constitution’s guarantee that. When the Wyoming ConstiFrom the tution was ratified on Nov. 5, 1889, Publisher most thought we were good for the Dennis Sun long haul.

But now, in the case of the trespassing laws to protect our property, they are out of date and badly in need of new language.

As it stands now in Wyoming, to prosecute someone for trespassing, they have to not leave your property after you have proved it is your land or have gained entry through a gate that you had posted. In essence, it is up to the landowner to prove that it is actually their land, and whomever you find trespassing on your land has a chance to leave.

The landowner is really the victim. That outdated law also applies to someone’s backyard in a town.

Just think how trashy our towns would look if everyone would put up a no trespassing sign on every gate to their backyards. Ranchers are just like people in town, except their backyards are bigger. And that is another issue, some people think because of the ranch size, it’s all right to trespass a little. Well, a person who is trespassing is in the wrong totally, not just a little wrong.

Wyoming Statute says, “A person is guilty of criminal trespass if he enters or remains on or in the land or premises of another person, knowing he is not authorized to do so, or after being notified to depart or to not trespass. For purposes of this section, notice is given by: personal communication to the person by the owner or occupant, or his agent, or by a peace officer, or posting of signs reasonable likely to come to the attention of intruders.”

Now, I understand that statutes are written using the male pronoun, but in this day and age of political correctness, it reads to me that only males can be guilty of criminal trespass and if a male owns the land. I’ll leave it at that.

Last summer in east-central Wyoming, a person was apprehended for stealing small calves. They had the proof, but because the gate he went through to trespass on private lands was not posted, the authorities couldn’t prosecute him for trespassing. That is not right. Any trespasser just has to destroy the sign on the gate, and they are legal to go on the land unless the landowner can prove there was a sign.

It seems that a lot of people in Wyoming are quick to trespass anymore. If they get caught, they just lie their way out of it. With all of the four-wheelers and side-by-sides out there anymore, people just go where they want. The damage to the lands is terrible. Those people are ruining it for the ones who stay on public roads and don’t trespass or tear up the country. Just because you own a side-by-side doesn’t give you the right to trespass or destroy the land – any lands.

There is talk of modernizing Wyoming’s trespassing laws as an interim topic. Please visit your legislators and stress the importance of updating Wyoming’s trespass laws for everyone.

We need to have the trespass laws similar to the Wyoming hunting trespass laws, where it is the responsibility of the public to know where they are at and whose lands they are on, private or public. We need to follow the Texas example. One just doesn’t trespass on private lands without permission to be there.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup Reporting the News by the Code of the West

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GUEST OPINIONS A Loophole in Wyoming Oil and Gas Regulations is Hurting Landowners Frank Falen and Conner Nicklas, Falen Law Office, LLC There is an artificial race in Wyoming being run by large oil producers to gain a competitive advantage in producing oil and gas. The race is not a race to find oil or to purchase or lease minerals from a landowner. Instead, companies are racing to be the only company allowed to drill in an area.

This race, which is being artificially created by the rules of the Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (the Commission) not only forces oil producers into a cut-throat game of monopoly, but it also harms the land and mineral owners who are caught in the middle of this conflict. If the Commission and the Wyoming Legislature continue

to ignore this issue, many land and mineral owners will continue to be taken advantage of by large oil producers who hold a government-created monopoly in the region.

Due to the rules and regulations of the Commission, it has incentivized oil and gas companies to essentially race to the Commission to get drilling permits for spacing units in an area. To get an Application for Permit to Drill (APD), an operator need only show that he has a lease in place in part of the unit and that the rest of the area should be pooled.

Further, there is no need to show an intent to drill in the near future.

Once they are granted a permit, they are the only

company allowed to drill in that spacing unit. Currently, the spacing units are 1,280 acres, making them one mile wide and two miles long. Further, although the permit could expire if the company fails to drill within two years, the company can request an extension prior to the expiration date of the permit. So, without any term limits as to how many times an operator can request an extension, owning the APD permit essentially gives these companies permanent priority in that area.

This is an issue because the current system incentivizes big operators like EOG and Anadarko to get APDs everywhere in Wyoming, basically holding a

monopoly on the right to drill. They use this monopoly to then either force mineral owners to lease out their minerals to the company for well below market value or to quash mineral development in the region until they decide they want to drill.

So, when a company controls an APD but never intends to drill or allow any other company to drill, they are in fact harming a mineral owner’s right to produce their minerals.

This issue also spreads to landowners without minerals due to the fact that oil and gas companies will not approach landowners for a surface use agreement if they do not believe that they can ever drill in an Please see OIL on page A7

The Founding Farmers

By Justin Fritscher, USDA From Mount Vernon to Monticello, many of the key conservation practices USDA recommends producers use on their farms have roots with our “founding farmers,” from presidents like George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln to innovators like Ben Franklin.

The political and thought leaders of the young nation knew how important agriculture and – more importantly, sustainable agriculture – was to America’s success. They wrote about how to grow enough food to feed a booming population, how to boost soil health and how to farm in a way that prevents soil erosion.

A farmer first Historian Garry Wills said, “Farming technique

was Washington’s principal intellectual discipline, his favorite topic of conversation, the focus of his private correspondence.”

Actually, when British troops closed in on New York City in 1776, thenGeneral George Washington temporarily put aside his battle plans to pen a letter to the steward of Mount Vernon about his farm.

The “first” crop experiment stations Washington studied and implemented ways to improve his farming methods at Mount Vernon, his 8,000-acre homestead and network of farms in Virginia near what would later become Washington, D.C. He took meticulous notes, and he experimented quite often.

So did Thomas Jeffer-

son, the nation’s third president, who was known for hundreds of varieties of fruits, vegetables and herbs grown at Monticello located near Charlottesville, Va. With everything so unstudied – soils, weather, crops, pests, weeds and farming methods – the founding farmers ran unofficial demonstration farms.

Benjamin Franklin, although known for his inventions, bought a New Jersey farm where he retired, managing it like a “miniature experiment station, carrying on projects in drainage, in crop rotation and especially in the utilization of the newer grasses and liming and fertilization,” wrote historian Earle D. Ross.

And of Washington, historian Albert Bushnell Hart

wrote, “He established what I believe to have been the first agricultural experiment station in American history.”

Early conservationists Unknowingly, these founding farmers were among the earliest proponents of soil health in America, as they used crop rotations and organic fertilizers to boost soil health and production.

Actually, many of the farming methods implemented on their farms align with conservation practices that USDA recommends to farmers today.

Ten years after the republic was born, Washington began to reconfigure fields on his farms, changing from a one-crop tobacco system to a seven-crop sysPlease see FARMERS on page A10 fcsamerica.com

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

NEWS BRIEFS Farm Bill listening seesion set U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Under Secretary for Farm Production and Conservation Bill Northey announced USDA is hosting a listening session for initial input on the 2018 Farm Bill.

USDA is seeking public input on the changes to existing programs implemented by the Farm Service Agency, Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Risk Management Agency. Each agency will take into account stakeholder input when making discretionary decisions on program implementation.

“The 2018 Farm Bill is intended to provide support, certainty and stability to our Nation’s farmers, ranchers and land stewards by enhancing farm support programs improving crop insurance, maintaining disaster programs, and promoting and supporting voluntary conservation,” said Under Secretary Northey. “We are seeking input from stakeholders on how USDA can streamline and improve program delivery while also enhancing customer service.”

The listening session will be held Feb. 26 at 9 a.m. in the Jefferson Auditorium in the South Building located at 14th Street and Independence Ave. S.W. in Washington, D.C. Written comments will be accepted through March 1.

Comments received will be publicly available on regulations. gov. For more information on the listening session, visit farmers.gov/farmbill.

Vegans hit Washington, DC Former Silicon Valley Engineer turned vegan activist, Laura Reese has partnered up with Lobbyists 4 Good to convince congress to incentivize American farmers to raise more plants and less livestock.

She says today’s animal farmers face an uncertain future.

“The market is in upheaval. More customers are avoiding animal protein, and seeking out nutrients from plant-based products,” she said. “Plus, these farmers face rising input costs. For example, as water becomes more scarce with global warming, the most affected farming will be that of raising livestock. Animal protein requires up to 20 times as much water calorie for calorie.”

Through Lobbyists 4 Good, a crowdfunding platform that allows everyday Americans to bring their message straight to Congress, she’s making her case. Her campaign has raised more than $5,500 from nearly 100 individual donors who support her cause. It’s enough money to fund one month of lobbying.

Hazlett addresses opioids Assistant to the Secretary for Rural Development Anne Hazlett announced United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is giving funding priority in a key grant program for applications to address opioid misuse in rural communities.

“The opioid epidemic is dramatically impacting prosperity in many small towns and rural places across the country,” Hazlett said. “With this focused investment, we are targeting our resources to be a strong partner to rural communities to build innovative local responses to this significant challenge.”

USDA may award up to 30 special consideration points for Distance Learning and Telemedicine (DLT) program applications for projects that provide opioid treatment services in 220 at-risk counties identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The deadline for these applications is April 15, 2019.

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First beef shipped to Taiwan Blockchain technology developed at the University of Wyoming could change the way food is shipped and tracked across the globe, according to an announcement from the university.

University of Wyoming Computer Science student Kip DeCastro developed a blockchain code to track a December 2018 shipment of Wyoming beef to Taiwan. Blockchain is a system that maintains a record of transactions across a network of linked computers, allowing for safe and secure data transmission, the university explained.

The beef was raised at Murraymere Farms in Powell. It was placed in tagged cases with radio frequency identification (RFID) labels and sent to a five-star dining establishment in Taipei, Taiwan.

The labels featured a unique digital identifier that enabled the cases of beef to be tracked along the entire supply chain, from plant processing to export, import and to the restaurant.

Angus launches campaign The American Angus Association announced the launch of a new national advertising campaign promoting the value of registered Angus genetics to the backbone of the beef industry – commercial cattle producers.

The new campaign showcases the registered Angus bull, cow and calf, with each to be promoted within its respective season. Along with the print campaign, a new companion website serves as a gathering point for cattle producers who desire to learn more about historic Angus strengths in maternal, carcass and performance qualities.

“The new advertisements ultimately tie back to our Long Range Strategic Plan,” said Clint Mefford, director of communications. “We want to reinforce the value of using registered Angus bulls through a comprehensive promotional and educational campaign geared toward commercial producers.”

The first advertisement - assertively named “Director of Breed Improvement” - showcases the dominance of the Angus bull and his influence on America’s cowherd.

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Hay exports drop USDA is back in the export-reporting business but still a bit behind. Total alfalfa hay exports during November were up by five percent compared to 2017. Year-to-date exports through November remain down five percent from the previous year.

For the third month in a row, China was not the leading importer of U.S. alfalfa hay. Japan held that spot in November by purchasing 56,377 metric tons (MT) of alfalfa.

China imported 47,904 MT while Saudi Arabia nearly matched that total at 43,850 MT. China’s November total was down 41 percent from the previous year.

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Organics highlight workshop

NEWS BRIEFS Australia hit by floods The north-west Queensland, Australia floods caused by the same monsoonal rain that put Townsville underwater have killed up to 300,000 cattle and costs drought-ravaged farmers $300 million.

It has emerged a promised military fodder drop has been delayed by a communication breakdown between various levels of government, and there is a shortage of aviation fuel in flooded farm areas.

The monsoon trough that has flooded north and western Queensland could become a cyclone as it hovers over the Coral Sea, forecasters say.

Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk said she had witnessed “a sea of dead cattle.”

“Let me make it clear,” Palaszczuk said. “This is a crisis for the cattle industry.”

Schaff hits another record Another world record has been set by Schaff Angus Valley, with a bull produced on the ranch named America selling for a record setting $1.51 million.

At Schaff Angus Valley’s annual production sale hosted at the ranch near Saint Anthony, N.D. on Feb. 9, SAV America 8018 set the tone for the auction. The Lot 1 bull of the sale commanded a number of bids during its six minutes in the sale ring before the final gavel sounded.

The last bid was made by Herbster Angus Farms of Falls City, Neb., at an amount of $1.51 million. A round of applause was given by the crowd in attendance as America left the ring.

Last year, Schaff Angus Valley had a bull, SAV Elation 7899, sell for a then world record of $800,000.

America was just $90,000 short of doubling that amount.

UW ag program ranked top The University of Wyoming’s online professional child development program was ranked second among the 15 best early childhood education degree online bachelor’s programs for 2019 by the Bachelor’s Degree Center.

To determine the ranking, the Bachelor’s Degree Center searched for accredited programs and ranked them based on cost, reputation and salary expectations.

The program was ranked below West Virginia University’s online bachelor of science in child development and early studies.

“We are excited to see our online professional child development program in the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences receiving this recognition,” said Christine Wade, interim department head and associate professor.

Montana takes on COOL Earlier this year, Montana State Senator Albert Olszewski introduced a bill that would bring back a modified version of Country-of-Origin Labeling (COOL) for beef and pork sold within the state.

The bill would require a placard be accompanied with any livestock or poultry products offered for sale in Montana that indicates it was either “Born, Raised, and Processed in the United States,” “Processed Inside the United States” or “Processed Outside of the U.S.A.” Retailers who knowingly or purposely offer these products for sale without the placard could face a fine up to $500 or six months in jail, depending on the number of offenses.

In addition to reviving the COOL program, the bill would also prohibit the marketing, advertising or labeling of cell-cultured edible products as livestock or poultry.

4 5 th Annu al Produ ctionSale March 1 2 , 2 0 1 9

Lu nch at 1 1 :3 0 •1 :0 0 MST pm •At Ranch inAshton, Idaho

1 1 0 Complete Red Angus Bulls and 8 5 Classy Red Angus Heifers The sale features the top bulls selected from the 2 0 0 bull calves born at Loosli Red Angus.

They have been selected from a large contemporary group.

Never pampered or creep fed. With some of the best EPD's and disposition in the breed.

Loosli Frontier 8 0 2 • #3 9 0 6 9 6 5

Loosli Riverside 8 0 3 • #3 9 0 7 2 2 1

(Frontier x Right Kind) 1 1 1 WR, Outcross Pedigree, Dam and Grand dam have a MPPA of 1 0 6 .3 and 1 0 4 .9

(Riverside x Frontier) Actual 6 5 lb. BW 1 1 3 WR and top 1 % for both WW and YW, Dam has a MPPA 1 0 5 .2

Loosli Real Deal 8 1 9 • #3 9 0 7 3 3 1

Loosli Riverside 8 0 4 • #3 9 0 7 2 1 5

(Real Deal x Future Direction) Top 1 % for both YW & ADG, Dam and Grand dam have a MPPA of 1 0 4 .8 and 1 0 5 .6

Call or email for a catalog!

Ranch is located 5 0 miles north east of Idah oFalls onUS 2 0

(Riverside x Frontier) Actual 7 5 lb. BW WR 1 1 4 , Top 1 % and 2 % for both WW and YW. Dam has an MPPA of 1 0 6

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Videos and Data will be available online. The sale will also be broadcast live for internet bidding.

Brian Loos li 3 1 2 7 E. 1 1 0 0 N. • Ash ton, ID 8 3 4 2 0 2 0 8 -6 5 2 -3 3 0 3 • 2 0 8 -3 1 7 -7 8 7 8 blloosli@g mail.com

Jonathan Meek 2 0 8 -2 2 7 -3 7 7 9 Mark Loos li 2 0 8 -3 5 1 -3 3 3 3

A lineup of 28 speakers will present a mix of sciencebased, how-to information, producer talks and panel discussions at the Sixth Annual High Plains Organic Farming Conference Feb. 27-28 at Laramie County Community College in Cheyenne.

The conference will appeal to anyone interested in sustainable agriculture, said Jay Norton, University of Wyoming Extension soils specialist.

Registration for the organic certification workshop on Feb. 27 is $35 and $40 for day two or $60 for both days.

To register and download the conference agenda, go to highplainsorganic.org.

Sessions range from nitrogen management for successful grain production to prospects for hemp production, lowstress livestock handling strategies and a workshop on basic marketing principles and strategies.

Attendees will breakout and choose among 12 talks related to dryland systems, specialty crops and livestock/ forage systems. The conference concludes with an update of organic farming components in the new farm bill, a discussion of regional research needs and planning for the 2020 conference.

Contact Jay Norton at 307-766-5082 or jnorton4@ uwyo.edu for more information.

Dollar share up in service In 2016, of a typical dollar spent by U.S. consumers at grocery stores and restaurants on domestically produced food, 50.6 cents were received by hired labor in the form of salaries and benefits.

That marked the second year in a row that labor’s share was over half of the food dollar, reflecting higher spending on eating out, as well as small increases in labor costs for foodservice workers over time.

Foodservice labor – including servers, cooks and others – received 22.3 cents of the food dollar in 2016, up from 21.7 cents in 2015.

Salaries and benefits for non-foodservice labor were down 0.3 cent from 2015.

Public Lands package passes On Feb. 12, Ethan Lane, senior executive director of the Public Lands Council and NCBA Federal Lands, said the passage of a public lands package of bills is an important accomplishment, in response to the Senate’s passage of S. 47, the Natural Resources Management Act. “Ultimately, the biggest win in this package is simply its passage. Clearing the decks of so many local issues will free up natural resources policymakers on Capitol Hill to get back to the business of solving problems, rather than creating new ones. We look forward to working with them to do just that,” Lane said. “Cattle producers who read the public lands package passed by the Senate will see much good news.”

“Between the creation of a public database for recipients of Equal Access to Justice (EAJA) funds, critical wilderness boundary adjustments or the resolution of long-standing land and ownership disputes, the bill advances a number of public policy priorities for U.S. ranchers,” he continued.

However, the bill also includes biggest question marks, such the Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF), which the Senate voted to permanently reauthorize with only minor progress toward providing states with their fair share of funding.

Agency heads tapped Gov. Mark Gordon announced his appointments for a number of Wyoming state agencies this week, including the Office of State Lands and Investments.

The governor appointed Jennifer Scoggin as the director of the Wyoming Office of State Lands and Investments.

Scoggin replaces Bridget Hill, who Gordon appointed as his Attorney General. Scoggin has served as a partner with the law firm of Holland and Hart, LLP. She brings extensive experience working in Wyoming on energy development projects, agriculture, assisting companies with the complicated processes of industrial siting, water rights, environmental permitting and compliance, and real estate issues. She has represented mining, oil and gas, renewable energy, construction and other companies on compliance and permitting with Wyoming state agencies.

Gordon reappointed Robert O. Lampert as director of the Wyoming Department of Corrections, appointed Korin Schmidt as the director of the Wyoming Department of Family Services and appointed Robin Cooley as director of the Wyoming Department of Workforce Services. Finally, the governor appointed Gordon Knopp to serve as the director of the Wyoming Enterprise Technology Services.

Sean Chambers will serve as the acting director of the Wyoming Office of Administrative Hearings after Jim Ruby decided to stay as the head of the Wyoming Environmental Quality Council (EQC).

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

FARM continued from page A1 to do as much.”

Sullivan explains she and her husband were high school sweethearts and attended Casper College together.

“I majored in agriculture business, and he studied diesel mechanics,” Sullivan comments.

She explains even though her husband didn’t grow up on a farm, his experience fixing tractors and other equipment has been an asset.

“Having a live-in diesel mechanic has been pretty helpful on the farm over the years,” she jokes.

A love for cattle Sullivan explains cattle were historically a part of their operation until a drought in 2013 forced the

family to sell the herd. They eventually had the chance to purchase cows again, and she jumped at the opportunity.

“I always really enjoyed cattle,” Sullivan comments.

“I always showed in FFA and 4-H growing up.”

She said the experience that shaped her experience with cattle the most was the two-phase show sponsored

by Fremont County Cattlemen’s Association.

“The phase one portion of the show includes showing a bred heifer, and the second phase was bringing her and her calf back the following year,” she explains, noting that the process influenced her love of raising cattle.

“Farming and ranching is a lot of hard work, but as young people, we can’t give up on it.” – Jessica Sullivan, Shoshoni

RANGE continued from page A1 ing the second trimester of pregnancy. “During rebreeding, crude protein and energy recruitments jump dramatically.”

“Basically, that cow has a three-month-old calf, is trying to get in shape to re-breed and has huge requirements. In a perfect world, that would be when we have the most and highest quality forage available for that cow,” McGrath said. “When we’re designing these systems, we may have to supplement cows or we need to plan our grazing and breeding times.”

Plant growth During plant growth, yield increases over time as the plant grows, but quality in terms of crude protein declines.

“Where we’re really trying to focus our grazing is to keep plants in phase two,” McGrath said, noting plants have some leaves but have not yet completely matured or dried out.

McGrath further uses grass hay fields as an example of plant growth.

“We would never cut a hay field June 1 and come back on June 10 to cut it again,” he said. “We would allow the hay field to recover before we take more hay to maximize yield and quality. Pastures are no different.”

The biggest question, McGrath said, is how to influence cows to graze where and when we want them to. Influencing grazing allows ranchers to get the most from their pastures.

“We want to match plant growth to our cow requirements,” McGrath commented.

Electric fence Electric fence can be a useful tool for ranchers to use to create smaller pastures that influence cattle to utilize grass better.

“We talk about electric fence because it can be cost efficient,” he said.

“The biggest problem we run into when we’re working with electric fence is people don’t put enough ground rods in.”

Wildlife damage can be another concern, but McGrath said wildlife will also learn to avoid it.

“We use a lot of portable fence to control grazing on paddocks, depending on weather,” he described. “When we look at costs, it takes one-third of the posts and significantly less wire, as well as significantly less labor.”

In the wintertime, however, fences may not be as conductive, and a ground wire may help, he added.

Grazing patterns After a pasture is separated into various paddocks, McGrath said he doesn’t like using the term “rotational” to describe the grazing strategy.

“I don’t like the term rotational grazing.

It implies we start at one paddock, then go to the second and third the same way year after year,” he commented. “We want to start in the paddock with the best condition. A good rule of thumb is, when we have a paddock in better condition than the one cows are currently in, move to that paddock.”

Not using a set route through paddocks allows grass to be used after it has had the most recovery.

Watch “Adaptive Grazing and Grazing Management” at beefresearch.ca/ resources/webinars.

A5

“My favorite part of being involved in agriculture is watching things grow,” Sullivan comments. “It’s amazing to see a calf being born and then see it grown and possibly become a part of our cowherd.”

Stewardship of the land Sullivan says that being a steward of the land is something she takes very seriously.

“I truly love being a steward of the land,” she states. “We have to think of sustainability in the longterm, whether it be with crops or practices we use to care for cattle.”

Sullivan notes her family has shifted their operation to utilize a minimal till system for their crops.

“We don’t do any conventional plowing for our crops,” she explains. “This can prevent erosion and loss of moisture.”

When it comes to stewardship, Sullivan believes we have to look to the long-term impacts.

“We may lose some profit in the short-run by operating in a sustainable way but in the long-run, it’s more beneficial,” she comments.

Advice to young producers “We absolutely need more young people in the agriculture industry,” Sullivan stresses. “Most of the older people in the industry are willing to help in any way they can, and where there’s a will, there’s a way.”

She explains young people in the industry should not be afraid to reach out to more experienced producers and ask for help.

“Asking questions of local producers, bankers, salesman and other agriculture professionals is the fastest way to learn,” she says.

“Farming and ranching is a lot of hard work, but young people can’t give up on it.”

Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Other options “Not all terrain is conducive to electric fence, so we use the landscape and natural features of the landscape to control cattle movement,” McGrath said.

Steep hills, rivers or streams and other features can help to control cattle.

While the natural features may not work perfectly, they can help to influence cattle movement.

Short fences, combined with natural features, how-

ever can be very effective.

“Just accessing and using the landscape available can be a very effective solution in using grazing to improve the landscape,” he said.

Supplements Moving salt and mineral around pastures to influence utilization, as well as feeding in different areas of pastures can accomplish two goals. It allows ranchers to meet their cow’s nutritional

Torrington Livestock Markets PO Box 1097 • Torrington, WY 82240 307.532.3333 Fax: 307.532.2040

www.torringtonlivestock.com

Young family -- Tim and Jessica Sullivan, with their young son, live outside of Shoshoni where they farm and raise Angus cattle with Jessica’s parents. Courtesy photo

“I don’t like the term rotational grazing. It implies we start at one paddock, then go to the second and third the same way year after year.”

- Sean McGrath, cattle producer needs while also moving the cattle across the landscape.

“We can also move water around an operation, and cattle will follow the water,” McGrath explained.

“We can move animals around and use our forage base without building 500

miles of fence.”

“Adaptive Grazing and Grazing Management” was sponsored by the Beef Cattle Research Council.

Saige Albert, managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup, can be reached at roundup@wylr.net.

Lex Madden: 307-532-1580 Michael Schmitt: 307-532-1776 Chuck Petersen 307-575-4015

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 2019 - YEARLING & CALF SPECIAL FEEDERS Trowbridge Ranch 375 Blk/Rd few Char Strs & Hfrs, 550-800#, Weaned since Sept. 10, Been on Ground Hay Silage, Branding & Weaning Shots The MW Ranch 230 Mostly Blk/Bwf few Rd Strs & Hfrs, 700-800#, Weaned a long time, Bunk Broke, Been on a Grower Ration, Branding & Pre-cond. Shots Mike Werner 70 Red Strs, 700-750#, Weaned on Oct. 25th, Been on a Ground Hay Mix, Silage, Branding & Pre-cond. Shots Ross Newman 60 Blk Angus Hfrs, 650-750#, Weaned a long time, Been on a Grower Ration, Branding & Weaning Shots, No Implants, Home Raised Dan Ellis 40 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 750-800#, Weaned since Sept. 5, Weaned on Alfalfa Hay, Pulp Silage, Little Corn, Branding & Weaning Shots, No Implants Scott Forrest 24 Mx Strs & Hfrs, 800#, Weaned in Oct., Hay Fed w/Little Corn and ADM (Amino Gain), 2 Rounds of Shots, No Implants Cole Creek 32 Blk Strs, 675-700#, Weaned in Oct., Hay Fed, 2 Rounds of Shots, Home Raised Nathan Painter 30 Mostly Blk Strs, 825#, Weaned 120 days, Branding, Pre-cond. & Weaning Shotsn, Selling the big end of Home Raised Steers Mark Essert 16 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 750-800#, Weaned since Sept. 5, Weaned on Alfalfa Hay, Pulp Silage, Little Corn, Branding & Weaning Shots, No Implants Curtis Grandstaff 16 Blk Hfrs, 750-800#, Weaned 120 days, Ground Hay, Grower Ration, Complete Vac. Prog, Bangs Vac, Out of Reg. Cows, Replacement Quality WEANED & PRE-COND. CALVES Bruce Lewis 200 Mostly Blk few Rd/Hereford Strs & Hfrs, 450-950#, Weaned, 2 Rounds of Shots Rod & Trish Vineyard 180 Mostly F- 1 Cross Blk Baldies few Brockle Hfrs & Strs, 650#, Hfrs are Replacement Quality, Weaned a long time, Branding & Pre-cond.

Shots, Running out on pasture supplemented with Cake and Grass Hay, Home Raised Sharon Harvat 65 Mx Strs & Hfrs, 500-750#, Weaned 90 days, Hay Fed w/ 2# of Corn, Shots @ Birth, Branding & Pre-cond & Booster Shots, High Altitude Horseshoe Valley/Sondra Summers 110 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 590-650#, Weaned, Running Out on Hay Field supplement w/ Alfalfa/Grass Hay, Knife Cut, Branding & Precond Shots Shawn Daly 30 Red Angus Strs, 550#, Weaned a long time, Complete Vac. Program Madalyn Soule 10 Rd Strs & Hfrs, 500#, Branding Shots, All Natural, Strs are Knife Cut

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A6

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

my shoe and don’t take it out, I’ll be lame by the end of the week,” Junkin said.

“It would be silly for us to leave the stone in our shoe.

But, how many family farms do we know of that have a stone in their shoe and a couple of problems bringing down the operation?”

Technology changes Changes in technology have affected many aspects of the agriculture industry across the U.S., but Junkin said the most impactful and most significant change has been in healthcare, which keeps farmers on the operation longer.

“Fewer farmers are dropping dead from heart

PLAN continued from page A1 ranches across the West, helping them to streamline their decision-making ability and turn the ranch around.

As as example, he referred to one family in Iowa that he worked with.

“The farmer, Jesse, had two sons, Beau and Luke, and a daughter, Daisy,” Junkin explained. “Jesse had been controlling the farm with an iron fist, and several years before, the boys began rebelling because they didn’t want to be told by daddy what to do.”

Junkin approached the

farm office and asked what problems or weaknesses the farm had, but it took the family five minutes before they admitted to weakness in their pregnancy rates.

After one brother said they had a problem getting cows pregnant, the other balled up his fists, and a physical fight ensued.

Unfortunately, Junkin said this situation is not uncommon.

Junkin said the problem is often a long-standing irritation that continues to cause problems.

“If I have a stone in

attacks today than in the 1950s,” he said. “In the 60s, when a farmer needed a new hip, he retired. Today, he has surgery and comes back to the farm.”

Many farms and ranchers have three generations helping to run the operation, which means three generations want control. As a result, everyone butts heads to pull the farm in different directions.

“Going from the horse to the tractor, we’ve made tremendous changes in technology, but we’re still in the 1950s in terms of how we make decisions. Everyone wants to be the one in charge, making decisions,”

HAYNES CATTLE CO. 11TH ANNUAL

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SELLING 131 “BEST YET” REGISTERED ANGUS BULLS

Tuesday, February 26, 2019 • 1 PM Ogallala Livestock Auction • Ogallala, Neb.

• 125 Winter Yearlings • 6 Fall Yearlings • 1 Special Outright Daughter!

Sires represented include:

HAYNES Rancher 8104 19234434 n 1/19/18 Sire: Rock Creek Rancher 1495 Dam: HAYNES Primrose M140 CED: +14 n BW: -1.4 n WW: +67 n YW: +133 n SC: +1.09 Milk: +21 n CW: +56 n Marb: +.96 n REA: +1.04 $W: +63.47 n $F: +116.35 n $G: +52.75 n $B: +186.63

Haynes Outright 452: 40 Winter yearlings • 4 Fall yearlings HA Cowboy Up 5405: 25 Winter yearlings KCF Bennett Fortress: 12 Winter yearlings Conquest: 15 Winter yearlings Playbook: 15 Winter yearlings Rock Creek Rancher 1495: 6 Winter yearlings VAR Discovery 2240: 8 Winter yearlings Basin Payweight 1682: 2 Winter yearlings Quaker Hill Rampage 0A36: 2 Fall yearlings

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HAYNES Outright 833 19232729 n 1/13/18 Sire: HAYNES Outright 452 Dam: HAYNES Enchantress 1224 6449 CED: +11 n BW: -2.3 n WW: +63 n YW: +118 n SC: +1.79 Milk: +28 n CW: +56 n Marb: +.63 n REA: +.43 $W: +67.10 n $F: +81.99 n $G: +31.46 n $B: +152.27

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“If we can make decisions as a family, profitability will skyrocket, and we’ll get rid of our frustrations.

Then, farming gets fun again.” – Andy Junkin, Junkin explained.

Transfer of wisdom “I deal with a lot of farms where the patriarch is more concerned with himself and his ideas instead of being concerned with what’s good for the farm and other individuals on the farm,” Junkin commented.

Further, he says many times the patriarch makes all the decisions until his death.

“My grandpa called all the shots until the day he died. He apologized to my mother and said, ‘I apologize. I taught my boy how to work, but I didn’t teach him how to manage,’” Junkin explained. “Often, we see that wisdom is not transferred from generation to generation, which destroys the farm.”

Working together Further, Junkin says it’s necessary to work together and stop being hard on one another as the farms operate.

He talked about several families where the only conversations between a father and son involved the father telling his son why something the son did was wrong. Eventually, the son got fed up and left the farm.

Junkin said the father didn’t understand what went wrong.

“If we kick a dog every time we see it, it’ll bite us or run away,” he said. “The same thing happens when we’re negative every time we see our family mem-

bers.”

Making decisions When deciding whether or not to do something new or which direction to move, the family should decide together. Junkin said the future of the operation is at stake.

As families begin to look at decision-making, Junkin said they must consider what can be influenced by decisions on the farm.

“I look at the Serenity Prayer as a decision-making tool. It says, ‘God, give me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can and the wisdom to know the difference,’” he explained. “I believe in the power of prayer, but now is the time for action on our farms.”

Junkin continued, “We can’t change Chinese tariffs or weather, but we can change the decisions we make as a family. We can change how our family makes decisions.”

To make the farm or ranch successful, Junkin says families must learn to work together.

“Tough times never last, but tough farm families do,” Junkin commented. “We have to make our farms and families bulletproof.”

Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup and can be reached at roundup@ wylr.net.

Succession planning One important decision that must be made comes in succession planning. If decisions are made to help continue the ranch into the next generation, an adequate plan must be established, but Andy Junkin explained a succession plan is more than just signing paperwork.

“When we look at succession planning, we treat it as if it is a moment in time. Everyone looks at the 10 minutes with the lawyer,” he commented. “We shouldn’t be focused on the transition of assets or how to divide the pie.”

Junkin continued, “No one looks at the 10 years before that day or the 10 years after when the next generation is running the operation.”

Junkin said focusing on return on investment and expanding the operation so it is sustainable into the next generation is crucial.

“We should figure out how to grow the pie rather than squabbling over who gets what,” he said.

If you are interested in improving the genetics in your operation, backed by our family’s commitment to the success of our customers, give us a call.

HAYNES Cowboy Up 8357 19234499 n 2/5/18 Sire: HA Cowboy Up 5405 Dam: HAYNES Erica Lady 307R 362 CED: +0 n BW: +3.8 n WW: +80 n YW: +139 n SC: +1.17 Milk: +27 n CW: +68 n Marb: +.36 n REA: +.62 $W: +76.07 n $F: +112.98 n $G: +25.67 n $B: +170.35

“Our Reputation Rides on Every Bull!”

For further information, contact: Gale & Cynthia Haynes

Office: (970) 854-3310 • Cell: (970) 520-3374 cowsrus@pctelcom.coop • 61284 CR 14 • Holyoke, CO 80734 Bulls are located at Stateline Ranch, 15 miles southeast of Holyoke, CO, or 25 miles west of Imperial, NE. Check out our website at www.HaynesCattleCo.com

Leading the family – Andy Junkin presented at WESTI Ag Days, leading farm and ranch families through decision-making processes and how to overcome family challenges. Saige Albert photo

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

HORSES continued from page A1 acres, but an irrigated pasture can support a horse on just two acres.”

Shelter Malcolm noted, regardless of the pasture size and situation, a shelter is necessary.

He pointed out shelters should provide protection from the elements and include 100 square feet per horse. The open side of the shed should also face away from the prevailing wind to provide a windbreak.

“Shelters should have good drainage,” Malcolm noted. “Standing water can cause a variety of health issues, especially with a horse’s feet.”

“Fencing is another factor horse owners need to consider,” said Malcolm.

“Materials depend on personal budget, and we need to remember there’s always a chance of having a jumper in the herd.”

Feeding Malcolm said the key to feeding horses is realizing, as grazers, they are meant to eat small amounts throughout the day.

“Horses should have free choice roughages all the time,” according to Mal-

colm. “Their digestive system is best suited to process small amounts of feed over a period of time.”

“Horse owners choosing to stall their horses should be feeding their horses at least twice per day,” Malcolm noted. “Stalled horses need to be eating at least two percent of their body weight in hay per day.”

Stalled and pastured horses alike need access to good quality hay and clean water.

“Hay should be green, leafy and free of mold or dust,” Malcolm commented.

“If the hay has a musty smell, it should be thrown out.”

Feeding requirements for horses also depend on the current weather conditions, activity and age. The horse’s energy and feeding requirements change as the temperature drops, requirements continue to increase if the horse does not have access to shelter.

Watering “I always tell my 4-H kids if they wouldn’t take a drink out of their horses’ water, it’s not clean enough,” Malcolm stated.

He mentioned horses’

A7

water intake can affect how much they eat.

“Even if we offer quality feed, horses will consume less if they aren’t drinking enough water,” said Malcolm. “A lack of water in cold weather can also increase their risk of impaction colic.”

“A horse won’t develop an impaction colic in a single day, but over the course of several days or weeks of poor water intake, their fecal moisture level will decrease and an impaction can occur,” according to Malcolm.

He noted during the summer, a lush pasture can be up to 80 percent moisture and contribute to some but not all of a horse’s water requirements.

“Dry winter feeds such as grain and hay provide less moisture, at about 15 percent,” Malcolm commented.

He suggested increasing horses’ salt intake to improve their water consumption.

“Adult horses should consume one to two ounces of salt daily,” he said. “Salt blocks can be found at most feed stores and are relatively inexpensive.”

Health care “Colic is the leading medical cause of death in horses,” Malcolm said.

“This condition refers to a number of issues causing pain in the horse’s abdomen and typically reflect condition of the colon.”

He noted colic can include simple blockage or impaction, colon spasms, gas build up and digestive system torsions. The majority of these issues are considered idiopathic.

“Causes of colic include indigested starches reaching the hindgut, spoiled feed, poor water intake or changing feeds too quickly.”

Spreading disease He suggested, to minimize the risk of spreading infectious diseases, new horses should be quarantined for a 30-day period upon introduction to a new herd.

Sick horses should also be quarantined to decrease the risk of getting other horses sick.

“Some of the more common infectious diseases among horses include eastern and western encephalomyelitis, West Nile Virus as well as Equine Herpes Virus 1 and Equine Herpes Virus 4,” Malcolm noted.

“Some of these diseases don’t have a specific treatment but can be controlled or prevented by proper housing, feeding and use of vaccinations,” he stressed.

“I always tell my 4-H kids if they wouldn’t take a drink out of their horses’ water, it’s not clean enough.” – Alex Malcolm, Fremont County Extension “Horses that are exhibiting decreased appetite, coughing, fever and discharge from the nose or eyes should be taken to the vet immediately.”

“Horses are accident prone creatures,” Malcolm commented. “It’s also very

important to keep a first aid kit on hand and the local veterinarian’s number on speed dial.”

Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Caring for the horse -- Ranch horses are an important part of many operations, and UW Extension Educator Alex Malcolm emphasized that good shelter, adequate feet and clean water are all important to ensure horses are able to do their job on the ranch. Wyoming Livestock Roundup photo

OIL continued from page A2 area.

The situation has become so extreme that our office has e-mails written from landmen who have essentially threatened our clients that if they do not lease with their company. Our clients will never get their minerals drilled on their property because their company has the APD on the property.

We have had other oil and gas companies also state that they were not interested in leasing another client’s minerals because another company had the APD on their property, and they were worried that they would never be able to drill. This came despite the fact that the landowner’s next-door neighbor had very desirous minerals that were competitively leased.

Due to the widespread APD issue, a protest was filed to deny several Anadarko APD applications in Laramie County.

The protest claimed that since Anadarko has not drilled in Laramie County for several years that their permits should be denied.

Unfortunately, the protest failed. Although I wish the protest would have won, the truth of the matter is that the ruling was correct. Although what Anadarko and other companies are doing might be morally wrong, it is not illegal under the current Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission rules.

Due to the fact that the Wyoming Oil and Gas

Commission rules allow – and actually incentivize – oil and gas companies to practice this “race to the permit,” we need the rules to be changed. There are several rule changes that could help protect landowner’s correlative rights.

One way is to examine whether the width of the current spacing units is necessary or if the width can be reduced. This would prevent someone in the northwest corner of a township holding a permit on someone in the southeast corner. Another way is to set term limits on renewals of APDs. This would prevent a company from holding an APD forever without drilling.

Finally, there should be an examination as to whether there is actually an intent to drill and actual capital investment toward drilling within the term of the permit.

In the end, the rules created to protect the right to develop minerals are causing more harm than good. If the Wyoming Oil and Gas Commission and the Wyoming Legislature continue to ignore this issue, many land and mineral owners will continue to be taken advantage of by large oil producers who hold a government-created monopoly in the region.

I hope the Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and the Wyoming Legislature will listen to the coalition of landowners coming from our office and others who are crying for change.

Over 30 PAP tested yearlings and coming 2-year-olds available

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A8

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

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Producers Producersnew newto tocrop cropinsurance insurancemust mustuse use aatransitional transitionalyield yield(t-yield) (t-yield)in inplace placeof ofan anAPH. APH. Producers Producersmay mayinsure insurein indifferent differentunits units(optional, (optional, basic, basic,or orenterprise), enterprise),based basedon onfarm farmsize, size,location, location, and andcrop. crop.For Foraadetailed detaileddescription descriptionof ofhow howthese these crop cropinsurance insurancepolicies policiescan canwork workwith withseveral several examples, examples,view viewthe theAgricultural AgriculturalMarketing MarketingPolicy Policy Paper PaperNo. No.54, 54,May May2018.

2018.“For “Formore moreinformation” information” describes describeshow howto toaccess accessthe thedocument. document.

Crop CropPolicies PoliciesAvailable Available Crop Cropinsurance insurancepolicies policiesfall fallinto intothree threemain main categories categoriesin inWyoming: Wyoming:yield yieldprotection protection(YP), (YP), revenue revenueprotection protection(RP), (RP),and andother otherAPH-based APH-based policies. policies.YP YPand andRP RPpolicies policiescover coverprogram programcrops crops (like (likecorn cornand andwheat) wheat)with withestablished establishedfutures futures markets marketsthat thathelp helpset setprices pricesused usedin indetermining determining crop cropcoverage. coverage.

YP YPpolicies policiesprotect protectagainst againstlosses lossesdue dueto toyield yield declines declinesand andcan canselect selectcoverages coveragesof ofup upto to80 80percent percent

(depending (dependingon onthe thecrop) crop)of oftheir theirAPH APHyield yieldwith with prices pricesset setwhen whenthe thepolicy policyisispurchased. purchased.

RP RPpolicies policiesprotect protectagainst againstdeclines declinesin inyield yieldand and price priceby byconsidering consideringprices pricesat atharvest; harvest;producers producerscan can alternatively alternativelyselect selectaaharvest harvestprice priceexclusion exclusion(HPE), (HPE), setting settingaaprice pricewhen whenthe thepolicy policyisispurchased. purchased.

APH APHpolicies policiesuse useaaproducer’s producer’sAPH APHyield yieldfor for aagiven givencrop cropto toestablish establishcoverage coveragesimilar similarto toYP YP policies policiesfor forcrops cropswithout withoutaafutures futuresmarket, market,such such as assugar sugarbeets. beets.Producers Producerscan canchoose choosecatastrophic catastrophic coverage coverage(CAT) (CAT)for formost mostinsurance insurancepolicies, policies,aabare bare minimum minimumcoverage coverageof of50 50percent percentof ofthe theAPH APHyield yieldat at 55 55percent percentof ofthe thecoverage coverageprice. price.

Pasture, Pasture,Rangeland, Rangeland,Forage ForageInsurance Insurance–– Rainfall RainfallIndex Index(RI-PRF) (RI-PRF) RI-PRF RI-PRFisisone oneof ofthe themost mostutilized utilizedcrop cropinsurance insurance programs programsin inWyoming.

Wyoming.This Thispolicy policyoffers offersprotection protection on onpasture pastureand andhay hayland landin inan anindividual individualgrid gridarea area (17 (17by by17 17miles) miles)against againstlosses lossesdue dueto todeclines declinesin in precipitation precipitationusing usingNOAA NOAArainfall rainfallindex indexdata. data.This This rainfall rainfalldata dataisisused usedover overthe theselected selectedgrid gridarea areaand and continued continuednext nextpage page

RI-PRF RI-PRFResources Resources Visit VisitRMA’s RMA’sPRF PRFSupport SupportTool Toolat athttps://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/prf https://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/prf •• Use Usethe thegrid gridlocator locatorto todetermine determinetheir theirgrid(s) grid(s)areas areasfor foryour yourlocation. location.

•• Then Thenuse usethe theDecision DecisionSupport SupportTool Toolto todecide decidecoverage coveragelevels, levels,view viewhistorical historicalindices indicesand andactuarial actuarial information, information,and anddetermine determinethe thecoverage coveragethat thatfits fitsyour youroperation. operation.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

A9

February 2019

UW EXTENSION | AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE | USDA | RISK MANAGEMENT AGENCY

Evaluate windbreaks for declining trees, create replacement plan There is a common thread that runs through all rural homesteads or ranch headquarter sites across the state. They are surrounded by mature tree windbreaks planted about the time the homes were built.

Many of our oldest ranches have very mature trees in these windbreaks.

Most are native cottonwoods or Chinese and Siberian elm trees due to their availability 70 to 100 years ago. These tree species are soft-wooded and tend to rot if any decay gets started.

Because of their proximity to homes and yards, there is a high likelihood they will fail and fall on family members in a yard or play area near a home.

This is a really good reason to have these trees evaluated by an arborist and a plan created to replace them before they fail. This minimizes owner liability and potential for injury or death of a family member or guest.

Tree Canopy Aids Seedling Growth These large trees act as a protector for new trees planted within their canopy. This allows new seedling trees to be planted at low cost and become established a few years before the declining mature trees are removed. This leaves space for the new seedlings to take over the area and begin providing protection for the home site again.

This replanting process could be done in stages so there are always mature trees in place. Putting a plan in place and sharing that plan with family members or generations of the ranch management team is important so it’s not forgotten.

New tree plantings require three to five years for root establishment. This time is spent increasing the root mass and anchoring root growth. Once the younger trees have developed a basic root mass, they should be wellestablished in the site and begin a stage that increases aboveground growth.

Remove the old trees when the new trees’ trunks and branches begin to grow at a more rapid pace. The sooner the large trees are removed, the more sunlight that will be able to reach the young trees. The access to sunlight allows for more leaf growth and greater photosynthesis. This will in turn increase the amount of growth each growing season.

The young trees need to be established and growing in their new site before removing the older trees. The removal process must be strategic so no damage occurs to the replacement trees.

Consider an Arborist or Forester This would be a great time to employ a certified arborist or a forester so the removal process is covered by the insurance of a professional and the cuts can be made to ensure where the tree will fall. There are national standards that must be met about who can be in the work zone and who must be specific distances away from the work zone to ensure no one gets hurt when the large trees fall.

The next step is to cut up and decide how to dispose of the remnants of the old tree. It could be left to use as firewood, it could be shredded on site to leave as mulch to improve the soils on the site for the entire windbreak, or the tree could be removed from the site and disposed elsewhere.

“A man has made, at least, a start All this investment into at understanding the meaning of an established and declining life when he plants a shade tree windbreak will greatly improve knowing good and well he may tree health, rejuvenate the never sit under it.” windbreak for use by future – Elton Trueblood generations, and increase safety around the homesite and surrounding yard or play areas. The effort will be well worth the planning, time, and money.

Donna Hoffman is the county horticulturist in the Natrona County office of the University of Wyoming Extension. She can be reached at (307) 235-9400 or at dhoffman@natronacounty-wy.gov.

Risk Management Resources, continued

divided into two-month production intervals. RI-PRF allows for a large degree of flexibility in terms of coverage level and acreage to cover, while also allowing a producer to insure the production period during which the risk of loss is of greatest concern. Indemnities are paid when the actual value per acre determined by the rainfall index drops below the insured value.

Livestock and Other Policy Types Wyoming livestock producers have several options for price insurance, including Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) and Livestock Gross Margin (LGM) coverage. While these policies are not widely used in Wyoming, they are a viable option for new and beginning producers to manage price risk.

LRP allows producers to insure against price declines with coverage determined by Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME)-based indexes.

Indemnities are paid if the actual price at the end of the contract is lower than the projected price.

LGM policies take this concept a step further by insuring against increases in feed prices and declines in livestock prices. Visit the Western Risk Management Library for articles that provide a detailed explanation of these policies.

Whole Farm Revenue Protection (WFRP) offers farms and ranches protection against declines in gross income rather than insuring a specific crop. The program is intended to provide coverage for farm and livestock businesses (such as specialty crops and livestock) that might not be wellserved by using the usual crop insurance programs. Indemnities are paid when actual gross revenue falls below the guarantee level.

Crop Insurance Planning Tools from RightRisk.org •

The Risk Scenario Planner Tool (RSP) is a spreadsheet designed to help producers take in a wide range of values when considering a change or decision, such as comparing potential crop insurance coverage options.

•

The Multi-Temporal Risk Analyzer (MTRA) Tool examines one or more management decisions over time (up to 20 years)

•

Logon to RightRisk.org

•

Under the Resources Tab, select Risk Management Tools.

James Sedman is a consultant to the Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics in the University of Wyoming College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, and John Hewlett is a farm and ranch management specialist in the department. Hewlett may be reached at (307) 766-2166 or hewlett@uwyo.edu.

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

FARMERS continued from page A2 tem growing wheat, corn and legumes. Wheat was the principal cash crop; corn fed his livestock, and legumes fed the soil.

America’s fifth president, James Monroe, was also a farmer, who left tobacco for a multi-crop system of grains.

Historian Harlow Giles Unger wrote, “To keep his fields fertile, he rotated his crops, setting some fields

aside for a season of clover to revitalize the soil.”

Not going out of style Conservation crop rotation is one of the 100-plus conservation practices that USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service helps farmers plan and implement because of its many benefits to soil and production.

Similarly, contour farming and cover crops, which were found on farms on the

early days of our republic, are still used today.

While traveling in France, Jefferson saw that farmers planted to the contour of the land rather than in straight lines.

He wrote, “Our country is hilly, and we have been in the habit of ploughing in straight rows, and our soil was rapidly running into rivers.”

He used contour farming at Monticello, putting him ahead of his contemporaries.

And Washington’s crop-

ping systems included cover crops to prevent erosion and improve soil.

Mount Vernon researcher Jinny Fox wrote, “He rotates crops – first he tries buckwheat and later switches to clover.”

Help for farmers Raised on a farm in Indiana and Illinois, who would know better than farmerturned-president Abraham Lincoln about the importance of the government supporting agriculture. Lincoln advocated for the creation of

Durbin Creek Ranch Cattle for Commercial Cowmen From Commercial Cowmen

Annual Bull Sale

Thursday, February 28, 2019 Worland, Wyoming 1:00 PM MST Selling:

Range Ready Hereford Bulls

DCR 199B Cowboss 7208

DCR 199B Cowboss 7236

DCR 199B Cowboss 7220

Lot 9

Lot 11

Lot 15

Call Wyatt Agar: (307) 867-2404

Ranch Horses Ready To Perform DCR Fast Drifter-2016 Palomino Gelding

DCR Frosted Ike-2016 Brown Gelding

Lot 1A Call Jake Agar: (307) 867-2403

Lot 2A

300 High Altitude F1 Baldy Heifer Calves

Call BruceAgar: (307) 867-2402

The Agar Family 3292 Grass Creek Rd Thermopolis, WY 82443 www.durbincreekranch.com

Advertise in one of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup’s Upcoming Special Editions! ®

Midland Bull Test Edition

The Weekly News Source for Wyoming’s Ranchers, Farmers and AgriBusiness Community

To advertise in one of the Roundup’s special editions, call 800-967-1647.

Deadline: March 15 • Inserts: March 23

Rocky Mountain Horse Edition Deadline: April 26 • Inserts May 25

Wyoming Seedstock Directory Deadline: June 20 • Inserts Aug. 10

USDA and signed the legislation that created it.

More than 150 years later, USDA offers a variety of risk management, disaster, loan and conservation programs to help agricultural producers build resiliency and weather ups and downs in the market.

For more information on conservation practices – including conservation crop rotation, contour farming and cover crops – as well as other USDA programs and services, contact your near-

est USDA service center.

For more information on the founding farmers, visit the Mount Vernon website, the essay “The Founders, Farms and Facts” and the book “Founding Gardeners.”

Justin Fritscher is a communications coordinator serving USDA’s Farm Service Agency, Natural Resources Conservation Service and Risk Management Agency. He can be reached at justin.fritscher@wdc. usda.gov.

SALE REPORTS Carter Family Angus Bull Sale Reported By: Curt Cox, WLR Field Editor Feb. 11, 2019 Lighting Valley Ranch, Arthur, Neb. Auctioneer: Joe Goggins 63 Yearling Angus Bulls Avg. $4,630 Top Sellers Lot 3 – Carter’s Niagara F409 – Price $11,000 DOB: 1/16/18 Sire: S S Niagara Z29 Dam’s Sire: S A V Pioneer 7301 EPDs: BW: +3.7, WW: +88, YW: +154 and Milk: +22 Buyer: Krab, Inc., Paxton, Neb. Lot 11 – MMP Niagara F402 – Price: $10,000 DOB: 1/20/18 Sire: S S Niagara Z29 Dam’s Sire: TC Gridiron 258 EPDs: BW: +0.8, WW: +75, YW: +143 and Milk: +27 Buyer: CC Angus, Dunning, Neb. Lot 10 – Carter’s Renown F338 – Price: $9,500 DOB: 1/2/18 Sire: S A V Renown 3439 Dam’s Sire: Visiontopline Royal Stockman EPDs: BW: +1.2, WW: +68, YW: +126 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Wade and Jeri Edis, Mullen, Neb. Lot 19 – Carter’s Sure Fire F405 – Price: $9,500 DOB: 1/17/18 Sire: G A R Sure Fire Dam’s Sire: S A V Net Worth 4200 EPDs: BW: +3.2, WW: +69, YW: +126 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Flag Ranch, Scottsbluff, Neb. Lot 14 – Carter’s Niagara F335 – Price: $9,000 DOB: 1/4/18 Sire: S S Niagara Z29 Dam’s Sire: Visiontopline Royal Stockman EPDs: BW: +0.8, WW: +69, YW: +129 and Milk: +29 Buyer: CC Angus, Dunning, Neb. Lot 17 – Carter’s Sensation F377 – Price $9,000 DOB: 1/27/18 Sire: S A V Sensation 5615 Dam’s Sire: S A V Pioneer 7301 EPDs: BW: +5.0, WW: +78, YW: +137 and Milk: +23 Buyer: Shane Keller, Valentine, Neb. Lot 32 – Carter’s Niagara F315 – Price $9,000 DOB: 1/7/18 Sire: S S Niagara Z29 Dam’s Sire: Sitz Upward 307R EPDs: BW: +1.3, WW: +77, YW: +137 and Milk: +25 Buyer: Goddard Farms, Haxtun, Colo.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

SALE REPORTS Amdahl Angus and Hereford 41st Production Sale Reported By: Cody Negri, WLR Field Rep Feb. 9, 2019 Amdahl Angus and Hereford, Piedmont, S.D. Auctioneer: Doug Dietterle 109 Bulls Avg. $3,902 27 Females Avg. $1,865 1 Pregnancy Avg. $3,000 74 Yearling Angus Bulls Avg. $3,733.11 18 Yearling Hereford Bulls Avg. $4,822.22 2 Two Year Old Angus Bulls Avg. $2,875 15 Two Year Old Hereford Bulls Avg. $3,766.67 6 Open Angus Heifers Avg. $1,733.33 3 Open Hereford Heifers Avg. $1,600 8 Bred Hereford Cows Avg. $2,037.50 1 Pregnancy Avg. $3,000 10 Bred Angus Cows Avg. $1,885 Top Sellers Yearling Angus Bulls Lot 1 – AMDAHL COWBOY UP 830 – Price $7,500 DOB: 01/13/18 Sire: HA COWBOY UP 5405 EPDs: BW: 2.5, WW: 77, YW: 135 and Milk: 13 Buyer: Bill Henderson, Dupree, S.D. Lot 3 – AMDAHL COWBOY UP 829 – Price $6,000 DOB: 01/12/18 Sire: HA COWBOY UP 5405 EPDs: BW: 2.8, WW: 58, YW: 105 and Milk: 19 Buyer: Vernon Sivage, Pierre, S.D. Lot 29 – AMDAHL BIG SKY 7202 – Price $6,000 DOB: 09/05/17 Sire: MUSGRAVE BIG SKY EPDs: BW: 1.3, WW: 64, YW: 116 and Milk: 25 Buyer: Powder River Angus, Arvada Lot 112 – KB L1 DOMINO 845F ET – Price $14,000 DOB: 01/26/18 Sire: CL 1 DOMINO 6104D EPDs: BW: 3.0, WW: 53, YW: 100 and Milk: 36 Buyer: Hermann Ranch, Lemmon, S.D. Lot 116 – KB L1 DOMINO 850F ET – Price $10,500 DOB: 01/30/18 Sire: CL 1 DOMINO 6104D EPDs: BW: 2.1, WW: 49, YW: 86 and Milk: 36 Buyer: Behm Hereford Ranch, Burlington, N.D. Lot 120 – KB L1 DOMINO 873F – Price $7,500 DOB: 02/18/18 Sire: CL 1 DOMINO 6104D EPDs: BW: 2.1, WW: 58, YW: 95 and Milk: 34 Buyer: Behm Hereford Ranch, Burlington, N.D. Two-Year-Old Angus Bulls Lot 84 – AMDAHL CONSENSUS 6132 – Price $3,000 DOB: 03/10/16 Sire: SCHELSKES CONSENSUS EPDs: BW: 1.4, WW: 51, YW: 97 and Milk: 30 Buyer: Ross Glanzer, Bridgewater, S.D. Lot 85 – AMDAHL TOUR OF DUTY 6131 – Price $2,750 DOB: 03/10/16 Sire: R B TOUR OF DUTY 177 EPDs: BW: 2.3, WW: 35, YW: 65 and Milk: 24 Buyer: TLL

Powder River Angus Annual Bull Sale

A11

Two-Year-Old Hereford Bulls Lot 98 – KB L1 DOMINO 791E – Price $5,000 DOB: 09/05/17 Sire: HH ADVANCE 4344B EPDs: BW: 4.8, WW: 49, YW:86 and Milk: 27 Buyer: Fred Helbling, Mandan, N.D. Lot 103 – TA L1 DOMINO 7103E – Price $5,000 DOB: 10/22/17 Sire: HH ADVANCE 4344B EPDs: BW: 2.8, WW: 52, YW: 84 and Milk: 29 Buyer: TLL Lot 97 – TA L1 DOMINO 790E – Price $4750 DOB: 09/02/17 Sire: HH ADVANCE 4344B EPDs: BW: 3.7, WW: 55, YW: 87 and Milk: 29 Buyer: JD Mutchler, Newell, S.D. Open Angus Heifers Lot 145 – AMDAHL JD BLACKBIRD 803 – Price $3,000 DOB: 01/02/18 Sire: CONNEALY ARMORY EPDs: BW: 0.O, WW: 67, YW: 129 and Milk: 31 Buyer: Jeff Baker, Piedmont, S.D. Lot 146 – AMDAHL MISS COWBOY 549-893 – Price $2,500 DOB: 01/20/18 Sire: HA COWBOY UP 5405 EPDs: BW: 2.6, WW: 60, YW: 99 and Milk: 22 Buyer: Zach Mofet Lot 149 – AMDAHL ERICA 337 – Price $1,300 DOB: 04/07/18 Sire: BVC AVIATOR 4007 EPDs: BW: 1.2, WW: 66, YW: 122 and Milk: 34 Buyer: Jaret Eben, Castle Pines, Colo.

Bred Hereford Cows Lot 192 – KB L1 DOMINETTE 6105 A – Price $4,100 DOB: 02/07/16 Sire: KB DOMINO 0186X EPDs: BW: 4.0, WW: 58, YW: 91 and Milk: 22 Buyer: Justin Thompson, McLauglin, S.D. Lot 187 – TA L1 DOMINETTE 625D – Price $2,100 DOB: 02/16/16 Sire: CL DOMINO 2121Z EPDs: BW: 5.0, WW: 61, YW : 99 and Milk: 28 Buyer: David Moorhead, Bernard, Iowa Lot 193 – KB L1 DOMINETTE 323 A – Price $2,000 DOB: 01/16/13 Sire: KB L1 DOMINO 121Y EPDs: BW: 3.3, WW: 49, YW: 79 and Milk: 23 Buyer: John Johnson, Deadwood, S.D. Pregnancy Lot 143A – ERICA PREGNANCY – Price $3,000 DUE: 02/07/19 Sire: SPRING COVE RENO 4021 SIRE EPDs: BW: 0.3, WW: 82, YW: 137 and Milk: 39 DAM EPDs: BW: 3.O, WW: 91, YW: 153 and Milk: 20 Buyer: Jaret Eben, Castle Pines, Colo.

Bred Angus Cows Lot 164 – AMDAHL ERICA FM – Price $2,400 DOB: 01/15/16 Sire: MOGCK FRONTMAN 1141 EDPS: BW: 0.5, WW: 56, YW: 108 and Milk: 20 Buyer: Zach Mofet Lot 165 – AMDAHLS ERICA 337-720 – Price $2,200 DOB: 01/14/17 Sire: MOGCK FRONTMAN 1141 EPDs: BW: -1.0, WW: 50, YW: 94 and Milk: 25 Buyer: Zach Mofet Lot 163 – AMDAHLS MISS HICKOK – Price $1,800 DOB: 03/09/15 Sire: MILL BAR HICKOK EPDs: BW: -1.0, WW: 44, YW: 74 and Milk: 24 Buyer: Mark Brost, Box Elder, S.D. Lot 166 – AMDAHLS DIXIE ERICA 382-728 – Price $1800 DOB: 01/15/17 Sire: MOGCK FRONTMAN EPDs: BW: -0.7, WW: 47, YW: 85 and Milk: 25 Buyer: TLL Lot 167A – AMDAHLS LADY – Price $1,800 DOB: 02/17/17 Sire: HERBSTER LAUREL 466 EPDs: BW: 1.5,

TRACTORS/LOADERS Case IH MXM190, MFD, cab & air, front weights, low hrs,1 owner ................

Auctioneer: Mark McNamee

Case IH 2096, w/ cab, air .................................................................. $19,500

........................................................................................................... $95,000 Case IH 7140..................................................................................... $34,500 Case IH MX170, MFD, w/ ldr, grpl ..................................................... $69,500 Case IH MX135, MFD, w/ ldr, grpl ..................................................... $49,500 JD 420 Dozer, antique ......................................................................... $7,500

Top Sellers Lot 4 – PRA Cash 8142 – Price: $12,000 DOB: 2/20/18 Sire: Barstow Cash Dam’s Sire: L T Bandwagon 3105 EPDs: BW: +1.9, WW: +72, YW: +130 and Milk: +19 Buyer: Josh Moore, Douglas Lot 1 – PRA Bushwacker 834 – $10,000 DOB: 1/19/18 Sire: B Bar Bushwacker 987 Dam’s Sire: Koupals B&B Identity EPDs: BW: -1.7, WW: +48, YW: +71 and Milk: +22 Buyer: Josh Moore, Douglas Lot 99 – PRA Aviator 8244 – Price: $10,000 DOB: 3/4/18 Sire: Musgrave Aviator Dam’s Sire: LAR Alliance 593Y EPDs: BW: +0.6, WW: +67, YW: +120 and Milk: +39 Buyer: E.B. Ranch, Broadus, Mont.

Lot 14 – PRA Cash 8195 – $9,000 DOB: 2/24/18 Sire: Barstow Cash Dam’s Sire: Koupal Juneau 797 EPDs: BW: +0.9, WW: +51, YW: +106 and Milk: +22 Buyer: Amy Miller, Wheatland Lot 13 – PRA Apollo 8191 – $8,500 DOB: 2/23/18 Sire: Kramers Apollo 317 Dam’s Sire: Crook Mt Really Windy 141 EPDs: BW: +0.4, WW: +61, YW: +100 and Milk: +29 Buyer: E.B. Ranch, Broadus, Mont.

Lot 17 – PRA Windy 8180 – $8,000 DOB: 2/23/18 Sire: B Bar Windy 79 Dam’s Sire: B Bar Frontrunner 2616 EPDs: BW: -1.5, WW: +48, YW: +75 and Milk: +21 Buyer: Burt Reno, Gillette

G Bar H Genetics Angus Bull Sale Reported By: Curt Cox, WLR Field Editor Feb. 12, 2019 Torrington Livestock Market, Torrington Auctioneer: Lex Madden 58 Yearling Angus Bulls Avg. $4,735 Top Sellers Lot 6 – B & D Sensation 835 – Price: $17,000 DOB: 2/25/19 Sire: S A V Sensation 5615 Dam’s Sire: G Bar H Future D 8219 EPDs: BW: +5.0, WW: +91, YW: +149 and Milk: +19 Buyer: Brooks and Taylor Shepard, Wheatland Lot 47 – BNH Outright F848 – Price: $14,000 DOB: 2/20/18 Sire: HAYNES Outright 696 Dam’s Sire: SR Impression 2076 EPDs: BW: +0.3, WW: +60, YW: +117 and Milk: +34 Buyer: Farthing Ranch, Iron Mountain Lot 4 – CWH Sensation F826 – Price: $9,000 DOB: 2/9/18 Sire: S A V Sensation 5615 Dam’s Sire: HAYNES Upward 307R 032 EPDs: BW: +1.9, WW: +61, YW: +117 and Milk: +30 Buyer: Mark Kersting, Wheatland Lot 2 – BNH Sensation F820 – Price: $8,000 DOB: 2/7/18 Sire: S A V Sensation 5615 Dam’s Sire: Sitz Upward 307R EPDs: BW: +2.9, WW: +61, YW: +108 and Milk: +30 Buyer: Hinn Ranch, Lakeside, Neb. Lot 50 – CPH Outright F864 – Price: $7,750 DOB: 3/13/18 Sire: HAYNES Outright 696 Dam’s Sire: Werner War Party 2417 EPDs: BW: +3.5, WW: +71, YW: +129 and Milk: +30 Buyer: Cody Thompson, Lusk Lot 9 – KJN Incredible 827F – Price: $7,750 DOB: 2/6/18 Sire: Panther Creek Incredible 6704 Dam’s Sire: Connealy Conservative 3129 EPDs: BW: +0.4, WW: +72, YW: +128 and Milk: +22 Buyer: CHK Cattle Company, Saratoga

Best Buys in Used Equipment

Reported By: Curt Cox, WLR Field Editor Feb. 8, 2019 Buffalo Livestock Auction, Buffalo

124 Yearling Angus Bulls Avg. $4,511

WW: 57, YW: 107 and Milk: 25 Buyer: TLL Lot 168 – AMDAHLS QUEEN GRANITE – Price $1,800 DOB: 02/16/16 Sire: CONNEALY BLACK GRANIT EPDs: BW: 2.1, WW: 60, YW: 105 and Milk: 34 Buyer: TLL Lot 171 – AMDAHLS DIXIE ERICA 163-382 – Price $1,800 DOB: 03/20/13 Sire: CB BLOCK PARTY EPDs: BW: 1.5, WW: 56, YW 97 and Milk: 26 Buyer: TLL Open Hereford Heifers Lot 179 – TA L1 DOMINETTE 832F – Price $2,400 DOB: 01/23/18 Sire: CL 1 DOMINO 215Z EPDs: BW: 2.4, WW: 58, YW: 98 and Milk: 23 Buyer: Jondor Herefords, Rushford, Minn.

Lot 181 – TA L1 DOMINETTE 824F – Price $ 1,200 DOB: 01/19/18 Sire: KB L1 DOMINO 504C EPDs: BW: 2.4, WW: 47, YW: 76 and Milk: 24 Buyer: Internet Lot 183 – TA L1 DOMINETTE 857F – Price $1,200 DOB: 02/04/18 Sire: CL 1 DOMINO 4163B 1 ET EPDs: BW: 2.7, WW: 52, YW: 87 and Milk: 26 Buyer: David Moorhead, Bernard, Iowa

Case 580K Backhoe .......................................................................... $24,900 Hesston 880-5, low hours .................................................................. $14,500 MX120, 2 WD, w/ ldr.......................................................................... $49,500

HAYING & FORAGE New Holland 220 Speedrower, 16’ disc head, low hours .................$123,500 Hesston 4790 3x4 Baler w/ accumulator .............................$49,500; $35,000 New Holland 855 Round Baler .............................................................$4,900 2011 MF 2190 4x4 Baler w/ accumulator ........................$129,500; $119,500 Case 8465 Baler ...................................................................................$9,500 International 445 Baler .........................................................................$3,500 Hesston 4910 Baler w/ accumulator ...................................................$39,500 Hesston 4910 Baler w/ accumulator ...................................................$24,500 Hesston 4900 4x4 Baler w/ accumulator ............................................$24,500 Hesston 4655 Small Square Baler .....................................................$12,500 Case RS 561 Round Baler .................................................................$19,500 New Holland Self Propelled 1047 Bale Wagon ....................................$7,500 Case IH 8870 Swather, 16’ head, 1 owner .........................................$43,500 Case IH 8840 Swather, 16’ head ........................................................$32,500 Hesston 6650 Swather .........................................................................$9,500 New Holland 1118 Windrower, 16’ head .............................................$19,500 New Holland Side Delivery Rake..........................................................$1,950 Kuhn GA4101 Tedder Rake..................................................................$5,900

MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT 6 Bale EZ Ration Pull-Type Feeder ........................................ Call for Pricing Leon 808 Loader, bucket & grpl.......................................................... $7,900 Case IH 710 Loader ........................................................................... $4,900 International 2001 Loader................................................................... $2,900 International 3 Bottom Plow................................................................ $1,450 14’ Chisel Plow ................................................................................... $3,900 New Artsway 2400 Land Plane......................................................... $22,500 Aerway 15’ Aerator, pull type ............................................................ $19,900 International 510 Grain Drill, double disc with alfalfa seeder.............. $7,900 Case IH 955 12 Row Planter ................................................$11,000; $6,000 6”x32’ Grain Auger, PTO driven ............................................................. $950 Cube Elevator ..................................................................................... $1,000

NEW 2016 20’ Duralite Stock Trailer ...................................... Call for Pricing 1967 Highway Enclosed Live Floor Trailer ......................................... $5,900 Arrow Portable Loading Chute ........................................................... $3,600 9 Shank V Ripper ............................................................................... $4,900 4 Wheel Wagon Running Gear .............................................................. $950 Ford Dump Truck ................................................................................ $9,500 Ford 700 Truck w/ stack retriever ....................................................... $9,500 Dynamo DP-7100 Generator .............................................................. $4,950 Set of IH Duals 18.4 x 38 w/ clamps...................................................... $750 1 1/4” 6 Rail 20’ Continuous Fence Panels ...................................$115/each 1 1/2” 6 Rail 20’ Continuous Fence Panels ...................................$142/each

CARLSON EQUIPMENT 77 Zuber Road • Riverton, WY 82501 • (307) 856-8123 carlsonequipment@gmail.com

Annual Consignment Auction • March 9, 2019 • Call us with your Consignments

Visit our Web Site at: www.carlsonequipment.com

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019 Feb. 25

CALENDAR

Feb. 25

Submit your events to: Editor, Wyoming Livestock Roundup, P.O. Box 850, Casper, WY, 82602, or e-mail to roundup@wylr.net.

EVENTS Feb. 20-21 Feb. 27 Feb. 27 Feb. 27 Feb. 27 – March 3 March 1 March 1-3 March 2-3 March 3-5 March 5

Feb. 24-25

Wyoming Watershed Conference, Casper, Hilton Garden Inn. For more information, visit conservewy.com.

Pesticide Applicator Training, Laramie, Albany County Fairgrounds.

RSVP to Brian Sebade, Goshen County Extension educator, at 307721-2571.

What are Your Minerals Worth? Chugwater, Chugwater Community Center, 6:30 p.m. For more information, contact Reba at 307-7011073 or Craig at 970-580-0335.

2019 Central Wyoming Private Pesticide Education Session, Lusk, UW Extension Office, 1:30-5 p.m. Register by calling 307-2359400 by Feb. 26.

30th Annual Winnemucca Ranch Hand Rodeo Weekend, Winnemucca, Nev., Winnemucca Events Complex. Visit ranchrodeoNV.com or call 775623-5071 for more information.

18th Annual Doornbos Lecture Series, Casper, Casper College Campus. For more information, call 307-268-3128.

Cache Valley Cowboy Rendezvous, Hyrum, Utah, Mountain Crest High School. Visit cvcowboy.org for more information.

Wyoming State Chariot Races, Glendo. For more information or tickets, call Gene Daly at 307-331-1049.

National Farmers Union 117th Annual Convention, Bellevue, Wash. For more information, visit nfu.org/convention.

2019 Central Wyoming Private Pesticide Education Session, Douglas, Converse County Library, 1-5 p.m. Register by calling 307235-9400 by March 4.

SALES Feb. 18 Feb. 19 Feb. 20 Feb. 21 Feb. 23 Feb. 25

Weaver Ranch 34th Annual Production Sale, at the ranch, Ft. Collins, Colo., 970-568-3898 Douglas Booth Family Angus 27th Annual Bull Sale, Torrington Livestock Market, Torrington, 307-532-5830, 307-532-6207, boothfamilyangus.com Shaw Cattle Company Annual Bull Sale, at the ranch, Caldwell, Idaho, 208-459-3029, 208-880-9044, shawcattle.com Neiman Cattle Company Annual Bull Sale, Belle Fourche Livestock Auction, Belle Fourche, S.D., 307-290-0791, neimancattle.com RV Bar Angus 12th Annual Production Sale, at the ranch, Jensen, Utah, 435-828-1111, 435-828-1116, 435-828-8391, rvbarangus.com Reyes/Russell 28th Annual Sale, at the ranch, Wheatland, 307-3221530, 307-322-4848, 970-587-2534, mrangusranch.com

Big horn Basin LIVESTOCK AUCTION LLC

February 14, 2019 - 583 Head Cows $3 to $4 • Bulls $4 to $6 • Feeders No Test

Worland, WY

Sale Barn: 307-347-9201 Danny Vigil: 307-388-0781 Hessenthaler, Charles - Lovell 1 BWF Cow, 1415# .................................... $7350 1 Blk Cow, 1360# ....................................... $6350 1 Blk Cow, 1465# ....................................... $6300 1 Blk Cow, 1290# ....................................... $6300 1 Blk Cow, 1790# ....................................... $6050 3 Blk Cows, avg. 1473#.............................. $5850 Carter, Richard - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Cow, 1050# ....................................... $7300 1 Blk Cow, 1300# ....................................... $6300 1 Blk Cow, 1240# ....................................... $6200 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1250#.............................. $6100 1 Blk Cow, 1230# ....................................... $6100 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1278#.............................. $6000 1 BWF Cow, 1160# ..................................... $6000 1 Blk Cow, 1510# ....................................... $5950 5 Blk Cows, avg. 1358#.............................. $5900 5 Blk Cows, avg. 1351#.............................. $5750 8 Blk Cows, avg. 1381#.............................. $5700 5 Blk Cows, avg. 1405#.............................. $5700 5 Blk Cows, avg. 1390#.............................. $5700 Murraymere Farms - Powell 6 Blk Cows, avg. 1256#.............................. $7000 1 Blk Cow, 1290# ....................................... $6300 5 Blk Cows, avg. 1579#.............................. $5650 6 Blk Cows, avg. 1580#.............................. $5650 Dale Lyman Ranch Inc. - Ten Sleep 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1153# .............................. $6900 1 Blk Cow, 1110# ........................................ $6650 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1165# .............................. $6450 1 Blk Cow, 1285# ....................................... $6350 1 Blk Cow, 1235# ....................................... $5950 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1328#.............................. $5950 Araphaoe Ranch - Thermopolis 1 Blk Cow, 880# ......................................... $6900 1 Blk Cow, 1125# ........................................ $6300 1 BWF Cow, 1000# .................................... $6300 Caines, Pat - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1265# ....................................... $6500 1 Blk Cow, 1435# ....................................... $6150 Caines, Patrick - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1220# ....................................... $6200 Crowfoot Ranch, Inc. - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1205# ....................................... $6150 Brubaker Sheep Co. LLC - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Cow, 1215# ....................................... $6100 Durbin Creek Ranch - Thermopolis 4 Hrfd Cows, avg. 1501# ............................ $5950 Stuckey Rob & Kathy - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1075# ....................................... $5900 Caines Land & Livestock - Hyattville 7 BWF Cows, avg. 1422#........................... $5800 Hancock, Clarence Charles - Basin 1 Blk Cow, 1560# ....................................... $5500 Friesen Farms - Basin 1 Blk Cow, 1140# ........................................ $5400 Warner, Michael or Carrie - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1515# ....................................... $5350

BRED COWS Stuckey Rob & Kathy - Worland 10 Blk Bred Cows ................................... $161000 45 Blk Bred Cows ................................... $161000 7 Blk Bred Cows ..................................... $161000 6 Blk Bred Cows ....................................... $91000 Barrett, Frank - Powell 10 BWF Bred Cows ................................ $157500 6 Blk Bred Cows ..................................... $152500 BRED HEIFERS Barrett, Frank - Powell 5 Blk Bred Hfrs ....................................... $145000 BULLS Clark, Tim - Worland 1 Blk Bull, 2130# ........................................ $8850 1 Blk Bull, 2090# ........................................ $8650 2 Blk Bulls, avg. 1748# ............................... $8300 2 Blk Bulls, avg. 1818# ............................... $8250 2 Blk Bulls, avg. 1783# ............................... $8200 1 Blk Bull, 2070# ........................................ $8200 Durbin Creek Ranch - Thermopolis 1 Hrfd Bull, 1945#....................................... $8650 1 Hrfd Bull, 2230#....................................... $8500 1 Red Bull, 2060# ....................................... $8500 3 Red Bulls, avg. 2075# ............................. $8500 2 Hrfd Bulls, avg. 1925# ............................. $8450 1 Hrfd Bull, 2075#....................................... $8450 2 Red Bulls, 1840# ..................................... $8400 1 Red Bull, 1955# ....................................... $8350 1 Hrfd Bull, 2005#....................................... $8350 Murraymere Farms - Powell 1 Blk Bull, 2110# ......................................... $8650 1 Blk Bull, 2155# ........................................ $8400 Brubaker Sheep Co. LLC - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Bull, 1080# ........................................ $8600 1 Hrfd Bull, 1940#....................................... $7800 Coble, Steve - Burlington 1 Blk Bull, 2210# ........................................ $8300 1 Hrfd Bull, 1825#....................................... $7500 1 Hrfd Bull, 2005#....................................... $7500 Warner Living Trust - Riverton 1 Red Bull, 1155# ....................................... $7900 Hessenthaler, Charles - Lovell 1 Blk Bull, 1920# ........................................ $7700 COWS Wiechmann, Douglas - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Cow, 1020# ....................................... $8400 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1235#.............................. $5900 Greer Land & Livestock - Hyattville 5 Red Cows, avg. 1080# ............................ $8000 4 Red Cows, avg. 1099# ............................ $7850 2 Red Cows, avg. 1255# ............................ $6650 1 Red Cow, 1200# ...................................... $6350 4 Red Cows, avg. 1209# ............................ $6300 1 Red Cow, 1465# ...................................... $5700 • Upcoming Sales • Russett Ranch Inc. - Basin 4 RWF Cows, avg. 1169# ........................... $7600 Feb. 21 - All Class Cattle, Sheep & Goat 4 Blk Cows, avg. 1213#.............................. $6300 Feb. 22 - Horse Sale 4 Blk Cows, avg. 1346#.............................. $5650 Feb. 28 - Durbin Creek Bull Sale 4 Blk Cows, avg, 1346#.............................. $5650 Reed, Justin - Thermopolis March 7 - All Class Cattle & Bred Cow 1 Blk Cow, 915# ......................................... $7500 March 14 - Feeder Special w/ All Class Cattle 00 1 Blk Cow, 1060# ....................................... $71 March 21 - All Class Cattle, Sheep & Goat 1 Blk Cow, 1135# ........................................ $5600 Feb, 21, 2019 Consignments Ron Hoffman – 60 heifers, 475-525#, two rounds of shots.

Tim Beck – 60 heifers, 475-525#, weaned, two rounds of shots.

Wyatt Schatz – 40 heifers, 500-600#, weaned.

Open Lock Ranch – 65 heifers, 500-600#, weaned, two rounds of shots.

Bruce and Georgia Weeter – 25 Mix, 450-550#, weaned, two rounds of shots.

Feb. 26 Feb. 28 March 1 March 1 March 1 March 2 March 2 March 4 March 4 March 5 March 6 March 6 March 7 March 7 March 8 March 8 March 8 March 9 March 9

Circle L Angus Annual Production Sale, Beaverhead Livestock Auction, Dillon, Mont., 406-832-3535, 406-491-7363, circlelangus. com P\T Livestock Annual High-Country Genetics Performance Bull Sale, at the P/T Livestock Feedlot, Riverton, 307-709-8351, ptlivestock.com Colyer Herefords & Angus 39th Annual Production Sale, at the ranch, Bruneau, Idaho, 208-845-2313, 208-599-0340, hereford.com Haynes Cattle Company 11th Annual “Working Bull” Angus Sale, Ogallala Livestock Auction, Ogallala, Neb., 970-854-3310, haynescattleco.com Durbin Creek Ranch Seventh Annual Bull Sale, Big Horn Basin Livestock Auction, Worland, 307-867-2404, durbincreekranch.com Diamond Peak Cattle Company Bull Sale, Winter Livestock Auction, La Junta, Colo., 970-326-8620, diamondpeakcattle.com Lund Ranch Angus 26th Annual Bull Sale, at the ranch, Gunnison, Utah, 435-851-0099, 435-287-7614, 435-851-3688, lundranchangus. com Denver Mountain Parks Bison Auction, Genesee Park, Denver, Colo., 303-710-8164, 720-865-0900, 720-865-0900 Lucky 7 Angus Annual Bull Sale, Riverton Livestock Auction, Riverton, 307-850-2053, 307-850-2514, lucky7angus.com Sega Gelbvieh Bull Sale, at the ranch, Pierce, Colo., 970-590-4862, 970-381-0600, segagelbvieh.com Vision Angus 21st Annual Sale, Lincoln County Fair Grounds, North Platte, Neb., 970-854-4322, 970-520-9006, visionangus.com Valdez Farms High Altitude Bull Sale, Jim’s Auction, Montrose, Colo., 970-209-6950, valdezfarms.com Ipsen Cattle Company Sixth Annual Internet Bull Sale, 208-6814794, 208-681-4793, ipsencattle.com Ox Bow Ranch Annual Registered Angus Bull Sale, at the ranch, Wolf Creek, Mont., 406-235-4281, 541-965-0088, oxbowranchangus. com The Adams Connection 50th Annual Bull Sale, Blackfoot Livestock Auction Company, Blackfoot, Idaho, 208-313-5844, 208-785-4459, 208-313-0235, srvgenetics.com Bieber Red Angus Spring Production Sale, at the ranch, Leola, S.D., 605-439-3628, 605-216-8169, bieberredangus.com Cannon Angus Ranch Bull Sale, at the ranch, Preston, Idaho, 818400-4513, 916-803-3113, 541-325-3662, cannonangus.com Wooden Shoe Farms Maternal Value Added Bull Sale, at the ranch, Blackfoot, Idaho, 208-680-0320, 208-604-0235, 208-681-4169 Leland Red Angus Annual Production Sale, at the ranch, Sidney, Mont., 701-565-2347, 701-565-2361, lelandredangus.com 14th Annual Quest of the West Cattle Sale, Spanish Fork Fairgrounds, Spanish Fork, Utah, 801-420-2962, 801-360-3300, 801372-0762, questofthewestcattle.net ZumBrunnen Angus Annual Bull Sale, at the ranch, Lusk, 307-4817090, 307-216-0198, zbangus.com Cowboy Classic Angus 10th Annual Bull Sale, Buffalo Livestock Auction, Buffalo, 307-736-2327, 307-674-6947, 307-674-7375, 406694-2713

POSTCARD from the Past

Compiled by Dick Perue rrichardperue@gmail.com

Business Booming in 1900 In March of 1900, business was booming in Saratoga and the hometown weekly newspaper, “The Saratoga Sun,” related in its March 8, 1900 issue the news of several new businesses opening: New Harness Shop Walter R. Golf, who came recently from Den-

ver, Colo., accompanied by his wife, has rented the room lately occupied by C.R. Watson as a drug store and is opening out a harness and repair shop. We believe Mr. Golf to be a reliable man and would recommend him to the patronage of our people.

A harness shop has long been needed at this point

Early post office – The French, Wyo. Post Office at Sanger Ranch is show with a mail carrier wagon in front. The post office sign is hung above door in left center of photo. The French post office was run by Postmaster Moore with Isaac Sanger under contract to bring mail from Saratoga to the French post office, every other day. Sanger also brought the mail up to the Bennett post office at the Charles Young Ranch, four miles north of the Sanger Ranch. “The Saratoga Sun” had named Elijah Moore, “Postmaster Moore,” and they also had to give Isaac a title so he became “Mail Contractor, Ike Sanger.” Sanger often did errands in Saratoga for his neighbors at Bennett and French. Timber workers obtained transportation to Saratoga with Ike who charged $1 each way.

Information and photo, courtesy of Kathryn Sanger, from pictorial history book entitled “Historic A Cross Ranch” compiled by Dick Perue, Historical Reproductions by Perue

and in the hands of a good industrious man should be a paying investment.

“Fatty’s” New Location “Fatty” Smith, the restaurant man, has moved his restaurant into the building lately purchased by Miss Erickson, of George Herbert Smith, on the east side.

The building is a large and commodious one and well adapted to that purpose.

When some very much needed repairs, in the way of glass, paint and paper, are made, “Fatty” will be fixed up in fine shape and ready to welcome his customers in style.

Saratoga Post Office to be Moved Postmaster Gustave Jensen intends to move the post office from the hardware store into the adjoining room, recently occupied by Murchison and Company. An archway will be cut in the partition about half way back from the front and the two rooms connected.

This arrangement will be much more convenient, both for the public and the post-office force.

Work will be commenced as soon as the goods and store furniture of Murchison and Co. have been cleared out, which will be within a few days.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Systems thinking leads to higher efficiency, better performance on the ranch Sheridan − Systems thinking will lead ranchers to a number of different and sometimes out-of-the-box decisions that will result in improved land, cattle and

people, according to Burke Teichert, ranch manager and consultant.

Teichert spoke to the Wyoming Farm Bureau Young Farmers and Ranchers

If you are interested in joining the Wyoming Farm Bureau’s Young Farmers and Ranchers visit, wyfb.org/yfr.

Montana Performance Bull Co-op™ Herd Bull quality in volume

Friday •

conference covering various strategies to improve overall profitability on the ranch.

Grazing management “Grazing principles are the same wherever we go.

We always accommodate for the environment accordingly,” said Teichert.

He recommended a system of adaptive grazing in

which cattle are grazed on a specific pasture for a short amount of time, and then the pasture is allowed a long period of time to recover.

“The definitions of long and short will be different in each individual rancher’s situation, but this is why we call it adaptive grazing,” Teichert commented.

Selling 150 Bull s

with

Large Groups of Half Brothers

Annual Bull Sale

March 15, 2019

• 1:00 pm

at the Midland Bull Test Sale Facility, Columbus, MT

Basin Payweight 1682

+6 BW +0.7 WW +68 YW +119 Milk +31 CW +53 Marb +.76 RE +.25 $W 87.99 $B 149.45 CED

Sons and grandsons from this breed impact sire.

Ellingson Top Shelf 5050

EXAR Monumental 6056B

The first sons from our newest featured sire. +15 BW -0.1 WW +61 YW +114 Milk +18 CW +47 Marb +.47 RE +.76 $W 50.53 $B 157.75 CED

Basin Rainmaker 4404

+11 BW +1.0 WW +73 YW +73 Milk +31 CW +59 Marb +.89 RE +1.02 $W 78.66 $B 177.73 CED

Sons and brothers to this power and muscle sire.

+12 -0.3 WW +59 YW +108 Milk +27 CW +47 Marb +.61 RE +.46 $W 65.38 $B 146.08 CED BW

Proven calving ease and excellent maternal sire.

Calving ease with muscle and style.

Basin Advance 5016

+8 BW +0.0 WW +77 YW +131 Milk +30 CW +69 Marb +.76 RE +1.31 $W 81.06 $B 191.95 CED

G A R Sure Fire

+15 -0.4 WW +57 YW +107 Milk +30 CW +47 Marb +1.35 RE +.77 $W 64.51 $B 156.93 Outcross calving ease with tremendous carcass merit.

CED BW

Also sire groups by: Basin Paycheck 5249 • Basin Payweight Plus 6048 For more information, contact any of the EXAR PowerSource 4723B • HF Tiger 5T Montana Performance Bull Co-op consignors EXAR Profiteer 5730B • LD Capitalist 316 Brian Barragree • 406/780-1219 Rob Aumueller • 406/321-2470 Mohnen Deadwood 1114 • SydGen Enhance

Sharon Stevenson • 406/350-2332

Doug Stevenson • 406/350-0350

Teichert noted systems that are drier or unirrigated need a longer recovery time than those that experience more rainfall or irrigation.

Fewer herds, larger numbers In addition to adaptive grazing, Teichert recommended ranchers combine herds so they have fewer but larger herds, which decreases the need for fencing and water sites and decreases cost.

“When we think about grazing management, we have to keep in mind the relationship of the soil to plants, plants to animals and ultimately animals to us,” said Teichert.

In terms of how to plan for grazing, Teichert noted he is still an avid fan of old-fashion grazing charts completed by hand.

“Grazing charts should have days of the year across one side and pastures down the other,” said Teichert.

“A good grazing plan works by ultimately lengthening the grazing season and reducing the number of days necessary to feed, therefore reducing overall cost,” according to Teichert.

Improving cattle “To truly improve cattle, we have to select cattle that can withstand the rigors of our climate,” said Teichert.

“They need to be able to graze most or even all of the year with little supplement.”

Teichert noted there are essentially two parts to the environment – the natural environment and what managers add to it.

“We don’t want to add much to it, just take off the rough edges of severe weather,” Teichert said.

“Then, we have a cow who can stay healthy, conceive, deliver and wean a good calf with very little help and attention.”

“I have always been critical of too much size, milk and lack of heterosis in cattle,” Teichert noted. “We want to look for a crossbred cow of moderate to small frame and moderate milk production.”

Culling Another big factor Teichert discussed in improving cattle as a whole is learning to cull the correct cattle.

The culling process should be careful and systematic.

Cows that are open, dry or wild; require individual attention; have poor calves or

are just ugly by personal own standards can all be on the cull list,” said Teichert.

Cows that aren’t being bred back or continuously have issues with birthing need to be culled, according to Teichert.

“We have to exercise caution when choosing bulls, as well. We want to really consider their care requirements, mature size and cow fertility,” he said.

“If we constantly have to feed a bull to keep his condition, he needs to be culled,” Teichert said.

Improving people “If we want people to improve, we must orient and train,” according to Teichert. “We can’t assume people understand the business and know how to do what we expect of them.”

Teichert stressed the importance of managers leading the creation of a shared vision and inclusive goals that everyone understands and includes input from the entire team.

“This vision needs to include the financial landscape and quality of life goals,” according to Teichert.

Teichert defined a manager’s job as creating an environment in which people want to excel and provides the tools, training and resources to do so.

When it comes to empowering people, managers have to understand that while they can encourage, facilitate and reward, empowerment is personal and the individual has to want it, according to Teichert.

“At the end of the day, good leadership is best gauged by the voluntary responses of those being led,” said Teichert.

Tiechert commented, management of people on a team should be viewed as managing relationships, as opposed to managing individual people.

“We want to have good relationships with everyone on the team from the feed and equipment reps to accountants and lawyers,” said Teichert. “Managing these relationships instead of the people ensures the relationships on the team are good and productive.”

Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

LOOKING TO ADD MORE GENETIC POWER TO YOUR HERD? Selling Select Yearlings & Females out of these and Additional Industry Leading Sires

COWBOY CLASSIC 10 TH ANNUAL ANGUS BULL SALE

MARCH 9, 2019 1 PM • Buffalo Livestock • Buffalo, Wyoming CATTLEUSA.com

Musgrave Aviator #17264774

KM Broken Bow #16764044

LD Capitalist 316 #17666102

Connealy Black Granite #17028963

OFFERING YOU MATERNAL AND PERFORMANCE OPTIONS Kretschman Angus Kelby, Lacey and Clancy Kretschman 307-736-2327 klkret@rangeweb.net kretschmanangus.com

Double W Angus Beaver Creek Ranches Pete and Lucy Widener 307-674-6947 doublew@fiberpipe.net

Swenson Cattle Co. Andy & Sarah, Cole, Shae, AJ and Aspen Swenson 406-694-2713 AS_Swenson@msn.com

Oedekoven Angus David, Diana & Cyndi Oedekoven (307) 674-7375 doangus@gmail.com www.OARangus.com

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

OBITUARIES We welcome obituaries. Obituaries are printed free of charge and can be sent to roundup@wylr.net.

Jerrold Glicko June 10, 1943 – Feb. 10, 2019

Little Belt, Mont. native and Belt, Mont. area resident, Jerry Gliko, 75, passed away quietly at Peace Hospice House in Great Falls, Feb. 10 from complications of Emphysema and COPD. Born in Great Falls, Mont. on June 10, 1943 to Rudy Gliko and Edna Lee Gliko, Jerry began life on the ranch in Little Belt. His life came full circle back to the ranch as he and his brother Gary have spent the last several years working together on the place.

Just shy of his third birthday, Jerry suffered the untimely loss of his father Rudy. Gary joined the family three months later,

and Edna moved everyone to Great Falls, Mont. for a short period of time.

They soon returned to the ranch. Aided by faith and trust in God with help from family and neighbors, they moved forward.

In 1951, Edna married Tony Urick. Three sisters and a brother were added to the family. All the kids looked to Jerry as a big brother and friend.

Jerry attended oneroom country schools around the ranch through grade eight and then graduated from Belt Valley High School. In 1961, he headed off to Montana State College in Bozeman, Mont. to study animal science. After numerous interruptions, a college degree was obtained in the spring of 1969.

He was then hired by the American Hereford Association as a field man.

He worked for the association for several years based out of Kansas City, Mo., living in various states and then went into ranch management.

Eventually, he found a spot with the Western

Livestock Journal, where he was actively engaged for several decades.

Livestock insurance added another industry dimension to his numerous capabilities. In addition, he produced the annual Stock Growers Association Directory. Agriculture and the cattle industry were his life-long occupations. His eternal optimism and gift of gab suited him well over the years.

While working in Ohio, the manager of Jerry’s apartment building caught his eye. Elaine Adams, raised in New Jersey and living in Ohio, brought a special dimension to Jerry’s life. They were married in Kansas City, Mo. in December of 1973 and before long moved to Billings, Mont., where sons Josh and Aron completed their family.

While there, Jerry enjoyed many family activities that centered around fishing and boating and spending time with his wife and sons. In 2008, Jerry and Elaine moved to their present residence north of Belt.

A15

In recent years Jerry has found strength through his church and the Knights of Columbus activities, not to mention, those special visits with relatives, family and old friends.

Jerry is survived by his wife of 45 years Elaine of the family home; sons Josh of Bozeman, Mont. and San Diego, Calif. and Aron of Bozeman, Mont.; brothers Gary Gliko of Great Falls, Mont., Rick (Barb) Urick of Waxhaw, N.C.; sisters Debbie (Russ) Sorensen of Butte, Mont., Virginia (Bruce) Sorensen of Belgrade,

Mont. and Becky Murray of Belgrade, Mont.; sisterin-laws Jane of Pickerington, Ohio and Lin of Princeton, N.J.; brother-in-law Joe Adams of Lancaster, Ohio; and 14 nieces and nephews and their families.

Preceding Jerry in death were his parents Rudy Gliko and Edna Gliko Urick; parents-inlaw Joe and Ruth Adams; and nephew Drew Murray.

A vigil was held at St. Mark’s Catholic Church in Belt on Feb. 14. Funeral liturgy took place at St. Mark’s in Belt on Feb.

15. Cremation has taken place under the direction of O’Connor Funeral Home and internment of the ashes will take place at a later date.

In lieu of flowers, donations may be made to the Belt Volunteer Ambulance, St. Mark’s Knights of Columbus and Peace Hospice.

The family would to like extend their sincere thanks to all of those who have extended such loving care of Jerry.

Condolences for the family may be left at OConnorFuneralHome.com.

18th Annual Doornbos Lecture Series Back by popular demand:

Lowell Catlett, Ph.D. Learn about the new and exciting technologies that will occur in the next few years and how you can adapt and be part of them in a positive and productive way.

FREE AND OPEN TO ALL! FRIDAY, MARCH 1, 2019, 6 p.m.

Sharon D. Nichols Auditorium McMurry Career Studies Center Casper College campus

More Info.: 307-268-3128, 800-442-2963, ext. 3128, or tjones@caspercollege.edu

A16

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

P\T LIVESTOCK

Your source for powerful genetics with MORE VALUE at AFFORDABLE PRICES

Annual High-Country Genetics Performance Bull Sale

Selling 75 Yearling Angus Bulls • High Elevation PAP Tested Monday, February 25, 2019 Cowboy Auction - 1 p.m. • P\T Livestock Feedlot • 345 Missouri Valley Rd. on Hwy. 134 • Riverton, WY Selling Sons of:

Absolute • Bluestem • Ozzie Outright • Renown • Resource Charlo 3212 • Cowboy Up

PTL Renown 801-3201F 2/22/18 AAA# 19348763 Sire: S A V Renown 3439 CED: +0 BW: +2.4 WW: +64 YW: +115 M: +23

PTL Absolute 816-025F 2/9/18 AAA# 19348747 Sire: K C F Bennett Absolute CED: +5 BW: +2.4 WW: +61 YW: +110 M: +26

Bulls BRED FOR BALANCE in all traits Wide Topped • Square Hipped Thick • Sound • Easy Fleshing

PTL Bluestem 819-640 2/4/18 AAA# 193487478 Sire: Buford Bluestem 9974 CED: +10 BW: -0.3 WW: +56 YW: +94 M: +27

“THE RIGHT COMBINATION” Calving Ease • Growth • Milk Maternal • Carcass Backed by 35 years of AI & ET genetics produced in harsh mountain environment where cows work for a living Real World Bulls Rancher Tested & Approved View the catalog and videos of the bulls on our website. For a catalog contact:

PTL Ozzie 811-513F 2/13/18 AAA# 19348745 Sire: Ox Bow Ozzie 3233 CED: +12 BW: -1.1 WW: +61 YW: +105 M: +24

PTL Cowboy Up 803-3105F 2/12/18 AAA# 19349493 Sire: HA Cowboy Up 5405 CED: +10 BW: -1.0 WW: +69 YW: +127 M: +18

PTL Outright 828-3335F 2/11/18 AAA# 19348753 ® Sire: HAYNES Outright 452 CED: +9 BW: -.2 WW: +61 YW: +111 M: +20

www.ptlivestock.com 307-709-8351 Pete & Lynnda Thompson Big Piney and Riverton, WY

®

RIVERTON LIVESTOCK AUCTION Tuesday, February 12, 2019 Market Report • 1,171 Head Sold Representative Sales COWS RIVERTON 1 Cow, 1370# ..................................$63.50 FARSON 2 Cow, 1122# ..................................$62.50 MCKINNON 2 Cow, 1155# ..................................$59.00 2 Cow, 1230# ..................................$58.00 2 Cow, 1222# ..................................$57.00 PAVILLION 3 Cow, 1303# ..................................$56.00 GREYBULL 3 Cow, 1298# ..................................$55.50 LANDER 5 Cow, 1210# ..................................$54.50 LANDER 9 Cow, 1116# ..................................$53.50 SHOSHONI 6 Cow, 1650# ..................................$53.00 BULLS MANILA, UT 2 Bull, 2077# ...................................$81.50 LANDER 4 Bull, 1933# ...................................$79.50 MANDERSON 1 Bull, 2180# ...................................$77.00 MCKINNON 1 Bull, 1915# ...................................$75.50 1 Bull, 2055# ...................................$74.00 RIVERTON 1 Bull, 1995# ...................................$73.00 MCKINNON 2 Bull, 1797# ...................................$72.50 1 Bull, 1835# ...................................$69.50 SALT LAKE CITY, UT 2 Bull, 1962# ...................................$65.50 BRED HEIFERS/COWS TENSLEEP 17 Bred Heifer, 1055# ..................$1,525.00 42 Bred Heifer, 1068# ..................$1,500.00 RIVERTON 15 Bred Heifer, 1058# ..................$1,425.00 SHOSHONI 5 Bred Heifer, 869# ....................$1,400.00 9 Bred Heifer, 948# ....................$1,350.00 RIVERTON 30 Bred Cow, 1392# (SM)............$1,500.00 FARSON 10 Bred Cow, 1139# (SM) ............$1,500.00 RIVERTON 21 Bred Cow, 1329# (SM)............$1,475.00

Early Consignments

CORA 41 Bred Cow, 1109# (SM April/May) .......................................................$1,350.00 SALINA, UT 32 Bred Cow, 1171# (SM) ............$1,325.00 RIVERTON 14 Bred Cow, 1371# (SS) ............$1,225.00 SALINA, UT 12 Bred Cow, 1165# (SS) ............$1,100.00 CORA 22 Bred Cow, 1157# (SS) ............$1,075.00 29 Bred Cow, 1137# (SS) ............$1,025.00 RIVERTON 16 Bred Cow, 1333# (SS) ............$1,000.00 SHOSHONI 15 Bred Cow, 1397# (ST0...............$875.00 FARSON 37 Bred Cow, 1195# (ST)................$850.00 CORA 13 Bred Cow, 1085# (ST) ...............$810.00 HEIFERETTES MCKINNON 2 Heiferette, 867# .........................$107.00 FARSON 6 Heiferette, 804# .........................$102.00 22 Heiferette, 893# ...........................$91.00 MANDERSON 3 Heiferette, 990# ...........................$86.00

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 19 CALF & YEALING SPECIAL W/ ALL CATTLE CLASSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS FEEDERS Ron & Jackie Lucas - 100 Blk Ang & AngX Strs 500-600#. Rec Vista Once SQ, Vision 7 w/ Somnus & poured. Weaned mid Nov. Conditioned for grass. One iron. Sired by powerful Blk Ang bulls.

Six Iron Ranch – 75 Red Ang Strs 875-900#. Rec Express 5, Vision 8 w/ Somnus & Enforce 3 @ Branding; Pyramid 5 & Vision 8 w/ Somnus @ Weaning (10/1). On a hay, silage, DDG grow ration. One brand, reputation feeder steers!

Coyote Springs Ranch - 35 Blk Crossbred Strs 400-500#.

10 Jersey Strs 800-900#. Grain fed.

Triangle Five Ranch - 40 Blk Strs 400-450#.

Rec two rounds of shots. Long time weaned.

Hay fed.

Nick Harris - 35 Blk Strs & Hfrs 500-600#. Comp vacc. Long time weaned. Hay fed & fancy!

Randall Jones - 33 Angus/HerefordX Strs & Hfrs 750#. Rec Express 5, 8-way & wormed. Hfrs are Bangs vacc. Bunk broke. Fancy!

Tom & Amy Reed - 30 Blk Ang Hfrs 700-750#.

Comp vacc @ Branding & Weaning. Dectomax, poured w/ Cleanup & Bangs vacc (1/19).

Hay fed, fancy, one iron heifers!

Ray Parkhurst - 12 strs 800# 13 Hfrs 700#. Weaned 90+ days. Hay fed.

Dan Bisbee - 24 Strs & Hfrs 650#. Comp vacc @ Branding. Long time weaned. Hay fed, all natural.

Jack & Ellen Baird - 20 Blk Strs & Hfrs 450#.

Shippen Angus - 20 Blk Ang Hfrs 500-600#.

Rec two rounds of Vision 7, Express 5 & Once PMH. Long time weaned. High elevation. Hay fed, replacement quality heifers!

Mike Federer - 19 Blk Strs & Hfrs 600#. All natural. Long time weaned. Hay fed.

Luke Fidler - 10 Blk Strs & Hfrs 550-650#. Comp vacc. Weaned in Oct. Hay & cake fed.

COWS Gooseberry Creek Ranch - 38 Blk Heiferettes 900-1,000#

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 26 BRED COW SALE W/ SHEEP & HORSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ SHEEP & WEIGH UPS, BREDS @ NOON

SATURDAY, MARCH 2 LUCKY 7 ANGUS BULL SALE START TIME 12:00 PM Lucky 7 Angus Bull Sale - 316 Blk Ang 2 Yr old Bulls 57 Blk Ang Yearling Bulls.

PAP tested @ 7,589 ft. Nation’s leader in proven feed efficiency. (12:00 PM NOON)

TUESDAY, MARCH 5 CALF SPECIAL W/ ALL CATTLE CLASSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, MARCH 12 BRED COW SPECIAL W/ HANCOCK ANGUS BULL SALE (1 PM) START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS Hancock Angus - 36 Yrling Blk Ang bulls. All sired by proven AI sires. PAP & semen tested & Carcass Ultrasounded. BVD & Bangs tested free.

Rodewald Ranch - 224 Blk Ang & AngX 3-9 Yr old Bred cows. Bred to Registered Blk Ang bulls to start calving the end of April. Rec Bovishield Gold VL5 & Vision 7 & poured. Complete dispersal. Fancy, powerful cows!

SATURDAY, MARCH 16 DIAMOND PEAK BULL SALE START TIME 1:00 PM Diamond Peak Cattle - 70 Blk Ang 2 Yr olds, 60 Blk Ang Yrling Bulls & 10 SimAngus 2 Yr olds.

Sires include Regal Duty, Indeed, Confirmed & Bluestem. PAP tested.

TUESDAY, MARCH 19 CALF SPECIAL W/ ALL CATTLE CLASSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, MARCH 19 BRED COW SPECIAL W/ NORTHWEST WYOMNG ANGUS ASSOCIATION BULL SALE (1 PM) & SHEEP & HORSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ SHEEP & WEIGH UPS Northwest WY Angus Bull sale - 50 Yrling Angus Bulls 4 Two Yr Old Angus bulls. PAP & Semen tested.

Bulls sired by high quality Angus bulls.

Contact: Riverton Livestock Auction (307) 856-2209 • Jeff Brown (307) 850-4193 • Tom Linn (307) 728-8519 • Mark Winter (580) 747-9436 • www.rivertonlivestock.com • Also watch our live cattle auction at www.cattleusa.com

1490 South 8th Street East • River ton, WY 82501 • (307) 856-2209

®

Subscribe to the Wyoming Livestock Roundup for $50 per year by calling 307-234-2700

®

Body condition scores can be used to assist in reproductive management Utilizing body condition scoring as a management tool can help ranchers improve weaning weights, conception rates and overall calf health, according to Naomi Paley, Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture regional livestock specialist.

The body condition score (BCS) is accessed on a scale of one to five, measuring body fat on a cow. The score can be determined by feeling cows in low-muscle areas of the body such as the short rib to determine the fat content, Paley explains.

“Body condition can effect a lot of things in cattle,” says Paley. “From calf health to rebreeding and subsequent weaning weights, producers can save money by understanding how to manage body condition scores.”

Calf health “When a cow loses condition, a lot of things happen,” says Paley. “When she loses weight, she will produce less milk and lower quality colostrum, which effects both the calf’s weight and initial immunity.”

“Calves born to cows with a body condition of two or less at calving or to cows that lose condition after calving can have any-

where from five to 25 percent reduction in weaning weights,” Paley says. “This is largely due to reduced quantity and nutritional value of cow’s milk.”

Rebreeding Paley conducted an experiment using 100 cows divided into thin, moderate and good condition at the time of calving. Only 66 percent of the cows ranked thin were in heat at 90 days post calving, in comparison to 91 percent and 100 percent of cows in the moderate and good categories, respectively.

“Our goal shouldn’t be to simply get cows bred.

Our goal should be to get them bred as soon as possible,” says Paley.

“For every cycle the cow remains open, her calf will be 20 days younger and 40 pounds lighter on average,” says Paley. “If we assume a calf is growing an average two pounds per day, that is $2.25 per pound and a total of $90 per head lost for every missed cycle.”

As a more large-scale example, Paley estimates a rancher with 100 head will lose $5,000 in revenue in the fall if only half his herd is bred on the first cycle. At the estimate of 40 pounds

per calf and $2.50 per pound, this 2,000 pounds of lost weight totals to $5,000 in revenue.

Improving scores “It takes 200 pounds of fat for an average cow to gain one full condition score,” says Paley. “That equates to 25 bushels of barley and approximately $81.75 per head or 2,000 pounds of hay and $100 per head.”

Paley explains it is simply more expensive and difficult to put weight on a cow during the winter than to just maintain good condition year around.

“The feed and biological costs are much higher,” says Paley.

Understanding energy requirements Karin Schmid, a beef production specialist with Alberta Beef Producers, explains energy requirements change as the cow progresses through pregnancy and calving.

“Assuming calving happens in March, January is the last chance to add condition to a cow before her energy needs increase and condition becomes very expensive to add,” says Schmid.

“Energy requirements are highest in late gestation and

lactation.”

“We also have to pay special attention to first calf heifers,” says Schmid.

“These heifers are still growing and need to be managed differently than the cows in a herd.”

“In comparison to mature cows averaging 1,300 pounds, a heifer weighs 900 pounds,” says Schmid. “Heifers need 18 pounds of total dry matter per day in the third trimester as opposed to 15 pounds for mature heifers and an additional third of a pound of crude protein per day.”

“When we’re talking about under-conditioned cows, we want to add condition when energy requirements are the lowest, which is typically around weaning time. This acts as an insurance policy as we go into the winter and energy requirements increase,” Schmid says.

Management groups “We want to divide the herd into three groups mature cows, replacement heifers and second-calf cows and older, thin cows,” says Schmid. “Cows at different stages of production have different needs.”

“Mature cows will be just fine on average-quality

“When we’re talking about under-conditioned cows, we want to add condition when energy requirements are the lowest, which is typically around weaning time. This acts as an insurance policy as we go into the winter and energy requirements increase.” − Karin Schmid, Alberta Beef Producers forage and extended grazing systems,” says Schmid.

“Heifers need good-quality forage and maybe some supplementation depending on their rate of growth and the intensity of the winter.”

She adds, “The third group will definitely need

good quality forage and supplements to get through the winter in good condition.”

Callie Hanson is assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Body condition score According to Naomi Paley, regional livestock specialist with the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, determining body condition score (BCS) is a hands-on process.

“To really get a feel for a cow’s BCS, we have to put our hands on her,” says Paley. “This isn’t really something we can just eyeball.”

Body condition scoring is done on a scale of one to five, Paley explains. A score of one indicates the cow has very little fat, and a score of five indicates the cow is too fat. Ideally cows should be between a 2.5 and three score.

“The best locations to check for BCS are places where there is little to no muscle between the hide and the bone,” says Paley. “We don’t need to aim to get an exact number, but we should understand what moderate feels like.”

Paley says the best places to check for BCS are the short ribs, spine, hook-and-pin, pelvis and tail head.

On the far ends of the spectrum, BCS can generally be determined visually because cows are extremely thin or fat.

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Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Wilderness Study Areas affect Wyoming ranchers' ability to operate on public lands Sheridan – Forty-two designated Wilderness Study Areas (WSAs) fall within the confines of the state of Wyoming.

Ambiguities in legislation surrounding WSAs have allowed for misinterpretations that may harm Wyoming ranchers.

The 2019 Wyoming Farm Bureau Young Farmer and Rancher Conference featured a discussion panel on WSAs. Speakers included various professionals involved in legislation, grazing and public lands.

History “The Federal Land Policy Act of 1976 established Congress as the only body able to designate or release WSAs,” said Legislative Assistant to Congressman Liz Cheney Holly Hinojsa.

“But, in 1991, a Bureau of Land Management (BLM) report recommended over

half of Wyoming’s WSAs be released. Considerations for release included conservation, other current uses and surrounding public lands,” Hinojsa commented.

Hinojsa pointed out the Obama administration allowed BLM to inventory any land with wilderness characteristics and manage it as such.

“This caused a lot of frustration because it felt as though the bureaus were going around Congress to manage lands,” Hinojsa explained.

Legislative priorities Hinojsa pointed out these areas can be extremely problematic for ranchers due to the restrictions and lack of flexibility in how they are managed.

“Congressman Cheney has made an effort to tackle this issue since she was campaigning for Congress,” Hino-

For more information on wilderness study areas, visit wyo-wcca.org.

jsa said. “Our office talked to a variety of people to reach a solution that met the needs of all involved.”

“We didn’t want to step on people’s toes, and there was a great effort by the County Commissioners in Wyoming to help improve legislation for WSAs,” Hinojsa said.

“Cheney was able to introduce a bill that would release WSAs in Sweetwater, Big Horn and Lincoln counties, as well as prevent the creation of any new WSAs without congressional approval.”

Hinojsa mentioned they also worked with Wyoming Farm Bureau and Wyoming Stock Growers Association in creating this bill.

“Unfortunately, the timing for the bill wasn’t right,” Hinojsa said. “It passed the House Natural Resources Committee but will have to be reintroduced.”

Hinojsa pointed out there are a lot of ambiguities within legislation that allow for interpretations that are damaging to

ranchers.

“For example, there is protection for grazing and multiple uses in the writing of some laws but not in practice,” she said. “This is why it’s so important for legislation to be written in a way that allows for very little interpretation.”

“Legislation has to be written tightly, so there are no questions as to what is and is not allowed,” Hinojsa stated.

Roadblocks “When people from back East enter Wyoming, they think the entire state is wilderness,” said Washakie County Public Lands Initiative Advisory Committeeman Dan Rice.

“We don’t want to do is marginalize what wilderness really is,” Rice commented.

“For those of us living out West, we understand what wilderness is and isn’t, and we don’t want to set harmful precedence for the future.”

Rice brought up the question as to whether or not areas with roadways should be

labeled wilderness.

“There shouldn’t be roads in a wilderness area in my opinion,” Rice stated. “But if we allow one area with roads to be labeled as wilderness, it sets a precedent for this to happen in the future.”

Hinojsa pointed out it is often hard to relay western issues to eastern Republicans.

“At a national level, it can be really hard to gain the support of legislators who don’t understand and have never experienced western issues first hand,” Hinojsa said.

Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Specialty crop grant out The Wyoming Department of Agriculture (WDA) is now accepting applications for the Wyoming Specialty Crop Grant Program.

This year, WDA is estimated to receive up to $350,000 from the USDA Specialty Crop Block Grant Program contingent on funding availability. The allocation is to be used solely to enhance the competitiveness of specialty crops in Wyoming by increasing the production and consumption of fruits, vegetables, tree nuts, horticulture and floriculture.

Competitive grant awards will be considered up to $24,500 for specialty crop projects lasting one to two years.

In addition we will entertain projects up to $50,000 lasting two to three years that can justify larger impacts and the need for additional funding.

For more information, contact Ted Craig at 307-7776651 or ted.craig@wyo.gov or visit wyagric.state.wy.us.

The deadline for applications is March 29.

Wyoming Game and Fish Commission Public Meetings 2019 Proposed Hunting Seasons & Regulations The Wyoming Game and Fish Department is holding public meetings and has opened a comment period to gather input on proposed big game, wild turkey, upland game bird, small game, wild bison, migratory game bird and light goose conservation order hunting seasons and the general hunting regulation.

All interested parties are encouraged to attend one of the public meetings to be held across the state discussing the 2019 hunting season proposals: March 18 March 18 March 18 March 18 March 19 March 19 March 19 March 19 March 19

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Riverton Rock Springs Jackson Kaycee Kemmerer

March 21 6 p.m. Baggs March 21 6 p.m. Dubois March 21 6 p.m. Saratoga March 25 6 p.m. Lovell March 25 6 p.m. Mtn View March 25 March 25 March 25 March 25 March 26 March 26 March 26

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Torrington Douglas Green River Laramie Lusk Sheridan Casper Cheyenne Cody Lander

Town Hall Bighorn Federal Bank Game and Fish Office Worland Fairgrounds Afton Civic Center Johnson County Library Campbell County Library Town Hall Meeteetse Conservation District Fremont County Library White Mountain Library Game and Fish Office Johnson County Library South Lincoln Training & Events Center Valley Community Center Headwaters Arts & Conference Center Town Hall Fire Hall Uinta County School District #4 VFW Post 2516 Crook County Courthouse Bighorn Federal Bank Platte County Library Uinta County Library Game and Fish Office Jeffrey Memorial Community Center Platte Valley Bank Converse County Library Game and Fish Office Game and Fish Office Niobrara County Courthouse Game and Fish Office Game and Fish Office Game and Fish Office Bighorn Federal Bank Game and Fish Office

Written comments shall be accepted through 5 p.m. April 1 at public meetings or by mailing: Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Regulations, 3030 Energy Lane, Casper, WY 82604 or online at http:// wgfd.wyo.gov. Copies of the proposed regulations are available on the department website and at the address above in accordance with Chapter 1 Regulation Governing Access to Public Records.

Written comments shall be presented to the Game and Fish Commission prior to the public hearing at their April 23-24 meeting in Riverton.

The Game and Fish Department supports the Americans with Disabilities Act. Every effort will be made for reasonable accommodations by contacting the nearest Game and Fish office.

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

B3

Rowntree: Next generation will need more focus on grazing land management With the U.S. eroding over 1 billion tons of soil in U.S. agricultural systems today, the biggest challenge for the next agricultural generation will be finding the answer to rectify that problem, according to an associate professor of Animal Science at Michigan State University. Jason Rowntree toured Nebraska recently speaking to ranchers and agricultural students about the role of grazing in the food production system.

Looking at the USDA erosion laboratory data, Rowntree said that 1 billion tons of soil erosion calculates to 2 trillion pounds of nutrients and is equivalent to 40 million semi loads of soil per year.

“If we compare the soil we erode to the amount of grain, corn, beans and hay produced in the U.S., the amount of soil we erode through our production dwarfs the amount of corn, beans and hay we produce each year,” Rowntree said. “The number one export in U.S. agriculture is not the grains we produce but the amount of soil we are eroding.

It is something we know we could do better.”

Soil management Rowntree believes curbing soil erosion will be quite a challenge and urged students to believe there are good people out there willing to help.

“I believe there are good people at the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

I believe there are good people at the Humane Society of the U.S. I also believe there are good Democrats, Independents and Republicans,” he said. “It is up to me to find the people I can agree with and not worry about the organization we try to pen those people towards. We need to find people we can work with and agree with, regardless of their affiliation as an organization.”

Q.

After two massive hurricanes devastated Louisiana agriculture in 2005, Rowntree worked with farmers, ranchers and others to help them recover. It was there he realized he wanted to make the world a better place and could help by developing systems to increase the resilience of food production worldwide.

Research efforts Since then, he has participated in research to improve energy use at the farm level for grazing.

His studies have focused on capturing kinetic and solar energy, which is energy that could be used without a dollar bill. He has also spent a lot of time researching how greenhouse gas fluxes and what energy in and energy out coming into the farm really means.

“What I want to know is how much I am absorbing in my system versus how much is going back out,” he said.

Rowntree coordinates the Lake City, Mich. and UPREC Ag Bio Research and Extension Center, where he addresses economic, environmental and social complexity in agriculture. In fact, he has secured more than $2 million in funding to study how grazing livestock can improve land and mitigate climate change by capturing carbon and providing other ecosystem services.

Beef research Another area of work Rowntree is interested in is grass-finished local beef production systems.

“In my work, I do a lot more grass finishing than I do grain,” he explained. “I am not opposed to grain finishing livestock. I do a lot of work looking at local and regional food systems.”

Rowntree continued, “I use things like herbicides and fertilizer, but I use them as

Why change & blend hay ratios on-the-go?

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tools in my toolbox versus crutches that have to keep me going in my production system.”

The Lake City Research Center was one of the first universities in the country to conduct crossbreeding research in the 70s, Rowntree said.

Through the years, the research center started with 800-pound cows but eventually bred them up to an average of 1,800 pounds to more than a ton after expected progeny difference (EPD) reliability-based research.

When he started working at the center, Rowntree was interested in low-input, grassbased research and ended up liquidating most of the large cows, bringing in some smaller Red Angus cows from a seedstock producer in Sheridan, Mont.

“It was a unique opportunity that we had to get done in 60 days,” he explained.

Farming program The next step was throwing more than 30 years of conventional farming out the window and changing the grazing and farming program at the university to a strictly grazing operation.

The school had 300 grazable acres and 270 hayed acres.

Traditionally, the employees spent the summer cutting and baling hay that was fed back to the cows starting in September or October.

All the labor was tied up in cutting hay all summer, so one of Rowntree’s first tasks was putting up fence around an area to graze.

“We fenced everything on the farm with three strands of high tensile wire,” he said.

Shifting to grazing Once Rowntree was able to use the ground to graze cattle, he found they were able to grow an average of 3,000 pounds utilization per acre of

land.

“We could grow six tons of dry matter and run a pair on an acre and a half of land,” he said.

Rowntree stopped the haying operation and started purchasing lower quality hay that averaged eight percent crude protein for $80 a ton delivered.

Rowntree only applied lime to fertilize the farm when it was needed, and he worked through parasite issues, only using pour-on once for lice control since 2010.

“We have done a lot in a short period of time, but I believe in managed grazing.

It is having cattle at a certain location for a certain period of time to accomplish a certain purpose through land or animal with a given animal behavior,” he explained.

Land management In 2010, he started looking at how much land they had and how much grass was available and made the decision to start moving cattle.

“We started looking at 150,000, 250,000 and 500,000 pounds of density.

We started looking at the impact of our trample to graze

ratio. We wanted to look at the impacts we are making on the land we are using,” he said.

Over time, Rowntree could see dramatic improvements.

“Now we move the cowherd once a day, but we keep the bred heifers closer around the barn. We calve in April

and May and turn the heifers back in with the cows after calving,” he said. “The open heifers to breed, and the steers that will be grass fed are also managed separately.”

Gayle Smith is a correspondent for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Long-term sustainability -- Jason Rowntree of Michigan State University has concentrated on utilizing grazing land management to improve the production on operations at the Lake City Research Center. Gayle Smith photo

FACTORY DIRECT PRICES CHUTES IN STOCK bighornlivestock.com Call Kevin McClurg • Big Horn Livestock Services 307-673-4917 • Your Wyoming Silencer Dealer

B4

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Wyoming Game and Fish Department reports steep drop in Sublette mule deer numbers Two zigzag lines on a simple chart display a grim story of the Sublette mule deer herd on the Pinedale Anticline.

The chart is on the cover of December 2018’s mule deer monitoring report for the Pinedale Anticline Project Office shows precipitous drops last year.

One steep line is the 48-percent drop in Mesa mule deer and the other, a 28-percent decline in the overall Sublette herd numbers, including the Mesa, for 2017-18 within the Pinedale Anticline Project Area. The net decline – 20 percent overall.

These are the worst numbers reported by Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) since the Anticline’s monitoring program set its baseline winter counts in 2006-07.

Inside the numbers WGFD Biologist Phil Damm, who works with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in the Pinedale Anticline Project Office (PAPO), presented “Mule Deer Monitoring in the Pinedale Anticline Project Area” to the board of directors at its Dec. 12 meeting in Cheyenne.

It was prepared for the PAPO and WGFD by Western Ecosystems Technology, Inc., which has monitored the Sublette herd on Bureau of Land Management’s extensive Anticline oil and gas development

since 2001.

The 20-percent drop is well over the 15 percent trigger defined in the Anticline’s 2008 Record of Decision. The Record of Decision for the project is the foundation for how Sublette mule deer and other wildlife are managed in its development zones and sets out set guidelines for management, monitoring and mitigation.

The baseline numbers against which declines – and growth, which last happened in 2008 – were 2,846 mule deer on the Mesa and 24,165 deer in the entire Sublette herd unit.

Last February, 1,495 mule deer were on the Mesa and 17,299 in the Sublette herd.

Mitigation matters When an annual net decline crosses the 15-percent threshold, mitigation measures are required.

WGFD plans longterm habitat projects, and these are undertaken by the PAPO team, employees, the public and interested groups. Many projects have multiple partners, according to Damm.

On the Anticline, operators – mainly Ultra Resources – pay $7,500 “spud” fees to the PAPO for mitigation.

Mule deer declines were not unexpected, according to Caleb Hiner, BLM Pinedale Field Office manager.

“We did an Environmental Impact Statement back in 2008 and said in the Record of Decision (ROD) that there would be significant impacts for wildlife,” Hiner pointed out. “We were very clear that there would be impacts.”

In 2009-10, the net decline was 25 percent with 26,732 deer and the next year, 2010-11, it was 16 percent with 23,426 deer.

“This is the third time they have hit the trigger,” Hiner said. “It’s important to point out it hasn’t been hit three years in a row.”

Active projects Mitigation began in earnest back then, and new projects are approved annually by the PAPO board, which meets in May in Pinedale and “continues for the life of the Pinedale Anticline,” Hiner added.

“BLM is committed to working with its partners on the Pinedale Anticline to find appropriate mitigations.”

Past habitat projects have not slowed the decline, though.

“I don’t know how to gauge the effectiveness of mitigation,” Hiner said.

“The mitigation we are doing is within the reference area. We don’t have a ‘control’ to measure effectiveness.”

WGFD has technology on its side, said Damm.

“One key method we use to ensure these proj-

ects have benefits to PAPO mule deer is analyzing mule deer GPS collar data to inform the most suitable locations for project work, places where we will get the most ‘bang for our buck,’ so to speak.”

WGFD and partners have many projects that improve off-site and onsite habitat, according to Damm.

“Thousands of acres of habitat projects and dozens of miles of fence modifications have been completed over the last 10 years,” he said. “New habitat projects for Sublette mule deer are developed on an annual basis and much work is yet to be initiated.”

Pace of drilling A 2017 report showed mule deer avoid active oil and gasfield facilities.

Hiner said mule deer already avoid the most developed places and he doesn’t want “punitive” action against operators.

“Whatever we do we want to make sure it is going to be effective,” he said. “We don’t want to have mitigation be just a punitive measure. The ROD of 2008 says we may limit the pace of development and 10 years ago that might have been a good idea. But I don’t know if it is a good idea now. We may look at some other locations and intensity when new applications are submitted.”

“If the winter continues to be average or below in terms of winter range snow and temperatures, then recruitment into the population should be above average.” – Phil Damm, Wyoming Game and Fish Department Ultra’s Kelly Bott said of the trigger, “Mule deer mitigation has been an ongoing priority in the Pinedale Anticline for many years and Ultra supports continuing this approach. The recent mule deer impacts stem from the particularly harsh winter of 2016-17.”

He added, “Ultra appreciates the importance of mule deer and will continue to support efforts advancing the vitality of the mule deer population.

We also look forward to supporting future projects that will help offset the winter losses of the Mesa mule deer and the Sublette Herd Unit.”

WGFD with BLM and others review new natural resource extraction projects, “coordinating with them and industry on new mineral leasing, individual site development, exception requests and wildlife monitoring,” Damm said.

Future The largest factor for the plummeting population was the extremely harsh winter of 2016-17, which killed at least 90 percent of fawns and per-

haps 35 percent of adults.

The Sublette herd seems to be rebounding, according to Damm. The annual herd count takes place later this month but WGFD just completed its post-hunting season survey with a focus on fawns and does.

“Given that the drivers of our populations are the does’ survival and annual fawn recruitment, we can get a good picture of the status of the population by focusing on those aspects,” Damm explained. “Doe survival continues to be very high. WGFD assesses fawn recruitment by the ratio of the number of fawns per 100 does, which was 68 during the latest post-season counts and slightly above the 10-year average of about 64.”

He added, “If the winter continues to be average or below in terms of winter range snow and temperatures, then recruitment into the population should be above average.”

Joy Ufford is a correspondent for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Mule deer populations drop

Mule deer data -- The December 2018 report from the Pinedale Anticline Project Office shows that 2017-18’s season resulted in significant drops in the Mesa population and Sublette County herd unit overall. Courtesy chart

FEBRUARY 27, 2019 Chugwater Community Center February 27, 2019 at 6:30 PM Sponsored by PetroValues.com and Reba D. Epler REBA (307) 701-1073 • CRAIG (970) 580-0335

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

B5

CROSSWORD Wyoming Livestock Roundup Crosswords, created by Myles Mellor. Solution available in next week's Roundup. Mail your complete crossword to Wyoming Livesock Roundup, PO Box 850, Casper, WY 82602 for a special prize!

Across 1 Wyoming mountains, 2 words 6 Santa ___ 7 Make, in terms of money 9 Stock thieves 11 Copy 13 Fourth compartment in a cow’s stomach 16 Land area 18 Denver cop Fales’ position in “Longmire” , abbr.

20 Long slippery fish 21 Husband and wife, e.g.

22 Young farm female 24 Roman 550 25 High craggy hill 27 It’s used to wash down areas 28 Brought into play 29 Land of the brave and free 33 “Family ___” 34 Farms producing milk 37 Breakfast oval 38 Will Rogers famously said, “God isn’t making any more of it.”- 2 words

Down 1 Farm management 2 Boat gear 3 Hi! 4 It opens and closes 5 Cow’s pronoun 6 Barrier 8 Give an identity to 9 Scale notes 10 A cow’s sense of this is very advanced 12 Trails 14 Cow dung gives off strong ones 15 Curriculum sections 17 Color of many Herefords 19 All the cattle on the ranch 23 Enemy- like a wolf to the herd 26 Cow’s first stomach 30 Decline 31 Cattle breed 32 Number of calves a cow will have on average, roughly 34 Paternity identifier 35 Capital ending 36 Hardened

Legislature encourages citizen involvement Cheyenne – With just under two weeks remaining, the Wyoming Legislature continues to tackle tough topics and important bills during the 2019 General Session, and Wyoming’s citizen legislators continue to work forward to pass a supplemental budget and a number of bills they believe will benefit the lives of Wyoming citizens.

While legislators have been elected to represent the needs of Wyoming’s citizens, Wyoming’s agriculture organizations, including Wyoming Farm Bureau (WyFB), advocate for the needs of the agriculture industry.

“This year, there has been some tension between the House and the Senate, much of it over the budget, of course,” Ken Hamilton, WyFB executive director, commented. “The Senate and House have different ideas of how to fund things. They’re starting to work the differences out, but we won’t know until the end what the final bill will look like.”

At the same time, Hamilton said some bills have taken unusual tracks in committees, which has been challenging.

“We see a lot of bills coming out of committees like the Appropriations Committee that would normally belong in other standing committees,” he commented. “It’s interesting to watch.”

From the committee standpoint, Hamilton noted that both the House and Senate agriculture committees have seen adept leaders take the helm this year, with new leadership from Sen. Brian Boner and consistency from Rep. Hans Hunt.

“Chairman Boner has really stepped into a leadership role and done a pretty good job,” Hamilton said. “Over in the house side, Rep. Hunt is an old pro, and he does a nice job.”

Next steps As he looks at the coming weeks, Hamilton says one of the most important thing for Wyoming citizens is to stay involved and stay up-todate on the session.

“It’s also important to have the perspective from several organizations on what’s going on legislatively,” he commented.

“Each organization sees the issues through their own eyes.”

Additionally, while each agriculture organization doesn’t necessarily have the same viewpoint on each issue, they often work closely to keep up-to-date on a variety of issues.

“Getting legislative information from agriculture organizations also provides more insightful information than citizens might not get from following newspapers,” Hamilton said.

Staying involved Senate President Drew Perkins also emphasized the importance of being involved in the Wyoming Legislature’s activities, and in a recent statement, Perkins encouraged citizens to share their ideas with their Representatives and Senators.

“The Wyoming Senate is a wonderful institution entrusted with crafting the laws of this state through the informed and civil exchange of ideas,” he said.

Perkins continued, “The Senate is made up

The latest updates from the Wyoming Legislature can be found at wyoleg.gov

of a wide array of members representing a people as diverse as the Wyoming terrain – a people of varying beliefs, goals and visions for the future.

As the Senate President, I am dedicated to maintaining the long tradition of the Senate as an institution where Wyomingites can respectfully express ideas to their citizen Senators and receive the same level of respect in return.

I welcome all residents to the Senate and encourage everyone to share their thoughts with us all.”

Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup and can be reached at roundup@wylr.net.

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B6

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Woodall: Green New Deal provides another example of vague climate plan On Feb. 7, freshman Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.) introduced a bill known as the “Green New Deal.” The bill is a nonbinding resolution aimed solving climate change challenges.

Ocasio-Cortez represents New York’s 14th Congressional District, which

covers the Bronx and Queens in New York City, and her staffers told The Guardian the plan “sets a goal to get to net-zero, rather than zero emissions, at the end of this 10-year plan because we aren’t sure that we will be able to fully get rid of, for example, emissions from cows or air travel before then.”

Learn more about the Green New Deal from Colin Woodall and NCBA at beefusa.org.

Inside the resolution “The question we’re all asking right now is, what does this mean for cattle producers,” asked the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) Senior Vice President of Government Affairs Colin Woodall. “When we take the time to look through this Green New Deal resolution, it doesn’t say much at all. It’s pretty general and open-ended ideas where they want to eliminate greenhouse gases – or otherwise want to eliminate

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life on this planet. There’s not a whole lot of detail.”

Woodall cautioned cattle producers against wholesale approval or disproval of anything that comes out of Washington, D.C., noting bills are often like used cars.

“We have to do much more than just kick the tires when we’re buying used cars,” he described. “We better open up the hood, see what the details are and make sure the thing really runs.”

“The Green New Deal doesn’t tell us anything and that’s our concern,” Woodall continued. “We continue to see efforts in Congress and from other places that talk about greenhouse gases and climate change at a very high level in general details. When we talk about something so important, we need to see details so we can understand what the impacts will be to our industry and to industry in general in the United States.”

More details Ed Frank, NCBA communications specialist, added the resolution epitomizes a left-wing, Democratic Socialist ideal but with very few specifics, so NCBA developed a list of questions that need to be answered before the Green New Deal can be truly vet-

“The Green New Deal doesn’t tell us anything and that’s our concern.” – Colin Woodall, NCBA ted.

“We got questions from the press, but we asked them what they wanted us to respond to. There were no specific policy proposals in the Green New Deal,” Frank explained. “We put out a list of questions that we hope reporters, citizens, producers and everyone can ask before they decide whether something is good or bad.”

The list includes questions about what specific policies are included, what the cost of those policies are and what the actual impact will be on global temperatures, along with how that impact was calculated.

“When we see proposals like the Green New Deal, they’re all the same.

They make big, overarching claims and talk about how we’re going to turn ourselves into a utopian society,” Woodall added, “but what they fail to do is give any details or economic impact.”

Cattle industry interface Woodall continued, “We stepped back and, instead of trying to defend our industry against this resolution, we said, ‘You guys haven’t done enough work yet. If

you want a discussion, we need to know more so we can have a true debate.’”

In addition to details on how much something costs, how it will impact beef production and more, Woodall said economic analysis is also necessary.

“The economic analysis also needs to come from credible economists who can show their math, as we like to say,” he said. “We need to be able to look at the numbers and understand how they got there.”

“Given the data we have compiled for years, we have a great story to tell about what the ag industry has done to cut back our carbon footprint, cut back on greenhouse gases and produce more beef with fewer cattle than we did 30 years ago,” Woodall emphasized. “Those efficiencies are going to continue as we learn more and as science and technology can be utilized and applied to the U.S. beef industry.”

Saige Albert, managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup, wrote this article from a Feb. 10 edition of “Beltway Beef.”

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

B7

Decide Sooner

Northwest Wyoming Angus Association

While many of you are in sire buying mode, this time of year, more are deciding whether this year’s bull calves retain the ability to become sires.

Castration at birth is ideal, but catching them on day one can be a challenge in extensive operations. Castration at branding or turnout offers a balance between handling ease and minimizing calf stress.

Some may delay castration to increase weaning weight, and indeed, neutering at turnout along with an age-appropriate growth implant shows pre-weaning performance comparable to intact males without adding to stress at weaning. Cut-and-healed steers at weaning have a more flexible marketing window, as well.

A few defer castration beyond weaning in pursuit of natural market premiums, figuring testosterone can replace the implants banned by marketing programs. That’s a shortsighted model, consid-

ering calves castrated at weaning present a greater health risk down the road.

We’ve heard the suggestion that improved genetic potential in cattle today supports early castration without an implant while calves are nursing. That’s an interesting theory, but no current data supports such a break with technology. Could a combination of genetic improvement and environmental constraint limit calf growth before genetic or technology-supported potential is achieved?

Nearly every bull arriving intact at a feedyard is castrated, so postponing simply delays the inevitable. A recent article in “Translational Animal Science” by Ball et al from West Texas A&M and the University of Arkansas demonstrates consumer impacts of failing to make timely sire selection decisions.

The experiment looked at feeding intact males compared to castration by banding at feedyard

arrival. Performance data were not surprising. Bulls had the higher hot carcass weight at 911 pounds, compared to late-banded steers at 806 pounds. The continual quest for more market weight by leaving males intact was achieved.

The banded calves were not implanted at the feedyard, further contributing to this carcass weight difference.

Quality grade differences between the groups were stark. Calves harvested as intact bulls were 28 percent Choice and 71 percent Select or Standard while bulls banded at feedlot arrival were 56 percent Choice and 44 percent Select and Standard. None of the cattle achieved Prime. We don’t know percent Choice for these calves had they been managed for more age-appropriate castration, but what we do know shows a clear example of how a simple management practice can influence quality grade. It is well known that the longer calves remain bulls,

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the greater the reduction in quality grade.

When strip steaks from this experiment were offered to a taste panel, quality differences remained.

Tenderness, juiciness and flavor were greater for steaks from banded steers than those from the bulls. Steaks from bulls were also numerically tougher on a Warner-Bratzler shear test than those from steers.

If you’re wondering why such an experiment was required to affirm what we know already about feeding bulls, let me

add that one trial group looked at an experimental chemical castration method, that was unable to improve quality beyond bulls. The reason for that exploration?

Growing consumer concern about painful management practices.

The beef industry has responded to consumer demand for a high-quality beef eating experience. Currently we produce more Prime, Certified Angus Beef® brand and Choice than ever before. Today, a great eating experience at the table

includes consumers looking to have a greater say in how we produce beef in the future.

This report, while looking at a new management tool to address a changing consumer, provides a reminder of how fast a small change can influence eating quality. Early castration still serves as an example where best management practices extend beyond end-product quality and address the consumer’s desire to know not only the “why” but increasingly the “how.”

B8

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

University of Wyoming research center teaches children about ag through potatoes Lingle – The Taters for Tots program, sponsored by University of Wyoming (UW) Extension teaches children the importance of agriculture and giving them the chance to experience production agriculture in a hands-on way.

For the past six years, elementary-aged children in the Lingle area have been invited to visit and pick potatoes, all while learning about the important role production agriculture plays to Wyoming and the world, according to UW Research Scientist Brian Lee. Program history Lee explains potatoes, though not as prominent as they once were in the area, have historically been a staple crop for Wyoming.

The program is based out of the James C. Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center (SAREC), where community outreach

and youth education are primary goals.

“The overall goal of this program is for kids to experience agriculture and learn about production,” says Lee. “Some of these kids have never been exposed to production agriculture in any way.”

Potato picking and beyond Lee explains Taters for Tots, is something the faculty and staff at SAREC look forward to each year.

“Taters for Tots is one of our favorite events every year,” says Lee. “It’s really great to get the kids out there and experiencing agriculture in a hands-on way.”

Participating students are generally around the third grade and come to visit in the late fall when the potato harvest is at its peak, according to Lee. The students begin their trip by viewing a short video presentation about the history of potato farming in

“Seeing the kids out there having a good time is a great reminder for all of us as to why we do what we do and why we love agriculture.” – Brian Lee, University of Wyoming Extension Wyoming and the various ways to eat potatoes.

“Once the students are done with the video, they go out to the field and dig up potatoes, with the assistance of our faculty and staff,” Lee explains.

“The kids can take home as many potatoes as they can carry,” he says.

“Some of them struggle to carry their haul through the field and onto their bus.”

A love for agriculture Lee notes they want kids to leave the farm not only stocked with potatoes but with a positive experience and basic knowledge of production agriculture.

He explains for the staff on the farm, Taters for Tots is a great way to get back to the basics of agriculture and

remind everyone why they truly love agriculture.

“Seeing kids out in the field having a good time is a great reminder for all of us as to why we do what we do and why we love agriculture.”

At the end of the season, the remaining potatoes are donated to various organizations within Lingle and Torrington.

“We send some of the leftovers to the food bank, and others we donate to different functions sponsored by various organizations within the community,” says Lee. Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Helping hands -- Faculty and staff at the James C. Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center assisted visiting students with digging up potatoes. Courtesy photo

Digging in -- Visiting students at the James C. Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center worked hard to dig potatoes from the ground to take home. Courtesy photo

Spotlight on Genetics Wyoming Beef Cattle Improvement Association Bull Test Bulls will be Performance, BVD, Semen and PAP Tested

Taters in tow -- Students patiently wait to board the bus with their full bags of potatoes courtesy of the Taters for Tots program. Courtesy photo

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Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

B9

Bookmark program expands to embrace technology, teamwork with GIS mapping

In its 30th year, the Wyoming Agriculture in the Classroom (WAIC) bookmark program has seen consistent growth year after year. To capture the enthusiasm surrounding the program while also advancing their mission, WAIC’s Board decided to take youth engagement in agriculture and natural

resources to the next level.

“We want to make sure we’re always pushing kids to understand Wyoming today,” explains Jessie Dafoe, WAIC executive director. “We’re coupling that learning with technology in our fifth grade GIS Mapping Challenge.”

New program Through the generous support of AgTerra in Sheridan, WAIC is able to provide GIS mapping software to fifth grade classrooms across the state. Each classroom that participates is challenged to find a problem or question and understand more about the problem through mapping.

Visit wyaitc.org for more information on Wyoming Agriculture in the Classroom’s GIS Mapping Project.

Tech ed bill to Gordon Delivering on its promise to help ensure Wyoming citizens have more education and workforce training opportunities to pursue their dreams while growing the state’s economy, the Wyoming Legislative Majority applauded passage of Senate File 43, Hathaway Scholarship eligibility this week.

The bill, which amends elective course requirements to include career-technical education and fine and performing arts to the current foreign language requirements, is an important piece of the GOP Leadership’s agenda to expand higher education and workforce training opportunities.

“In today’s economy, it is important to recognize that a traditional university isn’t the right fit for every student nor does every job require a baccalaureate degree,” said Senate Education Committee Chairman Hank Coe. “Senate File 43 opens up the Hathaway eligibility requirements for students in recognition of the wide variety of career paths available to Wyoming citizens of all ages.”

Workforce development has been a key topic of discussion for legislative leadership, the business community and the Executive Council of the Economically Needed Diversity Options for Wyoming (ENDOW) initiative.

Senate File 43, now known as Senate Enrolled Act 20, was sponsored by the Joint Interim Education Committee and passed both the House and Senate with overwhelming support. The bill currently awaits Gov. Gordon’s signature.

“Right now, there are several options,” Dafoe explains. “Students can look at outdoor recreation and tourism or fields, for example. They can identify where oil and gas sites are and understand how they’re spread through Wyoming. They can map a park and find things that need to be fixed or identify noxious weeds in fields.”

“We love the peer-topeer teaching that goes on here in fifth grade classrooms,” she says.

Learning the technology Because the program is in its first year, Dafoe and WAIC Program Coordinator Stephanie Russell have worked to provides guidelines and resources for teachers.

“We’ve created sample maps teachers can log into, pull up and see how it might work in the classroom,” Russell explains.

“They can also pull up the program on their smart-

board or on a handheld device – such as a tablet or smartphone – to take outside and establish map points.”

The versatile tool is also easy to use and includes tutorials and user guides.

Russell also notes she is available to answer questions and work with teachers to help make the tool useful.

“Stephanie is very well versed in this program and can answer any questions that teachers have,” Dafoe comments.

Project After creating their maps, Russell notes the fifth graders are also asked to write a short report and develop a video presentation.

“We want the students to tell us what they did and what they learned using this technology,” she explains. “We’re hoping they can also work together

as a class to create a video presenting their map and orally telling us about their project in that report.”

At the conclusion of the project, fifth graders will submit their work to WAIC, who will score the projects using outside collaborators, and top projects will be recognized.

All maps and video presentations are due by March 1.

Big goals “The goal of this project is to help students become comfortable not only with today’s technology but also with soft skills like presenting and working together,” Dafoe says.

She adds, “Teachers also should be able to assess students writing and speaking to meet standards.”

At the same time, students have the chance to learn more about their counties and collaborate to share their knowledge.

“We see this as a really great connectory piece for classrooms across Wyoming,” Dafoe comments.

“We don’t know just how far we can take it, but we’re optimistic this year will be a great catalyst for the future.”

Russell has begun to plan for the future and hopes to have the programs available to teachers during the summer months to play with and possibly use in their classrooms this fall.

“This program is also an extension of our Wyoming Stewardship Project,” Dafoe said. “WAIC is committed to growing stewards for our state, and we think one of the best ways is to provide handson, real-world experience for our students.”

Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup and can be reached at roundup@wylr.net.

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B10

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Animal migration routes are determined by both science and legislation Casper – “Animals migrate to make a better living off their landscape,” said Wyoming Fish and Game Department (WGFD) Cooperative Unit Leader Matt Kauffmann.

Kauffman, along with a panel of leading professionals, addressed residents of Casper and surrounding areas in regards to the importance of designated migration corridors at one of six statewide forums hosted by WGFD on Feb. 11.

Why animals migrate “It’s not new information that animals migrate in the winter to avoid deep snow and harsh conditions,” Kauffman noted.

“Smaller animals, such as pronghorn, begin their migration earlier due to a lighter tolerance for deep snow, whereas larger animals, such as moose and elk, can tolerate deeper snow and migrate later in the season,” according to Kauffman.

He explained animals don’t necessarily bee-

line to their destination.

Instead they take their time, sometimes up to two months, to migrate north or south for the winter. He estimated animals spend up to one-third of the year en route to their summer or winter habitats, making the route a habitat itself.

Surfing the green wave Kauffman described the slow migration of animals as “surfing the green wave.”

“Animals want to eat plants at the early stage of their growth, which is typically in the spring,” Kauffman said. “The early stages of growth, when plants are lower in fiber and higher in protein, is ideal because the plant is more easily digestible.”

“When animals time their migration correctly, they can expose themselves to spring-like, lowfiber plants for a longer period of time,” Kauffman explained. “Those who surf well have a higher percentage of body fat going into the winter and are more likely to sur-

For more information on Wyoming Game and Fish Department public forums, visit, wgfd.wyo.gov/ News/Game-and-Fish-to-hostmigration-corridor-forum.

vive.”

He went on to explain that animals who migrate a longer distance will also have higher stores of body fat in comparison to those who migrate shorter distances.

How do they know Kauffman explained it was once a hotly debated question as to whether mammals innately know to migrate or if they learn the process and routes from their parents.

“There was a study done with translocated Bighorn sheep,” Kauffman said. “The study found sheep didn’t migrate, which proves this is a learned behavior passed on to each generation.”

He explained due to the learned nature of migratory behavior, it can take anywhere from decades to centuries for a species to learn how to migrate.

“When we lose a species in an area, all the knowledge is lost, too,” Kauffman commented.

“This knowledge is accumulated over generations of learning to make the best of a landscape.”

Charting migrations Due to advanced technology, animals can now be collared and tracked to determine their migra-

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tion routes and assist managing agencies in determining designated migration corridors, according to WGFD Biologist Doug Brimeyer.

Brimeyer provided data for the Baggs, Platte Valley and Sublette mule deer migration corridors to attendees of the forum.

Brimeyer noted Baggs had 118 individual mule deer collared and 298 seasonal migrations. Platte Valley featured 42 collared deer and 120 seasonal migrations, while Sublette had 131 collared deer and 319 seasonal migrations.

“We use the best technology we have available to us, as well as historic data, to determine migration routes and subsequently designate corridors,” said Brimeyer.

In an effort to include the community, outreach efforts were made in areas affected by the migration corridors.

“We host community meetings, send e-mails, post news releases and communicate with federal partners and landowners,” Brimeyer explained.

Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr. net.

Secretarial Order 3362 Bureau of Land Management Wildlife Biologist Brad Jost explained the logistics and implications of Secretarial Order 3362, which was implemented by Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke.

The order states, “This order directs appropriate bureaus within the Department of the Interior to work in close partnership with the western states, including Wyoming to enhance and improve the quality of big game winter range and migration corridor habitat on federal lands under the management jurisdiction in a way that recognizes state authority to conserve and manage big game species and respects private property rights.”

“We all know that big game is important to the West,” Jost said. “The intent of this order is to encourage partnerships and funding opportunities within priority area.”

Carbon Co. ranch conserved The Wyoming Stock Growers Land Trust (WSGLT) has conserved the 543-acre Peryam Ranch located near Riverside, Wyoming in the Upper North Platte River Valley.

The ranch was conserved in partnership with the Wyoming Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust (WWNRT), the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and the Gates Frontier Fund (GFF).

This multi-generational ranch is situated on the banks of the Encampment River, and lies between the Snowy and Sierra Madre mountain ranges, making the property a beautiful example of the pivotal relationship between sustainable agriculture, wildlife and conservation.

Bob Budd, executive director of the WWNRT reflected on the conservation project, “The Saratoga Valley and the river systems there are a real treasure, and this easement assures the integrity of the river, migration and winter habitat for big game and riparian habitats for multiple species. In addition, it maintains a longtime family ranching operation and a legacy that is the bedrock of Wyoming values.”

The land was homesteaded in the late 1870s by W.T. Peryam, an English immigrant, who came to the upper Platte Valley as one of its first settlers.

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

B11

Controlling rats and mice presents challenge for many farms and ranches Rats and mice can raise havoc with buildings and their contents.

Robert M. Timm, Ph.D and Extension Wildlife Specialist emeritus at the University of California Hopland Research and Extension Center, says rat and mouse problems are mostly associated with barns and other structures, feed bunks or feed storage areas.

“In insulated buildings, a lot of damage from mice may go unnoticed until they have destroyed insulation in the walls or ceiling. Rats or mice may gnaw insulation off wires, causing electrical problems or fires. They may also damage chewable parts in tractors and other equipment,” he says.

Vehicles and equipment Mice and rats may damage wiring in vehicles and farm equipment.

“They may disable machinery by chewing wires and creating shorts or gnawing off drive belts, cooling system hoses, etc.

Rodents cause a diverse number of problems, and often by the time we notice a problem, there has already been a lot of damage done,” Timm says.

He continues, “We may see a few rats or mice but don’t do anything about it until it becomes a major problem. In those cases, we often spend more time and money repairing things and trying to control a large population than if we’d paid more attention earlier, when there were fewer rodents.”

Controlling Since they like to live in barns, feedlots, grain storage facilities, etc., there is food readily available for them most of the year, making it difficult to attract them to poison baits.

“With pets or livestock present, it’s difficult to find appropriate places to locate bait stations or traps. Therefore, one of the keys to control rats and mice is to try to keep structures tight enough that it’s hard for them to get in,” Timm comments.

Ranchers don’t want mice and rats in the walls or attics where they are not easily seen but create a lot of damage.

“It may be almost impossible to eliminate food sources, so another tactic is to eliminate shelter for these rodents – any place that they might nest, hide from predators, or remain unseen during daytime,” he explains. “Even if we have barn cats, if the mice are in the walls the cats can’t get to them.”

Shelter Traps and rodenticides may be helpful in reducing numbers, but Timm says, “One of the keys to preventing large infestations is to eliminate shelter.”

This includes keeping weeds and tall grass away from buildings so rodents don’t have protection from predators as they go in and out of the building.

If they have to cross open space to get there, they are more vulnerable to predators.

“Often mice and rats travel at night and depend more on touch and feel with whiskers rather than eyesight. They tend to travel where the ground meets the exterior of the feed bunk, building or barn,” Timm comments.

“House mice can slip under a door or into a wall if there’s more than a quarter-inch gap. It’s hard to keep mice out because they can go through very small spaces,” says Timm.

“Young rats can squeeze through a one-half-inch gap, and both rats and mice can enlarge existing gaps or holes by gnawing.”

These rodents can even gnaw through softer metals such as aluminum and copper flashing, so exclusion requires using heavier materials such as galvanized steel flashing or galvanized hardware cloth of one-quarter-inch or one-half-inch mesh size.”

Old buildings Older wooden buildings are more readily invaded.

“Even with some of the newer materials, the person doing the design and construction may not think about rodent proofing. There are often flaws in a building from the beginning that might allow these creatures to get into walls or attic spaces,” he explains.

Rodenticides Rodenticides can work, and many people use them successfully.

“However, retail rat and mouse baits have become increasingly restricted in recent years, so in some states users may need to have appropriate applicator training and certification to buy and apply the products,” Timm describes. “In cities, we often see warehouses, restaurants, grocery stores with rodent bait boxes located at the bottom of exterior walls.”

“These boxes may be disguised, but professional pest control companies are maintaining rodenticide baits in those,” he says.

If a farmer or rancher has a continual problem with rodents and buildings that are difficult to rodentproof, a maintenance program of keeping rodenticides continually present in bait stations – available to rats and mice – can help knock down and hold down the population.

“The trick is to provide them with something they like to eat better, which is located more conveniently than their

other food choices. But be careful we don’t allow access to baits by non-target wildlife, cats, dogs or livestock,” Timm says.

Insulated structures Regarding house mice damage to insulated structures, often ranchers don’t see the damage until it has already happened.

“In trials we conducted in Nebraska in the 1980s, we didn’t find any type of building insulation that was mouse-resistant. Mice removed insulation from within walls for nesting materials and made tunnels through it,” Timm explains. “If there was a sheet of Styrofoam sandwiched inside concrete, mice would go in there and hollow out the insulation. This radically changed the energy conservation qualities of a building in just a few years. The solution is to not let them get in, in the first place.”

Many places in North America are cold enough in winter they don’t have house mice living outdoors year-round.

“They try to find a

place to come indoors in the fall,” he says.

Heather Smith Thomas is a correspondent for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup.

Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

“It may be almost impossible to eliminate food sources, so another tactic is to eliminate shelter for these rodents – any place that they might nest, hide from predators, or remain unseen during daytime.” – Robert Timm, University of California Extension

Rodent problems — Because of the damage that rats and mice can cause, a number of options are available to control and kill rodents. Farmers and ranchers should also take preventative measures to address rodent challenges. Heather Smith Thomas photo

B12

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

B13

B14

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

B15

Early gestation provides important development During the early stages of gestation, the fetus of the calf is very small, with minimal nutrient requirements, but Jana Block of North Dakota State University’s Hettinger Research Center says there are a number of things that happen during early gestation that ranchers should be aware of.

“We don’t really think a lot about early gestation,” Block says, noting implantation of the egg, organ development and follicle development are all important during that period.

“How our different nutritional management programs impact these processes can really impact our calves.”

Maternal recognition After the egg is fertilized, Block explains the next step is recognition of the egg and implantation in the uterus. The uterus must recognize the egg and implant to maintain the pregnancy.

“Shortly after, we have the placenta implanting into the uterine wall and beginning to grow,” she says.

“Around the same time, fetal organs are starting to develop. That starts as early as 20 days of gestation.”

The heart, liver, brain, lungs and other important organs begin developing between 15 and 16 days of gestation.

“During this process of organ development, the survival organs – such as the brain and heart – have higher nutrient priority for the nutrients that are received,” Block explains. “There are other tissues being developed at the same time. If we have a nutrient restriction during this time, those tissues will be more susceptible to those deficiencies.”

Development In early gestation, the follicle is also being developed. The fluid-filled sack supports the egg as it grows and can be impacted in early gestation if nutrients are restricted.

Block also cautions placental growth and development are critical during that stage, as well.

“The placenta is critical to meeting the demands of the fetus throughout gestation,” she says. “In early gestation, we see the development of the attachment sites to both the dam and the fetus.”

As the placenta attaches, a plasmatome is created. The plasmatome is the area where gases, nutrients and waste are exchanged between the dam and fetus.

“The majority of placenta growth happens during the first half to twothirds of gestation,” Block explains. “We see a huge increase in fetal and placenta blood flow through gestation, which is designed to keep up with the increasing nutrient requirements of the rapidly growing calf.”

“Circulation must be established early in gesta-

tion,” she continues. “During that time, we have to have nutrients available to the placenta.”

Nutrient restriction If nutrients are restricted or environmental stress is felt during placenta development, the consequence is possibly reduced nutrient availability to the fetus and reduced ability of the umbilical vein to carry oxygen and growth factors that contribute to development of the future.

“We also know the majority of fetal losses occur in early gestation,” Block comments.

In one study at the University of Wyoming, Block explains pregnant cows were fed 68 percent of their maintenance energy

requirements and 87 percent of metabolizable protein requirements, then evaluated for fetal and placental growth.

On day 125 of gestation, a portion of cows were necropsied to measure and weigh fetuses and placenta. Another segment was necropsied at 245 days of gestation.

“On day 125, they saw 40 percent of nutrient restricted fetuses has reduced fetal weight and increased organ weights,” Block comments. “This happens because these tissues have higher nutrient priority.”

Further, the impact of lighter calves was more pronounced for cows that averaged 3.5 years of age compared to cows that

were five years old or older.

“This points back to the fact that younger cows are unable to buffer nutrient restriction as well as older cows,” she says.

“This study didn’t use a very extreme restriction, but it played a big role in fetal weights.”

Block presented during the 26th Annual Cattlemen’s College, held during the 2019 National Cattlemen’s Beef Association Cattle Convention and Trade Show. In next week’s Roundup, learn about impacts of nutrient restriction in mid-gestation.

Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Broadband Initiative out U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue commented on the American Broadband Initiative Milestones Report which was published on Feb. 13.

“Last year, I presented the findings of the Interagency Task Force on Agriculture and Rural Prosperity to President Trump at the American Farm Bureau Federation Convention,” Perdue said. “The report showed how broadband e-connectivity is essential for achieving rural prosperity in the 21st Century, and it has guided work across the U.S. government this past year.”

“The American Broadband Initiative Milestones Report reflects work on behalf of taxpayers and displays the federal government’s commitment as a strong business partner to the private sector in deploying broadband infrastructure,” he said, noting the effort also reflects President Trump’s commitment to improving the quality of life for those living in rural America.

“Reliable broadband is critical for nearly every aspect of life, from education to health care to agriculture and beyond. By working across the federal government and by harnessing public-private partnerships as USDA has done for decades, we are doing all we can to bring reliable, affordable broadband to homes, farms, ranches, schools and healthcare sites throughout rural America.”

The same cowherd, raised on the same ranch by the same family for 100 years.

March Selling

Angus Bulls and

in Bliss, Idaho Angus Females.

Spring Cove bulls are raised outside on dry range conditions, are genetically designed to provide meat, marbling and muscle and to perform in our western environment while enhancing the durability, fertility and longevity in your cowherd and in ours.

Spring Cove Reno 4021 Reg 17926446

Spring Cove Crossbow 4205 Reg 17924903

Sired by: KM Broken Bow 002 MGS: CCA Emblazon 702

Sired by : KM Broken Bow 002 MGS: CCA Emblazon 702

Spring Cove Paygrade 5064 Reg 18251392 Sired by: Basin Payweight 1682 MGS: CCA Emblazon 702

CED+10 BW-.3 WW+83 YW+137 SC+1.24 Milk+32 CW+54 Marb+.80 Rib+.63 $W+97.56 $F+105.75 $B+176.70 Reno sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

CED+17 BW -1.6 WW+56 YW+106 SC+.39 Milk+20 CW+53 Marb+1.00 Rib+.56 $W+48.03 $F+69.66 $B+161.59 Crossbow sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

CED+11 BW-.6 WW+53 YW+91 SC+.99 Milk+26 CW+36 Marb+1.07 Rib+.23 $W+62.84 $F+48.44 $B+130.55 Paygrade sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

S A V Resource 1411

Sitz Longevity 556Z Reg 17179073

Basin Bonus 4345 Reg 17904142

Sire: Connealy Final Product MGS: Woodhill Foresight

Sire: Basin Payweight 1682 MGS: Connealy Consensus 7229

CED+6 BEPD+.2 WEPD+60 YEPD+108 SC+1.00 Milk+30 CW+40 Marb+.80 Rib+.37 $W+67.63 $F+79.58 $B+142.71

CED+7 BEPD+1.2 WEPD+72 YEPD+125 SC+.83 MEPD+36 CW+53 Marb+1.15 Rib+.54 $W+87.94 $F+86.41 $B+160.10

Longevity sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

Bonus sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

For salebooks : Call: 208-352-4332 Email: info@springcoveranch.com www.springcoveranch.com

Spring Cove Ranch 269 Spring Cove Rd Bliss, Idaho 83314

Spring Cove TL Cat D13 Reg 18582235 Sire: Basin Bonus 4345 MGS: B/R Complete 4U75-257

CED+9 BEPD+.4 WEPD+58 YEPD+103 SC+1.00 MEPD+27 CW+29 Marb+.70 Rib+.81 $W+58.45 $F+64.14 $B+119.21 D13 sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

For more information call: Spring Cove Ranch office: 208-352-4332 Stacy Butler’s cell & text: 208-320-8803 Find us on Facebook

B16

Volume 30 No. 42 • February 16, 2019

It’s the Pitts

by Lee Pitts

Here and There I’ve been in every state but feel most at home on the left side of the Mississippi.

I’ve climbed all over the 17 western states, floated the Rogue, rode horseback on the Borderlands, know how to pronounce the capital of South Dakota, visited Cabela’s in Nebraska, watched a rodeo in the Astrodome and attended the first World Series game ever in Kansas City. I froze my butt off in

Aberdeen, been to a Fourth of July Rodeo in Prescott and the parade in Cayucos. I’ve never been to the Egyptian Pyramids, but I’ve been to the one in Las Vegas, where I also visited Paris and Venice, albeit with slot machines ringing.

I’ve haggled with Indians selling their jewelry at Four Corners, been to the castle in Castle Rock, slept out with the cowboys on the

Bell, been to the top of the Space Needle, unknowingly fed the bears in Yellowstone and fished in the shadow of Half Dome. I’ve seen and felt the West’s haunting beauty in the Grand Canyon, Bryce and Zion, and I know you can’t possibly understand my part of the world by just visiting Disneyland on vacation.

This doesn’t mean I don’t appreciate the East.

I spent a week on the beautiful beach in Rehobeth, traipsed all over Florida and visited my brother at West Point on the Hudson. It may be a glittering generality, but there are more symptoms of civilization in the East, more tall buildings, toll roads and government offices.

The East is more about history, while the West is

more about the landscape.

The East is Arlington and Gettysburg, while the West is the Little Bighorn.

Nature’s handiwork is more on display in the West.

It’s Carlsbad Caverns, the Badlands, Black Hills, the Redwoods, Mt. Whitney, Lake Tahoe, the Oregon seacoast and the Great Empty, a name given to Montana that could apply to the entire West.

It’s God’s backyard. While the East was built by people like the Amish, the pilgrims, the millionaires on Jekyll Island and the great southern plantations. The East is architecture, history and all the wonderful monuments in D.C. There are more things to do in the East. The West is the oil patch, cowboys and farmers. The East is more inside;

the West more outside.

The East is brick; the West is adobe. The East has more and better museums and highbrow culture. I’ve spent days at the Smithsonian, been to Ford’s Theatre and saw Henry Fonda in a play at the Kennedy Center, but I also thoroughly enjoyed the barb wire museum in Emporia, Kans. and Georgia O’ Keeffe’s home in New Mexico.

The East has Cooperstown.

The West has the Cowboy Hall of Fame.

I’ve never been to a Super Bowl in New Orleans, but I don’t see how it could possibly compare with Friday night lights in Texas. I liked Mark Twain’s cramped and dusty office at the Territorial Enterprise in Virginia City, Nev. better than his east-

March 2, 2019

Wolf Creek, Montana

Annual Bull Sale 52 apitalist 82 C w o B x O

ern mansion.

I feel closer to nature in the West. I felt the ground shake when Old Faithful erupted and witnessed the destruction when Mount St. Helen’s blew her lid. I was also present when my wife did likewise after I lost the car keys in Death Valley in July.

She didn’t speak to me for days after I insisted we take a plane ride and dive bombed the Grand Canyon.

Whenever I visited the East, I felt a divide between the North and South that still exists 150 years after they supposedly settled their differences. The same can be said about how the West feels towards the East. That’s because the feds own far too much of the West and have too much say on how we Westerners must live our lives.

The West is far less dense, and people are more spread out here so that when we do make human contact we tend to be friendlier. Westerners are also more independent, have a stubborn streak and tend to mind their own business. That’s why we resent Congressmen and eco snobs from New York City, who’ve never earned an honest day’s wage, trying to rid the world of Oregon loggers, Utah miners and cowboys and cows lest they supposedly destroy the world with their flatulence.

The only disgusting aroma westerners smell emanates from the much-too-powerful people on the Potomac.

Wednesday, March 6, 2019 Lunch at noon Sale at 1 pm At the Ranch in Wolf Creek, MT

0 pitalist 82 5 a C w o B Ox

Yearling bulls ultra-sounded, freeze branded, and raised in steep mountain pasture.

29 apitalist 82 Ox Bow C

otive 8276 Ox Bow M

Sires Represented LD Capitalist 316 Emblazon 702 OX Bow Ozzie 3233 Ox Bow Emulation 5309 Soo Line Motive 9016

Marc Orem, Ranch Manager www. oxbowranchangus .com

Cell: 541/ 965-0088 Office: 406/ 235-4281 oxbow@3riversdbs.net